WO2023090095A1 - 電動ブレーキ装置 - Google Patents
電動ブレーキ装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023090095A1 WO2023090095A1 PCT/JP2022/039887 JP2022039887W WO2023090095A1 WO 2023090095 A1 WO2023090095 A1 WO 2023090095A1 JP 2022039887 W JP2022039887 W JP 2022039887W WO 2023090095 A1 WO2023090095 A1 WO 2023090095A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- thrust
- current
- motor
- relationship
- electric motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
- B60T13/741—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive acting on an ultimate actuator
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
- B60T17/18—Safety devices; Monitoring
- B60T17/22—Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
- F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
- F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
- F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
- F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
- F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
- F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
- F16D66/02—Apparatus for indicating wear
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2306/00—Other features of vehicle sub-units
- B60Y2306/15—Failure diagnostics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/81—Braking systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
- F16D2066/005—Force, torque, stress or strain
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electric brake device used for braking a vehicle.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for estimating mechanical efficiency based on the motor current ratio during forward and reverse operation of a power transmission mechanism having a self-locking function part that does not operate in reverse.
- the voltage value and current value of the electric motor are measured a plurality of times in a current decreasing section leading to a constant current section where the current is substantially constant, and a plurality of measured voltage values and current
- estimated parameters to be used in the cutoff current threshold calculator are estimated by performing calculations from the values, and the cutoff current threshold is calculated by the cutoff current threshold calculator using these estimated parameters.
- the rotation/linear conversion mechanism uses a sliding screw, and is limited to a configuration with a self-locking function. Although it is possible to estimate the efficiency of this type of rotary linear motion part, it is not possible to estimate the reduction gear part, etc., and it may become difficult to estimate the overall efficiency.
- Patent Document 2 has the problem that it is necessary to measure the characteristics of each individual in advance, and that the accuracy deteriorates when the brake pads change over time such as wear.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an electric brake device that can calculate the thrust to current conversion ratio regardless of the mechanical configuration, without the need for prior measurement, and in response to changes over time.
- the present invention provides an electric motor, a linear motion part that moves as the electric motor rotates, and a brake pad that presses a disc rotor that rotates together with the wheel by the thrust generated by the movement of the linear motion part. and an electric brake device comprising a motor control device for controlling rotation of the electric motor, wherein the motor control device controls an increase in a current value of the electric motor with respect to an increase in the position of the linear motion part,
- An efficiency estimating unit is provided for estimating the relationship between the current supplied to the electric motor and the thrust based on the relationship with the current value.
- an electric brake device that can calculate the conversion ratio of thrust force to electric current regardless of the mechanical configuration, does not require prior measurement, and can cope with changes over time.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric brake device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
- FIG. 1 is a control block diagram of an electric brake device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
- FIG. FIG. 5 is a graph showing a motor current value I according to Example 1 of the present invention and a relationship obtained by differentiating the motor current value I with respect to a piston position x; It is a figure which shows the relationship between a piston position and a brake pad thrust which concern on Example 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the brake pad thrust which concerns on Example 1 of this invention, and the position differential of a brake pad thrust.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between a value obtained by subtracting a no-load current value I0 from a motor current value I and its position differentiation;
- FIG. 11 is a control block diagram of an electric brake device according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric brake device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of the electric brake device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- a vehicle such as an automobile consists of four wheels, left and right front wheels and left and right rear wheels, and each wheel is equipped with a brake device.
- the brake device 1 is supported floatably in the axial direction of the disk rotor 2 (rotating member) by a carrier (not shown) fixed to a non-rotating portion of the vehicle located inside the vehicle from the disk rotor 2 (rotating member).
- brake pads 5a and 5b pressing members arranged on both left and right sides of the disc rotor 2; a piston 6 that can move directly in the housing 4; an electric motor 8 that drives the piston 6; be done.
- the electric motor 8 applies a thrust force to the brake pads 5a and 5b via the rotation/linear motion conversion mechanism 10 and the piston 6, and the brake pads 5a and 5b press the disk rotor 2 rotating with the wheel from the left and right directions, and pinching force ( Pad thrust) gives braking force.
- the output shaft of the electric motor 8 is connected to a speed reducer 9, and the output shaft of the speed reducer 9 is connected to a rotation/linear motion conversion mechanism 10.
- the rotation/linear motion conversion mechanism 10 enables the piston 6 to move in the direction of linear motion. Configuration.
- the disc rotor 2, housing 4, brake pads 5a and 5b, piston 6, electric motor 8, speed reducer 9, and rotation/linear motion converting mechanism 10 constitute the brake caliper 3. Further, the rotation/linear motion conversion mechanism 10 and the piston 6 constitute a linear motion portion.
- the electric motor 8 is connected to a motor control device 11 (controller) by an electric wire 12 . Rotation control of the electric motor 8 is performed by a motor control device 11 . Although the electric motor 8 and the motor control device 11 are shown separately in FIG. 1, they may be integrated. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the electric motor 8 includes a current detection section 31 and a motor position detection section 32 for detecting current during driving.
- the motor control device 11 receives a brake force command Fr from a host control device (vehicle control ECU) or the like, and controls a preset control program or the like based on the detection value of the current detection unit 31 and the detection value of the motor position detection unit 32. A current command is given to the electric motor 8 based on.
- a host control device vehicle control ECU
- a current command is given to the electric motor 8 based on.
- a control signal line 21 and communication lines 22 and 23 are connected to the motor control device 11 .
- the control signal line 21 is for inputting to the motor control device 11 a control command from a host control device such as a vehicle control ECU (Electronic Control Unit).
- Communication lines 22 and 23 are for communicating information other than control commands with a host controller.
- the host control device and the motor control device 11 are arranged separately here, they may be integrated as a control device.
- the calculation method of the motor control device 11 is shown in FIG.
- a brake thrust force command Fr (braking force) is given from the host controller through the control signal line 21, it is converted into a current command value by the brake pad thrust-current command converter 34, and the current command value is output to the current controller 33.
- the motor current value of the electric motor 8 detected by the current detection unit 31 is fed back, the motor operation command value which is the supply current value is calculated, and the current based on the electric motor operation command value is supplied to the electric motor 8.
- the brake pad thrust-current command converter 34 uses a value updated each time the brake pad thrust/current coefficient (current thrust conversion ratio) estimated by the efficiency estimator 35 is estimated.
- the current-thrust conversion ratio calculation operation is performed to further increase the brake pad thrust when the brake pad thrust F has a sufficiently large value (state estimated to be greater than the brake pad thrust F1 described later). gives a command to the motor control device 11. For example, when the vehicle is parked and sufficient brake pad thrust is applied (brake pad thrust F2), this operation is performed to further increase the brake pad thrust (at the time of application). As a result, the electric motor 8 operates in the force increasing direction (applying direction), and the brake pad thrust and current value increase.
- the current detection unit 31 detects a motor current value that is the current actually flowing to the electric motor 8 (for example, q-axis component current corresponding to torque). It should be noted that when using the motor current value, it is desirable to use the one whose noise component has been filtered.
- FIG. 3 shows the motor current value I and the differentiation of the motor current value I with respect to the piston position x from the data stored in this buffer.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the motor current value I according to Example 1 of the present invention and the motor current value I differentiated with respect to the piston position x.
- the horizontal axis indicates the motor current value I
- the vertical axis indicates the value ⁇ I/ ⁇ x obtained by differentiating the motor current value I with respect to the piston position.
- the piston position x can be calculated from the motor position obtained by the motor position detector 32 using the speed reduction ratio and the direct-to-rotation ratio. Alternatively, the piston position x may be directly detected using a sensor.
- the approximate straight line can be expressed by the following formula.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the piston position and the brake pad thrust according to Example 1 of the present invention.
- the vertical axis indicates the brake pad thrust force F
- the horizontal axis indicates the piston position x.
- the horizontal axis represents the brake pad thrust F
- the vertical axis represents the differentiation of the brake pad thrust F with respect to the piston position x (thrust gradient).
- 51 indicates the state of a new brake pad
- 52 indicates the state of brake pad wear
- 53 indicates the state of severe brake pad wear. Then, in the region where the brake pad thrust F is greater than or equal to F1, it is represented by the approximate line 54 of the relationship of the approximate expression (2) regardless of the state of wear.
- brake pad thrust force F and the motor current value I generally have the relationship of formula (3) when operated at a constant speed.
- ⁇ is the current-to-thrust conversion ratio including elements such as the speed reduction ratio, the rotation/linear motion conversion ratio, the efficiency, and the torque constant.
- a no-load current estimator 46 may be provided to consider the friction F0.
- the no-load current estimator 46 operates in the force-increasing direction or the force-reducing direction in a state in which the brake pads 5a and 5b are not in contact with the disc rotor 2 and there is a gap. There is a relationship of the following formula (11).
- the friction F0 includes all the friction generated between the electric motor 8 and the piston 6, and is converted into a value at the direct acting portion. Since the friction F0 also includes a viscosity term that is a function of the speed, if the function is obtained in advance or the no-load current value I0 (v) is obtained in advance by operating at a plurality of constant rotation speeds v more preferred.
- this no-load current value I0 is set to a value that takes into consideration the operating speed when calculating the current-to-thrust conversion ratio, the accuracy is further improved.
- the current-thrust conversion ratio is low, it is detected as indicated by a solid line 65, and when the current-thrust conversion ratio is high, it is detected as indicated by a solid line 66. From this, the following approximate expression (12) is obtained.
- ⁇ b/C (15)
- a similar operation may be performed in the direction of reducing the thrust force. For example, when the vehicle is parked and sufficient brake pad thrust is applied (brake pad thrust F2), this operation is performed when the brake thrust is weakened (at the time of release). As a result, the electric motor 8 operates in the decreasing direction (releasing direction), and the brake pad thrust and current value decrease. As a result, a similar relationship can be obtained, but since the forward efficiency and the reverse efficiency generally do not match, the current-to-thrust conversion ratio ⁇ r at the time of release can be obtained.
- the thrust control method When it is desired to generate a braking force, the brake pad thrust-current command conversion unit 34 has obtained the current thrust conversion ratio ⁇ with respect to the brake thrust command Fr. , the thrust can be controlled by giving a current command to the electric motor 8 .
- the no-load current value I0 estimated by the no-load current estimation unit 46 can be used. At this time, the current control unit 33 feeds back the detected motor current value I, so that the accuracy can be further improved.
- the relationship between the current supplied to the electric motor and the thrust force is determined based on the relationship between the current value of the electric motor and the increase in the current value of the electric motor with respect to the increase in the position of the linear motion part.
- An efficiency estimating unit for estimating is provided.
- the brake pad thrust can be estimated without using a thrust sensor, and the brake pad thrust can be controlled with high accuracy at low cost.
- FIG. 7 is a control block diagram of an electric brake device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- a brake pad thrust-position command converter 36 and a position current controller 37 are provided. 37 outputs a position command.
- the position current control unit 37 feeds back the position information obtained from the motor position detection unit 32 and the current value of the electric motor 8 obtained by the current detection unit 31 based on the position command, and gives the current command to the electric motor 8. be done.
- the stiffness table updating unit 39 updates the stiffness table based on the current-position conversion processing unit 40 and the efficiency estimating unit 35.
- a current-position conversion processing unit 40 filters and removes noise components from the motor current value I detected by the current detection unit 31 during braking, and converts the motor rotational position, motor speed, and Using the motor acceleration, the current required for the brake pad thrust is calculated from which the current for acceleration and friction is removed, and the relationship between this current and the motor position is tabulated as a stiffness table. Note that the current for friction is obtained by estimation from the no-load current estimation unit 46 .
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the piston position and the motor current value required for brake pad thrust according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the vertical axis indicates the motor current value I required for brake pad thrust
- the horizontal axis indicates the piston position x.
- the relationship is calculated as 71 for new, 72 for medium wear, and 73 for large wear.
- the efficiency estimating unit 35 obtains the current-thrust conversion ratio in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
- the stiffness table updating unit 39 since the current-position relationship is obtained as a table by the current-position conversion processing unit 40, the current is multiplied by the current-thrust conversion ratio obtained by the efficiency estimating unit to obtain the stiffness table (thrust- position) can be calculated, and the data in the stiffness table can be updated as needed.
- the brake pad thrust-position command conversion unit 36 refers to the stiffness table stored in the stiffness table update unit 39 and converts it into a motor position command.
- the position current control unit 37 feeds back the motor current value I and the motor position (velocity, acceleration) based on the motor position command, and outputs an operation command to the electric motor 8 .
- the stiffness table without directly feeding back the current during thrust control, it is possible to perform control using position detection values with little noise, and more accurate thrust control is possible.
- Example 3 will be described using FIG.
- the third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the efficiency calculation method in the efficiency estimator 35 .
- Example 1 the relationship (rigidity) between the piston stroke and the brake pad thrust force was assumed to be a linear relationship regardless of wear, but Example 3 shows a case in which this relationship is different.
- the rigidity of the brake caliper 3 is determined by the rigidity of the housing 4, the rotation-to-linear motion converting mechanism 10, the brake pads 5a and 5b, and the like. , it may not be considered that the approximation formula of the stiffness does not change in the high thrust region when the wear of the brake pads 5a and 5b is different.
- the relationship between the brake pad thrust force F and the position differential ⁇ F/ ⁇ x of the brake pad thrust force F may be the relationship shown in FIG. That is, unlike Example 1, the stiffness of a new product is small in the high thrust region (curve 63), and as the wear progresses, the relationship is such that the wear progresses (curve 62) and the wear increases (curve 61). At this time, it is assumed that a linear relationship that is also in this high thrust region is obtained, and that these relationships are stored in advance for each brake pad wear amount.
- dF/dx a(w) ⁇ F+b(w) (17)
- w represents the amount of wear.
- a(w) and b(w) have higher rigidity and larger values as the amount of wear increases.
- Equation (17) is a linear relation, it may be approximated by another function. For example, it may be approximated as Equation (22).
- This embodiment relates to the efficiency calculation method of the efficiency estimation unit 35, and the control method using the efficiency estimation unit 35 is the same as in the first and second embodiments.
- Example 4 differs from the first embodiment in the efficiency estimation method in the efficiency estimation unit 35 .
- the wear amount w of the brake pad can be determined from equation (29).
- this value may be set as the current-thrust conversion ratio ⁇ , but this estimated value is set to ⁇ b, and the motor current value I at Fa is obtained again by equation (31).
- the efficiency estimating unit performs linear motion at an expected current value that generates a specific thrust (a current value calculated from a specific thrust using a value that presumes or assumes the relationship between current and thrust).
- the relationship between the current supplied to the electric motor 8 and the thrust force is estimated based on the relationship between the increase in the current value I of the electric motor with respect to the increase in the position of the part and the current value I of the electric motor.
- Example 5 will be described.
- a fifth embodiment an example will be described in which the temperature of the brake device 1 is used when the efficiency estimation unit 35 estimates the efficiency.
- the rigidity of the brake pads 5a and 5b changes as the temperature changes.
- the relationship between the brake pad thrust force F and the position differentiation obtained by differentiating the brake pad thrust force with respect to the piston position is expressed by the equation (35) with the slope a and The intercept b is expressed as a function of temperature.
- the current-to-thrust conversion ratio ⁇ includes efficiency ⁇ , speed reduction ratio g, rotation-to-linear motion conversion K, and torque constant Kt. Assuming that the motor temperature during the thrust conversion ratio calculation operation is Tm1, ⁇ is expressed as a function of the motor temperature Tm1.
- This embodiment relates to the efficiency calculation method of the efficiency estimator 35, and the control method using the efficiency estimator 35 is the same as in the first and second embodiments.
- the brake pad thrust-to-current command converter 34 obtains the thrust-to-current conversion ratio ⁇ (T0) at the reference temperature T0 with respect to the brake thrust command Fr. If the temperature at which it is desired to actually generate the braking force is (Tm2), it can be converted to the current command Ir using equation (40), and the commanded thrust can be obtained by giving the command to the electric motor. .
- the stiffness table updating unit 39 since the current-position relationship is obtained as a table by the current-position conversion processing unit 40, the current thrust force conversion ratio obtained by the efficiency estimating unit 35 is By multiplying by , the relationship between the stiffness table (thrust force - position) can be calculated, and the stiffness table is updated as needed.
- the efficiency estimation unit 35 of this embodiment estimates the relationship between current and thrust from the temperature difference based on the temperature when the relationship between current and thrust is estimated.
- FIG. 12 is a control block diagram of an electric brake device according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- the electric brake device shown in Embodiment 1 is further provided with a thrust detection unit 44 for detecting the thrust of the brake pads.
- a thrust current control unit 47 is provided for feedback-controlling the motor current value and the detected value of the brake pad thrust in response to the brake thrust command Fr from the host.
- a thrust detection section 44 is provided in addition to the current detection section 31 and the motor position detection section 32. Further, an abnormality detection section 45 for detecting an abnormality of the thrust detection section 44 is provided.
- the brake pad thrust force F can be estimated as Equation (42).
- the brake pad thrust force Fs obtained from the thrust force detection unit 44 is also obtained. Abnormality of the thrust force detection unit 44 is detected by comparing these values. When an abnormality is detected, a signal is given to the host controller to notify the abnormality, and the control method is changed. The control method is changed, for example, to a control method that does not require the thrust detection unit 44 as shown in the first to fourth embodiments.
- an abnormality detection unit 45 is provided for detecting an abnormality in the thrust detection unit 44 from the output value of the thrust detection unit 44 and the output value of the efficiency estimation unit 35.
- the sixth embodiment it is possible to detect an abnormality in the thrust detection unit 44, and it is possible to improve the reliability of the system.
- an electric brake using a disc brake has been described as an example, but in various brakes, such as a drum brake, the piston is operated by an electric motor or the like to press the brake lining against the brake drum, which is a rotating body. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the braking force is generated by
- control block configuration shown in FIG. A configuration may be employed in which the time point is detected by the current value and the motor current is stopped at that time point.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)
- Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
電動モータ8の回転制御は、モータ制御装置11によって行われる。図1では電動モータ8とモータ制御装置11は別体で記載しているが、一体となった構成としてもよい。また、図2に示すように電動モータ8には、駆動時の電流を検出する電流検出部31とモータ位置検出部32を備える。
式(1)により、傾きAと切片Cが求まる。なお、推力が小さい範囲は動作させていないが、電流推力変換比が低い場合、ブレーキパッドが新品の状態では点線55B、摩耗状態では点線55Cのような点線で示す曲線となる。同様に電力推力変換比が高い場合、ブレーキパッドが新品の状態では曲線56B、摩耗状態では56Cのような点線で示す曲線となる。
ここで、Fはブレーキパッド推力、xはピストンストローク、aは比例係数、bは切片を示している。この関係は測定あるいは計算等から予め求めておくことが可能な関係である。なお、ここでは図示しないが、ディスクロータ2が傾いた際なども同様に低推力域ではディスクロータ2の傾きにより異なる特性となるが、高推力域では同等の推力勾配の近似式に乗るものである。
ここでηが効率、gが減速比、Kが回転直動変換比(たとえばリードがLとすると2×π/L)、Ktがトルク定数である。この式(3)を置き換えると、式(4)となる。
αは減速比、回転直動変換比、効率、トルク定数などの要素が含まれた電流推力変換比である。
(5)式と(4)式を(2)式に代入すると、式(6)となる。
また、式(6)を変換すると式(7)となる。
ここで摩擦F0を無視して考えると、式(8)となる。
電流推力変換比算出動作で得られた(1)式と(8)式の切片を比較すると、式(9)となり、電流推力変換比αが求まる。
なお、摩擦F0を無視して考えたが、摩擦力分はそれほど変化がないとして、ある値を設定しておけば、(1)式と(7)式から、式(10)として電流推力変換比αをより正確に求めることができる。
なお、摩擦F0を考慮するための無負荷電流推定部46を設けてもよい。無負荷電流推定部46は、ブレーキパッド5a,5bがディスクロータ2に接触せずギャップがある状態で増力方向あるいは減力方向への動作を実施、その際に流れる電流が無負荷電流値I0であり、以下式(11)の関係がある。
ここで摩擦F0は電動モータ8からピストン6までの間に発生するすべての摩擦が含まれるものであり、直動部での値に換算にしたものである。摩擦F0には速度の関数となる粘性項も含まれるため、予めその関数を求めておくか、若しくは複数の一定回転数vで動作させて無負荷電流値I0(v)として予め求めておくとより好ましい。
一方、式(4)は、
F=α×(I-I0) …(13)
と置き換えられ、式(13)と式(13)の位置微分を(2)式に代入し整理すると、式(14)となる。
以上から式(12)式と(14)式を比較し、式(15)として電流推力変換比αを求めることができる。
また、同様の動作を、推力を減力する方向に動作させても良い。例えば車両が駐車状態であり、十分なブレーキパッド推力が与えられた状態(ブレーキパッド推力F2とする)から、ブレーキ推力を弱める場合(リリース時)にこの動作を行う。これにより、電動モータ8は減少方向(リリース方向)に動作し、ブレーキパッド推力及び電流値が減少する。これにより同様の関係が得られるが一般に正効率と逆効率は一致しないことからリリース時の電流推力変換比αrとして求まる。
また、無負荷電流値I0は無負荷電流推定部46で推定したものが利用可能である。その際、電流制御部33では検出されたモータ電流値Iをフィードバックすることでさらに精度を上げることが可能となる。
wは摩耗量を表す。たとえばa(w),b(w)ともに摩耗量が大きいほど剛性が高く大きい値になる。
また、実施例1と同様に無負荷電流値I0を利用すると、電流推力変換比算出動作では、モータ電流値Iから無負荷電流値I0を引いた値とその位置微分に関して図11に示すような関係を導出することができる。無負荷電流値I0は、電流推力変換比算出時の動作速度を考慮したい値とするとなお精度が良くなる。電流推力変換比が低い場合では実線65のように検出され、電流推力変換比が高い場合では実線66のように検出される。ここから以下のような近似式(19)が得られる。
dI/dx=A×(I-I0)+C …(19)
式(18)と式(19)を比較すると式(20)となり、ブレーキパッド摩耗量wが決定できる。
また、式(21)
b(w)/α=C …(21)
を変換し、α=b(w)/Cとして電流推力変換比αの導出が可能となる。
ここで、式(13)と式(13)の位置微分を代入すると、式(23)となる。
一方、電流推力変換比算出動作では、式(24)の関係が得られる。
各係数を比較すると、式(25)、式(26)となる。
C=b(w)/α …(26)
式(25)、式(26)及びa(w)とb(w)が摩耗量wの関数であることから電流推力変換比α、摩耗量wが求められる。
そうすると、ある特定のブレーキパッド推力FaでのΔF/Δx=a(w)×F+b(w)の関係が得られる(図10の点線)。
また、実施例1と同様の電流推力変換比算出動作を行うことで、あるモータ電流値Iの時点では、式(28)の関係が得られる(図11の点線)。
この際、ブレーキパッド推力Faの電流値Iがわかればよいが、この時点では不明であるため、仮の変換比αT(たとえば、ノミナル値や前回求めたαを利用)から、
I=Fa/αT
の際のAとCを求める。
また、式(30)
b(w)/α=C …(30)
を変換してα=b(w)/Cとし、電流推力変換比αの導出が可能となる。
ここで求めたモータ電流値Iでの式(28)を再度求める。
これにより再度係数を比較し式(29)、式(30)と同様に次式が得られる。
b(w)/α=C …(34)
そして、式(34)を変換し、α=b(w)/Cとして電流推力変換比αの導出が可能となる。
一方、電流推力変換比算出動作におけるブレーキパッド温度をTp1とする。このTp1は、予め推定または測定できているものとする。電流推力変換比算出動作では実施例1の式(12)と同様に式(36)の関係を得ることができる。
一方、電流推力変換比αは効率η、減速比g、回転直動変換K、トルク定数Ktを含んでいるが、その中で特に電動モータ8のトルク定数が温度の影響を受けやすいため、電流推力変換比算出動作時のモータ温度がTm1とすると、αはモータ温度Tm1の関数として表される。
この温度Tのときのトルク定数が基準温度(T0)時のトルク定数がKt0のβ(T)倍であることを事前に把握しておけば、式(38)の関係が得られる。
したがって、基準温度T0での電流推力変換比α(T0)は式(39)として求められる。
本実施例は、効率推定部35の効率算定方法に関するものであり、効率推定部35を用いる制御方法は実施例1、実施例2と同様である。
また、実施例2と同様に剛性テーブル更新部39では、電流-位置変換処理部40で電流-位置の関係がテーブルとして求まっていることから、効率推定部35で求めた電流推力変換比を電流に乗ずることで剛性テーブル(推力―位置)の関係を算出でき、剛性テーブルの随時更新が行われる。
ここから同様に実施例3と同様に電流推力変換比と摩耗量を求めることが可能であり、温度を考慮して摩耗量を求めることが可能である。
ここで、推力検出部44から得られたブレーキパッド推力Fsも求められる。これらの値を比較することで推力検出部44の異常を検知する。異常を検知した場合は、上位制御装置に異常を知らせる信号を与え、制御方法の変更を行う。制御方法の変更はたとえば、実施例1から実施例4に示したような推力検出部44が不要な制御方法に変更する。
Claims (10)
- 電動モータと、前記電動モータの回転により移動する直動部と、前記直動部の移動によって発生する推力で車輪と共に回転するディスクロータを押圧するブレーキパッドと、前記電動モータの回転を制御するモータ制御装置を備えた電動ブレーキ装置において、
前記モータ制御装置は、前記直動部の位置の増加に対する前記電動モータの電流値の増加と、前記電動モータの電流値との関係に基づいて、前記電動モータへ供給する電流と前記推力の関係を推定する効率推定部を備えることを特徴とする電動ブレーキ装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記効率推定部は、車両が駐車状態から、前記電動モータにアプライ方向に動作させることによって、アプライ時の前記電流と前記推力の関係を推定することを特徴とする電動ブレーキ装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記効率推定部は、車両が駐車状態から、前記電動モータにリリース方向に動作させる指令を与えることによって、リリース時の前記電流と前記推力の関係を推定することを特徴とする電動ブレーキ装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記モータ制御装置は、前記効率推定部で得られた前記電流と前記推力の関係と、上位制御装置からのブレーキ推力指令に基づいて前記電動モータに電流を供給する電流制御部を備えることを特徴とする電動ブレーキ装置。 - 請求項4において、
前記モータ制御装置は、前記効率推定部で得られた前記電流と前記推力の関係と、上位制御装置からのブレーキ推力指令に基づいて前記電流制御部へ電流指令値を出力するブレーキパッド推力―電流指令変換部を備えることを特徴とする電動ブレーキ装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記モータ制御装置は、ブレーキ動作時における前記電動モータの電流値と前記直動部の位置との関係を剛性テーブルとしてテーブル化する電流-位置変換処理部と、前記電流-位置変換処理部と前記効率推定部に基づいて、前記剛性テーブルのデータを更新する剛性テーブル更新部を備えることを特徴とする電動ブレーキ装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記効率推定部は、モータ電流値と無負荷電流値から前記ブレーキパッドの摩耗量を推定することを特徴とする電動ブレーキ装置。 - 請求項1乃至7の何れか1項において、
前記効率推定部は、前記電流と前記推力の関係が推定されたときの温度を基に、温度の違いから電流と推力の関係を推定することを特徴とする電動ブレーキ装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記モータ制御装置は、前記ブレーキパッドの推力を検出する推力検出部と、前記推力検出部の出力値と前記効率推定部の出力値から前記推力検出部の異常を検知する異常検知部を備えることを特徴とする電動ブレーキ装置。 - 電動モータと、前記電動モータの回転により移動する直動部と、前記直動部の移動によって発生する推力で車輪と共に回転するディスクロータを押圧するブレーキパッドと、前記電動モータの回転を制御するモータ制御装置を備えた電動ブレーキ装置において、
前記モータ制御装置は、特定の推力を発生する見込み電流値での前記直動部の位置の増加に対する前記電動モータの電流値の増加と、前記電動モータの電流値の関係に基づいて、前記電動モータへ供給する電流と前記推力の関係を推定する効率推定部を備え、
前記見込み電流値は、電流と推力の関係を事前に推定あるいは仮定した値を用いて特定の推力から算出された電流値であることを特徴とする電動ブレーキ装置。
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22895379.0A EP4434830A4 (en) | 2021-11-19 | 2022-10-26 | ELECTRIC BRAKE DEVICE |
| CN202280071205.1A CN118139771A (zh) | 2021-11-19 | 2022-10-26 | 电动制动装置 |
| KR1020247015323A KR102889484B1 (ko) | 2021-11-19 | 2022-10-26 | 전동 브레이크 장치 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2021188480A JP7720233B2 (ja) | 2021-11-19 | 2021-11-19 | 電動ブレーキ装置 |
| JP2021-188480 | 2021-11-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2023090095A1 true WO2023090095A1 (ja) | 2023-05-25 |
Family
ID=86396768
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2022/039887 Ceased WO2023090095A1 (ja) | 2021-11-19 | 2022-10-26 | 電動ブレーキ装置 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4434830A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP7720233B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR102889484B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN118139771A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2023090095A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118405112A (zh) * | 2024-07-02 | 2024-07-30 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Epb电机异常诊断方法及存储介质、控制器、车辆 |
| WO2025078190A1 (de) * | 2023-10-10 | 2025-04-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum erkennen eines dynamischen einschlags eines motorisierten bremsaktuators, bremsaktuator für ein bremsystem sowie bremssystem für ein fahrzeug |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003106355A (ja) * | 2001-09-28 | 2003-04-09 | Tokico Ltd | 電動ブレーキ装置 |
| JP2008049800A (ja) * | 2006-08-24 | 2008-03-06 | Hitachi Ltd | 電動ブレーキ装置およびその制御方法 |
| JP2012159134A (ja) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-23 | Hitachi Automotive Systems Ltd | 電動ブレーキ装置 |
| JP2018057065A (ja) | 2016-09-26 | 2018-04-05 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 電動アクチュエータ制御装置及び電動パーキングブレーキ装置 |
| JP2018095072A (ja) * | 2016-12-13 | 2018-06-21 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電動ブレーキシステムおよび押圧力・電流特性設定方法 |
| JP2018118524A (ja) | 2017-01-23 | 2018-08-02 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 電動パーキングブレーキ装置、及びブレーキ装置 |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5582293B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-31 | 2014-09-03 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 電動ブレーキ装置 |
-
2021
- 2021-11-19 JP JP2021188480A patent/JP7720233B2/ja active Active
-
2022
- 2022-10-26 EP EP22895379.0A patent/EP4434830A4/en active Pending
- 2022-10-26 KR KR1020247015323A patent/KR102889484B1/ko active Active
- 2022-10-26 CN CN202280071205.1A patent/CN118139771A/zh active Pending
- 2022-10-26 WO PCT/JP2022/039887 patent/WO2023090095A1/ja not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003106355A (ja) * | 2001-09-28 | 2003-04-09 | Tokico Ltd | 電動ブレーキ装置 |
| JP2008049800A (ja) * | 2006-08-24 | 2008-03-06 | Hitachi Ltd | 電動ブレーキ装置およびその制御方法 |
| JP2012159134A (ja) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-23 | Hitachi Automotive Systems Ltd | 電動ブレーキ装置 |
| JP2018057065A (ja) | 2016-09-26 | 2018-04-05 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 電動アクチュエータ制御装置及び電動パーキングブレーキ装置 |
| JP2018095072A (ja) * | 2016-12-13 | 2018-06-21 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電動ブレーキシステムおよび押圧力・電流特性設定方法 |
| JP2018118524A (ja) | 2017-01-23 | 2018-08-02 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 電動パーキングブレーキ装置、及びブレーキ装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of EP4434830A4 |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2025078190A1 (de) * | 2023-10-10 | 2025-04-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum erkennen eines dynamischen einschlags eines motorisierten bremsaktuators, bremsaktuator für ein bremsystem sowie bremssystem für ein fahrzeug |
| CN118405112A (zh) * | 2024-07-02 | 2024-07-30 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Epb电机异常诊断方法及存储介质、控制器、车辆 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN118139771A (zh) | 2024-06-04 |
| JP2023075524A (ja) | 2023-05-31 |
| KR102889484B1 (ko) | 2025-11-24 |
| EP4434830A4 (en) | 2025-08-20 |
| JP7720233B2 (ja) | 2025-08-07 |
| KR20240089455A (ko) | 2024-06-20 |
| EP4434830A1 (en) | 2024-09-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US8833526B2 (en) | Electric brake apparatus | |
| EP1954538B1 (en) | Controller for electromechanical braking system with running clearance adjustment and method | |
| JP5206952B2 (ja) | ディスクブレーキ装置 | |
| US9902378B2 (en) | Brake system | |
| WO2023090095A1 (ja) | 電動ブレーキ装置 | |
| KR101501533B1 (ko) | 전기기계 브레이크의 마모 보상을 위한 모터 제어 시스템 및 그 제어 방법 | |
| JP7061681B2 (ja) | 電動ブレーキおよび制御装置 | |
| US11932224B2 (en) | Brake control device and brake system | |
| US12097833B2 (en) | Electric brake, and control device | |
| JP4463812B2 (ja) | 電動ブレーキ | |
| US20240400031A1 (en) | Control system for individual actuation of brake caliper pistons | |
| CN111002964A (zh) | 电动制动装置 | |
| JP2003202042A (ja) | 電動ディスクブレーキおよびその制御プログラム | |
| JP7017940B2 (ja) | 電動式アクチュエータおよび電動ブレーキ装置 | |
| JP7795976B2 (ja) | 電動ブレーキ装置 | |
| JP7178483B2 (ja) | 電動ブレーキ装置 | |
| JP4215856B2 (ja) | 電動ブレーキ装置 | |
| JP4233935B2 (ja) | ブレーキ装置 | |
| JP7116551B2 (ja) | 電動ブレーキ装置および電動ブレーキシステム | |
| JP6906398B2 (ja) | 電動ブレーキ装置 | |
| JP2005106154A (ja) | ブレーキ装置 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 22895379 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 202280071205.1 Country of ref document: CN |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20247015323 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 18711060 Country of ref document: US |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2022895379 Country of ref document: EP |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2022895379 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20240619 |