WO2023093759A1 - 电芯单元、电池和车辆 - Google Patents

电芯单元、电池和车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023093759A1
WO2023093759A1 PCT/CN2022/133706 CN2022133706W WO2023093759A1 WO 2023093759 A1 WO2023093759 A1 WO 2023093759A1 CN 2022133706 W CN2022133706 W CN 2022133706W WO 2023093759 A1 WO2023093759 A1 WO 2023093759A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
cell
conductive sheet
tab
bracket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/133706
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭永明
郎晓强
陈威
周燕飞
陈耀磊
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BYD Co Ltd filed Critical BYD Co Ltd
Priority to KR1020247006108A priority Critical patent/KR20240035878A/ko
Priority to EP22897842.5A priority patent/EP4379929A4/en
Priority to AU2022397673A priority patent/AU2022397673B2/en
Priority to JP2024513109A priority patent/JP7799044B2/ja
Priority to CA3232316A priority patent/CA3232316A1/en
Publication of WO2023093759A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023093759A1/zh
Priority to US18/608,529 priority patent/US20240222811A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/258Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/211Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/503Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the interconnectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/509Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the type of connection, e.g. mixed connections
    • H01M50/51Connection only in series
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/536Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

Definitions

  • Traditional pouch batteries are assembled by stacking and fixing multiple battery cells in a single dimension. This single-dimensional stacking connection method is not conducive to the improvement of the overall battery capacity.
  • the cells of the traditional pouch battery are crimped through the connecting piece, and then fixedly connected by bolts, so as to realize the connection between the cells, the assembly is complicated, and the assembly efficiency is low.
  • the cells need to be bound by steel belts after stacking, so there are many components and high cost.
  • the content of the present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.
  • a battery unit including:
  • the bracket includes a bracket body and a conductive sheet mounted on the bracket body; at least one tab extension hole is provided on the bracket body, and the tab of the battery core passes through the tab extension hole and connected to the conductive sheet; the cell module further includes a support and fixer, and the support and fixer is arranged between the brackets at both ends of the at least one cell group.
  • the at least one cell group is a cell group
  • the brackets are arranged at both ends of the one cell group, and each of the brackets is provided with one conductive sheet;
  • a plurality of conductive sheets are provided on each support; the number of the conductive sheets is the same as the number of the plurality of battery packs; the polarity of the adjacent conductive sheets arranged along the first direction on the contrary;
  • the cell unit also includes an intermediate connecting sheet; a conductive sheet of the cell module is connected to a conductive sheet of an adjacent cell module through the intermediate connecting sheet;
  • the tail connection piece is integrally formed with a plurality of the conductive pieces on the bracket.
  • the bracket body is provided with an elastic key
  • the conductive sheet is provided with a hole corresponding to the elastic key
  • the conductive sheet is installed through the hole and the elastic key. on the bracket body.
  • the bracket body 121 is provided with tab extension holes 1211, the tab extension holes 1211 are set corresponding to the tabs 112 of the battery cell 111, and the number of tab extension holes 1211 is the same as that of the battery cell.
  • the number of battery cells 111 in group 11 is the same.
  • the tabs 112 of the plurality of battery cells 111 in the battery pack 11 are connected to the conductive sheet 122 through the corresponding tab extension holes 1211 .
  • the connection method between the tab 112 and the conductive sheet 122 may be welding or other connection methods.
  • the bracket body 121 has a first side 1216, a second side 1217 and a third side 1218, the first side 1216 of the bracket body 121 is the side close to the battery 111, the second side 1217 of the bracket body 121
  • the third side 1218 of the bracket body 121 is a side parallel to the direction in which the battery tab 112 is pulled out, and is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the first conductive sheet 1221 is disposed on the second side 1217 of the support body 121 ; the second conductive sheet 1222 is disposed on the third side 1218 of the support body 121 .
  • the supporting limiting slot 1212 is disposed on the first side 1216 of the bracket body 121 .
  • the tab 112 of the battery cell 111 of the battery pack 11 is welded to the first conductive sheet 1221 after passing through the tab extension hole 1211 and the tab escape hole 1223 .
  • the first conductive sheet 1221 is also provided with a snap-in recess 1225, and the bracket body 121 is provided with a snap-in convex key 1214 corresponding to the snap-in recess 1225.
  • the engaging concave position 1225 of the first conductive sheet 1221 is engaged with the engaging convex key 1214 of the bracket body 121 to further ensure the connection stability between the conductive sheet 122 and the bracket body 121 .
  • the cell unit 1 includes a plurality of cell modules 10 connected in series, and the cell module 10 includes a plurality of cell groups 11 and brackets 12 disposed at both ends of the cell group 11 .
  • a plurality of battery packs 11 are arranged along the first direction.
  • a plurality of conductive sheets 122 are disposed on the bracket 12 ; the number of the conductive sheets 122 is the same as the number of the cell pack 11 ; the polarities of the adjacent conductive sheets 122 arranged along the first direction are opposite.
  • the conductive sheet 122 of one cell module 10 is connected to the conductive sheet 122 of another adjacent cell module 10 through the intermediate connecting sheet 13 .
  • the battery unit 1 also includes a tail connecting piece 14 installed on the bracket 12 of the battery module 10 as the end of the battery unit 1 .
  • the tail connection piece 14 can connect the different polarities of the battery module 10 as the end of the battery unit 1 , so as to realize the connection of the whole battery unit in series.
  • the tail connecting piece 14 can specifically be a transverse connecting piece, or a straight connecting piece.
  • the tail connection piece 14 is connected to a plurality of conductive pieces on the bracket 12 . Further, as shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , the tail connection piece 14 and the plurality of conductive pieces 122 on the bracket 12 can be integrally formed. As shown in FIG. 11 , there are two tail connecting pieces 14 .
  • the specific number of the tail connecting piece 14 is not limited thereto.
  • the cell module 10 includes two sets of cell groups 11 and brackets 12 arranged at both ends of the cell groups 11 .
  • the number of battery packs 11 is not limited thereto, and can be increased according to actual needs.
  • the cell module 10 includes a first cell group 113 and a second cell group 114 , and the first cell group 113 Both the battery pack and the second battery pack 114 include a plurality of battery cells 111 .
  • the cell modules 10 connected in series in this application can be arranged according to actual needs.
  • the battery pack 11 is assembled into a battery module 10 to become a standardized battery module 10, which can be further connected in series to form battery units of different sizes according to actual needs, thereby forming batteries of different sizes.
  • the battery unit of the present application is easy to install, has high group efficiency, and the space utilization rate in the battery shell is extremely high, which can be as high as 98%.
  • the battery modules that make up the battery unit are highly reproducible, making it easy to form battery packs with different arrangements and standards.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

一种电芯单元(1)、电池(3)、及车辆,车辆或电池(3)包括电芯单元(1)。电芯单元(1)包括电芯模块(10),电芯模块(10)为多个且串联连接。电芯模块(10)包括至少一个电芯组(11)以及设置于至少一个电芯组(11)两端的支架(12)。每个电芯组(11)包括沿第一方向堆叠设置的多个电芯(111),多个电芯(111)并联连接。第一方向为电芯(111)的厚度方向。支架(12)包括支架本体(121)以及安装于支架本体(121)上的导电片(122)。支架本体(121)上设置有至少一个极耳伸出孔(1211),电芯(111)的极耳(112)穿过极耳伸出孔(1211)并与导电片(122)连接。电芯模块(10)还包括支撑固定件(15),支撑固定件(15)设置于至少一个电芯组(11)两端的支架(12)之间。

Description

电芯单元、电池和车辆
本申请要求于2021年11月24日提交中国专利局、申请号为202122922163.3、申请名称为“一种电芯单元、电池和汽车”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域,具体地,涉及一种电芯单元、电池和车辆。
背景技术
传统软包电池是将多个电芯单元在单一维度上进行堆叠并固定组装而成。这种单一维度的堆叠连接方式不利于整体电池容量的提升。此外,传统软包电池的电芯通过连接片压接后,再通过螺栓固定连接,从而实现电芯之间的连接,装配复杂,组装效率低。另外,电芯堆叠后需要通过钢带束缚,部件多,成本高。
发明内容
本申请内容旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。
为此,本申请一实施例公开一种电芯单元,包括:
电芯模块,所述电芯模块为多个且串联连接;
所述电芯模块包括至少一个电芯组以及设置于所述至少一个电芯组两端的支架;
每个所述电芯组包括沿第一方向堆叠设置的多个电芯,多个所述电芯并联连接;所述第一方向为所述电芯的厚度方向;
其特征在于:
所述支架包括支架本体以及安装于所述支架本体上的导电片;所述支架本体上设置有至少一个极耳伸出孔,所述电芯的极耳穿过所述极耳伸出孔并与所述导电片连接;所述电芯模块还包括支撑固定件,所述支撑固定件设置于所述至少一个电芯组两端的支架之间。
在一些实施例中,所述导电片包括第一导电片和第二导电片;所述第一导电片和所述第二导电片相互连接且呈一定角度设置;所述第一导电片和所述第二导电片之间设置极耳避让孔;所述电芯的极耳依次穿过所述极耳伸出孔、所述极耳避让孔后与所述第一导电片连接。
在一些实施例中,所述支架本体具有第一侧面、第二侧面和第三侧面;所述第一侧面为靠近所述电芯的一面,所述第二侧面为与所述第一侧面相对设置的、远离所述电芯的一面,所述第三侧面为与所述电芯的极耳引出方向平行并且与所述第一方向垂直的一面;所述第一导电片设置于所述第二侧面上;所述第二导电片设置于所述第三侧面上。
在一些实施例中,所述支架本体上设置有支撑限位槽,所述支撑固定件插入所述支撑限位槽内。
在一些实施例中,所述支撑限位槽为V型槽;所述支撑固定件为铝板。
在一些实施例中,所述电芯单元还包括中间连接片;所述中间连接片分别与相邻所述电芯模块的所述支架上的所述第二导电片连接,其中,相邻所述电芯模块通过所述中间连接片实现串联。
在一些实施例中,所述支撑固定件与所述电芯组沿所述第一方向堆叠排布;所述支撑固定件上设置有胶层,所述支撑固定件与所述电芯组通过所述胶层粘接。
在一些实施例中,所述支架本体与所述导电片通过卡接结构连接。
在一些实施例中,所述至少一个电芯组为一个电芯组,所述支架设置在所述一个电芯组两端,每个所述支架上设置有一个所述导电片;
一所述电芯模块的第一极性的所述导电片与相邻所述电芯模块的第二极性的所述导电片通过所述中间连接片连接。
在一些实施例中,所述至少一个电芯组为多个电芯组,所述多个电芯组沿所述第一方向排布设置,所述支架设置在所述多个电芯组两端;
每个所述支架上设置有多个所述导电片;所述导电片的数量与所述多个电芯组的数量相同;沿所述第一方向布置的相邻所述导电片的极性相反;
所述电芯单元还包括中间连接片;一所述电芯模块的导电片与相邻所述电芯模块的导电片通过所述中间连接片连接;
所述电芯单元还包括尾部连接片,所述尾部连接片安装在作为所述电芯单元端部的所述电芯模块的所述支架上。
在一些实施例中,所述尾部连接片与所述支架上的多个所述导电片一体成型。
在一些实施例中,所述支架本体上设置有绝缘分隔部,所述绝缘分隔部设置于不同电芯组连接的所述导电片之间。
在一些实施例中,所述极耳穿过所述极耳伸出孔后进行折弯形成折弯部,所述折弯部与所述导电片焊接连接。
在一些实施例中,所述支架本体上设置有弹性卡键,所述导电片设置有与所述弹性卡键对应的卡孔,所述导电片通过所述卡孔和所述弹性卡键安装在所述支架本体上。
本申请实施例公开的电芯单元由电芯模块串联形成,而电芯模块则至少由一个电芯组组成并通过支架组装和固定。串联的电芯模块可以根据实际需要设置。电芯组组装成电芯模块后成为标准化电芯模块,可以根据实际需要进一步任意串联形成不同尺寸的电芯单元,进而形成不同尺寸的电池。本申请实施例电芯单元安装简单,成组效率高,且在电池壳内的空间利用率极高,可以高达98%。此外,组成电芯单元的电芯模块可复制性高,便于形成不同排布和标准的电池包。
本申请一实施例还公开一种电池,包括壳体,其特征在于:所述电池还包括本申请实施例所述的电芯单元,所述电芯单元收容于所述壳体中。
本申请一实施例还公开一种车辆,其特征在于:所述车辆包括本申请实施例所述的电芯单元以及用于容置所述电芯单元的底盘结构。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一实施例提供的电池结构示意图。
图2为本申请一实施例提供的电芯单元的结构示意图。
图3为图2中A处的局部放大图。
图4为本申请一实施例提供的电芯模块的结构示意图。
图5为本申请一实施例提供的电芯模块的爆炸图。
图6为本申请一实施例相邻电芯模块未连接时的结构示意图。
图7为本申请一实施例提供的支架结构示意图。
图8为本申请一实施例提供的支架爆炸图。
图9为本申请一实施例提供的图4中电芯模块沿A-A线的剖视图。
图10为本申请一实施例提供的电芯单元的另一结构示意图。
图11为本申请一实施例提供的作为电芯单元端部的电芯模块的支架爆炸图。
附图标记
1、电芯单元;2、壳体;3、电池;
10、电芯模块;11、电芯组;12、支架;13、中间连接片;14、尾部连接片;15、支撑固定件
111、电芯;112、极耳;113、第一电芯组;114、第二电芯组;
121、支架本体;122、导电片;123、第一支架;124、第二支架;
1211、极耳伸出孔;1212、支撑限位槽;1213、弹性卡键;1214、卡接凸键;1215、绝缘分隔部;1216、第一侧面;1217、第二侧面;1218、第三侧面;
1221、第一导电片;1222;第二导电片;1223、极耳避让孔;1224、卡孔;1225、卡接凹位。
具体实施方式
下面将详细描述本申请各个方面的特征和示例性实施例。在下面的详细描述中,提出了许多具体细节,以便提供对本申请的全面理解。但是,对本领域技术人员来说明显的是,下面对实施例的描述仅仅是为了通过示例来帮助对本申请的理解。在附图和下面的描述中,至少部分的公知结构和技术没有被示出,以避免对本申请造成不必要的干扰。为了清晰显示相关部件,可能放大相关结构的尺寸。此外,下文中所描述的特征、结构或特性可以以任何合适的方式结合在一个或更多实施例中。
如图2所述,本申请电芯单元1包括多个串联连接的电芯模块10,电芯模块10包括至少一个电芯组11以及设置于电芯组11两端部的支架12。电芯组11包括沿第一方向堆叠设置的多个电芯111,电芯111具有极耳112,第一方向为电芯111的厚度方向。电芯组11中的多个电芯111并联连接。电芯组11的端部为电芯组11沿第二方向的端部,第二方向为电芯111的极耳112的引出方向。如图7和图8所示,支架12包括支架本体121以及安装于支架本体121上的导电片122。电芯组11的多个电芯111并联且与支架12上的导电片122连接,相邻两个电芯模块10的支架12上的导电片122连接,进而实现相邻两个电芯模块10之间的串联。
如图6、图8所示,支架本体121上开设有极耳伸出孔1211,极耳伸出孔1211与电芯111的极耳112对应设置,极耳伸出孔1211的数量与电芯组11的电芯111的数量相同。电芯组11中多个电芯111的极耳112穿过对应的极耳伸出孔1211与导电片122连接。极耳112与导电片122的连接方式可以是焊接或其他连接方式。为了保证极耳112与导电片122连接的可靠性,极耳112穿过对应的极耳伸出孔1211后进行折弯形成折弯部,折弯部与导电片122进行焊接。另一种实施方式,极耳伸出孔1211的数量可以与电芯组11的数量相同,电芯组11中的多个电芯111的极耳首先焊 接在一起形成汇合极耳,实现并联连接后再穿过极耳伸出孔1211与导电片122连接。
如图4、图5所示,电芯模块10还包括支撑固定件15,支撑固定件15设置于电芯组11两端的支架12之间,以实现支架12的支撑以及固定。如图9所示,支架12上设置有支撑限位槽1212,支撑固定件15插入支撑限位槽1212中实现了电芯组11两端支架12的支撑与固定,进而使电芯组11和支架12形成一个结构稳定的电芯模块10。具体的,支撑固定件15为一铝板,支撑限位槽1212为V型槽。可以理解,支撑固定件也可以采用其他金属板。V型槽的设计更有利于支撑固定件15的夹紧固定。为了实现更好的固定支撑以及散热效果,支撑固定件15与电芯111堆叠面的形状大小相同。其中,电芯111堆叠面与第一方向垂直。此外,支撑固定件15还可以避免电芯111的极耳112在其引出方向上的冲击和振动。支撑固定件15对电芯组11两端的支架12进行限位,也避免了支架12窜动对极耳112造成损坏。支撑固定件15上设置有胶层,支撑固定件15通过胶层与电芯组11粘接。当电芯模块10包含多个电芯组11时,相邻两个电芯组11之间均可设置支撑固定件15,支撑固定件15可两面均设置胶层,支撑固定件15通过胶层与与其相邻的电芯组11粘接。胶层优选为热熔胶,可以理解胶层的材料选择不限于此。胶层可以根据实际需要设置,例如仅设置在支撑固定件15一面,或是支撑固定件15一面的部分区域或全部区域,或是支撑固定件15两面的部分区域或全部区域。支撑固定件15除了起到支撑固定的作用,还可以将与其粘接的电芯组11工作时的热量传递至外部铝壳上,铝壳进一步将热量传递至冷却装置上进而使电池温度保持在一个合适的范围内。
如图8所示,导电片122包括第一导电片1221以及与第一导电片1221连接的第二导电片1222。第一导电片1221和第二导电片1222相互连接且呈一定角度设置。可以理解,第一导电片1221与第二导电片1222可以采用焊接等常规方式实现连接,也可以一体成型。第一导电片1221和第二导电片1222之间设置有极耳避让孔1223。极耳避让孔1223与极耳伸出孔1211对应设置。第一导电片1221与第二导电片1222连接处设置极耳避让孔1223。若第一导电片1221与第二导电片1222一体成型时,极耳避让孔1223设置于第一导电片1221与第二导电片1222弯折处。优选的,第一导电片1221与第二导电片1222垂直设置。在其他实施例中,第一导电片1221与第二导电片1222之间可以呈非直角设置。电芯111的极耳112依次穿过极耳伸出孔1211、极耳避让孔1223后与第一导电片1221连接。
如图5及图7所示,支架本体121具有第一侧面1216,第二侧面1217和第三侧面1218,支架本体121第一侧面1216为靠近电芯111的一面,支架本体121第二侧面1217为与第一侧面1216相对设置的、远离电芯111的一面,支架本体121的第三侧面1218为与电芯极耳112引出方向平行的一面,第三侧面1218与第一方向垂直。第一导电片1221设置于支架本体121的第二侧面1217上;第二导电片1222设置于支架本体121的第三侧面1218上。支撑限位槽1212设置于支架本体121的第一侧面1216上。电芯组11的电芯111的极耳112穿过极耳伸出孔1211、极耳避让孔1223后与第一导电片1221焊接。
如图2和图3所示,电芯单元1还包括中间连接片13,相邻两个电芯模块10通过中间连接片13连接。中间连接片13与相邻两个电芯模块10的第二导电片1222连接,进而使电芯模块10之间形成串联连接。
如图8所示,导电片122与支架本体121通过卡接机构连接。具体的,支架本体121上设置弹性卡键1213,导电片122设置有与弹性卡键1213对应的卡孔1224,用力抵压导电片122的卡孔1224使其卡入弹性卡键1213的外侧进而使导电片122安装在支架本体121上。具体的,卡孔1224设置于第二导电片1222上。为了进一步保证导电片122与支架本体121的安装稳定效果,第一导 电片1221上还设置有卡接凹位1225,支架本体121上设置有与卡接凹位1225对应的卡接凸键1214。第一导电片1221的卡接凹位1225与支架本体121的卡接凸键1214卡接配合,进一步保证了导电片122与支架本体121的连接稳定性。
电芯组11中的多个电芯111之间通过胶层粘接为一体,增加了电芯组11整体的刚性和强度。电芯组11中的电芯111同一极性的极耳从同一方向引出,电芯组11中电芯111同一极性的极耳从同一方向引出后与导电片122连接形成并联关系。电芯111具有第一极性和第二极性。第一极性是负极,第二极性是正极;或第一极性是正极,第二极性是负极。因此,电芯111的极耳112引出后与导电片122连接,导电片122也具有与电芯111的极耳112相同极性,即第一极性或第二极性。因此,由电芯111组成的电芯组11和电芯模块10也具有第一极性和第二极性。一个电芯模块10的第一极性的导电片122与相邻的另一个电芯模块10的第二极性的导电片122连接,进而实现相邻两个电芯模块10的串联连接。一个电芯模块10的第一极性的导电片122与相邻的另一个电芯模块10的第二极性的导电片122通过中间连接片13相连。
如图4和图5所示,电芯模块10包括多个电芯组11时,多个电芯组11沿第一方向排布。相邻电芯组11的极性反向设置。反向设置的含义为,例如其中一电芯组11的第一端为第一极性,第二端为第二极性;则相邻电芯组11的第一端为第二极性,第二端为第一极性。当电芯模块10包含多个电芯组11时,每组电芯组11之间均设置有支撑固定件15。此外,当电芯模块10包含多个电芯组11时,每组电芯组11两端分别连接一导电片122。为了避免相邻电芯组11的反向极性设置引发短路,支架本体121上还设置有绝缘分隔部1215,绝缘分隔部1215设置于不同电芯组11连接的导电片122之间。
本申请一实施例,电芯单元1包括多个串联连接的电芯模块10,电芯模块10包括一个电芯组11以及设置于电芯组11两端的支架12,支架12上设置有一个导电片122。电芯组11中多个电芯111的同一极性极耳112穿过支架12的极耳伸出孔1211、导电片122的极耳避让孔1223后进行弯折并与导电片122连接。中间连接片13连接一电芯组11的一极性的导电片122,同时中间连接片13连接相邻电芯组11的另一极性的导电片122。相邻电芯模块10通过中间连接片13连接实现串联。
本申请一实施例,电芯单元1包括多个串联连接的电芯模块10,电芯模块10包括多个电芯组11以及设置于电芯组11两端的支架12。多个电芯组11沿第一方向排布设置。支架12上设置有多个导电片122;导电片122的数量与电芯组11的数量相同;沿第一方向布置的相邻导电片122的极性相反。一个电芯模块10的导电片122与相邻的另一个电芯模块10的导电片122通过中间连接片13连接。电芯单元1还包括尾部连接片14,尾部连接片14安装在作为电芯单元1端部的电芯模块10的支架12上。尾部连接片14可以将作为电芯单元1端部的电芯模块10的不同的极性进行连接,进而实现整体电芯单元串联的连接。尾部连接片14具体可以为横向连接片,或是一字形连接片。尾部连接片14与支架12上的多个导电片连接。进一步的,如图10和图11所示,尾部连接片14与支架12上的多个导电片122可以一体成型。如图11所示,尾部连接片14为两个。具体尾部连接片14的数量不限于此。
如图4所示,具体的,电芯模块10包括两组电芯组11以及设置于电芯组11两端的支架12。电芯组11的组数不限于此,可以根据实际需要进行增加。如图4和图5所示,以电芯模块10包括两组电芯组11为例说明,电芯模块10包括第一电芯组113和第二电芯组114,第一电芯组113和第二电芯组114均包含多个电芯111。电芯模块10还包括同时设置于第一电芯组113和第二电芯组114两端的支架12,包括第一支架123和第二支架124,第一支架123和第二支架124结构相同, 且相对设置。第一支架123和第二支架124上均设置有两个导电片122。第一电芯组113中多个电芯111的第一极性极耳112穿过第一支架123的极耳伸出孔1211、一导电片122的极耳避让孔1223后进行弯折并与导电片122连接。第二电芯组114中的多个电芯111的第二极性极耳112穿过第一支架123的极耳伸出孔1211、另一导电片122的极耳避让孔1223后进行弯折并与另一导电片122连接。电芯111的极耳112引出后与导电片122的具体连接方式可以是焊接或是其他可实现电连接的连接方式。同时,第一电芯组113中多个电芯111的第二极性极耳112穿过第二支架124的极耳伸出孔1211、一导电片122的极耳避让孔1223后进行弯折并与导电片122连接;第二电芯组114中的多个电芯111的第一极性极耳112穿过第二支架124的极耳伸出孔1211、另一导电片122的极耳避让孔1223后进行弯折并与另一导电片122连接。如图4和图9所示,第一支架123和第二支架124相对布置,第一支架123和第二支架124上设置有支撑限位槽1212,一支撑固定件15插入第一支架123的支撑限位槽1212和第二支架124的支撑限位槽1212中,实现电芯模块10的支撑和固定。支撑固定件15设置于电芯模块10的中间位置,即第一电芯组113和第二电芯组114之间。支撑固定件15为铝板,铝板两面均设置有胶层,铝板通过胶层与第一电芯组113和第二电芯组114粘接。胶层可以根据实际需要设置,例如仅设置在铝板一面,或是铝板一面的部分区域或全部区域,或是铝板两面的部分区域或全部区域。电芯模块10组装完成后,多个相邻电芯模块10之间通过中间连接片13连接。相邻电芯模块10极性相对的端部通过中间连接片13连接。例如,中间连接片13连接一电芯模块10第一极性的导电片122,同时,中间连接片13连接相邻电芯模块10第二极性的导电片122,进而实现相邻电芯模块10中电芯组11的串联。当电芯模块10包含多个电芯组11时,电芯单元1还包括尾部连接片14,尾部连接片14设置于作为电芯单元1尾端的电芯模块10支架12的第二侧面1217上,尾部连接片14将作为电芯单元1端部的电芯模块10的电芯组11的异性极耳连接,进而实现多个电芯模块10的整体串联连接。
本申请串联的电芯模块10可以根据实际需要设置。电芯组11组装成电芯模块10后成为标准化电芯模块10,可以根据实际需要进一步任意串联形成不同尺寸的电芯单元,进而形成不同尺寸的电池。本申请电池单元安装简单,成组效率高,且在电池壳内的空间利用率极高,可以高达98%。此外,组成电芯单元的电芯模块可复制性高,便于形成不同排布和标准的电池包。
如图1所示,本申请还公开一种电池3包括上述任一实施例的电芯单元1以及用于容置电芯单元1的壳体2。本申请还公开一种车辆,包括上述任一实施例电芯单元1以及用于容置电芯单元1的底盘结构。
本申请描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向,并不是对本申请具体结构的限定。此外,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是直接相连,也可以间接相连。对本领域普通技术人员而言,可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对本申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本申请构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此,本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种电芯单元(1),包括:
    电芯模块(10),所述电芯模块(10)为多个且串联连接;
    所述电芯模块(10)包括至少一个电芯组(11)以及设置于所述至少一个电芯组(11)两端的支架(12);每个电芯组(11)包括沿第一方向堆叠设置的多个电芯(111),多个所述电芯(111)并联连接;所述第一方向为所述电芯(111)的厚度方向;
    其特征在于:
    所述支架(12)包括支架本体(121)以及安装于所述支架本体(121)上的导电片(122);所述支架本体(121)上设置有至少一个极耳伸出孔(1211),所述电芯(111)的极耳(112)穿过所述极耳伸出孔(1211)并与所述导电片(122)连接;所述电芯模块(10)还包括支撑固定件(15),所述支撑固定件(15)设置于所述至少一个电芯组(11)两端的支架(12)之间。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电芯单元(1),其特征在于:
    所述导电片(122)包括第一导电片(1221)和第二导电片(1222);所述第一导电片(1221)和所述第二导电片(1222)相互连接且呈一定角度设置;
    所述第一导电片(1221)和所述第二导电片(1222)之间设置极耳避让孔(1223);
    所述电芯(111)的极耳(112)依次穿过所述极耳伸出孔(1211)、所述极耳避让孔(1223)后与所述第一导电片(1221)连接。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的电芯单元(1),其特征在于:
    所述支架本体(121)具有第一侧面(1216)、第二侧面(1217)和第三侧面(1218);所述第一侧面(1216)为靠近所述电芯(111)的一面,所述第二侧面(1217)为与所述第一侧面(1216)相对设置的、远离所述电芯(111)的一面,所述第三侧面(1218)为与所述电芯(111)的极耳引出方向平行并且与所述第一方向垂直的一面;
    所述第一导电片(1221)设置于所述第二侧面(1217)上;所述第二导电片(1222)设置于所述第三侧面(1218)上。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的电芯单元(1),其特征在于,还包括:
    中间连接片(13),分别与相邻电芯模块(10)的所述支架(12)上的所述第二导电片(1222)连接,其中,相邻电芯模块(10)通过所述中间连接片(13)实现串联。
  5. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的电芯单元(1),其特征在于:
    所述支架本体(121)上设置有支撑限位槽(1212),所述支撑固定件(15)插入所述支撑限位槽(1212)内。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的电芯单元(1),其特征在于:
    所述支撑限位槽(1212)为V型槽;所述支撑固定件(15)为铝板。
  7. 如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电芯单元(1),其特征在于:
    所述支撑固定件(15)与所述电芯组(11)沿所述第一方向堆叠排布;
    所述支撑固定件(15)上设置有胶层,所述支撑固定件(15)与所述电芯组(11)通过所述胶层粘接。
  8. 如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的电芯单元(1),其特征在于:
    所述支架本体(121)与所述导电片(122)通过卡接结构连接。
  9. 如权利要求1-3或5-8中任一项所述的电芯单元(1),其特征在于:
    所述至少一个电芯组(11)为一个电芯组(11),所述支架(12)设置在所述一个电芯组(11)两端,每个所述支架(12)上设置有一个所述导电片(122);
    所述电芯单元(1)还包括中间连接片(13);一所述电芯模块(10)的第一极性的所述导电片与相邻所述电芯模块(10)的第二极性的所述导电片(122)通过所述中间连接片(13)连接。
  10. 如权利要求1-3或5-8中任一项所述的电芯单元(1),其特征在于:
    所述至少一个电芯组(11)为多个电芯组(11),所述多个电芯组(11)沿所述第一方向排布设置,所述支架(12)设置在所述多个电芯组(11)两端;
    每个所述支架(12)上设置有多个所述导电片(122);所述导电片(122)的数量与所述多个电芯组(11)的数量相同;沿所述第一方向布置的相邻所述导电片(122)的极性相反;
    所述电芯单元(1)还包括中间连接片(13);一所述电芯模块(10)的导电片(122)与相邻所述电芯模块(10)的导电片(122)通过所述中间连接片(13)连接;
    所述电芯单元(1)还包括尾部连接片(14),所述尾部连接片(14)安装在作为所述电芯单元(1)端部的所述电芯模块(10)的所述支架(12)上。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的电芯单元(1),其特征在于:
    所述尾部连接片(14)与所述支架(12)上的多个所述导电片(122)一体成型。
  12. 如权利要求10或11所述的电芯单元(1),其特征在于:
    所述支架本体(121)上设置有绝缘分隔部(1215),所述绝缘分隔部(1215)设置于不同电芯组(11)连接的所述导电片(122)之间。
  13. 如权利要求1-12中任一项所述的电芯单元(1),其特征在于:
    所述极耳(112)穿过所述极耳伸出孔(1211)后进行折弯形成折弯部,所述折弯部与所述导电片(122)焊接连接。
  14. 如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的电芯单元(1),其特征在于:
    所述支架本体(121)上设置有弹性卡键(1213),所述导电片(122)设置有与所述弹性卡键(1213)对应的卡孔(1224),所述导电片(122)通过所述卡孔(1224)和所述弹性卡键(1213)安装在所述支架本体(121)上。
  15. 一种电池(3),包括壳体(2),其特征在于:所述电池(3)还包括如权利要求1至14中任一项所述的电芯单元(1),所述电芯单元(1)收容于所述壳体(2)中。
  16. 一种车辆,其特征在于:所述车辆包括如权利要求1至14中任一项所述的电芯单元(1)以及用于容置所述电芯单元(1)的底盘结构。
PCT/CN2022/133706 2021-11-24 2022-11-23 电芯单元、电池和车辆 Ceased WO2023093759A1 (zh)

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