WO2023098480A1 - 手术器械 - Google Patents

手术器械 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023098480A1
WO2023098480A1 PCT/CN2022/132536 CN2022132536W WO2023098480A1 WO 2023098480 A1 WO2023098480 A1 WO 2023098480A1 CN 2022132536 W CN2022132536 W CN 2022132536W WO 2023098480 A1 WO2023098480 A1 WO 2023098480A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
handle
assembly
locking
energy
energy switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/132536
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄泽罡
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hocermed Beijing Medical Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Hocermed Beijing Medical Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hocermed Beijing Medical Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Hocermed Beijing Medical Technology Co Ltd
Priority to EP22900285.2A priority Critical patent/EP4424255A4/en
Priority to US18/714,487 priority patent/US20250025225A1/en
Publication of WO2023098480A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023098480A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1442—Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps
    • A61B18/1445—Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps at the distal end of a shaft, e.g. forceps or scissors at the end of a rigid rod
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A61B17/320092—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic with additional movable means for clamping or cutting tissue, e.g. with a pivoting jaw
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B2017/00367—Details of actuation of instruments, e.g. relations between pushing buttons, or the like, and activation of the tool, working tip, or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A61B17/320092—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic with additional movable means for clamping or cutting tissue, e.g. with a pivoting jaw
    • A61B2017/320093—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic with additional movable means for clamping or cutting tissue, e.g. with a pivoting jaw additional movable means performing cutting operation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A61B17/320092—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic with additional movable means for clamping or cutting tissue, e.g. with a pivoting jaw
    • A61B2017/320095—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic with additional movable means for clamping or cutting tissue, e.g. with a pivoting jaw with sealing or cauterizing means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/0091—Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device
    • A61B2018/00916—Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device
    • A61B2018/00922—Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device by switching or controlling the treatment energy directly within the hand-piece
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/0091—Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device
    • A61B2018/00916—Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device
    • A61B2018/0094—Types of switches or controllers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/0091—Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device
    • A61B2018/00916—Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device
    • A61B2018/00958—Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device for switching between different working modes of the main function
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1442—Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps
    • A61B2018/1452—Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps including means for cutting
    • A61B2018/1455—Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps including means for cutting having a moving blade for cutting tissue grasped by the jaws

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure belong to the field of medical instruments, and specifically relate to a surgical instrument.
  • the end effector of a bipolar surgical instrument consists of two openable electrodes that grip the target tissue and close during the procedure, after which electrical energy is applied to the two electrodes to sinter and/or cauterize the target tissue. burn, thereby achieving closure and/or cutting of the target tissue.
  • the end effector of a monopolar surgical instrument includes a source electrode and a return electrode, and through the mechanical clamping action of the two on the target tissue and the application of electrical energy to the source electrode, the target tissue can also be sintered and/or cauterized, thereby achieving the target tissue. closed and/or cut.
  • the end effector of the ultrasonic knife hand includes an ultrasonic knife head and an auxiliary knife head.
  • the ultrasonic knife head and the auxiliary knife head clamp and close the target tissue, and then ultrasonic energy is applied to the ultrasonic knife head to achieve the target tissue. closed and/or cut. That is, there are a large number of surgical instruments whose operation involves both the opening and closing of end effectors and the application of energy to the end effectors.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a surgical instrument, comprising: a handle assembly including a main body, a first handle and a second handle, the first handle is fixedly connected to the main body, and the second handle is movably connected to the main body; an end effector, Connected with the main body of the handle assembly; a first transmission assembly, wherein the second handle, the first transmission assembly and the end effector are configured such that the second handle moves relative to the first handle to drive the first transmission assembly, and then the first transmission assembly drives the end effector; and an energy switch configured to be switchable between an activation position and a release position, wherein the energy switch is configured to be in the Energy is transmitted to the end effector in the activated position, the energy switch is configured so that energy is not transmitted to the end effector in the release position, the energy switch is arranged on the first handle and located at The opposite side of the first handle to the side facing the second handle.
  • the surgical instrument further includes a locking assembly configured to switch between a locked position and an unlocked position, wherein the locking assembly and the energy switch are configured such that the locking assembly is in the locked position When the energy switch is restricted in the release position; the locking assembly and the energy switch are configured such that the energy switch can be switched between an activation position and a release position when the locking assembly is in the unlocking position.
  • the locking assembly is connected to the second handle, and the second handle moves relative to the first handle to drive the locking assembly to switch between the locking position and the unlocking position.
  • the second handle, the end effector and the locking assembly are configured such that: the second handle moves toward the first handle to drive the locking assembly to move to the unlocked position and through the first transmission
  • the component drives the end effector to move to the closed position
  • the second handle moves away from the first handle to drive the locking component to move to the locked position and drives the end effector to the closed position via the first transmission component. Open position movement.
  • the locking assembly includes: a limit lever, a locking lever and a reset element, wherein the limit lever is configured to be switchable between a limit position and a non-limit position;
  • the lock assembly is configured to When the above locked position, the limit lever is at the limit position, and the reset element is in the reset state, the locking lever is pressed between the energy switch and the limit lever so that the energy switch restricted in the release position;
  • the locking assembly is configured such that when the locking assembly is in the unlocked position, the limiting rod is in the non-limiting position, and the end of the locking rod facing the energy switch abuts against the energy switch and the end of the locking rod facing the limit rod does not abut against the limit rod and becomes a free end, so that the energy switch can be switched between the activation position and the release position, wherein, under the action of an external force Next, the energy switch moves from the release position to the activation position and drives the locking rod to move, and the locking rod drives the reset element to produce a deformation that causes an elastic restoring force, and
  • the limit rod is at least partly located in the first handle and on the side of the energy switch facing the second handle and separated from the energy switch by a gap; the locking rod and the The reset element is located in the first handle and at a space between the limit rod and the energy switch, and has an extending direction that intersects with the limit rod and the energy switch respectively.
  • the first handle is provided with a storage structure;
  • the reset element is connected to the locking rod, sleeved on a part of the locking rod and accommodated together with the part of the locking rod
  • the accommodating structure has an opening for the end of the locking rod facing the limit rod to pass through, and in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the locking rod, the The size of the reset element is larger than the size of the opening;
  • the locking rod has a limiting platform, and the limiting platform is located in the accommodating structure and is closer to the energy switch than the reset element.
  • the limit rod is connected with the second handle, the second handle moves toward the first handle to drive the limit rod to move to the non-limit position, and the second handle is away from the The first handle moves to drive the limit rod to move to the limit position.
  • the surgical instrument includes a first chute disposed at least partially within the body of the handle assembly, the first chute having a first end proximate to the first handle and a first end distal to the first handle.
  • the second end of the second handle the part of the second handle that is located in the main body of the handle assembly has a second slideway, and the second slideway is provided on the side of the part facing the first handle , the second chute has a first end close to the second handle and a second end far away from the second handle;
  • the limit rod has a first protrusion and a second protrusion opposite to each other,
  • the first protrusion is slidably connected in the first chute, and the second protrusion is slidably connected in the second chute;
  • the first chute and the first protrusion and the second chute cooperates with the second protrusion so that: the second handle moves toward the first handle, so that the second protrusion moves from the first handle in the second chute
  • the second end of the second chute slides toward the first end of the second chute
  • the extending direction of the first sliding slot coincides with the extending direction of the limiting rod; the extending direction of the second sliding slot intersects the extending direction of the first sliding slot.
  • the surgical instrument further includes a prompt sound shrapnel, which is arranged in the first handle, wherein a third protrusion is arranged on the limit rod; the second handle moves toward the first handle to move the When the limit rod is driven to the non-limit position, the third protrusion triggers the beep shrapnel to emit a beep.
  • a prompt sound shrapnel which is arranged in the first handle, wherein a third protrusion is arranged on the limit rod; the second handle moves toward the first handle to move the When the limit rod is driven to the non-limit position, the third protrusion triggers the beep shrapnel to emit a beep.
  • the energy switch has an activation protrusion protruding toward the inside of the first handle; a circuit switch is arranged inside the first handle; the energy switch is configured such that the activation protrusion presses the circuit switch is such that the circuit switch conducts an energy path from the energy source to the end effector so that energy is transferred from the energy source to the end effector, the energy switch is further configured to be in the released position
  • the activation protrusion is spaced apart from the circuit switch such that the circuit switch cannot conduct an energy path from the energy source to the end effector so that energy cannot be transferred from the energy source to the end effector.
  • the power switch is used as part of the housing of the first handle.
  • the energy switch has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along its extending direction, and the second end is closer to the main body of the handle assembly than the first end;
  • the direction from the first end to the second end of the energy switch includes a first part and a second part, the second part is closer to the main body of the handle assembly than the first part, and the second part is connected to the
  • the first part is integrally formed and bent from the first part in a direction away from the first handle; at any position of the first part, the cross section of the first part perpendicular to the extending direction of the energy switch is arched , and along the direction from the second end to the first end of the energy switch, the height of the arch increases.
  • the second portion is bent so that its end close to the main body of the handle assembly matches the outer contour of the main body of the handle assembly.
  • the energy switch has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along its extending direction, and the second end is closer to the main body of the handle assembly than the first end;
  • the second end is provided with a card slot, and a pivot is provided in the first handle, and the card slot is locked on the pivot and can rotate around the pivot; at the first end of the energy switch
  • the first engaging structure A clamping structure and the second clamping structure are clamped to each other, and when the energy switch is switched between the activation position and the release position, the first clamping structure moves relative to the second clamping structure to move away from or close to the second clamping structure. Describe the second handle.
  • the first handle has a first half shell and a second half shell, the first half shell and the second half shell are connected to each other to define a chamber and a groove outside the chamber, the pivot and the second engaging structure are located in the chamber, the bottom of the groove is provided with a first opening and a second opening, the engaging groove is engaged with the pivot through the first opening and the The first engaging structure is engaged with the second engaging structure through the second opening to connect the energy switch to the first handle and cover the groove.
  • the side of the first handle facing the second handle does not have a deformable structure under pressing action.
  • the surgical instrument includes a reset mechanism;
  • the end effector includes a first arm and a second arm that can be opened and closed;
  • the second handle, the first transmission assembly, the reset mechanism and the end effector The device is configured as follows: the second handle moves toward the first handle under the action of an external force to drive the first transmission assembly, and then the reset mechanism produces a deformation that causes an elastic restoring force and the first transmission assembly drives the The first arm and the second arm of the end effector are closed; and the external force is canceled, and the reset mechanism resets under the action of the elastic restoring force and drives the first transmission assembly to move, thereby driving the second handle moving away from the first handle and causing the first and second arms of the end effector to open.
  • the surgical instrument also includes a blade and a second transmission assembly, the blade is connected to the end of the second transmission assembly facing the end effector;
  • the handle assembly also includes a third handle, the A third handle is movably connected to the body of the handle assembly, the third handle, the second transmission assembly and the blade are configured such that the third handle moves relative to the first handle to Drive the second transmission assembly, and then the second transmission assembly drives the blade to move toward or away from the end effector.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a surgical instrument provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of part A of the surgical instrument shown in Fig. 1, wherein the second handle is in the initial state, the energy switch is in the release position, and the third handle is in the initial state;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of part A of the surgical instrument shown in Fig. 1, wherein the second handle is pressed to the first handle, the energy switch is in the release position, and the third handle is in the initial state;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of part A of the surgical instrument shown in Fig. 1, wherein the second handle is pressed to the first handle, the energy switch is in the activated position, and the third handle is in the initial state;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of part A of the surgical instrument shown in Fig. 1, wherein the second handle is pressed to the first handle, the energy switch is in the activated position, and the third handle is in the state of pushing the knife;
  • Fig. 6 is an exploded schematic diagram of part B of the surgical instrument shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 7a is an overall schematic diagram of the energy switch of the surgical instrument shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 7b is a schematic diagram of the external structure of part A of the surgical instrument shown in Fig. 1, wherein the first handle is not equipped with an energy switch;
  • Fig. 8 is another overall schematic diagram of a surgical instrument provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the surgical instrument of the embodiment of the present disclosure can also be used in traditional open surgical procedures, and the surgical instrument of the embodiment of the present disclosure can also be a monopolar electric knife, an ultrasonic knife, or any operation involving the opening and closing of the end effector and the application of energy of surgical instruments.
  • a surgical instrument includes: a handle assembly including a main body 10, a first handle 31 and a second handle 32, wherein the first handle 31 is fixedly connected to the main body 10, and the second handle 32 is movably Connected to the main body 10; the end effector 21 is connected to the main body 10 of the handle assembly; the first transmission assembly 41, wherein the second handle 32, the first transmission assembly 41 and the end effector 21 are configured such that the second handle 32 is relatively
  • the first handle 31 moves to drive the first transmission assembly 41, and then the first transmission assembly 41 drives the end effector 21; and the energy switch 50 is configured to be switchable between an activation position and a release position, wherein the energy switch 50 is configured as Energy is transmitted to the end effector 21 when in the activated position, and the energy switch 50 is configured such that energy is not transmitted to the end effect
  • the energy switch 50 is located on the opposite side of the first handle 31 facing the second handle 32 , that is, the energy switch 50 and the second handle 32 are respectively located on opposite sides of the first handle 31 .
  • the operator holds the first handle 31 with a single-hand grip; by setting the energy switch 50 and the second handle 32 on opposite sides of the first handle 31, the operator can Fingers press the second handle 32 to the first handle 31 to operate the second handle 32, and press the energy switch 50 to the first handle 31 to operate the energy switch 50 through the palm of the single hand.
  • the second handle 32 The relative movement with the energy switch 50 matches the relative movement of the fingers and the palm when one hand is in the grip position, so that the operation process of the surgical instrument matches the operator's single-hand holding action, which is more ergonomic and more convenient to operate.
  • the energy switch 50 is arranged on the first handle 31, on the one hand, it can make the structure of the surgical instrument more compact and simple, on the other hand, it is more convenient to press the palm of the hand holding the first handle 31 to control The energy switch 50 increases the convenience of operation.
  • first handle 31 is fixedly connected to the main body 10 of the handle assembly, the second handle 32 and the third handle 33 described below move relative to the first handle 31 relative to the main body 10 of the handle assembly.
  • the first transmission assembly 41 is connected between the main body 10 of the handle assembly and the end effector 21.
  • the first handle 31 is farther from the end effector than the second handle 32 .
  • the surgical instrument when operating a surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second handle 32 moves toward the first handle 31 to drive the end effector 21 to close via the first transmission assembly 41, and then press the energy switch 50 after the end effector 21 is closed. Make the energy switch 50 reach the activated position, and the energy is transmitted to the end effector 21; that is, the operation of pressing the second handle 32 to the first handle 31 by fingers is prior to pressing the energy switch 50 to the first handle 31 by the palm operation.
  • the surgical instrument according to the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a locking assembly.
  • the locking assembly is configured to be switchable between the locking position and the unlocking position; the locking assembly and the energy switch 50 are configured such that the energy switch 50 is restricted in the release position when the locking assembly is in the locking position; the locking assembly and the energy switch 50 are configured as a locking assembly
  • the energy switch 50 is switchable between an activated position and a released position when in the unlocked position.
  • the locking component locks the energy switch 50, and the locking component locks the energy switch 50 only when the energy switch 50 needs to be pressed to the activated position. In this way, it is possible to avoid pressing the second handle 32 to the first handle 31 with the fingers.
  • the palm of the hand undesirably presses the energy switch 50 to the activation position in advance, and all accidental touches to the energy switch 50 may prevent the energy switch 50 from reaching the activation position unexpectedly.
  • the locking assembly is connected to the second handle 32 , and the second handle 32 moves relative to the first handle 31 to drive the locking assembly to switch between the locking position and the unlocking position.
  • the locking assembly can be controlled by the second handle 32, and no special control component is provided for the locking assembly, so that the structure of the surgical instrument is more compact and simple.
  • the second handle 32 moves toward the first handle 31 to drive the locking assembly to move to the unlocked position, and the second handle 32 moves away from the first handle 31 to drive the locking assembly to move to the locking position; in addition, the second handle 32 moves toward the second
  • the movement of a handle 31 can also drive the end effector 21 to move to the closed position via the first transmission assembly 41
  • the movement of the second handle 32 away from the first handle 31 can also drive the end effector 21 to move to the open position via the first transmission assembly 41 .
  • the unlocking process of the locking assembly is performed synchronously with the closing process of the end effector 21, and the locking process of the locking assembly is performed synchronously with the opening process of the end effector 21, which simplifies the process according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the operating steps of the surgical instrument are simplified, and the structure of the surgical instrument is simplified. For example, once the second handle 32 moves toward the first handle 31 and reaches the position where the end effector 21 is closed, the locking assembly arrives at the unlocked position along with the second handle 32 when the end effector 21 reaches the closing position, and the unlocking assembly exerts an effect on energy.
  • the locking function of the switch 50 that is, the energy switch 50 is unlocked when the end effector 21 is closed, so that the energy application operation of the energy switch 50 can be smoothly connected immediately after the closing operation of the end effector 20 .
  • the surgical instrument according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is connected to an external energy source 70 through a conductive wire; however, the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the surgical instrument according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may also use a built-in energy source.
  • Fig. 1 shows the initial state of the surgical instrument, wherein the second handle 32 is in an unpressed initial state away from the first handle 31, the energy switch 50 is in a released position, and the third handle 33 is in an initial state.
  • FIG. 3 the second handle 32 is pressed to the first handle 31 , the energy switch 50 is in the release position, and the third handle 33 is in the initial state.
  • the locking assembly includes: a limit rod 61, a locking rod 62 and a reset element 63, the limit rod 62 is configured to be switchable between a limit position and a non-limit position; see Figure 2, the locking When the assembly is in the locked position, the limit lever 61 is in the limit position, and the reset element 63 is in the reset state, and the locking lever 62 is pressed between the energy switch 50 and the limit lever 61 to limit the energy switch 50 to release Position; referring to FIG.
  • the locking assembly is configured such that when in the unlocked position, the limiting rod 61 is in the non-limiting position, the end of the locking rod 62 facing the energy switch 50 abuts against the energy switch 50 and the locking rod 62 faces the limiting position The end of the rod 61 does not abut against the limit rod 61 and becomes a free end, so that the energy switch 50 can be switched between the activation position and the release position.
  • the energy switch 50 moves from the release position to the activation position and drives the locking rod 62 to move, and the locking rod 62 drives the reset element 63 to produce a deformation that causes the elastic restoring force;
  • External force that is, the palm no longer presses the energy switch 50
  • the reset element 63 returns to the reset state under the action of the elastic restoring force and drives the locking lever 62 to move, and the locking lever 62 drives the energy switch 50 to move from the excitation position to the release position .
  • the limit rod 61 is at least partly located in the first handle 31 and located on the side of the energy switch 50 facing the second handle 32 and separated from the energy switch 50 by an interval; the locking rod 62 and The reset element 63 is located in the first handle 31 and at the space between the limiting rod 61 and the energy switch 50 , and has an extending direction intersecting the limiting rod 61 and the energy switch 50 respectively.
  • the limiting rod 61 and the energy switch 50 generally extend along the extension direction of the first handle 31
  • the locking rod 62 is substantially perpendicular to the limiting rod 61 and the energy switch 50 respectively.
  • the first handle 31 is provided with an accommodating structure 81; Accommodated in the accommodating structure 81, the accommodating structure 81 has an opening 81h for the end of the locking rod 62 towards the limit rod 61 to pass through, and the reset element 63 is in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the locking rod 62.
  • the size is larger than the size of the opening 81h; through such arrangement, the reset element 63 can be limited in the accommodation structure 81, so that when the energy switch 50 is pressed by the palm, the locking rod 62 can drive the reset element 63 to generate an elastic restoring force. deformation.
  • the locking lever 62 has a limiting platform 621 , and the limiting platform 621 is located in the accommodating structure 81 and is closer to the energy switch 50 than the reset element 63 .
  • the reset element 63 returns to the reset state under the action of the elastic restoring force and drives the locking rod 62 to move, and the locking rod 62 drives the energy switch 50 to self-excite.
  • the position moves to the release position; in this case, in order to prevent the energy switch 50 from being separated from the first handle 31 by the elastic restoring force of the reset element 63, the above-mentioned limiting platform 621 is provided.
  • the energy switch 50 can be accurately reset to the release position after the external force is removed.
  • the locking assembly is connected to the second handle 32 .
  • the limiting rod 61 of the locking assembly is connected to the second handle 32, and the second handle 32 moves toward the first handle 31 to drive the limiting rod 61 to the non-limiting position, The second handle 32 moves away from the first handle 31 to drive the limiting rod 61 to the limiting position.
  • the surgical instrument includes a first chute 111, at least partially disposed in the main body 10 of the handle assembly, the first chute 111 has a first end close to the first handle 31 and a first end away from the first handle 31.
  • the second end; the part of the second handle 32 that is located in the main body 10 of the handle assembly has a second sliding groove 112, and the second sliding groove 112 is arranged on the side of the portion facing the first handle 31, and the second sliding groove 112 It has a first end close to the second handle 32 and a second end away from the second handle 32; the limit rod 61 has a first protrusion 611 and a second protrusion 611' opposite to each other, and the first protrusion 611 can slide ground connected in the first sliding groove 111, the second protrusion 611' is slidably connected in the second sliding groove 112; the first sliding groove 111 and the first protrusion 611 and the second sliding groove 112 and the second protrusion 611' fits: the second handle 32 moves toward the first handle 31, so that the second protrusion 611' moves from the second end of the second chute 112 toward the first end of the second chute 112 in the second chute 112 slide, and then make the first protrusion 611 slide from the first end of the first chute
  • the first end of the groove 112 slides toward the second end of the second sliding groove 112, so that the first protrusion 611 slides from the second end of the first sliding groove 111 toward the first end of the first sliding groove 111, so that the limiting The position rod 61 is driven to the limit position.
  • the first sliding groove 111 is entirely located in the main body 10 of the handle assembly.
  • a part of the first sliding groove 111 is located in the main body 10 of the handle assembly, and another part is located in the first handle 31 .
  • the extension direction of the first chute 111 coincides with the extension direction of the limit rod 61;
  • the process of movement is smoother. For example, referring to FIG.
  • the second handle 32 has a protruding portion located in the main body 10 of the handle assembly, the protruding portion protrudes from the second handle 32 toward the first handle 31 , and the above-mentioned second slide groove 112 is disposed on the protruding portion.
  • the surgical instrument further includes a beep sound shrapnel 82 disposed in the first handle 31 ; a third protrusion 612 is provided on the limit rod 61 ; the second handle 32 When moving toward the first handle 31 to drive the limiting lever 61 to the non-limiting position, the third protrusion 612 triggers the prompt sound shrapnel 82 to emit a prompt sound.
  • the limiting rod 61 reaches the non-limiting position, it means that the locking assembly has reached the unlocking position, and the locking effect of the locking assembly on the energy switch 50 is released and at the same time, the end effector 21 is closed.
  • the operator can be reminded of the end effector 21 After it has been closed and the energy switch 50 has been unlocked, the operator can safely perform subsequent energy application operations. It can be seen from FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 that the third protrusion 612 moves with the limit rod 61 to hit the beep sound shrapnel 82 , and the beep sound shrapnel 82 emits a beep sound when hit.
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded schematic view of part B of the surgical instrument shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the first transmission assembly 41 includes a sleeve 411 and a pull rod 412;
  • the end effector 21 includes a first arm 211 and a second arm 212 that can be opened and closed, and the first arm 211 and the second arm 212 One is fixedly connected to the bushing 411, the other of the first arm 211 and the second arm 212 is rotatably connected to the bushing 411; each of the first arm 211 and the second arm 212 has a pin hole 21h,
  • the end of the pull rod 412 has a pin 4121 matched with the pin hole 21h.
  • the pin 4121 is inserted into the pin hole 21h of each of the first arm 211 and the second arm 212, and the operator presses the second handle 32 toward the first handle 31 to cause relative movement between the sleeve 411 and the pull rod 412 to drive
  • the latch 4121 moves in the pin hole 21h to realize the opening and closing of the first arm 211 and the second arm 212 .
  • the second handle 32 moves toward the first handle 31 to drive the end 41E of the first transmission assembly 41 , so that relative movement occurs between the sleeve 411 and the pull rod 412 .
  • the end effector 21 is opened; when the first arm 211 and the second arm 212 are closed, the end effector 21 is closed.
  • the surgical instrument also includes a reset mechanism 91; the second handle 32, the first transmission assembly 41, the reset mechanism 91 and the end effector 21 are configured to: under the action of an external force (that is, the operator Pressing the finger) the second handle 32 moves toward the first handle 31 to drive the first transmission assembly 41, and then the reset mechanism 91 produces a deformation that causes elastic recovery force and the first transmission assembly 41 drives the first arm 211 of the end effector 21 and the second arm 212 are closed; and the external force is removed (that is, the operator's fingers no longer press the second handle 32), the reset mechanism resets under the action of the elastic restoring force and drives the first transmission assembly 41 to move, and then drives the second handle 32 moves away from the first handle 31 and drives the first arm 211 and the second arm 212 of the end effector 21 to open.
  • an external force that is, the operator Pressing the finger
  • the reset mechanism 91 produces a deformation that causes elastic recovery force and the first transmission assembly 41 drives the first arm 211 of the end effector 21 and the second arm
  • the surgical instrument also includes a blade 22 and a second transmission assembly 42, the blade 22 is connected to the end of the second transmission assembly 42 towards the end effector 21;
  • the handle assembly also includes a third handle 33, the third handle 33 is movably connected to the main body 10 of the handle assembly;
  • the third handle 33, the second transmission assembly 42 and the blade 22 are configured such that the third handle 33 moves relative to the first handle 31 to The second transmission assembly 42 is driven, and then the second transmission assembly 42 drives the blade 22 to move toward or away from the end effector 21 .
  • the operator's fingers press the third handle 33 to move toward the first handle 31, the third handle 33 pushes the end 42E of the second transmission assembly 42 (see FIG.
  • the second transmission assembly 42 is connected between the main body 10 of the handle assembly and the blade 22 .
  • the second handle 32 is farther from the end effector 21 than the third handle 33 is, and the first handle 31 is farther from the end effector 21 than the second handle 32 .
  • the surgical instrument operates as follows.
  • the second handle is in the initial state
  • the energy switch is in the release position
  • the third handle is in the initial state
  • the end effector 21 is in the open state
  • the operator holds the first handle 31 with one hand and Position the surgical instrument to a position where the target tissue is located between the first arm 211 and the second arm 212 of the end effector 21; referring to FIG.
  • the first arm 211 and the second arm 212 of 21 are closed to clamp the target tissue, the limit lever 61 reaches the non-limit position to unlock the lock assembly to the energy switch 50, and the third protrusion 612 hits the beep sound shrapnel 82 to issue a prompt To remind the operator that the next operation can be performed; referring to FIG. 4 , the operator presses the energy switch 50 with the palm of the hand so that the energy switch 50 reaches the activated position, and the energy is transmitted from the energy source 70 to the end effector 21 to seal the target tissue ; Referring to FIG.
  • the operator's fingers eg, fingers different from the fingers manipulating the second handle 32
  • the end of the main body 10 cuts the target tissue. After cutting, the operator releases the second handle 32, the third handle 33 and the energy switch 50, and under the action of the first transmission assembly 41 and the second transmission assembly 42, the second handle 32 and the third handle 33 are reset and locked.
  • the rod 62 resets under the action of the elastic restoring force of the reset element 63 to drive the energy switch 50 to reset, and the limit rod 61 reaches the limit position under the drive of the second handle 32 to hold the locking rod 63 against the limit rod 61 and the energy switch 50, so that the energy switch 50 is locked in the release position, and the entire surgical instrument returns to the initial state in FIG. 2 .
  • the energy switch 50 has the activation protrusion 55 protruding toward the inside of the first handle 31; the first handle 31 is provided with a circuit switch 85; the energy switch 50 is configured to activate the protrusion when in the activation position 55 depresses the circuit switch 85 so that the circuit switch 85 conducts the energy path from the energy source 70 to the end effector 21 so that energy is transferred from the energy source 70 to the end effector 21; Engine 55 is spaced from circuit switch 85 such that circuit switch 85 cannot conduct an energy path from energy source 70 to end effector 21 so that energy cannot be transferred from energy source 70 to end effector 21 .
  • the energy switch 50 is disposed on the first handle 31; further, for example, the energy switch 50 is used as a part of the shell of the first handle 31, so that the structure of the surgical instrument according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is simpler and more beautiful. sex.
  • the energy switch 50 extends substantially from one end of the first handle 31 close to the main body 10 of the handle assembly to one end of the first handle 32 away from the main body 10 of the handle assembly.
  • FIG. 8 is another overall schematic diagram of a surgical instrument provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; for example, referring to FIG. The switch 50 is located in the middle area of the first handle 31 .
  • Fig. 7a is an overall schematic diagram of the energy switch of the surgical instrument shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the energy switch 50 has a first end 51 and a second end 52 opposite to each other along its extending direction, and the second end 52 is closer to the main body 10 of the handle assembly than the first end 51; end 51 to the second end 52, the energy switch 50 includes a first part 50A and a second part 50B, the second part 50B is closer to the main body 10 of the handle assembly than the first part 50A, the second part 50B is integrally formed with the first part 50A and Bending from the first part 50A toward the direction away from the first handle 31; at any position of the first part 50A, the section perpendicular to the extending direction of the energy switch 50 of the first part 50A is arched, and along the second end of the energy switch 50 52 to the direction of the first end 51, the height of the arch increases.
  • the energy switch 50 can be matched with the contour of the first handle 31, the energy switch 50 has a larger area to facilitate the operator to press, and the increased arch height can facilitate the locking lever 62 and the activation protrusion 55 And the circuit switch 85 provides ample accommodation space.
  • the second portion 50B is bent so that the end close to the handle assembly main body 10 matches the outer contour of the handle assembly main body 10 , so that the first handle 31 and the main body 10 are smoothly connected to each other.
  • the energy switch 50 has a first end 51 and a second end 52 opposite to each other along its extending direction, and the second end 52 is closer to the main body 10 of the handle assembly than the first end 51;
  • the second end 52 of the switch is provided with a card slot 53, and a pivot 83 is provided in the first handle 31, and the card slot 53 is clamped on the pivot 83 and can rotate around the pivot 83;
  • at the first end of the energy switch 50 51 and the second end 52 are provided with a first engaging structure 54 protruding toward the inside of the first handle 31, and a second engaging structure 84 is arranged in the first handle 31.
  • the energy switch 50 When the energy switch 50 is in the release position, the first The engaging structure 54 and the second engaging structure 84 are engaged with each other, and when the energy switch 50 is switched between the activated position and the released position, the first engaging structure 54 moves relative to the second engaging structure 84 to move away from or approach the second handle 32. In this way, the energy switch 50 can be movably connected to the first handle 31 . Referring to FIG.
  • the tone shrapnel 82 is arranged closer to the main body 10 of the handle assembly than the first snap-in structure 54 and the second snap-in structure 84, and the first snap-in structure 54 and the second snap-in structure 84 are arranged to be closer than the lock
  • the tightening rod 62 and the reset element 63 are closer to the main body 10 of the handle assembly, and the locking rod 62 and the reset element 63 are arranged closer to the main body 10 of the handle assembly than the activation protrusion 55 and the circuit switch 85 .
  • the reference numerals in FIG. 2 are relatively dense, only the slot 53 , the pivot 83 , the first engaging structure 54 and the second engaging structure 54 are marked in FIG. 3 .
  • Fig. 7b is a schematic diagram of the external structure of part A of the surgical instrument shown in Fig. 1, wherein the first handle is not equipped with an energy switch.
  • the first handle 31 has a first half shell 311 and a second half shell 312, the first half shell 311 and the second half shell 312 are connected to each other to define a chamber and a The groove, the pivot 83 and the second engaging structure 84 are located in the cavity, and the bottom of the groove is provided with a first opening OP1 and a second opening OP2, the locking groove 53 is engaged with the pivot 83 through the first opening OP1 and the first The engaging structure 54 engages with the second engaging structure 84 through the second opening OP2 to connect the energy switch 50 to the first handle 31 and cover the groove.
  • the bottom of the groove is also provided with an opening that exposes the locking rod 62 and an opening that exposes the circuit switch 85, so as to ensure the mutual cooperation between the locking rod 62 and the energy switch 50 and the activation between the protrusion 55 and the circuit switch 85.
  • the main body 10 of the handle assembly has a first half shell and a second half shell, and the first half shell and the second half shell of the main body 10 of the handle assembly are respectively connected with the first half shell 311 and the second half shell of the first handle 31. 312 is integrally formed, so that the main body 10 of the handle assembly communicates with the inner space of the first handle 31 .
  • the side of the first handle 31 facing the second handle 32 does not have a deformable structure under pressing.
  • the second handle 32 moves toward the first handle 31 so that the end effector 21 is closed and the locking assembly reaches the unlocked position.
  • the second handle 32 may hit the first handle 31; the first handle 31 moves toward the second One side of the handle 32 does not have a deformable structure under pressing action, which can prevent any false triggering of the deformable structure when the second handle 32 collides with the first handle 31 .
  • the side of the second handle 32 facing the first handle 31 is flat.
  • FIG. 1 the side of the second handle 32 facing the first handle 31 is flat.
  • the surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a rotating mechanism 13, which is rotatably connected to the main body 10 of the handle assembly; the operator rotates the rotating structure 13, and the rotating structure 13 drives the first transmission assembly 41 and The end effector 21, the second transmission assembly 42 and the cutter head 22 rotate, so that the operator can perform surgery at a proper angle.

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Abstract

一种手术器械，包括：手柄组件，包括主体(10)、固定地连接到主体(10)的第一手柄(31)和可移动地连接到主体(10)的第二手柄(32)；末端执行器(21)，与手柄组件的主体(10)连接；第一传动组件(41)，第二手柄(32)相对于第一手柄(31)运动以带动第一传动组件(41)，进而第一传动组件(41)带动末端执行器(21)；以及能量开关(50)，构造为可在激发位置和释放位置之间切换，能量开关(50)构造为在激发位置时能量被传输至末端执行器(21)，能量开关(50)构造为在释放位置时能量不被传输至末端执行器(21)，能量开关(50)设置于第一手柄(31)并且位于第一手柄(31)的朝向第二手柄(32)的一侧的相反侧。

Description

手术器械
本申请要求于2021年12月2日递交的第202111454666.0号中国专利申请的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本公开的实施例属于医疗器械领域，并且具体涉及一种手术器械。
背景技术
随着科技的进步，越来越多的手术器械被引入外科和/或内科手术过程中，例如双极手术器械、单极手术器械、超声刀等等。双极手术器械的末端执行器包括两个可开合的电极，在手术过程中，两个电极夹持目标组织并闭合，之后电能被施加至两个电极以对目标组织进行烧结和/或灼烧，从而实现目标组织的封闭和/或切割。单极手术器械的末端执行器包括源电极和返回电极，通过二者对目标组织的机械夹持作用并且施加电能至源电极，也可以对目标组织进行烧结和/或灼烧，从而实现目标组织的封闭和/或切割。超声刀手的末端执行器包括超声刀头和辅助刀头，在手术过程中，超声刀头和辅助刀头夹持目标组织并闭合，之后超声能量被施加至超声刀头，从而实现目标组织的封闭和/或切割。也就是说，存在大量的手术器械，其操作过程既涉及末端执行器的打开和闭合，又涉及将能量施加至末端执行器。
发明内容
本公开的实施例提供一种手术器械，包括：手柄组件，包括主体、第一手柄和第二手柄，第一手柄固定地连接到主体，第二手柄可移动地连接到主体；末端执行器，与所述手柄组件的主体连接；第一传动组件，其中，所述第二手柄、所述第一传动组件与所述末端执行器构造为：所述第二手柄相对于所述第一手柄运动以带动所述第一传动组件，进而所述第一传动组件带动所述末端执行器；以及能量开关，构造为可在激发位置和释放位置之间切换， 其中，所述能量开关构造为在所述激发位置时能量被传输至所述末端执行器，所述能量开关构造为在所述释放位置时能量不被传输至所述末端执行器，所述能量开关设置于所述第一手柄并且位于所述第一手柄的朝向所述第二手柄的一侧的相反侧。
例如，所述手术器械还包括锁定组件，所述锁定组件构造为可在锁定位置和解锁位置之间切换，其中，所述锁定组件和所述能量开关构造为所述锁定组件在所述锁定位置时所述能量开关被限制在所述释放位置；所述锁定组件和所述能量开关构造为所述锁定组件在所述解锁位置时所述能量开关可在激发位置和释放位置之间切换。
例如，所述锁定组件与所述第二手柄连接，所述第二手柄相对于所述第一手柄运动以带动所述锁定组件在所述锁定位置和所述解锁位置之间切换。
例如，所述第二手柄、所述末端执行器以及所述锁定组件构造为：所述第二手柄朝向所述第一手柄运动以带动所述锁定组件向解锁位置运动并经由所述第一传动组件带动所述末端执行器向闭合位置运动，并且所述第二手柄远离所述第一手柄运动以带动所述锁定组件向锁定位置运动并经由所述第一传动组件带动所述末端执行器向打开位置运动。
例如，所述锁定组件包括：限位杆，锁紧杆以及复位元件，其中，所述限位杆构造为可在限位位置和非限位位置之间切换；所述锁定组件构造为在所述锁定位置时，所述限位杆位于限位位置，且所述复位元件处于复位状态，所述锁紧杆抵持在所述能量开关和所述限位杆之间以将所述能量开关限制在所述释放位置；所述锁定组件构造为在所述解锁位置时，所述限位杆位于非限位位置，所述锁紧杆的朝向所述能量开关的端部抵靠所述能量开关而所述锁紧杆朝向限位杆的端部不抵靠所述限位杆而成为自由端，以使得所述能量开关可在激发位置和释放位置之间切换，其中，在外力的作用下所述能量开关自所述释放位置移动到达所述激发位置并带动所述锁紧杆运动，所述锁紧杆驱动所述复位元件产生导致弹性回复力的形变，并且其中，撤销所述外力，所述复位元件在所述弹性回复力的作用下回复到所述复位状态并带动所述锁紧杆运动，所述锁紧杆驱动所述能量开关自所述激发位置移动到达所述释放位置。
例如，所述限位杆至少部分位于所述第一手柄内且位于所述能量开关的 朝向所述第二手柄的一侧并与所述能量开关隔开一间隔；所述锁紧杆以及所述复位元件位于所述第一手柄内且位于所述限位杆和所述能量开关之间的间隔处，并具有与所述限位杆和所述能量开关分别相交的延伸方向。
例如，所述第一手柄内设置有容放结构；所述复位元件连接所述锁紧杆、套设于所述锁紧杆的一部分上并与所述锁紧杆的所述一部分一起容放于所述容放结构内，所述容放结构具有供所述锁紧杆的朝向所述限位杆的端部通过的开口，在与所述锁紧杆的延伸方向垂直的方向上所述复位元件的尺寸大于所述开口的尺寸；所述锁紧杆具有限位台，所述限位台位于所述容放结构内且比所述复位元件靠近所述能量开关。
例如，所述限位杆与所述第二手柄连接，所述第二手柄朝向所述第一手柄运动以带动所述限位杆向所述非限位位置运动，所述第二手柄远离所述第一手柄运动以带动所述限位杆向所述限位位置运动。
例如，所述手术器械包括第一滑槽，至少部分设置在所述手柄组件的所述主体内，所述第一滑槽具有靠近所述第一手柄的第一端和远离所述第一手柄的第二端；所述第二手柄的位于所述手柄组件的所述主体内的部分具有第二滑槽，所述第二滑槽设置在所述部分的朝向所述第一手柄的一侧，所述第二滑槽具有靠近所述第二手柄的第一端和远离所述第二手柄的第二端；所述限位杆具有彼此相对设置的第一凸起和第二凸起，所述第一凸起可滑动地连接于所述第一滑槽内，所述第二凸起可滑动地连接于所述第二滑槽内；所述第一滑槽与所述第一凸起以及所述第二滑槽与所述第二凸起配合为：所述第二手柄朝向所述第一手柄运动，使得所述第二凸起在所述第二滑槽内从所述第二滑槽的第二端朝向所述第二滑槽的第一端滑动，进而使得所述第一凸起从所述第一滑槽的第一端朝向所述第一滑槽的第二端滑动，以将所述限位杆带动到所述非限位位置；所述第一滑槽与所述第一凸起以及所述第二滑槽与所述第二凸起配合为：所述第二手柄远离所述第一手柄运动，使得所述第二凸起在所述第二滑槽内从所述第二滑槽的第一端朝向所述第二滑槽的第二端滑动，进而使得所述第一凸起从所述第一滑槽的第二端朝向所述第一滑槽的第一端滑动，以将所述限位杆带动到所述限位位置。
例如，所述第一滑槽的延伸方向与所述限位杆的延伸方向重合；所述第二滑槽的延伸方向与所述第一滑槽的延伸方向相交。
例如，所述手术器械还包括提示音弹片，设置于所述第一手柄内，其中，所述限位杆上设置有第三凸起；所述第二手柄朝向所述第一手柄运动以将所述限位杆带动到所述非限位位置时所述第三凸起触发所述提示音弹片发出提示音。
例如，所述能量开关具有朝向所述第一手柄内部凸起的激发凸起；所述第一手柄内设置有电路开关；所述能量开关构造为在所述激发位置时所述激发凸起按压所述电路开关以使得电路开关将从能量源到末端执行器的能量通路导通从而能量被从所述能量源传输至所述末端执行器，所述能量开关还构造为在所述释放位置时所述激发凸起与所述电路开关间隔开以使得电路开关不能将从能量源到末端执行器的能量通路导通从而能量不能被从所述能量源传输至所述末端执行器。
例如，所述能量开关用作所述第一手柄的外壳的一部分。
例如，所述能量开关沿其延伸方向具有彼此相对的第一端和第二端，所述第二端比所述第一端更靠近所述手柄组件的所述主体；沿从所述能量开关的第一端至第二端的方向，所述能量开关包括第一部分和第二部分，所述第二部分比所述第一部分更靠近所述手柄组件的所述主体，所述第二部分与所述第一部分一体成型且自所述第一部分朝远离所述第一手柄的方向弯折；在所述第一部分的任意位置处所述第一部分的垂直所述能量开关的延伸方向的截面为拱形，且沿从所述能量开关的第二端至第一端的方向，所述拱形的高度增大。
例如，所述第二部分弯折为其靠近所述手柄组件的所述主体的端部与所述手柄组件的所述主体的外轮廓相匹配。
例如，所述能量开关沿其延伸方向具有彼此相对的第一端和第二端，所述第二端比所述第一端更靠近所述手柄组件的所述主体；在所述能量开关的第二端设置有卡槽，在所述第一手柄内设置有枢轴，所述卡槽卡接在所述枢轴上且可绕所述枢轴旋转；在所述能量开关的第一端和第二端之间设置有朝向所述第一手柄内部凸起的第一卡接结构，在所述第一手柄内设置有第二卡接结构，所述能量开关位于释放位置时所述第一卡接结构和所述第二卡接结构彼此卡接，所述能量开关在激发位置和释放位置之间切换时所述第一卡接结构相对于第二卡接结构运动以远离或靠近所述第二手柄。
例如，所述第一手柄具有第一半壳和第二半壳，所述第一半壳和所述第二半壳彼此连接以限定腔室以及位于腔室外部的凹槽，所述枢轴和所述第二卡接结构位于所述腔室内，所述凹槽的底部设置有第一开口和第二开口，所述卡槽经所述第一开口与所述枢轴卡接且所述第一卡接结构经所述第二开口与所述第二卡接结构卡接以将所述能量开关连接至所述第一手柄且覆盖所述凹槽。
例如，所述第一手柄的朝向所述第二手柄的一侧不具有在按压作用下可形变的结构。
例如，所述手术器械包括复位机构；所述末端执行器包括可开合的第一臂和第二臂；所述第二手柄、所述第一传动组件、所述复位机构与所述末端执行器构造为：在外力的作用下所述第二手柄朝向所述第一手柄运动以带动所述第一传动组件，进而复位机构产生导致弹性回复力的形变且所述第一传动组件带动所述末端执行器的第一臂和第二臂闭合；并且撤销所述外力，所述复位机构在所述弹性回复力的作用下复位并带动所述第一传动组件运动，进而带动所述第二手柄远离所述第一手柄运动并带动所述末端执行器的第一臂和第二臂打开。
例如，所述手术器械还包括刀片以及与第二传动组件，所述刀片连接在所述第二传动组件的朝向所述末端执行器的端部；所述手柄组件还包括第三手柄，所述第三手柄可移动地连接到所述手柄组件的所述主体，所述第三手柄、所述第二传动组件与所述刀片构造为：所述第三手柄相对于所述第一手柄运动以带动所述第二传动组件，进而所述第二传动组件带动所述刀片朝向或远离所述末端执行器运动。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本公开的一些实施例，而非对本公开的限制。
图1为本公开实施例提供的一种手术器械的整体示意图；
图2为图1所示手术器械的A部分的内部结构示意图，其中第二手柄处于初始状态，能量开关处于释放位置，且第三手柄处于初始状态；
图3为图1所示的手术器械的A部分的内部结构示意图，其中第二手柄被按压向第一手柄，能量开关处于释放位置，且第三手柄处于初始状态；
图4为图1所示的手术器械的A部分的内部结构示意图，其中第二手柄被按压向第一手柄，能量开关处于激发位置，且第三手柄处于初始状态；
图5为图1所示的手术器械的A部分的内部结构示意图，其中，第二手柄被按压向第一手柄，能量开关处于激发位置，且第三手柄处于推刀状态；
图6为图1所示的手术器械的部分B的分解示意图；
图7a为图1所示的手术器械的能量开关的整体示意图；
图7b为图1所示的手术器械的A部分的外部结构示意图，其中第一手柄未装配能量开关；并且
图8为本公开实施例提供的一种手术器械的另一整体示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另作定义，此处使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开专利申请说明书以及权利要求书中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“内”、“外”、“上”、“下”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
本公开中的附图并不是严格按实际比例绘制，各个结构的具体地尺寸和数量可根据实际需要进行确定。本公开中所描述的附图仅是结构示意图。
需要说明的是，尽管本公开的大部分附图描绘了与腹腔镜手术结合使用的双极电刀，但是本公开实施例不局限于此。本公开实施例的手术器械还可 以用于传统的开放式手术程序，并且本公开实施例的手术器械还可以是单极电刀、超声刀、或者任何涉及末端执行器开合操作和能量施加操作的手术器械。
根据本公开的实施例提供一种手术器械。图1为本公开实施例提供的一种手术器械的整体示意图。参见图1，根据本公开实施例的手术器械包括：手柄组件，包括主体10、第一手柄31和第二手柄32，其中第一手柄31固定地连接到主体10，第二手柄32可移动地连接到主体10；末端执行器21，与手柄组件的主体10连接；第一传动组件41，其中，第二手柄32、第一传动组件41与末端执行器21构造为：第二手柄32相对于第一手柄31运动以带动第一传动组件41，进而第一传动组件41带动末端执行器21；以及能量开关50，构造为可在激发位置和释放位置之间切换，其中，能量开关50构造为在激发位置时能量被传输至末端执行器21，能量开关50构造为在释放位置时能量不被传输至末端执行器21，能量开关50设置于第一手柄31并且位于第一手柄31的朝向第二手柄32的一侧的相反侧。
根据本公开的实施例，能量开关50位于第一手柄31的朝向第二手柄32的一侧的相反侧，也就是，能量开关50与第二手柄32分别位于第一手柄31的相反两侧。在操作手术器械时，操作者以单手握姿握持第一手柄31；通过将能量开关50与第二手柄32分别设置于第一手柄31的相反两侧，操作者可以通过该单手的手指将第二手柄32向第一手柄31按压来操控第二手柄32，并通过该单手的手掌将能量开关50向第一手柄31按压来操控能量开关50，这样一来，第二手柄32和能量开关50的相向运动与单手处于握姿时手指和手掌的相向运动相匹配，从而使得手术器械的操作过程与操作者的单手握持动作匹配，更加符合人体工学，操作更加便利。进一步地，根据本公开的实施例，能量开关50设置于第一手柄31，一方面可以使得手术器械的结构更紧凑简洁，另一方面更方便握持第一手柄31的手的手掌来按压控制能量开关50，增加了操作的便利性。
需要说明的是，由于第一手柄31与手柄组件的主体10固定连接，因此第二手柄32及如下所述的第三手柄33相对于第一手柄31即为相对于手柄组件的主体10运动。
例如，根据本公开的实施例，第一传动组件41连接在手柄组件的主体 10与末端执行器21之间。
例如，根据本公开的实施例，第一手柄31比第二手柄32远离末端执行器。
例如，在操作根据本公开实施例的手术器械时，第二手柄32朝向第一手柄31运动以经由第一传动组件41带动末端执行器21闭合，末端执行器21闭合之后再按压能量开关50以使得能量开关50到达激发位置，能量被传输至末端执行器21；也就是，通过手指将第二手柄32向第一手柄31按压的操作要先于通过手掌将能量开关50向第一手柄31按压的操作。为了避免在手指将第二手柄32向第一手柄31按压的操作过程中，手掌提前不期望地将能量开关50按压至激发位置，根据本公开实施例的手术器械还包括锁定组件。例如，锁定组件构造为可在锁定位置和解锁位置之间切换；锁定组件和能量开关50构造为锁定组件在锁定位置时能量开关50被限制在释放位置；锁定组件和能量开关50构造为锁定组件在解锁位置时能量开关50可在激发位置和释放位置之间切换。锁定组件锁定能量开关50，在需要将能量开关50按压至激发位置的时候才解除锁定组件对能量开关50的锁定，这样一来，可以避免在手指将第二手柄32向第一手柄31按压的操作过程中手掌提前不期望地将能量开关50按压至激发位置，并且可以避免一切对能量开关50的误触碰而导致能量开关50不期望地到达激发位置。
例如，根据本公开的实施例，锁定组件与第二手柄32连接，第二手柄32相对于第一手柄31运动以带动锁定组件在锁定位置和解锁位置之间切换。通过这样的设置，可以使得锁定组件受第二手柄32控制，不再为锁定组件设置专门的控制部件，使得手术器械的结构更紧凑简洁。进一步地，第二手柄32朝向第一手柄31运动以带动锁定组件向解锁位置运动，并且第二手柄32远离第一手柄31运动以带动锁定组件向锁定位置运动；另外，第二手柄32朝向第一手柄31运动还可以经由第一传动组件41带动末端执行器21向闭合位置运动，第二手柄32远离第一手柄31运动还可以经由第一传动组件41带动末端执行器21向打开位置运动。这样一来，通过操控第二手柄32，锁定组件的解锁过程与末端执行器21的闭合过程同步进行，锁定组件的锁定过程与末端执行器21的打开过程同步进行，简化了根据本公开实施例的手术器械的操作步骤，并且简化了手术器械的结构。例如，一旦第二手柄32朝向第 一手柄31运动到达使末端执行器21闭合的位置，锁定组件随第二手柄32在末端执行器21到达闭合位置的同时也到达解锁位置，解除锁定组件对能量开关50的锁定作用；也就是，在末端执行器21闭合的同时能量开关50被解锁，从而使得末端执行器20的闭合操作之后能够即刻顺利地衔接能量开关50的能量施加操作。
参见图1，根据本公开实施例的手术器械通过传导线与外置能量源70连接；然而本公开实施例不不限于此，根据本公开实施例的手术器械也可以采用内置能量源。
为了后续描述方便，在图1中标注了手术器械的部分A和部分B；图2至图5均是部分A的内部结构示意图，在图2至图5中第二手柄32、能量开关50以及第三手柄33具有不同的位置状态。图2为手术器械的初始状态，其中，第二手柄32远离第一手柄31并处于未被按压的初始状态，能量开关50处于释放位置，且第三手柄33处于初始状态。在图3中，第二手柄32被按压向第一手柄31，能量开关50处于释放位置，第三手柄33处于初始状态。参见图2和图3，锁定组件包括：限位杆61，锁紧杆62以及复位元件63，限位62杆构造为可在限位位置和非限位位置之间切换；参见图2，锁定组件构造为在锁定位置时，限位杆61位于限位位置，且复位元件63处于复位状态，锁紧杆62抵持在能量开关50和限位杆61之间以将能量开关50限制在释放位置；参见图3，锁定组件构造为在解锁位置时，限位杆61位于非限位位置，锁紧杆62的朝向能量开关50的端部抵靠能量开关50而锁紧杆62朝向限位杆61的端部不抵靠限位杆61而成为自由端，以使得能量开关50可在激发位置和释放位置之间切换。例如，在外力的作用下(即，手掌的按压下)能量开关50自释放位置移动到达激发位置并带动锁紧杆62运动，锁紧杆62驱动复位元件63产生导致弹性回复力的形变；撤销外力(即，手掌不再按压能量开关50)，复位元件63在弹性回复力的作用下回复到复位状态并带动锁紧杆62运动，锁紧杆62驱动能量开关50自激发位置移动到达释放位置。通过使锁定组件具有上述结构，不仅能实现对能量开关50的锁定作用，而且还可以在能量施加之后保证能量开关50复位至释放位置。
例如，参见图2和图3，限位杆61至少部分位于第一手柄31内且位于能量开关50的朝向第二手柄32的一侧并与能量开关50隔开一间隔；锁紧杆 62以及复位元件63位于第一手柄31内且位于限位杆61和能量开关50之间的间隔处，并具有与限位杆61和能量开关50分别相交的延伸方向。更进一步地，例如，限位杆61和能量开关50大体沿第一手柄31的延伸方向延伸，并且锁紧杆62分别与限位杆61和能量开关50大体垂直相交。
例如，继续参见图2和图3，第一手柄31内设置有容放结构81；复位元件63连接锁紧杆62、套设于锁紧杆62的一部分上并与锁紧杆62的一部分一起容放于容放结构81内，容放结构81具有供锁紧杆62的朝向限位杆61的端部通过的开口81h，在与锁紧杆62的延伸方向垂直的方向上复位元件63的尺寸大于开口81h的尺寸；通过这样的设置，可以将复位元件63限制在容放结构81内，以使得在能量开关50被手掌按压时锁紧杆62能够驱动复位元件63产生导致弹性回复力的形变。例如，继续参见图2和图3，锁紧杆62具有限位台621，限位台621位于容放结构81内且比复位元件63靠近能量开关50。如上所述，撤销外力(即，手掌不再按压能量开关50)，复位元件63在弹性回复力的作用下回复到复位状态并带动锁紧杆62运动，锁紧杆62驱动能量开关50自激发位置移动到达释放位置；在此情形下，为了避免复位元件63的弹性回复力将能量开关50弹开而与第一手柄31分离，设置了上述限位台621。通过复位元件63和限位台621的相互配合，可以使得外力撤销之后能量开关50能够准确地复位至释放位置。
如上所述，锁定组件与第二手柄32连接。例如，更具体地，参见图2和图3，锁定组件的限位杆61与第二手柄32连接，第二手柄32朝向第一手柄31运动以将限位杆61带动到非限位位置，第二手柄32远离第一手柄31运动以将限位杆61带动到限位位置。例如，采用如下结构使得限位杆61随着第二手柄32运动。继续参见图2和图3，手术器械包括第一滑槽111，至少部分设置在手柄组件的主体10内，第一滑槽111具有靠近第一手柄31的第一端和远离第一手柄31的第二端；第二手柄32的位于手柄组件的主体10内的部分具有第二滑槽112，第二滑槽112设置在所述部分的朝向第一手柄31的一侧，第二滑槽112具有靠近第二手柄32的第一端和远离第二手柄32的第二端；限位杆61具有彼此相对设置的第一凸起611和第二凸起611’，第一凸起611可滑动地连接于第一滑槽111内，第二凸起611’可滑动地连接于第二滑槽112内；第一滑槽111与第一凸起611以及第二滑槽112与第 二凸起611’配合为：第二手柄32朝向第一手柄31运动，使得第二凸起611’在第二滑槽112内从第二滑槽112的第二端朝向第二滑槽112的第一端滑动，进而使得第一凸起611从第一滑槽111的第一端朝向第一滑槽111的第二端滑动，以将限位杆61带动到非限位位置；第一滑槽111与第一凸起611以及第二滑槽112与第二凸起611’配合为：第二手柄32远离第一手柄31运动，使得第二凸起611’在第二滑槽112内从第二滑槽112的第一端朝向第二滑槽112的第二端滑动，进而使得第一凸起611从第一滑槽111的第二端朝向第一滑槽111的第一端滑动，以将限位杆61带动到限位位置。例如，第一滑槽111全部位于手柄组件的主体10内。例如，第一滑槽111的一部分位于手柄组件的主体10内，另一部分位于第一手柄31内。例如，第一滑槽111的延伸方向与限位杆61的延伸方向重合；第二滑槽112的延伸方向与第一滑槽111的延伸方向相交，以使得第二手柄32带动限位杆61运动的过程更加顺畅。例如，参见图2，第二手柄32具有位于手柄组件的主体10内的突出部，该突出部自第二手柄32朝向第一手柄31凸起，上述第二滑槽112设置于该突出部。通过操控第二手柄32，在末端执行器21闭合的同时限位杆61到达非限位位置，从而锁定组件到达解锁位置，能量开关50被解锁。
例如，继续图2和图3，根据本公开实施例的手术器械还包括提示音弹片82，其设置于第一手柄31内；限位杆61上设置有第三凸起612；第二手柄32朝向第一手柄31运动以将限位杆61带动到非限位位置时第三凸起612触发提示音弹片82发出提示音。限位杆61到达非限位位置说明锁定组件到达解锁位置，锁定组件对能量开关50的锁定作用解除并且与此同时末端执行器21闭合。通过设置相互配合的提示音弹片82以及第三凸起612并使得当限位杆61到达非限位位置时第三凸起612触发提示音弹片82发出提示音，可以提醒操作者末端执行器21已经闭合并且能量开关50已经解锁，操作者可以放心地进行后续的能量施加操作。结合图2和图3可以看出，第三凸起612随限位杆61运动以撞击提示音弹片82，提示音弹片82受撞击发出提示音。
图6为图1所示的手术器械的部分B的分解示意图。需要说明的是，在根据本公开实施例的手术器械中，图6所示的拉杆412，刀片22以及与其连接的第二传动组件42均套设在套管411内；为了便于理解，在图6中将它们 以分解状态示出。结合图1和图6，第一传动组件41包括套筒411以及拉杆412；末端执行器21包括可开合的第一臂211和第二臂212，第一臂211和第二臂212中的一者固定连接到套管411，第一臂211和第二臂212中的另一这可旋转地连接到套管411；第一臂211和第二臂212的每个均具有销孔21h，拉杆412的端部具有与销孔21h相配合的插销4121。将插销4121插入第一臂211和第二臂212的每个的销孔21h中，操作者将第二手柄32向第一手柄31按压以使得套筒411和拉杆412之间产生相对运动，带动插销4121在销孔21h中运动以实现第一臂211和第二臂212的打开和关闭。例如，第二手柄32向第一手柄31运动以带动第一传动组件41的端部41E，从而使得套筒411和拉杆412之间产生相对运动。例如，第一臂211和第二臂212打开，则末端执行器21打开；第一臂211和第二臂212关闭，则末端执行器21闭合。
参见图2，根据本公开实施例的手术器械还包括复位机构91；第二手柄32、第一传动组件41、复位机构91与末端执行器21构造为：在外力的作用下(即，操作者手指的按压下)第二手柄32朝向第一手柄31运动以带动第一传动组件41，进而复位机构91产生导致弹性回复力的形变且第一传动组件41带动末端执行器21的第一臂211和第二臂212闭合；并且撤销外力(即，操作者的手指不再按压第二手柄32)，复位机构在弹性回复力的作用下复位并带动第一传动组件41运动，进而带动第二手柄32远离第一手柄31运动并带动末端执行器21的第一臂211和第二臂212打开。
例如，参见图1和图6，根据本公开实施例的手术器械还包括刀片22以及与第二传动组件42，刀片22连接在第二传动组件42的朝向末端执行器21的端部；手柄组件还包括第三手柄33，第三手柄33可移动地连接到手柄组件的主体10；第三手柄33、第二传动组件42与刀片22构造为：第三手柄33相对于第一手柄31运动以带动第二传动组件42，进而第二传动组件42带动刀片22朝向或远离末端执行器21运动。例如，操作者的手指按压第三手柄33朝向第一手柄31运动，第三手柄33推动第二传动组件42的端部42E(参见图2)，进而第二传动组件42将刀片22推向末端执行器21的远离手柄组件的主体10的端部以对末端执行器21夹持的组织进行切割。撤销外力(即操作者的手指不再按压第三手柄33)，第三手柄33和第二传动组件42 恢复到初始状态，刀片22超远离末端执行器21的方向运动。
例如，根据本公开的实施例，第二传动组件42连接在手柄组件的主体10与刀片22之间。
例如，在根据本公开的实施例中，第二手柄32比第三手柄33远离末端执行器21，第一手柄31比第二手柄32远离末端执行器21。
结合图1至图6，根据本公开实施例的手术器械操作如下。在图2所示的初始状态下，第二手柄处于初始状态，能量开关处于释放位置，第三手柄处于初始状态，并且末端执行器21处于打开状态，操作者单手握持第一手柄31并把手术器械定位至目标组织位于末端执行器21的第一臂211和第二臂212之间的位置；参见图3，操作者的手指将第二手柄32按压向第一手柄31，末端执行器21的第一臂211和第二臂212闭合以夹住目标组织，限位杆61到达非限位位置以解除锁定组件对能量开关50的锁定，第三凸起612撞击提示音弹片82发出提示音以提示操作者可以进行下一步操作；参见图4，操作者的手掌按压能量开关50以使得能量开关50到达激发位置，能量被从能量源70传输到末端执行器21以对目标组织进行封闭；参见图5，操作者的手指(例如，与操控第二手柄32的手指不同的手指)将第三手柄33向第一手柄31按压，以将刀片22推向末端执行器21的远离手柄组件的主体10的端部对目标组织进行切割。切割完毕之后，操作者松开第二手柄32、第三手柄33和能量开关50，在第一传动组件41和第二传动组件42的作用下第二手柄32和第三手柄33复位，锁紧杆62在复位原件63的弹性回复力的作用下复位以带动能量开关50复位，限位杆61在第二手柄32的带动下到达限位位置以将锁紧杆63抵持在限位杆61和能量开关50之间，从而将能量开关50锁定在释放位置，整个手术器械回复至图2的初始状态。
例如，参见图2和图4，能量开关50具有朝向第一手柄31内部凸起的激发凸起55；第一手柄31内设置有电路开关85；能量开关50构造为在激发位置时激发凸起55按压电路开关85以使得电路开关85将从能量源70到末端执行器21的能量通路导通从而能量被从能量源70传输至末端执行器21；能量开关50构造为在释放位置时激发凸起55与电路开关85间隔开以使得电路开关85不能将从能量源70到末端执行器21的能量通路导通从而能量不能被从能量源70传输至末端执行器21。
如上所述，能量开关50设置于第一手柄31；进一步地，例如，能量开关50用作第一手柄31的外壳的一部分，以使得根据本公开实施例的手术器械结构更加简单且兼具美观性。例如，参见图2，在第一手柄31的延伸方向上，能量开关50从第一手柄31的靠近手柄组件的主体10的一端基本上延伸至第一手柄32的远离手柄组件的主体10的一端。图8为本公开实施例提供的一种手术器械的另一整体示意图；例如，参见图8，能量开关50的尺寸可以相较于图2适当减少，以在第一手柄31的延伸方向上能量开关50位于第一手柄31的中间区域。
图7a为图1所示的手术器械的能量开关的整体示意图。参见图7a，能量开关50沿其延伸方向具有彼此相对的第一端51和第二端52，第二端52比第一端51更靠近手柄组件的主体10；沿从能量开关50的第一端51至第二端52的方向，能量开关50包括第一部分50A和第二部分50B，第二部分50B比第一部分50A更靠近手柄组件的主体10，第二部分50B与第一部分50A一体成型且自第一部分50A朝远离第一手柄31的方向弯折；在第一部分50A的任意位置处第一部分50A的垂直能量开关50的延伸方向的截面为拱形，且沿从能量开关50的第二端52至第一端51的方向，拱形的高度增大。通过上述设计，可以使得能量开关50与第一手柄31的轮廓相匹配，能量开关50具有较大的面积方便操作者按压，并且拱形高度增大可以方便为锁紧杆62、激发凸起55和电路开关85提供充裕的容放空间。例如，第二部分50B弯折为其靠近手柄组件的主体10的端部与手柄组件的主体10的外轮廓相匹配，使得第一手柄31的轮廓与主体10的轮廓圆滑地相互衔接。
参见图2和图3以及图7a，能量开关50沿其延伸方向具有彼此相对的第一端51和第二端52，第二端52比第一端51更靠近手柄组件的主体10；在能量开关的第二端52设置有卡槽53，在第一手柄31内设置有枢轴83，卡槽53卡接在枢轴83上且可绕枢轴83旋转；在能量开关50的第一端51和第二端52之间设置有朝向第一手柄31内部凸起的第一卡接结构54，在第一手柄31内设置有第二卡接结构84，能量开关50位于释放位置时第一卡接结构54和第二卡接结构84彼此卡接，能量开关50在激发位置和释放位置之间切换时第一卡接结构54相对于第二卡接结构84运动以远离或靠近第二手柄32。这样一来，可以将能量开关50可活动地连接至第一手柄31。参见图2， 例如，提示音弹片82设置为比第一卡接结构54和第二卡接结构84靠近手柄组件的主体10，第一卡接结构54和第二卡接结构84设置为比锁紧杆62和复位原件63靠近手柄组件的主体10，且锁紧杆62和复位元件63设置为比激发凸起55和电路开关85靠近手柄组件的主体10。需要说明的是，由于图2中的附图标记比较密集，所以仅在图3中标示了卡槽53、枢轴83、第一卡接结构54和第二卡接结构54。
图7b为图1所示的手术器械的A部分的外部结构示意图，其中第一手柄未装配能量开关。参见图2以及图7a和图7b，第一手柄31具有第一半壳311和第二半壳312，第一半壳311和第二半壳312彼此连接以限定腔室以及位于腔室外部的凹槽，枢轴83和第二卡接结构84位于腔室内，凹槽的底部设置有第一开口OP1和第二开口OP2，卡槽53经第一开口OP1与枢轴83卡接且第一卡接结构54经第二开口OP2与第二卡接结构84卡接以将能量开关50连接至第一手柄31且覆盖凹槽。例如，凹槽的底部还设置有露出锁紧杆62的开口以及露出电路开关85的开口，确保锁紧杆62与能量开关50之间的相互配合以及激发凸起55与电路开关85之间的相互配合。例如，手柄组件的主体10具有第一半壳和第二半壳，手柄组件的主体10的第一半壳和第二半壳分别与第一手柄31的第一半壳311和第二半壳312一体成型，从而使得手柄组件的主体10与第一手柄31的内部空间相互连通。
例如，在根据本公开实施例的手术器械中，第一手柄31的朝向第二手柄32的一侧不具有在按压作用下可形变的结构。第二手柄32朝向第一手柄31运动以使得末端执行器21闭合且使得锁定组件到达解锁位置，在此运动过程中第二手柄32有可能撞击第一手柄31；第一手柄31的朝向第二手柄32的一侧不具有在按压作用下可形变的结构，则可以防止第二手柄32撞击第一手柄31时导致的对可按压变形的结构的任何误触发。例如，参见图1，第二手柄32的朝向第一手柄31的一侧是平坦的。例如，参见图2，第二手柄32的朝向第一手柄31的一侧具有防撞凸起，以防止第二手柄32与第一手柄31大面积地碰撞。例如，参见图图1和图2，根据本公开实施例的手术器械还包括旋转机构13，旋转连接到手柄组件的主体10；操作者旋转旋转结构13，旋转结构13带动第一传动组件41和末端执行器21以及第二传动组件42和刀头22旋转，从而操作者可以以合适的角度实施手术。
以上所述仅是本公开的示范性实施方式，而非用于限制本公开的保护范围，本公开的保护范围由所附的权利要求确定。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种手术器械，包括：
    手柄组件，包括主体、第一手柄和第二手柄，所述第一手柄固定地连接到所述主体，所述第二手柄可移动地连接到所述主体；
    末端执行器，与所述手柄组件的所述主体连接；
    第一传动组件，其中，所述第二手柄、所述第一传动组件与所述末端执行器构造为：所述第二手柄相对于所述第一手柄运动以带动所述第一传动组件，进而所述第一传动组件带动所述末端执行器；以及
    能量开关，构造为可在激发位置和释放位置之间切换，其中，所述能量开关构造为在所述激发位置时能量被传输至所述末端执行器，所述能量开关构造为在所述释放位置时能量不被传输至所述末端执行器，所述能量开关设置于所述第一手柄并且位于所述第一手柄的朝向所述第二手柄的一侧的相反侧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的手术器械，还包括锁定组件，所述锁定组件构造为可在锁定位置和解锁位置之间切换，其中，
    所述锁定组件和所述能量开关构造为所述锁定组件在所述锁定位置时所述能量开关被限制在所述释放位置；
    所述锁定组件和所述能量开关构造为所述锁定组件在所述解锁位置时所述能量开关可在激发位置和释放位置之间切换。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的手术器械，其中，所述锁定组件与所述第二手柄连接，所述第二手柄相对于所述第一手柄运动以带动所述锁定组件在所述锁定位置和所述解锁位置之间切换。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的手术器械，其中，所述第二手柄、所述末端执行器以及所述锁定组件构造为：所述第二手柄朝向所述第一手柄运动以带动所述锁定组件向解锁位置运动并经由所述第一传动组件带动所述末端执行器向闭合位置运动，并且所述第二手柄远离所述第一手柄运动以带动所述锁定组件向锁定位置运动并经由所述第一传动组件带动所述末端执行器向打开位置运动。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4任一项所述的手术器械，其中，所述锁定组件包括： 限位杆，锁紧杆以及复位元件，其中，
    所述限位杆构造为可在限位位置和非限位位置之间切换；
    所述锁定组件构造为在所述锁定位置时，所述限位杆位于限位位置，且所述复位元件处于复位状态，所述锁紧杆抵持在所述能量开关和所述限位杆之间以将所述能量开关限制在所述释放位置；
    所述锁定组件构造为在所述解锁位置时，所述限位杆位于非限位位置，所述锁紧杆的朝向所述能量开关的端部抵靠所述能量开关而所述锁紧杆朝向限位杆的端部不抵靠所述限位杆而成为自由端，以使得所述能量开关可在激发位置和释放位置之间切换，其中，在外力的作用下所述能量开关自所述释放位置移动到达所述激发位置并带动所述锁紧杆运动，所述锁紧杆驱动所述复位元件产生导致弹性回复力的形变，并且其中，撤销所述外力，所述复位元件在所述弹性回复力的作用下回复到所述复位状态并带动所述锁紧杆运动，所述锁紧杆驱动所述能量开关自所述激发位置移动到达所述释放位置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的手术器械，其中，
    所述限位杆至少部分位于所述第一手柄内且位于所述能量开关的朝向所述第二手柄的一侧并与所述能量开关隔开一间隔；
    所述锁紧杆以及所述复位元件位于所述第一手柄内且位于所述限位杆和所述能量开关之间的间隔处，并具有与所述限位杆和所述能量开关分别相交的延伸方向。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的手术器械，其中，
    所述第一手柄内设置有容放结构；
    所述复位元件连接所述锁紧杆、套设于所述锁紧杆的一部分上并与所述锁紧杆的所述一部分一起容放于所述容放结构内，所述容放结构具有供所述锁紧杆的朝向所述限位杆的端部通过的开口，在与所述锁紧杆的延伸方向垂直的方向上所述复位元件的尺寸大于所述开口的尺寸；
    所述锁紧杆具有限位台，所述限位台位于所述容放结构内且比所述复位元件靠近所述能量开关。
  8. 根据权利要求5-7任一项所述的手术器械，其中，
    所述限位杆与所述第二手柄连接，所述第二手柄朝向所述第一手柄运动以带动所述限位杆向所述非限位位置运动，所述第二手柄远离所述第一手柄 运动以带动所述限位杆向所述限位位置运动。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的手术器械，其中，
    所述手术器械包括第一滑槽，至少部分设置在所述手柄组件的所述主体内，所述第一滑槽具有靠近所述第一手柄的第一端和远离所述第一手柄的第二端；
    所述第二手柄的位于所述手柄组件的所述主体内的部分具有第二滑槽，所述第二滑槽设置在所述部分的朝向所述第一手柄的一侧，所述第二滑槽具有靠近所述第二手柄的第一端和远离所述第二手柄的第二端；
    所述限位杆具有彼此相对设置的第一凸起和第二凸起，所述第一凸起可滑动地连接于所述第一滑槽内，所述第二凸起可滑动地连接于所述第二滑槽内；
    所述第一滑槽与所述第一凸起以及所述第二滑槽与所述第二凸起配合为：所述第二手柄朝向所述第一手柄运动，使得所述第二凸起在所述第二滑槽内从所述第二滑槽的第二端朝向所述第二滑槽的第一端滑动，进而使得所述第一凸起从所述第一滑槽的第一端朝向所述第一滑槽的第二端滑动，以将所述限位杆带动到所述非限位位置；
    所述第一滑槽与所述第一凸起以及所述第二滑槽与所述第二凸起配合为：所述第二手柄远离所述第一手柄运动，使得所述第二凸起在所述第二滑槽内从所述第二滑槽的第一端朝向所述第二滑槽的第二端滑动，进而使得所述第一凸起从所述第一滑槽的第二端朝向所述第一滑槽的第一端滑动，以将所述限位杆带动到所述限位位置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的手术器械，其中，
    所述第一滑槽的延伸方向与所述限位杆的延伸方向重合；
    所述第二滑槽的延伸方向与所述第一滑槽的延伸方向相交。
  11. 根据权利要求8-10任一项所述的手术器械，还包括提示音弹片，设置于所述第一手柄内，其中，
    所述限位杆上设置有第三凸起；
    所述第二手柄朝向所述第一手柄运动以将所述限位杆带动到所述非限位位置时所述第三凸起触发所述提示音弹片发出提示音。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的手术器械，其中，
    所述能量开关具有朝向所述第一手柄内部凸起的激发凸起；
    所述第一手柄内设置有电路开关；
    所述能量开关构造为在所述激发位置时所述激发凸起按压所述电路开关以使得电路开关将从能量源到末端执行器的能量通路导通从而能量被从所述能量源传输至所述末端执行器，所述能量开关还构造为在所述释放位置时所述激发凸起与所述电路开关间隔开以使得电路开关不能将从能量源到末端执行器的能量通路导通从而能量不能被从所述能量源传输至所述末端执行器。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的手术器械，其中，
    所述能量开关用作所述第一手柄的外壳的一部分。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的手术器械，其中，
    所述能量开关沿其延伸方向具有彼此相对的第一端和第二端，所述第二端比所述第一端更靠近所述手柄组件的所述主体；
    沿从所述能量开关的第一端至第二端的方向，所述能量开关包括第一部分和第二部分，所述第二部分比所述第一部分更靠近所述手柄组件的所述主体，所述第二部分与所述第一部分一体成型且自所述第一部分朝远离所述第一手柄的方向弯折；
    在所述第一部分的任意位置处所述第一部分的垂直所述能量开关的延伸方向的截面为拱形，且沿从所述能量开关的第二端至第一端的方向，所述拱形的高度增大。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的手术器械，其中，
    所述第二部分弯折为其靠近所述手柄组件的所述主体的端部与所述手柄组件的所述主体的外轮廓相匹配。
  16. 根据权利要求1-15任一项所述的手术器械，其中，
    所述能量开关沿其延伸方向具有彼此相对的第一端和第二端，所述第二端比所述第一端更靠近所述手柄组件的所述主体；
    在所述能量开关的第二端设置有卡槽，在所述第一手柄内设置有枢轴，所述卡槽卡接在所述枢轴上且可绕所述枢轴旋转；
    在所述能量开关的第一端和第二端之间设置有朝向所述第一手柄内部凸起的第一卡接结构，在所述第一手柄内设置有第二卡接结构，所述能量开关位于释放位置时所述第一卡接结构和所述第二卡接结构彼此卡接，所述能量 开关在激发位置和释放位置之间切换时所述第一卡接结构相对于第二卡接结构运动以远离或靠近所述第二手柄。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的手术器械，其中，所述第一手柄具有第一半壳和第二半壳，所述第一半壳和所述第二半壳彼此连接以限定腔室以及位于腔室外部的凹槽，所述枢轴和所述第二卡接结构位于所述腔室内，所述凹槽的底部设置有第一开口和第二开口，所述卡槽经所述第一开口与所述枢轴卡接且所述第一卡接结构经所述第二开口与所述第二卡接结构卡接以将所述能量开关连接至所述第一手柄且覆盖所述凹槽。
  18. 根据权利要求1-17任一项所述的手术器械，其中，所述第一手柄的朝向所述第二手柄的一侧不具有在按压作用下可形变的结构。
  19. 根据权利要求1至17任一项所述的手术器械，其中，
    所述手术器械包括复位机构；
    所述末端执行器包括可开合的第一臂和第二臂；
    所述第二手柄、所述第一传动组件、所述复位机构与所述末端执行器构造为：在外力的作用下所述第二手柄朝向所述第一手柄运动以带动所述第一传动组件，进而复位机构产生导致弹性回复力的形变且所述第一传动组件带动所述末端执行器的第一臂和第二臂闭合；并且撤销所述外力，所述复位机构在所述弹性回复力的作用下复位并带动所述第一传动组件运动，进而带动所述第二手柄远离所述第一手柄运动并带动所述末端执行器的第一臂和第二臂打开。
  20. 根据权利要求1-17任一项所述的手术器械，其中，
    所述手术器械还包括刀片以及与第二传动组件，所述刀片连接在所述第二传动组件的朝向所述末端执行器的端部；
    所述手柄组件还包括第三手柄，所述第三手柄可移动地连接到所述手柄组件的所述主体，所述第三手柄、所述第二传动组件与所述刀片构造为：所述第三手柄相对于所述第一手柄运动以带动所述第二传动组件，进而所述第二传动组件带动所述刀片朝向或远离所述末端执行器运动。
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