WO2023101189A1 - 셀 밸런싱 방법 및 그 방법을 제공하는 배터리 시스템 - Google Patents
셀 밸런싱 방법 및 그 방법을 제공하는 배터리 시스템 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023101189A1 WO2023101189A1 PCT/KR2022/015106 KR2022015106W WO2023101189A1 WO 2023101189 A1 WO2023101189 A1 WO 2023101189A1 KR 2022015106 W KR2022015106 W KR 2022015106W WO 2023101189 A1 WO2023101189 A1 WO 2023101189A1
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- Prior art keywords
- cell
- balancing
- battery
- capacity
- battery cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/52—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially for charge balancing, e.g. equalisation of charge between batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/52—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially for charge balancing, e.g. equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/54—Passive balancing, e.g. using resistors or parallel MOSFETs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/80—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including monitoring or indicating arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/80—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including monitoring or indicating arrangements
- H02J7/82—Control of state of charge [SOC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/96—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage in response to battery voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Details of circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/10—Control circuit supply, e.g. means for supplying power to the control circuit
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cell balancing method for performing customized cell balancing for each cell capacity (Cell SOC, Charge of Charge) and a battery system providing the method.
- An electric vehicle (EV) and a hybrid vehicle (HV) use a battery pack as an energy source for driving a motor.
- the battery pack may include a plurality of battery cells connected in series and/or in parallel.
- aging and internal resistance values of each of a plurality of battery cells may vary, and cell deviation may occur among the plurality of battery cells.
- the cell deviation may indicate a deviation in cell capacity (SOC, State of Charge) and a deviation in cell voltage.
- SOC State of Charge
- overcharging or overdischarging may occur, thereby reducing the capacity of the entire battery pack and shortening its lifespan.
- the battery system performs cell balancing to reduce cell deviation.
- the battery system may calculate a cell balancing current value based on an open circuit voltage (OCV) value and perform cell balancing for a balancing time calculated based on the balancing current value.
- OCV open circuit voltage
- the change width of the cell voltage may be different according to the cell capacity.
- a change in cell voltage value according to a change in cell capacity may be large. That is, in the process of performing cell balancing, in the case of a battery cell having a large (or small) cell capacity, a cell voltage may be significantly lowered and a balancing current value may also be lowered. Then, for a battery cell having a large (or small) cell capacity, sufficient cell balancing may not be performed for a preset balancing time.
- the present invention provides a cell balancing method for reducing cell deviation by performing optimal cell balancing according to a cell capacity (SOC, Charge of Charge) of a battery cell, and a battery system providing the method.
- SOC Cell capacity
- Charge of Charge a cell capacity of a battery cell
- a battery system includes a battery including a plurality of battery cells, a cell monitoring IC for measuring a cell voltage of each of the plurality of battery cells, a current sensor for measuring a battery current flowing in the battery, and the Estimating the cell capacity of each of the plurality of battery cells based on the cell voltage and the battery current, extracting a minimum cell capacity among the cell capacities of each of the plurality of battery cells, and determining a balancing reference value corresponding to the minimum cell capacity and a main control circuit determining the necessity of cell balancing for each of the plurality of battery cells based on the balancing reference value.
- the main control circuit classifies the entire range of cell capacity into a plurality of SOC intervals according to a predetermined criterion, and sets an interval reference value, which is a starting condition of cell balancing, for each of the plurality of SOC intervals according to a predetermined criterion; Among the plurality of SOC sections, an SOC section to which the minimum cell capacity belongs may be selected, and a section reference value corresponding to the selected SOC section may be determined as the balancing reference value.
- the main control circuit may classify an entire range of the cell capacity into the plurality of SOC intervals based on a point at which a ratio of cell voltage to cell capacity is changed, and set the interval reference value based on the ratio.
- the main control circuit calculates a difference between the cell capacity and the minimum cell capacity for each of the plurality of battery cells, and determines that cell balancing is required for a battery cell in which the difference exceeds the balancing reference value.
- a battery system includes a plurality of switches and a plurality of resistors, controls a switching operation according to a corresponding switching signal among at least one switching signal supplied from the cell monitoring IC, and controls the cell of the battery cell.
- a cell balancing circuit that performs balancing, wherein the cell monitoring IC selects a battery cell determined to be a target of cell balancing among a plurality of battery cells according to a cell balancing control signal transmitted from the main control circuit. discharge through
- the main control circuit calculates a balancing time based on a cell capacity of a battery cell determined to be a cell balancing target, a difference value between the cell capacity and the minimum cell capacity, and a cell voltage value, and for the balancing time
- the cell balancing control signal including information may be transferred to the cell monitoring IC.
- a cell balancing method includes determining a balancing reference value based on a minimum cell capacity among cell capacities of each of a plurality of battery cells, the cell capacity of each of the plurality of battery cells and the minimum cell capacity Calculating a difference value of and determining the need for cell balancing for each of a plurality of battery cells by comparing the difference value with the balancing reference value. As a result of the determination, if cell balancing is required for at least one battery cell, the and performing cell balancing on battery cells determined to be targets of cell balancing.
- the determining of the balancing reference value may include estimating a cell capacity of each of the plurality of battery cells based on a cell voltage of each of the plurality of battery cells, and extracting a minimum cell capacity among cell capacities of each of the plurality of battery cells selecting an SOC interval to which the minimum cell capacity belongs among a plurality of SOC intervals configured by classifying all cell capacity intervals according to a predetermined criterion, and setting an interval reference value corresponding to the selected SOC interval to the balancing reference value. It may include the step of determining as.
- the plurality of SOC sections are configured by classifying all sections of the cell capacity based on a point at which the ratio of cell voltage to cell capacity is changed, and the section reference value corresponds to the cell capacity corresponding to the plurality of SOC sections. It can be set based on the ratio of cell voltage to
- the performing of the cell balancing may include calculating a balancing time based on a cell capacity of a battery cell determined to be a target of cell balancing, a difference between the cell capacity and the minimum cell capacity, and a cell voltage value, and the balancing During the time period, cell balancing of corresponding battery cells may be performed.
- a battery cell having the difference value exceeding the balancing reference value may be determined as a cell balancing target.
- the need for cell balancing is determined according to a reference value corresponding to a cell capacity, thereby increasing the accuracy of cell balancing.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a battery system providing a cell balancing method according to an exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is an exemplary diagram of a graph for explaining a reference value determined corresponding to a cell capacity according to an exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a cell balancing method according to an exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating in detail the balancing reference value determining step ( S100 ) of FIG. 3 .
- 1 is a diagram illustrating a battery system providing a cell balancing method according to an exemplary embodiment.
- 2 is an exemplary diagram of a graph for explaining a reference value determined corresponding to a cell capacity according to an exemplary embodiment.
- the battery system 1 includes a battery 2 , a BMS 3 , a relay 11 , and a current sensor 12 .
- the battery 2 includes a plurality of battery cells connected in series/parallel to supply necessary power to an external device.
- a battery 2 includes a plurality of battery cells Cell1-Celln connected in series, and is connected between two output terminals OUT1 and OUT2 of the battery system 1 .
- a relay 11 is connected between the positive electrode of the battery system 1 and the output terminal OUT1
- a current sensor 12 is connected between the negative electrode of the battery system 1 and the output terminal OUT2.
- the relay 11 controls electrical connection between the battery system 1 and an external device. When the relay 11 is turned on, the battery system 1 and an external device are electrically connected to charge or discharge. When the relay 11 is off, the battery system 1 and an external device are electrically separated.
- the external device may be a load or a charger.
- the current sensor 12 is connected in series to a current path between the battery 2 and an external device.
- the current sensor 12 may measure the current flowing in the battery 2, that is, the charging current and the discharging current, and deliver the measurement result to the BMS 3.
- the BMS 3 includes a cell balancing circuit 10, a cell monitoring IC 20, and a main control circuit 30.
- the cell balancing circuit 10 includes a plurality of switches SW1 - SWn and a plurality of resistors R1 - Rn. Each of the plurality of switches SW1 to SWn performs a switching operation according to a corresponding switching signal among a plurality of switching signals SC[1] to SC[n] supplied from the cell monitoring IC 20 .
- a corresponding switch (SWi) and a resistor (Ri) are connected in series between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the corresponding cell (Celli).
- the switch SWi When the switch SWi is turned on, a discharge path is formed between the corresponding cell Celli, the switch SWi, and the resistor Ri, and the corresponding cell Celli discharges.
- i is one of natural numbers from 1 to n.
- the cell monitoring IC 20 is electrically connected to an anode and a cathode of each of the plurality of battery cells (Cell1-Celln) to measure the cell voltage.
- a value of current (hereinafter, referred to as battery current) measured by the current sensor 12 may be transmitted to the cell monitoring IC 20 .
- the cell monitoring IC 20 transfers information about the measured cell voltage and battery current to the main control circuit 30 . Specifically, the cell monitoring IC 20 measures the cell voltage of each of the plurality of battery cells (Cell1-Celln) at predetermined cycles during a rest period when charging and discharging does not occur, and outputs the measured result to the main control circuit ( 30) forwarded.
- the cell monitoring IC 20 may discharge cells to be balanced among the plurality of battery cells Cell1-Celln through the cell balancing circuit 10 according to the cell balancing control signal transmitted from the main control circuit 30 .
- the cell monitoring IC 20 may generate a plurality of switching signals SC[1] to SC[n] according to the cell balancing control signal of the main control circuit 30 .
- Each of the switching signals SC[1] to SC[n] may control the switching operation of the corresponding switch SWi.
- the switch SWi When the on-level switching signal SC[i] is supplied to the corresponding switch SWi, the switch SWi is turned on and the corresponding cell Celli is discharged.
- the main control circuit 30 determines the balancing reference value based on the minimum cell capacity (min SOC) among the cell capacities (Csoc) of each of the plurality of battery cells (Cell1-Celln).
- the balancing reference value may be a reference value for determining (determining) a target of cell balancing among the plurality of battery cells (Cell1-Celln).
- the main control circuit 30 classifies the entire range of the cell capacity Csoc into a plurality of SOC intervals according to a predetermined criterion, and sets a range reference value, which is a starting condition for cell balancing, to a predetermined criterion for each of the plurality of SOC intervals. can be set according to In addition, the main control circuit 30 may select an SOC section to which the minimum cell capacity (min SOC) belongs among a plurality of SOC sections, and determine a section reference value corresponding to the selected SOC section as a balancing reference value.
- min SOC minimum cell capacity
- the main control circuit 30 may divide the entire cell capacity range from 0% to 100% into a plurality of SOC intervals A, B, and C according to a predetermined standard. For example, in FIG. 2 , the main control circuit 30 controls the entire cell capacity range (0% to 100%) according to the slope value of the SOC-Voltage Correlation Graph (S-VCG). It can be divided into 1 SOC section (0% or more and less than 16%), 2nd SOC section (16% or more and less than 51%), and 3rd SOC section (51% or more and 100% or less).
- S-VCG SOC-Voltage Correlation Graph
- the capacity-voltage relationship graph (S-VCG) is a graph in which cell voltage values corresponding to cell capacities (Csoc) are displayed.
- the main control circuit 30 divides the entire range of the cell capacity Csoc based on the point at which the ratio of the cell voltage to the cell capacity Csoc is changed into a plurality of SOC sections A, B, and C. ) can be divided into A point at which the ratio of the cell voltage to the cell capacity Csoc is changed may be a point at which a slope value is changed in the capacitance-voltage relationship graph S-VCG.
- the slope of the graph changes based on the cell capacity (Csoc) value of about 16%, and the slope of the graph changes again based on about 51%.
- the cell voltage change amount (ie, graph slope) is large, compared to this in the second SOC period (16% or more). % or more and less than 51%), the cell voltage change amount (ie, graph slope) is small.
- the interval reference value may be a condition for determining battery cells requiring cell balancing or a starting condition (reference value) for performing cell balancing. That is, it may be a condition for determining whether cell balancing of battery cells is required in each of a plurality of SOC sections.
- the balancing reference value may be an interval reference value corresponding to a selected SOC interval among a plurality of SOC intervals.
- the interval reference value of each of the first SOC interval (A) and the third SOC interval (C) may be 1.5%, and the interval reference value of the second SOC interval (B) may be 3%.
- a section reference value (3%) of the second SOC section (B) may be determined as a balancing reference value.
- the main control circuit 30 determines the need for cell balancing for each of the plurality of battery cells (Cell1-Celln) according to a method to be described below, and as a result of the determination, a battery cell requiring cell balancing (hereinafter, a target for cell balancing) If at least one exists, cell balancing may be performed. More detailed description will be described in detail with FIGS. 3 and 4 below.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a cell balancing method according to an exemplary embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating the balancing reference value determining step ( S100 ) of FIG. 3 in detail.
- FIGS. 1 to 4 a cell balancing method and a battery system providing the method will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 .
- the main control circuit 30 determines a balancing reference value, which is a starting condition for cell balancing (S100).
- the balancing reference value may be a starting condition (reference value) for determining whether cell balancing is required for each of the plurality of battery cells (Cell1-Celln).
- the main control circuit 30 may determine a balancing reference value corresponding to the cell capacities Csoc of the plurality of battery cells Cell1 to Celln, rather than a fixed balancing reference value.
- step S100 the main control circuit 30 determines the cell capacity (SOC) for each of the plurality of battery cells (Cell1-Celln) based on at least one of a cell voltage and a battery current for each balancing period. , Charge of Charge) is estimated (S110).
- the balancing period may be a predetermined time as a period for performing cell balancing, but is not limited thereto.
- the balancing period may include a rest period in which the battery 2 is not charged and discharged.
- the main control circuit 30 estimates the cell capacity (hereinafter referred to as Csoc) of each of the plurality of battery cells (Cell1-Celln) by various known methods for each predetermined balancing period or each idle period can do.
- step S100 the main control circuit 30 extracts the minimum cell capacity min SOC among the cell capacities Csoc for each of the plurality of battery cells Cell1-Celln (S130).
- step S100 the main control circuit 30 selects an SOC section to which the minimum cell capacity (min SOC) belongs among a plurality of SOC sections configured by classifying all sections of cell capacity according to a predetermined criterion (S150).
- step S100 the main control circuit 30 determines a section reference value corresponding to the selected SOC section as a balancing reference value (S170).
- the battery 2 includes first to fourth battery cells Cell1 to Cell4, and the first to fourth cell capacities C soc_1 for the first to fourth battery cells Cell1 to Cell4, respectively.
- C soc_2 , C soc_3 , C soc_4 ) are 26%, 29%, 30%, and 31%.
- the interval reference value corresponding to the first SOC interval (A) and the third SOC interval (C) is 1.5%
- the interval reference value corresponding to the second SOC interval (B) is 3%.
- the main control circuit 30 extracts the first cell capacity C soc_1 , which is the minimum value among the first to fourth cell capacities C soc_1 , C soc_2 , C soc_3 , and C soc_4 , as the minimum cell capacity min SOC.
- the main control circuit 30 controls the second SOC period (B) to which the first cell capacity (C soc_1 ) value (26%) belongs among the first to third SOC periods (A, B, and C).
- Choose The main control circuit 30 may determine a section reference value (3%) corresponding to the second SOC section (B) as a balancing reference value.
- the main control circuit 30 determines the necessity of cell balancing for each of the plurality of battery cells (Cell1-Celln) (S200).
- the main control circuit 30 calculates a difference between the cell capacity of each of the plurality of battery cells Cell1-Celln and the minimum cell capacity min SOC.
- the main control circuit 30 may determine a battery cell having a difference value exceeding a balancing reference value as a cell balancing target.
- the first to fourth battery cells (C soc_1 , C soc_2 , C soc_3 , C soc_4 ) are 26%, 29%, 30%, and 31%
- the first to fourth battery cells (Cell1-Cell4)
- Each difference value is 0%, 3%, 4%, and 5%.
- the main control circuit 30 may determine the second to fourth battery cells (Cell2-Cell4) whose difference exceeds the balancing reference value (3%) as the cell balancing target.
- the balancing reference value (3%) is the balancing reference value determined in step S100.
- the main control circuit 30 performs cell balancing on the battery cells determined to be subject to cell balancing (S300).
- step S300 the main control circuit 30 calculates the balancing time T B based on the cell capacity of the battery cell determined to be the target of cell balancing, the difference between the cell capacity and the minimum cell capacity, and the cell voltage value do.
- the balancing time T B is a time required to perform cell balancing of battery cells.
- the balancing time (T B ) can be calculated by the following equations (1) and (2).
- the main control circuit 30 may calculate the balancing current (I B ) value according to Equation (1) below, and calculate the balancing time (T B ) according to Equation (2) below.
- the main control circuit 30 may calculate the balancing current (I B ) value based on the cell voltage (V C ) value and the balancing resistance (R B ) value.
- a cell voltage (V C ) may correspond to a cell voltage of each of a plurality of battery cells (Cell1-Celln)
- a balancing resistor (R B ) may correspond to each of a plurality of resistors (R1-Rn). there is. That is, when the cell voltage values of the plurality of battery cells (Cell1-Celln) are different, the respective balancing current (I B ) values may also be different.
- the main control circuit 30 may calculate the balancing time T B based on the cell capacity Csoc value, the balancing current I B value, and the capacity reduction amount Dsoc.
- the cell capacity Csoc may correspond to the cell capacity of each of the plurality of battery cells Cell1-Celln.
- the balancing current (I B ) value may be the balancing current (I B ) value calculated by Equation (1) above.
- the capacity reduction amount Dsoc may be a difference between the cell capacity of each of the plurality of battery cells Cell1-Celln and the minimum cell capacity min SOC. That is, the capacity reduction amount Dsoc may correspond to a capacity value discharged from a battery cell during a cell balancing process.
- step S300 the main control circuit 30 transmits a cell balancing control signal including information about the balancing time T B to the cell monitoring IC 20, thereby performing cell balancing for the battery cells determined to be subject to cell balancing. control to be performed.
- the main control circuit 30 applies a voltage to each of the second to fourth battery cells Cell2-Cell4.
- a balancing time (T B ) can be calculated for The main control circuit 30 may control the cell monitoring IC 20 to perform cell balancing according to a balancing time T B corresponding to each of the second to fourth battery cells Cell2 to Cell4 .
- the cell monitoring IC 20 uses the cell balancing circuit 10 for battery cells determined to be subject to cell balancing among a plurality of battery cells Cell1-Celln according to a cell balancing control signal transmitted from the main control circuit 30.
- Cell balancing can be performed by discharging through the
- the main control circuit 30 counts the next balancing cycle.
- the main control circuit 30 may repeat from step S100 when the balancing period arrives (S400).
- the main control circuit 30 may newly determine a balancing reference value whenever determining whether to perform cell balancing. For example, the main control circuit 30 determines a balancing reference value for each preset period or for each idle period of the battery 2 (for example, a period in which charging and discharging is not performed), and determines the cell based on the determined balancing reference value. Balancing can be determined.
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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- Tests Of Electric Status Of Batteries (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (11)
- 복수의 배터리 셀을 포함하는 배터리,상기 복수의 배터리 셀 각각의 셀 전압을 측정하는 셀 모니터링 IC,상기 배터리에 흐르는 배터리 전류를 측정하는 전류센서, 그리고상기 셀 전압 및 상기 배터리 전류에 기초하여 상기 복수의 배터리 셀 각각의 셀 용량을 추정하고, 상기 복수의 배터리 셀 각각의 셀 용량 중 최소 셀 용량을 추출하며, 상기 최소 셀 용량에 대응하는 밸런싱 기준값을 결정하고, 상기 밸런싱 기준값에 기초하여 상기 복수의 배터리 셀 각각에 대한 셀 밸런싱의 필요성을 판단하는 메인 제어 회로를 포함하는, 배터리 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 메인 제어 회로는,셀 용량의 전체 구간을 소정의 기준에 따라 복수의 SOC 구간으로 분류하고, 상기 복수의 SOC 구간 각각에 대해 셀 밸런싱의 시작 조건인 구간 기준값을 소정의 기준에 따라 설정하며, 상기 복수의 SOC 구간 중 상기 최소 셀 용량이 속하는 SOC 구간을 선택하고, 상기 선택한 SOC 구간에 대응하는 구간 기준값을 상기 밸런싱 기준값으로 결정하는, 배터리 시스템.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 메인 제어 회로는,셀 용량에 대한 셀 전압의 비율이 변경되는 지점을 기준으로 상기 셀 용량의 전체 구간을 상기 복수의 SOC 구간으로 분류하고,상기 비율에 기초하여 상기 구간 기준값을 설정하는, 배터리 시스템.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 메인 제어 회로는,상기 복수의 배터리 셀 각각에 대해 셀 용량과 상기 최소 셀 용량과의 차이값을 계산하고,상기 차이값이 상기 밸런싱 기준값을 초과하는 배터리 셀에 대해 셀 밸런싱이 필요하다고 판단하는, 배터리 시스템.
- 제4항에 있어서,복수의 스위치 및 복수의 저항을 포함하고, 상기 셀 모니터링 IC로부터 공급되는 적어도 하나 이상의 스위칭 신호 중 대응하는 스위칭 신호에 따라 스위칭 동작을 제어하여 배터리 셀의 셀 밸런싱을 수행하는 셀 밸런싱 회로를 더 포함하고,상기 셀 모니터링 IC는,상기 메인 제어 회로로부터 전송되는 셀 밸런싱 제어 신호에 따라 복수의 배터리 셀 중 셀 밸런싱의 대상으로 판단된 배터리 셀을 상기 셀 밸런싱 회로를 통해 방전시키는, 배터리 시스템.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 메인 제어 회로는,셀 밸런싱의 대상으로 판단된 배터리 셀의 셀 용량, 상기 셀 용량과 상기 최소 셀 용량과의 차이값, 및 셀 전압 값에 기초하여 밸런싱 시간을 계산하고,상기 밸런싱 시간에 대한 정보를 포함하는 상기 셀 밸런싱 제어신호를 상기 셀 모니터링 IC에 전달하는, 배터리 시스템.
- 복수의 배터리 셀 각각의 셀 용량 중 최소 셀 용량에 기초하여 밸런싱 기준값을 결정하는 단계,상기 복수의 배터리 셀 각각의 셀 용량과 상기 최소 셀 용량과의 차이값을 계산하고, 상기 차이값과 상기 밸런싱 기준값을 비교하여 복수의 배터리 셀 각각에 대해 셀 밸런싱의 필요성을 판단하는 단계,상기 판단결과 적어도 하나 이상의 배터리 셀에 대해 셀 밸런싱이 필요하면, 상기 셀 밸런싱의 대상으로 판단된 배터리 셀에 대해 셀 밸런싱을 수행하는 단계를 포함하는, 셀 밸런싱 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 밸런싱 기준값을 결정하는 단계는,상기 복수의 배터리 셀 각각의 셀 전압에 기초하여 상기 복수의 배터리 셀 각각의 셀 용량을 추정하는 단계,상기 복수의 배터리 셀 각각의 셀 용량 중 최소 셀 용량을 추출하는 단계,셀 용량의 전체 구간이 소정의 기준에 따라 분류되어 구성되는 복수의 SOC 구간 중 상기 최소 셀 용량이 속하는 SOC 구간을 선택하는 단계, 그리고상기 선택한 SOC 구간에 대응하는 구간 기준값을 상기 밸런싱 기준값으로 결정하는 단계를 포함하는, 셀 밸런싱 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 복수의 SOC 구간은,셀 용량에 대한 셀 전압의 비율이 변경되는 지점을 기준으로 상기 셀 용량의 전체 구간을 분류하여 구성되고,상기 구간 기준값은,상기 복수의 SOC 구간에 대응하는 셀 용량에 대한 셀 전압의 비율에 기초하여 설정되는, 셀 밸런싱 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 셀 밸런싱을 수행하는 단계는,셀 밸런싱의 대상으로 판단된 배터리 셀의 셀 용량, 상기 셀 용량과 상기 최소 셀 용량과의 차이값, 및 셀 전압 값에 기초하여 밸런싱 시간을 계산하고,상기 밸런싱 시간 동안 대응하는 배터리 셀의 셀 밸런싱을 수행하는, 셀 밸런싱 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 셀 밸런싱의 필요성을 판단하는 단계는,상기 차이값이 상기 밸런싱 기준값을 초과하는 배터리 셀을 셀 밸런싱 대상으로 판단하는, 셀 밸런싱 방법.
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| JP2024505207A JP7707414B2 (ja) | 2021-12-03 | 2022-10-07 | セルバランシング方法およびその方法を提供するバッテリーシステム |
| US18/685,108 US20240372379A1 (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2022-10-07 | Cell balancing method and battery system providing the same |
| EP22901549.0A EP4379996B1 (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2022-10-07 | Cell balancing method and battery system with cell balancing |
| ES22901549T ES3064292T3 (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2022-10-07 | Cell balancing method and battery system with cell balancing |
| JP2025112081A JP2025157289A (ja) | 2021-12-03 | 2025-07-02 | セルバランシング方法およびその方法を提供するバッテリーシステム |
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| KR20250110601A (ko) * | 2024-01-12 | 2025-07-21 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 셀 밸런싱 방법 및 이를 적용한 배터리 팩 관리 시스템 |
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| EP4379996A1 (en) | 2024-06-05 |
| JP7707414B2 (ja) | 2025-07-14 |
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| CN117837049A (zh) | 2024-04-05 |
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