WO2023103282A1 - 一种天线组件和电子设备 - Google Patents

一种天线组件和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023103282A1
WO2023103282A1 PCT/CN2022/092826 CN2022092826W WO2023103282A1 WO 2023103282 A1 WO2023103282 A1 WO 2023103282A1 CN 2022092826 W CN2022092826 W CN 2022092826W WO 2023103282 A1 WO2023103282 A1 WO 2023103282A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
branch
radiator
radiating
antenna assembly
decoupling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/092826
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李宗泽
李艳波
陈文俊
尤君
王克猛
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP22902722.2A priority Critical patent/EP4421991A4/en
Priority to CN202280001239.3A priority patent/CN114788091B/zh
Priority to US18/713,372 priority patent/US20250015490A1/en
Publication of WO2023103282A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023103282A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular to an antenna component and electronic equipment.
  • the electronic device is provided with an antenna assembly, and the antenna assembly includes a plurality of radiators capable of transmitting signals of a specific frequency.
  • the radiator has multiple operating frequencies to increase the application scenarios of the electronic device.
  • the plurality of radiators can simultaneously Work to meet the needs of electronic equipment for processing large throughput and multiple data streams.
  • adjacent radiators affect each other, resulting in poor quality of signals transmitted by the radiators and poor stability of signals sent and received by electronic devices.
  • the present application provides an antenna component and an electronic device, which can reduce interference between adjacent radiators and improve the stability of sending and receiving signals of the electronic device.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides an antenna assembly, the antenna assembly includes:
  • the first radiator includes a first radial branch and a second radial branch with opposite bending directions, and a first gap exists between the first radial branch and the second radial branch;
  • the second radiator includes a third radial branch and a fourth radial branch with opposite bending directions, and a second gap exists between the third radial branch and the fourth radial branch;
  • the first radiator and the second radiator have a common part, and the common part is a common branch;
  • the feed structure is respectively electrically connected to the first radiation branch and the third radiation branch;
  • the decoupling device is arranged on the common branch, and the common branch is electrically connected to the ground terminal of the antenna component through the decoupling device.
  • the decoupling device is used to reduce the interference between the first radiator and the second radiator, which improves the quality of the signal transmitted by the first radiator and the second radiator, thereby improving the stability of the electronic equipment for sending and receiving signals. And the accuracy of signal processing by electronic equipment is improved, and the performance of electronic equipment is improved.
  • the first radiating branch and the third radiating branch are arranged in a common body, or the second radiating branch and the fourth radiating branch are arranged in a common body, so as to form a shared branch.
  • the second radiating branch and the fourth radiating branch are arranged in a common body, or the first radiating branch and the third radiating branch are arranged in a common body, which increases the flexibility of the antenna assembly structure and increases the installation position of the feeding structure flexibility to facilitate antenna assembly installation.
  • the first radiating branch and the third radiating branch arranged in a common body are connected to form a T-shaped structure, or the second radiating branch and the fourth radiating branch arranged in a common body are connected to form a T-shaped structure.
  • the two radiating branches arranged in common are connected into a T-shaped structure, which simplifies the structure of the second radiating branch, between the fourth radiating branch, the first radiating branch and the third radiating branch, thereby reducing the size of the antenna assembly.
  • the size reduces the space required for antenna assembly installation.
  • the first radiator further includes at least one fifth radiation branch, the fifth radiation branch is connected to the first radiation branch, and/or the fifth radiation branch is connected to the second radiation branch;
  • the second radiator further includes at least one sixth radiation stub, the sixth radiation stub is connected to the third radiation stub, and/or the sixth radiation stub is connected to the fourth radiation stub.
  • both the first radiator and the second radiator include a plurality of radiation branches capable of resonating with a signal of a specific frequency, so as to increase the frequency range of the signal that the first radiator and the second radiator can transmit, thereby The working performance of the first radiator and the second radiator is increased, thereby improving the working performance and scope of application of the antenna component and electronic equipment.
  • At least one fifth radial branch and at least one sixth radial branch are connected to the common branch, and the fifth radial branch and the sixth radial branch separate the common branch into multiple sections;
  • the number of the decoupling device is one, and the decoupling device is arranged at a section of the common branch close to the grounding end.
  • the decoupling device is set at a section of the common branch close to the ground end, so that the decoupling device can decouple the antenna component when the antenna component works in any frequency band, thereby improving the reliability of the decoupling device, and Improved operational stability of antenna components and electronics.
  • At least one fifth radial branch and at least one sixth radial branch are connected to the common branch, and the fifth radial branch and the sixth radial branch separate the common branch into multiple sections;
  • each section of the common branches is provided with a decoupling device.
  • a decoupling device is provided on each section of the common branch.
  • other decoupling devices can also work normally, thereby improving the reliability of the decoupling device, and Improved operational stability of antenna components and electronics.
  • the first radiating branch, the second radiating branch and the grounding terminal form a first space
  • the third radiating branch, the fourth radiating branch and the grounding terminal form a second space
  • the antenna assembly also includes at least one first protruding portion and at least one second protruding portion, and the first protruding portion and the second protruding portion are both connected to the ground terminal, the first protruding portion is arranged in the first space, and the second protruding portion The two protrusions are arranged in the second space.
  • the first protruding part and the second protruding part change the distance between the first radiator and the ground terminal, and the distance between the second radiator and the ground terminal, thereby changing the distance between the first radiating stub and the second radiating stub.
  • the coupling relationship between the third radiation branch and the fourth radiation branch thereby reducing the interference between the first radiator and the second radiator, thereby improving the working stability of the first radiator and the second radiator.
  • the decoupling device includes one or more decoupling capacitors
  • the decoupling device is composed of lumped components, and/or the decoupling device is composed of distributed parameter structures.
  • the decoupling capacitor can absorb part of the energy radiated by the first radiator, thereby preventing the radiation from the first radiator The energy interferes with the resonance between the second radiator and the signal, thereby improving the working stability of the second radiator.
  • the decoupling device includes decoupling capacitors and inductors, the number of decoupling capacitors is one or more, and the number of inductors is one or more;
  • decoupling capacitors are connected in series with the inductor, and/or multiple decoupling capacitors are connected in parallel with the inductor;
  • the decoupling device is composed of lumped components, and/or the decoupling device is composed of distributed parameter structures.
  • the decoupling capacitor value of the decoupling device is flexible and changeable to meet the decoupling requirements of different frequencies, thereby improving the working performance and scope of application of the decoupling device .
  • the second aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:
  • the antenna assembly is the antenna assembly described in any one of the above, and the antenna assembly is electrically connected to the main body through a feeding device.
  • the antenna component can reduce the interference between the adjacent first radiator and the second radiator, thereby improving the working stability of the electronic device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an electronic device provided by the present application in an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna assembly in FIG. 1 in an embodiment
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of current flow when the antenna assembly in Fig. 2 is fed in a common mode
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of current flow when the antenna assembly in Fig. 2 is fed in a differential mode
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of current distribution after the antenna assembly in FIG. 2 is decoupled
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the decoupling effect of the antenna assembly provided by the present application in an embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a decoupling device for an antenna assembly provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the decoupling device of the antenna assembly provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the decoupling effect of the antenna assembly provided by the present application in another embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna assembly in FIG. 1 in another embodiment
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna assembly in Fig. 1 in another embodiment
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna assembly in Fig. 1 in another embodiment
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna assembly in Fig. 1 in another embodiment
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the antenna assembly in Fig. 1 .
  • first”, “second”, “third”, and “fourth” are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the indicated The number of technical characteristics. Thus, a feature defined as “first”, “second”, “third” and “fourth” may expressly or implicitly include one or more of such features.
  • connection can be detachably connected, or It is a non-detachable connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
  • references to "one embodiment” or “some embodiments” or the like in this specification means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application.
  • appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment,” “in some embodiments,” “in other embodiments,” “in other embodiments,” etc. in various places in this specification are not necessarily All refer to the same embodiment, but mean “one or more but not all embodiments” unless specifically stated otherwise.
  • the terms “including”, “comprising”, “having” and variations thereof mean “including but not limited to”, unless specifically stated otherwise.
  • the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, as shown in Figure 1, the electronic device includes a body 2 and an antenna assembly 1, at least part of the antenna assembly 1 is electrically or signally connected to the body 2, when the electronic device is working , the antenna assembly 1 can receive or send signals, so as to realize the transmission of signals between the electronic device and the outside world.
  • the antenna assembly 1 at least includes a first radiator 11 and a second radiator 12 that can work simultaneously in the same frequency band, and at the same time, the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 have Multiple operating frequency bands enable the antenna assembly 1 to transmit signals of different frequencies, so as to improve the application scenarios of electronic devices.
  • the antenna assembly 1 provided in the present application can reduce the interference between the adjacent first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 , thereby improving the working stability of the electronic device.
  • the body 2 connected with the antenna assembly 1 may be a metal casing, a circuit board, copper skin, etc. of an electronic device, and the application does not specifically limit the specific structure of the body 2 .
  • the antenna assembly 1 includes: a first radiator 11 , a second radiator 12 , a feeding structure 14 and a decoupling device 15 .
  • the first radiator 11 includes a first radiating branch 111 and a second radiating branch 112 with opposite bending directions, and a first gap 113 exists between the first radiating branch 111 and the second radiating branch 112;
  • the second radiating body 12 includes a curved
  • the third radiating branch 121 and the fourth radiating branch 122 in opposite directions, there is a second gap 123 between the third radiating branch 121 and the fourth radiating branch 122; wherein, the first radiating body 11 and the second radiating body 12 have a common part , the common part is the common branch 13, the decoupling device 15 is arranged on the common branch 13, and the common branch 13 is electrically connected to the ground terminal 16 of the antenna assembly 1 through the decoupling device 15; the feeding structure 14 is respectively connected to the first radiation branch 111 and The third radiating branch 121 is electrically connected.
  • the antenna assembly 1 includes at least a first radiator 11 and a second radiator 12, and the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 can work simultaneously in the same frequency band.
  • the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 can resonate with a signal of a specific frequency at the same time, and transmit the received signal to the chip of the electronic device through the feed structure 14, so that the electronic device can identify and process the signal, Since the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 resonate with the signal of the same frequency at the same time, the adjacent first radiator 11 and the second radiation interfere with each other, causing the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 to transmit Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, a decoupling device 15 is provided on the common branch 13 of the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12, and the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 15 are reduced by the decoupling device 15.
  • the decoupling device 15 is arranged on the common branch 13 of the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12, so that the decoupling device 15 can not only reduce the interference of the first radiator 11 to the second radiator 12, but also reduce the interference of the second radiator 12.
  • the interference of the second radiator 12 on the first radiator 11 improves the working stability of the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 while improving the utilization rate of the decoupling device 15 and reducing the structural complexity of the antenna assembly 1 , thereby reducing the size of the antenna assembly 1 and reducing the space required for the installation of the antenna assembly 1 .
  • the first radiator 11 includes a first radiation branch 111 and a second radiation branch 112 with opposite bending directions
  • a first gap 113 exists between the first radiation branch 111 and the second radiation branch 112
  • the second radiator 12 includes The third radiating branch 121 and the fourth radiating branch 122 with opposite bending directions, there is a second gap 123 between the third radiating branch 121 and the fourth radiating branch 122, so that the first radiating body 11 and the second radiating body 12 can be connected with Signals of multiple frequencies resonate, thereby increasing the frequency range of signals transmitted by the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 , thereby increasing the application scenarios of electronic equipment and improving the performance of the antenna assembly 1 and electronic equipment.
  • connection mode between the feed structure 14 and the radiator can be a direct connection or a coupled connection.
  • the connection method is not particularly limited.
  • the decoupling device 15 includes one or more decoupling capacitors 151 .
  • the decoupling capacitor 151 can absorb part of the energy radiated by the first radiator 11, thereby preventing the first The energy radiated by the radiator 11 interferes with the resonance between the second radiator 12 and the signal, thereby improving the working stability of the second radiator 12 .
  • the specific method for determining the capacitance value of the decoupling capacitor 151 is as follows: first, as shown in FIG.
  • the phase of the signal is the same as that of the excitation signal applied on the second radiator 12.
  • the direction of the current on the first radiator 11 is opposite to the direction of the current on the second radiator 12, and the current on the first radiator 111
  • the current direction is the same as the current direction on the second radiation branch 112
  • the current direction on the third radiation branch 121 is the same as the current direction on the fourth radiation branch 122
  • the current direction on the ground terminal 16 of the antenna assembly 1 is the same as that of the first radiation branch 121.
  • the direction of the current on the body 11 is opposite, and the direction of the current on the ground terminal is opposite to the direction of the current on the second radiator 12.
  • the position of the decoupling capacitor 151 is exactly the point where the current of the common mode feed is large; then, as shown in the figure 4, the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 are fed in differential mode, that is, the phase of the excitation signal applied to the first radiator 11 is opposite to the phase of the excitation signal applied to the second radiator 12, At this time, the current direction on the first radiator 11 is the same as the current direction on the second radiator 12, and the current direction on the first radiation branch 111, the current direction on the second radiation branch 112, the current direction on the third radiation branch 121
  • the current direction on the ground terminal 16 is the same as the current direction on the fourth radiation branch 122, and the current direction on the ground terminal 16 is the same as the current direction on the first radiator 11 and the current direction on the second radiator 12.
  • the solution The position of the coupling capacitor 151 is exactly the small point of the differential mode feeding current.
  • the capacitance value of the decoupling capacitor 151 is adjusted so that the current fed by the common mode and the current fed by the differential mode add up on the first radiator 11 and cancel on the second radiator 12 , so as to reduce the risk of the current generated by the resonance between the first radiator 11 and the signal entering the second radiator 12, thereby reducing the interference of the first radiator 11 to the second radiator 12.
  • the common-mode feed current The current fed by the differential mode is added to the second radiator 12 and canceled on the first radiator 11 , which can reduce the interference of the second radiator 12 to the first radiator 11 .
  • the above steps are repeated to obtain the value range of the decoupling capacitor 151 in the first operating frequency band and the second operating frequency band respectively.
  • the value range of the decoupling capacitor 151 is selected, and the common capacitance value in multiple value ranges is selected, so that the decoupling capacitor 151 can decouple the antenna assembly 1 in multiple frequency bands, and the first radiator 11 is reduced.
  • the risk of failure of the decoupling capacitor 151 due to a change in the frequency of the signal transmitted by the second radiator 12 thereby improving the stability of the decoupling capacitor 151 , thereby improving the stability of the decoupling device 15 and the antenna assembly 1 .
  • the antenna assembly 1 can transmit signals of 3.9G frequency and 5.2G frequency.
  • the isolation of the decoupling device 15 is 39.8dB, Compared with the isolation without decoupling, the isolation is increased by 27.4dB.
  • the isolation of the decoupling device 15 is 38.2dB, which is 38.2dB compared to the isolation without decoupling. 23.9dB.
  • a decoupling device 15 is provided to improve the isolation between the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 and improve the impedance matching between the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12. , further improving the working performance of the antenna assembly 1 .
  • a plurality of decoupling capacitors 151 may be connected in series or in parallel, and the present application does not specifically limit the series and parallel connection of the decoupling capacitors 151 .
  • the decoupling device 15 includes an inductor 152 and a decoupling capacitor 151, the number of the decoupling capacitor 151 is one or more, the number of the inductor 152 is one or more, and the decoupling The capacitor 151 is connected in series with the inductor 152 , and/or, the decoupling capacitor 151 is connected in parallel with the inductor 152 .
  • the value of the decoupling capacitor 151 of the decoupling device 15 is flexible and changeable to meet the decoupling requirements of different frequencies, thereby improving the work of the decoupling device 15 performance and scope of application.
  • FIG. 9 when the antenna assembly 1 of this embodiment transmits signals of 2.4G frequency and 5G frequency, two decoupling resonances can be generated simultaneously.
  • the isolation of the decoupling device 15 is better than 15dB, and the isolation of the decoupling device 15 can reach a maximum of 39dB, which is 29.5dB higher than the isolation without decoupling , where the edge isolation of 2.4G frequency is 15.6dB, and the edge isolation of 2.5G frequency is 21.3dB, which are respectively improved by 6.5dB and 11.8dB compared with the isolation without decoupling; when antenna component 1 transmits 5G
  • the isolation of the decoupling device 15 is better than 20dB, and the isolation of the decoupling device 15 can reach up to 50dB, which is 37dB higher than the isolation without decoupling.
  • the frequency of 5.15G and The edge isolation of the 5.85G frequency is about 20dB, which is about 8.5dB higher than that without decoupling.
  • the series-parallel connection form of the decoupling capacitor 151 and the inductor 152 is flexible and changeable, and the present application makes no special limitation on the series-parallel connection form of the decoupling capacitor 151 and the inductor 152 .
  • the decoupling device 15 described in any of the above embodiments includes, but is not limited to, realized by an integrated device composition, and/or realized by a distributed parameter structure, and the present application does not specifically limit the implementation of the decoupling capacitor 151 .
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides multiple deformation structures of the above-mentioned antenna assembly 1.
  • the second radiation branch 112 and the fourth radiation branch 122 are connected to form a T-shaped structure; in another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10 , the first radiation branch 111 and the third radiation branch 121 are co-located to form The branches 13 are shared, and the first radiating branch 111 and the third radiating branch 121 are connected to form a T-shaped structure.
  • the first radiating branch 111 and the third radiating branch 121 may be arranged in a common body, or the second radiating branch 112 and the fourth radiating branch 122 may be arranged in a common body. As shown in FIG. 2, when the second radiation branch 112 and the fourth radiation branch 122 are co-located, the first radiation branch 111 is located on the side away from the second radiator 12, and the third radiation branch 121 is located on the side away from the first radiator.
  • the feed structure 14 is located outside the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12, so that the feed structure 14 is connected to the first radiation branch 111 and the third radiation branch 121; as shown in Figure 10
  • the second radiation branch 112 is located on the side away from the second radiator 12
  • the fourth radiation branch 122 is located on a side away from the first radiator 11.
  • at least part of the feeding structure 14 is located inside the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 .
  • the second radiating branch 112 and the fourth radiating branch 122 are arranged in a common body, or the first radiating branch 111 and the third radiating branch 121 are arranged in a common body, which increases the flexibility of the structure of the antenna assembly 1 and increases the feed rate.
  • the flexibility of the installation position of the electrical structure 14 facilitates the installation of the antenna assembly 1; at the same time, by changing the installation position of the feed structure 14, the distance between the first radiation branch 111 and the second radiation branch 112, the third radiation branch 121
  • the coupling relationship with the fourth radiation branch 122 reduces the interference between the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 , thereby improving the working stability of the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 .
  • the decoupling device 15 when the first radiating branch 111 and the third radiating branch 121 are arranged together, the decoupling device 15 produces three decoupling resonances, which are respectively located at 3.4G frequency, 5.6G frequency and 6G frequency, and the isolation at 3.4G frequency The degree is increased to 33dB, and the decoupling resonance of the 5.6G frequency and the 6G frequency constitutes a 30dB isolation bandwidth exceeding 600MHz. It can be seen that when the first radiation branch 111 and the third radiation branch 121 are co-located, dual It is used to form the broadband decoupling effect of 5G while frequency decoupling.
  • the second radiating branch 112 and the fourth radiating branch 122 arranged in a common body are connected to form a T-shaped structure, or the first radiating branch 111 and the third radiating branch 121 arranged in a common body are connected to form a T-shaped structure, which simplifies the structure of the second radiating branch.
  • 112 between the fourth radiating branches 122 , the first radiating branch 111 and the third radiating branch 121 , thereby reducing the size of the antenna assembly 1 and reducing the space required for the installation of the antenna assembly 1 .
  • the two radial branches arranged in the common body can also be connected to form a Y-shaped structure, and the present application does not specifically limit the structure of the two radial branches arranged in the common body.
  • the first radiator 11 further includes at least one fifth radiation branch 114, the fifth radiation branch 114 is connected to the first radiation branch 111, and/or, the fifth radiation branch 114 Connected to the second radiation branch 112;
  • the second radiation body 12 further includes at least one sixth radiation branch 124, the sixth radiation branch 124 is connected to the third radiation branch 121, and/or, the sixth radiation branch 124 is connected to the fourth radiation branch 122 connections.
  • both the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 include a plurality of radiation branches capable of resonating with a signal of a specific frequency, so as to increase the signal that the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 can transmit frequency range, thereby increasing the working performance of the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12, thereby improving the working performance and scope of application of the antenna assembly 1 and electronic equipment.
  • the present application makes no special limitation on the quantity, size, installation position, bending direction, etc. of the fifth radiating branch 114 and the sixth radiating branch 124 .
  • At least one fifth radial branch 114 and at least one sixth radial branch 124 are connected to the common branch 13 , and the fifth radial branch 114 and the sixth radial branch 124 will share the branch 13 Divided into multiple sections; the number of decoupling device 15 is one, and the decoupling device 15 is arranged at a section of the common branch 13 close to the ground terminal 16 .
  • the decoupling device 15 is arranged at a section of the common branch 13 close to the ground terminal 16, that is, the plurality of radiation branches on the common branch 13 are all connected to the ground terminal 16 through the decoupling device 15, so that the antenna assembly 1 When working in any frequency band, the decoupling device 15 can decouple the antenna assembly 1, thereby improving the reliability of the decoupling device 15, and improving the working stability of the antenna assembly 1 and electronic equipment.
  • the single decoupling device 15 generates three decoupling resonances, which are respectively located at 3.39G frequency, 4G frequency and 5.56G frequency.
  • the isolation of the antenna component 1 is 33dB; when the frequency of the signal transmitted by the antenna component 1 is 4G, the isolation of the antenna component 1 is 32.5dB; when the antenna component 1 When the frequency of the transmitted signal is 5.56G, the isolation of the antenna assembly 1 is 45dB.
  • At least one fifth radial branch 114 and at least one sixth radial branch 124 are connected to the common branch 13, and the fifth radial branch 114 and the sixth radial branch 124 will share the branch 13 is divided into multiple sections; the number of decoupling devices 15 is multiple, and a decoupling device 15 is provided on each section that shares branches 13 .
  • the first radiating branch 111, the second radiating branch 112 and the ground terminal 16 enclose the first space 115, and the third radiating branch 121, the fourth radiating branch 122 and the ground terminal 16 encloses a second space 125;
  • the antenna assembly 1 also includes at least one first raised portion 17 and at least one second raised portion 18, and the first raised portion 17 and the second raised portion 18 are connected to the ground terminal 16
  • the first protruding portion 17 is disposed in the first space 115
  • the second protruding portion 18 is disposed in the second space 125 .
  • At least one first raised portion 17 is set in the first space 115, and at least one second raised portion 18 is set in the second space 125, so as to change the relationship between the first radiator 11 and the ground terminal 16,
  • the distance between the second radiator 12 and the ground terminal 16 changes the coupling relationship between the first radiation branch 111 and the second radiation branch 112, and between the third radiation branch 121 and the fourth radiation branch 122, so that the first The decoupling resonances of the radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 move to low frequencies at the same time, from 3.9G and 5.2G to 3.6G and 4.5G respectively, and the relative frequency multiplication relationship of the double decoupling resonance drops from 1.33 to 1.25, thus It can be seen that the decoupling resonance distance between the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 is reduced, that is, the interference between the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 is reduced, thereby improving the first radiator 11 and the second radiator.
  • the cross-sections of the first raised portion 17 and the second raised portion 18 can be rectangular, semicircular, triangular, etc., and the present application does not specify the cross-sectional shapes of the first raised portion 17 and the second raised portion 18. Special limited.
  • the first protruding portion 17 and the second protruding portion 18 can be fixedly connected or integrally formed with the ground terminal 16 to increase the structural flexibility of the first protruding portion 17 , the second protruding portion 18 and the ground terminal 16 .
  • the working frequency band of the antenna assembly 1 described in any of the above embodiments is an example, and the present application does not specifically limit the working frequency band of the antenna assembly 1 .

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Abstract

本申请涉及天线组件和电子设备，该天线组件包括：第一辐射体、第二辐射体、馈电结构和解耦装置。第一辐射体包括弯折方向相反的第一辐射枝节和第二辐射枝节，第一辐射枝节和第二辐射枝节之间存在第一缝隙；第二辐射体包括弯折方向相反的第三辐射枝节和第四辐射枝节，第三辐射枝节和第四辐射枝节之间存在第二缝隙；馈电结构分别与第一辐射枝节和第三辐射枝节电连接；第一辐射体与第二辐射体存在共有部分，共有部分为共有枝节，共有枝节通过解耦装置与天线组件的接地端电连接。通过解耦装置降低第一辐射体和第二辐射体之间的干扰，提升了第一辐射体和第二辐射体传递信号的质量，进而提升电子设备收发信号的稳定性，提升电子设备的使用性能。

Description

一种天线组件和电子设备
本申请要求在2021年12月6日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202123040809.1的中国专利申请的优先权，发明名称为“一种天线组件和电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及天线技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线组件和电子设备。
背景技术
随着终端电子设备的应用和发展，用户对电子设备的工作性能的需求越来越高。电子设备设置有天线组件，天线组件包括多个能够传输特定频率的信号的辐射体，辐射体具有多个工作频率，以增加电子设备的应用场景，同时，多个辐射体能够在同频段下同时工作，以满足电子设备对大吞吐多数据流的处理的需求。通常情况下，多个辐射体同时工作时，相邻辐射体会相互影响，导致辐射体传输信号的质量差，使得电子设备收发信号的稳定性差。
实用新型内容
本申请提供了一种天线组件和电子设备，能够降低相邻辐射体之间的干扰，提升电子设备收发信号的稳定性。
本申请第一方面提供一种天线组件，该天线组件包括：
第一辐射体，第一辐射体包括弯折方向相反的第一辐射枝节和第二辐射枝节，第一辐射枝节和第二辐射枝节之间存在第一缝隙；
第二辐射体，第二辐射体包括弯折方向相反的第三辐射枝节和第四辐射枝节，第三辐射枝节和第四辐射枝节之间存在第二缝隙；
第一辐射体与第二辐射体存在共有部分，共有部分为共有枝节；
馈电结构，馈电结构分别与第一辐射枝节和第三辐射枝节电连接；
解耦装置，解耦装置设置于共有枝节，且共有枝节通过解耦装置与天线组件的接地端电连接。
在本申请中，通过解耦装置降低第一辐射体和第二辐射体之间的干扰，提升了第一辐射体和第二辐射体传递信号的质量，进而提升电子设备收发信号的稳定性，并提升了电子设备对信号处理的准确性，提升电子设备的使用性能。
在一种可能的设计中，第一辐射枝节与第三辐射枝节共体设置，或，第二辐射枝节与第四辐射枝节共体设置，以形成共有枝节。
在本申请中，第二辐射枝节与第四辐射枝节共体设置，或，第一辐射枝节与第三 辐射枝节共体设置，增加了天线组件结构的灵活性，同时增加了馈电结构安装位置的灵活性，以便于天线组件的安装。
在一种可能的设计中，共体设置的第一辐射枝节和第三辐射枝节连接成T型结构，或，共体设置的第二辐射枝节和第四辐射枝节连接成T型结构。
在本申请中，共体设置的两个辐射枝节连接成T型结构，简化了第二辐射枝节、第四辐射枝节之间、第一辐射枝节和第三辐射枝节结构，从而减小了天线组件的尺寸，降低了天线组件安装所需要的空间。
在一种可能的设计中，第一辐射体还包括至少一个第五辐射枝节，第五辐射枝节与第一辐射枝节连接，和/或，第五辐射枝节与第二辐射枝节连接；
第二辐射体还包括至少一个第六辐射枝节，第六辐射枝节与第三辐射枝节连接，和/或，第六辐射枝节与第四辐射枝节连接。
在本申请中，第一辐射体和第二辐射体均包括多个能够与特定频率的信号发生谐振的辐射枝节，以增加第一辐射体和第二辐射体能够传输的信号的频率范围，从而增加第一辐射体和第二辐射体的工作性能，进而提升了天线组件和电子设备的工作性能和适用范围。
在一种可能的设计中，共有枝节上连接有至少一个第五辐射枝节和至少一个第六辐射枝节，第五辐射枝节和第六辐射枝节将共有枝节分隔为多段；
解耦装置的数量为一个，且解耦装置设置在共有枝节靠近接地端的一段。
在本申请中，将解耦装置设置在共有枝节靠近接地端的一段，使得天线组件工作在任一频段时解耦装置均能够对天线组件进行解耦，从而提升了解耦装置工作的可靠性，并提升了天线组件和电子设备的工作稳定性。
在一种可能的设计中，共有枝节上连接有至少一个第五辐射枝节和至少一个第六辐射枝节，第五辐射枝节和第六辐射枝节将共有枝节分隔为多段；
解耦装置的数量为多个，且共有枝节的每一段上均设置有解耦装置。
在本申请中，在共有枝节的每一段上均设置有解耦装置，当某一个解耦装置被短路时，其他解耦装置也能够正常工作，从而提升了解耦装置工作的可靠性，并提升了天线组件和电子设备的工作稳定性。
在一种可能的设计中，第一辐射枝节、第二辐射枝节和接地端围成第一空间，第三辐射枝节、第四辐射枝节和接地端围成第二空间；
天线组件还包括至少一个第一凸起部和至少一个第二凸起部，且第一凸起部和第二凸起部均与接地端连接，第一凸起部设置于第一空间，第二凸起部设置于第二空间。
在本申请中，第一凸起部和第二凸起部改变了第一辐射体与接地端、第二辐射体与接地端之间的距离，从而改变第一辐射枝节与第二辐射枝节之间、第三辐射枝节与第四辐射枝节之间的耦合关系，从而降低第一辐射体和第二辐射体之间的干扰，进而提升第一辐射体和第二辐射体的工作稳定性。
在一种可能的设计中，解耦装置包括一个或多个解耦电容；
解耦装置通过集总器件组成，和/或，解耦装置通过分布参数结构组成。
在本申请中，当第一辐射体与特定频率的信号发生谐振时会产生能量并向外界辐射，此时解耦电容能够吸收第一辐射体辐射的部分能量，从而防止第一辐射体辐射的 能量干扰第二辐射体与信号的谐振，从而提升第二辐射体的工作稳定性。
在一种可能的设计中，解耦装置包括解耦电容和电感，解耦电容的数量为一个或多个，电感的数量为一个或多个；
多个解耦电容与电感串联，和/或，多个解耦电容与电感并联；
解耦装置通过集总器件组成，和/或，解耦装置通过分布参数结构组成。
在本申请中，通过设置电感和多个解耦电容，使得解耦装置的解耦电容值灵活多变，以适应不同的频率的解耦需求，从而提升了解耦装置的工作性能和适用范围。
本申请第二方面提供一种电子设备，该电子设备包括：
本体；
天线组件，天线组件为以上任一项所述的天线组件，天线组件通过馈电装置与本体电连接。
在本申请中，天线组件能够降低相邻的第一辐射体和第二辐射体之间的干扰，进而提升电子设备的工作稳定性。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性的，并不能限制本申请。
附图说明
图1为本申请所提供的电子设备在一种实施例中的局部结构示意图；
图2为图1中的天线组件在一种实施例中的结构示意图；
图3为图2中的天线组件处于共模馈电时的电流流向示意图；
图4为图2中的天线组件处于差模馈电时的电流流向示意图；
图5为图2中的天线组件解耦后的电流分布示意图；
图6为本申请所提供的天线组件在一种实施例中的解耦效果的示意图；
图7为本申请所提供的天线组件的解耦装置在一种实施例中的结构示意图；
图8为本申请所提供的天线组件的解耦装置在另一种实施例中的结构示意图；
图9为本申请所提供的天线组件在另一种实施例中的解耦效果的示意图；
图10为图1中的天线组件在另一种实施例中的结构示意图；
图11为图1中的天线组件在另一种实施例中的结构示意图；
图12为图1中的天线组件在另一种实施例中的结构示意图；
图13为图1中的天线组件在另一种实施例中的结构示意图；
图14为图1中的天线组件在另一种实施例中的结构示意图。
附图标记：
1-天线组件；
11-第一辐射体；
111-第一辐射枝节；
112-第二辐射枝节；
113-第一缝隙；
114-第五辐射枝节；
115-第一空间；
12-第二辐射体；
121-第三辐射枝节；
122-第四辐射枝节；
123-第二缝隙；
124-第六辐射枝节；
125-第二空间；
13-共有枝节；
14-馈电结构；
15-解耦装置；
151-解耦电容；
152-电感；
16-接地端；
17-第一凸起部；
18-第二凸起部；
2-本体。
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本申请的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本申请的原理。
具体实施方式
为了更好的理解本申请的技术方案，下面结合附图对本申请实施例进行详细描述。
虽然本申请的描述将结合一些实施例一起介绍，但这并不代表此申请的特征仅限于该实施方式。恰恰相反，结合实施方式作申请介绍的目的是为了覆盖基于本申请的权利要求而有可能延伸出的其它选择或改造。为了提供对本申请的深度了解，以下描述中将包含许多具体的细节。本申请也可以不使用这些细节实施。此外，为了避免混乱或模糊本申请的重点，有些具体细节将在描述中被省略。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在本申请实施例中，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。
在本申请实施例中，“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是可拆卸地连接，也可以是不可 拆卸地连接；可以是直接连接，也可以通过中间媒介间接连接。本申请实施例中所提到的方位用语，例如，“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等，仅是参考附图的方向，因此，使用的方位用语是为了更好、更清楚地说明及理解本申请实施例，而不是指示或暗指所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。“多个”是指至少两个。
在本说明书中描述的参考“一个实施例”或“一些实施例”等意味着在本申请的一个或多个实施例中包括结合该实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特点。由此，在本说明书中的不同之处出现的语句“在一个实施例中”、“在一些实施例中”、“在其他一些实施例中”、“在另外一些实施例中”等不是必然都参考相同的实施例，而是意味着“一个或多个但不是所有的实施例”，除非是以其他方式另外特别强调。术语“包括”、“包含”、“具有”及它们的变形都意味着“包括但不限于”，除非是以其他方式另外特别强调。
在一种具体实施例中，下面通过具体的实施例并结合附图对本申请做进一步的详细描述。
本申请实施例第一方面提供一种电子设备，如图1所示，该电子设备包括本体2和天线组件1，天线组件1的至少部分与本体2电连接或信号连接，当电子设备工作时，天线组件1能够接收或发送信号，以实现电子设备与外界的信号的传输。为了增加电子设备能够处理的数据量，天线组件1至少包括能够在同频段下同时工作的第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12，同时，第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12均具有多个工作频段，使得天线组件1能够传递不同频率的信号，以提升电子设备的应用场景。在现有技术中，当第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12在同频段下同时工作时，相邻的第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12会相互干扰，导致第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12传输的信号质量下降，从而降低电子设备的收发信号的稳定性。而本申请所提供的天线组件1能够降低相邻的第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12之间的干扰，进而提升电子设备的工作稳定性。
其中，与天线组件1连接的本体2可以为电子设备的金属外壳、电路板、铜皮等，本申请对本体2的具体结构不做特设限定。
具体地，如图2所示，该天线组件1包括：第一辐射体11、第二辐射体12、馈电结构14和解耦装置15。第一辐射体11包括弯折方向相反的第一辐射枝节111和第二辐射枝节112，第一辐射枝节111和第二辐射枝节112之间存在第一缝隙113；第二辐射体12包括弯折方向相反的第三辐射枝节121和第四辐射枝节122，第三辐射枝节121和第四辐射枝节122之间存在第二缝隙123；其中，第一辐射体11与第二辐射体12存在共有部分，共有部分为共有枝节13，解耦装置15设置于共有枝节13，且共有枝节13通过解耦装置15与天线组件1的接地端16电连接；馈电结构14分别与第一辐射枝节111和第三辐射枝节121电连接。
在本实施例中，天线组件1至少包括第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12，且第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12能够在同频段下同时工作，当天线组件1工作时，第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12能够同时与特定频率的信号发生谐振，并通过馈电结构14将接受到的信号传递至电子设备的芯片上，以便于电子设备对信号进行识别处理，由于第 一辐射体11和第二辐射体12同时与同一频率的信号发生谐振，使得相邻的第一辐射体11和第二辐射相互干扰，导致第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12传输的信号质量下降，因此，本申请实施例中，在第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12的共有枝节13上设置有解耦装置15，通过解耦装置15降低第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12之间的干扰，从而提升第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12传递信号的质量，进而提升电子设备收发信号的稳定性，并提升了电子设备对信号处理的准确性，提升电子设备的使用性能。将解耦装置15设置在第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12的共有枝节13上，使得解耦装置15既能够降低第一辐射体11对第二辐射体12的干扰，又能够降低第二辐射体12对第一辐射体11的干扰，提升第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12工作稳定性的同时，提升了解耦装置15的利用率，降低了天线组件1的结构复杂度，从而减小了天线组件1的尺寸，降低了天线组件1安装所需要的空间。
其中，第一辐射体11包括弯折方向相反的第一辐射枝节111和第二辐射枝节112，第一辐射枝节111和第二辐射枝节112之间存在第一缝隙113，第二辐射体12包括弯折方向相反的第三辐射枝节121和第四辐射枝节122，第三辐射枝节121和第四辐射枝节122之间存在第二缝隙123，使得第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12能够与多个频率的信号发生谐振，从而增加了第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12传递的信号的频率范围，进而增加了电子设备的应用场景，提升了天线组件1和电子设备的工作性能。
此外，馈电结构14与辐射体(辐射体即上述第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12)的连接方式可以为直接连接，也可以为耦合连接，本申请对馈电结构14与辐射体的连接方式不做特殊限定。
具体地，解耦装置15包括一个或多个解耦电容151。
在本实施例中，当第一辐射体11与特定频率的信号发生谐振时会产生能量并向外界辐射，此时解耦电容151能够吸收第一辐射体11辐射的部分能量，从而防止第一辐射体11辐射的能量干扰第二辐射体12与信号的谐振，从而提升第二辐射体12的工作稳定性。
具体的解耦电容151的电容值的确定方法如下：首先，如图3所示，对第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12进行共模馈电，即第一辐射体11上施加的激励信号的相位与第二辐射体12上施加的激励信号的相位相同，此时，第一辐射体11上的电流方向与第二辐射体12上的电流方向相反，且第一辐射枝节111上的电流方向和第二辐射枝节112上的电流方向相同，第三辐射枝节121上的电流方向和第四辐射枝节122上的电流方向相同，天线组件1的接地端16上的电流方向与第一辐射体11上的电流方向相反，且地端上的电流方向与第二辐射体12上的电流方向相反，解耦电容151所处的位置恰好是共模馈电的电流大点；然后，如图4所示，对第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12进行差模馈电，即第一辐射体11上施加的激励信号的相位与第二辐射体12上施加的激励信号的相位相反，此时，第一辐射体11上的电流方向与第二辐射体12上的电流方向相同，且第一辐射枝节111上的电流方向、第二辐射枝节112上的电流方向、第三辐射枝节121上的电流方向和第四辐射枝节122上的电流方向均相同，接地端16上的电流方向与第一辐射体11上的电流方向和第二辐射体12上的电流方向相同，此时，解耦电容151所处的位置恰好是差模馈电的电流小点。最后，如图5所示，调节 解耦电容151的电容值，使得共模馈电的电流和差模馈电的电流在第一辐射体11上相加，在第二辐射体12上相消，从而降低第一辐射体11与信号发生谐振所产生的电流进入第二辐射体12的风险，从而降低第一辐射体11对第二辐射体12的干扰，同理，共模馈电的电流和差模馈电的电流在第二辐射体12上相加，在第一辐射体11上相消，能够降低第二辐射体12对第一辐射体11的干扰。由于第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12至少存在第一工作频段和第二工作频段，因此，重复上述步骤，分别得到第一工作频段的解耦电容151的取值范围和第二工作频段的解耦电容151的取值范围，选取多个取值范围中的共有的电容值，从而使得解耦电容151能够在多个频段内对天线组件1进行解耦，降低了第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12传递的信号频率发生改变导致解耦电容151失效的风险，从而提升了解耦电容151工作的稳定性，进而提升了解耦装置15和天线组件1工作的稳定性。
在本实施例中，天线组件1能够传输3.9G频率和5.2G频率的信号，如图6所示，当天线组件1传输3.9G频率的信号时，解耦装置15的隔离度为39.8dB，相比于未解耦时的隔离度提升了27.4dB，当天线组件1传输5.2G频率的信号时，解耦装置15的隔离度为38.2dB，相比于未解耦时的隔离度提升了23.9dB。同时，如图6所示，设置解耦装置15，提升第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12之间的隔离度的同时，改善了第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12的阻抗匹配，进一步提升了天线组件1的工作性能。
其中，多个解耦电容151可以串联也可以并联，本申请对解耦电容151的串并联形式不做特殊限定。
更具体地，如图7和图8所示，解耦装置15包括电感152和解耦电容151，解耦电容151的数量为一个或多个，电感152的数量为一个或多个，解耦电容151与电感152串联，和/或，解耦电容151与电感152并联。
在本实施例中，通过设置电感152和解耦电容151，使得解耦装置15的解耦电容151值灵活多变，以适应不同的频率的解耦需求，从而提升了解耦装置15的工作性能和适用范围。如图9所示，当本实施例的天线组件1传输2.4G频率和5G频率的信号时，能够同时产生两个解耦谐振。当天线组件1传输2.4G频率的信号时，解耦装置15的隔离度优于15dB，且解耦装置15的隔离度最高可达到39dB，相比于未解耦时的隔离度提升了29.5dB，其中，2.4G频率的边沿的隔离度为15.6dB，2.5G频率的边沿的隔离度为21.3dB，分别较未解耦时的隔离度提升了6.5dB和11.8dB；当天线组件1传输5G频率的信号时，解耦装置15的隔离度优于20dB，且解耦装置15的隔离度最高可达到50dB，相比于未解耦时的隔离度提升了37dB，其中，5.15G的频率与5.85G的频率的边沿隔离度均约20dB，较未解耦时的隔离度提升了约8.5dB。
其中，解耦电容151和电感152的串并联形式灵活多变，本申请对解耦电容151和电感152的串并联形式不做特殊限定。
此外，以上任一实施例中所述的解耦装置15包括但不限于通过集成器件组成实现，和/或，通过分布参数结构实现，本申请对解耦电容151的实现方式不做特殊限定。
本申请实施例还提供了上述天线组件1的多种变形结构，在一种实施例中，如图2所示，第二辐射枝节112与第四辐射枝节122共体设置，以形成共有枝节13，且第二辐射枝节112和第四辐射枝节122连接成T型结构；在另一种实施例中，如图10 所示，第一辐射枝节111与第三辐射枝节121共体设置，以形成共有枝节13，且第一辐射枝节111和第三辐射枝节121连接成T型结构。
在本实施例中，既可以为第一辐射枝节111与第三辐射枝节121共体设置，也可以为第二辐射枝节112与第四辐射枝节122共体设置。如图2所示，当第二辐射枝节112与第四辐射枝节122共体设置时，第一辐射枝节111位于远离第二辐射体12的一侧，第三辐射枝节121位于远离第一辐射体11的一侧，此时，馈电结构14位于第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12的外侧，以便于馈电结构14与第一辐射枝节111和第三辐射枝节121连接；如图10所示，当第一辐射枝节111与第三辐射枝节121共体设置时，第二辐射枝节112位于远离第二辐射体12的一侧，第四辐射枝节122位于远离第一辐射体11的一侧，此时，馈电结构14的至少部分位于第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12的内侧。由此可见，第二辐射枝节112与第四辐射枝节122共体设置，或，第一辐射枝节111与第三辐射枝节121共体设置，增加了天线组件1结构的灵活性，同时增加了馈电结构14安装位置的灵活性，以便于天线组件1的安装；同时，通过改变馈电结构14的安装位置，能够改变第一辐射枝节111与第二辐射枝节112之间、第三辐射枝节121与第四辐射枝节122之间的耦合关系，从而降低第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12之间的干扰，进而提升第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12的工作稳定性。
其中，当第一辐射枝节111与第三辐射枝节121共体设置时，解耦装置15产生了三个解耦谐振，分别位于3.4G频率、5.6G频率和6G频率，3.4G频率处的隔离度提升至33dB，5.6G频率与6G频率的解耦谐振构成了一个超过600MHz的30dB隔离带宽，由此可见，当第一辐射枝节111与第三辐射枝节121共体设置时，能够在实现双频解耦的同时用于构成5G的宽带解耦效果。
共体设置的第二辐射枝节112和第四辐射枝节122连接成T型结构，或，共体设置的第一辐射枝节111和第三辐射枝节121连接成T型结构，简化了第二辐射枝节112、第四辐射枝节122之间、第一辐射枝节111和第三辐射枝节121结构，从而减小了天线组件1的尺寸，降低了天线组件1安装所需要的空间。此外，共体设置的两个辐射枝节也可以连接成Y型结构，本申请对共体设置的两个辐射枝节的结构不做特殊限定。
更具体地，如图11和图12所示，第一辐射体11还包括至少一个第五辐射枝节114，第五辐射枝节114与第一辐射枝节111连接，和/或，第五辐射枝节114与第二辐射枝节112连接；第二辐射体12还包括至少一个第六辐射枝节124，第六辐射枝节124与第三辐射枝节121连接，和/或，第六辐射枝节124与第四辐射枝节122连接。
在本实施例中，第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12均包括多个能够与特定频率的信号发生谐振的辐射枝节，以增加第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12能够传输的信号的频率范围，从而增加第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12的工作性能，进而提升了天线组件1和电子设备的工作性能和适用范围。其中，本申请对第五辐射枝节114和第六辐射枝节124的数量、尺寸、安装位置、弯折方向等均不作特殊限定。
在一种实施例中，如图12所示，共有枝节13上连接有至少一个第五辐射枝节114和至少一个第六辐射枝节124，第五辐射枝节114和第六辐射枝节124将共有枝节13分隔为多段；解耦装置15的数量为一个，且解耦装置15设置在共有枝节13靠近接地端16的一段。
在本实施例中，将解耦装置15设置在共有枝节13靠近接地端16的一段，即，共有枝节13上的多个辐射枝节均通过解耦装置15与接地端16连接，使得天线组件1工作在任一频段时解耦装置15均能够对天线组件1进行解耦，从而提升了解耦装置15工作的可靠性，并提升了天线组件1和电子设备的工作稳定性。
其中，单解耦装置15产生三个解耦谐振，分别位于3.39G频率、4G频率和5.56G频率。当天线组件1传递的信号的频率为3.39G时，天线组件1的隔离度为33dB；当天线组件1传递的信号的频率为4G时，天线组件1的隔离度为32.5dB；当天线组件1传递的信号的频率为5.56G时，天线组件1的隔离度为45dB。其中，3.39G和5.56G的解耦谐振第一辐射枝节111和第二辐射枝节112产生，25dB隔离相对带宽分别为4.4％(3.32G～3.47G)和6.6％(5.4G～5.77G)。4G的解耦谐振由副寄生枝节产生，带宽较窄，基本可以认为仅频点效果。
在另一种实施例中，如图13所示，共有枝节13上连接有至少一个第五辐射枝节114和至少一个第六辐射枝节124，第五辐射枝节114和第六辐射枝节124将共有枝节13分隔为多段；解耦装置15的数量为多个，且共有枝节13的每一段上均设置有解耦装置15。
在本实施例中，如图13所示，当第二辐射枝节112与特定频率的信号发生谐振时，第二辐射枝节112与接地端16之间的所有的解耦装置15共同作用，当一个第五辐射枝节114与特定频率的信号发生谐振时，第五辐射枝节114与接地端16之间的所有的解耦装置15共同作用，此时，位于该第五辐射枝节114外侧的解耦装置15处于未工作状态。在共有枝节13的每一段上均设置有解耦装置15，当某一个解耦装置15被短路时，其他解耦装置15也能够正常工作，从而提升了解耦装置15工作的可靠性，并提升了天线组件1和电子设备的工作稳定性。
在另一种实施例中，如图14所示，第一辐射枝节111、第二辐射枝节112和接地端16围成第一空间115，第三辐射枝节121、第四辐射枝节122和接地端16围成第二空间125；天线组件1还包括至少一个第一凸起部17和至少一个第二凸起部18，且第一凸起部17和第二凸起部18均与接地端16连接，第一凸起部17设置于第一空间115，第二凸起部18设置于第二空间125。
在本实施例中，在第一空间115内设置至少一个第一凸起部17，第二空间125内设置有至少一个第二凸起部18，以改变第一辐射体11与接地端16、第二辐射体12与接地端16之间的距离，从而改变第一辐射枝节111与第二辐射枝节112之间、第三辐射枝节121与第四辐射枝节122之间的耦合关系，使得第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12的解耦谐振同时向低频移动，分别从3.9G和5.2G移动至3.6G和4.5G，双解耦谐振的相对倍频关系由1.33下降至1.25，由此可见，第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12的解耦谐振间距减小，即降低了第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12之间的干扰，进而提升第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12的工作稳定性。
其中，第一凸起部17和第二凸起部18的截面可以为矩型、半圆型、三角形等形状，本申请对第一凸起部17和第二凸起部18的截面形状不做特殊限定。第一凸起部17和第二凸起部18可以与接地端16固定连接或一体成型，以增加第一凸起部17、第二凸起部18和接地端16的结构的灵活性。
此外，以上任一实施例中所述的天线组件1的工作频段均为举例说明，本申请对天线组件1的工作频段不做特殊限定。
需要指出的是，本专利申请文件的一部分包含受著作权保护的内容。除了对专利局的专利文件或记录的专利文档内容制作副本以外，著作权人保留著作权。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种天线组件，其特征在于，所述天线组件包括：
    第一辐射体，所述第一辐射体包括弯折方向相反的第一辐射枝节和第二辐射枝节，所述第一辐射枝节和所述第二辐射枝节之间存在第一缝隙；
    第二辐射体，所述第二辐射体包括弯折方向相反的第三辐射枝节和第四辐射枝节，所述第三辐射枝节和所述第四辐射枝节之间存在第二缝隙；
    所述第一辐射体与所述第二辐射体存在共有部分，所述共有部分为共有枝节；
    馈电结构，所述馈电结构分别与所述第一辐射枝节和所述第三辐射枝节电连接；
    解耦装置，所述解耦装置设置于所述共有枝节，且所述共有枝节通过所述解耦装置与所述天线组件的接地端电连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述第一辐射枝节与所述第三辐射枝节共体设置，或，所述第二辐射枝节与所述第四辐射枝节共体设置，以形成所述共有枝节。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的天线组件，其特征在于，共体设置的所述第一辐射枝节和所述第三辐射枝节连接成T型结构，或，共体设置的所述第二辐射枝节和所述第四辐射枝节连接成T型结构。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述第一辐射体还包括至少一个第五辐射枝节，所述第五辐射枝节与所述第一辐射枝节连接，和/或，所述第五辐射枝节与所述第二辐射枝节连接；
    所述第二辐射体还包括至少一个第六辐射枝节，所述第六辐射枝节与所述第三辐射枝节连接，和/或，所述第六辐射枝节与所述第四辐射枝节连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述共有枝节上连接有至少一个所述第五辐射枝节和至少一个所述第六辐射枝节，所述第五辐射枝节和所述第六辐射枝节将所述共有枝节分隔为多段；
    所述解耦装置的数量为一个，且所述解耦装置设置在所述共有枝节靠近所述接地端的一段。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述共有枝节上连接有至少一个所述第五辐射枝节和至少一个所述第六辐射枝节，所述第五辐射枝节和所述第六辐射枝节将所述共有枝节分隔为多段；
    所述解耦装置的数量为多个，且所述共有枝节的每一段上均设置有所述解耦装置。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述第一辐射枝节、所述第二辐射枝节和所述接地端围成第一空间，所述第三辐射枝节、所述第四辐射枝节和所述接地端围成第二空间；
    所述天线组件还包括至少一个第一凸起部和至少一个第二凸起部，且所述第一凸起部和所述第二凸起部均与所述接地端连接，所述第一凸起部设置于所述第一空间，所述第二凸起部设置于所述第二空间。
  8. 根据权利要求1～6中任一项所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述解耦装置包括 一个或多个解耦电容；
    所述解耦装置通过集总器件组成，和/或，所述解耦装置通过分布参数结构组成。
  9. 根据权利要求1～6中任一项所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述解耦装置包括解耦电容和电感，所述解耦电容的数量为一个或多个，所述电感的数量为一个或多个；
    所述解耦电容与所述电感串联，和/或，所述解耦电容与所述电感并联；
    所述解耦装置通过集总器件组成，和/或，所述解耦装置通过分布参数结构组成。
  10. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括：
    本体；
    天线组件，所述天线组件为权利要求1～9中任一项所述的天线组件，所述天线组件通过所述馈电装置与所述本体电连接。
PCT/CN2022/092826 2021-12-06 2022-05-13 一种天线组件和电子设备 Ceased WO2023103282A1 (zh)

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