WO2023103821A1 - 乳化胶结料、乳化沥青、制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents

乳化胶结料、乳化沥青、制备方法及其应用 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023103821A1
WO2023103821A1 PCT/CN2022/134656 CN2022134656W WO2023103821A1 WO 2023103821 A1 WO2023103821 A1 WO 2023103821A1 CN 2022134656 W CN2022134656 W CN 2022134656W WO 2023103821 A1 WO2023103821 A1 WO 2023103821A1
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Prior art keywords
mass
asphalt
parts
emulsified
acid
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PCT/CN2022/134656
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐泉心
刘晓斌
洛姆默尔茨·贝尔特·扬
刘跃
马宏伟
徐建军
张鑫
介红兵
赵宇恒
赵永飞
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Xiyuefa International Environmental Protection New Materials Co Ltd
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Xiyuefa International Environmental Protection New Materials Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from CN202111491806.1A external-priority patent/CN116239336A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202111493006.3A external-priority patent/CN116285392A/zh
Application filed by Xiyuefa International Environmental Protection New Materials Co Ltd filed Critical Xiyuefa International Environmental Protection New Materials Co Ltd
Priority to EP22888601.6A priority Critical patent/EP4227367A4/en
Publication of WO2023103821A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023103821A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B26/26—Bituminous materials, e.g. tar, pitch
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/06—Quartz; Sand
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/10—Clay
    • C04B14/104—Bentonite, e.g. montmorillonite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/26—Carbonates
    • C04B14/28—Carbonates of calcium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
    • C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
    • C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/0075—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for road construction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/72—Repairing or restoring existing buildings or building materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/04—Carboxylic acids; Salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/08—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B24/2641—Polyacrylates; Polymethacrylates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B24/2676—Polystyrenes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B24/34—Natural resins, e.g. rosin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B24/36—Bituminous materials, e.g. tar, pitch
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L95/00—Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch
    • C08L95/005—Aqueous compositions, e.g. emulsions

Definitions

  • the application relates to the technical field of road maintenance, in particular to an emulsified cement, emulsified asphalt, a preparation method and an application thereof.
  • Sand mist sealing layer technology originated from the early road protection technology, and gradually developed into an excellent preventive maintenance method.
  • Sand-containing mist seal technology breaks the traditional construction process of mist seal technology. Fine-grained sand is mixed with emulsified asphalt or emulsified cement, and special additives are added to make it evenly and stably suspended, and then sprayed on the road surface by high-pressure equipment , eliminating the two-step process of sanding and rubber wheel rolling afterwards, and because the fine-grained sand can be fully covered by the mortar, it is more uniform, firm and stable than sanding and rolling.
  • the aggregate content of the emulsified cement that can be stably suspended is usually small, and when the added aggregate exceeds a certain content, it will settle and agglomerate, thus It is difficult to further increase the suspension content of aggregate in the sand-mist sealant mixture, which limits the improvement of pavement durability and tolerance.
  • the existing sand-mist sealing layer mixture that can be sprayed is usually black, so that the road surface on which the mixture is laid has a single color structure, which cannot meet the needs of cities for road beautification and traffic guidance.
  • the present application provides an emulsified cement that can stably suspend more aggregates, emulsified asphalt, its preparation method and its application.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides an emulsified cement, comprising the following components dispersed in water:
  • cementing material 100 parts by mass; clay, 10-30 parts by mass; protic acid, 0.01-1.5 parts by mass; wherein, the pH value of the emulsified cementing material is 2-12, preferably, the pH value of the emulsified cementing material is 6.5-7.5 .
  • the average particle diameter of the emulsified cement is 3 ⁇ m-50 ⁇ m; preferably, the average particle diameter of the emulsified cement is 5 ⁇ m-20 ⁇ m.
  • the clay comprises:
  • SiO 2 100 parts by mass; Al 2 O 3 , 40-90 parts by mass.
  • the protic acid includes organic acid and inorganic acid
  • the organic acid comprises one or more of citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, acetic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid and maleic acid; and/or the inorganic acid comprises hydrochloric acid, boric acid and phosphoric acid one or more of.
  • the cement includes a first cement and/or a second cement, wherein the first cement includes:
  • Heavy oil 100 parts by mass; petroleum resin, 50-100 parts by mass; adhesion enhancer, 0-1 part by mass.
  • the second cement includes:
  • Heavy oil 100 parts by mass; petroleum resin, 50-100 parts by mass; ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, 0-50 parts by mass; styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, 0-20 parts by mass; Enhancer, 0-1 part by mass.
  • the kinematic viscosity of the heavy oil at 100°C is 20-100 mm 2 /s;
  • the softening point of petroleum resin is 70 ⁇ 170 °C; And/or
  • the acid value of petroleum resin is 0-16, Preferably it is 2-16.
  • the second aspect of the present application provides a preparation method of emulsified cement, comprising:
  • the first mixture and the cement are mixed and stirred at elevated temperature to emulsify the cement to obtain an emulsified cement.
  • the third aspect of the present application provides a kind of sand-mist sealing layer mixture, comprising:
  • the emulsified cement provided by the first aspect of the present application or the emulsified cement prepared by the method provided by the second aspect of the present application 100 parts by mass; aggregate, 5-70 parts by mass.
  • the aggregate includes one or more of quartz sand, corundum sand, carborundum and washed sand.
  • the mixture also includes:
  • Auxiliary powder 0-20 parts by mass, preferably 5-20 parts by mass; pigment, 0-20 parts by mass, preferably 5-20 parts by mass; latex additive, 0-50 parts by mass, preferably 5-20 parts by mass ;
  • the additive powder includes one or more of titanium dioxide, kaolin, heavy calcium, talcum powder, and silicon micropowder; and/or
  • Latex additives include one or more of acrylic latex, one-component waterborne epoxy resin, two-component waterborne epoxy resin, one-component waterborne polyurethane, two-component waterborne polyurethane and styrene-butadiene copolymer latex .
  • the fourth aspect of the present application provides a modified sand mist-containing sealing layer mixture, including:
  • 100 parts by mass of the sand mist-containing sealing layer mixture 0-20 parts by mass of the emulsification regeneration agent, preferably 5-10 parts by mass.
  • the emulsification regeneration agent comprises a mixture of scleroglucan and a cationic emulsifier.
  • the fifth aspect of the present application provides a kind of emulsified asphalt, comprising the following components dispersed in water:
  • Asphalt 100 parts by mass; clay, 10-30 parts by mass; protic acid, 0.01-1.5 parts by mass; wherein, the pH value of the emulsified asphalt is 2-12; preferably, the pH value of the emulsified asphalt is 6.5-7.5.
  • the average particle size of the emulsified asphalt is 3 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m; preferably, the average particle size of the emulsified asphalt is 5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the clay comprises:
  • SiO 2 100 parts by mass; Al 2 O 3 , 40-90 parts by mass.
  • the protic acid includes organic acid and inorganic acid
  • the organic acid includes one or more of citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, acetic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid and maleic acid
  • the inorganic acid includes one or more of hydrochloric acid, boric acid and phosphoric acid. one or more species.
  • the asphalt includes modified asphalt, and the modified asphalt includes:
  • the first base asphalt 100 parts by mass; the second base asphalt, 0-45 parts by mass; ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, 0-15 parts by mass; styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, 0-20 Parts by mass; petroleum resin, 0-25 parts by mass.
  • the modified asphalt includes:
  • the first base asphalt 100 parts by mass; the second base asphalt, 15-45 parts by mass; ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, 5-15 parts by mass; styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, 5-15 Parts by mass; petroleum resin, 10-25 parts by mass.
  • the penetration of the first base asphalt is 60-120; and/or
  • the penetration of the second base bitumen is 1 to 30; and/or
  • the acid value of petroleum resin is 0-16.
  • the sixth aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing emulsified asphalt, including:
  • the first mixture and asphalt are mixed and stirred at elevated temperature to emulsify the asphalt to obtain emulsified asphalt.
  • the seventh aspect of the present application provides an asphalt mixture, including:
  • the emulsified asphalt provided in the fifth aspect of the present application 100 parts by mass; aggregate, 10-70 parts by mass.
  • the aggregate includes one or more of quartz sand, corundum sand, carborundum and washed sand.
  • the mixture also includes:
  • Latex additive 0-20 parts by mass, preferably 5-20 parts by mass;
  • the latex additive comprises acrylic latex, one-component water-based epoxy resin, two-component water-based epoxy resin, one-component water-based polyurethane, two-component water-based polyurethane and styrene-butadiene copolymer latex or Various.
  • the eighth aspect of the present application provides a modified asphalt mixture, including:
  • the asphalt mixture provided by the seventh aspect of the present application 100 parts by mass; the emulsification regeneration agent, 0-10 parts by mass, preferably 5-10 parts by mass.
  • the emulsification regeneration agent comprises a mixture of scleroglucan and a cationic emulsifier.
  • the ninth aspect of the present application provides a mixture system, including:
  • the sand-mist sealant mixture provided by the third aspect of the application the modified sand-mist sealant mixture provided by the fourth aspect of the application, the asphalt mixture provided by the seventh aspect of the application or the eighth aspect of the application modified asphalt mixture, and
  • the solution comprises an acidic solution and/or an alkaline solution
  • the pH value of the acidic solution is 1-3; and/or
  • the pH value of the alkaline solution is 10-12.
  • the tenth aspect of the present application provides a pavement structure, which is characterized in that it contains the sand mist-containing seal layer mixture provided in the third aspect of the present application, the modified sand-mist seal layer mixture provided in the fourth aspect of the application, and the present application.
  • the present application at least has the following beneficial effects:
  • the cement is emulsified by the clay/protonic acid emulsification system, and the emulsified cement can stably suspend more aggregates while maintaining the same viscosity, thereby improving the sand-containing mist seal.
  • the solid content of the layer mixture improves the wear resistance and durability of the road surface sprayed with the sand mist-containing seal layer mixture.
  • the clay/protonic acid emulsification system can also improve the stability of the emulsified cement and reduce the sensitivity of the sand-mist sealant mixture to high shear force, so that the continuous large-scale production of sand-mist sealant mixture can be realized. mechanized spraying.
  • the color of the mixture can be adjusted by adding pigments in the sand-mist sealant mixture, so as to obtain a colored sand-mist sealant mixture. It can improve the road beautification effect of the city.
  • any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form an unexpressed range; and any lower limit can be combined with any other lower limit to form an unexpressed range, just as any upper limit can be combined with any other upper limit to form an unexpressed range.
  • every point or individual value between the endpoints of a range is included within that range, although not expressly stated herein. Thus, each point or individual value may serve as its own lower or upper limit in combination with any other point or individual value or with other lower or upper limits to form a range not expressly recited.
  • the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides an emulsified cement, including the following components dispersed in water: cement, 100 parts by mass; clay, 10-30 parts by mass; protonic acid, 0.01-1.5 parts by mass; emulsified cement
  • the pH value of the emulsified cement is 2-12, preferably, the pH value of the emulsified cement is 6.5-7.5.
  • the fifth aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides an emulsified asphalt, including the following components dispersed in water: asphalt, 100 parts by mass; clay, 10-30 parts by mass; protonic acid, 0.01-1.5 parts by mass; wherein, the emulsified asphalt
  • the pH value is 2-12; preferably, the pH value of the emulsified asphalt is 6.5-7.5.
  • the emulsified cement and emulsified asphalt provided in the examples of this application emulsify the cement and asphalt respectively through the clay/protonic acid emulsification system, and the emulsified cement and emulsified asphalt can stably suspend more Aggregate, so that the solid content of the sandy mist-containing sealer mixture and asphalt mixture can be increased, thereby improving the wear resistance and durability of the road surface sprayed with the sandy mist-containing sealer mixture and asphalt mixture.
  • the clay/protonic acid emulsification system can also improve the stability of the emulsified cement and emulsified asphalt, and reduce the sensitivity of the sand mist sealant mixture and emulsified asphalt to high shear stress, thus realizing the sand mist sealant Continuous large-scale mechanized spraying of mixture and emulsified asphalt.
  • the color of the mixture can be adjusted by adding pigments in the sand-mist sealant mixture, so as to obtain a colored sand-mist sealant mixture. It can improve the road beautification effect of the city.
  • the pH value of the emulsified cement and emulsified asphalt is 2.0-12.0.
  • the pH value of the emulsified cement and emulsified asphalt is 6.5-7.5.
  • the average particle diameters of the emulsified cement and the emulsified asphalt are 3-50 ⁇ m, respectively.
  • the average particle size of the emulsified cement and emulsified asphalt is 5-20 ⁇ m.
  • the cement and emulsified asphalt can be emulsified without using any other conventional emulsifiers, and there are It is beneficial to the storage stability and construction stability of emulsified cement, emulsified asphalt, sand mist sealant mixture and asphalt mixture (long-term storage at room temperature, reducing pipeline, filter and nozzle clogging during mechanical construction, etc.).
  • the emulsified cement in the embodiment of the present application is not only by improving the physical viscosity of the emulsified cement, but also by adding (organic and inorganic) protic acid to adjust the relationship between clay and cement, between the latex particles of cement and cementation
  • the charge and polar interaction between latex particles and aggregates are used to achieve better suspension and dispersion of aggregates (ie sand).
  • the emulsified asphalt in the embodiment of the present application is not only by improving the physical viscosity of the emulsified asphalt, but also by adding (organic and inorganic) protic acid to adjust the relationship between clay and asphalt, between asphalt latex particles, and between asphalt latex particles and aggregates.
  • the charge and polarity interaction between materials can achieve better suspension and dispersion of aggregates (ie sand).
  • Clay is a silicate with lamellar structure, and the composition of clay from different sources is different; if oxides such as SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , FeO, TiO 2 , CaO, MgO, K 2 O, Na 2 O, P 2 O 5 , etc. to describe its composition, and the most important component is SiO 2 .
  • clay can be divided into clays with higher Al2O3 content, such as kaolinite, illite, chlorite, etc.; and clays with lower Al2O3 content, such as hectorite, bentonite , Montmorillonite, etc.
  • the content of SiO 2 is set as 100 parts by mass
  • the content of Al 2 O 3 is about 51.4 to 84.4 parts by mass in kaolinite, about 77.2 parts by mass in illite, and about 60.4 parts by mass in chlorite. Parts by mass are about 22.6 parts by mass in bentonite.
  • the cations between the sheets can be partially replaced by H+ ions, and the layered clay disintegrates into thin sheets
  • the pH value is low, the degree of replacement is high; the acid radical anion is adsorbed on the clay, and the cations that are replaced are enriched in the periphery of the acid radical anion layer, thus forming an acid radical anion/cation double electric layer around the clay sheet, making the clay
  • the flakes repel each other and are suspended in the aqueous phase, forming an acidified clay-in-water emulsion.
  • the ions and polar groups in the acidified clay can interact with polar compounds containing oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur in the cement and asphalt to form onium compounds, so that the acidified clay flakes can be enriched in the cement formed by stirring.
  • the surface of material droplets and asphalt droplets can partially or completely replace emulsifiers to emulsify cement and asphalt.
  • Metal cations replaced by H + ions in clay such as Na + , Ca 2+ , Al 3+ ions, etc., have a bond energy greater than the hydration energy of the acid radical anions on the surface of the clay sheet, thus enriching in the latex particles of the cement and The surface of asphalt latex particles.
  • the surface of fine aggregate is negatively charged, which attracts the positive ions enriched on the surface of cementitious latex particles and asphalt latex particles, which increases the suspension force of fine aggregate in acidified clay-emulsified cement and acidified clay-emulsified asphalt.
  • the content of Al 2 O 3 in clay is an important indicator. If bentonite (a kind of clay) with low Al 2 O 3 content is used, the emulsification effect on cement and asphalt is poor. This is because each Al 3+ with more positive charges needs to be replaced by 3 H + ions, therefore, when the content of Al 2 O 3 in clay is higher, the grafting density of acid radical molecules on the clay surface increases , which is equivalent to increasing the thickness of the stabilized layer on the surface of the binder latex particles and the surface of the asphalt latex particles. Therefore, at the same acidic pH value, clay with higher Al 2 O 3 content has a better emulsification effect on cement and asphalt. Preferably, this application selects clay with higher Al 2 O 3 content.
  • the acidified clay emulsified binder system and acidified clay emulsified asphalt system in this application can better suspend fine aggregates, and can suspend more fine aggregates at the same viscosity, thereby improving the sand mist seal layer
  • the solid content of the mixture and asphalt mixture (the water content is relatively reduced), shortens the forming time and open traffic time of the cement pavement and asphalt pavement.
  • the type of the cement in the emulsified cement is not particularly limited, and can be selected according to actual needs, and various cements known in the art can be selected.
  • the binder is selected from the first binder and/or the second binder provided in this application.
  • the cement includes the first cement and/or the second cement, wherein the raw materials of the first cement include: heavy oil, 100 parts by mass; petroleum resin, 50-100 parts by mass; adhesion enhancer , 0 to 1 parts by mass.
  • the second binder is a modified binder obtained by modifying the first binder.
  • the penetration of the modified cementitious material is 1-100.
  • the raw materials of the modified cement include: heavy oil, 100 parts by mass; petroleum resin, 50-100 parts by mass; ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, 0-50 parts by mass; styrene-butadiene-benzene Ethylene block copolymer, 0-20 parts by mass; adhesion enhancer, 0-1 part by mass.
  • the heavy oil has a kinematic viscosity of 20-100 mm 2 /s at 100°C.
  • the petroleum resin has a softening point of 70-170°C.
  • the acid value of the petroleum resin is 0-16, preferably 2-16.
  • the penetration of the cementitious material can be defined as the depth that a standard needle (generally with a total mass of 100g ⁇ 0.05g) sinks into a grease sample kept at 25°C within 5 seconds;
  • a standard needle generally with a total mass of 100g ⁇ 0.05g
  • the kinematic viscosity of heavy oil at 100°C refers to the ratio of the kinematic viscosity of petroleum to the density of petroleum at 100°C, which can be measured by a fully automatic kinematic viscometer using countercurrent method.
  • kinematic viscosity refers to the ratio of the internal friction of oil on the unit contact area to the rate of change of flow velocity perpendicular to the direction of motion.
  • the softening point of the petroleum resin refers to the temperature at which the solid petroleum resin becomes a viscous fluid state as the temperature rises, which can be measured by a ring and ball softening point instrument.
  • the raw materials of the first cementitious material may include: heavy oil (kinematic viscosity at 100°C is 50 mm 2 /s), 50 parts by mass; C9 petroleum resin (Novares T140), 46.8 parts by mass; adhesion enhancer (REDICOTE E-85, oleamidopropyldimethylamine (CAS: 109-28-4)), 0.2 parts by mass.
  • heavy oil kinematic viscosity at 100°C is 50 mm 2 /s
  • C9 petroleum resin Novares T140
  • adhesion enhancer REDICOTE E-85, oleamidopropyldimethylamine (CAS: 109-28-4)
  • the raw materials of the second cementitious material may include: heavy oil (kinematic viscosity at 100°C is 50 mm 2 /s), 50 parts by mass; C9 petroleum resin (Novares T140), 46.8 parts by mass; ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (Escorene UL04533EH2), 3 parts by mass; adhesion enhancer (REDICOTE E-85, oleamidopropyldimethylamine (CAS: 109-28-4)), 0.2 parts by mass.
  • heavy oil kinematic viscosity at 100°C is 50 mm 2 /s
  • C9 petroleum resin Novares T140
  • Escorene UL04533EH2 ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer
  • adhesion enhancer REDICOTE E-85, oleamidopropyldimethylamine (CAS: 109-28-4)
  • the ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer in the second binder may also be replaced by other polymers.
  • other polymers may comprise styrene-butadiene diblock or styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock polymers and the like.
  • the preparation method of cement can include:
  • the rate of dispersion stirring in the above preparation step S02 may be 800 rad/min, and the stirring time may be 10 min.
  • the rate of dispersion stirring in the above preparation step S04 may be 1500 rad/min, and the stirring time may be 1 h.
  • the time for dispersing and stirring in the above preparation step S06 may be 10-15 minutes.
  • the type of pitch in the emulsified pitch is not particularly limited, and can be selected according to actual needs.
  • Various pitches known in the art can be selected, such as coking coal pitch, petroleum pitch, and natural pitch.
  • the low-penetration modified asphalt provided in the examples of this application was selected.
  • the penetration of the modified asphalt prepared in the embodiment of the present application is between 0 and 40.
  • the penetration of the modified asphalt is 0-30. More preferably, the penetration of the modified asphalt is 0-20.
  • the softening point of the modified asphalt is not lower than 60°C.
  • the penetration of asphalt can be defined as the depth at which a standard needle (generally with a total mass of 100g ⁇ 0.05g) sinks into a grease sample kept at 25°C within 5 seconds; The larger the value, the softer the grease, that is, the smaller the consistency; otherwise, the harder the grease, that is, the greater the consistency.
  • a standard needle generally with a total mass of 100g ⁇ 0.05g
  • the raw materials of the modified asphalt include: the first base asphalt, 100 parts by mass; the second base asphalt, 0-45 parts by mass; ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, 0-15 parts by mass; styrene-butadiene Diene-styrene block copolymer, 0-20 parts by mass; petroleum resin, 0-25 parts by mass.
  • the raw materials of the modified asphalt include: the first base asphalt, 100 parts by mass; the second base asphalt, 15-45 parts by mass; ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, 5-15 parts by mass; styrene-butadiene- Styrene block copolymer, 5-15 parts by mass; petroleum resin, 10-25 parts by mass.
  • the penetration of the first base asphalt may be 60-120.
  • the penetration of the second base asphalt may be 1-30.
  • the acid value of the petroleum resin may be 0-16.
  • the mixture of the first base asphalt and the second base asphalt may also be replaced by a single base asphalt having the same composition as the mixture.
  • the raw materials of modified asphalt include: base asphalt, 100 parts by mass; petroleum resin, 0-20 parts by mass; ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, 0-10 parts by mass; adhesion enhancer, 0-1 parts by mass.
  • the raw material of modified asphalt can include: base asphalt (penetration is 70), 100 parts by mass; petroleum resin (Novares T140M), 11.5 parts by mass; ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (Escorene UL04533EH2), 3.5 Parts by mass; adhesion enhancer (REDICOTE E-85, oleamidopropyl dimethylamine (CAS: 109-28-4)), 0.35 parts by mass.
  • base asphalt penetration is 70
  • petroleum resin Novares T140M
  • Escorene UL04533EH2 ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer
  • adhesion enhancer REDICOTE E-85, oleamidopropyl dimethylamine (CAS: 109-28-4)
  • the ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer in the modified asphalt can also be replaced by other other polymers.
  • other polymers may comprise styrene-butadiene diblock or styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock polymers and the like.
  • the acid value of the petroleum resin in the modified asphalt is 0-16.
  • the acid value of the petroleum resin in the modified asphalt is 8-11.
  • the penetration of the base asphalt in the modified asphalt is 40-110.
  • the penetration of the base asphalt in the modified asphalt is 60-100.
  • the preparation method of modified asphalt may include:
  • the rate of dispersion stirring in the above preparation step S12 may be 1000 rad/min, and the stirring time may be 10 min.
  • the rate of dispersion stirring in the above preparation step S14 may be 1000 rad/min, and the stirring time may be 1 h.
  • the time for dispersing and stirring in the above preparation step S16 may be 15 minutes.
  • the raw materials of the modified asphalt include: base asphalt, 100 parts by mass; anti-rutting masterbatch, 0-100 parts by mass; adhesion enhancer, 0-2 parts by mass.
  • the raw material ratio of modified asphalt is: base asphalt, 100 parts by mass; anti-rutting masterbatch (Luoyang Petrochemical), 30 parts by mass; adhesion enhancer (REDICOTE E-85, oleamide propyl dimethyl Amine (CAS: 109-28-4)), 0.43 parts by mass.
  • the penetration of the base asphalt in the modified asphalt is 40-110.
  • the penetration of the base asphalt in the modified asphalt is 60-100.
  • the preparation method of modified asphalt may include:
  • the rate of dispersion stirring in the above preparation step S52 may be 1000 rad/min, and the stirring time may be 10 min.
  • the rate of dispersion stirring in the above preparation step S54 may be 1000 rad/min, and the stirring time may be 1 h.
  • the time for dispersing and stirring in the above-mentioned preparation step S56 can be 15 minutes.
  • the modified cementitious material and modified asphalt with low penetration were prepared by modifying the first cementitious material and base asphalt, and after adding clay/protonic acid emulsification system to them, the activated clay was dispersed in the Tiny colloidal particles (diameter less than 3 ⁇ m) are formed in water, which have strong adsorption.
  • the heat-modified cement and the clay solution are stirred by high-strength shear, the heat-modified cement is cut and dispersed into tiny particles (average particle size is 5-30 ⁇ m) in the clay solution, and the clay particles are adsorbed on the modified cement.
  • a protective film is formed, which has a certain strength and is not easy to be destroyed.
  • the hot asphalt and clay solution are stirred by high-strength shear, the hot asphalt is cut and dispersed into tiny particles (average particle size is 5-30 ⁇ m) in the clay solution, and the clay colloidal particles are adsorbed around the asphalt particles to form a protective film, which has a certain The strength is not easy to be destroyed, and it can prevent the re-agglomeration of asphalt particles to form a stable oil-in-water emulsified asphalt.
  • modified cement and clay in addition, chemical or physical interactions will also occur between the modified cement and clay, between asphalt and clay, such as between the acid in the modified cement and the surface cations of mineral particles, nitrogen in the modified cement Exchange reactions may occur between compounds and exchangeable cations of clay; exchange reactions may occur between acids in asphalt and surface cations of mineral particles, and between nitrogen-containing compounds in asphalt and exchangeable cations of clay.
  • nitrogen in the modified cement Exchange reactions may occur between compounds and exchangeable cations of clay; exchange reactions may occur between acids in asphalt and surface cations of mineral particles, and between nitrogen-containing compounds in asphalt and exchangeable cations of clay.
  • sulfur and oxygen in the modified cement and modified asphalt and polar compounds always exist; compounds with a certain high polarity can replace the water molecules adsorbed on the clay surface. Therefore, the modified cementitious material and modified asphalt can also be emulsified, thereby changing the current situation that the low-penetration cementitious material and asphalt are difficult to be emulsified for application in road systems.
  • the modified cementitious material and modified asphalt in the examples of the present application are emulsified by a clay/protic acid emulsification system to obtain a low-penetration emulsified cementitious material and a low-penetration emulsified asphalt.
  • the clay/protonic acid emulsification system can improve the stability of low-penetration emulsified cement and low-penetration emulsified asphalt, and reduce their sensitivity to high shear stress.
  • the low-penetration emulsified cement and low-penetration emulsified asphalt form a high-viscosity sand mist-containing seal layer mixture and asphalt mixture by stably suspending a large amount of aggregate.
  • the above-mentioned high-viscosity sand-mist sealant mixture and high-viscosity asphalt mixture because the clay particles are respectively adsorbed around the cement particles and asphalt particles to form a protective film, have a certain strength and are not easy to be damaged.
  • the emulsified cement and emulsified asphalt in the mixture will not break and agglomerate and block the spraying equipment, which can realize continuous large-scale mechanized spraying Construction, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that the high-viscosity sand mist-containing seal layer mixture and the high-viscosity asphalt mixture are agglomerated and blocked under the action of high shear force and cannot be sprayed continuously.
  • demulsification is the aggregation of dispersed cement phase and asphalt phase caused by the instability of emulsified cement due to the high shear force, and produces cement lumps and asphalt lumps in the mixture.
  • the components of the clay include: SiO 2 , 100 parts by mass; Al 2 O 3 , 60-75 parts by mass.
  • the average particle size of the clay is D ⁇ 20 ⁇ m.
  • the clay components may also include: TiO 2 , 6-8 parts by mass; Fe 3 O 4 , 4.5-6.5 parts by mass CaO, 1-1.5 parts by mass; MgO, 1-1.5 parts by mass; K 2 O, 1-1.5 parts by mass; Na 2 O, 0.1-0.2 parts by mass.
  • the clay may include, but not limited to, one or more of kaolin, illite, chlorite, hectorite, bentonite, and montmorillonite.
  • the clay is clay with relatively high Al 2 O 3 content, such as kaolin, illite, chlorite and the like.
  • the clay with higher Al 2 O 3 content is preferred, because each Al 3+ with more positive charges needs to be replaced by 3 H + ions, therefore, when the Al 2 O 3 in the clay
  • the content of ⁇ is higher, the grafting density of acid radical molecules on the clay surface increases, which is equivalent to increasing the thickness of the stable layer on the surface of the cement latex particles. Therefore, at the same acidic pH value, the clay with higher Al 2 O 3 content has a better emulsification effect on the binder.
  • the mass percentage of clay in the clay dispersion is 20%-60%.
  • the mass percentage of clay in the clay dispersion is 45%-55%.
  • protic acids may include inorganic acids and organic acids.
  • the organic acid includes, but is not limited to, one or more of citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, acetic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, and the like.
  • the inorganic acid includes, but is not limited to, one or more of hydrochloric acid, boric acid, and phosphoric acid.
  • the clay/protonic acid emulsified system before forming the clay/protonic acid emulsified system in the embodiments of the present application, it is necessary to dissolve the protonic acid in water to form an acidic solution.
  • the mass percentage of the protonic acid in the acidic solution is 1%-20%.
  • the mass percent content of the protonic acid in the acidic solution is 5%-10%.
  • the average particle size of the emulsified cement and emulsified asphalt can be made more uniform, smaller in average particle size, and higher in solid content.
  • the pH value of the clay/protonic acid emulsified system is 4-5.
  • the pH value in the clay/protonic acid emulsification system is 4-4.5.
  • the emulsification mechanism of the protonic acid-modified clay is similar to that of the amphoteric emulsifier, which can emulsify the cement and asphalt in acid and alkaline environments.
  • the clay acidic aqueous emulsion formed by mixing clay and protonic acid is mixed with thermal cement, the cement is dispersed into small droplets under the action of mechanical force, while the acidic clay is adsorbed on the surface of the cement droplet to form a cationic emulsion.
  • the latex particles in the emulsified cementing material are inaccessible and stable due to electrostatic repulsion, and the clay adsorbed on the surface of the latex particles in the cementing material has high mechanical strength, which makes it difficult for the latex particles to break and cohere after collision.
  • the stability of the material emulsion; the presence of clay increases the density of the cemented material phase.
  • the electrostatic repulsion between the latex particles in the emulsified asphalt makes the latex particles inaccessible and stable.
  • the clay adsorbed on the surface of the asphalt latex particles has high mechanical strength, which makes the latex particles difficult to break and coagulate after collision, and additionally increases the asphalt emulsion. Stability; the presence of clay increases the density of the asphalt phase.
  • the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing an emulsified cement, including:
  • the above step S22 may further include:
  • the above step S24 may further include:
  • the adding rate of the cement in step S240 may be 100 g/min, and the stirring rate may be gradually increased to 3600 rad/min within 1 min.
  • the stirring time in step S242 may be 3 minutes.
  • the preparation method of the emulsified cement can also include the following steps:
  • the lamellar structure in the clay can absorb the low softening point components in the cement and combine with the high softening point
  • the components such as the polar cementing material are interconnected to form a skeleton network structure, which can further increase the softening point of the evaporation residue by more than 10°C, so that the pavement after curing can have a better road use effect and longer service life.
  • the third aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a sand mist-containing sealing layer mixture, including:
  • the emulsified cement provided by the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application or the emulsified cement prepared by the method provided by the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application 100 parts by mass; aggregate, 5-70 parts by mass.
  • sand mist-containing seal layer mixture of the embodiment of the present application a large amount of aggregates are stably suspended, and the sand-mist seal layer mixture can be stably suspended without condensation during the road construction process of the sand-mist seal layer mixture.
  • the sedimentation of the lumps clogs the spraying equipment, whereby continuous large-scale mechanized spraying can be achieved.
  • the aggregate includes one or more of quartz sand, corundum sand, carborundum, and washed sand.
  • the sand mist-containing sealing layer mixture further includes: additive powder, 0-20 parts by mass; pigment, 0-20 parts by mass; latex additive, 0-50 parts by mass.
  • the content of the latex additive in the sand mist-containing sealing layer mixture is 5-20 parts by mass.
  • the content of the additive powder in the mixture for the sand mist-containing seal layer is 5-20 parts by mass.
  • the content of the pigment in the mixture for the seal layer containing sand mist is 3-20 parts by mass.
  • the type of pigment is not particularly limited, and can be selected according to actual needs, for example, toner, color paste, color paste, etc. can be selected.
  • the type of additive powder is not particularly limited, and can be selected according to actual needs, for example, titanium dioxide, kaolin, heavy calcium, talc powder, and silicon micropowder can be selected.
  • the particle size of the additive powder is 400-1000 mesh.
  • the additive powder mainly plays a role of covering the construction work surface.
  • the type of latex additive is not particularly limited, and can be selected according to actual needs.
  • Latex additives known in the art can be selected, such as acrylic latex, one-component water-based epoxy resin, two-component water-based epoxy resin , One-component water-based polyurethane, two-component water-based polyurethane and styrene-butadiene copolymer latex, etc.
  • the addition of the latex additive can improve the road performance of the mixture, and at the same time, it will not adversely affect the suspension of the aggregate in the emulsified cementitious material and cause sedimentation.
  • the preparation method of the sand-mist sealant mixture may include:
  • the sand-mist sealing layer mixture in the embodiment of the present application can be uniformly applied to the asphalt pavement in a large area because no caking and settlement will occur, and its coating rate can reach the maximum rate of conventional spraying operations, i.e. 5 ⁇ 10km/h, the coating width can exceed 6m, and the construction efficiency can reach 16.7m 2 /s.
  • the fourth aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a modified sand mist-containing sealing layer mixture, including:
  • the sand mist-containing sealing layer mixture provided by the third aspect of the embodiment of the present application 100 parts by mass; the emulsification regeneration agent, 0-20 parts by mass.
  • the content of the emulsification rejuvenator in the sand mist-containing sealing layer mixture is 5-10 parts by mass.
  • the emulsification revitalizer comprises a mixture of hard dextrose and a cationic emulsifier.
  • the emulsified regenerant can realize the demulsification and coating of the bio-based regenerated agent with the aged cement first, and then the emulsified cement can wrap the regenerated agent to ensure regeneration The agent is fully contacted with the aging cement to activate and restore it. Therefore, the modified sand mist-containing sealing layer mixture modified by the emulsified rejuvenator can improve the self-repair performance and flexibility of the road surface, thereby suppressing cracks and threshing phenomena caused by aging.
  • the sixth aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing emulsified asphalt, including:
  • the above step S62 may further include:
  • step S64 may further include:
  • the adding rate of asphalt in step S640 may be 100 g/min, and the stirring rate may be gradually increased to 3600 rad/min within 1 min.
  • the stirring time in step S642 may be 3 minutes.
  • the preparation method of emulsified asphalt may also include the following steps:
  • the emulsified asphalt prepared in the examples of this application due to the encapsulation of clay colloids, in the evaporation residue after the emulsified asphalt evaporates, the lamellar structure in the clay can absorb the low softening point components in the asphalt, and combine with the polarity of the high softening point Asphaltene and other components are interconnected to form a skeleton network structure, which can further increase the softening point of the evaporation residue by more than 10°C, so that the pavement after maintenance can have better road performance and longer service life. service life.
  • the seventh aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides an asphalt mixture, including:
  • the emulsified asphalt provided in the fifth aspect of the embodiment of the present application 100 parts by mass; aggregate, 10-70 parts by mass.
  • the asphalt mixture of the embodiment of the present application there is a large amount of aggregate in stable suspension.
  • the aggregate can be stably suspended without agglomeration and settlement to block the spray equipment, thus Continuous large-scale mechanized spraying can be realized.
  • the aggregate includes one or more of quartz sand, corundum sand, carborundum, and washed sand.
  • the asphalt mixture further includes: latex additive, 0-20 parts by mass.
  • the content of the latex additive in the asphalt mixture is 5-20 parts by mass.
  • the type of latex additive is not particularly limited, and can be selected according to actual needs.
  • Latex additives known in the art can be selected, such as acrylic latex, one-component water-based epoxy resin, two-component water-based epoxy resin One-component water-based polyurethane, two-component water-based polyurethane and styrene-butadiene copolymer latex, etc.
  • the addition of the latex additive can improve the road performance of the mixture, and at the same time, it will not adversely affect the suspension of the aggregate in the emulsified asphalt and cause sedimentation.
  • a method for preparing an asphalt mixture may include:
  • the asphalt mixture in the embodiment of the present application does not cause caking and settlement, it can be evenly coated on the asphalt pavement in a large area, and its coating rate can reach the maximum rate of conventional spraying operations, that is, 5-10km/h , the coating width can exceed 6m, and the construction efficiency can reach 16.7m 2 /s.
  • the eighth aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a modified asphalt mixture, including:
  • the asphalt mixture provided in the seventh aspect of the embodiment of the present application 100 parts by mass; the emulsification regeneration agent, 0-10 parts by mass.
  • the content of the emulsification regeneration agent in the asphalt mixture is 5-10 parts by mass.
  • the emulsification revitalizer comprises a mixture of hard dextrose and a cationic emulsifier.
  • the emulsified rejuvenator can realize the demulsification and coating of the bio-based rejuvenator first with the aged asphalt, and then emulsify the asphalt and then wrap the rejuvenator to ensure that the regenerated agent is in full contact with the aged asphalt Activate and restore.
  • the modified asphalt mixture modified by the emulsified rejuvenating agent can improve the self-repair performance and flexibility of the pavement, thereby suppressing cracks and threshing phenomena caused by aging.
  • the ninth aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a mixture system, including:
  • the sand mist-containing seal layer mixture provided by the third aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the modified sand-mist seal layer mixture provided by the fourth aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the asphalt mixture provided by the third aspect of the present application, or the first aspect of the present application The modified asphalt mixture provided by the three aspects, and the solution for adjusting the viscosity of the mixture system.
  • the solution comprises an acidic solution or a basic solution.
  • the pH value of the acidic solution is 1-3.
  • the pH of the alkaline solution is 10-12.
  • the viscosity of the mixture system can be adjusted only by adding an acidic solution or an alkaline solution to change the pH value of the system. Compared with the traditional method of changing the solid content of the system or introducing thickening or viscosity reducing additives, the operation is simpler and more efficient.
  • the pH value of the system can be adjusted to 6 by adding citric acid solution during transportation, and the Storm viscosity can be increased to 140KU to ensure the stability of the mixture during transportation .
  • the pH value of the system can be adjusted to 6.5-8 by adding potassium hydroxide solution, and the Storm viscosity can be reduced to 80KU, so as to ensure the smooth progress of the spraying operation while maintaining the homogeneity of the mixture.
  • the initial size of the cementitious latex particles or asphalt latex particles is determined when the cementitious emulsion is prepared, and then the coagulation state of the cementitious latex particles or asphalt latex particles is changed by adjusting the pH value.
  • the pH increases, the positive charge on the surface of the cement latex particles or asphalt latex particles decreases, and the latex particles partially flocculate into larger particles, so the viscosity decreases (in the emulsion, when the solid content is the same, the smaller the particle size, the higher the viscosity. big).
  • the tenth aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a pavement-containing structure, including the sand mist-containing seal layer mixture provided by the third aspect of the embodiment of the present application, and the modified sand-mist seal layer mixture provided by the fourth aspect of the embodiment of the present application , one or more of the asphalt mixture provided in the third aspect of the present application, the modified asphalt mixture provided in the third aspect of the present application, and the mixture system provided in the fifth aspect of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the emulsified cementing material includes: clay dispersion, 17.5% by mass; citric acid solution, 0.75% by mass; water, 24.25% by mass; cementing material, 57.5% by mass.
  • the cementing material includes: heavy oil, the mass percentage is 53.5%; C9 petroleum resin (Novares T140), the mass percentage is 46.3%; 28-4)), the mass percentage is 0.2%.
  • the clay in the clay dispersion is kaolin, and the mass percentages of clay and water are: 41% of clay and 59% of water.
  • the mass percentages of citric acid and water in the citric acid solution are respectively: 9% of citric acid and 91% of water.
  • the sand mist-containing sealing layer mixture includes: the emulsified cement prepared above, quartz sand (40-80 mesh), titanium dioxide (400 mesh) and pigment, and the mass ratio of the four is 100:40:5:3.
  • the preparation process of the emulsified cementing material and the sand mist-containing sealing layer mixture is the same as in Example 1, the difference is that SBR latex is added to the sandy mist-containing sealing layer mixture, wherein the mass ratio of the emulsified cementing material to the SBR latex is 100:5.
  • the preparation process of the emulsified cement and the mixture for the sealing layer containing sand mist is the same as that in Example 1, the difference is that in the preparation of the emulsified cement, the cement is replaced by a modified cement.
  • the modified cement includes: heavy oil, 54.85% by mass; C9 petroleum resin (Novares T140), 42.03% by mass; ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (Escorene UL04533EH2), 2.95% by mass; adhesion enhancer ( REDICOTE E-85, Oleamidopropyldimethylamine (CAS: 109-28-4)), the mass percentage is 0.2%.
  • the preparation process of emulsified cement and sand mist-containing seal layer mixture is the same as in Example 1, the difference is that: (1) in the preparation process of emulsified cement, the cement is replaced by modified cement; (2) sand mist seal layer Add SBR latex to the mixture, wherein the mass ratio of emulsified cement to SBR latex is 100:5.
  • the preparation process of the emulsified cement and the mixture for sealing layer containing sand mist is the same as that in Example 4, the difference is that in the emulsified cement, the citric acid in the citric acid solution is replaced by tartaric acid in the same mass percentage.
  • the preparation process of the emulsified cementing material and the sand mist-containing sealing layer mixture is the same as in Example 4, the difference is that in the emulsified cementing material, the citric acid in the citric acid solution is replaced by hydrochloric acid with the same mass percentage.
  • the preparation process of the emulsified cement and the mixture for sealing layer containing sand mist is the same as that of Example 4, the difference is that 2.2 g of citric acid solution is added to the mixture for sealing layer containing sand mist, wherein the mass percentage of citric acid in the citric acid solution is 7.25 %.
  • the preparation process of the emulsified cement and the mixture for sealing layer containing sand and mist is the same as that of Example 4, except that 12.2 g of NaOH solution is added to the mixture for sealing layer containing sand and mist, wherein the mass percentage of NaOH in the NaOH solution is 10%.
  • the preparation process of the emulsified cement and the mixture for sealing layer containing sand and mist is the same as that of Example 4, the difference is that 12.2 g of water is added to the mixture for sealing layer containing sand and mist.
  • the preparation process of emulsified cement and sand-mist sealant mixture is the same as in Example 4, the difference is that 12.2g of NaOH solution and 2.2g of thickener are added to the sand-mist sealant mixture, wherein NaOH in NaOH solution The mass percentage is 10%.
  • the preparation process of the emulsified cement and the mixture for sealing layer containing sand and mist is the same as that of Example 4, the difference is that 60 g of water is added to the mixture for sealing layer containing sand and mist.
  • the emulsified asphalt includes: clay dispersion, 17.5% by mass; citric acid solution, 0.75% by mass; water, 24.25% by mass; 70# asphalt, 57.5% by mass.
  • kaolin is selected as the clay in the clay dispersion, and the mass percentages of the clay and water are respectively: 41% of clay and 59% of water.
  • the mass percentages of citric acid and water in the citric acid solution are respectively: 9% of citric acid and 91% of water.
  • the asphalt mixture includes: the emulsified asphalt prepared above and corundum (40-80 mesh), the mass ratio of the two is 100:40.
  • the preparation process of emulsified asphalt and asphalt mixture is the same as in Example 12, except that SBR latex is added to the asphalt mixture, wherein the mass ratio of emulsified asphalt, carborundum (40-80 mesh) and SBR latex is 100:40:5.
  • the preparation process of emulsified asphalt and asphalt mixture is the same as in Example 12, the difference is that: (1) in the preparation process of emulsified asphalt, 70# asphalt is replaced by the first modified asphalt; (2) SBR latex is added in the asphalt mixture, wherein , the mass ratio of emulsified asphalt, corundum (40-80 mesh) and SBR latex is 100:40:5.
  • the first modified asphalt contains: EVA (Escorene UL04533EH2) of 3% by mass, petroleum resin (Novares T140M) of 10% by mass, and adhesion enhancer (REDICOTE E-85, oleamide) of 0.3% by mass Propyldimethylamine (CAS: 109-28-4), 86.7% by mass of base pitch (penetration 70).
  • EVA Scorene UL04533EH2
  • petroleum resin Novares T140M
  • adhesion enhancer REDICOTE E-85, oleamide
  • Propyldimethylamine CAS: 109-28-4
  • penetration 70 86.7% by mass of base pitch
  • the preparation process of the emulsified asphalt and asphalt mixture is the same as in Example 12, the difference is that in the preparation process of the emulsified asphalt, the 70# asphalt is replaced by the second modified asphalt.
  • the second modified asphalt contains: 30% by mass of anti-rutting masterbatch (Luoyang Petrochemical), 0.3% by mass of adhesion enhancer (REDICOTE E-85, oleamide propyl dimethylamine (CAS: 109- 28-4), the mass percentage is 69.7% of base asphalt (penetration 70).
  • the preparation process of emulsified asphalt and asphalt mixture is the same as in Example 12, the difference is: (1) in the preparation process of emulsified asphalt, 70# asphalt is replaced by the second modified asphalt; (2) SBR latex is added in the asphalt mixture, wherein , the mass ratio of emulsified asphalt, corundum (40-80 mesh) and SBR latex is 100:40:5.
  • the preparation process of emulsified asphalt and asphalt mixture is the same as that of Example 16, except that in the emulsified asphalt, the citric acid in the citric acid solution is replaced by tartaric acid in the same mass percentage.
  • the preparation process of the emulsified asphalt and asphalt mixture is the same as that of Example 16, the difference is that in the emulsified asphalt, the citric acid in the citric acid solution is replaced by hydrochloric acid with the same mass percentage.
  • the preparation process of emulsified asphalt and asphalt mixture is the same as that of Example 16, except that 2.2 g of citric acid solution is added to the asphalt mixture, wherein the mass percentage of citric acid in the citric acid solution is 7.25%.
  • the preparation process of emulsified asphalt and asphalt mixture is the same as that of Example 16, except that 12.2 g of NaOH solution is added to the asphalt mixture, wherein the mass percentage of NaOH in the NaOH solution is 10%.
  • the preparation process of emulsified asphalt and asphalt mixture is the same as in Example 16, except that 12.2 g of NaOH solution and 2.2 g of thickener are added to the asphalt mixture, wherein the mass percentage of NaOH in the NaOH solution is 10%.
  • the preparation process of emulsified asphalt and asphalt mixture is the same as in Example 16, the difference is that 60 g of water is added to the asphalt mixture.
  • the emulsified binder in Comparative Example 1 includes: modified binder, 600g; conventional anionic asphalt emulsifier ( Addibit EK 50), 10g; 10% by mass NaOH solution, 1g; water, 389g; polyamide wax thickener, 50g.
  • the emulsified asphalt in comparative example 2 comprises: the second modified asphalt, 600g; Conventional anionic asphalt emulsifier ( Addibit EK 50), 10g; 10% by mass NaOH solution, 1g; water, 389g; polyamide wax thickener, 50g.
  • Conventional anionic asphalt emulsifier Addibit EK 50
  • 10g 10% by mass NaOH solution, 1g; water, 389g
  • polyamide wax thickener 50g.
  • Comparative example 3 is the emulsified asphalt of commercially available competitive product 1, and the emulsifier used in the emulsified asphalt is clay/sodium stearate emulsifier.
  • Comparative Example 4 is the emulsified asphalt of the commercially available competitive product 2, which is a clay-type emulsified asphalt containing a volatile organic solvent.
  • Comparative analysis of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Example 1 shows that the solid content of the cement emulsified by the clay/protonic acid emulsification system of the present application has been greatly improved; compared with Comparative Example 1, Examples 1-6 contain The solid content, sand content and 24h stability of the sand-mist sealant mixture are significantly higher than those in Comparative Example 1. It can be seen that the aggregate of the emulsified cementing material can be emulsified by using the clay/protonic acid emulsification system in this application. Suspension ability has been greatly improved.
  • the sand mist-containing sealing layer mixture can be stored stably for more than 12 hours in the equipment tank without sand settlement; continuous spraying with large mechanical equipment for more than 1km has no nozzle clogging; equipment filter screen and nozzles have no precipitation and no agglomeration to cause equipment clogging ; After the construction is completed, the filter screen at the bottom of the tank has no sand precipitation; thus, continuous large-scale mechanized spraying construction can be realized.
  • Comparative analysis of Examples 7-11 and Comparative Example 1 shows that the purpose of adjusting the viscosity of the mixture system can be achieved by adding an acidic or alkaline solution to the mixture containing sand mist seal layer.
  • Comparative analysis of Examples 12-18 and Comparative Examples 2-4 shows that the solid content of the asphalt emulsified by the clay/protonic acid emulsification system of the present application has been greatly improved; compared with Comparative Examples 2-4, Examples 1-4 The solid content, sand content and 24h stability of the asphalt mixture in 7 are significantly higher than those of Comparative Examples 1-3. It can be seen that the aggregate of emulsified asphalt can be emulsified by using the clay/protonic acid emulsification system in this application Suspension ability has been greatly improved.
  • the asphalt mixture can be stored stably for more than 12 hours in the equipment tank without sand settlement; continuous spraying of more than 1km with large-scale mechanical equipment has no nozzle clogging; there is no sedimentation and no agglomeration at the equipment filter and nozzle to cause equipment clogging; after construction is completed
  • the filter screen at the bottom of the tank has no sand sedimentation; thus, continuous large-scale mechanized spraying construction can be realized.
  • Comparative analysis of Examples 19-23 and Comparative Examples 2-4 shows that the purpose of adjusting the viscosity of the mixture system can be achieved by adding an acidic or alkaline solution to the asphalt mixture.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种乳化胶结料、乳化沥青、制备方法及其应用，其中乳化胶结料包括分散在水中的如下组分：胶结料，100质量份；黏土，10～30质量份；质子酸，0.01～1.5质量份。本申请提供的乳化胶结料中通过黏土/质子酸乳化体系对胶结料进行乳化，乳化胶结料在粘度保持不变的情况下能够稳定悬浮更多的集料，由此可以提升含砂雾封层混合料的固含量，进而提高路面的耐磨性和耐久性。

Description

乳化胶结料、乳化沥青、制备方法及其应用
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2021年12月8日提交的名称为“乳化沥青及其制备方法、沥青混合料”的中国专利申请202111493006.3的优先权和“乳化胶结料及其制备方法、含砂雾封层混合料”的中国专利申请202111491086.1的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及道路养护技术领域，尤其涉及一种乳化胶结料、乳化沥青、制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
含砂雾封层技术源自于早期的道路保护技术，后来逐渐发展为一种优秀的预防养护手段。含砂雾封层技术打破了传统雾封层技术的施工工艺，将细粒砂与乳化沥青或乳化胶结料混合，并加入特殊成分的添加剂使之均匀稳定悬浮，然后通过高压设备喷洒在路面上，省去了事后撒砂和胶轮碾压的两步工序，而且由于细粒砂能够充分被胶浆裹覆，相对于撒砂和碾压而言更加均匀、牢固和稳定。
然而，现有的能够进行喷洒作业的含砂雾封层混合料中，乳化胶结料能够稳定悬浮的集料含量通常较小，当加入的集料超过一定含量时就会沉降结块，由此含砂雾封层混合料中集料的悬浮含量很难进一步提高，这使得路面耐久性及耐受性的提升受到限制。此外，现有的含砂雾封层混合料中，由于乳化胶结料的稳定性不够，在机械喷涂时容易结块而堵塞喷洒设备，因此难以使用标准喷涂设备进行连续大规模的机械化喷涂。另外，现有的可进行喷洒作业的含砂雾封层混合料通常为黑色，由此使得铺设该混合料的路面色彩结构单一，不能满足城市对道路美化及交通引导的需求。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请提供一种可稳定悬浮更多集料的乳化胶结料、乳化沥青、其制备方法及其应用。
本申请第一方面提供一种乳化胶结料，包括分散在水中的如下组分：
胶结料，100质量份；黏土，10～30质量份；质子酸，0.01～1.5质量份；其中，乳化胶结料的pH值为2～12，优选的，乳化胶结料的pH值为6.5～7.5。
根据本申请第一方面的任一实施方式，乳化胶结料的平均粒径为3μm～50μm；优选的，乳化胶结料的平均粒径为5μm～20μm。
根据本申请第一方面的任一实施方式，黏土包括：
SiO 2，100质量份；Al 2O 3，40～90质量份。
根据本申请第一方面的任一实施方式，质子酸包括有机酸和无机酸，
其中，有机酸包含柠檬酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、乙酸、丙二酸、丁二酸、草酸、琥珀酸及马来酸中的一种或多种；和/或无机酸包含盐酸、硼酸及磷酸中的一种或多种。
根据本申请第一方面的任一实施方式，胶结料包括第一胶结料和/或第二胶结料，其中，第一胶结料包括：
重油，100质量份；石油树脂，50～100质量份；粘接增强剂，0～1质量份。
根据本申请第一方面的任一实施方式，第二胶结料包括：
重油，100质量份；石油树脂，50～100质量份；乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，0～50质量份；苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物，0～20质量份；粘接增强剂，0～1质量份。
根据本申请第一方面的任一实施方式，重油的100℃运动粘度为20～100mm 2/s；和/或
石油树脂的软化点为70～170℃；和/或
石油树脂的酸值为0～16，优选为2～16。
本申请第二方面提供一种乳化胶结料的制备方法，包括：
将黏土和质子酸在水中混合分散均匀，得到第一混合物；
将第一混合物与胶结料在升高的温度下混合搅拌，以使胶结料乳化，得到乳化胶结料。
本申请第三方面提供一种含砂雾封层混合料，包括：
本申请第一方面提供的乳化胶结料或本申请第二方面提供的方法制备的乳化胶结料，100质量份；集料，5～70质量份。
根据本申请第三方面的任一实施方式，集料包含石英砂、刚玉砂、金刚砂及水洗砂中的一种或多种。
根据本申请第三方面的任一实施方式，混合料还包括：
助剂粉，0～20质量份，优选为5～20质量份；颜料，0～20质量份，优选为5～20质量份；胶乳添加剂，0～50质量份，优选为5～20质量份；
根据本申请第三方面的任一实施方式，助剂粉包含钛白粉、高岭土、重钙、滑石粉及硅微粉中的一种或多种；和/或
胶乳添加剂包含丙烯酸胶乳、单组分水性环氧树脂、双组份水性环氧树脂、单组分水性聚氨酯、双组份水性聚氨酯及苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物胶乳中的一种或多种。
本申请第四方面提供一种改性含砂雾封层混合料，包括：
本申请第三方面提供的含砂雾封层混合料，100质量份；乳化再生剂，0～20质量份，优选为5～10质量份。
根据本申请第四方面的任一实施方式，乳化再生剂包含硬葡聚糖和阳离子乳化剂的混合物。
本申请第五方面提供一种乳化沥青，包括分散在水中的如下组分：
沥青，100质量份；黏土，10～30质量份；质子酸，0.01～1.5质量份；其中，乳化沥青的pH值为2～12；优选的，乳化沥青的pH值为6.5～7.5。
根据本申请第五方面的任一实施方式，乳化沥青的平均粒径为3μm～50μm；优选的，乳化沥青的平均粒径为5μm～20μm。
根据本申请第五方面的任一实施方式，黏土包括：
SiO 2，100质量份；Al 2O 3，40～90质量份。
根据本申请第五方面的任一实施方式，质子酸包括有机酸和无机酸，
其中，有机酸包含柠檬酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、乙酸、丙二酸、丁二酸、草酸、琥珀酸及马来酸中的一种或多种，无机酸包含盐酸、硼酸及磷酸中的一种或多种。
根据本申请第五方面的任一实施方式，沥青包括改性沥青，改性沥青包括：
第一基质沥青，100质量份；第二基质沥青，0～45质量份；乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，0～15质量份；苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物，0～20质量份；石油树脂，0～25质量份。
根据本申请第五方面的任一实施方式，改性沥青包括：
第一基质沥青，100质量份；第二基质沥青，15～45质量份；乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，5～15质量份；苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物，5～15质量份；石油树脂，10～25质量份。
根据本申请第五方面的任一实施方式，第一基质沥青的针入度为60～120；和/或
第二基质沥青的针入度为1～30；和/或
石油树脂的酸值为0～16。
本申请第六方面提供一种乳化沥青的制备方法，包括：
将黏土和质子酸在水中混合分散均匀，得到第一混合物；
将第一混合物与沥青在升高的温度下混合搅拌以使沥青乳化，得到乳化沥青。
本申请第七方面提供一种沥青混合料，包括：
本申请第五方面提供的乳化沥青，100质量份；集料，10～70质量份。
根据本申请第七方面的任一实施方式，集料包含石英砂、刚玉砂、金刚砂及水洗砂中的一种或多种。
根据本申请第七方面的任一实施方式，混合料还包括：
胶乳添加剂，0～20质量份，优选为5～20质量份；
其中，胶乳添加剂包含丙烯酸胶乳、单组分水性环氧树脂、双组份水性环氧树脂、单组分水性聚氨酯、双组份水性聚氨酯及苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物胶乳中的一种或多种。
本申请第八方面提供一种改性沥青混合料，包括：
本申请第七方面提供的沥青混合料，100质量份；乳化再生剂，0～10质量份，优选为5～10质量份。
根据本申请第八方面的任一实施方式，乳化再生剂包含硬葡聚糖和阳离子乳化剂的混合物。
本申请第九方面提供一种混合料系统，包括：
本申请第三方面提供的含砂雾封层混合料、本申请第四方面提供的改性含砂雾封层混合料、本申请第七方面提供的沥青混合料或本申请第八方面提供的改性沥青混合料，和
用于调节混合料系统粘度的溶液。
根据本申请第九方面的任一实施方式，溶液包含酸性溶液和/或碱性溶液；
其中，酸性溶液的pH值为1～3；和/或
碱性溶液的pH值为10～12。
本申请第十方面提供一种路面结构，其特征在于，包含本申请第三方面提供的含砂雾封层混合料、本申请第四方面提供的改性含砂雾封层混合料、本申请第七方面提供的沥青混合料、本申请第八方面提供的改性沥青混合料及本申请第九方面提供的混合料系统中的一种或多种。
与现有技术相比，本申请至少具备以下有益效果：
本申请提供的乳化胶结料中，通过黏土/质子酸乳化体系对胶结料进行乳化，乳化胶结料在粘度保持不变的情况下能够稳定悬浮更多的集料，由此可以提升含砂雾封层混合料的固含量，进而使得喷涂有该含砂雾封层混合料的路面的耐磨性和耐久性得以提升。
此外，黏土/质子酸乳化体系还能够提高乳化胶结料的稳定性，降低含砂雾封层混合料对高剪切力的敏感性，由此可以实现含砂雾封层混合料进行连续大规模的机械化喷涂。
另外，由于乳化胶结料中的胶结料为半透明色，因而在含砂雾封层混合料中，可以通过添加颜料而调节混合料的色彩，从而得到彩色的含砂雾封层混合料，进而可以提升城市的道路美化效果。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的申请目的、技术方案和有益技术效果更加清晰，以下结合实施例对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解的是，本说明书中描述的实施例仅仅是为了解释本申请，并非为了限定本申请。
为了简便，本文仅明确地公开了一些数值范围。然而，任意下限可以与任何上限组合形成未明确记载的范围；以及任意下限可以与其它下限组合形成未明确记载的范围，同样任意上限可以与任意其它上限组合形成未明确记载的范围。此外，尽管未明确记载，但是范围端点间的每个点或单个数值都包含在该范围内。因而，每个点或单个数值可以作为自身的下限或上限与任意其它点或单个数值组合或与其它下限或上限组合形成未明确记载的范围。
在本文的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“以上”、“以下”为包含本数，“一种或多种”中的“多种”的含义是两种以上。
本申请的上述申请内容并不意欲描述本申请中的每个公开的实施方式或每种实现方式。如下描述更具体地举例说明示例性实施方式。在整篇申请中的多处，通过一系列实施例提供了指导，这些实施例可以以各种组合形式使用。在各个实例中，列举仅作为代表性组，不应解释为穷举。
本申请实施例第一方面提供一种乳化胶结料，包括分散在水中的如下组分：胶结料，100质量份；黏土，10～30质量份；质子酸，0.01～1.5质量份；乳化胶结料的pH值为2～12，优选的，乳化胶结料的pH值为6.5～7.5。
本申请实施例第五方面提供一种乳化沥青，包括分散在水中的如下组分：沥青，100质量份；黏土，10～30质量份；质子酸，0.01～1.5质量份；其中，乳化沥青的pH值为2～12；优选的，乳化沥青的pH值为6.5～7.5。
本申请实施例中提供的乳化胶结料和乳化沥青，通过黏土/质子酸乳化体系分别对胶结料和沥青进行乳化，乳化胶结料和乳化沥青在粘度保持不 变的情况下能够稳定悬浮更多的集料，由此可以提升含砂雾封层混合料和沥青混合料的固含量，进而使得喷涂有该含砂雾封层混合料和沥青混合料的路面的耐磨性和耐久性得以提升。
此外，黏土/质子酸乳化体系还能够提高乳化胶结料和乳化沥青的稳定性，降低含砂雾封层混合料和乳化沥青对高剪切力的敏感性，由此可以实现含砂雾封层混合料和乳化沥青进行连续大规模的机械化喷涂。
另外，由于乳化胶结料中的胶结料为半透明色，因而在含砂雾封层混合料中，可以通过添加颜料而调节混合料的色彩，从而得到彩色的含砂雾封层混合料，进而可以提升城市的道路美化效果。
在一些实施例中，乳化胶结料和乳化沥青的pH值为2.0～12.0。优选的，乳化胶结料和乳化沥青的pH值为6.5～7.5。
在一些实施例中，乳化胶结料和乳化沥青的平均粒径分别为3～50μm。优选的，乳化胶结料和乳化沥青的平均粒径为5～20μm。
本申请实施例中，通过将乳化胶结料和乳化沥青的pH值和平均粒径控制在合适的范围内，在不使用其他任何常规乳化剂的情况下可以对胶结料和乳化沥青进行乳化，有利于乳化胶结料、乳化沥青、含砂雾封层混合料和沥青混合料的储存稳定性和施工稳定性(长时间、常温储存，机械施工时减少管路、滤网和喷嘴堵塞等)。
本申请实施例中的乳化胶结料，不是单一通过提升乳化胶结料的物理粘度，还包括通过添加(有机和无机)质子酸来调节黏土与胶结料之间、胶结料乳胶粒之间、以及胶结料乳胶粒与集料之间的电荷和极性相互作用，来实现对集料(即砂子)更好的悬浮和分散。
本申请实施例中的乳化沥青，不是单一通过提升乳化沥青的物理粘度，还包括通过添加(有机和无机)质子酸来调节黏土与沥青之间、沥青乳胶粒之间、以及沥青乳胶粒与集料之间的电荷和极性相互作用，来实现对集料(即砂子)更好的悬浮和分散。
黏土是具片层结构的硅酸盐，不同来源的黏土的组成不同；若用氧化物如SiO 2、Al 2O 3、Fe 2O 3、FeO、TiO 2、CaO、MgO、K 2O、Na 2O、P 2O 5等来描述其组成，则其中最主要的组分是SiO 2。根据结构和组成，可将黏土 分成Al 2O 3含量较高的黏土，如高岭石、伊利石、绿泥石等；和Al 2O 3含量较低的黏土，如锂蒙脱石、膨润土、蒙脱石等。若将SiO 2的含量定为100质量份，则Al 2O 3的含量在高岭石中大约是51.4～84.4质量份，在伊利石中大约是77.2质量份，在绿泥石中大约是60.4质量份，在膨润土中大约是22.6质量份。
在黏土悬浮液中添加质子酸时，片层间的阳离子(如Na +,K +,Ca 2+,Mg 2+,Al 3+)可被H+离子部分置换，层状黏土崩解成薄片，pH值较低时，置换程度较高；酸根阴离子吸附在黏土上，而被置换出的阳离子则富集在酸根阴离子层外围，从而在黏土薄片周围形成一酸根阴离子/阳离子双电层，使黏土薄片互相排斥，悬浮在水相，形成酸化黏土水乳液。
酸化黏土中的离子和极性基团可与胶结料和沥青中的含氧、含氮、含硫等极性化合物相互作用，形成鎓化合物，从而可使酸化黏土薄片富集在搅拌形成的胶结料液滴和沥青液滴的表面，可部分或完全代替乳化剂而乳化胶结料和沥青。黏土中被H +离子取代的金属阳离子，如Na +、Ca 2+、Al 3+等离子与黏土片表面酸根阴离子之间的键能大于这些离子的水合能，从而富集在胶结料乳胶粒和沥青乳胶粒的表面。细集料表面带负电，与胶结料乳胶粒和沥青乳胶粒表面富集的正离子互相吸引，增加了细集料在酸化黏土乳化胶结料和酸化黏土乳化沥青中的悬浮力。
本申请实施例中，黏土中Al 2O 3的含量是一个重要指标。若采用Al 2O 3含量较低的膨润土(黏土的一种)，则对胶结料和沥青乳化效果较差。这是因为带较多正电荷的每个Al 3+需要被3个H +离子取代，因此，当黏土中的Al 2O 3的含量较高时，在黏土表面的酸根分子的接枝密度增加，相当于增加了胶结料乳胶粒表面和沥青乳胶粒表面的稳定层的厚度。因此，在同样酸性pH值下，Al 2O 3含量较高的黏土对胶结料和沥青的乳化效果较好。优选的，本申请选用Al 2O 3含量较高的黏土。
本申请中的酸化黏土乳化胶结料体系和酸化黏土乳化沥青体系能够更好地对细集料进行悬浮，可在同等粘度的情况下悬浮更多的细集料，从而可提升含砂雾封层混合料和沥青混合料的固含量(水含量相对减少)，缩短胶结料路面和沥青路面的成型时间和开放交通时间。
在一些实施例中，乳化胶结料中所述胶结料的种类没有特别的限制，可根据实际需求进行选择，可以选用本领域已知的各种胶结料。优选的，胶结料选用本申请提供的第一胶结料和/或第二胶结料。
在一些实施例中，胶结料包括第一胶结料和/或第二胶结料，其中，第一胶结料的原料包括：重油，100质量份；石油树脂，50～100质量份；粘接增强剂，0～1质量份。
在一些实施例中，第二胶结料为通过对第一胶结料进行改性的改性胶结料。优选的，改性胶结料的针入度为1～100。
在一些实施例中，改性胶结料的原料包括：重油，100质量份；石油树脂，50～100质量份；乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，0～50质量份；苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物，0～20质量份；粘接增强剂，0～1质量份。
在一些实施例中，重油的100℃运动粘度为20～100mm 2/s。
在一些实施例中，石油树脂的软化点为70～170℃。
在一些实施例中，石油树脂的酸值为0～16，优选为2～16。
本申请实施例中，胶结料的针入度可以定义为标准针(一般总质量为100g±0.05g)在5秒钟内沉入保温在25℃时的润滑脂试样中的深度；针入度愈大表示润滑脂愈软，即稠度愈小；反之则表示润滑脂愈硬，即稠度愈大。
本申请实施例中，重油的100℃运动粘度指的是在100℃下，石油的动力粘度与石油的密度之比，可采用逆流法全自动运动粘度测定仪测量。其中，运动粘度是指石油在单位接触面积上的内摩擦力与垂直于运动方向上的流速变化率的比值。
本申请实施例中，石油树脂的软化点指的是固态的石油树脂随温度的升高而变成粘流态时的温度，可采用环球法软化点仪测定测量。
作为具体的示例，第一胶结料的原料可以包括：重油(100℃的运动粘度为50mm 2/s)，50质量份；C9石油树脂(Novares T140)，46.8质量份；粘接增强剂(REDICOTE E-85，油酰胺丙基二甲胺(CAS:109-28-4))，0.2质量份。
作为具体的示例，第二胶结料的原料可以包括：重油(100℃的运动 粘度为50mm 2/s)，50质量份；C9石油树脂(Novares T140)，46.8质量份；乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(Escorene UL04533EH2)，3质量份；粘接增强剂(REDICOTE E-85，油酰胺丙基二甲胺(CAS:109-28-4))，0.2质量份。
在一些实施例中，第二胶结料中的乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物也可以被其他其它聚合物替代。优选的，其它聚合物可以包含苯乙烯-丁二烯二嵌段或苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯三嵌段聚合物等等。
在一些实施例中，胶结料的制备方法可以包括：
S02、将重油加热至140℃～145℃，并进行分散搅拌；
S04、按配方量缓慢添加石油树脂和乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(若有的话)，维持温度为140℃～145℃，并进行分散搅拌；
S06、按配方量添加粘接增强剂，继续分散搅拌后得到改性浅色胶结料。
在一些实施例中，上述制备步骤S02中分散搅拌的速率可以为800rad/min，搅拌时间可以为10min。
在一些实施例中，上述制备步骤S04中分散搅拌的速率可以为1500rad/min，搅拌时间可以为1h。
在一些实施例中，上述制备步骤S06中分散搅拌的时间可以为10～15min。
在一些实施例中，乳化沥青中所述沥青的种类没有特别的限制，可根据实际需求进行选择，可以选用本领域已知的各种沥青，如焦煤沥青、石油沥青及天然沥青等，也可以选用本申请实施例提供的低针入度的改性沥青。
在一些实施例中，本申请实施例制备的改性沥青的针入度在0～40之间。优选的，改性沥青的针入度为0～30。更优选的，改性沥青的针入度为0～20。在一些实施例中，改性沥青的软化点不低于60℃。
本申请实施例中，沥青的针入度可以定义为标准针(一般总质量为100g±0.05g)在5秒钟内沉入保温在25℃时的润滑脂试样中的深度；针入 度愈大表示润滑脂愈软，即稠度愈小；反之则表示润滑脂愈硬，即稠度愈大。
在一些实施例中，改性沥青的原料包括：第一基质沥青，100质量份；第二基质沥青，0～45质量份；乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，0～15质量份；苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物，0～20质量份；石油树脂，0～25质量份。
优选的，改性沥青的原料包括：第一基质沥青，100质量份；第二基质沥青，15～45质量份；乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，5～15质量份；苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物，5～15质量份；石油树脂，10～25质量份。
在一些实施例中，第一基质沥青的针入度可以为60～120。
在一些实施例中，第二基质沥青的针入度可以为1～30。
在一些实施例中，石油树脂的酸值可以为0～16。
在一些实施例中，第一基质沥青和第二基质沥青的混合物也可被与该混合物成份相同的单独一种基质沥青所替代。
在一些实施例中，改性沥青的原料包括：基质沥青，100质量份；石油树脂，0～20质量份；乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，0～10质量份；粘接增强剂，0～1质量份。
作为具体的示例，改性沥青的原料可以包括：基质沥青(针入度为70)，100质量份；石油树脂(Novares T140M)，11.5质量份；乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(Escorene UL04533EH2)，3.5质量份；粘接增强剂(REDICOTE E-85，油酰胺丙基二甲胺(CAS:109-28-4))，0.35质量份。
在一些实施例中，改性沥青中的乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物也可以被其他其它聚合物替代。优选的，其它聚合物可以包含苯乙烯-丁二烯二嵌段或苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯三嵌段聚合物等等。
在一些实施例中，改性沥青中石油树脂的酸值为0～16。优选的，改性沥青中石油树脂的酸值为8～11。
在一些实施例中，改性沥青中基质沥青的针入度为40～110。优选的，改性沥青中基质沥青的针入度为60～100。
在一些实施例中，改性沥青的制备方法可以包括：
S12、将基质沥青加热至160℃～165℃，并进行分散搅拌；
S14、按配方量缓慢添加乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、石油树脂及苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(若有)，维持温度在160℃～165℃，并进行分散搅拌；
S16、按配方量添加粘接增强剂，继续分散搅拌后得到改性沥青。
在一些实施例中，上述制备步骤S12中分散搅拌的速率可以为1000rad/min，搅拌时间可以为10min。
在一些实施例中，上述制备步骤S14中分散搅拌的速率可以为1000rad/min，搅拌时间可以为1h。
在一些实施例中，上述制备步骤S16中分散搅拌的时间可以为15min。
在一些实施例中，改性沥青的原料包括：基质沥青，100质量份；抗车辙母粒，0～100质量份；粘接增强剂，0～2质量份。
作为具体的示例，改性沥青的原料配比为：基质沥青，100质量份；抗车辙母粒(洛阳石化)，30质量份；粘接增强剂(REDICOTE E-85，油酰胺丙基二甲胺(CAS:109-28-4))，0.43质量份。
在一些实施例中，改性沥青中基质沥青的针入度为40～110。优选的，改性沥青中基质沥青的针入度为60～100。
在一些实施例中，改性沥青的制备方法可以包括：
S52、将基质沥青加热至155℃～160℃，并进行分散搅拌；
S54、按配方量缓慢添加抗车辙母粒，维持温度在155℃～160℃，并进行分散搅拌；
S56、按配方量添加粘接增强剂，继续分散搅拌后得到改性沥青。
在一些实施例中，上述制备步骤S52中分散搅拌的速率可以为1000rad/min，搅拌时间可以为10min。
在一些实施例中，上述制备步骤S54中分散搅拌的速率可以为1000rad/min，搅拌时间可以为1h。
在一些实施例中，上述制备步骤S56中分散搅拌的时间可以为 15min。
本申请实施例中，通过对第一胶结料和基质沥青进行改性制备得到针入度较低的改性胶结料和改性沥青，向其中加入黏土/质子酸乳化体系后，活性黏土分散在水中形成微小的胶体颗粒(直径粒径小于3μm)，具有很强的吸附性。当热改性胶结料和黏土溶液被高强剪切搅拌时，热改性胶结料在黏土溶液中被切割分散成微小颗粒(平均粒径在5～30μm)，黏土胶粒吸附在改性胶结料微粒周围，形成保护膜，具有一定强度不易被破坏，能够阻止改性胶结料颗粒重新凝聚，形成稳定的水包油乳化胶结料。当热沥青和黏土溶液被高强剪切搅拌时，热沥青在黏土溶液中被切割分散成微小颗粒(平均粒径在5～30μm)，黏土胶粒吸附在沥青微粒周围，形成保护膜，具有一定强度不易被破坏，能够阻止沥青颗粒重新凝聚，形成稳定的水包油乳化沥青。此外，改性胶结料和黏土之间、沥青和黏土之间也会发生化学或物理相互作用，例如改性胶结料中的酸和矿物颗粒的表面阳离子之间，改性胶结料中的含氮化合物与黏土的可交换阳离子之间可能发生交换反应；沥青中的酸和矿物颗粒的表面阳离子之间，沥青中的含氮化合物与黏土的可交换阳离子之间可能发生交换反应。另外，改性胶结料和改性沥青中存在结合的硫和氧，极性化合物始终存在；具有一定高极性的化合物可以置换黏土表面吸附的水分子。因此，该改性胶结料和改性沥青也可以实现被乳化，由此可以改变低针入度胶结料和沥青在道路系统中难以被乳化应用的现状。
本申请实施例中的改性胶结料和改性沥青，通过黏土/质子酸乳化体系乳化后，得到低针入度乳化胶结料和低针入度乳化沥青。其中，黏土/质子酸乳化体系能够提高低针入度乳化胶结料和低针入度乳化沥青的稳定性，降低其对高剪切力的敏感性。该低针入度乳化胶结料和低针入度乳化沥青通过稳定悬浮大量的集料，形成高粘度的含砂雾封层混合料和沥青混合料。
上述高粘度的含砂雾封层混合料和高粘度的沥青混合料，由于黏土胶粒分别吸附在胶结料微粒和沥青微粒周围，形成保护膜，具有一定强度不易被破坏，在使用标准泵送或喷洒设备进行路面施工的过程中，即使在高 剪切力的作用下，混合料中的乳化胶结料和乳化沥青也不会破乳结块而堵塞喷洒设备，能够实现连续大规模的机械化喷涂施工，由此解决了现有技术中存在的高粘度含砂雾封层混合料和高粘度的沥青混合料在高剪切力作用下发生结块堵塞而不能连续喷涂施工的问题。其中，破乳是由于高剪切力作用致使乳化胶结料不稳定导致的分散的胶结料相和沥青相的聚集，并在混合料中产生胶结料结块和沥青结块。
在一些实施例中，黏土的组份包括：SiO 2，100质量份；Al 2O 3，60～75质量份。优选的，黏土的平均粒径为D≤20μm。
在一些实施例中，黏土的组份还可以包括：TiO 2，6～8质量份；Fe 3O 4，4.5～6.5质量份CaO，1～1.5质量份；MgO，1～1.5质量份；K 2O，1～1.5质量份；Na 2O，0.1～0.2质量份。
在一些实施例中，黏土可以包括但不限于高岭土、伊利石、绿泥石、锂蒙脱石、膨润土及蒙脱石等中的一种或几种。优选的，黏土选用Al 2O 3含量较高的黏土，例如高岭土，伊利石，绿泥石等。
本申请实施例中，优选Al 2O 3含量较高的黏土，这是因为带较多正电荷的每个Al 3+需要被3个H +离子取代，因此，当黏土中的Al 2O 3的含量较高时，在黏土表面的酸根分子的接枝密度增加，相当于增加了胶结料乳胶粒表面的稳定层的厚度。因此，在同样酸性pH值下，Al 2O 3含量较高的黏土对胶结料的乳化效果较好。
在一些实施例中，在形成本申请实施例中的黏土/质子酸乳化体系之前，需要先将黏土分散在水中形成黏土分散体。
在一些实施例中，黏土分散体中黏土的质量百分含量为20％～60％。优选的，黏土分散体中黏土的质量百分含量为45％～55％。
在一些实施例中，质子酸可以包括无机酸和有机酸。
在一些实施例中，有机酸包含但不限于柠檬酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、乙酸、丙二酸、丁二酸、草酸、琥珀酸、马来酸等中的一种或多种。
在一些实施例中，无机酸包含但不限于盐酸、硼酸及磷酸等中的一种或多种。
在一些实施例中，在形成本申请实施例中的黏土/质子酸乳化体系之 前，需要先将质子酸溶解在水中形成酸性溶液。
在一些实施例中，酸性溶液中质子酸的质量百分含量为1％～20％。优选的，酸性溶液中质子酸的质量百分含量为5％～10％。
本申请实施例中，通过控制黏土/质子酸乳化体系中的pH值在一定范围内，能够使乳化胶结料和乳化沥青的平均粒径更均匀，平均粒径更小，固含量更高。
在一些实施例中，黏土/质子酸乳化体系中的pH值为4～5。优选的，黏土/质子酸乳化体系中的pH值为4～4.5。
本申请实施例中，质子酸改性黏土的乳化机理与两性乳化剂类似，可在酸和碱性环境下乳化胶结料和沥青。黏土与质子酸混合后形成的黏土酸性水乳液与热胶结料混合时，在机械力的作用下，胶结料分散成小液滴，而酸性黏土则吸附在胶结料液滴表面，形成阳离子乳液。乳化胶结料中的乳胶粒间因静电排斥力而使乳胶粒不易接近而稳定，吸附在胶结料乳胶粒表面的黏土，机械强度较高，使乳胶粒碰撞后不易破乳凝聚，额外增加了胶结料乳液的稳定性；黏土的存在，增加了胶结料相的密度。黏土与质子酸混合后形成的黏土酸性水乳液与热沥青混合时，在机械力的作用下，沥青分散成小液滴，而酸性黏土则吸附在沥青液滴表面，形成阳离子乳液。乳化沥青中的乳胶粒间因静电排斥力而使乳胶粒不易接近而稳定，吸附在沥青乳胶粒表面的黏土，机械强度较高，使乳胶粒碰撞后不易破乳凝聚，额外增加了沥青乳液的稳定性；黏土的存在，增加了沥青相的密度。
本申请实施例第二方面提供一种乳化胶结料的制备方法，包括：
S22、将黏土和质子酸在水中混合分散均匀，得到第一混合物；
S24、将第一混合物与胶结料在升高的温度下混合搅拌，以使胶结料乳化，得到乳化胶结料。
在一些实施例中，上述步骤S22可以进一步包括：
S220、按照配方将黏土分散在水中形成黏土分散体，将质子酸分散在水中形成酸性溶液；
S222、将黏土分散体、酸性溶液及水混合搅拌均匀，加热至55～65℃，并置于搅拌釜中进行分散搅拌；优选的，分散搅拌的速率为 1800rad/min。
在一些实施例中，上述步骤S24可以进一步包括：
S240、将胶结料加热至135～145℃，缓慢添加至搅拌釜中，同时提升搅拌速率；
S242、待胶结料添加完毕后，继续搅拌，直至乳化胶结料均匀。
在一些实施例中，步骤S240中胶结料的添加速率可以为100g/min，可以将搅拌速率在1min内逐步提升至3600rad/min。
在一些实施例中，步骤S242中的搅拌时间可以为3min。
在一些实施例中，乳化胶结料的制备方法还可以包括如下步骤：
S30、按照配方将黏土分散在水中形成黏土分散体，将质子酸分散在水中形成酸性溶液，然后将胶结料加热至135～145℃；
S31、将黏土分散体和2/3水泵入反应釜并通过容积泵循环；
S32、加入2/3水之后，开启泵入酸性溶液，继续添加剩余1/3水，开启乳化泵；
S33、充分混合黏土分散体、酸性溶液和水溶液，加热至55～65℃；
S34、开启胶结料泵，投料速度为50～70kg/min，投料过程中反应釜内温度保持90℃以下；
S35、按照配方添加量投料完成后，继续循环5min后，将乳化胶结料泵入缓冲罐中；
S36、将乳化胶结料通过热交换器后泵入成品罐，温度降至40℃以下备用。
本申请实施例制备的乳化胶结料，由于黏土胶粒包裹，乳化胶结料蒸发后在蒸发残留物中，黏土中的片层结构可吸附胶结料中的低软化点组分，并与高软化点的极性胶结料质等组分互相联结形成骨架网状结构，从而可进一步提升蒸发残留物的软化点，提升幅度达10℃以上，由此可使养护后的路面拥有更好的路用效果和更长的使用寿命。
本申请实施例第三方面提供一种含砂雾封层混合料，包括：
本申请实施例第一方面提供的乳化胶结料或本申请实施例第二方面提供的方法制备的乳化胶结料，100质量份；集料，5～70质量份。
本申请实施例的含砂雾封层混合料中，稳定悬浮有大量的集料，该含砂雾封层混合料在使用喷洒设备进行路面施工过程中，集料能够稳定悬浮而不会发生结块沉降堵塞喷洒设备，由此可以实现连续大规模的机械化喷涂。
在一些实施例中，集料包含石英砂、刚玉砂、金刚砂及水洗砂中的一种或多种。
在一些实施例中，含砂雾封层混合料还包括：助剂粉，0～20质量份；颜料，0～20质量份；胶乳添加剂，0～50质量份。
优选的，含砂雾封层混合料中胶乳添加剂的含量为5～20质量份。
优选的，含砂雾封层混合料中助剂粉的含量为5～20质量份。
优选的，含砂雾封层混合料中颜料的含量为3～20质量份。
在一些实施例中，颜料的种类没有特别的限制，可根据实际需求进行选择，例如可选用色粉、色浆、色膏等等。
在一些实施例中，助剂粉的种类没有特别的限制，可根据实际需求进行选择，例如可以选用钛白粉、高岭土、重钙、滑石粉及硅微粉等等。
优选的，助剂粉的粒径为400～1000目。本申请实施例中，助剂粉主要起到对施工作业面的遮盖作用。
在一些实施例中，胶乳添加剂的种类没有特别的限制，可根据实际需求进行选择，可以选用本领域公知的胶乳添加剂，例如丙烯酸胶乳、单组份水性环氧树脂、双组份水性环氧树脂、单组分水性聚氨酯、双组份水性聚氨酯及苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物胶乳等等。
本申请实施例中，胶乳添加剂的加入能够提升混合料的路用性能，同时不会对集料在乳化胶结料中的悬浮造成不利影响发生沉降。
在一些实施例中，含砂雾封层混合料的制备方法可以包括：
S40、按照配方比例准备原材料；
S42、向拉缸中加入乳化胶结料，开启搅拌10min；
S44、按照配方比例缓慢加入集料，搅拌10min；
S46、在温度不超过50℃的条件下加入胶乳添加剂、钛白粉及颜料，搅拌10min，得到含砂雾封层混合料。
本申请实施例中的含砂雾封层混合料由于不会发生结块沉降，因而可以实现大面积均匀涂覆到沥青路面上，并且其涂覆速率可以达到常规喷涂操作的最大速率，即5～10km/h，涂覆宽度可超过6m，施工效率可达到16.7m 2/s。
本申请实施例第四方面提供一种改性含砂雾封层混合料，包括：
本申请实施例第三方面提供的含砂雾封层混合料，100质量份；乳化再生剂，0～20质量份。
在一些实施例中，含砂雾封层混合料中乳化再生剂的含量为5～10质量份。
在一些实施例中，乳化再生剂包含硬葡萄糖和阳离子乳化剂的混合物。
本申请实施例提供的改性含砂雾封层混合料中，乳化再生剂可实现生物基再生剂首先与老化胶结料的破乳裹附，然后乳化胶结料再将再生剂裹附，保证再生剂与老化胶结料充分接触激活并还原。由此通过乳化再生剂改性的改性含砂雾封层混合料，能够改善路面的自修复性能和柔性，从而抑制由于老化导致的裂缝和脱粒现象。
本申请实施例第六方面提供一种乳化沥青的制备方法，包括：
S62、将黏土和质子酸在水中混合分散均匀，得到第一混合物；
S64、将第一混合物与沥青在升高的温度下混合搅拌以使沥青乳化，得到乳化沥青。
在一些实施例中，上述步骤S62可以进一步包括：
S620、按照配方将黏土分散在水中形成黏土分散体，将质子酸分散在水中形成酸性溶液；
S622、将黏土分散体、酸性溶液及水混合搅拌均匀，加热至55～65℃并置于搅拌釜中进行分散搅拌；优选的，分散搅拌的速率为1800rad/min。
在一些实施例中，上述步骤S64可以进一步包括：
S640、将沥青加热至135～145℃，缓慢添加至搅拌釜中，同时提升搅拌速率；
S642、待沥青添加完毕后，继续搅拌，直至乳化沥青均匀。
在一些实施例中，步骤S640中沥青的添加速率可以为100g/min，可以将搅拌速率在1min内逐步提升至3600rad/min。
在一些实施例中，步骤S642中的搅拌时间可以为3min。
在一些实施例中，乳化沥青的制备方法还可以包括如下步骤：
S70、按照配方将黏土分散在水中形成黏土分散体，将质子酸分散在水中形成酸性溶液，然后将沥青加热至135～145℃；
S71、将黏土分散体和2/3水泵入反应釜并通过容积泵循环；
S72、加入2/3水之后，开启泵入酸性溶液，继续添加剩余1/3水，开启乳化泵；
S73、充分混合黏土分散体、酸性溶液和水溶液，加热至55～65℃；
S74、开启沥青泵，投料速度为50～70kg/min，投料过程中反应釜内温度保持90℃以下；
S75、按照配方添加量投料完成后，继续循环5min后，将乳化沥青泵入缓冲罐中；
S76、将乳化沥青通过热交换器后泵入成品罐，温度降至40℃以下备用。
本申请实施例制备的乳化沥青，由于黏土胶粒包裹，乳化沥青蒸发后在蒸发残留物中，黏土中的片层结构可吸附沥青中的低软化点组分，并与高软化点的极性沥青质等组分互相联结形成骨架网状结构，从而可进一步提升蒸发残留物的软化点，提升幅度达10℃以上，由此可使养护后的路面拥有更好的路用效果和更长的使用寿命。
本申请实施例第七方面提供一种沥青混合料，包括：
本申请实施例第五方面提供的乳化沥青，100质量份；集料，10～70质量份。
本申请实施例的沥青混合料中，稳定悬浮有大量的集料，该沥青混合料在使用喷洒设备进行路面施工过程中，集料能够稳定悬浮而不会发生结块沉降堵塞喷洒设备，由此可以实现连续大规模的机械化喷涂。
在一些实施例中，集料包含石英砂、刚玉砂、金刚砂及水洗砂中的一种或多种。
在一些实施例中，沥青混合料还包括：胶乳添加剂，0～20质量份。优选的，沥青混合料中胶乳添加剂的含量为5～20质量份。
在一些实施例中，胶乳添加剂的种类没有特别的限制，可根据实际需求进行选择，可以选用本领域公知的胶乳添加剂，例如丙烯酸胶乳、单组份水性环氧树脂、双组份水性环氧树脂单组分水性聚氨酯、双组份水性聚氨酯及苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物胶乳等等。
本申请实施例中，胶乳添加剂的加入能够提升混合料的路用性能，同时不会对集料在乳化沥青中的悬浮造成不利影响发生沉降。
在一些实施例中，沥青混合料的制备方法可以包括：
S80、按照配方比例准备原材料；
S82、向拉缸中加入乳化沥青，开启搅拌10min；
S84、按照配方比例缓慢加入集料，搅拌10min；
S86、在温度不超过50℃的条件下加入胶乳添加剂，搅拌10min，得到沥青混合料。
本申请实施例中的沥青混合料由于不会发生结块沉降，因而可以实现大面积均匀涂覆到沥青路面上，并且其涂覆速率可以达到常规喷涂操作的最大速率，即5～10km/h，涂覆宽度可超过6m，施工效率可达到16.7m 2/s。
本申请实施例第八方面提供一种改性沥青混合料，包括：
本申请实施例第七方面提供的沥青混合料，100质量份；乳化再生剂，0～10质量份。
在一些实施例中，沥青混合料中乳化再生剂的含量为5～10质量份。
在一些实施例中，乳化再生剂包含硬葡萄糖和阳离子乳化剂的混合物。
本申请实施例提供的改性沥青混合料中，乳化再生剂可实现生物基再生剂首先与老化沥青的破乳裹附，然后乳化沥青再将再生剂裹附，保证再生剂与老化沥青充分接触激活并还原。由此通过乳化再生剂改性的改性沥青混合料，能够改善路面的自修复性能和柔性，从而抑制由于老化导致的裂缝和脱粒现象。
本申请实施例第九方面提供一种混合料系统，包括：
本申请实施例第三方面提供的含砂雾封层混合料、本申请实施例第四方面提供的改性含砂雾封层混合料、本申请第三方面提供的沥青混合料或本申请第三方面提供的改性沥青混合料，和用于调节所述混合料系统粘度的溶液。
在一些实施例中，溶液包含酸性溶液或碱性溶液。其中，酸性溶液的pH值为1～3。在一些实施例中，碱性溶液的pH值为10～12。
本申请实施例中的混合料系统，在不改变体系的固含量或者引入其他增稠添加剂的情况下，仅通过添加酸性溶液或碱性溶液来改变系统pH值即可调节混合料系统的粘度，与改变系统固含量或引入增稠或降黏类添加剂的传统办法相比，操作更简单高效。
作为具体的示例，在进行混合料的喷涂施工时，在运输过程中可以通过添加柠檬酸溶液将系统的pH值调至6，斯托莫粘度提升至140KU，保证运输过程中混合料的稳定性。抵达施工现场后，根据施工设备情况可通过添加氢氧化钾溶液将系统的pH值调至6.5～8，斯托莫粘度降低至80KU，在保持混合料均质的同时保证喷涂作业的顺利进行。
本申请实施例的混合料系统中，胶结料乳胶粒或沥青乳胶粒的初始尺寸在制备胶结料乳液时确定，之后通过调节pH值，改变胶结料乳胶粒或沥青乳胶粒的凝聚状态。当pH增加时，胶结料乳胶粒表面或沥青乳胶粒表面正电荷量减少，乳胶粒部分絮凝成较大的粒子，因此粘度下降(在乳液中，相同固含时，粒径较小则粘度较大)。
本申请实施例第十方面提供一种含路面结构，包含本申请实施例第三方面提供的含砂雾封层混合料、本申请实施例第四方面提供的改性含砂雾封层混合料、本申请第三方面提供的沥青混合料、本申请第三方面提供的改性沥青混合料及本申请实施例第五方面提供的混合料系统中的一种或多种。
实施例
下述实施例更具体地描述了本申请公开的内容，这些实施例仅仅用于阐述性说明，因为在本申请公开内容的范围内进行各种修改和变化对本领 域技术人员来说是明显的。除非另有声明，以下实施例中所报道的所有份、百分比、和比值都是基于重量计，而且实施例中使用的所有试剂都可商购获得或是按照常规方法进行合成获得，并且可直接使用而无需进一步处理，以及实施例中使用的仪器均可商购获得。
实施例1
乳化胶结料的制备
乳化胶结料包括：黏土分散体，质量百分比为17.5％；柠檬酸溶液，质量百分比为0.75％；水，质量百分比为24.25％；胶结料，质量百分比为57.5％。
其中，胶结料包括：重油，质量百分比为53.5％；C9石油树脂(Novares T140)，质量百分比为46.3％；粘接增强剂(REDICOTE E-85，油酰胺丙基二甲胺(CAS:109-28-4))，质量百分比为0.2％。
黏土分散体中的黏土选用高岭土，黏土与水的质量百分比分别为：黏土41％，水59％。柠檬酸溶液中柠檬酸与水的质量百分比分别为：柠檬酸9％，水91％。
将水、黏土分散体、柠檬酸溶液混合，加热至55～65℃，置于搅拌釜，开启高分散搅拌机1800rad/min；将胶结料加热至135～145℃，缓慢添加至搅拌釜中(100g/min)，搅拌速率同时逐步提升至3600rad/min(1min内)；全部胶结料添加完毕后，继续搅拌3min，直至乳化胶结料均匀，得到乳化胶结料。
含砂雾封层混合料的制备
含砂雾封层混合料包括：上述制备的乳化胶结料、石英砂(40～80目)、钛白粉(400目)及颜料，四者的质量比为100:40:5:3。
按照配方比例准备原材料；向拉缸中加入乳化胶结料，开启搅拌10min；按照配方比例缓慢加入石英砂，搅拌10min；按照配方比例添加钛白粉和色料，搅拌10min，注意加料和搅拌过程中混合料温度不超过50℃，最终得到含砂雾封层混合料。
实施例2
乳化胶结料、含砂雾封层混合料的制备过程同实施例1，区别在于： 含砂雾封层混合料中加入SBR胶乳，其中，乳化胶结料与SBR胶乳的质量比为100:5。
实施例3
乳化胶结料、含砂雾封层混合料的制备过程同实施例1，区别在于：乳化胶结料的制备过程中，胶结料由改性胶结料替代。
改性胶结料的制备
改性胶结料包含：重油，质量百分比为54.85％；C9石油树脂(Novares T140)，质量百分比为42.03％；乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(Escorene UL04533EH2)，质量百分比为2.95％；粘接增强剂(REDICOTE E-85，油酰胺丙基二甲胺(CAS:109-28-4))，质量百分比为0.2％。
将重油加热至140℃～145℃，高分散搅拌机1000rad/min、搅拌10min；按配方量缓慢添加EVA、C9石油树脂，维持温度在140℃～145℃，高分散搅拌机1000rad/min、搅拌1h；按配方量添加粘接增强剂，搅拌15min，得到改性胶结料。
实施例4
乳化胶结料、含砂雾封层混合料的制备过程同实施例1，区别在于：(1)乳化胶结料的制备过程中，胶结料由改性胶结料替代；(2)含砂雾封层混合料中加入SBR胶乳，其中，乳化胶结料与SBR胶乳的质量比为100:5。
实施例5
乳化胶结料、含砂雾封层混合料的制备过程同实施例4，区别在于：乳化胶结料中，柠檬酸溶液中的柠檬酸由相同质量百分比的酒石酸代替。
实施例6
乳化胶结料、含砂雾封层混合料的制备过程同实施例4，区别在于：乳化胶结料中，柠檬酸溶液中的柠檬酸由相同质量百分比的盐酸代替。
实施例7
乳化胶结料、含砂雾封层混合料的制备过程同实施例4，区别在于：含砂雾封层混合料中添加2.2g柠檬酸溶液，其中，柠檬酸溶液中柠檬酸的 质量百分比为7.25％。
实施例8
乳化胶结料、含砂雾封层混合料的制备过程同实施例4，区别在于：含砂雾封层混合料中添加12.2g的NaOH溶液，其中，NaOH溶液中NaOH的质量百分比为10％。
实施例9
乳化胶结料、含砂雾封层混合料的制备过程同实施例4，区别在于：含砂雾封层混合料中添加12.2g的水。
实施例10
乳化胶结料、含砂雾封层混合料的制备过程同实施例4，区别在于：含砂雾封层混合料中添加12.2g的NaOH溶液和2.2g的增稠剂，其中，NaOH溶液中NaOH的质量百分比为10％。
实施例11
乳化胶结料、含砂雾封层混合料的制备过程同实施例4，区别在于：含砂雾封层混合料中添加60g的水。
实施例12
乳化沥青的制备
乳化沥青包括：黏土分散体，质量百分比为17.5％；柠檬酸溶液，质量百分比为0.75％；水，质量百分比为24.25％；70#沥青，质量百分比为57.5％。
其中，黏土分散体中的黏土选用高岭土，黏土与水的质量百分比分别为：黏土41％，水59％。柠檬酸溶液中柠檬酸与水的质量百分比分别为：柠檬酸9％，水91％。
将水、黏土分散体、柠檬酸溶液混合，加热至55～65℃，置于搅拌釜，开启高分散搅拌机1800rad/min；将70#沥青加热至135～145℃，缓慢添加至搅拌釜中(100g/min)，搅拌速率同时逐步提升至3600rad/min(1min内)；全部沥青添加完毕后，继续搅拌3min，直至乳化沥青均匀，得到乳化沥青。
沥青混合料的制备
沥青混合料包括：上述制备的乳化沥青和金刚砂(40～80目)，二者的质量比为100:40。
按照配方比例准备原材料；向拉缸中加入乳化沥青，开启搅拌10min；按照配方比例缓慢加入金刚砂，搅拌10min，注意加料和搅拌过程中混合料温度不超过50℃，最终得到沥青混合料。
实施例13
乳化沥青、沥青混合料的制备过程同实施例12，区别在于：沥青混合料中加入SBR胶乳，其中，乳化沥青、金刚砂(40～80目)及SBR胶乳的质量比为100:40:5。
实施例14
乳化沥青、沥青混合料的制备过程同实施例12，区别在于：(1)乳化沥青的制备过程中，70#沥青由第一改性沥青替代；(2)沥青混合料中加入SBR胶乳，其中，乳化沥青、金刚砂(40～80目)及SBR胶乳的质量比为100:40:5。
第一改性沥青的制备
第一改性沥青包含：质量百分比为3％的EVA(Escorene UL04533EH2)，质量百分比为10％的石油树脂(Novares T140M)，质量百分比为0.3％的粘接增强剂(REDICOTE E-85，油酰胺丙基二甲胺(CAS：109-28-4)，质量百分比为86.7％的基质沥青(针入度70)。
将基质沥青加热至160℃～165℃，高分散搅拌机1000rad/min、搅拌10min；按配方量缓慢添加EVA、石油树脂，维持温度在160～165℃，高分散搅拌机1000rad/min、搅拌1h；按配方量添加粘接增强剂，搅拌15min；所得第一改性沥青的针入度<40，软化点>60℃。
实施例15
乳化沥青、沥青混合料的制备过程同实施例12，区别在于：乳化沥青的制备过程中，70#沥青由第二改性沥青替代。
第二改性沥青的制备
第二改性沥青包含：质量百分比为30％的抗车辙母粒(洛阳石化)，质量百分比为0.3％的粘接增强剂(REDICOTE E-85，油酰胺丙基二甲胺 (CAS：109-28-4)，质量百分比为69.7％的基质沥青(针入度70)。
将基质沥青加热至155℃～160℃，高分散搅拌机1000rad/min、搅拌10min；按配方量缓慢添加抗车辙母粒，维持温度在150～155℃，高分散搅拌机1000rad/min、搅拌1h；按配方量添加粘接增强剂，搅拌15min；所得第二改性沥青的针入度<25，软化点>60℃。
实施例16
乳化沥青、沥青混合料的制备过程同实施例12，区别在于：(1)乳化沥青的制备过程中，70#沥青由第二改性沥青替代；(2)沥青混合料中加入SBR胶乳，其中，乳化沥青、金刚砂(40～80目)及SBR胶乳的质量比为100:40:5。
实施例17
乳化沥青、沥青混合料的制备过程同实施例16，区别在于：乳化沥青中，柠檬酸溶液中的柠檬酸由相同质量百分比的酒石酸代替。
实施例18
乳化沥青、沥青混合料的制备过程同实施例16，区别在于：乳化沥青中，柠檬酸溶液中的柠檬酸由相同质量百分比的盐酸代替。
实施例19
乳化沥青、沥青混合料的制备过程同实施例16，区别在于：沥青混合料中添加2.2g柠檬酸溶液，其中，柠檬酸溶液中柠檬酸的质量百分比为7.25％。
实施例20
乳化沥青、沥青混合料的制备过程同实施例16，区别在于：沥青混合料中添加12.2g的NaOH溶液，其中，NaOH溶液中NaOH的质量百分比为10％。
实施例21
乳化沥青、沥青混合料的制备过程同实施例16，区别在于：沥青混合料中添加12.2g的水。
实施例22
乳化沥青、沥青混合料的制备过程同实施例16，区别在于：沥青混合 料中添加12.2g的NaOH溶液和2.2g的增稠剂，其中，NaOH溶液中NaOH的质量百分比为10％。
实施例23
乳化沥青、沥青混合料的制备过程同实施例16，区别在于：沥青混合料中添加60g的水。
对比例1
乳化胶结料、含砂雾封层混合料的制备同实施例4相似，区别在于：对比例1中用常规阴离子沥青乳化剂脂肪酸酰胺烷基甜菜碱(
Figure PCTCN2022134656-appb-000001
Addibit EK 50)代替实施例4中的黏土/柠檬酸乳化体系。
对比例1中的乳化胶结料包括：改性胶结料，600g；常规阴离子沥青乳化剂(
Figure PCTCN2022134656-appb-000002
Addibit EK 50)，10g；质量百分比为10％的NaOH溶液，1g；水，389g；聚酰胺蜡增稠剂，50g。
对比例2
乳化沥青、沥青混合料的制备同实施例16相似，区别在于：对比例2中用常规阴离子沥青乳化剂脂肪酸酰胺烷基甜菜碱(
Figure PCTCN2022134656-appb-000003
Addibit EK50)代替实施例5中的黏土/柠檬酸乳化体系。
对比例2中的乳化沥青包括：第二改性沥青，600g；常规阴离子沥青乳化剂(
Figure PCTCN2022134656-appb-000004
Addibit EK 50)，10g；质量百分比为10％的NaOH溶液，1g；水，389g；聚酰胺蜡增稠剂，50g。
对比例3
对比例3为市售竞品1的乳化沥青，该乳化沥青中使用的乳化剂为陶土/硬脂酸钠乳化剂。
对比例4
对比例4为市售竞品2的乳化沥青，该乳化沥青为含可挥发有机溶剂的陶土型乳化沥青。
测试部分
对上述实施例1～11及对比例1中的乳化胶结料及含砂雾封层混合料进行相关的物理力学性能测试，测试结果示于如下表1和表2。
表1
Figure PCTCN2022134656-appb-000005
表2
Figure PCTCN2022134656-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2022134656-appb-000007
测试方法：
(1)针入度：按照JTG E20-2011《公路工程沥青及沥青混合料混合 料试验规程》T0604-2011胶结料针入度试验进行测试。
(2)酸值：按照JTG E20-2011《公路工程胶结料及含砂雾封层混合料试验规程》T0626-2000胶结料酸值测定方法进行测试。
(3)pH：按照HJ 1147-2020标准进行测试。
(4)固含量：按照JTG E20 T0651标准进行测试。
(5)斯托默粘度：按照GB 9269-88标准进行测试。
(6)蒸发残留物软化点：按照JTG E20 T0606标准进行测试。
(7)含砂量：按照GB/14684标准进行测试。
(8)悬砂24h稳定性：按照JTG E20 T0655标准进行测试。
(9)附着力：按照GB/T 9286标准进行测试。
(10)耐洗刷：按照GB/T 9266-2009标准进行测试。
(11)不沾胎时间按：按照JT/T 280标准进行测试。
(12)表干时间、实干时间：按照GB/T 16777-2008标准进行测试。
(13)运动粘度：按照GB/T 265-1988标准进行测试。
(14)软化点：按照GB/T 4507-2014标准进行测试。
对比分析实施例1～6与对比例1可知，通过本申请黏土/质子酸乳化体系乳化的胶结料，其固含量得到大幅度的提升；与对比例1相比，实施例1～6中含砂雾封层混合料的固含量、含砂量及悬砂24h稳定性均明显高于对比例1，由此可知通过利用本申请中黏土/质子酸乳化体系进行乳化，乳化胶结料的集料悬浮能力得到了大幅提升。此外，含砂雾封层混合料在设备罐体内可稳定储存12h以上，无砂沉降；使用大型机械设备连续喷洒1km以上无喷嘴堵塞；设备滤网及喷嘴处无沉淀、无结团造成设备堵塞；施工完成后罐底滤网无砂沉淀；由此能够实现连续大规模的机械化喷涂施工。
对比分析实施例7～11与对比例1可知，通过向含砂雾封层混合料中加入酸性或碱性溶液，能够达到调节混合料系统粘度的目的。
对上述实施例12～23及对比例2～4中的乳化沥青及沥青混合料进行相关的物理力学性能测试，测试结果示于如下表3和表4。
表3
Figure PCTCN2022134656-appb-000008
表4
Figure PCTCN2022134656-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2022134656-appb-000010
测试方法：
(1)沥青针入度：按照JTG E20-2011《公路工程沥青及沥青混合料试验规程》T0604-2011沥青针入度试验进行测试。
(2)酸值：按照JTG E20-2011《公路工程沥青及沥青混合料试验规程》T0626-2000沥青酸值测定方法进行测试。
(3)pH：按照HJ 1147-2020标准进行测试。
(4)固含量：按照JTG E20 T0651标准进行测试。
(5)斯托默粘度：按照GB 9269-88标准进行测试。
(6)蒸发残留物软化点：按照JTG E20 T0606标准进行测试。
(7)含砂量：按照GB/14684标准进行测试。
(8)悬砂24h稳定性：按照JTG E20 T0655标准进行测试。
(9)附着力：按照GB/T 9286标准进行测试。
(10)耐洗刷：按照GB/T 9266-2009标准进行测试。
(11)不沾胎时间按：按照JT/T 280标准进行测试。
(12)表干时间、实干时间：按照GB/T 16777-2008标准进行测试。
对比分析实施例12～18与对比例2～4可知，通过本申请黏土/质子酸乳化体系乳化的沥青，其固含量得到大幅度的提升；与对比例2～4相比，实施例1～7中沥青混合料的固含量、含砂量及悬砂24h稳定性均明显高于对比例1～3，由此可知通过利用本申请中黏土/质子酸乳化体系进行乳化，乳化沥青的集料悬浮能力得到了大幅提升。此外，沥青混合料在设备罐体内可稳定储存12h以上，无砂沉降；使用大型机械设备连续喷洒1km以上无喷嘴堵塞；设备滤网及喷嘴处无沉淀、无结团造成设备堵塞；施工完成后罐底滤网无砂沉淀；由此能够实现连续大规模的机械化喷涂施工。
对比分析实施例19～23与对比例2～4可知，通过向沥青混合料中加入酸性或碱性溶液，能够达到调节混合料系统粘度的目的。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换，这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本申请的保 护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种乳化胶结料，其特征在于，包括分散在水中的如下组分：
    胶结料，100质量份；
    黏土，10～30质量份；
    质子酸，0.01～1.5质量份；
    其中，所述乳化胶结料的pH值为2～12；优选的，所述乳化胶结料的pH值为6.5～7.5。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的乳化胶结料，其特征在于，所述乳化胶结料的平均粒径为3μm～50μm；优选的，所述乳化胶结料的平均粒径为5μm～20μm。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的乳化胶结料，其特征在于，所述黏土包括：
    SiO 2，100质量份；
    Al 2O 3，40～90质量份。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的乳化胶结料，其特征在于，所述质子酸包括有机酸和无机酸，
    其中，所述有机酸包含柠檬酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、乙酸、丙二酸、丁二酸、草酸、琥珀酸及马来酸中的一种或多种；和/或
    所述无机酸包含盐酸、硼酸及磷酸中的一种或多种。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的乳化胶结料，其特征在于，所述胶结料包括第一胶结料和/或第二胶结料，其中，所述第一胶结料包括：
    重油，100质量份；
    石油树脂，50～100质量份；
    粘接增强剂，0～1质量份。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的乳化胶结料，其特征在于，所述第二胶结料包括：
    重油，100质量份；
    石油树脂，50～100质量份；
    乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，0～50质量份；
    苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物，0～20质量份；
    粘接增强剂，0～1质量份。
  7. 如权利要求5或6所述的乳化胶结料，其特征在于，所述重油的100℃运动粘度为20～100mm 2/s；和/或
    所述石油树脂的软化点为70～170℃；和/或
    所述石油树脂的酸值为0～16，优选为2～16。
  8. 一种乳化胶结料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：
    将黏土和质子酸在水中混合分散均匀，得到第一混合物；
    将所述第一混合物与胶结料在升高的温度下混合搅拌，以使所述胶结料乳化，得到乳化胶结料。
  9. 一种含砂雾封层混合料，其特征在于，包括：
    权利要求1-7中任一项所述的乳化胶结料或权利要求8所述的制备方法制备的乳化胶结料，100质量份；
    集料，5～70质量份。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的含砂雾封层混合料，其特征在于，所述集料包含石英砂、刚玉砂、金刚砂及水洗砂中的一种或多种。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的含砂雾封层混合料，其特征在于，所述混合料还包括：
    助剂粉，0～20质量份，优选为5～20质量份；
    颜料，0～20质量份，优选为5～20质量份；
    胶乳添加剂，0～50质量份，优选为5～20质量份。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的含砂雾封层混合料，其特征在于，所述助剂粉包含钛白粉、高岭土、重钙、滑石粉及硅微粉中的一种或多种；和/或
    所述胶乳添加剂包含丙烯酸胶乳、单组分水性环氧树脂、双组份水性环氧树脂、单组分水性聚氨酯、双组份水性聚氨酯及苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物胶乳中的一种或多种。
  13. 一种改性含砂雾封层混合料，其特征在于，包括：
    权利要求9-12中任一项所述的含砂雾封层混合料，100质量份；
    乳化再生剂，0～20质量份，优选为5～10质量份。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的改性含砂雾封层混合料，其特征在于，所述乳化再生剂包含硬葡聚糖和阳离子乳化剂的混合物。
  15. 一种乳化沥青，其特征在于，包括分散在水中的如下组分：
    沥青，100质量份；
    黏土，10～30质量份；
    质子酸，0.01～1.5质量份；
    其中，所述乳化沥青的pH值为2～12；优选的，所述乳化沥青的pH值为6.5～7.5。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的乳化沥青，其特征在于，所述乳化沥青的平均粒径为3μm～50μm；优选的，所述乳化沥青的平均粒径为5μm～20μm。
  17. 如权利要求15所述的乳化沥青，其特征在于，所述黏土包括：
    SiO 2，100质量份；
    Al 2O 3，40～90质量份。
  18. 如权利要求15所述的乳化沥青，其特征在于，所述质子酸包括有机酸和无机酸，
    其中，所述有机酸包含柠檬酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、乙酸、丙二酸、丁二酸、草酸、琥珀酸及马来酸中的一种或多种；和/或
    所述无机酸包含盐酸、硼酸及磷酸中的一种或多种。
  19. 如权利要求15所述的乳化沥青，其特征在于，所述沥青包括改性沥青，所述改性沥青包括：
    第一基质沥青，100质量份；
    第二基质沥青，0～45质量份；
    乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，0～15质量份；
    苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物，0～20质量份；
    石油树脂，0～25质量份。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的乳化沥青，其特征在于，所述改性沥青包括：
    第一基质沥青，100质量份；
    第二基质沥青，15～45质量份；
    乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，5～15质量份；
    苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物，5～15质量份；
    石油树脂，10～25质量份。
  21. 如权利要求19或20所述的乳化沥青，其特征在于，所述第一基质沥青的针入度为60～120；和/或
    所述第二基质沥青的针入度为1～30，优选的，所述第二基质沥青的沥青质含量大于35％；和/或
    所述石油树脂的酸值为0～16。
  22. 一种乳化沥青的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：
    将黏土和质子酸在水中混合分散均匀，得到第一混合物；
    将所述第一混合物与沥青在升高的温度下混合搅拌以使沥青乳化，得到乳化沥青。
  23. 一种沥青混合料，其特征在于，包括：
    权利要求15-21中任一项所述的乳化沥青，100质量份；
    集料，10～70质量份。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的沥青混合料，其特征在于，所述集料包含石英砂、刚玉砂、金刚砂及水洗砂中的一种或多种。
  25. 如权利要求23所述的沥青混合料，其特征在于，所述混合料还包括：
    胶乳添加剂，0～20质量份，优选为5～20质量份；
    其中，所述胶乳添加剂包含丙烯酸胶乳、单组分水性环氧树脂、双组份水性环氧树脂、单组分水性聚氨酯、双组份水性聚氨酯及苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物胶乳中的一种或多种。
  26. 一种改性沥青混合料，其特征在于，包括：
    权利要求23-25中任一项所述的沥青混合料，100质量份；
    乳化再生剂，0～10质量份，优选为5～10质量份。
  27. 如权利要求26所述的改性沥青混合料，其特征在于，所述乳化再生剂包含硬葡聚糖和阳离子乳化剂的混合物。
  28. 一种混合料系统，其特征在于，包括：
    权利要求9-12中任一项所述的含砂雾封层混合料、权利要求13-14中任一项所述的改性含砂雾封层混合料、权利要求23-25中任一项所述的沥青混合料或权利要求26-27中任一项所述的改性沥青混合料，和
    用于调节所述混合料系统粘度的溶液。
  29. 如权利要求28所述的混合料系统，其特征在于，所述溶液包含酸性溶液和/或碱性溶液；
    其中，所述酸性溶液的pH值为1～3；和/或
    所述碱性溶液的pH值为10～12。
  30. 一种路面结构，其特征在于，包含权利要求9-12中任一项所述的含砂雾封层混合料、权利要求13-14中所述的改性含砂雾封层混合料、权利要求23-25中任一项所述的沥青混合料、权利要求26-27中任一项所述的改性沥青混合料及权利要求28-29中所述的混合料系统中的一种或多种。
PCT/CN2022/134656 2021-12-08 2022-11-28 乳化胶结料、乳化沥青、制备方法及其应用 Ceased WO2023103821A1 (zh)

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