WO2023108509A1 - 集流构件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 - Google Patents

集流构件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023108509A1
WO2023108509A1 PCT/CN2021/138562 CN2021138562W WO2023108509A1 WO 2023108509 A1 WO2023108509 A1 WO 2023108509A1 CN 2021138562 W CN2021138562 W CN 2021138562W WO 2023108509 A1 WO2023108509 A1 WO 2023108509A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
insulator
current
collecting member
current collecting
current collector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/138562
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
苏华圣
邢承友
李全坤
王鹏
杨道伟
金海族
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to EP26150218.1A priority Critical patent/EP4708549A3/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/138562 priority patent/WO2023108509A1/zh
Priority to CN202180094634.6A priority patent/CN116941075B/zh
Priority to EP21967645.9A priority patent/EP4354556B1/en
Priority to CN202511299268.4A priority patent/CN121307050A/zh
Publication of WO2023108509A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023108509A1/zh
Priority to US18/409,908 priority patent/US20240154251A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/471—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01M50/474—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof characterised by their position inside the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/471—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01M50/477—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/538—Connection of several leads or tabs of wound or folded electrode stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/564—Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process
    • H01M50/566—Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process by welding, soldering or brazing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular, to a current collecting component, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • batteries are used more and more widely, such as mobile phones, laptop computers, battery cars, electric vehicles, electric aircraft, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes and electric tools.
  • the battery cell it is necessary to consider not only the performance of the battery cell, but also the safety of the battery cell. If the safety of the battery cell is low, the battery cell may have safety hazards such as fire and explosion. Therefore, how to improve the safety of battery cells is an urgent problem to be solved in battery technology.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a current collecting component, a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device, which can effectively improve the safety of the battery cell.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a current collecting member for a battery cell.
  • the battery cell has two output poles with opposite polarities for outputting electric energy.
  • the current collecting member includes: two current collectors , arranged oppositely along the width direction of the current collecting member, the two current collectors are used to respectively connect the two output poles; the insulator is used to connect the two current collectors, along the width direction, the The insulator is at least partly located between the two current collectors, so as to insulate and isolate the two current collectors; the position-limiting structure is used to restrict the current collector from separating from the insulator along the width direction.
  • the two current collectors are connected by an insulator, and the two current collectors are insulated and isolated by the insulator, and the limiting structure restricts the current collecting member from detaching from the insulator along the width direction of the current collecting member, so that the two current collectors are not easy to detach from the insulator, reducing the
  • the two current collectors are overlapped with each other, which causes the risk of internal short circuit of the battery cell and improves the safety of the battery cell.
  • the limiting structure includes a limiting part and a recess, one of the limiting part and the recess is arranged on the current collector, and the other is arranged on the insulator;
  • the position portion is used for inserting and fitting with the recessed portion, so as to restrict the current collector from detaching from the insulator along the width direction.
  • the current collector is restricted from detaching from the insulator along the width direction of the current collecting member through the plug-fitting of the limiting part and the concave part.
  • the structure is simple, easy to form and manufacture, and can effectively improve the firmness of the connection between the current collector and the insulator.
  • the insulator is provided with a limiting groove, and one end of the current collector is snapped into the limiting groove along the width direction, so as to limit the direction of the current collector along the current collecting member.
  • the thickness direction moves relative to the insulator.
  • one end of the current collecting member is snapped into the limiting groove of the insulator, and the limiting groove acts as a limit on the current collecting member to restrict the current collector from moving relative to the insulator along the thickness direction of the current collecting member, so that the collector The fluid is not easy to escape from the insulator in both the width direction and the thickness direction of the current collecting member.
  • the limiting structure includes: a concave portion disposed on the current collector; a limiting portion disposed on the insulator, the limiting portion is at least partially located in the limiting groove and connected to the The concave part is plug-fitted to restrict the current collector from detaching from the insulator along the width direction.
  • the limiting portion on the insulator is inserted into the concave portion of the current collector, and one end of the current collecting member is snapped into the limiting groove of the insulator, so that the current collector is uniform along the width direction and the thickness direction of the current collecting member. Not easy to break away from the insulator.
  • the recess is a first through hole penetrating through the surface of the current collector in the thickness direction.
  • the concave part is a through-hole structure, which is easy to process, and the concave part can provide more accommodation space for the limiting part. Limiting ability, further improving the firmness of the connection between the current collector and the insulator.
  • the limiting groove includes two groove side walls, and along the thickness direction, the two groove side walls are opposite to each other, and the two ends of the limiting part are respectively fixed to the two grooves. side wall.
  • the two ends of the limiting part are respectively fixed on the two groove side walls of the limiting groove, so as to enhance the connection strength between the limiting part and the insulator, and reduce the current collector's detachment from the limiting part due to the breakage of the limiting part and the insulator. Groove risk.
  • the recess is recessed along a thickness direction of the current collecting member.
  • the concave part is depressed along the thickness direction of the current collecting member, so that the stopper part also extends along the thickness direction of the current collecting member, and the stopper part cooperates with the recessed part to restrict the current collector from detaching from the insulator along the width direction of the current collecting member. It is simple and reduces the difficulty of forming the concave part and the limiting part.
  • a plurality of limiting structures arranged along the extending direction of the current collecting member are arranged between the current collector and the insulator.
  • the firmness after the connection between the current collector and the insulator can be further improved, so that the current collector is less likely to be detached from the insulator.
  • the current collecting member includes a plurality of insulators, and the plurality of insulators are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the current collecting member; The gap region between the two insulators is bent.
  • a plurality of insulators are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the current collecting member, so that the current collector is easier to bend in the gap region between two adjacent insulators, and it is convenient to bend the current collecting member into a folded structure, In order to reduce the space inside the battery cell occupied by the current collecting member.
  • the insulator is an injection molded part between the two current collectors.
  • the insulator is an injection molded part, which is easy to form, and the molded insulator and the current collector are adhered together, which can improve the firmness of the connection between the current collector and the insulator.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, including: an electrode assembly with two tabs, the two tabs have opposite polarities; two output poles, and the two output poles have opposite polarities , the two output poles are used to output the electric energy of the battery cell; and the current collecting member provided by any one embodiment of the first aspect, one current collector is used to connect a tab and an output pole, and the other current collector is used for Connect another tab to another output pole.
  • two tabs are formed at the same end of the electrode assembly.
  • the two tabs are formed on the same side of the electrode assembly, which is convenient for connection with the two current collectors, realizes tabs on the same side, reduces the space occupied by the tabs, and is conducive to improving the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the current collector has a welding area for welding with the tab, the welding area has an abutment surface for abutting against the tab, and the insulator does not exceed the abutment surface. Face to face.
  • the insulator does not exceed the abutment surface where the current collector and the tab are welded, so as to prevent the insulator from interfering with the tab when the current collector is welded to the tab, and thus prevent the abutment surface from abutting against the tab.
  • the electrode assembly has a central hole
  • the insulator is provided with a second through hole
  • the second through hole is disposed opposite to the central hole.
  • the second through hole on the insulator is arranged opposite to the central hole of the electrode assembly, so that accurate installation of the current collecting member can be realized.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, including: the battery cell provided in any one embodiment of the second aspect; and a box for accommodating the battery cell.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an electric device, including the battery provided in any one embodiment of the third aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a current collecting member, including: providing two current collectors; providing an insulator; connecting the insulator to the two current collectors so that the two current collectors are along the The width direction of the current collecting member is arranged oppositely, and the insulator is at least partly located between the two current collectors in the width direction, so as to insulate and isolate the two current collectors; wherein, the insulator and A limiting structure is formed between the current collectors, and the limiting structure is used to limit the current collector from detaching from the insulator along the width direction.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a manufacturing equipment for a current collecting member, including: a first providing equipment for providing two current collectors; a second providing equipment for providing an insulator; an assembly device for The insulator is connected to the two current collectors so that the two current collectors are arranged opposite to each other along the width direction of the current collection member, and the insulator is at least partially positioned between the two current collectors in the width direction. between the two current collectors to insulate and isolate the two current collectors; wherein, a limiting structure is formed between the insulator and the current collector, and the limiting structure is used to limit the current collector from detaching from the current collector along the width direction. the insulator.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the current collecting member shown in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is an exploded view of the current collecting member shown in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the current collecting member shown in Fig. 3 and the two output poles;
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the current collector and the insulator shown in Fig. 4;
  • Figure 8 is an exploded view of the current collector and insulator shown in Figure 4.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the current collector and the insulator provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the current collector and the insulator provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the current collector and the insulator provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a top view of the current collecting member shown in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the current collector shown in Fig. 12;
  • Fig. 14 is a flow chart of the manufacturing method of the current collecting member provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic block diagram of manufacturing equipment for a current collecting member provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Icons 10-box; 11-first part; 12-second part; 20-battery unit; 21-shell; 22-electrode assembly; 221-tab; 23-end cover; 231-electrode terminal; 24 - current collecting member; 241 - current collector; 2411 - welding area; 2411a - abutment surface; 242 - insulator; 2421 - second through hole; 2422 - limit groove; 2422a - groove side wall; 243 - limit structure; 2431-limiting part; 2432-recess; 100-battery; 200-controller; 300-motor; 1000-vehicle; 2000-manufacturing equipment; 2100-first providing device; 2200-second providing device; ; X-width direction; Y-extension direction; Z-thickness direction.
  • connection In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection” and “attachment” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.
  • the same reference numerals represent the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the various components in the embodiments of the application shown in the drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length and width of the integrated device, are for illustrative purposes only, and should not constitute any limitation to the application .
  • “Plurality” in this application refers to two or more (including two).
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the like.
  • Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly is composed of a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator.
  • a battery cell works primarily by moving metal ions between the positive and negative pole pieces.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode collector without the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer. Fluid, the positive electrode current collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer is used as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode collector without the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer. Fluid, the negative electrode current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive pole tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative pole tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film may be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene).
  • the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a laminated structure, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell has two output poles with opposite polarities, and the two output poles are respectively electrically connected to the positive tab and the negative tab of the electrode assembly to output the electric energy of the battery cell.
  • the two output poles are located at opposite ends of the battery cell.
  • both output stages can be electrode terminals; or one output pole is an electrode terminal, and the other output pole is an end cover or a shell.
  • a current collecting member is generally arranged in the battery cell, and the output pole and the tab are connected together through the current collecting member. Since the two output poles of the battery cell are respectively located at both ends of the battery cell, and the two current collecting members connected to the two output poles are respectively located at both ends of the electrode assembly, the two current collecting members occupy a large space inside the housing. The space affects the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the two output poles of the battery cell can be arranged at the same end of the battery cell, so that the two current collecting members are located on the same side of the electrode assembly. Space for installing current collecting components is reserved on the side, which can improve the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the inventors have found that, in such a battery cell, since the two current collecting members are located on the same side of the electrode assembly, the two current collecting members are likely to be overlapped together due to the vibration or collision of the battery cell, resulting in damage inside the battery cell. Short circuit, causing the battery cell to catch fire, explode, etc., and the safety of the battery cell is poor.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a current collecting member, by setting the current collecting member as an insulator and two current collectors, the insulator is arranged between the two current collectors, and a limiting structure is provided between the insulator and the current collectors , so as to restrict the current collector from detaching from the insulator along the width direction of the current collecting member.
  • the two current collectors are connected by an insulator, and the two current collectors are insulated and isolated by the insulator.
  • the limiting structure restricts the current collecting member from detaching from the insulator along the width direction of the current collecting member, so that the two current collectors are not easy to detach.
  • the insulator reduces the risk of the two current collectors 241 overlapping each other and causing a short circuit inside the battery cell, and improves the safety of the battery cell.
  • the current collecting member described in the embodiments of the present application is suitable for battery cells, batteries, and electrical equipment using batteries.
  • Electrical devices can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles;
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.;
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.;
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, electric planers, and more.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not impose special limitations on the above electric equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • a battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300 , the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and running the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 instead of or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a battery 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a box body 10 and a battery cell 20 .
  • the box body 10 is used to accommodate the battery cell 20 .
  • the box body 10 is a component for accommodating the battery cell 20 , and the box body 10 provides an accommodation space for the battery cell 20 , and the box body 10 may adopt various structures.
  • the box body 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12 , and the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other to define an accommodating space for accommodating the battery cells 20 .
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be in various shapes, such as cuboid, cylinder and so on.
  • the first part 11 can be a hollow structure with one side open, and the second part 12 can also be a hollow structure with one side open.
  • the open side of the second part 12 is covered with the open side of the first part 11 to form a box with accommodating space.
  • first part 11 is a hollow structure with one side open
  • second part 12 is a plate-like structure
  • the second part 12 covers the open side of the first part 11 to form a box body 10 with a receiving space.
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be sealed by a sealing element, and the sealing element can be a sealing ring, a sealant, or the like.
  • the battery 100 there may be one or a plurality of battery cells 20 . If there are multiple battery cells 20 , the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel.
  • the mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 20 are both in series and in parallel.
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series or in parallel or mixed to form a battery module, and then a plurality of battery modules may be connected in series or in parallel or mixed to form a whole and accommodated in the box 10 . It is also possible that all the battery cells 20 are directly connected in series, parallel or mixed together, and then all the battery cells 20 are housed in the case 10 as a whole.
  • the battery 100 may further include a confluence component, through which the plurality of battery cells 20 may be electrically connected, so as to realize series connection, parallel connection or mixed connection of the plurality of battery cells 20 .
  • the bus component may be a metal conductor, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and the like.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell 20 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 includes a casing 21 , an electrode assembly 22 , an end cap 23 and a current collecting member 24 .
  • the casing 21 is a component for accommodating the electrode assembly 22, and the casing 21 may be a hollow structure with an opening formed at one end.
  • the housing 21 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, cuboid and so on.
  • the housing 21 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, and the like.
  • the electrode assembly 22 is a part where electrochemical reactions occur in the battery cell 20 .
  • the electrode assembly 22 has two tabs 221, the polarities of the two tabs 221 are opposite, that is, one tab 221 is a positive tab, and the other tab 221 is a negative tab, and the two tabs 221 can be formed on the electrode assembly. 22 on the same end.
  • the end cap 23 is a component that covers the opening of the casing 21 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment.
  • the end cap 23 covers the opening of the housing 21, and the end cap 23 and the housing 21 jointly define a sealed space for accommodating the electrode assembly 22, electrolyte and other components.
  • the end cap 23 and the housing 21 can be realized by a seal. Sealed connection.
  • the shape of the end cap 23 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 21.
  • the housing 21 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure
  • the end cap 23 is a rectangular plate-shaped structure compatible with the housing 21.
  • the housing 21 is a cylinder.
  • the body structure, the end cover 23 is a circular plate-shaped structure suitable for the housing 21.
  • the material of the end cap 23 can also be various, for example, copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy and the like.
  • Electrode terminals 231 may be provided on the end cap 23 , and the electrode terminals 231 are used for electrical connection with the electrode assembly 22 to output electric energy of the battery cells 20 .
  • the two electrode terminals 231 can be respectively a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal.
  • the tabs 221 are electrically connected so that the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal serve as two opposite output poles of the battery cell 20 .
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 are electrically connected through a confluence component to realize a plurality of battery cells 20 in series or in parallel or in parallel.
  • Two battery cells 20 are connected in series, and the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal on the end cover 23 are two output poles of the battery cell 20 respectively.
  • the negative electrode terminal of the battery cell 20 is connected.
  • the current collecting member 24 is a part that connects the electrode assembly 22 and two output poles of the battery cell 20 .
  • the end cover 23 and the electrode terminal 231 are the two output poles of the battery cell 20
  • one tab 221 of the electrode assembly 22 the other tab 221 of the electrode assembly 22 and the electrode terminal 231 of the end cover 23 are both connected via the same current collecting member 24 .
  • the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal are the two output poles of the battery cell 20
  • one tab 221 of the electrode assembly 22 and the positive electrode terminal and the other tab 221 and the negative electrode terminal pass through the current collecting member 24 connections.
  • Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the current collecting member 24 shown in Fig. 3
  • Fig. 5 is the explosion diagram of the current collecting member 24 shown in Fig. 3
  • Fig. 6 is the current collecting member shown in Fig. 3
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a current collecting member 24 for the battery cell 20.
  • the battery cell 20 has two output poles with opposite polarities for outputting electric energy.
  • the current collecting member 24 includes an insulator 242 , a limiting structure 243 and two current collectors 241 . Arranged oppositely along the width direction X of the current collecting member 24 , the two current collectors 241 are used to respectively connect two output poles.
  • the insulator 242 is used to connect the two current collectors 241 . Along the width direction X, the insulator 242 is at least partially located between the two current collectors 241 to insulate the two current collectors 241 .
  • the limiting structure 243 is used to limit the current collector 241 from detaching from the insulator 242 along the width direction X.
  • the current collector 241 is the conductive part of the current collector 24 , and the current collector 241 can be a sheet metal conductor, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and the like.
  • the two current collectors 241 are respectively connected to the two output poles, and the current collectors 241 can be welded with the output poles.
  • the two current collectors 241 are also respectively connected to the two tabs 221 of the electrode assembly 22 , and the current collectors 241 can be welded to the tabs 221 .
  • a current collector 241 in the current collecting member 24 is connected to the end cap 23 and a tab 221 of the electrode assembly 22, and the current collecting member
  • Another current collector 241 in 24 connects the electrode terminal 231 and another tab 221 of the electrode assembly 22 . As shown in FIG.
  • one current collector 241 in the current collecting member 24 connects one electrode terminal 231 and one tab of the electrode assembly 22 221
  • another current collector 241 in the current collection member 24 is connected to another electrode terminal 231 and another tab 221 of the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the current collector 241 has a welding area 2411 for welding with the tab 221, the welding area 2411 has an abutment surface 2411a for abutting against the tab 221, and the insulator 242 does not Beyond the abutment surface 2411a. This avoids the situation that the insulator 242 interferes with the tab 221 when the current collector 241 is welded to the tab 221 , so that the abutting surface 2411 a cannot abut against the tab 221 .
  • the current collector 241 is formed with a protruding portion at the welding area 2411 , and the surface of the protruding portion forms an abutment surface 2411a.
  • the protrusion may be a V-shaped structure.
  • the insulator 242 is an insulating part of the current collecting member 24, and the insulator 242 plays an insulating role between the two current collectors 241, so that there is a distance between the two current collectors 241 in the width direction X of the current collecting member 24, so that the two current collectors Fluid 241 is insulated.
  • the insulator 242 is an insulating material, such as plastic, rubber, and the like.
  • the insulator 242 is provided with a second through hole 2421 , and the second through hole 2421 is used to be arranged opposite to the central hole of the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the limit structure 243 acts as a limit on the current collector 241 to limit the current collector 241 from the insulator 242 along the width direction X.
  • the limit structure 243 can be in various structural forms, as long as it can limit the current collector 241 from the insulator along the width direction X 242 is enough.
  • the current collecting member 24 can be an unfolded flat structure.
  • the current collecting member 24 is basically flat. If the current collecting member 24 is a circular disc structure, the collecting The radial direction of the current collecting member 24 can be understood as the width direction X of the current collecting member 24; the current collecting member 24 can also be a bent folded structure. Bending into multiple layers, the width direction X of the current collecting member 24 is perpendicular to the length direction of the current collecting member 24 after being unfolded.
  • the two current collectors 241 are connected by the insulator 242, the two current collectors 241 are insulated and isolated by the insulator 242, and the current collecting member 24 is restricted from the insulator 242 along the width direction X of the current collecting member 24 by the limiting structure 243 , making it difficult for the two current collectors 241 to separate from the insulator 242 , reducing the risk of the two current collectors 241 overlapping each other and causing an internal short circuit of the battery cell 20 , and improving the safety of the battery cell 20 .
  • the two current collectors 241 are connected by the insulator 242, under the restriction of the limiting structure 243, the two current collectors 241 are not easy to break away from the insulator 242, so that the entire current collector 24 has a good integrity and is easy to install. During the process, the current collector 241 and the insulator 242 are not easily detached, which improves the assembly efficiency of the battery cell 20 .
  • FIG. 7 and FIG. 8. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the current collector 241 and the insulator 242 shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the current collector 241 and the insulator 242 shown in FIG.
  • the positioning structure 243 includes a limiting portion 2431 and a concave portion 2432 , one of the limiting portion 2431 and the concave portion 2432 is disposed on the current collector 241 , and the other is disposed on the insulator 242 .
  • the limiting portion 2431 is used for plugging and fitting with the recessed portion 2432 to limit the current collector 241 from detaching from the insulator 242 along the width direction X.
  • the concave part 2432 can be a hole set on the current collector 241, and the concave part 2432 can be a blind hole set on the current collector 241, or it can be A first through hole penetrating through the surface of the current collector 241 in the thickness direction Z.
  • the recess 2432 may be a circle, a square hole, or the like.
  • the limiting portion 2431 is a cylindrical structure matching the concave portion 2432 , and if the concave portion 2432 is a square hole, the limiting portion 2431 is a quadrangular column structure matching the concave portion 2432 .
  • the current collector 241 is restricted from detaching from the insulator 242 along the width direction X of the current collecting member 24 by plugging and fitting the limiting part 2431 and the concave part 2432. The firmness after the insulator 242 is connected.
  • the insulator 242 is provided with a limiting groove 2422, and along the width direction X, one end of the current collector 241 is snapped into the limiting groove 2422 to limit the current collector 241 along the direction of the collector.
  • the thickness direction Z of the flow member 24 moves relative to the insulator 242 .
  • both ends of the insulator in the width direction X are provided with limiting grooves 2422 , and a current collector 241 is correspondingly locked in the limiting grooves 2422 .
  • the notch of the limiting groove 2422 is located on the end surface of the current collector 241 in the width direction X.
  • one end of the current collecting member 24 is snapped into the limiting groove 2422 of the insulator 242, and the limiting groove 2422 plays a role of limiting the current collecting member 24, so as to limit the movement of the current collecting member 241 along the current collecting member 24.
  • the thickness direction Z moves relative to the insulator 242 , so that the current collector 241 is not easily detached from the insulator 242 along the width direction X and the thickness direction Z of the current collecting member 24 .
  • the thickness of the part of the current collecting member 24 located in the limiting groove 2422 is smaller than the thickness of the insulator 242, so that the insulator 242 is separated between the two current collectors. 241 for better insulation effect.
  • the limiting structure 243 includes a concave portion 2432 and a limiting portion 2431 .
  • the concave portion 2432 is disposed on the current collector 241 .
  • the limiting portion 2431 is disposed on the insulator 242 , and the limiting portion 2431 is at least partly located in the limiting groove 2422 and fitted with the concave portion 2432 so as to limit the current collector 241 from detaching from the insulator 242 along the width direction X.
  • the limiting portion 2431 and the insulator 242 may be integrally formed.
  • the recess 2432 can be a hole provided on the current collector 241 , and the recess 2432 can be a blind hole provided on the current collector 241 , or a through hole penetrating the surface of the current collector 241 in the thickness direction Z.
  • the limiting part 2431 on the insulator 242 is inserted into the concave part 2432 of the current collector 241, and one end of the current collecting member 24 is snapped into the limiting groove 2422 of the insulator 242, so that the current collector 241 is along the width direction of the current collecting member 24 Neither the X nor the thickness direction Z is easy to separate from the insulator 242 .
  • the concave portion 2432 is a first through hole penetrating through the surface of the current collector 241 in the thickness direction Z.
  • the concave portion 2432 is a through-hole structure, and the concave portion 2432 runs through two opposite surfaces of the current collector 241 in the thickness direction Z.
  • the first through hole on the current collector 241 is a circular hole.
  • the concave portion 2432 is a through-hole structure, which is easy to process.
  • the concave portion 2432 can provide more accommodation space for the limiting portion 2431.
  • the limiting structure 243 can limit the current collector 241 to further improve the firmness after the current collector 241 is connected to the insulator 242 .
  • the limiting groove 2422 includes two groove sidewalls 2422a, and the two groove sidewalls 2422a are disposed opposite to each other along the thickness direction Z, and the two ends of the limiting part 2431 are respectively fixed to the two groove sidewalls 2422a.
  • the groove side wall 2422a is the groove wall of the limiting groove 2422 arranged in the thickness direction Z of the current collecting member 24, and the groove side wall 2422a may be a plane.
  • the two ends of the limiting portion 2431 are respectively fixed to the two groove side walls 2422a of the limiting groove 2422, so as to enhance the connection strength between the limiting portion 2431 and the insulator 242, and reduce the risk of breaking the limiting portion 2431 and the insulator 242. , resulting in the risk of the collector 241 detaching from the limiting groove 2422 .
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the current collector 241 and the insulator 242 provided by other embodiments of the present application. It may be that one end of the limiting part 2431 is fixed to a groove side wall of the limiting groove 2422 2422a, the other end of the limiting portion 2431 is provided with a gap with the other groove sidewall 2422a of the limiting groove 2422 .
  • the limiting part 2431 has elastic deformation ability. When the current collector 241 is stuck into the limiting groove 2422, the limiting part 2431 is elastically deformed. into the recess 2432.
  • the current collector 241 and the insulator 242 may also have other arrangements.
  • the insulator 241 and the insulator 242 can be stacked.
  • the limiting portion 2431 is a convex portion protruding from the surface of the insulator, and the convex portion cooperates with the concave portion 2432 .
  • the recess 2432 is recessed along the thickness direction Z of the current collecting member 24 . That is, the depth direction of the concave portion 2432 coincides with the thickness direction Z of the current collecting member 24 .
  • the axial direction of the first through hole is the thickness direction Z of the current collecting member 24 .
  • the recess 2432 is recessed along the thickness direction Z of the current collecting member 24 , so that the limiting portion 2431 also extends along the thickness direction Z of the current collecting member 24 , and the limiting portion 2431 cooperates with the recess 2432 to limit the width of the current collector 241 along the current collecting member 24
  • the direction X is away from the insulator 242 , the structure is simple, and the difficulty of forming the concave portion 2432 and the limiting portion 2431 is reduced.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of connection between the current collector 241 and the insulator 242 provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • the recess 2432 may also extend along the width direction X of the current collecting member 24 .
  • the concave portion 2432 is provided on the tapered groove at one end of the insulator 242 in the width direction X of the current collecting member 24
  • the stopper 2431 is provided at one end of the current collector 241 in the width direction X of the current collecting member 24 .
  • the cone, the cone cooperates with the tapered groove to restrict the current collector 241 from detaching from the insulator 242 along the width direction X of the current collector member 24 .
  • FIG. 12 is a top view of the current collecting member 24 shown in FIG. Limiting structure 243.
  • the length direction of the current collecting member 24 is the extending direction Y of the current collecting member 24 .
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of the current collector 241 shown in FIG.
  • the firmness of the connection between the current collector 241 and the insulator 242 can be further improved, so that the current collector 241 is less likely to be detached from the insulator 242 .
  • the current collecting member 24 includes a plurality of insulators 242 , and the plurality of insulators 242 are arranged at intervals along the extending direction Y of the current collecting member 24 .
  • the current collector 241 is configured to be bendable in a gap region between two adjacent insulators 242 .
  • a plurality of insulators 242 are arranged at intervals along the extending direction Y of the current collecting member 24 , that is, there is a gap between every two adjacent insulators 242 in the extending direction Y of the current collecting member 24 .
  • the second through hole 2421 may be provided on one insulator 242, for example, after the current collecting member 24 is bent, an insulator 242 closest to the electrode assembly 22 is provided with a Second through holes 2421 ; multiple insulators 242 may also be provided with second through holes 2421 , and after the current collecting member 24 is bent, the second through holes 2421 of every two adjacent insulators 242 are opposite to each other.
  • a plurality of insulators 242 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction Y of the current collecting member 24, so that the current collector 241 is easier to bend in the gap region between two adjacent insulators 242, so that the current collecting member 24 is bent into a folded structure, so as to reduce the space occupied by the current collecting member 24 inside the battery cell 20 .
  • the insulator 242 is an injection molded part between the two current collectors 241 .
  • the limiting structure 243 includes a limiting portion 2431 and a concave portion 2432
  • the concave portion 2432 disposed on the current collector 241 as an example, after the insulator 242 is injection molded, the insulator 242 naturally forms a limiting portion 2431 accommodated in the concave portion 2432 .
  • the insulator 242 is an injection molded part, and its molding is simple. The molded insulator 242 and the current collector 241 are adhered together, which can improve the firmness of the connection between the current collector 241 and the insulator 242 .
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell 20 , which includes an electrode assembly 22 , two output poles, and the current collecting member 24 provided in any one of the above embodiments.
  • the electrode assembly 22 has two tabs 221 , and the polarities of the two tabs 221 are opposite. The polarities of the two output poles are opposite, and the two output poles are used to output the electric energy of the battery cell 20 .
  • One current collector 241 is used to connect one tab 221 and one output pole, and the other current collector 241 is used to connect another tab 221 to another output pole.
  • two tabs 221 are formed at the same end of the electrode assembly 22 .
  • two tabs 221 are formed at one end of the electrode assembly 22 facing the end cap 23 .
  • the two tabs 221 located at the same end of the electrode assembly 22 can be respectively connected to the two current collectors 241 of the current collecting member 24, so that the tabs 221 can be output on the same side, reducing the space occupied by the tabs 221, which is conducive to improving the battery cell 20. energy density.
  • the current collector 241 has a welding area 2411 for welding with the tab 221 , the welding area 2411 has an abutting surface 2411 a for abutting against the tab 221 , and the insulator 242 does not protrude beyond the abutting surface 2411 a.
  • the current collector 241 is formed with a protrusion at the welding area 2411, and the surface of the protrusion forms an abutment surface 2411a.
  • the protruding portion may be a V-shaped structure to increase the welding range between the current collector 241 and the tab 221 .
  • the insulator 242 does not exceed the abutment surface 2411a where the current collector 241 and the tab 221 are welded, it is avoided that the insulator 242 interferes with the tab 221 when the current collector 241 is welded to the tab 221, so that the abutment surface 2411a cannot be against the tab. 221 case.
  • the electrode assembly 22 has a central hole, and the insulator 242 is provided with a second through hole 2421 , and the second through hole 2421 is disposed opposite to the central hole.
  • a central hole is formed at the center of the electrode assembly 22 when wound.
  • the second through hole 2421 on the insulator 242 is arranged opposite to the central hole of the electrode assembly 22 , so that the accurate installation of the current collecting member 24 can be realized.
  • the current collector 241 and the tab 221 can be connected, such as by welding.
  • the second through hole 2421 on the insulator 242 can also be used as a pressure relief channel, so that the battery cell 20 is less likely to be hindered by the current collecting member 24 when discharging the discharge.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a battery 100 , including a box body 10 and a battery cell 20 provided in any one of the above embodiments, and the box body 10 is used to accommodate the battery cell 20 .
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an electric device, including the battery 100 provided in any one of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a cylindrical battery, including a casing 21 , an electrode assembly 22 , an end cap 23 , a positive electrode terminal, a negative electrode terminal and a current collecting member 24 .
  • the electrode assembly 22 is accommodated in the casing 21 , and one end of the electrode assembly 22 forms a positive electrode tab and a negative electrode tab.
  • the end cap 23 covers the opening at one end of the housing 21 . Both the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal are arranged on the end cap 23, and form two opposite output poles of the cylindrical battery respectively.
  • the current collecting member 24 is located in the casing 21 and on the side of the electrode assembly 22 facing the end cover 23, and the positive electrode lug and the positive electrode terminal and between the negative electrode lug and the negative electrode terminal are connected through the same current collecting member 24 .
  • the current collecting member 24 includes an insulator 242 , a limiting structure 243 and two current collectors 241 .
  • one current collector 241 is used for connecting the positive electrode tab and the positive electrode terminal, and the other current collector 241 is used for connecting the negative electrode tab and the negative electrode terminal.
  • the insulator 242 is used to connect the two current collectors 241 .
  • the insulator 242 is at least partially located between the two current collectors 241 to insulate the two current collectors 241 .
  • the limiting structure 243 is used to limit the current collector 241 from detaching from the insulator 242 along the width direction X.
  • the tab 221 on the same side is realized by the current collecting member 24, and only a space for installing the current collecting member 24 needs to be reserved on one side of the electrode assembly 22 in the casing 21, and the casing 21 can be used for the electrode assembly.
  • the assembly 22 provides more space, which is beneficial to improve the energy density of the battery cell 20 .
  • the two current collectors 241 are connected by an insulator 242, and the two current collectors 241 are insulated and isolated by the insulator 242, and the current collecting member 24 is restricted from the insulator 242 along the width direction X of the current collecting member 24 by the limiting structure 243.
  • FIG. 14 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a current-collecting member 24 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a current-collecting member 24, including:
  • S300 Connect the insulator 242 to the two current collectors 241, so that the two current collectors 241 are arranged oppositely along the width direction X of the current collector member 24, and the insulator 242 is at least partially located between the two current collectors 241 in the width direction X, In order to insulate and isolate the two current collectors 241 .
  • a limiting structure 243 is formed between the insulator 242 and the current collector 241 , and the limiting structure 243 is used to limit the current collector 241 from detaching from the insulator 242 along the width direction X.
  • step S100 and step S200 are not limited. Step S200 can be executed first, and then step S100 is executed; or step S100 can be executed first, and then step S200 is executed.
  • step S300 includes: injection molding the insulator 242 between the two current collectors 241 , and forming the limiting structure 243 during the molding process of the insulator 242 .
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic block diagram of a manufacturing equipment 2000 for a current collecting member 24 provided by some embodiments of the present application. Embodiments of the present application also provide a manufacturing equipment 2000 for a current collecting member 24 . It includes a first providing device 2100 , a second providing device 2200 and an assembling device 2300 .
  • the first providing device is used to provide two current collectors 241 .
  • the second providing device is used to provide the insulator 242 .
  • the assembly device 2300 is used to connect the insulator 242 to the two current collectors 241, so that the two current collectors 241 are arranged oppositely along the width direction X of the current collector member 24, and the insulator 242 is at least partly positioned between the two current collectors in the width direction X. 241 to insulate the two current collectors 241.
  • a limiting structure 243 is formed between the insulator 242 and the current collector 241 , and the limiting structure 243 is used to limit the current collector 241 from detaching from the insulator 242 along the width direction X.

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  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
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  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
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Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种集流构件、电池单体、电池及用电设备，属于电池技术领域。电池单体具有用于输出电能且极性相反的两个输出极。集流构件包括两个集流体、绝缘体和限位结构。沿集流构件的宽度方向相对布置，两个集流体用于分别连接两个输出极。绝缘体用于连接两个集流体，沿宽度方向，绝缘体至少部分位于两个集流体之间，以将两个集流体绝缘隔离。限位结构用于限制集流体沿宽度方向脱离绝缘体。集流构件中的两个集流体通过绝缘体连接，两个集流体由绝缘体绝缘隔离，通过限位结构限制集流构件沿集流构件的宽度方向脱离绝缘体，使得两个集流体不易脱离绝缘体，降低两个集流体彼此搭接，而造成电池单体内部短路的风险，提高电池单体的安全性。

Description

集流构件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种集流构件、电池单体、电池及用电设备。
背景技术
随着新能源技术的发展，电池的应用越来越广泛，例如手机、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、电动飞机、电动轮船、电动玩具汽车、电动玩具轮船、电动玩具飞机和电动工具等。
在电池单体中，既需要考虑电池单体性能，也需要考虑电池单体的安全性问题，若电池单体的安全性低，电池单体存在起火、爆炸等安全隐患。因此，如何提高电池单体的安全性是电池技术中一个亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种集流构件、电池单体、电池及用电设备，能够有效提高电池单体的安全性问题。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种集流构件，用于电池单体，电池单体具有用于输出电能且极性相反的两个输出极，所述集流构件包括：两个集流体，沿所述集流构件的宽度方向相对布置，两个所述集流体用于分别连接两个所述输出极；绝缘体，用于连接两个所述集流体，沿所述宽度方向，所述绝缘体至少部分位于两个所述集流体之间，以将两个所述集流体绝缘隔离；限位结构，用于限制所述集流体沿所述宽度方向脱离所述绝缘体。
上述技术方案中，两个集流体通过绝缘体连接，两个集流体由绝缘体绝缘隔离，通过限位结构限制集流构件沿集流构件的宽度方向脱离绝缘体，使得两个集流体不易脱离绝缘体，降低两个集流体彼此搭接，而造成电池单体内部短路的风险，提高电池单体的安全性。
在一些实施例中，所述限位结构包括限位部和凹部，所述限位部和所述凹部中的一者设置于所述集流体，另一者设置于所述绝缘体；所述限位部用于与所述凹部插接配合，以限制所述集流体沿所述宽度方向脱离所述绝缘体。
上述技术方案中，通过限位部和凹部插接配合，来限制集流体沿集流构件的宽度方向脱离绝缘体，结构简单，易于成型制造，能够有效提高集流体与绝缘体连接后的牢固性。
在一些实施例中，所述绝缘体设有限位槽，沿所述宽度方向，所述集流体上的一端卡接于所述限位槽内，以限制所述集流体沿所述集流构件的厚度方向相对所述绝缘体移动。
上述技术方案中，集流构件的一端卡接于绝缘体的限位槽内，限位槽对集流构件起到限位作用，以限制集流体沿集流构件的厚度方向相对绝缘体移动，使得集流体沿集流构件的宽度方向和厚度方向均不易脱离绝缘体。
在一些实施例中，所述限位结构包括：凹部，设置于所述集流体；限位部，设置于所述绝缘体，所述限位部至少部分位于所述限位槽内并与所述凹部插接配合，以限制所述集流体沿所述宽度方向脱离所述绝缘体。
上述技术方案中，通过绝缘体上的限位部插设于集流体的凹部，以及集流构件的一端卡接于绝缘体的限位槽内，使得集流体沿集流构件的宽度方向和厚度方向均不易脱离绝缘体。
在一些实施例中，所述凹部为贯穿所述集流体在所述厚度方向上的表面的第一通孔。
上述技术方案中，凹部为通孔结构，易于加工，凹部能够为限位部提供更多的容纳空间，限位部不易因集流体发生弹性变形从凹部中脱离，增强限位结构对集流体的限位能力，进一步提高集流体与绝缘体连接后的牢固性。
在一些实施例中，所述限位槽包括两个槽侧壁，沿所述厚度方向，两个所述槽侧壁相对设 置，所述限位部的两端分别固定于两个所述槽侧壁。
上述技术方案中，限位部的两端分别固定于限位槽的两个槽侧壁，增强限位部与绝缘体的连接强度，降低因限位部与绝缘体断裂，而造成集流体脱离限位槽的风险。
在一些实施例中，所述凹部沿所述集流构件的厚度方向凹陷。
上述技术方案中，凹部沿集流构件的厚度方向凹陷，使得限位部也沿集流构件的厚度方向延伸，限位部与凹部配合以限制集流体沿集流构件的宽度方向脱离绝缘体，结构简单，降低凹部和限位部的成型难度。
在一些实施例中，所述集流体与所述绝缘体之间设置有沿所述集流构件的延伸方向排布的多个限位结构。
上述技术方案中，通过在集流体与绝缘体之间设置多个限位结构，能够进一步提高集流体与绝缘体连接后的牢固性，使得集流体更不易脱离绝缘体。
在一些实施例中，所述集流构件包括多个所述绝缘体，沿所述集流构件的延伸方向，多个所述绝缘体间隔排布；所述集流体被配置为能够在相邻的两个所述绝缘体之间的间隙区域弯折。
上述技术方案中，多个绝缘体沿集流构件的延伸方向间隔排布，使得集流体在相邻的两个绝缘体之间的间隙区域更容易弯折，便于将集流构件弯折成折叠结构，以减小集流构件占用电池单体内部的空间。
在一些实施例中，所述绝缘体为注塑成型于两个所述集流体之间的注塑件。
上述技术方案中，绝缘体为注塑件，成型简单，成型后的绝缘体与集流体粘连在一起，能够提高集流体与绝缘体连接后的牢固性。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体，包括：电极组件，具有两个极耳，两个极耳的极性相反；两个输出极，两个所述输出极的极性相反，两个所述输出极用于输出电池单体的电能；以及第一方面任意一个实施例提供的集流构件，一个集流体用于连接一个极耳和一个输出极，另一个集流体用于连接另一个极耳和另一个输出极。
在一些实施例中，两个所述极耳形成于所述电极组件的同一端。
上述技术方案中，两个极耳形成于电极组件同一侧，便于与两个集流体连接，实现同侧出极耳，减少极耳占用的空间，有利于提高电池单体的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，所述集流体具有用于与所诉极耳焊接的焊接区，所述焊接区具有用于与所述极耳抵靠的抵靠面，所述绝缘体不超出所述抵靠面。
上述技术方案中，绝缘体不超出集流体与极耳焊接的抵靠面，避免集流体与极耳焊接时，绝缘体与极耳干涉，而造抵靠面无法抵靠于极耳的情况。
在一些实施例中，所述电极组件具有中心孔，所述绝缘体上设有第二通孔，所述第二通孔与所述中心孔相对设置。
上述技术方案中，绝缘体上的第二通孔与电极组件的中心孔相对设置，能够实现对集流构件的准确安装。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池，包括：第二方面任意一个实施例提供的电池单体；箱体，用于容纳所述电池单体。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种用电设备，包括第三方面任意一个实施例提供的电池。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种集流构件的制造方法，包括：提供两个集流体；提供绝缘体；将所述绝缘体连接于两个所述集流体，使得两个所述集流体沿所述集流构件的宽度方向相对布置，且所述绝缘体至少部分在所述宽度方向上位于两个所述集流体之间，以将两个所述集流体绝缘隔离；其中，所述绝缘体与所述集流体之间形成有限位结构，所述限位结构用于限制所述集流体沿所述宽度方向脱离所述绝缘体。
第六方面，本申请实施例还提供一种集流构件的制造设备，包括：第一提供设备，用于提供两个集流体；第二提供设备，用于提供绝缘体；组装装置，用于将所述绝缘体连接于两个所述集流体，使得两个所述集流体沿所述集流构件的宽度方向相对布置，且所述绝缘体至少部分在所述宽度方向上位于两个所述集流体之间，以将两个所述集流体绝缘隔离；其中，所述绝缘体与所述集流体之间形成有限位结构，所述限位结构用于限制所述集流体沿所述宽度方向脱离所述绝缘体。
附图说明
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的爆炸图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的爆炸图；
图4为图3所示的集流构件的结构示意图；
图5为图3所示的集流构件的爆炸图；
图6为图3所示的集流构件与两个输出极的连接示意图；
图7为图4所示的集流体与绝缘体的连接示意图；
图8为图4所示的集流体与绝缘体的爆炸图；
图9为本申请另一些实施例提供的集流体与绝缘体的连接示意图；
图10为本申请又一些实施例提供的集流体与绝缘体的连接示意图；
图11为本申请再一些实施例提供的集流体与绝缘体的连接示意图；
图12为图4所示的集流构件的俯视图；
图13为图12所示的集流体的结构示意图；
图14为本申请一些实施例提供的集流构件的制造方法的流程图；
图15为本申请一些实施例提供的集流构件的制造设备的示意性框图。
图标：10-箱体；11-第一部分；12-第二部分；20-电池单体；21-壳体；22-电极组件；221-极耳；23-端盖；231-电极端子；24-集流构件；241-集流体；2411-焊接区；2411a-抵靠面；242-绝缘体；2421-第二通孔；2422-限位槽；2422a-槽侧壁；243-限位结构；2431-限位部；2432-凹部；100-电池；200-控制器；300-马达；1000-车辆；2000-制造设备；2100-第一提供装置；2200-第二提供装置；2300-组装装置；X-宽度方向；Y-延伸方向；Z-厚度方向。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素，例如，能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数，另外，还需要考虑电池的安全性。
对于一般电池单体而言，电池单体具有极性相反的两个输出极，两个输出极分别与电极组件的正极极耳和负极极耳电连接，以输出电池单体的电能。两个输出极位于电池单体相对的两端，两个输出极中，可以是两个输出级均为电极端子；也可以是一个输出极为电极端子，另一个输出极为端盖或壳体。
为更好的实现输出极与极耳的电连接，一般会在电池单体中设置集流构件，通过集流构件将输出极与极耳连接在一起。由于电池单体的两个输出极分别位于电池单体的两端，与两个输出极相连的两个集流构件分别位于电极组件的两端，两个集流构件占用壳体内部较大的空间，影响电池单体的能量密度。
为提高电池单体的能量密度，可以将电池单体的两个输出极设置在电池单体的同一端，使得两个集流构件位于电极组件的同一侧，这样，只需要在电极组件的一侧预留安装集流构件的空间，能够提高电池单体的能量密度。但是，发明人发现，在这样的电池单体中，由于两个集流构件位于电极组件的同一侧，两个集流构件容易由于电池单体振动或碰撞搭接在一起，造成电池单体内部短路，造成电池单体起火、爆炸等，电池单体的安全性较差。
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种集流构件，通过将集流构件设置为绝缘体和两个集流体， 绝缘体设置于两个集流体之间，并在绝缘体和集流体之间设置限位结构，以限制限制集流体沿集流构件的宽度方向脱离绝缘体。
在这样的集流构件中，两个集流体通过绝缘体连接，两个集流体由绝缘体绝缘隔离，通过限位结构限制集流构件沿集流构件的宽度方向脱离绝缘体，使得两个集流体不易脱离绝缘体，降低两个集流体241彼此搭接，而造成电池单体内部短路的风险，提高电池单体的安全性。
本申请实施例描述的集流构件适用于电池单体、电池以及使用电池的用电设备。
用电设备可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电设备不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电设备为车辆为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图，车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。
车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的爆炸图，电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20，箱体10用于容纳电池单体20。
其中，箱体10是容纳电池单体20的部件，箱体10为电池单体20提供容纳空间，箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体10可以包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11与第二部分12相互盖合，以限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳空间。第一部分11和第二部分12可以是多种形状，比如，长方体、圆柱体等。第一部分11可以是一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分12也可以是一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分12的开放侧盖合于第一部分11的开放侧，则形成具有容纳空间的箱体10。也可以是第一部分11为一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分12为板状结构，第二部分12盖合于第一部分11的开放侧，则形成具有容纳空间的箱体10。第一部分11与第二部分12可以通过密封元件来实现密封，密封元件可以是密封圈、密封胶等。
在电池100中，电池单体20可以是一个、也可以是多个。若电池单体20为多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体10内。也可以是所有电池单体20之间直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将所有电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内。
在一些实施例中，电池100还可以包括汇流部件，多个电池单体20之间可通过汇流部件实现电连接，以实现多个电池单体20的串联或并联或混联。汇流部件可以是金属导体，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等。
请参照图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的爆炸图，电池单体20包括壳体21、电极组件22、端盖23和集流构件24。
壳体21是用于容纳电极组件22的部件，壳体21可以是一端形成开口的空心结构。壳体21可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。壳体21的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
电极组件22是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。电极组件22具有两个极耳221，两个极耳221的极性相反，即一个极耳221为正极极耳，另一个极耳221为负极极耳，两个极耳221可以形成于电极组件22的同一端。
端盖23是盖合于壳体21的开口以将电池单体20的内部环境与外部环境隔绝的部件。端盖23盖合于壳体21的开口，端盖23与壳体21共同限定出用于容纳电极组件22、电解液以及其他部件的密封空间，端盖23与壳体21可以通过密封件实现密封连接。端盖23的形状可以与壳体21的形状相适配，比如，壳体21为长方体结构，端盖23为与壳体21相适配的矩形板状结构，再如，壳体21为圆柱体结构，端盖23为与壳体21相适配的圆形板状结构。端盖23的材质也可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
端盖23上可以设置电极端子231，电极端子231用于与电极组件22电连接，以输出电池单体20的电能。端盖23上的电极端子231可以是一个，也可以是两个。若端盖23上的电极端子231为一个，端盖23和电极端子231分别与电极组件22的两个极耳221电连接，以使端盖23和电极端子231分别作为电池单体20极性相反的两个输出极。如图3所示，若端盖23上的电极端子231为两个，两个电极端子231可以分别为正极电极端子和负极电极端子，正极电极端子和负极电极端子分别与电极组件22的两个极耳221电连接，以使正极电极端子和负极电极端子分别作为电池单体20相反的两个输出极。
在电池100中多个电池单体20通过汇流部件实现电连接，以实现多个电池单体20的串联或并联或混联的实施例中，电池单体20的输出极用于与汇流部件连接。以两个电池单体20串联，且端盖23上的正极电极端子和负极电极端子分别为电池单体20的两个输出极为例，一个电池单体20的正极电极端子通过汇流部件与另一个电池单体20的负极电极端子连接。
集流构件24是连接电极组件22和电池单体20的两个输出极的部件。在端盖23和电极端子231为电池单体20的两个输出极的实施例中，电极组件22的一个极耳221与端盖23以及电极组件22的另一个极耳221与电极端子231均通过同一集流构件24连接。在正极电极端子和负极电极端子为电池单体20的两个输出极的实施例中，电极组件22的一个极耳221与正极电极端子以及另一个极耳221与负极电极端子均通过集流构件24连接。
以下结合附图对集流构件24的具体结构进行详细阐述。
请参照图4-图6，图4为图3所示的集流构件24的结构示意图，图5为图3所示的集流构件24的爆炸图，图6为图3所示的集流构件24与两个输出极的连接示意图，本申请实施例提供一种集流构件24，用于电池单体20，电池单体20具有用于输出电能且极性相反的两个输出极。集流构件24包括绝缘体242、限位结构243和两个集流体241。沿集流构件24的宽度方向X相对布置，两个集流体241用于分别连接两个输出极。绝缘体242用于连接两个集流体241，沿宽度方向X，绝缘体242至少部分位于两个集流体241之间，以将两个集流体241绝缘隔离。限位结构243用于限制集流体241沿宽度方向X脱离绝缘体242。
集流体241为集流构件24的导电部分，集流体241可是片状金属导体，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等。
两个集流体241分别连接两个输出极，集流体241可以与输出极焊接。两个集流体241还分别连接电极组件22的两个极耳221，集流体241可以与极耳221焊接。在端盖23和电极端子231作为电池单体20的两个输出极的实施例中，集流构件24中的一个集流体241连接端盖23和电极组件22的一个极耳221，集流构件24中的另一个集流体241连接电极端子231和电极组件22的另一个极耳221。如图6所示，在两个电极端子231作为电池单体20的两个输出极的实施例中，集流构件24中的一个集流体241连接一个电极端子231和电极组件22的一个极耳221，集流构件24中的另一个集流体241连接另一个电极端子231和电极组件22的另一个极耳221。
示例性的，请继续参照图4和图5，集流体241具有用于与极耳221焊接的焊接区2411，焊接区2411具有用于与极耳221抵靠的抵靠面2411a，绝缘体242不超出抵靠面2411a。以避免集流体241与极耳221焊接时，绝缘体242与极耳221干涉，而造抵靠面2411a无法抵靠于极耳221的情况。
集流体241在焊接区2411处形成有凸出部，凸出部的表面形成抵靠面2411a。凸出部可以是V形结构。
绝缘体242为集流构件24中绝缘部分，绝缘体242在两个集流体241之间起到绝缘作用，使得两个集流体241在集流构件24的宽度方向X上存在距离，以将两个集流体241绝缘隔离。绝缘体242为绝缘材质，比如，塑料、橡胶等。
示例性的，绝缘体242上设有第二通孔2421，第二通孔2421用于与电极组件22的中心孔相对设置。
限位结构243对集流体241起到限位作用，以限制集流体241沿宽度方向X脱离绝缘体242，限位结构243可以是多种结构形式，只要能够限制集流体241沿宽度方向X脱离绝缘体242即可。集流体241与绝缘体242之间的限位结构243可以是一个，也可以是多个。
集流构件24在安装于电池单体20内后，集流构件24可以是展开的平铺结构，比如，集流构件24基本呈平板状，若集流构件24为圆形盘状结构，集流构件24的径向可以理解为集流构件24的宽度方向X；集流构件24也可以是弯折的折叠结构，比如，集流构件24展开后为长条结构，可以将集流构件24弯折成多层，集流构件24的宽度方向X垂直于集流构件24展开后的长度方向。
在本申请实施例中，两个集流体241通过绝缘体242连接，两个集流体241由绝缘体242绝缘隔离，通过限位结构243限制集流构件24沿集流构件24的宽度方向X脱离绝缘体242，使得两个集流体241不易脱离绝缘体242，降低两个集流体241彼此搭接，而造成电池单体20内部短路的风险，提高电池单体20的安全性。
此外，由于两个集流体241通过绝缘体242连接，在限位结构243的限制作用下，两个集流体241不易脱离绝缘体242，使得整个集流构件24具有很好的整体性，便于安装，安装过程中集流体241和绝缘体242不易脱离，提高电池单体20的组装效率。
在一些实施例中，请参照图7和图8，7为图4所示的集流体241与绝缘体242的连接示意图，图8为图4所示的集流体241与绝缘体242的爆炸图，限位结构243包括限位部2431和凹部2432，限位部2431和凹部2432中的一者设置于集流体241，另一者设置于绝缘体242。限位部2431用于与凹部2432插接配合，以限制集流体241沿宽度方向X脱离绝缘体242。
以限位部2431设置于绝缘体242，凹部2432设置于集流体241为例，凹部2432可以是设置于集流体241上的孔部，凹部2432可以是设置于集流体241的盲孔，也可以是贯穿集流体241的厚度方向Z上的表面的第一通孔。凹部2432可以是圆形、方形孔等。可理解的，若凹部2432为圆形孔，限位部2431则为与凹部2432配合的圆柱体结构，若凹部2432为方形孔，限位部2431则为与凹部2432配合的四棱柱结构。
在本实施例中，通过限位部2431和凹部2432插接配合，来限制集流体241沿集流构件24的宽度方向X脱离绝缘体242，结构简单，易于成型制造，能够有效提高集流体241与绝缘体242连接后的牢固性。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图7和图8，绝缘体242设有限位槽2422，沿宽度方向X，集流体241上的一端卡接于限位槽2422内，以限制集流体241沿集流构件24的厚度方向Z相对绝缘体242移动。
可理解的，绝缘件在宽度方向X上的两端均设有限位槽2422，一个集流体241对应卡于以限位槽2422内。限位槽2422的槽口位于集流体241在宽度方向X上的端面上。
在本实施例中，集流构件24的一端卡接于绝缘体242的限位槽2422内，限位槽2422对集流构件24起到限位作用，以限制集流体241沿集流构件24的厚度方向Z相对绝缘体242移动，使得集流体241沿集流构件24的宽度方向X和厚度方向Z均不易脱离绝缘体242。此外，由于集流构件24的端部卡接于绝缘体242的限位槽2422内，集流构件24位于限位槽2422内的部分的厚度小于绝缘体242的厚度，使得绝缘体242在两个集流体241之间起到更好的绝缘效果。
在一些实施例中，限位结构243包括凹部2432和限位部2431。凹部2432设置于集流体241。限位部2431设置于绝缘体242，限位部2431至少部分位于限位槽2422内并与凹部2432插接配合，以限制集流体241沿宽度方向X脱离绝缘体242。
限位部2431与绝缘体242可以是一体成型结构。凹部2432可以是设置于集流体241上的孔部，凹部2432可以是设置于集流体241的盲孔，也可以是贯穿集流体241的厚度方向Z上的表面的通孔。
通过绝缘体242上的限位部2431插设于集流体241的凹部2432，以及集流构件24的一端卡接于绝缘体242的限位槽2422内，使得集流体241沿集流构件24的宽度方向X和厚度方向Z均不易脱离绝缘体242。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图7和图8，凹部2432为贯穿集流体241在厚度方向Z上的表面的第一通孔。
凹部2432为通孔结构，凹部2432贯穿集流体241在厚度方向Z上相对的两个表面。
示例性的，集流体241上的第一通孔为圆形孔。
在本实施例中，凹部2432为通孔结构，易于加工，凹部2432能够为限位部2431提供更多的容纳空间，限位部2431不易因集流体241发生弹性变形从凹部2432中脱离，增强限位结构243对集流体241的限位能力，进一步提高集流体241与绝缘体242连接后的牢固性。
在一些实施例中，限位槽2422包括两个槽侧壁2422a，沿厚度方向Z，两个槽侧壁2422a相对设置，限位部2431的两端分别固定于两个槽侧壁2422a。
槽侧壁2422a为限位槽2422在集流构件24的厚度方向Z排布的槽壁，槽侧壁2422a可以是平面。
在本实施例中，限位部2431的两端分别固定于限位槽2422的两个槽侧壁2422a，增强限位部2431与绝缘体242的连接强度，降低因限位部2431与绝缘体242断裂，而造成集流体241脱离限位槽2422的风险。
在其他实施例，请参照图9，图9为本申请另一些实施例提供的集流体241与绝缘体242的连接示意图，可以是限位部2431的一端固定于限位槽2422的一个槽侧壁2422a，限位部2431的另一端与限位槽2422的另一个槽侧壁2422a间隙设置。限位部2431具有弹性变形能力，在集流体241卡入限位槽2422的过程中，限位部2431发生弹性变形，待限位部2431与凹部2432对齐后，限位部2431恢复变形并卡入凹部2432内。
在其他实施例中，集流体241与绝缘体242也可以有其他的布置形式，比如，请参照图10，图10为本申请又一些实施例提供的集流体241与绝缘体242的连接示意图，集流体241与绝缘体242可以层叠设置，限位部2431为凸设于绝缘件的表面的凸部，凸部与凹部2432配合。
在一些实施例中，请参照图7-图10，凹部2432沿集流构件24的厚度方向Z凹陷。也就是说，凹部2432的深度方向与集流构件24的厚度方向Z一致。
以凹部2432为设置于集流构件24上的第一通孔为例，第一通孔的轴线方向即为集流构件24的厚度方向Z。
凹部2432沿集流构件24的厚度方向Z凹陷，使得限位部2431也沿集流构件24的厚度方向Z延伸，限位部2431与凹部2432配合以限制集流体241沿集流构件24的宽度方向X脱离绝缘体242，结构简单，降低凹部2432和限位部2431的成型难度。
在另一些实施例中，请参照图11，图11为本申请再一些实施例提供的集流体241与绝缘体242的连接示意图，凹部2432也可以沿集流构件24的宽度方向X延伸。
示例性的，凹部2432设置于绝缘体242在集流构件24的宽度方向X上的一端的锥形槽，限位部2431为设置于集流体241在集流构件24的宽度方向X上的一端的锥形体，锥形体与锥形槽配合，以限制集流体241沿集流构件24的宽度方向X脱离绝缘体242。
在一些实施例中，请参照图12，图12为图4所示的集流构件24的俯视图，集流体241与绝缘体242之间设置有沿集流构件24的延伸方向Y排布的多个限位结构243。
集流构件24在展开后，集流构件24的长度方向即为集流构件24的延伸方向Y。
请参照图13，图13为图12所示的集流体241的结构示意图，以限位结构243中的凹部2432为设置于集流体241上的第一通孔为例，由于限位结构243为多个，集流体241上的第一通孔则为多个，多个第一通孔沿集流构件24的延伸方向Y间隔排布。
在本实施例中，通过在集流体241与绝缘体242之间设置多个限位结构243，能够进一步提高集流体241与绝缘体242连接后的牢固性，使得集流体241更不易脱离绝缘体242。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图12，集流构件24包括多个绝缘体242，沿集流构件24的延伸方向Y，多个绝缘体242间隔排布。集流体241被配置为能够在相邻的两个绝缘体242之间的间隙区域弯折。
多个绝缘体242沿集流构件24的延伸方向Y间隔排布，即在集流构件24的延伸方向Y上，每相邻的两个绝缘体242之间存在间隙。
在绝缘体242上设置有第二通孔2421的实施例中，可以是一个绝缘体242设置第二通孔2421，比如，在集流构件24弯折后，最靠近电极组件22的一个绝缘体242设置有第二通孔2421；也可以是多个绝缘体242设置有第二通孔2421，在集流构件24弯折后，每相邻的两个绝缘体242的第二通孔2421相对设置。
在本实施例中，多个绝缘体242沿集流构件24的延伸方向Y间隔排布，使得集流体241在相邻的两个绝缘体242之间的间隙区域更容易弯折，便于将集流构件24弯折成折叠结构，以减小集流构件24占用电池单体20内部的空间。
在其他实施例中，集流构件24中的绝缘体242也可以为一个，绝缘体242沿集流构件24的延伸方向Y连续布置于两个集流体241之间。
在一些实施例中，绝缘体242为注塑成型于两个集流体241之间的注塑件。
在限位结构243包括限位部2431和凹部2432的实施例中，以凹部2432设置于集流体241为例，在绝缘体242注塑成型后，绝缘体242上自然形成容纳于凹部2432内限位部2431。
绝缘体242为注塑件，成型简单，成型后的绝缘体242与集流体241粘连在一起，能够提高集流体241与绝缘体242连接后的牢固性。
本申请实施例提供一种电池单体20，其包括电极组件22、两个输出极以及上述任意一个实施例提供的集流构件24。电极组件22具有两个极耳221，两个极耳221的极性相反。两个输出极的极性相反，两个输出极用于输出电池单体20的电能。一个集流体241用于连接一个极耳221和一个输出极，另一个集流体241用于连接另一个极耳221和另一个输出极。
在一些实施例中，两个极耳221形成于电极组件22的同一端。
以两个输出极为设置于端盖23上的两个电极端子231为例，两个极耳221形成于电极组件22面向端盖23的一端。
位于电极组件22的同一端的两个极耳221能够分别与集流构件24的两个集流体241连接，实现同侧出极耳221，减少极耳221占用的空间，有利于提高电池单体20的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，集流体241具有用于与极耳221焊接的焊接区2411，焊接区2411具有用于与极耳221抵靠的抵靠面2411a，绝缘体242不超出抵靠面2411a。
示例性的，集流体241在焊接区2411处形成有凸出部，凸出部的表面形成抵靠面2411a。凸出部可以是V形结构，以增大集流体241与极耳221的焊接范围。
由于绝缘体242不超出集流体241与极耳221焊接的抵靠面2411a，避免集流体241与极耳221焊接时，绝缘体242与极耳221干涉，而造抵靠面2411a无法抵靠于极耳221的情况。
在一些实施例中，电极组件22具有中心孔，绝缘体242上设有第二通孔2421，第二通孔2421与中心孔相对设置。
以电极组件22为卷绕式结构为例，电极组件22的卷绕中心位置形成中心孔。
在本实施例中，绝缘体242上的第二通孔2421与电极组件22的中心孔相对设置，能够实现对集流构件24的准确安装。在安装过程中，待第二通孔2421与中心孔对准后，则可将集流体241与极耳221连接，比如焊接。此外，在电池单体20热失控时，绝缘体242上的第二通孔2421也可以作为泄压通道，使得电池单体20在向外排出排放物时不易受到集流构件24的阻碍。
本申请实施例提供一种电池100，包括箱体10和上述任意一个实施例提供的电池单体20，箱体10用于容纳电池单体20。
本申请实施例提供一种用电设备，包括上述任意一个实施例提供的电池100。
请参照图3和图4，本申请实施例提供一种圆柱电池，包括壳体21、电极组件22、端盖23、正极电极端子、负极电极端子和集流构件24。电极组件22容纳于壳体21内，电极组件22的一端形成正极极耳和负极极耳。端盖23盖合于壳体21一端的开口。正极电极端子和负极电极端子均设置于端盖23，并分别形成圆柱电池极性相反的两个输出极。集流构件24位于壳体21内，并位于电极组件22面向端盖23的一侧，正极极耳与正极电极端子之间以及负极极耳与负极电极端子之间均通过同一集流构件24连接。
其中，集流构件24包括绝缘体242、限位结构243和两个集流体241。沿集流构件24的宽度方向X相对布置，一个集流体241用于连接正极极耳和正极电极端子，另一个集流体241用于连接负极极耳和负极电极端子。绝缘体242用于连接两个集流体241，沿宽度方向X，绝缘体242至少部分位于两个集流体241之间，以将两个集流体241绝缘隔离。限位结构243用于限制集流体241沿宽度方向X脱离绝缘体242。
在这样的圆柱电池中，通过集流构件24实现同侧出极耳221，在壳体21内只需要在电极组件22的一侧预留安装集流构件24的空间，壳体21能够为电极组件22提供更多的空间，有利于提高电池单体20的能量密度。在集流构件24中，两个集流体241通过绝缘体242连接，两个集流体241由绝缘体242绝缘隔离，通过限位结构243限制集流构件24沿集流构件24的宽度方向X脱离绝缘体242，使得两个集流体241不易脱离绝缘体242，降低两个集流体241彼此搭接，而造成电池单体20内部短路的风险，提高电池单体20的安全性。
请参照图14，图14为本申请一些实施例提供的集流构件24的制造方法的流程图，本申请实施例提供一种集流构件24的制造方法，包括：
S100：提供两个集流体241；
S200：提供绝缘体242；
S300：将绝缘体242连接于两个集流体241，使得两个集流体241沿集流构件24的宽度方向X相对布置，且绝缘体242至少部分在宽度方向X上位于两个集流体241之间，以将两个集流体241绝缘隔离。
其中，绝缘体242与集流体241之间形成有限位结构243，限位结构243用于限制集流体241沿宽度方向X脱离绝缘体242。
在上述方法中，并不限制步骤S100和步骤S200。可以先执行步骤S200，再执行步骤S100；也可以先执行步骤S100，再执行步骤S200。
在一些实施例中，步骤S300包括：将绝缘体242注塑成型于两个集流体241之间，在绝缘体242成型过程中形成限位结构243。
以集流体241上设有凹部2432为例，在将绝缘体242注塑成型于两个集流体241之间后，在绝缘体242上自然形成容纳于凹部2432内限位部2431，从而形成限位部2431与凹部2432配合的限位结构243。
需要说明的是，通过上述各实施例提供的制造方法制造的集流构件24的相关结构，可参见前述各实施例提供的集流构件24，在此不再赘述。
此外，请参照图15，图15为本申请一些实施例提供的集流构件24的制造设备2000的示意性框图，本申请实施例还提供一种集流构件24的制造设备2000，制造设备2000包括第一提供装置2100、第二提供装置2200和组装装置2300。
第一提供设备用于提供两个集流体241。第二提供设备用于提供绝缘体242。组装装置2300，用于将绝缘体242连接于两个集流体241，使得两个集流体241沿集流构件24的宽度方向X相对布置，且绝缘体242至少部分在宽度方向X上位于两个集流体241之间，以将两个集流体241绝缘隔离。
其中，绝缘体242与集流体241之间形成有限位结构243，限位结构243用于限制集流体241沿宽度方向X脱离绝缘体242。
需要说明的是，通过上述实施例提供的制造设备2000制造的集流构件24的相关结构，可参见前述各实施例提供的集流构件24，在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种集流构件，用于电池单体，电池单体具有用于输出电能且极性相反的两个输出极，所述集流构件包括：
    两个集流体，沿所述集流构件的宽度方向相对布置，两个所述集流体用于分别连接两个所述输出极；
    绝缘体，用于连接两个所述集流体，沿所述宽度方向，所述绝缘体至少部分位于两个所述集流体之间，以将两个所述集流体绝缘隔离；
    限位结构，用于限制所述集流体沿所述宽度方向脱离所述绝缘体。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的集流构件，其中，所述限位结构包括限位部和凹部，所述限位部和所述凹部中的一者设置于所述集流体，另一者设置于所述绝缘体；
    所述限位部用于与所述凹部插接配合，以限制所述集流体沿所述宽度方向脱离所述绝缘体。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的集流构件，其中，所述绝缘体设有限位槽，沿所述宽度方向，所述集流体上的一端卡接于所述限位槽内，以限制所述集流体沿所述集流构件的厚度方向相对所述绝缘体移动。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的集流构件，其中，所述限位结构包括：
    凹部，设置于所述集流体；
    限位部，设置于所述绝缘体，所述限位部至少部分位于所述限位槽内并与所述凹部插接配合，以限制所述集流体沿所述宽度方向脱离所述绝缘体。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的集流构件，其中，所述凹部为贯穿所述集流体在所述厚度方向上的表面的第一通孔。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的集流构件，其中，所述限位槽包括两个槽侧壁，沿所述厚度方向，两个所述槽侧壁相对设置，所述限位部的两端分别固定于两个所述槽侧壁。
  7. 根据权利要求2和4-6任一项所述的集流构件，其中，所述凹部沿所述集流构件的厚度方向凹陷。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的集流构件，其中，所述集流体与所述绝缘体之间设置有沿所述集流构件的延伸方向排布的多个限位结构。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的集流构件，其中，所述集流构件包括多个所述绝缘体，沿所述集流构件的延伸方向，多个所述绝缘体间隔排布；
    所述集流体被配置为能够在相邻的两个所述绝缘体之间的间隙区域弯折。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的集流构件，其中，所述绝缘体为注塑成型于两个所述集流体之间的注塑件。
  11. 一种电池单体，包括：
    电极组件，具有两个极耳，两个极耳的极性相反；
    两个输出极，两个所述输出极的极性相反，两个所述输出极用于输出所述电池单体的电能；以及
    如权利要求1-10任一项所述的集流构件，一个集流体用于连接一个极耳和一个输出极，另一个集流体用于连接另一个极耳和另一个输出极。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电池单体，其中，两个所述极耳形成于所述电极组件的同一端。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的电池单体，其中，所述集流体具有用于与所诉极耳焊接的焊接区，所述焊接区具有用于与所述极耳抵靠的抵靠面，所述绝缘体不超出所述抵靠面。
  14. 根据权利要求11-13任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述电极组件具有中心孔，所述绝缘体上设有第二通孔，所述第二通孔与所述中心孔相对设置。
  15. 一种电池，包括：
    如权利要求11-14任一项所述的电池单体；
    箱体，用于容纳所述电池单体。
  16. 一种用电设备，包括如权利要求15所述的电池。
  17. 一种集流构件的制造方法，包括：
    提供两个集流体；
    提供绝缘体；
    将所述绝缘体连接于两个所述集流体，使得两个所述集流体沿所述集流构件的宽度方向相对布置，且所述绝缘体至少部分在所述宽度方向上位于两个所述集流体之间，以将两个所述集流体绝缘隔离；
    其中，所述绝缘体与所述集流体之间形成有限位结构，所述限位结构用于限制所述集流体沿所述宽度方向脱离所述绝缘体。
  18. 一种集流构件的制造设备，包括：
    第一提供设备，用于提供两个集流体；
    第二提供设备，用于提供绝缘体；
    组装装置，用于将所述绝缘体连接于两个所述集流体，使得两个所述集流体沿所述集流构件的宽度方向相对布置，且所述绝缘体至少部分在所述宽度方向上位于两个所述集流体之间，以将两个所述集流体绝缘隔离；
    其中，所述绝缘体与所述集流体之间形成有限位结构，所述限位结构用于限制所述集流体沿所述宽度方向脱离所述绝缘体。
PCT/CN2021/138562 2021-12-15 2021-12-15 集流构件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 Ceased WO2023108509A1 (zh)

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