WO2023122971A1 - 电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池和用电装置 - Google Patents

电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池和用电装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023122971A1
WO2023122971A1 PCT/CN2021/142123 CN2021142123W WO2023122971A1 WO 2023122971 A1 WO2023122971 A1 WO 2023122971A1 CN 2021142123 W CN2021142123 W CN 2021142123W WO 2023122971 A1 WO2023122971 A1 WO 2023122971A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode assembly
insulating film
end cap
covering
battery cell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/142123
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
石胜云
郭志君
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2021/142123 priority Critical patent/WO2023122971A1/zh
Priority to CN202180092456.3A priority patent/CN116806393A/zh
Priority to EP21969350.4A priority patent/EP4407784A4/en
Publication of WO2023122971A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023122971A1/zh
Priority to US18/409,795 priority patent/US20240154278A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/586—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries inside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
    • H01M50/169—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids by welding, brazing or soldering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/049—Processes for forming or storing electrodes in the battery container
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a battery cell, a manufacturing method and equipment thereof, a battery, and an electrical device.
  • the battery cell includes a casing, an end cover, an electrode assembly and an electrolyte. Both the electrode assembly and the electrolyte are accommodated in the casing, and the end cap is welded to the casing to seal the casing.
  • an insulating film is provided between the electrode assembly and the case to insulate the electrode assembly and the case, and the insulating film wraps the electrode assembly to prevent the electrode assembly from contacting the inner wall of the case.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell and its manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment, battery and electrical device, which can reduce the welding process of the end cover and the casing by providing an avoidance structure on the insulating film. Bursts and pinholes appear.
  • a battery cell including: a housing, an end cover, an electrode assembly, an insulating member, and an insulating film; the housing has an accommodating cavity and at least one end is open; the end cover closes the opening;
  • the electrode assembly is accommodated in the accommodating cavity, the electrode assembly has two first surfaces opposite to each other along a first direction and two second surfaces opposite to each other along a second direction, the first direction and the second direction are parallel to the end cap; insulation The part is arranged on the side of the end cap close to the electrode assembly to isolate the end cap and the electrode assembly; the insulating film is surrounded by the outer periphery of the electrode assembly and the insulating part, and the insulating film includes two first covering areas and two second covering areas, both The two first coverage areas are arranged corresponding to the two first surfaces respectively, and the two second coverage areas are respectively arranged corresponding to the two second surfaces.
  • the distance between the two first coverage areas increases gradually. And/or, the distance between the two second covering areas increases gradually; the end of the second covering area near the insulating member is provided with a first avoidance structure, so as to prevent the insulating film from interfering with the connection between the end cover and the housing.
  • the second coverage area containing the end of the insulating film may be close to the end of the insulating member. It extends to the end cover and interferes with the end cover.
  • the high welding temperature vaporizes the insulating film to generate gas, and the gas overflows through the welding pool, resulting in Bursts and pinholes appear.
  • the first avoidance structure By arranging the first avoidance structure at the end of the second covering area close to the insulator, it is possible to prevent the insulating film from interfering with the connection between the end cover and the housing, thereby preventing the insulating film from getting too close to the weld pool and being vaporized during the welding process, thereby The problems of explosion points and pinholes at the welding seam between the end cover and the casing are reduced or avoided, and the quality of the battery cell is improved.
  • two second coverage areas are respectively connected to two sides of a first coverage area.
  • the two second coverage areas respectively include the end of an insulating film, and the end of the insulating film is the most likely to interfere with the end cap, just set here
  • the first avoidance structure is disposed at an end of the second coverage area away from the connected first coverage area.
  • the end of the insulating film is located at the end of the second covering area away from the connected first covering area, and the first avoidance structure is arranged here, Thereby preventing or avoiding the insulation film from interfering with the connection between the end cover and the housing to the greatest extent.
  • the first escape structure is a chamfer or a notch.
  • the chamfer or notch is a structure formed by removing material on the insulating film, so these two structures can prevent the insulating film from interfering between the end cover and the housing by reducing the size of the insulating film Connection.
  • the size of the first avoidance structure along the thickness direction of the insulating member is smaller than the thickness of the insulating member at the connection with the insulating film.
  • the first avoidance structure prevents the insulating film from extending from the insulating member to the end cover and interferes with the connection between the end cover and the housing, but the first avoiding structure does not affect the connection between the insulating film and the insulating member, so that The insulating film can be connected with the insulating member to form a wrapped state for the electrode assembly, further preventing the electrode assembly from being insulated from the case.
  • the insulating film does not exceed the insulating member.
  • the insulating film does not exceed the insulator along the direction of the electrode assembly approaching the end cap, the insulating film will not extend to the edge of the end cap, thereby not interfering with the welding between the end cap and the casing.
  • the insulating film further includes two third covering regions, the two third covering regions are respectively connected to the two sides of the other first covering region, and the two third covering regions respectively correspond to the two second surfaces It is set that a third coverage area and a second coverage area jointly cover a second surface, another third coverage area and another second coverage area jointly cover another second surface, and the third coverage area is close to the end of the insulating member
  • the second avoidance structure is provided on the part to prevent the insulating film from interfering with the connection between the end cover and the housing.
  • the third covering area when the third covering area is connected to the first covering area, in the enclosing direction of the insulating film, the other two ends of the insulating film are located in the third covering area, and the second avoidance structure is arranged here, It is possible to prevent or avoid that the insulating film interferes with the connection of the end cap and the housing.
  • the second avoidance structure is disposed at an end of the third coverage area away from the connected first coverage area.
  • the end of the insulating film is located at the end of the third covering region away from the connected first covering region, and the second avoidance structure is arranged here, Thereby preventing or avoiding the insulation film from interfering with the connection between the end cover and the housing to the greatest extent.
  • the second escape structure is a chamfer or a notch.
  • the chamfer or notch is a structure formed in the third covering area by removing material on the insulating film, so these two structures can prevent the insulating film from interfering with the end cap by reducing the size of the insulating film connection to the housing.
  • the second coverage area at least partially overlaps with the third coverage area.
  • gaps in the insulating film are avoided by overlapping the third covering area with the second covering area, thereby preventing the insulating film from fully covering the electrode assembly and making the electrode assembly and the casing contact at the gap of the insulating film.
  • the second avoidance structure at least partially overlaps the first avoidance structure.
  • the positions where the second coverage area and the third coverage area can interfere with the connection between the end cover and the housing are basically the same, therefore, by setting the second avoidance structure and the first The avoidance structure at least partially overlaps, so that neither the second covering area nor the third covering area interferes with the connection between the end cover and the housing.
  • the width of the second surface along the first direction is smaller than the width of the first surface along the second direction.
  • the second surface is narrower than the first surface, and when the electrode assembly expands during charging and discharging, the expansion amount of the second surface is smaller than that of the first surface, and the second covering area corresponds to the second surface, And the first avoidance structure is located on the second surface, therefore, the first avoidance structure corresponds to the second surface, when the electrode assembly expands, the second surface will not burst from the first avoidance structure due to the small amount of expansion isolation diaphragm so that it does not come into contact with the housing.
  • the insulating film further includes a fourth covering region, which is connected between the two first covering regions and covers the end surface of the electrode assembly away from the end cap.
  • the electrode assembly and the casing are completely isolated by the insulating film, preventing the electrode assembly from contacting the casing at any position.
  • the insulating film is heat-fused to the outer peripheral wall of the insulating member.
  • the heat-melt connection method can quickly realize the connection between the insulating film and the insulating member, which improves the connection efficiency, and saves costs without using other media for connection.
  • the dimension of the insulating member along the first direction is greater than the distance between the two first surfaces, and/or the dimension of the insulating member along the second direction is greater than the distance between the two second surfaces.
  • the distance between the two first covering areas increases gradually, and/or, the two The distance between the second coverage areas is incremented.
  • a battery including the battery cell of any one of the above-mentioned first subject matter embodiments.
  • an electrical device comprising the battery cell according to any one of the embodiments of the first subject above, and the battery cell is used to provide electric energy.
  • a method for manufacturing a battery cell including:
  • a casing is provided, the casing has an accommodating cavity and at least one end is open.
  • An end cover and an insulator are provided, and the insulator is arranged on one side of the end cover.
  • an electrode assembly having two first surfaces oppositely disposed along a first direction and two second surfaces oppositely disposed along a second direction.
  • An insulating film is provided, and the insulating film is arranged on the outer periphery of the electrode assembly and the insulating member.
  • the insulating film includes two first covering areas and two second covering areas, and the two first covering areas are arranged corresponding to the two first surfaces respectively.
  • the two second coverage areas are set corresponding to the two second surfaces respectively, and the distance between the two first coverage areas increases gradually along the direction that the electrode assembly approaches the end cap, and/or, the distance between the two second coverage areas Incremental; the second coverage area is provided with a first avoidance structure near the end of the insulating member, so as to prevent the insulating film from interfering with the connection between the end cover and the housing.
  • the electrode assembly is accommodated in the accommodation cavity.
  • a battery cell manufacturing equipment including:
  • the first providing device is used for providing the casing, the casing has an accommodating cavity and at least one end is open.
  • the second providing device is used for providing the end cover and the insulating part, and the insulating part is arranged on one side of the end cover.
  • the third providing device is used for providing an electrode assembly, and the electrode assembly has two first surfaces oppositely arranged along a first direction and two second surfaces oppositely arranged along a second direction.
  • the first assembly device is used for assembling the end cap, the insulator and the electrode assembly, so that the insulator is parallel to the first direction and the second direction, and the insulator is located on the side of the end cap close to the electrode assembly, so as to isolate the end cap and the electrode assembly .
  • the fourth providing device is used to provide an insulating film, and is used to surround the insulating film on the outer periphery of the electrode assembly and the insulating member.
  • the insulating film includes two first covering areas and two second covering areas, and the two first covering areas The regions are respectively arranged corresponding to the two first surfaces, and the two second covering regions are respectively arranged corresponding to the two second surfaces, and the distance between the two first covering regions increases gradually along the direction that the electrode assembly approaches the end cap, and/or, The distance between the two second covering areas increases gradually; the end of the second covering area close to the insulator is provided with a first avoidance structure to prevent the insulating film from interfering with the connection between the end cover and the housing.
  • the second assembling device is used for accommodating the electrode assembly in the accommodating cavity.
  • the third assembly device is used for connecting the end cover with the shell to close the opening.
  • the insulating member provided by the second device makes good insulation between the electrode assembly and the end cap
  • the insulating film provided by the fifth device makes good insulation between the electrode assembly and the casing, ensuring that the electrode assembly and the casing are well insulated.
  • the first avoidance structure at the end of the second coverage area close to the insulator, it is possible to prevent the insulating film from interfering with the connection between the end cover and the shell, thereby preventing the insulating film from getting too close to the weld puddle and causing the Gasification, thereby reducing or avoiding the problems of explosion points and pinholes at the welding seam between the end cover and the shell, and improving the quality of the battery cell.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application without a casing.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure of part A in FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an unfolded structure of an insulating film provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of another battery cell provided by the embodiment of the present application without the casing.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure of part B in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of an insulating film and an electrode assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an unfolded structure of another insulating film provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a battery cell provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a structural diagram of a manufacturing equipment for a battery cell provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • multiple means more than two (including two), and similarly, “multiple groups” means more than two (including two).
  • connection or “connection” of mechanical structures It may refer to a physical connection, for example, a physical connection may be a fixed connection, such as a fixed connection through a fixture, such as a fixed connection through screws, bolts or other fasteners; a physical connection may also be a detachable connection, such as Mutual clamping or clamping connection; the physical connection may also be an integral connection, for example, welding, bonding or integrally formed connection for connection.
  • connection or “connection” of the circuit structure may not only refer to a physical connection, but also an electrical connection or a signal connection, for example, it may be a direct connection, that is, a physical connection, or an indirect connection through at least one intermediate component, As long as the circuit is connected, it can also be the internal connection of two components; besides the signal connection through the circuit, the signal connection can also refer to the signal connection through the media medium, for example, radio waves.
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion battery cells, lithium-sulfur battery cells, sodium-lithium-ion battery cells, sodium-ion battery cells, or magnesium-ion battery cells, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid, or other shapes, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • a battery cell includes a case, an end cap, an electrode assembly, and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly is composed of a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator.
  • a battery cell primarily relies on the movement of metal ions across the separator between the positive and negative tabs to generate electricity.
  • the shell and the end cover are generally metal parts, such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, etc.
  • the shell has a housing cavity, and the electrode assembly and electrolyte are both contained in the housing cavity of the shell.
  • Body welding is used to seal the electrode assembly and electrolyte in the case.
  • an insulating film is provided between the electrode assembly and the casing, and the insulating film wraps the electrode assembly, thereby preventing short circuit between the electrode assembly and the inner wall of the casing.
  • the reason why the insulating film is too close to the edge of the end cover is that the setting of the insulating film needs to realize the isolation of the electrode assembly from the housing. If the insulating film is too far away from the end cover, it may cause the insulating film to not fully protect the electrode assembly, making The electrode assembly has the possibility of contacting the case near the end cap.
  • the insulating film cannot be flush at the end close to the end cap, which makes the distance between different positions of the insulating film near the end cap and the end cap.
  • some positions of the insulating film may extend to the edge of the end cap or be too close to the edge of the end cap, and interfere with the welding of the end cap and the shell, and during welding Gasification during the process causes explosion points and pinhole defects at the weld.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell and its manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment, a battery and an electrical device, by providing a first avoidance structure on the insulating film of the battery cell, through the first avoidance structure And prevent certain positions of the insulating film from extending to the edge of the end cap or being too close to the edge of the end cap, thereby reducing the occurrence of explosion points and pinholes during the welding process of the end cap and the shell.
  • the batteries in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various devices that use batteries, such as mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, battery cars, electric toys, electric tools, electric vehicles, ships and spacecraft, etc.
  • spacecraft include aircraft , rockets, space shuttles and spaceships, etc., but not limited to.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical device provided by an embodiment of the present application, and the electrical device is a car 2 as an example for illustration, and the car 2 can be a fuel car, a gas car or a new energy car , New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles.
  • the car 2 includes a battery 200 , a controller 210 and a motor 220 .
  • the battery 200 is used to supply power to the controller 210 and the motor 220 as the operating power and driving power of the car 2 , for example, the battery 200 is used for starting, navigating and working power requirements of the car 2 .
  • the battery 200 supplies power to the controller 210, and the controller 210 controls the battery 200 to supply power to the motor 220, and the motor 220 receives and uses the power of the battery 200 as the driving power of the car 2, instead or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas to provide driving for the car 2 power.
  • the battery 200 may include a plurality of battery modules 300 electrically connected to each other and a box body, and the box body includes a first box body 201 and a second box body 202 , wherein the first box body 201 and the second box body 202 are fastened together, and a plurality of battery modules 300 are arranged in the space enclosed by the first box body 201 and the second box body 202 .
  • the first box body 201 and the second box body 202 can be made of aluminum, aluminum alloy or other metal materials. In some embodiments, the first box body 201 and the second box body 202 are hermetically connected.
  • the battery module 300 may include one or more battery cells 400.
  • the plurality of battery cells 400 may be electrically connected in series, in parallel or in parallel. Connect to achieve larger current or voltage, where hybrid refers to a combination of series and parallel.
  • multiple battery cells 400 can be arranged according to predetermined rules. As shown in FIG. 2 , the battery cells 400 can be placed vertically, the height direction of the battery cells 400 is consistent with the Z direction, and the multiple battery cells 400 are arranged side by side along the Y direction.
  • the battery cells 400 can be placed flat, the width direction of the battery cells 400 is consistent with the Z direction, and a plurality of battery cells 400 can be stacked in at least one layer along the Z direction, and each layer includes an arrangement along the X direction or the Y direction. A plurality of battery cells 400.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell 400 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a casing 410 , an end cap 420 , an electrode assembly 430 , and an insulator 440 and an insulating film 450;
  • the casing 410 has an accommodating cavity and at least one end is open; the end cap 420 closes the opening;
  • the electrode assembly 430 is accommodated in the accommodating cavity, and the electrode assembly 430 has two first surfaces 431 disposed opposite to each other along a first direction and along the Two second surfaces 432 opposite to each other in the second direction, the first direction and the second direction are parallel to the end cap 420;
  • the insulator 440 is arranged on the side of the end cap 420 close to the electrode assembly 430 to isolate the end cap 420 from the electrode assembly 430
  • the insulating film 450 is surrounded by the outer periphery of the electrode assembly 430 and the insulating member 440, the insulating film
  • two second coverage areas 452 are respectively provided corresponding to the two second surfaces 432, along the direction that the electrode assembly 430 approaches the end cap 420, the distance between the two first coverage areas 451 increases gradually, and/or, the two The distance between the two second coverage areas 452 increases; the end of the second coverage area 452 close to the insulator 440 is provided with a first escape structure 4521 to prevent the insulation film 450 from interfering with the connection between the end cap 420 and the housing 410 .
  • the electrode assembly 430 is composed of a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator.
  • the battery cell 400 mainly relies on the movement of metal ions between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the current collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the current collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer, The current collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer is used as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the current collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer, The current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive pole tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative pole tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film may be polypropylene (Polypropylene, PP) or polyethylene (polyethylene, PE).
  • the electrode assembly 430 may be a wound structure or a laminated structure, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first direction may be the Y direction in the figure
  • the second direction may be the X direction in the figure.
  • the second surface 432 of the electrode assembly 430 can be two surfaces oppositely arranged along the X direction in the figure.
  • the first direction and the second direction can also be reversed.
  • the first surface of the electrode assembly 430 431 may be two opposite surfaces along the X direction in the figure
  • the second surface 432 of the electrode assembly 430 may be two opposite surfaces along the Y direction in the figure.
  • the two first surfaces 431 are not necessarily facing each other, and there may be a certain angle between the two first surfaces 431.
  • the two second surfaces 432 may not be If they are set facing each other, there can be a certain angle between them.
  • the housing 410 has an accommodating cavity inside to form a hollow cavity structure.
  • One of the surfaces of the housing 410 has an opening, that is, the plane does not have a housing wall so that the accommodating cavity communicates with the outside of the housing 410, so that the electrode assembly 430 can be accommodated in
  • the end cap 420 is combined with the housing 410 at the opening of the housing 410 , the electrode assembly 430 is placed behind the housing chamber, and the housing chamber is filled with electrolyte and sealed.
  • the casing 410 is determined according to the combined shape of one or more electrode assemblies 430, for example, the casing 410 can be a hollow cuboid or a hollow cube, and the size of the housing cavity 410 depends on the number and size of the assembled electrode assemblies 430 Make sure.
  • the casing 410 can be made of metal material or plastic, and optionally, the casing 410 is made of aluminum or aluminum alloy.
  • the end cover 420 is basically in the shape of a flat plate.
  • the end cover 420 is combined with the housing 410 at the opening of the housing 410 and covers the opening of the housing 410.
  • the end cover 420 can be a metal plate and is connected to the housing by welding. 410 , so that the electrode assembly 430 is sealed in the casing 410 .
  • Two electrode terminals 421 are provided on the end cap 420, and the two electrode terminals 421 are respectively a positive terminal and a negative terminal.
  • the positive terminal is connected to the positive tab of the electrode assembly 430, and the negative terminal is connected to the negative tab of the electrode assembly 430.
  • the insulator 440 is arranged on the side of the end cap 420 close to the electrode assembly 430, and the insulator 440 can be connected to the end cap 420, for example, the insulator 440 is connected to the end cap 420 by heat fusion or bonding, and the insulator 440
  • the material may be plastic, rubber, resin, or ceramics, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the shape of the insulator 440 may be substantially the same as that of the end cap 420 , and the insulator 440 is isolated between the end cap 420 and the electrode assembly 430 to prevent short circuit caused by contact between the electrode assembly 430 and the end cap 420 .
  • the edge of the insulator 440 is located inside the edge of the end cap 420 to prevent the insulator 440 from affecting the connection between the end cap 420 and the opening of the housing 410 .
  • the material of the insulating film 450 includes one or more of polyimide, polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride and polytetrafluoroethylene, and the insulating film 450 is coated on the surface of the electrode assembly 430 to separate the electrode assembly 430 from the shell.
  • the body 410 is separated, and the insulating film 450 can be coated on the outer peripheral wall of the electrode assembly 430 in a cylindrical shape, wherein the two first surfaces 431 and the two second surfaces 432 of the electrode assembly 430 belong to the outer peripheral wall of the electrode assembly 430. part.
  • the insulating film 450 When the insulating film 450 is coated on the outer peripheral wall of the electrode assembly 430 in a cylindrical shape, the insulating film 450 has ends in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical structure, and there may be one or more pairs of ends, and the ends of each pair of insulating films 450 are butted. Wherein, the docking can be directly connected, or just close to each other or overlap each other in position.
  • the electrode assembly 430 When the electrode assembly 430 expands during use, it may come into contact with the casing 410 and generate a pressing force.
  • the setting of the insulating film 450 can prevent the direct contact between the casing 410 and the electrode assembly 430 from causing a short circuit. At the same time, it can also To prevent the shell 410 from directly pressing the electrode assembly 430 when the extrusion force is too large, causing the pole piece of the electrode assembly 430 to break. Therefore, the use of the insulating film 450 can form a good protection for the electrode assembly 430, and improve the battery life. The use safety of the battery cell 400 and prolong the service life of the battery cell 400 .
  • the first coverage area 451 corresponding to the first surface 431 means that the first coverage area 451 is at least partially located outside the first surface 431 . It should be noted that the first covering area 451 may or may not be attached to the first surface 431, and similarly, the second covering area 452 may or may not be attached to the second surface 432. Adhere to the second surface 432 .
  • the first covering region 451 extends from the outside of the first surface 431 to the outside of the insulating member 440, and the second covering region 452 extends from the outside of the second surface 432 to the outside of the insulating member 440, so that the insulating film 450 surrounds the electrode assembly 430 and the insulating member 440.
  • the electrode assembly 430 is defined between the insulating film 450 and the insulating member 440 , and is not in contact with the case 410 nor the end cap 420 , preventing the battery cell 400 from short circuiting.
  • the first escape structure 4521 can be formed by cutting the end of the insulating film 450 close to the end cap 420, or by bending the insulating film 450 near the end cap 420 in a direction away from the end cap 420, as long as it can prevent the insulating film from 450 can be too close to the end cap 420 .
  • the first covering area 451 and/or the second covering area 452 are trapezoidal, resulting in a second covering area including the end of the insulating film 450 along the surrounding direction of the insulating film 450 452 may extend to the end cap 420 near the end of the insulator 440 and interfere with the end cap 420 .
  • the high welding temperature vaporizes the insulating film 450 Gas is generated, and the gas overflows through the weld pool, resulting in explosion points and pinholes at the weld.
  • the insulating film 450 can be prevented from interfering with the connection between the end cover 420 and the housing 410, thereby preventing the insulating film 450 from being welded.
  • the molten pool is too close to gasify during the welding process, thereby reducing or avoiding problems of explosion points and pinholes at the welding seam between the end cover 420 and the casing 410 , and improving the quality of the battery cell 400 .
  • two second coverage areas 452 are respectively connected to two sides of a first coverage area 451 .
  • the two sides of the first coverage area 451 specifically refer to the two sides of the first coverage area 451 along the second direction.
  • the two second covering regions 452 respectively include an end of the insulating film 450, and the end of the insulating film 450 is most likely to interfere with the end cap 420,
  • the first avoidance structure 4521 is provided just here, so as to prevent or avoid the insulating film 450 from interfering with the connection between the end cover 420 and the housing 410 to a greater extent.
  • the first avoidance structure 4521 is disposed at the end of the second coverage area 452 away from the first coverage area 451 connected thereto.
  • the first avoidance structure 4521 is disposed at an end of the second covering area 452 away from the first covering area 451 connected thereto, and is located at an end of the second covering area 452 close to the end cover 420 .
  • the end of the insulating film 450 is located at the end of the second covering region 452 away from the first covering region 451 connected thereto, and the first avoidance structure 4521 is arranged here, so as to prevent or avoid the insulating film 450 from interfering with the connection between the end cap 420 and the housing 410 to the greatest extent.
  • the first escape structure 4521 is a chamfer or a notch.
  • Fig. 4 is a structure in which the first avoidance structure in the embodiment of the present application is chamfered.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A in Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the insulating film in Fig. 4.
  • the avoidance structure 4521 is a chamfer, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the chamfer refers to a structure that has a continuous cutting boundary, and the cutting boundary is a part of the edge of the insulating film 450, the chamfer can be a bevel Or rounded corners. Of course, chamfering does not have to be set strictly according to the conventional style.
  • the range of chamfering is related to the distance between the end cap 420 and the end cap 420 of the insulating film 450. The closer the insulating film 450 is to the end cap 420, the larger the chamfering range is, and the farther the distance between the insulating film 450 and the end cap 420 is. , the smaller the range of chamfering.
  • Fig. 7 is a structure in which the first avoidance structure 4521 in the embodiment of the present application is a gap
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B in Fig. 7.
  • the gap may have multiple cutting boundaries and multiple Two cutting boundaries intersect each other, and each cutting boundary is used as a part of the edge of the insulating film 450.
  • the range of the gap is related to the distance between the end cover 420 of the insulating film 450 and the end cover 420.
  • the insulating film 450 is connected to the end cover 420. The closer the end caps 420 are, the larger the range of the gap is, and the farther the distance between the insulating film 450 and the end caps 420 is, the smaller the gap is.
  • the chamfer or notch is a structure formed on the insulating film 450 by removing material, so these two structures can prevent the insulating film 450 from interfering with the end cap 420 and the insulating film 450 by reducing the size of the insulating film 450. connection between housings 410 .
  • the dimension d of the first avoidance structure 4521 along the thickness direction of the insulating member 440 is smaller than the thickness D of the insulating member 440 at the junction with the insulating film 450 .
  • the first avoidance structure 4521 prevents the insulating film 450 from extending from the insulating member 440 to the end cap 420 and interferes with the connection between the end cap 420 and the housing 410, but the first avoiding structure 4521 does not affect the insulating film 450 is connected to the insulating member 440 , so that the insulating film 450 can be connected to the insulating member 440 to form a wrapping state for the electrode assembly 430 , further preventing the electrode assembly 430 from being insulated from the casing 410 .
  • the insulating film 450 does not exceed the insulating member 440 .
  • the insulating film 450 does not exceed the insulating member 440 including two cases where the edge of the insulating film 450 is within the range of the insulating member 440 and the edge of the insulating film 450 is flush with the edge of the insulating member 440 .
  • the edge of the insulating film 450 may extend toward the end cap 420 and cannot exceed the range of the insulating member 440 due to its short length; or the insulating film 450 may also extend toward the end cap 420 and reach the insulating member 440 and the edge of the end cap 420 are bent due to abutting against the end cap 420 , and the direction of the bending can be along the surface of the end cap 420 close to the insulator 440 , or it can be bent toward the direction of the electrode assembly 430 , as long as the insulating film 450 does not extend to the edge where the end cover 420 and the housing 410 are welded.
  • the insulating film 450 does not exceed the insulating member 440 along the direction of the electrode assembly 430 approaching the end cap 420, the insulating film 450 will not extend to the edge of the end cap 420, thereby not interfering with the end cap 420 and the shell. Welding between bodies 410.
  • the insulating film 450 further includes two third covering regions 453, and the two third covering regions 453 are respectively connected to another first covering region.
  • the two third coverage areas 453 are set corresponding to the two second surfaces 432 respectively, one third coverage area 453 and one second coverage area 452 cover one second surface 432 together, and the other third coverage area 453 covers one second surface 432 together.
  • the third covering area 453 and another second covering area 452 jointly cover the other second surface 432 , and the end of the third covering area 453 close to the insulating member 440 is provided with a second avoidance structure 4531 to prevent the insulating film 450 from interfering with the end cap 420 Connection to housing 410 .
  • the insulating film 450 has two first covering regions 451, two second covering regions 452 and two third covering regions 453, and the two second covering regions 452 are respectively connected to On both sides of a first coverage area 451, two third coverage areas 453 are respectively connected to both sides of another first coverage area 451, specifically, two third coverage areas 453 are respectively connected to another first coverage area 451 along both sides of the second direction.
  • the third covering area 453 may or may not be attached to the second surface 432, and the width of the third covering area 453 along the first direction may be greater than that of the second surface 432 along the The width in the first direction may also be smaller than the width of the second surface 432 along the first direction.
  • the second avoidance structure 4531 can be formed by cutting the end of the third covering area 453 close to the end cover 420, or by bending the third covering area 453 near the end cover 420 in a direction away from the end cover 420, as long as It only needs to prevent the insulating film 450 from being too close to the end cap 420 .
  • the second avoidance structure 4531 is set here to prevent the third covering area 453 from interfering with the connection between the end cover 420 and the housing 410, thereby preventing the third covering area 453 from getting too close to the weld puddle and vaporizing during the welding process, thus reducing or avoiding the Explosion points and pinholes appear at the welding seam between the end cover 420 and the casing 410 , which improves the quality of the battery cell 400 .
  • the second avoidance structure 4531 is disposed at the end of the third coverage area 453 away from the connected first coverage area 451 .
  • the second avoidance structure 4531 is disposed at an end of the third covering area 453 away from the connected first covering area 451 , and is located at an end of the third covering area 453 close to the end cover 420 .
  • the end of the insulating film 450 is located at the end of the third covering region 453 away from the first covering region 451 connected thereto, and the second avoidance structure 4531 is arranged here, so as to prevent or avoid the third covering area 453 from interfering with the connection between the end cap 420 and the housing 410 to the greatest extent.
  • the second escape structure 4531 is a chamfer or a notch.
  • the second avoidance structure 4531 shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 is a chamfer.
  • the chamfer can be beveled or rounded.
  • the chamfer does not have to be set in strict accordance with the conventional style, as long as it is close to the bevel or rounded, it can be considered as a chamfer.
  • the range of chamfering is related to the distance between the end cap 420 and the end cap 420 of the insulating film 450. The closer the insulating film 450 is to the end cap 420, the larger the chamfering range is, and the farther the distance between the insulating film 450 and the end cap 420 is. , the smaller the range of chamfering.
  • the second avoidance structure 4531 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is a gap.
  • the boundary is a structure that is part of the edge of the insulating film 450.
  • the range of the gap is related to the distance between the end cap 420 of the insulating film 450 and the end cap 420. The closer the insulating film 450 is to the end cap 420, the larger the range of the gap is. , the farther the insulating film 450 is from the end cap 420, the smaller the range of the gap.
  • the chamfer or notch is a structure formed on the insulating film 450 in the third covering region 453 by removing material, so these two structures can prevent the insulating film from being formed by reducing the size of the insulating film 450 450 interferes with the connection between end cap 420 and housing 410 .
  • the second footprint 452 at least partially overlaps the third footprint 453 .
  • the second coverage area 452 may be located between the third coverage area 453 and the second surface 432 at any corresponding position of the second surface 432, or It is the third footprint 453 located between the second footprint 452 and the second surface 432 .
  • gaps in the insulating film 450 are avoided by overlapping the third covering area 453 with the second covering area 452, thereby preventing the insulating film 450 from being unable to completely cover the electrode assembly 430 and causing the electrode assembly 430 and the outer casing to be separated by the insulating film 450. contact at the gap.
  • the second avoidance structure 4531 at least partially overlaps the first avoidance structure 4521 .
  • the position where the second covering area 452 and the third covering area 453 can interfere with the connection between the end cap 420 and the housing 410 is basically the same, therefore, by setting the second The second avoidance structure 4531 at least partially overlaps the first avoidance structure 4521 , so that neither the second covering area 452 nor the third covering area 453 interferes with the connection between the end cover 420 and the housing 410 .
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of an electrode assembly and an insulating film. As shown in FIG. 9 , in some embodiments, the width of the second surface 432 along the first direction is smaller than the width of the first surface 431 along the second direction.
  • the second surface 432 is narrower than the first surface 431, and when the electrode assembly 430 expands during charging and discharging, the expansion of the second surface 432 is smaller than that of the first surface 431, and the second covering area 452 Corresponding to the second surface 432, and the first avoidance structure 4521 is located on the second surface 432, therefore, the first avoidance structure 4521 corresponds to the second surface 432, when the electrode assembly 430 expands, the second surface 432 due to the expansion Small enough to avoid breaking the isolation membrane from the first escape structure 4521, so as not to contact the casing.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of the insulating film in an unfolded state in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the first avoidance structure 4521 is a gap, as shown in Figure 6, Figure 9 and Figure 10, in some embodiments, the insulating film 450 A fourth covering area 454 is also included, and the fourth covering area 454 is connected between the two first covering areas 451 and covers the end surface of the electrode assembly 430 away from the end cap 420 .
  • the insulating film 450 can be folded along the creases so that the insulating film 450 forms a three-dimensional wrapping state for the electrode assembly 430. (as shown in FIG. 8 ), and the insulating film 450 can wrap five surfaces of the electrode assembly 430 .
  • the electrode assembly 430 is completely isolated from the casing 410 by the insulating film 450 , preventing the electrode assembly 430 from contacting the casing 410 at any position.
  • the insulating film 450 is heat-fused with the outer peripheral wall of the insulating member 440 .
  • Hot-melt connection refers to a connection method in which non-metals and non-metals are connected together through liquid phase mixing after heating to the melting point.
  • the two non-metallic components to be connected are the insulating film 450 and the insulating member 440 respectively, wherein the insulating film 450 and the insulating member 440 can be connected continuously or intermittently.
  • the hot melt connection can quickly realize the connection between the insulating film 450 and the insulating member 440, which improves the connection efficiency and saves costs without using other media for connection.
  • the dimension of the insulating member 440 along the first direction is greater than the distance between the two first surfaces 431, and/or, the dimension of the insulating member 440 along the second direction is greater than the distance between the two second surfaces 432. distance.
  • the distance between the two first covering regions 451 increases gradually, And/or, the distance between the two second coverage areas 452 increases incrementally.
  • the distance between the two first covering regions 451 increases incrementally along the direction that the electrode assembly 430 approaches the end cap 420 ;
  • the distance between the two second covering regions 452 increases;
  • the insulation When the dimension of the member 440 along the first direction is greater than the distance between the two first surfaces 431, and the dimension of the insulating member 440 along the second direction is greater than the distance between the two second surfaces 432, the two first coverage areas 451 The distance between them and the distance between the two second covering regions 452 are increased, so that the insulating film 450 extends from the outside of the electrode assembly 430 to the outside of the insulating member 440 , and is close to the insulating member 440 , and then connected to the insulating member 440 .
  • the distance between the two first surfaces 431 increases and/or the distance between the two second surfaces 432 increases along the direction that the electrode assembly 430 approaches the end cap 420 .
  • the insulating film 450 is made to move along the direction that the electrode assembly 430 approaches the end cap 420, two The distance between the first coverage areas 451 is increasing, and/or, the distance between the two second coverage areas 452 is increasing.
  • the distance between the two first surfaces 431 increases gradually along the direction in which the electrode assembly 430 approaches the end cap 420, the distance between the two first covering regions 451 of the insulating film 450 increases; when the electrode assembly 430 approaches the In the direction of the end cap 420, when the distance between the two second surfaces 432 increases, the distance between the two second covering regions 452 of the insulating film 450 increases; when the electrode assembly 430 approaches the end cap 420, the two When the distance between the first surfaces 431 increases and the distance between the two second surfaces 432 increases, the distance between the two first coverage areas 451 and the distance between the two second coverage areas 452 of the insulating film 450 The distances are all increased, so that the insulating film 450 adapts to the shape of the electrode assembly 430 and wraps the electrode assembly 430 .
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery 200 including the battery cell 400 of any one of the above embodiments.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an electric device, including the battery cell 400 of any one of the above embodiments, and the battery cell 400 is used to provide electric energy.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for manufacturing a battery cell 400, including the following steps:
  • S110 Provide a casing 410, the casing 410 has an accommodating chamber and at least one end is open.
  • S130 Provide an electrode assembly 430, the electrode assembly 430 has two first surfaces 431 oppositely arranged along a first direction and two second surfaces 432 oppositely arranged along a second direction.
  • S140 Assemble the end cap 420, the insulator 440 and the electrode assembly 430 so that the end cap 420 is parallel to the first direction and the second direction, and the insulator 440 is located on the side of the end cap 420 close to the electrode assembly 430 to isolate the end cap 420 and electrode assembly 430.
  • the insulating film 450 includes two first covering regions 451 and two second covering regions 452, and the two first covering regions 451 are respectively set corresponding to the two first surfaces 431, and the two second coverage areas 452 are respectively set corresponding to the two second surfaces 432.
  • the distance between the two first coverage areas 451 Incrementally, and/or, the distance between the two second covering areas 452 is increasing; the end of the second covering area 452 close to the insulator 440 is provided with a first avoidance structure 4521 to prevent the insulating film 450 from interfering with the end cap 420 and the shell body 410 connection.
  • S170 Connect the end cover 420 to the housing 410 to close the opening.
  • the order of the above-mentioned steps is not completely in accordance with the above-mentioned sequence.
  • the sequence of the above-mentioned steps can be adjusted according to the actual situation, or they can be performed simultaneously, or other steps can be added to manufacture the battery cell 400. other components, so as to finally obtain the required battery cell 400, for example, the sequence among steps S110, S120 and S130 can be adjusted or performed synchronously. Specifically refer to the embodiment of the battery cell 400 part.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery cell manufacturing equipment, including the following devices:
  • the first providing device 510 is used for providing the casing 410, the casing 410 has an accommodating chamber and at least one end is open.
  • the second providing device 520 is used for providing the end cover 420 and the insulating member 440 , and the insulating member 440 is disposed on one side of the end cover 420 .
  • the third providing device 530 is used for providing the electrode assembly 430.
  • the electrode assembly 430 has two first surfaces 431 oppositely arranged along the first direction and two second surfaces 432 oppositely arranged along the second direction.
  • the first assembly device 540 is used for assembling the end cap 420, the insulator 440 and the electrode assembly 430, so that the end cap 420 is parallel to the first direction and the second direction, and the insulator 440 is located on the side of the end cap 420 close to the electrode assembly 430 , to isolate the end cap 420 from the electrode assembly 430 .
  • the fourth providing device 550 is used to provide the insulating film 450, and is used to surround the insulating film 450 on the outer periphery of the electrode assembly 430 and the insulating member 440.
  • the insulating film 450 includes two first covering regions 451 and two second covering regions.
  • the two first covering areas 451 are set corresponding to the two first surfaces 431 respectively, and the two second covering areas 452 are respectively set corresponding to the two second surfaces 432, along the direction that the electrode assembly 430 approaches the end cap 420, two The distance between the first coverage areas 451 is increasing, and/or, the distance between the two second coverage areas 452 is increasing; the second coverage area 452 is provided with a first escape structure 4521 near the end of the insulator 440 to prevent The insulating film 450 interferes with the connection of the end cap 420 to the housing 410 .
  • the second assembling device 560 is used for accommodating the electrode assembly 430 in the accommodating chamber.
  • the third assembly device 570 is used for connecting the end cover 420 with the casing 410 to close the opening.
  • the insulating member 440 provided by the second device 520 enables good insulation between the electrode assembly 430 and the end cap 420
  • the insulating film 450 provided by the fifth device 550 enables good insulation between the electrode assembly 430 and the casing 410.
  • the insulating film 450 interferes with the connection between the end cover 420 and the shell 410, thereby preventing the insulating film 450 from getting too close to the weld puddle and vaporizing during the welding process, thereby reducing or avoiding the welding seam between the end cover 420 and the shell 410 Problems of bursting points and pinholes occur, improving the quality of the manufactured battery cells 400 .
  • the embodiment of the present application can prevent the insulating film 450 from interfering with the connection between the end cap 420 and the housing 410 by providing the first avoidance structure 4521 at the end of the second covering area 452 close to the insulating member 440, thereby preventing the insulating film from 450 is too close to the welding pool and vaporizes during the welding process, thereby reducing or avoiding the problems of explosion points and pinholes at the welding seam between the end cover 420 and the casing 410 , and improving the quality of the battery cell 400 .

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例涉及电池的技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池和用电装置。电池单体包括壳体、端盖、电极组件、绝缘件和绝缘膜；壳体具有容纳腔且至少一端开口；端盖封闭开口；电极组件容纳于容纳腔内，电极组件具有两个第一表面和两个第二表面；绝缘件设置于端盖靠近电极组件一侧；绝缘膜围设于电极组件和绝缘件的外周，绝缘膜包括两个第一覆盖区和两个第二覆盖区，两个第一覆盖区分别对应两个第一表面设置，两个第二覆盖区分别对应两个第二表面设置，第二覆盖区靠近绝缘件的端部设有第一避让结构，以防止绝缘膜干涉端盖与壳体的连接。本申请能够减少端盖和壳体焊接过程中的爆点和针孔的出现。

Description

电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池和用电装置 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及电池的技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池和用电装置。
背景技术
电池单体包括壳体、端盖、电极组件和电解液，电极组件和电解液均容纳于壳体内，端盖与壳体焊接，用于密封壳体。在电池单体的制造过程中，为了使电极组件和壳体之间绝缘而在电极组件与壳体之间设置绝缘膜，绝缘膜包裹电极组件，从而防止电极组件与壳体内壁接触。
现有技术中，端盖在和壳体焊接时常常会有爆点及针孔出现，从而直接影响电池单体的质量，甚至导致电池单体的报废。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池和用电装置，其通过在绝缘膜上设置避让结构，从而减少端盖和壳体焊接过程中的爆点和针孔的出现。
根据本申请实施例的第一方面，提供了一种电池单体，包括：壳体、端盖、电极组件、绝缘件和绝缘膜；壳体具有容纳腔且至少一端开口；端盖封闭开口；电极组件容纳于容纳腔内，电极组件具有沿第一方向相对设置的两个第一表面和沿第二方向相对设置的两个第二表面，第一方向与第二方向平行于端盖；绝缘件设置于端盖靠近电极组件一侧，以隔离端盖与电极组件；绝缘膜围设于电极组件和绝缘件的外周，绝缘膜包括两个第一覆盖区和两个第二覆盖区，两个第一覆盖区分别对应两个第一表面设置，两个第二覆盖区分别对应两个第二表面设置，沿电极组件靠近端盖的方向，两个第一覆盖区之间的距离递增，和/或，两个第二覆盖区之间的距离递增；第二覆盖区靠近绝缘件的端部设有第一避让结构，以防止绝缘膜干涉端盖与壳体的连接。
由于沿电极组件靠近端盖的方向上，两个第一覆盖区之间的距离 递增，和/或两个第二覆盖区之间的距离递增，因此当绝缘膜围设于电极组件和绝缘件的外周时，两个第一覆盖区和/或两个第二覆盖区呈梯形，导致沿绝缘膜的围设方向上、包含有绝缘膜的末端的第二覆盖区靠近绝缘件的端部可能延伸至端盖，并与端盖之间发生干涉，在端盖与壳体焊接的过程中，较高的焊接温度使绝缘膜气化而产生气体，气体通过焊接熔池外溢，导致焊缝处出现爆点和针孔。通过在第二覆盖区靠近绝缘件的端部设置第一避让结构，能够防止绝缘膜干涉端盖与壳体的连接，从而防止绝缘膜与焊接熔池过分靠近而在焊接过程中气化，从而减少或避免在端盖与壳体间的焊缝处出现爆点和针孔的问题，提高了电池单体的质量。
在一些实施例中，两个第二覆盖区分别连接于一个第一覆盖区的两侧。
通过采用上述方案，在绝缘膜的围设方向上，两个第二覆盖区分别包含一个绝缘膜的末端，而绝缘膜的末端是最有可能出现与端盖干涉的情况，恰好在此处设置有第一避让结构，从而更大程度的防止或避免绝缘膜干涉端盖与壳体的连接。
在一些实施例中，第一避让结构设于第二覆盖区远离与之相连的第一覆盖区的端部。
通过采用上述方案，当第二覆盖区与第一覆盖区相连时，绝缘膜的末端位于第二覆盖区远离与之相连的第一覆盖区的端部，将第一避让结构设置在此处，从而最大程度的防止或避免绝缘膜干涉端盖与壳体的连接。
在一些实施例中，第一避让结构为倒角或缺口。
通过采用上述方案，倒角或者缺口都是在绝缘膜上通过去除材料的方式形成的结构，因此这两种结构都能通过减小绝缘膜的尺寸而防止绝缘膜干涉端盖与壳体之间的连接。
在一些实施例中，第一避让结构沿绝缘件的厚度方向的尺寸小于与绝缘膜连接处的绝缘件的厚度。
通过采用上述方案，第一避让结构使得绝缘膜不会从绝缘件延伸到端盖而干涉端盖与壳体之间的连接，但是第一避让结构不会影响绝缘 膜与绝缘件的连接，使得绝缘膜能够与绝缘件连接而对电极组件形成包裹状态，进一步防止电极组件与壳体绝缘。
在一些实施例中，沿电极组件靠近端盖的方向，绝缘膜不超过绝缘件。
通过采用上述方案，由于绝缘膜沿电极组件靠近端盖的方向上不超过绝缘件，因此，绝缘膜不会延伸到端盖的边缘，从而不会干涉端盖与壳体之间的焊接。
在一些实施例中，绝缘膜还包括两个第三覆盖区，两个第三覆盖区分别连接于另一个第一覆盖区的两侧，且两个第三覆盖区分别对应两个第二表面设置，一个第三覆盖区与一个第二覆盖区共同覆盖一个第二表面，另一个第三覆盖区与另一个第二覆盖区共同覆盖另一个第二表面，第三覆盖区靠近绝缘件的端部设有第二避让结构，以防止绝缘膜干涉端盖与壳体的连接。
通过采用上述方案，当第三覆盖区与第一覆盖区相连时，在绝缘膜的围设方向上，绝缘膜另有两个末端位于第三覆盖区，将第二避让结构设置在此处，能够防止或避免绝缘膜干涉端盖与壳体的连接。
在一些实施例中，第二避让结构设于第三覆盖区远离与之相连的第一覆盖区的端部。
通过采用上述方案，当第三覆盖区与第一覆盖区相连时，绝缘膜的末端位于第三覆盖区远离与之相连的第一覆盖区的端部，将第二避让结构设置在此处，从而最大程度的防止或避免绝缘膜干涉端盖与壳体的连接。
在一些实施例中，第二避让结构为倒角或缺口。
通过采用上述方案，倒角或者缺口都是在绝缘膜上通过去除材料的方式在第三覆盖区形成的结构，因此这两种结构都能通过减小绝缘膜的尺寸而防止绝缘膜干涉端盖与壳体之间的连接。
在一些实施例中，第二覆盖区与第三覆盖区至少部分重叠。
通过采用上述方案，通过第三覆盖区与第二覆盖区重叠而避免绝缘膜出现缝隙，从而防止绝缘膜对电极组件无法完全覆盖而使得电极组件与外壳在绝缘膜的缝隙处接触。
在一些实施例中，第二避让结构与第一避让结构至少部分重叠。
在第二覆盖区与第三覆盖区至少部分重叠的情况下，第二覆盖区与第三覆盖区能够干涉端盖与壳体连接的位置基本一致，因此，通过设置第二避让结构与第一避让结构至少部分重叠，能够使第二覆盖区与第三覆盖区均不干涉端盖和壳体的连接。
在一些实施例中，第二表面沿第一方向的宽度小于第一表面沿第二方向的宽度。
通过采用上述方案，第二表面比第一表面窄，在电极组件充放电过程中发生膨胀时，第二表面的膨胀量小于第一表面的膨胀量，而第二覆盖区对应于第二表面，且第一避让结构位于第二表面上，因此，第一避让结构与第二表面相对应，当电极组件发生膨胀时，第二表面由于膨胀量较小而不会从第一避让结构处撑破隔离膜，从而不会与外壳接触。
在一些实施例中，绝缘膜还包括第四覆盖区，第四覆盖区连接于两个第一覆盖区之间，且覆盖电极组件远离端盖的端面。
通过采用上述方案，电极组件与壳体之间被绝缘膜较为全面的隔离，防止电极组件在任一位置与壳体接触。
在一些实施例中，绝缘膜与绝缘件外周壁热熔连接。
通过采用上述方案，热熔连接的方式能够快速实现绝缘膜与绝缘件之间的连接，提高了连接效率，且无需使用其他介质连接，节约了成本。
在一些实施例中，绝缘件沿第一方向的尺寸大于两个第一表面之间的距离，和/或，绝缘件沿第二方向的尺寸大于两个第二表面之间的距离。
通过采用上述方案，为了能够使绝缘膜同时覆盖电极组件和绝缘件的同一侧的表面，沿电极组件靠近端盖的方向，两个第一覆盖区之间的距离递增，和/或，两个第二覆盖区之间的距离递增。
根据本申请实施例的第二方面，提供了一种电池，包括上述第一主题任一实施例的电池单体。
通过采用上述方案，电池单体的端盖与壳体之间的焊缝处不会出现爆点和针孔，或者爆点和针孔出现的概率较小，提高了电池单体的质 量，从而提高了电池的质量。
根据本申请实施例的第三方面，提供了一种用电装置，包括上述第一主题任一实施例的电池单体，电池单体用于提供电能。
通过采用上述方案，电池单体的端盖与壳体之间的焊缝处不会出现爆点和针孔，或者爆点和针孔出现的概率较小，提高了电池单体的质量，使电池单体能够长时间为用电装置供电，且用电装置的使用寿命和安全型都得到了提高。
根据本申请实施例的第四方面，提供了一种电池单体的制造方法，包括：
提供壳体，壳体具有容纳腔且至少一端开口。
提供端盖以及绝缘件，绝缘件设置于端盖一侧。
提供电极组件，电极组件具有沿第一方向相对设置的两个第一表面和沿第二方向相对设置的两个第二表面。
组装端盖、绝缘件和电极组件，使绝缘件平行于第一方向与第二方向，且绝缘件位于端盖靠近电极组件的一侧，以隔离端盖和电极组件。
提供绝缘膜，将绝缘膜围设于电极组件和绝缘件的外周，绝缘膜包括两个第一覆盖区和两个第二覆盖区，两个第一覆盖区分别对应两个第一表面设置，两个第二覆盖区分别对应两个第二表面设置，沿电极组件靠近端盖的方向，两个第一覆盖区之间的距离递增，和/或，两个第二覆盖区之间的距离递增；第二覆盖区靠近绝缘件的端部设有第一避让结构，以防止绝缘膜干涉端盖与壳体的连接。
将电极组件容纳于容纳腔内。
将端盖与壳体连接，以封闭开口。
通过采用上述方法，在确保电极组件与端盖和壳体之间具有良好的绝缘效果的前提下，通过在第二覆盖区靠近绝缘件的端部设置第一避让结构，能够防止绝缘膜干涉端盖与壳体的连接，从而防止绝缘膜与焊接熔池过分靠近而在焊接过程中气化，从而减少或避免在端盖与壳体间的焊缝处出现爆点和针孔的问题，提高了制造出的电池单体的质量。
根据本申请实施例的第五方面，提供了一种电池单体的制造设 备，包括：
第一提供装置，用于提供壳体，壳体具有容纳腔且至少一端开口。
第二提供装置，用于提供端盖以及绝缘件，绝缘件设置于端盖一侧。
第三提供装置，用于提供电极组件，电极组件具有沿第一方向相对设置的两个第一表面和沿第二方向相对设置的两个第二表面。
第一组装装置，用于组装端盖、绝缘件和电极组件，使绝缘件平行于第一方向与第二方向，且绝缘件位于端盖靠近电极组件的一侧，以隔离端盖和电极组件。
第四提供装置，用于提供绝缘膜，且用于将绝缘膜围设于电极组件和绝缘件的外周，绝缘膜包括两个第一覆盖区和两个第二覆盖区，两个第一覆盖区分别对应两个第一表面设置，两个第二覆盖区分别对应两个第二表面设置，沿电极组件靠近端盖的方向，两个第一覆盖区之间的距离递增，和/或，两个第二覆盖区之间的距离递增；第二覆盖区靠近绝缘件的端部设有第一避让结构，以防止绝缘膜干涉端盖与壳体的连接。
第二组装装置，用于将电极组件容纳于容纳腔内。
第三组装装置，用于将端盖与壳体连接，以封闭开口。
通过采用上述设备，第二装置提供的绝缘件使得电极组件与端盖之间具有良好的绝缘，第五装置提供的绝缘膜使得电极组件与壳体之间具有良好的绝缘，在确保电极组件与端盖和壳体之间具有良好的绝缘效果的前提下，通过在第二覆盖区靠近绝缘件的端部设置第一避让结构，能够防止绝缘膜干涉端盖与壳体的连接，从而防止绝缘膜与焊接熔池过分靠近而在焊接过程中气化，从而减少或避免在端盖与壳体间的焊缝处出现爆点和针孔的问题，提高了制造出的电池单体的质量。
本申请实施例通过在第二覆盖区靠近绝缘件的端部设置第一避让结构，能够防止绝缘膜干涉端盖与壳体的连接，从而防止绝缘膜与焊接熔池过分靠近而在焊接过程中气化，从而减少或避免在端盖与壳体间的焊缝处出现爆点和针孔的问题，提高了电池单体的质量。
上述说明仅是本申请实施例技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解 本申请实施例的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请实施例的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为本申请实施例公开的一种用电装置的结构示意图。
图2为本申请实施例公开的一种电池的爆炸结构示意图。
图3为本申请实施例公开的一种电池单体的爆炸结构示意图。
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种电池单体去掉壳体后的结构示意图。
图5为图4中A部分的放大结构示意图。
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种绝缘膜的展开结构示意图。
图7为本申请实施例提供的另一种电池单体去掉壳体后的结构示意图。
图8为图7中B部分的放大结构示意图。
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种绝缘膜与电极组件的爆炸结构示意图。
图10为本申请实施例提供的另一种绝缘膜的展开结构示意图。
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种电池单体的制造方法流程图。
图12为本申请实施例提供的一种电池单体的制造设备结构图。
附图标记说明：2、汽车；200、电池；210、控制器；220、马达；201、第一箱体；202、第二箱体；300、电池模块；400、电池单体；410、壳体；420、端盖；421、电极端子；430、电极组件；431、第一表面；432、第二表面；440、绝缘件；450、绝缘膜；451、第一覆盖区；452、第二覆盖区；4521、第一避让结构；453、第三覆盖区；4531、第二避让结构；454、第四覆盖区；510、第一提供装置；520、第 二提供装置；530、第三提供装置；540、第一组装装置；550、第四提供装置；560、第二组装装置；570、第三组装装置。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖而不排除其它的内容。单词“一”或“一个”并不排除存在多个。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语“实施例”并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的电池单体、电池、用电装置或电池单体的制造设备的具体结构进行限定。例如，在本申请的描述中，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、 “周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
此外，诸如X方向、Y方向以及Z方向等用于说明本实施例的电池单体、电池、用电装置或电池单体的制造设备的各构件的操作和构造的指示方向的表述不是绝对的而是相对的，且尽管当电池包的各构件处于图中所示的位置时这些指示是恰当的，但是当这些位置改变时，这些方向应有不同的解释，以对应所述改变。
此外，本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序，可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是指两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，机械结构的“相连”或“连接”可以是指物理上的连接，例如，物理上的连接可以是固定连接，例如通过固定件固定连接，例如通过螺丝、螺栓或其它固定件固定连接；物理上的连接也可以是可拆卸连接，例如相互卡接或卡合连接；物理上的连接也可以是一体地连接，例如，焊接、粘接或一体成型形成连接进行连接。电路结构的“相连”或“连接”除了可以是指物理上的连接，还可以是指电连接或信号连接，例如，可以是直接相连，即物理连接，也可以通过中间至少一个元件间接相连，只要达到电路相通即可，还可以是两个元件内部的连通；信号连接除了可以通过电路进行信号连接外，也可以是指通过媒体介质进行信号连接，例如，无线电波。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子电池单体、锂硫电池单体、钠锂离子电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状 等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方体方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
电池单体包括壳体、端盖、电极组件和电解液。
电极组件由正极极片、负极极片和隔离件组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子穿过隔离件在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来产生电流。
壳体和端盖一般为金属件，例如铝、铝合金等，壳体具有容纳腔，电极组件和电解液均容纳于壳体的容纳腔内，容纳腔具有开口，端盖在开口处与壳体焊接，用于将电极组件和电解液密封在壳体内。
在电池单体的制造过程中，为了使电极组件和壳体之间绝缘而在电极组件与壳体之间设置绝缘膜，绝缘膜包裹电极组件，从而防止电极组件与壳体内壁接触而发生短路。
发明人发现，端盖在和壳体焊接时常常会有爆点及针孔出现，从而直接影响电池单体的质量，甚至导致电池单体的报废。
发明人经过研究发现，绝缘膜靠近端盖边缘的位置有被融化的痕迹，经过实验发现，引发电池单体的端盖和壳体之间的焊缝处出现爆点和针孔的原因是，绝缘膜与端盖边缘过分靠近而导致在焊接的过程中较高的焊接温度使得绝缘膜被气化，绝缘膜气化产生的气体需要通过焊接熔池溢出，从而冲破熔池，使得熔池凝固之后形成的焊缝处出现爆点、针孔的缺陷。
而绝缘膜之所以与端盖边缘过分靠近是因为绝缘膜的设置需要实现电极组件与壳体的隔离，如果绝缘膜距离端盖过远，则有可能导致绝缘膜对电极组件防护不全面，使得电极组件在靠近端盖处与外壳有接触的可能性。
因此，需要控制绝缘膜与端盖之间的距离，使得绝缘膜既能较为全面的防护电极组件，又不会在焊接端盖与壳体的过程中被气化。
但是，由于绝缘膜围成的形状常常不是规则的立方体，因此，绝缘膜在靠近端盖的一端并不能做到平齐，这使得绝缘膜靠近端盖一端的不同位置与端盖之间的距离不同，在保证绝缘膜能够完全包裹电极组件的前提下，绝缘膜的某些位置可能会延伸到端盖的边缘或者过分靠近端 盖的边缘，并干涉端盖与壳体的焊接，且在焊接过程中气化而使焊缝处产生爆点和针孔缺陷。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池和用电装置，其通过在电池单体的绝缘膜上设置第一避让结构，通过第一避让结构而防止绝缘膜的某些位置延伸到端盖的边缘或者过分靠近端盖的边缘，从而减少端盖和壳体焊接过程中的爆点和针孔的出现。
本申请实施例中的电池可以适用于各种使用电池的装置，例如，手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动玩具、电动工具、电动车辆、船舶和航天器等，例如，航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等，但不限于此。
如图1所示，图1为本申请一实施例提供的一种用电装置的结构示意图，以用电装置为汽车2为例进行说明，汽车2可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。汽车2包括电池200、控制器210和马达220。电池200用于向控制器210和马达220供电，作为汽车2的操作电源和驱动电源，例如，电池200用于汽车2的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需求。例如，电池200向控制器210供电，控制器210控制电池200向马达220供电，马达220接收并使用电池200的电力作为汽车2的驱动电源，替代或部分地替代燃油或天然气为汽车2提供驱动动力。
如图2所示，为了使得电池200达到较高的功能以满足使用需求，电池200可以包括相互电连接的多个电池模块300和箱体，箱体包括第一箱体201和第二箱体202，其中，第一箱体201和第二箱体202相互扣合，多个电池模块300排布在第一箱体201和第二箱体202围合形成的空间内。第一箱体201和第二箱体202可由铝、铝合金或其它金属材料制成。在一些实施例中，第一箱体201和第二箱体202密封连接。
如图2所示，电池模块300可以包括一个或多个电池单体400，当电池模块300包括多个电池单体400时，多个电池单体400可以通过串联、并联或混联的方式电连接以实现较大的电流或电压，其中，混联是指串联和并联的组合。另外，多个电池单体400可以按照预定规则排 列，如图2所示，电池单体400可立放，电池单体400的高度方向与Z方向一致，多个电池单体400沿Y方向并排设置；或者，电池单体400可以平放，电池单体400的宽度方向与Z方向一致，多个电池单体400沿Z方向可以堆叠至少一层，每一层包括沿X方向或Y方向排列的多个电池单体400。
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种电池单体的爆炸图，如图3所示，本申请实施例提供的电池单体400包括壳体410、端盖420、电极组件430、绝缘件440和绝缘膜450；壳体410具有容纳腔且至少一端开口；端盖420封闭开口；电极组件430容纳于容纳腔内，电极组件430具有沿第一方向相对设置的两个第一表面431和沿第二方向相对设置的两个第二表面432，第一方向与第二方向平行于端盖420；绝缘件440设置于端盖420靠近电极组件430一侧，以隔离端盖420与电极组件430；绝缘膜450围设于电极组件430和绝缘件440的外周，绝缘膜450包括两个第一覆盖区451和两个第二覆盖区452，两个第一覆盖区451分别对应两个第一表面431设置，两个第二覆盖区452分别对应两个第二表面432设置，沿电极组件430靠近端盖420的方向，两个第一覆盖区451之间的距离递增，和/或，两个第二覆盖区452之间的距离递增；第二覆盖区452靠近绝缘件440的端部设有第一避让结构4521，以防止绝缘膜450干涉端盖420与壳体410的连接。
电极组件430由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体400主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量 为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为聚丙烯(Polypropylene，PP)或聚乙烯(polyethylene，PE)等。此外，电极组件430可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
如图3所示，第一方向可以是图中的Y方向，第二方向可以是图中的X方向，相应的，电极组件430的第一表面431可以是图中沿Y方向相对设置的两个表面，电极组件430的第二表面432可以是图中沿X方向相对设置的两个表面，当然了，第一方向与第二方向也可以对调，这样一来，电极组件430的第一表面431可以是图中沿X方向相对设置的两个表面，电极组件430的第二表面432可以是图中沿Y方向相对设置的两个表面。可以理解的是，两个第一表面431之间并不一定是正对设置，两个第一表面431之间也可以有一定的夹角，同样的，两个第二表面432之间也可以不是正对设置，二者之间可以具有一定的夹角。
壳体410内部具有容纳腔而形成中空腔体结构，壳体410的其中一个面具有开口，即该平面不具有壳体壁而使得容纳腔与壳体410外部相通，以便电极组件430可以收容于容纳腔内，端盖420在壳体410的开口处与壳体410结合，电极组件430放置于容纳腔后，容纳腔内填充电解液并密封。壳体410根据一个或多个电极组件430组合后的形状而定，例如，壳体410可以为中空长方体或中空正方体，壳体410的容纳腔的大小根据组合后的电极组件430的数量和大小进行确定。壳体410可由金属材料或塑料制成，可选地，壳体410由铝或铝合金制成。
端盖420基本呈平板状，端盖420于壳体410的开口处与壳体410结合并覆盖壳体410的开口，例如，端盖420可为金属板，且通过焊接的方式连接于壳体410，从而将电极组件430密封在壳体410内。端盖420上设置有两个电极端子421，两个电极端子421分别为正极端子和负极端子，正极端子和电极组件430的正极极耳连接，负极端子和电极组件430的负极极耳连接，当用电装置与正极端子和负极端子连接时，电流在电极组件430与用电装置之间通过正极端子和负极端子流入或流出，实现电池单体400与用电装置之间的电连接。
绝缘件440设置在端盖420靠近电极组件430的一侧，绝缘件440可 以连接在端盖420上，例如，绝缘件440采用热熔或粘接的方式连接在端盖420上，绝缘件440的材质可以是塑料、橡胶、树脂、或陶瓷等，本申请实施例对此不做限定。绝缘件440的形状可以是与端盖420的形状基本相同的平板状，绝缘件440隔离在端盖420和电极组件430之间，以防止电极组件430与端盖420之间接触而短路。绝缘件440的边缘位于端盖420的边缘以内，以防止绝缘件440影响端盖420与壳体410的开口之间的连接。
绝缘膜450的材质包括聚酰亚胺、聚乙烯、聚偏二氟乙烯和聚四氟乙烯中的一种或多种，绝缘膜450包覆在电极组件430表面，以将电极组件430与壳体410隔开，绝缘膜450可以呈筒状包覆在电极组件430的外周壁上，其中电极组件430的两个第一表面431和两个第二表面432均属于电极组件430的外周壁的一部分。当绝缘膜450呈筒状包覆在电极组件430的外周壁上时，绝缘膜450在筒状结构的周向上具有末端，末端可以有一对或多对，每对绝缘膜450的末端相对接，其中，对接可以是直接连接，也可以仅仅是在位置上相互靠近或相互重叠。
当电极组件430在使用过程中发生膨胀后，可能与壳体410接触并产生挤压力，绝缘膜450的设置能够防止壳体410与电极组件430之间直接接触而导致短路，同时，还能够防止在挤压力过大的情况下，壳体410直接挤压电极组件430而导致电极组件430的极片发生断裂，因此，绝缘膜450的使用能够对电极组件430形成良好的保护，提高电池单体400的使用安全性和延长电池单体400的使用寿命。
第一覆盖区451对应第一表面431是指第一覆盖区451至少部分位于第一表面431外部。需要注意的是，第一覆盖区451可以与第一表面431贴合，也可以不与第一表面431贴合，同样的，第二覆盖区452可以与第二表面432贴合，也可以不与第二表面432贴合。第一覆盖区451从第一表面431外部延伸到绝缘件440外部，第二覆盖区452从第二表面432外部延伸到绝缘件440外部，从而使绝缘膜450将电极组件430和绝缘件440围设在内，电极组件430被限定在绝缘膜450和绝缘件440之间，既不与壳体410接触，也不与端盖420接触，防止电池单体400短路。
第一避让结构4521可以是通过将绝缘膜450靠近端盖420的一端切除形成，也可以是将绝缘膜450靠近端盖420处向远离端盖420的方向上弯折 形成，只要能够防止绝缘膜450过分靠近端盖420即可。
由于沿电极组件430靠近端盖420的方向上，两个第一覆盖区451之间的距离递增，和/或两个第二覆盖区452之间的距离递增，因此当绝缘膜450围设于电极组件430和绝缘件440的外周时，第一覆盖区451和/或第二覆盖区452呈梯形，导致沿绝缘膜450的围设方向上、包含有绝缘膜450的末端的第二覆盖区452在靠近绝缘件440的端部可能延伸至端盖420，并与端盖420之间发生干涉，在端盖420与壳体410焊接的过程中，较高的焊接温度使绝缘膜450气化而产生气体，气体通过焊接熔池外溢，导致焊缝处出现爆点和针孔。
因此，本申请实施例通过在第二覆盖区452靠近绝缘件440的端部设置第一避让结构4521，能够防止绝缘膜450干涉端盖420与壳体410的连接，从而防止绝缘膜450与焊接熔池过分靠近而在焊接过程中气化，从而减少或避免在端盖420与壳体410间的焊缝处出现爆点和针孔的问题，提高了电池单体400的质量。
在一些实施例中，两个第二覆盖区452分别连接于一个第一覆盖区451的两侧。
其中第一覆盖区451的两侧具体是指第一覆盖区451沿第二方向的两侧。
通过采用上述方案，在绝缘膜450的围设方向上，两个第二覆盖区452分别包含一个绝缘膜450的末端，而绝缘膜450的末端是最有可能出现与端盖420干涉的情况，恰好在此处设置有第一避让结构4521，从而更大程度的防止或避免绝缘膜450干涉端盖420与壳体410的连接。
在一些实施例中，第一避让结构4521设于第二覆盖区452远离与之相连的第一覆盖区451的端部。
具体的，第一避让结构4521设置于第二覆盖区452远离与之相连的第一覆盖区451的端部，且位于第二覆盖区452靠近端盖420的一端。
通过采用上述方案，当第二覆盖区452与第一覆盖区451相连时，绝缘膜450的末端位于第二覆盖区452远离与之相连的第一覆盖区451的端部，将第一避让结构4521设置在此处，从而最大程度的防止或避免绝缘膜450干涉端盖420与壳体410的连接。
如图4、图5、图6、图7和图8所示，在一些实施例中，第一避让结构4521为倒角或缺口。
图4为本申请实施例中的第一避让结构为倒角的结构，图5为图4中A部分的放大结构示意图，图6为图4中绝缘膜的展开结构示意图，图中的第一避让结构4521为倒角，如图5和图6所示，倒角是指具有一个连续的裁切边界、且该裁切边界作为绝缘膜450的边缘的一部分的结构，倒角可以是斜角或圆角，当然，倒角也不必严格按照常规的样式设置，只要接近于斜角或圆角，均可以认为是倒角。倒角的范围与绝缘膜450靠近端盖420一端距离端盖420的远近程度相关，绝缘膜450与端盖420相距越近，倒角的范围越大，绝缘膜450与端盖420相距越远，倒角的范围越小。
图7为本申请实施例中的第一避让结构4521为缺口的结构，图8为图7中B部分的放大结构示意图，如图8所示，缺口可以是具有多个裁切边界、且多个裁切边界两两相交、每个裁切边界均作为绝缘膜450的边缘的一部分的结构，缺口的范围与绝缘膜450靠近端盖420一端距离端盖420的远近程度相关，绝缘膜450与端盖420相距越近，缺口的范围越大，绝缘膜450与端盖420相距越远，缺口的范围越小。
通过采用上述方案，倒角或者缺口都是在绝缘膜450上通过去除材料的方式形成的结构，因此这两种结构都能通过减小绝缘膜450的尺寸而防止绝缘膜450干涉端盖420与壳体410之间的连接。
如图5和图8所示，在一些实施例中，第一避让结构4521沿绝缘件440的厚度方向的尺寸d小于与绝缘膜450连接处的绝缘件440的厚度D。
通过采用上述方案，第一避让结构4521使得绝缘膜450不会从绝缘件440延伸到端盖420而干涉端盖420与壳体410之间的连接，但是第一避让结构4521不会影响绝缘膜450与绝缘件440的连接，使得绝缘膜450能够与绝缘件440连接而对电极组件430形成包裹状态，进一步防止电极组件430与壳体410绝缘。
在一些实施例中，沿电极组件430靠近端盖420的方向，绝缘膜450不超过绝缘件440。
绝缘膜450不超过绝缘件440包括绝缘膜450的边缘位于绝缘件440范围内和绝缘膜450的边缘与绝缘件440的边缘平齐两种情况。需要注意 的是，绝缘膜450的边缘可以是朝端盖420方向延伸，并由于长度较短而无法超出绝缘件440的范围；或者绝缘膜450也可以朝端盖420方向延伸并在到达绝缘件440与端盖420相交的边缘后，由于抵在端盖420上而弯曲，该弯曲的方向可以沿端盖420靠近绝缘件440一侧的表面弯曲，也可以是朝电极组件430的方向上弯曲，只要绝缘膜450不延伸到端盖420与壳体410焊接的边缘处即可。
通过采用上述方案，由于绝缘膜450沿电极组件430靠近端盖420的方向上不超过绝缘件440，因此，绝缘膜450不会延伸到端盖420的边缘，从而不会干涉端盖420与壳体410之间的焊接。
如图4、图5、图6、图7和图8所示，在一些实施例中，绝缘膜450还包括两个第三覆盖区453，两个第三覆盖区453分别连接于另一个第一覆盖区451的两侧，且两个第三覆盖区453分别对应两个第二表面432设置，一个第三覆盖区453与一个第二覆盖区452共同覆盖一个第二表面432，另一个第三覆盖区453与另一个第二覆盖区452共同覆盖另一个第二表面432，第三覆盖区453靠近绝缘件440的端部设有第二避让结构4531，以防止绝缘膜450干涉端盖420与壳体410的连接。
结合前述各实施例，可以理解的是，绝缘膜450具有两个第一覆盖区451、两个第二覆盖区452和两个第三覆盖区453，且两个第二覆盖区452分别连接于一个第一覆盖区451的两侧，两个第三覆盖区453分别连接于另一个第一覆盖区451的两侧，具体的，两个第三覆盖区453分别连接于另一个第一覆盖区451沿第二方向的两侧。
需要注意的是，第三覆盖区453可以与第二表面432贴合，也可以不与第二表面432贴合，并且，第三覆盖区453沿第一方向的宽度可以大于第二表面432沿第一方向的宽度，也可以小于第二表面432沿第一方向的宽度。
第二避让结构4531可以是通过将第三覆盖区453靠近端盖420的一端切除形成，也可以是将第三覆盖区453靠近端盖420处向远离端盖420的方向上弯折形成，只要能够防止绝缘膜450过分靠近端盖420即可。
通过采用上述方案，当第三覆盖区453与第一覆盖区451相连时，在绝缘膜450的围设方向上，绝缘膜450另有两个末端位于第三覆盖区453，将第二避让结构4531设置在此处，能够防止第三覆盖区453干涉端盖420 与壳体410的连接，从而防止第三覆盖区453与焊接熔池过分靠近而在焊接过程中气化，从而减少或避免在端盖420与壳体410间的焊缝处出现爆点和针孔的问题，提高了电池单体400的质量。
在一些实施例中，第二避让结构4531设于第三覆盖区453远离与之相连的第一覆盖区451的端部。
具体的，第二避让结构4531设置于第三覆盖区453远离与之相连的第一覆盖区451的端部，且位于第三覆盖区453靠近端盖420的一端。
通过采用上述方案，当第三覆盖区453与第一覆盖区451相连时，绝缘膜450的末端位于第三覆盖区453远离与之相连的第一覆盖区451的端部，将第二避让结构4531设置在此处，从而最大程度的防止或避免第三覆盖区453干涉端盖420与壳体410的连接。
如图4、图5、图6、图7和图8所示，在一些实施例中，第二避让结构4531为倒角或缺口。
图4、图5和图6中示出的第二避让结构4531为倒角，如图5和图6所示，倒角是指具有一个连续的裁切边界、且该裁切边界作为绝缘膜450的边缘的一部分的结构，倒角可以是斜角或圆角，当然，倒角也不必严格按照常规的样式设置，只要接近于斜角或圆角，均可以认为是倒角。倒角的范围与绝缘膜450靠近端盖420一端距离端盖420的远近程度相关，绝缘膜450与端盖420相距越近，倒角的范围越大，绝缘膜450与端盖420相距越远，倒角的范围越小。
图7和图8中示出的第二避让结构4531为缺口，如图7和图8所示，缺口可以是具有多个裁切边界、且多个裁切边界两两相交、每个裁切边界均作为绝缘膜450的边缘的一部分的结构，缺口的范围与绝缘膜450靠近端盖420一端距离端盖420的远近程度相关，绝缘膜450与端盖420相距越近，缺口的范围越大，绝缘膜450与端盖420相距越远，缺口的范围越小。
通过采用上述方案，倒角或者缺口都是在绝缘膜450上通过去除材料的方式在第三覆盖区453形成的结构，因此这两种结构都能通过减小绝缘膜450的尺寸而防止绝缘膜450干涉端盖420与壳体410之间的连接。
如图4、图5、图7和图8所示，在一些实施例中，第二覆盖区452与第三覆盖区453至少部分重叠。
当第二覆盖区452与第三覆盖区453至少部分重叠时，在任意一个第二表面432对应处均可以是第二覆盖区452位于第三覆盖区453与第二表面432之间，也可以是第三覆盖区453位于第二覆盖区452与第二表面432之间。此外，对第一覆盖区451与第二覆盖区452的重叠面积也不做限定。
通过采用上述方案，通过第三覆盖区453与第二覆盖区452重叠而避免绝缘膜450出现缝隙，从而防止绝缘膜450对电极组件430无法完全覆盖而使得电极组件430与外壳在绝缘膜450的缝隙处接触。
如图5和图8所示，在一些实施例中，第二避让结构4531与第一避让结构4521至少部分重叠。
在第二覆盖区452与第三覆盖区453至少部分重叠的情况下，第二覆盖区452与第三覆盖区453能够干涉端盖420与壳体410连接的位置基本一致，因此，通过设置第二避让结构4531与第一避让结构4521至少部分重叠，能够使第二覆盖区452与第三覆盖区453均不干涉端盖420和壳体410的连接。
图9为一种电极组件与绝缘膜的爆炸结构示意图，如图9所示，在一些实施例中，第二表面432沿第一方向的宽度小于第一表面431沿第二方向的宽度。
通过采用上述方案，第二表面432比第一表面431窄，在电极组件430充放电过程中发生膨胀时，第二表面432的膨胀量小于第一表面431的膨胀量，而第二覆盖区452对应于第二表面432，且第一避让结构4521位于第二表面432上，因此，第一避让结构4521与第二表面432相对应，当电极组件430发生膨胀时，第二表面432由于膨胀量较小而不会从第一避让结构4521处撑破隔离膜，从而不会与外壳接触。
图10为本申请一实施例中的绝缘膜在展开状态下的结构示意图，其中第一避让结构4521为缺口，如图6、图9和图10所示，在一些实施例中，绝缘膜450还包括第四覆盖区454，第四覆盖区454连接于两个第一覆盖区451之间，且覆盖电极组件430远离端盖420的端面。
从图6和图9可以看出，不同覆盖区之间具有折痕，组装到电池单体400时，可以将绝缘膜450沿折痕折叠，以使绝缘膜450对电极组件430形成立体包裹状态(如图8所示)，且绝缘膜450能够包裹电极组件430的五个 面。
通过采用上述方案，电极组件430与壳体410之间被绝缘膜450较为全面的隔离，防止电极组件430在任一位置与壳体410接触。
在一些实施例中，绝缘膜450与绝缘件440外周壁热熔连接。
热熔连接是指非金属与非金属之间经过加热升温至熔点后通过液相混合而连接在一起的一种连接方式。在本申请实施例中，被连接的两个非金属部件分别是绝缘膜450和绝缘件440，其中，绝缘膜450与绝缘件440可以周圈连续连接，也可以断续连接。
通过采用上述方案，热熔连接的方式能够快速实现绝缘膜450与绝缘件440之间的连接，提高了连接效率，且无需使用其他介质连接，节约了成本。
在一些实施例中，绝缘件440沿第一方向的尺寸大于两个第一表面431之间的距离，和/或，绝缘件440沿第二方向的尺寸大于两个第二表面432之间的距离。
通过采用上述方案，为了使绝缘膜450能够同时覆盖电极组件430和绝缘件440的同一侧的表面，沿电极组件430靠近端盖420的方向，两个第一覆盖区451之间的距离递增，和/或，两个第二覆盖区452之间的距离递增。其中，当绝缘件440沿第一方向的尺寸大于两个第一表面431之间的距离时，沿电极组件430靠近端盖420的方向上，两个第一覆盖区451之间的距离递增；当绝缘件440沿第二方向的尺寸大于两个第二表面432之间的距离时，沿电极组件430靠近端盖420的方向上，两个第二覆盖区452之间的距离递增；当绝缘件440沿第一方向的尺寸大于两个第一表面431之间的距离，且绝缘件440沿第二方向的尺寸大于两个第二表面432之间的距离时，两个第一覆盖区451之间的距离和两个第二覆盖区452之间的距离均递增，从而使绝缘膜450从电极组件430外部延伸至绝缘件440外部，并靠近绝缘件440，进而与绝缘件440连接。
在一些实施例中，沿电极组件430靠近端盖420的方向，两个第一表面431之间的距离递增，和/或，两个第二表面432之间的距离递增。
通过采用上述方案，为了适应电极组件430的两个第一表面431和/或两个第二表面432之间的距离变化而使绝缘膜450在沿电极组件430靠近端 盖420的方向，两个第一覆盖区451之间的距离递增，和/或，两个第二覆盖区452之间的距离递增。其中，当沿电极组件430靠近端盖420的方向，两个第一表面431之间的距离递增时，绝缘膜450的两个第一覆盖区451之间的距离递增；当沿电极组件430靠近端盖420的方向，两个第二表面432之间的距离递增时，绝缘膜450的两个第二覆盖区452之间的距离递增；当沿电极组件430靠近端盖420的方向，两个第一表面431之间的距离递增，且两个第二表面432之间的距离递增时，绝缘膜450的两个第一覆盖区451之间的距离和两个第二覆盖区452之间的距离均递增，从而使绝缘膜450适应电极组件430的形状而包裹电极组件430。
本申请实施例提供了一种电池200，包括上述任一实施例的电池单体400。
通过采用上述方案，电池单体400的端盖420与壳体410之间的焊缝处不会出现爆点和针孔，或者爆点和针孔出现的概率较小，提高了电池单体400的质量，从而提高了电池200的质量。
本申请实施例还提供了一种用电装置，包括上述任一实施例的电池单体400，电池单体400用于提供电能。
通过采用上述方案，电池单体400的端盖420与壳体410之间的焊缝处不会出现爆点和针孔，或者爆点和针孔出现的概率较小，提高了电池单体400的质量，使电池单体400能够长时间为用电装置供电，且用电装置的使用寿命和安全型都得到了提高。
如图11所示，本申请实施例还提供了一种电池单体400的制造方法，包括以下步骤：
S110：提供壳体410，壳体410具有容纳腔且至少一端开口。
S120：提供端盖420以及绝缘件440，绝缘件440设置于端盖420一侧。
S130：提供电极组件430，电极组件430具有沿第一方向相对设置的两个第一表面431和沿第二方向相对设置的两个第二表面432。
S140：组装端盖420、绝缘件440和电极组件430，使端盖420平行于第一方向与第二方向，且绝缘件440位于端盖420靠近电极组件430的一侧，以隔离端盖420和电极组件430。
S150：提供绝缘膜450，将绝缘膜450围设于电极组件430和绝缘件440的外周，绝缘膜450包括两个第一覆盖区451和两个第二覆盖区452，两个第一覆盖区451分别对应两个第一表面431设置，两个第二覆盖区452分别对应两个第二表面432设置，沿电极组件430靠近端盖420的方向，两个第一覆盖区451之间的距离递增，和/或，两个第二覆盖区452之间的距离递增；第二覆盖区452靠近绝缘件440的端部设有第一避让结构4521，以防止绝缘膜450干涉端盖420与壳体410的连接。
S160：将电极组件430容纳于容纳腔内。
S170：将端盖420与壳体410连接，以封闭开口。
上述各步骤的顺序并非完全按照上述排列顺序进行，在实际制造电池单体400的过程中，可以根据实际情况对上述步骤的顺序进行调整，或者同步进行，或者加入其它步骤以制造电池单体400的其他部件，以最终获得需要的电池单体400，例如，步骤S110、S120和S130之间的顺序可以调整或同步进行。具体参照电池单体400部分的实施例。
此外，任何可以制造相关部件和连接相关部件的方法均落入本申请实施例的保护范围内，本申请实施例在此不再冗述。
通过采用上述方法，在确保电极组件430与端盖420和壳体410之间具有良好的绝缘效果的前提下，通过在第二覆盖区452靠近绝缘件440的端部设置第一避让结构4521，能够防止绝缘膜450干涉端盖420与壳体410的连接，从而防止绝缘膜450与焊接熔池过分靠近而在焊接过程中气化，从而减少或避免在端盖420与壳体410间的焊缝处出现爆点和针孔的问题，提高了制造出的电池单体400的质量。
如图12所示，本申请实施例还提供了一种电池单体的制造设备，包括以下装置：
第一提供装置510，用于提供壳体410，壳体410具有容纳腔且至少一端开口。
第二提供装置520，用于提供端盖420以及绝缘件440，绝缘件440设置于端盖420一侧。
第三提供装置530，用于提供电极组件430，电极组件430具有沿第一方向相对设置的两个第一表面431和沿第二方向相对设置的两个第二表面 432。
第一组装装置540，用于组装端盖420、绝缘件440和电极组件430，使端盖420平行于第一方向与第二方向，且绝缘件440位于端盖420靠近电极组件430的一侧，以隔离端盖420和电极组件430。
第四提供装置550，用于提供绝缘膜450，且用于将绝缘膜450围设于电极组件430和绝缘件440的外周，绝缘膜450包括两个第一覆盖区451和两个第二覆盖区452，两个第一覆盖区451分别对应两个第一表面431设置，两个第二覆盖区452分别对应两个第二表面432设置，沿电极组件430靠近端盖420的方向，两个第一覆盖区451之间的距离递增，和/或，两个第二覆盖区452之间的距离递增；第二覆盖区452靠近绝缘件440的端部设有第一避让结构4521，以防止绝缘膜450干涉端盖420与壳体410的连接。
第二组装装置560，用于将电极组件430容纳于容纳腔内。
第三组装装置570，用于将端盖420与壳体410连接，以封闭开口。
通过采用上述设备，第二装置520提供的绝缘件440使得电极组件430与端盖420之间具有良好的绝缘，第五装置550提供的绝缘膜450使得电极组件430与壳体410之间具有良好的绝缘，在确保电极组件430与端盖420和壳体410之间具有良好的绝缘效果的前提下，通过在第二覆盖区452靠近绝缘件440的端部设置第一避让结构4521，能够防止绝缘膜450干涉端盖420与壳体410的连接，从而防止绝缘膜450与焊接熔池过分靠近而在焊接过程中气化，从而减少或避免在端盖420与壳体410间的焊缝处出现爆点和针孔的问题，提高了制造出的电池单体400的质量。
综上所述，本申请实施例通过在第二覆盖区452靠近绝缘件440的端部设置第一避让结构4521，能够防止绝缘膜450干涉端盖420与壳体410的连接，从而防止绝缘膜450与焊接熔池过分靠近而在焊接过程中气化，从而减少或避免在端盖420与壳体410间的焊缝处出现爆点和针孔的问题，提高了电池单体400的质量。
本领域的技术人员能够理解，尽管在此的一些实施例包括其它实施例中所包括的某些特征，但是不同实施例的特征的组合意味着处于本申请的范围之内并且形成不同的实施例。例如，在权利要求书中，所要求保护的实施例的任意之一都可以以任意的组合方式来使用。
以上所述，以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种电池单体，包括：
    壳体，具有容纳腔且至少一端开口；
    端盖，封闭所述开口；
    电极组件，容纳于所述容纳腔内，所述电极组件具有沿第一方向相对设置的两个第一表面和沿第二方向相对设置的两个第二表面，所述第一方向与所述第二方向平行于所述端盖；
    绝缘件，设置于所述端盖靠近所述电极组件一侧，以隔离所述端盖与所述电极组件；以及
    绝缘膜，围设于所述电极组件和所述绝缘件的外周，所述绝缘膜包括两个第一覆盖区和两个第二覆盖区，两个所述第一覆盖区分别对应两个所述第一表面设置，两个所述第二覆盖区分别对应两个所述第二表面设置，沿所述电极组件靠近所述端盖的方向，所述两个第一覆盖区之间的距离递增，和/或，所述两个第二覆盖区之间的距离递增；
    所述第二覆盖区靠近所述绝缘件的端部设有第一避让结构，以防止所述绝缘膜干涉所述端盖与所述壳体的连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，两个所述第二覆盖区分别连接于一个所述第一覆盖区的两侧。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体，所述第一避让结构设于所述第二覆盖区远离与之相连的所述第一覆盖区的端部。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的电池单体，所述第一避让结构为倒角或缺口。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电池单体，所述第一避让结构沿所述绝缘件的厚度方向的尺寸小于与所述绝缘膜连接处的所述绝缘件的厚度。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的电池单体，沿所述电极组件靠近所述端盖的方向，所述绝缘膜不超过所述绝缘件。
  7. 根据权利要求2-6任一项所述的电池单体，所述绝缘膜还包括两个第三覆盖区，两个所述第三覆盖区分别连接于另一个所述第一覆盖区的两侧，且两个所述第三覆盖区分别对应两个所述第二表面设置，一个 所述第三覆盖区与一个所述第二覆盖区共同覆盖一个所述第二表面，另一个所述第三覆盖区与另一个所述第二覆盖区共同覆盖另一个所述第二表面，所述第三覆盖区靠近所述绝缘件的端部设有第二避让结构，以防止所述绝缘膜干涉所述端盖与所述壳体的连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池单体，所述第二避让结构设于所述第三覆盖区远离与之相连的所述第一覆盖区的端部。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的电池单体，所述第二避让结构为倒角或缺口。
  10. 根据权利要求7-9任一项所述的电池单体，所述第二覆盖区与所述第三覆盖区至少部分重叠。
  11. 根据权利要求7-10任一项所述的电池单体，所述第二避让结构与所述第一避让结构至少部分重叠。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的电池单体，所述第二表面沿所述第一方向的宽度小于所述第一表面沿所述第二方向的宽度。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的电池单体，所述绝缘膜还包括第四覆盖区，所述第四覆盖区连接于两个所述第一覆盖区之间，且覆盖所述电极组件远离所述端盖的端面。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的电池单体，所述绝缘膜与所述绝缘件外周壁热熔连接。
  15. 根据权利要求1-14任一项所述的电池单体，所述绝缘件沿所述第一方向的尺寸大于所述两个第一表面之间的距离，和/或，所述绝缘件沿所述第二方向的尺寸大于所述两个第二表面之间的距离。
  16. 一种电池，包括权利要求1-15任一项所述的电池单体。
  17. 一种用电装置，包括权利要求1-15任一项所述的电池单体，所述电池单体用于提供电能。
  18. 一种电池单体的制造方法，包括：
    提供壳体，所述壳体具有容纳腔且至少一端开口；
    提供端盖以及绝缘件，所述绝缘件设置于所述端盖一侧；
    提供电极组件，所述电极组件具有沿第一方向相对设置的两个第一表面和沿第二方向相对设置的两个第二表面；
    组装所述端盖、所述绝缘件和所述电极组件，使所述端盖平行于所述第一方向与所述第二方向，且所述绝缘件位于所述端盖靠近所述电极组件的一侧，以隔离所述端盖和所述电极组件；
    提供绝缘膜，将所述绝缘膜围设于所述电极组件和所述绝缘件的外周，所述绝缘膜包括两个第一覆盖区和两个第二覆盖区，两个所述第一覆盖区分别对应两个所述第一表面设置，两个所述第二覆盖区分别对应两个所述第二表面设置，沿所述电极组件靠近所述端盖的方向，所述两个第一覆盖区之间的距离递增，和/或，所述两个第二覆盖区之间的距离递增；所述第二覆盖区靠近所述绝缘件的端部设有第一避让结构，以防止所述绝缘膜干涉所述端盖与所述壳体的连接；
    将所述电极组件容纳于所述容纳腔内；
    将所述端盖与所述壳体连接，以封闭所述开口。
  19. 一种电池单体的制造设备，包括：
    第一提供装置，用于提供壳体，所述壳体具有容纳腔且至少一端开口；
    第二提供装置，用于提供端盖以及绝缘件，所述绝缘件设置于所述端盖一侧；
    第三提供装置，用于提供电极组件，所述电极组件具有沿第一方向相对设置的两个第一表面和沿第二方向相对设置的两个第二表面；
    第一组装装置，用于组装所述端盖、所述绝缘件和所述电极组件，使所述端盖平行于所述第一方向与所述第二方向，且所述绝缘件位于所述端盖靠近所述电极组件的一侧，以隔离所述端盖和所述电极组件；
    第四提供装置，用于提供绝缘膜，且用于将所述绝缘膜围设于所述电极组件和所述绝缘件的外周，所述绝缘膜包括两个第一覆盖区和两个第二覆盖区，两个所述第一覆盖区分别对应两个所述第一表面设置，两个所述第二覆盖区分别对应两个所述第二表面设置，沿所述电极组件靠近所述端盖的方向，所述两个第一覆盖区之间的距离递增，和/或，所述两个第二覆盖区之间的距离递增；所述第二覆盖区靠近所述绝缘件的端部设有第一避让结构，以防止所述绝缘膜干涉所述端盖与所述壳体的连接；
    第二组装装置，用于将所述电极组件容纳于所述容纳腔内；
    第三组装装置，用于将所述端盖与所述壳体连接，以封闭所述开口。
PCT/CN2021/142123 2021-12-28 2021-12-28 电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池和用电装置 Ceased WO2023122971A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2021/142123 WO2023122971A1 (zh) 2021-12-28 2021-12-28 电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池和用电装置
CN202180092456.3A CN116806393A (zh) 2021-12-28 2021-12-28 电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池和用电装置
EP21969350.4A EP4407784A4 (en) 2021-12-28 2021-12-28 BATTERY CELL AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING SAME, BATTERY AND ELECTRICAL DEVICE
US18/409,795 US20240154278A1 (en) 2021-12-28 2024-01-11 Battery cell, method and apparatus for manufacture same, battery, and power consuming device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2021/142123 WO2023122971A1 (zh) 2021-12-28 2021-12-28 电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池和用电装置

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US18/409,795 Continuation US20240154278A1 (en) 2021-12-28 2024-01-11 Battery cell, method and apparatus for manufacture same, battery, and power consuming device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023122971A1 true WO2023122971A1 (zh) 2023-07-06

Family

ID=86996930

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2021/142123 Ceased WO2023122971A1 (zh) 2021-12-28 2021-12-28 电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池和用电装置

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20240154278A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP4407784A4 (zh)
CN (1) CN116806393A (zh)
WO (1) WO2023122971A1 (zh)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116565473A (zh) * 2023-07-12 2023-08-08 宁德新能源科技有限公司 电池、电子设备及极性引出方法
CN116759762A (zh) * 2023-08-16 2023-09-15 深圳海辰储能控制技术有限公司 储能装置和用电设备
WO2025010825A1 (zh) * 2023-07-07 2025-01-16 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池和用电装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN211980650U (zh) * 2020-05-08 2020-11-20 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池、电池包和车辆
CN212625795U (zh) * 2020-08-10 2021-02-26 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 一种电子器件
CN213093269U (zh) * 2020-10-21 2021-04-30 东莞塔菲尔新能源科技有限公司 一种电池壳体和电池
CN213340526U (zh) * 2020-10-20 2021-06-01 西安宇动新能源电池有限公司 一种绝缘膜、电芯及锂离子电池
CN216850093U (zh) * 2022-03-16 2022-06-28 中创新航科技股份有限公司 电池及电池组
CN216850028U (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-06-28 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 一种电池

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6596938B2 (ja) * 2015-06-02 2019-10-30 株式会社豊田自動織機 蓄電装置及び蓄電装置の製造方法
JP7031300B2 (ja) * 2017-12-27 2022-03-08 株式会社Ｇｓユアサ 蓄電素子及び蓄電装置
CN110282173A (zh) * 2019-06-20 2019-09-27 湖北金泉新材料有限责任公司 一种卷芯的包覆方法及电池

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN211980650U (zh) * 2020-05-08 2020-11-20 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池、电池包和车辆
CN212625795U (zh) * 2020-08-10 2021-02-26 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 一种电子器件
CN213340526U (zh) * 2020-10-20 2021-06-01 西安宇动新能源电池有限公司 一种绝缘膜、电芯及锂离子电池
CN213093269U (zh) * 2020-10-21 2021-04-30 东莞塔菲尔新能源科技有限公司 一种电池壳体和电池
CN216850028U (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-06-28 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 一种电池
CN216850093U (zh) * 2022-03-16 2022-06-28 中创新航科技股份有限公司 电池及电池组

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2025010825A1 (zh) * 2023-07-07 2025-01-16 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池和用电装置
CN116565473A (zh) * 2023-07-12 2023-08-08 宁德新能源科技有限公司 电池、电子设备及极性引出方法
CN116565473B (zh) * 2023-07-12 2024-03-19 宁德新能源科技有限公司 电池、电子设备及极性引出方法
CN116759762A (zh) * 2023-08-16 2023-09-15 深圳海辰储能控制技术有限公司 储能装置和用电设备
CN116759762B (zh) * 2023-08-16 2023-11-03 深圳海辰储能控制技术有限公司 储能装置和用电设备
US12142798B1 (en) 2023-08-16 2024-11-12 Shenzhen Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co., Ltd. Energy storage device and electricity-consumption device
EP4521499A3 (en) * 2023-08-16 2025-05-21 Hithium Tech HK Limited Energy storage device and electricity-consumption device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20240154278A1 (en) 2024-05-09
EP4407784A1 (en) 2024-07-31
EP4407784A4 (en) 2025-01-01
CN116806393A (zh) 2023-09-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20240154218A1 (en) Battery cell, battery, and electrical apparatus
CN210743995U (zh) 电池单体、电池模块、电池组和装置
CN116745971B (zh) 电池单体、电池、用电装置、电池单体的制造方法及设备
JP2025060917A (ja) 電池セル、電池、電気設備ならびに電池セルの製造方法および設備
CN112768845B (zh) 电池单体及其制造方法和制造系统、电池以及用电装置
JP2023542596A (ja) 電池セル、電池、電力消費機器及び電池製造方法
US20240154278A1 (en) Battery cell, method and apparatus for manufacture same, battery, and power consuming device
WO2023000184A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备
CN115732819B (zh) 电池单体及与其相关电池、装置、制备方法和制备装置
WO2023155674A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池、用电装置、制造电池单体的方法和设备
WO2023097574A1 (zh) 电池单体及其制造方法和设备、电池以及用电装置
WO2023065192A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池、用电装置、电池单体的制造方法及设备
JP2024112609A (ja) 蓄電デバイス
WO2023133823A1 (zh) 绝缘贴片、电池单体、电池及装置
CN116895921B (zh) 电池单体、电池、用电设备及焊接方法
WO2023070970A1 (zh) 端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电装置
CN117134051A (zh) 电池单体、电池和用电装置
WO2023070604A1 (zh) 极耳焊接结构、电池单体及用电设备
US12249723B2 (en) Battery, electric device, and method and device for preparing battery cell
US20240021964A1 (en) Battery and electrode terminal
US20230378574A1 (en) End cover assembly, battery cell, battery, and electric device
WO2023133904A1 (zh) 电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池及用电装置
JP7706431B2 (ja) 電池
US12614822B2 (en) Battery cell, method and system for manufacturing same, battery, and electrical device
US20260051628A1 (en) Battery cell and preparation method thereof, battery, electric apparatus, and energy storage apparatus

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 202180092456.3

Country of ref document: CN

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 21969350

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2021969350

Country of ref document: EP

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2021969350

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20240422

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE