WO2023123217A1 - 一种显示基板和显示装置 - Google Patents

一种显示基板和显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023123217A1
WO2023123217A1 PCT/CN2021/143117 CN2021143117W WO2023123217A1 WO 2023123217 A1 WO2023123217 A1 WO 2023123217A1 CN 2021143117 W CN2021143117 W CN 2021143117W WO 2023123217 A1 WO2023123217 A1 WO 2023123217A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
opening
pixel
pixel opening
green
light
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2021/143117
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张如芹
孔超
祁一歌
曾平川
杨丰
陈静
邹洪运
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Chengdu BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Chengdu BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Application filed by BOE Technology Group Co Ltd, Chengdu BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd filed Critical BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Priority to CN202180004339.7A priority Critical patent/CN116686412A/zh
Priority to EP21969579.8A priority patent/EP4346351A4/en
Priority to US18/579,583 priority patent/US20240324308A1/en
Priority to JP2023577770A priority patent/JP7848246B2/ja
Priority to PCT/CN2021/143117 priority patent/WO2023123217A1/zh
Priority to KR1020237042674A priority patent/KR20240126005A/ko
Publication of WO2023123217A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023123217A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/122—Pixel-defining structures or layers, e.g. banks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H10K59/352—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels the areas of the RGB subpixels being different
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H10K59/353—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels characterised by the geometrical arrangement of the RGB subpixels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/38—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising colour filters or colour changing media [CCM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/40—OLEDs integrated with touch screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/8791—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
    • H10K59/8792—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light comprising light absorbing layers, e.g. black layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass and not covered by groups H10K10/80, H10K30/80, H10K50/80 or H10K59/80
    • H10K77/10—Substrates, e.g. flexible substrates

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of semiconductors, and in particular to a display substrate and a display device.
  • AMOLED Active-matrix organic light-emitting diode
  • AMOLED has the advantages of self-illumination (no need for backlight), simple structure, wide viewing angle, low power consumption, and flexible display. It is currently the most One of the foreground display technologies. Recently, with the continuous innovation and development of large-size and rollable organic light-emitting displays, the requirements for low power consumption in the display field are also increasing. Increasing the transmittance of the upper-layer components of the light-emitting layer can effectively reduce EL power consumption.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display substrate and a display device.
  • the display substrate including:
  • a pixel definition layer is located on one side of the substrate, and has a plurality of pixel openings emitting different colors, and the pixel openings have an orthographic projection of the pixel openings on the substrate;
  • the black matrix is located on the side of the pixel defining layer away from the substrate, including a black matrix opening corresponding to the pixel opening, and the black matrix opening has an orthographic projection of the black matrix opening on the substrate , the orthographic projection of the black matrix opening covers the corresponding orthographic projection of the pixel opening, and the black matrix opening has an opening expansion compared with the pixel opening; at least two positions of the pixel openings with different light emitting colors, at Parallel to the same direction of the substrate, the expansion of the opening is inversely proportional to the orthographic length of the pixel opening.
  • the orthographic projection of the pixel opening is polygonal, the pixel opening includes a first pixel opening that emits light of the first color, and the first pixel opening has a first side extending along a first direction , the length of the first side of the first pixel opening is greater than or equal to the remaining side lengths of the first pixel opening, and greater than or equal to the maximum side length of the pixel openings of the remaining light-emitting colors;
  • At least two positions of the pixel openings that emit light with different colors, in the first direction parallel to the substrate, the expansion of the openings is equal to the length of the orthographic projection of the pixel openings. Inversely proportional.
  • the first pixel opening is a red pixel opening emitting red light
  • the pixel opening further includes: a blue pixel opening emitting blue light, and a green pixel opening emitting green light;
  • One of the blue pixel openings, one of the red pixel openings, and one of the green pixel openings are arranged in sequence along a direction perpendicular to the first direction to form a repeating unit, and a plurality of the repeating units are arranged along a direction perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the directions of the first direction are arranged in sequence to form a row of pixel openings.
  • One red pixel opening, one green pixel opening, and one blue pixel form a repeating unit, and in the repeating unit, the red pixel opening and the green pixel opening are arranged along the first direction cloth, a straight line passing through the center of the blue pixel opening and perpendicular to the first direction is located in the gap between the red pixel opening and the green pixel opening; a plurality of the repeating units are along the line perpendicular to the first direction Directions in one direction are arranged in sequence to form a row of pixel openings.
  • the first pixel opening is a blue pixel opening emitting blue light
  • the pixel opening further includes: a red pixel opening emitting red light, a first green pixel opening emitting green light and second green pixel opening;
  • a red pixel opening, a first green pixel opening, a second green pixel opening, and a blue pixel form a repeating unit, and in the repeating unit, the center of the red pixel opening,
  • the center of the opening of the blue pixel, the center of the opening of the first green pixel, and the center of the opening of the second green pixel form a quadrilateral, two sides of the quadrilateral are parallel to the first direction, and the other two sides are vertical
  • the line connecting the center of the red pixel opening and the center of the blue pixel opening forms the first diagonal of the quadrilateral, and the repeating unit is parallel to the first diagonal
  • the directions are arranged in sequence to form a row of pixel openings.
  • the projection of the pixel opening on the substrate is circular, and the pixel opening includes: a blue pixel opening for emitting blue light, a red pixel opening for emitting red light, and a green pixel opening for emitting green light.
  • a red pixel opening, a first green pixel opening, a second green pixel opening, and a blue pixel opening form a repeating unit, and in the repeating unit, the center of the red pixel opening , the center of the opening of the blue pixel, the center of the opening of the first green pixel, and the center of the opening of the second green pixel form a quadrangle, and the connection between the center of the opening of the red pixel and the center of the opening of the blue pixel forms the On the first diagonal of the quadrilateral, the repeating units are sequentially arranged along a direction parallel to the first diagonal to form a row of pixel openings.
  • the expansion ratio of the openings at at least two pixel openings with different light-emitting colors is equal to the orthographic projection of the pixel openings of the corresponding light-emitting colors.
  • the length ratio is roughly inversely proportional.
  • the expansion of the opening ranges from 2 nm to 10 nm.
  • the display substrate further includes a light-emitting portion located at the pixel opening, and a color filter layer located at a side of the black matrix away from the pixel defining layer; wherein the color filter layer including a color resist located at the opening of the black matrix;
  • the blue-shift lengths of the peak wavelengths of the transmission spectra of different color resistances relative to the peak wavelengths of the emission spectra of the corresponding light-emitting parts are approximately the same.
  • the color resistance includes a red color resistance that filters out red light, a blue color resistance that filters out blue light, and a green color resistance that filters out green light;
  • the brightness attenuation spectrum of the green light emitted through the green color resist is located between the brightness attenuation spectrum of the red light emitted through the red color resist and the brightness attenuation spectrum of the blue light emitted through the blue color resist.
  • the light emitting part includes an organic light emitting layer.
  • the display substrate further includes an encapsulation layer located between the pixel defining layer and the black matrix, and a touch layer located between the encapsulation layer and the black matrix.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display device, which includes the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the angle-of-view comparison of OLED displays with a POL structure and an integrated COE structure;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the comparison of viewing angle luminance attenuation of OLED displays with a POL structure and an integrated COE structure;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of specific parameters comparing the viewing angle characteristics of OLED displays with POL structure and integrated COE structure;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is one of schematic diagrams of pixel openings and black matrix openings provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is the second schematic diagram of a pixel opening and a black matrix opening provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8 is a fourth schematic diagram of a pixel opening and a black matrix opening provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is the fifth schematic diagram of pixel openings and black matrix openings provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is one of the schematic diagrams of pixel structure arrangement provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a pixel structure arrangement of a repeating unit in FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of brightness attenuation at viewing angles when the pixel structure in FIG. 11 is arranged;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a CIE trajectory at a W viewing angle when the pixel structure in FIG. 11 is arranged;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of W viewing angle characteristic parameters when the pixel structure in FIG. 11 is arranged
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a pixel structure arrangement of a repeating unit in FIG. 16;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a pixel structure arrangement of a repeating unit in FIG. 18;
  • FIG. 18 is a third schematic diagram of pixel structure arrangement provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of pixel structure arrangement of a repeating unit in FIG. 20;
  • FIG. 20 is a fourth schematic diagram of pixel structure arrangement provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of the simulation of the brightness attenuation of the viewing angle of white light when the peak position of the green color resistance transmission spectrum moves left and right;
  • Figure 22 is a transmittance spectrum diagram of green color resistance changing with angle
  • Fig. 23 is a schematic diagram of electroluminescence spectrum changing with angle
  • Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of the electroluminescence spectrum and the green color resistance transmission spectrum
  • Fig. 25 is a schematic diagram of light viewing angle brightness attenuation matching of three light colors of red, green and blue.
  • FIG. 1 shows the OLED display with POL structure and integrated COE structure
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the comparison of viewing angle luminance attenuation of OLED displays with POL structure and integrated COE structure
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the specific parameters of the viewing angle characteristics of OLED displays with POL structure and integrated COE structure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display substrate, as shown in FIGS. 4-9 , which includes:
  • the pixel definition layer 2 the pixel definition layer 2 is located on one side of the substrate 1, has a plurality of pixel openings 20 emitting different colors, and the pixel opening 20 has a pixel opening orthographic projection 200 on the substrate 1; specifically, for example, the pixel opening 20 It includes a first pixel opening 21, a second pixel opening 22, and a third pixel opening 23, wherein the colors of light output from the first pixel opening 21, the second pixel opening 22, and the third pixel opening 23 are different;
  • Black matrix 3 the black matrix 3 is located on the side of the pixel defining layer 2 away from the substrate 1, and includes a black matrix opening 30 corresponding to the pixel opening 20, specifically, for example, the black matrix opening 30 includes a black matrix opening 30 corresponding to the first pixel opening 20
  • the first black matrix opening 31, the second black matrix opening 32 corresponding to the second pixel opening 22, the third black matrix opening 33 corresponding to the third pixel opening 23; the black matrix opening 30 has a black matrix opening on the substrate 1.
  • Projection 300; the black matrix opening 30 has opening expansion compared with the pixel opening 20, that is, the size of the black matrix opening 30 is larger, and the black matrix opening 30 is expanding outward relative to the pixel opening 20.
  • the opening expansion can be understood as black
  • the opening is larger than the trapezoidal opening at the lower end, and the outer expansion of the opening can be the opening at the lower end of the black matrix 30 and the opening at the lower end of the pixel opening 20; at least two positions of the pixel opening 20 with different light colors, in the same direction parallel to the substrate 1 , the opening expansion is inversely proportional to the length of the pixel opening orthographic projection 200, specifically, for example, at the position of the first pixel opening 21, in the direction indicated by the arrow AB in Figure 5, the first black matrix opening 31 and the first pixel opening 21
  • the outer expansion of the opening is a12 (as shown in conjunction with FIG.
  • the expansion of the opening is inversely proportional to the length of the orthographic projection 200 of the pixel opening. If the size of the pixel opening 20 is larger, the The smaller the amount of expansion of the first black matrix opening 31 relative to the first pixel opening 21, if the size of the pixel opening 20 is smaller, the larger the amount of expansion of the first black matrix opening 31 relative to the first pixel opening 21 is, and then
  • the brightness attenuation at the pixel openings of different light-emitting colors can be balanced to achieve a roughly balanced, avoiding the inconsistency of the brightness attenuation of different color viewing angles affected by the black matrix openings (the smaller the pixel opening size, the viewing angle brightness The greater the degree of attenuation), resulting in the problems of angular deviation and brightness attenuation of viewing angles at large viewing angles in the final display.
  • the orthographic projection of the pixel opening 20 is a polygon
  • the pixel opening 20 includes a first pixel opening 21 emitting light of the first color
  • the first pixel opening 21 has a first side extending along the first direction AB
  • the length of the first side of the first pixel opening 21 is greater than or equal to the length of the remaining sides of the first pixel opening 21, and greater than or equal to the maximum side length of the pixel openings of the remaining light-emitting colors, that is, the first pixel opening 21 is the largest side length of the first pixel opening 21.
  • the first direction AB is the direction where the first side is located; at least two pixel openings 20 with different light colors are parallel to the substrate 1 and perpendicular to the first direction AB (direction shown by arrow CD in FIG. 5 ), the expansion of the opening is inversely proportional to the length of the orthographic projection of the pixel opening 20 .
  • the first black matrix opening 31 and The opening of the first pixel opening 21 is expanded to a22 (as shown in conjunction with FIG. 8 and FIG.
  • the opening expansion is inversely proportional to the length of the pixel opening orthographic projection 200 .
  • the expansion of the opening of the black matrix opening 30 in the direction where the largest side of the pixel opening 20 is located is inversely proportional to the length of the orthographic projection of the pixel opening 20, which can improve the angular deviation of the viewing angle in the first direction AB and the attenuation of viewing angle brightness. Variation problem.
  • the opening expansion ratio of at least two pixel openings with different light-emitting colors is roughly inversely proportional to the length ratio of the orthographic projection of the pixel openings of the corresponding light-emitting colors.
  • the ratio of the length of the orthographic projection of the pixel opening for emitting red light to the length of the orthographic projection of the pixel opening for emitting green light is a:b, then the opening at the pixel opening for emitting red light
  • the opening expansion ratio of the expansion and the opening of the exiting green light pixel opening is b:a.
  • the opening expansion ratio of the pixel openings with different light-emitting colors is roughly inversely proportional to the length ratio of the orthographic projection of the pixel openings of the corresponding light-emitting colors.
  • the length of the orthographic projection of the pixel opening where the red light is emitted is a
  • the length of the orthographic projection of the pixel opening where the green light is emitted is b
  • the length of the orthographic projection of the pixel opening where the blue light is emitted is c
  • the length of the orthographic projection of the pixel opening where the red light is emitted is 15.45 ⁇ m
  • the length of the orthographic projection of the pixel opening where the green light is emitted is 18.55 ⁇ m
  • the length of the orthographic projection of the pixel opening where the blue light is emitted is 34 ⁇ m
  • the ratio of the three is roughly 1:1.2:2.2
  • the opening of the pixel opening that emits red light expands: the opening of the pixel opening that emits green light expands: the opening of the pixel opening that emits blue light expands to 2.2:1.8:1.
  • the opening expansion ratio of the pixel openings with different light-emitting colors is roughly inversely proportional to the length ratio of the orthographic projection of the pixel openings of the corresponding light-emitting colors.
  • the brightness attenuation of the pixel aperture, the pixel aperture emitting green light, and the pixel aperture emitting blue light are roughly balanced, avoiding the problems of viewing angle deviation and poor viewing angle brightness attenuation at large viewing angles.
  • the first pixel opening 21 is a red pixel opening that emits red light
  • the pixel opening also includes: a blue pixel opening that emits blue light, and a green pixel opening that emits green light.
  • the green pixel opening can include two sub-green pixel openings; specifically, for example, the second pixel opening 22 is a green pixel opening that emits green light, and the third pixel opening 23 is a blue pixel opening that emits blue light; a blue pixel opening ( That is, the third pixel opening 23), a red pixel opening (that is, the first pixel opening 21), and a green pixel opening (that is, the second pixel opening 22) along the direction perpendicular to the first direction (that is, indicated by the arrow CD
  • the direction shown) is arranged in sequence to form a repeating unit Z, and a plurality of repeating units Z are arranged in sequence along the direction perpendicular to the first direction (that is, the direction shown by the arrow CD) to form a row of pixel openings;
  • the direction perpendicular to the first direction AB (the direction shown by the arrow CD)
  • the red pixel opening (that is, the first pixel opening 21) width a21
  • the ratio of opening expansion c22 is 2.5:1:1, then the viewing angle luminance attenuation of different colors is affected by the black matrix opening 30 in almost the same degree; in the first direction AB, the red pixel opening (that is, the first pixel opening 21), the width a11 of the green pixel opening (that is, the second pixel opening 22 ), the width c11 of the blue pixel opening (that is, the third pixel opening 23 ), are 51.19 ⁇ m, 47.65 ⁇ m, and 42.64 ⁇ m, respectively,
  • the size of each pixel opening 20 is relatively large and close to 1:1:1, and the same opening can be designed to expand; it should be noted that the two sub-pixel openings of the green pixel opening correspond to one black matrix opening (that is, there is no black matrix opening in the middle of the two sub-green pixel openings). black matrix);
  • the opening of the red pixel opening that is, the first pixel opening 21
  • the green pixel opening that is, the second pixel opening 21
  • the opening expansion b22 at the blue pixel opening that is, the third pixel opening 23
  • the opening expansion c22 at the blue pixel opening that is, the third pixel opening 23
  • the opening expansion a12 at the pixel opening 21), the opening expansion b12 at the green pixel opening (ie, the second pixel opening 22), and the opening expansion c12 at the blue pixel opening ie, the third pixel opening 23
  • the viewing angle brightness attenuation matching at the red pixel opening (that is, the first pixel opening 21), the green pixel opening (that is, the second pixel opening 22), and the blue pixel opening (that is, the third pixel opening 23) is shown in Figure 12
  • the CIE locus diagram of W viewing angle is shown in Figure 13
  • the characteristic parameters of W viewing angle are shown in Figure 14; it can be seen from Figure 12, Figure 13 and Figure 13 that after the above matching design, the viewing angle of the OLED screen with integrated COE structure
  • the color shift has been significantly improved, and the viewing angle deviation of 30°, 45°, and 60° has been reduced to 2JNCD, 1.8JNCD, and 2JNCD respectively, which are close to the OLED screen of the POL structure, and the viewing angle deviation of the large viewing angle of 60° is lower than that of the OLED screen of the POL structure.
  • the viewing angle brightness attenuation has also been significantly improved.
  • the 30° viewing angle brightness attenuation is not affected by the COE structure,
  • the first pixel opening 21 is a blue pixel opening for emitting blue light
  • the pixel opening 20 also includes: a red pixel opening for emitting red light, and a green pixel opening for emitting green light.
  • the second pixel opening 22 is a red pixel opening emitting red light
  • the third pixel opening 23 is a green pixel opening emitting green light
  • Three pixel openings 23), a blue pixel (the first pixel opening 21) form a repeating unit Z
  • the red pixel opening (the second pixel opening 22) and the green pixel opening (the third pixel opening 23) Arranged along the first direction AB, the straight line k1 passing through the center of the blue pixel opening (the first pixel opening 21) and perpendicular to the first direction is located between the red pixel opening (the second pixel opening 22) and the green pixel opening (the third pixel opening) 23) at the gap between, specifically, the red pixel opening (the second pixel opening 22) and the green pixel opening (the third pixel opening 23) can be symmetrical about the straight line k1; a plurality
  • the direction perpendicular to the first direction AB (the direction shown by the arrow CD)
  • the red pixel opening (that is, the second pixel opening 22) width b21
  • the opening expansion b22 at the red pixel opening ie, the second pixel opening 22
  • the opening expansion c22 at the green pixel opening ie, the third pixel opening 23
  • the blue pixel opening ie, the first pixel opening 23
  • the opening at the red pixel opening that is, the second pixel opening 22
  • the green pixel opening that is, the third pixel opening 22
  • the opening expansion c22 at 23) and the opening expansion a22 at the blue pixel opening are respectively 2 ⁇ m, 2 ⁇ m, and 2.4 ⁇ m; in the first direction AB, the red pixel opening (that is, the first pixel opening 21)
  • the opening expansion b12 at the second pixel opening 22), the opening expansion c12 at the green pixel opening (ie, the third pixel opening 23), and the opening expansion a12 at the blue pixel opening (ie, the first pixel opening 21) They are 5.2 ⁇ m, 4.2 ⁇ m, and 2.4 ⁇ m, respectively, as shown in Figure 15;
  • the first pixel opening 21 is a blue pixel opening that emits blue light
  • the pixel opening 20 also includes: a red pixel opening that emits red light, and a first green pixel opening that emits green light and the second green pixel opening
  • the second pixel opening 22 is a red pixel opening that emits red light
  • the third pixel opening 23 includes a first green pixel opening and a second green pixel opening 232 that emit green light
  • a red pixel opening (second pixel opening 22), a first green pixel opening 231, a second green pixel opening 232, and a blue pixel opening (first pixel opening 21) form a repeating unit Z, and within the repeating unit Z , the center of the red pixel opening (the second pixel opening 22), the center of the blue pixel opening (the first pixel opening 21), the center of the first green pixel opening 231, and the center of the second green pixel opening 232 form a quadrilateral
  • the connecting line between the center of the red pixel opening (second pixel opening 22) and the center of the blue pixel opening (first pixel opening 21) forms the fourth quadrilateral
  • the repeating units Z are sequentially arranged along a direction parallel to the first diagonal line k2 to form a row of pixel openings.
  • the blue pixel opening (first pixel opening 21) has the side with the largest side length, take the largest side of the blue pixel opening (first pixel opening 21) Where the direction is the first direction, then in the direction (direction shown by arrow CD) perpendicular to the first direction AB, the pixel width b21 of the red pixel opening (second pixel opening 22), the pixel width b21 of the first green pixel opening 231 c21, the pixel width c24 of the second green pixel opening 232, and the pixel width a21 of the blue pixel opening (the first pixel opening 21) are respectively 20.2 ⁇ m, 19.35 ⁇ m, 27.1 ⁇ m, and 12.13 ⁇ m, and the ratio is approximately 1:1: 1.4:0.6, design the opening expansion b22 of the red pixel opening (second pixel opening 22), the opening expansion c22 of the first green pixel opening 231, the opening expansion c24 of the second green pixel opening 232, and
  • the opening expansion c24 of the green pixel opening 232 and the opening expansion a22 of the blue pixel opening (the first pixel opening 21) are respectively 2.8 ⁇ m, 2.8 ⁇ m, 2 ⁇ m, and 4.4 ⁇ m.
  • the red pixel opening (the second pixel opening 22) the opening expansion b12, the opening expansion c12 of the first green pixel opening 231, the opening expansion c14 of the second green pixel opening 232, the opening of the blue pixel opening (the first pixel opening 21)
  • the outer expansion a12 is 2.8 ⁇ m, 4.4 ⁇ m, 2 ⁇ m, and 2.8 ⁇ m respectively; due to the first green pixel opening 231 and the second green pixel opening 232, the dimensions in the first direction AB and the direction perpendicular to the first direction AB are equal. Not the same, need to be designed separately according to the size of the pixel opening;
  • the projection of the pixel opening 20 on the substrate 1 is circular, and the pixel opening 20 includes: a blue pixel opening for emitting blue light, a red pixel opening for emitting red light, and a green pixel opening for emitting green light.
  • the first green pixel opening and the second green pixel opening specifically, for example, the first pixel opening 21 is a blue pixel opening that emits blue light, the second pixel opening 22 is a red pixel opening that emits red light, and the third pixel opening 23 includes a first green pixel opening 231 and a second green pixel opening 232 emitting green light; a red pixel opening (second pixel opening 22), a first green pixel opening 231, a second green pixel opening 232, a blue
  • the color pixel opening (the first pixel opening 21) forms a repeating unit Z, and in the repeating unit Z, the center of the red pixel opening (the second pixel opening 22), the center of the blue pixel opening (the first pixel opening 21), the first green
  • the center of the pixel opening 231 and the center of the second green pixel opening 232 form a quadrilateral, and the connecting line between the center of the red pixel opening (second pixel opening 22) and the center of the blue pixel opening (first pixel opening
  • the red pixel opening (second pixel opening 22), the first green pixel opening 231, the second green pixel opening 232, the blue pixel opening (first pixel opening 21) are all circular in shape, with diameters of 20 ⁇ m, 15 ⁇ m, 15 ⁇ m, and 20 ⁇ m, respectively, and a ratio of 1:0.75:0.75:1.
  • the opening of the red pixel opening (second pixel opening 22) is designed to expand b12 and the first green
  • the opening expansion c12 of the pixel opening 231, the opening expansion c14 of the second green pixel opening 232, and the opening expansion a12 of the blue pixel opening (the first pixel opening 21) have a ratio of 1:1.3:1.3:1, and different colors
  • the brightness attenuation of the viewing angle is almost equally affected by the opening of the black matrix; since the shape of the pixel structure is circular, the expansion ratio of the opening in all directions is designed to be the same;
  • the display substrate further includes a light emitting portion 4 located at the pixel opening 20, and a color filter layer located at the side of the black matrix 3 away from the pixel defining layer 2; wherein, the color filter layer Including the color resistance 5 located in the black matrix opening 30, specifically, the light emitting part 4 may include a first light emitting part 41 located in the first pixel opening 21, a second light emitting part 42 located in the second pixel opening 22, and a light emitting part located in the third pixel
  • the color resistance 5 includes a first color resistance 51 located at the first black matrix opening 31, a second color resistance 52 located at the second black matrix opening 32, and a color resistance located at the third black matrix opening 33.
  • the third color resistance 53; the peak wavelength of the transmission spectrum of the color resistance 5 is blue-shifted relative to the peak wavelength of the emission spectrum of the corresponding light emitting part 4, specifically, for example, the peak wavelength of the transmission spectrum of the first color resistance 51 is relative to the corresponding
  • the peak wavelength of the emission spectrum of the first light-emitting part 41 is blue-shifted; the peak wavelength of the transmission spectrum of the second color-resistor 52 is blue-shifted relative to the peak wavelength of the emission spectrum of the corresponding second light-emitting part 42; the transmission spectrum of the third color-resistor 53
  • the peak wavelength is blue-shifted with respect to the peak wavelength of the emission spectrum of the corresponding third light emitting portion 43 .
  • the peak wavelength of the transmission spectrum of the color resist 5 is blue-shifted by 10 nm to 15 nm relative to the peak wavelength of the emission spectrum of the corresponding light emitting part 4 .
  • FIG. 21 shows the brightness attenuation of the white light viewing angle when the peak position of the CF transmission spectrum at the green pixel opening (for example, the green pixel opening is the third pixel opening 23) moves left and right.
  • CF p-0 in the figure indicates that the spectral peak position of the light-emitting part 5 that emits green light is consistent with the peak position of the corresponding green color resistance transmission spectrum
  • CF p-10 indicates that the green color resistance transmission spectrum peak is relative to the green light
  • the peak of the emission spectrum of the light-emitting part 5 shifts blue by 10nm
  • CF p+10 means that the peak of the green color-resistance transmission spectrum is red-shifted by 10nm relative to the peak of the emission spectrum of the light-emitting part 5 that emits green light.
  • the peak wavelength of the cross-spectrum is blue-shifted relative to the peak wavelength of the light-emitting spectrum of the corresponding light-emitting part 4 , which can greatly reduce the influence of the color resist 5 on the brightness attenuation of the viewing angle. It should be noted here that only the green color resistance is used as an example, and this adjustment is also applicable to the red color resistance and the blue color resistance.
  • the color filter layer may also be located on the side of the black matrix 3 facing the pixel defining layer 2 .
  • the enhanced spectrum of the microcavity is referred to as EL spectrum
  • the material intrinsic spectrum is referred to as PL spectrum.
  • EL( ⁇ ) PL( ⁇ )G cav ( ⁇ )(6)
  • the microcavity gain G cav ( ⁇ ) is:
  • ⁇ cav. , ⁇ 0 are the average lifetimes of molecular excited states in the microcavity and free space respectively
  • R 1 and R 2 represent the reflectivity of the opaque electrode and the semitransparent electrode respectively (the opaque electrode and the semitransparent electrode can be respectively are two opposite electrodes of the light-emitting device)
  • k represents the wave vector in the organic layer
  • L1 is the optical distance to the opaque electrode
  • T2 is the transmittance of the semitransparent electrode
  • L is the optical cavity length.
  • the peak wavelengths of the transmission spectra of different color resisters 5 are approximately the same in blue shift length relative to the peak wavelengths of the emission spectra of the corresponding light emitting parts 4 .
  • the blue shift lengths of the peak wavelengths of the transmission spectra of different color resistances 5 relative to the peak wavelengths of the emission spectra of the corresponding light-emitting parts 4 are approximately the same, which can be understood as the peak wavelengths of the transmission spectra of different color resistances relative to the peak wavelengths of the corresponding light-emitting parts 4
  • the blue shift length of the peak wavelength of the emission spectrum is not more than 5nm.
  • the color resistance 4 includes a red color resistance that filters out red light, a blue color resistance that filters out blue light, and a green color resistance that filters out green light.
  • the first color resistance 41 is a red color resistance
  • the second color resistance 42 is a green color resistance
  • the third color resistance 43 is a blue color resistance; as shown in FIG. 25 , the green light brightness attenuation spectrum ( -----The curve shown in G), located in the red light brightness attenuation spectrum emitted by the red color resist ( Between the curve shown) and the blue light brightness attenuation spectrum emitted by the blue color resist (the curve shown in -B).
  • the viewing angle brightness attenuation is adjusted as shown in Figure 25, and the brightness matching of different lights under the viewing angle is re-matched, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the optical characteristics of the viewing angle.
  • the light emitting part 5 includes an organic light emitting layer.
  • the light emitting part 5 may include one or more of an anode, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an organic light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, and a cathode, which are sequentially located on the substrate 1 .
  • the display substrate further includes an encapsulation layer 6 located between the pixel defining layer 2 and the black matrix 3 , and a touch layer located between the encapsulation layer 6 and the black matrix 3 7.
  • the side of the color filter layer 5 facing away from the pixel defining layer 2 may also be provided with a cover layer 81, and the side of the cover layer 81 away from the color filter layer 5 may also be provided with an optical adhesive layer 82, and the optical adhesive layer 82 is away from the cover layer.
  • One side of 81 can also be provided with cover plate film 9.
  • the cover layer 81 may specifically be an organic cover layer 81 for flattening the surface of the color filter layer 5 facing away from the pixel defining layer 2 .
  • the encapsulation layer 6 is a thin-film encapsulation layer, and may include a first inorganic encapsulation layer, an organic encapsulation layer, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer that are stacked.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a display device, including the display substrate provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the expansion of the opening is inversely proportional to the length of the orthographic projection 200 of the pixel opening. If the size of the pixel opening 20 is larger, the The smaller the amount of expansion of the first black matrix opening 31 relative to the first pixel opening 21, if the size of the pixel opening 20 is smaller, the larger the amount of expansion of the first black matrix opening 31 relative to the first pixel opening 21 is, and then
  • the brightness attenuation at the pixel openings of different light-emitting colors can be balanced to achieve a roughly balanced, avoiding the inconsistency of the brightness attenuation of different color viewing angles affected by the black matrix openings (the smaller the pixel opening size, the viewing angle brightness The greater the degree of attenuation), resulting in the problems of angular deviation and brightness attenuation of viewing angles at large viewing angles in the final display.

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Abstract

本公开实施例提供一种显示基板和显示装置。所述显示基板包括：衬底；像素限定层，所述像素限定层位于所述衬底的一侧，具有多个出射不同颜色的像素开口，所述像素开口在所述衬底具有像素开口正投影；黑矩阵，所述黑矩阵位于所述像素限定层远离所述衬底的一侧，包括与所述像素开口对应的黑矩阵开口，所述黑矩阵开口在所述衬底具有黑矩阵开口正投影，所述黑矩阵开口正投影覆盖对应的所述像素开口正投影，所述黑矩阵开口相比于所述像素开口具有开口外扩；至少两个出光颜色不同的所述像素开口位置处，在平行于所述衬底的同一方向，所述开口外扩与所述像素开口正投影长度成反比。

Description

一种显示基板和显示装置 技术领域
本公开涉及半导体技术领域，尤其涉及一种显示基板和显示装置。
背景技术
有源矩阵有机发光二极体(Active-matrix organic light-emitting diode，AMOLED)具有自发光(无需背光源)、结构简单、视角宽、功耗低、可实现柔性显示等优点，是目前最具前景的显示技术之一。最近随着大尺寸及可卷曲有机发光显示屏的不断创新发展，在显示领域对低功耗的要求也不断提高，增加发光层上层组件的透过率可以有效降低EL功耗。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供一种显示基板和显示装置。所述显示基板，其中，包括：
衬底；
像素限定层，所述像素限定层位于所述衬底的一侧，具有多个出射不同颜色的像素开口，所述像素开口在所述衬底具有像素开口正投影；
黑矩阵，所述黑矩阵位于所述像素限定层远离所述衬底的一侧，包括与所述像素开口对应的黑矩阵开口，所述黑矩阵开口在所述衬底具有黑矩阵开口正投影，所述黑矩阵开口正投影覆盖对应的所述像素开口正投影，所述黑矩阵开口相比于所述像素开口具有开口外扩；至少两个出光颜色不同的所述像素开口位置处，在平行于所述衬底的同一方向，所述开口外扩与所述像素开口正投影长度成反比。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述像素开口正投影为多边形，所述像素开口包括出射第一颜色光的第一像素开口，所述第一像素开口具有沿第一方向延伸的第一边，所述第一像素开口的所述第一边的长度大于或等于所述第一 像素开口的其余边长，且大于或等于其余出光颜色的所述像素开口的最大边长；
至少两个出光颜色不同的所述像素开口位置处，在平行于所述衬底且垂直于所述第一方向，所述开口外扩与所述像素开口正投影长度成反比。
在一种可能的实施方式中，至少两个出光颜色不同的所述像素开口位置处，在平行于所述衬底的所述第一方向，所述开口外扩与所述像素开口正投影长度成反比。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一像素开口为出射红光的红色像素开口，所述像素开口还包括：出射蓝光的蓝色像素开口，以及出射绿光的绿色像素开口；
一所述蓝色像素开口、一所述红色像素开口、一所述绿色像素开口沿垂直于所述第一方向的方向依次排布，组成一重复单元，多个所述重复单元沿垂直于所述第一方向的方向依次排布，组成像素开口行。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一像素开口为出射蓝光的蓝色像素开口，所述像素开口还包括：出射红光的红色像素开口，以及出射绿光的绿色像素开口；
一所述红色像素开口、一所述绿色像素开口、一所述蓝色像素组成一重复单元，且所述重复单元内，所述红色像素开口与所述绿色像素开口沿所述第一方向排布，过所述蓝色像素开口中心且垂直于所述第一方向的直线位于所述红色像素开口与所述绿色像素开口之间的间隙处；多个所述重复单元沿垂直于所述第一方向的方向依次排布，组成像素开口行。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一像素开口为出射蓝光的蓝色像素开口，所述像素开口还包括：出射红光的红色像素开口，以及出射绿光的第一绿色像素开口和第二绿色像素开口；
一所述红色像素开口、一所述第一绿色像素开口、一所述第二绿色像素开口、一所述蓝色像素组成一重复单元，且所述重复单元内，所述红色像素开口中心、所述蓝色像素开口中心、所述第一绿色像素开口中心、所述第二 绿色像素开口中心组成一四边形，所述四边形的其中两个边平行于所述第一方向，其余两个边垂直于所述第一方向，所述红色像素开口中心与所述蓝色像素开口中心的连线组成所述四边形的第一对角线，所述重复单元沿平行于所述第一对角线的方向依次排布，组成像素开口行。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述像素开口在所述衬底的投影为圆形，所述像素开口包括：出射蓝光的蓝色像素开口，出射红光的红色像素开口，以及出射绿光的第一绿色像素开口和第二绿色像素开口；
一所述红色像素开口、一所述第一绿色像素开口、一所述第二绿色像素开口、一所述蓝色像素开口组成一重复单元，且所述重复单元内，所述红色像素开口中心、所述蓝色像素开口中心、所述第一绿色像素开口中心、所述第二绿色像素开口中心组成一四边形，所述红色像素开口中心与所述蓝色像素开口中心的连线组成所述四边形的第一对角线，所述重复单元沿平行于所述第一对角线的方向依次排布，组成像素开口行。
在一种可能的实施方式中，在平行于所述衬底的同一方向，至少两个出光颜色不同的所述像素开口处所述开口外扩比例，与相应出光颜色所述像素开口正投影的长度比例大致成反比。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述开口外扩的范围为2nm～10nm。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述显示基板还包括位于所述像素开口的发光部，以及位于所述黑矩阵远离所述像素限定层一侧的彩膜层；其中，所述彩膜层包括位于所述黑矩阵开口的色阻；
所述色阻的透过谱峰值波长相对于相应的所述发光部的发光谱峰值波长蓝移。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述色阻的透过谱峰值波长相对于相应的所述发光部的发光谱峰值波长蓝移10nm～15nm。
在一种可能的实施方式中，不同所述色阻的透过谱峰值波长相对于相应的所述发光部的发光谱峰值波长蓝移长度大致相同。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述色阻包括滤出红光的红色色阻，滤出蓝 光的蓝色色阻，以及滤出绿光的绿色色阻；
经所述绿色色阻出射的绿光亮度衰减谱，位于经所述红色色阻出射的红光亮度衰减谱与经所述蓝色色阻出射的蓝光亮度衰减谱之间。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述发光部包括有机发光层。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述显示基板还包括位于所述像素限定层与所述黑矩阵之间的封装层，以及位于所述封装层与所述黑矩阵之间的触控层。
本公开实施例还提供一种显示装置，其中，包括如本公开实施例提供的所述显示基板。
附图说明
图1为POL结构与集成COE结构的OLED显示屏的视角色偏对比示意图；
图2为POL结构与集成COE结构的OLED显示屏的视角亮度衰减对比示意图；
图3为POL结构与集成COE结构的OLED显示屏的视角特性的具体参数对比示意图；
图4为本公开实施例提供的显示基板的剖视示意图；
图5为本公开实施例提供的像素开口与黑矩阵开口的示意图之一；
图6为本公开实施例提供的像素开口与黑矩阵开口的示意图之二；
图7为本公开实施例提供的像素开口与黑矩阵开口的示意图之三；
图8为本公开实施例提供的像素开口与黑矩阵开口的示意图之四；
图9为本公开实施例提供的像素开口与黑矩阵开口的示意图之五；
图10为本公开实施例提供的像素结构排布示意图之一；
图11为图10中一重复单元的像素结构排布示意图；
图12为图11中的像素结构排布时的视角亮度衰减示意图；
图13为图11中的像素结构排布时的W视角CIE轨迹示意图；
图14为图11中的像素结构排布时的W视角特性参数示意图；
图15为图16中一重复单元的像素结构排布示意图；
图16为本公开实施例提供的像素结构排布示意图之二；
图17为图18中一重复单元的像素结构排布示意图；
图18为本公开实施例提供的像素结构排布示意图之三；
图19为图20中一重复单元的像素结构排布示意图；
图20为本公开实施例提供的像素结构排布示意图之四；
图21为绿色色阻透过谱波峰位置左、右移动时白光视角亮度衰减的仿真示意图；
图22为绿色色阻随角度变化的透过率谱图；
图23为电致发光光谱随角度变化的示意图；
图24为电致发光光谱与绿色色阻透过谱示意图；
图25为红、绿、蓝三种出光颜色的光视角亮度衰减匹配示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使得本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
为了保持本公开实施例的以下说明清楚且简明，本公开省略了已知功能和已知部件的详细说明。
采用位于封装层上方的彩膜(Color Filter on Encapsulation，COE)+黑矩阵方案代替圆偏光片(POL)结构是一种有效的提高透过率的方法，同时可以获得更薄的显示屏模组，也有利于可卷曲屏幕的进一步发展。然而，在有机发光半导体(Organic Electroluminescence Display，OLED)显示屏中引入COE结构后视角特性会严重劣化，如图1、图2以及图3所示，图1为POL结构与集成COE结构的OLED显示屏的视角色偏对比示意图，图2为POL结构与集成COE结构的OLED显示屏的视角亮度衰减对比示意图，图3为POL结构与集成COE结构的OLED显示屏的视角特性的具体参数对比示意图，由图1、图2及图3可以看出，集成COE结构后OLED显示屏的视角色偏和视角亮度衰减均变差；其原因主要有两方面：一方面是由于黑色矩阵(Black Matrix，BM)对光线的吸收遮挡作用，另一方面则是由于彩膜层(Color filter，CF)对光线的吸收。
有鉴于此，本公开实施例提供一种显示基板，参见图4-图9所示，其中，包括：
衬底1；
像素限定层2，像素限定层2位于衬底1的一侧，具有多个出射不同颜色的像素开口20，像素开口20在衬底1具有像素开口正投影200；具体的，例如，像素开口20包括第一像素开口21，第二像素开口22，第三像素开口23，其中，第一像素开口21，第二像素开口22，第三像素开口23的出光颜色各不相同；
黑矩阵3，黑矩阵3位于像素限定层2远离衬底1的一侧，包括与像素开口20对应的黑矩阵开口30，具体的，例如，黑矩阵开口30包括与第一像素开口20对应的第一黑矩阵开口31，与第二像素开口22对应的第二黑矩阵开口32，与第三像素开口23对应的第三黑矩阵开口33；黑矩阵开口30在衬底1具有黑矩阵开口正投影300；黑矩阵开口30相比于像素开口20具有开口 外扩，即，黑矩阵开口30尺寸更大，黑矩阵开口30相对于像素开口20外扩，具体的，开口外扩可以理解为黑矩阵开口30的最小开口位置处与像素开口20的最小位置处的差值，例如，结合图4所示，黑矩阵开口20的截面为上端开口大于下端开口的梯形，像素开口20的截面为上端开口大于下端开口的梯形，开口外扩可以为黑矩阵30下端处的开口与像素开口20下端处的开口；至少两个出光颜色不同的像素开口20位置处，在平行于衬底1的同一方向，开口外扩与像素开口正投影200长度成反比，具体的，例如，第一像素开口21位置处，在如图5中箭头AB所指方向，第一黑矩阵开口31与第一像素开口21的开口外扩为a12(结合图6和图7所示，a12也即为第一黑矩阵开口31的长度a13与第一像素开口21的长度a11的差值一半)，该开口外扩与第一像素开口21的长度a11成反比，换而言之，第一像素开口21的长度越长，可以设置第一像素开口21位置处的开口外扩越小，也即，设置第一黑矩阵开口31相对第一像素开口21的外扩量越小。
本公开实施例中，在像素开口20位置处，在平行于衬底1的同一方向，通过使开口外扩与像素开口正投影200的长度成反比，若像素开口20的尺寸越大，则使第一黑矩阵开口31相对第一像素开口21的外扩量越小，若像素开口20的尺寸越小，则使第一黑矩阵开口31相对第一像素开口21的外扩量越大，进而对于出光颜色不同且开口尺寸不同的像素开口，可以平衡不同出光颜色像素开口处的亮度衰减达到大致平衡，避免不同颜色视角亮度衰减受黑矩阵开口的影响程度不一致(像素开口尺寸越小，视角亮度衰减程度越大)，而导致最终显示时在大视角存在视角色偏以及视角亮度衰减变差问题。
在一种可能的实施方式中，像素开口20正投影为多边形，像素开口20包括出射第一颜色光的第一像素开口21，第一像素开口21具有沿第一方向AB延伸的第一边，第一像素开口21的第一边的长度大于或等于第一像素开口21的其余边长，且大于或等于其余出光颜色的像素开口的最大边长，也即第一像素开口21为含有最大边长的像素开口20，且第一边为第一像素开口21的最大边，第一方向AB为第一边所在的方向；至少两个出光颜色不同的 像素开口20位置处，在平行于衬底1且垂直于第一方向AB(如图5中箭头CD所示方向)，开口外扩与像素开口20正投影长度成反比。具体的，例如，如图5所示，第一像素开口21位置处，在平行于衬底1且垂直于第一方向(如图5中箭头CD所示方向)，第一黑矩阵开口31与第一像素开口21的开口外扩为a22(结合图8和图9所示，a22也即为第一黑矩阵开口31的长度a23与第一像素开口21的长度a21的差值一半)，该开口外扩a22与第一像素开口21的长度a21成反比。本公开实施例中，至少两个出光颜色不同的像素开口20位置处，在平行于衬底1且垂直于第一方向(如图5中箭头CD所示方向)，开口外扩与像素开口正投影200长度成反比，进而可以改善在垂直于第一方向AB上的视角色偏以及视角亮度衰减变差问题。
在一种可能的实施方式中，至少两个出光颜色不同的像素开口20位置处，在平行于衬底1的第一方向AB，开口外扩与像素开口正投影200长度成反比。本公开实施例中，具体可以设置黑矩阵开口30在像素开口20最大边所在方向的开口外扩与像素开口20正投影长度成反比，可以改善第一方向AB上的视角色偏以及视角亮度衰减变差问题。
在一种可能的实施方式中，在平行于衬底1的同一方向，至少两个出光颜色不同的像素开口处开口外扩比例，与相应出光颜色像素开口正投影的长度比例大致成反比。具体的，例如，在平行于衬底1的同一方向，出射红光的像素开口正投影长度与出射绿光的像素开口正投影长度的比例为a：b，则出射红光像素开口处的开口外扩与出射绿光像素开口处的开口外扩比例为b：a。本公开实施例中，在平行于衬底1的同一方向，至少两个出光颜色不同的像素开口处开口外扩比例，与相应出光颜色像素开口正投影的长度比例大致成反比，可以使至少两个出光颜色不同的像素开口处的亮度衰减大致平衡，避免显示时在大视角存在视角色偏以及视角亮度衰减变差问题。
在一种可能的实施方式中，在平行于衬底1的同一方向，各出光颜色不同的像素开口处开口外扩比例，与相应出光颜色像素开口正投影的长度比例大致成反比。具体的，例如，在平行于衬底1的同一方向，出射红光处的像 素开口正投影长度为a，出射绿光处的像素开口正投影长度为b，出射蓝光处的像素开口正投影长度为c，令像素开口正投影最大的一者对应的开口外扩为1，若a＜b＜c，也即，令出射蓝光处的开口外扩为1，则出射红光处的开口外扩y＝c/a(也即a:c＝1:y)，同理，出射绿光处的开口外扩x＝c/b(也即b:c＝1:x)，则出射红光像素开口处的开口外扩y：出射绿光像素开口处的开口外扩x：出射绿光像素开口处的开口外扩1，三者的比例为y：x：1＝c/a：c/b：1。具体的，例如，在第一方向AB上，出射红光处的像素开口正投影长度为15.45μm，出射绿光处的像素开口正投影长度为18.55μm，出射蓝光处的像素开口正投影长度为34μm，三者的比例大致为1:1.2:2.2，则出射红光的像素开口处的开口外扩：出射绿光的像素开口处的开口外扩：出射蓝光的像素开口处的开口外扩为2.2:1.8:1。本公开实施例中，在平行于衬底1的同一方向，各出光颜色不同的像素开口处开口外扩比例，与相应出光颜色像素开口正投影的长度比例大致成反比，可以使出射红光的像素开口、出射绿光的像素开口、出射蓝光的像素开口的亮度衰减大致平衡，避免在大视角存在视角色偏以及视角亮度衰减变差问题。
为了更清楚地理解本公开实施例提供的显示基板关于黑矩阵开口的设置，以下进行举例说明，如下：
例如，参见图10和图11所示，第一像素开口21为出射红光的红色像素开口，像素开口还包括：出射蓝光的蓝色像素开口，以及出射绿光的绿色像素开口，具体的，绿色像素开口可以包括两个子绿色像素开口；具体的，例如，第二像素开口22为出射绿光的绿色像素开口，第三像素开口23为出射蓝光的蓝色像素开口；一蓝色像素开口(也即第三像素开口23)、一红色像素开口(也即第一像素开口21)、一绿色像素开口(也即第二像素开口22)沿垂直于第一方向的方向(也即箭头CD所示方向)依次排布，组成一重复单元Z，多个重复单元Z沿垂直于第一方向的方向(也即箭头CD所示方向)依次排布，组成像素开口行；
在如图10和图11所示的像素排布方式下，例如，垂直于第一方向AB的 方向(箭头CD所示方向)，红色像素开口(也即第一像素开口21)宽度a21、绿色像素开口(也即第二像素开口22)宽度b21、蓝色像素开口(也即第三像素开口23)的宽度c21，分别为10.2μm、22.6μm、25μm，比例大致为1:2.2:2.5；设计红色像素开口(也即第一像素开口21)处的开口外扩a22、绿色像素开口(也即第二像素开口22)处的开口外扩b22、蓝色像素开口(也即第三像素开口23)处的开口外扩c22比例为2.5:1:1，则不同颜色的视角亮度衰减受黑矩阵开口30的影响程度几乎相同；第一方向AB上，红色像素开口(也即第一像素开口21)的宽度a11、绿色像素开口(也即第二像素开口22)的宽度b11、蓝色像素开口(也即第三像素开口23)的宽度c11，分别为51.19μm、47.65μm、42.64μm，各像素开口20尺寸较大且接近1:1:1，可设计相同开口外扩；需要说明的是，绿色像素开口的2个子像素开口对应一个黑矩阵开口(即2个子绿色像素开口中间位置无黑矩阵)；
经过以上匹配，设计垂直于第一方向AB的方向(箭头CD所示方向)，红色像素开口(也即第一像素开口21)处的开口外扩a22、绿色像素开口(也即第二像素开口22)处的开口外扩b22、蓝色像素开口(也即第三像素开口23)处的开口外扩c22分别为5μm、2μm、2μm；第一方向AB上，红色像素开口(也即第一像素开口21)处的开口外扩a12、绿色像素开口(也即第二像素开口22)处的开口外扩b12、蓝色像素开口(也即第三像素开口23)处的开口外扩c12分别为2μm、2μm、2μm，如图11所示。红色像素开口(也即第一像素开口21)处、绿色像素开口(也即第二像素开口22)处、蓝色像素开口(也即第三像素开口23)处的视角亮度衰减匹配如图12所示，W视角CIE轨迹图如图13所示，W视角特性参数如图14所示；由图12、图13和图13可以看出，经过上述匹配设计，集成COE结构的OLED屏幕的视角色偏得到明显改善，30°、45°、60°的视角色偏分别降低到2JNCD、1.8JNCD、2JNCD，接近POL结构的OLED屏幕，大视角60°视角色偏低于POL结构的OLED屏幕。同时视角亮度衰减也有明显改善，30°视角亮度衰减未受COE结构影响，45°和60°视角亮度衰减受COE结构影响程度降低。
又例如，参见图15和图16所示，第一像素开口21为出射蓝光的蓝色像素开口，像素开口20还包括：出射红光的红色像素开口，以及出射绿光的绿色像素开口，具体的，例如，第二像素开口22为出射红光的红色像素开口，第三像素开口23为出射绿光的绿色像素开口；一红色像素开口(第二像素开口22)、一绿色像素开口(第三像素开口23)、一蓝色像素(第一像素开口21)组成一重复单元Z，且重复单元Z内，红色像素开口(第二像素开口22)与绿色像素开口(第三像素开口23)沿第一方向AB排布，过蓝色像素开口(第一像素开口21)中心且垂直于第一方向的直线k1位于红色像素开口(第二像素开口22)与绿色像素开口(第三像素开口23)之间的间隙处，具体的，红色像素开口(第二像素开口22)与绿色像素开口(第三像素开口23)可以关于直线k1对称；多个重复单元Z沿垂直于第一方向AB的方向(也即箭头CD所示方向)依次排布，组成像素开口行。
在如图15和图16所示的像素排布方式下，例如，垂直于第一方向AB的方向(箭头CD所示方向)，红色像素开口(也即第二像素开口22)宽度b21、绿色像素开口(也即第三像素开口23)宽度c21、蓝色像素开口(也即第一像素开口21)的宽度a21分别为18.7μm、18.7μm、15.3μm，比例大致为1.2:1.2:1，设计红色像素开口(也即第二像素开口22)处的开口外扩b22、绿色像素开口(也即第三像素开口23)处的开口外扩c22、蓝色像素开口(也即第一像素开口21)处的开口外扩a22比例为1:1:1.2，则不同颜色的视角亮度衰减受黑矩阵开口的影响程度几乎相同；
第一方向AB上，红色像素开口(也即第二像素开口22)宽度b11、绿色像素开口(也即第三像素开口23)宽度c11、蓝色像素开口(也即第一像素开口21)的宽度a11分别为15.45μm、18.55μm、34μm，比例大致为1:1.2:2.2，设计红色像素开口(也即第二像素开口22)处的开口外扩b12、绿色像素开口(也即第三像素开口23)处的开口外扩c12、蓝色像素开口(也即第一像素开口21)处的开口外扩a12比例为2.2:1.8:1；
经过以上匹配，设计垂直于第一方向AB的方向(箭头CD所示方向)，红色像素开口(也即第二像素开口22)处的开口外扩b22、绿色像素开口(也即第三像素开口23)处的开口外扩c22、蓝色像素开口(也即第一像素开口21)处的开口外扩a22分别为2μm、2μm、2.4μm；第一方向AB上，红色像素开口(也即第二像素开口22)处的开口外扩b12、绿色像素开口(也即第三像素开口23)处的开口外扩c12、蓝色像素开口(也即第一像素开口21)处的开口外扩a12分别为5.2μm、4.2μm、2.4μm，如图15所示；
又例如，参见图17和图18所示，第一像素开口21为出射蓝光的蓝色像素开口，像素开口20还包括：出射红光的红色像素开口，以及出射绿光的第一绿色像素开口和第二绿色像素开口，具体的，例如，第二像素开口22为出射红光的红色像素开口，第三像素开口23包括出射绿光的第一绿色像素开口和第二绿色像素开口232；一红色像素开口(第二像素开口22)、一第一绿色像素开口231、一第二绿色像素开口232、一蓝色像素开口(第一像素开口21)组成一重复单元Z，且重复单元Z内，红色像素开口(第二像素开口22)中心、蓝色像素开口中心(第一像素开口21)、第一绿色像素开口231中心、第二绿色像素开口232中心组成一四边形，四边形的其中两个边平行于第一方向AB，其余两个边垂直于第一方向AB，红色像素开口(第二像素开口22)中心与蓝色像素开口(第一像素开口21)中心的连线组成四边形的第一对角线k2，重复单元Z沿平行于第一对角线k2的方向依次排布，组成像素开口行。
在如图17和图18所示的像素排布方式下，其中，蓝色像素开口(第一像素开口21)具有边长最大的边，取蓝色像素开口(第一像素开口21)最大边所在的方向为第一方向，则在垂直于第一方向AB的方向(箭头CD所示方向)，红色像素开口(第二像素开口22)的像素宽度b21、第一绿色像素开口231的像素宽度c21、第二绿色像素开口232的像素宽度c24、蓝色像素开口(第一像素开口21)的像素宽度a21，分别为20.2μm、19.35μm、27.1μm、12.13μm，比例大致为1:1:1.4:0.6，设计红色像素开口(第二像素开口22)的 开口外扩b22、第一绿色像素开口231的开口外扩c22、第二绿色像素开口232的开口外扩c24、蓝色像素开口(第一像素开口21)的开口外扩a22，比例为1.4:1.4:1:2.2，则不同颜色的视角亮度衰减受黑矩阵开口的影响程度几乎相同；第一方向AB上，红色像素开口(第二像素开口22)的像素宽度b11、第一绿色像素开口231的像素宽度c11、第二绿色像素开口232的像素宽度c14、蓝色像素开口(第一像素开口21)的像素宽度a11，分别为20.2μm、12.13μm、27.1μm、19.35μm，比例大概为1:0.6:2.2:1，设计红色像素开口(第二像素开口22)的开口外扩b12、第一绿色像素开口231的开口外扩c12、第二绿色像素开口232的开口外扩c14、蓝色像素开口(第一像素开口21)的开口外扩a12，比例为1.4:2.2:1:1.4；
经过以上匹配，设计垂直于第一方向AB的方向(箭头CD所示方向)，红色像素开口(第二像素开口22)的开口外扩b22、第一绿色像素开口231的开口外扩c22、第二绿色像素开口232的开口外扩c24、蓝色像素开口(第一像素开口21)的开口外扩a22，分别为2.8μm、2.8μm、2μm、4.4μm，第一方向AB上，红色像素开口(第二像素开口22)的开口外扩b12、第一绿色像素开口231的开口外扩c12、第二绿色像素开口232的开口外扩c14、蓝色像素开口(第一像素开口21)的开口外扩a12，分别为2.8μm、4.4μm、2μm、2.8μm；由于第一绿色像素开口231、第二绿色像素开口232，在第一方向AB和垂直于第一方向AB的方向上的尺寸均不相同，需要根据像素开口尺寸进行分别设计；
又例如，参见图19和图20所示，像素开口20在衬底1的投影为圆形，像素开口20包括：出射蓝光的蓝色像素开口，出射红光的红色像素开口，以及出射绿光的第一绿色像素开口和第二绿色像素开口，具体的，例如，第一像素开口21为出射蓝光的蓝色像素开口，第二像素开口22为出射红光的红色像素开口，第三像素开口23包括出射绿光的第一绿色像素开口231和第二绿色像素开口232；一红色像素开口(第二像素开口22)、一第一绿色像素开 口231、一第二绿色像素开口232、一蓝色像素开口(第一像素开口21)组成一重复单元Z，且重复单元Z内，红色像素开口(第二像素开口22)中心、蓝色像素开口中心(第一像素开口21)、第一绿色像素开口231中心、第二绿色像素开口232中心组成一四边形，红色像素开口(第二像素开口22)中心与蓝色像素开口(第一像素开口21)中心的连线组成四边形的第二对角线k3，重复单元Z沿平行于第二对角线k3的方向依次排布，组成像素开口行；
在如图19和图20所示的像素排布方式下，红色像素开口(第二像素开口22)、第一绿色像素开口231、第二绿色像素开口232、蓝色像素开口(第一像素开口21)的形状均为圆形，直径分别为20μm、15μm、15μm、20μm，比例为1:0.75:0.75:1，设计红色像素开口(第二像素开口22)的开口外扩b12、第一绿色像素开口231的开口外扩c12、第二绿色像素开口232的开口外扩c14、蓝色像素开口(第一像素开口21)的开口外扩a12比例为1:1.3:1.3:1，则不同颜色的视角亮度衰减受黑矩阵开口的影响程度几乎相同；由于此像素结构的形状为圆形，所以各个方向的开口外扩比例设计相同；
经过以上匹配，红色像素开口(第二像素开口22)的开口外扩b12、第一绿色像素开口231的开口外扩c12、第二绿色像素开口232的开口外扩c14、蓝色像素开口(第一像素开口21)的开口外扩a12分别为2μm、2.6μm、2.6μm、2μm。
在一种可能的实施方式中，结合图5所示，开口外扩的范围为2nm～10nm。本公开实施例中，由于工艺限制，开口外扩需要大于2nm，而开口外扩需要小于10nm，可以避免两种像素之间的像素限定层太小限制导致无黑矩阵存在。
在一种可能的实施方式中，结合图4所示，显示基板还包括位于像素开口20的发光部4，以及位于黑矩阵3远离像素限定层2一侧的彩膜层；其中，彩膜层包括位于黑矩阵开口30的色阻5，具体的，发光部4可以包括位于第一像素开口21的第一发光部41，位于第二像素开口22的第二发光部42，以及位于第三像素开口23的第三发光部43，色阻5包括位于第一黑矩阵开口 31的第一色阻51，位于第二黑矩阵开口32的第二色阻52，以及位于第三黑矩阵开口33的第三色阻53；色阻5的透过谱峰值波长相对于相应的发光部4的发光谱峰值波长蓝移，具体的，例如，第一色阻51的透过谱峰值波长相对于相应的第一发光部41的发光谱峰值波长蓝移；第二色阻52的透过谱峰值波长相对于相应的第二发光部42的发光谱峰值波长蓝移；第三色阻53的透过谱峰值波长相对于相应的第三发光部43的发光谱峰值波长蓝移。具体的，色阻5的透过谱峰值波长相对于相应的发光部4的发光谱峰值波长蓝移10nm～15nm。本公开实施例中，结合图21所示，图21所示为绿色像素开口(例如，绿色像素开口为第三像素开口23)处的CF透过谱波峰位置左、右移动时白光视角亮度衰减的仿真结果，图中CF p-0表示出射绿光的发光部5的光谱峰值位置与相应绿色色阻透过谱波峰位置一致，CF p-10表示绿色色阻透过谱波峰相对射绿光的发光部5发光谱的波峰蓝移10nm，CF p+10表示绿色色阻透过谱波峰相对射绿光的发光部5发光谱的波峰红移10nm，由仿真结果可知，色阻5的透过谱峰值波长相对于相应的发光部4的发光谱峰值波长蓝移，可大幅度降低色阻5对视角亮度衰减造成的影响。此处需要说明的是，此处仅以绿色色阻处作为示例说明，这种调整对红色色色阻处以及蓝色色阻处同样适用。
在一种可能的实施方式中，彩膜层也可以位于黑矩阵3朝向像素限定层2的一侧。
关于调整色阻5的透过谱峰值波长相对于相应的发光部4的发光谱峰值波长蓝移，可以改善色阻5对视角亮度衰减的原理，以下进行进一步说明：
根据吸光度公式为：A＝lg(I 0/I)＝kcL(1)，其中I 0为入射光强度，I为透射光强度，k为吸光系数，c为形成彩膜时的溶液浓度，L为光程，根据吸光度公式(1)可得：lgT＝lg(I/I 0)＝-kcL(2)，由此，可以换算出透过率与彩色滤光膜厚度的关系式为T＝T 0 (L/L0)(3)；而视角下光线经过彩色滤光膜的光程L θ＝L 0/cosθ(4)，根据公式(3)和(4)，可得到视角下透过率为T θ＝T 0 (1/cosθ)(5)，图22为绿色色阻随角度变化的透过率谱图，由图22可知，在大角度下透过 谱降低加剧，导致透过谱衰减加快；
根据电致发光器件，微腔增强后的光谱简称EL谱，材料本征光谱简称PL谱，两者间的关系为：EL(λ)＝PL(λ)G cav(λ)(6)，而微腔增益G cav(λ)为：
Figure PCTCN2021143117-appb-000001
其中，τ cav.、τ 0是分子激发态分别在微腔中和自由空间中的平均寿命，R 1、R 2分别代表不透明电极和半透明电极的反射率(不透明电极和半透明电极可以分别为发光器件的两个相对的电极)，k代表有机层中的波矢，
Figure PCTCN2021143117-appb-000002
和
Figure PCTCN2021143117-appb-000003
分别代表不透明电极和半透明电极的反射相移，L 1是到不透明电极的光学距离，T 2是半透明电极的透过率，L是光学腔长。
微腔增益G cav(λ)随着角度增大而蓝移，峰位置与角度关系式为：
Figure PCTCN2021143117-appb-000004
由公式(8)可知，θ越大，cosθ越小，λm越小，即微腔增益谱峰值λm蓝移，又材料本征光谱不变，故EL光谱蓝移，在视角下电致发光光谱(EL光谱)会蓝移，如图23所示；
当EL光谱的峰值λm距离CF透过谱峰值在正视角(即0°)红移10nm以上，如图24所示的位置关系，在大视角下EL光谱会向CF透过率增加的方向(即，图24中的左侧)移动，CF透过率最大的位置与EL光谱最大的位置重合，因此整体透过率增加，从而可减小视角下由于光程增加造成的透过率降低，达到减慢亮度衰减的目的。
在一种可能的实施方式中，不同色阻5的透过谱峰值波长相对于相应的发光部4的发光谱峰值波长蓝移长度大致相同。具体的，不同色阻5的透过谱峰值波长相对于相应的发光部4的发光谱峰值波长蓝移长度大致相同，可以理解为不同色阻的透过谱峰值波长相对于相应的发光部4的发光谱峰值波长蓝移长度不超过5nm。
在一种可能的实施方式中，结合图4所示，色阻4包括滤出红光的红色色阻，滤出蓝光的蓝色色阻，以及滤出绿光的绿色色阻，具体的，例如，第一色阻41为红色色阻，第二色阻42为绿色色阻，第三色阻43为蓝色色阻；参见图25所示，经绿色色阻41出射的绿光亮度衰减谱(-----G所示曲线)，位于经红色色阻出射的红光亮度衰减谱(
Figure PCTCN2021143117-appb-000005
所示曲线)与经蓝色色阻出射的蓝光亮度衰减谱(—B所示曲线)之间。本公开实施例中，绿光的视角亮度衰减趋势与红光的视角亮度衰减趋势、B蓝光的视角亮度衰减趋势差异越小，则白光下的视角色偏越小，通过将三种颜色的光的视角亮度衰减调整至图25所示，重新匹配视角下不同光的亮度匹配，从而达到改善视角光学特性的目的。
在一种可能的实施方式中，发光部5包括有机发光层。具体的，发光部5可以包括依次位于衬底1依次的阳极、空穴注入层、空穴传输层、有机发光层、电子传输层、电子注入层、阴极中的一者或多者。
在一种可能的实施方式中，结合图4所示，显示基板还包括位于像素限定层2与黑矩阵3之间的封装层6，以及位于封装层6与黑矩阵3之间的触控层7。具体的，彩膜层5背离像素限定层2的一侧还可以设置有覆盖层81，覆盖层81远离彩膜层5的一侧还可以设置有光学胶层82，光学胶层82背离覆盖层81的一侧还可以设置盖板膜9。覆盖层81具体可以为有机覆盖层81，用于对彩膜层5背离像素限定层2一侧的表面进行平坦。具体的，封装层6为薄膜封装层，可以包括叠层设置的第一无机封装层、有机封装层、第二无机封装层。
基于同一发明构思，本公开实施例还提供一种显示装置，包括如本公开实施例提供的显示基板。
本公开实施例中，在像素开口20位置处，在平行于衬底1的同一方向，通过使开口外扩与像素开口正投影200的长度成反比，若像素开口20的尺寸越大，则使第一黑矩阵开口31相对第一像素开口21的外扩量越小，若像素开口20的尺寸越小，则使第一黑矩阵开口31相对第一像素开口21的外扩量 越大，进而对于出光颜色不同且开口尺寸不同的像素开口，可以平衡不同出光颜色像素开口处的亮度衰减达到大致平衡，避免不同颜色视角亮度衰减受黑矩阵开口的影响程度不一致(像素开口尺寸越小，视角亮度衰减程度越大)，而导致最终显示时在大视角存在视角色偏以及视角亮度衰减变差问题。
尽管已描述了本发明的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本发明范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明实施例的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明实施例的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种显示基板，其中，包括：
    衬底；
    像素限定层，所述像素限定层位于所述衬底的一侧，具有多个出射不同颜色的像素开口，所述像素开口在所述衬底具有像素开口正投影；
    黑矩阵，所述黑矩阵位于所述像素限定层远离所述衬底的一侧，包括与所述像素开口对应的黑矩阵开口，所述黑矩阵开口在所述衬底具有黑矩阵开口正投影，所述黑矩阵开口正投影覆盖对应的所述像素开口正投影，所述黑矩阵开口相比于所述像素开口具有开口外扩；至少两个出光颜色不同的所述像素开口位置处，在平行于所述衬底的同一方向，所述开口外扩与所述像素开口正投影长度成反比。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的显示基板，其中，所述像素开口正投影为多边形，所述像素开口包括出射第一颜色光的第一像素开口，所述第一像素开口具有沿第一方向延伸的第一边，所述第一像素开口的所述第一边的长度大于或等于所述第一像素开口的其余边长，且大于或等于其余出光颜色的所述像素开口的最大边长；
    至少两个出光颜色不同的所述像素开口位置处，在平行于所述衬底且垂直于所述第一方向，所述开口外扩与所述像素开口正投影长度成反比。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的显示基板，其中，至少两个出光颜色不同的所述像素开口位置处，在平行于所述衬底的所述第一方向，所述开口外扩与所述像素开口正投影长度成反比。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的显示基板，其中，所述第一像素开口为出射红光的红色像素开口，所述像素开口还包括：出射蓝光的蓝色像素开口，以及出射绿光的绿色像素开口；
    一所述蓝色像素开口、一所述红色像素开口、一所述绿色像素开口沿垂直于所述第一方向的方向依次排布，组成一重复单元，多个所述重复单元沿 垂直于所述第一方向的方向依次排布，组成像素开口行。
  5. 如权利要求2或3所述的显示基板，其中，所述第一像素开口为出射蓝光的蓝色像素开口，所述像素开口还包括：出射红光的红色像素开口，以及出射绿光的绿色像素开口；
    一所述红色像素开口、一所述绿色像素开口、一所述蓝色像素组成一重复单元，且所述重复单元内，所述红色像素开口与所述绿色像素开口沿所述第一方向排布，过所述蓝色像素开口中心且垂直于所述第一方向的直线位于所述红色像素开口与所述绿色像素开口之间的间隙处；多个所述重复单元沿垂直于所述第一方向的方向依次排布，组成像素开口行。
  6. 如权利要求2或3所述的显示基板，其中，所述第一像素开口为出射蓝光的蓝色像素开口，所述像素开口还包括：出射红光的红色像素开口，以及出射绿光的第一绿色像素开口和第二绿色像素开口；
    一所述红色像素开口、一所述第一绿色像素开口、一所述第二绿色像素开口、一所述蓝色像素组成一重复单元，且所述重复单元内，所述红色像素开口中心、所述蓝色像素开口中心、所述第一绿色像素开口中心、所述第二绿色像素开口中心组成一四边形，所述四边形的其中两个边平行于所述第一方向，其余两个边垂直于所述第一方向，所述红色像素开口中心与所述蓝色像素开口中心的连线组成所述四边形的第一对角线，所述重复单元沿平行于所述第一对角线的方向依次排布，组成像素开口行。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的显示基板，其中，所述像素开口在所述衬底的投影为圆形，所述像素开口包括：出射蓝光的蓝色像素开口，出射红光的红色像素开口，以及出射绿光的第一绿色像素开口和第二绿色像素开口；
    一所述红色像素开口、一所述第一绿色像素开口、一所述第二绿色像素开口、一所述蓝色像素开口组成一重复单元，且所述重复单元内，所述红色像素开口中心、所述蓝色像素开口中心、所述第一绿色像素开口中心、所述第二绿色像素开口中心组成一四边形，所述红色像素开口中心与所述蓝色像素开口中心的连线组成所述四边形的第一对角线，所述重复单元沿平行于所 述第一对角线的方向依次排布，组成像素开口行。
  8. 如权利要求1-7任一项所述的显示基板，其中，在平行于所述衬底的同一方向，至少两个出光颜色不同的所述像素开口处所述开口外扩比例，与相应出光颜色所述像素开口正投影的长度比例大致成反比。
  9. 如权利要求1-8任一项所述的显示基板，其中，所述开口外扩的范围为2nm～10nm。
  10. 如权利要求1-9任一项所述的显示基板，其中，所述显示基板还包括位于所述像素开口的发光部，以及位于所述黑矩阵远离所述像素限定层一侧的彩膜层；其中，所述彩膜层包括位于所述黑矩阵开口的色阻；
    所述色阻的透过谱峰值波长相对于相应的所述发光部的发光谱峰值波长蓝移。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的显示基板，其中，所述色阻的透过谱峰值波长相对于相应的所述发光部的发光谱峰值波长蓝移10nm～15nm。
  12. 如权利要求10所述的显示基板，其中，不同所述色阻的透过谱峰值波长相对于相应的所述发光部的发光谱峰值波长蓝移长度大致相同。
  13. 如权利要求10所述的显示基板，其中，所述色阻包括滤出红光的红色色阻，滤出蓝光的蓝色色阻，以及滤出绿光的绿色色阻；
    经所述绿色色阻出射的绿光亮度衰减谱，位于经所述红色色阻出射的红光亮度衰减谱与经所述蓝色色阻出射的蓝光亮度衰减谱之间。
  14. 如权利要求10所述的显示基板，其中，所述发光部包括有机发光层。
  15. 如权利要求1-14任一项所述的显示基板，其中，所述显示基板还包括位于所述像素限定层与所述黑矩阵之间的封装层，以及位于所述封装层与所述黑矩阵之间的触控层。
  16. 一种显示装置，其中，包括如权利要求1-15任一项所述的显示基板。
PCT/CN2021/143117 2021-12-30 2021-12-30 一种显示基板和显示装置 Ceased WO2023123217A1 (zh)

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PCT/CN2021/143117 WO2023123217A1 (zh) 2021-12-30 2021-12-30 一种显示基板和显示装置
KR1020237042674A KR20240126005A (ko) 2021-12-30 2021-12-30 디스플레이 기판 및 디스플레이 장치

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