WO2023123350A1 - 无汇流排电池模组及电池包 - Google Patents

无汇流排电池模组及电池包 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023123350A1
WO2023123350A1 PCT/CN2021/143665 CN2021143665W WO2023123350A1 WO 2023123350 A1 WO2023123350 A1 WO 2023123350A1 CN 2021143665 W CN2021143665 W CN 2021143665W WO 2023123350 A1 WO2023123350 A1 WO 2023123350A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
spacer
battery module
battery
tabs
plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/143665
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈卓烈
崔鑫
李登科
何亚飞
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Envision Ruitai Dynamics Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
Envision Ruitai Power Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
Envision Dynamics Technology Jiangsu Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Envision Ruitai Dynamics Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
Envision Ruitai Power Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
Envision Dynamics Technology Jiangsu Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Envision Ruitai Dynamics Technology Shanghai Co Ltd, Envision Ruitai Power Technology Shanghai Co Ltd, Envision Dynamics Technology Jiangsu Co Ltd filed Critical Envision Ruitai Dynamics Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
Priority to JP2023573668A priority Critical patent/JP7752706B2/ja
Priority to US18/567,773 priority patent/US20240145856A1/en
Priority to EP21969701.8A priority patent/EP4459786A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/143665 priority patent/WO2023123350A1/zh
Priority to CN202190000996.XU priority patent/CN221080294U/zh
Publication of WO2023123350A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023123350A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • H01M50/367—Internal gas exhaust passages forming part of the battery cover or case; Double cover vent systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/514—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells
    • H01M50/516—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells by welding, soldering or brazing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/548—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on opposite sides of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/564—Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process
    • H01M50/566—Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process by welding, soldering or brazing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, for example, to a battery module and a battery pack without busbars.
  • the energy density of battery packs is related to the cruising range of electric vehicles.
  • the current battery pack uses a large number of secondary batteries for series-parallel combination.
  • the safety of battery packs directly affects the safety of electric vehicles and passengers. Therefore, the safety of battery packs has become an obstacle to the promotion of electric vehicles. How to effectively solve the safety problem of the battery pack has become an urgent technical problem to be solved.
  • Battery modules have been adopted by more and more domestic battery manufacturers in recent years. The overall dimensions of battery modules are similar, but the structures are different.
  • the thickness of the battery cell is often limited due to reasons such as the limitation of battery cell expansion. This leads to a large restriction on the size of the bus bar after the cells are grouped.
  • the constraints on the size of the bus bar, and the size requirements of the welding process then It is not suitable to continue to use busbars to realize series-parallel connection.
  • This application proposes a battery module and battery pack without a bus bar.
  • the design of the bus bar is canceled to prevent the bus bar from blocking the high-temperature smoke.
  • the high-temperature smoke can be discharged in time, and at the same time, the tab of the battery cell Isolation to prevent thermal runaway caused by short circuit caused by contact between adjacent tabs during operation, and prevent heat spread at the tabs.
  • the present application provides a battery module without busbars, including:
  • a plurality of electric cores, tabs are provided at both ends of each electric core, and the interconnected electric cores are directly connected through the tabs, and a separation component is provided adjacent to the electric cores.
  • the separation component is a heat insulation plate
  • the battery module without busbars also includes an outer enclosure plate, and the outer enclosure plate includes two oppositely arranged a side plate and two opposite end plates, the end plates are arranged between the side plates;
  • the heat shield is arranged between the adjacent electric cores, the first end of each heat shield is located in the area surrounded by the tab connection of the adjacent electric cores, and each of the heat shields
  • the distance between the second end of the heat insulating plate and the end plate is smaller than the distance between the tab and the end plate.
  • the above-mentioned battery module without busbars it also includes a spacer, the spacer is arranged between the battery cells to divide a plurality of the battery cells into multiple groups of battery cells, each The cell pack includes at least two cells, the distance from the first end of the spacer to the end plate is smaller than the distance from the lug to the end plate, and the second ends of the spacer are located adjacent to each other. In the area enclosed after the tabs of the battery cells are connected.
  • the spacer includes a first spacer and a second spacer, and the first spacer includes a first body and a The heat insulation layer on both sides of the body, the first frame body is provided with a first groove channel along the length direction to allow the wires to pass through, the second partition frame includes a second frame body and is arranged on the second frame body Insulation on both sides.
  • the tabs of the battery cells on both sides of the first separator are welded through connectors; the second separator and the heat insulation
  • the tabs of the battery cells on both sides of the board are welded to each other.
  • both the first frame and the second frame are made of metal.
  • the first frame body includes partition plates and horizontal plates, the partition plates are arranged at intervals, and the horizontal plates are arranged between the partition plates, and each horizontal plate has two The ends are respectively connected with the partition boards, and the horizontal boards are arranged at intervals.
  • a plurality of vent holes are provided on the end plate, and a plurality of the battery cells and a plurality of the vent holes are provided in one-to-one correspondence.
  • reinforcing ribs are provided in the space surrounded by the vent holes, and the reinforcing ribs are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vent holes.
  • the separation component is a tab bracket
  • a plurality of said batteries are connected in series or in parallel through tabs;
  • the tab bracket is arranged at one end of the battery core, at least one end of the tab bracket is connected to an output pole, the tab bracket includes a wire harness area and a tab separation area connected to the wire harness area, and the pole
  • the ear separation area is provided with a plurality of separators, and the plurality of separators are arranged at intervals to form connection holes, and each connection hole is pierced with tabs, and the tabs pierced in the same connection hole are bent and stacked directly are fixedly connected to each other.
  • the wiring harness area is provided with a plurality of wiring harness stoppers and a plurality of wiring harness fixing columns, and a wiring harness fixing column is arranged above each of the connecting holes .
  • the battery module without busbars, it also includes a spacer, the spacer is arranged between the battery cells to divide a plurality of the battery cells into a plurality of battery cell groups, each The battery pack includes at least two batteries.
  • the spacer includes a first spacer and a second spacer, the first spacer is located in the middle of the battery module, and the first spacer is located in the middle of the battery module.
  • the two sides of the spacer are respectively provided with the second spacer, the first spacer includes a first frame body and heat insulation layers arranged on both sides of the first frame body, and the first frame body is along the length
  • the direction is provided with a first slot-shaped passage for the passage of electric wires, and the second partition frame includes a second frame body and heat insulation layers arranged on both sides of the second frame body.
  • the tabs of the battery cells arranged on both sides of the first spacer are welded by connectors; the battery cells on both sides of the second spacer The tabs are welded to each other.
  • both the first frame and the second frame are made of metal.
  • the first frame body includes partition plates and horizontal plates, the partition plates are arranged at intervals, and the horizontal plates are arranged between the partition plates, and each horizontal plate has two The ends are respectively connected to the partition boards, and the horizontal boards are arranged at intervals to form the first groove-shaped channel.
  • the above battery module without busbars also includes an outer enclosure plate
  • the outer enclosure plate includes a top plate, a bottom plate, two opposite side plates and two opposite end plates, each Both ends of the end plate are respectively connected to the two side plates, the top plate, the bottom plate, the two side plates and the two end plates are connected to form a cavity for accommodating the electric core
  • the end plate is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes, and the plurality of the battery cells and the plurality of the exhaust holes are provided in one-to-one correspondence.
  • reinforcing ribs are provided in the space surrounded by the vent holes.
  • the present application also provides a battery pack, including the bus-barless battery module described above.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bus-less battery module provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Fig. 2 is an exploded schematic view of the bus-less battery module provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a battery module without busbars provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of place A in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of B in Fig. 3 .
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module without busbars provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the tab holder provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a partial enlarged view at C in Fig. 7;
  • Fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view of the connection between the tab provided by the second embodiment of the application and the connection with the connector after passing through the tab bracket;
  • Fig. 10 is a partial view of the first spacer provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • a first feature being "on” or “under” a second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, and may also include the first and second features Not in direct contact but through another characteristic contact between them.
  • “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature on the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature.
  • “Below”, “beneath” and “under” the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.
  • the present application provides a battery module without a bus bar and a battery pack
  • the battery pack includes a battery module without a bus bar
  • the battery module without a bus bar includes: a plurality of battery cells (3), each of the battery cells (3)
  • the battery cores (3) that are provided with tabs (31) at both ends and are connected to each other are directly connected through the tabs (31), and a partition is provided between adjacent battery cores (3) components.
  • This embodiment 1 provides a battery pack, which can isolate adjacent tabs after thermal runaway occurs, preventing thermal runaway tabs from affecting adjacent tabs and causing thermal runaway of adjacent tabs, preventing Spread of heat at the poles.
  • the battery pack includes a battery module without a busbar, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the battery module without a busbar includes an outer enclosure, a bottom plate, a top plate 7 and a plurality of battery cells 3, the top plate 7 and the bottom plate are respectively arranged on the outer enclosure
  • the top and bottom of the board are respectively connected with the outer surrounding board, wherein the outer surrounding board includes two oppositely arranged side boards 1 and two oppositely arranged end boards 2, and the end boards 2 are arranged between the side boards 1.
  • tabs 31 are provided at both ends of the cells 3 and the interconnected cells 3 are directly connected through the tabs 31 , and the tabs 31 are connected in series or in parallel.
  • a heat shield 4 is arranged between adjacent battery cells 3, the first end of each heat shield 4 is located in the area surrounded by the connection of the tabs 31 of adjacent battery cells 3, and the first end of each heat shield 4 The distance between the two ends and the end plate 2 is smaller than the distance between the tab 31 and the end plate 2 .
  • the design of canceling the bus bar prevents the bus bar from blocking high-temperature flue gas. Therefore, the tabs 31 are directly connected, and the high-temperature smoke can be discharged in time when the heat is out of control, and the two heat shields 4 that are arranged at intervals and are not located in the area surrounded by the tab welding can limit the welded tabs 31 to one In the separation area, this type of separation area can isolate the welded tab 31 from other tabs 31 and reduce the rate of heat spread at the welded tab 31 . After the bus bar is eliminated, the tabs 31 are directly connected, for example, by welding, which is conducive to the effective discharge of high-temperature flue gas when thermal runaway occurs.
  • the bus-less battery module includes an outer enclosure plate and a plurality of battery cells.
  • the outer enclosure plate includes two opposite side plates and two opposite end plates. The end plates are arranged between the side plates; There are tabs and the battery cells are directly connected through the tabs.
  • the distance between the second end of each heat shield and the end plate is smaller than the distance from the tab to the end plate, and the two longer heat shields arranged at intervals can limit the welded tabs in a separated area (i.e. The two heat shields that are set and are not located in the area surrounded by the tab welding can limit the tabs in a separation area), this kind of separation area can prevent adjacent tabs from contacting during operation to cause short circuit and cause heat Out of control, and this kind of separation area can isolate the welded tab from other tabs, reducing the heat spread rate at the welded tab.
  • the tabs are directly connected, which is conducive to the effective discharge of high-temperature flue gas when the heat is out of control.
  • the length of the insulation board is longer than that of the insulation board with busbars, and the insulation effect is better.
  • the battery module without busbars When the battery module without busbars is large, the thermal runaway of a single battery cell 3 spreads faster. In order to reduce the heat spread, refer to Figure 2.
  • the battery module without busbars also includes a separator, a separator It is arranged between the battery cells 3 to divide the multiple battery cells 3 into multiple battery cell groups, and each battery cell group includes at least two battery cells 3 . It can be understood that the number of cells 3 in each cell group can be distributed evenly or unevenly, and the number of cells 3 in each cell group is limited according to actual needs.
  • the distance from the first end of the spacer to the end plate 2 is smaller than the distance from the tab 31 to the end plate 2, and the second ends of the spacer are located in the area formed by the connection of the tabs 31 of the adjacent cells 3. within the area. That is, the first end of the spacer can be arranged in contact with the end plate 2, so as to separate the plurality of battery cells 3 into independent battery cell groups, and the spacer and the heat shield 4 can effectively reduce the heat spread of the battery cells 3. rate.
  • the spacer includes a first spacer 5 and a second spacer 6 .
  • the first spacer 5 includes a first frame body and heat insulation layers arranged on both sides of the first frame body, and the first frame body is provided with a first groove-shaped channel that allows electric wires to pass through along the length direction so as to facilitate the battery module without busbars. group wiring.
  • the second partition frame 6 includes a second frame body and heat insulation layers arranged on both sides of the second frame body. Both the first spacer 5 and the second spacer 6 include a heat insulating layer, and the heat insulation layer can reduce the heat spreading rate, so that the first spacer 5 and the second spacer 6 can effectively reduce the heat generated by a cell group.
  • the thermal spread rate after failure avoids the thermal runaway of adjacent cell groups in a relatively short period of time.
  • the thickness of the first spacer 5 is greater than the thickness of the second spacer 6 .
  • the tabs 31 of the battery cells 3 on both sides of the first spacer 5 are connected by 8 is welded, that is, the tabs 31 of the battery cells 3 located on both sides of the first separator 5 are welded with the same connecting piece 8 to realize the connection of the tabs 31, and the connecting piece 8 is a copper plate.
  • the tabs 31 of the battery cells 3 on both sides of the second spacer 6 and the heat shield 4 are directly welded to each other.
  • the bus bar is eliminated, and the tab 31 is directly welded, which is beneficial to the effective discharge of high-temperature smoke when thermal runaway occurs.
  • the insulating support includes a tab support.
  • the reserved space can be designed with a longer heat shield 4, and the longer the heat shield 4, the more heat can be suppressed.
  • the heat insulating plate 4 abuts against the end plate 2 , the heat insulating plate 4 on both sides of the tab 31 and the end plate 2 form a grid, and the grid can prevent the heat from the tab 31 from spreading to adjacent tabs 31 .
  • both the first frame body and the second frame body are made of metal. Both the first frame body and the second frame body are made of metal aluminum, and this arrangement can improve the strength of the first spacer 5 and the second spacer 6 .
  • the first frame body includes a partition board and a horizontal board, the partition boards are arranged at intervals, and the horizontal boards are arranged between the partition boards, and the two ends of each horizontal board are respectively connected with the partition board, and the horizontal board interval setting.
  • the arrangement of the transverse plates at intervals can form the first groove-shaped channel, which facilitates the wiring of the battery module without busbars, and the arrangement of the transverse plates can also improve the strength of the first spacer 5 .
  • the end plate 2 is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes 21, a plurality of battery cells 3 and a plurality of row
  • the air holes 21 are provided in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the battery cells 3 and the exhaust holes 21 are set in one-to-one correspondence, which can realize the directional exhaust function of the thermal runaway battery cells 3, which is conducive to the slow runaway of the battery cells 3 and improves the safety of the battery pack.
  • the exhaust hole 21 is a waist-shaped hole, that is, a long hole. Since the length of the exhaust hole 21 is long, it will affect the overall strength of the battery module without busbars.
  • the exhaust A reinforcing rib is arranged in the space surrounded by the hole 21 .
  • a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the exhaust hole 21 .
  • a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged in the space formed by the vent hole 21 , and the reinforcing ribs are arranged along the length of the vent hole 21 , which can effectively improve the strength of the end plate 2 .
  • each side plate 1 is provided with an output pole, and the tab 31 of the battery cell 3 adjacent to the side plate 1 is welded to the output pole through copper wires to ensure that the battery module without bus bars can be used normally.
  • heat insulation layer and the heat insulation board 4 may be a heat insulation ceramic material layer, aluminum oxide or glass fiber, and the like.
  • this embodiment provides a battery module, the battery module is not provided with a bus bar, so that the tabs of the battery cells are directly fixedly connected, and by setting the tab separation area, it is possible to prevent the two sides of the tab separation area. The contact of the tabs causes a short circuit, ensuring the reliability of the module without busbars.
  • the bus-barless battery module includes a plurality of battery cells 3 , tab holders 9 , separators and an outer surrounding plate, wherein the outer surrounding plate has a cavity.
  • the outer enclosure plate includes a top plate 7, a bottom plate, two side plates 1 and two end plates 2, the two side plates 1 are arranged opposite to each other, the two ends of each end plate 2 are respectively connected with the side plate 1, and the two end plates 2 are opposite to each other.
  • the top plate 7 is set on the top of the end plate 2 and the side plate 1
  • the bottom plate is set on the bottom of the end plate 2 and the side plate 1
  • the top plate 7, the bottom plate the two side plates 1 and the two end plates 2 are connected to form A cavity for accommodating the electric core 3 .
  • the battery cell 3 , the tab holder 9 and the spacer are placed in the cavity surrounded by the outer enclosure, wherein a plurality of battery cells 3 are connected in series or in parallel through the tab 31 , and the tab holder 9 is arranged at one end of the battery cell 3 .
  • the tab bracket 9 includes a wire harness area 91 and a tab separation area 92 connected to the wire harness area 91 .
  • the tab separation area 92 is provided with a plurality of separators 921, and the plurality of separators 921 are arranged at intervals to form connection holes 922.
  • Each connection hole 922 is pierced with a tab 31, and the tabs in the same connection hole 922 31 bending stacks are directly fixedly connected to each other.
  • the wire harness area 91 is provided with a second grooved channel.
  • the bus bar design is canceled, and the battery cells 3 and the battery cells 3 are directly connected, which can simplify the process, effectively reduce costs, and cancel the bus bar design Able to provide enough accommodation space for other components.
  • canceling the design of the bus bar avoids the blocking of the high-temperature flue gas by the bus bar, and the high-temperature flue gas can be discharged in time when the heat is out of control.
  • the tab separation area 92 of the tab bracket 9 can isolate the tab 31 to prevent the battery module from During the working process, the tabs 31 contact and short circuit.
  • the second slot-shaped channel can integrate low-voltage acquisition lines to ensure the reliability of the battery module.
  • the wire harness area 91 is provided with a plurality of wire harness stoppers 911 and a plurality of wire harness fixing posts 912 , and a wire harness fixing post 912 is arranged above each connecting hole 922 .
  • the wire harness limit buckle 911 and the wire harness fixing column 912 cooperate to fix the wire harness, so that the low-voltage collection line is neatly laid in the wire harness area 91 of the tab bracket 9, so that the space at the front end of the tab bracket 9 is rationally utilized to prevent low-voltage wires from messy.
  • the battery module in this embodiment also includes a spacer, which is arranged between the battery cells 3 to separate multiple
  • the battery cell 3 is divided into multiple battery cell groups, and each battery cell group includes at least two battery cells 3.
  • the battery cells 3 of one of the battery cell groups are thermally out of control, due to the existence of the separator, the out-of-control battery cells 3 can be prevented.
  • the heat generated spreads to the non-runaway battery pack. It can be understood that the number of wires in each battery pack can be distributed evenly or unevenly, and the number of battery cells 3 in each battery pack is limited according to actual needs.
  • the spacer includes a first spacer 5 and a second spacer.
  • the first spacer 5 includes a first frame body and heat insulating layers arranged on both sides of the first frame body.
  • the first frame body is provided with a first slot-shaped channel along the length direction through which electric wires can pass to facilitate wiring of the battery module.
  • the second partition frame includes a second frame body and heat insulation layers arranged on both sides of the second frame body. Both the first spacer 5 and the second spacer include a heat insulating layer, and the heat insulation layer can reduce the rate of heat spread, so that the first spacer 5 and the second spacer can effectively reduce the thermal failure of a cell group.
  • the thermal spread rate avoids the thermal runaway of adjacent cell groups in a short period of time.
  • the first spacer 5 is located in the middle of the battery module, and the second spacer is located on both sides of the first spacer 5.
  • the number of the first spacer 5 is one, and the number of the second spacer is at least two.
  • the first spacer 5 is provided with a first slot-shaped channel along the length direction, the first spacer 5 is thicker than the second spacer.
  • the tabs 31 of the battery cells 3 at both ends of the first spacer 5 in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. Welding, that is, the tabs 31 of the battery cells 3 located on both sides of the first separator 5 are welded to the same connecting piece 8 to realize the connection of the tabs 31 .
  • the connector 8 is a copper plate.
  • the tabs 31 of the battery cells 3 of the second separator are directly welded to each other.
  • the bus bar is eliminated, and the tab 31 is directly welded, which is beneficial to the effective discharge of high-temperature smoke when thermal runaway occurs.
  • both the first frame body and the second frame body are made of metal. Both the first frame body and the second frame body are made of metal aluminum, and this arrangement can improve the strength of the first spacer 5 and the second spacer.
  • the first frame body includes a partition plate 51 and a horizontal plate 52, the partition plates 51 are arranged at intervals, and the horizontal plates 52 are arranged between the partition plates 51, and each horizontal plate 52 has two The ends are respectively connected with the partition plates 51, and the horizontal plates 52 are arranged at intervals.
  • the arrangement of the horizontal plates 52 at intervals can form the first groove-shaped channel, which facilitates the wiring of the battery module. Meanwhile, the arrangement of the horizontal plates 52 can also improve the strength of the first spacer 5 .
  • the vent hole 21 is a waist-shaped hole, that is, a long hole. Since the vent hole 21 is long, it will affect the overall strength of the battery module. Therefore, in this embodiment, the vent hole 21 is surrounded by Reinforcing ribs are arranged in the formed space.
  • a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the exhaust hole 21 .
  • a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged in the space formed by the vent hole 21 , and the reinforcing ribs are arranged along the length of the vent hole 21 , which can effectively improve the strength of the end plate 2 .
  • each side plate 1 is provided with an output pole, and the tab 31 of the cell 3 adjacent to the side plate 1 is welded to the output pole through copper wires to ensure that the battery module can be used normally. .
  • Embodiment 2 of the present application also provides a battery pack, which includes the bus-barless battery module described in Embodiment 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及动力电池技术领域，尤其涉及无汇流排电池模组及电池包。本申请提供的无汇流排电池模组，包括：多个电芯(3)，每个所述电芯(3)两端设置有极耳(31)且相互连接的所述电芯(3)之间通过所述极耳(31)直接连接，相邻所述电芯(3)之间设置有分隔组件。本申请极耳直接连接，取消汇流排避免了汇流排对高温烟气的阻拦，在热失控时高温烟气能够及时排出，同时能够将电芯的极耳隔离，防止相邻的极耳在工作时接触造成短路引起热失控，防止极耳处热蔓延。

Description

无汇流排电池模组及电池包 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，例如涉及一种无汇流排电池模组及电池包。
背景技术
随着环境保护问题日益受到重视，新能源电动汽车日益普及。电池包的能量密度关乎电动汽车的续航里程。为了获得高能量的要求，目前电池包采用数量较多的二次电池进行串并联组合。而随着电池包的能量密度越来越高，其热安全问题也越来越严重。电池包的安全直接影响着电动汽车与乘客的安全，因此，电池包的安全问题成为阻碍电动汽车推广的一道阻力。如何有效解决电池包的安全问题成为亟待解决的技术问题。
随着电动汽车行业的发展，电动汽车厂对于电池包系统的成本要求越来越苛刻，从而推动电芯以及电池模组的标准化。电池模组近年来已被国内越来越多的电池厂家采用，电池模组总体外形尺寸相近，结构又各不相同。
相关技术中，由于电芯膨胀限制等原因，电芯的厚度往往受到限制。这导致电芯成组后对于汇流排尺寸有较大的制约，而在需要大倍率充放电使用条件下，考虑过流能力以及对汇流排尺寸空间的制约、焊接工艺装配尺寸要求等因素，则不适合继续采用汇流排的方式实现串并联。
因此，亟需一种无汇流排电池模组及电池包，以解决上述技术问题。
发明内容
本申请提出一种无汇流排电池模组及电池包，取消汇流排的设计避免了汇流排对高温烟气的阻拦，在热失控时高温烟气能够及时排出，同时能够将电芯的极耳隔离，防止相邻的极耳在工作时接触造成短路引起热失控，防止极耳处热蔓延。
第一方面，本申请提供一种无汇流排电池模组，包括：
多个电芯，每个所述电芯两端设置有极耳且相互连接的所述电芯之间通过所述极耳直接连接，相邻所述电芯设置有分隔组件。
作为上述无汇流排电池模组的一种优可选技术方案，所述分隔组件为隔热板，所述无汇流排电池模组还包括外包围板，所述外包围板包括两个相对设置的侧板和两个相对设置的端板，所述端板设置于所述侧板之间；
其中，所述隔热板设置于相邻所述电芯之间，每个所述隔热板的第一端位于相邻所述电芯的极耳连接后围成的区域内，每个所述隔热板的第二端与所述端板的距离小于所述极耳到所述端板的距离。
作为上述无汇流排电池模组的一种可选技术方案，还包括分隔架，所述分隔架设置于所述电芯之间以将多个所述电芯分成多组电芯组，每个电芯组至少包括两个电芯，所述分隔架的第一端到所述端板的距离小于所述极耳到所述端板的距离，所述分隔架的第二端均位于相邻所述电芯的所述极耳连接后围成的区域内。
作为上述无汇流排电池模组的一种可选技术方案，所述分隔架包括第一分隔架和第二分隔架，所述第一分隔架包括第一架体和设置于所述第一架体两侧的隔热层，所述第一架体沿长度方向设置有能够使电线通过的第一槽型通道，所述第二分隔架包括第二架体和设置于所述第二架体两侧的隔热层。
作为上述无汇流排电池模组的一种可选技术方案，所述第一分隔架两侧的所述电芯的所述极耳通过连接件焊接；所述第二分隔架和所述隔热板两侧的所述电芯的所述极耳相互焊接。
作为上述无汇流排电池模组的一种可选技术方案，所述第一架体和所述第二架体均由金属制成。
作为上述无汇流排电池模组的一种可选技术方案，第一架体包括分隔板和横板，分隔板间隔设置，且横板设置于分隔板之间，每个横板两端分别与分隔板连接，所述横板间隔设置。
作为上述无汇流排电池模组的一种可选技术方案，所述端板上设置有多个 排气孔，多个所述电芯和多个所述排气孔一一对应设置。
作为上述无汇流排电池模组的一种可选技术方案，所述排气孔围成的空间内设置有加强筋，所述加强筋沿所述排气孔长度方向间隔设置。
作为上述无汇流排电池模组的一种可选技术方案，在所述电芯两端未设置有绝缘支架。
作为上述无汇流排电池模组的一种可选技术方案，所述分隔组件为极耳支架；
多个所述电芯通过极耳串联或并联连接；
所述极耳支架设置于所述电芯的一端，所述极耳支架至少一端连接有输出极，所述极耳支架包括线束区和与所述线束区连接的极耳分隔区，所述极耳分隔区设置有多个分隔件，多个所述分隔件间隔设置以形成连接孔，每个所述连接孔均穿设有极耳，且穿设在同一连接孔的极耳折弯层叠直接相互固定连接。
作为上述无汇流排电池模组的一种可选技术方案，所述线束区设置有多个线束限位扣和多个线束固定柱，每个所述连接孔上方均设置有一所述线束固定柱。
作为上述无汇流排电池模组的一种可选技术方案，还包括分隔架，所述分隔架设置于所述电芯之间以将多个所述电芯分成多个电芯组，每个电芯组至少包括两个电芯。
作为上述无汇流排电池模组的一种可选技术方案，所述分隔架包括第一分隔架和第二分隔架，所述第一分隔架位于所述电池模组的中部，所述第一分隔架的两侧分别设置有所述第二分隔架，所述第一分隔架包括第一架体和设置于所述第一架体两侧的隔热层，所述第一架体沿长度方向设置有能够使电线通过的第一槽型通道，所述第二分隔架包括第二架体和设置于所述第二架体两侧的隔热层。
作为上述无汇流排电池模组的一种可选技术方案，设置于所述第一分隔架两侧的所述电芯的极耳通过连接件焊接；所述第二分隔架两侧的电芯的极耳相 互焊接。
作为上述无汇流排电池模组的一种可选技术方案，所述第一架体和所述第二架体均由金属制成。
作为上述无汇流排电池模组的一种可选技术方案，第一架体包括分隔板和横板，分隔板间隔设置，且横板设置于分隔板之间，每个横板两端分别与分隔板连接，所述横板间隔设置以形成所述第一槽型通道。
作为上述无汇流排电池模组的一种可选技术方案，还包括外包围板，所述外包围板包括顶板、底板、两个相对设置的侧板和两个相对设置的端板，每个所述端板两端分别与两个所述侧板连接，所述顶板、所述底板、两个所述侧板和两个所述端板连接以形成容置所述电芯的空腔，所述端板上设置有多个排气孔，多个所述电芯和多个所述排气孔一一对应设置。
作为上述无汇流排电池模组的一种可选技术方案，所述排气孔围成的空间内设置有加强筋。
第二方面，本申请还提供了一种电池包，包括上述所述的无汇流排电池模组。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例一提供的无汇流排电池模组的结构示意图；
图2是本申请实施例一提供的无汇流排电池模组的分解示意图；
图3是本申请实施例一提供的无汇流排电池模组剖视图；
图4是图3中A处的局部放大图；
图5是图3中B处的局部放大图。
图6是本申请实施例二提供的无汇流排电池模组的结构示意图；
图7是本申请实施例二提供的极耳支架的结构示意图；
图8是图7中C处局部放大图；
图9是本申请实施例二提供的极耳穿过极耳支架连接后的与连接件连接的 局部放大图；
图10是本申请实施例二提供的第一分隔架的局部视图。
图中：
1、侧板；2、端板；21、排气孔；3、电芯；31、极耳；4、隔热板；5、第一分隔架；51、分隔板；52、横板；6、第二分隔架；7、顶板；8、连接件；9、极耳支架；91、线束区；911、线束限位扣；912、线束固定柱；92、极耳分隔区；921、分隔件；922、连接孔。
具体实施方式
在本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”、“固定”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本实施例的描述中，术语“上”、“下”、“右”、等方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述和简化操作，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅仅用于在描述上加 以区分，并没有特殊的含义。
本申请提供一种无汇流排电池模组以及电池包，所述电池包包括无汇流排电池模组，该无汇流排电池模组包括：多个电芯(3)，每个所述电芯(3)两端设置有极耳(31)且相互连接的所述电芯(3)之间通过所述极耳(31)直接连接，相邻所述电芯(3)之间设置有分隔组件。
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请作详细说明。
实施例一
本实施例一中提供了一种电池包，该电池包能够在出现热失控后对相邻的极耳进行隔绝，防止热失控极耳殃及相邻的极耳造成相邻极耳热失控，防止极耳处热蔓延。
该电池包包括无汇流排电池模组，如图1和图2所示，无汇流排电池模组包括外包围板、底板、顶板7和多个电芯3，顶板7和底板分别设置在外包围板的顶部和底部，并分别与外包围板连接，其中外包围板包括两个相对设置的侧板1和两个相对设置的端板2，端板2设置于侧板1之间。
如图3-5所示，电芯3两端设置有极耳31且相互连接的电芯3之间通过极耳31直接连接，极耳31串联连接或并联连接。相邻电芯3之间设置有隔热板4，每个隔热板4的第一端位于相邻电芯3的极耳31连接后围成的区域内，每个隔热板4的第二端与端板2的距离小于极耳31到端板2的距离。
由于相邻电芯3之间设置有隔热板4且该电池模组没有汇流排，取消汇流排的设计避免了汇流排对高温烟气的阻拦。因此，极耳31直接连接，在热失控时高温烟气能够及时排出，间隔设置且均不位于极耳焊接围成的区域内的两个隔热板4能够将焊接的极耳31限定在一个分隔区域内，该种分隔区域能够将焊接的极耳31与其他极耳31隔绝，降低焊接后的极耳31处的热蔓延速率。取消汇流排后极耳31直接连接，例如是焊接，有利于热失控时的高温烟气有效排出。
无汇流排电池模组包括外包围板和多个电芯，外包围板包括两个相对设置 的侧板和两个相对设置的端板，端板设置于侧板之间；电芯两端设置有极耳且电芯通过极耳直接连接，相邻电芯之间设置有隔热板，每个隔热板的第一端位于相邻电芯的极耳连接后围成的区域内，每个隔热板的第二端与端板的距离小于极耳到端板的距离。由于相邻电芯之间设置有隔热板且该电池模组没有汇流排，取消汇流排避免了汇流排对高温烟气的阻拦，因此，极耳直接连接，在热失控时高温烟气能够及时排出。每个隔热板的第二端与端板的距离小于极耳到端板的距离，间隔设置的两个较长的隔热板能够将焊接后的极耳限定在一个分隔区域内(即间隔设置且均不位于极耳焊接围成的区域内的两个隔热板能够将极耳限定在一个分隔区域内)，该种分隔区域能够防止相邻的极耳在工作时接触造成短路引起热失控，且该种分隔区域能够将焊接后的极耳与其他极耳隔绝，降低焊接后的极耳处的热蔓延速率。取消汇流排后极耳直接连接，有利于热失控时的高温烟气有效排出。隔热板长度相较于有汇流排的隔热板而言长度更长，保温效果更好。
当无汇流排电池模组较大时，单个电芯3热失控后蔓延速度较快，为了降低热蔓延，参考图2，在本实施例中无汇流排电池模组还包括分隔架，分隔架设置于电芯3之间以将多个电芯3分成多个电芯组，每个电芯组至少包括两个电芯3单体。可以理解的是，每个电芯组的电芯3数量可均匀分配或非均匀分配，每个电芯组的电芯3数量根据实际需要进行限定。需要说明的是，分隔架的第一端到端板2的距离小于极耳31到端板2的距离，分隔架的第二端均位于相邻电芯3的极耳31连接后围成的区域内。即分隔架的第一端可与端板2抵接设置，从而将多个电芯3分隔成独立的电芯组，分隔架和隔热板4配合，能够有效地降低电芯3热蔓延的速率。
可选地，分隔架包括第一分隔架5和第二分隔架6。第一分隔架5包括第一架体和设置于第一架体两侧的隔热层，第一架体沿长度方向设置有能够使电线通过的第一槽型通道以便于无汇流排电池模组布线。第二分隔架6包括第二架体和设置于第二架体两侧的隔热层。第一分隔架5和第二分隔架6均包括隔热 层，隔热层能够实现对热蔓延速率降低，从而可使第一分隔架5和第二分隔架6有效降低一个电芯组发生热失效后热蔓延速率，避免了相邻电芯组在较短时间内发生热失控。
由于第一分隔架5沿长度方向设置有能够使电线通过的第一槽型通道，因此第一分隔架5的厚度会大于第二分隔架6的厚度。为了能够使第一分隔架5两端电芯3的极耳31连接，如图3-5所示，在本实施例中，第一分隔架5两侧的电芯3的极耳31通过连接件8焊接，即位于第一分隔架5两侧的电芯3的极耳31与同一个连接件8焊接实现极耳31的连接，连接件8为铜板。此外，在本实施例中，第二分隔架6和隔热板4两侧的电芯3的极耳31则直接相互焊接在一起。
本实施例中取消了汇流排，直接将极耳31焊接，有利于热失控时的高温烟气有效排出。同时，在电芯3两端未设置有绝缘支架，绝缘支架包括极耳支架，预留出的空间可以设计更长的隔热板4，隔热板4越长，则越能够抑制热蔓延。当隔热板4与端板2抵接时，极耳31两侧的隔热板4和端板2构成一个格子，格子则能够防止极耳31热蔓延至相邻的极耳31。可选地，第一架体和第二架体均由金属制成。第一架体和第二架体均由金属铝制成，该种设置能够提高第一分隔架5和第二分隔架6的强度。
可选地，第一架体包括分隔板和横板，分隔板间隔设置，且横板设置于分隔板之间，每个横板两端分别与分隔板连接，所述横板间隔设置。横板间隔设置能够形成第一槽型通道，便于无汇流排电池模组布线，同时横板的设置，也能够提高第一分隔架5的强度。
为了能够实现将无汇流排电池模组内的热气排除，参考图1和图2，在本实施例中，端板2上设置有多个排气孔21，多个电芯3和多个排气孔21一一对应设置。电芯3和排气孔21一一对应设置，能够实现热失控电芯3的定向排气功能，有利于电芯3缓慢失控，提升电池包安全。可选地，排气孔21为腰型孔，即长条形孔，由于排气孔21长度较长，会影响无汇流排电池模组整体的强度， 为此，本实施例中，排气孔21围成的空间内设置有加强筋。示例性地，多个加强筋沿排气孔21长度方向间隔设置。多个加强筋设置在排气孔21形成的空间内，且加强筋沿排气孔21长度设置，可有效的提高端板2的强度。
需要说明的是，在每个侧板1上均设置有输出极，与侧板1的相邻的电芯3的极耳31则通过铜线与输出极焊接，以保证无汇流排电池模组能够正常使用。
需要说明的是，隔热层和隔热板4可以为隔热陶瓷材料层、氧化铝或玻璃纤维等。
实施例二
由于电芯膨胀限制等原因，电芯的厚度往往受到限制。这导致电芯成组后对于汇流排尺寸有较大的制约，而在需要大倍率充放电使用条件下，考虑过流能力以及对汇流排尺寸空间的制约、焊接工艺装配尺寸要求等因素，则不适合继续采用汇流排的方式实现串并联。为此，本实施例中提供了一种电池模组，该电池模组没有设置汇流排，使电芯的极耳直接固定连接，通过设置极耳分隔区，能够防止极耳分隔区两侧的极耳接触引起短路，在无汇流排的情况下保证模组的可靠性。
如图6所示，该无汇流排电池模组包括多个电芯3、极耳支架9、分隔架和外包围板，其中外包围板具有空腔。外包围板包括顶板7、底板、两个侧板1和两个端板2，两个侧板1相对设置，每个端板2的两端分别与侧板1连接，两个端板2相对且间隔设置，顶板7设置于端板2和侧板1的顶部，底板设置于端板2和侧板1的底部，顶板7、底板、两个侧板1和两个端板2连接以形成容置电芯3的空腔。电芯3、极耳支架9和分隔架置于外包围板围成的空腔内，其中多个电芯3通过极耳31串联或并联连接，极耳支架9设置于电芯3的一端。
如图7所示，极耳支架9至少一端连接有输出极，极耳支架9包括线束区91和与线束区91连接的极耳分隔区92。极耳分隔区92设置有多个分隔件921，多个分隔件921间隔设置以形成连接孔922，每个连接孔922均穿设有极耳31， 且穿设在同一连接孔922的极耳31折弯层叠直接相互固定连接。线束区91设置有第二槽型通道。
本实施例中提供的电池模组，极耳31折弯层叠直接相互固定连接，则取消汇流排设计，电芯3和电芯3直接连接，可以简化工艺，有效降低成本，同时取消汇流排设计能够为其他组件提供足够的容置空间。此外，取消汇流排设计避免了汇流排对高温烟气的阻拦，在热失控时高温烟气能够及时排出，极耳支架9的极耳分隔区92能够将极耳31隔离，防止电池模组在工作过程中极耳31接触而短路。第二槽型通道则能够集成低压采集线，保证电池模组的可靠性。
可选地，参考图8，在本实施例中线束区91设置有多个线束限位扣911和多个线束固定柱912，每个连接孔922上方均设置有一线束固定柱912。线束限位扣911和线束固定柱912配合用于将线束固定，从而使低压采集线整齐铺设在极耳支架9的线束区91，从而使极耳支架9前端的空间被合理利用，防止低压线杂乱。
当电池模组较大时，单个电芯3热失控后蔓延速度较快，为了降低热蔓延，本实施例中电池模组还包括分隔架，分隔架设置于电芯3之间以将多个电芯3分成多个电芯组，每个电芯组至少包括两个电芯3，当其中一个电芯组的电芯3热失控后，由于分隔架的存在，能够防止失控的电芯3产生的热量蔓延至未失控电芯组处。可以理解的是，每个电芯组的电线数量可均匀分配或非均匀分配，每个电芯组的电芯3数量根据实际需要进行限定。
可选地，如图6所示，分隔架包括第一分隔架5和第二分隔架。第一分隔架5包括第一架体和设置于第一架体两侧的隔热层，第一架体沿长度方向设置有能够使电线通过的第一槽型通道以便于电池模组布线。第二分隔架包括第二架体和设置于第二架体两侧的隔热层。第一分隔架5和第二分隔架均包括隔热层，隔热层能够实现对热蔓延速率降低，从而可使第一分隔架5和第二分隔架有效降低一个电芯组发生热失效后热蔓延速率，避免了相邻电芯组在较短时间内发生热失控。第一分隔架5位于电池模组的中间处，第二分隔架则位于第一 分隔架5的两侧。第一分隔架5数量为一个，第二分隔架数量至少为两个。
由于第一分隔架5沿长度方向设置有能够使电线通过的第一槽型通道，因此第一分隔架5的厚度会大于第二分隔架的厚度。为了能够使第一分隔架5两端电芯3的极耳31连接，在本实施例中，如图9所示，第一分隔架5两侧的电芯3的极耳31通过连接件8焊接，即位于第一分隔架5两侧的电芯3的极耳31与同一个连接件8焊接实现极耳31的连接。在一个实施例中，连接件8为铜板。在本实施例中第二分隔架的电芯3的极耳31则直接相互焊接在一起。本实施例中取消了汇流排，直接将极耳31焊接，有利于热失控时的高温烟气有效排出。可选地，第一架体和第二架体均由金属制成。第一架体和第二架体均由金属铝制成，该种设置能够提高第一分隔架5和第二分隔架的强度。
可选地，如图10所示，第一架体包括分隔板51和横板52，分隔板51间隔设置，且横板52设置于分隔板51之间，每个横板52两端分别与分隔板51连接，横板52间隔设置。横板52间隔设置能够形成第一槽型通道，便于电池模组布线，同时横板52的设置，也能够提高第一分隔架5的强度。
为了能够实现将电池模组内的热气排除，在本实施例中，如图6所示，端板2上设置有多个排气孔21，多个电芯3和多个排气孔21一一对应设置。电芯3和排气孔21一一对应设置，能够实现热失控电芯3的定向排气功能，有利于电芯3缓慢失控，提升电池包安全。可选地，排气孔21为腰型孔，即长条形孔，由于排气孔21长度较长，会影响电池模组整体的强度，为此，本实施例中，排气孔21围成的空间内设置有加强筋。示例性地，多个加强筋沿排气孔21长度方向间隔设置。多个加强筋设置在排气孔21形成的空间内，且加强筋沿排气孔21长度设置，可有效的提高端板2的强度。
需要说明的是，在每个侧板1上均设置有输出极，与侧板1的相邻的电芯3的极耳31则通过铜线与输出极焊接，以保证电池模组能够正常使用。
本申请实施例二中还提供了一种电池包，该电池包包括实施例二中所述的无汇流排电池模组。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种无汇流排电池模组，包括：
    多个电芯(3)，每个所述电芯(3)两端设置有极耳(31)且相互连接的所述电芯(3)之间通过所述极耳(31)直接连接，相邻所述电芯(3)之间设置有分隔组件。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无汇流排电池模组，其中，所述分隔组件为隔热板(4)，所述无汇流排电池模组还包括：
    外包围板，所述外包围板包括两个相对设置的侧板(1)和两个相对设置的端板(2)，所述端板(2)设置于所述侧板(1)之间；
    所述隔热板(4)设置于相邻所述电芯(3)之间，每个所述隔热板(4)的第一端位于相邻所述电芯(3)的极耳(31)连接后围成的区域内，每个所述隔热板(4)的第二端与所述端板(2)的距离小于所述极耳(31)到所述端板(2)的距离。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的无汇流排电池模组，还包括分隔架，所述分隔架设置于所述电芯(3)之间以将多个所述电芯(3)分成多个电芯组，每个电芯组至少包括两个电芯(3)，所述分隔架的第一端到所述端板(2)的距离小于所述极耳(31)到所述端板(2)的距离，所述分隔架的第二端均位于相邻所述电芯(3)的所述极耳(31)连接后围成的区域内。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的无汇流排电池模组，其中，所述分隔架包括第一分隔架(5)和第二分隔架(6)，所述第一分隔架(5)包括第一架体和设置于所述第一架体两侧的隔热层，所述第一架体沿长度方向设置有能够使电线通过的第一槽型通道，所述第二分隔架(6)包括第二架体和设置于所述第二架体两侧的隔热层。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的无汇流排电池模组，其中，所述第一分隔架(5)两侧的所述电芯(3)的所述极耳(31)通过连接件(8)焊接；所述第二分隔架(6)和所述隔热板(4)两侧的所述电芯(3)的所述极耳(31)相互焊接。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的无汇流排电池模组，其中，所述第一架体和所述第二架体均由金属制成。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的无汇流排电池模组，其中，所述第一架体包括分隔板(51)和横板(52)，所述分隔板(51)间隔设置，且所述横板(52)设置于所述分隔板 (51)之间，每个所述横板(52)两端分别与所述分隔板(51)连接，所述横板(52)间隔设置。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的无汇流排电池模组，其中，所述端板(2)上设置有多个排气孔(21)，多个所述电芯(3)和多个所述排气孔(21)一一对应设置。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的无汇流排电池模组，其中，所述排气孔(21)围成的空间内设置有加强筋，所述加强筋沿所述排气孔(21)长度方向间隔设置。
  10. 根据权利要求2-8任一项所述的无汇流排电池模组，其中，在所述电芯(3)两端未设置有绝缘支架。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的无汇流排电池模组，其中，所述分隔组件为极耳支架(9)；
    多个所述电芯(3)通过极耳(31)串联或并联连接；
    所述极耳支架(9)设置于所述电芯(3)的一端，所述极耳支架(9)至少一端连接有输出极，所述极耳支架(9)包括线束区(91)和与所述线束区(91)连接的极耳分隔区(92)，所述极耳分隔区(92)设置有多个分隔件(921)，多个所述分隔件(921)间隔设置以形成连接孔(922)，每个所述连接孔(922)均穿设有所述极耳(31)，且穿设在同一所述连接孔(922)的所述极耳(31)折弯层叠直接相互固定连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的无汇流排电池模组，其中，所述线束区(91)设置有多个线束限位扣(911)和多个线束固定柱(912)，每个所述连接孔(922)上方均设置有一所述线束固定柱(912)。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的无汇流排电池模组，还包括分隔架，所述分隔架设置于所述电芯(3)之间以将多个所述电芯(3)分成多个电芯组，每个所述电芯组至少包括两个所述电芯(3)。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的无汇流排电池模组，其中，所述分隔架包括第一分隔架(5)和第二分隔架(6)，所述第一分隔架(5)位于所述电池模组的中部，所述第一分隔架(5)的两侧分别设置有所述第二分隔架(6)，所述第一分隔架(5)包括第一架体和设置于所述第一架体两侧的隔热层，所述第一架体沿长度方向设置有 能够使电线通过的第一槽型通道，所述第二分隔架(6)包括第二架体和设置于所述第二架体两侧的隔热层。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的无汇流排电池模组，其中，设置于所述第一分隔架(5)两侧的所述电芯(3)的所述极耳(31)通过连接件(8)焊接；所述第二分隔架(6)两侧的所述电芯(3)的所述极耳(31)相互焊接。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的无汇流排电池模组，其中，所述第一架体和所述第二架体均由金属制成。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的无汇流排电池模组，其中，所述第一架体包括分隔板(51)和横板(52)，所述分隔板(51)间隔设置，且所述横板(552)设置于所述分隔板(51)之间，每个所述横板(52)两端分别与所述分隔板(51)连接，所述横板(52)间隔设置以形成所述第一槽型通道。
  18. 根据权利要求11所述的无汇流排电池模组，还包括外包围板，所述外包围板包括顶板(7)、底板、两个相对设置的侧板(1)和两个相对设置的端板(2)，每个所述端板(2)两端分别与两个所述侧板(1)连接，顶板(7)、底板、两个所述端板(2)以及两个所述侧板(1)连接以形成容置所述电芯(3)的空腔，所述端板(2)上设置有多个排气孔(21)，多个所述电芯(3)和多个所述排气孔(21)一一对应设置。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的无汇流排电池模组，其中，所述排气孔(21)围成的空间内设置有加强筋。
  20. 一种电池包，包括权利要求1-19任一项所述的无汇流排电池模组。
PCT/CN2021/143665 2021-12-31 2021-12-31 无汇流排电池模组及电池包 Ceased WO2023123350A1 (zh)

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