WO2023125496A1 - 便于更换的充电座及汽车 - Google Patents

便于更换的充电座及汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023125496A1
WO2023125496A1 PCT/CN2022/142218 CN2022142218W WO2023125496A1 WO 2023125496 A1 WO2023125496 A1 WO 2023125496A1 CN 2022142218 W CN2022142218 W CN 2022142218W WO 2023125496 A1 WO2023125496 A1 WO 2023125496A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cable
charging
charging stand
conductive cable
transition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/142218
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王超
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Changchun Jetty Automotive Parts Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Changchun Jetty Automotive Parts Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Changchun Jetty Automotive Parts Co Ltd filed Critical Changchun Jetty Automotive Parts Co Ltd
Priority to US18/725,728 priority Critical patent/US20250332933A1/en
Priority to JP2024600103U priority patent/JP3249339U/ja
Priority to EP22914750.9A priority patent/EP4459814A4/en
Publication of WO2023125496A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023125496A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/18—Cables specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R11/00—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts
    • H01R11/01—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts characterised by the form or arrangement of the conductive interconnection between the connecting locations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/10—Sockets for co-operation with pins or blades
    • H01R13/11—Resilient sockets
    • H01R13/111—Resilient sockets co-operating with pins having a circular transverse section
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/02—Soldered or welded connections
    • H01R4/023—Soldered or welded connections between cables or wires and terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/10—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation
    • H01R4/18—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping
    • H01R4/182—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping for flat conductive elements, e.g. flat cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2201/00—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
    • H01R2201/26—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/10—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation
    • H01R4/18—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping
    • H01R4/183—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping for cylindrical elongated bodies, e.g. cables having circular cross-section
    • H01R4/184—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping for cylindrical elongated bodies, e.g. cables having circular cross-section comprising a U-shaped wire-receiving portion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
    • H01R4/30—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a screw or nut clamping member
    • H01R4/34—Conductive members located under head of screw
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of new energy vehicle manufacturing, and more specifically, relates to a charging stand and a vehicle that are easy to replace.
  • the charging stand in the charging system includes a device fixed to the vehicle body, cables and terminals, the charging stand is fixedly installed on the car, and the charging terminal is connected to the cable.
  • the terminal and the charging cable are usually connected by crimping or welding, and then assembled to the main shell of the charging stand as a whole. The assembly is difficult and the heat dissipation performance is poor, which affects the safety of high-voltage charging.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a new technical solution to facilitate the replacement or maintenance of the electric vehicle charging stand.
  • a charging stand that is easy to replace including a charging stand main body, a transition cable and a conductive cable;
  • the main body of the charging base is provided with a charging terminal
  • One end of the transition cable is connected to the charging terminal, and the other end is detachably connected to the conductive cable.
  • An automobile comprising the above-mentioned easy-to-replace charging stand, the main body of the charging stand is detachably connected to the body of the automobile, and the conductive cable is arranged on the body.
  • the beneficial effect of the present application is that when replacing the charging stand, the main body of the charging stand can be removed from the vehicle body only by separating the transition cable from the conductive cable, without disassembling the conductive cable already fixed in the vehicle body .
  • the present application can disconnect the power supply system during maintenance of the charging stand or before charging, so as to cut off the electric shock risk of maintenance personnel.
  • Fig. 1 is a front view of an easy-to-replace charging stand of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a connection relationship of a transition cable of an easily replaceable charging stand of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another connection relationship of a transition cable of a charging stand that is easy to replace in the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a right side view of an easy-to-replace charging stand of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a bent portion of a charging stand that is easy to replace in the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a twisted portion of a charging stand that is easy to replace according to the present application.
  • the present application discloses an easy-to-replace charging stand, as shown in Figures 1-4, including a charging stand main body 1, a transition cable 2 and a conductive cable 3; the charging stand main body 1 is provided with a charging terminal 11; One end of the transition cable 2 is connected to the charging terminal 11 , and the other end is detachably connected to the conductive cable 3 .
  • the structure of the existing charging stand is that the conductive cable 3 is directly connected to the charging terminal 11 in the main body 1 of the charging stand, and the conductive cable 3 is firmly fixed in the vehicle body.
  • the conductive cable 3 can avoid other accessories in the car, and in order to avoid the loosening of the conductive cable 3 caused by the shaking of the car for a long time, the conductive cable 3 from the charging stand to the car battery often requires careful route setting and a firm fixing method.
  • disassembling the charging stand it is necessary to remove the conductive cable 3 from the main body 1 of the charging stand before removing the charging stand, and the movement of the conductive cable 3 is not simply separated from the charging stand, and multiple nodes are required Therefore, it is very cumbersome to replace the charging stand, and too much disassembly can easily cause damage to the circuit.
  • the easy-to-replace charging stand disclosed in the present application can replace the main body 1 of the charging stand without moving the conductive cable 3 .
  • the main body 1 of the charging stand can be removed from the vehicle body, and after replacing the main body 1 of the new charging stand, use the transition cable 2 to separate them.
  • the transition cable 2 is integrally formed with the charging terminal 11 , and becomes a part of the main body 1 of the charging stand to complete quick replacement, and reduce connection points to reduce resistance.
  • the charging terminal 11 and the transition cable 2 are connected together by crimping, welding, screwing or riveting.
  • the crimping is a production process that uses a crimping machine to stamp the two as one after assembling the connection end and the transition cable 2. .
  • the resistance welding method refers to a method that uses a strong current to pass through the contact point between the electrode and the workpiece, and generates heat from the contact resistance to achieve welding.
  • the friction welding method refers to the method of welding by using the heat generated by the friction of the contact surface of the workpiece as the heat source to cause the workpiece to undergo plastic deformation under pressure.
  • the ultrasonic welding method is to use high-frequency vibration waves to transmit to the surfaces of two objects to be welded. Under pressure, the surfaces of the two objects are rubbed against each other to form fusion between molecular layers.
  • the arc welding method refers to using the arc as a heat source and using the physical phenomenon of air discharge to convert electrical energy into thermal energy and mechanical energy required for welding, so as to achieve the purpose of connecting metals.
  • the main methods are electrode arc welding, submerged arc welding, and gas protection. welding etc.
  • Laser welding is an efficient and precise welding method that uses a high-energy-density laser beam as a heat source.
  • the electron beam welding method refers to the use of accelerated and focused electron beams to bombard the welding surface placed in a vacuum or non-vacuum, so that the workpiece to be welded is melted to achieve welding.
  • the diffusion welding method refers to a solid-state welding method in which the workpiece is pressurized at high temperature without visible deformation and relative movement.
  • the magnetic induction welding method is that two workpieces to be welded are subjected to an instantaneous high-speed collision under the action of a strong pulsed magnetic field. Form a stable metallurgical bond. It is a kind of solid-state cold welding, which can weld conductive metals with similar or dissimilar properties together.
  • the connecting end of the charging terminal 11 is flat, and screw holes are provided on the connecting end and the transition cable 2, and the two are connected by screws and nuts.
  • the connecting end of the charging terminal 11 is columnar and has an external thread, as shown in FIG. 2 , there is a hole on the transition cable 2 , which is sleeved on the connecting end and then tightened with a nut to complete the screw connection.
  • the rivet will pass through the fixing hole provided on the overlapping part of the connection end of the charging terminal 11 and the transition cable 2, and deform the end through which the rivet passes to tighten the fixing hole, so that the connection end and the transition cable 2 Fixed connection.
  • the conductive cable 3 is a cable, and the conductive cable 3 is connected to the transition cable 2 by bolts, as shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the conductive cable 3 is a cable, screw holes can be provided on the conductive cable 3 and the transition cable 2, and then connected with bolts, which is more convenient for installation or separation.
  • the conductive cable 3 is a copper bar or an aluminum bar.
  • copper wires are used to conduct current. Copper has high conductivity and good ductility. However, as the price of copper increases day by day, the material cost of using copper as a wire will become higher and higher. For this reason, people have also begun to use relatively low-priced aluminum. Compared with copper, aluminum is lighter in weight and second only to copper in electrical conductivity. Aluminum can replace part of copper in the field of electrical connections. Therefore, copper bars or aluminum bars can be selected according to needs.
  • the main body of the charging base 1 is a DC charging base body.
  • there are two charging terminals 11 namely a positive terminal 111 and a negative terminal 112 .
  • the positive terminal 111 and the negative terminal 112 are respectively connected to a transition cable 2, and each transition cable 2 is detachably connected to a conductive cable 3 to form a complete DC charging stand.
  • the charging terminal 11 has a plated layer.
  • the charging terminal 11 is a copper terminal or an aluminum terminal, and copper or aluminum, as an active metal, will oxidize with oxygen and water during use, so one or several inert metals are required as a coating to prolong the battery life with memory. Functional terminal life.
  • the plating layer can be provided on the charging terminal 11 by means of electroplating, electroless plating, magnetron sputtering or vacuum plating.
  • the electroplating method is the process of plating a thin layer of other metals or alloys on some metal surfaces by using the principle of electrolysis.
  • the electroless plating method is a process of metal deposition through a controllable oxidation-reduction reaction under the catalysis of metals.
  • the magnetron sputtering method uses the interaction between the magnetic field and the electric field to make electrons run in a spiral shape near the target surface, thereby increasing the probability of electrons colliding with argon to generate ions.
  • the generated ions hit the target surface under the action of the electric field to sputter out the target material.
  • the vacuum plating method is to deposit various metal and non-metal films on the surface of plastic parts by distillation or sputtering under vacuum conditions.
  • the contact resistance between the transition cable 2 and the conductive cable 3 is less than 9m ⁇ .
  • the contact resistance between the transition cable 2 and the conductive cable 3 is less than 1m ⁇ .
  • the contact resistance between the transition cable 2 and the conductive cable 3 is greater than 9m ⁇ , a Larger temperature rise, and with the increase of time, the temperature will become higher and higher. Excessively high temperature may be transmitted to the insulation layer of the transition cable 2 and the conductive cable 3, causing the corresponding insulation layer to melt and fail to function. The role of insulation protection, in serious cases, will lead to short circuit of the line, damage to the connection structure, and even safety accidents such as burning. At the same time, too high contact resistance will also affect the conductivity. Therefore, the inventors set the contact resistance between the transition cable 2 and the conductive cable 3 to be less than 9m ⁇ .
  • the inventor selected the same conductive cable 3 and the transition cable 2, and the connection of different contact resistances way, and conduct tests on the conductivity and temperature rise of the transition cable 2.
  • the conductivity test is to connect the transition cable 2 to the conductive cable 3 and then electrify to detect the conductivity of the corresponding connection.
  • the conductivity is greater than 99%, which is an ideal value.
  • the temperature rise test is to connect the same current, detect the temperature at the same position of the transition cable 2 and the conductive cable 3 before power-on and after the temperature is stabilized in a closed environment, and take the absolute value of the difference. In this embodiment, a temperature rise greater than 50K is considered unqualified. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • the contact resistance between the transition cable 2 and the conductive cable 3 is less than 1m ⁇
  • the temperature rise at the connection between the transition cable 2 and the conductive cable 3 does not exceed 20K, and the temperature rise is very small.
  • the rate has reached 99.9%, and the conductive effect is good, so the inventors prefer that the contact resistance between the transition cable 2 and the conductive cable 3 be less than 1m ⁇ .
  • the transition cable 2 has at least one bent portion 21 , as shown in FIG. 5 , the angle between two adjacent planes connected by the bent portion 21 is 45°-180°.
  • the bending part 21 can make the over-transition cable have different outlet directions, but if the angle is not suitable, the conductive cable 3 may not be installed.
  • the inventor conducted related experiments and selected the same charging stand body 1, The same conductive cable 3 and different transition cables 2, each transition cable 2 has a bend 21 with a different angle, first connect the transition cable 2 to the main body of the charging stand 1, if the conductive cable 3 can be connected normally , it is qualified, otherwise it is unqualified, and the results are shown in Table 2.
  • Table 2 Effects of bends with different included angles on whether conductive cables can be installed.
  • the transition cable 2 has at least one twisted portion 22 , as shown in FIG. 6 , the included angle between two adjacent planes connected by the twisted portion 22 is 0°-90°. That is to say, the two planes of the transition cable 2 form a certain angle through the twisting of the twisting portion 22 , and the angle can be any value according to needs, so as to meet different assembly environments.
  • the present application also discloses an automobile, including the above-mentioned easy-to-replace charging stand, the main body 1 of the charging stand is detachably connected to the car body, and the conductive cable 3 is arranged on the car body.
  • the charging stand needs to be replaced, there is no need to move the conductive cable 3, only the transition cable 2 and the conductive cable 3 need to be separated, and then the main body 1 of the charging stand is removed.
  • the transition The cable 2 is connected to the conductive cable 3 again, thereby completing the replacement of the charging stand.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种便于更换的充电座及汽车，涉及新能源汽车制造技术领域,包括充电座主体（1）、过渡排线（2）和导电线缆（3）；所述充电座主体（1）内设置有充电端子（11）；所述过渡排线（2）一端与所述充电端子（1）连接，另一端与所述导电线缆（3）可拆卸连接。本申请的有益效果是：在更换充电座时，只需要将过渡排线与导电线缆分开，就可以将充电座主体从车体上卸下，不需要拆卸已经固定在车身内的导电线缆。此外，本申请可以在充电座维修时或者充电前对通电系统断开连接从而断绝维修人员的触电风险。

Description

便于更换的充电座及汽车
本申请要求享有2021年12月30日递交、申请号为202123414838.X、名称为“便于更换的充电座及汽车”的中国专利的优先权，该专利的所有内容在此全部引入。
技术领域
本申请涉及新能源汽车制造技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种便于更换的充电座及汽车。
背景技术
随着社会的发展和经济水平的提高，人们的环境保护的意识逐步增强，对低碳生活及低碳经济的需求也愈发强烈。电动汽车的使用越来越多。电动汽车通过设置充电座与充电枪匹配进行充电。充电系统中的充电座包括与车身固定的装置、线缆和端子，充电座固定安装在汽车上，充电端子连接线缆。在充电座正常设计过程中，通常是端子与充电线缆采用压接或焊接进行连接，再整体装配到充电座主壳体上，装配困难，散热性能差，影响高压充电的安全性，更重要的是，当需要更换充电座时，需要先拆卸线缆，再将充电座从车体上卸下，费时费力。同时，传统的充电座在充电或者维修过程中如果有短路或者其它原因造成短路或者连通容易对操作及维修人员造成危害。因此，现有技术中亟需一种新的方案来解决上述问题。
发明内容
本申请的目的是提供一种方便电动汽车充电座更换或维修的新技术方案。
一种便于更换的充电座，包括充电座主体、过渡排线和导电线缆；
所述充电座主体内设置有充电端子；
所述过渡排线一端与所述充电端子连接，另一端与所述导电线缆可拆卸连接。
一种汽车，包括如上所述的便于更换的充电座，所述充电座主体与汽车的车体可拆卸连接，所述导电线缆设置在所述车体上。
本申请的有益效果是：在更换充电座时，只需要将过渡排线与导电线缆分开，就可以将充电座主体从车体上卸下，不需要拆卸已经固定在车身内的导电线缆。此外，本申请可以在充电座维修时或者充电前对通电系统断开连接从而断绝维修人员的触电风险。
通过以下参照附图对本申请的示例性实施例的详细描述，本申请的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本申请的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本申请的原理。
图1为本申请一种便于更换的充电座的正视图。
图2为本申请一种便于更换的充电座的过渡排线一种连接关系的示意图。
图3为本申请一种便于更换的充电座的过渡排线另一种连接关系的示意图。
图4为本申请一种便于更换的充电座的右视图。
图5为本申请一种便于更换的充电座的弯曲部示意图。
图6为本申请一种便于更换的充电座的扭曲部示意图。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本申请的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本申请的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本申请及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
本申请公开了一种便于更换的充电座，如图1-图4所示，包括充电座主体1、过渡排线2和导电线缆3；所述充电座主体1内设置有充电端子11；所述过渡排线2一端与所述充电端子11连接，另一端与所述导电线缆3可拆卸连接。现有的充电座结构都是导电线缆3直接连接充电座主体1内的充电端子11，同时导电线缆3被牢牢固定在车体内，为了车体的整体布局更合理，为了导电线缆3能够避开其他的车内配件，也为了避免长时间汽车的抖动造成导电线缆3的松动，导电线缆3从充电座到汽车电池往往需要精心的路线设置和牢靠的固定方式。当要拆卸充电座时，需要先将导电线缆3从充电座主体 1上拆下才能移除充电座，而导电线缆3的移动不是简单的和充电座分离就行的，还需要多个节点的拆卸，因此使更换充电座成为一个非常繁琐的工作，过多的拆解也容易造成电路的损坏。当要维修充电座时，传统的充电座在充电或者维修过程中如果有短路或者其它原因造成短路或者连通容易对操作及维修人员造成危害。本申请可以方便的先断开过渡排线2和导电线缆3的连接再进行维修。同时本申请所公开的便于更换的充电座能够在不动导电线缆3的情况下，单独更换充电座主体1。在更换充电座时，只需要将过渡排线2与导电线缆3分开，就可以将充电座主体1从车体上卸下，更换好新的充电座主体1后再用过渡排线2分别与充电端子11及导电线缆3连接，完成安装。在一些实施例中，过渡排线2与充电端子11一体成型，成为充电座主体1的一部分也能完成快速更换，并且减少连接点以减小电阻。
在一些实施例中，所述充电端子11与所述过渡排线2通过压接、焊接、螺接或铆接连接在一起。
当充电端子11与过渡排线2的连接端为扁平状时，采用压接方式，压接是将连接端与过渡排线2装配后，使用压接机，将两者冲压为一体的生产工艺。
当充电端子11与过渡排线2进行焊接时，可以采用电阻焊接、摩擦焊接、超声波焊接、弧焊、激光焊接、电子束焊接、扩散焊接或磁感应焊接。
电阻焊接方式，是指一种利用强大电流通过电极和工件间的接触点，由接触电阻产生热量而实现焊接的一种方法。
摩擦焊接方式，是指利用工件接触面摩擦产生的热量为热源，使工件在压力作用下产生塑性变形而进行焊接的方法。
超声波焊接方式，是利用高频振动波传递到两个需焊接的物体表面，在加压的情况下，使两个物体表面相互摩擦而形成分子层之间的熔合。
弧焊方式，是指以电弧作为热源，利用空气放电的物理现象，将电能转换为焊接所需的热能和机械能，从而达到连接金属的目的，主要方法有焊条电弧焊、埋弧焊、气体保护焊等。
激光焊接方式，是利用高能量密度的激光束作为热源的一种高效精密焊接方法。
电子束焊接方式，是指利用加速和聚焦的电子束轰击置于真空或非真空中的焊接面，使被焊工件熔化实现焊接。
扩散焊方式，指将工件在高温下加压，但不产生可见变形和相对移动的固态焊方法。
磁感应焊接方式，是两个被焊工件在强脉冲磁场作用下，产生瞬间高速碰撞，材料表层在很高的压力波作用下，使两种材料的原子在原子间距离内相遇，从而在界面上形成稳定的冶金结合。是固态冷焊的一种，可以将属性相似或不相似的传导金属焊接在一起。
采用螺接，有两种方式。一是充电端子11的连接端为扁平状，在连接端及过渡排线2上均设置有螺孔，通过螺钉及螺母将二者连接。或者充电端子11的连接端为柱状且具有外螺纹，如图2所示，过渡排线2上有孔，套接在连接端后再用螺母拧紧完成螺接。
采用铆接，将铆钉贯穿充电端子11的连接端与过渡排线2重叠的部位上设置的固定孔，并将铆钉穿过的一端变形，使固定孔拉紧，从而使连接端与过渡排线2固定连接。
在一些实施方式中，所述导电线缆3为排线，所述导电线缆3与所述过渡排线2通过螺栓连接，如图3所示。当导电线缆3为排线时，可以在导电线缆3和过渡排线2上设置螺孔，再用螺栓连接，更方便进行安装或分离。
在一些实施方式中，所述导电线缆3为铜排或铝排。在电气连接领域，都在使用铜导线进行电流的传导，铜的导电率高，延展性好。但是，随着铜价日益上涨，使用铜材作为导线的材料成本会越来越高。为此，人们也开始使用价格相对较低的铝，并且相对于铜，铝的重量较轻，导电率仅次于铜，铝在电气连接领域可以替代部分铜。因此，可以根据需要选择铜排或铝排。
在一些实施方式中，所述充电座主体1为直流充电座主体，如图4所示，所述充电端子11为两个，分别为正极端子111和负极端子112。正极端子111和负极端子112分别连接一个过渡排线2，每个过渡排线2均与一个导电线缆3可拆卸连接从而组成一个完整的直流充电座。
在一些实施方式中，所述充电端子11具有镀层。充电端子11为铜端子或铝端子，而铜或铝作为一种活泼金属，在使用过程中会与氧气和水发生氧化反应，因此需要一种或几种不活泼金属作为镀层，延长带有记忆功能的端子的使用寿命。镀层可采用电镀、化学镀、磁控溅射或者真空镀等方法设置在充电端子11上。
电镀方法，就是利用电解原理在某些金属表面上镀上一薄层其它金属或合金的过程。
化学镀方法，是在金属的催化作用下，通过可控制的氧化还原反应产生金属的沉积过程。
磁控溅射方法，是利用磁场与电场交互作用，使电子在靶表面附近成螺旋状运行，从而增大电子撞击氩气产生离子的概率。所产生的离子在电场作用下撞向靶面从而溅射出靶材。
真空镀方法，是采用在真空条件下，通过蒸馏或溅射等方式在塑件表面沉积各种金属和非金属薄膜。
在一些实施例中，所述过渡排线2与所述导电线缆3的接触电阻小于9mΩ。
进一步地，过渡排线2与所述导电线缆3的接触电阻小于1mΩ。
一般情况下，过渡排线2与所述导电线缆3之间需要导通较大电流，如果过渡排线2与所述导电线缆3之间的接触电阻大于9mΩ，则在接触位置会产生较大的温升，并且随着时间的增加，温度会越来越高，过高的温度或传导至过渡排线2和导电线缆3的绝缘层，导致对应的绝缘层熔化，无法起到绝缘保护的作用，严重时会导致线路短路造成连接结构损坏，甚至燃烧等安全事故。同时接触电阻过高也会影响导电率，因此，发明人设定过渡排线2与所述导电线缆3之间的接触电阻小于9mΩ。
为了验证过渡排线2与所述导电线缆3之间的接触电阻对连接处的温升和导电率的影响，发明人选用相同的导电线缆3和过渡排线2，不同接触电阻的连接方式，并进行对过渡排线2的导电率和温升的测试。
导电率测试是将过渡排线2与所述导电线缆3连接后通电，检测相应的连接处的导电率，在本实施例中，导电率大于99％为理想值。
温升测试是接通相同的电流，在封闭的环境下检测通电前和温度稳定后的过渡排线2与所述导电线缆3相同位置的温度，并做差取绝对值。在本实施例中，温升大于50K认为不合格。结果如表1所示。
表1，不同过渡排线2与所述导电线缆3之间的接触电阻对导电率和温升的影响：
Figure PCTCN2022142218-appb-000001
从上表1可以看出，当过渡排线2与所述导电线缆3之间的接触电阻大于9mΩ时，温升超过50K，同时导电率也小于99％，不符合标准要求。因此，发明人设定过渡排线2与所述导电线缆3之间的接触电阻小于9mΩ。
优选的，当过渡排线2与所述导电线缆3之间的接触电阻小于1mΩ时，过渡排线2与所述导电线缆3连接处温升不超过20K，温升值很小，另外导电率都达到了99.9％，导电效果好，所以发明人优选过渡排线2与所述导电线缆3之间的接触电阻小于1mΩ。
在一些实施方式中，所述过渡排线2具有至少一个弯曲部21，如图5所示，所述弯曲部21连接的相邻两个平面的夹角为45°-180°。弯曲部21能够使过过渡排线具有不同的出线方向，但是角度不合适的话可能无法安装导电线缆3，为了寻找合适的夹角，发明人进行了相关试验，选用相同的充电座主体1、相同的导电线缆3和具有不同的过渡排线2，每个过渡排线2具有不同角度的弯曲部21，先将过渡排线2和充电座主体1连接，如果导电线缆3能够正常连接，则为合格，否则为不合格，结果如表2所示。
表2：具有不同夹角的弯曲部对能否安装导电线缆的影响。
Figure PCTCN2022142218-appb-000002
如表2所示，当弯曲部21连接的相邻两个平面的夹角小于45°时，导电线缆3无法安装，为不合格，当该夹角大于等于45°时，导电线缆3均可安装，因此，发明人优选弯曲部21连接的相邻两个平面的夹角为45°-180°。
在一些实施方式中，所述过渡排线2具有至少一个扭曲部22，如图6所示，所述扭曲部22连接的相邻两个平面的夹角为0°-90°。也就是说过渡排线2两个平面通过扭曲部22的扭曲形成一定的角度，该角度可以根据需要为任意值，从而满足不同的装配环境。
本申请还公开了一种汽车，包括如上所述的便于更换的充电座，所述充电座主体1与汽车的车体可拆卸连接，所述导电线缆3设置在所述车体上。当需要更换充电座时，不需要移动导电电缆3，只需要将过渡排线2与导电线缆3分开，再取下充电座主体1，维修后或更换新的充电座主体1后，将过渡排线2与导电线缆3再次连接，从而完成充电座的更换。而维修充电座主体1时，只需要断开过渡排线2与导电线缆3就可以在断电的情况下进行为序，能够保障工作人员的安全。
虽然已经通过例子对本申请的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本申请的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本申请的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本申请的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种便于更换的充电座，其特征在于：包括充电座主体(1)、过渡排线(2)和导电线缆(3)；
    所述充电座主体(1)内设置有充电端子(11)；
    所述过渡排线(2)一端与所述充电端子(11)连接，另一端与所述导电线缆(3)可拆卸连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种便于更换的充电座，其特征在于：所述充电端子(11)与所述过渡排线(2)通过压接、焊接、螺接或铆接连接在一起。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种便于更换的充电座，其特征在于：所述导电线缆(3)为排线，所述导电线缆(3)与所述过渡排线(2)通过螺栓连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种便于更换的充电座，其特征在于：所述导电线缆(3)为铜排或铝排。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种便于更换的充电座，其特征在于：所述充电座主体(1)为直流充电座主体，所述充电端子(11)为两个，分别为正极端子(111)和负极端子(112)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种便于更换的充电座，其特征在于：所述充电端子(11)具有镀层。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种便于更换的充电座，其特征在于：所述过渡排线(2)与所述导电线缆(3)的接触电阻小于9mΩ。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种便于更换的充电座，其特征在于：所述过渡排线(2)具有至少一个弯曲部(21)，所述弯曲部(21)连接的相邻两个平面的夹角为45°-180°。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种便于更换的充电座，其特征在于：所述过渡排线(2)具有至少一个扭曲部(22)，所述扭曲部(22)连接的相邻两个平面的夹角为0°-90°。
  10. 一种汽车，其特征在于：包括如权利要求1-9任一项所述的便于更换的充电座，所述充电座主体(1)与汽车的车体可拆卸连接，所述导电线缆(3)设置在所述车体上。
PCT/CN2022/142218 2021-12-30 2022-12-27 便于更换的充电座及汽车 Ceased WO2023125496A1 (zh)

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CN216698973U (zh) * 2021-12-30 2022-06-07 长春捷翼汽车零部件有限公司 便于更换的充电座及汽车
CN115842260A (zh) * 2022-07-26 2023-03-24 安波福中央电气（上海）有限公司 适于铜铝连接的高压连接器
CN219739372U (zh) * 2023-03-27 2023-09-22 长春捷翼汽车科技股份有限公司 一种便于更换线缆的充电座
FR3165362A1 (fr) * 2024-07-31 2026-02-06 Mecatraction Dispositif de connexion électrique et procédé d’assemblage d’un tel dispositif de connexion électrique
CN118849847B (zh) * 2024-09-23 2025-02-14 上海玖行能源科技有限公司 一种自动充电系统及方法

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EP4459814A4 (en) 2025-04-02
CN216698973U (zh) 2022-06-07
US20250332933A1 (en) 2025-10-30
EP4459814A1 (en) 2024-11-06
JP3249339U (ja) 2024-12-04

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