WO2023141774A1 - 电池、用电设备、制造电池的方法和设备 - Google Patents

电池、用电设备、制造电池的方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023141774A1
WO2023141774A1 PCT/CN2022/073858 CN2022073858W WO2023141774A1 WO 2023141774 A1 WO2023141774 A1 WO 2023141774A1 CN 2022073858 W CN2022073858 W CN 2022073858W WO 2023141774 A1 WO2023141774 A1 WO 2023141774A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
pressure relief
relief mechanism
fire
battery cells
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/073858
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
伍林山
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to EP22922625.3A priority Critical patent/EP4456300A4/en
Priority to CN202280061441.5A priority patent/CN117981152A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/073858 priority patent/WO2023141774A1/zh
Publication of WO2023141774A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023141774A1/zh
Priority to US18/663,102 priority patent/US20240297403A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
    • A62C35/10—Containers destroyed or opened by flames or heat
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/298—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the wiring of battery packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • H01M50/358—External gas exhaust passages located on the battery cover or case
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • H01M50/367—Internal gas exhaust passages forming part of the battery cover or case; Double cover vent systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery, an electrical device, a method and a device for manufacturing a battery.
  • Energy saving and emission reduction is the key to the sustainable development of the automobile industry.
  • electric vehicles have become an important part of the sustainable development of the automobile industry due to their advantages in energy saving and environmental protection.
  • battery technology is an important factor related to its development.
  • the present application provides a battery, an electric device, a method and a device for manufacturing the battery, which can improve the safety of the battery.
  • a battery in a first aspect, includes: a plurality of battery cells arranged along a first direction, the first wall of the battery cells is provided with a pressure relief mechanism, and the pressure relief mechanism is used for activated when the pressure or temperature inside the battery cells reaches a threshold value, so as to release the pressure inside the battery cells; a protective member covering the plurality of battery cells on the outside A pressure relief mechanism for each battery cell, and forms an exhaust passage with the first walls of the plurality of battery cells, and the exhaust passage is used to pass through the pressure relief mechanism when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated. Emissions from the mechanism are discharged from both ends of the exhaust passage in the first direction.
  • the battery of the embodiment of the present application is provided with a protective member covering a plurality of battery cells arranged along the first direction, therefore, the protective member extends along the first direction, so that the exhaust channel formed by the protective member Extends along a first direction.
  • the exhaust discharged through the pressure relief mechanism can be discharged from both ends of the exhaust passage along the first direction, so as to achieve the purpose of directional discharge of the exhaust. It can not only discharge the emissions in time, but also avoid the random scattering of the emissions in other directions and cause damage to other components in the battery. Risk, can effectively avoid safety issues such as battery explosion.
  • the battery further includes: a fire-fighting pipe for containing a fire-fighting medium, the fire-fighting pipe for discharging the fire-fighting medium when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated.
  • a fire-fighting pipeline may be provided at the corresponding position of the pressure relief mechanism of the battery cell.
  • the pressure relief mechanism When the pressure relief mechanism is activated, the discharge discharged from the battery cell destroys the fire-fighting pipeline, so that the fire-fighting medium in the fire-fighting pipeline is discharged from the damaged place of the fire-fighting pipeline, and the discharge discharged from the pressure relief mechanism is cooled.
  • Reduce the danger of emissions avoid the excessive temperature of the emissions, cause thermal diffusion and cause thermal runaway of other battery cells, thereby enhancing the safety of the battery.
  • the protective component is also used to limit the position of the fire-fighting pipeline. On the one hand, it can avoid the displacement of the fire-fighting pipeline and prevent the fire-fighting pipeline from leaving the original installation position, so that when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated, the fire-fighting pipeline can be destroyed smoothly and accurately, and then the discharge discharged through the pressure relief mechanism can be cooled in time processing to improve the safety performance of the battery; on the other hand, additional parts for fixing the fire-fighting pipeline are avoided, which simplifies the processing and installation process.
  • the protective components restrict the fire-fighting pipeline. It can also limit the damaged position and direction of the fire-fighting pipeline, ensure that the internal fire-fighting medium can flow to the area where the pressure relief mechanism is located, and improve the cooling effect of the fire-fighting medium discharged from the fire-fighting pipeline.
  • the fire-fighting pipeline is arranged corresponding to the pressure relief mechanisms of the plurality of battery cells, and extends along the first direction. It is ensured that when thermal runaway occurs to any battery cell, the corresponding area of the fire-fighting pipeline exists and is destroyed, and the discharged fire-fighting medium cools down the discharge of the battery cell in a timely manner.
  • the battery further includes: a wire harness isolation plate disposed on a surface of the first wall facing the exterior of the battery cells.
  • the protective component includes a top wall, a first side wall and a second side wall, the top wall is arranged opposite to the pressure relief mechanism of the plurality of battery cells, and the top wall is used for connecting The first side wall and the second side wall are respectively connected to the wire harness isolation plate, and the exhaust channel formed by a plurality of walls is convenient for processing and more stable.
  • the first side wall and/or the second side wall are provided with a plurality of first through holes, and the first through holes are used to release the pressure release mechanism when the pressure release mechanism is activated. Put pressure inside the battery cell.
  • the discharge may include a large amount of high-temperature gas, and the discharge is only discharged through the two ends of the protective member, and there may be a problem of untimely discharge. Therefore, a plurality of first through holes can be provided to discharge part of the gas.
  • the internal pressure of the battery cell that is thermally runaway can be reduced in time to avoid explosion caused by excessive pressure.
  • the size of the first through holes is smaller. Small so there is no large debris discharge that can unduly impact other components.
  • the diameter of the first through hole is less than or equal to 10mm, so as to avoid that when the diameter of the hole is set too large, the oversized debris in the discharge discharged through the pressure relief mechanism is discharged through the first through hole , Large-sized debris may be lapped to the high-voltage circuit in the battery, and then a short circuit may occur, which may cause secondary ignition and cause the battery to explode.
  • the fire-fighting pipe is arranged on a side of the top wall close to the battery cells.
  • the fire pipe and the top wall are relatively fixed and more stable, and the overall rigidity of the fire pipe can be increased through the protective part to avoid deviation of the fire pipe, especially when the pressure relief mechanism is activated, the discharge is located in the gap formed by the protective part. In the exhaust channel, the discharged discharge can quickly and accurately destroy the fire-fighting pipeline, speed up the destruction, and reduce the temperature in time, and also prevent the discharge from flushing the fire-fighting pipeline, enhancing the reliability of thermal runaway control.
  • the fire-fighting pipeline is arranged on the side of the top wall away from the battery cells, and the top wall is provided with a plurality of pressure relief areas, and the plurality of pressure relief areas are connected to the There is a one-to-one correspondence between the pressure relief mechanisms of a plurality of battery cells, and the pressure relief area is used to enable the discharge from the battery cells to pass through the pressure relief area to destroy the fire pipes.
  • the fire pipe and the top wall are relatively fixed and more stable, and the overall rigidity of the fire pipe can be increased through this protective part to avoid the fire pipe from shifting; when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated, the eliminated Emissions can be discharged not only through the exhaust channel formed by the protective components, but also through the pressure relief area, so that the discharged emissions can quickly and accurately destroy the fire-fighting pipeline, so that the fire-fighting medium inside the fire-fighting pipeline can be cooled in time, and thermal runaway can also be avoided diffusion.
  • the pressure relief region is a weakened region on the top wall for being breached by discharge from the battery cells upon actuation of the pressure relief mechanism.
  • the pressure relief area remains relatively sealed when the corresponding pressure relief mechanism is not damaged, maintaining the strength of the protective component.
  • the pressure relief area is a second through hole on the top wall, so that the discharge can quickly pass through to damage the fire protection pipeline.
  • the length of the pressure relief area along the second direction is less than or equal to the length of the fire-fighting pipeline along the second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and is the same as The first walls are parallel.
  • the size of the pressure relief area should not be too large, so as to avoid the oversized discharge from flying through the pressure relief area, thereby affecting other components in the battery; and, if the size of the pressure relief area is too large, when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated, it will As a result, a large area of the pressure relief area is destroyed, which in turn leads to the failure of the exhaust channel formed by the protective component, and the exhaust cannot be discharged in a direction, which affects the safety of the battery.
  • the fire-fighting duct is the top wall. Combining the protective parts and fire-fighting pipes into one structure is not only convenient for processing, but also saves the space of the original top wall and improves the space utilization rate.
  • the value range of the included angle between the first side wall and the wire harness isolation plate is [30°, 90°]; and/or, the second side wall and the wire harness The value range of the included angle between the isolation plates is [30°, 90°].
  • the angle between the first side wall and the wire harness isolation plate and/or the angle between the second side wall and the wire harness isolation plate should not be set too large, which will increase the size of the protective component along the height direction of the battery, and also It will increase the total size of the battery in the height direction, which will reduce the energy density of the battery; but the angle should not be set too small, if it is set too small, the exhaust channel formed by the protective component will be too small, It is not conducive to the timely discharge of emissions, which may lead to the spread of thermal runaway, which in turn will lead to battery warranty.
  • a first connection portion is provided at an end of the first side wall close to the wire harness isolation plate, the first connection portion is parallel to the wire harness isolation plate, and the first side wall passes through the wire harness isolation plate.
  • the first connecting portion is fixed to the wire harness isolation plate; and/or, a second connecting portion is provided at an end of the second side wall close to the wire harness isolation plate, and the second connecting portion is parallel to the wire harness The isolation plate, the second side wall is fixed to the wire harness isolation plate through the second connecting portion.
  • the fixing between the protective component and the wire harness isolation plate can be realized, so that the protective component is stable and easy to process and install.
  • connection between the first connection part and the wire harness isolation plate is through at least one of the following methods: snap connection, screw connection and welding; and/or, the second connection part and The wire harness isolation plates are connected by at least one of the following methods: buckle connection, screw connection and welding.
  • the structure is simple and easy to process.
  • a first electrode terminal and a second electrode terminal are provided on the first wall, and the first electrode terminal and the second electrode terminal are respectively located on the side of the pressure relief mechanism along the second direction.
  • the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and parallel to the first wall, and the first connection part corresponds to the area between the pressure relief mechanism and the first electrode terminal; And/or, the second connecting portion corresponds to an area between the pressure relief mechanism and the second electrode terminal.
  • the first connection part and the second connection part are respectively arranged between the corresponding electrode terminal and the pressure relief mechanism, so that the space can be used reasonably, so that the exhaust channel formed by the protective component can cover the pressure relief mechanism without affecting the electrode. Terminals are installed to avoid short circuits.
  • the length of the protective member along the first direction is greater than or equal to the total length of the plurality of battery cells along the first direction.
  • the two ends of the protective member along the first direction can exceed the corresponding outermost battery cells.
  • the battery cells located on the outermost side are affected to avoid thermal diffusion; on the other hand, the two ends of the exhaust channel formed by the protective component can be respectively connected to the collection area, so as to collect the emissions intensively.
  • the material of the protective component includes at least one of the following: metal, mica, glass fiber and ceramics.
  • the protective part can be made of metal, so that the strength of the protective part is large enough to prevent the protective part from being damaged by the discharge discharged through the pressure relief mechanism, thereby preventing the exhaust passage from being damaged.
  • the protective part can also choose mica with higher strength and higher melting point, which can also ensure the strength of the protective part and also has a good heat insulation effect.
  • an electric device including: the battery described in the first aspect or any one of the embodiments in the first aspect.
  • the electric device is a vehicle, ship or spacecraft.
  • a method for manufacturing a battery including: providing a plurality of battery cells arranged along a first direction, the first wall of the battery cells is provided with a pressure relief mechanism, and the pressure relief mechanism is used for actuated when the pressure or temperature inside the battery cells reaches a threshold value to relieve the pressure inside the battery cells; providing a guard member that covers the battery cells on the outside of the plurality of battery cells.
  • the pressure relief mechanism of the plurality of battery cells and forms an exhaust passage with the first walls of the plurality of battery cells, and the exhaust passage is used to pass through the pressure relief mechanism when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated. Exhaust from the pressure relief mechanism is discharged from both ends of the exhaust passage in the first direction.
  • a device for manufacturing a battery including a module for performing the method in the third aspect above.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle disclosed in an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a protective component disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a protective component and a fire-fighting pipeline disclosed in an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a partial section of a battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of another protective component and a fire-fighting pipeline disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a partial structural schematic diagram of another battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a partial section of another battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic flowchart of a method for manufacturing a battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic block diagram of a device for manufacturing a battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the same reference numerals represent the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the various components in the embodiments of the application shown in the drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length and width of the integrated device, are for illustrative purposes only, and should not constitute any limitation to the application .
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the like.
  • Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly is composed of a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator.
  • a battery cell works primarily by moving metal ions between the positive and negative pole pieces.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode collector without the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer. Fluid, the positive electrode current collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer is used as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode collector without the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer. Fluid, the negative electrode current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive pole tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative pole tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film may be polypropylene (polypropylene, PP) or polyethylene (polyethylene, PE).
  • the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a laminated structure, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the protection measures include at least one or more of switching elements, selecting appropriate isolation membrane materials and pressure relief mechanisms.
  • the switching element refers to an element that can stop charging or discharging the battery when the temperature or resistance inside the battery cell reaches a certain threshold.
  • the separator is used to isolate the positive electrode and the negative electrode. When the temperature rises to a certain value, it can automatically dissolve the micron-scale (or even nano-scale) micropores attached to it, so that metal ions cannot pass through the separator and terminate the battery.
  • the internal reaction of the monomer refers to an element or part that is activated to release the internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a predetermined threshold.
  • the pressure relief mechanism on the battery cell has an important impact on the safety of the battery. For example, when a short circuit, overcharge, etc. occur, it may cause thermal runaway inside the battery cell, resulting in a sudden increase in pressure or temperature. In this case, the internal pressure and temperature can be released to the outside through the actuation of the pressure relief mechanism, so as to prevent the battery cells from exploding and igniting.
  • the design of the pressure relief mechanism is mainly concerned with releasing the high pressure and high heat inside the battery cell, ie, expelling the discharge to the outside of the battery cell.
  • the discharge of high temperature and high pressure is discharged toward the direction in which the battery cell is provided with the pressure relief mechanism, and can be more specifically discharged in the direction of the area where the pressure relief mechanism is actuated.
  • Such discharge is very powerful and destructive.
  • the discharge is discharged to the outside of the battery cell through the pressure relief mechanism, and the direction of its scattering cannot be determined, it is likely to cause damage to one or more structures outside the battery cell.
  • the discharge may contain some conductive residues. If it is discharged from the pressure relief mechanism and then connected to a high-voltage circuit, it is likely to cause secondary ignition, and then the battery will explode, causing further safety problems.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, which includes a plurality of battery cells arranged along a first direction, and a pressure relief mechanism is provided on the first wall of the battery cells to reduce the internal pressure of the battery cells. Or activate when the temperature reaches a threshold value to release the internal pressure of the battery cell; the battery also includes a protective part, and the protective part covers the pressure relief mechanism of the plurality of battery cells on the outside of the plurality of battery cells, And form an exhaust channel with the first walls of the plurality of battery cells, that is, the exhaust channel extends along the first direction.
  • the exhaust discharged through the pressure relief mechanism can be discharged from both ends of the exhaust passage along the first direction, so as to achieve the purpose of directional discharge of the exhaust. It can not only discharge the emissions in time, but also avoid the random scattering of the emissions in other directions and cause damage to other components in the battery. Risk, can effectively avoid safety issues such as battery explosion.
  • the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to various electric devices using batteries.
  • the electric device may be a vehicle, a mobile phone, a portable device, a notebook computer, a ship, a spacecraft, an electric toy, an electric tool, and the like.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles, etc.
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.
  • electric toys include stationary Or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, such as electric drills, Electric grinder, electric wrench, electric screwdriver, electric hammer, impact drill, concrete vibrator and electric planer, etc.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not impose special limitations on the above electric equipment.
  • FIG. 1 it is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or Extended range cars, etc.
  • a motor 40 , a controller 30 and a battery 10 can be arranged inside the vehicle 1 , and the controller 30 is used to control the battery 10 to supply power to the motor 40 .
  • the battery 10 may be provided at the bottom or front or rear of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 10 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1 , for a circuit system of the vehicle 1 , for example, for starting, navigating and running power requirements of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery may include multiple battery cells, wherein the multiple battery cells may be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel, and the hybrid connection refers to a mixture of series and parallel connections. Batteries can also be called battery packs.
  • multiple battery cells can be connected in series, parallel or mixed to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules can be connected in series, parallel or mixed to form a battery. That is to say, multiple battery cells can directly form a battery, or form a battery module first, and then form a battery from the battery module.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery 10 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery 10 includes: a plurality of battery cells 20 arranged along the first direction X, the first wall 21 of the battery cells 20 is provided with a pressure relief mechanism 212, and the pressure relief mechanism 212 is used for Activate when the pressure or temperature inside the battery cells 20 reaches a threshold value, to release the internal pressure of the battery cells 20 ;
  • the exhaust discharged from the pressing mechanism 212 is discharged from both ends of the exhaust channel in the first direction X.
  • the battery 10 in the embodiment of the present application may include an accommodating space for accommodating a plurality of battery cells 20 .
  • the plurality of battery cells 20 included in the battery 10 can be arranged in an array, so as to effectively improve the space utilization rate of the accommodation space of the battery 10 .
  • the battery 10 may include at least one row of battery cells 20 arranged along the second direction Y, each row of battery cells 10 includes a plurality of battery cells 20 arranged along the first direction X, and the second direction Y is perpendicular to the second direction Y.
  • One direction X For example, in FIG.
  • the battery 10 includes two rows of battery cells 20 arranged along the second direction Y as an example, and each row of battery cells 20 includes a plurality of battery cells 20 arranged along the first direction X.
  • the number of battery cells 20 included in the row of battery cells 20 is taken as an example, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the shape of the battery cells 20 in the embodiment of the present application can be flexibly set according to practical applications, and the shapes of the multiple battery cells 20 included in the battery 10 can be the same or different.
  • the plurality of battery cells 20 included in the battery 10 may have the same shape to facilitate processing and assembly.
  • the battery cell 20 may be a cuboid or a cylinder, or may also be other polyhedral structures.
  • the present application mainly assumes that the battery 10 includes multiple battery cells with the same shape and size, and each battery cell 20 is a rectangular parallelepiped as an example, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the rectangular parallelepiped battery cell 20 includes six walls, wherein the first wall 21 may be any one of the walls.
  • the first wall 21 is provided with a pressure relief mechanism 212, in order to enable the pressure relief mechanism 212 to be activated when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold value, so as to release the internal pressure and reduce the internal temperature, therefore,
  • the first wall 21 is usually not provided on the wall where the two battery cells 20 are attached to each other. For example, as shown in FIG.
  • two adjacent battery cells 20 can be attached to each other through the wall with the largest area, so the first wall 21 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 211 is not the wall with the largest area; on the contrary , if two adjacent battery cells 20 are attached through other walls, then the first wall 21 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 212 can also be set as the wall with the largest area.
  • two adjacent battery cells 20 arranged along the first direction X are attached to each other through the wall with the largest area, while two adjacent battery cells 20 arranged along the second direction Y
  • the first wall 21 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 212 is neither the wall with the largest area nor the wall with the smallest area, and the first wall 21 of the battery cell 20 is not connected with the corresponding
  • the wall of the adjacent battery cell 20 is attached to ensure that the pressure relief mechanism 212 provided on the first wall 21 can release the internal pressure of the thermally runaway battery cell 20 in time.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 212 in the embodiment of the present application is configured to activate when the internal temperature or pressure of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold, and the threshold can be set to different values according to different requirements of practical applications.
  • the threshold may depend on the materials of one or more of the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet, the electrolyte and the separator in the battery cell 20 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 212 can be in the form of an explosion-proof valve, a gas valve, a pressure relief valve or a safety valve, and can specifically use a pressure-sensitive or temperature-sensitive element or structure, that is, when the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 Or when the temperature reaches a predetermined threshold, the pressure relief mechanism 212 performs an action or the weak structure provided in the pressure relief mechanism 212 is destroyed, thereby forming an opening or channel for internal pressure or temperature relief.
  • the “activation” mentioned in this application means that the pressure relief mechanism 212 is activated or activated to a certain state, so that the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cells 20 can be released. Actions produced by the pressure relief mechanism 212 may include, but are not limited to: at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism 212 is ruptured, broken, torn or opened, and the like. When the pressure relief mechanism 212 is actuated, the high temperature and high pressure material inside the battery cell 20 will be discharged from the actuated part as discharge. In this manner, the battery cells 20 can be depressurized under controllable pressure or temperature, thereby avoiding potential more serious accidents.
  • the emissions from the battery cells 20 mentioned in this application include, but are not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative electrodes, fragments of separator, high temperature and high pressure gas generated by reaction, flame, etc.
  • the protection component 11 of the embodiment of the present application covers the pressure relief mechanisms 212 of the plurality of battery cells arranged along the first direction X, and can form an exhaust channel with the first wall 21 .
  • the protective component 11 and the first Forming an exhaust channel between the walls 21 may include any one or more of the following situations: the protective component 11 is in direct contact with the first wall 21, and the protective component 11 and the first wall 21 jointly form an exhaust channel; the protective component 11 Without being in contact with the first wall 21, the protective member 11 may be in contact with other components disposed on the surface of the first wall 21 away from the interior of the battery cell 20, and between the protective member 11 and the other components forming an exhaust channel; a partial area of the protective member 11 is in contact with a partial area of the first wall 21 , and there is also a partial area of the protective member 11 that is disposed on the surface of the first wall 21
  • the protective component 11 of the embodiment of the present application covers a plurality of battery cells 20 arranged along the first direction X. Therefore, the protective component 11 extends along the first direction X, so that the exhaust channel formed by the protective component 11 is along the The first direction X extends.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 212 when the pressure relief mechanism 212 is actuated, the exhaust discharged through the pressure relief mechanism 212 can be discharged from both ends of the exhaust passage along the first direction X, so as to achieve the purpose of directional discharge of the exhaust. It can not only discharge the emissions in time, but also avoid the random scattering of the emissions in other directions and cause damage to other components in the battery 10. The risk of fire can effectively avoid safety problems such as battery 10 explosion.
  • the battery 10 of the embodiment of the present application may further include a box body, and the box body has an accommodating space for accommodating a plurality of battery cells 20 .
  • the inside of the box can be a hollow structure, and a plurality of battery cells 20 are accommodated in the box, and the shape of the box can be determined according to the plurality of battery cells 20 accommodated.
  • the box body can also be correspondingly arranged as a cuboid with six walls.
  • the box body may include two parts, referred to herein as a first part and a second part respectively, and the first part and the second part are fastened together.
  • the shapes of the first part and the second part may be determined according to the combined shape of the battery cells 20, and at least one of the first part and the second part has an opening.
  • both the first part and the second part can be hollow cuboids with only one face being an open face, the opening of the first part is opposite to the opening of the second part, and the first part and the second part are interlocked to form a closed cavity room box.
  • only one of the first part and the second part may be a hollow cuboid with an opening, and the other may be in the shape of a plate to cover the opening to form a box with a closed chamber, which can be used To accommodate a plurality of battery cells 20 .
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 are connected in parallel or connected in series or mixed and placed in the box formed by fastening the first part and the second part.
  • the battery 10 further includes: a wire harness isolation plate 13 , and the wire harness isolation plate 13 is disposed on the surface of the first wall 21 facing the exterior of the battery cell 20 .
  • the wire harness isolation plate 13 can be made of insulating material for isolating the first wall 21 of the battery cell 20 and other components.
  • the wire harness isolation plate 13 can be used to wrap the confluence component, and the confluence component is used to realize the electrical connection between the plurality of battery cells 20 , such as parallel connection, series connection or hybrid connection.
  • the bus component can realize electrical connection between the battery cells 20 by connecting the electrode terminals 211 of the battery cells 20 .
  • the bus member may be fixed to the electrode terminal 211 of the battery cell 20 by welding.
  • each battery cell 20 in the embodiment of the present application may include two electrode terminals 211a and 211b for outputting electric energy.
  • the two electrode terminals 211 a and 211 b may be positive electrode terminals and negative electrode terminals respectively, and the two electrode terminals 211 a and 211 b may be disposed on any one wall or multiple walls of the battery cell 20 .
  • the two electrode terminals 211a and 211b can be arranged on the same wall, or on two walls respectively; and for any electrode terminal 211, it can be arranged on the same wall as the pressure relief mechanism 211, or Can be installed on different walls. As shown in FIG.
  • two electrode terminals 211a and 211b are both arranged on the first wall 21 for illustration, that is, the first wall 21 is provided with the first electrode terminal 211a and the second electrode terminal 211b, the first electrode terminal 211a and the second electrode terminal 211b are respectively located on both sides of the pressure relief mechanism 212 along the second direction Y, the second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X and parallel to the first wall 21 .
  • the wire harness isolation plate 13 can also be used to wrap other structures arranged on the surface of the first wall 21, for example, the wire harness isolation plate 13 can also be used to wrap a flexible printed circuit (FPC),
  • the FPC can be used to monitor the state of each battery cell 20 , for example, can be used to monitor the temperature state or the voltage state, etc., but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the number of confluence components or FPCs and other components connected to each battery cell 20 may be large in number and the area of the arrangement is large, so these components can be connected through the wire harness isolation plate 13.
  • the integration makes the assembly of multiple battery cells 20 more convenient.
  • two rows of battery cells 20 arranged along the second direction Y shown in FIG. 2 may be provided with a wire harness isolation plate 13 correspondingly.
  • the wiring harness isolating plate 13 can also isolate components such as the converging component or FPC from other components, so as to avoid short circuit.
  • the wire harness isolation plate 13 may include a first avoidance area 131, and the first avoidance area 131 is used to avoid the electrode terminal 211 of the battery cell 20, so that the electrode terminal 211 is connected to the bus current.
  • the components are electrically connected.
  • the shape of the first avoidance area 131 can be set according to the shape of the electrode terminal 211. For example, as shown in FIG. , but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the wire harness isolation plate 13 may further include a second avoidance area 132, which is used to avoid the pressure relief mechanism 212, so that the pressure relief mechanism 212 can When the cell 20 is thermally out of control, the exhaust is discharged in time to release the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 .
  • the shape of the second avoidance area 132 can be set according to the shape of the pressure relief mechanism 212, for example, it can be consistent with the shape of the pressure relief mechanism 212, and the area of the second avoidance area 132 is larger than that of the pressure relief mechanism 212. area, so as not to cover the pressure relief mechanism 212, thereby affecting the discharge of the discharge from the pressure relief mechanism 212 in time.
  • the first avoidance area 131 and/or the second avoidance area 132 can be realized in various ways.
  • the first escape area 131 may be an area exposing a local bus component, so that the corresponding electrode terminal 211 is electrically connected to the bus component within the first avoid area 131 , for example, the two may be electrically connected by welding.
  • the wire harness separator 13 and the first wall 21 of the battery cell 20 can be relatively fixed by welding the current-combining component and the electrode terminal 211 .
  • the second avoidance area 132 may be a through hole, so that the discharge from the pressure relief mechanism 212 can be discharged through the wire harness isolation plate 13 smoothly, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the surface of the first wall 21 of the battery cell 20 away from the interior of the battery cell 20 may also be provided with other components, which will not be repeated here.
  • an insulator may also be provided on the surface of the first wall 21 of each battery cell 20, that is, the insulator corresponds to the battery cells 20 one by one, the The insulator can be used to isolate the first wall 21 from the wire harness isolation plate 13 to protect the first wall 21 , but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the present application is mainly formed by the protective component 11 and the wire harness isolation plate 13
  • the exhaust channel is described as an example, that is, the protective component 11 indirectly forms an exhaust channel with the first wall 21 .
  • the protective component 11 of the embodiment of the present application covers the pressure relief mechanism 212 of the plurality of battery cells 20 on the outside of the plurality of battery cells 20 , and is connected to the wire harness isolation plate 13 arranged on the surface of the first wall 21 Form the exhaust channel.
  • the material of the protective component 11 includes at least one of the following: metal, mica, glass fiber and ceramics.
  • the protective component 11 can be made of metal, so that the strength of the protective component 11 is large enough to prevent the protective component 11 from being damaged by the discharge discharged through the pressure relief mechanism 212 , thereby preventing the exhaust passage from being damaged.
  • the protective component 11 can also choose mica with higher strength and higher melting point, which can also ensure the strength of the protective component 11 and also has a good heat insulation effect.
  • FIG. 3 shows a partially enlarged view of the protective component 11 of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the protective component 11 includes a top wall 111 , a first side wall 112 and a second side wall 113 , the top wall 111 is arranged opposite to the pressure relief mechanism 212 of a plurality of battery cells 20 , the top wall 111 For connecting the first side wall 112 and the second side wall 113 , the first side wall 112 and the second side wall 113 are respectively connected to the wire harness isolation plate 13 .
  • the top wall 111, the first side wall 112, the second side wall 113 of the protective component 11 and the surface of the wire harness isolation plate 13 facing the protective component 11 can jointly form the wall of the exhaust channel, and the row formed by the plurality of walls The air channel is easier to process and more stable.
  • the shape and size of the section of the exhaust channel in the embodiment of the present application along the surface perpendicular to the axial direction of the exhaust channel can be set according to actual applications.
  • the value range of the angle ⁇ between the first side wall 112 and the wire harness isolation plate 13 is [30°, 90°]; and/or, the second side wall 113 and the wire harness isolation plate
  • the value range of the angle ⁇ between 13 is [30°, 90°].
  • the angle ⁇ between the first side wall 112 and the wire harness isolation plate 13 and/or the angle ⁇ between the second side wall 113 and the wire harness isolation plate 13 should not be set too large, which will increase the The size along the height direction of the battery 10 will also increase the total size of the battery 10 in the height direction Z, which will reduce the energy density of the battery 10; but the angle ⁇ and/or angle ⁇ should not be set too small , if the setting is too small, the exhaust channel formed by the protective component 11 will be too small, which is not conducive to the timely discharge of emissions, which may lead to thermal runaway diffusion, and then lead to battery 10 failure.
  • the angle ⁇ between the first side wall 112 and the wire harness isolation plate 13 can be equal to the angle ⁇ between the second side wall 113 and the wire harness isolation plate 13, so as to facilitate processing and installation, and can ensure the The top wall 111 is parallel to the wiring harness isolation plate 13, which facilitates the installation of other components.
  • a first connecting portion 114 is provided at one end of the first side wall 112 close to the wire harness isolation plate 13 , the first connecting portion 114 is parallel to the wire harness isolation plate 13 , and the first The side wall 112 is fixed to the wire harness isolation plate 13 through the first connecting portion 114; and/or, an end of the second side wall 113 close to the wire harness isolation plate 13 is provided with a second connecting portion 115, and the second connecting portion 115 is parallel to the wire harness isolation The plate 13 , the second side wall 113 is fixed to the wire harness isolation plate 13 through the second connecting portion 115 .
  • the first connection part 114 and the second connection part 115 can realize the fixing between the protective component 11 and the wire harness isolation plate 13, so that the protective component 11 is stable and convenient for processing and installation.
  • connection between the first connecting portion 114 and the wire harness isolation plate 13 is through at least one of the following methods: snap connection, screw connection and welding; and/or, the second connection portion 115 and the wire harness isolation plate 13 are connected by at least one of the following methods: buckle connection, screw connection and welding.
  • snap connection screw connection and welding
  • second connection portion 115 and the wire harness isolation plate 13 are connected by at least one of the following methods: buckle connection, screw connection and welding.
  • a plurality of first connection regions 1141 may be provided on the first connection portion 114, and the first connection regions may be third through holes, and the third through holes may be used to realize The threaded connection between the first connecting portion 114 and the wire harness isolation plate 13, or the first connection area 1141 can be used to set a limiting structure to achieve snap connection with the wire harness isolation plate 13, or the first connection area 1141 is The welding area is used to realize welding with the wire harness isolation plate 13.
  • a plurality of second connection regions 1151 may be provided on the second connection part 115, and the second connection regions 1151 may be fourth through holes 1151, and the fourth through holes may be used to realize the connection between the second connection part 115 and the second connection part 115.
  • the threaded connection between the wire harness isolation plates 13, or the second connection area 1151 can be used to set a limiting structure to achieve a snap connection with the wire harness isolation plate 13, or the second connection area 1151 is a welding area to achieve a connection with the wire harness isolation plate 13. Weld between the wiring harness isolation plates 13.
  • the various methods mentioned above are not only convenient for processing, but also can ensure the stability of the protective component 11 .
  • the first side wall 112 and/or the second side wall 113 are provided with a plurality of first through holes 1121 and 1131, and the first through holes 1121 and 1131 are used for draining When the pressure mechanism 212 is actuated, the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 is released.
  • the first side wall 112 may be provided with one or more first through holes 1121
  • the second side wall 113 may be provided with one or more first through holes 1131 .
  • the thermally runaway battery cells 20 may emit a large amount of discharge in an instant
  • the discharge may include a large amount of high-temperature gas, and the discharge is only discharged through the two ends of the protective member 11 , and there may be a problem of untimely discharge. Therefore, a plurality of first through holes 1121 and 1131 can be provided to discharge part of the gas.
  • the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 that is thermally runaway can be reduced in time to avoid explosion caused by excessive pressure.
  • the first through holes The small size of the holes 1121 and 1131 does not allow large debris discharges to have an undue impact on other components.
  • the shapes and sizes of the first through holes 1121 and 1131 can be flexibly selected according to practical applications.
  • the first through holes 1121 and 1131 may be circular in shape to facilitate processing.
  • the diameters of the first through holes 1121 and 1131 are less than or equal to 10mm, so as to avoid that when the diameter is set too large, there will be oversized debris in the discharge discharged by the pressure relief mechanism 212 passing through the first through holes 1121 and 1131 discharge, large-sized debris may overlap the high-voltage circuit in the battery 10, and then a short circuit may occur, which may cause secondary ignition and cause the battery 10 to explode.
  • the diameters of the first through holes 1121 and 1131 may be set to be equal to 5 mm, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the number of the first through holes 1121 and 1131 can be set according to the actual application, but the number should not be too large, so as to avoid reducing the strength of the protective component 11, thereby preventing the discharge from damaging the protective component 11 when the pressure relief mechanism 212 is actuated.
  • the protection component 11 prevents the discharge from being oriented and discharged from both ends of the protection component 11 along the first direction X.
  • the battery 10 further includes: a fire-fighting pipe 12 for containing a fire-fighting medium, and the fire-fighting pipe 12 is used for discharging the fire-fighting medium when the pressure relief mechanism 212 is actuated.
  • a fire pipe 12 may be provided at the corresponding position of the pressure relief mechanism 212 of the battery cell 20 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 212 When the pressure relief mechanism 212 is activated, the discharge discharged from the battery cell 20 destroys the fire-fighting pipeline 12, so that the fire-fighting medium in the fire-fighting pipeline 12 is discharged from the damaged place of the fire-fighting pipeline 12 and discharged to the pressure relief mechanism 212.
  • the discharge is cooled to reduce the danger of the discharge, and avoid the excessive temperature of the discharge, causing thermal diffusion and causing thermal runaway of other battery cells 20 , thereby enhancing the safety of the battery 10 .
  • the fire-fighting pipeline 12 is disposed corresponding to the pressure relief mechanisms 212 of the plurality of battery cells 20 and extends along the first direction X.
  • the position of the fire-fighting pipeline 12 should correspond to the position of the pressure relief mechanism 212 .
  • the fire-fighting pipeline 12 can extend along the first direction X to correspond to all the multiple pressure relief mechanisms 212 arranged along the first direction X, so that the fire-fighting medium stored in the fire-fighting pipeline 12 can more, and ensure that when any one of the battery cells 20 is thermally out of control, the fire-fighting pipeline 12 exists in a corresponding area and is destroyed, and the discharged fire-fighting medium cools down the discharge of the battery cells 20 in time.
  • each fire-fighting pipe 12 corresponds to a row of battery cells 20, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.
  • the fire-fighting pipeline 12 in the embodiment of the present application is used to accommodate a fire-fighting medium, where the fire-fighting medium may be a fluid, and the fluid may be liquid or gas.
  • the fire-fighting pipeline 12 can discharge the fire-fighting medium when the pressure relief mechanism 211 is actuated, for example, the fire-fighting pipeline 12 can be arranged corresponding to the pressure relief mechanism 211, so that when the pressure relief mechanism 211 is activated, the fire-fighting pipeline 12 can be destroyed,
  • the internal fire-fighting medium flows out, which can cool down the discharge discharged from the pressure relief mechanism 211 , so as to avoid thermal diffusion of the thermally runaway battery cells 20 and improve the safety of the battery 10 .
  • the firefighting pipeline 12 contains a firefighting medium, for example , the entry of the fire-fighting medium into the fire-fighting pipeline 12 can be controlled by switching the valve.
  • the fire-fighting pipeline 12 may always contain a fire-fighting medium, and the fire-fighting medium may also be used to adjust the temperature of the battery cell 20 . Adjusting the temperature refers to heating or cooling the plurality of battery cells 20 .
  • the fire-fighting pipeline 12 is used to contain cooling fluid to lower the temperature of the multiple battery cells 20.
  • the fire-fighting pipeline 12 can also be called a cooling component, a cooling system or a cooling system.
  • the fire-fighting medium contained in pipes and the like can also be called cooling medium or cooling fluid, and more specifically, it can be called cooling liquid or cooling gas.
  • the fire-fighting medium may be circulated to achieve a better effect of temperature regulation.
  • the fire-fighting medium may be water, a mixture of water and ethylene glycol, or air.
  • the protective component 11 is also used to limit the position of the fire pipe 12 .
  • the position of the fire-fighting pipeline 12 should correspond to the position of the pressure relief mechanism 212 .
  • the battery may vibrate, which further causes the position of the fire-fighting pipe 12 to change. Therefore, the position of the fire-fighting pipeline 12 can be limited by the protective component 11.
  • the displacement of the fire-fighting pipeline 12 can be avoided, and the fire-fighting pipeline 12 can be prevented from departing from the original installation position, so that when the pressure relief mechanism 212 is actuated, it can be smoothly and smoothly. Accurately destroy the fire-fighting pipeline 12, and then timely cool down the discharge discharged through the pressure relief mechanism 212 to improve the safety performance of the battery; Installation process.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 212 when the pressure relief mechanism 212 is actuated, the discharged discharge rushes to the fire-fighting pipeline 12, which is likely to cause large-scale deformation of the fire-fighting pipeline 12, and the outflow position of the internal fire-fighting medium is uncertain.
  • the component 11 limits the position of the fire-fighting pipeline 12, and can also limit the position and direction of the fire-fighting pipeline 12 being destroyed, so as to ensure that the internal fire-fighting medium can flow to the area where the pressure relief mechanism 212 is located, and improve the cooling effect of the fire-fighting medium discharged from the fire-fighting pipeline 12.
  • the fire pipe 12 is disposed on a side of the top wall 111 close to the battery cells 20 .
  • Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram when the fire-fighting pipeline 12 is arranged on the inner side of the top wall 111
  • Fig. 5 shows a partial structural diagram of the battery 10 when the fire-fighting pipeline 12 is arranged inside the protective part 11
  • Fig. 6 shows a partial view of the battery 10
  • a schematic cross-sectional view, the cross-section is a cross-section along a plane perpendicular to the first direction X.
  • the fire-fighting pipe 12 can be arranged inside the protective component 11 .
  • the fire-fighting pipe 12 can be relatively fixed to the top wall 111 of the protective component 11 , for example, the fire-fighting pipe 12 can be fixed on the surface of the top wall 111 facing the battery cell 10 by adhesive.
  • the fire-fighting pipe 12 can be fixed on the surface of the top wall 111 facing the battery cell 10 by adhesive.
  • the fire-fighting pipeline 12 and the top wall 111 are relatively fixed and more stable, and the overall rigidity of the fire-fighting pipeline 12 can be increased through the protective component 11 to prevent the fire-fighting pipeline 12 from shifting, especially when the pressure relief mechanism 212 is actuated.
  • the material is located in the exhaust channel formed by the protective component 11, so that the discharged discharge can quickly and accurately destroy the fire-fighting pipeline 12, speed up the destruction speed, and reduce the temperature in time, and also prevent the discharge from flushing the fire-fighting pipeline 12, and enhance the control of thermal runaway reliability.
  • the fire-fighting pipe 12 in the embodiment of the present application may not be relatively fixed with the protective component 11 .
  • the fire-fighting pipe 12 can be fixed by setting a fixing member on the wire harness isolation plate 13, and the protective component 11 is relatively fixed to the wire harness isolation plate 13 through the first connecting portion 114 and the second connecting portion 115, so that Realize that the fire-fighting pipeline 12 is fixed separately from the protective component 11 .
  • the fire-fighting pipe 12 can be fixed by the fixing member provided on the wiring harness isolation plate 13 , and the fire-fighting pipe 12 and the protective component 11 can be fixed by an adhesive, thereby increasing the stability of the fire-fighting pipe 12 .
  • the top wall 111 is provided with a plurality of pressure relief areas 1111 , and the pressure relief areas 1111 are used to make the pressure from the battery cell 20 when the pressure relief mechanism 212 is actuated. Emissions can exit through the relief zone 1111 .
  • the pressure relief area 1111 can discharge part of the high-temperature gas in time, reduce the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 in thermal runaway, and avoid explosion caused by excessive pressure.
  • the size of the pressure relief area 1111 is small so that large debris discharges are not discharged and thus do not cause undue impact on other components.
  • the pressure relief region 1111 is a weakened region on the top wall 111 for being damaged by discharge from the battery cells 20 when the pressure relief mechanism 212 is actuated.
  • the weakened area can be realized by using a temperature-sensitive material, or by setting a score or a groove, so that the pressure relief area 1111 remains relatively sealed when the corresponding pressure relief mechanism 212 is not damaged, and keeps the protective member 11 Strength of.
  • the pressure relief area 1111 is a second through hole on the top wall 111, similar to the first through holes 1121 and 1131, the second through hole can discharge the discharge in time.
  • the shape and size of the pressure relief area 1111 in the embodiment of the present application can be flexibly selected according to practical applications.
  • the shape of the pressure relief area 1111 may be circular to facilitate processing.
  • the pore diameter of the pressure relief area 1111 is less than or equal to 10mm, so as to avoid that when the pore diameter is set too large, there will be oversized debris in the discharge discharged through the pressure relief mechanism 212 and be discharged through the pressure relief area 1111.
  • the debris may be bonded to the high-voltage circuit in the battery 10 , thereby causing a short circuit, which may cause a secondary spark and cause the battery 10 to explode.
  • the diameter of the pressure relief area 1111 may be set to be equal to 5mm, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the number of pressure relief regions 1111 can be set according to the actual application, but the number should not be excessive, so as to avoid reducing the strength of the protection component 11, thereby preventing the discharge from damaging the protection component 11 when the pressure relief mechanism 212 is actuated. , causing the exhaust to be unable to be discharged from both ends of the protective member 11 along the first direction X.
  • the plurality of pressure relief areas 1111 provided on the top wall 111 may correspond to the pressure relief mechanisms 212 of the plurality of battery cells 20 one-to-one, so that the pressure relief areas 1111 can discharge part of the discharge in time.
  • the top wall 111 may not be provided with Pressure relief zone 1111.
  • the top wall 111 may not be provided with a pressure relief area 1111;
  • the pressure relief regions 1111 are either all provided with the pressure relief regions 1111 , or some are provided with the pressure relief regions 1111 , and some are not provided with the pressure relief regions 1111 , the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the length of the protective member 11 along the first direction X is greater than or equal to the total length of the plurality of battery cells 20 along the first direction X, so that the length of the protective member 11 along the first direction X Both ends can protrude beyond the corresponding outermost battery cell 20 , on the one hand, in the case of emissions from both ends of the exhaust channel formed by the protective part 11 , which do not affect the outermost battery cell 20 , to avoid thermal diffusion; on the other hand, to facilitate the formation of the protective component 11, the two ends of the exhaust channel can be respectively connected to the collection area, so as to collect the emissions intensively.
  • the first connecting portion 114 corresponds to the area between the pressure relief mechanism 212 and the first electrode terminal 211a; and/or, the second connecting portion 115 corresponds to the pressure relief mechanism 212 and the second electrode terminal 211a; area between terminals 211b.
  • the first connection part 114 and the second connection part 115 are respectively arranged between the corresponding electrode terminal 211 and the pressure relief mechanism 212, so that the space can be reasonably used, so that the exhaust channel formed by the protective component 11 can cover the pressure relief mechanism 212. , and will not affect the installation of the electrode terminal 211, avoiding short circuit.
  • the fire pipe 12 is disposed on a side of the top wall 111 away from the battery cells 20 .
  • Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application when the fire-fighting pipeline 12 is arranged outside the top wall 111
  • Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the battery 10 when the fire-fighting pipeline 12 is arranged outside the protective component 11, and this Figure 7 can It is the protective component 11 and the fire-fighting pipe 12 in FIG. 8 .
  • the fire-fighting pipe 12 can be relatively fixed to the top wall 111 of the protective component 11, for example, the fire-fighting pipe 12 can be fixed on the top wall 111 away from the battery cell 10 through an adhesive. surface on one side.
  • Fixing the fire-fighting pipeline 12 is more convenient for processing and assembly.
  • the top wall 111 is provided with a plurality of pressure relief areas 1111 , A plurality of pressure relief areas 1111 correspond one-to-one to the pressure relief mechanisms 212 of the plurality of battery cells 20, and the pressure relief areas 1111 are used to allow the discharge from the battery cells 20 to pass through the pressure relief mechanism 212 when the pressure relief mechanism 212 is actuated.
  • Zone 1111 Destruction of Fire Fighting Pipeline 12.
  • the fire-fighting pipe 12 and the top wall 111 are relatively fixed and more stable, and the overall rigidity of the fire-fighting pipe 12 can be increased through the protective component 11 to prevent the fire-fighting pipe 12 from shifting;
  • the pressure relief mechanism 212 is actuated, the exhausted discharge can be discharged through the exhaust channel formed by the protective component 11, and can also pass through the pressure relief area 1111, so that the discharged discharge can quickly and accurately destroy the fire-fighting pipeline 12, so that The fire-fighting medium inside the fire-fighting pipeline 12 can cool down in time, and also avoid thermal runaway spreading.
  • the length of the pressure relief area 1111 along the second direction Y is less than or equal to the length of the fire pipe 12 along the second direction Y, and the second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X and parallel to the first wall 21 .
  • the pressure relief area 1111 may be a circular area, and the diameter of the pressure relief area 1111 may be set to be smaller than the length of the fire-fighting pipeline 12 along the second direction Y.
  • the size of the pressure relief area 1111 should not be too large, so as to avoid the oversized discharge from flying through the pressure relief area 1111, thereby affecting other components in the battery 10; and, if the size of the pressure relief area 1111 is too large, the pressure relief mechanism 212 When actuated, the large-area pressure relief area 1111 will be destroyed, which will lead to the failure of the exhaust channel formed by the protective component 11 , and the discharge cannot be discharged in a direction, which will affect the safety of the battery 10 .
  • FIG. 9 shows another schematic partial cross-sectional view of the battery 10 according to the embodiment of the present application, and the cross-section is along a plane perpendicular to the first direction X. As shown in FIG.
  • the fire-fighting pipe 12 can also replace the top wall 111 of the protective part 11, that is, the protective part 11 includes a fire-fighting pipe 12, a first side wall 112 and a second side wall 113 , the fire pipe 12 is connected to the first side wall 112 and the second side wall 113 .
  • the protective component 11 and the fire-fighting pipe 12 into an integral structure not only facilitates processing, but also saves the space of the original top wall 111 and improves the space utilization rate.
  • the first side wall 112 can be located at any position of the fire pipe 12 .
  • it can be located in the lower left corner as shown in Figure 9, or it can be located in the upper left corner, or in the middle of the left side wall; similarly, the second side wall 113 can also be located in any position of the fire pipe 12, for example, it can be located in The lower right corner as shown in FIG. 9 may also be located in the upper right corner, or located in the middle of the right side wall, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the protection component 11 is located on the side away from the first wall 21 of the wire harness isolation plate 13 as an example for illustration. Let me repeat them one by one.
  • the protective component 11 can also be located between the wire harness isolation plate 13 and the first wall 21 to fix at least a partial area of the protective component 11 through at least a partial area of the wire harness isolation plate 13 .
  • the wire harness isolation plate 13 may include an opening area through which the protective component 11 at least partially protrudes from the surface of the wire harness isolation plate 13 , and the first connecting portion 114 and the second connecting portion 115 of the protective component 11 It is clamped between the edge of the opening area of the wire harness separator 13 and the first wall 21 to fix the shielding member 11 .
  • the battery 10 may not include the wire harness isolation plate 13, then the protective member 11 may be arranged on the surface of the first wall 21 away from the inside of the battery cell 20, for example, may pass through the surface of the first wall 21
  • the provided confluence member fixes the protective member 11 to reduce the number of parts provided on the surface of the first wall 21 away from the interior of the battery cell 20 .
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic flowchart of a method 300 for manufacturing a battery 10 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method 300 may include: S310, providing a plurality of battery cells 20 arranged along the first direction X, the first wall 21 of the battery cells 20 is provided with a pressure relief mechanism 212, the pressure relief mechanism 212 is used to actuate when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold value, so as to release the internal pressure of the battery cell 20; S320, provide the protective component 11, the protective component 11 The outside of the body 20 covers the pressure relief mechanism 212 of the plurality of battery cells 20, and forms an exhaust passage with the first walls 21 of the plurality of battery cells 20, and the exhaust passage is used to align the pressure relief mechanism 212. When activated, the exhaust discharged through the pressure relief mechanism 212 is discharged from both ends of the exhaust passage in the first direction X.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 400 for manufacturing a battery 10 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 400 may include: a providing module 410, configured to: provide a plurality of battery cells 20 arranged along the first direction X, the first wall 21 of the battery cells 20 is provided with Pressure relief mechanism 212, the pressure relief mechanism 212 is used to activate when the pressure or temperature inside the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold value, so as to release the internal pressure of the battery cell 20; provide the protection component 11, the protection component 11 Covering the pressure relief mechanism 212 of the plurality of battery cells 20 on the outside of the plurality of battery cells 20, and forming an exhaust channel with the first wall 21 of the plurality of battery cells 20, the exhaust channel is used for When the pressure relief mechanism 212 is actuated, the discharge discharged through the pressure relief mechanism 212 is discharged from both ends of the exhaust channel in the first direction X.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种电池、用电设备、制造电池的方法和设备。该电池包括：沿第一方向排列的多个电池单体，该电池单体的第一壁设置有泄压机构，该泄压机构用于在该电池单体内部的压力或者温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放该电池单体的内部的压力；防护部件，该防护部件在该多个电池单体的外部覆盖该多个电池单体的泄压机构，并与该多个电池单体的第一壁形成排气通道，该排气通道用于在该泄压机构致动时，将通过该泄压机构排出的排放物从该排气通道的在该第一方向的两端排出。本申请提供的电池、用电设备、制造电池的方法和设备，能够提高电池的安全性。

Description

电池、用电设备、制造电池的方法和设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种电池、用电设备、制造电池的方法和设备。
背景技术
节能减排是汽车产业可持续发展的关键。在这种情况下，电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。而对于电动车辆而言，电池技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
在电池技术的发展中，除了提高电池的性能外，安全问题也是一个不可忽视的问题。如果电池的安全问题不能保证，那该电池就无法使用。因此，如何增强电池的安全性，是电池技术中一个亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种电池、用电设备、制造电池的方法和设备，能够提高电池的安全性。
第一方面，提供了一种电池，所述电池包括：沿第一方向排列的多个电池单体，所述电池单体的第一壁设置有泄压机构，所述泄压机构用于在所述电池单体内部的压力或者温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放所述电池单体的内部的压力；防护部件，所述防护部件在所述多个电池单体的外部覆盖所述多个电池单体的泄压机构，并与所述多个电池单体的第一壁形成排气通道，所述排气通道用于在所述泄压机构致动时，将通过所述泄压机构排出的排放物从所述排气通道的在所述第一方向的两端排出。
因此，本申请实施例的电池，设置有覆盖沿第一方向排列的多个电池单体的防护部件，因此，该防护部件为沿第一方向延伸的，进而使得该防护部件形成的排气通道沿第一方向延伸。这样，泄压机构致动时，通过泄压机构排出的排放物能够从该排气通道的沿第一方向的两端排出，以达到定向排出排放物的目的。既可以及时排出排放物，还可以避免排放物朝其他方向随机飞散而导致对电池内其他部件的破坏，例如，可以避免排放物搭接电池内的高压回路，也就降低了二次打火的风险，可以有效避免电池爆炸等安全问题。
在一些实施例中，所述电池还包括：消防管道，用于容纳消防介质，所述消防管道用于在所述泄压机构致动时排出所述消防介质。
考虑到泄压机构排出的排放物的威力和破坏力可能很大，且温度较高，因此，可以在电池单体的泄压机构的对应位置处设置消防管道。利用泄压机构致动时，从电 池单体内排出的排放物破坏该消防管道，以使得消防管道内的消防介质从消防管道被破坏的地方排出，对泄压机构排出的排放物进行冷却降温，降低排放物的危险性，避免排放物温度过高，造成热扩散而使得其他电池单体发生热失控，从而能够增强电池的安全性。
在一些实施例中，所述防护部件还用于限制所述消防管道的位置。一方面可以避免消防管道发生移位，避免消防管道脱离原本的安装位置，进而使得泄压机构致动时，能够顺利和准确地破坏消防管道，进而及时对经由泄压机构排出的排放物进行降温处理，提高电池的安全性能；另一方面也避免额外设置用于固定该消防管道的部件，简化了加工和安装过程。另外，考虑到消防管道刚性弱，在泄压机构致动时，排出的排放物冲向消防管道，很可能导致消防管道发生大面积变形，内部消防介质流出位置不确定，那么防护部件限制消防管道的位置，还可以限制消防管道被破坏的位置和方向，保证内部消防介质能够流至泄压机构所在区域，提高消防管道排出的消防介质的降温效果。
在一些实施例中，所述消防管道对应所述多个电池单体的泄压机构设置，且沿所述第一方向延伸，这样，既可以使得该消防管道内存储的消防介质较多，又保证任意一个电池单体发生热失控时，消防管道存在与之对应的区域并被破坏，排出的消防介质及时对电池单体的排放物进行降温。
在一些实施例中，所述电池还包括：线束隔离板，所述线束隔离板设置于所述第一壁的朝向所述电池单体的外部的表面。
连接各个电池单体的汇流部件或者电路板等部件，可能数量较多，设置的面积较大，所以可以通过线束隔离板对这些部件进行整合，使得多个电池单体的组装更加方便。
在一些实施例中，所述防护部件包括顶壁、第一侧壁和第二侧壁，所述顶壁与所述多个电池单体的泄压机构相对设置，所述顶壁用于连接所述第一侧壁和所述第二侧壁，所述第一侧壁和第二侧壁分别连接至所述线束隔离板，多个壁形成的排气通道便于加工且更加稳定。
在一些实施例中，所述第一侧壁和/或所述第二侧壁上设置有多个第一通孔，所述第一通孔用于在所述泄压机构致动时，泄放所述电池单体的内部的压力。
考虑到热失控的电池单体可以在瞬间排出大量排放物，该排放物可能包括大量高温气体，仅通过该防护构件的两端排出该排放物，可能存在排放不及时的问题。因此，可以通过设置多个第一通孔，以排出部分气体，一方面及时降低热失控的电池单体的内部压力，避免压力过大导致爆炸，另一方面，该第一通孔的尺寸较小，不会排出大碎屑排放物，也就不会对其他部件造成过大影响。
在一些实施例中，所述第一通孔的孔径小于或者等于10mm，以避免孔径设置过大时，通过泄压机构排出的排放物中存在尺寸过大的碎屑通过该第一通孔排出，大尺寸碎屑可能搭接到电池内的高压回路，进而发生短路，并可能引发二次打火，导致电池爆炸。
在一些实施例中，所述消防管道设置在所述顶壁的靠近所述电池单体的一侧。 一方面无需使用额外的固定结构单独固定消防管道，尤其是在该消防管道的壁较为圆滑的情况下，通过设置卡扣等方式固定该消防管道的难度较大，而通过防护部件固定该消防管道更加便于加工和装配。另一方面，消防管道与顶壁相对固定，更加稳定，能够通过该防护部件增加消防管道的整体刚度，避免消防管道发生偏移，尤其在泄压机构致动时，排放物位于防护部件形成的排气通道内，使得排出的排放物可以快速且准确地破坏消防管道，加快破坏速度，以及时降温，也避免排放物将消防管道冲开，增强热失控管控的可靠性。
在一些实施例中，所述消防管道设置在所述顶壁的远离所述电池单体的一侧，所述顶壁上设置有多个泄压区，所述多个泄压区与所述多个电池单体的泄压机构一一对应，所述泄压区用于在所述泄压机构致动时，使得来自所述电池单体的排放物能够通过所述泄压区破坏所述消防管道。
电池单体未发生热失控时，消防管道与顶壁相对固定，更加稳定，能够通过该防护部件增加消防管道的整体刚度，避免消防管道发生偏移；而在泄压机构致动时，排除的排放物既可以通过防护部件形成的排气通道排除，又可以通过泄压区，使得排出的排放物可以快速且准确地破坏消防管道，使得消防管道内部的消防介质能够及时降温，也避免热失控扩散。
在一些实施例中，所述泄压区为所述顶壁上的薄弱区，所述薄弱区用于在所述泄压机构致动时，被来自所述电池单体的排放物破坏。该泄压区在对应的泄压机构未被破坏时，保持相对密封，保持防护部件的强度。
在一些实施例中，所述泄压区为所述顶壁上的第二通孔，使得排放物可以快速通过以破坏消防管道。
在一些实施例中，所述泄压区的沿第二方向的长度小于或者等于所述消防管道的沿所述第二方向的长度，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向，且与所述第一壁平行。
泄压区的尺寸不宜过大，以避免尺寸过大的排放物通过该泄压区飞散，进而影响电池内其他部件；并且，若泄压区的尺寸过大，泄压机构致动时，会导致大面积的泄压区被破坏，进而导致该防护部件形成的排气通道失效，排放物无法定向排出，影响电池的安全。
在一些实施例中，所述消防管道为所述顶壁。将防护部件与消防管道结合为一体结构，既便于加工，又可以节省原本设置的顶壁的空间，提高空间利用率。
在一些实施例中，所述第一侧壁与所述线束隔离板之间的夹角的取值范围为[30°，90°]；和/或，所述第二侧壁与所述线束隔离板之间的夹角的取值范围为[30°，90°]。
该第一侧壁与线束隔离板之间的夹角和/或第二侧壁与线束隔离板之间的夹角不宜设置过大，这样会增加该防护部件沿电池的高度方向的尺寸，也就会增加该电池在高度方向上的总尺寸，则会降低电池的能量密度；但该夹角也不宜设置过小，若设置过小，则会导致该防护部件形成的排气通道过小，不利于排放物及时排出，可能导致热失控扩散，进而导致电池保证。
在一些实施例中，所述第一侧壁的靠近所述线束隔离板的一端设置有第一连接 部，所述第一连接部平行于所述线束隔离板，所述第一侧壁通过所述第一连接部与所述线束隔离板固定；和/或，所述第二侧壁的靠近所述线束隔离板的一端设置有第二连接部，所述第二连接部平行于所述线束隔离板，所述第二侧壁通过所述第二连接部与所述线束隔离板固定。
通过设置的第一连接部和第二连接部则可以实现防护部件与线束隔离板之间的固定，使得该防护部件稳定，且便于加工和安装。
在一些实施例中，所述第一连接部与所述线束隔离板之间通过以下方式中的至少一种连接：卡扣连接、螺纹连接和焊接；和/或，所述第二连接部与所述线束隔离板之间通过以下方式中的至少一种连接：卡扣连接、螺纹连接和焊接。结构简单，便于加工。
在一些实施例中，所述第一壁上设置有第一电极端子和第二电极端子，所述第一电极端子和所述第二电极端子分别位于所述泄压机构的沿第二方向的两侧，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向，且与所述第一壁平行，所述第一连接部对应于所述泄压机构与所述第一电极端子之间的区域；和/或，所述第二连接部对应于所述泄压机构与所述第二电极端子之间的区域。
将第一连接部和第二连接部分别设置于对应的电极端子和泄压机构之间，能够合理利用空间，使得该防护部件形成的排气通道既能够覆盖泄压机构，又不会影响电极端子的安装，避免短路。
在一些实施例中，所述防护部件的沿所述第一方向的长度大于或者等于所述多个电池单体的沿所述第一方向的总长度。
这样，可以使得防护部件的沿第一方向的两端能够超出对应的最外侧电池单体，一方面在通过防护部件形成的排气通道两端排出排放物的情况下，该排放物不会对位于最外侧的电池单体造成影响，避免热扩散；另一方面，便于该防护部件形成的排气通道的两端能够分别连接收集区，以集中收集排放物。
在一些实施例中，所述防护部件的材料包括以下至少一种：金属、云母、玻璃纤维和陶瓷。
该防护部件可以选择金属，以使该防护部件的强度足够大，避免防护部件被通过泄压机构排出的排放物破坏，进而避免排气通道被破坏。该防护部件也可以选择强度较大且熔点较高的云母，同样可以保证该防护部件的强度，还具有良好的隔热效果。
第二方面，提供了一种用电设备，包括：第一方面或者第一方面中任意一个实施例所述的电池。
在一些实施例中，所述用电设备为车辆、船舶或航天器。
第三方面，提供了一种制造电池的方法，包括：提供沿第一方向排列的多个电池单体，所述电池单体的第一壁设置有泄压机构，所述泄压机构用于在所述电池单体内部的压力或者温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放所述电池单体的内部的压力；提供防护部件，所述防护部件在所述多个电池单体的外部覆盖所述多个电池单体的泄压机构，并与所述多个电池单体的第一壁形成排气通道，所述排气通道用于在所述泄压机构致动时，将通过所述泄压机构排出的排放物从所述排气通道的在所述第一方向的两端排 出。
第四方面，提供了一种制造电池的设备，包括执行上述第三方面的方法的模块。
附图说明
图1是本申请一实施例公开的一种车辆的结构示意图；
图2是本申请一实施例公开的一种电池的分解结构示意图；
图3是本申请一实施例公开的一种防护部件的局部结构示意图；
图4是本申请一实施例公开的一种防护部件和消防管道的结构示意图；
图5是本申请一实施例公开的一种电池的局部结构示意图；
图6是本申请一实施例公开的一种电池的局部剖面的示意图；
图7是本申请一实施例公开的另一种防护部件和消防管道的结构示意图；
图8是本申请一实施例公开的另一种电池的局部结构示意图；
图9是本申请一实施例公开的另一种电池的局部剖面的示意图；
图10是本申请一实施例公开的一种制造电池的方法的示意性流程图；
图11是本申请一实施例公开的一种制造电池的设备的示意性框图。
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为聚丙烯(polypropylene，PP)或聚乙烯(polyethylene，PE)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素，例如，能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数，另外，还需要考虑电池的安全性。
对于电池单体来说，主要的安全危险来自于充电和放电过程，同时还有适宜的环境温度设计。为了有效地避免不必要的损失，对电池单体一般会有多重保护措施。具体而言，保护措施至少包括开关元件、选择适当的隔离膜材料以及泄压机构中的一种或者多种。开关元件是指电池单体内的温度或者电阻达到一定阈值时而能够使电池停止充电或者放电的元件。隔离膜用于隔离正极片和负极片，可以在温度上升到一定数值时自动溶解掉附着在其上的微米级(甚至纳米级)微孔，从而使金属离子不能在隔离膜上通过，终止电池单体的内部反应。泄压机构是指电池单体的内部压力或温度达到预定阈值时致动以泄放内部压力或温度的元件或部件。
电池单体上的泄压机构对电池的安全性有着重要影响。例如，当发生短路、过充等现象时，可能会导致电池单体内部发生热失控从而压力或温度骤升。这种情况下通过泄压机构致动可以将内部压力及温度向外释放，以防止电池单体爆炸、起火。
泄压机构的设计主要关注将电池单体内部的高压和高热释放，即将所述排放物排出到电池单体外部。高温高压的排放物朝向电池单体设置泄压机构的方向排放，并且可更具体地沿朝向泄压机构致动的区域的方向排放，这种排放物的威力和破坏力很 大。尤其是该排放物通过泄压机构排出至电池单体外部时，其飞散方向不能确定，那么很可能造成电池单体外部一个或多个结构被破坏。例如，该排放物中可能包括某些导电残渣，若排出泄压机构之后搭接至某个高压回路上，很可能造成二次打火，进而发生电池爆炸，造成进一步的安全问题。
因此，本申请实施例提供了一种电池，该电池包括沿第一方向排列的多个电池单体，电池单体的第一壁上设置有泄压机构，以在电池单体的内部的压力或者温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放该电池单体的内部的压力；该电池还包括防护部件，该防护部件在该多个电池单体的外部覆盖多个电池单体的泄压机构，并与多个电池单体的第一壁形成排气通道，即该排气通道沿第一方向延伸。这样，泄压机构致动时，通过泄压机构排出的排放物能够从该排气通道的沿第一方向的两端排出，以达到定向排出排放物的目的。既可以及时排出排放物，还可以避免排放物朝其他方向随机飞散而导致对电池内其他部件的破坏，例如，可以避免排放物搭接电池内的高压回路，也就降低了二次打火的风险，可以有效避免电池爆炸等安全问题。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案均适用于各种使用电池的用电设备。该用电设备可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等。本申请实施例对上述用电设备不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电设备为车辆为例进行说明。
例如，如图1所示，为本申请一个实施例的一种车辆1的结构示意图，车辆1可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1的内部可以设置马达40，控制器30以及电池10，控制器30用来控制电池10为马达40的供电。例如，在车辆1的底部或车头或车尾可以设置电池10。电池10可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池10可以作为车辆1的操作电源，用于车辆1的电路系统，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需求。在本申请的另一实施例中，电池10不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，替代或部分地替代燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
为了满足不同的使用电力需求，电池可以包括多个电池单体，其中，多个电池单体之间可以串联或并联或混联，混联是指串联和并联的混合。电池也可以称为电池包。在一些实施例中，多个电池单体可以先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联组成电池。也就是说，多个电池单体可以直接组成电池，也可以先组成电池模块，电池模块再组成电池。
例如，图2示出了本申请一个实施例的一种电池10的分解结构的示意图。如图2所示，该电池10包括：沿第一方向X排列的多个电池单体20，该电池单体20的第一壁21设置有泄压机构212，该泄压机构212用于在该电池单体20内部的压力或者温度 达到阈值时致动，以泄放该电池单体20的内部的压力；防护部件11，该防护部件11在该多个电池单体20的外部覆盖该多个电池单体20的泄压机构212，并与该多个电池单体20的第一壁21形成排气通道，该排气通道用于在该泄压机构212致动时，将通过该泄压机构212排出的排放物从该排气通道的在该第一方向X的两端排出。
应理解，本申请实施例的电池10可以包括容纳空间，以用于容纳多个电池单体20。其中，该电池10中包括的该多个电池单体20可以呈阵列排列，以有效提高该电池10的容纳空间的空间利用率。具体地，该电池10可以包括沿第二方向Y排列的至少一列电池单体20，每列电池单体10包括沿第一方向X排列的多个电池单体20，第二方向Y垂直于第一方向X。例如，图2以电池10包括沿第二方向Y排列的两列电池单体20为例，并且，每列电池单体20包括沿第一方向X排列的多个电池单体20，这里以两列电池单体20包括的电池单体20的数量相等为例，但本申请实施例并不限于此。
本申请实施例的电池单体20的形状可以根据实际应用灵活设置，并且电池10中包括的多个电池单体20的形状可以相同或者不同。例如，该电池10中包括的多个电池单体20的形状可以相同，以便于加工和组装。再例如，电池单体20可以为长方体或者圆柱体，或者也可以为其他多面体结构。为了便于描述，本申请中主要以电池10包括形状和尺寸相同的多个电池单体，并且每个电池单体20为长方体为例，但本申请实施例并不限于此。
在本申请实施例中，长方体电池单体20包括六个壁，其中，第一壁21可以为任意一个壁。该第一壁21上设置有泄压机构212，为了使得该泄压机构212能够在电池单体20的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放该内部压力以及降低内部温度，因此，该第一壁21通常不会设置为两个电池单体20相互附接的壁上。例如，如图2所示，两个相邻的电池单体20之间可以通过面积最大的壁相互附接，那么设置有泄压机构211的第一壁21不是该面积最大的壁；相反的，如果两个相邻的电池单体20之间通过其他壁附接，那么设置有泄压机构212的第一壁21也可以设置为面积最大的壁。
为了便于说明，这里以沿第一方向X排列的相邻两个电池单体20之间通过面积最大的壁相互附接，而沿第二方向Y排列的相邻的两个电池单体20之间通过面积最小的壁相互附接为例，则设置有泄压机构212的第一壁21不是面积最大的壁，也不是面积最小的壁，该电池单体20的第一壁21不与相邻的电池单体20的壁附接，以保证第一壁21上设置的泄压机构212能够及时泄放热失控的电池单体20的内部压力。
应理解，本申请实施例的泄压机构212设置为在电池单体20的内部温度或者压力达到阈值时致动，该阈值可以根据实际应用的需求不同而设置为不同值。例如，该阈值可能取决于电池单体20中的正极极片、负极极片、电解液和隔离膜中一种或几种的材料。另外，该泄压机构212可以采用诸如防爆阀、气阀、泄压阀或安全阀等的形式，并可以具体采用压敏或温敏的元件或构造，即，当电池单体20的内部压力或温度达到预定阈值时，泄压机构212执行动作或者泄压机构212中设有的薄弱结构被破坏，从而形成可供内部压力或温度泄放的开口或通道。
本申请中所提到的“致动”是指泄压机构212产生动作或被激活至一定的状态，从而使得电池单体20的内部压力及温度得以被泄放。泄压机构212产生的动作可以包 括但不限于：泄压机构212中的至少一部分破裂、破碎、被撕裂或者打开等。泄压机构212在致动时，电池单体20的内部的高温高压物质作为排放物会从致动的部位向外排出。以此方式能够在可控压力或温度的情况下使电池单体20发生泄压，从而避免潜在的更严重的事故发生。
本申请中所提到的来自电池单体20的排放物包括但不限于：电解液、被溶解或分裂的正负极极片、隔离膜的碎片、反应产生的高温高压气体、火焰等。
本申请实施例的防护部件11覆盖沿第一方向X排列的多个电池单体的泄压机构212，并且能够与第一壁21形成排气通道。在一些实施例中，考虑到该第一壁21的远离电池单体20的内部的一侧与该防护部件11之间还可以存在其他部件，因此，本申请实施例中防护部件11与第一壁21之间形成排气通道可以包括一下任意一种或者多种情况：该防护部件11与第一壁21直接接触，该防护部件11与第一壁21共同形成排气通道；该防护部件11不与该第一壁21之间接触，该防护部件11可以与设置于该第一壁21的远离电池单体20的内部的表面的其他部件接触，并且该防护部件11与该其他部件之间形成排气通道；该防护部件11的部分区域与第一壁21的部分区域接触，并且，该防护部件11还存在部分区域与设置于该第一壁21的远离电池单体20的内部的表面的其他部件接触，那么该防护部件11、该第一壁21以及设置于该第一壁21的远离电池单体20的内部的表面的其他部件之间可以共同形成排气通道，本申请实施例并不限于此。
本申请实施例的防护部件11覆盖沿第一方向X排列的多个电池单体20，因此，该防护部件11为沿第一方向X延伸的，进而使得该防护部件11形成的排气通道沿第一方向X延伸。这样，泄压机构212致动时，通过泄压机构212排出的排放物能够从该排气通道的沿第一方向X的两端排出，以达到定向排出排放物的目的。既可以及时排出排放物，还可以避免排放物朝其他方向随机飞散而导致对电池10内其他部件的破坏，例如，可以避免排放物搭接电池10内的高压回路，也就降低了二次打火的风险，可以有效避免电池10爆炸等安全问题。
在一些实施例中，本申请实施例的电池10还可以包括箱体，该箱体具有容纳空间，以用于容纳多个电池单体20。具体地，箱体内部可以为中空结构，多个电池单体20容纳于箱体内，并且，该箱体的形状可以根据所容纳的多个电池单体20而定。例如，以图2所示的多个电池单体20为例，箱体也可以对应设置为长方体，具有六个壁。具体地，箱体可以包括两部分，这里分别称为第一部分和第二部分，第一部分和第二部分扣合在一起。第一部分和第二部分的形状可以根据电池单体20组合的形状而定，第一部分和第二部分中至少一个具有一个开口。例如，该第一部分和第二部分均可以为中空长方体且各自只有一个面为开口面，第一部分的开口和第二部分的开口相对设置，并且第一部分和第二部分相互扣合形成具有封闭腔室的箱体。再例如，第一部分和第二部分中也可以仅有一个为具有开口的中空长方体，而另一个为板状，以盖合开口处，进而形成具有封闭腔室的箱体，该腔室可以用于容纳多个电池单体20。多个电池单体20相互并联或串联或混联组合后置于第一部分和第二部分扣合后形成的箱体内。
在一些实施例中，该电池10还包括：线束隔离板13，线束隔离板13设置于第 一壁21的朝向电池单体20的外部的表面。具体地，该线束隔离板13可以采用绝缘材料，以用于隔离电池单体20的第一壁21以及其他部件。例如，该线束隔离板13可以用于包裹汇流部件，该汇流部件用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接，例如并联或串联或混联。具体地，汇流部件可通过连接电池单体20的电极端子211实现电池单体20之间的电连接。进一步地，汇流部件可通过焊接固定于电池单体20的电极端子211。
应理解，本申请实施例的每个电池单体20可以包括两个电极端子211a和211b，以用于输出电能。例如，该两个电极端子211a和211b可以分别为正电极端子和负电极端子，该两个电极端子211a和211b可以设置于电池单体20的任意一个壁或者多个壁上。例如，该两个电极端子211a和211b可以设置于同一个壁上，或者分别设置在两个壁上；并且对于任意一个电极端子211，其可以与泄压机构211设置于同一个壁，或者也可以设置于不同的壁。如图2所示，本申请实施例中以两个电极端子211a和211b均设置于第一壁21上为例进行说明，即第一壁21上设置有第一电极端子211a和第二电极端子211b，第一电极端子211a和第二电极端子211b分别位于泄压机构212的沿第二方向Y的两侧，第二方向Y垂直于第一方向X，且与第一壁21平行。
在一些实施例中，线束隔离板13还可以用于包裹其他设置在第一壁21的表面的结构，例如，该线束隔离板13还可以用于包裹柔性电路板(Flexible Printed Circuit，FPC)，该FPC可以用于监测各个电池单体20的状态，例如可以用于监测温度状态或者电压状态等，但本申请实施例并不限于此。
考虑到电池10中设置有多个电池单体20，那么连接各个电池单体20的汇流部件或者FPC等部件，可能数量较多，设置的面积较大，所以可以通过线束隔离板13对这些部件进行整合，使得多个电池单体20的组装更加方便，例如，图2所示的沿第二方向Y排列的两列电池单体20可以对应设置一个线束隔离板13。另外，线束隔离板13还可以将汇流部件或者FPC等部件与其他部件进行隔离，以避免短路。
在一些实施例中，如图2所示，该线束隔离板13可以包括第一避让区131，该第一避让区131用于避让电池单体20的电极端子211，以使得电极端子211与汇流部件实现电连接。具体地，该第一避让区131的形状可以根据电极端子211的形状进行设置，例如，如图2所示，以电极端子211为圆柱体为例，则第一避让区131可以设置为圆形，但本申请实施例并不限于此。
在一些实施例中，如图2所示，该线束隔离板13还可以包括第二避让区132，该第二避让区132用于避让泄压机构212，以便于该泄压机构212能够在电池单体20热失控时，及时排出排放物，以泄放电池单体20的内部压力。具体地，该第二避让区132的形状可以根据泄压机构212的形状进行设置，例如，可以与泄压机构212的形状保持一致，且该第二避让区132的面积大于泄压机构212的面积，以避免遮挡该泄压机构212，进而影响泄压机构212及时排出排放物。
应理解，该第一避让区131和/或第二避让区132可以通过多种方式实现。例如，该第一避让区131可以为露出局部汇流部件的区域，以使对应的电极端子211在该第一避让区131内与汇流部件电连接，例如可以通过焊接实现二者电连接。并且，还可以通过汇流部件与电极端子211的焊接，使得线束隔离板13与电池单体20的第一壁 21相对固定。再例如，该第二避让区132可以为通孔，以使得泄压机构212排出的排放物能够顺利通过该线束隔离板13排出，但本申请实施例并不限于此。
在一些实施例中，该电池单体20的第一壁21的远离电池单体20的内部的表面还可以设置有其他部件，在此不再一一赘述。例如，在该第一壁21与线束隔离板13之间，每个电池单体20的第一壁21的表面还可以设置有绝缘件，即该绝缘件与电池单体20一一对应，该绝缘件可以用于隔离第一壁21与线束隔离板13，以保护该第一壁21，但本申请实施例并不限于此。
如图2所示，鉴于本申请实施例中该第一壁21的远离电池单体20的表面可以设置有线束隔离板13，因此，本申请主要以该防护部件11与该线束隔离板13形成排气通道为例进行描述，即防护部件11间接与第一壁21形成排气通道。
具体地，本申请实施例的防护部件11在该多个电池单体20的外部覆盖该多个电池单体20的泄压机构212，并与设置于第一壁21的表面的线束隔离板13形成排气通道。在一些实施例中，防护部件11的材料包括以下至少一种：金属、云母、玻璃纤维和陶瓷。例如，该防护部件11可以选择金属，以使该防护部件11的强度足够大，避免防护部件11被通过泄压机构212排出的排放物破坏，进而避免排气通道被破坏。再例如，该防护部件11也可以选择强度较大且熔点较高的云母，同样可以保证该防护部件11的强度，还具有良好的隔热效果。
图3示出了本申请实施例的防护部件11的局部放大图。如图2和图3所示，防护部件11包括顶壁111、第一侧壁112和第二侧壁113，顶壁111与多个电池单体20的泄压机构212相对设置，顶壁111用于连接第一侧壁112和第二侧壁113，第一侧壁112和第二侧壁113分别连接至线束隔离板13。具体地，该防护部件11的顶壁111、第一侧壁112、第二侧壁113以及线束隔离板13的朝向防护部件11的表面可以共同形成排气通道的壁，多个壁形成的排气通道便于加工且更加稳定。
在一些实施例中，本申请实施例的排气通道的沿垂直于该排气通道轴向的表面的剖面的形状和尺寸可以根据实际应用进行设置。例如，如图3所示，第一侧壁112与线束隔离板13之间的夹角α的取值范围为[30°，90°]；和/或，第二侧壁113与线束隔离板13之间的夹角β的取值范围为[30°，90°]。具体地，该第一侧壁112与线束隔离板13之间的夹角α和/或第二侧壁113与线束隔离板13之间的夹角β不宜设置过大，这样会增加该防护部件沿电池10的高度方向的尺寸，也就会增加该电池10在高度方向Z上的总尺寸，则会降低电池10的能量密度；但该夹角α和/或夹角β也不宜设置过小，若设置过小，则会导致该防护部件11形成的排气通道过小，不利于排放物及时排出，可能导致热失控扩散，进而导致电池10保证。
再例如，该第一侧壁112与线束隔离板13之间的夹角α可以等于第二侧壁113与线束隔离板13之间的夹角β，以便于加工和安装，并且，可以保证该顶壁111与线束隔离板13平行，便于其他部件的安装。
在一些实施例中，如图2和图3所示，第一侧壁112的靠近线束隔离板13的一端设置有第一连接部114，第一连接部114平行于线束隔离板13，第一侧壁112通过第一连接部114与线束隔离板13固定；和/或，第二侧壁113的靠近线束隔离板13的一 端设置有第二连接部115，第二连接部115平行于线束隔离板13，第二侧壁113通过第二连接部115与线束隔离板13固定。通过设置的第一连接部114和第二连接部115则可以实现防护部件11与线束隔离板13之间的固定，使得该防护部件11稳定，且便于加工和安装。
在一些实施例中，第一连接部114与线束隔离板13之间通过以下方式中的至少一种连接：卡扣连接、螺纹连接和焊接；和/或，第二连接部115与线束隔离板13之间通过以下方式中的至少一种连接：卡扣连接、螺纹连接和焊接。例如，如图2和图3所示，该第一连接部114上可以设置有多个第一连接区域1141，该第一连接区域可以为第三通孔，该第三通孔可以用于实现第一连接部114与线束隔离板13之间的螺纹连接，或者该第一连接区域1141可以用于设置限位结构，以与线束隔离板13实现卡扣连接，或者该第一连接区域1141为焊接区，以实现与线束隔离板13之间焊接。类似的，该第二连接部115上可以设置有多个第二连接区域1151，该第二连接区域1151可以为第四通孔1151，该第四通孔可以用于实现第二连接部115与线束隔离板13之间的螺纹连接，或者该第二连接区域1151可以用于设置限位结构，以与线束隔离板13实现卡扣连接，或者该第二连接区域1151为焊接区，以实现与线束隔离板13之间焊接。上述各种方式既便于加工，又可以保证防护部件11的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，如图3所示，该第一侧壁112和/或第二侧壁113上设置有多个第一通孔1121和1131，第一通孔1121和1131用于在泄压机构212致动时，泄放电池单体20的内部的压力。具体地，该第一侧壁112可以设置有一个或者多个第一通孔1121，该第二侧壁113上可以设置有一个或者多个第一通孔1131。考虑到热失控的电池单体20可以在瞬间排出大量排放物，该排放物可能包括大量高温气体，仅通过该防护构件11的两端排出该排放物，可能存在排放不及时的问题。因此，可以通过设置多个第一通孔1121和1131，以排出部分气体，一方面及时降低热失控的电池单体20的内部压力，避免压力过大导致爆炸，另一方面，该第一通孔1121和1131的尺寸较小，不会排出大碎屑排放物，也就不会对其他部件造成过大影响。
应理解，第一通孔1121和1131的形状和尺寸可以根据实际应用灵活选择。例如，该第一通孔1121和1131的形状可以为圆形，以便于加工。再例如，该第一通孔1121和1131的孔径小于或者等于10mm，以避免孔径设置过大时，通过泄压机构212排出的排放物中存在尺寸过大的碎屑通过该第一通孔1121和1131排出，大尺寸碎屑可能搭接到电池10内的高压回路，进而发生短路，并可能引发二次打火，导致电池10爆炸。具体地，可以设置第一通孔1121和1131的孔径等于5mm，本申请实施例并不限于此。
应理解，第一通孔1121和1131的数量可以根据实际应用进行设置，但数量不易过多，以避免降低防护部件11的强度，进而避免泄压机构212致动时，排出的排放物破坏该防护部件11，导致排放物无法从防护部件11的沿第一方向X的两端定向排出。
在一些实施例中，该电池10还包括：消防管道12，用于容纳消防介质，消防管道12用于在泄压机构212致动时排出消防介质。考虑到泄压机构212排出的排放物的威力和破坏力可能很大，且温度较高，因此，可以在电池单体20的泄压机构212的 对应位置处设置消防管道12。利用泄压机构212致动时，从电池单体20内排出的排放物破坏该消防管道12，以使得消防管道12内的消防介质从消防管道12被破坏的地方排出，对泄压机构212排出的排放物进行冷却降温，降低排放物的危险性，避免排放物温度过高，造成热扩散而使得其他电池单体20发生热失控，从而能够增强电池10的安全性。
应理解，消防管道12对应多个电池单体20的泄压机构212设置，且沿第一方向X延伸。为了使得消防管道12能够在泄压机构212致动时被破坏，以及时对由泄压机构212排出的排放物进行降温，消防管道12的位置应对应于泄压机构212的位置。例如，如图2所示，该消防管道12可以沿第一方向X延伸，以对应于沿第一方向X排列的全部多个泄压机构212，既可以使得该消防管道12内存储的消防介质较多，又保证任意一个电池单体20发生热失控时，消防管道12存在与之对应的区域并被破坏，排出的消防介质及时对电池单体20的排放物进行降温。并且，电池10包括沿第二方向Y排列的多列电池单体20时，可以对应设置有多个消防管道12，每个消防管道12对应一列电池单体20，但本申请实施例并不限于此。
本申请实施例中的消防管道12用于容纳消防介质，这里的消防介质可以为流体，该流体可以是液体或气体。该消防管道12能够在泄压机构211致动时排出该消防介质，例如，该消防管道12可以对应于泄压机构211设置，以使得泄压机构211致动时，能够破坏该消防管道12，其内部的消防介质流出，可以对泄压机构211排出的排放物进行降温，以避免热失控的电池单体20发生热扩散，提高电池10的安全性。
另外，在泄压机构212未破坏该消防管道12的情况下，该消防管道12中可以不容纳任何物质，而在泄压机构212致动的情况下，使得消防管道12中容纳消防介质，例如，可以通过开关阀门控制消防介质进入至消防管道12中。或者，在泄压机构211未被破坏的情况下，该消防管道12中也可以始终容纳有消防介质，该消防介质还可以用于调节电池单体20的温度。调节温度是指给多个电池单体20加热或者冷却。在给电池单体20冷却或降温的情况下，该消防管道12用于容纳冷却流体以给多个电池单体20降低温度，此时，消防管道12也可以称为冷却部件、冷却系统或冷却管道等，其容纳的消防介质也可以称为冷却介质或冷却流体，更具体的，可以称为冷却液或冷却气体。可选的，所述消防介质可以是循环流动的，以达到更好的温度调节的效果。可选的，消防介质可以为水、水和乙二醇的混合液或者空气等。
在一些实施例中，防护部件11还用于限制消防管道12的位置。为了使得消防管道12能够在泄压机构212致动时被破坏，以及时对由泄压机构212排出的排放物进行降温，消防管道12的位置应对应于泄压机构212的位置。但是，在电池10的实际使用过程中，电池可能发生振动，进而导致消防管道12的位置发生变化。因此，可以通过该防护部件11限制该消防管道12的位置，一方面可以避免消防管道12发生移位，避免消防管道12脱离原本的安装位置，进而使得泄压机构212致动时，能够顺利和准确地破坏消防管道12，进而及时对经由泄压机构212排出的排放物进行降温处理，提高电池的安全性能；另一方面也避免额外设置用于固定该消防管道12的部件，简化了加工和安装过程。另外，考虑到消防管道12刚性弱，在泄压机构212致动时，排出的 排放物冲向消防管道12，很可能导致消防管道12发生大面积变形，内部消防介质流出位置不确定，那么防护部件11限制消防管道12的位置，还可以限制消防管道12被破坏的位置和方向，保证内部消防介质能够流至泄压机构212所在区域，提高消防管道12排出的消防介质的降温效果。
下面将结合附图，对防护部件11与消防管道12之间的不同位置关系进行详细描述。
在一些实施例中，消防管道12设置在顶壁111的靠近电池单体20的一侧。图4示出了消防管道12设置在顶壁111内侧时的示意图，图5示出了将消防管道12设置在防护部件11内部时电池10的局部结构示意图；图6示出了电池10的局部剖面示意图，该剖面为沿垂直于第一方向X的平面的剖面。如图4至图6所示，消防管道12可以设置于防护部件11的内部。具体地，该消防管道12可以与该防护部件11的顶壁111相对固定，例如，可以通过粘合剂，将消防管道12固定在顶壁111的朝向电池单体10的一侧的表面。一方面无需使用额外的固定结构单独固定消防管道12，尤其是在该消防管道12的壁较为圆滑的情况下，通过设置卡扣等方式固定该消防管道12的难度较大，而通过防护部件11固定该消防管道12更加便于加工和装配。另一方面，消防管道12与顶壁111相对固定，更加稳定，能够通过该防护部件11增加消防管道12的整体刚度，避免消防管道12发生偏移，尤其在泄压机构212致动时，排放物位于防护部件11形成的排气通道内，使得排出的排放物可以快速且准确地破坏消防管道12，加快破坏速度，以及时降温，也避免排放物将消防管道12冲开，增强热失控管控的可靠性。
应理解，本申请实施例的消防管道12设置于防护部件11的内部的情况下，也可以不与该防护部件11相对固定。具体地，可以通过在线束隔离板13上设置固定件，以固定该消防管道12，而该防护部件11通过第一连接部114和第二连接部115与线束隔离板13相对固定，这样，可以实现消防管道12与防护部件11分开固定。或者，也可以既通过线束隔离板13上设置的固定件固定该消防管道12，又通过粘合剂使得该消防管道12与防护部件11之间固定，进而增加该消防管道12的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，如图4至图6所示，顶壁111上设置有多个泄压区1111，泄压区1111用于在泄压机构212致动时，使得来自电池单体20的排放物能够通过泄压区1111排出。具体地，与第一通孔1121和1131的作用类似，一方面，该泄压区1111能够及时排出部分高温气体，及时降低热失控的电池单体20的内部压力，避免压力过大导致爆炸，另一方面，该泄压区1111的尺寸较小，不会排出大碎屑排放物，也就不会对其他部件造成过大影响。
在一些实施例中，泄压区1111为顶壁111上的薄弱区，薄弱区用于在泄压机构212致动时，被来自电池单体20的排放物破坏。例如，该薄弱区可以通过采用温敏材料实现，或者通过设置刻痕或者凹槽实现，以使得该泄压区1111在对应的泄压机构212未被破坏时，保持相对密封，保持防护部件11的强度。
或者，泄压区1111为顶壁111上的第二通孔，与第一通孔1121和1131类似，该第二通孔可以及时排出排放物。
本申请实施例的泄压区1111的形状和尺寸可以根据实际应用灵活选择。例如， 该泄压区1111的形状可以为圆形，以便于加工。再例如，该泄压区1111的孔径小于或者等于10mm，以避免孔径设置过大时，通过泄压机构212排出的排放物中存在尺寸过大的碎屑通过该泄压区1111排出，大尺寸碎屑可能搭接到电池10内的高压回路，进而发生短路，并可能引发二次打火，导致电池10爆炸。具体地，可以设置泄压区1111的孔径等于5mm，本申请实施例并不限于此。
应理解，泄压区1111的数量可以根据实际应用进行设置，但数量不易过多，以避免降低防护部件11的强度，进而避免泄压机构212致动时，排出的排放物破坏该防护部件11，导致排放物无法从防护部件11的沿第一方向X的两端定向排出。例如，该顶壁111设置的多个泄压区1111可以与多个电池单体20的泄压机构212一一对应，以便于该泄压区1111能够及时排出部分排放物。
应理解，在消防管道12设置于防护部件11的内部的情况下，为了保证泄压机构212排出的排放物更加集中，以使消防管道12能够被快速破坏，该顶壁111也可以不设置有泄压区1111。例如，如图5中左边防护部件11所示，该顶壁111可以不设置有泄压区1111；并且，本申请实施例中的电池10中包括的多个防护部件11可以均不设置有该泄压区1111，或者均设置有泄压区1111，或者部分设置有泄压区1111，而部分不设置有泄压区1111，本申请实施例并不限于此。
在一些实施例中，防护部件11的沿第一方向X的长度大于或者等于多个电池单体20的沿第一方向X的总长度，这样，可以使得防护部件11的沿第一方向X的两端能够超出对应的最外侧电池单体20，一方面在通过防护部件11形成的排气通道两端排出排放物的情况下，该排放物不会对位于最外侧的电池单体20造成影响，避免热扩散；另一方面，便于该防护部件11形成的排气通道的两端能够分别连接收集区，以集中收集排放物。
如图4至图6所示，第一连接部114对应于泄压机构212与第一电极端子211a之间的区域；和/或，第二连接部115对应于泄压机构212与第二电极端子211b之间的区域。将第一连接部114和第二连接部115分别设置于对应的电极端子211和泄压机构212之间，能够合理利用空间，使得该防护部件11形成的排气通道既能够覆盖泄压机构212，又不会影响电极端子211的安装，避免短路。
在一些实施例中，消防管道12设置在顶壁111的远离电池单体20的一侧。图7示出了本申请实施例的消防管道12设置在顶壁111外侧时的示意图，图8示出了将消防管道12设置在防护部件11外部时电池10的局部结构示意图，该图7可以为图8中的防护部件11和消防管道12。如图7和图8所示，该消防管道12可以与该防护部件11的顶壁111相对固定，例如，可以通过粘合剂，将消防管道12固定在顶壁111的远离电池单体10的一侧的表面。这样，无需使用额外的固定结构单独固定消防管道12，尤其是在该消防管道12的外表面较为圆滑的情况下，通过设置卡扣等方式固定该消防管道12的难度较大，而通过防护部件11固定该消防管道12更加便于加工和装配。
在本申请实施例中，如图7和图8所示，对于消防管道12设置在顶壁111的远离电池单体20的一侧的情况，顶壁111上设置有多个泄压区1111，多个泄压区1111与多个电池单体20的泄压机构212一一对应，泄压区1111用于在泄压机构212致动 时，使得来自电池单体20的排放物能够通过泄压区1111破坏消防管道12。也就是说，电池单体20未发生热失控时，消防管道12与顶壁111相对固定，更加稳定，能够通过该防护部件11增加消防管道12的整体刚度，避免消防管道12发生偏移；而在泄压机构212致动时，排除的排放物既可以通过防护部件11形成的排气通道排除，又可以通过泄压区1111，使得排出的排放物可以快速且准确地破坏消防管道12，使得消防管道12内部的消防介质能够及时降温，也避免热失控扩散。
泄压区1111的沿第二方向Y的长度小于或者等于消防管道12的沿第二方向Y的长度，第二方向Y垂直于第一方向X，且与第一壁21平行。例如，该泄压区1111可以为圆形区域，则该泄压区1111的直径可以设置为小于消防管道12的沿第二方向Y的长度。泄压区1111的尺寸不宜过大，以避免尺寸过大的排放物通过该泄压区1111飞散，进而影响电池10内其他部件；并且，若泄压区1111的尺寸过大，泄压机构212致动时，会导致大面积的泄压区1111被破坏，进而导致该防护部件11形成的排气通道失效，排放物无法定向排出，影响电池10的安全。
应理解，图7和图8所示的实施例与前述图4中图7所示的实施例的区别在于消防管道12与防护部件11的相对位置，而对于其他描述，图7和图8所示的实施例适用于前述图4中图7所示的实施例，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
应理解，本申请实施例的消防管道12与防护部件11之间还可以具有其他位置关系，为了简洁，在此不再一一赘述。例如，在一些实施例中，消防管道12为顶壁111。图9示出了本申请实施例的电池10的另一局部剖面示意图，该剖面为沿垂直于第一方向X的平面的剖面。如图9所示，与前述各个实施例不同的是，该消防管道12还可以代替防护部件11的顶壁111，即该防护部件11包括消防管道12、第一侧壁112以及第二侧壁113，该消防管道12连接该第一侧壁112以及第二侧壁113。将防护部件11与消防管道12结合为一体结构，既便于加工，又可以节省原本设置的顶壁111的空间，提高空间利用率。
具体地，该第一侧壁112可以位于消防管道12的任意位置。例如，可以位于如图9所示的左下角，或者也可以位于左上角，或者左侧壁的中间位置；类似的，第二侧壁113也可以位于消防管道12的任意位置，例如，可以位于如图9所示的右下角，或者也可以位于右上角，或者位于右侧壁的中间位置，本申请实施例并不限于此。
在本申请上述实施例中，以该防护部件11位于线束隔离板13的远离第一壁21的一侧为例进行说明，与之不同的，该防护部件11还可以位于其他位置，在此不再一一赘述。例如，该防护部件11还可以位于线束隔离板13与第一壁21之间，以通过该线束隔离板13的至少部分区域固定该防护部件11的至少部分区域。具体地，该线束隔离板13可以包括开口区域，防护部件11至少部分通过该开口区域凸出于该线束隔离板13的表面，而该防护部件11的第一连接部114和第二连接部115被夹持于线束隔离板13的开口区域的边缘和第一壁21之间，以固定该防护部件11。
再例如，该电池10还可以不包括该线束隔离板13，则该防护部件11可以设置于该第一壁21的远离电池单体20的内部的表面，例如，可以通过该第一壁21表面设置的汇流部件固定该防护部件11，以减少第一壁21的远离电池单体20的内部的表面 设置的部件。
上文描述了本申请实施例的电池10和用电设备，下面将描述本申请实施例的制造电池10的方法和设备，其中未详细描述的部分可参见前述各实施例。
图10示出了本申请一个实施例的制造电池10的方法300的示意性流程图。如图10所示，该方法300可以包括：S310，提供沿第一方向X排列的多个电池单体20，该电池单体20的第一壁21设置有泄压机构212，该泄压机构212用于在该电池单体20内部的压力或者温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放该电池单体20的内部的压力；S320，提供防护部件11，该防护部件11在该多个电池单体20的外部覆盖该多个电池单体20的泄压机构212，并与该多个电池单体20的第一壁21形成排气通道，该排气通道用于在该泄压机构212致动时，将通过该泄压机构212排出的排放物从该排气通道的在该第一方向X的两端排出。
图11示出了本申请一个实施例的制造电池10的设备400的示意性框图。如图11所示，该设备400可以包括：提供模块410，该提供模块410用于：提供沿第一方向X排列的多个电池单体20，该电池单体20的第一壁21设置有泄压机构212，该泄压机构212用于在该电池单体20内部的压力或者温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放该电池单体20的内部的压力；提供防护部件11，该防护部件11在该多个电池单体20的外部覆盖该多个电池单体20的泄压机构212，并与该多个电池单体20的第一壁21形成排气通道，该排气通道用于在该泄压机构212致动时，将通过该泄压机构212排出的排放物从该排气通道的在该第一方向X的两端排出。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种电池，包括：
    沿第一方向排列的多个电池单体(20)，所述电池单体(20)的第一壁(21)设置有泄压机构(212)，所述泄压机构(212)用于在所述电池单体(20)内部的压力或者温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放所述电池单体(20)的内部的压力；
    防护部件(11)，所述防护部件(11)在所述多个电池单体(20)的外部覆盖所述多个电池单体(20)的泄压机构(212)，并与所述多个电池单体(20)的第一壁(21)形成排气通道，所述排气通道用于在所述泄压机构(212)致动时，将通过所述泄压机构(212)排出的排放物从所述排气通道的在所述第一方向的两端排出。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其中，所述电池还包括：
    消防管道(12)，用于容纳消防介质，所述消防管道(12)用于在所述泄压机构(212)致动时排出所述消防介质。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池，其中，所述防护部件(11)还用于限制所述消防管道(12)的位置。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电池，其中，所述消防管道(12)对应所述多个电池单体(20)的泄压机构(212)设置，且沿所述第一方向延伸。
  5. 根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述电池还包括：
    线束隔离板(13)，所述线束隔离板(13)设置于所述第一壁(21)的朝向所述电池单体(20)的外部的表面。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池，其中，所述防护部件(11)包括顶壁(111)、第一侧壁(112)和第二侧壁(113)，所述顶壁(111)与所述多个电池单体(20)的泄压机构(212)相对设置，所述顶壁(111)用于连接所述第一侧壁(112)和所述第二侧壁(113)，所述第一侧壁(112)和第二侧壁(113)分别连接至所述线束隔离板(13)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池，其中，所述第一侧壁(112)和/或所述第二侧壁(113)上设置有多个第一通孔(1121,1131)，所述第一通孔(1121,1131)用于在所述泄压机构(212)致动时，泄放所述电池单体(20)的内部的压力。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池，其中，所述第一通孔(1121,1131)的孔径小于或者等于10mm。
  9. 根据权利要求6至8中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述消防管道(12)设置在所述顶壁(111)的靠近所述电池单体(20)的一侧。
  10. 根据权利要求6至8中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述消防管道(12)设置在所述顶壁(111)的远离所述电池单体(20)的一侧，所述顶壁(111)上设置有多个泄压区(1111)，所述多个泄压区(1111)与所述多个电池单体(20)的泄压机构(212)一一对应，所述泄压区(1111)用于在所述泄压机构(212)致动时，使得来自所述电池单体(20)的排放物能够通过所述泄压区(1111)破坏所述消防管道 (12)。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池，其中，所述泄压区(1111)为所述顶壁(111)上的薄弱区，所述薄弱区用于在所述泄压机构(212)致动时，被来自所述电池单体(20)的排放物破坏。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的电池，其中，所述泄压区(1111)为所述顶壁(111)上的第二通孔。
  13. 根据权利要求10至12中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述泄压区(1111)的沿第二方向的长度小于或者等于所述消防管道(12)的沿所述第二方向的长度，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向，且与所述第一壁(21)平行。
  14. 根据权利要求6至8中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述消防管道(12)为所述顶壁(111)。
  15. 根据权利要求6至14中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述第一侧壁(112)与所述线束隔离板(13)之间的夹角的取值范围为[30°，90°]；和/或，
    所述第二侧壁(113)与所述线束隔离板(13)之间的夹角的取值范围为[30°，90°]。
  16. 根据权利要求6至15中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述第一侧壁(112)的靠近所述线束隔离板(13)的一端设置有第一连接部(114)，所述第一连接部(114)平行于所述线束隔离板(13)，所述第一侧壁(112)通过所述第一连接部(114)与所述线束隔离板(13)固定；和/或，
    所述第二侧壁(113)的靠近所述线束隔离板(13)的一端设置有第二连接部(115)，所述第二连接部(115)平行于所述线束隔离板(13)，所述第二侧壁(113)通过所述第二连接部(115)与所述线束隔离板(13)固定。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电池，其中，所述第一连接部(114)与所述线束隔离板(13)之间通过以下方式中的至少一种连接：卡扣连接、螺纹连接和焊接；和/或，
    所述第二连接部(115)与所述线束隔离板(13)之间通过以下方式中的至少一种连接：卡扣连接、螺纹连接和焊接。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的电池，其中，所述第一壁(21)上设置有第一电极端子(211a)和第二电极端子(211b)，所述第一电极端子(211a)和所述第二电极端子(211b)分别位于所述泄压机构(212)的沿第二方向的两侧，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向，且与所述第一壁(21)平行，
    所述第一连接部(114)对应于所述泄压机构(212)与所述第一电极端子(211a)之间的区域；和/或，
    所述第二连接部(115)对应于所述泄压机构(212)与所述第二电极端子(211b)之间的区域。
  19. 根据权利要求1至18中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述防护部件(11)的沿所述第一方向的长度大于或者等于所述多个电池单体(20)的沿所述第一方向的总长度。
  20. 根据权利要求1至19中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述防护部件(11)的材料包括以下至少一种：金属、云母、玻璃纤维和陶瓷。
  21. 一种用电设备，包括：
    如权利要求1至20中任一项所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
  22. 一种制造电池的方法，包括：
    提供沿第一方向排列的多个电池单体(20)，所述电池单体(20)的第一壁(21)设置有泄压机构(212)，所述泄压机构(212)用于在所述电池单体(20)内部的压力或者温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放所述电池单体(20)的内部的压力；
    提供防护部件(11)，所述防护部件(11)在所述多个电池单体(20)的外部覆盖所述多个电池单体(20)的泄压机构(212)，并与所述多个电池单体(20)的第一壁(21)形成排气通道，所述排气通道用于在所述泄压机构(212)致动时，将通过所述泄压机构(212)排出的排放物从所述排气通道的在所述第一方向的两端排出。
  23. 一种制造电池的设备，包括：提供模块，用于：
    提供沿第一方向排列的多个电池单体(20)，所述电池单体(20)的第一壁(21)设置有泄压机构(212)，所述泄压机构(212)用于在所述电池单体(20)内部的压力或者温度达到阈值时致动，以泄放所述电池单体(20)的内部的压力；
    提供防护部件(11)，所述防护部件(11)在所述多个电池单体(20)的外部覆盖所述多个电池单体(20)的泄压机构(212)，并与所述多个电池单体(20)的第一壁(21)形成排气通道，所述排气通道用于在所述泄压机构(212)致动时，将通过所述泄压机构(212)排出的排放物从所述排气通道的在所述第一方向的两端排出。
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