WO2023146376A1 - 전극 및 이를 포함하는 전기화학소자 - Google Patents
전극 및 이를 포함하는 전기화학소자 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023146376A1 WO2023146376A1 PCT/KR2023/001366 KR2023001366W WO2023146376A1 WO 2023146376 A1 WO2023146376 A1 WO 2023146376A1 KR 2023001366 W KR2023001366 W KR 2023001366W WO 2023146376 A1 WO2023146376 A1 WO 2023146376A1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrode manufactured by a dry method of compressing a plurality of granules including an electrode active material and an electrode binder, and an electrochemical device including the same.
- a secondary battery is a representative example of an electrochemical device using such electrochemical energy, and its use area is gradually expanding.
- representative lithium secondary batteries are used not only as an energy source for mobile devices, but also as vehicles that use fossil fuels such as gasoline vehicles and diesel vehicles, which are one of the major causes of air pollution. Its use as a power source for automobiles is being realized, and its use area is expanding to applications such as power auxiliary power sources through gridization.
- the pressurization process is performed in such a way that pressure is applied through the electrode surface.
- the pressure is concentrated near the electrode surface compared to other parts,
- the porosity of may be excessively reduced. In this way, when the porosity of the surface of the electrode is reduced, the wettability of the electrolyte solution or the ionic conductivity may be reduced.
- the mixing of the upper and lower electrode active materials is small at the interlayer interface, and the porosity of the upper part of the electrode is properly maintained in terms of improving electrolyte inflow or ionic conductivity.
- the need for electrodes is increasing.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multilayer electrode for an electrochemical device with less mixing of an interlayer electrode active material.
- another problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multilayer electrode having a high porosity on the electrode.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a dry electrode including granular particles as a multi-layer electrode having a small amount of interlayer electrode active material and having a high porosity on the upper side of the electrode.
- a first aspect of the present invention relates to an electrode for an electrochemical device including a current collector and an electrode active material layer disposed on at least one side of the current collector,
- the electrode active material layer includes a unit electrode active material layer in which a plurality of granules including an electrode active material and an electrode binder are integrated by compression, and the first unit electrode active material layer to the n-th unit electrode active material layer are sequentially formed from the surface of the current collector. are stacked, where n is an integer of 2 or greater,
- the porosity of the n-th unit electrode active material layer disposed on the top is the highest.
- n is 3 or more and 10 or less.
- the n-th unit electrode active material layer which is the uppermost layer among the electrode active material layers, has a porosity of 40 vol% or less.
- the porosity of the first unit electrode active material layer is 20 vol% or more.
- each unit electrode active material layer has a higher porosity as it moves away from the surface of the current collector.
- each unit electrode active material layer includes a plurality of types of electrode active materials, and each unit electrode active material layer contains a plurality of components (types) of electrode active materials.
- the combination is the same, but the content ratio between each component in each unit electrode active material layer is different.
- the granules included in each unit electrode active material layer include a plurality of types of electrode active materials, and the components (types) of the plurality of electrode active materials in the granules for each unit electrode active material layer The combination is the same, but the content ratio of each granule component in each unit active material layer is different.
- each unit electrode active material layer has a binder content of 100 wt% in the upper and lower portions based on 1/2 the height of the unit electrode active material layer.
- the difference between (wt%) and the content (wt%) of the binder in the lower 100wt% is 10wt% or less.
- n is 3 or more, and the porosity of the first unit electrode active material layer at the bottom and the porosity of the n-th unit electrode active material layer at the top The difference is 5 vol% to 20 vol%.
- the electrode is a negative electrode
- the electrode active material is natural graphite, artificial graphite, and lithium (Li), silicon (Si), or tin (Sn).
- the electrode active material includes at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium alloys, silicon alloys, tin alloys, silicon oxides, tin oxides, lithium compounds, silicon-containing compounds, and tin-containing compounds.
- An eleventh aspect of the present invention is that according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, the granules include an electrode conductive material.
- the current collector has a primer layer covering all or at least a part of the surface of at least one side, and the primer layer is a conductive material. and a binder.
- a thirteenth aspect of the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an electrode according to any one of the first to twelfth aspects, wherein the method is a layer structure having a predetermined thickness by applying powder for an electrode to one side of a current collector and pressing it.
- the electrode according to the present invention relates to an electrode having a multilayer structure formed by stacking a plurality of unit electrode active material layers.
- the electrode is formed by integrating granules containing electrode materials in each unit electrode active material layer, and even if the electrode active material used in each unit layer is different, mixing of the electrode active material does not occur near the interface of the unit layer, so that electrochemical There is little interference of characteristics.
- the porosity of the unit layer disposed closer to the electrode surface is higher than that of the unit layer disposed closer to the current collector. As a result, the wettability of the electrode and the ionic conductivity of the electrode are improved.
- the electrode according to the present invention does not require pressure control during the calendering process for forming each unit electrode active material layer, and even if the same pressure is maintained, the electrode is formed for each unit electrode active material layer by the nature of the material included in each layer. It may have a gradient of porosity.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a cross section of an electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 2 shows the Nyquist plot results of the cells of each Example and Comparative Example.
- Figure 3 shows a schematic view of the surface and the center of the granule 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 4 shows a SEM image of the first granules obtained by the above preparation.
- glass transition temperature is measured by a conventional method known in the art, and may be measured by, for example, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
- porosity means the ratio of the volume occupied by pores to the total volume in a structure, using its unit vol%, and interchangeably with terms such as porosity and porosity can be used
- the measurement of the porosity is not particularly limited, and according to an embodiment of the present invention, for example, BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) measurement method or mercury permeation method (Hg porosimeter) and ASTM using nitrogen gas Can be measured according to D-2873.
- the true density of the measurement object is calculated from the density (apparent density) of the measurement object, the composition ratio of the materials included in the measurement object, and the density of each component, and the porosity is calculated from the difference between the apparent density and the net density. can be calculated.
- average particle diameter means the particle diameter at the 50% point of the cumulative distribution of the number of particles according to the particle diameter, and the particle diameter may be measured using a laser diffraction method.
- a laser diffraction particle size measuring device e.g. Microtrac S3500
- the D50 particle size can be measured by calculating the particle size at the point where it becomes 50% of the cumulative distribution of the number of particles according to the particle size in the measuring device.
- the “thickness” of each layer included in the electrode may represent a value measured by a known method for measuring thickness.
- the method for measuring the thickness may be, but is not limited to, a value measured using, for example, a thickness meter (Mitutoyo, VL-50S-B).
- specific surface area may represent a value measured by a known method for measuring a specific surface area.
- the method for measuring the specific surface area is not limited thereto, but may be, for example, a value measured by a liquid or fixed method.
- the present invention relates to an electrode for an electrochemical device.
- the electrode may be an anode or a cathode depending on the polarity of the electrode.
- the electrochemical device of the present invention includes all devices that undergo an electrochemical reaction, and specific examples include all types of primary cells, secondary cells, fuel cells, solar cells, or capacitors such as supercapacitor devices.
- the electrochemical device may be a secondary battery, more preferably a lithium ion secondary battery.
- the electrochemical device may include an anode or a cathode according to the present invention, or both.
- An electrode according to one aspect of the present invention includes a current collector and an electrode active material layer disposed on at least one side of the current collector.
- the electrode active material layer is formed by introducing granules containing an electrode active material and an electrode binder.
- the electrode active material layer includes two or more unit electrode active material layers (hereinafter, also referred to as unit layers) formed by compressing the plurality of granules.
- the electrode active material layer may further include electrode active material particles in a free state, binder particles, conductive material particles, etc. derived from granules or not participating in the formation of granules.
- the electrode active material layer may contain 80 wt% or more, 90 wt% or more, 95 wt% or more, or 99 wt% or more of the granules relative to 100 wt% of the electrode active material layer.
- each unit layer may contain 80 wt% or more, 90 wt% or more, 95 wt% or more, or 99 wt% or more of the granules relative to 100 wt% of the unit layer.
- a first unit electrode active material layer to an n-th unit electrode active material layer are sequentially stacked from the surface of the current collector, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and among the unit electrode active material layers included in the electrode active material layer The porosity of the n-th unit electrode active material layer disposed on the uppermost portion is the highest.
- the electrode active material layer has a multilayer structure in which n unit layers are sequentially stacked from the surface of the current collector.
- n is an integer greater than or equal to 2
- a unit layer disposed on the surface of the current collector is referred to as a first unit layer
- a unit layer disposed farthest from the current collector is referred to as an nth unit layer.
- the porosity of the uppermost layer (n-th unit layer) disposed on the uppermost electrode among the unit layers is the highest.
- the uppermost layer is disposed farthest from the current collector among the unit layers, and means a unit layer facing the separator during electrode manufacturing.
- the electrode active material layer may have 2 or more, 3 or more, or 5 or more unit layers.
- the number of unit layers is not particularly limited, but may be 20 or less, 10 or less, 7 or less, or 5 or less.
- the thickness of each unit layer in the electrode active material layer may have a range of 20% to 80% relative to 100% of the total thickness of the active material layer.
- the uppermost layer may have a thickness range of 20 to 80%.
- the lowermost layer may have a thickness range of 80 to 20%.
- the electrode active material layer has pores provided by an interstitial volume, which is a space between the granules, and may exhibit porous characteristics derived from such a structure.
- the electrode active material layer preferably has a porosity of 20 vol% to 40 vol% when considering aspects such as electrolyte impregnability, shape stability, and ionic conductivity.
- the porosity difference between each unit layer to be interviewed is 1 vol% or more, preferably 2 vol% or more.
- the porosity difference between each unit layer is preferably 20 vol% or less. As a specific example, it may be 10 vol% or less, or 5 vol% or less.
- the electrode active material layer preferably includes three or more unit layers so that the difference in porosity between layers does not appear too steep.
- the porosity of each unit layer may sequentially increase as the distance from the surface of the current collector increases, and the porosity of the uppermost layer among the unit layers is the highest. In this way, by increasing the porosity toward the uppermost layer, it is possible to smoothly move lithium ions so that an even electrochemical reaction occurs in the thickness direction of the electrode active material layer.
- the porosity of the nth unit layer may be 50 vol% or less, 40 vol% or less, 35 vol% or less, or 30 vol% or less. In one embodiment, the porosity of the nth unit layer may be 30 vol% to 40 vol%, and may be 33 vol% to 37 vol%. In addition, the porosity of the first unit layer may be 20 vol% or more. If the porosity of the uppermost layer is excessively high or the porosity of the first unit layer is excessively low, it is difficult to control the porosity of the entire electrode active material layer within an appropriate range. It is desirable to do
- the electrode active material layer may include three or more unit layers, and at this time, the difference between the porosity of the first unit layer and the porosity of the uppermost layer is 5 vol% to 20 vol%, preferably 8 vol % to 12 vol%, more preferably 8 vol% to 12 vol%.
- each unit layer has a binder content (wt%) of the upper 100wt% and a binder content (wt%) of the lower 100wt% in the upper and lower parts based on 1/2 the height of the unit layer.
- the difference may represent a value of 10 wt% or less.
- This distribution of the binder may be due to the fact that the electrode active material layer according to the present invention is prepared by compression of the granules.
- the electrode manufacturing method of the present invention is characterized in that, after manufacturing granule particles containing an electrode material, the granules are accumulated in a layered structure by applying and pressurizing the granule particles to a current collector.
- migration of the binder is induced by evaporation of the solvent during drying of the slurry, so that the binder is intensively distributed on the surface of the electrode.
- the migration phenomenon of the binder does not occur because a method of compressing and accumulating dry granule particles without using a solvent is applied. Accordingly, the binder shows a uniform distribution in the thickness direction in each unit layer.
- the granules may have a form of composite particles including an electrode active material, an electrode binder, and optional components added as needed. Specifically, the granule may be formed into secondary particles by binding two or more electrode active material particles together by the electrode binder and assembling them.
- the electrode active material may mean a collection of particles, and here, the diameter of each particle of the electrode active material may be 0.05 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m.
- the electrode active material may be 80wt% or more or 90wt% or more based on 100wt% of the total granule, and the electrode binder may be included in 20wt% or less or 10wt% or less.
- the granules may further include an electrode conductive material as an optional component, if necessary.
- the electrode conductive material may be included in the range of 0.1 wt% to 20 wt%, preferably 0.1 wt% to 10 wt%, based on 100 wt% of the granules.
- the conductive material in the granules may be included in the range of about 0.1 to 5 wt%.
- the content of the electrode active material in the granules may be 85wt% to 98wt%.
- the content of the electrode binder may be 0.5 to 10wt%, and the content of the electrode conductive material may be 0.5wt% to 5wt%.
- the content of the electrode active material may be 90wt% to 98wt%, the content of the electrode binder may be 0.5wt% to 5wt%, and the content of the electrode conductive material may be 0.5wt% to 5wt%. .
- each unit layer of the electrode active material layer may or may not be the same.
- each unit layer of the electrode active material layer may include a different electrode active material, or at least two of the unit layers included in the electrode active material layer may include different electrode active materials.
- the first unit layer and the second unit layer may each include different electrode active materials. Together with or independently of this, the second unit layer and the third unit layer may each contain different electrode active materials.
- each unit layer includes a plurality of types of electrode active materials, and the combination of components (types) of the plurality of electrode active materials in each unit layer is the same, but the content ratio between each component in each unit layer may be different.
- the granules included in each unit layer include a plurality of types of electrode active materials, and the granules of each unit layer have the same combination of components (types) of the plurality of electrode active materials, but the content of the components for each granule in each unit layer Rain may be different.
- the electrode active material layer may include artificial graphite and/or natural graphite as an anode active material.
- the content of artificial graphite and natural graphite in granules may be different for each unit layer. Specifically, the content of artificial graphite in the granules may increase from the first unit layer to the n-th unit layer. Independently or together with this, the amount of natural graphite in the granules may decrease from the first unit layer to the n-th unit layer, which is the uppermost layer.
- the content of artificial graphite contained in the granules increases and the content of natural graphite decreases as the content of the artificial graphite in the granules increases toward the uppermost layer, and together with or independently of this, the content of artificial graphite in the granules decreases and the content of natural graphite increases toward the lowermost layer.
- the content of artificial graphite in the granules decreases and the content of natural graphite increases toward the lowermost layer.
- the first unit layer which is the lowest layer among the electrode active material layers, includes a plurality of first granules, the electrode active material of the first granules includes natural graphite and artificial graphite, and the first In the granules, the content of natural graphite relative to 100 wt% of the electrode active material may be 50 wt% or more, or 70 wt% or more.
- the first unit layer may contain 90 wt% or more, more preferably 99 wt% or more, of the first granules relative to 100 wt% of the unit layer.
- the n-th unit layer which is the uppermost layer of the electrode active material layer, includes a plurality of n-th granules, and the electrode active material of the n-th granules includes only artificial graphite, or natural graphite and artificial graphite.
- graphite, and the content of artificial graphite relative to 100 wt% of the electrode active material in the n-th granules may be 80 wt% or more, preferably 90 wt% or more or 99 wt% or more.
- the n-th unit layer may contain 90 wt% or more, preferably 99 wt% or more, of the n-th granules in 100 wt% of the unit layer.
- the content of artificial graphite in the granules may increase toward the n-th layer, and the content of natural graphite in the granules may increase toward the first layer.
- the electrode active material layer may have a form in which first, second, and third unit layers are sequentially stacked.
- the first unit layer which is the lowest layer among the electrode active material layers, includes a plurality of first granules, the electrode active material of the first granules is made of natural graphite and artificial graphite, and the first The content (Nc1) of natural graphite relative to 100 wt% of the electrode active material in the granules may be 50 wt% or more, or 70 wt% or more.
- the first unit layer may contain 90 wt% or more, more preferably 99 wt% or more, of the first granules relative to 100 wt% of the unit layer.
- the second unit layer includes a plurality of second granules
- the electrode active material of the second granule is made of natural graphite and artificial graphite
- the content of natural graphite relative to 100 wt% of the electrode active material in the second granule (Nc2 ) can be adjusted to a range of 30wt% to 70wt%, preferably 30wt% to 50wt%, and is smaller than Nc1.
- the second unit layer may contain 90 wt% or more, more preferably 99 wt% or more, of the second granules relative to 100 wt% of the unit layer.
- the third unit layer includes a plurality of third granules, and the third granules contain only artificial graphite as an electrode active material, or are made of natural graphite and artificial graphite, and the third granule contains artificial graphite based on 100 wt% of the electrode active material.
- the graphite content (Ac3) may be greater than 70wt%, greater than 80wt%, preferably greater than 90wt% or greater than 99wt%.
- the third unit layer may contain 90 wt% or more, preferably 99 wt% or more, of the third granules in 100 wt% of the unit layer.
- the content of artificial graphite relative to 100wt% of the electrode active material in the first granule (Ac1), the content of artificial graphite relative to 100wt% of the electrode active material in the second granule (Ac2), and the content of artificial graphite relative to 100wt% of the electrode active material in the third granule (Ac3) is preferably Ac1 ⁇ Ac2 ⁇ Ac3.
- the electrode active material layer 110 is disposed on the surface of the current collector 120, and the electrode active material layer is formed by the first unit layer 111, the second unit layer 112, and the second unit layer 112 from the surface of the current collector.
- Three unit layers 113 are sequentially laminated.
- the electrode active material layer may have a porosity in the range of 20 vol% to 40 vol%, the porosity of the first unit layer may be 20 vol% or more, and the porosity of the third unit layer may be 40 vol%, The difference between the porosity of the first unit layer and the porosity of the third unit layer may be 5 vol% to 15 vol%. Meanwhile, a difference in porosity between the first and second unit layers and a difference in porosity between the second unit layer and the third unit layer may independently be 1 vol% or more.
- the binder content (wt%) in the upper 100 wt% and the binder content in the lower 100 wt% (wt%) at the upper and lower portions based on 1/2 the height of the unit electrode active material layer wt%) may be 10 wt% or less.
- the amount of electrode binder included in the surface portion 102 of the granule may be greater than the amount of electrode binder included in the center portion 101 of the granule 100.
- the amount of the binder may mean weight or volume.
- Figure 3 shows a schematic view of the surface and the center of the granule 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the granule is the content (wt%) (B c / G t ) of the electrode binder contained in the center of the granule relative to 100 wt% of the total weight of the granule Electrode binder contained in the surface portion of the granule
- the content (wt%) of (B s /G t ) may be higher.
- Bc is the weight of the binder included in the center
- Bs is the weight of the binder included in the surface
- G t is the total weight of the granule particles.
- the granule is the content (vol%) (B c / G t ) of the electrode binder contained in the center of the granule relative to 100 vol% of the total volume of the granule Electrode binder contained in the surface portion of the granule
- the content (vol%) of (B s /G t ) may be higher.
- Bc is the volume of the binder included in the center
- Bs is the volume of the binder included in the surface
- G t is the total volume of the granule particles.
- the surface portion may be a region near the surface of the granule from the surface of the granule to a predetermined depth in the direction of the center of the granule.
- the central part means a part other than the surface part.
- the surface portion may specifically mean a surface area from the surface of the granule inward, specifically in the direction of the center of the granule, up to 30% of the radius.
- the surface portion is up to 30% of the surface area of the radius from the surface of the granule, up to 20% of the surface area, up to 15% of the surface area, up to 10% of the surface area or up to 5% of the surface area. surface area.
- the surface portion may mean a surface area of up to 20% of the radius from the surface of the granules.
- the surface portion may mean an area from the center of the granule toward the outer side of the granule after 70% of the radius to the surface of the granule. In one embodiment of the present invention, the surface portion may mean, for example, an area after 80%, after 85%, after 90% or after 95% of the radius to the surface of the granules.
- the center of the granule may mean a point of 1/2 of the longest diameter of the granule.
- the radius may mean a distance from the center of the granule to each point on the surface of the granule.
- points equidistant from each surface of the granule along each radius specifically up to 30% of that radius from the surface, up to 20%, up to 10%, up to 5%
- the surface portion and the center portion may be distinguished based on a point up to or a point up to 1%.
- the content of the electrode binder relative to 100wt% of the total weight of the granules in the region from the center of the granule particle to the surface of the granule after 90% of the radius is 50wt% or more, 60wt% or more, 70wt% or more, It may be 80wt% or more, or 90wt% or more.
- the content of the electrode binder relative to 100 wt% of the total weight of the granule in the area is 50 wt% or more, 60 wt% or more, or 70 wt% It may be 80wt% or more, or 90wt% or more.
- the content of the electrode binder relative to 100 wt% of the total weight of the granule in the area is 50 wt% or more, 60 wt% or more, or 70 wt% or more, 80 wt% or more, or 90 wt% or more.
- the content of the electrode binder relative to 100 vol% of the total volume of the granule in that area is 50 vol% or more, 60 vol% or more, 70 vol% or more, It may be 80 vol% or more, or 90 vol% or more.
- the content of the electrode binder relative to 100 vol% of the total volume of the granule in that area is 50 vol% or more, 60 vol% or more, or 70 vol% or more, 80 vol% or more, or 90 vol% or more.
- the content of the electrode binder relative to 100 vol% of the total volume of the granule in the area is 50 vol% or more, 60 vol% or more, or 70 vol% or more, 80 vol% or more, or 90 vol% or more.
- the granules include a central portion including a plurality of electrode active materials; and a surface portion including an electrode binder positioned on all or part of the outer side of the central portion to bind the electrode active material. That is, in the center of the granule, a plurality of electrode active materials form an aggregate while making surface contact, line contact, point contact, or two or more of these contact with each other, and on the surface of the granule, some or all of the outer surface of the aggregate While the electrode binder is positioned, it is possible to fix and bind a plurality of electrode active materials in the center of the granule to each other.
- a small amount of electrode binder may be further included in the central part to serve to connect and fix a plurality of electrode active materials in the central part to each other.
- the ratio of the content of the electrode binder is higher in the surface portion than in the center portion.
- the granules may have an aspect ratio of 0.5 to 1.0, preferably 0.75 to 1.0.
- the aspect ratio may refer to a ratio of a major axis length to a minor axis length of the granules.
- the average aspect ratio of the granules may have a value of 0.5 to 1.0, preferably 0.75 to 1.0, in which case the average aspect ratio is the average long axis compared to the average short axis length of the granule particles. It can mean the ratio of length.
- the average minor axis length may represent an average value of the lengths of the granules in the axial direction having the shortest length
- the average major axis length may represent the average value of the lengths of the granules in the axial direction having the longest length.
- the particle size of the granules may have a range of 0.1 to 1,000 ⁇ m based on the longest diameter of the particles.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the granules may have a range of 0.1 to 1,000 ⁇ m.
- the electrode active material is a negative electrode active material, for example, a carbon material such as easily graphitizable carbon and/or non-graphitizable carbon; graphite-based carbon such as natural graphite and/or artificial graphite; Li x Fe 2 O 3 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), Li x WO 2 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), Sn x Me 1-x Me' y O z (Me: Mn, Fe, Pb, Ge; Me' : Metal composite oxides such as Al, B, P, Si, elements of groups 1, 2, and 3 of the periodic table, halogens, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1;1 ⁇ y ⁇ 3;1 ⁇ z ⁇ 8); lithium metal; lithium alloy; silicon; silicon-based alloys; annotation; tin-based alloys; silicon-based oxides such as SiO, SiO/C, and SiO 2 ; SnO, SnO 2 , PbO, PbO 2 , Pb 2 O 3
- a carbon material such as easily graphitizable carbon and/
- the electrode active material is lithium manganese composite oxide (LiMn 2 O 4 , LiMnO 2 , etc.), lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ), lithium nickel oxide as a positive electrode active material.
- the electrode binder has adhesiveness, is stable in an electrochemical reaction, can maintain a granule shape by binding electrode materials such as the electrode active material and electrode conductive material, and is integrated into a layered structure by binding the granules to each other by compression and is stable It is not limited to a specific component as long as it is capable of maintaining its shape.
- Non-limiting examples of such an electrode binder include styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), butadiene rubber (BR), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), styrene butadiene styrene block polymer (SBS), styrene ethylene butadiene block polymer (SEB), styrene-( Styrene butadiene)-styrene block polymer, natural rubber (NR), isoprene rubber (IR), ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM), poly(ethylene-co-propylene-co-5-methylene-2-norbornene )(Poly(ethylene-co-propylene-co-5-methylene-2-norbornene) polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene Polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene,
- the electrode conductive material is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery.
- Non-limiting examples thereof include graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite; carbon black-based carbon compounds such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, and summer black; conductive fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers; metal powders such as carbon fluoride, aluminum, and nickel powder; conductive whiskeys such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; Conductive materials, such as a polyphenylene derivative, etc. are mentioned.
- the electrode conductive material may include one or two or more selected from among them.
- the current collector is not particularly limited as long as it does not cause chemical change in the battery and has high conductivity.
- the current collector may be, for example, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, copper, or aluminum or stainless steel surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, or the like.
- the current collector may also form fine irregularities on its surface to increase the adhesion of the active material, and various forms such as films, sheets, foils, nets, porous materials, foams, and non-woven fabrics are possible.
- the current collector may have a thickness of 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, but is not particularly limited thereto.
- the current collector may have a thickness of, for example, 10 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
- a primer layer covering all or at least a part of the surface of at least one side of the current collector may be formed.
- the primer layer may be introduced to improve binding force and electrical conductivity between the current collector and the electrode active material layer.
- the primer layer may include a second conductive material and a second binder resin.
- the contents of the electrode conductive material described above can be used.
- the content of the above-mentioned electrode binder can be used as 2nd binder resin.
- the primer layer may have the following structural characteristics.
- the primer layer includes a binder for the primer layer (hereinafter referred to as a second binder) and a conductive material for the primer layer (hereinafter referred to as a second conductive material), and the sum of the contents of the second binder and the second conductive material in the primer layer is 90 wt % or more.
- a binder for the primer layer hereinafter referred to as a second binder
- a conductive material for the primer layer hereinafter referred to as a second conductive material
- An electrode according to one embodiment of the present invention includes an electrode active material layer including granules.
- a primer layer including a second binder and a second conductive material the sum of the contents of the second binder and the second conductive material is 90 wt
- stability over time of the primer layer can be secured, and thus excellent properties such as adhesive strength and lifespan can be exhibited, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the primer layer may include a second binder and a second conductive material, and may further include a dispersant.
- the primer layer may include a second binder and a second conductive material, but may not substantially include a dispersant.
- the second binder may be used without particular limitation as long as it is a known binder used in the primer layer.
- the second binder may have a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 45 °C or less.
- the second binder is, for example, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), butadiene rubber (BR), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), styrene butadiene styrene block polymer (SBS), styrene ethylene butadiene Block polymer (SEB), styrene-(styrene butadiene)-styrene block polymer, natural rubber (NR), isoprene rubber (IR), ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM), poly(ethylene-co-propylene-co -5-methylene-2-norbornene) (Poly(ethylene-co-propylene-co-5-methylene-2-norbornene) polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluor
- the binder is styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), polymethylmethacrylate, polyethylhexylacrylate ), polybutylacrylate, or two or more of them.
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- NBR nitrile butadiene rubber
- polymethylmethacrylate polyethylhexylacrylate
- polybutylacrylate polybutylacrylate, or two or more of them.
- the second binder may be one type or a mixture of two or more types selected from the above types while having the above-described glass transition temperature value.
- the second binder is styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of -40 ° C to 45 ° C, a glass transition temperature (Tg) of -40 ° C to 45 ° C It may be nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) or a mixture thereof.
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- NBR nitrile butadiene rubber
- the second conductive material may have a specific surface area of 30 m 2 /g to 1,400 m 2 /g and have a spherical shape.
- the size of the primary particles of the conductive material having a spherical shape may be, for example, 10 nm to 100 nm, specifically 15 nm to 70 nm, but is not limited thereto.
- the second conductive material may have a tubular shape with a specific surface area of 10 m 2 /g to 400 m 2 /g.
- the conductive material having a tubular shape may have a cross-section diameter of 0.1 to 3 nm, specifically 0.3 to 1.5 nm in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, but is not limited thereto.
- the second conductive material is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery, and examples thereof include graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite; carbon black-based carbon compounds such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, and summer black; conductive fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers; metal powders such as carbon fluoride, aluminum, and nickel powder; conductive whiskeys such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; Conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used, but in detail, active carbon, graphite, carbon black, carbon nanotubes, or a mixture of two or more of these may be included for uniform mixing of the conductive material and improvement of conductivity. and, more specifically, may include activated carbon.
- graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite
- carbon black-based carbon compounds such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black,
- the primer layer includes the above-described composition, and may have a thickness of 300 nm to 1.5 ⁇ m, specifically 700 nm to 1.3 ⁇ m, but is not limited thereto.
- granules containing electrode materials are prepared.
- the preparation of the granules may be obtained by applying a method of preparing a fluidized slurry by mixing an electrode active material and an electrode binder with a solvent and spray drying the slurry.
- the production of the granules may further include an electrode conductive material as needed.
- other additives for performance improvement may be further included.
- the electrode active material and the electrode binder and optionally additional additives are dispersed or dissolved in a dispersion medium (a solvent for the electrode binder) to obtain a slurry in which the electrode active material and the electrode binder are dispersed or dissolved.
- a dispersion medium a solvent for the electrode binder
- organic solvent examples include alkyl alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, and propyl alcohol; Alkyl ketones, such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, and diglyme; amides such as diethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (hereinafter also referred to as NMP), and dimethylimidazolidinone; sulfur-based solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide and sulfolane; Although these etc.
- alkyl alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, and propyl alcohol
- Alkyl ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone
- ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, and diglyme
- amides such as diethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrroli
- Alcohols are preferable.
- an organic solvent having a boiling point lower than that of water is used in combination, the drying rate can be increased during fluid granulation.
- the dispersibility or solubility of the negative electrode binder can be changed, the viscosity or flowability of the slurry can be adjusted according to the amount or type of the dispersion medium, so that the production efficiency can be improved.
- the amount of the dispersion medium used when preparing the slurry may be an amount such that the solid concentration of the slurry is usually in the range of 1 to 50 wt%, or 5 to 50 wt%, or 10 to 30 wt%.
- the method or order of dispersing or dissolving the electrode active material and the electrode binder in the dispersion medium is not particularly limited.
- a method of adding and mixing the electrode active material and the electrode binder in the dispersion medium, dissolving or dispersing the electrode binder in the dispersion medium, The method of adding and mixing an electrode active material at the end, etc. are mentioned.
- a conductive material or an additive is included, these components may be added when the electrode active material is added.
- mixing equipment such as a ball mill, a sand mill, a bead mill, a pigment disperser, a stone mill, an ultrasonic disperser, a homogenizer, and a planetary mixer, is mentioned, for example. Mixing may be performed for 10 minutes to several hours, for example, in the range of room temperature to 80°C.
- the spray drying method is a method of spraying and drying the slurry in hot air.
- the spraying method of the apparatus used for the spray drying method includes a rotating disk method, a nozzle pressurization method, and the like.
- the rotating disk method is a method in which the slurry is introduced almost at the center of a disk rotating at high speed, the slurry is placed outside the disk by the centrifugal force of the disk, and then sprayed and dried in the form of a mist.
- the rotational speed of the disk depends on the size of the disk, but is usually 5,000 to 35,000 rpm, preferably 15,000 to 30,000 rpm.
- the pressurization method is a method in which the slurry is pressurized and sprayed in the form of a mist from a nozzle to dry it.
- the temperature of the slurry to be sprayed may be carried out at room temperature, but it is preferable to heat it to room temperature or higher in terms of forming a granule structure with a high content of electrode binder on the surface.
- the hot air temperature (based on reactor inlet temperature) during spray drying is usually 80°C to 250°C, preferably 100°C to 220°C. More preferably, it is 180 °C to 220 °C.
- the method of inhaling the hot air is not particularly limited, for example, a method in which the hot air and the spray direction flow sideways, a method in which the spray is sprayed at the top of the drying tower and descends with the hot air, and the sprayed droplets and the hot air flow counter-currently.
- a contact method a method in which sprayed droplets initially flow concurrently with hot air and then fall by gravity to make countercurrent contact, and the like.
- the outlet temperature of the reactor may be controlled to 90°C to 130°C.
- the heat treatment temperature may be usually 80°C to 300°C.
- the granules are spread on the surface of the electrode current collector and pressed to form a first unit layer of a layered structure having a predetermined thickness.
- additional unit layers are formed by additionally applying and pressurizing granules on top of the first unit layer, and repeating the coating and pressing processes until an electrode active material layer in which a predetermined number of unit layers are stacked is obtained. do.
- the pressure applied when forming each unit layer may be controlled so that each unit layer has an appropriate porosity.
- granules having different contents (and/or content ratios) of components or electrode active materials may be prepared for each unit layer, and the granules may be selected and introduced according to the characteristics of each unit layer. Formation of each unit layer may be performed in the following manner.
- a primer layer including a second conductive material and a second binder may be provided on all or part of at least one surface of the current collector.
- a unit layer may be molded by supplying a plurality of prepared granules to a roll-type pressure molding device using a supply device such as a screw feeder.
- a supply device such as a screw feeder.
- the first unit layer may be directly laminated on the current collector by sending the current collector to the roll of the pressure molding device simultaneously with the supply of the granules.
- the first unit layer may be formed by spreading the granules on the current collector, adjusting the thickness of the granules by evenly adjusting the granules with a blade, etc., and then molding them with a pressurizing device.
- each unit layer is formed by spreading granules on the surface of the lower unit layer instead of the current collector, adjusting the thickness by evenly adjusting the granules with a blade, etc., and then molding with a pressurizing device. .
- the temperature during roll pressing is usually 0 ° C to 200 ° C, preferably higher than the melting point or glass transition temperature of the cathode vine, and more preferably 20 ° C or more higher than the melting point or glass transition temperature.
- the molding speed in roll pressing molding may be usually 0.1 to 20 m/min, or 1 to 10 m/min.
- the press linear pressure between the rolls may be usually 0.2 to 30 kN/cm, or 0.5 to 10 kN/cm.
- Pressing may be additionally performed as needed in order to eliminate the variance in thickness in each molded unit layer and increase the density of the unit layer and the electrode active material layer to achieve high capacity.
- the press process with a roll is common.
- the roll press process two circumferential rolls are lined up and down in parallel at a narrow interval, each is rotated in opposite directions, and an electrode is interposed therebetween and pressed.
- the roll may be subjected to temperature control such as heating or cooling.
- Carbon black (specific surface area: 30 m 2 /g, particle size: (70 nm), 30 parts by weight, 69 parts by weight of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) (T g : -15 ° C) as a second binder, carboxymethyl as a dispersant
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- a slurry for a primer layer was prepared by mixing 1 part by weight of cellulose (CMC) with water as a dispersing medium.At this time, the content ratio of the conductive material, binder, and dispersant in the slurry was The solid content ratio of the slurry for the primer layer was 7wt%.
- the prepared slurry for the primer layer was applied to one surface of a copper current collector (thickness: 10 ⁇ m) and dried at 130° C. to form a primer layer on the entire surface of the copper current collector.
- Second and third granules were prepared, and the content ratio of natural graphite and artificial graphite in each granule is shown in [Table 1] below.
- Each granule was prepared in the following way.
- Anode active material carbon black (SuperC65), carboxymethyl cellulose (daicel2200, aqueous solution, solid content concentration 1.5wt%), modified styrene butadiene copolymer (Grade Name: AX-B119) at a weight ratio of 95.6: 1.0: 1.1: 2.3 as a dispersion medium
- the solid content in the slurry was 30wt%.
- Carboxymethylcellulose in the above weight ratio is calculated based on the solid content.
- the prepared slurry was put into a spray dryer with hot air under a pressure range of -40mmH 2 O and dried. At this time, the conditions of the spray dryer were controlled at an inlet temperature of about 180 ° C, an outlet temperature of about 90 ° C, and a rotational speed of about 18,000 rpm.
- the granules obtained above were removed from the granules with an industrial sieve of 150 ⁇ m or more, and fine particles of less than 40 ⁇ m were separated again. The separated fine powder was mixed with the granules from which only the majority of the fine powder was removed to finally prepare granules for the negative electrode containing a larger amount of fine powder than the previous granules.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of each obtained granule was about 66.5 ⁇ m, and the aspect ratio was about 0.96.
- Figure 4 shows a SEM image of the first granules obtained by the above preparation, and the bright area indicated by the arrow represents the binder resin.
- the obtained first granule was dyed with OsO 4 for a binder within each granule.
- the dye was reacted by evaporating the reagent after containing the granules in glass glassware using OsO 4 crystals or an aqueous solution. Then, it was mixed with an epoxy resin, fixed to a silicone mold, and cured to obtain a granule matrix.
- cross-sectional samples were prepared using ion milling equipment (Hitachi IM5000 acceleration voltage: 6 kV) for the granule matrix, and SEM images were obtained.
- a first granule was evenly applied to one surface of the current collector having the primer layer in an amount of 120 mg per 25 cm 2 of the current collector using a thickness control bar, and hot rolling was performed to form a first layer. Thereafter, second granules were evenly applied to the surface of the first layer in an amount of 120 mg per 25 cm 2 , and roll-to-roll hot rolling was performed to form a second layer. Then, a third layer was formed by evenly applying a third granule to the surface of the second layer in an amount of 120 mg per 25 cm 2 and roll-to-roll hot rolling. When the first, second and third layers were formed, each rolling was applied with a pressure of 0.7 ton per cm at about 60° C. and was pressed at a rate of 2 m per minute.
- slurries for forming the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer were prepared.
- Each of the above slurries was prepared by mixing an anode active material, carbon black (Super-C 65), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), and water, and the solid content in the slurry had a concentration of about 47 wt%.
- the anode active material, carbon black, SBR, and CMC were mixed in a weight ratio of about 95.6:1.0:2.3:1.1.
- the content ratio of artificial graphite and natural graphite in each layer was prepared as shown in [Table 2] below.
- the slurry for forming the first layer, the slurry for forming the second layer, and the slurry for forming the third layer were sequentially applied to the current collector prepared in Example 1 using a slot die. Thereafter, the slurries for forming the first, second, and third layers were dried using a drying device equipped with a hot air blower and an IR heater, and then rolled by a roll pressing method to prepare a negative electrode having a negative electrode active material layer.
- the loading amount of the negative electrode active material layer was 360mg/25cm 2 per unit area. In the rolling of the electrode active material layer, a pressure of 0.7 ton per cm was applied at about 60° C., and the pressure was applied at a rate of 2 m per minute.
- slurries for forming the first, second and third layers were prepared.
- the slurry for forming the first layer was applied to the current collector prepared in Example 1 using a slot die and dried to form the first layer.
- a slurry for forming a second layer was applied on top of the first layer and dried to form a second layer.
- a slurry for forming a third layer was applied on top of the second layer and dried.
- the drying was performed using a drying device equipped with a hot air blower and an IR heater.
- a negative electrode having a negative electrode active material layer was prepared by rolling using a roll pressing method.
- the loading amount of the negative active material layer was 360 mg/25 cm 2 per unit area. In the rolling of the electrode active material layer, a pressure of 0.7 ton per cm was applied at about 60° C., and the pressure was applied at a rate of 2 m per minute.
- a single-layer electrode was manufactured using the first granules prepared in Example 1.
- the first granules were evenly applied in an amount of 360 mg per 25 cm 2 of the current collector using a thickness control bar, and roll-to-roll hot rolling was performed to form an electrode active material layer.
- a pressure of 0.7 ton per cm was applied at about 60° C., and the pressure was increased at a speed of 2 m per minute.
- Electrodes were prepared using the first, second and third granules prepared in Example 1. Applying the third granules to the surface of the current collector to form the first layer, then using the second granules to form the second layer, and applying the first granules to the surface of the second layer to form the uppermost layer.
- An electrode was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- the porosity of each of the electrode active material layers of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 was measured.
- the porosity of the entire electrode active material layer was measured, and for the multi-layer electrode, the porosity of the entire electrode active material layer was measured, and the porosity of each layer was measured.
- the thickness of the entire electrode active material layer and the thickness of each unit layer were obtained from SEM images of the cross-section of the electrode active material layer.
- the porosity measurement can be calculated from the difference between the apparent density and the net density of the electrode active material layer calculated from the composition ratio of the materials included in the electrode active material layer and the density of each component. Specifically, the porosity can be calculated by [Equation 1] below.
- Batteries were manufactured using the negative electrodes obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4. After mixing LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 , PVdF and carbon black in a weight ratio of 97.0:1.5:1.5, they were dispersed in 2-methyl-2-pyrrolidone to prepare a positive electrode slurry, which was coated on an aluminum current collector, and A positive electrode was prepared by drying and rolling. A battery was manufactured by interposing a porous film made of polyethylene material between the negative electrode and the positive electrode. As an electrolyte, ethylene carbonate:ethylmethyl carbonate was mixed at a ratio of 1:2 (volume ratio), and LiPF 6 was added at a concentration of 1M.
- Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 Each battery of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 was charged at 0.33 C until the voltage reached 0.01 V (Vs. Li), and then discharged at the same current until the voltage reached 3 V. Subsequently, charging and discharging were repeated 200 times at the same current and voltage interval. The charge/discharge was performed at an ambient temperature of about 45°C.
- the capacity retention rate can be calculated by Equation 3 below.
- Capacity retention rate (%) [200 th cycle discharge capacity / 2 nd cycle discharge capacity] X 100
- Example 1 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Capacity retention rate (%) 45°C, 200 cycle 87.8% 82.2% 63.9% 75.0% 44.5%
- the battery of Example 1 was confirmed to have a very good capacity retention rate.
- the battery of Comparative Example 2 had a high porosity of the upper layer, but showed a very low capacity retention rate. This can be explained by the rapid deterioration of the upper layer due to the resistance generated at the interlayer interface, and thus the decrease in the capacity retention rate.
- Comparative Examples 3 and 4 it was confirmed that the capacity retention rate was lowered when the porosity of the electrode surface was low.
- Comparative Example 2 the electrode surface porosity is high, but the slurry is applied to the top of each dried unit layer, and the binder component of the upper slurry flows into the pores of the lower unit layer to the lower unit layer. As a result, the pores are blocked and the interface resistance property is lowered. It became. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 4, the inflow of the electrolyte into the electrode was not easy, resulting in a decrease in resistance characteristics.
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Abstract
Description
| 인조 흑연 (구형화도 0.9) |
천연 흑연 (구형화도 0.95) |
|
| 제1 그래뉼(최하층) | 50 wt% | 50 wt% |
| 제2 그래뉼 | 70 wt% | 30 wt% |
| 제3 그래뉼 (최상층) |
100 wt% | 0 wt% |
| 인조 흑연 (구형화도 0.9) |
천연 흑연 (구형화도 0.95) |
|
| 제1 층 용 슬러리(최하층) | 50 wt% | 50 wt% |
| 제2 층용 슬러리 | 70 wt% | 30 wt% |
| 제3 층용 슬러리 (최상층 |
100 wt% | 0 wt% |
| 기공도(vol%) | 비고 | ||||
| 전극 활물질층 | 제1층 | 제2층 | 제3층 | ||
| 실시예 1 (3층) |
27 | 25 | 27 | 29 | 최상층 기공도 높음 |
| 비교예 1 (3층이나 모든 층 기공도 동일) |
27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 각층별 기공도 구배 없음 |
| 비교예 2 (3층) |
27 | 25 | 27 | 29 | 최상층 기공도 높음 |
| 비교예 3 (단층) |
27 | - | - | - | 최하층 기공도 높음 |
| 비교예 4 (3층) |
27 | 29 | 27 | 25 | |
| 실시예 1 | 비교예 1 | 비교예 2 | 비교예 3 | 비교예 4 | |
| 용량 유지율(%)45℃, 200 cycle | 87.8% | 82.2% | 63.9% | 75.0% | 44.5% |
Claims (13)
- 집전체 및 상기 집전체의 적어도 일측면에 배치된 전극 활물질층을 포함하는 전기화학소자용 전극이며,상기 전극 활물질층은 전극 활물질 및 전극 바인더를 포함하는 복수의 그래뉼이 압착에 의해서 집적된 단위 전극 활물질층을 포함하고, 상기 집전체 표면으로부터 제1 단위 전극 활물질층 내지 제n 단위 전극 활물질층이 순차적으로 적층되어 있으며, 여기에서 n은 2 이상의 정수이고,상기 전극 활물질층에 포함된 단위 전극 활물질층들 중 최상부에 배치된 제n 단위 전극 활물질층의 기공도가 가장 높은 것인 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 n은 3 이상 10 이하인 것인 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 전극 활물질층 중 최상층인 제n 단위 전극 활물질층은 기공도가 40vol% 이하인 것인 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 단위 전극 활물질층은 기공도가 20vol% 이상인 것인 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제1항에 있어서상기 각 단위 전극 활물질층은 집전체 표면에서 멀어질수록 기공도가 높은 것인 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제1항에 있어서,각 단위 전극 활물질층은 복수 종류의 전극 활물질을 포함하며 각 단위 전극 활물질층에서 복수의 전극 활물질의 성분(종류)의 조합은 동일하나 각 단위 전극 활물질층에서 각 성분간의 함량비는 상이한 것인 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 각 단위 전극 활물질층에 포함되는 그래뉼들은 복수 종류의 전극 활물질을 포함하며 각 단위 전극 활물질층별 그래뉼에서 복수의 전극 활물질의 성분(종류)의 조합은 동일하나 각 단위 전극 활물질층에 있어서 그래뉼별 성분의 함량비는 상이한 것인 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 각 단위 전극 활물질층은 단위 전극 활물질층의 높이 1/2을 기준으로 상부와 하부에서 상부 100wt% 중 바인더의 함량(wt%)과 및 하부 100wt% 중 바인더의 함량(wt%)의 차이가 10wt% 이하인 것인 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 n은 3 이상이며, 최하부인 제1 단위 전극 활물질층의 기공도와 최상부인 제n 단위 전극 활물질층의 기공도의 차이가 5vol% 내지 20vol%인 것인 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 전극은 음극이며, 상기 전극 활물질은 천연 흑연, 인조 흑연 및 리튬(Li), 규소(Si), 주석(Sn), 리튬 합금, 규소 합금, 주석 합금, 규소 산화물, 주석 산화물, 함리튬 화합물, 함규소 화합물 및 함주석 화합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상을 포함하는 것인 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 그래뉼은 전극 도전재를 포함하는 것인 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 집전체는 적어도 일측면에 표면의 전부 또는 적어도 일부를 피복하는 프라이머층이 형성되어 있으며, 상기 프라이머층은 도전재 및 바인더를 포함하는 것인 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 집전체의 일측면에 전극용 분체를 도포하고 가압하여 소정 두께를 갖는 층상 구조의 제1 단위 전극 활물질층을 형성하는 단계를 포함하며, 이후 이전 단계에서 형성된 각 단위 전극 활물질층의 표면에 추가적으로 전극용 분체를 도포하고 가압하여 단위 전극 활물질층을 형성하는 단계를 n-1회 반복하여 n개의 단위 전극 활물질층이 포함된 전극을 제조하는 방법이며, 상기 전극은 1항에 따른 구조를 갖는 것이며, 상기 n은 2 이상의 정수인 것인 전기화학소자용 전극의 제조 방법.
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| JP2024544502A JP7723211B2 (ja) | 2022-01-28 | 2023-01-30 | 電極及びそれを含む電気化学素子 |
| CN202380015715.1A CN118525391A (zh) | 2022-01-28 | 2023-01-30 | 电极和包括该电极的电化学装置 |
| US18/727,956 US20250233130A1 (en) | 2022-01-28 | 2023-01-30 | Electrode and Electrochemical Device Comprising the Same |
| EP23747417.6A EP4471906A4 (en) | 2022-01-28 | 2023-01-30 | ELECTRODE AND ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE COMPRISING IT |
| JP2025128591A JP2025159007A (ja) | 2022-01-28 | 2025-07-31 | 電極及びそれを含む電気化学素子 |
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| KR10-2022-0013757 | 2022-01-28 | ||
| KR20220013757 | 2022-01-28 | ||
| KR10-2022-0031451 | 2022-03-14 | ||
| KR20220031451 | 2022-03-14 |
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| WO2023146376A1 true WO2023146376A1 (ko) | 2023-08-03 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250233130A1 (ko) |
| EP (1) | EP4471906A4 (ko) |
| JP (2) | JP7723211B2 (ko) |
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| WO (1) | WO2023146376A1 (ko) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4510227A3 (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2025-04-16 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Negative electrode for rechargeable lithium battery and rechargeable lithium battery including same |
| EP4571874A1 (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2025-06-18 | SK On Co., Ltd. | Anode for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery including the same |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR20250076229A (ko) * | 2023-11-22 | 2025-05-29 | 주식회사 씨엔피솔루션즈 | 전극제조용 바인더조성물, 상기 바인더조성물을 포함하는 건식공정용 전극물질층조성물 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 |
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2023
- 2023-01-30 US US18/727,956 patent/US20250233130A1/en active Pending
- 2023-01-30 KR KR1020230012198A patent/KR102623078B1/ko active Active
- 2023-01-30 WO PCT/KR2023/001366 patent/WO2023146376A1/ko not_active Ceased
- 2023-01-30 JP JP2024544502A patent/JP7723211B2/ja active Active
- 2023-01-30 EP EP23747417.6A patent/EP4471906A4/en active Pending
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| EP4571874A1 (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2025-06-18 | SK On Co., Ltd. | Anode for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery including the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20250233130A1 (en) | 2025-07-17 |
| JP2025504922A (ja) | 2025-02-19 |
| KR102623078B1 (ko) | 2024-01-10 |
| EP4471906A4 (en) | 2025-09-24 |
| JP7723211B2 (ja) | 2025-08-13 |
| EP4471906A1 (en) | 2024-12-04 |
| KR20230116737A (ko) | 2023-08-04 |
| JP2025159007A (ja) | 2025-10-17 |
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