WO2023151452A1 - 一种通信方法及通信装置 - Google Patents

一种通信方法及通信装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023151452A1
WO2023151452A1 PCT/CN2023/072056 CN2023072056W WO2023151452A1 WO 2023151452 A1 WO2023151452 A1 WO 2023151452A1 CN 2023072056 W CN2023072056 W CN 2023072056W WO 2023151452 A1 WO2023151452 A1 WO 2023151452A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
time domain
communication device
indication information
domain position
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/072056
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐丽
钟其文
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP23752232.1A priority Critical patent/EP4465576A4/en
Publication of WO2023151452A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023151452A1/zh
Priority to US18/799,298 priority patent/US20240406295A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/12—Arrangements for remote connection or disconnection of substations or of equipment thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/28—Timers or timing mechanisms used in protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0041—Arrangements at the transmitter end
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2801—Broadband local area networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/14—Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/14—Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
    • H04L5/16—Half-duplex systems; Simplex/duplex switching; Transmission of break signals non-automatically inverting the direction of transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/14—Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
    • H04L5/1438—Negotiation of transmission parameters prior to communication
    • H04L5/1446—Negotiation of transmission parameters prior to communication of transmission speed

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of Ethernet communication, in particular to a communication method and a communication device.
  • Ethernet is a commonly used computer local area network technology.
  • IEEE 802.3 Standard Ethernet StdE
  • IEEE 802.3 Standard Ethernet IEEE 802.3 Standard Ethernet
  • echo cancellation echo cancellation
  • isolation hybrid isolation hybrid
  • the hybrid technology is based on a coupler with isolation during the two-way communication process to isolate the sending data of a certain node from the receiving data of the node. Therefore, based on the EC technology and the hybrid technology, the mutual influence between sending data and receiving data can be reduced.
  • the present application provides a communication method and a communication device. Since the mutual influence between the sending data and the receiving data of the communication device can be reduced without adding additional devices, compared with the two-way communication process relying on EC technology and hybrid technology, this The two-way communication process provided by the communication method can reduce costs and save power consumption, so as to improve communication efficiency.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides a communication method, the method is executed by a communication device, or the method is executed by some components in the communication device (such as a processor, chip or chip system, etc.), or the method is implemented by A logical module or software implementation of all or part of the communication device's functions.
  • description is made by taking the communication method executed by a communication device as an example, where the communication device may be a router, a switch, a virtual machine, a home gateway device, or an optical line terminal (optical line terminal, OLT) equipment or terminal entities (such as cameras, sensors, servers, etc.) and other equipment.
  • the communication device determines a transmission period, and the transmission period includes a first time domain position and a second time domain position that do not overlap each other in the time domain, wherein the first time domain position is used to bear the transmission of the communication device the data, the second time domain position is used to bear the data received by the communication device; the communication device sends the first data at the first time domain position of the transmission period, and the communication device transmits the first data at the transmission period of the Second data is received at a second time domain location.
  • the communication device after the communication device determines the transmission period, the communication device sends the first data at the first time domain position of the transmission period, and the communication device transmits the first data at the second time domain position of the transmission period Receive second data.
  • the transmission cycle includes a first time domain position and a second time domain position that do not overlap with each other in the time domain, that is, the communication device performs the process of sending data and the time domain position at the time domain positions that do not overlap each other in the transmission cycle. The process of receiving data.
  • the communication device implements two-way communication based on the transmission period
  • the time domain position carrying the transmission data of the communication device and the time domain position carrying the received data of the communication device are non-overlapping time domain positions, so that The sending data of the communication device and the receiving data of the communication device are mutually isolated in time domain. Therefore, since the mutual influence between the sending data and the receiving data of the communication device can be reduced without adding new devices, compared with the two-way communication process relying on EC technology and hybrid technology, the two-way communication process provided by this method can reduce costs and Save power consumption to improve communication efficiency.
  • the communication device may perform the process of sending and receiving data in the transmission period one or more times.
  • the present application does not limit the execution strategy of the communication device for sending and receiving data in the transmission cycle, and the execution strategy includes the number of times the data is sent and received in the transmission cycle repeatedly, the duration of the data sending and receiving in the transmission cycle repeatedly executed, and the like.
  • the communication device may determine an execution strategy for sending and receiving data in the transmission cycle based on a preconfigured execution strategy; for another example, the communication device may determine an execution strategy for sending and receiving data in the transmission cycle based on a user input instruction.
  • the first data includes m codewords
  • the second data includes n codewords; both m and n are integers greater than or equal to 1.
  • the payload contained in the first data sent by the communication device in the transmission period may be m codewords obtained through encoding processing, so as to improve data processing efficiency.
  • the payload contained in the second data received by the communication device during the transmission period may be n codewords obtained through encoding processing, so as to improve data processing efficiency.
  • the payload included in the first data may also be data that does not need to be encoded, and similarly, the payload included in the second data may also be data that does not need to be encoded.
  • the first data further includes a first data header
  • the second data further includes a second data header; wherein, the time domain length corresponding to the first data header is the same as the first data header. The lengths of the time domains corresponding to the two data headers are equal.
  • the first data sent by the communication device also includes a first data header
  • the second data received by the communication device also includes a second data header
  • the time domain length corresponding to the first data header is the same as The lengths of the time domains corresponding to the second data headers are equal.
  • the data header may carry management information, overhead information, and the like.
  • the time domain length corresponding to the first data header is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the second data header.
  • the time domain length corresponding to the first data header is The time domain length and the time domain length corresponding to the second data header may also be unequal, so as to flexibly configure the time domain length for sending and receiving data by the communication device.
  • the transmission period further includes A third time domain position between the two time domain positions; wherein, the time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the first data header.
  • the transmission period also includes a third time domain position located between the first time domain position and the second time domain position, that is, through the transmission interval (gap) setting of the third time domain position, bearer
  • the further isolation between the time domain position of sending data and the time domain position of carrying received data further reduces the mutual influence between sending data and receiving data.
  • the time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the first data header, so that different communication devices can clearly determine the data header and the first data header during data transmission and reception in the transmission cycle.
  • the time domain lengths corresponding to the three time domain positions are equal to reduce implementation complexity.
  • the communication device does not transmit data at the third time domain position.
  • the time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the first data header.
  • the third time domain position The corresponding time domain length may also be unequal to the time domain length corresponding to the first data header.
  • the time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position is greater than the time domain length corresponding to the first data header, and by increasing the time domain interval between sending and receiving data, the time domain position of bearer sending data and bearer receiving Further isolation between the time domain positions of the data; for another example, the time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position is smaller than the time domain length corresponding to the first data header, by reducing the time domain interval between sending and receiving data , realizing that the time domain length of sending and receiving data can be increased when the time domain length of the transmission period is constant.
  • the transmission period further includes a fourth time domain position, where the start time of the fourth time domain position is the same as the start time of the transmission period, or, the first The end times of the four time domain positions are the same as the end time of the transmission period; the time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the first data header.
  • the communication device does not send data at the fourth time domain position.
  • the time domain starting position of the transmission cycle or the time domain end position of the transmission cycle also includes a fourth time domain position, that is, the transmission interval (gap) setting of the fourth time domain position realizes adjacent transmission
  • the isolation between the time domain positions of the period is used to reduce the mutual influence between the data sent and received by the communication device in adjacent transmission periods.
  • the time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the first data header, so that the communication device can specify the time domain corresponding to the first data header during the process of sending and receiving data in different transmission cycles.
  • the length is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position, so as to reduce implementation complexity.
  • the time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the first data header.
  • the fourth time domain position The corresponding time domain length and the time domain length corresponding to the first data header may also be unequal, so that the time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position and the time domain length corresponding to the first data header can be flexibly configuration.
  • the amount of data carried by the first data header is k times the codeword length, where k is less than or equal to 0.5, and K is greater than or equal to 0.25.
  • k may also be other values, for example, k is less than or equal to 1, k is less than or equal to 0.25, or other values, which are not limited here.
  • codeword length refers to the codeword length of each of the m codewords, or, “codeword length” refers to the codeword length of each of the n codewords.
  • the first data further includes a first data header
  • the second data further includes a second data header; wherein, the amount of data carried by the first data header is different from that of the second data header.
  • the amount of data carried by the two data headers is equal.
  • the first data sent by the communication device also includes a first data header
  • the second data received by the communication device also includes a second data header
  • the time domain length corresponding to the first data header is the same as The lengths of the time domains corresponding to the second data headers are equal.
  • the data header may carry management information, overhead information, and the like.
  • the m codewords are data obtained through scrambling, and the first data header is data obtained without scrambling;
  • the n codewords are data obtained through scrambling, and the second data header is data obtained without scrambling.
  • the communication device can scramble the payload information to be sent to obtain m codewords, so as to improve the direct current of the data sent by the communication device. balance; in addition, the communication device does not need to scramble the first data header carrying management information, overhead information, etc., so that the receiver of the transmitted data can quickly perform the m codewords based on the first data header parse.
  • the sender of the second data may scramble the payload information to be sent to obtain n codewords, so as to improve the DC balance of the data;
  • the sender of the second data may not need to scramble the second data header carrying management information, overhead information, etc., so that the communication device can quickly analyze the n codewords based on the second data header.
  • the first data header is scrambled data; similarly, in the second data, the second data header is scrambled data.
  • the communication device performs scrambling processing on all the data to be sent without different processing, so as to reduce complexity.
  • the communication device is a slave node, and determining the transmission cycle by the communication device includes: the communication device receives configuration information from the master node, and the configuration information is used to determine the value of m and /or the value of n; the communication device determines the transmission period according to the configuration information.
  • the communication method can be applied to the two-way communication process between different communication devices with a master-slave relationship.
  • the communication device can determine m based on the configuration information of the master node. and/or the value of n, and further determine the transmission period based on the value of m and/or the value of n.
  • the value of n may be preconfigured in the communication device.
  • the configuration information is used to determine the value of n
  • the value of m can be preconfigured in the communication device.
  • the configuration information further includes: a time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position, and/or, a time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position.
  • the configuration information sent by the master node to the slave node may also include the time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position and /or the fourth hour
  • the time domain length corresponding to the domain position enables the slave node to specify the time domain configuration of the transmission interval in the transmission cycle.
  • the time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position and/or the time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position may also be preconfigured in the communication device, so that the communication device does not need configuration of the master node Specify the time domain configuration of the transmission interval in the transmission cycle to save overhead.
  • the communication device is the master node, and determining the transmission period by the communication device includes: determining, by the communication device, the transmission period according to port rate information of the communication device.
  • the communication method can be applied to the two-way communication process between different communication devices with a master-slave relationship.
  • the communication device can Determine the transmission period.
  • the communication device can be based on the port rate information of other communication devices in the preset mapping relationship Determine the relevant configuration for this transmission cycle.
  • the preset mapping relationship may include the port rate information and the relevant configuration of the transmission period (for example, the value of m, the value of n, the length of the time domain corresponding to the third time domain position, the length of the time domain corresponding to the fourth time domain position,
  • the mapping relationship between at least one of the time domain lengths), and the preset mapping relationship can be realized through tables, text, charts or other methods, which are not limited here.
  • the relevant configuration in the transmission cycle can be written into the communication device in a pre-configured manner, so that The communication device does not need to determine the transmission period according to the port rate information of the communication device.
  • the communication device may also determine the relevant configuration of the transmission cycle based on user input instructions, so that the communication device does not need to determine the transmission cycle according to the port rate information of the communication device. , can also support the user's personalized configuration.
  • the communication device determines the relevant configuration of the transmission period based on preconfiguration, user input instruction, or negotiation between different communication devices.
  • the communication method can be applied to a two-way communication process between different communication devices that do not have a master-slave relationship, so as to adapt to different application scenarios.
  • m is not equal to n.
  • the number m of codewords included in the first data sent by the communication device is not equal to the number n of codewords included in the second data received by the communication device, so that the communication method supports uplink and downlink transmission rates Inconsistent (i.e., asymmetric) two-way communication scenarios. For example, when the amount of data sent by the communication device is greater than the amount of data received, m is greater than n; for another example, when the amount of data received by the communication device is greater than the amount of data sent, n greater than m.
  • m is equal to n, that is, the number m of codewords included in the first data sent by the communication device is equal to the number n of codewords included in the second data received by the communication device, so that the communication method supports up and down A two-way communication scenario where the transmission rate is consistent (that is, symmetrical).
  • the m codewords and the n codewords are all codewords obtained based on a forward error correction code (forward error correction, FEC).
  • FEC forward error correction
  • the m codewords or n codewords can also be codewords obtained by concatenated codes, cross coding or other methods, There is no limit here.
  • the sending the first data at the first time domain position of the transmission cycle by the communication device includes: the communication device at the first time domain position of the transmission cycle Acquire a first media access control (media access control, MAC) frame; the communication device sends the first data based on the MAC frame.
  • media access control media access control
  • the first data sent by the communication device at the first time domain position of the transmission cycle is generated based on the MAC frame, so that the communication method can be applied to the Ethernet, and the frame format of the MAC layer in the Ethernet is followed
  • the feature of backward compatibility with the protocol, that is, the frame format and protocol (the same or similar) of the MAC layer in different Ethernet protocols can be compatible with each other to inherit the Ethernet ecology.
  • the communication device includes a MAC layer entity, a physical medium adaptation PMA layer entity and a control module, and the communication device acquires a MAC frame at the first time domain position of the transmission cycle Including: at the starting moment of the first time domain position of the transmission cycle, the control module sends indication information to the MAC layer entity for instructing the MAC layer entity to send data, and the control module sends indication information to the PMA layer entity
  • the PMA layer entity sends data indication information; after the start time of the first time domain position of the transmission cycle and before the end time of the first time domain position of the transmission cycle, the control module receives information from the MAC layer entity MAC frames (wherein, the MAC frames here can be an integer number, such as 1 or more, or a non-integer number, such as 0.4, 2.3, 2.4, etc., which are not limited here);
  • the control module sends to the MAC layer entity indication information for instructing the MAC layer entity to stop
  • the communication device may further include a control module, which may respectively instruct the MAC layer and the PMA layer to perform transmission or stop transmission at different times corresponding to the first time domain position of the transmission cycle, so that the communication device Sending the first data based on the acquired MAC frame at the first time domain position, and making the communication device stop acquiring the MAC frame at other time domain positions other than the first time domain position, so as to avoid the problem of service flow aggregation.
  • a control module which may respectively instruct the MAC layer and the PMA layer to perform transmission or stop transmission at different times corresponding to the first time domain position of the transmission cycle, so that the communication device Sending the first data based on the acquired MAC frame at the first time domain position, and making the communication device stop acquiring the MAC frame at other time domain positions other than the first time domain position, so as to avoid the problem of service flow aggregation.
  • the communication device includes a physical media adaptation (physical media attachment, PMA) layer entity and a control module, and the communication device receives at the second time domain position of the transmission cycle
  • the second data includes: at the start moment of the second time domain position of the transmission cycle, the control module sends indication information for indicating receiving data to the PMA layer entity; in the second time domain of the transmission cycle After the start moment of the position and before the end moment of the second time domain position of the transmission period, the PMA layer entity receives the second data; at the end moment of the second time domain position of the transmission period, the control The module sends indication information for instructing to stop receiving data to the PMA layer entity.
  • PMA physical media adaptation
  • the communication device may further include a control module, and the control module may respectively instruct the PMA layer to receive or stop receiving data at different times corresponding to the second time domain position of the transmission cycle, so that the communication device The data is received at two time domain positions, and the communication device is made to stop receiving data at other time domain positions other than the second time domain position, so as to avoid the service flow aggregation problem.
  • control module is located in a physical layer device (PHYSICAL LAYER DEVICE, PHY for short) of the communication device.
  • PHYSICAL LAYER DEVICE PHY for short
  • control module may be located in the coordination sublayer (reconciliation sublayer, RS), physical coding sublayer (physical coding sublayer, PCS), PMA, physical medium attachment layer (physical medium) in the PHY dependent, PMD) or other sublayers; or, the control module may also be located in an independent newly added sublayer different from RS, PCS, PMA, PMD or other sublayers in the PHY, which is not limited here.
  • RS coordination sublayer
  • PCS physical coding sublayer
  • PMA physical medium attachment layer
  • PMD physical medium attachment layer
  • the first data header includes first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate the value of m; and/or, the second data header includes a second indication information, the second indication information is used to indicate the value of n.
  • the first data header of the first data sent by the communication device may include first indication information used to indicate the value of m, so that the receiver of the first data can analyze the m value based on the first indication information. m codewords.
  • the second data header of the second data received by the communication device may include second indication information for indicating the value of n, so that the communication device can parse the n codewords based on the second indication information.
  • the first data header includes at least one of the following:
  • third indication information where the third indication information is used to indicate an adjustment request for the expected number of codewords.
  • Fourth indication information where the fourth indication information is used to indicate acceptance or rejection of the adjustment response of the expected number of codewords.
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate the adjustment confirmation of the expected number of codewords, where the value of the number of codewords expected to be sent by the communication device is m;
  • the second data header includes at least one of the following:
  • sixth indication information where the sixth indication information is used to indicate an adjustment request for the expected number of codewords.
  • the seventh indication information is used to indicate acceptance or rejection of the adjustment response for the expected number of codewords.
  • Eighth indication information where the eighth indication information is used to indicate the adjustment confirmation of the expected number of codewords, where the value of the number of codewords expected to be sent by the second node is n.
  • the first data header of the first data sent by the communication device or the second data header of the second data received by the communication device may also be based on a length adjustment request (length adjustment request, LAR), a length adjustment response (length
  • the length adjustment mechanism of adjustment acknowledgment (LAA) and length adjustment commit (LAC) negotiates and adjusts the value of m or the value of n to achieve flexible adjustment of the data sending and receiving rate.
  • a second aspect of the present application provides a communications device, which can implement the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the apparatus includes corresponding units or modules for performing the above method.
  • the units or modules included in the device can be realized by means of software and/or hardware.
  • the device may be a communication device, or the device may be a component in the communication device (such as a processor, a chip or a chip system, etc.), or the device may also be a logic module or logic module capable of realizing all or part of the functions of the communication device. software.
  • the communication method is executed by a communication device as an example for description, where the communication device may be a router, a switch, a virtual machine, a home gateway device, an OLT device or a terminal entity (such as a camera , sensors, servers, etc.) and other equipment.
  • the communication device may be a router, a switch, a virtual machine, a home gateway device, an OLT device or a terminal entity (such as a camera , sensors, servers, etc.) and other equipment.
  • the device includes a processing unit and a transceiver unit;
  • the processing unit is configured to determine a transmission period, where the transmission period includes a first time domain position and a second time domain position that do not overlap each other in the time domain, where the first time domain position is used to carry the data, the second time domain bit configured to bear the data received by the communication device;
  • the transceiving unit is configured to send first data at the first time domain position of the transmission cycle, and the transceiving unit is also configured to receive second data at the second time domain position of the transmission cycle.
  • the first data includes m codewords
  • the second data includes n codewords; both m and n are integers greater than or equal to 1.
  • the first data also includes a first data header
  • the second data also includes a second data header
  • the time domain length corresponding to the first data header is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the second data header.
  • the transmission period also includes a third time domain position between the first time domain position and the second time domain position; wherein, the time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position is the same as the time corresponding to the first data header fields are of equal length.
  • the transmission period also includes a fourth time domain position, wherein the start time of the fourth time domain position is the same as the start time of the transmission period, or the end time of the fourth time domain position is the same as the end time of the transmission period the same time;
  • the time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the first data header.
  • the amount of data carried by the first data header is k times the length of the codeword, the k is less than or equal to 0.5, and the K is greater than or equal to 0.25.
  • the first data further includes a first data header
  • the second data further includes a second data header
  • the amount of data carried by the first data header is equal to the amount of data carried by the second data header.
  • the m codewords are data obtained through scrambling, and the first data header is data obtained without scrambling;
  • the n codewords are data obtained through scrambling, and the second data header is data obtained without scrambling.
  • the communication device is a slave node
  • the transceiver unit is also used to receive configuration information from the master node, where the configuration information is used to determine the value of m and/or the value of n;
  • the processing unit is configured to determine the transmission period according to the configuration information.
  • the configuration information further includes:
  • the time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position, and/or, the time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position is not limited.
  • the communication device is a master node
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to determine the transmission period according to the port rate information of the communication device.
  • n is not equal to n.
  • Both the m codewords and the n codewords are codewords obtained based on FEC.
  • the transceiver unit is specifically configured to:
  • the first data is sent based on the MAC frame.
  • the communication device further includes a MAC layer entity, a physical medium adaptation PMA layer entity, the transceiver unit includes a control module, and the transceiver unit in the first time domain of the transmission period
  • the location to obtain the MAC frame includes:
  • the control module sends indication information to the MAC layer entity for instructing the MAC layer entity to send data, and the control module sends indication information to the PMA layer entity for instructing the PMA layer entity Instructions for sending data;
  • the control module After the start time of the first time domain position of the transmission period and before the end time of the first time domain position of the transmission period, the control module receives the MAC frame from the MAC layer entity;
  • control module sends to the MAC layer entity indication information for instructing the MAC layer entity to stop sending data, and the control module sends to the PMA layer entity for instructing the PMA layer entity Instructions to stop sending data.
  • the communication device further includes a PMA layer entity
  • the transceiver unit includes a control module
  • receiving the second data at the second time domain position of the transmission period by the communication device includes :
  • control module sends indication information for indicating received data to the PMA layer entity;
  • the PMA layer entity receives the second data after the start time of the second time domain position of the transmission cycle and before the end time of the second time domain position of the transmission cycle;
  • control module sends indication information for instructing to stop receiving data to the PMA layer entity.
  • the transceiver unit is located in a physical layer device PHYSICAL LAYER DEVICE of the communication device.
  • the first data header includes first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate the value of m;
  • the second data header includes second indication information, and the second indication information is used to indicate the value of n.
  • the first data header includes at least one of the following:
  • third indication information where the third indication information is used to indicate an adjustment request for the expected number of codewords.
  • Fourth indication information where the fourth indication information is used to indicate acceptance or rejection of the adjustment response of the expected number of codewords.
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate the adjustment confirmation of the expected number of codewords, where the value of the number of codewords expected to be sent by the communication device is m;
  • the second data header includes at least one of the following:
  • sixth indication information where the sixth indication information is used to indicate an adjustment request for the expected number of codewords.
  • the seventh indication information is used to indicate acceptance or rejection of the adjustment response for the expected number of codewords.
  • Eighth indication information where the eighth indication information is used to indicate the adjustment confirmation of the expected number of codewords, where the value of the number of codewords expected to be sent by the second node is n.
  • the constituent modules of the communication device may also be used to execute the steps executed in each possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the first aspect please refer to the first aspect, which will not be repeated here.
  • the third aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including at least one processor, and the at least one processor is coupled to a memory;
  • the memory is used to store programs or instructions
  • the at least one processor is configured to execute the program or instruction, so that the device implements the method described in the foregoing first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which is used to store one or more computer-executable instructions.
  • the processor executes the above-mentioned first aspect or The method described in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer program product (or called a computer program).
  • the processor executes the above-mentioned first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect. method.
  • the sixth aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a system-on-a-chip, where the system-on-a-chip includes at least one processor, configured to support the first network device to implement the above-mentioned first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect. Function.
  • system-on-a-chip may further include a memory, and the memory is used for storing necessary program instructions and data of the communication device.
  • the system-on-a-chip may consist of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the chip system further includes an interface circuit, and the interface circuit provides program instructions and/or data for the at least one processor.
  • a seventh aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a communication system, where the communication system includes the communication device of the second aspect above, and/or, the communication system includes the communication device of the third aspect above.
  • the technical effects brought by any one of the design methods in the second aspect to the seventh aspect can refer to the technical effects brought by the different implementation methods in the above-mentioned first aspect, which will not be repeated here.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the network protocol layer involved in the present application
  • Fig. 2a is a schematic structural diagram of the encoding code block involved in the present application.
  • Fig. 2b is a schematic structural diagram of an encoding code block involved in the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a network structure of an in-vehicle network
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of data transmission in the vehicle network
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the application scenario of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic diagram of the application scenario of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the communication method provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is another schematic diagram of the communication method provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a port rate configuration method provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 10a is another schematic diagram of the communication method provided by the present application.
  • Figure 10b is another schematic diagram of the communication method provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the data encapsulation process involved in this application.
  • FIG. 12 is another schematic diagram of the communication method provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 13a is another schematic diagram of the communication method provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 13b is another schematic diagram of the communication method provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the field structure involved in the communication method provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is another schematic diagram of the communication method provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 17 is another schematic diagram of the communication device provided by the present application.
  • Ethernet (Ethernet) is a commonly used computer local area network technology.
  • the IEEE 802.1 and IEEE 802.3 standards set the technical standards for Ethernet.
  • FEC Forward error correction
  • FEC is an error control method, which means that the signal is encoded according to a certain algorithm before being sent to the transmission channel, and the signal with the characteristics of the signal itself is added. Redundant codes are a technology that decodes the received signal at the receiving end according to the corresponding algorithm, so as to find out the error codes generated during the transmission process and correct them.
  • the FEC coding gain is an indicator to measure the FEC error correction capability.
  • RS code is a forward error correction code, and its parameter representation is usually RS(n, k, t, m), RS(n, k , m) or RS(n, k).
  • n represents the total length of the RS code
  • k represents the length of the payload (Payload) in the RS code
  • t represents the error correction capability of the RS code
  • the three parameters of n, k, and t are all in units of symbols
  • m represents the number of bits contained in each symbol.
  • the FEC strategy implemented by using RS codes is also commonly referred to as RS-FEC.
  • common FEC codewords are FEC(544,514), FEC(360,326), FEC(936,876) and so on.
  • Ethernet is a widely used computer local area network technology.
  • related standards of 802.1 and IEEE802.3 standard Ethernet defined by IEEE are widely cited in the industry.
  • IEEE formulated the 802.3 standard, indicating the birth of Ethernet. Since its creation, Ethernet has always adopted the method of forwarding packet packets, that is, the forwarding method of destination forwarding. This method naturally supports statistical multiplexing of link bandwidth.
  • Ethernet devices have a high deployment rate because they are cheap and support plug-and-play features. Operators, equipment manufacturers, instrument manufacturers, device manufacturers, and chip manufacturers all support the development of Ethernet technology. After decades of development, Ethernet has almost the largest ecosystem and a mature industrial chain. At the same time, limited by the fairness of the half-duplex shared medium of the Ethernet physical link at that time, as well as issues such as memory capacity and hardware costs, the maximum transmission unit (MTU) of the Ethernet standard was stipulated.
  • MTU maximum transmission unit
  • the value of the MTU is 1500 bytes.
  • Ethernet rate has progressed from the initial 10M half-duplex communication to the currently used 200G, 400G, and future 800G, 1.6T and other large bandwidth rates.
  • the Ethernet architecture is basically in the Evolution is carried out without affecting the previous generation technology.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an Ethernet interface compatible with 40GBASE-R and 100GBASE-R.
  • OSI REFERENCE MODEL LAYERS in the network hierarchy of open system interconnection reference model layers (OSI REFERENCE MODEL LAYERS), it includes the application layer (APPLICATION), presentation layer (PRESENTATION) , session layer (SESSION), transport layer (TRANSPORT), network layer, (NETWORK), data link layer (DATA LINK), physical layer (PHYSICAL, PHY).
  • APPLICATION application layer
  • PRESENTATION presentation layer
  • SESSION session layer
  • TRANSPORT transport layer
  • NETWORK data link layer
  • DATA LINK data link layer
  • PHY physical layer
  • ETHERNET LAYERS in the network hierarchy of the Ethernet layer (ETHERNET LAYERS), it includes high-level (HIGHER LAYERS), logical link control layer (LLC OR OTHER MAC CLIENT), media access control (may Optional) (MAC CONTROL (OPTIONAL)), Media Access Control (MAC), Coordination Sublayer (RECONCILIATION, denoted as RS), 40G Media Independent Interface (XLGMII), 100G Media Independent Interface (CGMII), Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS ), forward error correction code layer (FEC), physical medium adaptation (PMA), physical medium attachment layer (PMD), auto-negotiation (AN), medium-dependent interface (MDI), medium (MEDIUM).
  • 40G media-independent interface (or 100G media-independent interface), physical coding sublayer, forward error correction code layer, physical medium adaptation, physical medium attachment layer, and auto-negotiation can be called physical layer devices (PHYSICAL LAYER DEVICE, referred to as PHY).
  • PHY physical layer devices
  • the logical link control layer, media access control control layer (optional) and media access control layer in the Ethernet layer correspond to the data link layer in the OSI communication reference model layer.
  • coordination sublayer in Ethernet layer 40G media independent interface, 100G media independent interface, physical coding sublayer, forward error correction code layer, physical medium adaptation, physical medium attachment layer, auto-negotiation, media dependent interface Corresponds to the physical layer in the Open Systems Interconnection Communication Reference Model layer.
  • the design of the Ethernet interface considers that the Ethernet PHY carries a MAC data stream.
  • the MAC data flow is transmitted through the interface, which involves MAC, RS, PCS, FEC, and PMA from top to bottom.
  • the processing of the PMD is finally embodied as a signal sent to the AN.
  • the receiving direction involves its inverse process. The signal is received from the AN, and processed by PMD, PMA, FEC, and PCS in sequence to recover the MAC data flow.
  • the physical layer in the Ethernet layer can be changed, and the frame format and protocol of the MAC layer are backward compatible, that is, in the new version of the Ethernet protocol, the frame format and protocol of the MAC layer are compatible with the previous version (same or similar) compatible.
  • FEC forward error correction code layer
  • N the coded output
  • a 2-bit synchronization header is added on the basis of 64-bit input according to whether it is control information or service data information.
  • 0b10 represents a control code block
  • 0b01 represents a data code block.
  • Other types of sync headers indicate invalid code blocks.
  • Fig. 2a exemplarily shows a schematic structural diagram of a code block in the 64B/66B encoding format defined in the standard.
  • the sync header area of the code block includes the 0th bit and the 1st bit of the code block, and there are two cases of the sync header area of the code block, which are 01 and 10 respectively.
  • a code block with a synchronization header of 01 is called a data code block, and a data code block can be written as a D code block; a code block with a synchronization header of 10 is called a control code block.
  • the field D0 of the control code block occupies 8 bits, which can be called the type field of the control code block (the type field can be written as type field).
  • control code block can include: header code block, tail code block, Ordered set code block (also can be written as O code block), idle code block (idle code block can also be written as IDLE code block), error code block (The error code block can also be written as an error code block), a low power consumption code block, etc.
  • the header code block is a code block whose sync header is 10 and 0x78 in Figure 2a
  • the tail code block can include a sync header of 10 in Figure 2a, and a type field of 0x87, 0x99, 0xAA, 0xB4, 0xCC, 0xD2, 0xE1 and the code blocks of 0xFF
  • the O code block is the code block whose sync header is 10 type and 0x4B in Fig. 2a.
  • the 64/65 bit block is a coded block formed by compressing a 2-bit sync header into 1 bit on the basis of a 64B/66B coded block.
  • the figure below shows two compressed 65bit idle code block formats. This article has no restrictions on which compression format to choose. Or, directly encode 64b and add a 1-bit sync header to form it.
  • the in-vehicle network (in-vehicle network) has been fully mechanized from the very beginning, and has gradually evolved towards the in-vehicle ring network through the bus network, direct connection network, and sub-area network domain architecture.
  • the vehicle ring network is the backbone network in the vehicle, connecting multiple gateway communication devices.
  • the backbone network of the vehicle ring network (such as the cockpit domain controller (cockpit domain controller, CDC), mobile data center (mobile data center, MDC), vehicle domain controller (vehicle domain controller, VDC) and gateway equipment (gateway) in Figure 3 , GW) and other devices) are mainly Ethernet, such as 5 gigabit seconds (Gbps), 10Gbps, etc., which may evolve into a larger bandwidth in the future.
  • the access network of the ring network is mainly a network connected between devices such as cameras, sensors, and radars shown in FIG. 3 and devices in the backbone network (connections are not shown in the figure).
  • the bandwidth of the access link of the vehicle ring network is also gradually increasing, from the initial K-level, to the M-level rate, and the G-level rate.
  • vehicle access technologies such as the oldest series of technologies based on Low Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDS) and Serialize-Deserialize (SerDes). These technologies are not Ethernet technologies, and cannot be compatible with the current ring network Ethernet technology.
  • LVDS Low Voltage Differential Signaling
  • SerDes Serialize-Deserialize
  • the hybrid technology is based on a coupler with isolation during the two-way communication process to isolate the sending data of a certain node from the receiving data of the node. Therefore, based on the EC technology and the hybrid technology, the mutual influence between sending data and receiving data can be reduced.
  • the signal sent by the camera (that is, the Camera Sensor in Figure 4) to the electronic control unit (ECU) is a video frame signal, which is a large-bandwidth transmission; reverse, processing
  • the signal sent by the unit to the camera is a small-flow control signal, which is transmitted in a small bandwidth, and the service presents asymmetric characteristics.
  • the communication between the ECU and the display also has similar asymmetric characteristics, that is, the processor sends a large-bandwidth video frame signal to the display, and when the human controls the display, it will cause the display to send some interactive signals.
  • Small bandwidth control signal to ECU. From the example shown in Figure 4, it can be seen that the uplink and downlink traffic of the vehicle camera sensor service is asymmetrical, and the signal transmitted with large bandwidth can easily have a relatively large impact on the signal transmitted with small bandwidth, while the current Ethernet does not have a corresponding technology to solve the above problems.
  • the present application provides a communication method and a communication device, which can reduce the mutual influence between the sending data and the receiving data of the communication device without adding new devices, compared to relying on EC technology and hybrid technology
  • a two-way communication process, the two-way communication process provided by the communication method can reduce costs and save power consumption, so as to improve communication efficiency.
  • a communication device applying the communication method includes a node A and a node B as an example.
  • Node A and node B have Ethernet interfaces and send and receive data through their respective Ethernet interfaces, so as to implement the communication method involved in this application.
  • nodes A and B may be routers, switches, virtual machines, home gateway devices, OLT devices or terminal entities (such as cameras, sensors, personal computers, servers, etc.) integrated with Ethernet interfaces.
  • the communication device for applying the communication method includes a terminal device (such as a provider edge (PE) device in the figure) and a network device (such as a provider edge device in the figure). (provider, P) device) as an example.
  • PE and P may be a router or a switch including a network card (such as a PHY chip) and supporting a packet forwarding function.
  • the scenarios shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are only exemplary descriptions.
  • the communication method provided by the present application can be applied to the communication process between any devices that support Ethernet communication.
  • the communication method of the present application The application scenarios are not limited.
  • the communication method provided by this application is executed by a communication device, or the communication method provided by this application is executed by some components in the communication device (such as a processor, chip or chip system, etc.), or the communication method provided by this application is executed by A logic module or software implementation that can realize all or part of the functions of a communication device.
  • the communication device may be a router, a switch, a virtual machine, a home gateway device, an optical line terminal (optical line terminal, OLT) device or a terminal entity (such as a camera, a sensor, servers, etc.) and other equipment.
  • the communication device may be a router, a switch, a virtual machine, a home gateway device, an optical line terminal (optical line terminal, OLT) device or a terminal entity (such as a camera, a sensor, servers, etc.) and other equipment.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by the present application, and the method includes the following steps.
  • the communication device determines the transmission period in step S701, and the transmission period includes a first time domain position and a second time domain position that do not overlap each other in the time domain, wherein the first time domain position is used to bear For the data sent by the communication device, the second time domain location is used to bear the data received by the communication device.
  • the communication method provided by the present application is applied to point-to-point communication
  • the first time domain position is specifically used to carry the data sent by the communication device to another communication device
  • the second time domain position is specifically used to carry the data sent by the communication device to another communication device.
  • data received by the other communication device For a communication device, it often has one or more communication ports, and different communication ports can respectively establish communication links.
  • the sending and receiving data of a communication device mentioned later in this application specifically refers to communication with another communication device. Send and receive data on the communication link.
  • the communication device sending data mentioned below means that the communication device sends data to the other communication device; as another example, the communication device receiving data mentioned later means that the communication device receives data of a communication device; as another example, the communication device mentioned later does not send data, which means that the communication device does not send data to the other communication device; as another example, the communication device mentioned later does not receive data, It means that the communication device does not receive data from the other communication device.
  • step S702 after the communication device determines the transmission period in step S701, in step S702, the communication device sends the first data at the first time domain position of the transmission period, and the communication device transmits the first data at the first time domain position of the transmission period The second data is received at two time domain positions.
  • the first data includes m codewords, and the m codewords include m codewords; the second data includes n codewords, and the n codewords include n codewords ; Both m and n are integers greater than or equal to 1.
  • the payload contained in the first data sent by the communication device in the transmission period may be m codewords obtained through encoding processing, so as to improve data processing efficiency.
  • the payload contained in the second data received by the communication device during the transmission period may be n codewords obtained through encoding processing, so as to improve data processing efficiency.
  • the payload included in the first data may also be data that does not need to be encoded, and similarly, the payload included in the second data may also be data that does not need to be encoded.
  • m is not equal to n.
  • the number m of codewords included in the first data sent by the communication device is not equal to the number n of codewords included in the second data received by the communication device, so that the communication method supports inconsistent uplink and downlink transmission rates (That is, asymmetric) two-way communication scenarios. For example, when the amount of data sent by the communication device is greater than the amount of data received, m is greater than n; for another example, when the amount of data received by the communication device is greater than the amount of data sent, n greater than m.
  • m is equal to n, that is, the number m of codewords included in the first data sent by the communication device is equal to the number n of codewords included in the second data received by the communication device, so that the communication method supports up and down A two-way communication scenario where the transmission rate is consistent (that is, symmetrical).
  • both the m codewords and the n codewords are codewords obtained based on forward error correction codes (forward error correction, FEC).
  • FEC forward error correction
  • the m codewords or n codewords may also be codewords obtained by concatenated codes, cross coding or other methods, which are not limited here.
  • the m codewords and the n codewords are codewords obtained based on FEC as an example in the following description.
  • the first data further includes a first data header
  • the second data further includes a second data header
  • the time domain length corresponding to the first data header corresponds to the second data header
  • the time domain lengths are equal.
  • the first data sent by the communication device in step S702 also includes a first data header
  • the second data received by the communication device in step S702 also includes a second data header
  • the first data header corresponds to The length of the time domain is equal to the length of the time domain corresponding to the second data header.
  • the data header may carry management information, overhead information, and the like.
  • the time domain length corresponding to the first data header is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the second data header.
  • the time domain length corresponding to the first data header is The time domain length and the time domain length corresponding to the second data header may also be unequal, so as to flexibly configure the time domain length for sending and receiving data by the communication device.
  • the first data further includes a first data header
  • the second data further includes a second data header; wherein, the amount of data carried by the first data header is different from that carried by the second data header.
  • the amount of data carried is equal.
  • the first data sent by the communication device in step S702 also includes a first data header
  • the second data received by the communication device in step S702 also includes a second data header
  • the first data header corresponds to The length of the time domain is equal to the length of the time domain corresponding to the second data header.
  • the data header may carry management information, overhead information, and the like.
  • the amount of data carried by the first data header is k times the codeword length, the k is less than or equal to 0.5, and the K is greater than or equal to 0.25.
  • k may also be other values, for example, k is less than or equal to 1, k is less than or equal to 0.25, or other values, which are not limited here.
  • codeword length refers to the codeword length of each of the m codewords, or, “codeword length” refers to the codeword length of each of the n codewords.
  • the transmission period determined by the communication device in step S701 further includes a third time domain position located between the first time domain position and the second time domain position; wherein, the third time domain position The length of the time domain corresponding to the position is equal to the length of the time domain corresponding to the first data header.
  • the transmission period also includes a third time domain position located between the first time domain position and the second time domain position, that is, through the transmission interval (gap) setting of the third time domain position, it is realized to carry and send data Further isolation between the time domain position of the bearing and the time domain position of the received data, further reducing the distance between the transmitted data and the received data in step S702 mutual influence.
  • the time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the first data header, so that different communication devices can clearly determine the data header and the first data header during data transmission and reception in the transmission cycle.
  • the time domain lengths corresponding to the three time domain positions are equal to reduce implementation complexity.
  • the communication device does not send data at the third time domain position.
  • the time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the first data header.
  • the third time domain The length of the time domain corresponding to the position may also be unequal to the length of the time domain corresponding to the first data header.
  • the time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position is greater than the time domain length corresponding to the first data header, and by increasing the time domain interval between sending and receiving data, the time domain position of bearer sending data and bearer receiving Further isolation between the time domain positions of the data; for another example, the time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position is smaller than the time domain length corresponding to the first data header, by reducing the time domain interval between sending and receiving data , realizing that the time domain length of sending and receiving data can be increased when the time domain length of the transmission period is constant.
  • the transmission period determined by the communication device in step S701 further includes a fourth time domain position, where the start time of the fourth time domain position is the same as the start time of the transmission period, or, The end time of the fourth time domain position is the same as the end time of the transmission period; the time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the first data header.
  • the communication device does not send data at the fourth time domain position.
  • a fourth time domain position is also included in the time domain start position of the transmission period or the time domain end position of the transmission period, that is, through the transmission interval (gap) setting of the fourth time domain position, the gap between adjacent transmission periods is realized. Isolation between time domain locations to reduce the mutual influence between the data sent and received by the communication device in adjacent transmission periods.
  • the time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the first data header, so that the communication device can specify the time domain corresponding to the first data header during the process of sending and receiving data in different transmission cycles.
  • the length is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position, so as to reduce implementation complexity.
  • the time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the first data header.
  • the fourth time domain The time domain length corresponding to the position and the time domain length corresponding to the first data header may also be unequal, so as to compare the time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position with the time domain length corresponding to the first data header.
  • the communication device may determine the transmission period through multiple different implementation manners, which will be introduced respectively below.
  • the process of the communication device determining the transmission period in step S701 includes: the communication device receives configuration information from the master node, and the configuration information is used to determine the value of m and /or the value of n; the communication device determines the transmission period according to the configuration information.
  • the communication method provided by this application can be applied to the two-way communication process between different communication devices with a master-slave relationship.
  • the communication device can determine based on the configuration information of the master node The value of m and/or the value of n, and further determine the transmission period based on the value of m and/or the value of n.
  • the value of n may be preconfigured in the communication device.
  • the configuration information is used to determine the value of n
  • the value of m can be preconfigured in the communication device.
  • the configuration information further includes: a time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position, and/or, a time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position.
  • the configuration information sent by the master node to the slave node may also include the time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position and/or The time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position enables the slave node to specify the time domain configuration of the transmission interval in the transmission cycle.
  • the time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position and/or the time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position may also be preconfigured in the communication device, so that the communication device does not need configuration of the master node Specify the time domain configuration of the transmission interval in the transmission cycle to save overhead.
  • the implementation manner shown in FIG. 7 may be further implemented through the implementation manner shown in FIG. 8 , and the communication method shown in FIG. 8 includes the following steps.
  • Step S801. The master node determines the transmission period according to the port rate information.
  • Step S802. The master node sends configuration information to the slave node, and correspondingly, the slave node receives the configuration information in step S802.
  • Step S803. The slave node determines the transmission period according to the configuration information.
  • Step S804. The master node and the slave node send and receive data in the transmission period.
  • the communication device is used as the slave node in FIG. 8, and the realization process of step S701 can be realized through the superposition of step S802 and step S803 shown in FIG. 8; the realization process of step S702 can be realized through step S804 shown in FIG. .
  • Implementation Mode 2 when the communication device is the master node, the process for the communication device to determine the transmission period in step S701 includes: the communication device determines the transmission period according to port rate information of the communication device.
  • the communication method provided by this application can be applied to the two-way communication process between different communication devices with a master-slave relationship.
  • the communication device can information determines the transmission period.
  • the communication device can be based on the port rate information of other communication devices in the preset mapping relationship Determine the relevant configuration for this transmission cycle.
  • the preset mapping relationship may include the port rate information and the relevant configuration of the transmission period (for example, the value of m, the value of n, the length of the time domain corresponding to the third time domain position, the length of the time domain corresponding to the fourth time domain position,
  • the mapping relationship between at least one of the time domain lengths), and the preset mapping relationship can be realized through tables, text, charts or other methods, which are not limited here.
  • the encapsulation lengths of the first data sent by the communication device and the second data received by the communication device in step S702 are different according to the rate of the MAC layer.
  • the preset mapping relationship may include the mapping relationship between port rate information and the relevant configuration of the transmission cycle (the value of m and the value of n) as an example for illustration.
  • the value of m and the value of n in Fig. 9 are an example of implementation, and in practical applications, appropriate modifications can also be made, for example, the sum of "m+n" in the second column of the control Under the premise of not changing, increase the "value of n" and decrease the value of "m”.
  • the relevant configuration in the transmission cycle can be written in a pre-configured manner In the communication device, the communication device does not need to determine the transmission period according to the port rate information of the communication device.
  • the communication device when the communication device is the master node, the communication device may also determine the relevant configuration of the transmission cycle based on user input instructions, so that the communication device does not need to use the port rate information of the communication device While the transmission period is determined, the user's personalized configuration can also be supported.
  • the communication device acts as the master node in FIG. 8 , and the implementation process of step S701 can be implemented through step S801 shown in FIG. 8 ; the implementation process of step S702 can be implemented through step S804 shown in FIG. 8 .
  • this application does not limit the implementation of the process of determining the master-slave relationship between different nodes, for example, it may be the master-slave relationship set by the factory, the master-slave relationship set by the user input instruction, or other The implementation method is not limited here.
  • the medium of communication between the master node and the slave node involved in the present application may be shielded twisted-pair (shielded twisted-pair, STP), coaxial cable (coaxial cable, referred to as coax) or other implementations , is not limited here.
  • FIG. 10b it is an overall overview diagram of sending data and receiving data in a transmission cycle.
  • the first data header and the second data header can be recorded as a burst header (burst header, BH), for
  • the gapped third time domain position and the fourth time domain position may be recorded as a burst gap (burst gap, BG).
  • the link is respectively the transmission of the uplink and downlink services and the interspersed BG.
  • the transmission of uplink or downlink services only occupies a part of the transmission period, that is, At the same time, only one direction of data is being sent (that is, the time domain position outside the BG) or there is no data transmission in both directions (that is, the time domain position where the BG is located).
  • the communication device determines the relevant configuration of the transmission cycle based on a preconfiguration method, a user input instruction method, or a negotiation method between different communication devices.
  • the communication method can be applied to a two-way communication process between different communication devices that do not have a master-slave relationship, so as to adapt to different application scenarios.
  • the m codewords are data obtained through scrambling, and the first data header is data obtained without scrambling;
  • the n codewords are scrambled data, and the second data header is unscrambled data.
  • the communication device may scramble the payload information to be sent to obtain m codewords, so as to improve the direct current of the data sent by the communication device. balance; in addition, the communication device does not need to scramble the first data header carrying management information, overhead information, etc., so that the receiver of the transmitted data can quickly perform the m codewords based on the first data header parse.
  • the sender of the second data can scramble the payload information to be sent to obtain n codewords, so as to improve the DC balance of the data
  • the sender of the second data does not need to scramble the second data header carrying management information, overhead information, etc., so that the communication device can quickly perform the n codewords based on the second data header parse.
  • the first data header is scrambled data; similarly, in the second data, the second data header is scrambled data.
  • the communication device performs scrambling processing on all the data to be sent without different processing, so as to reduce complexity.
  • scrambling processing is performed, and BH is added before sending after the scrambling processing, that is, BH does not participate in scrambling.
  • step S702 the process of the communication device sending the first data at the first time domain position of the transmission period specifically includes: the communication device transmits the first data at the first time domain position of the transmission period A first media access control (media access control, MAC) frame is acquired at a time domain position; the communication device sends the first data based on the MAC frame.
  • media access control media access control
  • the first data sent by the communication device at the first time domain position of the transmission cycle is generated based on the MAC frame, so that the communication method can be applied to Ethernet, and the frame format and protocol of the MAC layer in Ethernet are followed
  • the feature of backward compatibility that is, the frame format and protocol (same or similar) of the MAC layer in different Ethernet protocols can be compatible with each other, so as to inherit the Ethernet ecology.
  • the communication device includes a MAC layer entity, a PMA layer entity and a control module
  • the process for the communication device to obtain the MAC frame at the first time domain position of the transmission cycle includes: at the first time domain position of the transmission cycle start of position
  • the control module sends indication information for instructing the MAC layer entity to send data to the MAC layer entity, and the control module sends indication information for instructing the PMA layer entity to send data to the PMA layer entity;
  • the control module receives MAC frames from the MAC layer entity (wherein, the MAC frames here may be an integer number, such as 1 or more, may also be a non-integer number, such as 0.4, 2.3, 2.4, etc., not limited here); at the termination moment of the first time domain position of the transmission cycle, the control module sends the MAC
  • the layer entity sends indication information for instructing the MAC layer entity to stop sending data, and the control module
  • the communication device may further include a control module, which may instruct the MAC layer and the PMA layer to perform sending or stop sending at different times corresponding to the first time domain position of the transmission cycle, so that the communication device Sending the first data based on the acquired MAC frame at a time domain position, and making the communication device stop acquiring MAC frames at other time domain positions other than the first time domain position, so as to avoid the problem of service flow aggregation.
  • a control module which may instruct the MAC layer and the PMA layer to perform sending or stop sending at different times corresponding to the first time domain position of the transmission cycle, so that the communication device Sending the first data based on the acquired MAC frame at a time domain position, and making the communication device stop acquiring MAC frames at other time domain positions other than the first time domain position, so as to avoid the problem of service flow aggregation.
  • the communication device includes a PMA layer entity and a control module
  • the communication device receiving the second data at the second time domain position of the transmission period includes: at the second time domain position of the transmission period At the start moment of the time domain position, the control module sends indication information to the PMA layer entity to indicate the received data; after the start moment of the second time domain position of the transmission cycle and at the first time of the transmission cycle Before the end moment of the second time domain position, the PMA layer entity receives the second data; at the end moment of the second time domain position of the transmission cycle, the control module sends the PMA layer entity an instruction to stop receiving data Instructions.
  • the communication device may further include a control module, and the control module may respectively instruct the PMA layer to receive or stop receiving data at different times corresponding to the second time domain position of the transmission cycle, so that the communication device at the second time receiving data at the second time domain position, and making the communication device stop receiving data at other time domain positions other than the second time domain position, so as to avoid the problem of service flow aggregation.
  • the control module may respectively instruct the PMA layer to receive or stop receiving data at different times corresponding to the second time domain position of the transmission cycle, so that the communication device at the second time receiving data at the second time domain position, and making the communication device stop receiving data at other time domain positions other than the second time domain position, so as to avoid the problem of service flow aggregation.
  • control module is located in a physical (physical, PHY) layer entity of the communication device.
  • control module may be located in a coordination sublayer (reconciliation sublayer, RS) in the PHY, a physical coding sublayer (physical coding sublayer, PCS), a PMA, a physical medium dependent layer (physical medium dependent, PMD), FEC layer (or called RS-FEC layer) or other sublayers; or, the control module can also be located in an independent new sublayer different from RS in the PHY, PCS, PMA, PMD or other sublayers. There is no limit. In the following, the control module is located in an independent new sublayer different from RS, PCS, PMA, PMD or other sublayers in the PHY, and will be described in conjunction with the example shown in FIG. 12 .
  • RS coordination sublayer
  • PCS physical coding sublayer
  • PMA physical medium dependent layer
  • FEC layer or called RS-FEC layer
  • the left side of Figure 12 is the level of the standard Ethernet (refer to the description of the aforementioned Figure 1), the application adds a layer of control modules for realizing the control function at the Ethernet physical layer, and the control function is closely related to FEC relevant.
  • the previous description of "taking the first data and the second data both as bursts (burst) as an example” is still used here, and the asymmetry of the uplink and downlink service bandwidth is controlled by encapsulating the difference in the length of the burst, as shown on the right side of the figure.
  • the two arrows represent data transmission in two directions respectively, and only one burst (that is, the first data or the second data) is sent in each direction at a time, and there is a BG between the uplink and downlink bursts.
  • the encapsulation of burst consists of BH and several FEC codewords, where the number of FEC codewords is an integer. Specifically, there are m FEC codewords in the uplink direction Burst, and there are n FEC codewords in the downlink direction burst, m and n are both positive integers and have a size relationship, and m>n, or m ⁇ n (general downlink business The bandwidth is greater than the bandwidth of the uplink service).
  • the lengths of BH and BG are equal, and are half the length of the FEC codeword, or k times the length of the FEC codeword (the value of k is as described above, and will not be repeated here).
  • the uplink and downlink bursts are combined into one transmission cycle, and services are sent cyclically according to the transmission cycle.
  • the communication device may execute the process of sending and receiving data in the transmission period one or more times (ie step S702).
  • the present application does not limit the execution strategy of the communication device for sending and receiving data in the transmission cycle, and the execution strategy includes the number of times the data is sent and received in the transmission cycle repeatedly, the duration of the data sending and receiving in the transmission cycle repeatedly executed, and the like.
  • the communication device may determine an execution strategy for sending and receiving data in the transmission cycle based on a preconfigured execution strategy; for another example, the communication device may determine an execution strategy for sending and receiving data in the transmission cycle based on a user input instruction.
  • the communication device may include the following implementation process in the process of sending the first data in step S702:
  • A3 Upward (that is, to the upper protocol layer): send a control signal, drive the MII to generate an inhibition signal, and inhibit the MAC from suspending transmission;
  • Downward that is, to the lower protocol layer: send a control primitive to prompt the PMA to enter the stop state.
  • the communication device may include the following implementation process in the process of sending the first data in step S702:
  • the control module controls the collaboration of the MAC and PMA layers in the preset cycle, mainly by sending control signals to trigger enabling and disabling of corresponding primitives.
  • the control module sends a signal to prompt the PLS_CARRIER.indication primitive to take a value of on to enable the MAC to stop sending data;
  • the way to trigger this primitive is to set the value to off to enable it, and let the MAC resume sending data.
  • a control signal will be sent to prompt the PMA_LINK.request primitive to take a value of disable to allow the PHY to enter the outage period to save power consumption. Enter the sending state.
  • control module is mainly used to control the receiving and sending of data according to the preset burst length, and the control module cooperates with the MAC layer and the PMA layer to avoid the problem of service flow aggregation (example, service Flow aggregation means that during the outage period of the node, the upper-layer business is still sending data down, which will cause the business flow to The sending end gathers; specifically, the physical layer stops sending, but the business layer MAC is still sending data to the physical layer, and at this time it is easy to cause data to accumulate in the physical layer).
  • service flow aggregation means that during the outage period of the node, the upper-layer business is still sending data down, which will cause the business flow to The sending end gathers; specifically, the physical layer stops sending, but the business layer MAC is still sending data to the physical layer, and at this time it is easy to cause data to accumulate in the physical layer).
  • the first data header sent by the communication device in step S702 includes first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate the value of m; and/or, the communication device sends in step S702
  • the received second data header includes second indication information, where the second indication information is used to indicate the value of n.
  • the first data header of the first data sent by the communication device in step S702 may include first indication information for indicating the value of m, so that the receiver of the first data can analyze The m codewords.
  • the second data header of the second data received by the communication device in step S702 may include second indication information for indicating the value of n, so that the communication device can analyze the n values based on the second indication information. Codeword.
  • the first data header includes at least one of the following:
  • third indication information where the third indication information is used to indicate an adjustment request for the expected number of codewords.
  • Fourth indication information where the fourth indication information is used to indicate acceptance or rejection of the adjustment response of the expected number of codewords.
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate the adjustment confirmation of the expected number of codewords, where the value of the number of codewords expected to be sent by the communication device is m;
  • the second data header includes at least one of the following:
  • sixth indication information where the sixth indication information is used to indicate an adjustment request for the expected number of codewords.
  • the seventh indication information is used to indicate acceptance or rejection of the adjustment response for the expected number of codewords.
  • Eighth indication information where the eighth indication information is used to indicate the adjustment confirmation of the expected number of codewords, where the value of the number of codewords expected to be sent by the second node is n.
  • the first data header of the first data sent by the communication device or the second data header of the second data received by the communication device may also be based on a length adjustment request (length adjustment request, LAR), a length adjustment response (length
  • the length adjustment mechanism of adjustment acknowledgment (LAA) and length adjustment commit (LAC) negotiates and adjusts the value of m or the value of n to achieve flexible adjustment of the data sending and receiving rate.
  • the first field specifically indicates the number of FEC codewords in a burst, that is, the length (Number of FEC codewords inside a Burst, Length)
  • the second field indicates a length adjustment request (length adjustment request, LAR)
  • the third field indicates the length adjustment acknowledgment (LAA)
  • the fourth field indicates the length adjustment acknowledgment (length adjustment commit, LAC)
  • the fifth field indicates the expected length (expected length), that is, the expected number of codewords.
  • the value of "length" h in the first field is the same as the value of "expected length” h in the fifth field, and in During the adjustment process, the values of the two may be different. In other words, when the value of LAR is adjusted, the value of expected lengthh may be different from the value of length.
  • the foregoing first indication information may be implemented through the first field shown in FIG. 14 . Therefore, after the receiver receives the BH, it will use the received FEC code word number indication value to compare with the actual received FEC number. If they are consistent, there will be no error and normal processing will be performed. If there is an error, the number of errors will be counted. When a certain number of times is reached, a link quality alarm will be issued.
  • the foregoing third indication information may be jointly indicated through the second field and the fifth field shown in FIG. 14 . Therefore, after receiving the BH, if the receiver determines that the value of the second field indicates that there is a length adjustment request, it needs to read the fifth field and based on the "expected number of codewords" indicated by the fifth field, It is clear that the sender has an adjustment request for the number of codewords, and an LAA reply can be made based on the adjustment request to indicate whether to respond (or accept) the request.
  • the foregoing fourth indication information may be jointly indicated through the third field and the fifth field shown in FIG. 14 . Therefore, after receiving the BH, the receiver determines whether the sender responds (or accepts) the length adjustment request according to the value of the third field when determining that the value of the third field indicates that there is a length adjustment response.
  • the foregoing fifth indication information may be jointly indicated through the fourth field and the fifth field shown in FIG. 14 . Therefore, after receiving the BH, the receiver determines whether the sender confirms the length adjustment request according to the value of the fourth field when determining that the value of the fourth field indicates that there is a length adjustment confirmation.
  • the present application does not limit the value of the number of bytes (or bits) of different fields and the order between different fields.
  • the values of the different fields in the implementation shown in FIG. 14 The value of the number of bytes (or number of bits) and the order of different fields are just an example of implementation. Wherein, the value of the number of bytes (or the number of bits) of the different fields in the implementation shown in Figure 14 can also be other values, and the order between the different fields in the implementation shown in Figure 14 can also be other The order of the fields is not limited here.
  • different fields in the frame format shown in FIG. 14 can be implemented independently.
  • the slave node is a camera (Camera), and the slave node initiates the adjustment of the number of FEC codewords is exemplified.
  • Camera initiates a LAR request, requests bandwidth adjustment, and puts the expected bandwidth value into the Expected length field;
  • ECU receives the request, and judges whether to accept the adjustment according to the received Expected length value, and if accepted, replies to LAA ;
  • the Camera After the Camera receives the LAA from the ECU, it will send a LAC to indicate receipt of the LAA and agree to send Burst FEC according to the new Expected length value in the next cycle.
  • the communication device determines the transmission period in step S701, in step S702, the communication device sends the first data at the first time domain position of the transmission period, and the communication device transmits the first data at the first time domain position of the transmission period.
  • Second data is received at the second time domain location.
  • the transmission cycle includes a first time domain position and a second time domain position that do not overlap with each other in the time domain, that is, the communication device performs the process of sending data and the time domain position at the time domain positions that do not overlap each other in the transmission cycle. The process of receiving data.
  • the communication device implements two-way communication based on the transmission period
  • the non-overlapping time domain positions make the data sent by the communication device and the data received by the communication device isolated from each other in time domain. Therefore, since the mutual influence between the sending data and the receiving data of the communication device can be reduced without adding new devices, compared with the two-way communication process relying on EC technology and hybrid technology, the two-way communication process provided by this method can reduce costs and Save power consumption to improve communication efficiency.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device
  • the communication device 1600 can implement the functions of the communication device in the above method embodiment, and therefore can also realize the beneficial effects of the above method embodiment.
  • the communication device 1600 includes a processing unit 1601 and a transceiver unit 1602 .
  • the processing unit 1601 is configured to determine a transmission period, where the transmission period includes a first time domain position and a second time domain position that do not overlap each other in the time domain, where the first time domain position is used to carry the the data, the second time domain location is used to carry the data received by the communication device;
  • the transceiver unit 1602 is configured to send first data at the first time domain position of the transmission cycle, and the transceiver unit 1602 is also configured to receive second data at the second time domain position of the transmission cycle ;
  • the first data includes m codewords, and the m codewords include m codewords;
  • the second data includes n codewords, and the n codewords include n codewords; both m and n are An integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the first data also includes a first data header
  • the second data also includes a second data header
  • the time domain length corresponding to the first data header is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the second data header.
  • the transmission period also includes a third time domain position between the first time domain position and the second time domain position; wherein, the time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position is the same as the time corresponding to the first data header fields are of equal length.
  • the transmission period also includes a fourth time domain position, wherein the start time of the fourth time domain position is the same as the start time of the transmission period, or the end time of the fourth time domain position is the same as the end time of the transmission period the same time;
  • the time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the first data header.
  • the amount of data carried by the first data header is k times the length of the codeword, the k is less than or equal to 0.5, and the K is greater than or equal to 0.25.
  • the first data further includes a first data header
  • the second data further includes a corresponding second data header
  • the amount of data carried by the first data header is equal to the amount of data carried by the second data header.
  • the m codewords are data obtained through scrambling, and the first data header is data obtained without scrambling;
  • the n codewords are data obtained through scrambling, and the second data header is data obtained without scrambling.
  • the communication device is a slave node
  • the transceiver unit 1602 is also configured to receive configuration information from the master node, where the configuration information is used to determine the value of m and/or the value of n;
  • the processing unit 1601 is configured to determine the transmission period according to the configuration information.
  • the configuration information also includes:
  • the time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position, and/or, the time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position is not limited.
  • the communication device is a master node
  • the processing unit 1601 is specifically configured to determine the transmission period according to the port rate information of the communication device.
  • n is not equal to n.
  • Both the m codewords and the n codewords are codewords obtained based on FEC.
  • the transceiver unit 1602 is specifically configured to:
  • the first data is sent based on the MAC frame.
  • the communication device further includes a MAC layer entity and a PMA layer entity
  • the transceiver unit 1602 includes a control module
  • the transceiver unit 1602 acquires a MAC frame at the first time domain position of the transmission cycle including :
  • the control module sends indication information to the MAC layer entity for instructing the MAC layer entity to send data, and the control module sends indication information to the PMA layer entity for instructing the PMA layer entity Instructions for sending data;
  • the control module After the start time of the first time domain position of the transmission period and before the end time of the first time domain position of the transmission period, the control module receives the MAC frame from the MAC layer entity;
  • control module sends indication information to the MAC layer entity to instruct the MAC layer entity to stop sending data, and the control module sends to the PMA layer entity Instructions to stop sending data.
  • the communication device further includes a PMA layer entity
  • the transceiver unit 1602 includes a control module
  • the communication device receiving the second data at the second time domain position of the transmission cycle includes:
  • control module sends indication information for indicating received data to the PMA layer entity;
  • the PMA layer entity receives the second data after the start time of the second time domain position of the transmission cycle and before the end time of the second time domain position of the transmission cycle;
  • control module sends indication information for instructing to stop receiving data to the PMA layer entity.
  • the transceiver unit 1602 is located in a physical layer device (PHYSICAL LAYER DEVICE) of the communication device.
  • PHYSICAL LAYER DEVICE physical layer device
  • the first data header includes first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate the value of m;
  • the second data header includes second indication information, and the second indication information is used to indicate the value of n.
  • the first data header includes at least one of the following:
  • third indication information where the third indication information is used to indicate an adjustment request for the expected number of codewords.
  • Fourth indication information where the fourth indication information is used to indicate acceptance or rejection of the adjustment response of the expected number of codewords.
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate the adjustment confirmation of the expected number of codewords, where the value of the number of codewords expected to be sent by the communication device is m;
  • the second data header includes at least one of the following:
  • sixth indication information where the sixth indication information is used to indicate an adjustment request for the expected number of codewords.
  • the seventh indication information is used to indicate acceptance or rejection of the adjustment response for the expected number of codewords.
  • Eighth indication information where the eighth indication information is used to indicate the adjustment confirmation of the expected number of codewords, where the value of the number of codewords expected to be sent by the second node is n.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device 1700 , as shown in FIG. 17 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the communication device 1700 provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1700 executes functions of the communication device in any of the foregoing embodiments (for example, the communication device in the implementation manner shown in FIG. 7 , the communication device 1600 in FIG. 16 , etc.).
  • the communication device 1800 in FIG. 17 may be used to perform functions of other communication devices.
  • the communication device 1800 when the communication device 1700 is the master node, the communication device 1800 can be used to perform the function of the slave node; for another example, when the communication device 1700 is the slave node, the communication device 1800 can be used to perform the function of the master node .
  • the communication device 1700 shown in FIG. 17 includes a memory 1702 and at least one processor 1701 .
  • the processor 1701 implements the methods in the foregoing embodiments by reading instructions stored in the memory 1702, or, the processor 1701 may implement the methods in the foregoing embodiments through internally stored instructions.
  • the processor 1701 implements the methods in the above embodiments by reading the instructions stored in the memory 1702
  • the memory 1702 stores the instructions for implementing the methods provided in the above embodiments of the present application.
  • At least one processor 1701 is one or more CPUs, or a single-core CPU, or a multi-core CPU.
  • the memory 1702 includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EPROM, flash memory, or optical memory. Instructions of the operating system are stored in the memory 1702 .
  • the communication device executes corresponding operations in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the communication device shown in FIG. 17 further includes a network interface 1703 .
  • the network interface 1703 can be a wired interface, such as FDDI, GE interface; the network interface 1703 can also be a wireless interface.
  • the network interface 1703 is used to receive/transmit data in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the communication device 1700 further includes a bus 1704, and the processor 1701 and the memory 1702 are usually connected to each other through the bus 1704, and may also be connected to each other in other ways.
  • the communication device 1700 further includes an input and output interface 1705, which is used to connect with an input device, and receive relevant configuration information (such as m value, the value of n, the time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position, the time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position, etc.).
  • Input devices include, but are not limited to, keyboards, touch screens, microphones, and the like.
  • the communication device 1700 provided in the embodiments of the present application is configured to execute the methods performed by the communication device provided in the foregoing method embodiments, and achieve corresponding beneficial effects.
  • the communication device 1700 executes the functions of the communication device in the embodiment shown in Figure 7 (or the communication device 1600 in Figure 16); after the communication device 1700 determines the transmission cycle, the communication device 1700 in the transmission cycle
  • the first data is sent at the first time domain position of the transmission period, and the communication device 1700 receives the second data at the second time domain position of the transmission period; correspondingly, the communication device 1800 receives the second data at the first time domain position of the transmission period;
  • First data is received at a time domain position, and the communication device 1800 transmits second data at the second time domain position of the transmission cycle. That is, the communication device 1700 and the communication device 1800 respectively perform a process of sending data and a process of receiving data at non-overlapping time domain positions of the transmission cycle.
  • time domain positions of the data are non-overlapping time domain positions, so that the data sent by the communication device and the data received by the communication device are mutually isolated in time domain.
  • the first data includes m codewords
  • the second data includes n codewords; both m and n are integers greater than or equal to 1.
  • the first data also includes a first data header
  • the second data also includes a second data header
  • the time domain length corresponding to the first data header is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the second data header.
  • the transmission period also includes a third time domain position between the first time domain position and the second time domain position; wherein, the time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position is the same as the time corresponding to the first data header fields are of equal length.
  • the transmission period also includes a fourth time domain position, wherein the start time of the fourth time domain position is the same as the start time of the transmission period, or the end time of the fourth time domain position is the same as the end time of the transmission period the same time;
  • the time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position is equal to the time domain length corresponding to the first data header.
  • the amount of data carried by the first data header is k times the length of the codeword, the k is less than or equal to 0.5, and the K is greater than or equal to 0.25.
  • the first data further includes a first data header
  • the second data further includes a second data header
  • the amount of data carried by the first packet header is equal to the amount of data carried by the second packet header.
  • the m codewords are data obtained through scrambling, and the first data header is data obtained without scrambling;
  • the n codewords are data obtained through scrambling, and the second data header is data obtained without scrambling.
  • the communication device 1700 is a slave node
  • the communication device 1700 receives configuration information from the master node, where the configuration information is used to determine the value of m and/or the value of n;
  • the communication device 1700 determines the transmission period according to the configuration information.
  • the configuration information also includes:
  • the time domain length corresponding to the third time domain position, and/or, the time domain length corresponding to the fourth time domain position is not limited.
  • the communication device 1700 is the master node
  • the communication device 1700 determines the transmission period according to the port rate information of the communication device 1700 .
  • n is not equal to n.
  • Both the m codewords and the n codewords are codewords obtained based on FEC.
  • the communication device 1700 obtains a MAC frame at the first time domain position of the transmission period
  • the communication device 1700 sends the first data based on the MAC frame.
  • the communication device 1700 further includes a MAC layer entity and a PMA layer entity, the communication device 1700 includes a control module, and the communication device 1700 acquires a MAC frame at the first time domain position of the transmission cycle include:
  • the control module sends indication information to the MAC layer entity for instructing the MAC layer entity to send data, and the control module sends indication information to the PMA layer entity for instructing the PMA layer entity Instructions for sending data;
  • the control module After the start time of the first time domain position of the transmission period and before the end time of the first time domain position of the transmission period, the control module receives the MAC frame from the MAC layer entity;
  • control module sends indication information to the MAC layer entity to instruct the MAC layer entity to stop sending data, and the control module sends to the PMA layer entity Instructions to stop sending data.
  • the communications apparatus 1700 further includes a PMA layer entity, and the communications apparatus 1700 receiving the second data at the second time domain position of the transmission cycle includes:
  • control module sends indication information for indicating received data to the PMA layer entity;
  • the PMA layer entity receives the second data after the start time of the second time domain position of the transmission cycle and before the end time of the second time domain position of the transmission cycle;
  • control module sends indication information for instructing to stop receiving data to the PMA layer entity.
  • the transceiver unit is located in a physical layer device PHYSICAL LAYER DEVICE of the communication device 1700.
  • the first data header includes first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate the value of m;
  • the second data header includes second indication information, and the second indication information is used to indicate the value of n.
  • the first data header includes at least one of the following:
  • third indication information where the third indication information is used to indicate an adjustment request for the expected number of codewords.
  • Fourth indication information where the fourth indication information is used to indicate acceptance or rejection of the adjustment response of the expected number of codewords.
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate the adjustment confirmation of the expected number of codewords, where the value of the number of codewords expected to be sent by the communication device 1700 is m;
  • the second data header includes at least one of the following:
  • sixth indication information where the sixth indication information is used to indicate an adjustment request for the expected number of codewords.
  • the seventh indication information is used to indicate acceptance or rejection of the adjustment response for the expected number of codewords.
  • Eighth indication information where the eighth indication information is used to indicate the adjustment confirmation of the expected number of codewords, where the value of the number of codewords expected to be sent by the second node is n.
  • the two-way communication process provided by this method can reduce the cost And save power consumption to improve communication efficiency.
  • the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components can be combined or can be Integrate into another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了一种通信方法及通信装置，用于降低成本并节省功耗，以提升通信效率。在该方法中，通信装置确定传输周期，该传输周期包括在时域上互不重叠的第一时域位置和第二时域位置，其中，该第一时域位置用于承载该通信装置发送的数据，该第二时域位置用于承载该通信装置接收的数据；该通信装置在该传输周期的该第一时域位置上发送第一数据，且，该通信装置在该传输周期的该第二时域位置上接收第二数据。

Description

一种通信方法及通信装置
本申请要求于2022年02月11日提交中国国家知识产权局，申请号为202210130429.7，发明名称为“一种通信方法及通信装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及以太网通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及通信装置。
背景技术
以太网(Ethernet)是一种当前普遍应用的计算机局域网技术。其中，电气和电子工程师协会(institute of electrical and electronics engineers，IEEE)定义的802.1和IEEE 802.3标准以太网(standard ethernet，StdE)的相关标准在业界被广泛引用。
目前，基于以太网技术的数据传输过程中，支持数据的双向传输，而在双向传输的场景中一般依赖于回声消除(echo cancellation，EC)技术和有隔离度的混合器(hybrid)技术。示例性的，两个节点在双向通信过程中，节点A所发送的数据信号在到达节点B之后，由于该数据信号与节点B中的接收器件碰撞会产生反射信号，从而影响节点B给节点A所发送的数据信号，EC技术就是基于EC器件和算法等消除该反射信号。此外，hybrid技术就是在双向通信过程中，基于带隔离度的耦合器使得某个节点的发送数据和该节点的接收数据隔离开。从而，基于EC技术和hybrid技术可以减小发送数据和接收数据之间的相互影响。
然而，上述实现过程中，依赖EC技术和hybrid技术实现的双向通信过程需要新增器件使得设备功耗过大，影响通信效率。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种通信方法及通信装置，由于无需新增器件就能够降低通信装置的发送数据和接收数据之间的相互影响，相比于依赖EC技术和hybrid技术实现的双向通信过程，该通信方法提供的双向通信过程可以降低成本并节省功耗，以提升通信效率。
本申请第一方面提供了一种通信方法，该方法由通信装置执行，或者，该方法由通信装置中的部分组件(例如处理器、芯片或芯片系统等)执行，或者，该方法由能实现全部或部分通信装置功能的逻辑模块或软件实现。在第一方面及其可能的实现方式中，以该通信方法由通信装置执行为例进行描述，其中，通信装置可以为路由器、交换机、虚拟机、家庭网关设备、光线路终端(optical line terminal，OLT)设备或终端实体(例如摄像头，传感器、服务器等)等设备。在该方法中，通信装置确定传输周期，该传输周期包括在时域上互不重叠的第一时域位置和第二时域位置，其中，该第一时域位置用于承载该通信装置发送的数据，该第二时域位置用于承载该通信装置接收的数据；该通信装置在该传输周期的该第一时域位置上发送第一数据，且，该通信装置在该传输周期的该第二时域位置上接收第二数据。
基于上述技术方案，通信装置在确定传输周期之后，该通信装置在该传输周期的该第一时域位置上发送第一数据，且，该通信装置在该传输周期的该第二时域位置上接收第二数据。其中，该传输周期包括在时域上互不重叠的第一时域位置和第二时域位置，即该通信装置在该传输周期的互不重叠的时域位置上分别执行发送数据的过程和接收数据的过程。换言之，该通信装置基于该传输周期实现双向通信的过程中，由于承载该通信装置的发送数据的时域位置与承载该通信装置的接收数据的时域位置为互不重叠的时域位置，使得该通信装置的发送数据和该通信装置的接收数据之间在时域上相互隔离。从而，由于无需新增器件就能够降低通信装置的发送数据和接收数据之间的相互影响，相比于依赖EC技术和hybrid技术实现的双向通信过程，该方法提供的双向通信过程可以降低成本并节省功耗，以提升通信效率。
需要说明的是，通信装置在确定该传输周期之后，可以执行一次或多次该传输周期中收发数据的过程。本申请对该通信装置执行传输周期中收发数据的执行策略不做限定，该执行策略包括重复执行该传输周期中收发数据的次数、重复执行该传输周期中收发数据的持续时长等。例如，该通信装置可以基于预配置的执行策略确定该传输周期中收发数据的执行策略；又如，该通信装置可以基于用户输入指令确定该传输周期中收发数据的执行策略。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该第一数据包括m个码字，该第二数据包括n个码字；m和n均为大于或等于1的整数。
基于上述技术方案，通信装置在传输周期中所发送的第一数据中所包含的有效载荷(payload)可以为经过编码处理所得到的m个码字，以提升数据处理效率。类似地，通信装置在传输周期中所接收的第二数据所包含的有效载荷(payload)可以为经过编码处理所得到的n个码字，以提升数据处理效率。
应理解，在实际应用中，第一数据所包含的有效载荷也可以为无需经过编码的数据，类似地，第二数据所包含的有效载荷也可以为无需经过编码的数据。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该第一数据还包括第一数据头，该第二数据还包括第二数据头；其中，该第一数据头对应的时域长度与该第二数据头对应的时域长度相等。
基于上述技术方案，通信装置所发送的第一数据还包括第一数据头，相应的，通信装置所接收的第二数据还包括第二数据头，且该第一数据头对应的时域长度与该第二数据头对应的时域长度相等。其中，该数据头可以承载管理信息、开销信息等。使得不同通信装置在该传输周期中进行数据收发的过程中，明确接收数据的数据头和发送数据的数据头对应的时域长度是相等的，以降低实现复杂度。
应理解，该实现方式中，该第一数据头对应的时域长度与该第二数据头对应的时域长度相等为一种可能的实现方式，在实际应用中，该第一数据头对应的时域长度与该第二数据头对应的时域长度也可以是不相等的，以便于对通信装置收发数据的时域长度进行灵活配置。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该传输周期还包括位于该第一时域位置和该第 二时域位置之间的第三时域位置；其中，该第三时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度相等。
基于上述技术方案，该传输周期还包括位于该第一时域位置和该第二时域位置之间的第三时域位置，即通过第三时域位置的传输间隔(gap)设置，实现承载发送数据的时域位置和承载接收数据的时域位置之间进一步的隔离，进一步降低发送数据和接收数据之间的互相影响。此外，该第三时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度相等，使得不同通信装置在该传输周期中进行数据收发的过程中，明确收发数据的数据头和第三时域位置对应的时域长度是相等的，以降低实现复杂度。
可选地，该通信装置在该第三时域位置上不发送数据。
应理解，该实现方式中，该第三时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度相等为一种可能的实现方式，在实际应用中，该第三时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度也可以是不相等的。例如，该第三时域位置对应的时域长度大于该第一数据头对应的时域长度，通过增大收发数据之间的时域间隔的方式，实现承载发送数据的时域位置和承载接收数据的时域位置之间进一步的隔离；又如，该第三时域位置对应的时域长度小于该第一数据头对应的时域长度，通过减小收发数据之间的时域间隔的方式，实现在传输周期的时域长度一定的情况下能够增加收发数据的时域长度。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该传输周期还包括第四时域位置，其中，该第四时域位置的起始时刻与该传输周期的起始时刻相同，或，该第四时域位置的终止时刻与该传输周期的终止时刻相同；该第四时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度相等。
可选地，该通信装置在该第四时域位置上不发送数据。
基于上述技术方案，在传输周期的时域起始位置或该传输周期的时域终止位置还包括第四时域位置，即通过第四时域位置的传输间隔(gap)设置，实现相邻传输周期的时域位置之间的隔离，以降低通信装置在相邻传输周期所收发数据之间的相互影响。此外，该第四时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度相等，使得通信装置在不同传输周期中进行数据收发的过程中，明确第一数据头对应的时域长度和第四时域位置对应的时域长度是相等的，以降低实现复杂度。
应理解，该实现方式中，该第四时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度相等为一种可能的实现方式，在实际应用中，该第四时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度也可以是不相等的，以便于对该第四时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度进行灵活配置。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该第一数据头所承载的数据量为码字长度的k倍，该k小于或等于0.5，且该K大于或等于0.25。
可选地，k还可以为其它取值，例如，k小于或等于1，k小于或等于0.25，或者是其他取值，此处不做限定。
可选地，“码字长度”指的是m个码字中每一个码字的码字长度，或，码字长度”指的是n个码字中每一个码字的码字长度。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该第一数据还包括第一数据头，该第二数据还包括第二数据头；其中，该第一数据头所承载的数据量与该第二数据头所承载的数据量相等。
基于上述技术方案，通信装置所发送的第一数据还包括第一数据头，相应的，通信装置所接收的第二数据还包括第二数据头，且该第一数据头对应的时域长度与该第二数据头对应的时域长度相等。其中，该数据头可以承载管理信息、开销信息等。使得不同通信装置在该传输周期中进行数据收发的过程中，明确接收数据的数据头所承载的数据量和发送数据的数据头所承载的数据量是相等的，以降低实现复杂度。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，
在该第一数据中，该m个码字为经过扰码得到的数据，该第一数据头为未经扰码得到的数据；
和/或，
在该第二数据中，该n个码字为经过扰码得到的数据，该第二数据头为未经扰码得到的数据。
基于上述技术方案，在该通信装置所发送的第一数据中，通信装置可以对所要发送的有效载荷(payload)信息进行扰码以得到m个码字，以提升该通信装置的发送数据的直流平衡性；此外，该通信装置可以无需对承载管理信息、开销信息等的第一数据头进行扰码，以便于该发送数据的接收方基于该第一数据头对该m个码字进行快速的解析。类似的，在该通信装置所接收的第二数据中，第二数据的发送方可以对所要发送的有效载荷(payload)信息进行扰码以得到n个码字，以提升数据的直流平衡性；此外，该第二数据的发送方可以无需对承载管理信息、开销信息等的第二数据头进行扰码，以便于该通信装置基于该第二数据头对该n个码字进行快速的解析。
可选地，在第一数据中，该第一数据头为经扰码得到的数据；类似地，在第二数据中，该第二数据头为经扰码得到的数据。使得通信装置对所要发送的数据都进行扰码处理而无需区别处理，以降低复杂度。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置为从节点，该通信装置确定该传输周期包括：该通信装置接收来自主节点的配置信息，配置信息用于确定m的取值和/或n的取值；该通信装置根据该配置信息确定该传输周期。
基于上述技术方案，该通信方法可以应用于具备主从关系的不同通信装置之间的双向通信过程，当某个通信装置为从节点的情况下，该通信装置可以基于主节点的配置信息确定m的取值和/或n的取值，并进一步基于m的取值和/或n的取值确定该传输周期。
可选地，当配置信息用于确定m的取值的情况下，n的取值可以预配置于该通信装置中。类似地当配置信息用于确定n的取值的情况下，m的取值可以预配置于该通信装置中。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该配置信息还包括：该第三时域位置对应的时域长度，和/或，该第四时域位置对应的时域长度。
基于上述技术方案，在传输周期中还包括第三时域位置和第四时域位置的情况下，主节点向从节点发送的配置信息还可以包括该第三时域位置对应的时域长度和/或该第四时 域位置对应的时域长度，使得从节点明确该传输周期中传输间隔的时域配置。
可选地，该第三时域位置对应的时域长度和/或该第四时域位置对应的时域长度还可以预配置于该通信装置中，使得该通信装置无需主节点的配置即可明确该传输周期中传输间隔的时域配置，节省开销。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置为主节点，该通信装置确定该传输周期包括：该通信装置根据该通信装置的端口速率信息确定该传输周期。
基于上述技术方案，该通信方法可以应用于具备主从关系的不同通信装置之间的双向通信过程，当某个通信装置为主节点的情况下，该通信装置可以根据该通信装置的端口速率信息确定该传输周期。其中，该通信装置与其它通信装置进行双向通信的过程中，由于其他通信装置的端口速率不一定都是相同的，该通信装置可以基于与其他通信装置的端口速率信息在预设的映射关系中确定该传输周期的相关配置。
可选地，该预设的映射关系可以包括端口速率信息与传输周期的相关配置(例如m的取值、n的取值、第三时域位置对应的时域长度、第四时域位置对应的时域长度中的至少一项)之间的映射关系，且该预设的映射关系可以通过表格、文字、图表或者其它方式实现，此处不做限定。
可选地，该通信装置为主节点的情况下，若该通信装置仅支持某一种端口速率的传输，则该传输周期中的相关配置可以为预配置的方式写入该通信装置中，使得该通信装置无需根据该通信装置的端口速率信息确定该传输周期。
可选地，该通信装置为主节点的情况下，该通信装置还可以基于用户输入指令确定该传输周期的相关配置，使得该通信装置无需根据该通信装置的端口速率信息确定该传输周期的同时，也可以支持用户的个性化配置。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置基于预配置的方式、基于用户输入指令的方式或者基于不同通信装置之间协商的方式确定该传输周期的相关配置。换言之，该通信方法可以应用于不具备主从关系的不同通信装置之间的双向通信过程，以适应于不同的应用场景。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，m不等于n。
基于上述技术方案，该通信装置所发送的第一数据所包含的码字数量m与该通信装置所接收的第二数据所包含的码字数量n不相等，使得该通信方法支持上下行传输速率不一致(即非对称)的双向通信场景。例如，当该通信装置的发送数据的数据量大于接收数据的数据量的情况下，m大于n；又如，当该通信装置的接收数据的数据量大于发送数据的数据量的情况下，n大于m。
可选地，m等于n，即该通信装置所发送的第一数据所包含的码字数量m与该通信装置所接收的第二数据所包含的码字数量n相等，使得该通信方法支持上下行传输速率一致(即对称)的双向通信场景。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，m个码字和n个码字均为基于前向纠错码(forward error correction，FEC)得到的码字。
可选地，m个码字或n个码字还可以为级联码、交叉编码或者其它方式得到的码字， 此处不做限定。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置在该传输周期的该第一时域位置上发送该第一数据包括：该通信装置在该传输周期的该第一时域位置上获取第一媒介访问控制(media access control，MAC)帧；该通信装置基于该MAC帧发送该第一数据。
基于上述技术方案，通信装置在传输周期的第一时域位置上所发送的第一数据为基于MAC帧所产生的，使得该通信方法可以应用于以太网，沿用以太网中MAC层的帧格式和协议向后兼容的特性，即不同的以太网协议中MAC层的帧格式和协议(相同或相近)可以相互兼容，以继承以太网生态。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置包括MAC层实体，物理媒介适配PMA层实体和控制模块，该通信装置在该传输周期的该第一时域位置上获取MAC帧包括：在该传输周期的该第一时域位置的起始时刻，该控制模块向MAC层实体发送用于指示MAC层实体发送数据的指示信息，该控制模块向该PMA层实体发送用于指示PMA层实体发送数据的指示信息；在该传输周期的该第一时域位置的起始时刻之后且在该传输周期的该第一时域位置的终止时刻之前，该控制模块接收来自MAC层实体的MAC帧(其中，这里的MAC帧可以是整数个，比如1个或多个，也可能是非整数个，比如0.4个，2.3个，2.4个等，此处不做限定)；在该传输周期的该第一时域位置的终止时刻，该控制模块向MAC层实体发送用于指示MAC层实体停止发送数据的指示信息，该控制模块向该PMA层实体发送用于指示PMA层实体停止发送数据的指示信息。
基于上述技术方案，通信装置中还可以包括控制模块，该控制模块可以在传输周期的第一时域位置对应的不同时刻上分别指示MAC层和PMA层执行发送或执行停止发送，使得该通信装置在第一时域位置上基于获取的MAC帧发送第一数据，且使得该通信装置在第一时域位置之外的其他时域位置上停止获取MAC帧，以避免出现业务流集聚问题。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置包括物理媒介适配(physical media attachment，PMA)层实体和控制模块，该通信装置在该传输周期的该第二时域位置上接收该第二数据包括：在该传输周期的该第二时域位置的起始时刻，该控制模块向该PMA层实体发送用于指示接收数据的指示信息；在该传输周期的该第二时域位置的起始时刻之后且在该传输周期的该第二时域位置的终止时刻之前，该PMA层实体接收该第二数据；在该传输周期的该第二时域位置的终止时刻，该控制模块向该PMA层实体发送用于指示停止接收数据的指示信息。
基于上述技术方案，通信装置中还可以包括控制模块，该控制模块可以在传输周期的第二时域位置对应的不同时刻上分别指示PMA层对数据的接收或停止接收，使得该通信装置在第二时域位置上接收数据，且使得该通信装置在第二时域位置之外的其他时域位置上停止接收数据，以避免出现业务流集聚问题。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该控制模块位于该通信装置的物理层装置(PHYSICAL LAYER DEVICE，简称PHY)。
可选地，该控制模块可以位于PHY中的协调子层(reconciliation sublayer，RS)，物理编码子层(physical coding sublayer，PCS)，PMA，物理介质依附层(physical medium  dependent，PMD)或者其它子层中；或者，该控制模块还可以位于不同于PHY中的RS，PCS，PMA，PMD或者其它子层的独立的新增的子层中，此处不做限定。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该第一数据头包括第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示m的取值；和/或，该第二数据头包括第二指示信息，该第二指示信息用于指示n的取值。
基于上述技术方案，通信装置发送的第一数据的第一数据头中可以包括用于指示m的取值的第一指示信息，以使得第一数据的接收方可以基于该第一指示信息解析该m个码字。类似地，通信装置接收的第二数据的第二数据头中可以包括用于指示n的取值的第二指示信息，以使得该通信装置可以基于该第二指示信息解析该n个码字。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，
该第一数据头包括以下至少一项：
第三指示信息，该第三指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整请求；或，
第四指示信息，该第四指示信息用于指示接受或拒绝期望的码字数量的调整响应；或，
第五指示信息，该第五指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整确认，其中，该通信装置期望发送的码字数量的取值为m；
和/或，
该第二数据头包括以下至少一项：
第六指示信息，该第六指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整请求；或，
第七指示信息，该第七指示信息用于指示接受或拒绝期望的码字数量的调整响应；或，
第八指示信息，该第八指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整确认，其中，该第二节点期望发送的码字数量的取值为n。
基于上述技术方案，通信装置发送的第一数据的第一数据头或该通信装置接收的第二数据的第二数据头还可以基于长度调整请求(length adjustment request，LAR)、长度调整响应(length adjustment acknowledgment，LAA)以及长度调整确认(length adjustment commit，LAC)的长度调整机制，协商调整m的取值或n的取值，以实现对数据的收发速率的灵活调整。
本申请第二方面提供了一种通信装置，该装置可以实现上述第一方面或第一方面任一种可能的实现方式中的方法。该装置包括用于执行上述方法的相应的单元或模块。该装置包括的单元或模块可以通过软件和/或硬件方式实现。例如，该装置可以为通信装置，或者，该装置可以为通信装置中的组件(例如处理器、芯片或芯片系统等)，或者该装置还可以为能实现全部或部分通信装置功能的逻辑模块或软件。在第二方面及其可能的实现方式中，以该通信方法由通信装置执行为例进行描述，其中，通信装置可以为路由器、交换机、虚拟机、家庭网关设备、OLT设备或终端实体(例如摄像头，传感器、服务器等)等设备。
该装置包括处理单元和收发单元；
该处理单元，用于确定传输周期，该传输周期包括在时域上互不重叠的第一时域位置和第二时域位置，其中，该第一时域位置用于承载该通信装置发送的数据，该第二时域位 置用于承载该通信装置接收的数据；
该收发单元，用于在该传输周期的该第一时域位置上发送第一数据，且，该收发单元，还用于在该传输周期的该第二时域位置上接收第二数据。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该第一数据包括m个码字，该第二数据包括n个码字；m和n均为大于或等于1的整数。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，
该第一数据还包括第一数据头，该第二数据还包括第二数据头；
其中，该第一数据头对应的时域长度与该第二数据头对应的时域长度相等。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，
该传输周期还包括位于该第一时域位置和该第二时域位置之间的第三时域位置；其中，该第三时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度相等。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，
该传输周期还包括第四时域位置，其中，该第四时域位置的起始时刻与该传输周期的起始时刻相同，或，该第四时域位置的终止时刻与该传输周期的终止时刻相同；
该第四时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度相等。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，
该第一数据头所承载的数据量为码字长度的k倍，该k小于或等于0.5，且该K大于或等于0.25。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该第一数据还包括第一数据头，该第二数据还包括第二数据头；
其中，该第一数据头所承载的数据量与该第二数据头所承载的数据量相等。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，
在该第一数据中，该m个码字为经过扰码得到的数据，该第一数据头为未经扰码得到的数据；
和/或，
在该第二数据中，该n个码字为经过扰码得到的数据，该第二数据头为未经扰码得到的数据。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置为从节点；
该收发单元，还用于接收来自主节点的配置信息，配置信息用于确定m的取值和/或n的取值；
该处理单元，用于根据该配置信息确定该传输周期。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该配置信息还包括：
该第三时域位置对应的时域长度，和/或，该第四时域位置对应的时域长度。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置为主节点；
该处理单元，具体用于根据该通信装置的端口速率信息确定该传输周期。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，
m不等于n。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，
m个码字和n个码字均为基于FEC得到的码字。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该收发单元，具体用于：
在该传输周期的该第一时域位置上获取MAC帧；
基于该MAC帧发送该第一数据。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置还包括MAC层实体，物理媒介适配PMA层实体，该收发单元包括控制模块，该收发单元在该传输周期的该第一时域位置上获取MAC帧包括：
在该传输周期的该第一时域位置的起始时刻，该控制模块向MAC层实体发送用于指示MAC层实体发送数据的指示信息，该控制模块向PMA层实体发送用于指示PMA层实体发送数据的指示信息；
在该传输周期的该第一时域位置的起始时刻之后且在该传输周期的该第一时域位置的终止时刻之前，该控制模块接收来自MAC层实体的该MAC帧；
在该传输周期的该第一时域位置的终止时刻，该控制模块向MAC层实体发送用于指示MAC层实体停止发送数据的指示信息，该控制模块向PMA层实体发送用于指示PMA层实体停止发送数据的指示信息。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置还包括PMA层实体，该收发单元包括控制模块，该通信装置在该传输周期的该第二时域位置上接收该第二数据包括：
在该传输周期的该第二时域位置的起始时刻，该控制模块向该PMA层实体发送用于指示接收数据的指示信息；
在该传输周期的该第二时域位置的起始时刻之后且在该传输周期的该第二时域位置的终止时刻之前，该PMA层实体接收该第二数据；
在该传输周期的该第二时域位置的终止时刻，该控制模块向该PMA层实体发送用于指示停止接收数据的指示信息。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该收发单元位于该通信装置的物理层装置PHYSICAL LAYER DEVICE。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，
该第一数据头包括第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示m的取值；
和/或，
该第二数据头包括第二指示信息，该第二指示信息用于指示n的取值。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，
该第一数据头包括以下至少一项：
第三指示信息，该第三指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整请求；或，
第四指示信息，该第四指示信息用于指示接受或拒绝期望的码字数量的调整响应；或，
第五指示信息，该第五指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整确认，其中，该通信装置期望发送的码字数量的取值为m；
和/或，
该第二数据头包括以下至少一项：
第六指示信息，该第六指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整请求；或，
第七指示信息，该第七指示信息用于指示接受或拒绝期望的码字数量的调整响应；或，
第八指示信息，该第八指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整确认，其中，该第二节点期望发送的码字数量的取值为n。
本申请实施例第二方面中，通信装置的组成模块还可以用于执行第一方面的各个可能实现方式中所执行的步骤，具体均可以参阅第一方面，此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例第三方面提供了一种通信装置，包括至少一个处理器，该至少一个处理器与存储器耦合；
该存储器用于存储程序或指令；
该至少一个处理器用于执行该程序或指令，以使该装置实现前述第一方面或第一方面任意一种可能的实现方式所述的方法。
本申请实施例第四方面提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该存储介质用于存储一个或多个计算机执行指令，当计算机执行指令被处理器执行时，该处理器执行如上述第一方面或第一方面任意一种可能的实现方式所述的方法。
本申请实施例第五方面提供一种计算机程序产品(或称计算机程序)，当计算机程序产品被该处理器执行时，该处理器执行上述第一方面或第一方面任意一种可能实现方式的方法。
本申请实施例第六方面提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括至少一个处理器，用于支持第一网络设备实现上述第一方面或第一方面任意一种可能的实现方式中所涉及的功能。
在一种可能的设计中，该芯片系统还可以包括存储器，存储器，用于保存该通信装置必要的程序指令和数据。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。可选的，该芯片系统还包括接口电路，该接口电路为该至少一个处理器提供程序指令和/或数据。
本申请实施例第七方面提供了一种通信系统，该通信系统包括上述第二方面的通信装置，和/或，该通信系统包括上述第三方面的通信装置。
其中，第二方面至第七方面中任一种设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见上述第一方面中不同实现方式所带来的技术效果，在此不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为本申请涉及的网络协议层的一个结构示意图；
图2a为本申请涉及的编码码块的一个结构示意图；
图2b为本申请涉及的编码码块的一个结构示意图；
图3为车载网络的网络结构一个示意图；
图4为车载网络中数据传输的一个示意图；
图5为本申请应用场景的一个示意图；
图6为本申请应用场景的另一个示意图；
图7为本申请提供的通信方法的一个示意图；
图8为本申请提供的通信方法的另一个示意图；
图9为本申请提供的端口速率的配置方式的一个示意图；
图10a为本申请提供的通信方法的另一个示意图；
图10b为本申请提供的通信方法的另一个示意图；
图11为本申请涉及的数据封装流程的一个示意图；
图12为本申请提供的通信方法的另一个示意图；
图13a为本申请提供的通信方法的另一个示意图；
图13b为本申请提供的通信方法的另一个示意图；
图14为本申请提供的通信方法涉及的字段结构的一个示意图；
图15为本申请提供的通信方法的另一个示意图；
图16为本申请提供的通信装置的一个示意图；
图17为本申请提供的通信装置的另一个示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
首先，对本申请实施例中的部分用语进行解释说明，以便于本领域技术人员理解。
(1)以太网：以太网(Ethernet)是一种当前普遍应用的计算机局域网技术。IEEE 802.1和IEEE 802.3标准制定了以太网的技术标准。
(2)前向纠错(forward error correction，FEC)：FEC是一种差错控制方式，它是指信号在被送入传输信道之前预先按一定的算法进行编码处理，加入带有信号本身特征的冗余码，在接收端依照相应算法对接收到的信号进行解码，从而找出在传输过程中产生的错误码并将其纠正的技术。FEC编码增益，则是衡量FEC纠错能力的指标。
(3)里德-所罗门(Reed-Solomon，简称RS)码：RS码是一种前向纠错码，其参数表示方式通常为RS(n，k，t，m)、RS(n，k，m)或RS(n，k)。其中，n表示该RS码的总长度，k表示该RS码中的有效负载(Payload)的长度，t表示该RS码的纠错能力，n、k、t这三个参数均以符号为单元，m则表示每个符号中所包含的比特(bit)数。利用RS码所实现的FEC策略，通常也称为RS-FEC。
示例性的，车载网络技术中，常见的FEC码字为FEC(544,514)，FEC(360,326)，FEC(936,876)等。
(4)本申请实施例中的术语“系统”和“网络”可被互换使用。“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A、同时存在A和B、单独存在B的情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个) 或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如“A，B和C中的至少一个”包括A，B，C，AB，AC，BC或ABC。以及，除非有特别说明，本申请实施例提及“第一”、“第二”等序数词是用于对多个对象进行区分，不用于限定多个对象的顺序、时序、优先级或者重要程度。
以太网是一种当前普遍应用的计算机局域网技术。其中，IEEE定义的802.1和IEEE802.3标准以太网的相关标准在业界被广泛引用。1980年IEEE制定了802.3标准，表示着以太网的诞生。以太网自产生以来，一直采用分组报文转发的方式，即目的地转发(destination forwarding)的转发方式。该方式天然支持链路带宽的统计复用。此外，以太网设备因为价格便宜，支持即插即用等特性，部署率很高。运营商，设备厂商，仪表-厂商，器件厂商，芯片厂商等都支持以太网技术的发展，几十年发展下来，以太网拥有几乎最大的生态圈和成熟的产业链。同时，受限于当时以太网物理链路半双工共享媒介下的公平性问题，以及内存容量和硬件成本等问题，规定了以太网标准的最大传输单元(maximum transmission unit，MTU)。
可选地，该MTU取值的大小为1500字节。
以太网速率的发展从一开始的10M半双工通信到目前使用的200G，400G，以及未来的800G，1.6T等大带宽速率行进，为了提供向后兼容性，以太网的架构基本上都在不影响前代技术的基础上进行演进。
请参阅图1，为兼容40GBASE-R和100GBASE-R以太网接口的一个结构示意图。
如图1左侧图例1所示，在开放式系统互联通信参考模型层(open system interconnection reference model layers，OSI REFERENCE MODEL LAYERS)的网络层次结构中，包括应用层(APPLICATION)、表示层(PRESENTATION)、会话层(SESSION)、传输层(TRANSPORT)、网络层、(NETWORK)、数据链路层(DATA LINK)、物理层(PHYSICAL，PHY)。
如图1右侧图例2所示，在以太网层(ETHERNET LAYERS)的网络层次结构中，包括高层(HIGHER LAYERS)，逻辑链路控制层(LLC OR OTHER MAC CLIENT)、媒介访问控制控制(可选)(MAC CONTROL(OPTIONAL))、媒介访问控制(MAC)、协调子层(RECONCILIATION，记为RS)、40G媒介无关接口(XLGMII)、100G媒介无关接口(CGMII)、物理编码子层(PCS)、前向纠错码层(FEC)、物理媒介适配(PMA)、物理介质依附层(PMD)、自动协商(AN)、媒介相关接口(MDI)、介质(MEDIUM)。如图1所示，40G媒介无关接口(或100G媒介无关接口)、物理编码子层、前向纠错码层、物理媒介适配、物理介质依附层、自动协商可以称为物理层装置(PHYSICAL LAYER DEVICE，简称PHY)。
可选地，以太网层中的逻辑链路控制层、媒介访问控制控制层(可选)和媒介访问控制层对应于开放式系统互联通信参考模型层中的数据链路层。
类似地，以太网层中的协调子层、40G媒介无关接口、100G媒介无关接口、物理编码子层、前向纠错码层、物理媒介适配、物理介质依附层、自动协商、媒介相关接口对应于开放式系统互联通信参考模型层中的物理层。
示例性的，以太网接口在设计时考虑的是以太网PHY承载一个MAC数据流。例如，在发送方向上，MAC数据流经过接口进行传输，自上而下依次涉及MAC、RS、PCS、FEC、PMA 和PMD的处理，最后体现为发送到AN上的信号。类似地，接收方向涉及其逆过程，信号被从AN上接收，依次经PMD、PMA、FEC、PCS最后处理，恢复出MAC数据流。一般认为，以太网层中的物理层可以改变，MAC层的帧格式和协议向后兼容，即新版本的以太协议中，MAC层的帧格式和协议都跟之前版本(相同或相近)可以相互兼容。
此外，在以太网的前向纠错码层(FEC)中会涉及到编码格式的转换，一般记为M/N比特(bit)块。其中，M表示编码输入，N表示编码输出；通常，M<N。
一种实现示例中，IEEE 802.3定义的64B/66B编码块中，是在64bit输入的基础上，根据它是控制信息还是业务数据信息，增加2bit的同步头。其中，0b10表示控制码块，0b01表示数据码块。其他类型的同步头表示是无效的码块。
图2a示例性示出了标准中定义的64B/66B编码格式的码块的结构示意图。
如图2a所示，码块的同步头区域包括码块的第0比特和第1比特，码块的同步头区域有两种情况，分别为01和10。同步头为01的码块称为数据码块，数据码块可以写为D码块；同步头为10的称为控制码块。控制码块的字段D0占用8比特，可以称为控制码块的类型域(类型域可以写为type域)。
进一步地，控制码块可以包括：头码块、尾码块、Ordered set码块(也可以写为O码块)、空闲码块(空闲码块也可以写为IDLE码块)、错误码块(错误码块也可以写为error码块)、低功耗码块等。例如，头码块为图2a中同步头为10类型与为0x78的码块，尾码块可以包括图2a中同步头为10，类型域为0x87、0x99、0xAA、0xB4、0xCC、0xD2、0xE1和0xFF的码块；O码块为图2a中同步头为10类型与为0x4B的码块。
另一种实现示例中，如图2b所示，64/65bit块是在64B/66B编码块基础上，将2bit的同步头压缩为1bit而形成的编码块。下图为压缩后的2种65bit idle码块格式，本文对具体选择哪种压缩格式没有限制。或者是，直接对64b进行编码，添加1bit同步头后形成。
下面对以太网技术在车载网络的应用进行介绍。
车载网络(车内网络)从最开始的全机械化，经历了总线网络，直连网络，分区域网络domain架构等逐渐朝着车载环网的方向演进。如图3所示，车载环网为车内的骨干网络，连接多个网关通信设备。目前车载环网骨干网络(例如图3中座舱域控制器(cockpit domain controller，CDC)，移动数据中心(mobile data center，MDC)，整车控制器(vehicle domain controller，VDC)、网关设备(gateway，GW)等设备之间连接的网络)主要为以太网，比如5吉比特秒(Gbps),10Gbps等，未来可能会像更大带宽演进。环网的接入网络主要为图3所示的摄像头，传感器，雷达等设备与骨干网络中的设备之间连接的网络(图中未画出连线)。随着像素和帧率的不断提升，车载环网接入链路的带宽也在逐渐增加，从最开始的K级，到M级速率，以及G级速率。目前车载接入技术比较多，比如最老的基于低压差分信号(Low Voltage Differential Signaling，LVDS)和串并转换器(Serialize-Deserialize,SerDes)的系列技术。这些技术都不是以太网技术，跟目前环网以太技术无法兼容。
目前，基于以太网技术的数据传输过程中，支持数据的双向传输，而在双向传输的场 景中一般依赖于回声消除(echo cancellation，EC)技术和有隔离度的混合器(hybrid)技术。示例性的，两个节点在双向通信过程中，节点A所发送的数据信号在到达节点B之后，由于该数据信号与节点B中的接收器件碰撞会产生反射信号，从而影响节点B给节点A所发送的数据信号，EC技术就是基于EC器件和算法等消除该反射信号。此外，hybrid技术就是在双向通信过程中，基于带隔离度的耦合器使得某个节点的发送数据和该节点的接收数据隔离开。从而，基于EC技术和hybrid技术可以减小发送数据和接收数据之间的相互影响。
上述发送数据和接收数据之间的相互影响的情况，在非对称的双向传输的场景下尤为明显。以车载网络为例，如图4所示，摄像头(即图4中的Camera Sensor)给电子控制单元(electronic control unit，ECU)发送的信号为视频帧信号，为大带宽传输；反向，处理单元给摄像头发送的信号为小流量的控制信号，为小带宽传输，业务呈现非对称的特征。类似地，ECU与显示器(即图4中的Display)间的通信也有类似的非对称特征，即处理器给显示器发送大带宽的视频帧信号，反向当人控制显示器会导致显示器发送一些交互的小带宽控制信号给ECU。由图4所示示例可知，车载摄像头传感器业务的流量上下行均为非对称，大带宽传输的信号很容易对小带宽传输的信号产生比较大的影响，而当前的以太网还不存在相应的技术以解决上述问题。
综上所述，当前以太网技术的实现过程中，依赖EC技术和hybrid技术实现的双向通信过程需要新增器件使得设备功耗过大，影响通信效率。
为了解决上述问题，本申请提供了一种通信方法及通信装置，由于无需新增器件就能够降低通信装置的发送数据和接收数据之间的相互影响，相比于依赖EC技术和hybrid技术实现的双向通信过程，该通信方法提供的双向通信过程可以降低成本并节省功耗，以提升通信效率。
下面将首先对本申请提供的通信方法的应用场景进行示例性介绍，其中，该通信方法可以应用于点对点的以太网通信场景中。
一种实现示例中，如图5所示，以应用该通信方法的通信装置包括节点A和节点B作为示例。节点A和节点B具备以太接口并分别通过各自的以太接口进行数据的收发，以执行本申请涉及的通信方法。示例性的，节点A和B可以是集成了以太接口的路由器、交换机、虚拟机、家庭网关设备、OLT设备或终端实体(例如摄像头，传感器，个人电脑，服务器等)。
另一种实现示例中，如图6所示，以应用该通信方法的通信装置包括终端设备(例如图示中运营商边缘(provider edge，PE)设备)和网络设备(例如图示中运营商(provider，P)设备)作为示例。PE和P具体可以为包含有网卡(例如PHY芯片)以及支持报文转发功能的路由器或者交换机等。
应理解，图5和图6所示场景仅仅为示例性描述，在实际应用中，本申请提供的通信方法可以应用于支持以太网通信的任意设备之间的通行过程，本申请对该通信方法的应用场景不做限定。此外，本申请提供的通信方法由通信装置执行，或者，本申请提供的通信方法由通信装置中的部分组件(例如处理器、芯片或芯片系统等)执行，或者，本申请提供的通信方法由能实现全部或部分通信装置功能的逻辑模块或软件实现。在后文实现方式中， 以该通信方法由通信装置执行为例进行描述，其中，通信装置可以为路由器、交换机、虚拟机、家庭网关设备、光线路终端(optical line terminal，OLT)设备或终端实体(例如摄像头，传感器、服务器等)等设备。
请参阅图7，为本申请提供的一种通信方法的一个示意图，该方法包括如下步骤。
S701.确定传输周期。
本实施例中，通信装置在步骤S701中确定传输周期，该传输周期包括在时域上互不重叠的第一时域位置和第二时域位置，其中，该第一时域位置用于承载该通信装置发送的数据，该第二时域位置用于承载该通信装置接收的数据。
应理解，本申请提供的通信方法应用于点对点通信，该第一时域位置具体用于承载该通信装置向另一通信装置发送的数据，该第二时域位置具体用于承载该通信装置向该另一通信装置接收的数据。对于通信装置而言，往往具备一个或多个通信端口，而不同的通信端口可以分别建立通信链路，本申请后文提及的通信装置收发数据具体指的是与该另一通信装置之间的通信链路上的收发数据。例如，后文提及的通信装置发送数据，指的是该通信装置向该另一通信装置发送数据；又如，后文提及的通信装置接收数据，指的是该通信装置接收来自该另一通信装置的数据；又如，后文提及的通信装置不发送数据，指的是该通信装置不向该另一通信装置发送数据；又如，后文提及的通信装置不接收数据，指的是该通信装置不接收来自该另一通信装置的数据。
S702.在传输周期的第一时域位置上发送第一数据，且，在传输周期的第二时域位置上接收第二数据。
本实施例中，通信装置在步骤S701中确定该传输周期之后，在步骤S702中，该通信装置在传输周期的第一时域位置上发送第一数据，且，该通信装置在传输周期的第二时域位置上接收第二数据。
可选地，在步骤S702中，该第一数据包括m个码字，该m个码字包括m个码字；该第二数据包括n个码字，该n个码字包括n个码字；m和n均为大于或等于1的整数。
具体地，步骤S702的实现过程中，通信装置在传输周期中所发送的第一数据中所包含的有效载荷(payload)可以为经过编码处理所得到的m个码字，以提升数据处理效率。类似地，通信装置在传输周期中所接收的第二数据所包含的有效载荷(payload)可以为经过编码处理所得到的n个码字，以提升数据处理效率。
应理解，在实际应用中，第一数据所包含的有效载荷也可以为无需经过编码的数据，类似地，第二数据所包含的有效载荷也可以为无需经过编码的数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，m不等于n。具体地，该通信装置所发送的第一数据所包含的码字数量m与该通信装置所接收的第二数据所包含的码字数量n不相等，使得该通信方法支持上下行传输速率不一致(即非对称)的双向通信场景。例如，当该通信装置的发送数据的数据量大于接收数据的数据量的情况下，m大于n；又如，当该通信装置的接收数据的数据量大于发送数据的数据量的情况下，n大于m。
可选地，m等于n，即该通信装置所发送的第一数据所包含的码字数量m与该通信装置所接收的第二数据所包含的码字数量n相等，使得该通信方法支持上下行传输速率一致(即对称)的双向通信场景。
此外，m个码字和n个码字均为基于前向纠错码(forward error correction，FEC)得到的码字。可选地，m个码字或n个码字还可以为级联码、交叉编码或者其它方式得到的码字，此处不做限定。为便于描述，后文中将以m个码字和n个码字均为基于FEC得到的码字为例进行说明。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一数据还包括第一数据头，该第二数据还包括第二数据头；其中，该第一数据头对应的时域长度与该第二数据头对应的时域长度相等。具体地，通信装置在步骤S702所发送的第一数据还包括第一数据头，相应的，通信装置在步骤S702所接收的第二数据还包括第二数据头，且该第一数据头对应的时域长度与该第二数据头对应的时域长度相等。其中，该数据头可以承载管理信息、开销信息等。使得不同通信装置在该传输周期中进行数据收发的过程中，明确接收数据的数据头和发送数据的数据头对应的时域长度是相等的，以降低实现复杂度。
应理解，该实现方式中，该第一数据头对应的时域长度与该第二数据头对应的时域长度相等为一种可能的实现方式，在实际应用中，该第一数据头对应的时域长度与该第二数据头对应的时域长度也可以是不相等的，以便于对通信装置收发数据的时域长度进行灵活配置。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一数据还包括第一数据头，该第二数据还包括第二数据头；其中，该第一数据头所承载的数据量与该第二数据头所承载的数据量相等。具体地，通信装置在步骤S702所发送的第一数据还包括第一数据头，相应的，通信装置在步骤S702所接收的第二数据还包括第二数据头，且该第一数据头对应的时域长度与该第二数据头对应的时域长度相等。其中，该数据头可以承载管理信息、开销信息等。使得不同通信装置在该传输周期中进行数据收发的过程中，明确接收数据的数据头所承载的数据量和发送数据的数据头所承载的数据量是相等的，以降低实现复杂度。
此外，该第一数据头所承载的数据量为码字长度的k倍，该k小于或等于0.5，且该K大于或等于0.25。
可选地，k还可以为其它取值，例如，k小于或等于1，k小于或等于0.25，或者是其他取值，此处不做限定。
可选地，“码字长度”指的是m个码字中每一个码字的码字长度，或，码字长度”指的是n个码字中每一个码字的码字长度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信装置在步骤S701确定的传输周期还包括位于该第一时域位置和该第二时域位置之间的第三时域位置；其中，该第三时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度相等。
具体地，该传输周期还包括位于该第一时域位置和该第二时域位置之间的第三时域位置，即通过第三时域位置的传输间隔(gap)设置，实现承载发送数据的时域位置和承载接收数据的时域位置之间进一步的隔离，进一步降低在步骤S702中发送数据和接收数据之间 的互相影响。此外，该第三时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度相等，使得不同通信装置在该传输周期中进行数据收发的过程中，明确收发数据的数据头和第三时域位置对应的时域长度是相等的，以降低实现复杂度。
可选地，在步骤S702的数据收发过程中，该通信装置在该第三时域位置上不发送数据。
应理解，在该实现方式中，该第三时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度相等为一种可能的实现方式，在实际应用中，该第三时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度也可以是不相等的。例如，该第三时域位置对应的时域长度大于该第一数据头对应的时域长度，通过增大收发数据之间的时域间隔的方式，实现承载发送数据的时域位置和承载接收数据的时域位置之间进一步的隔离；又如，该第三时域位置对应的时域长度小于该第一数据头对应的时域长度，通过减小收发数据之间的时域间隔的方式，实现在传输周期的时域长度一定的情况下能够增加收发数据的时域长度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信装置在步骤S701确定的传输周期还包括第四时域位置，其中，该第四时域位置的起始时刻与该传输周期的起始时刻相同，或，该第四时域位置的终止时刻与该传输周期的终止时刻相同；该第四时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度相等。
可选地，该通信装置在该第四时域位置上不发送数据。
具体地，在传输周期的时域起始位置或该传输周期的时域终止位置还包括第四时域位置，即通过第四时域位置的传输间隔(gap)设置，实现相邻传输周期的时域位置之间的隔离，以降低通信装置在相邻传输周期所收发数据之间的相互影响。此外，该第四时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度相等，使得通信装置在不同传输周期中进行数据收发的过程中，明确第一数据头对应的时域长度和第四时域位置对应的时域长度是相等的，以降低实现复杂度。
应理解，在该实现方式中，该第四时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度相等为一种可能的实现方式，在实际应用中，该第四时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度也可以是不相等的，以便于对该第四时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度进行灵活配置。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在步骤S701中，该通信装置可以通过多种不同的实现方式确定传输周期，下面将分别进行介绍。
实现方式一，该通信装置为从节点的情况下，该通信装置在步骤S701中确定该传输周期的过程包括：该通信装置接收来自主节点的配置信息，配置信息用于确定m的取值和/或n的取值；该通信装置根据该配置信息确定该传输周期。
具体地，本申请提供的通信方法可以应用于具备主从关系的不同通信装置之间的双向通信过程，当某个通信装置为从节点的情况下，该通信装置可以基于主节点的配置信息确定m的取值和/或n的取值，并进一步基于m的取值和/或n的取值确定该传输周期。
可选地，当配置信息用于确定m的取值的情况下，n的取值可以预配置于该通信装置中。类似地当配置信息用于确定n的取值的情况下，m的取值可以预配置于该通信装置中。
进一步可选地，该配置信息还包括：该第三时域位置对应的时域长度，和/或，该第四时域位置对应的时域长度。具体地，在传输周期中还包括第三时域位置和第四时域位置的情况下，主节点向从节点发送的配置信息还可以包括该第三时域位置对应的时域长度和/或该第四时域位置对应的时域长度，使得从节点明确该传输周期中传输间隔的时域配置。
可选地，该第三时域位置对应的时域长度和/或该第四时域位置对应的时域长度还可以预配置于该通信装置中，使得该通信装置无需主节点的配置即可明确该传输周期中传输间隔的时域配置，节省开销。
示例性的，图7所示实现方式还可以通过图8所示实现方式进一步实现，图8所示通信方法包括如下步骤。
步骤S801.主节点根据端口速率信息确定传输周期。
步骤S802.主节点向从节点发送配置信息，相应的，从节点在步骤S802中接收该配置信息。
步骤S803.从节点根据配置信息确定传输周期。
步骤S804.主节点和从节点在传输周期上收发数据。
在实现方式一中，通信装置作为图8中的从节点，步骤S701的实现过程可以通过图8所示步骤S802和步骤S803的叠加实现；步骤S702的实现过程可以通过图8所示步骤S804实现。
实现方式二，该通信装置为主节点的情况下，该通信装置在步骤S701中确定该传输周期的过程包括：该通信装置根据该通信装置的端口速率信息确定该传输周期。
具体地，本申请提供的通信方法可以应用于具备主从关系的不同通信装置之间的双向通信过程，当某个通信装置为主节点的情况下，该通信装置可以根据该通信装置的端口速率信息确定该传输周期。其中，该通信装置与其它通信装置进行双向通信的过程中，由于其他通信装置的端口速率不一定都是相同的，该通信装置可以基于与其他通信装置的端口速率信息在预设的映射关系中确定该传输周期的相关配置。
可选地，该预设的映射关系可以包括端口速率信息与传输周期的相关配置(例如m的取值、n的取值、第三时域位置对应的时域长度、第四时域位置对应的时域长度中的至少一项)之间的映射关系，且该预设的映射关系可以通过表格、文字、图表或者其它方式实现，此处不做限定。
作为一种实现示例，下面将结合图9所示示例，以该预设的映射关系通过表格的形式实现为例进行说明。
具体地，通信装置在步骤S702中发送的第一数据和接收的第二数据的封装长度随MAC层速率的不同而不同。如图9所示，以MAC层速率5Gbps为例，单个传输周期中FEC码字的总个数可以为48个，其中，单个FEC码字对应的MAC层速率带宽为100Mbps；对于上下行业务带宽分配，比如m＝47,n＝1,等同于下行带宽为4.7Gbps,上行带宽100Mbps。
类似地，如图9所示，以MAC层速率2.5Gbps为例，单个传输周期中FEC码字的总个数可以为23个，其中，单个FEC码字对应的MAC层速率带宽为100Mbps；对于上下行业务带宽分配，比如m＝22,n＝1,等同于下行带宽为2.2Gbps,上行带宽100Mbps。
类似地，如图9所示，以MAC层速率10Gbps为例，单个传输周期中FEC码字的总个数可以为98个，其中，单个FEC码字对应的MAC层速率带宽为100Mbps；对于上下行业务带宽分配，比如m＝97,n＝1,等同于下行带宽为9.7Gbps,上行带宽100Mbps。
类似地，如图9所示，以MAC层速率15Gbps为例，单个传输周期中FEC码字的总个数可以为148个，其中，单个FEC码字对应的MAC层速率带宽为100Mbps；对于上下行业务带宽分配，比如m＝147,n＝1,等同于下行带宽为14.7Gbps,上行带宽100Mbps。
应理解，图9所示示例中，以该预设的映射关系可以包括端口速率信息与传输周期的相关配置(m的取值和n的取值)之间的映射关系作为示例进行说明，在实际应用中，如前所述，还可以是其它的实现方式，此处不做具体的限定。此外，图9中“m的取值”和“n的取值”为一种实现示例，在实际应用中，也可以进行适当的修改，例如在控制第二列中“m+n”的和不变的前提下，增大“n的取值”并减小“m的取值”。
可选地，在实现方式二中，该通信装置为主节点的情况下，若该通信装置仅支持某一种端口速率的传输，则该传输周期中的相关配置可以为预配置的方式写入该通信装置中，使得该通信装置无需根据该通信装置的端口速率信息确定该传输周期。
可选地，在实现方式二中，该通信装置为主节点的情况下，该通信装置还可以基于用户输入指令确定该传输周期的相关配置，使得该通信装置无需根据该通信装置的端口速率信息确定该传输周期的同时，也可以支持用户的个性化配置。
在实现方式二中，通信装置作为图8中的主节点，步骤S701的实现过程可以通过图8所示步骤S801的实现；步骤S702的实现过程可以通过图8所示步骤S804实现。
下面将通过图10a和图10b所示实现示例对上述实现方式一和实现方式二进一步说明。
如图10a所示，本方案中节点与节点通信的双方存在主从结构，即一个节点为主节点(Master)，另一个节点为从节点(Slave)；换言之，本申请提供的通信装置可以作为图10a中的Master或Slave。在TDD control(控制模块)的控制下，按照前文所示传输周期进行数据的发送和接收。
可选地，本申请对不同节点之间的主从关系的确定过程的实现方式不做限定，例如可以是设备出厂设定的主从关系、用户输入指令所设置的主从关系或者是其他的实现方式，此处不做限定。
可选地，本申请涉及的主节点和从节点之间通信的媒介可以为屏蔽单对线(shielded twisted-pair，STP)、同轴线缆(coaxial cable，简称coax)或者是其他的实现方式，此处不做限定。
如图10b所示，为传输周期中发送数据和接收数据的整体概要图。在图10b中，以第一数据和第二数据均为突发(burst)为例，相应的，第一数据头和第二数据头可以记为突发头(burst header，BH)，用于做间隔的第三时域位置和第四时域位置可以记为突发间隔(burst gap，BG)。
在图10b，从链路视角看，链路上分别为上下行业务的发送以及穿插的BG。从业务上下行视角看，一个传输周期中，上行或下行业务的发送只占用了该传输周期的一部分，即 同一时刻只有一个方向的数据在发送(即BG之外的时域位置)或者两个方向都不存在数据发送(即BG所在的时域位置)。
实现方式三，该通信装置基于预配置的方式、基于用户输入指令的方式或者基于不同通信装置之间协商的方式确定该传输周期的相关配置。换言之，该通信方法可以应用于不具备主从关系的不同通信装置之间的双向通信过程，以适应于不同的应用场景。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
通信装置在步骤S702所发送的第一数据中，该m个码字为经过扰码得到的数据，该第一数据头为未经扰码得到的数据；
和/或，
通信装置在步骤S702所接收的第二数据中，该n个码字为经过扰码得到的数据，该第二数据头为未经扰码得到的数据。
具体地，该通信装置在步骤S702所发送的第一数据中，通信装置可以对所要发送的有效载荷(payload)信息进行扰码以得到m个码字，以提升该通信装置的发送数据的直流平衡性；此外，该通信装置可以无需对承载管理信息、开销信息等的第一数据头进行扰码，以便于该发送数据的接收方基于该第一数据头对该m个码字进行快速的解析。类似的，该通信装置在步骤S702所接收的第二数据中，第二数据的发送方可以对所要发送的有效载荷(payload)信息进行扰码以得到n个码字，以提升数据的直流平衡性；此外，该第二数据的发送方可以无需对承载管理信息、开销信息等的第二数据头进行扰码，以便于该通信装置基于该第二数据头对该n个码字进行快速的解析。
可选地，在第一数据中，该第一数据头为经扰码得到的数据；类似地，在第二数据中，该第二数据头为经扰码得到的数据。使得通信装置对所要发送的数据都进行扰码处理而无需区别处理，以降低复杂度。
下面将以图11所示实现过程进行示例性描述。
如图11所示，以FEC(360,326)为例，单个FEC码字的产生过程为：对业务数据进行64B/65B编码，编码后50个65B码块为一组进行FEC编码，得到340bit的校验码，之后再加上10bit的OAM，最后构成64/65b*50+10b+340b＝3600bit的FEC码字。在图11中，FEC码字封装好后，进行扰码处理，扰码处理完后再发送之前加上BH，即BH不参与扰码。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在步骤S702中，该通信装置在该传输周期的该第一时域位置上发送该第一数据的过程具体包括：该通信装置在该传输周期的该第一时域位置上获取第一媒介访问控制(media access control，MAC)帧；该通信装置基于该MAC帧发送该第一数据。
具体地，通信装置在传输周期的第一时域位置上所发送的第一数据为基于MAC帧所产生的，使得该通信方法可以应用于以太网，沿用以太网中MAC层的帧格式和协议向后兼容的特性，即不同的以太网协议中MAC层的帧格式和协议(相同或相近)可以相互兼容，以继承以太网生态。
进一步地，该通信装置包括MAC层实体，PMA层实体和控制模块，该通信装置在该传输周期的该第一时域位置上获取MAC帧的过程包括：在该传输周期的该第一时域位置的起始时 刻，该控制模块向MAC层实体发送用于指示MAC层实体发送数据的指示信息，该控制模块向该PMA层实体发送用于指示PMA层实体发送数据的指示信息；在该传输周期的该第一时域位置的起始时刻之后且在该传输周期的该第一时域位置的终止时刻之前，该控制模块接收来自MAC层实体的MAC帧(其中，这里的MAC帧可以是整数个，比如1个或多个，也可能是非整数个，比如0.4个，2.3个，2.4个等，此处不做限定)；在该传输周期的该第一时域位置的终止时刻，该控制模块向MAC层实体发送用于指示MAC层实体停止发送数据的指示信息，该控制模块向该PMA层实体发送用于指示PMA层实体停止发送数据的指示信息。
具体地，通信装置中还可以包括控制模块，该控制模块可以在传输周期的第一时域位置对应的不同时刻上分别指示MAC层和PMA层执行发送或执行停止发送，使得该通信装置在第一时域位置上基于获取的MAC帧发送第一数据，且使得该通信装置在第一时域位置之外的其他时域位置上停止获取MAC帧，以避免出现业务流集聚问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置包括PMA层实体和控制模块，该通信装置在该传输周期的该第二时域位置上接收该第二数据包括：在该传输周期的该第二时域位置的起始时刻，该控制模块向该PMA层实体发送用于指示接收数据的指示信息；在该传输周期的该第二时域位置的起始时刻之后且在该传输周期的该第二时域位置的终止时刻之前，该PMA层实体接收该第二数据；在该传输周期的该第二时域位置的终止时刻，该控制模块向该PMA层实体发送用于指示停止接收数据的指示信息。
具体地，通信装置中还可以包括控制模块，该控制模块可以在传输周期的第二时域位置对应的不同时刻上分别指示PMA层对数据的接收或停止接收，使得该通信装置在第二时域位置上接收数据，且使得该通信装置在第二时域位置之外的其他时域位置上停止接收数据，以避免出现业务流集聚问题。
可选地，该控制模块位于该通信装置的物理(physical，PHY)层实体。
进一步可选地，该控制模块可以位于PHY中的协调子层(reconciliation sublayer，RS)，物理编码子层(physical coding sublayer，PCS)，PMA，物理介质依附层(physical medium dependent，PMD)，FEC层(或称RS-FEC层)或者其它子层中；或者，该控制模块还可以位于不同于PHY中的RS，PCS，PMA，PMD或者其它子层的独立的新增的子层中，此处不做限定。下面将以该控制模块位于不同于PHY中的RS，PCS，PMA，PMD或者其它子层的独立的新增的子层中，结合图12所示示例进行描述。
如图12所示，图12左侧为标准以太网的层次(可参考前述图1描述)，本申请在以太网物理层增加一层用于实现控制功能的控制模块，该控制功能与FEC密切相关。此处仍沿用前文“以第一数据和第二数据均为突发(burst)为例”的描述，通过封装burst长度的不同来控制上下行业务带宽的非对称，如图右侧所示，两个箭头分别表示两个方向的数据发送，每个方向每次只发送一个burst(即第一数据或第二数据)，且上下行burst间存在BG。
此外，burst的封装由BH和若干个FEC码字组成，其中FEC码字的个数为整数。具体地，上行方向Brust中有m个FEC码字，下行方向burst中有n个FEC码字，m和n均为正整数且存在大小关系，及m>n,或m<n(一般下行业务带宽大于上行业务带宽)。BH和BG的长度相等，且为FEC码字长度的一半，或者为FEC码字长度的k倍(k的取值如前文所述，此处不再赘述)。
由图12可知，本申请提供的方案中将上下行burst组成一个传输周期，业务的发送按照传输周期循环进行。需要说明的是，通信装置在确定该传输周期之后，可以执行一次或多次该传输周期中收发数据的过程(即步骤S702)。本申请对该通信装置执行传输周期中收发数据的执行策略不做限定，该执行策略包括重复执行该传输周期中收发数据的次数、重复执行该传输周期中收发数据的持续时长等。例如，该通信装置可以基于预配置的执行策略确定该传输周期中收发数据的执行策略；又如，该通信装置可以基于用户输入指令确定该传输周期中收发数据的执行策略。
示例性的，下面将结合图13a和图13b所示实现示例对上述控制模块(即图13a和图13b中的Controller)的工作流程进一步描述。
如图13a所示，通信装置在步骤S702中发送第一数据的过程中可以包括如下实现过程：
A1.FEC封装，记录已封装的码字数量，即“Number+1”；
A2.判断Burst中FEC number＝＝ecpected？若否，则执行步骤A1，若是，则执行步骤A3；
A3.向上(即向上层协议层)：发送控制信号，驱动MII产生抑制信号，抑制MAC暂停发送；
A4.向下(即向下层协议层)：发送控制原语，促使PMA进入停发状态。
A5.判断PMA停发时长<＝预设值(即第一时域位置对应的时长)？若是，则执行步骤A4，若否，则执行步骤A6；
A6.向上：停止发送控制信号，驱动MII停止抑制信号，恢复MAC数据发送；
A7.向下：停止发送控制原语，恢复PMA发送。
如图13b所示，通信装置在步骤S702中发送第一数据的过程中可以包括如下实现过程：
B1.接收Burst FEC；
B2.判断Burst中FEC number received＝＝Number counted？若否，则执行步骤B1，若是，则执行步骤B3；
B3.静默BG时长；
B4.向上：停止发送控制信号，驱动MII停止抑制信号，恢复MAC数据发送；
B5.向下：停止发送控制原语，恢复PMA发送；
B6.进入发送方向。
在上述实现过程中，控制模块按照预设的cycle控制域MAC和PMA层的协同，主要是通过发送控制信号触发对应原语(primitive)使能和去使能。具体地，当本发送方向处于停发期时，控制模块发送信号促使PLS_CARRIER.indication原语取值为on使能，来让MAC停止数据的发送；当从停发期恢复到发送时，则同样的方式触发该原语取值为off去使能，让MAC来恢复数据的发送。同样地，在停发期时，会发送控制信号促使PMA_LINK.request原语取值为disable让PHY进入停发期节省功耗，在恢复发送时则促使PMA_LINK.request原语取值为enable让PHY进入发送状态。
由上述实现过程可知，控制模块的功能主要用于按照预设burst长度控制数据的接收和发送，并且，控制模块与MAC层和PMA层进行协同，避免出现业务流集聚问题(示例性的，业务流聚集是指，在节点的停发期，上层业务还在往下发送数据，这样就会导致业务流在 发送端聚集；具体来说，就是物理层停发，但业务层MAC还在一直给物理层发送数据，这个时候就容易导致数据累计在物理层)。
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信装置在步骤S702所发送的第一数据头包括第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示m的取值；和/或，通信装置在步骤S702所接收的第二数据头包括第二指示信息，该第二指示信息用于指示n的取值。
具体地，通信装置在步骤S702发送的第一数据的第一数据头中可以包括用于指示m的取值的第一指示信息，以使得第一数据的接收方可以基于该第一指示信息解析该m个码字。类似地，通信装置在步骤S702接收的第二数据的第二数据头中可以包括用于指示n的取值的第二指示信息，以使得该通信装置可以基于该第二指示信息解析该n个码字。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
该第一数据头包括以下至少一项：
第三指示信息，该第三指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整请求；或，
第四指示信息，该第四指示信息用于指示接受或拒绝期望的码字数量的调整响应；或，
第五指示信息，该第五指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整确认，其中，该通信装置期望发送的码字数量的取值为m；
和/或，
该第二数据头包括以下至少一项：
第六指示信息，该第六指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整请求；或，
第七指示信息，该第七指示信息用于指示接受或拒绝期望的码字数量的调整响应；或，
第八指示信息，该第八指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整确认，其中，该第二节点期望发送的码字数量的取值为n。
基于上述技术方案，通信装置发送的第一数据的第一数据头或该通信装置接收的第二数据的第二数据头还可以基于长度调整请求(length adjustment request，LAR)、长度调整响应(length adjustment acknowledgment，LAA)以及长度调整确认(length adjustment commit，LAC)的长度调整机制，协商调整m的取值或n的取值，以实现对数据的收发速率的灵活调整。
下面将结合图14所示实现示例，对上述多个指示信息的实现过程进行示例性描述。
在图14中第一字段具体指示在突发中的FEC码字数量，即长度(Number of FEC codewords inside a Burst,Length),第二字段指示长度调整请求(length adjustment request，LAR)，第三字段指示长度调整响应(length adjustment acknowledgment，LAA)，第四字段指示长度调整确认(length adjustment commit，LAC)，第五字段指示期望的长度(ecpected length)，即期望的码字数量。
可选地，对于第五字段的实现过程，在正常运行无调整时，第一字段中的“length”h的取值和第五字段的“expected length”h的取值是一样的，而在调整过程中，二者的值有可能不一样。或者说，在LAR取值进行调整时，expected lengthh的取值和length的取值有可能不一样。
上述第一指示信息(或第二指示信息)可以通过图14所示第一字段实现。从而，接收方接收到BH后，会使用接收到的FEC码字个数指示值与实际接收到的FEC个数进行比对，如果一致则无错误进行正常处理，若有错误则统计错误次数，当达到一定次数时则进行链路质量告警。
上述第三指示信息(或第六指示信息)可以通过图14所示第二字段和第五字段联合指示。从而，接收方在接收到BH后，在确定第二字段的取值指示存在长度调整请求的情况下，需要读取第五字段并基于该第五字段所指示的“期望的码字数量”，明确发送方具备码字数量的调整请求，后续可以基于该调整请求进行LAA回复，以指示是否响应(或是否接受)该请求。
上述第四指示信息(或第七指示信息)可以通过图14所示第三字段和第五字段联合指示。从而，接收方在接收到BH后，在确定第三字段的取值指示存在长度调整响应的情况下，并根据第三字段的取值明确发送方是否响应(或是否接受)长度调整请求。
上述第五指示信息(或第八指示信息)可以通过图14所示第四字段和第五字段联合指示。从而，接收方在接收到BH后，在确定第四字段的取值指示存在长度调整确认的情况下，并根据第四字段的取值明确发送方是否确认长度调整请求。
应理解，本申请对图14所示实现方式中，不同字段的字节数(或比特数)的取值以及不同字段之间的顺序不做限定，图14所示实现方式中的不同字段的字节数(或比特数)的取值以及不同字段之间的顺序仅仅为一个实现示例。其中，图14所示实现方式中的不同字段的字节数(或比特数)的取值还可以为其他取值，图14所示实现方式中的不同字段之间的顺序还可以为其他的字段顺序，此处不做限定。此外，图14所示帧格式中的不同字段均可以独立实现。
从而，在该通信方法的运行过程中，当随着业务数据量的变化或初始配置不合理时，会存在上下行FEC码字个数需要调整的需求，不同通信装置之间可以通过协商实现对FEC码字个数的调整。
作为一种实现示例，下面结合图15所示实现方式，以应用该通信方法的主节点为ECU，从节点为照相机(Camera)，且从节点发起FEC码字数量调整的实现过程进行示例性说明。如图15所示，Camera发起LAR请求，请求调整带宽，并将期望带宽值放入Expected length字段；ECU收到请求，并根据接收到的Expected length值判断是否接受调整，若接受，则回复LAA；Camera收到ECU的LAA后，会发送LAC表示收到LAA且约定在下一个周期按照新的Expected length值进行Burst FEC发送。
基于上述技术方案，通信装置在步骤S701确定传输周期之后，在步骤S702中，该通信装置在该传输周期的该第一时域位置上发送第一数据，且，该通信装置在该传输周期的该第二时域位置上接收第二数据。其中，该传输周期包括在时域上互不重叠的第一时域位置和第二时域位置，即该通信装置在该传输周期的互不重叠的时域位置上分别执行发送数据的过程和接收数据的过程。换言之，该通信装置基于该传输周期实现双向通信的过程中，由于承载该通信装置的发送数据的时域位置与承载该通信装置的接收数据的时域位置为互 不重叠的时域位置，使得该通信装置的发送数据和该通信装置的接收数据之间在时域上相互隔离。从而，由于无需新增器件就能够降低通信装置的发送数据和接收数据之间的相互影响，相比于依赖EC技术和hybrid技术实现的双向通信过程，该方法提供的双向通信过程可以降低成本并节省功耗，以提升通信效率。
上面从方法的角度对本申请实施例进行了介绍，下面从装置的角度对本申请实施例提供的通信装置进行说明。
请参阅图16，本申请实施例提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置1600可以实现上述方法实施例中通信装置的功能，因此也能实现上述方法实施例所具备的有益效果。
该通信装置1600包括处理单元1601和收发单元1602。
该处理单元1601，用于确定传输周期，该传输周期包括在时域上互不重叠的第一时域位置和第二时域位置，其中，该第一时域位置用于承载该通信装置发送的数据，该第二时域位置用于承载该通信装置接收的数据；
该收发单元1602，用于在该传输周期的该第一时域位置上发送第一数据，且，该收发单元1602，还用于在该传输周期的该第二时域位置上接收第二数据；其中，该第一数据包括m个码字，该m个码字包括m个码字；该第二数据包括n个码字，该n个码字包括n个码字；m和n均为大于或等于1的整数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
该第一数据还包括第一数据头，该第二数据还包括第二数据头；
其中，该第一数据头对应的时域长度与该第二数据头对应的时域长度相等。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
该传输周期还包括位于该第一时域位置和该第二时域位置之间的第三时域位置；其中，该第三时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度相等。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
该传输周期还包括第四时域位置，其中，该第四时域位置的起始时刻与该传输周期的起始时刻相同，或，该第四时域位置的终止时刻与该传输周期的终止时刻相同；
该第四时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度相等。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
该第一数据头所承载的数据量为码字长度的k倍，该k小于或等于0.5，且该K大于或等于0.25。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一数据还包括第一数据头，该第二数据还包括对应的第二数据头；
其中，该第一数据头所承载的数据量与该第二数据头所承载的数据量相等。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
在该第一数据中，该m个码字为经过扰码得到的数据，该第一数据头为未经扰码得到的数据；
和/或，
在该第二数据中，该n个码字为经过扰码得到的数据，该第二数据头为未经扰码得到的数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置为从节点；
该收发单元1602，还用于接收来自主节点的配置信息，配置信息用于确定m的取值和/或n的取值；
该处理单元1601，用于根据该配置信息确定该传输周期。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该配置信息还包括：
该第三时域位置对应的时域长度，和/或，该第四时域位置对应的时域长度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置为主节点；
该处理单元1601，具体用于根据该通信装置的端口速率信息确定该传输周期。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
m不等于n。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
m个码字和n个码字均为基于FEC得到的码字。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该收发单元1602，具体用于：
在该传输周期的该第一时域位置上获取MAC帧；
基于该MAC帧发送该第一数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置还包括MAC层实体和PMA层实体，该收发单元1602包括控制模块，该收发单元1602在该传输周期的该第一时域位置上获取MAC帧包括：
在该传输周期的该第一时域位置的起始时刻，该控制模块向MAC层实体发送用于指示MAC层实体发送数据的指示信息，该控制模块向PMA层实体发送用于指示PMA层实体发送数据的指示信息；
在该传输周期的该第一时域位置的起始时刻之后且在该传输周期的该第一时域位置的终止时刻之前，该控制模块接收来自MAC层实体的该MAC帧；
在该传输周期的该第一时域位置的终止时刻，该控制模块向MAC层实体发送用于指示MAC层实体停止发送数据的指示信息，该控制模块向PMA层实体发送用于指示PMA层实体停止发送数据的指示信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置还包括PMA层实体，该收发单元1602包括控制模块，该通信装置在该传输周期的该第二时域位置上接收该第二数据包括：
在该传输周期的该第二时域位置的起始时刻，该控制模块向该PMA层实体发送用于指示接收数据的指示信息；
在该传输周期的该第二时域位置的起始时刻之后且在该传输周期的该第二时域位置的终止时刻之前，该PMA层实体接收该第二数据；
在该传输周期的该第二时域位置的终止时刻，该控制模块向该PMA层实体发送用于指示停止接收数据的指示信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该收发单元1602位于该通信装置的物理层装置(PHYSICAL LAYER DEVICE)。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
该第一数据头包括第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示m的取值；
和/或，
该第二数据头包括第二指示信息，该第二指示信息用于指示n的取值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
该第一数据头包括以下至少一项：
第三指示信息，该第三指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整请求；或，
第四指示信息，该第四指示信息用于指示接受或拒绝期望的码字数量的调整响应；或，
第五指示信息，该第五指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整确认，其中，该通信装置期望发送的码字数量的取值为m；
和/或，
该第二数据头包括以下至少一项：
第六指示信息，该第六指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整请求；或，
第七指示信息，该第七指示信息用于指示接受或拒绝期望的码字数量的调整响应；或，
第八指示信息，该第八指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整确认，其中，该第二节点期望发送的码字数量的取值为n。
需要说明的是，上述通信装置1600的各单元的信息执行过程等内容，具体可参见本申请前述所示的方法实施例中的叙述，此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种通信装置1700，参见图17所示，图17为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置1700的结构示意图。
可选的，该通信装置1700执行前述任一实施例中通信装置(例如图7所示实现方式中通信装置，图16中通信装置1600等)的功能。
可选地，图17中通信装置1800可以用于执行其它通信装置的功能。例如，当通信装置1700为主节点的情况下，通信装置1800可以用于执行从节点的功能；又如，当通信装置1700为从节点的情况下，通信装置1800可以用于执行主节点的功能。
附图17所示通信装置1700包括存储器1702和至少一个处理器1701。
可选地，处理器1701通过读取存储器1702中保存的指令实现上述实施例中的方法，或者，处理器1701也可以通过内部存储的指令实现上述实施例中的方法。在处理器1701通过读取存储器1702中保存的指令实现上述实施例中的方法的情况下，存储器1702中保存实现本申请上述实施例提供的方法的指令。
可选地，至少一个处理器1701是一个或多个CPU，或者是单核CPU，也可以是多核CPU。
存储器1702包括但不限于是RAM、ROM、EPROM、快闪存储器、或光存储器等。存储器1702中保存有操作系统的指令。
存储器1702中存储的程序指令被所述至少一个处理器1701读取后，通信装置执行前述实施例中对应的操作。
可选地，附图17所示的通信装置还包括网络接口1703。网络接口1703可以是有线接口，例如FDDI，GE接口；网络接口1703也可以是无线接口。网络接口1703用于在前述实施例中接收接收/发送数据。
处理器1701读取存储器1702中的程序指令后，通信装置1700能够执行的其他功能请参照前面各个方法实施例中的描述。
可选地，通信装置1700还包括总线1704，上述处理器1701、存储器1702通常通过总线1704相互连接，也可以采用其他方式相互连接。
可选地，通信装置1700还包括输入输出接口1705，输入输出接口1705用于与输入设备连接，接收用户、或者与通信装置1700能够联动的其他设备通过输入设备输入的相关配置信息(如m的取值、n的取值、第三时域位置对应的时域长度、第四时域位置对应的时域长度等)。输入设备包括但不限于键盘、触摸屏、麦克风等等。
本申请实施例提供的通信装置1700用于执行上述各个方法实施例提供的通信装置执行的方法，并实现对应的有益效果。
示例性，当通信装置1700执行附图7所示实施例中通信装置(或者图16中通信装置1600)的功能的情况下；通信装置1700在确定传输周期之后，该通信装置1700在该传输周期的该第一时域位置上发送第一数据，且，该通信装置1700在该传输周期的该第二时域位置上接收第二数据；相应的，通信装置1800在该传输周期的该第一时域位置上接收第一数据，且，该通信装置1800在该传输周期的该第二时域位置上发送第二数据。即该通信装置1700和通信装置1800在该传输周期的互不重叠的时域位置上分别执行发送数据的过程和接收数据的过程。换言之，该通信装置1700和通信装置1800基于该传输周期实现双向通信的过程中，对于某个通信装置(例如通信装置1700或通信装置1800)而言，由于承载发送数据的时域位置与承载接收数据的时域位置为互不重叠的时域位置，使得该通信装置的发送数据和该通信装置的接收数据之间在时域上相互隔离。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一数据包括m个码字，该第二数据包括n个码字；m和n均为大于或等于1的整数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
该第一数据还包括第一数据头，该第二数据还包括第二数据头；
其中，该第一数据头对应的时域长度与该第二数据头对应的时域长度相等。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
该传输周期还包括位于该第一时域位置和该第二时域位置之间的第三时域位置；其中，该第三时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度相等。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
该传输周期还包括第四时域位置，其中，该第四时域位置的起始时刻与该传输周期的起始时刻相同，或，该第四时域位置的终止时刻与该传输周期的终止时刻相同；
该第四时域位置对应的时域长度与该第一数据头对应的时域长度相等。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
该第一数据头所承载的数据量为码字长度的k倍，该k小于或等于0.5，且该K大于或等于0.25。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一数据还包括第一数据头，该第二数据还包括第二数据头；
其中，该第一报文头所承载的数据量与该第二报文头所承载的数据量相等。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
在该第一数据中，该m个码字为经过扰码得到的数据，该第一数据头为未经扰码得到的数据；
和/或，
在该第二数据中，该n个码字为经过扰码得到的数据，该第二数据头为未经扰码得到的数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置1700为从节点；
该通信装置1700接收来自主节点的配置信息，配置信息用于确定m的取值和/或n的取值；
该通信装置1700根据该配置信息确定该传输周期。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该配置信息还包括：
该第三时域位置对应的时域长度，和/或，该第四时域位置对应的时域长度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置1700为主节点；
该通信装置1700根据该通信装置1700的端口速率信息确定该传输周期。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
m不等于n。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
m个码字和n个码字均为基于FEC得到的码字。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
该通信装置1700在该传输周期的该第一时域位置上获取MAC帧；
该通信装置1700基于该MAC帧发送该第一数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置1700还包括MAC层实体和PMA层实体，该通信装置1700包括控制模块，该通信装置1700在该传输周期的该第一时域位置上获取MAC帧包括：
在该传输周期的该第一时域位置的起始时刻，该控制模块向MAC层实体发送用于指示MAC层实体发送数据的指示信息，该控制模块向PMA层实体发送用于指示PMA层实体发送数据的指示信息；
在该传输周期的该第一时域位置的起始时刻之后且在该传输周期的该第一时域位置的终止时刻之前，该控制模块接收来自MAC层实体的该MAC帧；
在该传输周期的该第一时域位置的终止时刻，该控制模块向MAC层实体发送用于指示MAC层实体停止发送数据的指示信息，该控制模块向PMA层实体发送用于指示PMA层实体停止发送数据的指示信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该通信装置1700还包括PMA层实体，该通信装置1700在该传输周期的该第二时域位置上接收该第二数据包括：
在该传输周期的该第二时域位置的起始时刻，该控制模块向该PMA层实体发送用于指示接收数据的指示信息；
在该传输周期的该第二时域位置的起始时刻之后且在该传输周期的该第二时域位置的终止时刻之前，该PMA层实体接收该第二数据；
在该传输周期的该第二时域位置的终止时刻，该控制模块向该PMA层实体发送用于指示停止接收数据的指示信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该收发单元位于该通信装置1700的物理层装置PHYSICAL LAYER DEVICE。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
该第一数据头包括第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示m的取值；
和/或，
该第二数据头包括第二指示信息，该第二指示信息用于指示n的取值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
该第一数据头包括以下至少一项：
第三指示信息，该第三指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整请求；或，
第四指示信息，该第四指示信息用于指示接受或拒绝期望的码字数量的调整响应；或，
第五指示信息，该第五指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整确认，其中，该通信装置1700期望发送的码字数量的取值为m；
和/或，
该第二数据头包括以下至少一项：
第六指示信息，该第六指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整请求；或，
第七指示信息，该第七指示信息用于指示接受或拒绝期望的码字数量的调整响应；或，
第八指示信息，该第八指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整确认，其中，该第二节点期望发送的码字数量的取值为n。
从而，由于无需新增器件就能够降低通信装置1700的发送数据和接收数据之间的相互影响，相比于依赖EC技术和hybrid技术实现的双向通信过程，该方法提供的双向通信过程可以降低成本并节省功耗，以提升通信效率。
图17所示通信装置1700的具体实现方式，均可以参考前述的各个方法实施例中的叙述，并实现相应的技术效果，此处不再一一赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，该单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
以上所述，以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (38)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    通信装置确定传输周期，所述传输周期包括在时域上互不重叠的第一时域位置和第二时域位置，其中，所述第一时域位置用于承载所述通信装置发送的数据，所述第二时域位置用于承载所述通信装置接收的数据；
    所述通信装置在所述传输周期的所述第一时域位置上发送第一数据，且，所述通信装置在所述传输周期的所述第二时域位置上接收第二数据。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据包括m个码字，所述第二数据包括n个码字，所述m和所述n均为大于或等于1的整数。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一数据还包括第一数据头，所述第二数据还包括第二数据头；
    其中，所述第一数据头对应的时域长度与所述第二数据头对应的时域长度相等；和/或，所述第一数据头所承载的数据量与所述第二数据头所承载的数据量相等。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述传输周期还包括位于所述第一时域位置和所述第二时域位置之间的第三时域位置；
    其中，所述第三时域位置对应的时域长度与所述第一数据头对应的时域长度相等。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述传输周期还包括第四时域位置，其中，所述第四时域位置的起始时刻与所述传输周期的起始时刻相同，或，所述第四时域位置的终止时刻与所述传输周期的终止时刻相同；
    所述第四时域位置对应的时域长度与所述第一数据头对应的时域长度相等。
  6. 根据权利要求3至5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一数据头所承载的数据量为码字长度的k倍，所述k小于或等于0.5，且所述K大于或等于0.25。
  7. 根据权利要求3至6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    在所述第一数据中，所述m个码字为经过扰码得到的数据，所述第一数据头为未经扰码得到的数据；
    和/或，
    在所述第二数据中，所述n个码字为经过扰码得到的数据，所述第二数据头为未经扰码得到的数据。
  8. 根据权利要求2至7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通信装置为从节点，所 述通信装置确定所述传输周期包括：
    所述通信装置接收来自主节点的配置信息，所述配置信息用于确定所述m的取值和/或所述n的取值；
    所述通信装置根据所述配置信息确定所述传输周期。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述配置信息还包括：
    所述第三时域位置对应的时域长度，和/或，所述第四时域位置对应的时域长度。
  10. 根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通信装置为主节点，所述通信装置确定所述传输周期包括：
    所述通信装置根据所述通信装置的端口速率信息确定所述传输周期。
  11. 根据权利要求2至10任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述m不等于所述n。
  12. 根据权利要求2至11任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述m个码字和所述n个码字均为基于前向纠错码FEC得到的码字。
  13. 根据权利要求1至12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通信装置在所述传输周期的所述第一时域位置上发送所述第一数据包括：
    所述通信装置在所述传输周期的所述第一时域位置上获取第一媒介访问控制MAC帧；
    所述通信装置基于所述MAC帧发送所述第一数据。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括MAC层实体，物理媒介适配PMA层实体和控制模块，所述通信装置在所述传输周期的所述第一时域位置上获取MAC帧包括：
    在所述传输周期的所述第一时域位置的起始时刻，所述控制模块向所述MAC层实体发送用于指示MAC层实体发送数据的指示信息，所述控制模块向所述PMA层实体发送用于指示PMA层实体发送数据的指示信息；
    在所述传输周期的所述第一时域位置的起始时刻之后且在所述传输周期的所述第一时域位置的终止时刻之前，所述控制模块接收来自所述MAC层实体的所述MAC帧；
    在所述传输周期的所述第一时域位置的终止时刻，所述控制模块向所述MAC层实体发送用于指示MAC层实体停止发送数据的指示信息，所述控制模块向所述PMA层实体发送用于指示PMA层实体停止发送数据的指示信息。
  15. 根据权利要求1至14任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括物理媒介适配PMA层实体和控制模块，所述通信装置在所述传输周期的所述第二时域位置上接收 所述第二数据包括：
    在所述传输周期的所述第二时域位置的起始时刻，所述控制模块向所述PMA层实体发送用于指示接收数据的指示信息；
    在所述传输周期的所述第二时域位置的起始时刻之后且在所述传输周期的所述第二时域位置的终止时刻之前，所述PMA层实体接收所述第二数据；
    在所述传输周期的所述第二时域位置的终止时刻，所述控制模块向所述PMA层实体发送用于指示停止接收数据的指示信息。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制模块位于所述通信装置的物理层装置PHYSICAL LAYER DEVICE。
  17. 根据权利要求3至16任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一数据头包括第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述m的取值；
    和/或，
    所述第二数据头包括第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述n的取值。
  18. 根据权利要求3至17任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一数据头包括以下至少一项：
    第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整请求；或，
    第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示接受或拒绝期望的码字数量的调整响应；或，
    第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整确认，其中，所述通信装置期望发送的码字数量的取值为所述m；
    和/或，
    所述第二数据头包括以下至少一项：
    第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整请求；或，
    第七指示信息，所述第七指示信息用于指示接受或拒绝期望的码字数量的调整响应；或，
    第八指示信息，所述第八指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整确认，其中，所述第二节点期望发送的码字数量的取值为所述n。
  19. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理单元和收发单元；
    所述处理单元，用于确定传输周期，所述传输周期包括在时域上互不重叠的第一时域位置和第二时域位置，其中，所述第一时域位置用于承载所述通信装置发送的数据，所述第二时域位置用于承载所述通信装置接收的数据；
    所述收发单元，用于在所述传输周期的所述第一时域位置上发送第一数据，且，所述收发单元，还用于在所述传输周期的所述第二时域位置上接收第二数据。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一数据包括m个码字，所述第二数据包括n个码字，所述m和所述n均为大于或等于1的整数。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一数据还包括第一数据头，所述第二数据还包括第二数据头；
    其中，所述第一数据头对应的时域长度与所述第二数据头对应的时域长度相等，和/或，所述第一数据头所承载的数据量与所述第二数据头所承载的数据量相等。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述传输周期还包括位于所述第一时域位置和所述第二时域位置之间的第三时域位置；其中，所述第三时域位置对应的时域长度与所述第一数据头对应的时域长度相等。
  23. 根据权利要求21或22所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述传输周期还包括第四时域位置，其中，所述第四时域位置的起始时刻与所述传输周期的起始时刻相同，或，所述第四时域位置的终止时刻与所述传输周期的终止时刻相同；
    所述第四时域位置对应的时域长度与所述第一数据头对应的时域长度相等。
  24. 根据权利要求21至23任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一数据头所承载的数据量为码字长度的k倍，所述k小于或等于0.5，且所述K大于或等于0.25。
  25. 根据权利要求21至24任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    在所述第一数据中，所述m个码字为经过扰码得到的数据，所述第一数据头为未经扰码得到的数据；
    和/或，
    在所述第二数据中，所述n个码字为经过扰码得到的数据，所述第二数据头为未经扰码得到的数据。
  26. 根据权利要求20至25任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置为从节点；
    所述收发单元，还用于接收来自主节点的配置信息，所述配置信息用于确定所述m的取值和/或所述n的取值；
    所述处理单元，用于根据所述配置信息确定所述传输周期。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，所述配置信息还包括：
    所述第三时域位置对应的时域长度，和/或，所述第四时域位置对应的时域长度。
  28. 根据权利要求19至25任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置为主节点；
    所述处理单元，具体用于根据所述通信装置的端口速率信息确定所述传输周期。
  29. 根据权利要求20至28任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述m不等于所述n。
  30. 根据权利要求20至29任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述m个码字和所述n个码字均为基于FEC得到的码字。
  31. 根据权利要求19至30任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，具体用于：
    在所述传输周期的所述第一时域位置上获取MAC帧；
    基于所述MAC帧发送所述第一数据。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置还包括MAC层实体和PMA层实体，所述收发单元包括控制模块，所述收发单元在所述传输周期的所述第一时域位置上获取MAC帧包括：
    在所述传输周期的所述第一时域位置的起始时刻，所述控制模块向所述MAC层实体发送用于指示MAC层实体发送数据的指示信息，所述控制模块向所述PMA层实体发送用于指示PMA层实体发送数据的指示信息；
    在所述传输周期的所述第一时域位置的起始时刻之后且在所述传输周期的所述第一时域位置的终止时刻之前，所述控制模块接收来自所述MAC层实体的所述MAC帧；
    在所述传输周期的所述第一时域位置的终止时刻，所述控制模块向所述MAC层实体发送用于指示MAC层实体停止发送数据的指示信息，所述控制模块向所述PMA层实体发送用于指示PMA层实体停止发送数据的指示信息。
  33. 根据权利要求19至32任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置还包括PMA层实体，所述收发单元包括控制模块，所述通信装置在所述传输周期的所述第二时域位置上接收所述第二数据包括：
    在所述传输周期的所述第二时域位置的起始时刻，所述控制模块向所述PMA层实体发送用于指示接收数据的指示信息；
    在所述传输周期的所述第二时域位置的起始时刻之后且在所述传输周期的所述第二时域位置的终止时刻之前，所述PMA层实体接收所述第二数据；
    在所述传输周期的所述第二时域位置的终止时刻，所述控制模块向所述PMA层实体发送用于指示停止接收数据的指示信息。
  34. 根据权利要求32或33所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元位于所述通信装置的物理层装置PHYSICAL LAYER DEVICE。
  35. 根据权利要求20至34任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一数据头包括第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述m的取值；
    和/或，
    所述第二数据头包括第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述n的取值。
  36. 根据权利要求20至35任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一数据头包括以下至少一项：
    第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整请求；或，
    第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示接受或拒绝期望的码字数量的调整响应；或，
    第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整确认，其中，所述通信装置期望发送的码字数量的取值为所述m；
    和/或，
    所述第二数据头包括以下至少一项：
    第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整请求；或，
    第七指示信息，所述第七指示信息用于指示接受或拒绝期望的码字数量的调整响应；或，
    第八指示信息，所述第八指示信息用于指示期望的码字数量的调整确认，其中，所述第二节点期望发送的码字数量的取值为所述n。
  37. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括至少一个处理器，以及与所述至少一个处理器耦合的存储器；
    所述存储器用于存储程序或指令；
    所述至少一个处理器用于执行所述程序或指令，以使所述通信装置实现如权利要求1至18任一项所述的方法。
  38. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括程序或指令，当所述程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得如权利要求1至18中任一项所述的方法被执行。
PCT/CN2023/072056 2022-02-11 2023-01-13 一种通信方法及通信装置 Ceased WO2023151452A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP23752232.1A EP4465576A4 (en) 2022-02-11 2023-01-13 COMMUNICATION METHOD AND COMMUNICATION DEVICE
US18/799,298 US20240406295A1 (en) 2022-02-11 2024-08-09 Communication method and communication apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210130429.7A CN116633707A (zh) 2022-02-11 2022-02-11 一种通信方法及通信装置
CN202210130429.7 2022-02-11

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US18/799,298 Continuation US20240406295A1 (en) 2022-02-11 2024-08-09 Communication method and communication apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023151452A1 true WO2023151452A1 (zh) 2023-08-17

Family

ID=87563537

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2023/072056 Ceased WO2023151452A1 (zh) 2022-02-11 2023-01-13 一种通信方法及通信装置

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20240406295A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP4465576A4 (zh)
CN (1) CN116633707A (zh)
WO (1) WO2023151452A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2024098313A (ja) * 2023-01-10 2024-07-23 株式会社東芝 処理装置、基地局装置、通信システム、方法及びプログラム

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110831217A (zh) * 2018-08-10 2020-02-21 华为技术有限公司 一种数据调度方法及装置
US20200396757A1 (en) * 2018-02-28 2020-12-17 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Downlink transmission resource allocation method and apparatus
WO2021012997A1 (zh) * 2019-07-25 2021-01-28 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 一种信息传输方法、装置及通信设备
CN112423273A (zh) * 2020-10-13 2021-02-26 之江实验室 协调通信方法、用户终端及计算机可读存储介质
WO2021217487A1 (zh) * 2020-04-29 2021-11-04 华为技术有限公司 一种通信方法及通信设备

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1183712C (zh) * 2002-01-11 2005-01-05 宏三科技股份有限公司 可有效控制网路频宽的系统及其频宽控制方法
US7406103B2 (en) * 2003-02-24 2008-07-29 Samsung Electronics Co, Ltd. Method and apparatus for transmitting data in Gigabit Ethernet passive optical network
US20040213170A1 (en) * 2003-04-22 2004-10-28 Gordon Bremer Extended-performance echo-canceled duplex (EP ECD) communication
US8331272B2 (en) * 2008-04-29 2012-12-11 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Aggregation of resources over multiple frames in a TDD communication system
JP5295882B2 (ja) * 2009-06-24 2013-09-18 株式会社東芝 無線通信装置
US9001714B2 (en) * 2011-09-06 2015-04-07 Broadcom Corporation Ethernet physical layer device using time division duplex
CN105871502B (zh) * 2015-01-22 2020-01-03 华为技术有限公司 一种利用以太网信道传输业务信号的方法及通信设备
US10313091B2 (en) * 2015-11-06 2019-06-04 Avago Technologies International Sales Pte. Limited Robust electromagnetic compatibility performance for in-vehicle Ethernet PHYs utilizing time division duplexing
US10963035B2 (en) * 2017-10-11 2021-03-30 Qualcomm Incorporated Low power PCIe
DE202020101364U1 (de) * 2019-03-11 2020-07-21 Marvell Asia Pte, Ltd. Verwaltung bidirektionaler Kommunikation in eingeschränkten Umgebungen
US11451365B2 (en) * 2019-03-29 2022-09-20 Nxp B.V. Communications device and method of communications

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20200396757A1 (en) * 2018-02-28 2020-12-17 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Downlink transmission resource allocation method and apparatus
CN110831217A (zh) * 2018-08-10 2020-02-21 华为技术有限公司 一种数据调度方法及装置
WO2021012997A1 (zh) * 2019-07-25 2021-01-28 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 一种信息传输方法、装置及通信设备
WO2021217487A1 (zh) * 2020-04-29 2021-11-04 华为技术有限公司 一种通信方法及通信设备
CN112423273A (zh) * 2020-10-13 2021-02-26 之江实验室 协调通信方法、用户终端及计算机可读存储介质

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP4465576A4

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4465576A1 (en) 2024-11-20
US20240406295A1 (en) 2024-12-05
CN116633707A (zh) 2023-08-22
EP4465576A4 (en) 2025-10-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6920132B1 (en) Reduced pin gigabit media independent interface
US7920597B2 (en) Method and system for low power idle signal transmission in ethernet networks
US8259716B2 (en) Method and system for physical signaling between a higher layer and a PHY to manage energy efficient network devices and/or protocols
US9225496B2 (en) Method and system for utilizing a reserved channel to manage energy efficient network protocols
JP4443601B2 (ja) 自動ネゴシエーションに基づき自動設定する送受信器
US6816505B1 (en) Chip-to-chip interface for 1000 BASE T gigabit physical layer device
TWI399948B (zh) 一種用於聯網的方法和聯網系統
US8199770B2 (en) Method and system for asymmetric operation in a network node in an energy efficient ethernet network
US20060153238A1 (en) Transfer of control data between network components
CN101465804B (zh) 一种用于联网的方法和系统
WO2007104200A1 (en) A method for transferring data from high-speed ethernet to optical transport network as well as the data interface and device thereof
US11451325B2 (en) Block generation method and apparatus, and block receiving method and apparatus
CN109428690B (zh) 以太网络的连线方法及以太网络装置
US20240406295A1 (en) Communication method and communication apparatus
US11902403B2 (en) Method for receiving code block stream, method for sending code block stream, and communications apparatus
WO2025167343A1 (zh) 一种芯片、处理装置和电子设备
CN117749970A (zh) 数据发送、接收装置、方法及芯片
EP3664371B1 (en) Switching method and apparatus
WO2025228186A1 (zh) 一种通信方法、装置、存储介质以及计算机程序产品
CN121940468A (zh) 一种用于高速以太网的数据卸载和帧重构优化方法及系统
CN119728806A (zh) 一种数据传输系统、数据接收方法及数据发送方法
HK1134602A (zh) 一种用於联网的方法和系统

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 23752232

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2023752232

Country of ref document: EP

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2023752232

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20240812

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE