WO2023151604A1 - 一种叠层太阳能电池及其应用 - Google Patents
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Definitions
- the present application relates to the field of photovoltaics, and relates to a stacked solar cell and its application.
- Photovoltaic power generation is one of the most promising ways to provide the world with sustainable, clean and low-cost energy. By improving the power conversion efficiency of modules per unit area, it is an effective means to reduce the total cost of photovoltaic power generation installations.
- perovskite materials have attracted significant attention in photovoltaic research due to their excellent optoelectronic properties and low fabrication cost.
- the perovskite/silicon tandem stack has rapidly developed into a new technology, and its reported photoelectric conversion efficiency has also exceeded the limit efficiency of crystalline silicon cells, while the theoretical efficiency can reach 44%, which is expected to become the next generation of new photovoltaic cells. technology.
- perovskite/crystalline silicon stacked cells Based on perovskite/crystalline silicon stacked cells, its working principle is to use different band gaps to absorb different sunlight spectra to improve the conversion efficiency of the cell.
- Wide band gap perovskite absorbs short-wavelength light, and longer-wavelength light transmits. Go in and let the narrow bandgap silicon solar cells absorb.
- the bottom cell of the tandem cell mainly adopts the heterojunction formed on the base of N-type silicon, and the reported efficiency of the perovskite/heterojunction tandem cell reaches 29.8%.
- p-type solar cells in the photovoltaic industry have a large production capacity and low cost. On this basis, there are obvious advantages in making perovskite and p-type stacks.
- the prior art discloses a new type of solar cell based on perovskite and crystalline silicon back passivation tandem solar cell and its manufacturing method, including a bottom cell and a top cell, the upper electrode is fixedly connected to the top cell, and An intermediate layer is arranged between them, and the bottom cell is a crystalline silicon back passivation cell, wherein the crystalline silicon back passivation cell includes an n-type polysilicon film, a tunneling silicon oxide film, a p-type silicon substrate, a back passivation layer and a metal
- the lower electrode, N-type silicon and perovskite stack has a high cost, not suitable for low Cost of mass production.
- Another prior art discloses a perovskite/crystalline silicon stack cell and its preparation method.
- the stack cell includes a perovskite top cell and a tunnel oxide layer passivation contact silicon bottom cell. Doped polysilicon and the hole transport layer of the perovskite cell directly form the tunnel junction of the stacked cell.
- Another prior art discloses an N-type TOPCon battery with a quantum well structure and its manufacturing method, in which a P+ doped layer is superimposed on an n-type silicon substrate, but the front of the battery is p-type doped with the N-type TOPCon as the bottom In the region, there are many surface defects in the battery, and the perovskite connected in front will cause efficiency loss.
- the purpose of this application is to provide a low-cost, large-scale and high-efficiency tandem solar cell and its application.
- One of the purposes of the present application is to provide a stacked solar cell, which includes a p-type silicon layer, a connection layer, a perovskite layer and an electrode layer, and the connection layer includes a first connection layer, a second connection layer and The third connection layer, the electrodes include a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer.
- the front side of the p-type silicon layer is provided with a first connection layer, a perovskite layer, a second connection layer and a first electrode layer connected in sequence, and the p-type silicon layer
- the back side is provided with a third connection layer and a second electrode layer connected in sequence.
- the stacked battery is used, and the efficiency is significantly improved compared with the single-junction battery, and the p-type silicon layer is selected.
- the p-type silicon material is cheaper, and the p-type silicon material is used to form the stack, which can Effectively reduce production costs.
- the p-type silicon layer includes p-type monocrystalline silicon and/or p-type polycrystalline silicon.
- the resistivity of the p-type silicon layer is 0.0001-1000ohm ⁇ cm, wherein the resistivity can be 0.0001ohm ⁇ cm, 0.001ohm ⁇ cm, 0.005ohm ⁇ cm, 0.01ohm ⁇ cm, 0.05ohm ⁇ cm, 0.1ohm ⁇ cm, 0.5ohm ⁇ cm, 1ohm ⁇ cm, 10ohm ⁇ cm, 100ohm ⁇ cm, 200ohm ⁇ cm, 300ohm ⁇ cm, 400ohm ⁇ cm, 500ohm ⁇ cm, 600ohm ⁇ cm, 700ohm ⁇ cm, 800ohm ⁇ cm, 900ohm ⁇ cm cm or 1000ohm ⁇ cm, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values within this range are also applicable.
- the thickness of the p-type silicon layer is 1-500 ⁇ m, wherein the thickness can be 1 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m, 150 ⁇ m, 200 ⁇ m, 250 ⁇ m, 300 ⁇ m, 350 ⁇ m, 400 ⁇ m, 450 ⁇ m or 500 ⁇ m, etc., but not limited to the listed Numerical values, other unlisted numerical values within this numerical range are also applicable.
- the structure of the material of the perovskite layer is a three-dimensional crystal structure.
- the material of the perovskite layer is ABX 3 wherein, A includes any one or a combination of at least two of FA, MA, Cs or Rb, wherein the combination is typical but not limiting Examples include: the combination of FA and MA, the combination of MA and Cs, the combination of Cs and Rb or the combination of MA and Rb, etc., B includes any one of Pb, Sn or Sr or a combination of at least two, wherein all Typical but non-limiting examples of the combination are: a combination of Pb and Sn, a combination of Sn and Sr, or a combination of Pb and Sr, etc.
- X includes any one of Br, I or CI or a combination of at least two of them, wherein Typical but non-limiting examples of the combination include: the combination of Br and I, the combination of I and CI or the combination of Br and CI, etc.
- the thickness of the perovskite layer is 10-3000nm, wherein the thickness can be 10nm, 100nm, 200nm, 300nm, 400nm, 500nm, 600nm, 700nm, 800nm, 900nm, 1000nm, 1100nm , 1200nm, 1300nm, 1400nm, 1500nm, 1600nm, 1700nm, 1800nm, 1900nm, 2000nm, 2100nm, 2200nm, 2300nm, 2400nm, 2500nm, 2600nm, 2700nm, 2800nm, 2900nm or 3000nm, etc., but not limited to the listed value, the value Other unrecited values within the range also apply.
- the first connection layer, the second connection layer and the third connection layer each independently include an n-type layer and/or a p-type layer.
- the p-type layer includes a hole transport layer or a p-type polysilicon layer.
- the n-type layer includes an electron transport layer or an n-type polysilicon layer.
- the number of n-type layers ⁇ 1, wherein the number can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values within this range are also applicable.
- the material of the electron transport layer includes any one or a combination of at least two of SnO 2 , TiO 2 , ZnO, BaSnO 3 , C 60 , graphene or fullerene derivatives ,
- said combination typical but non-limiting example has: the combination of SnO 2 and TiO 2 , the combination of TiO 2 and ZnO , the combination of ZnO and BaSnO 3 , the combination of BaSnO 3 and C 60 , the combination of C 60 and graphene or Combinations of graphene and fullerene derivatives, etc.
- the material of the hole transport layer includes any one or at least two of P3HT , Spiro-meoTAD, PEDOT:PSS, nickel oxide, PTAA, MoO3 , CuSCN, Cu2O , CuI or Spiro-TTB Combinations, where typical but non-limiting examples of such combinations are: combinations of P3HT and Spiro-meoTAD, combinations of Spiro-meoTAD and PEDOT:PSS, combinations of PEDOT:PSS and nickel oxide, combinations of nickel oxide and PTAA, The combination of PTAA and MoO 3 , the combination of MoO 3 and CuSCN, the combination of CuSCN and Cu 2 O, the combination of Cu 2 O and CuI or the combination of CuI and Spiro-TTB, etc.
- the thickness of the electron transport layer is 1-1000nm, wherein the thickness can be 50nm, 100nm, 150nm, 200nm, 250nm, 300nm, 350nm, 400nm, 450nm, 500nm, 550nm, 600nm , 650nm, 700nm, 750nm, 800nm, 850nm, 900nm, 950nm or 1000nm, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values within the range are also applicable.
- the thickness of the hole transport layer is 1-1000nm, wherein the thickness can be 50nm, 100nm, 150nm, 200nm, 250nm, 300nm, 350nm, 400nm, 450nm, 500nm, 550nm, 600nm, 650nm, 700nm, 750nm, 800nm , 850nm, 900nm, 950nm or 1000nm, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values within this range are also applicable.
- the material of the n-type polysilicon layer includes n-type polysilicon.
- the material of the p-type polysilicon layer includes p-type polysilicon.
- the thickness of the n-type polysilicon layer is 1-200nm, wherein the thickness can be 20nm, 40nm, 60nm, 80nm, 100nm, 120nm, 140nm, 160nm, 180nm or 200nm, etc., but not limited to the listed values, the values Other unrecited values within the range also apply.
- the thickness of the p-type polysilicon layer is 1-200nm, wherein the thickness can be 20nm, 40nm, 60nm, 80nm, 100nm, 120nm, 140nm, 160nm, 180nm or 200nm, etc., but not limited to the listed values, the values Other unrecited values within the range also apply.
- phosphorus-doped amorphous silicon is used as the n-type polysilicon, which is activated at high temperature to form polysilicon.
- the p-type polysilicon uses boron-doped amorphous silicon, which is activated at high temperature to form polysilicon.
- the first connection layer, the second connection layer and the third connection layer also independently include a transparent conductive electrode layer, a buffer layer, a tunneling layer, a passivation layer or an anti-reflection layer. Any one or a combination of at least two, wherein the typical but non-limiting examples of the combination are: A combination of a bright conductive electrode layer and a buffer layer, a combination of a buffer layer and a tunneling layer, a combination of a tunneling layer and a passivation layer, or a combination of a passivation layer and an antireflection layer, etc.
- the material of the transparent conductive electrode layer includes any one or a combination of at least two of ITO, IZO, AZO, BZO or silver nanowires, wherein the typical but non-limiting examples of the combination are : the combination of ITO and IZO, the combination of IZO and AZO, the combination of AZO and BZO or the combination of BZO and silver nanowires, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values in this range are also applicable.
- the thickness of the transparent conductive electrode layer is 1-1000nm, wherein the thickness can be 50nm, 100nm, 150nm, 200nm, 250nm, 300nm, 350nm, 400nm, 450nm, 500nm, 550nm, 600nm, 650nm, 700nm, 750nm, 800nm, 850nm, 900nm, 950nm or 1000nm, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values within this range are also applicable.
- the material of the buffer layer includes SnO 2 and/or MoO 3 .
- the thickness of the buffer layer is 1-1000nm, wherein the thickness can be 50nm, 100nm, 150nm, 200nm, 250nm, 300nm, 350nm, 400nm, 450nm, 500nm, 550nm, 600nm, 650nm, 700nm, 750nm, 800nm, 850nm, 900nm, 950nm or 1000nm, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values within this range are also applicable.
- the material of the tunneling layer includes any one or a combination of at least two of SiO 2 , nc-Si:H or nc-SiO 2 , wherein the combination is typical but not limiting Prominent examples are: the combination of SiO 2 and nc-Si:H, the combination of nc-Si:H and nc-SiO 2 or the combination of SiO 2 and nc-SiO 2 .
- the thickness of the tunneling layer is 1-100nm, wherein the thickness can be 10nm, 20nm, 30nm, 40nm, 50nm, 60nm, 70nm, 80nm, 90nm or 100nm, etc., but not only Limited to the listed numerical values, other unlisted numerical values within this numerical range are also applicable.
- the tunneling layer in this application is composed of at least one layer of a single substance or a mixture, and has the function of collecting and transporting carriers.
- the material of the passivation layer includes any one or a combination of at least two of PEAI, FPEAI, EDTA, PMMA, Al 2 O 3 , silicon nitride, or silicon oxynitride, wherein Typical but non-limiting examples of such combinations are: combinations of PEAI and FPEAI, FPEAI and EDTA The combination of EDTA and PMMA, the combination of PMMA and Al 2 O 3 , the combination of Al 2 O 3 and silicon nitride or the combination of silicon nitride and silicon oxynitride, etc.
- the material of the passivation layer in the present application independently includes any one or a combination of at least two of terminal functional groups such as -COOH, -OH, -NH 2 , -SH, -CN, -SCN.
- terminal functional groups such as -COOH, -OH, -NH 2 , -SH, -CN, -SCN.
- Typical but non-limiting examples of the combination are: the combination of -COOH and -OH, the combination of -OH and -NH 2 , the combination of -NH 2 and -SH, the combination of -SH and -CN or the combination of -CN and - Combinations of SCNs, etc.
- the material of the antireflection layer includes LiF and/or MgF 2 .
- the thickness of the antireflection layer is 1-500nm, wherein the thickness can be 50nm, 100nm, 150nm, 200nm, 250nm, 300nm, 350nm, 400nm, 450nm or 500nm, etc., but not only Limited to the listed numerical values, other unlisted numerical values within this numerical range are also applicable.
- the material of the electrode layer includes any one or a combination of at least two of silver, aluminum, gold, copper, titanium, chromium, nickel or palladium, wherein the combination is typical but not Limiting examples are: combinations of silver and aluminum, aluminum and gold, gold and copper, copper and titanium, titanium and chromium, chromium and nickel or nickel and palladium, and the like.
- the thickness of the electrode layer is 1-1000nm, wherein the thickness can be 50nm, 100nm, 150nm, 200nm, 250nm, 300nm, 350nm, 400nm, 450nm, 500nm, 550nm, 600nm, 650nm, 700nm, 750nm, 800nm, 850nm, 900nm, 950nm or 1000nm, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values within this range are also applicable.
- the second purpose of the present application is to provide an application of the tandem solar cell according to the first purpose, and the tandem solar cell is applied in the photovoltaic field.
- the solar cell prepared by the present application is compatible with the production process of the existing p-type solar cell.
- the perovskite/p-type crystalline silicon stacked solar cell prepared in the present application has lower production cost.
- the solar cell prepared by the present application can solve the efficiency bottleneck problem of p-type silicon.
- Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a tandem solar cell provided in a specific embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a tandem solar cell in Example 1 of the present application.
- Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a tandem solar cell in Example 2 of the present application.
- Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a tandem solar cell in Example 3 of the present application.
- the application provides a stacked solar cell (as shown in Figure 1), the solar cell includes a p-type silicon layer 1, a connection layer, a perovskite layer 2 and an electrode layer, the connection layer includes a first connection layer 3, The second connection layer 4 and the third connection layer 5 , the electrodes include a first electrode layer 6 and a second electrode layer 7 .
- the front side of the p-type silicon layer 1 is provided with a first connection layer 3, a perovskite layer 2, a second connection layer 4 and a first electrode layer 6 connected in sequence, and the back side of the p-type silicon layer 1 is provided with a connection layer connected in sequence.
- the stacked battery is used, and the efficiency is significantly improved compared with the single-junction battery, and the p-type silicon layer 1 is selected.
- the p-type silicon material is cheaper than the n-type silicon material, and the p-type silicon material is used to form the stack. Can effectively reduce production costs.
- the p-type silicon layer 1 includes p-type single crystal silicon.
- the resistivity of the p-type silicon layer 1 is 0.001 ⁇ 1000 ohm ⁇ cm.
- the resistivity of the p-type silicon layer is 0.0001-1000ohm ⁇ cm, wherein the resistivity can be 0.0001ohm ⁇ cm, 0.001ohm ⁇ cm, 0.005ohm ⁇ cm, 0.01ohm ⁇ cm, 0.05ohm ⁇ cm, 0.1ohm ⁇ cm, 0.5ohm ⁇ cm, 1ohm ⁇ cm, 10ohm ⁇ cm, 100ohm ⁇ cm, 200ohm ⁇ cm, 300ohm ⁇ cm, 400ohm ⁇ cm, 500ohm ⁇ cm, 600ohm ⁇ cm, 700ohm ⁇ cm, 800ohm ⁇ cm, 900ohm ⁇ cm cm or 1000ohm ⁇ cm, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values within this range are also applicable.
- the p-type silicon layer 1 has a thickness of 1-500 ⁇ m.
- the thickness can be 1 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m, 150 ⁇ m, 200 ⁇ m, 250 ⁇ m, 300 ⁇ m, 350 ⁇ m, 400 ⁇ m, 450 ⁇ m or 500 ⁇ m, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values within this range are also applicable.
- the material structure of the perovskite layer 2 is a three-dimensional crystal structure.
- the material of the perovskite layer 2 is ABX 3 , wherein A includes any one or a combination of at least two of FA, MA, Cs or Rb. Wherein, A includes any one or a combination of at least two of FA, MA, Cs or Rb, B includes any one or a combination of at least two of Pb, Sn or Sr, and X includes Br, I or CI any one or a combination of at least two.
- Typical but non-limiting examples of combinations are: the combination of FA and MA, the combination of MA and Cs, the combination of Cs and Rb or the combination of MA and Rb, etc.
- B includes any one or at least two of Pb, Sn or Sr
- the combination wherein the typical but non-limiting examples of the combination are: the combination of Pb and Sn, the combination of Sn and Sr or the combination of Pb and Sr, etc.
- X includes any one or at least two of Br, I or CI
- the typical but non-limiting examples of the combination are: the combination of Br and I, the combination of I and CI or the combination of Br and CI, etc.
- the thickness of the perovskite layer 2 is 10-3000 nm.
- the thickness of the perovskite layer is 10-3000nm, wherein the thickness can be 10nm, 100nm, 200nm, 300nm, 400nm, 500nm, 600nm, 700nm, 800nm, 900nm, 1000nm, 1100nm, 1200nm, 1300nm, 1400nm, 1500nm, 1600nm, 1700nm, 1800nm, 1900nm, 2000nm, 2100nm, 2200nm, 2300nm, 2400nm, 2500nm, 2600nm, 2700nm, 2800nm, 2900nm or 3000nm, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values within the range are also applicable .
- first connection layer 3 , the second connection layer 4 and the third connection layer 5 each independently include an n-type layer and/or a p-type layer.
- the p-type layer includes a hole transport layer or a p-type polysilicon layer.
- the n-type layer includes an electron transport layer or an n-type polysilicon layer.
- the number of the p-type layers is ⁇ 1. Wherein said number may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, etc., but not limited to the enumerated numerical values, and other unenumerated numerical values within this numerical range are also applicable.
- the material of the electron transport layer includes any one or a combination of at least two of SnO 2 , TiO 2 , ZnO, BaSnO 3 , C 60 , graphene or fullerene derivatives.
- Typical but non-limiting examples of the combinations are: the combination of SnO 2 and TiO 2 , the combination of TiO 2 and ZnO, the combination of ZnO The combination of BaSnO 3 , BaSnO 3 and C 60 , the combination of C 60 and graphene or the combination of graphene and fullerene derivatives, etc.
- the material of the hole transport layer includes any one or a combination of at least two of P3HT, Spiro-meoTAD, PEDOT:PSS, NiOx, PTAA, MoO 3 , CuSCN, Cu 2 O, CuI or Spiro-TTB.
- the thickness of the electron transport layer is 0-1000 nm, excluding 0.
- the thickness of the electron transport layer is 1-1000nm, wherein the thickness may be 50nm, 100nm, 150nm, 200nm, 250nm, 300nm, 350nm, 400nm, 450nm, 500nm, 550nm, 600nm, 650nm, 700nm, 750nm, 800nm, 850nm, 900nm, 950nm or 1000nm, etc., but not limited to the enumerated numerical values, other unenumerated numerical values within this numerical range are also applicable.
- the thickness of the hole transport layer is 1-1000nm.
- the thickness can be 50nm, 100nm, 150nm, 200nm, 250nm, 300nm, 350nm, 400nm, 450nm, 500nm, 550nm, 600nm, 650nm, 700nm, 750nm, 800nm, 850nm, 900nm, 950nm or 1000nm, etc., but not limited to For the listed values, other unlisted values within the range of values are also applicable.
- the material of the n-type polysilicon layer includes n-type polysilicon.
- the n-type polysilicon layer has a thickness of 1-200 nm.
- the thickness of the n-type polysilicon layer is 1-200nm, wherein the thickness can be 20nm, 40nm, 60nm, 80nm, 100nm, 120nm, 140nm, 160nm, 180nm or 200nm, etc., but not limited to the listed values, the values Other unrecited values within the range also apply.
- the material of the p-type polysilicon layer includes p-type polysilicon.
- the thickness of the p-type polysilicon layer is 1-200nm.
- the thickness of the p-type polysilicon layer is 1-200nm, wherein the thickness can be 20nm, 40nm, 60nm, 80nm, 100nm, 120nm, 140nm, 160nm, 180nm or 200nm, etc., but not limited to the listed values, the values Other unrecited values within the range also apply.
- phosphorus-doped amorphous silicon is used as the n-type polysilicon, which is activated at high temperature to form polysilicon.
- the p-type polysilicon uses boron-doped amorphous silicon, which is activated at high temperature to form polysilicon.
- first connection layer 3, the second connection layer 4 and the third connection layer 5 also independently include any one of a transparent conductive electrode layer, a buffer layer, a tunneling layer, a passivation layer or an anti-reflection layer one or a combination of at least two.
- Typical but non-limiting examples of the combinations are: transparent conductive A combination of an electrode layer and a buffer layer, a combination of a buffer layer and a tunneling layer, a combination of a tunneling layer and a passivation layer, or a combination of a passivation layer and an anti-reflection layer, etc.
- the material of the transparent conductive electrode layer includes any one or a combination of at least two of ITO, IZO, AZO, BZO or silver nanowires.
- Typical but non-limiting examples of combinations include: the combination of ITO and IZO, the combination of IZO and AZO, the combination of AZO and BZO or the combination of BZO and silver nanowires, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other values within the range Values not listed also apply.
- the thickness of the transparent conductive electrode layer is 1-1000 nm.
- the thickness can be 50nm, 100nm, 150nm, 200nm, 250nm, 300nm, 350nm, 400nm, 450nm, 500nm, 550nm, 600nm, 650nm, 700nm, 750nm, 800nm, 850nm, 900nm, 950nm or 1000nm, etc., but not limited to For the listed values, other unlisted values within the range of values are also applicable.
- the material of the buffer layer includes SnO 2 and/or MoO 3 .
- the buffer layer has a thickness of 1-1000 nm.
- the thickness can be 50nm, 100nm, 150nm, 200nm, 250nm, 300nm, 350nm, 400nm, 450nm, 500nm, 550nm, 600nm, 650nm, 700nm, 750nm, 800nm, 850nm, 900nm, 950nm or 1000nm, etc., but not limited to For the listed values, other unlisted values within the range of values are also applicable.
- the material of the tunneling layer includes any one of SiO 2 , nc-Si:H or nc-SiOx or a combination of only two of them.
- the thickness of the tunneling layer is 1-100 nm. Wherein the thickness can be 10nm, 20nm, 30nm, 40nm, 50nm, 60nm, 70nm, 80nm, 90nm or 100nm, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values within this range are also applicable.
- the tunneling layer in this application is composed of at least one layer of a single substance or a mixture, and has the function of collecting and transporting carriers.
- the material of the passivation layer includes any one or a combination of at least two of PEAI, FPEAI, EDTA, PMMA, Al 2 O 3 , SiNx or silicon oxynitride.
- said combination typical but non -limiting example has: the combination of PEAI and FPEAI, the combination of FPEAI and EDTA, the combination of EDTA and PMMA, the combination of PMMA and Al2O3 , the combination of Al2O3 and silicon nitride or Combinations of silicon nitride and silicon oxynitride, etc.
- the materials of the passivation layer in this application independently include -COOH, -OH, -NH 2 , -SH, Any one or a combination of at least two of terminal functional groups such as -CN and -SCN.
- Typical but non-limiting examples of the combination are: the combination of -COOH and -OH, the combination of -OH and -NH 2 , the combination of -NH 2 and -SH, the combination of -SH and -CN or the combination of -CN and - Combinations of SCNs, etc.
- the material of the anti-reflection layer includes LiF and/or MgF 2 .
- the thickness of the anti-reflection layer is 1-500 nm. Wherein the thickness can be 50nm, 100nm, 150nm, 200nm, 250nm, 300nm, 350nm, 400nm, 450nm or 500nm, etc., but not limited to the listed values, other unlisted values within this range are also applicable.
- the material of the electrode layer includes any one or a combination of at least two of silver, aluminum, gold, copper, titanium, chromium, nickel or palladium.
- the thickness of the electrode layer is 1-1000 nm.
- the thickness can be 50nm, 100nm, 150nm, 200nm, 250nm, 300nm, 350nm, 400nm, 450nm, 500nm, 550nm, 600nm, 650nm, 700nm, 750nm, 800nm, 850nm, 900nm, 950nm or 1000nm, etc., but not limited to For the listed values, other unlisted values within the range of values are also applicable.
- This embodiment provides a method for preparing a tandem solar cell as shown in Figure 2:
- the p-type single crystal silicon with a thickness of 180 ⁇ m is used as a substrate, and conventional texturing, hydrofluoric acid and RCA standard cone cleaning are performed.
- a silicon nitride layer with a thickness of 75 nm is deposited on the p-type polysilicon by PECVD equipment.
- Ag electrodes are formed on the back surface by screen printing.
- a 20nm electron transport layer SnO 2 is deposited on the buffer layer by ALD equipment.
- This embodiment provides a method for preparing a tandem solar cell as shown in Figure 3:
- the p-type single crystal silicon with a thickness of 180 ⁇ m is used as a substrate, and conventional texturing, hydrofluoric acid and RCA standard cone cleaning are performed.
- a layer of ultra-thin tunneling silicon dioxide with a thickness of 2nm is prepared on both sides of single crystal silicon by APCVD.
- a silicon nitride layer with a thickness of 50 nm is deposited on the p-type doped polysilicon layer by PECVD equipment.
- Ag electrodes are formed on the back surface by screen printing.
- a 20nm electron transport layer SnO 2 is deposited on the buffer layer by ALD equipment.
- This embodiment provides a method for preparing a tandem solar cell as shown in Figure 4:
- the p-type single crystal silicon with a thickness of 180 ⁇ m is used as a substrate, and conventional texturing, hydrofluoric acid and RCA standard cone cleaning are performed.
- a layer of ultra-thin tunneling silicon oxide with a thickness of 2nm is simultaneously prepared on the front and back of the single crystal silicon substrate.
- a silicon nitride layer with a thickness of 100 nm is deposited on the n-type doped polysilicon layer by PECVD equipment.
- a 50nm electron transport layer SnO 2 is deposited on the p-type doped polysilicon layer by spin coating.
- a hole transport layer Spiro-meoTAD was deposited on the perovskite layer by spin coating with a thickness of 200 nm.
- a buffer layer MoO 3 with a thickness of 18 nm is deposited on the hole transport layer by thermal evaporation equipment.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (20)
- 一种叠层太阳能电池,其特征在于,所述太阳能电池包括p型硅层(1)、连接层、钙钛矿层(2)和电极层,所述连接层包括第一连接层(3)、第二连接层(4)和第三连接层(5),所述电极包括第一电极层(6)和第二电极层(7);沿远离所述p型硅层(1)的方向,所述p型硅层(1)的正面设置有依次连接的所述第一连接层(3)、钙钛矿层(2)、第二连接层(4)和第一电极层(6);所述p型硅层(1)的背面设置有依次连接的第三连接层(5)和第二电极层(7)。
- 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池,其特征在于,所述p型硅层(1)包括p型单晶硅和/或p型多晶硅。
- 根据权利要求2所述的太阳能电池,其特征在于,所述p型硅层(1)的电阻率为0.0001~1000ohm·cm;所述p型硅层(1)的厚度为1~500μm。
- 根据权利要求1~3任一项所述的太阳能电池,其特征在于,所述钙钛矿层(2)的材料的结构为三维晶体结构。
- 根据权利要求4所述的太阳能电池,其特征在于,所述钙钛矿层(2)的材料为ABX3,其中,A包括FA、MA、Cs或Rb中的任意一种或至少两种的组合,B包括Pb、Sn或Sr中的任意一种或至少两种的组合,X包括Br、I或CI中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
- 根据权利要求5所述的太阳能电池,其特征在于,所述钙钛矿层(2)的厚度为10~3000nm。
- 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的太阳能电池,其特征在于,所述第一连接层(3)、第二连接层(4)和第三连接层(5)分别独立地包括n型层和/或p型层;所述p型层包括空穴传输层或p型多晶硅层;所述n型层包括电子传输层或n型多晶硅层。
- 根据权利要求7所述的太阳能电池,其特征在于,所述p型层的数量≥1;所述n型层的数量≥1。
- 根据权利要求7所述的太阳能电池,其特征在于,所述电子传输层的材料包括SnO2、TiO2、ZnO、BaSnO3、C60、石墨烯或富勒烯衍生物中的任意一种或至少两种的组合;所述空穴传输层的材料包括P3HT、Spiro-meoTAD、PEDOT:PSS、氧化镍、PTAA、MoO3、CuSCN、Cu2O、CuI或Spiro-TTB中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
- 根据权利要求9所述的太阳能电池,其特征在于,所述电子传输层的厚度为1~1000nm;所述空穴传输层的厚度为1~1000nm。
- 根据权利要求10所述的太阳能电池,其特征在于,所述n型多晶硅层的材料包括n型多晶硅;所述p型多晶硅层的材料包括p型多晶硅。
- 根据权利要求11所述的太阳能电池,其特征在于,所述n型多晶硅层的厚度为1~200nm;所述p型多晶硅层的厚度为1~200nm。
- 根据权利要求7~12任一项所述的太阳能电池,其特征在于,所述第一连接层(3)、第二连接层(4)和第三连接层(5)还分别独立的包括透明导电电极层、缓冲层、隧穿层、钝化层或减反射层中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
- 根据权利要求13所述的太阳能电池,其特征在于,所述透明导电电极层的材料包括ITO、IZO、AZO、BZO或银纳米线中的任意一种或至少两种的组合.所述缓冲层的材料包括SnO2和/或MoO3;所述隧穿层的材料包括SiO2、nc-Si:H或nc-SiO2中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
- 根据权利要求14所述的太阳能电池,其特征在于,所述透明导电电极层的厚度为1~1000nm;所述缓冲层的厚度为1~1000nm;所述隧穿层的厚度为1~100nm。
- 根据权利要求13~15任一项所述的太阳能电池,其特征在于,所述钝化层的材料包括PEAI、FPEAI、EDTA、PMMA、Al2O3、氮化硅或氮氧化硅中的任意一种或至少两种的组合;所述减反射层的材料包括LiF和/或MgF2。
- 根据权利要求16所述的太阳能电池,其特征在于,所述减反射层的厚度为1~500nm。
- 根据权利要求1-17任一项所述的太阳能电池,其特征在于,所述电 极层的材料包括银、铝、金、铜、钛、铬、镍或钯中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
- 根据权利要求18所述的太阳能电池,其特征在于,所述电极层的厚度为1~1000nm。
- 一种如权利要求1-19任一项所述的叠层太阳能电池的应用,其特征在于,所述叠层电池应用于光伏领域。
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| EP23752384.0A EP4478860A4 (en) | 2022-02-10 | 2023-02-08 | LAMINATED SOLAR CELL AND APPLICATION THEREOF |
| US18/837,266 US20250176348A1 (en) | 2022-02-10 | 2023-02-08 | Laminated solar cell and application thereof |
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| CN117412616A (zh) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-01-16 | 淮安捷泰新能源科技有限公司 | 一种含钙钛矿/TOPCon叠层电池的光伏组件及其制备方法 |
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| CN114628438A (zh) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-06-14 | 天合光能股份有限公司 | 一种叠层太阳能电池及其应用 |
| CN115425110B (zh) * | 2022-08-05 | 2024-12-10 | 深圳黑晶光电技术有限公司 | 钙钛矿晶硅叠层太阳能电池晶硅底电池的制作方法及电池 |
| CN115425094A (zh) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-12-02 | 深圳黑晶光电技术有限公司 | 钙钛矿/晶硅叠层太阳能电池及其制备方法 |
| CN117241600A (zh) * | 2023-11-14 | 2023-12-15 | 无锡华晟光伏科技有限公司 | 三结叠层电池及其制备方法 |
| CN117835710A (zh) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-04-05 | 天合光能股份有限公司 | 太阳电池以及叠层太阳电池 |
| EP4629786A1 (en) * | 2024-04-01 | 2025-10-08 | Jinko Solar (Haining) Co., Ltd. | Solar cell, photovoltaic module and method for forming solar cell |
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| EP4478860A1 (en) | 2024-12-18 |
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