WO2023165109A1 - 光纤放大器 - Google Patents

光纤放大器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023165109A1
WO2023165109A1 PCT/CN2022/118217 CN2022118217W WO2023165109A1 WO 2023165109 A1 WO2023165109 A1 WO 2023165109A1 CN 2022118217 W CN2022118217 W CN 2022118217W WO 2023165109 A1 WO2023165109 A1 WO 2023165109A1
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Prior art keywords
fiber
pumping
gain
optical fiber
lasers
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2022/118217
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
颜鹏晖
黄保
闫大鹏
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Wuhan Raycus Fiber Laser Technologies Co Ltd
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Wuhan Raycus Fiber Laser Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to EP22854453.2A priority Critical patent/EP4266514A4/en
Publication of WO2023165109A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023165109A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
    • H01S3/06758—Tandem amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S2301/00—Functional characteristics
    • H01S2301/02—ASE (amplified spontaneous emission), noise; Reduction thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S2301/00—Functional characteristics
    • H01S2301/03—Suppression of nonlinear conversion, e.g. specific design to suppress for example stimulated brillouin scattering [SBS], mainly in optical fibres in combination with multimode pumping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S2301/00—Functional characteristics
    • H01S2301/04—Gain spectral shaping, flattening
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/005—Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
    • H01S3/0064—Anti-reflection devices, e.g. optical isolaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
    • H01S3/094003—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light the pumped medium being a fibre
    • H01S3/094007—Cladding pumping, i.e. pump light propagating in a clad surrounding the active core
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
    • H01S3/094049—Guiding of the pump light
    • H01S3/094053—Fibre coupled pump, e.g. delivering pump light using a fibre or a fibre bundle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
    • H01S3/094084—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light with pump light recycling, i.e. with reinjection of the unused pump light, e.g. by reflectors or circulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
    • H01S3/0941—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode
    • H01S3/09415—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode the pumping beam being parallel to the lasing mode of the pumped medium, e.g. end-pumping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/14—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range characterised by the material used as the active medium
    • H01S3/16—Solid materials
    • H01S3/1601—Solid materials characterised by an active (lasing) ion
    • H01S3/1603—Solid materials characterised by an active (lasing) ion rare earth
    • H01S3/1608—Solid materials characterised by an active (lasing) ion rare earth erbium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/14—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range characterised by the material used as the active medium
    • H01S3/16—Solid materials
    • H01S3/1601—Solid materials characterised by an active (lasing) ion
    • H01S3/1603—Solid materials characterised by an active (lasing) ion rare earth
    • H01S3/1618—Solid materials characterised by an active (lasing) ion rare earth ytterbium

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of lasers, in particular to an optical fiber amplifier.
  • Fiber lasers have the advantages of good beam quality, high efficiency, good heat dissipation, compact structure, high reliability, and easy maintenance, and have attracted widespread attention.
  • high-power lasers are amplified by several stages of amplification, which is cumbersome, high in cost, low in efficiency of pump utilization, and has complex timing requirements.
  • the amplification stage uses a fiber with a low absorption coefficient for amplification, a longer fiber is required, which will increase the nonlinear effects such as Raman and affect the stability of the laser; if a fiber with a high absorption coefficient is used for amplification, when the signal light is weak, it will A strong ASE is generated, which also affects the stability of the laser.
  • the present application provides an optical fiber amplifier, which can reduce the number of amplification stages, and can effectively reduce the occurrence of ASE and suppress nonlinear effects such as Raman.
  • the application provides an optical fiber amplifier, including: a sequentially connected seed source, a first gain fiber, a second gain fiber and an output device;
  • the optical fiber amplifier also includes a pumping source, the pumping source is connected to the pumping input end of the fiber combiner, and is used to feed the first gain fiber and the second gain fiber through the fiber combiner Provide pump light;
  • the absorption coefficient of the first gain fiber to the pump light is smaller than the absorption coefficient of the second gain fiber to the pump light.
  • the pumping mode of the pumping source is forward pumping, and the pumping source is located between the seed source and the first gain fiber.
  • the pumping mode of the pumping source is reverse pumping, and the pumping source is located between the output device and the second gain fiber.
  • the first gain fiber is used as a pre-amplification of signal light
  • the second gain fiber is used as a main amplifier of signal light
  • the optical fiber amplifier further includes a mode stripper and/or a mode field adapter.
  • one end of the seed source is connected to the signal end of the fiber combiner, the common end of the fiber combiner is connected to one end of the first gain fiber, and the other end of the first gain fiber is connected to One end of the second gain fiber, the other end of the second gain fiber is connected to one end of the stripper, and the other end of the stripper is connected to the output device.
  • one end of the seed source is connected to the signal end of the fiber combiner, the common end of the fiber combiner is connected to one end of the first gain fiber, and the other end of the first gain fiber is connected to One end of the mode field adapter, the other end of the mode field adapter is connected to one end of the second gain fiber, the other end of the second gain fiber is connected to one end of the stripper, the stripper The other end is connected to the output device.
  • the optical fiber amplifier includes a plurality of pumping sources, and the plurality of pumping sources are connected to the pumping input end of the optical fiber combiner.
  • one end of the seed source is connected to one end of the stripper, the other end of the stripper is connected to one end of the first gain fiber, and the other end of the first gain fiber is connected to the first gain fiber.
  • One end of the two gain fibers, the other end of the second gain fiber is connected to the common end of the fiber combiner, and the signal end of the fiber combiner is connected to the output device.
  • the absorption coefficient of the first gain fiber to the pump light is A1, where 0.1dB/m ⁇ A1 ⁇ 3dB/m, and the absorption coefficient of the second gain fiber to the pump light is A2, where 3dB /m ⁇ A2 ⁇ 25dB/m; the ratio of the pump light absorbed by the first gain fiber is B1, where 5% ⁇ B1 ⁇ 50%, and the ratio of the pump light absorbed by the second gain fiber is B2, where 50% % ⁇ B2 ⁇ 95%.
  • the first gain fiber and the second gain fiber are independently doped with rare earth elements or photonic crystal fibers; wherein the rare earth elements are selected from ytterbium, erbium, holmium, thulium, samarium or bismuth at least one of .
  • the pump source is any one of semiconductor lasers, fiber lasers, solid-state lasers, gas lasers or Raman lasers.
  • the center wavelength of the pump light is 600nm to 2000nm.
  • the pumping mode of the pump source is any one of core single-end pumping, fiber core single-end pumping, cladding single-end pumping or cladding double-end pumping.
  • the pumping source is any one of semiconductor laser, fiber laser, solid-state laser, gas laser or Raman laser; the center wavelength of the pumping light is 600nm to 2000nm.
  • the pump source is any one of a semiconductor laser, a fiber laser, a solid laser, a gas laser or a Raman laser; Either single-ended pumped or cladding double-ended pumped.
  • the pumping source is any one of semiconductor lasers, fiber lasers, solid lasers, gas lasers or Raman lasers; the central wavelength of the pumping light is 600nm to 2000nm; the pumping source
  • the pumping method is any one of core single-end pumping, cladding single-end pumping or cladding double-end pumping.
  • the optical fiber combiner is any one of (1+1) ⁇ 1, (2+1) ⁇ 1, or (6+1) ⁇ 1.
  • the seed source is one of semiconductor lasers, fiber lasers, solid-state lasers or gas lasers; the center wavelength of the signal light output by the seed source is 600nm to 2000nm.
  • the output device is an optical isolator.
  • the present application provides a fiber amplifier, by using two gain fibers with different absorption coefficients as the amplification stage of the fiber, wherein the first gain fiber, that is, the low absorption coefficient fiber, is used as the pre-amplification of the signal light to avoid the power of the pump light being greater than that of the signal
  • the second gain fiber that is, the high absorption coefficient fiber
  • the main amplifier of the signal light fully absorbing the remaining pump light, and effectively reducing the required fiber length. , suppress nonlinear effects such as Raman, and improve the utilization efficiency of pump light.
  • this application reduces the originally required two-stage amplification to one-stage amplification, which can effectively reduce the requirement on timing, can take into account the stability and performance improvement of the laser, and can also reduce the production cost of the laser.
  • the optical fiber amplifier provided by the present application has a flexible, simple, and compact structure, and the all-fiber design reduces the volume of the laser, which is convenient for industrialization.
  • Fig. 1 is the first kind of structure schematic diagram of the optical fiber amplifier that the embodiment of the present application provides;
  • Fig. 2 is the second kind of structure diagram of the optical fiber amplifier provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of an optical fiber amplifier provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • connection and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral Ground connection; it can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or mutual communication; it can be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral Ground connection; it can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or mutual communication; it can be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features.
  • a feature defined as “first” or “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of said features.
  • “plurality” means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an optical fiber amplifier, which will be described in detail below. It should be noted that the description sequence of the following embodiments is not intended to limit the preferred sequence of the embodiments.
  • the application provides a kind of optical fiber amplifier, comprises: sequentially connected seed source 1, first gain fiber 4, second gain fiber 5 and output device 7; Described fiber amplifier also includes pump A pump source 2, the pump source 2 is connected to the pump input end of the fiber combiner 3, and is used to provide the first gain fiber 4 and the second gain fiber 5 through the fiber combiner 3 pump light.
  • the absorption coefficient of the first gain fiber 4 to the pump light is smaller than the absorption coefficient of the second gain fiber 5 to the pump light.
  • the first gain fiber 4 is a low-absorption fiber
  • the second gain fiber 5 is a high-absorption fiber.
  • high absorption coefficient fiber and low absorption coefficient fiber refer to the first gain fiber 4 and the second gain fiber in the embodiment of the present application. 5 comparison of absorption coefficients; those skilled in the art know that for different sizes of pump light, the absorption coefficients of gain fibers will also be different, so the comparison of absorption coefficients in the embodiments of this application is only for the same pump light For Puguang.
  • the absorption coefficient is also affected by the radius of the fiber and the concentration of doped rare earth elements. Generally, under a certain radius and pump wavelength, the higher the doping concentration, the higher the absorption coefficient; Under the conditions of impurity concentration and pump wavelength, the larger the fiber radius, the higher the absorption coefficient.
  • the pumping mode of the pumping source 2 can be forward pumping or reverse pumping.
  • the pumping source 2 can be located at Between the seed source 1 and the first gain fiber 4 .
  • the pump light generated by the pump source 2 can be coupled into the first gain fiber 4 through the pump input end of the fiber combiner 3, which is a low absorption coefficient fiber; the remaining pump light enters the second gain fiber 5.
  • This fiber is a high absorption coefficient fiber.
  • the signal light generated by the seed source 1 will be coupled into the first gain fiber 4 through the signal input end of the fiber combiner 3 for pre-amplification; then pass through the second gain fiber 5 for main amplification and output through the output device 7 .
  • the pumping source 2 When the pumping mode of the pumping source 2 is reverse pumping, the pumping source 2 is located between the output device 7 and the second gain fiber 5 .
  • the pump light generated by the pump source 2 is coupled into the second gain fiber 5 through the pump input end of the fiber combiner 3, and this fiber is a high absorption coefficient fiber; the remaining pump light enters the first gain fiber 4 , this fiber is a low absorption coefficient fiber.
  • the signal light generated by the seed source 1 is coupled into the first gain fiber 4 for pre-amplification; then through the second gain fiber 5 for main amplification, then through the fiber combiner 3 , and finally output through the output device 7 .
  • the first gain optical fiber 4 that is, the low absorption coefficient optical fiber
  • the first gain optical fiber 4 is used as the pre-amplification of the signal light, so as to avoid when the power of the pump light is greater than the power of the signal light (such as The power of the pump light is 60 times the power of the signal, but not limited to this)
  • the ASE Ampton
  • the second gain fiber 5 That is, the high absorption coefficient fiber is used as the main amplification of the signal light, fully absorbs the remaining pump light, effectively reduces the required fiber length, suppresses nonlinear effects such as Raman, and improves the utilization efficiency of the pump light.
  • this application reduces the originally required two-stage amplification to one-stage amplification, which can effectively reduce the requirement on timing, can take into account the stability and performance improvement of the laser, and can also reduce the production cost of the laser.
  • the optical fiber amplifier provided by the present application has a flexible, simple, and compact structure, and the all-fiber design reduces the volume of the laser, which is convenient for industrialization.
  • the optical fiber amplifier also includes a mode stripper 6 and/or a mode field adapter 8, that is, the optical fiber amplifier includes a mode stripper 6; or the optical fiber amplifier includes a mode field adapter 8; or the optical fiber amplifier includes a mode field adapter 8;
  • the optical fiber amplifier includes a mode stripper 6 and a mode field adapter 8.
  • the mode stripper 6 can be used to strip the cladding light
  • the mode field adapter 8 can be used to reduce the splicing loss when the fiber diameters are inconsistent.
  • Figure 1 shows the first optical fiber amplifier provided by the embodiment of the application
  • one end of the seed source 1 is connected to the optical fiber bundle
  • the signal end of the fiber combiner 3 is connected to the pump source 2
  • the common end of the fiber combiner 3 is connected to one end of the first gain fiber 4
  • the other end of the optical fiber 4 is connected to one end of the second gain fiber 5
  • the other end of the second gain fiber 5 is connected to one end of a mode stripper 6
  • the other end of the mode stripper 6 is connected to the output device 7 .
  • FIG. 2 shows the second optical fiber amplifier provided by the embodiment of the present application; wherein, the seed source 1 One end of the optical fiber combiner 3 is connected to the signal end, the pump input end of the optical fiber combiner 3 is connected to the pump source 2, and the common end of the optical fiber combiner 3 is connected to one end of the first gain fiber 4 , the other end of the first gain fiber 4 is connected to one end of the mode field adapter 8, the other end of the mode field adapter 8 is connected to one end of the second gain fiber 5, and the other end of the second gain fiber 5 is connected to One end of the stripper 6, the other end of the stripper 6 is connected to the output device 7.
  • the pump source 2 is used to provide pump light to the first gain fiber 4 and the second gain fiber 5 through the fiber combiner 3, and the pump source 2 There may be one or more pump sources 2. When there are multiple pump sources 2, the multiple pump sources 2 may be connected to the pump input end of the fiber combiner 3.
  • the pumping mode of the pump source 2 can be forward pumping or reverse pumping. When it is forward pumping, in some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the The pump source 2 is located between the seed source 1 and the first gain fiber 4 . When reverse pumping is used, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3 , the pump source 2 is located between the output device 7 and the second gain fiber 5 .
  • FIG. 3 shows the third optical fiber amplifier provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • One end of the seed source 1 is connected to One end of the stripper 6, the other end of the stripper 6 is connected to one end of the first gain fiber 4, the other end of the first gain fiber 4 is connected to one end of the second gain fiber 5, and the second gain fiber
  • the other end of 5 is connected to the common end of the optical fiber combiner 3 , and the signal end of the optical fiber combiner 3 is connected to the output device 7 .
  • the absorption coefficient of the first gain fiber 4 for the pump light is A1, where 0.1dB/m ⁇ A1 ⁇ 3dB/m, if it is too low, the signal light generated by the seed source 1 is weak, if it is too low Higher values may result in stronger ASE.
  • the absorption coefficient of the second gain fiber 5 for the pump light is A2, where 3dB/m ⁇ A2 ⁇ 25dB/m, so as to reduce the total fiber length and increase the nonlinear threshold under the premise of ensuring sufficient absorption of the pump light.
  • the absorption coefficient of the first gain fiber 4 to the pump light is any value within the range of 0.1dB/m ⁇ A1 ⁇ 3dB/m, such as 0.1dB/m, 0.5dB/m, 1dB/m , 1.5dB/m, 2dB/m, 2.5dB/m, 2.8dB/m, etc., or other unlisted values within this range.
  • the absorption coefficient of the second gain fiber 5 to the pump light is any value within the range of 3dB/m ⁇ A2 ⁇ 25dB/m, such as 3dB/m, 5dB/m, 8dB/m, 10dB/m, 13dB/m , 15dB/m, 18dB/m, 20dB/m, 24dB/m, etc., or other unlisted values within this range.
  • the proportion of pump light absorbed by the first gain fiber 4 is B1, where 5% ⁇ B1 ⁇ 50%, and the proportion of pump light absorbed by the second gain fiber 5 is B2, where 50% ⁇ B2 ⁇ 95%. If the proportion of the pump light absorbed by the first gain fiber 4 is too large, the length of the corresponding first gain fiber 4 needs to be increased, which lowers the nonlinear threshold. If the proportion of the pump light absorbed by the first gain fiber 4 is too small, the amplified signal light passing through the first gain fiber 4 may be weak, thus causing ASE when passing through the second gain fiber 5 .
  • the ratio of the pump light absorbed by the first gain fiber 4 is any value within the range of 5% ⁇ B1 ⁇ 50%, such as 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%. , 35%, 40%, 45%, 48%, etc., or other unlisted values within the range.
  • the ratio of the pump light absorbed by the second gain fiber 5 is any value in the range of 50% ⁇ B2 ⁇ 95%, such as 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90% %, 94%, etc., or other unlisted values within the range.
  • the first gain fiber 4 and the second gain fiber 5 are each independently a fiber doped with a rare earth element or a photonic crystal fiber, that is, the first gain fiber 4 may be a fiber doped with a rare earth element.
  • the second gain fiber 5 can be a fiber or photonic crystal fiber doped with rare earth elements, the first gain fiber 4 and the second gain fiber 5 can be the same or different; wherein, the The rare earth element is selected from at least one of ytterbium (Yb), erbium (Er), holmium (Ho), thulium (Tm), samarium (Sm) or bismuth (Bi), for example, the rare earth element can be selected from ytterbium (Yb ), can also be selected from ytterbium (Yb) and erbium (Er).
  • the pump source 2 is any one of semiconductor lasers, fiber lasers, solid-state lasers, gas lasers or Raman lasers.
  • the central wavelength of the pump light emitted by the pump source 2 is 600nm to 2000nm. It can be understood that the central wavelength of the pump light emitted by the pump source 2 can be any value within the range of 600nm to 2000nm, such as 600nm, 800nm, 1000nm, 1200nm, 1500nm, 1800nm, 2000nm, etc., or 600nm to 2000nm. Other values not listed in the range of 2000nm.
  • the pumping mode of the pump source 2 is any one of core single-end pumping, cladding single-end pumping or cladding double-end pumping.
  • the fiber combiner 3 is any one of (1+1) ⁇ 1, (2+1) ⁇ 1 or (6+1) ⁇ 1.
  • the seed source 1 is one of semiconductor lasers, fiber lasers, solid-state lasers or gas lasers; the central wavelength of the signal light output by the seed source 1 is 600nm to 2000nm. It can be understood that the central wavelength of the signal light output by the seed source 1 can be any value within the range of 600nm to 2000nm, such as 600nm, 800nm, 1000nm, 1200nm, 1500nm, 1800nm, 2000nm, etc., or other unspecified wavelengths from 600nm to 2000nm. listed values.
  • the output device 7 may be an optical isolator, specifically, a polarization-independent isolator may be selected.
  • This embodiment provides an optical fiber amplifier, the structure of which is shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the first gain fiber 4 and the second gain fiber 5 are gain fibers doped with the same rare earth element, for example, both are ytterbium-doped gain fibers.
  • the pump source 2 is a semiconductor laser diode with a center wavelength of 915nm or 976nm;
  • the optical fiber combiner 3 is a (2+1) ⁇ 1 optical fiber combiner 3, such as 10/125 type, 20/125 type;
  • a gain fiber 4 is a low-gain coefficient fiber, which is made of ytterbium-doped fiber with a core diameter of 10 microns, 20 microns, 30 microns, 50 microns or 100 microns produced by the domestic Ruixin company, and the pump light absorption coefficient is specifically 0.5dB/ m@915nm (that is, at the pumping wavelength of 915nm, each meter of optical fiber can absorb 0.5dB of pumping light power);
  • the second gain fiber 5 is selected from the core diameter of 10 microns, 20 microns, and 30 microns produced by domestic Ruixin company.
  • the Yb-doped optical fiber of micron, 50 micron or 100 micron has an absorption coefficient of 10dB/m@915nm; the output device 7 is an optical isolator, specifically a polarization-independent optical isolator.
  • the specific connection mode of this embodiment is: one end of the seed source 1 is connected to the signal end of the fiber combiner 3, and the common end of the fiber combiner 3 is connected to one end of the first gain fiber 4, and the first gain fiber 4
  • the other end of the second gain fiber 5 is connected to one end of the second gain fiber 5
  • the other end of the second gain fiber 5 is connected to one end of the stripper 6, and the other end of the stripper 6 is connected to the output device 7.
  • the principle of this embodiment is: the pump light generated by the pump source 2 is coupled through the pump input end of the fiber combiner 3 and first enters the first gain fiber 4, which is a low-absorption fiber; most of the subsequent pump light The light enters the second gain fiber 5, which is a high absorption coefficient fiber; the seed source 1 produces signal light with a center wavelength of 1064nm, which is coupled into the first gain fiber 4 through the signal input end of the fiber combiner 3 for pre-amplification; Subsequent main amplification is performed through the second gain fiber 5 , and the cladding light is stripped through the mode stripper 6 , and finally output through the output device 7 .
  • This embodiment provides a fiber amplifier with a structure as shown in Figure 1.
  • the first gain fiber 4 and the second gain fiber 5 in this embodiment are gain fibers doped with different rare earth elements, for example, the first gain fiber 4 is an erbium-doped fiber , the second gain fiber 5 is an erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber.
  • the pump source 2 is a semiconductor laser diode with a center wavelength of 976nm;
  • the fiber combiner 3 is a (2+1) ⁇ 1 fiber combiner 3, such as 10/125 type, 20/125 type;
  • the first gain fiber 4 is a gain fiber with low absorption coefficient.
  • the pump light absorption coefficient can be 2.5dB /m@976nm;
  • the second gain fiber 5 is a gain fiber with a high absorption coefficient, and you can choose an erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber with a core diameter of 10 microns, 20 microns, 30 microns, 50 microns or 100 microns produced by domestic Ruixin company , the absorption coefficient can be 15dB/m@976nm;
  • the output device 7 is an optical isolator, specifically a polarization-independent optical isolator.
  • the specific connection mode of this embodiment is: one end of the seed source 1 is connected to the signal end of the fiber combiner 3, and the common end of the fiber combiner 3 is connected to one end of the first gain fiber 4, and the first gain fiber 4
  • the other end of the mode field adapter 8 is connected to one end of the mode field adapter 8, and the other end of the mode field adapter 8 is connected to one end of the second gain fiber 5, and the other end of the second gain fiber 5 is connected to one end of the mode stripper 6, and the stripper
  • the other end of the modulator 6 is connected to the output device 7 .
  • the principle of this embodiment is: the pump light generated by the pump source 2 is coupled through the pump input end of the fiber combiner 3 and first enters the first gain fiber 4; subsequently most of the pump light enters the second gain fiber 5;
  • the seed source 1 generates signal light with a central wavelength of 1550nm, which is coupled into the first gain fiber 4 through the signal input end of the fiber combiner 3 for pre-amplification; subsequent main amplification is performed through the second gain fiber 5, and passed through the mode stripper 6 stripping the cladding light, and finally outputting it through the output device 7 .
  • This embodiment provides a fiber amplifier with a structure as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the basic structure and principle are similar to those in FIG. 1 , the only difference being that a mode field adapter 8 is provided between the first gain fiber 4 and the second gain fiber 5 .
  • This embodiment provides a fiber amplifier with a structure as shown in Figure 3, the basic structure is similar to Figure 1, the only difference is that the stripper 6 is located between the seed source 1 and the first gain fiber 4, and the pump source 2 is located between the second gain Between the optical fiber 5 and the output device 7 .
  • the principle of this embodiment is: the pump light generated by the pump source 2 is coupled into the second gain fiber 5 through the pump input end of the fiber combiner 3, and this fiber is a high absorption coefficient fiber; the remaining pump light enters The first gain fiber 4 is a low absorption coefficient fiber.
  • the signal light generated by the seed source 1 is coupled into the first gain fiber 4 through the mode stripper for pre-amplification; then passes through the second gain fiber 5 for main amplification, then passes through the fiber combiner 3, and finally outputs through the output device 7 .
  • the present application provides a fiber amplifier, by using two different absorption coefficient fibers as the amplification stage of the fiber, wherein the first gain fiber, i.e. the low absorption coefficient fiber, is used as the pre-amplification of the signal light to avoid the When the power is greater than the power of the signal light, the ASE generated by the fiber will cause damage to the device and affect the stability of the system; the second gain fiber, the high absorption coefficient fiber, is used as the main amplifier of the signal light to fully absorb the remaining pump light and effectively reduce the Fiber length is required to suppress nonlinear effects such as Raman and improve the utilization efficiency of pump light.
  • the first gain fiber i.e. the low absorption coefficient fiber
  • the high absorption coefficient fiber is used as the main amplifier of the signal light to fully absorb the remaining pump light and effectively reduce the Fiber length is required to suppress nonlinear effects such as Raman and improve the utilization efficiency of pump light.
  • this application reduces the originally required two-stage amplification to one-stage amplification, which can effectively reduce the requirement on timing, can take into account the stability and performance improvement of the laser, and can also reduce the production cost of the laser.
  • the optical fiber amplifier provided by the present application has a flexible, simple, and compact structure, and the all-fiber design reduces the volume of the laser, which is convenient for industrialization.

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Abstract

一种光纤放大器，通过利用两种不同吸收系数的增益光纤作为光纤的放大级，避免光纤产生的ASE导致器件的损坏和对系统稳定性的影响，同时提高对泵浦光的利用效率。另一方面，将原本需要的两级放大减少为一级放大，能有效降低对时序的要求，可以兼顾激光器的稳定性和性能的提升，还能降低激光器的制作成本。

Description

光纤放大器 技术领域
本申请涉及激光领域，具体涉及一种光纤放大器。
 背景技术
光纤激光器具有光束质量好、高效率、散热性好、结构紧凑，可靠性高、易维护等优点，受到人们广泛关注。
目前高功率激光器多采用几级放大的方式进行放大，较为繁琐，成本较高，对泵浦的利用效率不高且具有复杂的时序要求。当放大级采用低吸收系数光纤进行放大时，需要较长的光纤，导致拉曼等非线性效应增强，影响激光器的稳定性；如果采用高吸收系数的光纤进行放大，当信号光较弱，会产生较强的ASE，同样影响激光器的稳定性。
 技术问题
本申请提供一种光纤放大器，可以减少放大级，还能有效的降低ASE的产生与抑制拉曼等非线性效应。
 技术解决方案
本申请提供一种光纤放大器，包括：依次连接的种子源、第一增益光纤、第二增益光纤以及输出器件；
所述光纤放大器还包括泵浦源，所述泵浦源与光纤合束器的泵浦输入端连接，并被用于通过所述光纤合束器向所述第一增益光纤和第二增益光纤提供泵浦光；
其中，所述第一增益光纤对泵浦光的吸收系数小于所述第二增益光纤对泵浦光的吸收系数。
可选的，所述泵浦源的泵浦方式为正向泵浦，所述泵浦源位于所述种子源和所述第一增益光纤之间。
可选的，所述泵浦源的泵浦方式为反向泵浦，所述泵浦源位于所述输出器件和所述第二增益光纤之间。
可选的，所述第一增益光纤作为信号光的预放大，所述第二增益光纤作为信号光的主放大。
可选的，所述光纤放大器中还包括剥模器和/或模场适配器。
可选的，所述种子源的一端连接所述光纤合束器的信号端，所述光纤合束器的公共端连接所述第一增益光纤的一端，所述第一增益光纤的另一端连接所述第二增益光纤的一端，所述第二增益光纤的另一端连接所述剥模器的一端，所述剥模器的另一端连接所述输出器件。
可选的，所述种子源的一端连接所述光纤合束器的信号端，所述光纤合束器的公共端连接所述第一增益光纤的一端，所述第一增益光纤的另一端连接所述模场适配器的一端，所述模场适配器的另一端连接所述第二增益光纤的一端，所述第二增益光纤的另一端连接所述剥模器的一端，所述剥模器的另一端连接所述输出器件。
可选的，所述光纤放大器包括多个所述泵浦源，多个所述泵浦源与所述光纤合束器的泵浦输入端连接。
可选的，所述种子源的一端连接所述剥模器的一端，所述剥模器的另一端连接所述第一增益光纤的一端，所述第一增益光纤的另一端连接所述第二增益光纤的一端，所述第二增益光纤的另一端连接所述光纤合束器的公共端，所述光纤合束器的信号端连接所述输出器件。
可选的，所述第一增益光纤对泵浦光的吸收系数为A1，其中0.1dB/m≤A1<3dB/m，所述第二增益光纤对泵浦光的吸收系数为A2，其中3dB/m≤A2<25dB/m；所述第一增益光纤吸收泵浦光的比例为B1，其中5%≤B1<50%，所述第二增益光纤吸收泵浦光的比例为B2，其中50%≤B2<95%。
可选的，所述第一增益光纤和第二增益光纤各自独立为掺杂有稀土元素的光纤或光子晶体光纤；其中，所述稀土元素选自镱、铒、钬、铥、钐或铋中的至少一种。
可选的，所述泵浦源为半导体激光器、光纤激光器、固体激光器、气体激光器或拉曼激光器中的任一种。
可选的，所述泵浦光的中心波长为600nm至2000nm。
可选的，所述泵浦源的泵浦方式为纤芯单端泵浦、纤芯单端泵浦、包层单端泵浦或包层双端泵浦中的任一种。
可选的，所述泵浦源为半导体激光器、光纤激光器、固体激光器、气体激光器或拉曼激光器中的任一种；所述泵浦光的中心波长为600nm至2000nm。
可选的，所述泵浦源为半导体激光器、光纤激光器、固体激光器、气体激光器或拉曼激光器中的任一种；所述泵浦源的泵浦方式为纤芯单端泵浦、包层单端泵浦或包层双端泵浦中的任一种。
可选的，所述泵浦源为半导体激光器、光纤激光器、固体激光器、气体激光器或拉曼激光器中的任一种；所述泵浦光的中心波长为600nm至2000nm；所述泵浦源的泵浦方式为纤芯单端泵浦、包层单端泵浦或包层双端泵浦中的任一种。
可选的，所述光纤合束器为（1+1）×1、（2+1）×1、或（6+1）×1中的任一种。
可选的，所述种子源为半导体激光器、光纤激光器、固体激光器或气体激光器中的一种；所述种子源输出信号光的中心波长为600nm至2000nm。
可选的，所述输出器件为光隔离器。
 有益效果
本申请提供一种光纤放大器，通过利用两种不同吸收系数的增益光纤作为光纤的放大级，其中第一增益光纤即低吸收系数光纤作为信号光的预放大，避免由于泵浦光的功率大于信号光功率时，该光纤产生的ASE导致器件的损坏和对系统稳定性的影响；第二增益光纤即高吸收系数光纤作为信号光的主放大，充分吸收剩余泵浦光，有效降低所需光纤长度，抑制拉曼等非线性效应，提高对泵浦光的利用效率。另一方面，本申请将原本需要的两级放大减少为一级放大，能有效降低对时序的要求，可以兼顾激光器的稳定性和性能的提升，还能降低激光器的制作成本。此外，本申请提供的光纤放大器设计灵活、简单、结构紧凑，全光纤化的设计减少激光器体积，便于实现产业化。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。
图1是本申请实施例提供的光纤放大器的第一种结构示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的光纤放大器的第二种结构示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的光纤放大器的第三种结构示意图。
附图标记：1、种子源；2、泵浦源；3、光纤合束器；4、第一增益光纤；5、第二增益光纤；6、剥模器；7、输出器件；8、模场适配器。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或可以相互通讯；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个所述特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
本申请实施例提供一种光纤放大器，以下分别进行详细说明。需说明的是，以下实施例的描述顺序不作为对实施例优选顺序的限定。
首先，请参阅图1至图3，本申请提供一种光纤放大器，包括：依次连接的种子源1、第一增益光纤4、第二增益光纤5以及输出器件7；所述光纤放大器还包括泵浦源2，所述泵浦源2与光纤合束器3的泵浦输入端连接，并被用于通过所述光纤合束器3向所述第一增益光纤4和第二增益光纤5提供泵浦光。其中，所述第一增益光纤4对泵浦光的吸收系数小于所述第二增益光纤5对泵浦光的吸收系数。换言之，所述第一增益光纤4为低吸收系数光纤，所述第二增益光纤5为高吸收系数光纤。
需要说明的是，高吸收系数光纤与低吸收系数光纤的概念是相对的，具体而言，高吸收系数光纤与低吸收系数光纤针对于本申请实施例中第一增益光纤4和第二增益光纤5的吸收系数大小对比；本领域技术人员知晓，针对不同大小的泵浦光，增益光纤的吸收系数也会有所不同，因此本申请实施例中的吸收系数的大小对比只针对于同一种泵浦光而言。此外，吸收系数还受光纤半径和掺杂的稀土元素浓度的影响，一般情况下，在一定的半径和泵浦波长的条件下，掺杂浓度越高，则吸收系数越高；在一定的掺杂浓度和泵浦波长的条件下，光纤半径越大，则吸收系数越高。
所述泵浦源2的泵浦方式可以为正向泵浦，也可以为反向泵浦，当所述泵浦源的泵浦方式为正向泵浦时，所述泵浦源2可位于所述种子源1和第一增益光纤4之间。所述泵浦源2产生的泵浦光，可通过光纤合束器3的泵浦输入端耦合进入第一增益光纤4，此光纤为低吸收系数光纤；剩余的泵浦光进入第二增益光纤5，此光纤为高吸收系数光纤。种子源1产生的信号光，将会通过光纤合束器3的信号输入端耦合进入第一增益光纤4，进行预放大；后续通过第二增益光纤5，进行主放大，通过输出器件7输出。
当所述泵浦源2的泵浦方式为反向泵浦时，所述泵浦源2位于所述输出器件7和第二增益光纤5之间。所述泵浦源2产生的泵浦光，通过光纤合束器3的泵浦输入端耦合进入第二增益光纤5，此光纤为高吸收系数光纤；剩余的泵浦光进入第一增益光纤4，此光纤为低吸收系数光纤。种子源1产生的信号光耦合进入第一增益光纤4，进行预放大；后续通过第二增益光纤5，进行主放大，后续通过光纤合束器3，最后经输出器件7输出。
本申请实施例通过利用两种不同吸收系数光纤作为光纤的放大级，其中第一增益光纤4即低吸收系数光纤作为信号光的预放大，避免由于泵浦光的功率大于信号光功率时（例如泵浦光的功率是信号的功率的60倍，但不仅限于此），该光纤产生的ASE(Amplified Spontaneous Emission，自发辐射放大)导致器件的损坏和对系统稳定性的影响；第二增益光纤5即高吸收系数光纤作为信号光的主放大，充分吸收剩余泵浦光，有效降低所需光纤长度，抑制拉曼等非线性效应，提高对泵浦光的利用效率。另一方面，本申请将原本需要的两级放大减少为一级放大，能有效降低对时序的要求，可以兼顾激光器的稳定性和性能的提升，还能降低激光器的制作成本。此外，本申请提供的光纤放大器设计灵活、简单、结构紧凑，全光纤化的设计减少激光器体积，便于实现产业化。
在一些实施例中，所述光纤放大器中还包括剥模器6和/或模场适配器8，即所述光纤放大器包括剥模器6；或者所述光纤放大器包括模场适配器8；再或者所述光纤放大器中包括剥模器6和模场适配器8。针对本申请实施例，所述剥模器6可用来剥除包层光，所述模场适配器8可用于减小在光纤直径不一致时的熔接损耗。
例如，当所述光纤放大器中包括剥模器6时，请参阅图1，图1示出了本申请实施例提供的第一种光纤放大器，所述种子源1的一端连接所述光纤合束器3的信号端，所述光纤合束器3的泵浦输入端连接泵浦源2，所述光纤合束器3的公共端连接所述第一增益光纤4的一端，所述第一增益光纤4的另一端连接所述第二增益光纤5的一端，所述第二增益光纤5的另一端连接剥模器6的一端，所述剥模器6的另一端连接所述输出器件7。
再例如，当所述光纤放大器中包括剥模器6和模场适配器8时，请参阅图2，图2示出了本申请实施例提供的第二种光纤放大器；其中，所述种子源1的一端连接所述光纤合束器3的信号端，所述光纤合束器3的泵浦输入端连接泵浦源2，所述光纤合束器3的公共端连接第一增益光纤4的一端，所述第一增益光纤4的另一端连接模场适配器8的一端，所述模场适配器8的另一端连接所述第二增益光纤5的一端，所述第二增益光纤5的另一端连接剥模器6的一端，所述剥模器6的另一端连接所述输出器件7。
针对本申请实施例，所述泵浦源2用于被用于通过所述光纤合束器3向所述第一增益光纤4和第二增益光纤5提供泵浦光，所述泵浦源2可以为一个或多个，当所述泵浦源2为多个时，多个泵浦源2可以与光纤合束器3的泵浦输入端连接。所述泵浦源2的泵浦方式可以为正向泵浦，也可以为反向泵浦，当为正向泵浦时，在一些实施例中，如图1和图2所示，所述泵浦源2位于所述种子源1和第一增益光纤4之间。当为反向泵浦时，在一些实施例中，如图3所示，所述泵浦源2位于所述输出器件7和第二增益光纤5之间。
例如，当所述泵浦源2的泵浦方式为反向泵浦时，请参阅图3，图3示出了本申请实施例提供的第三种光纤放大器，所述种子源1的一端连接剥模器6的一端，所述剥模器6的另一端连接第一增益光纤4的一端，所述第一增益光纤4的另一端连接第二增益光纤5的一端，所述第二增益光纤5的另一端连接光纤合束器3的公共端，所述光纤合束器3的信号端连接输出器件7。
在一些实施例中，第一增益光纤4对泵浦光的吸收系数为A1，其中0.1dB/m≤A1<3dB/m，若过低，则种子源1产生的信号光较弱，若过高则可能会导致有较强的ASE。所述第二增益光纤5对泵浦光的吸收系数为A2，其中3dB/m≤A2<25dB/m，以保证泵浦光充分吸收的前提下，减少总光纤长度，提高非线性阈值。可以理解的是，所述第一增益光纤4对泵浦光的吸收系数为0.1dB/m≤A1<3dB/m范围内的任意值，例如0.1dB/m、0.5dB/m、1dB/m、1.5dB/m、2dB/m、2.5dB/m、2.8dB/m等，或是该范围内其他未列出的数值。所述第二增益光纤5对泵浦光的吸收系数为3dB/m≤A2<25dB/m范围内的任意值，例如3dB/m、5dB/m、8dB/m、10dB/m、13dB/m、15dB/m、18dB/m、20dB/m、24dB/m等，或是该范围内其他未列出的数值。
所述第一增益光纤4吸收泵浦光的比例为B1，其中5%≤B1<50%，所述第二增益光纤5吸收泵浦光的比例为B2，其中50%≤B2<95%。若所述第一增益光纤4吸收泵浦光的比例过大，则对应的第一增益光纤4的长度需增长，降低了非线性阈值。若第一增益光纤4吸收泵浦光的比例过小，有可能导致通过第一增益光纤4放大后的信号光较弱，从而导致通过第二增益光纤5时产生ASE。可以理解的是，所述第一增益光纤4吸收泵浦光的比例为5%≤B1<50%范围内的任意值，例如5%、10%、15%、20%、25%、30%、35%、40%、45%、48%等，或是该范围内其他未列出的数值。所述第二增益光纤5吸收泵浦光的比例为50%≤B2<95%范围内的任意值，例如50%、55%、60%、65%、75%、80%、85%、90%、94%等，或是该范围内其他未列出的数值。
在一些实施例中，所述第一增益光纤4和第二增益光纤5各自独立为掺杂有稀土元素的光纤或光子晶体光纤，即所述第一增益光纤4可以为掺杂有稀土元素的光纤或光子晶体光纤，所述第二增益光纤5可以为掺杂有稀土元素的光纤或光子晶体光纤，所述第一增益光纤4和第二增益光纤5可以相同也可以不同；其中，所述稀土元素选自镱（Yb）、铒（Er）、钬（Ho）、铥（Tm）、钐（Sm）或铋（Bi）中的至少一种，例如所述稀土元素可以选自镱（Yb），也可以选自镱（Yb）和铒（Er）。
在一些实施例中，所述泵浦源2为半导体激光器、光纤激光器、固体激光器、气体激光器或拉曼激光器中的任一种。在一些具体实施例中，所述泵浦源2发出的泵浦光的中心波长为600nm至2000nm。可以理解的是，所述泵浦源2发出的泵浦光的中心波长可以为600nm至2000nm范围内的任意值，例如600nm、800nm、1000nm、1200nm、1500nm、1800nm、2000nm等，或是600nm至2000nm范围内其他未列出的数值。
在一些实施例中，所述泵浦源2的泵浦方式为纤芯单端泵浦、包层单端泵浦或包层双端泵浦中的任一种。
在一些实施例中，所述光纤合束器3为（1+1）×1、（2+1）×1或（6+1）×1中的任一种。
在一些实施例中，所述种子源1为半导体激光器、光纤激光器、固体激光器或气体激光器中的一种；所述种子源1输出信号光的中心波长为600nm至2000nm。可以理解的是，所述种子源1输出信号光的中心波长可以为600nm至2000nm范围内的任意值，例如600nm、800nm、1000nm、1200nm、1500nm、1800nm、2000nm等，或是600nm至2000nm其他未列出的数值。
在一些实施例中，所述输出器件7可以为光隔离器，具体可选用与偏振无关的隔离器。
下面通过实施例对本申请进行详细说明。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种光纤放大器，结构如图1所示。本实施例中第一增益光纤4和第二增益光纤5为掺同种稀土元素的增益光纤，例如都为掺镱增益光纤。
其中，泵浦源2选用中心波长为915nm或976nm的半导体激光二极管；光纤合束器3，选用（2+1）×1光纤合束器3，例如10/125型、20/125型；第一增益光纤4为低增益系数光纤，选用国内睿芯公司生产的纤芯直径为10微米、20微米、30微米、50微米或100微米的掺镱光纤，泵浦光吸收系数具体为0.5dB/m@915nm（即在915nm的泵浦波长下，每米光纤可吸收0.5dB的泵浦光功率）；第二增益光纤5选用国内睿芯公司生产的纤芯直径为10微米、20微米、30微米、50微米或100微米的掺镱光纤，吸收系数为10dB/m@915nm；输出器件7选用光隔离器，具体选用偏振无关光隔离器。
本实施例的具体连接方式为：种子源1的一端连接光纤合束器3的信号端，所述光纤合束器3的公共端连接第一增益光纤4的一端，所述第一增益光纤4的另一端连接第二增益光纤5的一端，所述第二增益光纤5的另一端连接剥模器6的一端，所述剥模器6的另一端连接输出器件7。
本实施例的原理为：泵浦源2产生的泵浦光，通过光纤合束器3的泵浦输入端耦合先进入第一增益光纤4，此光纤为低吸收系数光纤；后续大部分泵浦光进入第二增益光纤5，此光纤为高吸收系数光纤；种子源1产生中心波长为1064nm的信号光，通过光纤合束器3的信号输入端耦合进入第一增益光纤4，进行预放大；后续通过第二增益光纤5进行主放大，并通过剥模器6剥除包层光，最后通过输出器件7输出。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种结构如图1所示光纤放大器，本实施例中的第一增益光纤4和第二增益光纤5为掺不同稀土元素的增益光纤，例如第一增益光纤4为掺铒光纤，第二增益光纤5为铒镱共掺光纤。
其中，泵浦源2选用中心波长为976nm的半导体激光二极管；光纤合束器3选用（2+1）×1光纤合束器3，例如10/125型、20/125型；第一增益光纤4为低吸收系数的增益光纤，具体可以选用国内睿芯公司生产的纤芯直径为10微米、20微米、30微米、50微米或100微米的掺铒光纤，泵浦光吸收系数可为2.5dB/m@976nm；第二增益光纤5是高吸收系数的增益光纤，可以选用国内睿芯公司生产的纤芯直径为10微米、20微米、30微米、50微米或100微米的铒镱共掺光纤，吸收系数可为15dB/m@976nm；输出器件7为光隔离器，具体选用偏振无关光隔离器。
本实施例的具体连接方式为：种子源1的一端连接光纤合束器3的信号端，所述光纤合束器3的公共端连接第一增益光纤4的一端，所述第一增益光纤4的另一端连接模场适配器8的一端，所述模场适配器8的另一端连接第二增益光纤5的一端，所述第二增益光纤5的另一端连接剥模器6的一端，所述剥模器6的另一端连接输出器件7。
本实施例的原理为：泵浦源2产生的泵浦光，通过光纤合束器3的泵浦输入端耦合先进入第一增益光纤4；后续大部分泵浦光进入第二增益光纤5；种子源1产生中心波长为1550nm的信号光，通过光纤合束器3的信号输入端耦合进入第一增益光纤4，进行预放大；后续通过第二增益光纤5进行主放大，并通过剥模器6剥除包层光，最后通过输出器件7输出。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种结构如图2所示光纤放大器，基本结构和原理跟图1相近，区别仅在于第一增益光纤4置和第二增益光纤5之间设置有模场适配器8。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种结构如图3所示光纤放大器，基本结构跟图1相近，区别仅在于剥模器6位于种子源1和第一增益光纤4之间，泵浦源2位于第二增益光纤5与输出器件7之间。
本实施例的原理为：泵浦源2产生的泵浦光，通过光纤合束器3的泵浦输入端耦合进入第二增益光纤5，此光纤为高吸收系数光纤；剩余的泵浦光进入第一增益光纤4，此光纤为低吸收系数光纤。种子源1产生的信号光通过剥模器后耦合进入第一增益光纤4，进行预放大；后续通过第二增益光纤5，进行主放大，后续通过光纤合束器3，最后经输出器件7输出。
综上所述，本申请提供一种光纤放大器，通过利用两种不同吸收系数光纤作为光纤的放大级，其中第一增益光纤即低吸收系数光纤作为信号光的预放大，避免由于泵浦光的功率大于信号光功率时，该光纤产生的ASE导致器件的损坏和对系统稳定性的影响；第二增益光纤即高吸收系数光纤作为信号光的主放大，充分吸收剩余泵浦光，有效降低所需光纤长度，抑制拉曼等非线性效应，提高对泵浦光的利用效率。另一方面，本申请将原本需要的两级放大减少为一级放大，能有效降低对时序的要求，可以兼顾激光器的稳定性和性能的提升，还能降低激光器的制作成本。此外，本申请提供的光纤放大器设计灵活、简单、结构紧凑，全光纤化的设计减少激光器体积，便于实现产业化。
以上对本申请实施例所提供的一种光纤放大器进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本申请的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的技术人员，依据本申请的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本申请的限制。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种光纤放大器，其中，包括：依次连接的种子源、第一增益光纤、第二增益光纤以及输出器件；
    所述光纤放大器还包括泵浦源，所述泵浦源与光纤合束器的泵浦输入端连接，并被用于通过所述光纤合束器向所述第一增益光纤和第二增益光纤提供泵浦光；
    其中，所述第一增益光纤对泵浦光的吸收系数小于所述第二增益光纤对泵浦光的吸收系数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光纤放大器，其中，所述泵浦源的泵浦方式为正向泵浦，所述泵浦源位于所述种子源和所述第一增益光纤之间。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光纤放大器，其中，所述泵浦源的泵浦方式为反向泵浦，所述泵浦源位于所述输出器件和所述第二增益光纤之间。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的光纤放大器，其中，所述第一增益光纤作为信号光的预放大，所述第二增益光纤作为信号光的主放大。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的光纤放大器，其中，所述光纤放大器中还包括剥模器和/或模场适配器。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的光纤放大器，其中，所述种子源的一端连接所述光纤合束器的信号端，所述光纤合束器的公共端连接所述第一增益光纤的一端，所述第一增益光纤的另一端连接所述第二增益光纤的一端，所述第二增益光纤的另一端连接所述剥模器的一端，所述剥模器的另一端连接所述输出器件。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的光纤放大器，其中，所述种子源的一端连接所述光纤合束器的信号端，所述光纤合束器的公共端连接所述第一增益光纤的一端，所述第一增益光纤的另一端连接所述模场适配器的一端，所述模场适配器的另一端连接所述第二增益光纤的一端，所述第二增益光纤的另一端连接所述剥模器的一端，所述剥模器的另一端连接所述输出器件。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的光纤放大器，其中，所述光纤放大器包括多个所述泵浦源，多个所述泵浦源与所述光纤合束器的泵浦输入端连接。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的光纤放大器，其中，所述种子源的一端连接所述剥模器的一端，所述剥模器的另一端连接所述第一增益光纤的一端，所述第一增益光纤的另一端连接所述第二增益光纤的一端，所述第二增益光纤的另一端连接所述光纤合束器的公共端，所述光纤合束器的信号端连接所述输出器件。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的光纤放大器，其中，所述第一增益光纤对泵浦光的吸收系数为A1，其中0.1dB/m≤A1<3dB/m，所述第二增益光纤对泵浦光的吸收系数为A2，其中3dB/m≤A2<25dB/m；所述第一增益光纤吸收泵浦光的比例为B1，其中5%≤B1<50%，所述第二增益光纤吸收泵浦光的比例为B2，其中50%≤B2<95%。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的光纤放大器，其中，所述第一增益光纤和第二增益光纤各自独立为掺杂有稀土元素的光纤或光子晶体光纤；其中，所述稀土元素选自镱、铒、钬、铥、钐或铋中的至少一种。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的光纤放大器，其中，所述泵浦源为半导体激光器、光纤激光器、固体激光器、气体激光器或拉曼激光器中的任一种。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的光纤放大器，其中，所述泵浦光的中心波长为600nm至2000nm。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的光纤放大器，其中，所述泵浦源的泵浦方式为纤芯单端泵浦、包层单端泵浦或包层双端泵浦中的任一种。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的光纤放大器，其中，所述泵浦源为半导体激光器、光纤激光器、固体激光器、气体激光器或拉曼激光器中的任一种；所述泵浦光的中心波长为600nm至2000nm。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的光纤放大器，其中，所述泵浦源为半导体激光器、光纤激光器、固体激光器、气体激光器或拉曼激光器中的任一种；所述泵浦源的泵浦方式为纤芯单端泵浦、包层单端泵浦或包层双端泵浦中的任一种。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的光纤放大器，其中，所述泵浦源为半导体激光器、光纤激光器、固体激光器、气体激光器或拉曼激光器中的任一种；所述泵浦光的中心波长为600nm至2000nm；所述泵浦源的泵浦方式为纤芯单端泵浦、包层单端泵浦或包层双端泵浦中的任一种。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的光纤放大器，其中，所述光纤合束器为（1+1）×1、（2+1）×1、或（6+1）×1中的任一种。
  19. 根据权利要求1所述的光纤放大器，其中，所述种子源为半导体激光器、光纤激光器、固体激光器或气体激光器中的一种；所述种子源输出信号光的中心波长为600nm至2000nm。
  20. 根据权利要求1所述的光纤放大器，其中，所述输出器件为光隔离器。
PCT/CN2022/118217 2022-03-02 2022-09-09 光纤放大器 Ceased WO2023165109A1 (zh)

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CN115693361A (zh) * 2023-01-04 2023-02-03 济南邦德激光股份有限公司 光纤激光器
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