WO2023170968A1 - 等化方法、等化装置及び受信システム - Google Patents
等化方法、等化装置及び受信システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023170968A1 WO2023170968A1 PCT/JP2022/011096 JP2022011096W WO2023170968A1 WO 2023170968 A1 WO2023170968 A1 WO 2023170968A1 JP 2022011096 W JP2022011096 W JP 2022011096W WO 2023170968 A1 WO2023170968 A1 WO 2023170968A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B11/00—Transmission systems employing ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/01—Equalisers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
- H04L25/03012—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain
- H04L25/03114—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain non-adaptive, i.e. not adjustable, manually adjustable, or adjustable only during the reception of special signals
- H04L25/03127—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain non-adaptive, i.e. not adjustable, manually adjustable, or adjustable only during the reception of special signals using only passive components
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
- H04L25/03012—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain
- H04L25/03114—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain non-adaptive, i.e. not adjustable, manually adjustable, or adjustable only during the reception of special signals
- H04L25/03146—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain non-adaptive, i.e. not adjustable, manually adjustable, or adjustable only during the reception of special signals with a recursive structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
- H04L25/03821—Inter-carrier interference cancellation [ICI]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
- H04L2025/03592—Adaptation methods
- H04L2025/03598—Algorithms
- H04L2025/03611—Iterative algorithms
- H04L2025/03636—Algorithms using least mean square [LMS]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an equalization method, an equalization device, and a receiving system.
- a multi-reception channel type adaptive equalizer is sometimes used (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2).
- This adaptive equalizer is called a multi-channel DFE (Decision feedback equalizer).
- This adaptive equalizer includes a FIR (Finite Impulse Response) filter for each reception channel.
- the adaptive equalizer performs waveform equalization by combining output values obtained by FIR filter calculation for each reception channel across all reception channels. Furthermore, the adaptive equalizer calculates the error between the equalizer output obtained by the above-mentioned equalization process and the desired signal (or provisional decision value).
- the adaptive equalizer adaptively adjusts the coefficients of the FIR filter based on this error using an adaptive algorithm such as LMS (least mean square) or RLS (recursive least square). Control. This causes the adaptive equalizer to follow variations in multipath strength and arrival direction that occur within a data frame.
- the adaptive equalizer includes a DPLL (Digital Phase-Lock Loop) inside.
- the adaptive equalizer uses a DPLL to adaptively compensate for Doppler frequency fluctuations caused by external factors such as ship rocking.
- a conventional multi-channel DFE DPLL detects the amount of phase lead (or delay) based on a comparison between the phase of the output value of the FIR filter provided in each receiving channel and the phase of the desired signal, and then converts the detected phase amount to Smooth using a loop filter. As a result, fluctuations in the Doppler frequency of each reception channel are estimated and compensated for by correcting the phase of the reception signal. Since DPLL is implemented completely independently for each receiving channel, it operates without problems even if the Doppler frequency fluctuations of each receiving channel are different.
- the phase detection accuracy is low.
- SINR signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio
- An operational environment with low SINR per receiving channel is, for example, MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) transmission, or input SNR (Signal to Noise ratio) due to the long transmission distance. transmission when the phase noise is low, when the phase noise is large due to the equipment, or when there is a lot of external noise such as impulsive noise. If the Doppler frequency cannot be estimated correctly, equalizer control will fail and demodulation performance will deteriorate.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an equalization method, an equalization device, and a receiving system that can improve demodulation performance in an environment where the influence of noise is large.
- signals received by each of the elements are inputted from one or more subarrays consisting of a set of a plurality of elements having a strong correlation with Doppler frequency transition, and the received signal is added to the received signal.
- the equalization device inputs a received signal by each of the elements from one or more subarrays consisting of a set of multiple elements having a strong correlation with Doppler frequency transition, and adds the received signal to the received signal.
- a phase rotation unit that performs phase rotation processing on a phase rotation amount calculated for the subarray to which the element that received the received signal belongs; an equalization unit that performs equalization processing on the received signal subjected to the phase rotation processing; , a calculation unit that averages the phase amounts of the received signals by the elements belonging to the sub-array, and calculates the phase rotation amount for performing phase compensation by the phase rotation processing using the averaged phase amount; , is provided.
- a receiving system includes one or more subarrays each consisting of a set of a plurality of elements having a strong correlation with Doppler frequency transitions, and a received signal by each of the elements, to which the element receiving the received signal belongs.
- a phase rotation unit that performs phase rotation processing on the amount of phase rotation calculated for the subarray; an equalization unit that performs equalization processing on the received signal that has been subjected to the phase rotation processing; and, for each of the subarrays, the elements belonging to the subarray.
- a calculation unit that calculates the phase rotation amount for performing phase compensation by the phase rotation processing using the averaged phase amount.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a receiving array according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the example of installation of the subarray by the same embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of an equalizer according to the same embodiment. It is a figure showing experimental specifications. It is a diagram showing an experimental system.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing experimental results. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a conventional equalizer; FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of an equalizer 90 using a conventional technique.
- Equalizer 90 is a multi-channel DFE.
- the number of reception channels of the equalizer 90 is N (N is an integer of 2 or more).
- the signal input to the equalizer 90 is, for example, a sound wave received by an array of N receivers arranged in a row.
- Equalizer 90 receives input signals for each channel.
- the n-th channel will be described as channel ch(n), and the input signal of channel ch(n) will be described as input R(n).
- n is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N.
- the equalizer 90 includes N phase rotation units 91, N FF filters (FF-filters) 92, an adder 93, and an FB-filter (FB-filter) 94. It has an acquisition section 95, an error calculation section 96, an adaptive algorithm section 97, and N DPLLs 98.
- the phase rotation unit 91, FF filter 92, and DPLL 98 corresponding to channel ch(n) will be referred to as a phase rotation unit 91-n, an FF filter 92-n, and a DPLL 98-n, respectively.
- the phase rotation unit 91-n performs phase rotation processing on the input R(n).
- the FF filter 92-n performs FF filter processing on the input R(n) that has been subjected to the phase rotation processing, and outputs a waveform-equalized signal p k,n . k is the sample number.
- the adder 93 combines signals p k,1 to p k,N that have been individually processed for each channel ch(1) to ch(N).
- the adder 93 may also combine the output q k of the FB filter 94 in addition to the signals p k,1 to p k,N . This synthesis is shown by the following equation (1).
- the combined signal y k is the equalizer output.
- subscript k represents the kth sample output after the equalizer 90 operates. represents.
- the acquisition unit 95 obtains a desired signal d k corresponding to the equalizer output y k by performing symbol determination on the equalizer output y k or by reading out previously stored training data.
- the equalizer output y k can also be considered as an estimated value obtained when the desired signal d k is transmitted.
- Equalizer 90 outputs equalizer output yk for subsequent processing.
- the error calculation unit 96 obtains an error signal e k based on the difference between the equalizer output y k and the desired signal d k .
- the adaptive algorithm section 97 updates the filter coefficients of the FF filters 92-1 to 92-N and the coefficients of the FB filter 94 by driving an adaptive algorithm based on the error signal e k .
- DPLL98-1 to DPLL98-N detect the phase amount of signals pk,n .
- the phase amount of the signal p k,n is the phase lead amount (or phase delay amount) of the signal p k,n from the desired signal d k .
- the calculation formula for detecting the phase value which is the value of the phase amount of the signal pk,n, is as follows.
- DPLL98-1 to DPLL98-N may calculate the phase detection value g k,n of the signal p k , n by applying either equation (2) or equation (3).
- Im represents the imaginary part.
- the * on the right shoulder indicates complex conjugate.
- the DPLL 98-n obtains the phase rotation amount exp(j ⁇ k+1, n ) of the channel ch( n ) in the k+1st repetition by applying loop filter processing to the phase detection value g k,n .
- ⁇ k+1,n is calculated by the following equation (4).
- K 1 and K 2 are loop filter coefficients of the DPLL98.
- the phase rotation amount exp(j ⁇ k+1,n ) calculated in each iteration is an estimated amount calculated individually for each channel ch(n).
- the DPLL 98-n outputs the calculated phase rotation amount exp(j ⁇ k+1,n ) to the phase rotation unit 91-n.
- the phase rotation unit 91-n provides a phase rotation amount exp(j ⁇ k+1,n ) to the (k+1 )th sample of the input R(n).
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a receiving array 10 used in an embodiment of the present invention.
- the receiving array 10 has one or more subarrays 11.
- Each subarray 11 is composed of a set of receivers 12 having two or more elements.
- the wave receiver 12 is also described as an element.
- N sub (N sub is an integer greater than or equal to 1) subarrays 11 included in the receiving array 10 are respectively referred to as subarrays 11-1 to 11-N sub .
- the M n receivers 12 arranged in the sub-array 11-n are respectively written as receivers 12-(n, 1) to 12-(n, M n ).
- n is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Nsub .
- M n is an integer of 2 or more.
- the receiving array 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a subarray 11-1, a subarray 11-2, and a subarray 11-3.
- the sub-array 11-1 includes three elements, receivers 12-(1,1) to 12-(1,3).
- the sub-array 11-2 includes four elements of receivers 12-(2,1) to 12-(2,4).
- the sub-array 11-3 is comprised of four elements: receivers 12-(3,1) to 12-(3,4).
- the receivers 12 forming each sub-array 11 are physically very close to each other.
- the plurality of receivers 12 constituting the sub-array 11 have a strong positive correlation in Doppler frequency transitions.
- the distance between the plurality of receivers 12 constituting one subarray 11 may be within a threshold value.
- the threshold value is determined, for example, based on the distance between the subarrays 11 where the Doppler frequency transitions have a positive correlation of more than a predetermined value.
- the subarrays 11 are installed at separate locations.
- Doppler frequency fluctuations occurring in different subarrays 11 may differ.
- the three receivers 12-(1,1) to 12-(1,3) are arranged in very close physical positions, so these receivers 12-(1,1) to 12-(1,3) can be considered to be subject to the same Doppler frequency fluctuation.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of how the sub-array 11 is installed.
- FIG. 2 shows a view of the ship 20 from the front.
- a subarray 11-1 is installed on one side of the ship 20, and a subarray 11-2 is installed on the other side.
- a transmitter 30 is installed directly below the ship 20.
- the subarray 11-1 moves away from the transmitter 30, as shown by arrow A1. Therefore, the Doppler frequencies of the receivers 12-(1,1) to 12-(1,M 1 ) in the sub-array 11-1 are uniformly low.
- sub-array 11-2 moves closer to transmitter 30 as shown by arrow A2. Therefore, the Doppler frequencies of the receivers 12-(2,1) to 12-(2,M 2 ) in the sub-array 11-2 uniformly become high.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the equalizer 50.
- the receiving system of this embodiment includes the receiving array 10 shown in FIG. 1, an analog-to-digital converter (not shown), and an equalizer 50 shown in FIG. 3.
- the analog-to-digital converter converts the signals received by each element of the wave receiving array 10 from analog signals to digital signals, and outputs the signals to the equalizer 50.
- the equalizer 50 performs signal equalization through digital filter processing.
- the equalizer 50 includes L phase rotation units 51, L FF filters 52, an adder 53, an FB filter 54, an acquisition unit 55, an error calculation unit 56, an adaptive algorithm unit 57, N sub DPLLs 58.
- the equalizer 50 receives signals from each of the N sub subarrays 11.
- the n-th sub-array 11-n (in the case of the equalizer 50, n is an integer from 1 to N sub ) has M n receivers 12-(n, 1) to 12- (n, M n ). That is, each subarray 11-n has M n channels.
- M 1 to M Nsub do not necessarily all have to be the same number.
- the channels belonging to the receivers 12-(n, 1) to 12-(n, M n ) of the sub-array 11-n are expressed as channels ch(n, 1) to ch(n, M n ).
- the input signals of channels ch(n,1) to ch(n,M n ) are denoted as inputs R(n,1) to R(n,M n ).
- the input R (n, m n ) is a signal obtained by converting the signal of the channel ch (n, m n ) received by the receiver 12-(n, m n ) from an analog signal to a digital signal (m n is an integer from 1 to Mn ).
- the equalizer 50 includes a phase rotation unit 51 and an FF filter 52 corresponding to each receiver 12-(n, m n ).
- the phase rotation unit 51 and the FF filter 52 corresponding to the receiver 12-(n, m n ) are respectively written as the phase rotation unit 51-(n, m n ) and the FF filter 52-(n, m n ). .
- the phase rotation unit 51-(n,m n ) performs phase rotation processing on the input R(n, m n ) of the channel ch(n, m n ).
- the FF filter 52-(n, m n ) performs FF filter processing on the k-th sample of the input R (n, m n ) that has undergone phase rotation processing, and outputs a signal p k, (n, m_n). do.
- the equalizer 50 has N sub DPLLs 58 corresponding to each subarray 11.
- the DPLL 58 corresponding to the sub-array 11-n is referred to as DPLL 58-n.
- Other components of equalizer 50 are similar to conventional equalizer 90 shown in FIG. That is, the functions of the adder 53, FB filter 54, acquisition section 55, error calculation section 56, and adaptive algorithm section 57 are as follows: The function is similar to that of the algorithm section 97. However, the adder 53 outputs signals p k, (1, 1) to signals p k, ( Nsub, M_N_sub) . The adder 53 may also combine the output q k of the FB filter 54.
- the DPLL 58-n receives signals p k, (n, 1) to p k, (which are outputs from the FF filters 52-(n, 1) to 52-(n, M n ) belonging to the sub-array 11-n, respectively .
- a phase detection value is obtained using the summed value of n, M_n) .
- the DPLL 58-n calculates the phase detection value g k,n using the following equation (5).
- the DPLL 58-n may calculate the phase detection value g k,n using the following equation (6), which is an extension of the modified form of Non-Patent Document 2.
- Sub Array: n in the formula is a set of channel numbers of the receivers 12-(n, 1) to 12-(n, M n ) belonging to the sub-array 11-n.
- the phase detection value g k,n corresponds to an average of the phase amounts of the signals received by the elements belonging to the sub-array 11-n.
- the DPLL58-n averages the detected phases of the signals p k, (n, 1) to p k, (n, M_n) using the following equation (7) to calculate the phase detection value g. You may calculate k and n .
- the DPLL 58-n may calculate the phase detection value g k,n using the following equation (8). Equation (8) similarly provides an averaging effect for noise.
- ⁇ m is the averaging weight.
- ⁇ m 1/M n , but other values may be used.
- equation (5) becomes equation (9) below.
- the DPLL 58-n may directly calculate the phase detection value g k,n approximately from the equalizer output y k and the desired signal d k using equation (9). Similarly, equation (6) becomes equation (10) below.
- the DPLL 58-n may directly calculate the phase detection value g k,n approximately from the equalizer output y k and the desired signal d k using equation (10).
- DPLL 58-n gives the same amount of phase rotation to all input channels ch(n,1) to ch(n,M n ) connected to sub-array 11-n. That is, the DPLL 58-n outputs the calculated phase rotation amount to the phase rotation units 51-(n,1) to 51-(n,M n ).
- the DPLL 58-n obtains the phase rotation amount exp(j ⁇ k+1,n ) of the (k+1)th symbol using ⁇ k+1,n calculated by the following equation (11).
- K 1 (n) and K 2 (n) are loop filter coefficients of the DPLL 58-n.
- the update equation for providing ⁇ k+1,n may be an algorithm that automatically optimizes the loop filter coefficients, such as the Kalman filter method.
- the Kalman filter method is described in Reference 1, for example.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a table describing experimental specifications. This test was conducted using the equalizer 90 of the prior art and the equalizer 50 of this embodiment under the same conditions except for the implementation of DPLL.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the experimental system. As shown in FIG. 5, the transmission system was suspended and fixed at a depth of 200 m.
- the receiving point P1 is a receiving array 10 on a ship.
- Four sub-arrays 11 each consisting of a four-element receiver 12 were arranged at intervals of 5 m on a ship. That is, a total of 16 elements were arranged. The spacing between the four receivers 12 in each subarray 11 is 5 cm.
- the receiving point P1 was fixedly installed on the side of the ship so that the water depth was 2 m, and the ship sailed around a circular course at an average speed of 6 knots, as shown in FIG.
- the transmission system periodically transmitted packets at 5 second intervals from transmission point P2.
- the reception point P1 performed reception and collected packets. Reception processing was performed on the collected packets as follows.
- the training data series was placed at the beginning of the frame.
- the filter coefficients were initially converged in the interval of the training sequence.
- the symbols tentatively determined for each equalization were used to operate an adaptive filter to follow fluctuations in the transmission path.
- the DPLL was operated in parallel to follow the phase fluctuations.
- the conventional equalizer 90 was updated using equation (3) according to Non-Patent Document 2, and the configuration of the present embodiment was updated using equation (6). All processing other than the equalization block, such as synchronization, was the same.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the experimental results.
- the horizontal axis is the input SNR, and the vertical axis is the SNR at the equalizer output.
- a circle mark indicates a packet that was successfully demodulated (error-free packet), and a cross mark indicates a packet that failed to demodulate (error packet).
- FIG. 6(a) shows the results of the equalizer 90 using the DPLL method of the prior art
- FIG. 6(b) shows the results of the equalizer 50 using the DPLL method of the present embodiment.
- this embodiment showed clear improvement compared to the conventional technology. Therefore, the DPLL method of this embodiment was shown to be effective.
- a plurality of elements under physically similar environments are grouped into a subarray.
- the equalizer performs equalization by comparing d k , which is a combination of the desired signals of each channel across all channels, and y k , which is a combination of the FIR outputs of each channel over all channels.
- the equalizer uses e k, which is the result of the phase comparison between d k and y k , to perform the DPLL algorithm for each subarray. That is, the equalizer performs phase compensation for each subarray. As a result, the noise is averaged and canceled, thereby improving phase compensation accuracy and further improving demodulation performance.
- an analog PLL can also be used instead of the DPLL.
- the equalizer performs phase detection by comparing the symbol determination value and the equalizer output, converts the obtained phase detection value into an analog quantity, and feeds it back to the analog PLL device.
- Analog PLL devices perform similar processing to the DPLL described above.
- the receiving system includes a receiving array and an equalizer.
- the receiving array has one or more subarrays. Each subarray consists of a set of elements that have a strong positive correlation with Doppler frequency transitions. A set of multiple elements that have a strong correlation in Doppler frequency transitions is, for example, a set of multiple elements that are close to each other.
- the equalizer is, for example, the equalizer 50 of the embodiment.
- the equalization device includes a phase rotation section, an equalization section, and a calculation section. The phase rotation unit performs phase rotation processing on the received signal received by each element of the wave receiving array by the amount of phase rotation calculated for the subarray to which the element that received the received signal belongs.
- the equalizer performs equalization processing on the received signal that has undergone phase rotation processing.
- the equalizer is, for example, the FF filter 52 of the embodiment.
- the calculation unit averages, for each subarray, the phase amount of the received signal by the elements belonging to the subarray, and calculates the phase rotation amount for performing phase compensation by phase rotation processing using the averaged phase amount.
- the calculation unit is, for example, the error calculation unit 56 and the DPLL 58 in the embodiment.
- the calculation unit may apply loop filter processing to the phase amount to calculate the phase rotation amount for each subarray.
- the calculation unit performs a comparison process that compares a desired signal with a composite signal obtained by combining all the received signals after the equalization process, and compares the comparison result of the comparison process and the equalization process of each element belonging to the subarray for each subarray.
- a phase amount calculation process that calculates an averaged phase amount based on the summation result of received signals, and a phase rotation amount that is calculated by smoothing the averaged phase amount of each of a plurality of symbols for each subarray.
- a phase rotation amount calculation process may also be performed.
- the phase amount calculation process is, for example, the equations (5) and (6) of the embodiment, and the phase rotation amount calculation process is, for example, the equation (11) of the embodiment.
- the calculation unit performs a comparison process that compares a desired signal with a composite signal obtained by combining all the received signals after the equalization process, and compares the comparison result of the comparison process and the equalization process of each element belonging to the subarray for each subarray.
- a phase amount calculation process that averages the phase amount obtained based on the received signal, and a phase rotation amount calculation process that calculates the phase rotation amount by smoothing the averaged phase amount of each of multiple symbols for each subarray. You may also do this.
- the phase amount calculation process is, for example, the equations (7) and (8) of the embodiment, and the phase rotation amount calculation process is, for example, the equation (11) of the embodiment.
- the calculation unit calculates the averaged phase amount based on the multiplication of the complex conjugate of the desired signal and the composite signal obtained by combining all received signals after equalization processing.
- the calculation process and the phase rotation amount calculation process of smoothing the averaged phase amount of each of a plurality of symbols to calculate the phase rotation amount may be performed.
- the phase amount calculation process is, for example, the equations (9) and (10) of the embodiment, and the phase rotation amount calculation process is, for example, the equation (11) of the embodiment.
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Abstract
Description
図7は、従来技術を用いた等化器90の構成を示す図である。等化器90は、マルチチャネルDFEである。等化器90の受信チャネル数はN(Nは2以上の整数)である。等化器90に入力される信号は、例えば受波器をN素子分一列に配列したアレイが受信した音波である。等化器90は、各チャネルへの入力信号を入力する。n番目のチャネルをチャネルch(n)と記載し、チャネルch(n)の入力信号を入力R(n)と記載する。等化器90の場合、nは1以上N以下の整数である。
本実施形態に至る物理的原理を説明する。図1は本発明の実施形態において用いられる受波アレイ10の構成を示す図である。受波アレイ10は、サブアレイ11をひとつ以上有する。各サブアレイ11は、2素子以上の受波器12の組で構成される。以下では、受波器12を素子とも記載する。受波アレイ10が有するNsub個(Nsubは1以上の整数)のサブアレイ11をそれぞれ、サブアレイ11-1~11-Nsubと記載する。サブアレイ11-nに配置されたMn個の受波器12をそれぞれ、受波器12-(n,1)~12-(n,Mn)と記載する。本実施形態において、nは1以上Nsub以下の整数である。Mnは2以上の整数である。
図3は、等化器50の構成を示す図である。本実施形態の受信システムは、図1に示す受波アレイ10と、アナログデジタル変換部(図示せず)と、図3に示す等化器50とを有する。アナログデジタル変換部は、受波アレイ10の各素子が受信した信号をアナログ信号からデジタル信号に変換し、等化器50に出力する。等化器50は、ディジタルフィルタ処理により信号等化を行う。
11、11-1~11-3、11-Nsub サブアレイ
12、12-(1,1)~12-(1,3)、12-(2,1)~12-(2,4)、12-(3,1)~12-(3,4) 受波器
20 船舶
30 送信機
50、90 等化器
51-(1,1)~51-(Nsub,MN_sub) 位相回転部
52-(1,1)~51-(Nsub,MN_sub) FFフィルタ
53 加算器
54 FBフィルタ
55 取得部
56 誤差計算部
57 適応アルゴリズム部
58-1~58-Nsub DPLL
90 等化器
91-1~91-N 位相回転部
92-1~92-N FFフィルタ
93 加算器
94 FBフィルタ
95 取得部
96 誤差計算部
97 適応アルゴリズム部
Claims (8)
- ドップラー周波数の遷移に強い相関を有する複数の素子の組からなる一以上のサブアレイから前記素子それぞれによる受信信号を入力し、前記受信信号に、当該受信信号を受信した前記素子が属する前記サブアレイについて算出された位相回転量の位相回転処理を行う位相回転ステップと、
位相回転処理された前記受信信号に等化処理を行う等化ステップと、
前記サブアレイごとに、前記サブアレイに属する前記素子による前記受信信号の位相量を平均化し、前記位相回転処理により位相補償を行うための前記位相回転量を、平均化された前記位相量を用いて算出する算出ステップと、
を有する等化方法。 - 前記算出ステップにおいては、前記サブアレイごとに、平均化された前記位相量にループフィルタ処理を適用して前記位相回転量を算出する、
請求項1に記載の等化方法。 - 前記算出ステップにおいては、等化処理後の全ての前記受信信号を合成した合成信号と所望信号とを比較する比較処理と、前記サブアレイごとに、前記比較処理による比較結果と前記サブアレイに属する前記素子それぞれの等化処理後の前記受信信号の加算結果とに基づいて、平均化された位相量を算出する位相量算出処理と、前記サブアレイごとに、複数のシンボルそれぞれの平均化された前記位相量を平滑化して前記位相回転量を算出する位相回転量算出処理とを行う、
請求項1に記載の等化方法。 - 前記算出ステップにおいては、等化処理後の全ての前記受信信号を合成した合成信号と所望信号とを比較する比較処理と、前記サブアレイごとに、前記比較処理による比較結果と前記サブアレイに属する前記素子それぞれの等化処理後の前記受信信号とに基づいて得られる位相量を平均化する位相量算出処理と、前記サブアレイごとに、複数のシンボルそれぞれの平均化された前記位相量を平滑化して前記位相回転量を算出する位相回転量算出処理とを行う、
請求項1に記載の等化方法。 - 前記サブアレイが一つである場合、前記算出ステップにおいては、等化処理後の全ての前記受信信号を合成した合成信号と所望信号の複素共役との乗算に基づいて、平均化された位相量を算出する位相量算出処理と、複数のシンボルそれぞれの平均化された前記位相量を平滑化して前記位相回転量を算出する位相回転量算出処理とを行う、
請求項1に記載の等化方法。 - ドップラー周波数の遷移に強い相関を有する複数の前記素子の組は、距離が近い複数の前記素子の組である、
請求項1から請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の等化方法。 - ドップラー周波数の遷移に強い相関を有する複数の素子の組からなる一以上のサブアレイから前記素子それぞれによる受信信号を入力し、前記受信信号に、当該受信信号を受信した前記素子が属する前記サブアレイについて算出された位相回転量の位相回転処理を行う位相回転部と、
位相回転処理された前記受信信号に等化処理を行う等化部と、
前記サブアレイごとに、前記サブアレイに属する前記素子による前記受信信号の位相量を平均化し、前記位相回転処理により位相補償を行うための前記位相回転量を、平均化された前記位相量を用いて算出する算出部と、
を備える等化装置。 - ドップラー周波数の遷移に強い相関を有する複数の素子の組からなる一以上のサブアレイと、
前記素子それぞれによる受信信号に、当該受信信号を受信した前記素子が属する前記サブアレイについて算出された位相回転量の位相回転処理を行う位相回転部と、
位相回転処理された前記受信信号に等化処理を行う等化部と、
前記サブアレイごとに、前記サブアレイに属する前記素子による前記受信信号の位相量を平均化し、前記位相回転処理により位相補償を行うための前記位相回転量を、平均化された前記位相量を用いて算出する算出部と、
を備える受信システム。
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| JP2001136114A (ja) * | 1999-11-02 | 2001-05-18 | Nec Corp | 水中通信復調器 |
| US20030214881A1 (en) * | 2002-05-14 | 2003-11-20 | Tsih Yang | Underwater telemetry apparatus and method |
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| US20230344122A1 (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-10-26 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Signaling for z-rotation estimation |
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