WO2023177209A1 - 발광 다이오드 및 그것을 갖는 발광 소자 - Google Patents
발광 다이오드 및 그것을 갖는 발광 소자 Download PDFInfo
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- H10H20/824—Materials of the light-emitting regions comprising only Group III-V materials, e.g. GaP
- H10H20/825—Materials of the light-emitting regions comprising only Group III-V materials, e.g. GaP containing nitrogen, e.g. GaN
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Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to light emitting diodes, and more particularly, to light emitting diodes that emit light in multiple bands at a single chip level.
- Nitride semiconductors are used as light sources in display devices, traffic lights, lighting, and optical communication devices, and are mainly used in light emitting diodes or laser diodes that emit blue or green light. Additionally, nitride semiconductors can also be used in heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBT) and high electron mobility transistors (HEMT).
- HBT heterojunction bipolar transistors
- HEMT high electron mobility transistors
- a light emitting diode using a nitride semiconductor has a heterojunction structure with a quantum well structure between the N contact layer and the P contact layer.
- a light emitting diode emits light according to the composition of the well layer in the quantum well structure.
- light emitting diodes are designed to emit light in a spectrum with a single peak, that is, monochromatic light.
- the problem that the present disclosure aims to solve is to provide a light emitting diode that emits light of a multi-band spectrum at the single chip level and a light emitting device having the same.
- Another problem that the present disclosure aims to solve is to provide a new technology that can adjust the relative intensity between bands of a multi-band spectrum.
- Another problem that the present disclosure aims to solve is to provide a new technology that can increase the intensity of light in a relatively short wavelength band even under low current density conditions.
- a light emitting diode includes a first conductive semiconductor layer; a second conductive semiconductor layer; a lower active layer disposed between the first conductive semiconductor layer and the second conductive semiconductor layer; and an upper active layer disposed between the lower active layer and the second conductivity type semiconductor layer, wherein the lower active layer emits light with a shorter wavelength than the upper active layer, and the upper active layer includes a plurality of well layers and a plurality of barrier layers. wherein at least one barrier layer among the plurality of barrier layers includes a first barrier layer and a second barrier layer having a lower n-type impurity doping concentration than the first barrier layer, and the first barrier layer includes the It is closer to the first conductive semiconductor layer than to the second barrier layer.
- the lower active layer may emit light having a first peak intensity below 500 nm, and the upper active layer may emit light having a second peak intensity above 500 nm.
- the second barrier layer may be doped with a lower doping concentration than the first barrier layer or may be formed without intentional doping.
- Both of the plurality of barrier layers may include the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer.
- More than half of the plurality of barrier layers, excluding some barrier layers, may include the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer, and the barrier layers including the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer may include the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer. 2 It can be placed close to the conductive semiconductor layer.
- Half of the plurality of barrier layers may include the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer, and the barrier layers including the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer are close to the second conductive semiconductor layer. can be placed.
- Less than half of the plurality of barrier layers may include the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer, and the barrier layers including the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer may be connected to the second conductive semiconductor layer. Can be placed close together.
- At least two of the plurality of barrier layers may include the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer, and the second barrier layers of the at least two barrier layers may have different doping concentrations.
- the at least two barrier layers may be arranged in order of high or low doping concentration.
- Barrier layers including the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer may be disposed close to the second conductive semiconductor layer.
- the plurality of well layers may each include In, the In content profile in the upper active layer may have peak points and valley points, and the doping profile of the n-type impurity in the upper active layer may have peak points and valley points. And, peak points of the doping profile of the n-type impurity may be located away from valley points of the In content profile.
- Peak points of the doping profile of the n-type impurity may be located between the peak point and the valley point of the In content profile.
- Peak points of the n-type impurity doping profile may be located between two peak points of the In content profile.
- the doping profile of the n-type impurity may be left and right asymmetric based on the peak point of the doping profile of the n-type impurity.
- the light emitting diode includes a V-pit generation layer disposed between the first conductive semiconductor layer and the lower active layer; And it may further include a superlattice layer disposed between the V-pit generation layer and the lower active layer.
- the light emitting diode may further include an electron block layer disposed between the second conductive semiconductor layer and the upper active layer.
- the intensity of light emitted from the lower active layer may be greater than the intensity of light emitted from the upper active layer.
- a light emitting device includes a first lead and a second lead; a housing covering the first and second leads and defining a cavity; and a light emitting diode disposed in the cavity of the housing and electrically connected to the first and second leads, wherein the light emitting diode includes: a first conductivity type semiconductor layer; a second conductive semiconductor layer; a lower active layer disposed between the first conductive semiconductor layer and the second conductive semiconductor layer; and an upper active layer disposed between the lower active layer and the second conductivity type semiconductor layer, wherein the lower active layer emits light with a shorter wavelength than the upper active layer, and the upper active layer includes a plurality of well layers and a plurality of barrier layers.
- At least one barrier layer among the plurality of barrier layers includes a first barrier layer and a second barrier layer having a lower n-type impurity doping concentration than the first barrier layer, and the first barrier layer includes the It is closer to the first conductive semiconductor layer than to the second barrier layer.
- the plurality of well layers may each include In, the In content profile in the upper active layer may have peak points and valley points, and the doping profile of the n-type impurity in the upper active layer may have peak points and valley points. And, peak points of the doping profile of the n-type impurity may be located away from valley points of the In content profile.
- the light emitting device can emit white light without a phosphor.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a light emitting diode according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing a portion of FIG. 1 enlarged.
- Figure 3 is a schematic band diagram for explaining a light emitting diode according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the long-wavelength side active area of the light emitting diode according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Figure 5 shows profiles of In content and Si content in the long-wavelength side active region of the light emitting diode according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Figure 6A is a schematic band diagram for explaining a light emitting diode according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Figure 6B shows the profiles of In content and Si content in the long-wavelength side active region of the light emitting diode according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Figure 7A is a schematic band diagram for explaining a light emitting diode according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Figure 7B shows the profiles of In content and Si content in the long-wavelength side active region of the light emitting diode according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Figure 8A is a schematic band diagram for explaining a light emitting diode according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Figure 8B shows the profile of In content and Si content in the long-wavelength side active region of the light emitting diode according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Figure 9A is a schematic band diagram for explaining a light emitting diode according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Figure 9B shows the profile of In content and Si content in the long-wavelength side active region of the light emitting diode according to the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 10A is a schematic band diagram for explaining a light emitting diode according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Figure 10B shows the profile of In content and Si content in the long-wavelength side active region of the light emitting diode according to the sixth embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Figure 11 is a graph for explaining the light intensity according to the wavelength of the light emitting diode manufactured according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Figure 12A is a schematic plan view for explaining a light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Figure 12B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' in Figure 12A.
- Figure 12C is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B' in Figure 12A.
- Figure 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a light-emitting device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the light emitting diode 100 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic partial cross-sectional view of a portion of FIG. 1
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a light emitting diode 100 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure
- 1 is a schematic band diagram for explaining the light emitting diode according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the long wavelength side active area of the light emitting diode according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the light emitting diode 100 includes a lower active layer 30 and an upper active layer 60. Furthermore, the light emitting diode 100 may include a substrate 21, a first conductive semiconductor layer 23, a V-pit generation layer 27, and a second conductive semiconductor layer 33, and may additionally include electronic It may further include a block layer 31.
- the substrate 21 is a growth substrate for growing a gallium nitride-based semiconductor layer, and may be, for example, a sapphire substrate, GaN substrate, SiC substrate, Si substrate, or spinel substrate.
- the substrate 21 may have protrusions and may be, for example, a patterned sapphire substrate.
- the present disclosure is not limited to this, and may be a substrate with a flat top surface, for example, a sapphire substrate.
- the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 23 may include a nitride-based semiconductor layer doped with n-type impurities, and may be formed, for example, of a GaN layer doped with Si.
- the Si doping concentration in the first conductive semiconductor layer 23 may be 5 ⁇ 10 17 /cm3 to 5 ⁇ 10 19 /cm3.
- the first conductive semiconductor layer 23 uses MOCVD (Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition) technology to supply a metal source gas into the chamber at 150 Torr to 200 Torr at 1000°C to 1200°C (e.g., 1050°C to 1100°C). Can be grown under growth pressure.
- MOCVD Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition
- the first conductive semiconductor layer 23 may include an n-type contact layer. Additionally, in order to grow the first conductive semiconductor layer 23 on the substrate 21, a nuclear layer and a high-temperature buffer layer may be additionally formed. A nuclear layer, a high-temperature buffer layer, and a first conductive semiconductor layer 23 may be formed continuously in a chamber on the substrate 21, and the real potential formed in the high-temperature buffer layer is transferred to the first conductive semiconductor layer 23. It can be.
- the first conductive semiconductor layer 23 may have a first refractive index (n1), and the surface in contact with the patterned substrate 21 of the first conductive semiconductor layer 23 may be an interface where the refractive index changes.
- the substrate 21 may have a refractive index that is smaller than the refractive index of the first conductive semiconductor layer 23, and therefore, when the light generated in the active layers 30 and 60 is incident on the substrate 21, it has a refractive index with respect to the normal line of the interface. It can be refracted at an angle greater than the angle of incidence. Therefore, by adopting the substrate 21 having a refractive index smaller than that of the first conductive semiconductor layer 23, light can be evenly distributed from the top surface of the substrate 21 to the side surface.
- the first conductive semiconductor layer 23 may have a band gap energy higher than the energy of light generated by the light emitting diode 100. Therefore, the first conductive semiconductor layer 23 has a low light absorption rate with respect to the light generated by the light emitting diode 100.
- the V-pit creation layer 27 is located on the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 23.
- the V-pit creation layer 27 may be formed of, for example, a GaN layer.
- the V-pit generation layer 27 may be grown at a relatively lower temperature than the first conductive semiconductor layer 23, for example, about 900° C., and accordingly, the V-pits (27v) in the V-pit generation layer 27 ) are formed.
- V-pit creation layer 27 By growing the V-pit creation layer 27 at a relatively lower temperature than the first conductive semiconductor layer 23, the crystal quality of the growing nitride semiconductor layer is artificially lowered and three-dimensional growth is promoted to form V-pits ( 27v) can be generated.
- the V-pits 27v may have a hexagonal pyramid shape when the growth plane of the nitride semiconductor layer is a c-plane. V-pits 27v may be formed at the top of the real potential 27d.
- the V-pit creation layer 27 may be formed to have a thickness thinner than the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 23, for example, about 450 nm to 600 nm.
- the size of the V-pits 27v formed in the V-pit creation layer 27 can be adjusted through the growth conditions and growth time of the V-pit creation layer 27.
- the maximum width of the entrance of the V-pits 27v formed in the V-pit creation layer 27 may generally exceed about 200 nm.
- the maximum width of the entrance of the V-pit 27v may be greater than the thickness of at least one of the lower active layer 30 and the upper active layer 60.
- the maximum width of the entrance of the V-pit 27v may be smaller than the thickness of the first conductive semiconductor layer 23. Accordingly, a plurality of wavelengths contributing to the white wavelength exceed the active layer, and light mixing can be effectively achieved in the first conductive semiconductor layer 23.
- the V-pit creation layer 27 is described as being a single layer, but it is not limited thereto and may be a multi-layer.
- the V-pit generation layer 27 may include at least two of GaN, AlGaN, InGaN, or AlGaInN layers.
- the thickness of the V-pit creation layer 27 particularly affects the size of the V-pit 27v. Moreover, the size of the V-pit (27v) is considered to play a major role in generating multi-band spectrum light.
- the V-pit generation layer 27 may have a higher bandgap energy than the energy of light generated by the light emitting diode 100, and therefore has a low light absorption rate with respect to the light generated by the light emitting diode 100. Furthermore, with respect to light generated from the light emitting diode 100, the light absorption rate of the V-pit generation layer 27 may be higher than the light absorption rate of the electron blocking layer 31. In particular, when a plurality of peak wavelengths are formed in the light emitting diode 100, the light absorption rate in the V-pit generation layer 27 may be higher than that in the electron block layer 31 for the spectrum of light having a relatively shorter peak wavelength. there is.
- the V-pit creation layer 27 may have a refractive index (n2) that is smaller than the refractive index of the well layers 30a and 60a of the active layers 30 and 60.
- the V-pit creation layer 27 may have a refractive index (n2) greater than the refractive index of the barrier layers 30b and 60b of the active layers 30 and 60.
- the refractive index of the V-pit creation layer 27 has a value between the refractive indexes of the well layers 30a and 60a and the refractive indexes of the barrier layers 30b and 60b, the rapid change in refractive index of the well layer and the barrier layer is alleviated. It can help extract light by playing a role.
- the superlattice layer 29 may be disposed on the V-pit creation layer 27.
- the superlattice layer 29 may be grown along the V-pits 27v of the V-pit creation layer 27.
- the superlattice layer 29 may be formed of multiple pairs of InGaN/GaN, for example.
- the superlattice layer 29 may be adopted to improve the crystal quality of the lower active layer 30 and upper active layer 60 formed on the V-pit generation layer 27.
- the lower active layer 30 and the upper active layer 60 may be disposed on the superlattice layer 29.
- the lower active layer 30 and the upper active layer 60 may have a multi-quantum well structure and may emit light by recombination of electrons and holes.
- the lower active layer 30 and the upper active layer 60 are located on the V-pit creation layer 27 and can be grown along the shape of the V-pits 27v formed in the V-pit creation layer 27.
- the lower active layer 30 and the upper active layer 60 may be implemented with at least one of group II-VI and group III-V compound semiconductors.
- the lower active layer 30 includes a plurality of well layers 30a and a plurality of barrier layers 30b, and the well layers 30a and barrier layers 30b are arranged alternately.
- the well layer 30a and the barrier layer 30b may be formed of a semiconductor material having a composition formula of InxAlyGa1-x-yN (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ x+y ⁇ 1). You can.
- the upper active layer 60 may also have a structure in which a plurality of well layers 60a and a plurality of barrier layers 60b are alternately arranged.
- the lower active layer 30 emits light of a shorter wavelength than the upper active layer 60, and therefore, the well layer of the lower active layer 30 may have a wider bandgap than the well layer 60a of the upper active layer 60.
- the In content in the well layer of the lower active layer 30 is less than the In content in the well layer 60a of the upper active layer 60.
- the lower active layer 30 and the upper active layer 60 may be grown along the shape of the top surface of the V-pit creation layer 27, including a region grown along the flat surface of the V-pit creation layer 27 and It may include an area formed along the slope of the V-pit.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the area where the lower active layer 30 and the upper active layer 60 are grown along the flat surface of the V-pit creation layer 27.
- the crystal plane of the flat surface of the V-pit generation layer 27 is a (0001) plane
- the lower active layer 30 and the upper active layer 60 can be grown in a direction perpendicular to the flat surface.
- the slope of the V-pit (27v) has a crystal plane of (10-11) or ⁇ 10-11 ⁇
- the lower and upper active layers 30 and 600 grown along the slope of the V-pit (27v) are [ 10-11] or ⁇ 10-11> direction.
- the crystal plane ⁇ 10-11 ⁇ of the V-pit inclined surface and the vector ⁇ 10-11> are the six inclined surfaces of the hexagonal pyramid-shaped V-pit and the 6 Indicates the dog inclined axis.
- the well layers 30a formed outside the V-pit 27v in the lower active layer 30 have the third refractive index n3, and the well layers 30a formed along the slope of the V-pit 27v have the third refractive index n3. It has a refractive index (n4), and the third refractive index (n3) may be greater than the fourth refractive index (n4).
- the light emitting diode 100 may include regions with different refractive indices within the lower active layer 30. When the direction from the lower active layer 30 to the substrate 21 is referred to as the first direction, and the direction perpendicular to the first direction is referred to as the second direction, regions having different refractive indexes according to the second direction are included, thereby facilitating light extraction.
- a plurality of regions having the fourth refractive index n4 may be arranged, and regions having the third refractive index n3 may be arranged between regions having the fourth refractive index n4.
- the well layers 60a formed outside the V-pit 27v in the upper active layer 60 have the fifth refractive index n5, and the well layers 60a formed along the slope of the V-pit 27v have the fifth refractive index n5. It has a refractive index (n6), and the fifth refractive index (n5) may be greater than the sixth refractive index (n6).
- the upper active layer 60 may include regions with different refractive indices within one layer.
- the first direction When the direction from the upper active layer 60 to the substrate 21 is referred to as the first direction and the direction perpendicular to the first direction is referred to as the second direction, a region in which the upper active layer 60 has different refractive indexes according to the second direction Since it includes them, it can be more effective in light extraction and can be effective in implementing white light and colored light.
- the upper active layer 60 may include a plurality of regions having a sixth refractive index (n6), and the regions having the fifth refractive index (n5) are between the regions having the sixth refractive index (n6). can be placed.
- the fifth refractive index (n5) may have a refractive index greater than the third refractive index (n3)
- the sixth refractive index (n6) may have a refractive index greater than the fourth refractive index (n4).
- the first refractive index, the second refractive index, the third refractive index, and the fifth refractive index may have a relationship of n1 ⁇ n2 ⁇ n3 ⁇ n5.
- the composition ratio of group III elements, that is, In, Al, and Ga, of the well layers in the active layers 30 and 60 may be selected according to the required light.
- the upper active layer 60 and lower active layer 30 may emit light of different peak wavelengths.
- the band of light emitted from the upper active layer 60 and the band of light emitted from the lower active layer 30 may be spaced apart from each other.
- the band of light emitted from the upper active layer 60 and the band of light emitted from the lower active layer 30 may partially overlap. Additionally, a partially overlapping area may be arranged between a plurality of peaks and may have at least a partial amount of light.
- the lower active layer 30 may emit light with a shorter wavelength than the wavelength of light emitted from the upper active layer 60.
- the peak wavelength of light emitted by the lower active layer 30 may be in the range of about 350-500 nm.
- the lower active layer 30 may include an InGaN well layer and a GaN barrier layer, and the thickness of the well layer and the barrier layer are, for example, about 3.0 nm and about 5.8 nm, respectively, within the well layer to emit short wavelengths.
- the indium concentration may be about 10-20%.
- the upper active layer 60 may emit light having a peak wavelength longer than the peak wavelength of light emitted from the lower active layer 30.
- the peak wavelength of light emitted from the upper active layer 60 may be in the range of about 500-600 nm.
- the upper active layer 60 may include an InGaN well layer 60a and a GaN barrier layer 60b, and the thickness of the well layer and the barrier layer may be determined by the thickness of the well layer 30a and the barrier layer of the lower active layer 30. It may be thicker than the thickness of (30b), for example, about 3.5 nm and about 10 nm, respectively.
- the indium concentration in the well layer 60a of the upper active layer 60 is higher than the indium concentration in the well layer 30a of the lower active layer 30, for example, may be about 20-40%.
- the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the materials and thicknesses of each of the active layers 30 and 60 are not limited to those presented above.
- the barrier layers 30b and 60b may include Al and may be formed of, for example, AlGaN or InAlGaN.
- the well layers 30a and 60a may also include Al and may be formed of InAlGaN, for example.
- the last barrier layer among the barrier layers 30b of the lower active layer 30 may contact the first barrier layer among the barrier layers 60b of the upper active layer 60.
- the last barrier layer 30b of the lower active layer 30 may serve as the first barrier layer of the upper active layer 60.
- the second conductive semiconductor layer 33 is disposed on the upper active layer 60. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an electron blocking layer 31 may be disposed between the second conductive semiconductor layer 33 and the upper active layer 60.
- the electron block layer 31 may include, for example, a p-type AlxGa1-xN layer.
- the second conductive semiconductor layer 33 may be formed of a semiconductor layer doped with p-type impurities, for example, GaN.
- the second conductive semiconductor layer 33 may be formed as a single layer or multiple layers, and may include a p-type contact layer.
- the second conductive semiconductor layer 33 may have a seventh refractive index (n7).
- the second conductive semiconductor layer 33 may have a band gap higher than the energy of light generated by the light emitting diode 100, and therefore may have a relatively low light absorption rate. As shown in FIG. 1, the second conductive semiconductor layer 33 may have a concave groove on the top of the V-pit 27v.
- the second conductive semiconductor layer 33 does not completely fill the V-pits 27v, the light generated within the V-pits 27v passes through the second conductive semiconductor layer 33. It can reduce optical loss that may occur during operation. However, it is not necessarily limited to this, and the second conductive semiconductor layer 33 may be formed to fill the V-pit 27v to improve light extraction by generating light refraction due to the gentle surface.
- the second conductive semiconductor layer 33 which has a different refractive index from the active layers 30 and 60, is disposed in the V-pit 27v, scattering and total internal reflection of light generated in the active layers 30 and 60 are increased.
- the light extraction efficiency of the light emitting diode can be increased.
- the upper active layer 60 is disposed closer to the second conductivity type semiconductor layer 33 than the lower active layer 30.
- holes have relatively slow mobility compared to electrons. Holes injected from the second conductive semiconductor layer 33 mainly combine with electrons in the upper active layer 60, and therefore, the number of holes injected into the lower active layer 30 is relatively small and The intensity of the light emitted is weaker than the intensity of the light emitted from the upper active layer 60. This phenomenon is especially serious when operating under low current densities, for example, less than 35 mA/cm2.
- the present disclosure provides a structure for solving this problem, which will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 3, 4, and 5.
- each barrier layer 60b of the upper active layer 60 includes a first barrier layer 60b1 and a second barrier layer 60b2.
- the second barrier layer 60b2 is disposed closer to the second conductive semiconductor layer 33 than the first barrier layer 60b1.
- the first barrier layer 60b1 and the second barrier layer 60b2 have a difference in doping concentration of n-type impurities.
- the first barrier layer 60b1 is grown by doping n-type impurities at a higher concentration than the second barrier layer 60b2, and the second barrier layer 60b2 has a doping concentration lower than that of the first barrier layer 60b1. Doped with or grown without intentional doping. That is, the doping profile of the n-type impurity doped into the barrier layer 60b of the upper active layer 60 may be asymmetrical with respect to the center of the barrier layer 60b.
- a profile of the In content and a doping profile of n-type impurities such as Si can be seen.
- a peak (Pin) is formed at the center of each well layer (60a), and a valley (Vin) is formed at the center of the barrier layer (60b).
- a peak (Psi) is formed in an area biased from the center of the barrier layer 60b toward the 1-conductivity-type semiconductor layer 23, and the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer ( 23)
- a valley (Vsi) is formed in the area biased toward the side.
- the peak (Pin) of the In content profile and the valley (Vsi) of the Si doping profile are formed in different regions and do not coincide with each other. Additionally, the valley (Vin) of the In content profile and the peak (Psi) of the Si doping profile are formed in different regions and do not coincide with each other.
- the peak (Psi) of Si is located in the area between the two peaks (Pin) of the In content profile, and is located closer to the peak (Pin) closer to the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 23.
- the peak (Psi) of the Si doping profile is disposed between at least one valley (Vin) of the In content profile and a peak (Pin) of the In content profile disposed on one side of the at least one valley (Vin),
- a valley (Vsi) of the Si doping profile may be disposed between at least one valley (Vin) of the In content profile and a peak (Pin) of the In content profile located on the other side of the at least one valley (Vin).
- the horizontal distance (d1) from the valley (Vin) point of the In content profile to the peak (Psi) of the Si doping profile is from the valley (Vin) point of the In content profile to the valley (Vsi) of the Si doping profile. It may be different from the horizontal distance (d2) of .
- d1 may be shorter than d2.
- the doping profile of Si may be left-right asymmetric based on the peak (Psi). Additionally, the heights of the peaks Psi in the Si doping profile may be different from each other. For example, the closer to the first conductive semiconductor layer 23, the higher the peak Psi may be. Alternatively, the doping profile of Si may have different slopes on the left and right based on the peak (Psi). Therefore, gradual control of the electron movement speed becomes possible.
- the doping profile of Si may have a plurality of peaks (Psi), and the difference in Si doping concentration of the plurality of peaks (Psi) may be within 50% of the doping concentration of the highest peak (Psi).
- the barrier layers 60b formed between the well layers 60a of the upper active layer 60 have a relatively low doping concentration compared to the barrier layers 30b of the lower active layer 30.
- the barrier layers 60b of the upper active layer 60 each include a second barrier layer 60b2 having a lower doping concentration than the first barrier layer 60b1, and the second barrier layer 60b2 is It is disposed closer to the second conductive semiconductor layer 33 than to the first barrier layer 60b1. Accordingly, when holes are injected from the second conductive semiconductor layer 33, the holes injected into the upper active layer 60 first encounter the second barrier layer 60b2, which is close to the second conductive semiconductor layer 33. .
- the doping concentration of the second barrier layer 60b2 relatively low, the coupling between electrons and holes can be intentionally reduced, and the mobility of holes can be improved. Additionally, since the mobility of holes is improved, the injection efficiency of holes transferred to the lower active layer 30 increases, and the effective number of holes capable of combining with electrons in the lower active layer 30 increases.
- the first barrier layer 60b1 formed on the barrier layer 60b of the upper active layer 60 is adjacent to the second barrier layer 60b2, which has a relatively low doping concentration within the same barrier layer 60b, and the first barrier layer 60b1 is formed on the barrier layer 60b of the upper active layer 60. It may have a lower doping concentration than that of layer 60b1. Accordingly, an electron-rich region and an electron-poor region are formed together within the single barrier layer 60b. The electron-rich region is close to the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 23, and the electron-poor region is close to the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 23. 2 is disposed close to the conductive semiconductor layer 33, and holes first reach the electron-poor region.
- the thickness of the highly doped first barrier layer 60b1 within the barrier layer 60b of the upper active layer 60 becomes relatively thin, the possibility of holes tunneling without being trapped in the barrier layer 60b increases. I do it. Accordingly, holes can more easily pass through the upper active layer 60, thereby increasing the luminous efficiency of the lower active layer 30, and a white light-emitting device having a desired CIE(X,Y) range can be implemented. Additionally, cool white light can be easily implemented by increasing the emission intensity of the lower active layer 30, which emits light of short wavelength.
- the doping concentration of each of the second barrier layers 60b2 in the barrier layers 60b may be similar or the same, and accordingly, the mobility of holes may be similar to that of the upper active layer 60. It can be uniform within the entire area, and strain changes occurring within the upper active layer 60 can be reduced.
- the present disclosure is not limited to this.
- FIG. 6A is a schematic band diagram for explaining a light emitting diode according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 6B is a diagram showing the In content and Si content in the long wavelength side active region of the light emitting diode according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure. Shows the profile.
- the light emitting diode according to this embodiment is generally similar to the light emitting diode 100 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, but the doping concentration of the second barrier layers 60b2 is different. There is a difference.
- the doping concentration doped in the second barrier layers 60b2 is lower than the doping concentration doped in the first barrier layers 60b1, and further, on the side of the first conductive semiconductor layer 23, the second conductive semiconductor layer
- the doping concentration in the second barrier layers 60b2 may decrease toward the (33) side.
- the doping concentration of the second barrier layer 60b2 closest to the first conductive semiconductor layer 23 is the highest among the second barrier layers 60b2, and the second barrier closest to the second conductive semiconductor layer 33
- the doping concentration of the layer 60b2 is the lowest among the second barrier layers 60b2.
- the doping concentration may sequentially decrease from the second barrier layer 60b2 closest to the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 23 to the second barrier layer 60b2 closest to the second conductivity type semiconductor layer 33. That is, the height of the peak (Psi) of the Si doping profile may change sequentially.
- a peak (Pin) is formed at the center of each well layer (60a), and a valley (Vin) is formed at the center of the barrier layer (60b).
- a peak (Psi) is formed in an area biased from the center of the barrier layer 60b toward the 1-conductivity-type semiconductor layer 23, and the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer ( 23)
- a valley (Vsi) is formed in the area biased toward the side.
- the peak (Pin) of the In content profile and the valley (Vsi) of the Si doping profile are formed in different regions and do not coincide with each other. Additionally, the valley (Vin) of the In content profile and the peak (Psi) of the Si doping profile are formed in different regions and do not coincide with each other.
- the peak (Psi) of Si is located in the area between the two peaks (Pin) of the In content profile, and is located closer to the peak (Pin) closer to the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 23.
- the peak (Psi) of the Si doping profile is disposed between at least one valley (Vin) of the In content profile and a peak (Pin) of the In content profile disposed on one side of the at least one valley (Vin),
- a valley (Vsi) of the Si doping profile may be disposed between at least one valley (Vin) of the In content profile and a peak (Pin) of the In content profile located on the other side of the at least one valley (Vin).
- the horizontal distance (d1) from the valley (Vin) point of the In content profile to the peak (Psi) of the Si doping profile is from the valley (Vin) point of the In content profile to the valley (Vsi) of the Si doping profile. It may be different from the horizontal distance (d2) of .
- d1 may be shorter than d2.
- the doping profile of Si may be left and right asymmetric based on the peak (Psi). Additionally, the heights of the peaks Psi in the Si doping profile may be different from each other. For example, the closer to the first conductive semiconductor layer 23, the higher the peak Psi may be. Alternatively, the doping profile of Si may have different slopes on the left and right based on the peak (Psi). Therefore, gradual control of the electron movement speed becomes possible.
- the first full width at half maximum (FWHM) included in any first peak (Psi) and the second full width at half maximum (FWHM) included in the second peak (Psi) disposed adjacent to the first peak (Psi) may have different values. You can.
- the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the peak Psi located relatively higher among the plurality of peaks Psi may be formed to be smaller.
- a peak (Psi) with a smaller full width at half maximum (FWHM) may be disposed close to the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 23. Therefore, the excitation rate of the short-wavelength active layer can be increased even at low current density.
- FIG. 7A is a schematic band diagram for explaining a light emitting diode according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 7B is a diagram showing the In content and Si content in the long wavelength side active region of the light emitting diode according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure. Shows the profile.
- the light emitting diode according to this embodiment is generally similar to the light emitting diode 100 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6B, but the doping concentration of the second barrier layers 60b2 is different. There is a difference.
- the doping concentration doped in the second barrier layers 60b2 is lower than the doping concentration doped in the first barrier layers 60b1, and further, on the side of the first conductive semiconductor layer 23, the second conductive semiconductor layer
- the doping concentration in the second barrier layers 60b2 may increase toward the (33) side.
- the doping concentration of the second barrier layer 60b2 closest to the first conductive semiconductor layer 23 is the lowest among the second barrier layers 60b2, and the second barrier closest to the second conductive semiconductor layer 33
- the doping concentration of the layer 60b2 is the highest among the second barrier layers 60b2.
- the doping concentration may sequentially increase from the second barrier layer 60b2 closest to the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 23 to the second barrier layer 60b2 closest to the second conductivity type semiconductor layer 33.
- a peak (Pin) is formed at the center of each well layer (60a), and a valley (Vin) is formed at the center of the barrier layer (60b).
- a peak (Psi) is formed in an area biased from the center of the barrier layer 60b toward the 1-conductivity-type semiconductor layer 23, and the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer ( 23)
- a valley (Vsi) is formed in the area biased toward the side.
- the peak (Pin) of the In content profile and the valley (Vsi) of the Si doping profile are formed in different regions and do not coincide with each other. Additionally, the valley (Vin) of the In content profile and the peak (Psi) of the Si doping profile are formed in different regions and do not coincide with each other.
- the peak (Psi) of Si is located in the area between the two peaks (Pin) of the In content profile, and is located closer to the peak (Pin) closer to the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 23.
- the peak (Psi) of the Si doping profile is disposed between at least one valley (Vin) of the In content profile and a peak (Pin) of the In content profile disposed on one side of the at least one valley (Vin),
- a valley (Vsi) of the Si doping profile may be disposed between at least one valley (Vin) of the In content profile and a peak (Pin) of the In content profile located on the other side of the at least one valley (Vin).
- the horizontal distance (d1) from the valley (Vin) point of the In content profile to the peak (Psi) of the Si doping profile is from the valley (Vin) point of the In content profile to the valley (Vsi) of the Si doping profile. It may be different from the horizontal distance (d2) of .
- d1 may be shorter than d2.
- the doping profile of Si may be left and right asymmetric based on the peak (Psi). Additionally, the heights of the peaks Psi in the Si doping profile may be different from each other. For example, the closer to the second conductive semiconductor layer 33, the higher the peak Psi may be. Alternatively, the doping profile of Si may have different slopes on the left and right based on the peak (Psi). Therefore, gradual control of the electron movement speed becomes possible.
- the first full width at half maximum (FWHM) included in any first peak (Psi) and the second full width at half maximum (FWHM) included in the second peak (Psi) disposed adjacent to the first peak (Psi) may have different values. You can.
- the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the peak Psi located relatively higher among the plurality of peaks Psi may be formed to be smaller.
- a peak (Psi) with a smaller full width at half maximum (FWHM) may be disposed close to the second conductivity type semiconductor layer 33. Therefore, light can be emitted in a wide area from the short-wavelength active layer to the long-wavelength active layer, thereby maintaining the balance of multiple wavelengths for implementing white light.
- FIG. 8A is a schematic band diagram for explaining a light emitting diode according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 8B is a diagram showing the In content and Si content in the long wavelength side active region of the light emitting diode according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure. Shows the profile.
- the light emitting diode according to this embodiment is generally similar to the light emitting diode described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, but has a first barrier layer 60b1 and a second barrier layer 60b2 with different doping concentrations. Instead of being formed on all of the barrier layers 60b, it is formed on all of the barrier layers 60b except for some of the plurality of barrier layers 60b of the upper active layer 60. In particular, an electron-poor region may not be formed in the barrier layer 60b closest to the first conductive semiconductor layer 23, and electron-poor regions may be formed in other barrier layers 60b excluding this. In one embodiment, an electron-deficient region may be formed in more than half of the barrier layers 60b.
- the barrier layers 60b in which the electron-deficient region is formed may be barrier layers 60b close to the second conductive semiconductor layer 33.
- the number of barrier layers (EBn) including electron-poor regions compared to the total number of barrier layers (Bn) may be 1:0.49 to 1:0.99.
- a peak (Pin) is formed at the center of each well layer (60a), and a valley (Vin) is formed at the center of the barrier layer (60b).
- a peak (Psi) is formed in an area biased from the center of the barrier layer 60b toward the 1-conductivity-type semiconductor layer 23, and the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer ( 23)
- a valley (Vsi) is formed in the area biased toward the side.
- the peak (Pin) of the In content profile and the valley (Vsi) of the Si doping profile are formed in different regions and do not coincide with each other. Additionally, the valley (Vin) of the In content profile and the peak (Psi) of the Si doping profile are formed in different regions and do not coincide with each other.
- the peak (Psi) of Si is located in the area between the two peaks (Pin) of the In content profile, and is located closer to the peak (Pin) closer to the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 23.
- the peak (Psi) of the Si doping profile is disposed between at least one valley (Vin) of the In content profile and a peak (Pin) of the In content profile disposed on one side of the at least one valley (Vin),
- a valley (Vsi) of the Si doping profile may be disposed between at least one valley (Vin) of the In content profile and a peak (Pin) of the In content profile located on the other side of the at least one valley (Vin).
- the horizontal distance (d3) from the valley (Vin) point of the In content profile to the peak (Psi) of the Si doping profile is the valley (Vsi) of the adjacent Si doping profile from the valley (Vin) point of the adjacent In content profile. ) may be different from the horizontal distance (d4).
- d4 may be shorter than d3.
- the doping profile of Si may be left and right asymmetric based on the peak (Psi). Additionally, the heights of the peaks Psi in the Si doping profile may be different from each other. For example, the closer to the first conductive semiconductor layer 23, the higher the peak Psi may be. Alternatively, the doping profile of Si may have different slopes on the left and right based on the peak (Psi). Therefore, gradual control of the electron movement speed becomes possible.
- the first full width at half maximum (FWHM) included in any first peak (Psi) and the second full width at half maximum (FWHM) included in the second peak (Psi) disposed adjacent to the first peak (Psi) may have different values. You can.
- the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the peak Psi located relatively higher among the plurality of peaks Psi may be formed to be smaller.
- a peak (Psi) with a smaller full width at half maximum (FWHM) may be disposed close to the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 23. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in turn-on voltage by preventing overflow of electrons.
- the mobility of holes can be reduced just before the holes enter the lower active layer 30, and as a result, the holes that have entered the lower active layer 30 are in the lower active layer 30. You can increase the effective time you can stay. Accordingly, the probability of electrons and holes being combined in the lower active layer 30 increases, allowing the luminous intensity of short-wavelength light emitted from the lower active layer 30 to be adjusted, and a white light-emitting device having a desired CIE (X, Y) range. can be provided.
- CIE X, Y
- the doping concentrations of the second barrier layers 60b2 in the electron-poor region may be similar or the same, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
- the doping concentration of the second barrier layers 60b2 may be higher as it approaches the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 23, and the doping concentration of the second barrier layers 60b2 may be higher as it approaches the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 23. The closer it is to 33), the higher it may be.
- the doping concentration of the second barrier layers 60b2 may be increased or decreased at a constant rate as a percentage of the doping concentration of the first barrier layers 60b1.
- the doping concentration can be increased or decreased at a constant rate, such as %.
- FIG. 9A is a schematic band diagram for explaining a light emitting diode according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 9B is a diagram showing the In content and Si content in the long wavelength side active region of the light emitting diode according to the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure. Shows the profile.
- the light emitting diode according to this embodiment is generally similar to the light emitting diode described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, but has a first barrier layer 60b1 and a second barrier layer 60b2 with different doping concentrations. Instead of being formed on all of the barrier layers 60b, it is formed on all of the barrier layers 60b except for some of the plurality of barrier layers 60b of the upper active layer 60. In particular, an electron-poor region may not be formed in the barrier layer 60b closest to the first conductive semiconductor layer 23, and electron-poor regions may be formed in other barrier layers 60b excluding this. In one embodiment, electron-poor regions may be formed in half of the barrier layers 60b.
- the barrier layers 60b in which the electron-deficient region is formed may be barrier layers 60b close to the second conductive semiconductor layer 33.
- the number of barrier layers (EBn) including electron-poor regions compared to the total number of barrier layers (Bn) may be 1:0.5.
- composition profile of FIG. 9B is generally similar to that of FIG. 8B, but the content difference between at least two Si peaks (Psi) disposed close to the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 23 may be within 10%. Additionally, the barrier layer disposed adjacent to the electronic barrier layer may be undoped, and the Si peak (Psi) of the barrier layer adjacent to the undoped barrier layer has the highest Si peak (Psi) content among the barrier layers (60b). It may be less than half of that.
- the mobility of holes can be reduced just before the holes enter the lower active layer 30, and as a result, the holes that have entered the lower active layer 30 are in the lower active layer 30. You can increase the effective time you can stay. Accordingly, the probability of electrons and holes being combined in the lower active layer 30 increases, making it possible to control the luminous intensity of short-wavelength light emitted from the lower active layer 30, and a white light-emitting device having a desired CIE (X, Y) range. can be provided.
- CIE X, Y
- the doping concentrations of the second barrier layers 60b2 in the electron-poor region may be similar or the same, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
- the doping concentration of the second barrier layers 60b2 may be higher as it approaches the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 23, and the doping concentration of the second barrier layers 60b2 may be higher as it approaches the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 23. The closer it is to 33), the higher it may be.
- the doping concentration of the second barrier layers 60b2 may be increased or decreased at a constant rate as a percentage of the doping concentration of the first barrier layers 60b1.
- FIG. 10A is a schematic band diagram for explaining a light emitting diode according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 10B is a diagram showing the In content and Si content in the long wavelength side active region of the light emitting diode according to the sixth embodiment of the present disclosure. Shows the profile.
- the light emitting diode according to this embodiment is generally similar to the light emitting diode described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, but has a first barrier layer 60b1 and a second barrier layer 60b2 with different doping concentrations. Instead of being formed on all of the barrier layers 60b, it is formed on some of the barrier layers 60b of the upper active layer 60. In particular, an electron-poor region is not formed in the barrier layer 60b closest to the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 23, and an electron-poor region is formed in the barrier layer 60b closest to the second conductivity type semiconductor layer 33. It can be. In one embodiment, electron-poor regions may be formed in less than half of the barrier layers 60b.
- the barrier layers 60b in which the electron-deficient region is formed may be barrier layers 60b close to the second conductive semiconductor layer 33.
- the number of barrier layers (EBn) including electron-poor regions compared to the total number of barrier layers (Bn) may be 1:0.01 to 1:0.49.
- more than half of the number of barrier layers 60b have a difference in concentration of each Si peak (Psi) of less than 10%, and at least one barrier layer may have a difference in Si concentration of more than 50%. there is.
- the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the Si concentration (Psi) of the at least one barrier layer may be greater than the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the Si concentration (Psi) of the other barrier layers.
- the barrier layer disposed closest to the second conductive semiconductor layer 33 may have the largest full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the Si concentration (Psi).
- the slope of the Si concentration (Psi) profile of the barrier layer disposed close to the second type semiconductor layer 33 may be gentler than that of other barrier layers.
- the mobility of holes can be reduced after they enter the upper active layer 60, and as a result, the holes that have entered the upper active layer 60 will stay in the upper active layer 60.
- the effective time can be increased. Accordingly, the probability of electrons and holes being combined in the upper active layer 60 increases, making it possible to control the luminous intensity of long-wavelength light emitted from the upper active layer 60, and a white light-emitting device having a desired CIE (X, Y) range. can be provided.
- the effective time of holes existing in the lower active layer 30 and the upper active layer 60 can be increased. Accordingly, it is possible to implement a white light-emitting device having a white CIE (X, Y) range by adjusting the intensity of short-wavelength and long-wavelength light.
- Figure 11 is a graph for explaining the light intensity according to the wavelength of the light emitting diode manufactured according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the light emitting diode of the example is formed so that the barrier layers 60b of the upper active layer 60 all have a first barrier layer 60b1 and the second barrier layer 60b2, and the light emitting diode of the comparative example is formed so that the barrier layers 60b of the upper active layer 60 have both a first barrier layer 60b1 and a second barrier layer 60b2.
- the barrier layers 60b are formed without the second barrier layer 60b2 and have the barrier layers 60b doped at a uniform concentration. That is, the barrier layers 60b of the comparative example all have only electron-rich regions, and the barrier layers 60b of the example all have electron-rich regions and electron-poor regions.
- the electroluminescence spectrum was measured at the same current density of 35A/cm2.
- the light emitting diode of the comparative example had a dominant intensity of a long-wavelength peak of 500 nm or more emitted from the upper active layer 60, and the peak of short-wavelength light of 500 nm or less emitted from the lower active layer 30 hardly occurred. Since most of the holes are combined with electrons in the upper active layer 60, they do not reach the lower active layer 30, so it is judged that the peak intensity of the upper active layer 60 appears high, but the peak intensity of the lower active layer 30 does not appear. . As a result, the light emitting diode of the comparative example fails to implement white light and emits yellow light. Moreover, in the light emitting diode structure of the comparative example, it is judged that it is difficult to implement white light because it is more difficult for holes to reach the lower active layer 30 under a low current density of 35 A/cm2 or less.
- the intensity of light emitted from the upper active layer 60 was relatively reduced compared to the comparative example, and the intensity of light emitted from the lower active layer 30 was significantly increased.
- the intensity of light emitted from the lower active layer 30 was significantly increased.
- the peak intensity of long-wavelength light and the peak intensity of short-wavelength light can be adjusted by changing the structure of the barrier layer 60b of the upper active layer 60, and various white light can be realized by adjusting the two peak intensities.
- holes can be smoothly supplied to the lower active layer 30 even under low current density conditions, making white light possible even under low current density conditions.
- the CIE(X, Y) color coordinates can be adjusted by adjusting the arrangement and doping concentration of the electron-rich and electron-poor regions described above.
- Light emitting diodes have color coordinates (x, y) of (0.012, 0.494), (0.2, 0.4), (0.2, 0.32), (0.04) on the CIE 1931 color space chromaticity diagram without using a phosphor. , 0.32), light located within an area surrounded by four coordinate points can be implemented.
- FIG. 12A is a schematic plan view for explaining the light emitting device 1000 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 12B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line A-A' of FIG. 12A
- FIG. 12C is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 12A. This is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the perforation line B-B'.
- the light emitting device 1000 includes a first lead 121a, a second lead 121b, a housing 123, light emitting diode chips 125a, 125b, and a reflector ( 127), bonding wires 129, and molding portion 131.
- the first lead 121a and the second lead 121b are made of a conductive material, for example, metal.
- the bottom surfaces of the first lead 121a and the second lead 121b may be partially removed by half cutting, and thus may include relatively thin regions.
- the first lead 121a and the second lead 121b may include anchors 121e protruding upward from the upper surfaces of the leads 121a and 121b, as shown in FIG. 12C.
- Anchors 121e may be formed at the edges of the leads 121a and 121b, and in particular, may be placed on top of the half-cut areas. The anchors 121e prevent the leads 121a and 121b from being separated from the housing 123.
- the anchors 121e may include a region whose thickness changes when viewed in cross section. Additionally, the upper and lower surfaces of the anchors 121e may not be parallel and may have an asymmetric shape. The upwardly protruding portion of the upper surface of the anchors 121e has an angle, and the protruding angle may be less than 60 degrees based on the mounting surface of the light emitting diode chip. Due to this shape, the bonding with the housing 123 can be further strengthened.
- the housing 123 covers the side surfaces of the leads 121a and 121b and covers a portion of the top surface.
- the housing 123 forms a cavity on the leads 121a and 121b.
- the housing 123 may be formed of, for example, epoxy molding compound (EMC).
- the light emitting diode chips 125a and 125b may be placed on the first lead 121a and may be electrically connected to the first and second leads 121a and 121b through bonding wires 129.
- the light emitting diode chips 125a and 125b may include the light emitting diodes 100, 200, and 300 described in the previous embodiments.
- the light emitting diode chips 125a and 125b may emit light of the same color, but are not limited thereto, and may also emit light of different colors.
- the reflector 127 may be formed on the inner wall of the housing 123.
- the reflector 127 may be formed of a material with a higher reflectivity than the housing 123 and may include, for example, white silicon.
- the molding portion 131 covers the light emitting diode chips 125a and 125b.
- the molding part 131 may fill the cavity of the housing 123.
- the molding part 131 may be formed of transparent silicon.
- the molding part 131 may not include phosphor. Since the light emitting diode chips 125a and 125b emit mixed-color light, the required mixed-color light can be realized without using the phosphor 133.
- the molding part 131 may include a phosphor 133. Since the light emitting diode chips 125a and 125b emit mixed light, the amount of phosphor 133 used may be relatively small compared to conventional light emitting devices.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a light emitting device 2000 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the light emitting device 2000 includes a first lead 221a, a second lead 221b, a housing 223, light emitting diode chips 225, a reflector 227, an adhesive 229, and a wavelength. It may include a converter 231.
- the first lead 221a and the second lead 221b are made of a conductive material, for example, metal.
- the bottom surfaces of the first lead 221a and the second lead 221b may be partially removed by half cutting, and thus may include relatively thin regions. Additionally, the first lead 221a and the second lead 221b may be separated from each other by etching.
- through holes may be formed in each of the first lead 221a and the second lead 221b. The through hole may communicate with an area where the bottom surface has been partially removed. The through holes are filled with the housing 223 and thus prevent the leads 221a and 221b from being separated from the housing 223. Through holes can be applied selectively.
- the leads 221a and 221b include surfaces facing each other.
- the surfaces of the leads 221a and 221b facing each other may be symmetrical.
- Surfaces of the leads 221a and 221b that face each other may include a first surface s1 and a second surface s2.
- the first surface s1 may include an area having a first radius of curvature
- the second surface s2 may include an area having a second radius of curvature.
- the first radius of curvature may have a different value from the second radius of curvature. As shown in FIG. 13, the first radius of curvature of the first surface s1 may be smaller than the second radius of curvature of the second surface s2.
- the first and second leads 221a and 221b may include a vertical surface and a curved surface on opposing sides, that is, a third surface s3 and a fourth surface s4.
- the sides opposing each other may be symmetrical, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
- the third surface s3 and the fourth surface s4 may include areas having a radius of curvature different from that of the first surface s1 and the second surface s2.
- the third surface s3 and the fourth surface s4 may include a region having a radius of curvature greater than that of the first surface s1 and the second surface s2.
- the coupling force between the leads 221a and 221b and the housing 223 can be strengthened.
- the housing 223 covers a portion of the upper surface and a portion of the lower surface of the leads 221a and 221b.
- the housing 223 can fill an area where the bottom surface has been partially removed by half cutting, and can fill through holes formed in the leads 221a and 221b.
- the housing 223 forms a cavity on the leads 221a and 221b.
- Housing 223 may be formed of, for example, epoxy molding compound (EMC).
- the light emitting diode chip 225 may be electrically connected to the first lead 221a and the second lead 221b by flip bonding.
- the light emitting diode chip 225 may include the light emitting diodes 100, 200, and 300 described in the previous embodiments.
- the wavelength converter 231 is disposed on the light emitting diode chip 225.
- the wavelength converter 231 may be attached to the light emitting diode chip 225 through an adhesive 229.
- the adhesive 229 may at least partially cover not only the top surface but also the side surfaces of the light emitting diode chip 225.
- the adhesive 229 covering the side surface of the light emitting diode chip 225 may decrease in thickness toward the lower surface of the light emitting diode chip 225.
- the wavelength converter 231 may include a phosphor. Since the light emitting diode chip 225 emits mixed light, the amount of phosphor used may be relatively small compared to conventional light emitting devices. By using a phosphor together with the light-emitting diode chip 225 that emits mixed-color light, mixed-color light with desired color coordinates can be easily implemented.
- the reflector 227 may be formed between the inner wall of the housing 223 and the wavelength converter 231.
- the reflector 227 may be in contact with the side of the wavelength converter 231 and the inner wall of the molding portion 223.
- Reflector 227 may also surround the sides of light emitting diode chip 225.
- An adhesive 229 may be disposed between the reflector 227 and the light emitting diode chip 225.
- the reflector 227 may be formed of a material with a higher reflectivity than the housing 223, and the reflector 227 may include areas with different heights when viewed in cross section. For example, it may include white silicon.
- Reflector 227 may include a concave top surface. The lowest height of the concave portion may be located lower than the top surface of the wavelength converter 231 (indicated by a dotted line), and the top of the reflector 227 may be located higher than the top surface of the wavelength converter 231. Accordingly, the light emitted from the wavelength converter 231 in the lateral direction may be reflected on the concave upper surface of the reflector 227, and thus the light may be collected toward the top of the light emitting diode chip 225.
- the light-emitting devices 1000 and 2000 according to this embodiment can easily implement mixed-color light with desired color coordinates by using phosphors together with the light-emitting diode chips 125a, 125b, and 225 that emit mixed-color light.
- the color coordinates (x, y) are located within an area surrounded by four coordinate points: (0.012, 0.494), (0.2, 0.4), (0.2, 0.32), and (0.04, 0.32). Cyan light can be realized.
- the light-emitting devices 1000 and 2000 according to this embodiment can implement white light of the above color coordinates without a phosphor by adopting the light-emitting diode described above.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (20)
- 제1 도전형 반도체층;제2 도전형 반도체층;제1 도전형 반도체층과 상기 제2 도전형 반도체층 사이에 배치된 하부 활성층; 및상기 하부 활성층과 제2 도전형 반도체층 사이에 배치된 상부 활성층을 포함하고,상기 하부 활성층은 상기 상부 활성층보다 단파장의 광을 방출하고,상기 상부 활성층은 복수의 우물층과 복수의 장벽층을 포함하되,상기 복수의 장벽층들 중 적어도 하나의 장벽층은 제1 장벽층 및 상기 제1 장벽층보다 낮은 n형 불순물 도핑 농도를 갖는 제2 장벽층을 포함하고,상기 제1 장벽층은 상기 제2 장벽층보다 상기 제1 도전형 반도체층에 더 가까운 발광 다이오드.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 하부 활성층은 500nm 미만에서 제1 피크 강도를 갖는 광을 방출하고,상기 상부 활성층은 500nm 이상에서 제2 피크 강도를 갖는 광을 방출하는 발광 다이오드.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제2 장벽층은 상기 제1 장벽층보다 낮은 도핑 농도로 도핑되거나 또는 의도적인 도핑 없이 형성된 발광 다이오드.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 복수의 장벽층들 모두 상기 제1 장벽층 및 제2 장벽층을 포함하는 발광 다이오드.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 복수의 장벽층들 중 일부 장벽층을 제외하고 절반 이상이 상기 제1 장벽층 및 제2 장벽층을 포함하되,상기 제1 장벽층 및 제2 장벽층을 포함하는 장벽층들은 상기 제2 도전형 반도체층에 가깝게 배치된 발광 다이오드.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 복수의 장벽층들 중 절반이 상기 제1 장벽층 및 제2 장벽층을 포함하되,상기 제1 장벽층 및 제2 장벽층을 포함하는 장벽층들은 상기 제2 도전형 반도체층에 가깝게 배치된 발광 다이오드.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 복수의 장벽층들 중 절반 이하가 상기 제1 장벽층 및 제2 장벽층을 포함하되,상기 제1 장벽층 및 제2 장벽층을 포함하는 장벽층들은 상기 제2 도전형 반도체층에 가깝게 배치된 발광 다이오드.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 복수의 장벽층들 중 적어도 2개의 장벽층들이 상기 제1 장벽층 및 제2 장벽층을 포함하되, 상기 적어도 2개의 장벽층들의 제2 장벽층들은 서로 다른 도핑 농도를 갖는 발광 다이오드.
- 청구항 8에 있어서,상기 적어도 2개의 장벽층들은 도핑 농도가 높은 순서 또는 낮은 순서로 배열된 발광 다이오드.
- 청구항 9에 있어서,상기 제1 장벽층 및 제2 장벽층을 포함하는 장벽층들은 상기 제2 도전형 반도체층에 가깝게 배치된 발광 다이오드.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 복수의 우물층은 각각 In을 포함하되,상기 상부 활성층 내 In 함량 프로파일은 피크 포인트들과 밸리 포인트들을 갖고,상기 상부 활성층 내 상기 n형 불순물의 도핑 프로파일은 피크 포인트들과 밸리 포인트들을 가지며,상기 n형 불순물의 도핑 프로파일의 피크 포인트들은 상기 In 함량 프로파일의 밸리 포인트들에서 떨어져 위치하는 발광 다이오드.
- 청구항 11에 있어서,상기 n형 불순물의 도핑 프로파일의 피크 포인트들은 상기 In 함량 프로파일의 피크 포인트와 밸리 포인트 사이에 위치하는 발광 다이오드.
- 청구항 11에 있어서,상기 n형 불순물의 도핑 프로파일의 피크 포인트들은 상기 In 함량 프로파일의 두 개의 피크 포인트들 사이에 위치하는 발광 다이오드.
- 청구항 11에 있어서,상기 n형 불순물의 도핑 프로파일은 상기 n형 불순물의 도핑 프로파일의 피크 포인트를 기준으로 좌우 비대칭인 발광 다이오드.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제1 도전형 반도체층과 상기 하부 활성층 사이에 배치된 V-피트 생성층; 및상기 V-피트 생성층과 상기 하부 활성층 사이에 배치된 초격자층을 더 포함하는 발광 다이오드.
- 청구항 15에 있어서,상기 제2 도전형 반도체층과 상기 상부 활성층 사이에 배치된 전자 블록층을 더 포함하는 발광 다이오드.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 하부 활성층에서 방출되는 광의 강도가 상기 상부 활성층에서 방출되는 광의 강도보다 더 큰 발광 다이오드.
- 제1 리드 및 제2 리드;상기 제1 리드 및 제2 리드를 덮고 캐비티를 정의하는 하우징; 및상기 하우징의 캐비티 내에 배치되어 상기 제1 및 제2 리드에 전기적으로 접속된 발광 다이오드를 포함하되,상기 발광 다이오드는,제1 도전형 반도체층;제2 도전형 반도체층;제1 도전형 반도체층과 상기 제2 도전형 반도체층 사이에 배치된 하부 활성층; 및상기 하부 활성층과 제2 도전형 반도체층 사이에 배치된 상부 활성층을 포함하고,상기 하부 활성층은 상기 상부 활성층보다 단파장의 광을 방출하고,상기 상부 활성층은 복수의 우물층과 복수의 장벽층을 포함하되,상기 복수의 장벽층들 중 적어도 하나의 장벽층은 제1 장벽층 및 상기 제1 장벽층보다 낮은 n형 불순물 도핑 농도를 갖는 제2 장벽층을 포함하고,상기 제1 장벽층은 상기 제2 장벽층보다 상기 제1 도전형 반도체층에 더 가까운 발광 소자.
- 청구항 18에 있어서,상기 복수의 우물층은 각각 In을 포함하되,상기 상부 활성층 내 In 함량 프로파일은 피크 포인트들과 밸리 포인트들을 갖고,상기 상부 활성층 내 상기 n형 불순물의 도핑 프로파일은 피크 포인트들과 밸리 포인트들을 가지며,상기 n형 불순물의 도핑 프로파일의 피크 포인트들은 상기 In 함량 프로파일의 밸리 포인트들에서 떨어져 위치하는 발광 소자.
- 청구항 18에 있어서,형광체 없이 백색광을 방출하는 발광 소자.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23771088.4A EP4496011A4 (en) | 2022-03-17 | 2023-03-15 | LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE AND LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE EQUIPPED WITH IT |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| US202263320892P | 2022-03-17 | 2022-03-17 | |
| US63/320,892 | 2022-03-17 | ||
| US18/120,168 US20230335673A1 (en) | 2022-03-17 | 2023-03-10 | Light emitting diode and light emitting device having the same |
| US18/120,168 | 2023-03-10 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| WO2023177209A1 true WO2023177209A1 (ko) | 2023-09-21 |
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| US20020195606A1 (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2002-12-26 | Edmond John Adam | Group III nitride LED with undoped cladding layer and multiple quantum well |
| KR100674858B1 (ko) * | 2005-07-07 | 2007-01-29 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 백색 발광소자 |
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| KR100664980B1 (ko) * | 2004-03-11 | 2007-01-09 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 모노리식 백색 발광소자 |
| KR101700792B1 (ko) * | 2010-10-29 | 2017-01-31 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | 발광 소자 |
| KR101373804B1 (ko) * | 2012-06-19 | 2014-03-14 | 광주과학기술원 | 백색 발광다이오드 및 그 제조방법 |
| KR20220058643A (ko) * | 2015-06-05 | 2022-05-09 | 오스텐도 테크놀로지스 인코포레이티드 | 다수의 활성층들로 선택적으로 캐리어를 주입한 발광 구조체 |
-
2023
- 2023-03-10 US US18/120,168 patent/US20230335673A1/en active Pending
- 2023-03-15 EP EP23771088.4A patent/EP4496011A4/en active Pending
- 2023-03-15 WO PCT/KR2023/003469 patent/WO2023177209A1/ko not_active Ceased
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| US20020195606A1 (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2002-12-26 | Edmond John Adam | Group III nitride LED with undoped cladding layer and multiple quantum well |
| KR100674858B1 (ko) * | 2005-07-07 | 2007-01-29 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 백색 발광소자 |
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| KR20170134222A (ko) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-12-06 | 서울바이오시스 주식회사 | 고효율 장파장 발광 소자 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP4496011A1 (en) | 2025-01-22 |
| US20230335673A1 (en) | 2023-10-19 |
| EP4496011A4 (en) | 2026-04-29 |
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