WO2023207571A1 - 一种数据传输方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种数据传输方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023207571A1
WO2023207571A1 PCT/CN2023/087455 CN2023087455W WO2023207571A1 WO 2023207571 A1 WO2023207571 A1 WO 2023207571A1 CN 2023087455 W CN2023087455 W CN 2023087455W WO 2023207571 A1 WO2023207571 A1 WO 2023207571A1
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Prior art keywords
data
transmitted
processing unit
transmission
timing
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PCT/CN2023/087455
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张斌
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Horizon Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Technology Co Ltd
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Horizon Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Technology Co Ltd
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Application filed by Horizon Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Horizon Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Technology Co Ltd
Priority to US18/860,194 priority Critical patent/US20250291664A1/en
Priority to EP23795004.3A priority patent/EP4517541A4/en
Priority to JP2024563129A priority patent/JP2025515469A/ja
Publication of WO2023207571A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023207571A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/42—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/42—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation
    • G06F13/4265—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation on a point to point bus
    • G06F13/4273—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation on a point to point bus using a clocked protocol
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F15/00—Digital computers in general; Data processing equipment in general
    • G06F15/16—Combinations of two or more digital computers each having at least an arithmetic unit, a program unit and a register, e.g. for a simultaneous processing of several programs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F15/00—Digital computers in general; Data processing equipment in general
    • G06F15/76—Architectures of general purpose stored program computers
    • G06F15/78—Architectures of general purpose stored program computers comprising a single central processing unit
    • G06F15/7807—System on chip, i.e. computer system on a single chip; System in package, i.e. computer system on one or more chips in a single package
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F2213/0038—System on Chip
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of chip diagnosis technology, and in particular, to a data transmission method and device.
  • IP cores In a System On Chip (SoC), there are usually multiple Intellectual Property Cores (IP cores). Data can be transmitted between each IP core in the same SoC and between IP cores in different SoCs. .
  • SoC System On Chip
  • IP cores Intellectual Property Cores
  • the present disclosure provides a data transmission method and device to reduce the possibility of data transmission delay and improve the reliability of data transmission.
  • a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a data transmission method, including: first, determining the transmission duration required for transmission of data to be transmitted between a first processing unit and a second processing unit; and then, from detecting the Start timing when the data to be transmitted is transmitted from the first processing unit; and then determine the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted based on the timing duration and the transmission status of the data to be transmitted; finally, Based on the physical parameters, the data to be transmitted is transmitted to the second processing unit.
  • a second aspect of the present disclosure provides a data transmission device, including: a duration determination module for determining the transmission duration required for transmission of data to be transmitted between a first processing unit and a second processing unit; and a timing startup module , configured to start timing when the data to be transmitted is detected to be transmitted from the first processing unit; a parameter determination module, configured to determine based on the timing length determined by the timing startup module and the transmission status of the data to be transmitted. the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted; a data transmission module configured to transmit the data to be transmitted to the second processing unit based on the physical parameters determined by the parameter determination module unit.
  • a third aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the storage medium stores a computer program.
  • the computer program is used to execute the data transmission method proposed in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure.
  • a fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes: a processor; and is configured to store executable data of the processor. memory for line instructions.
  • the processor is configured to read the executable instructions from the memory and execute the executable instructions to implement the data transmission method proposed in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure.
  • the physical parameters when the first processing unit transmits the data to be transmitted can be adjusted, and based on the adjusted physical parameters, the data to be transmitted can be transmitted to Second processing unit. That is to say, the solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can dynamically adjust the physical parameters during the data transmission process according to the delay status of data transmission, thereby reducing the possibility of data transmission delay and improving the reliability of data transmission.
  • the solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can improve the reliability of data transmission by the chip, it also greatly improves the reliability performance of the chip.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a traditional SoC.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an SoC provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of data interaction provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 9 is a structural diagram of a data transmission device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 10 is a structural diagram of a data transmission device provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a chip is a circuit module that integrates a variety of electronic components on a silicon board to achieve a specific function. It usually includes multiple types, such as System On Chip (SoC), Microcontroller Unit (MCU) ) and field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), etc.
  • SoC System On Chip
  • MCU Microcontroller Unit
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • various chips often contain multiple modules, and data exchange is usually possible between the multiple modules.
  • some chips can also interact with other chips for data.
  • SoC SoC
  • multiple IP cores are usually installed in SoC.
  • data can be exchanged between various IP cores in the same SoC.
  • the SoC can also be connected to other SoCs through a bus (such as a high-speed serial computer expansion bus) and interact with IP cores in other SoCs.
  • a bus such as a high-speed serial computer expansion bus
  • the SoC can also be connected to other SoCs through a bus (such as a high-speed serial computer expansion bus) and interact with IP cores in other SoCs.
  • FIG 1 shows three SoCs, namely SoC1, SoC2 and SoC3. These three SoCs are located in the same electronic control unit (ECU), and each SoC can be connected through a bus to form the integrated circuit module of the ECU.
  • the ECU can be installed in a vehicle-mounted intelligent terminal to provide assisted driving or automatic driving functions for the vehicle.
  • the IP core in SoC1 includes: General Interrupt Controller (GIC) module, Central Processing Unit (CPU) module, Network On Chip (NOC) control module, and high-speed serial computer expansion Bus standard (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express, PCIe) module, direct memory access (Direct Memory Access, DMA) module, memory module and other IP modules.
  • the IP core in SoC2 includes: PCIe module, CPU module, memory module and other IP modules
  • the IP core in SoC3 includes: PCIe module, CPU module, memory module and other IP modules.
  • the solid lines connecting various IP modules in the same SoC are on-chip buses, and the dotted lines are signal lines.
  • data can usually be transmitted between various IP cores in the SoC to achieve data interaction, and data can also be transmitted between different SoCs.
  • the IP core in SoC 1 can also transmit data and interact with the IP cores in SoC 2 and SoC 3.
  • the sending end during the data interaction process can be called the first processing unit, and the receiving end can be called the second processing unit.
  • SoC SoC as an example, see Figure 1. If the IP cores in SoC1 interact with each other, the IP cores that need to interact with each other are the first processing unit and the second processing unit. If the IP cores in SoC1 When transmitting data to the IP core in SoC2, the IP core in SoC1 is the first processing unit, and the IP core in SoC2 is the second processing unit.
  • the chip is used to support the vehicle's autonomous driving function, transmission delays during data transmission may result in the loss of the vehicle's autonomous driving function.
  • timeout error monitoring technology is usually used in traditional solutions.
  • a certain module within the chip is usually The block (such as the NOC control module in Figure 1) monitors the data transmission process and reports an error when a timeout occurs in the transmission of certain data.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide a data transmission method and device to reduce data transmission delays in chips.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to chips that require data exchange, and the chips may include SoC, MCU, FPGA, etc. Moreover, the chip can be used in a variety of application scenarios, which can include assisted driving, autonomous driving or Internet of Things (IoT) application scenarios.
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • the data transmission provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be used between various processing units in the same chip of the vehicle (such as the IP core in the SoC) or between processing units in different chips.
  • Methods are used to interact with data to reduce data transmission delays, improve the reliability of data transmission, and further improve the accuracy of assisted driving or autonomous driving.
  • a module that can execute the data transmission method is usually provided in the chip.
  • the module may be a NOC control module in the schematic diagram shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the module may be a module added on the basis of a traditional chip.
  • FIG. 2 is an example diagram of a chip to which the present disclosure is applicable, and in this example, the chip applying the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is an SoC.
  • SoC 1 there are three SoCs installed in the ECU, namely SoC 1, SoC 2 and SoC 3.
  • Data can be transmitted between various IP cores in SoC 1.
  • the first processing unit and the second processing unit are both IP cores in SoC 1.
  • the IP core in SoC 1 can also perform data transmission with IP cores in other SoCs.
  • the first processing unit can be the IP core in SoC 1
  • the second processing unit can be the IP core in other SoCs.
  • IP core IP core.
  • a NOC diagnostic module can be added to the SoC 1, and the NOC diagnostic module executes the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, so as to reduce the transmission delay phenomenon that occurs during the data transmission process.
  • a NOC diagnostic module can also be set in SoC 2 or SoC 3, and the NOC diagnostic module executes the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, thereby reducing the data transmission process accordingly. transmission delay phenomenon.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. This embodiment can be applied to electronic devices. As shown in Figure 3, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step S201 Determine the transmission time required for the data to be transmitted to be transmitted between the first processing unit and the second processing unit.
  • the first processing unit and the second processing unit are located on the same chip.
  • the data to be transferred is data transferred between the CPU module and the memory module in SoC 1 shown in Figure 2
  • the first processing unit is the CPU module in SoC 1
  • the second processing unit is the CPU module in SoC 1. memory module.
  • the first processing unit and the second processing unit are respectively located on different chips.
  • the data to be transferred is data transferred between SoC 1 and SoC 2 shown in Figure 2
  • the data to be transferred is sent by the CPU module in SoC 1 and received by the memory module in SoC 2
  • the first processing unit is the CPU module in SoC 1
  • the second processing unit is the memory module in SoC 2.
  • Step S202 Start timing when it is detected that the data to be transmitted is transmitted from the first processing unit.
  • this data transfer is a data write operation
  • the timing can be started from when it is detected that the first processing unit starts sending the write address to the second processing unit; if this data transfer is a data read operation, it can be started from when it is detected that the first processing unit starts sending the write address to the second processing unit. Timing is started when the first processing unit sends a read address to the second processing unit.
  • the first processing unit is a CPU module within SoC 1 shown in Figure 2
  • the second processing unit is a memory module within SoC 2 shown in Figure 2.
  • the CPU module in SoC 1 can be monitored. If this data transfer is a data write operation, and through monitoring, it is determined that the CPU module in SoC1 sends a write address to the memory module in SoC2, then the timing is started. In addition, if this data transfer is a data read operation, and through monitoring, it is determined that the CPU module in SoC1 sends a read address to the memory module in SoC2, then the timing is started.
  • Step S203 Based on the timing duration and the transmission status of the data to be transmitted, determine the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted.
  • the transmission status of the data to be transmitted usually includes: the data to be transmitted is in transmission and the transmission of the data to be transmitted is completed. Normally, if it is determined that there is a transmission delay in the data to be transmitted based on the timing duration and the transmission status of the data to be transmitted, then the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted are determined.
  • the first processing unit is the CPU module in SoC 1 shown in Figure 2
  • the second processing unit is the memory module in SoC 2 shown in Figure 2.
  • Step S204 Based on the physical parameters, transmit the data to be transmitted to the second processing unit.
  • step S203 when a transmission delay occurs in the data to be transmitted, the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted can be determined. In this case, in order to enable the second processing unit to obtain the required data in time, the data to be transmitted can be transmitted to the second processing unit again based on the determined physical parameters.
  • the chip architecture is shown in Figure 2.
  • the first processing unit is the CPU module in SoC 1
  • the second processing unit is the memory module in SoC 2.
  • the physical parameters when the first processing unit transmits the data to be transmitted can be adjusted, and based on the adjusted physical parameters, the data to be transmitted can be transmitted to Second processing unit. That is to say, the solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can dynamically adjust the physical parameters during the data transmission process according to whether there is a delay in data transmission, thereby reducing the possibility of data transmission delay and improving the reliability of data transmission.
  • the solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can improve the reliability of data transmission by the chip, it also greatly improves the reliability performance of the chip.
  • the first processing unit may need to transmit a variety of data, such as interrupt signals, fault signals, handshake signals, control signals, application data and status signals, etc.
  • the first processing unit can transmit the interrupt signal; when a certain module fails and the second processing unit needs to be analyzed, the first processing unit can transmit the fault signal, and the first processing unit can transmit the interrupt signal.
  • the fault signal may contain fault information of the module; if a handshake needs to be performed with the second processing unit, the first processing unit may transmit a handshake signal; when the second processing unit needs to be controlled, the first processing unit may send a handshake signal to the second processing unit. Transmit corresponding control signals; when the second processing unit needs to obtain application data, the first processing unit can transmit the application data to the second processing unit.
  • the first processing unit can transmit the application data including the file to the second processing unit; in addition, in order for the second processing unit to determine the status of the first processing unit, the first processing unit can transmit the application data to the second processing unit.
  • the processing unit transmits a status signal, which may include the status of the first processing unit.
  • the various data can be used as data to be transmitted, and the data can be transmitted through the solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • some of the various data can be used as data to be transmitted, and the data can be transmitted through the solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, so as to reduce the power consumption of the chip.
  • the data with a longer transmission time can be used as the data to be transmitted, for example, The five types of data with the top five transmission times are used as the data to be transmitted; or, since the data with higher priority is often more important data, in order to reduce the transmission delay of important data, the first processing unit can be Among the various types of data that need to be transmitted, the data with higher priority is used as the data to be transmitted.
  • the physical parameters when the first processing unit transmits the data to be transmitted can be determined based on the timing duration and the transmission status of the data to be transmitted.
  • the physical parameters include parameters used to control the transmission speed of the data to be transmitted.
  • the transmission bandwidth of the data to be transmitted can be increased, and the corresponding physical parameters can include the transmission bandwidth of the data to be transmitted; or, if different levels of priorities are set for the data in advance, usually a certain The higher the priority of a piece of data, the wider the transmission bandwidth allocated to the data, and the corresponding faster the transmission speed of the data. That is, the priority of the data has a certain impact on the transmission speed of the data.
  • the priority of the data to be transmitted can be increased, and the physical parameter can include the priority of the data to be transmitted.
  • the physical parameters include parameters used to control the transmission speed of the data to be transmitted.
  • the physical parameters can be adjusted and the data to be transmitted can be transmitted through the adjusted physical parameters to speed up the data to be transmitted.
  • the transmission speed reduces the occurrence of transmission delays and improves the reliability of data transmission.
  • step S201 an operation of determining the transmission duration required for transmission of data to be transmitted between the first processing unit and the second processing unit is disclosed.
  • data transmission generally includes: data writing operations and data reading operations. Refer to the schematic diagram of data interaction shown in Figure 4. If the data transfer is a data write operation, the data transfer process usually includes the following steps:
  • the first processing unit sends a write address (Write Address, AW) to the second processing unit;
  • the first processing unit reads data from the second processing unit
  • the second processing unit sends a write response (Write Response) to the first processing unit, and the first processing unit receives the write response.
  • the transmission time required for the data to be transmitted to be transmitted between the first processing unit and the second processing unit is usually from the time when the first processing unit starts sending the write address to when the first processing unit receives the write confirmation.
  • the data transfer process usually includes the following steps:
  • the first processing unit sends the read address (Read Address, AR) to the second processing unit;
  • the second processing unit sends the data corresponding to the read address to the first processing unit, and the first processing unit obtains the data.
  • the transmission time required for the data to be transmitted to be transmitted between the first processing unit and the second processing unit is usually the time from the first processing unit starting to send the read address to successfully obtaining the data that needs to be read. duration.
  • the required transmission duration can be determined in advance by monitoring this process.
  • the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting data to be transmitted can be determined through the following steps:
  • Step S2031 Determine the timing duration through the timing device triggered when timing is started.
  • the timing device can be provided in the chip where the first processing unit is located.
  • the first processing unit is the IP core in SoC1 shown in Figure 2
  • the timing device can be provided in the NOC diagnostic module shown in Figure 2.
  • the timing device When it is detected that the data to be transmitted is transmitted from the first processing unit, the timing device can be triggered so that the timing device starts timing, and the timing length is determined by reading the timing information of the timing device.
  • the NOC diagnostic module triggers the timing device when detecting that the first processing unit transmits the data to be transmitted, and determines the timing length by reading the timing information to which the timing is transferred. .
  • Step S2032 Determine the transmission status of the data to be transmitted by reading the status bit corresponding to the cached transmission status in the first register.
  • the first register may be provided in the chip where the first processing unit is located.
  • the first processing unit is the IP core in SoC1 shown in Figure 2
  • the first register can be set in the NOC diagnostic module shown in Figure 2.
  • the first register is used to cache the status bit corresponding to the transmission status. If the data to be transmitted is in transmission, the first register usually caches the corresponding first status bit. The first status bit is used to indicate that the data to be transmitted is in transmission. . In addition, if the transmission of the data to be transmitted ends, the status bit cached in the first register is adjusted to the corresponding second status bit, and the second status bit indicates that the transmission of the data to be transmitted has ended.
  • the transmission status of the data to be transmitted can be determined by reading the status bit corresponding to the cached transmission status in the first register.
  • the NOC diagnostic module can read the cached status bits in the first register and determine the transmission status of the data to be transmitted accordingly.
  • Step S2033 When the status bit corresponding to the transmission status indicates that the data to be transmitted is being transmitted, determine the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted based on the timing duration.
  • the data to be transmitted can be transferred between the first processing unit and the second processing unit according to the timing duration and the data to be transmitted.
  • the transmission duration required for transmission determines whether it is necessary to determine the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted.
  • the solution disclosed in this embodiment can determine the timing duration based on the timing device, and determine the transmission status of the data to be transmitted based on the cache of the first register, so as to determine the transmission status of the data to be transmitted by the first processing unit based on the timing duration and the transmission status of the data to be transmitted. Physical parameters when transmitting data.
  • Timing devices often include several types.
  • the timing device used for timing may include a timer.
  • step S2031 can be implemented through the following operations: determining the timing duration by periodically reading the timing information of the timer.
  • the timer when it is detected that the data to be transmitted is transmitted from the first processing unit, the timer is triggered to start timing, so that the timing duration can be determined by the timer.
  • the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted can be determined based on the timing duration.
  • Step S20331 Compare the timing duration with the transmission duration required for the data to be transmitted to be transmitted between the first processing unit and the second processing unit.
  • Step S20332 When the timing duration is greater than the transmission duration, determine the duration threshold corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on the correspondence between the identification information stored in the second register and the duration threshold, as well as the identification information of the data to be transmitted.
  • the identification information includes at least one of the following: address, data identifier (Data Identifier, DID), and transmission channel.
  • This address usually includes a source address and a destination address.
  • the second register may be provided within the chip where the first processing unit is located.
  • the first processing unit is the IP core in SoC 1 shown in Figure 2
  • the second register can be set in the NOC diagnostic module shown in Figure 2.
  • the first register and the second register may be the same register or may be different registers, which is not limited in this embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the correspondence between the identification information and the duration threshold can be determined in different ways.
  • the duration threshold corresponding to the identification information is smaller.
  • the corresponding relationship can also be set in other ways, and this is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the NOC diagnostic module determines that the timing duration is greater than the transmission duration, and can read the corresponding relationship between the identification information stored in the second register and the duration threshold, and the identification information of the data to be transmitted, and based on this the duration threshold corresponding to the data to be transmitted is determined.
  • Step S20333 When the difference between the timing duration and the transmission duration is not less than the duration threshold corresponding to the data to be transmitted, determine the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted.
  • the difference between the timing duration and the transmission duration is not less than the duration threshold corresponding to the data to be transmitted, it indicates that the transmission of the data to be transmitted is delayed. In this case, it is necessary to determine the physical configuration of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted. parameter.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure determines the timing duration by periodically reading the timing information of the timer, and determines the duration threshold corresponding to the data to be transmitted through the correspondence between the identification information stored in the second register and the duration threshold, so that it can be based on the The duration threshold determines whether it is necessary to determine the physical parameters of the first processing unit to transmit the data to be transmitted.
  • the second register can store the corresponding relationship between various types of identification information and the duration threshold, so that the physical operation of the first processing unit when transmitting various types of data to be transmitted can be determined based on the corresponding relationship. Parameters to meet various data transmission needs.
  • the timing device used for timing may include a timer.
  • step S2031 may This is achieved by doing the following:
  • the timer is used to generate timing information when the difference between the current time and the trigger time reaches the pre-warning duration, which is greater than the transmission time required for the data to be transmitted to be transmitted between the first processing unit and the second processing unit.
  • the timer when it is detected that the data to be transmitted starts to be transmitted from the first processing unit, the timer is triggered. This timer will generate timing information when the difference between the current time and the trigger time reaches the warning duration.
  • the duration between the current time and the trigger time can be used as the transmission duration of the data to be transmitted, that is, the timer generates timing information when the transmission duration of the data to be transmitted reaches the warning duration.
  • timing information it can be determined that the data to be transmitted is delayed during the transmission process, so it is necessary to determine the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted.
  • the physical parameters can be determined by simply setting the timer and reading the timing information generated by the timer.
  • the operation method is relatively simple.
  • this solution can obtain timing information when the transmission time of the data to be transmitted reaches the warning time. Therefore, it can determine whether there is a transmission delay in the data to be transmitted in a timely manner and improve the efficiency of data transmission.
  • the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting data to be transmitted can be determined through the following steps:
  • Step S20334 Determine the identification information of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted.
  • the identification information includes at least one of the following: address, data identifier DID, and transmission channel.
  • Step S20335 Determine the type and adjustment amplitude of the physical parameter that currently needs to be adjusted based on the identification information and the corresponding relationship between the identification information stored in the third register and the type and adjustment amplitude of the physical parameter that currently needs to be adjusted.
  • the third register may be provided within the chip where the first processing unit is located.
  • the first processing unit is the IP core in SoC 1 shown in Figure 2
  • the third register can be set in the NOC diagnostic module shown in Figure 2.
  • the third register and the first register or the second register may be the same register or may be different registers, which is not limited in this embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the third register is used to store the corresponding relationship between the preset identification information and the type and adjustment amplitude of the physical parameter that currently needs to be adjusted.
  • the adjustment range in the corresponding relationship can be a specific numerical value.
  • it can be represented by Table 1:
  • the corresponding physical parameter that needs to be adjusted is the priority, and the corresponding adjustment amplitude is level 1; when the identification information is DID2, the corresponding physical parameter that needs to be adjusted is the transmission bandwidth, The corresponding adjustment range is 10%; when the identification information is transmission channel 1, the corresponding physical parameters that need to be adjusted are priority and transmission bandwidth, and the corresponding adjustment ranges are level 1 and 5% respectively; when the identification information is transmission channel 2, The corresponding physical parameter that needs to be adjusted is the operating frequency, and the corresponding adjustment range is 5%.
  • the physical parameters that need to be adjusted corresponding to the identification information of the data to be transmitted include at least two types of physical parameters, then both of the at least two physical parameters can be used as the current physical parameters that need to be adjusted, or any of them can be selected.
  • a physical parameter is used as the current physical parameter that needs to be adjusted.
  • the physical parameters that need to be adjusted as indicated by the correspondence are priority and transmission bandwidth.
  • the physical parameters that currently need to be adjusted include priority and transmission. bandwidth, and in subsequent operations, both physical parameters are adjusted.
  • only the priority or only the transmission bandwidth can be used as the physical parameters that currently need to be adjusted.
  • the adjustment range in the corresponding relationship may include adjustment ranges corresponding to different ranges of the physical parameters respectively.
  • the corresponding adjustment range can be determined based on the range of the physical parameters.
  • the corresponding relationship can be set to indicate that when the priority of a certain data is from level 1 to level 3, the corresponding adjustment range is level 2, and a certain data has a priority of level 2.
  • the priority of a piece of data is level 4 to level 6, the corresponding adjustment range is level 1.
  • the priority of a certain data is level 7, the corresponding adjustment range is level 0.
  • the current priority of the data to be transmitted is level 3, it is determined that the adjustment amplitude of the priority that needs to be adjusted is level 2, that is, after the adjustment, the priority of the data to be transmitted is level 5.
  • the physical parameters include transmission bandwidth
  • they can be set in the corresponding relationship, indicating that when the idle transmission bandwidth is in the range of a ⁇ b MHz, the corresponding adjustment range is cMHz; when the idle transmission bandwidth is in the range of d ⁇ e MHz
  • the corresponding adjustment amplitude is f MHz.
  • a, b, c, d, e and f are all positive numbers, and c ⁇ a ⁇ b, f ⁇ d ⁇ e.
  • the adjustment amplitude of the transmission bandwidth that needs to be adjusted is c MHz, that is, after the adjustment, the transmission bandwidth of the data to be transmitted increases by c MHz.
  • Step S20336 Based on the type and adjustment amplitude of the physical parameters that currently need to be adjusted, determine the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted.
  • the physical parameter can be adjusted based on the current value and adjustment range of the physical parameter.
  • the solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure it can be determined based on the identification information corresponding to the data to be transmitted, and the corresponding relationship between the identification information and the type and adjustment amplitude of the physical parameters that currently need to be adjusted, to determine when the first processing unit transmits the data to be transmitted.
  • the physical parameters are adjusted to realize the adjustment of the physical parameters so that the data to be transmitted is transmitted through the adjusted physical parameters and the phenomenon of transmission delay is reduced.
  • the types of physical parameters may include multiple types.
  • the following steps may be used to determine the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted. parameter:
  • the adjustment is determined based on the current priority and adjustment amplitude of the data to be transmitted. Priority after adjustment;
  • a corresponding priority identifier is assigned to the data to be transmitted, or the data to be transmitted is cached in a transmission queue corresponding to the adjusted priority.
  • the priority of the data to be transmitted is adjusted based on the current priority of the data to be transmitted and the adjustment range.
  • the priority of the data to be transmitted is increased according to the adjustment range, so as to increase the transmission speed of the data to be transmitted. For example, if the priority of the data is divided into seven levels in advance, and the higher the level, the higher the priority, and the current priority of the data to be transmitted is the third level, and the adjustment range is one level, then the adjustment can be determined
  • the next priority is Level 4.
  • the priority of the data can be determined by reading the priority identifier of the data.
  • the data to be transmitted can be assigned a corresponding priority identifier.
  • the first processing unit can also cache the data into the corresponding transmission queue according to the priority of the data. In this case, after the adjusted priority is determined, the data to be transmitted can be cached in the transmission queue corresponding to the adjusted priority.
  • determining the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted may include the following steps:
  • the adjusted physical bandwidth is determined.
  • the transmission bandwidth of the data to be transmitted is usually increased according to the adjustment range. For example, if the adjustment amplitude is 10%, the transmission bandwidth can be increased by 10% based on the current transmission bandwidth.
  • determining the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting data to be transmitted may include the following steps:
  • the operating frequency of the first processing unit or the chip where the first processing unit is located can usually be reduced based on the adjustment amplitude. For example, if the adjustment amplitude is 5%, the operating frequency can be reduced based on the current operating frequency. , reduce the operating frequency of the first processing unit or the chip where the first unit is located by 5%.
  • the sensitivity of the second processing unit to transmission delays can be reduced, the demand for data to be transmitted by the second processing unit can be slowed down, and the phenomenon of transmission delays can be reduced accordingly.
  • a transmission delay occurs. After reducing the operating frequency, the demand for the data to be transmitted by the second processing unit slows down. Only when the transmission process takes more than 32ms, a transmission delay is considered to occur, which can reduce the transmission delay.
  • the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting data to be transmitted can be adjusted.
  • the data to be transmitted is transmitted through the adjusted physical parameters, which is beneficial to reducing the phenomenon of data transmission delay and improving data transmission. reliability.
  • determining the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted may include the following steps:
  • the first step is to determine the number of adjustments to the physical parameters by reading the counting information of the counter.
  • the counter is used to count the number of adjustments to the physical parameters.
  • a counter may be provided on the chip where the first processing unit is located.
  • the first processing unit is the IP core in SoC1 shown in Figure 2
  • the counter can be set in the NOC diagnostic module shown in Figure 2. This counter is used to count the number of times the physical parameters are adjusted. That is to say, after each physical parameter is adjusted, the counter increases by one based on the current count.
  • the number of adjustments to the physical parameters can be determined.
  • the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted are determined.
  • the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted are determined.
  • a corresponding threshold value is set for the physical parameter, and when the number of adjustments to the physical parameter is less than the threshold value, it is determined that the first processing unit is transmitting the data to be transmitted. time physical parameters, thereby reducing transmission delays and also reducing waste of power consumption.
  • prompt information can also be generated to prompt technicians to detect chip performance.
  • timeout error processing can also be performed.
  • the interruption duration is usually longer than the warning duration. If the timing length reaches the interruption duration, but the data to be transmitted is still being transmitted, it means that the data to be transmitted has not been completed after the warning time, and the transmission delay of the data to be transmitted is serious. In this case, it can be considered that a timeout error occurs in the transmission of the data to be transmitted, and timeout error processing is performed.
  • the timeout error handling may include calling a preset timeout error handling function to repair the timeout error.
  • the timeout error processing can also include generating warning information to prompt technicians to promptly notice the phenomenon of serious transmission delays, so that technicians can promptly take action. Take appropriate measures to avoid affecting the normal operation of the chip.
  • the data transmission method may include the following steps:
  • Step S301 Determine the transmission time required for the data to be transmitted to be transmitted between the first processing unit and the second processing unit.
  • Step S302 Start timing when it is detected that the data to be transmitted is transmitted from the first processing unit.
  • step S301 to step S302 are the same as the operations from step S201 to step S202, and may be referred to each other, and will not be described again here.
  • Step S303 Based on the timing duration and the transmission status of the data to be transmitted, determine whether a transmission delay occurs when the first processing unit transmits the data to be transmitted.
  • step S304 If no, perform the operation of step S304; if yes, perform the operation of step S305.
  • Step S304 If it is determined that no transmission delay occurs when the first processing unit transmits the data to be transmitted, it is determined that the current physical parameters have been debugged to the optimal interval, and the debugging of the physical parameters is completed.
  • Step S305 If it is determined that a transmission delay occurs when the first processing unit transmits the data to be transmitted, the physical parameters are adjusted, and the operation of step S302 is returned.
  • the method of adjusting the physical parameters may refer to step S20334 to step S20336, which will not be described again here.
  • the physical parameters can be debugged, and the data transmission through the debugged chip can reduce the transmission delay performance, thereby improving the reliability of data transmission and improving the performance of the chip.
  • Figure 9 is a structural diagram of a data transmission device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the data transmission device can be installed in electronic equipment such as terminal equipment and servers, or on objects such as vehicles to execute the data transmission method according to any of the above embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the data transmission device of this embodiment includes: a duration determination module 21 , a timing startup module 22 , a parameter determination module 23 and a data transmission module 24 .
  • the duration determination module 21 is used to determine the transmission duration required for the data to be transmitted to be transmitted between the first processing unit and the second processing unit;
  • Timing start module 22 configured to start timing when detecting that the data to be transmitted is transmitted from the first processing unit
  • Parameter determination module 23 configured to determine the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted based on the timing duration determined by the timing startup module 22 and the transmission status of the data to be transmitted;
  • the data transmission module 24 is configured to transmit the data to be transmitted to the physical parameter determined by the parameter determination module 23. Second processing unit.
  • the solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can dynamically adjust the physical parameters during the data transmission process according to whether there is a delay in data transmission, thereby reducing the possibility of data transmission delay and improving the reliability of data transmission.
  • the solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can improve the reliability of data transmission by the chip, it also optimizes the performance of the chip.
  • the physical parameters include parameters used to control the transmission speed of the data to be transmitted.
  • the parameter determination module 23 includes:
  • the timing unit 231 is used to determine the timing length through the timing device triggered when timing is started;
  • the status determination unit 232 is configured to determine the transmission status of the data to be transmitted by reading the status bit corresponding to the cached transmission status in the first register;
  • the parameter determination unit 233 is configured to determine the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted based on the timing duration when the status bit corresponding to the transmission status indicates that the data to be transmitted is being transmitted.
  • the timing unit 23 is configured to periodically read the timing information of the timer to determine the timing duration.
  • the parameter determination unit 233 includes: a comparison subunit, a threshold determination subunit and a parameter determination subunit.
  • the comparison subunit is used to compare the timing duration and the transmission duration
  • the threshold determination subunit is configured to use the corresponding relationship between the identification information stored in the second register and the duration threshold, as well as the identification information of the data to be transmitted, Determine the duration threshold corresponding to the data to be transmitted, and the identification information includes at least one of the following: address, data identifier DID, and transmission channel;
  • the parameter determination subunit is used to determine whether the first processing unit is transmitting the data. Describe the physical parameters when data is to be transmitted.
  • the timing unit 231 is used to determine the timing length by reading the timing information generated by the timer, and the timer is used to calculate the difference between the current time and the trigger time.
  • the value reaches the pre-warning duration, the timing information is generated, and the pre-warning duration is greater than the transmission duration.
  • the parameter determination unit 233 includes: an identification information determination subunit 2331, a parameter information determination subunit 2332, and a first determination subunit 2333.
  • the identification information determination subunit 2331 is used to determine the identification information of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted.
  • the identification information includes at least one of the following: address, data identifier DID and transmission channel;
  • the parameter information determination subunit 2332 is used to determine the identification information based on the identification information determination subunit 2331, and the third register The corresponding relationship between the identification information stored in and the type and adjustment amplitude of the physical parameter that currently needs to be adjusted is determined, and the type and adjustment amplitude of the physical parameter that currently needs to be adjusted are determined;
  • the first determination subunit 2333 is configured to determine the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted based on the type and adjustment amplitude of the physical parameters that currently need to be adjusted determined by the parameter information determination subunit 2332.
  • the first determination subunit 2333 is configured to determine the adjusted value based on the current priority of the data to be transmitted and the adjustment amplitude. priority, and based on the adjusted priority, assign a corresponding priority identifier to the data to be transmitted, or cache the data to be transmitted in a transmission queue corresponding to the adjusted priority.
  • the first determination subunit 2333 is configured to determine the adjusted physical bandwidth based on the current physical bandwidth of the data to be transmitted and the adjustment amplitude.
  • the first determination subunit 2333 is configured to determine the adjusted operating frequency based on the current operating frequency and the adjustment amplitude.
  • the parameter determination unit 233 includes: a number of times determination subunit 2334 and a second determination subunit 2335.
  • the number determination subunit 2334 is used to determine the number of adjustments of the physical parameter by reading the counting information of the counter, and the counter is used to count the number of adjustments of the physical parameter;
  • the second determination subunit 2335 is used to determine the physical parameters of the first processing unit when transmitting the data to be transmitted.
  • the electronic device may be the NOC diagnostic module shown in FIG. 2 , or a chip including the NOC diagnostic module.
  • the electronic device can also be in other forms, which is not limited by this disclosure.
  • Figure 11 illustrates a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • electronic device 11 includes one or more processors 111 and memory 112 .
  • the processor 111 may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other form of processing unit with data processing capabilities and/or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device 11 to perform desired functions.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • the processor 111 may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other form of processing unit with data processing capabilities and/or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device 11 to perform desired functions.
  • Memory 112 may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and/or non-volatile memory.
  • the volatile memory may include, for example, a random access memory (RAM) and/or a cache memory (cache).
  • the non-volatile memory may include, for example, only Read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc.
  • One or more computer program instructions may be stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor 111 may execute the program instructions to implement the data transmission methods of various embodiments of the present disclosure described above and/or other Desired functionality.
  • Various contents such as physical parameters, transmission duration of data to be transmitted, and correspondence between identification information and duration thresholds can also be stored in the computer-readable storage medium.
  • the electronic device 11 may further include an input device 113 and an output device 114, and these components are interconnected through a bus system and/or other forms of connection mechanisms (not shown).
  • the input device 113 may also include, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, and the like.
  • the output device 114 can output various information to the outside, including data to be transmitted.
  • the output device 114 may include, for example, a display, a speaker, a printer, a communication network and remote output devices connected thereto, and the like.
  • the electronic device 11 may also include any other appropriate components depending on the specific application.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure may also be a computer program product, which includes computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the “exemplary method” described above in this specification
  • the steps in the data transmission method according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are described in Sec.
  • the computer program product may be written with program code for performing operations of embodiments of the present disclosure in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages such as Java, C++, etc. , also includes conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" language or similar programming languages.
  • the program code may execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computing device and partly on a remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server execute on.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure may also be a computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon.
  • the computer program instructions when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the above-mentioned “example method” part of this specification.
  • the steps in the data transmission method according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are described in .
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any combination of one or more readable media.
  • the readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium.
  • the readable storage medium may include, for example, but is not limited to, electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices or devices, or any combination thereof.
  • readable storage media include: electrical connections with one or more wires, portable disks, hard disks, Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (Read -Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM) or Flash storage), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory, CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • ROM Read Only Memory
  • EPROM Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • Flash storage Flash storage
  • optical fiber portable compact disk read-only memory
  • CD-ROM Compact Disc Read-Only Memory
  • CD-ROM Compact Disc Read-Only Memory
  • magnetic storage device or any suitable combination of the above.

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Abstract

公开了一种数据传输方法及装置，该方法中，首先确定待传输数据在第一处理单元和第二处理单元之间传输时所需的传输时长，并在检测到待传输数据从第一处理单元传输时启动计时；然后基于计时时长及待传输数据的传输状态，确定第一处理单元在传输该待传输数据时的物理参数；再基于该物理参数，向第二处理单元传输该待传输数据。该方法能够在待传输数据出现传输延迟时，对第一处理单元传输该待传输数据时的物理参数进行调整，并基于调整后的物理参数，将待传输数据传输至第二处理单元，即可根据数据传输是否出现延迟，动态调整数据传输过程中的物理参数，从而减少数据传输延迟发生的可能性，提高数据传输的可靠性。

Description

一种数据传输方法及装置
本公开要求在2022年4月26日提交的、申请号为202210451683.7、发明名称为“一种数据传输方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及芯片诊断技术领域，尤其是一种数据传输方法及装置。
背景技术
在系统级芯片(System On Chip，SoC)内，通常设置有多个知识产权核(Intellectual Property Core，IP核)，同一SoC内的各个IP核，以及不同SoC内的IP核之间可传输数据。
发明内容
目前，在数据传输的过程中，有时会出现传输延迟，即需要获取数据的IP核无法及时获取到数据，而传输延迟往往会导致IP核出现功能异常(例如IP核挂死)，甚至可能导致SoC失效。
为了解决上述技术问题，本公开提供了一种数据传输方法及装置，以减少数据传输延迟发生的可能性，提高数据传输的可靠性。
本公开的第一个方面，提供了一种数据传输方法，包括：首先，确定待传输数据在第一处理单元与第二处理单元之间传输所需的传输时长；然后，从检测到所述待传输数据从所述第一处理单元传输时启动计时；再基于计时时长以及所述待传输数据的传输状态，确定所述第一处理单元在传输所述待传输数据时的物理参数；最后，基于所述物理参数，将所述待传输数据传输至所述第二处理单元。
本公开的第二个方面，提供了一种数据传输装置，包括：时长确定模块，用于确定待传输数据在第一处理单元与第二处理单元之间传输所需的传输时长；计时启动模块，用于从检测到所述待传输数据从所述第一处理单元传输时启动计时；参数确定模块，用于基于所述计时启动模块确定的计时时长以及所述待传输数据的传输状态，确定所述第一处理单元在传输所述待传输数据时的物理参数；数据传输模块，用于基于所述参数确定模块确定的所述物理参数，将所述待传输数据传输至所述第二处理单元。
本公开的第三个方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序用于执行本公开第一方面实施例提出的数据传输的方法。
本公开的第四个方面，提供了一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括：处理器；用于存储所述处理器可执 行指令的存储器。所述处理器，用于从所述存储器中读取所述可执行指令，并执行所述可执行指令以实现本公开第一方面实施例提出所述的数据传输的方法。
基于本公开实施例提供的方案，能够在待传输数据出现传输延迟时，对第一处理单元传输该待传输数据时的物理参数进行调整，并基于调整后的物理参数，将待传输数据传输至第二处理单元。也就是说，本公开实施例提供的方案可根据数据传输的延迟状态，动态调整数据传输过程中的物理参数，从而减少数据传输延迟发生的可能性，提高数据传输的可靠性。
进一步的，由于本公开实施例提供的方案能够提高芯片传输数据的可靠性，因此，还大大提升了芯片的可靠性的性能。
附图说明
图1是一种传统的SoC的示意图。
图2是本公开一示例性实施例提供的SoC的示意图。
图3是本公开一示例性实施例提供的数据传输方法的流程示意图。
图4是本公开一示例性实施例提供的数据交互的示意图。
图5是本公开另一示例性实施例提供的数据传输方法的流程示意图。
图6是本公开另一示例性实施例提供的数据传输方法的流程示意图。
图7是本公开另一示例性实施例提供的数据传输方法的流程示意图。
图8是本公开另一示例性实施例提供的数据传输方法的流程示意图。
图9是本公开一示例性实施例提供的数据传输装置的结构图。
图10是本公开另一示例性实施例提供的数据传输装置的结构图。
图11是本公开一示例性实施例提供的电子设备的结构图。
具体实施方式
下面，将参考附图详细地描述根据本公开的示例实施例。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是本公开的全部实施例，应理解，本公开不受这里描述的示例实施例的限制。
应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本公开的范围。
申请概述
芯片为一种在硅板上集合多种电子元器件，以实现某种特定功能的电路模块，通常包括多种类型，例如片上系统(System On Chip，SoC)、微控制单元(Microcontroller Unit，MCU)和现场可编程逻辑门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)等。另外，各种芯片内往往包含多个模块，该多个模块之间通常可进行数据交互。并且，有些芯片还可与其他芯片进行数据交互。
以SoC为例，在SoC内通常会设置多个IP核。其中，同一SoC内的各个IP核之间可进行数据交互。
另外，SoC还可通过总线(例如高速串行计算机扩展总线)与其他SoC相连接，并与其他SoC内的IP核进行数据交互。参见图1所示的一种SoC的架构示意图，该图中示出三个SoC，分别为SoC1、SoC2和SoC3。这三个SoC位于同一电子控制单元(Electronic Control Unit，ECU)内，各个SoC之间可通过总线连接，构成该ECU的集成电路模块。在一个示例中，该ECU可设置在车辆的车载智能终端内，为车辆提供辅助驾驶或自动驾驶的功能。
参见图1，各个SoC中均设置多个IP核。其中，SoC1中的IP核包括：通用中断控制(General Interrupt Controller，GIC)模块、中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)模块、片上网络(Network On Chip，NOC)控制模块、高速串行计算机扩展总线标准(Peripheral Component Interconnect Express，PCIe)模块、直接存储器访问(Direct Memory Access，DMA)模块、内存模块和其他IP模块，SoC2中的IP核包括：PCIe模块、CPU模块、内存模块和其他IP模块，SoC3中的IP核包括：PCIe模块、CPU模块、内存模块和其他IP模块。在图1中，同一SoC内连接各个IP模块的实线为片上总线，虚线为信号线。
这种情况下，SoC中的各个IP核之间通常可传输数据，实现数据交互，并且，不同SoC之间也可传输数据。例如，SoC1内的IP核还可与SoC 2和SoC 3内的IP核之间传输数据，进行数据交互。
其中，在数据交互过程中的发送端可称为第一处理单元，接收端可称为第二处理单元。以SoC为例，参见图1，如果SoC1中的各个IP核之间进行数据交互，则SoC1内需要进行数据交互的IP核分别为第一处理单元和第二处理单元，如果SoC1中的IP核向SoC2中的IP核传输数据，则该SoC1中的IP核为第一处理单元，该SoC 2中的IP核为第二处理单元。
但是，第一处理单元和第二处理单元在进行数据交互的过程中，有时会出现传输延迟，导致需要获取数据的第二处理单元无法及时获取所需的数据。特别在有些情况下，需要传输的数据量较大，会出现较严重的传输延迟，甚至导致第二处理单元无法获取到所需的数据。如果芯片存在传输延迟，可能导致芯片内的模块功能异常(例如需要接收数据的第二处理单元挂死)，甚至可能导致芯片整体的功能失效。
例如，如果芯片用于为车辆的自动驾驶功能提供支持，在数据传输过程中出现传输延迟的话，可能会导致车辆的自动驾驶功能丧失。
针对传输延迟的现象，传统方案中通常采用超时错误监控技术。这一技术中，通常由芯片内的某一模 块(例如图1中的NOC控制模块)对数据传输的过程进行监控，并在监控到某一数据的传输出现超时时，报告错误。
但是，通过超时错误监控技术，只能监控到是否出现传输延迟的现象，在报告错误时，传输延迟现象已经发生，并且往往已经产生芯片内模块的功能异常或芯片的功能失效。
有鉴于此，本公开实施例提供一种数据传输方法及装置，以减少芯片出现数据传输延迟的现象。
示例性系统
本公开实施例可应用于需要进行数据交互的芯片中，该芯片可包括SoC、MCU和FPGA等。并且，该芯片可应用于多种应用场景中，该应用场景可包括辅助驾驶、自动驾驶或物联网(Internet of Things，IoT)等应用场景。
例如，在辅助驾驶或自动驾驶的应用场景中，车辆的同一芯片内的各个处理单元(例如SoC内的IP核)或不同芯片之间的处理单元之间可通过本公开实施例提供的数据传输方法进行数据交互，以减少数据传输延迟的现象，提高数据传输的可靠性，进一步提高辅助驾驶或自动驾驶的准确度。
为了实现本公开实施例提供的数据传输方法，在芯片内通常设置有可执行该数据传输方法的模块。在一个可行的示例中，该模块可为图1所示的示意图内的NOC控制模块。在另一个可行的示例中，该模块可为在传统的芯片的基础上增设的一个模块。
图2是本公开所适用的一种芯片的示例图，并且在该示例中，应用本公开实施例提供的数据传输方法的芯片为SoC。如图2所示，在ECU内设置有三个SoC，分别为SoC 1、SoC 2和SoC 3。其中SoC 1内的各个IP核之间可进行数据传输，这种情况下，第一处理单元和第二处理单元均为SoC 1内的IP核。并且，SoC 1内的IP核还可以与其他SoC内的IP核之间进行数据传输，这种情况下，第一处理单元可为SoC 1内的IP核，第二处理单元为其他SoC内的IP核。针对这一示例，可在SoC 1内增设NOC诊断模块，由NOC诊断模块执行本公开实施例提供的数据传输方法，以减少数据传输过程中出现的传输延迟的现象。
另外，如果SoC 2或SoC 3有传输数据的需求，也可在SoC 2或SoC 3内设置NOC诊断模块，并由该NOC诊断模块执行本公开实施例提供的数据传输方法，相应减少数据传输过程中的传输延迟现象。
示例性方法
图3是本公开一示例性实施例提供的数据传输方法的流程示意图。本实施例可应用在电子设备上，如图3所示，该方法包括如下步骤：
步骤S201、确定待传输数据在第一处理单元与第二处理单元之间传输所需的传输时长。
其中，如果待传输数据为在同一芯片内的各个模块之间传输的数据，则第一处理单元与第二处理单元位于同一芯片。例如，如果待传输数据为在图2所示的SoC 1内的CPU模块和内存模块之间传输的数据，则第一处理单元为SoC 1内的CPU模块，第二处理单元为SoC 1内的内存模块。
如果待传输数据为不同芯片之间传输的数据，则第一处理单元与第二处理单元分别位于不同的芯片。例如，如果待传输数据为在图2所示的SoC 1和SoC 2之间传输的数据，并且，该待传输数据由SoC 1内的CPU模块发送，并由SoC 2内的内存模块接收，则第一处理单元为SoC 1内的CPU模块，第二处理单元为SoC2内的内存模块。
步骤S202、从检测到待传输数据从第一处理单元传输时启动计时。
其中，如果本次数据传输为数据写操作，则可从检测到第一处理单元开始向第二处理单元发送写入地址时启动计时；如果本次数据传输为数据读操作，则可从检测到第一处理单元向第二处理单元发送读取地址时启动计时。
在一个示例中，第一处理单元为图2所示的SoC 1内的CPU模块，第二处理单元为图2所示的SoC 2内的内存模块。这种情况下，可对SoC 1内的CPU模块进行监控。如果本次数据传输为数据写操作，并且通过监控，确定SoC1内的CPU模块向SoC2内的内存模块发送写入地址，则启动计时。另外，如果本次数据传输为数据读操作，并且通过监控，确定SoC1内的CPU模块向SoC2内的内存模块发送读取地址，则启动计时。
步骤S203、基于计时时长以及待传输数据的传输状态，确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的物理参数。
其中，待传输数据的传输状态通常包括：待传输数据处于传输中和待传输数据的传输结束。通常情况下，如果基于计时时长和待传输数据的传输状态，确定待传输数据出现传输延迟，则确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的物理参数。
例如，第一处理单元为图2所示的SoC 1内的CPU模块，第二处理单元为图2所示的SoC 2内的内存模块，若计时时长以及待传输数据的传输状态表征在到达待传输数据在第一处理单元与第二处理单元之间传输所需的传输时长之后，待传输数据的传输状态仍为待传输数据处于传输中，则表示待传输数据出现传输延迟，则确定SoC 1内的CPU模块在传输待传输数据时的物理参数。
步骤S204、基于物理参数，将待传输数据传输至第二处理单元。
通过步骤S203，可在待传输数据出现传输延迟的情况下，确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的物理参数。这种情况下，为了能够使第二处理单元及时获取所需的数据，可基于确定的物理参数，再次向第二处理单元传输该待传输数据。
例如，芯片的架构如图2所示，第一处理单元为SoC1内的CPU模块，第二处理单元为SoC 2内的内存模块，通过本公开实施例的方案进行数据传输时，首先确定待传输数据在SoC1内的CPU模块与SoC2内的内存模块之间传输时所需的传输时长，并在检测到待传输数据从SoC1内的CPU模块传输时启动计时；若基于计时时长及待传输数据的传输状态，确定该待传输数据在从SoC1内的CPU模块到SoC2内的内存模块的传输过程中出现延时，确定SoC1内的CPU模块在传输该待传输数据时的物理参数；然后，基于该物理参数，向SoC 2内的内存模块传输该待传输数据。
基于本公开实施例提供的方案，能够在待传输数据出现传输延迟时，对第一处理单元传输该待传输数据时的物理参数进行调整，并基于调整后的物理参数，将待传输数据传输至第二处理单元。也就是说，本公开实施例提供的方案可根据数据传输是否出现延迟的情况，动态调整数据传输过程中的物理参数，从而减少数据传输延迟发生的可能性，提高数据传输的可靠性。
进一步的，由于本公开实施例提供的方案能够提高芯片传输数据的可靠性，因此，还大大提升了芯片可靠性的性能。
另外，第一处理单元可能需要传输多种数据，例如中断信号、故障信号、握手信号、控制信号、应用数据和状态信号等。
其中，如果需要指示第二处理单元进入中断状态，第一处理单元可传输该中断信号；当某一模块出现故障，需要第二处理单元进行分析时，第一处理单元可传输该故障信号，该故障信号可包含该模块的故障信息；如果需要与第二处理单元进行握手，第一处理单元可传输握手信号；当需要对第二处理单元进行控制时，第一处理单元可向第二处理单元传输相应的控制信号；当第二处理单元需要获取应用数据时，第一处理单元可向第二处理单元传输该应用数据，例如，如果第一处理单元获取移动硬盘中的某一文件，而第二处理单元需要该文件，则第一处理单元可向第二处理单元传输包括该文件的应用数据；另外，为了使第二处理单元确定第一处理单元的状态，第一处理单元可向第二处理单元传输状态信号，该状态信号可包括第一处理单元的状态。
在一种可能的实现方式中，可将该多种数据均作为待传输数据，并通过本公开实施例提供的方案进行数据传输。
或者，在另一种可能的实现方式中，可将该多种数据中的部分数据作为待传输数据，并通过本公开实施例提供的方案进行数据传输，以减少芯片的功耗。
示例性的，由于传输时长较长的数据出现传输延迟的可能性较高，因此，可将第一处理单元需要传输的多种数据中，传输时长较长的数据作为待传输数据，例如，将传输时长为前五的五种数据作为待传输数据；或者，由于优先级较高的数据往往为较重要的数据，为了减少重要数据的传输延迟，可将第一处理单 元需要传输的多种数据中，优先级较高的数据作为待传输数据。
在本公开实施例中，可基于计时时长以及待传输数据的传输状态，确定第一处理单元传输该待传输数据时的物理参数。在一个可行的实现方式中，该物理参数包括用于控制待传输数据的传输速度的参数。
例如，通常情况下，传输数据的带宽越宽，数据的传输速度越快，也就是说，数据的传输带宽对数据的传输速度有一定的影响，因此，在基于计时时长以及待传输数据的传输状态，确定待传输数据出现传输延迟时，可调高待传输数据的传输带宽，相应的该物理参数可包括待传输数据的传输带宽；或者，如果预先为数据设置不同等级的优先级，通常某一数据的优先级越高，则为该数据分配的传输带宽越宽，相应的该数据的传输速度越快，即数据的优先级对数据的传输速度有一定的影响，因此，在基于计时时长以及待传输数据的传输状态，确定待传输数据出现传输延迟时，可提高待传输数据的优先级，则该物理参数可包括待传输数据的优先级。
在本公开实施例提供的方案中，物理参数包括用于控制待传输数据的传输速度的参数。这种情况下，如果基于计时时长以及待传输数据的传输状态，确定待传输数据出现传输延迟，则可调整该物理参数，并通过调整后的物理参数传输待传输数据，以加快该待传输数据的传输速度，减少传输延迟的发生，提高数据传输的可靠性。
在步骤S201中，公开确定待传输数据在第一处理单元与第二处理单元之间传输所需的传输时长的操作。在本公开实施例中，数据传输通常包括：数据写操作和数据读操作。参见图4所示的数据交互的示意图，其中，如果数据传输为数据写操作，数据传输过程通常包括以下步骤：
第一步，第一处理单元向第二处理单元发送写入地址(Write Address，AW)；
第二步，第一处理单元从第二处理单元中读取数据；
第三步，第二处理单元向第一处理单元发送写入确认(Write Response)，第一处理单元接收该写入确认。
这一场景下，待传输数据在第一处理单元与第二处理单元之间传输所需的传输时长，通常为第一处理单元开始发送写入地址至第一处理单元接收到写入确认这一过程的时长。在本公开实施例中，可预先通过对这一过程的监控，确定所需的传输时长。
如果数据传输为数据读操作，数据传输过程通常包括以下步骤：
第一步，第一处理单元向第二处理单元发送读取地址(Read Address，AR)；
第二步，第二处理单元向第一处理单元发送该读取地址对应的数据，第一处理单元获取该数据。
这一场景下，待传输数据在第一处理单元与第二处理单元之间传输所需的传输时长，通常为第一处理单元开始发送读取地址至成功获取需要读取的数据这一过程的时长。在本公开实施例中，可预先通过对这一过程的监控，确定所需的传输时长。
参见图5，在本公开另一示例性实施例中，可在上述图4所示实施例的基础上，通过以下步骤确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的物理参数：
步骤S2031、通过在启动计时时触发的计时装置，确定计时时长。
在这一实施例中，可在第一处理单元所在的芯片内设置计时装置。示例性的，第一处理单元为图2所示的SoC1内的IP核，则该计时装置可设置在图2所示的NOC诊断模块中。
在检测到待传输数据从第一处理单元传输时，可触发该计时装置，以使该计时装置开始计时，并通过读取该计时装置的计时信息，确定计时时长。其中，如果该计时装置设置在NOC诊断模块中，则NOC诊断模块在检测到第一处理单元传输该待传输数据时，触发该计时装置，并通过读取该计时转至的计时信息确定计时时长。
步骤S2032、通过读取第一寄存器中缓存的传输状态对应的状态位，确定待传输数据的传输状态。
在这一实施例中，可在第一处理单元所在的芯片内设置第一寄存器。示例性的，第一处理单元为图2所示的SoC1内的IP核，则该第一寄存器可设置在图2所示的NOC诊断模块中。
第一寄存器用于缓存传输状态对应的状态位，其中，如果待传输数据处于传输中，该第一寄存器通常缓存对应的第一状态位，该第一状态位用于表示待传输数据处于传输中。另外，如果待传输数据的传输结束，第一寄存器中缓存的状态位调整为相应的第二状态位，该第二状态位表示该待传输数据的传输已经结束。
这种情况下，通过读取第一寄存器中缓存的传输状态对应的状态位，即可确定待传输数据的传输状态。其中，如果第一寄存器设置在图2所示的NOC诊断模块中，则NOC诊断模块可读取该第一寄存器中缓存的状态位，并据此确定待传输数据的传输状态。
步骤S2033、当传输状态对应的状态位表征待传输数据处于传输中时，基于计时时长确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的物理参数。
如果传输状态对应的状态位表征待传输数据处于传输中，则表明待传输未完成传输，有可能出现传输延迟，因此可根据计时时长与待传输数据在第一处理单元与第二处理单元之间传输所需的传输时长，确定是否需要确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的物理参数。
这一实施例公开的方案，能够基于计时装置确定计时时长，以及基于第一寄存器的缓存确定待传输数据的传输状态，以便根据该计时时长和待传输数据的传输状态确定第一处理单元传输待传输数据时的物理参数。
计时装置通常包括多种类型。在一个可行的示例中，用于计时的计时装置可包括计时器。当计时装置包括计时器时，步骤S2031可通过以下操作实现：通过周期性读取计时器的计时信息，确定计时时长。
也就是说，这一实施例中，检测到待传输数据从第一处理单元传输时，触发计时器开始计时，从而可通过计时器确定计时时长。
相应的，参见图6，在本公开另一示例性实施例中，可在上述图4所示实施例的基础上，基于计时时长确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的物理参数，可包括以下步骤：
步骤S20331、比较计时时长与待传输数据在第一处理单元与第二处理单元之间传输所需的传输时长。
步骤S20332、当计时时长大于传输时长时，通过第二寄存器中存储的标识信息与时长阈值之间的对应关系，以及待传输数据的标识信息，确定待传输数据对应的时长阈值。
其中，标识信息包括以下至少一种：地址、数据标识符(Data Identifier，DID)和传输通道。该地址通常包括源地址和目的地址。
在这一实施例中，可在第一处理单元所在的芯片内设置第二寄存器。示例性的，第一处理单元为图2所示的SoC 1内的IP核，则该第二寄存器可设置在图2所示的NOC诊断模块中。另外，第一寄存器和第二寄存器可为同一寄存器，也可为不同的寄存器，本公开实施例对此不作限定。
标识信息与时长阈值之间的对应关系可通过不同方式确定。在一个示例中，针对优先级较高的数据或较为重要的数据，其标识信息所对应的时长阈值较小。或者，在另一示例中，可设置传输时长越长的数据，其标识信息所对应的时长阈值越大。当然，也可通过其他方式设置该对应关系，本公开实施例对此不作限定。
其中，如果第二寄存器设置在图2所示的NOC诊断模块中，则NOC诊断模块确定计时时长大于传输时长时，可读取第二寄存器中存储的标识信息与时长阈值之间的对应关系，以及待传输数据的标识信息，并据此确定待传输数据对应的时长阈值。
步骤S20333、当计时时长与传输时长之间的差值不小于待传输数据对应的时长阈值时，确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的物理参数。
如果计时时长与传输时长之间的差值不小于待传输数据对应的时长阈值，则表明待传输数据的传输出现延迟，这种情况下，需要确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的物理参数。
本公开实施例通过周期性读取计时器的计时信息，确定计时时长，并通过第二寄存器存储的标识信息与时长阈值之间的对应关系，确定待传输数据对应的时长阈值，从而能够根据该时长阈值，确定是否需要确定第一处理单元传输待传输数据的物理参数。
进一步的，在这一方案中，第二寄存器中可存储多种标识信息与时长阈值之间的对应关系，从而能够根据该对应关系，确定第一处理单元在传输多种待传输数据时的物理参数，满足多种数据的传输需求。
在一个可行的示例中，用于计时的计时装置可包括定时器。当计时装置包括定时器时，步骤S2031可 通过以下操作实现：
通过读取定时器生成的定时信息，确定计时时长。定时器用于在当前时间与触发时间之间的差值到达预警时长时，生成定时信息，预警时长大于待传输数据在第一处理单元与第二处理单元之间传输所需的传输时长。
在这一实施例中，检测到待传输数据从第一处理单元开始传输时，触发定时器。该定时器在当前时间与触发时间之间的差值到达预警时长时，会生成定时信息。这种情况下，该当前时间与触发时间之间的时长可作为该待传输数据的传输时长，即定时器在待传输数据的传输时长到达预警时长时，生成定时信息。
通过该定时信息，即可确定待传输数据在传输过程中出现延迟，从而需要确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的物理参数。
进一步的，在这一方案中，只需设置定时器且通过读取定时器生成的定时信息，即可确定该物理参数，操作方式较为简捷。并且，该方案在待传输数据的传输时长到达预警时长时，即可获取定时信息，因此，能够及时确定待传输数据是否出现传输延迟，提高数据传输的效率。
参见图7，在本公开另一示例性实施例中，可在上述图4所示实施例的基础上，可通过以下步骤确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的物理参数：
步骤S20334、确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的标识信息。
其中，标识信息包括以下至少一种：地址、数据标识符DID和传输通道。
步骤S20335、基于标识信息，以及第三寄存器中存储的标识信息分别与当前需要调整的物理参数的类型以及调整幅度的对应关系，确定当前需要调整的物理参数的类型和调整幅度。
在这一实施例中，可在第一处理单元所在的芯片内设置第三寄存器。示例性的，第一处理单元为图2所示的SoC 1内的IP核，则该第三寄存器可设置在图2所示的NOC诊断模块中。另外，第三寄存器和第一寄存器或第二寄存器可为同一寄存器，也可为不同的寄存器，本公开实施例对此不作限定。
第三寄存器用于存储预先设置的标识信息与当前需要调整的物理参数的类型以及调整幅度的对应关系。
在一种可行的示例中，该对应关系中的调整幅度可为具体的数值。例如，可通过表1表示：
表1
在表1对应的示例中，标识信息为DID1时，对应的需要调整的物理参数为优先级，对应的调整幅度为1级；标识信息为DID2时，对应的需要调整的物理参数为传输带宽，对应的调整幅度为10％；标识信息为传输通道1时，对应的需要调整的物理参数为优先级和传输带宽，对应的调整幅度分别为1级和5％；标识信息为传输通道2时，对应的需要调整的物理参数为工作频率，对应的调整幅度为5％。
其中，如果在该对应关系中，待传输数据的标识信息所对应的需要调整的物理参数包括至少两种，则可将这至少两种物理参数均作为当前需要调整的物理参数，或者任选其中一种物理参数作为当前需要调整的物理参数。
例如，在表1中，标识信息为传输通道1时，该对应关系指示的需要调整的物理参数为优先级和传输带宽，这种情况下，可确定当前需要调整的物理参数包括优先级和传输带宽，并在后续操作中，对这两种物理参数均进行调整。或者，还可以仅将优先级或仅将传输带宽作为当前需要调整的物理参数。
在另一种可行的示例中，该对应关系中的调整幅度可包括物理参数的不同范围分别与该范围相对应的调整幅度。这种情况下，可基于物理参数所处的范围确定相应的调整幅度。
例如，如果物理参数包括优先级，且优先级包括七个等级，可设定在该对应关系中，指示某一数据的优先级为1级至3级时，对应的调整幅度为2级，某一数据的优先级为4级至6级时，对应的调整幅度为1级，某一数据的优先级为7级时，对应的调整幅度为0级。这种情况下，如果待传输数据当前的优先级为3级，则确定需要调整的优先级的调整幅度为2级，即在调整后，该待传输数据的优先级为5级。
另外，如果物理参数包括传输带宽，可设定在该对应关系中，指示空闲的传输带宽在a～b MHz范围内时，对应的调整幅度为cMHz；空闲的传输带宽在d～e MHz范围内时，对应的调整幅度为f MHz。其中，a、b、c、d、e和f均为正数，且c≤a<b，f≤d<e。这种情况下，如果当前空闲的传输带宽为g MHz，且a<g<b，则确定需要调整的传输带宽的调整幅度为c MHz，即在调整后，该待传输数据的传输带宽增加c MHz。
步骤S20336、基于当前需要调整的物理参数的类型和调整幅度，确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的物理参数。
在这一步骤中，可基于该物理参数的当前值和调整幅度，对物理参数进行调整。
通过本公开实施例提供的方案，可基于待传输数据对应的标识信息，以及标识信息分别与当前需要调整的物理参数的类型以及调整幅度的对应关系，确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的物理参数，实现对物理参数的调整，以便通过调整后的物理参数传输该待传输数据，减少传输延迟的现象。
物理参数的类型可包括多种，在本公开另一示例性实施例中，可在上述图4所示实施例的基础上，可通过以下步骤确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的物理参数：
当当前需要调整的物理参数的类型包括优先级时，基于待传输数据当前的优先级和调整幅度，确定调 整后的优先级；
基于调整后的优先级，为待传输数据分配相应的优先级标识，或者，将待传输数据缓存至调整后的优先级对应的传输队列中。
如果当前需要调整的物理参数的类型包括优先级，则基于待传输数据当前的优先级和调整幅度，对待传输数据的优先级进行调整。
如果当前需要调整的物理参数的类型包括优先级，通常根据调整幅度，提高待传输数据的优先级，以便提高该待传输数据的传输速度。示例性的，如果预先将数据的优先级划分为七个等级，且等级越高，优先级越高，而待传输数据当前的优先级为第三等级，调整幅度为一级，则可确定调整后的优先级为第四等级。
第一处理单元传输数据的过程中，可通过读取数据的优先级标识确定数据的优先级。这种情况下，在确定调整后的优先级之后，可为待传输数据分配相应的优先级标识。
另外，第一处理单元传输数据的过程中，还可根据数据的优先级，将数据缓存至相应的传输队列中。这种情况下，在确定调整后的优先级之后，可将待传输数据缓存至调整后的优先级对应的传输队列中。
当所述当前需要调整的物理参数的类型包括传输带宽时，确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的物理参数，可包括以下步骤：
基于待传输数据当前的物理带宽和调整幅度，确定调整后的物理带宽。
如果当前需要调整的物理参数的类型包括传输带宽，通常根据调整幅度，提高待传输数据的传输带宽。示例性的，如果调整幅度为10％，则可在当前传输带宽的基础上，以10％的比例提高该传输带宽。
当所述当前需要调整的物理参数的类型包括工作频率时，确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的物理参数，可包括以下步骤：
基于当前的工作频率和调整幅度，确定调整后的工作频率。
在这一步骤中，通常可根据该调整幅度，降低第一处理单元或第一处理单元所在芯片的工作频率，示例性的，如果调整幅度为5％，则可在当前的工作频率的基础上，以5％的比例降低第一处理单元或第一单元所在芯片的工作频率。
另外，通过降低第一处理单元或第一处理单元所在芯片的工作频率，可降低第二处理单元对传输延迟的敏感性，放缓第二处理单元对待传输数据的需求，相应减少传输延迟的现象。
例如，如果某一待传输数据在传输过程中，耗时时长超过30ms则认为出现传输延迟，而在降低工作频率后，第二处理单元对该待传输数据的需求放缓，该待传输数据在传输过程中耗时时长超过32ms的情况下，才认为出现传输延迟，从而能够减少传输延迟的现象。
通过本公开实施例提供的方案，可实现对第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的物理参数的调整，通过调整后物理参数传输待传输数据，有利于减少数据传输延迟的现象，提高数据传输的可靠性。
在本公开另一示例性实施例中，可在上述图4所示实施例的基础上，确定所述第一处理单元在传输所述待传输数据时的物理参数，可包括以下步骤：
第一步，通过读取计数器的计数信息，确定物理参数的调整次数，该计数器用于对物理参数的调整次数进行计数。
在这一公开实施例中，可在第一处理单元所在的芯片设置计数器。示例性的，第一处理单元为图2所示的SoC1内的IP核，则该计数器可设置在图2所示的NOC诊断模块中。该计数器用于对物理参数调整的次数进行计数，也就是说，每次调整物理参数后，该计数器在当前计数的基础上加一。
这种情况下，通过读取该计数器的技术信息，即可确定物理参数的调整次数。
第二步，当调整次数小于待传输数据对应的次数阈值时，确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的物理参数。
也就是说，只有物理参数的调整次数小于该次数阈值时，才确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的物理参数。
有些应用场景中，例如芯片出现故障等，即使多次调整物理参数，仍会出现传输延迟，这种情况下，如果每次出现传输延迟都调整物理参数，不仅无法解决传输延迟的问题，还会导致功耗的浪费。
针对这一问题，在这一实施例提供的方案中，为物理参数设置相应的次数阈值，并且在物理参数的调整次数小于该次数阈值的情况下，才确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的物理参数，从而能够在减少传输延迟现象的同时，还可减少功耗的浪费。
另外，如果基于计数器的计数信息，确定物理参数的调整次数不小于该次数阈值，还可产生提示信息，以提示技术人员对芯片性能进行检测。
进一步的，在本公开另一示例性实施例中，当调整次数大于或者等于该待传输数据对应的次数阈值时，还可在保持物理参数不变的情况下，继续传输数据及计时。这种情况下，如果基于计时时长和待传输数据的传输状态，确定计时时长达到中断时长，但待传输数据仍在传输时，还可进行超时错误处理。
其中，中断时长通常大于预警时长。如果计时时长达到中断时长，但待传输数据仍在传输，则表明经过预警时长，该待传输数据仍未完成传输，待传输数据的传输延迟较严重。这种情况下，可认为待传输数据的传输出现超时错误，从而进行超时错误处理。
该超时错误处理可包括调用预先设置的超时错误处理函数，以修复该超时错误。并且，该超时错误处理还可包括生成警示信息，以提示技术人员及时注意到传输延迟较严重的这一现象，便于技术人员及时采 取相应措施，避免影响芯片的正常工作。
为了明确本公开的优势，以下提供一种针对本公开实施例的数据传输方法的应用场景。该应用场景中，需要识别是否存在传输延迟的现象，从而针对性对物理参数进行调试，以便提高数据传输的可靠性，使芯片具有较优的性能。这种情况下，参见图8，该数据传输方法可包括以下步骤：
步骤S301、确定待传输数据在第一处理单元与第二处理单元之间传输所需的传输时长。
步骤S302、从检测到所述待传输数据从所述第一处理单元传输时启动计时。
其中，步骤S301至步骤S302的操作与步骤S201至步骤S202的操作相同，可相互参照，此处不再赘述。
步骤S303、基于计时时长和待传输数据的传输状态，确定第一处理单元在传输该待传输数据时，是否出现传输延迟。
如果否，执行步骤S304的操作，如果是，执行步骤S305的操作。
步骤S304、如果确定第一处理单元在传输该待传输数据时，未出现传输延迟，则确定当前的物理参数已调试至最佳的区间，针对物理参数的调试完成。
步骤S305、如果确定第一处理单元在传输该待传输数据时，出现传输延迟，对物理参数进行调整，并返回执行步骤S302的操作。
其中，对物理参数进行调整的方法可参照步骤S20334至步骤S20336，此处不再赘述。
通过这一实施例的方案，可实现对物理参数的调试，通过调试后的芯片进行数据的传输，能够减少传输延迟的性能，从而提高数据传输的可靠性，提高芯片的性能。
示例性装置
图9是本公开一示例性实施例提供的数据传输装置的结构图。该数据传输装置可以设置于终端设备、服务器等电子设备中，或者车辆等对象上，执行本公开上述任一实施例的数据传输方法。如图9所示，该实施例的数据传输装置包括：时长确定模块21、计时启动模块22、参数确定模块23和数据传输模块24。
其中，时长确定模块21，用于确定待传输数据在第一处理单元与第二处理单元之间传输所需的传输时长；
计时启动模块22，用于从检测到所述待传输数据从所述第一处理单元传输时启动计时；
参数确定模块23，用于基于所述计时启动模块22确定的计时时长以及所述待传输数据的传输状态，确定所述第一处理单元在传输所述待传输数据时的物理参数；
数据传输模块24，用于基于所述参数确定模块23确定的所述物理参数，将所述待传输数据传输至所述 第二处理单元。
本公开实施例提供的方案可根据数据传输是否出现延迟的情况，动态调整数据传输过程中的物理参数，从而减少数据传输延迟发生的可能性，提高数据传输的可靠性。
进一步的，由于本公开实施例提供的方案能够提高芯片传输数据的可靠性，因此，还优化了芯片的性能。
其中，在一种可行的示例中，物理参数包括用于控制待传输数据的传输速度的参数。
进一步的，参见图10所示的结构示意图，在一种可行的示例中，该参数确定模块23包括：
计时单元231，用于通过在启动计时时触发的计时装置，确定计时时长；
状态确定单元232，用于通过读取第一寄存器中缓存的传输状态对应的状态位，确定待传输数据的传输状态；
参数确定单元233，用于当传输状态对应的状态位表征待传输数据处于传输中时，基于所述计时时长确定第一处理单元在传输所述待传输数据时的物理参数。
其中，当所述计时装置包括计时器时，计时单元23用于通过周期性读取所述计时器的计时信息，确定所述计时时长。
并且，这种情况下，参数确定单元233包括：比较子单元、阈值确定子单元和参数确定子单元。
其中，比较子单元用于比较所述计时时长与所述传输时长；
当比较子单元确定所述计时时长大于所述传输时长时，阈值确定子单元用于通过第二寄存器中存储的标识信息与时长阈值之间的对应关系，以及所述待传输数据的标识信息，确定所述待传输数据对应的时长阈值，所述标识信息包括以下至少一种：地址、数据标识符DID和传输通道；
当所述计时时长与所述传输时长之间的差值不小于阈值确定子单元确定的所述待传输数据对应的时长阈值时，参数确定子单元用于确定所述第一处理单元在传输所述待传输数据时的物理参数。
其中，当所述计时装置包括定时器时，计时单元231用于通过读取所述定时器生成的定时信息，确定所述计时时长，所述定时器用于在当前时间与触发时间之间的差值到达预警时长时，生成所述定时信息，所述预警时长大于所述传输时长。
在一种可行的示例中，该参数确定单元233包括：标识信息确定子单元2331、参数信息确定子单元2332和第一确定子单元2333。
其中，标识信息确定子单元2331用于确定第一处理单元在传输待传输数据时的标识信息，所述标识信息包括以下至少一种：地址、数据标识符DID和传输通道；
参数信息确定子单元2332用于基于标识信息确定子单元2331确定的所述标识信息，以及第三寄存器 中存储的所述标识信息分别与当前需要调整的物理参数的类型以及调整幅度的对应关系，确定所述当前需要调整的物理参数的类型和调整幅度；
第一确定子单元2333用于基于参数信息确定子单元2332确定的所述当前需要调整的物理参数的类型和调整幅度，确定所述第一处理单元在传输所述待传输数据时的物理参数。
在一种可行的示例中，当所述当前需要调整的物理参数的类型包括优先级时，该第一确定子单元2333用于基于待传输数据当前的优先级和所述调整幅度，确定调整后的优先级，并基于所述调整后的优先级，为所述待传输数据分配相应的优先级标识，或者，将所述待传输数据缓存至所述调整后的优先级对应的传输队列中。
或者，当所述当前需要调整的物理参数的类型包括传输带宽时，该第一确定子单元2333用于基于所述待传输数据当前的物理带宽和所述调整幅度，确定调整后的物理带宽。
另外，当所述当前需要调整的物理参数的类型包括工作频率时，该第一确定子单元2333用于基于当前的工作频率和所述调整幅度，确定调整后的工作频率。
在一种可行的示例中，该参数确定单元233包括：次数确定子单元2334和第二确定子单元2335。
其中，该次数确定子单元2334用于通过读取计数器的计数信息，确定所述物理参数的调整次数，所述计数器用于对所述物理参数的调整次数进行计数；
当次数确定子单元2334确定所述调整次数小于所述待传输数据对应的次数阈值时，第二确定子单元2335用于确定所述第一处理单元在传输所述待传输数据时的物理参数。
示例性电子设备
下面，参考图11来描述根据本公开实施例的电子设备。在本公开一示例性实施例中，该电子设备可以是图2所示的NOC诊断模块，或者为包括该NOC诊断模块的芯片。当然，该电子设备也可以为其他形式，本公开对此不作限定。
图11图示了根据本公开实施例的电子设备的框图。
如图11所示，电子设备11包括一个或多个处理器111和存储器112。
处理器111可以是中央处理单元(central processing unit，CPU)或者具有数据处理能力和/或指令执行能力的其他形式的处理单元，并且可以控制电子设备11中的其他组件以执行期望的功能。
存储器112可以包括一个或多个计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品可以包括各种形式的计算机可读存储介质，例如易失性存储器和/或非易失性存储器。所述易失性存储器例如可以包括随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)和/或高速缓冲存储器(cache)等。所述非易失性存储器例如可以包括只 读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、硬盘、闪存等。在所述计算机可读存储介质上可以存储一个或多个计算机程序指令，处理器111可以运行所述程序指令，以实现上文所述的本公开的各个实施例的数据传输方法以及/或者其他期望的功能。在所述计算机可读存储介质中还可以存储诸如物理参数、待传输数据的传输时长和标识信息与时长阈值之间的对应关系等各种内容。
在一个示例中，电子设备11还可以包括：输入装置113和输出装置114，这些组件通过总线系统和/或其他形式的连接机构(未示出)互连。
此外，该输入装置113还可以包括例如键盘、鼠标等等。
该输出装置114可以向外部输出各种信息，包括待传输数据等。该输出装置114可以包括例如显示器、扬声器、打印机、以及通信网络及其所连接的远程输出设备等等。
当然，为了简化，图11中仅示出了该电子设备11中与本公开有关的组件中的一些，省略了诸如总线、输入/输出接口等等的组件。除此之外，根据具体应用情况，电子设备11还可以包括任何其他适当的组件。
示例性计算机程序产品和计算机可读存储介质
除了上述方法和设备以外，本公开的实施例还可以是计算机程序产品，其包括计算机程序指令，所述计算机程序指令在被处理器运行时使得所述处理器执行本说明书上述“示例性方法”部分中描述的根据本公开各种实施例的数据传输方法中的步骤。
所述计算机程序产品可以以一种或多种程序设计语言的任意组合来编写用于执行本公开实施例操作的程序代码，所述程序设计语言包括面向对象的程序设计语言，诸如Java、C++等，还包括常规的过程式程序设计语言，诸如“C”语言或类似的程序设计语言。程序代码可以完全地在用户计算设备上执行、部分地在用户设备上执行、作为一个独立的软件包执行、部分在用户计算设备上部分在远程计算设备上执行、或者完全在远程计算设备或服务器上执行。
此外，本公开的实施例还可以是计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序指令，所述计算机程序指令在被处理器运行时使得所述处理器执行本说明书上述“示例性方法”部分中描述的根据本公开各种实施例的数据传输方法中的步骤。
所述计算机可读存储介质可以采用一个或多个可读介质的任意组合。可读介质可以是可读信号介质或者可读存储介质。可读存储介质例如可以包括但不限于电、磁、光、电磁、红外线、或半导体的系统、装置或器件，或者任意以上的组合。可读存储介质的更具体的例子(非穷举的列表)包括：具有一个或多个导线的电连接、便携式盘、硬盘、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可擦式可编程只读存储器((Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，EPROM)或闪 存)、光纤、便携式紧凑盘只读存储器(Compact Disc Read-Only Memory，CD-ROM)、光存储器件、磁存储器件、或者上述的任意合适的组合。
以上结合具体实施例描述了本公开的基本原理，但是，需要指出的是，在本公开中提及的优点、优势、效果等仅是示例而非限制，不能认为这些优点、优势、效果等是本公开的各个实施例必须具备的。另外，上述公开的具体细节仅是为了示例的作用和便于理解的作用，而非限制，上述细节并不限制本公开为必须采用上述具体的细节来实现。
本领域的技术人员可以对本公开进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本公开权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本公开也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种数据传输方法，包括：
    确定待传输数据在第一处理单元与第二处理单元之间传输所需的传输时长；
    从检测到所述待传输数据从所述第一处理单元传输时启动计时；
    基于计时时长以及所述待传输数据的传输状态，确定所述第一处理单元在传输所述待传输数据时的物理参数；
    基于所述物理参数，将所述待传输数据传输至所述第二处理单元。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，
    所述物理参数包括用于控制所述待传输数据的传输速度的参数。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述基于计时时长以及所述待传输数据的传输状态，确定所述第一处理单元在传输所述待输数据时的物理参数，包括：
    通过在启动计时时触发的计时装置，确定计时时长；
    通过读取第一寄存器中缓存的所述传输状态对应的状态位，确定所述待传输数据的传输状态；
    当所述传输状态对应的状态位表征所述待传输数据处于传输中时，基于所述计时时长确定所述第一处理单元在传输所述待传输数据时的物理参数。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，当所述计时装置包括计时器时，所述通过在启动计时的情况下触发的计时装置，确定计时时长，包括：
    通过周期性读取所述计时器的计时信息，确定所述计时时长；
    所述基于所述计时时长确定所述第一处理单元在传输所述待传输数据时的物理参数，包括：
    比较所述计时时长与所述传输时长；
    当所述计时时长大于所述传输时长时，通过第二寄存器中存储的标识信息与时长阈值之间的对应关系，以及所述待传输数据的标识信息，确定所述待传输数据对应的时长阈值，所述标识信息包括以下至少一种：地址、数据标识符DID和传输通道；
    当所述计时时长与所述传输时长之间的差值不小于所述待传输数据对应的时长阈值时，确定所述第一处理单元在传输所述待传输数据时的物理参数。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，当所述计时装置包括定时器时，所述通过在启动计时时触发的计时装置，确定计时时长，包括：
    通过读取所述定时器生成的定时信息，确定所述计时时长，所述定时器用于在当前时间与触发时间之间的差值到达预警时长时，生成所述定时信息，所述预警时长大于所述传输时长。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述确定所述第一处理单元在传输所述待传输数据时的物理参 数，包括：
    确定所述第一处理单元在传输所述待传输数据时的标识信息，所述标识信息包括以下至少一种：地址、数据标识符DID和传输通道；
    基于所述标识信息，以及第三寄存器中存储的所述标识信息分别与当前需要调整的物理参数的类型以及调整幅度的对应关系，确定所述当前需要调整的物理参数的类型和调整幅度；
    基于所述当前需要调整的物理参数的类型和调整幅度，确定所述第一处理单元在传输所述待传输数据时的物理参数。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，所述基于所述当前需要调整的物理参数的类型和调整幅度，确定所述第一处理单元在传输所述待传输数据时的物理参数，包括：
    当所述当前需要调整的物理参数的类型包括优先级时，基于所述待传输数据当前的优先级和所述调整幅度，确定调整后的优先级；
    基于所述调整后的优先级，为所述待传输数据分配相应的优先级标识，或者，将所述待传输数据缓存至所述调整后的优先级对应的传输队列中；
    当所述当前需要调整的物理参数的类型包括传输带宽时，基于所述待传输数据当前的物理带宽和所述调整幅度，确定调整后的物理带宽；
    当所述当前需要调整的物理参数的类型包括工作频率时，基于当前的工作频率和所述调整幅度，确定调整后的工作频率。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述确定所述第一处理单元在传输所述待传输数据时的物理参数，包括：
    通过读取计数器的计数信息，确定所述物理参数的调整次数，所述计数器用于对所述物理参数的调整次数进行计数；
    当所述调整次数小于所述待传输数据对应的次数阈值时，确定所述第一处理单元在传输所述待传输数据时的物理参数。
  9. 一种数据传输装置，包括：
    时长确定模块，用于确定待传输数据在第一处理单元与第二处理单元之间传输所需的传输时长；
    计时启动模块，用于从检测到所述待传输数据从所述第一处理单元传输时启动计时；
    参数确定模块，用于基于所述计时启动模块确定的计时时长以及所述待传输数据的传输状态，确定所述第一处理单元在传输所述待传输数据时的物理参数；
    数据传输模块，用于基于所述参数确定模块确定的所述物理参数，将所述待传输数据传输至所述第二处理单元。
  10. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序用于执行上述权利要求1-8任一所述的数据传输方法。
  11. 一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括：
    处理器；
    用于存储所述处理器可执行指令的存储器；
    所述处理器，用于从所述存储器中读取所述可执行指令，并执行所述可执行指令以实现上述权利要求1-8任一所述的数据传输方法。
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