WO2023223885A1 - アミド基含有単量体の製造方法 - Google Patents
アミド基含有単量体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023223885A1 WO2023223885A1 PCT/JP2023/017397 JP2023017397W WO2023223885A1 WO 2023223885 A1 WO2023223885 A1 WO 2023223885A1 JP 2023017397 W JP2023017397 W JP 2023017397W WO 2023223885 A1 WO2023223885 A1 WO 2023223885A1
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- C07C233/16—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
- C07C233/17—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom
- C07C233/18—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom having the carbon atom of the carboxamide group bound to a hydrogen atom or to a carbon atom of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
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Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a method for producing an amide group-containing monomer.
- An object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for efficiently producing an amide group-containing monomer with few impurities.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an amide group-containing polymer that has excellent storage stability, workability, and productivity.
- R 11 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- Y 1 is an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms
- Item 5 The method for producing an amide group-containing monomer according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein R 12 is a linear alkyl group having 10 to 30 carbon atoms.
- Item 6 The method for producing an amide group-containing monomer according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein the total amount of Na, K, and Li present as impurities in the amide group-containing alcohol is 30 ppm or less.
- R 11 is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic group or a halogen atom
- Y 1 is a divalent to tetravalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- R 12 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms.
- the method for producing an amide group-containing monomer the method includes a transesterification step to obtain an amide group-containing monomer represented by Use of an amide group-containing alcohol in which the total amount of Na, K, and Li present as impurities is 300 ppm or less.
- the amide group-containing monomer according to Item 8 wherein R 12 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 11 or more carbon atoms.
- R 11 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- Y 1 is an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms
- Item 9 The amide group-containing monomer according to Item 8 or 9, wherein R 12 is a linear alkyl group having 10 to 30 carbon atoms.
- Item 13 A method for producing a dispersion, comprising a polymer production step of producing an amide group-containing polymer by the method for producing an amide group-containing polymer according to item 11 or 12.
- a method for producing a water repellent composition or an oil-resistant composition comprising a polymer production step of producing an amide group-containing polymer by the method for producing an amide group-containing polymer according to item 11 or 12.
- [Section 15] A water repellent composition or oil resistant composition manufacturing step of manufacturing a water repellent composition or an oil resistant composition by the manufacturing method according to Item 14; A method of manufacturing a treated textile or paper product, comprising a treatment step of treating wood.
- the method for producing an amide group-containing monomer according to the present disclosure can efficiently produce an amide group-containing monomer with few impurities. Further, a dispersion produced using an amide group-containing monomer obtained by the method for producing an amide group-containing monomer according to the present disclosure has excellent storage stability and is advantageous from the viewpoint of workability and productivity.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a settling tube used in a natural settling test in an example of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sedimentation tube used in a centrifugal sedimentation test in an example of the present disclosure.
- R 11 is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic group, or a halogen atom.
- monovalent organic groups include cyano groups, aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (eg, alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, etc.), and aromatic groups having 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
- halogen atoms include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and the like.
- R 11 may be a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a methyl group, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted benzyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, such as a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom , a cyano group, preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a chlorine atom, especially a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- Y 1 is a di- to tetravalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Y 1 may be a divalent or trivalent group, for example divalent.
- the number of carbon atoms in Y 1 may be 1 to 6, for example, 1 or more, 2 or more, 3 or more, or 4 or more, and 6 or less, 5 or less, 4 or less, or 3 or less, For example, 2-4, or 2-3.
- Y 1 may be an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, for example an alkylene group.
- Y 1 may be linear or branched, preferably linear.
- R 12 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms.
- R 12 is preferably a branched or long chain (or long chain linear) hydrocarbon group.
- the hydrocarbon group may be an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, particularly a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group (alkyl group).
- the number of carbon atoms in R 12 may be 6 or more, 8 or more, 10 or more, 11 or more, 12 or more, 14 or more, 16 or more, or 18 or more, preferably 10 or more, more preferably 12 or more.
- the number of carbon atoms in R 11 may be 40 or less, 35 or less, 30 or less, 25 or less, 20 or less, 15 or less, or 10 or less, preferably 30 or less, more preferably 25 or less.
- the compound of the following chemical formula is an acrylic compound having a hydrogen atom at the ⁇ position, but may also be a methacrylic compound having a methyl group at the ⁇ position and an ⁇ chloroacrylic compound having a chlorine atom at the ⁇ position.
- the amide group-containing monomer may have Michael addition products as impurities.
- the Michael addition product has a structure in which an alcohol is added to an amide group-containing monomer, or may have a structure in which an alcohol is added to a dimer of an amide group-containing monomer.
- the alcohol may be an amide group-containing alcohol that is an amide group-containing monomer, or may be an alcohol produced by decomposition of a raw material ester.
- Specific examples include compounds represented by: etc.
- the amount of the Michael addition product is 0% by weight or more, 0.1% by weight or more, 0.3% by weight or more, 0.5% by weight or more based on the amide group-containing monomer. , or 0.7% by weight or more.
- the amount of the Michael addition product is 2% by weight or less, less than 2% by weight, 1.6% by weight or less, 1.2% by weight or less, 0% by weight or less based on the amide group-containing monomer. .8% by weight or less, or 0.4% by weight or less, preferably 1.2% by weight or less, more preferably 0.8% by weight or less.
- the content of the Michael addition product can be measured by a common method such as LCMS analysis.
- the method for producing an amide group-containing monomer in the present disclosure includes a transesterification step.
- an amide group-containing monomer can be obtained by reacting the amide group-containing alcohol and the raw material ester using a catalyst if necessary.
- the explanation can be used as an explanation for Y 1 and R 12 in the amide group-containing alcohol.
- the amide group-containing alcohol may contain an alkali metal element as an impurity, particularly at least one selected from the group consisting of Na, K and Li.
- Alkali metal elements can be present in the form of salts, oxides, hydroxides, alcoholates or ions.
- the total amount of alkali metal elements in the amide group-containing alcohol may be 0 ppm or more, 5 ppm or more, 30 ppm or more, 50 ppm or more, 70 ppm or more, or 100 ppm or more.
- the total amount of alkali metal elements in the amide group-containing alcohol may be 300 ppm or less, less than 300 ppm, 280 ppm or less, 200 ppm or less, 160 ppm or less, 120 ppm or less, 80 ppm or less, 50 ppm or less, 30 ppm or less, or 10 ppm or less, and is preferably is 200 ppm or less, more preferably 50 ppm or less, particularly preferably 30 ppm or less.
- the total amount of Na, K, and Li in the amide group-containing alcohol may be 0 ppm or more, 5 ppm or more, 30 ppm or more, 50 ppm or more, 70 ppm or more, or 100 ppm or more.
- the total amount of Na, K and Li in the amide group-containing alcohol may be 300 ppm or less, less than 300 ppm, 280 ppm or less, 200 ppm or less, 160 ppm or less, 120 ppm or less, 80 ppm or less, 50 ppm or less, 30 ppm or less, or 10 ppm or less. , preferably 200 ppm or less, more preferably 50 ppm or less, particularly preferably 30 ppm or less.
- the total amount of alkali metal elements and the total amount of Na, K, and Li can be measured by ICP spectroscopy or the like.
- R 11 in the raw material ester is, for example, hydrogen or methyl.
- R 13 is a monovalent organic group, and is not particularly limited as long as it does not lose the transesterification reactivity between the raw material ester and the alcohol, but it is typically a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. It may be an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, for example an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (for example 1 to 3 carbon atoms), especially a methyl group or ethyl group.
- the molar ratio of the raw material ester used in the transesterification step to the amide group-containing alcohol is usually 1 or more.
- the molar ratio of the raw material ester to the amide group-containing alcohol may be 1.1 or more, 2 or more, or 3 or more.
- the molar ratio of raw material ester to amide group-containing alcohol may be 10 or less, 8 or less, or 6 or less.
- a catalyst may be used for the transesterification reaction if necessary.
- the catalyst are not particularly limited, and any known transesterification catalyst may be used, and the catalyst may be a homogeneous catalyst or a heterogeneous catalyst.
- catalysts include oxides such as barium oxide, lead oxide, zinc oxide, and zirconium oxide; hydroxides such as tin hydroxide, lead hydroxide, and nickel hydroxide; and tin chloride, lead chloride, zirconium chloride, and nickel chloride.
- Chloride carbonate such as lead carbonate, zinc carbonate, nickel carbonate, rubidium carbonate, hydrogen carbonate such as rubidium hydrogen carbonate, cesium hydrogen carbonate, phosphorus such as rubidium phosphate, lead phosphate, zinc phosphate, nickel phosphate, etc.
- nitrates such as lead nitrate, zinc nitrate, nickel nitrate, acetates such as lead acetate, zinc acetate, nickel acetate, tetramethoxytitanium, tetraethoxytitanium, tetrabutoxytitanium, tetraisopropoxytitanium, tetrapropoxyzirconium, tetra Alkoxy compounds such as butoxyzirconium, acetylacetonate complex compounds such as zinc acetylacetonate, nickel acetylacetonate, dibutoxytitanium acetylacetonate, titanium acetylacetonate, magnesium acetylacetonate, dibutoxytin acetylacetonate, dimethyltin oxide , tin compounds such as dibutyltin oxide, dibutyltin acetate, dibutyltin dilaurate, and chelate
- polymerization inhibitor From the viewpoint of inhibiting polymerization of the raw material ester and the amide group-containing monomer of the product, it is preferable to use a polymerization inhibitor.
- the polymerization inhibitor any known and commonly used polymerization inhibitor for polymer synthesis can be used without particular limitation.
- examples of polymerization inhibitors include benzoquinone, hydroquinone, catechol, diphenylbenzoquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether, naphthoquinone, t-butylcatechol, t-butylphenol, dimethyl-t-butylphenol, t-butylcresol, phenothiazine, etc. may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of polymerization inhibitor can be appropriately set depending on the reaction conditions and the like.
- the amount of the polymerization inhibitor may be generally 5 ppm or more, 10 ppm or more, 50 ppm or more, 100 ppm or more, or 300 ppm or more based on the polymerizable reaction raw material.
- the amount of the polymerization inhibitor may be 10,000 ppm or less, 5,000 ppm or less, 1,000 ppm or less, or 500 ppm or less based on the polymerizable reaction raw material.
- the transesterification reaction can be carried out in the absence of a solvent or in the presence of a suitable solvent that does not affect the reactants of the transesterification reaction.
- the temperature in the transesterification reaction can be appropriately set depending on the reaction raw materials, reaction solvent, etc. Generally, the higher the reaction temperature, the faster the reaction rate.
- the reaction temperature in the transesterification reaction may be 20°C or higher, 30°C or higher, 60°C or higher, or 80°C or higher.
- the reaction temperature in the transesterification reaction may be 180°C or lower, 160°C or lower, 140°C or lower, 120°C or lower, or 100°C or lower.
- the reaction time can be appropriately set depending on the reaction temperature, reaction raw materials, etc.
- the reaction time may be 15 minutes or more, 30 minutes or more, 1 hour or more, or 3 hours or more.
- the reaction time can be up to 48 hours, up to 24 hours, up to 12 hours, up to 6 hours, or up to 3 hours.
- An outline of the transesterification reaction process in the present disclosure is as follows. An amide group-containing alcohol and a raw material ester are charged in an appropriate ratio into a reactor (for example, a container equipped with a Dean-Stark tube). Then, if necessary, appropriate amounts of catalyst, polymerization inhibitor, and solvent are added to the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture is stirred and heated under a stream of air to a suitable temperature range, usually to the reflux temperature of the reaction system. While stirring the reaction mixture, in order to complete the reaction, the alcohol produced by the transesterification reaction during the reaction is often removed as an azeotrope with the excess raw material ester or reaction solvent using a fractionating tube.
- a reactor for example, a container equipped with a Dean-Stark tube.
- the same amount of starting ester or reaction solvent may be added into the reaction mixture to keep the amount of the contents of the reactor constant.
- the content of the desired product in the reaction mixture may be monitored by gas chromatography analysis or the like, and the reaction may be continued until the content of the desired product becomes 90% or more.
- the method for producing an amide group-containing monomer in the present disclosure may include a reduction step of reducing alkali metal elements, particularly Na, K, and Li, present as impurities in the amide group-containing alcohol before the transesterification reaction.
- the reduction step is not particularly limited, the amounts of Na, K, and Li present as impurities in the amide group-containing alcohol may be reduced by water washing or alkali adsorption treatment.
- the water washing or alkali adsorption treatment may be repeated as necessary until the total amount of alkali metal elements, particularly the total amount of Na, K and Li, falls within the above range. It is preferable to use pure water for washing, and for example, warm pure water may be used.
- the alkali adsorption treatment may be performed by bringing an amide group-containing alcohol solution into contact with the alkali adsorption carrier.
- As the alkali adsorption carrier various adsorption materials such as zeolite, metallosilicate, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, and activated carbon may be used.
- the specific surface area of the adsorbent is not particularly limited, it should be appropriately selected in full consideration of the above, and is preferably 50 m 2 /g to 800 m 2 /g.
- the method for producing an amide group-containing monomer in the present disclosure may include a step of purifying the amide group-containing monomer that is a transesterification product.
- the transesterification product may be purified by fractionation using a column.
- the amide group-containing polymer in the present disclosure has repeating units derived from the above-mentioned amide group-containing monomer.
- the amide group-containing polymer in the present disclosure may further have a repeating unit derived from at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbon monomer, a crosslinkable monomer, and a halogenated olefin. .
- the amide group-containing polymer in the present disclosure does not need to have a fluoroalkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, a perfluoroalkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, a perfluoroalkyl group, a fluoroalkyl group, or a fluorine atom.
- the hydrocarbon monomer has one ethylenically unsaturated double bond and a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms. However, the above-mentioned amide group-containing monomer is not included.
- the hydrocarbon monomer may have at least one hydrocarbon group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms.
- the hydrocarbon group is preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, especially a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, especially an alkyl group.
- the hydrocarbon group may be linear or branched, preferably linear.
- the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group may be 6 or more, 8 or more, 10 or more, 12 or more, 14 or more, 16 or more, or 18 or more, preferably 10 or more, more preferably 12 or more.
- the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group may be 40 or less, 35 or less, 30 or less, 25 or less, 20 or less, 15 or less, or 10 or less, preferably 30 or less, more preferably 25 or less.
- R 21 is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic group or a halogen atom
- Y 2 is a direct bond
- R' is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- R 22 is a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms
- j is 1-3.
- It may be a monomer represented by
- R 21 is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic group, or a halogen atom.
- monovalent organic groups include cyano groups, aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (eg, alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, etc.), and aromatic groups having 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
- halogen atoms include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and the like.
- R21 may be a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a methyl group, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted benzyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, such as a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom. , a cyano group, preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a chlorine atom, especially a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- Y 2 is a divalent group.
- Y 2 is not only a divalent hydrocarbon group.
- R 22 is independently a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms.
- R 22 is preferably a branched or long chain (or long chain linear) hydrocarbon group.
- the hydrocarbon group may be an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, particularly a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group (alkyl group).
- the number of carbon atoms in R22 may be 6 or more, 8 or more, 10 or more, 12 or more, 14 or more, 16 or more, or 18 or more, preferably 10 or more, more preferably 12 or more.
- the number of carbon atoms in R 11 may be 40 or less, 35 or less, 30 or less, 25 or less, 20 or less, 15 or less, or 10 or less, preferably 30 or less, more preferably 25 or less.
- One, two, or all of R 22 may have the above structure, and preferably at least one of R 22 has the above structure.
- j is 1 to 3 and may be 1 or 2, for example 1.
- hydrocarbon monomer examples include as follows.
- the compound of the following chemical formula is an acrylic compound having a hydrogen atom at the ⁇ position, but may also be a methacrylic compound having a methyl group at the ⁇ position and an ⁇ chloroacrylic compound having a chlorine atom at the ⁇ position.
- the hydrocarbon monomer may include a hydrocarbon monomer having an amide group, a urea group, or a urethane group. It may be a combination of a hydrocarbon monomer having an amide group, a urea group, or a urethane group and a hydrocarbon monomer having no amide group, urea group, or urethane group.
- m may be an integer from 1 to 6, in particular 2 or 4.
- the hydrocarbon monomer may be only a non-cyclic hydrocarbon group-containing monomer, but may also include a cyclic hydrocarbon group-containing monomer.
- the cyclic hydrocarbon group-containing monomer is a monomer having a cyclic hydrocarbon group, and may be a monomer having one ethylenically unsaturated double bond and a cyclic hydrocarbon group.
- the cyclic hydrocarbon group-containing monomer preferably has a (meth)acrylic group as an ethylenically unsaturated double bond, for example, a (meth)acrylate group or a (meth)acrylamide group as an ethylenically unsaturated double bond. It may have.
- the cyclic hydrocarbon group may be alicyclic or aromatic, and is preferably alicyclic.
- the cyclic hydrocarbon group may be saturated or unsaturated, preferably saturated.
- the cyclic hydrocarbon group may be a monocyclic group, a polycyclic group, or a bridged ring group, and a bridged ring group is preferred.
- the cyclic hydrocarbon group may have a chain group (for example, a linear or branched hydrocarbon group).
- the number of carbon atoms in the cyclic hydrocarbon group may be 4 or more, 6 or more, or 8 or more, and may be 30 or less, 26 or less, 22 or less, 18 or less, or 14 or less.
- cyclic hydrocarbon group examples include cyclohexyl group, t-butylcyclohexyl group, adamantyl group, 2-methyl-2-adamantyl group, 2-ethyl-2-adamantyl group, bornyl group, isobornyl group, norbornyl group, Cyclopentanyl group, dicyclopentenyl group, benzyl group, phenyl group, naphthyl group, 2-t-butylphenyl group, residues obtained by removing one or more hydrogen atoms from these groups (e.g., cyclohexylene group, adamane group) tyrene group, phenylene group, naphthylene group, etc.) and groups which are substituted products thereof.
- groups e.g., cyclohexylene group, adamane group
- cyclic hydrocarbon group-containing monomers include cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, t-butylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, benzyl (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate, dicyclopentanyl (meth)acrylate, Dicyclopentenyl (meth)acrylate, dicyclopentanyloxyethyl (meth)acrylate, tricyclopentanyl (meth)acrylate, adamantyl (meth)acrylate, 2-methyl-2-adamantyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethyl- Examples include 2-adamantyl (meth)acrylate and compounds in which these acrylates are substituted with acrylamide. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amide group-containing polymer may have repeating units derived from halogenated olefin monomers. It is preferable that the halogenated olefin monomer does not have a fluorine atom.
- the halogenated olefin monomer is preferably an olefin having 2 to 20 carbon atoms substituted with 1 to 10 chlorine, bromine, or iodine atoms.
- the halogenated olefin monomer is preferably a chlorinated olefin having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, particularly an olefin having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and having 1 to 5 chlorine atoms.
- halogenated olefin monomers are vinyl halides such as vinyl chloride, vinyl bromide, vinyl iodide, vinylidene halides such as vinylidene chloride, vinylidene bromide, vinylidene iodide.
- Vinyl chloride is preferred because it has high water repellency (especially durability of water repellency).
- the presence of repeating units derived from halogenated olefin monomers increases the washing durability provided by the amide group-containing polymer.
- the amide group-containing polymer may have repeating units derived from crosslinkable monomers.
- the crosslinkable monomer is a monomer capable of imparting crosslinking properties to a polymer, and has at least two selected from the group consisting of a reactive group and an olefinic carbon-carbon double bond. good.
- the crosslinking monomer may be a compound having at least two ethylenically unsaturated double bonds, or a compound having at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond and at least one reactive group.
- the crosslinkable monomer preferably has a (meth)acrylic group as an ethylenically unsaturated double bond, for example, a (meth)acrylate group or a (meth)acrylamide group as an ethylenically unsaturated double bond. It's okay.
- reactive groups include hydroxyl group, epoxy group, chloromethyl group, blocked isocyanate group, amino group, carboxyl group, carbonyl group, isocyanate group, and the like.
- crosslinkable monomers include diacetone (meth)acrylamide, N-methylol (meth)acrylamide, hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylamide, glycidyl (meth)acrylate, hydroxymethyl (meth)acrylate, and hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylamide.
- the amide group-containing polymer may contain repeating units derived from monomers other than the above-mentioned monomers.
- monomers include, for example, acrylonitrile, alkoxypolyalkylene glycol (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate, vinyl alkyl ether, and the like. Other monomers are not limited to these examples. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- composition, etc. of amide group-containing polymer The amount of repeating units derived from the amide group-containing monomer is 5% by weight or more, 15% by weight or more, 20% by weight or more, 25% by weight or more, 35% by weight or more, based on the amide group-containing polymer. It may be 45% by weight or more, 55% by weight or more, or 65% by weight or more.
- the amount of repeating units derived from the amide group-containing monomer is 98% by weight or less, 95% by weight or less, 90% by weight or less, 80% by weight or less, 70% by weight or less, or It may be 60% by weight or less.
- the amount of the repeating unit derived from the hydrocarbon monomer is 5% by weight or more, 15% by weight or more, 20% by weight or more, 25% by weight or more, 35% by weight or more, based on the amide group-containing polymer. It may be 45% by weight or more, 55% by weight or more, or 65% by weight or more.
- the amount of repeating units derived from hydrocarbon monomers is 98% by weight or less, 95% by weight or less, 90% by weight or less, 80% by weight or less, 70% by weight or less, or It may be 60% by weight or less.
- cyclic hydrocarbon group-containing monomers are 1% by weight or more, 3% by weight or more, 5% by weight or more, 10% by weight or more, 20% by weight or more, 30% by weight or more, 50% by weight or more It may be at least 75% by weight, or at least 75% by weight.
- the cyclic hydrocarbon group-containing monomer may be 80% by weight or less, 60% by weight or less, 40% by weight or less, or 20% by weight or less.
- the amount of repeating units derived from halogenated olefin monomers is 3% by weight or more, 5% by weight or more, 10% by weight or more, 15% by weight or more, or 20% by weight or more based on the amide group-containing polymer. , 25% by weight or more, or 35% by weight or more.
- the amount of the repeating unit derived from the halogenated olefin monomer is 80% by weight or less, 70% by weight or less, 60% by weight or less, 50% by weight or less, 40% by weight or less, based on the amide group-containing polymer. It may be 30% by weight or less, 20% by weight or less, or 10% by weight or less, preferably 60% by weight or less.
- the amount of the repeating unit derived from the cyclic hydrocarbon group-containing monomer is 0.5% by weight or more, 1% by weight or more, 3% by weight or more, or 4% by weight or more based on the amide group-containing polymer. It's good to be there.
- the amount of the repeating unit derived from the halogenated olefin monomer is 30% by weight or less, 20% by weight or less, 15% by weight or less, 10% by weight or less, 7.5% by weight based on the amide group-containing polymer. or less, or 5% by weight or less. It may be.
- the amount of repeating units derived from the crosslinkable monomer is 0.5% by weight or more, 1% by weight or more, 3% by weight or more, 5% by weight or more, 10% by weight or more based on the amide group-containing polymer. , or 20% by weight or more.
- the amount of the repeating unit derived from the crosslinkable monomer is 70% by weight or less, 60% by weight or less, 50% by weight or less, 40% by weight or less, 30% by weight or less, or It may be 20% by weight or less.
- the weight average molecular weight of the amide group-containing polymer may be 500 or more, 1000 or more, 2500 or more, 5000 or more, 10000 or more, 25000 or more, or 50000 or more, and preferably 5000 or more.
- the weight average molecular weight of the amide group-containing polymer may be 1,000,000 or less, 500,000 or less, 250,000 or less, 100,000 or less, 50,000 or less, 25,000 or less, or 10,000 or less, and 100,000 or less is preferable.
- the amount of repeating units derived from other monomers is 0.5% by weight or more, 1% by weight or more, 3% by weight or more, 5% by weight or more, 10% by weight or more, based on the amide group-containing polymer. Or it may be 20% by weight or more.
- the amount of repeating units derived from other monomers is 70% by weight or less, 60% by weight or less, 50% by weight or less, 40% by weight or less, 30% by weight or less, or 20% by weight or less, based on the amide group-containing polymer. It may be less than % by weight.
- the method for producing an amide group-containing polymer in the present disclosure includes a polymerization step of polymerizing the above-mentioned amide group-containing monomer.
- at least one monomer other than the amide group-containing monomer such as a hydrocarbon monomer, a crosslinkable monomer, and a halogenated olefin, may be further polymerized.
- the monomer charging ratio can be changed depending on the composition of the desired amide group-containing polymer, and may be the same monomer charging ratio as the composition of the desired amide group-containing polymer.
- the amide group-containing polymer can be produced by any conventional polymerization method, and the conditions for the polymerization reaction can also be selected arbitrarily.
- Examples of such polymerization methods include solution polymerization, suspension polymerization, and emulsion polymerization.
- solution polymerization a method is adopted in which the monomer is dissolved in an organic solvent in the presence of a polymerization initiator, and after nitrogen substitution, the solution is heated and stirred at a temperature in the range of 0 to 180°C, for example, 30 to 120°C, for 1 to 10 hours.
- the polymerization initiator include azobisisobutyronitrile, benzoyl peroxide, di-t-butyl peroxide, lauryl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, t-butyl peroxypivalate, diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, and the like. Can be mentioned.
- the polymerization initiator is used in an amount of 0.01 to 20 parts by weight, for example 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer.
- Organic solvents are inert to the monomers and dissolve them, such as esters (for example, esters having 2 to 40 carbon atoms, specifically ethyl acetate, butyl acetate), ketones (for example, carbon It may be a ketone having 2 to 40 carbon atoms, specifically methyl ethyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone), or an alcohol (for example, an alcohol having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, specifically ethanol, butanol, isopropyl alcohol). .
- esters for example, esters having 2 to 40 carbon atoms, specifically ethyl acetate, butyl acetate
- ketones for example, carbon It may be a ketone having 2 to 40 carbon atoms, specifically methyl ethyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone
- an alcohol for example, an alcohol having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, specifically
- organic solvents include acetone, chloroform, HCHC225, isopropyl alcohol, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, petroleum ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate.
- the organic solvent is used in an amount of 10 to 3,000 parts by weight, for example, 50 to 2,000 parts by weight, based on a total of 100 parts by weight of the monomers.
- emulsion polymerization a method is adopted in which monomers are emulsified in water in the presence of a polymerization initiator and an emulsifier, and after nitrogen substitution, polymerization is carried out by stirring at a temperature in the range of 50 to 80°C for 1 to 20 hours.
- the polymerization initiator is a water-soluble initiator such as 1-hydroxycyclohexyl hydroperoxide, 3-carboxypropionyl peroxide, acetyl peroxide, azobisisobutyramidine dihydrochloride, sodium peroxide, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, etc.
- Oil-soluble substances such as azobisisobutyronitrile, benzoyl peroxide, di-t-butyl peroxide, lauryl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, t-butyl peroxypivalate, diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, etc. used.
- the polymerization initiator is used in an amount of 0.01 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer.
- emulsifying device that can apply strong crushing energy, such as a high-pressure homogenizer or an ultrasonic homogenizer.
- strong crushing energy such as a high-pressure homogenizer or an ultrasonic homogenizer.
- various anionic, cationic, or nonionic emulsifiers can be used as the emulsifier, and are used in an amount of 0.5 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer. Preference is given to using anionic and/or nonionic and/or cationic emulsifiers.
- a compatibilizing agent such as a water-soluble organic solvent or a low molecular weight monomer to make these monomers sufficiently compatible.
- a compatibilizer it is possible to improve emulsifying properties and copolymerizability.
- the polymerization medium may be water, an organic solvent, or a mixed solvent of water and an organic solvent.
- the polymerization medium include water, esters (for example, esters having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, specifically, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate), ketones (for example, ketones having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, specifically, (methyl ethyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone), alcohol (for example, alcohol having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, specifically isopropyl alcohol), ether, alkane, toluene-based solvent, halogenated carbon, etc.
- solvents include acetone, isopropyl alcohol, chloroform, HCHC225, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, petroleum ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone.
- diisobutyl ketone diisobutyl ketone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, perchlorethylene, tetrachlorodifluoroethane, trichlorotrifluoroethane, and mixed solvents thereof, etc. Can be mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the polymerization medium may also contain a water-soluble organic solvent.
- water-soluble organic solvents include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetate, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, and ethanol. Parts by weight may be used, for example in the range of 10 to 40 parts by weight.
- examples of low molecular weight monomers include methyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate, etc., and 1 to 50 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total amount of monomers, For example, it may be used in a range of 10 to 40 parts by weight.
- a chain transfer agent may be used in the polymerization.
- the molecular weight of the polymer can be changed depending on the amount of chain transfer agent used.
- chain transfer agents include mercaptan group-containing compounds such as lauryl mercaptan, thioglycol, and thioglycerol (particularly alkyl mercaptans (for example, having 1 to 40 carbon atoms)), and inorganic salts such as sodium hypophosphite and sodium hydrogen sulfite. etc.
- the amount of the chain transfer agent used may be in the range of 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, for example 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total amount of monomers.
- the dispersion liquid (preferably an aqueous dispersion liquid) in the present disclosure contains at least an amide group-containing polymer obtained by polymerizing the above-mentioned amide group-containing monomer. Furthermore, it may contain at least one of the components described below.
- the dispersion in the present disclosure can be used as a water repellent composition or an oil repellent composition, and examples of specific uses include external treatment agents (surface treatment agents), internal treatment agents, and oil repellent compositions. (water repellent, oil repellent, or water/oil repellent), antifouling agent, stain release agent, release agent, mold release agent (external mold release agent or internal mold release agent), and the like.
- the amount of the amide group-containing polymer is 0.01% by weight or more, 0.5% by weight or more, 1% by weight or more, 3% by weight or more, 5% by weight or more, 10% by weight or more, 20% by weight or more, based on the dispersion. It may be at least 30% by weight, and at least 30% by weight.
- the amount of the amide group-containing polymer is 60% by weight or less, 50% by weight or less, 40% by weight or less, 30% by weight or less, 20% by weight or less, 10% by weight or less, 5% by weight or less, based on the dispersion. Or it may be 3% by weight or less.
- the dispersion according to the present disclosure has improved product stability, it may be possible to supply a highly concentrated product, which has conventionally had a problem in supply from the viewpoint of stability.
- the dispersion may also include a hydrocarbon polyurethane. It may be a polyurethane having a hydrocarbon group having 5 to 40 carbon atoms.
- the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group having 5 to 40 carbon atoms may be 6 or more, 8 or more, 10 or more, 12 or more, 14 or more, 16 or more, or 18 or more, preferably 10 or more, more preferably 12 or more. be.
- the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group having 5 to 40 carbon atoms may be 40 or less, 35 or less, 30 or less, 25 or less, 20 or less, 15 or less, or 10 or less, preferably 30 or less, more preferably 25 or less. be.
- a hydrocarbon polyurethane having a hydrocarbon group having 5 to 40 carbon atoms is a compound containing an isocyanate group (for example, monoisocyanate or polyisocyanate, specifically, diisocyanate) and an active compound having a hydrocarbon group having 5 to 40 carbon atoms. It can be produced by reacting hydrogen-containing compounds. The reaction can be carried out, for example, at 80° C. for 1 hour or more.
- the isocyanate group-containing compound is not particularly limited, but for example, an aliphatic polyisocyanate compound, an alicyclic polyisocyanate compound, an aromatic polyisocyanate compound, an araliphatic polyisocyanate compound, or a modified product of these isocyanate compounds is used. be able to. Moreover, you may use these in combination of 2 or more types.
- the isocyanate group-containing compound is preferably an aliphatic polyisocyanate compound, an aromatic polyisocyanate compound, or a modified product of these isocyanate compounds.
- the isocyanate group-containing compound is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include aliphatic polyisocyanates, alicyclic polyisocyanates, aromatic polyisocyanates, and modified polyisocyanates such as dimers and trimers thereof.
- Commercially available products such as "DESMODUR N-100” (manufactured by Bayer, trade name), "Duranate THA-100” (manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation, trade name), "Duranate 24A-100” (manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation, trade name) can be used.
- aliphatic polyisocyanate compounds include tetramethylene diisocyanate, dodecamethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate, 2- Methylpentane-1,5-diisocyanate, 3-methylpentane-1,5-diisocyanate, etc. can be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- HDI hexamethylene diisocyanate
- 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate
- lysine diisocyanate 2- Methylpentane-1,5-diisocyanate
- 3-methylpentane-1,5-diisocyanate etc.
- alicyclic polyisocyanate compounds include isophorone diisocyanate, hydrogenated xylylene diisocyanate, 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, methylcyclohexylene diisocyanate, 1,3-bis(isocyanatemethyl)cyclohexane, etc. can be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Aromatic polyisocyanate compounds include dialkyldiphenylmethane diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, 2,2'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (monomeric MDI), polymethylene polyphenyl poly Isocyanate (polymeric MDI), 4,4'-dibenzyl diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, 1,3-phenylene diisocyanate, 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, etc. can be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- aromatic aliphatic polyisocyanate compound xylylene diisocyanate, tetraalkyldiphenylmethane diisocyanate, ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ -tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, etc. can be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- modified polyisocyanate compounds isocyanurate modified products, biuret modified products, adduct modified products, carbodiimide modified products, bifunctional modified products, etc. can be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- active hydrogen-containing compounds having a hydrocarbon group having 5 to 40 carbon atoms include active hydrogen-containing compounds such as hydrocarbon group-containing monoalcohols and hydrocarbon group-containing monocarboxylic acids (monohydric alcohol derivatives or monohydric carboxylic acid derivatives). ); Examples include active hydrogen-containing compounds (polyhydric alcohol derivatives or polyhydric carboxylic acid derivatives) in which a hydrocarbon group having 5 to 40 carbon atoms is introduced into a polyhydric alcohol or polycarboxylic acid such as sorbitan, citrate, and pentaerythritol. It will be done.
- the active hydrogen-containing compound having a hydrocarbon group having 5 to 40 carbon atoms has at least one (eg, one, two, or three) active hydrogen.
- Preferred examples of active hydrogen-containing compounds having a hydrocarbon group having 5 to 40 carbon atoms include polyhydric alcohol derivatives or polyhydric carboxylic acid derivatives of sorbitan (1a), citrate (1b), and pentaerythritol (1c) of the following formulas.
- each R is independently -H, -R 1 , -C(O)R 1 , -(CH 2 CH 2 O) n (CH(CH 3 )CH 2 O) m R 2 , or -(CH 2 CH 2 O) n (CH(CH 3 )CH 2 O) m C(O)R 1 , Each n is independently from 0 to 20, Each m is independently from 0 to 20, m+n is greater than 0, Each R 1 is independently a hydrocarbon group having from 5 to 40 carbon atoms, optionally containing at least one unsaturated bond; Each R 2 is independently -H or a hydrocarbon group having from 5 to 40 carbon atoms optionally containing at least one unsaturated bond; Each R 3 is independently -H, -R 1 , -C(O)R 1 , -(CH 2 CH 2 O) n' (CH(CH 3 )CH 2 O) m' R 2 , or -(CH 2 CH 2 O) n'
- the active hydrogen-containing compound having a hydrocarbon group having 5 to 40 carbon atoms include sorbitan monocarboxylate, sorbitan dicarboxylate, sorbitan tricarboxylate, monoalkyl citrate, dialkyl citrate, trialkyl citrate, and pentyl citrate. These are erythritol monocarboxylate, pentaerythritol dicarboxylate, and pentaerythritol tricarboxylate.
- the carboxylate is a stearate or behenate.
- the hydrocarbon group is alkyl, and preferred examples of alkyl are stearyl or behenyl.
- the hydrocarbon polyurethane may be a dendritic polymer compound (dendrimer) having a radial structure and regular branching from the center.
- the polyurethane obtained by the above reaction can be a dendritic polymer compound (dendrimer).
- the amount of hydrocarbon polyurethane is 0.01% by weight or more, 0.5% by weight or more, 1% by weight or more, 3% by weight or more, 5% by weight or more, 10% by weight or more, 20% by weight based on the dispersion. % or more, and may be 30% or more by weight.
- the amount of hydrocarbon polyurethane is 60% by weight or less, 50% by weight or less, 40% by weight or less, 30% by weight or less, 20% by weight or less, 10% by weight or less, 5% by weight or less, or It may be 3% by weight or less.
- hydrocarbon water-repellent resins The hydrocarbon water-repellent resin contained in the dispersion in the present disclosure is not limited to an amide group-containing polymer or a hydrocarbon polyurethane.
- Other hydrocarbon water-repellent resins can be used in place of or in addition to the hydrocarbon acrylic polymer or hydrocarbon polyurethane.
- examples of other hydrocarbon-based water-repellent resins include dendrimer-based resins having hydrocarbon groups at the ends.
- the dendrimer resin include the RUCO-DRY series manufactured by Rudolph (for example, RUCO-DRY DHE, RUCO-DRY ECO, and RUCO-DRY ECO PLUS).
- the dispersion liquid in the present disclosure may contain silicone separately from the amide group-containing polymer. By containing silicone, water repellency, oil resistance, and storage stability can be achieved favorably.
- each of R 51 independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms
- Each of R 53 is independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, or a saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms.
- a represents an integer of 0 or more
- b represents an integer of 1 or more
- (a+b) is from 5 to 200.
- It may be a polymer represented by
- R 51 and R 53 the alkyl group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms and the aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms may be unsubstituted or substituted.
- R 51 and R 53 include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, nonyl group, decyl group, dodecyl group, tetradecyl group, hexadecyl group, octadecyl group.
- R 51 and R 53 are preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group.
- the alkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms may be linear or branched. Examples of alkoxy groups having 1 to 40 carbon atoms are methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, and butoxy groups.
- the silicone may have at least one long chain hydrocarbon group.
- at least one of R 51 , at least one of R 53 , or at least one of each of R 51 and R 53 in formula (S1) may be a long-chain hydrocarbon group, and at least one of R 51 ( For example one) may be a long chain hydrocarbon group.
- the long chain hydrocarbon group may be a saturated hydrocarbon group of 6 or more, 10 or more, 15 or more, or 20 or more, preferably 10 or more or 23 or more.
- the hydrocarbon group may be linear or branched, and is preferably an alkyl group.
- hydrocarbon groups include hexyl group (6 carbon atoms), octyl group (8 carbon atoms), lauryl group (12 carbon atoms), myristyl group (14 carbon atoms), stearyl group (18 carbon atoms), and behenyl group. (22 carbon atoms), tricosyl group (23 carbon atoms), lignoceryl group (tetracosyl group, 24 carbon atoms), serotyl group (hexacosyl group, 26 carbon atoms), montyl group (octacosyl group, 28 carbon atoms), melicyl group ( triacontane group, carbon number 30), and dotriacontane group (carbon number 32).
- R 51 and R 53 other than R 51 and R 53 which are long-chain hydrocarbon groups, are preferably hydrogen atoms or methyl groups in terms of easy industrial production and availability; It is more preferable that there be.
- a is an integer greater than or equal to 0. In terms of easy industrial production and availability, a may be 40 or less, 30 or less, or 20 or less, and is preferably 30 or less.
- the total of a and b is 5 to 200.
- the sum of a and b is preferably from 10 to 100, more preferably from 40 to 60, from the standpoint of being easy to industrially produce, easily available, and easy to handle.
- a may be from 0 to 150, for example from 1 to 100.
- the lower limit of b may be 1 or 2 or 3, and the upper limit of b may be 150, 10 or 5.
- a plurality of R 51 and R 52 may be the same or different.
- R 51 and R 53 groups are a methyl group.
- the order of existence of the repeating units bracketed by a or b is not limited to the order of existence expressed in the chemical formula, but is arbitrary. That is, silicone may be a random polymer or a block polymer.
- silicone has the formula: (R 53 ) 3 Si-O-[-Si(R 51 ) 2 -O-] a -[-Si(R 51 )(R 52 )-O-] b -Si(R 53 ) 3 (S2) [In the formula, each of R 51 independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, or a long-chain hydrocarbon group.
- R 52 independently represents a long chain hydrocarbon group
- Each of R 53 independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, or a long-chain hydrocarbon group
- a represents an integer of 0 or more
- b represents an integer of 1 or more
- (a+b) is from 5 to 200.
- It may be a polymer represented by In formula (S2), R 51 and R 53 may have an alkyl group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms or an unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms (for example, a hydrocarbon group having an aromatic ring). However, it is preferable not to have these groups.
- silicones are: [In the formula, a represents an integer from 0 to 150, b represents an integer from 1 to 150, (a+b) is 5 to 200, n is an integer from 1 to 36 (preferably n is a long-chain hydrocarbon group). ]
- Silicone can be synthesized by conventionally known methods. Silicone can be obtained, for example, by subjecting silicone having a SiH group to a hydrosilylation reaction with an ⁇ -olefin.
- silicone having a SiH group examples include methyl hydrogen silicone having a degree of polymerization of 10 to 200, or a copolymer of dimethyl siloxane and methyl hydrogen siloxane.
- methyl hydrogen silicone is preferred because it is easy to produce industrially and is easily available.
- Hydrogen silicone (for example, methyl hydrogen silicone) is a polydiorganosiloxane in which part of the side chain is replaced with hydrogen, and the hydrogen atom is directly bonded to a silicon atom.
- a catalyst may be used to improve reactivity. For example, catalysts based on zinc, tin, manganese, cobalt, iron and amines can be used.
- These catalysts are preferably organic acid metal salts, and the organic acids are preferably fatty acids. From the viewpoint of safety, zinc stearate and the like can be used. It is preferable to use the catalyst in an amount of 10 to 40% based on the methyl hydrogen silicone because the effect is more likely to be exhibited.
- Two or more types of amino-modified silicone, epoxy-modified silicone, carboxy-modified silicone, and methyl hydrogen silicone may be mixed. All of them are silicones that have reactive groups, and are preferably silicones that have film-forming properties. Film-forming property refers to the ability to form a solid film, rather than an oil-like or gel-like film, after each silicone is attached to the fiber surface in an emulsion state.
- ⁇ -olefins are compounds from which long-chain hydrocarbon groups are derived in silicones. Specific examples of ⁇ -olefins are 1-tricosene, 1-tetracosene, 1-hexacosene, 1-octacosene, 1-triacontene, and 1-dotriacontene.
- the hydrosilylation reaction may be carried out by reacting the above SiH group-containing silicone with an ⁇ -olefin stepwise or all at once in the presence of a catalyst if necessary.
- the amounts of the SiH group-containing silicone and ⁇ -olefin used in the hydrosilylation reaction can be appropriately selected depending on the SiH group equivalent or number average molecular weight of the SiH group-containing silicone.
- Examples of the catalyst used in the hydrosilylation reaction include compounds such as platinum and palladium, with platinum compounds being preferred.
- platinum compound include platinum (IV) chloride.
- the reaction conditions for the hydrosilylation reaction are not particularly limited and can be adjusted as appropriate.
- the reaction temperature is, for example, 10 to 200°C, preferably 50 to 150°C.
- the reaction time can be, for example, 3 to 12 hours when the reaction temperature is 50 to 150°C.
- the hydrosilylation reaction is preferably carried out under an inert gas atmosphere. Examples of the inert gas include nitrogen, argon, and the like.
- a solvent may also be used. Examples of the solvent include dioxane, methyl isobutyl ketone, toluene, xylene, and butyl acetate.
- the silicone may include reactive silicones.
- reactive silicones include polysiloxanes having reactive groups in the side chain, one end, both ends, or both the side chain and both ends. And/or it may be a polysiloxane having reactive groups at both ends.
- the reactive silicone is not particularly limited as long as it has a reactive group in its molecule, and examples thereof include amino-modified silicone, epoxy-modified silicone, carboxy-modified silicone, hydrogen-modified silicone, and the like.
- the reactive silicone may be one in which one or more substituents in the above formula (S1) or formula (S2) are substituted with a reactive group.
- Examples of amino-modified silicones include those having a structure in which an amino group is bonded to an organic group directly bonded to a silicon atom.
- the organic group may be either an alkylene group or a divalent aromatic group.
- the alkylene group preferably has 2 or more carbon atoms.
- the divalent aromatic group preferably has 6 or more carbon atoms.
- the amino group may be a primary amino group, a secondary amino group, or a tertiary amino group. Examples of the organic group to which an amino group is bonded include the following.
- 2-aminoethyl group N-methyl-2-aminoethyl group, N,N-dimethyl-2-aminoethyl group, N-ethyl-2-aminoethyl group, N,N-diethyl-2-aminoethyl group, N,N-methylethyl-2-aminoethyl group, 3-aminopropyl group, N-methyl-3-aminopropyl group, N,N-dimethyl-3-aminopropyl group, N-ethyl-3-anopropyl group, N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyl group, N,N-methylethyl-3-aminopropyl group.
- These functional groups may be located on the side chains of the polysiloxane or may be located at the ends.
- Examples of epoxy-modified silicones include those having a structure in which an epoxy group is bonded to an organic group directly bonded to a silicon atom.
- the organic group may be either an alkylene group or a divalent aromatic group. Such a bond is usually in the form of a glycidyl ether with the organic group.
- Examples of such functional groups include 3-glycidoxypropyl group and 2-glycidoxyethyl group. These functional groups may be located on the side chains of the polysiloxane or may be located at the ends.
- Examples of carboxy-modified silicones include those having a structure in which a carboxy group is bonded to an organic group directly bonded to a silicon atom.
- the organic group may be either an alkylene group or a divalent aromatic group.
- the alkylene group preferably has 2 or more carbon atoms.
- the divalent aromatic group preferably has 6 or more carbon atoms.
- Examples of such functional groups include 3-carboxypropyl group and 2-carboxyethyl group. These functional groups may be located on the side chains of the polysiloxane or may be located at the ends.
- the amount of silicone is 0.1 parts by weight or more, 1 part by weight or more, 3 parts by weight or more, 5 parts by weight or more, 10 parts by weight or more, 15 parts by weight or more, or It may be 20 parts by weight or more.
- the amount of silicone is 50 parts by weight or less, 40 parts by weight or less, 30 parts by weight or less, 20 parts by weight or less, 10 parts by weight or less, or 5 parts by weight or less, based on 100 parts by weight of the amide group-containing polymer. good.
- the dispersion liquid in the present disclosure may contain a wax apart from the amide group-containing polymer. By including wax, it can have good water repellency, oil resistance, and storage stability.
- the dispersion liquid in the present disclosure may contain both silicone and wax, or may contain only either silicone or wax.
- wax examples include paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, Fischer-Tropsch wax, polyolefin wax (polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax, etc.), oxidized polyolefin wax, animal and vegetable wax, and mineral wax. Paraffin wax is preferred.
- compounds constituting the wax include normal alkanes (e.g., tricosane, tetracosane, pentacosane, hexacosane, heptacosane, octacosane, nonacosane, triacontane, hentriacontane, dotriacontane, tritriacontane, tetratriacontane, pentatriacontane) Contane, hexatriacontane), normal alkenes (e.g., tricosane, tetracosane, pentacosane, hexacosane, heptacosane, octacosane, nonacosane, triacontane, hentriacontane, dotriacontane, tritriacontane, tetratriacont
- the number of carbon atoms in the compound constituting the wax is preferably 20 to 60, for example 25 to 45.
- the molecular weight of the wax may be from 200 to 2000, for example from 250 to 1500, from 300 to 1000. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the melting point of the wax may be 50°C or higher, 55°C or higher, 60°C or higher, 65°C or higher, or 70°C or higher, preferably 55°C or higher, more preferably 60°C or higher.
- the melting point of wax is measured in accordance with JIS K 2235-1991.
- the amount of wax is 0.1 parts by weight or more, 1 part by weight or more, 3 parts by weight or more, 5 parts by weight or more, 10 parts by weight or more, 15 parts by weight or more, or It may be 20 parts by weight or more.
- the amount of wax may be 50 parts by weight or less, 40 parts by weight or less, 30 parts by weight or less, 20 parts by weight or less, 10 parts by weight or less, 5 parts by weight or less, based on 100 parts by weight of the amide group-containing polymer. .
- the dispersion includes a liquid medium.
- the dispersion is an aqueous dispersion containing water as a liquid medium.
- the liquid medium is water, an organic solvent, or a mixture of water and an organic solvent.
- it is a mixture of water and an organic solvent.
- organic solvents examples include esters (for example, esters having 2 to 40 carbon atoms, specifically ethyl acetate, butyl acetate), ketones (for example, ketones having 2 to 40 carbon atoms, specifically methyl ethyl ketone, diisobutyl ketones), alcohols (for example, alcohols having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, specifically isopropyl alcohol), aromatic solvents (for example, toluene and xylene), petroleum solvents (for example, alkanes having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, Specifically, naphtha, kerosene).
- the organic solvent is a water-soluble organic solvent.
- the water-soluble organic solvent may contain a compound having at least one hydroxy group (e.g., alcohol, polyhydric alcohol such as glycol solvent, ether form (e.g. monoether form) of polyhydric alcohol, etc.). . These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a compound having at least one hydroxy group e.g., alcohol, polyhydric alcohol such as glycol solvent, ether form (e.g. monoether form) of polyhydric alcohol, etc.
- ether form e.g. monoether form of polyhydric alcohol, etc.
- the amount of the liquid medium is 40% by weight or more, 50% by weight or more, 60% by weight or more, 70% by weight or more, 80% by weight or more, 90% by weight or more, 95% by weight or more, or 97% by weight with respect to the dispersion. % or more.
- the amount of the liquid medium is 99.9% by weight or less, 99% by weight or less, 95% by weight or less, 90% by weight or less, 80% by weight or less, 70% by weight or less, 60% by weight or less, or It may be 50% by weight or less.
- the amount of organic solvent is 0.5% by weight or more, 1% by weight or more, 2% by weight or more, 3% by weight or more, 5% by weight or more, 7.5% by weight or more, 10% by weight or more based on the dispersion liquid. , 12.5% by weight or more, 15% by weight or more, or 20% by weight or more.
- the amount of organic solvent is 75% by weight or less, 50% by weight or less, 40% by weight or less, 30% by weight or less, 25% by weight or less, 20% by weight or less, 15% by weight or less, 10% by weight based on the dispersion. or less, or 5% by weight or less.
- the amount of the organic solvent is 1% by weight or more, 3% by weight or more, 5% by weight or more, 10% by weight or more, 20% by weight or more, 30% by weight or more, or 40% by weight or more, based on the liquid medium. good.
- the amount of organic solvent is 55% by weight or less, 45% by weight or less, 35% by weight or less, 25% by weight or less, 15% by weight or less, 12.5% by weight or less, 7.5% by weight or less based on the liquid medium. , or 5.0% by weight or less.
- the amount of the organic solvent is 1 part by weight or more, 3 parts by weight or more, 5 parts by weight or more, 10 parts by weight or more, 20 parts by weight or more, 30 parts by weight or more, 40 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the amide group-containing polymer. part or more, or 50 parts or more by weight.
- the amount of the organic solvent is 200 parts by weight or less, 175 parts by weight or less, 150 parts by weight or less, 125 parts by weight or less, 100 parts by weight or less, 80 parts by weight or less, 60 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the amide group-containing polymer. parts by weight or less, 40 parts by weight or less, 20 parts by weight or less, or 10 parts by weight or less.
- the amount of organic solvent is 0.5 parts by weight or more, 1 part by weight or more, 1.5 parts by weight or more, 3 parts by weight or more, 5 parts by weight or more, 10 parts by weight or more, 15 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of water. parts by weight or more, 20 parts by weight or more, 30 parts by weight or more, or 40 parts by weight or more.
- the amount of organic solvent may be 100 parts by weight or less, 75 parts by weight or less, 50 parts by weight or less, 25 parts by weight or less, 10 parts by weight or less, or 5 parts by weight or less, based on 100 parts by weight of water.
- the dispersion may also contain an organic acid.
- organic acid known organic acids can be used.
- Preferred examples of the organic acid include carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, and sulfinic acid, with carboxylic acid being particularly preferred.
- carboxylic acid include formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, malic acid, citric acid, etc., with formic acid or acetic acid being particularly preferred.
- one type of organic acid may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- formic acid and acetic acid may be used in combination.
- the amount of the organic acid is 0.1 parts by weight or more, 1 part by weight or more, 3 parts by weight or more, 5 parts by weight or more, 10 parts by weight or more, 15 parts by weight or more, based on 100 parts by weight of the amide group-containing polymer. Or it may be 20 parts by weight or more.
- the amount of the organic acid is 50 parts by weight or less, 40 parts by weight or less, 30 parts by weight or less, 20 parts by weight or less, 10 parts by weight or less, or 5 parts by weight or less, based on 100 parts by weight of the amide group-containing polymer. It's fine.
- the amount of organic acid may be adjusted so that the pH of the dispersion is 3-10, for example 5-9, especially 6-8.
- the dispersion may be acidic (pH 7 or less, for example 6 or less).
- the dispersion liquid contains a surfactant.
- the surfactant may include a nonionic surfactant.
- a surfactant By including a surfactant, water repellency, oil resistance, and storage stability can be satisfactorily combined.
- the surfactant may include one or more surfactants selected from cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants. It is preferable to use a combination of a nonionic surfactant and a cationic surfactant.
- Nonionic surfactant examples include ethers, esters, ester ethers, alkanolamides, polyhydric alcohols, and amine oxides.
- An example of an ether is a compound having an oxyalkylene group (preferably a polyoxyethylene group).
- esters are esters of alcohols and fatty acids.
- alcohols are monovalent to hexavalent (especially divalent to pentavalent) alcohols having 1 to 50 carbon atoms (especially 10 to 30 carbon atoms) (eg, aliphatic alcohols).
- fatty acids are saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having 2 to 50 carbon atoms, especially 5 to 30 carbon atoms.
- an ester ether is a compound obtained by adding alkylene oxide (especially ethylene oxide) to an ester of alcohol and fatty acid.
- alkylene oxide especially ethylene oxide
- examples of alcohols are monovalent to hexavalent (especially divalent to pentavalent) alcohols having 1 to 50 carbon atoms (especially 3 to 30 carbon atoms) (eg, aliphatic alcohols).
- Examples of fatty acids are saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having 2 to 50 carbon atoms, especially 5 to 30 carbon atoms.
- alkanolamides are formed from fatty acids and alkanolamines.
- the alkanolamide may be a monoalkanolamide or a dialkanolamide.
- fatty acids are saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having 2 to 50 carbon atoms, especially 5 to 30 carbon atoms.
- the alkanolamines may be alkanols having 2 to 50, especially 5 to 30 carbon atoms and having 1 to 3 amino groups and 1 to 5 hydroxyl groups.
- the polyhydric alcohol may be a divalent to pentavalent alcohol having 10 to 30 carbon atoms.
- the amine oxide may be an oxide (eg, having 5 to 50 carbon atoms) of an amine (secondary amine or preferably tertiary amine).
- the nonionic surfactant is preferably a nonionic surfactant having an oxyalkylene group (preferably a polyoxyethylene group).
- the alkylene group in the oxyalkylene group preferably has 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the number of oxyalkylene groups in the nonionic surfactant molecule is generally preferably from 2 to 100.
- the nonionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of ethers, esters, ester ethers, alkanolamides, polyhydric alcohols, and amine oxides, and is preferably a nonionic surfactant having an oxyalkylene group.
- Nonionic surfactants include alkylene oxide adducts of linear and/or branched aliphatic (saturated and/or unsaturated) groups, linear and/or branched fatty acids (saturated and/or unsaturated) polyalkylene glycol esters, polyoxyethylene (POE)/polyoxypropylene (POP) copolymers (random copolymers or block copolymers), alkylene oxide adducts of acetylene glycol, and the like.
- POE polyoxyethylene
- POP polyoxypropylene
- the structure of the alkylene oxide addition part and polyalkylene glycol part is polyoxyethylene (POE), polyoxypropylene (POP), or POE/POP copolymer (even if it is a random copolymer or a block copolymer). ) is preferred.
- the nonionic surfactant preferably has a structure that does not contain an aromatic group due to environmental issues (biodegradability, endocrine disruptors, etc.).
- Nonionic surfactants have the formula: R 1 O-(CH 2 CH 2 O) p -(R 2 O) q - R 3
- R 1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 22 carbon atoms, or an acyl group
- Each of R 2 is independently the same or different and is an alkylene group having 3 or more carbon atoms (for example, 3 to 10)
- R 3 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 22 carbon atoms
- p is a number of 2 or more
- q is 0 or a number of 1 or more.
- It may be a compound represented by
- R 1 preferably has 8 to 20 carbon atoms, particularly 10 to 18 carbon atoms. Preferred specific examples of R 1 include lauryl group, tridecyl group, and oleyl group.
- R 2 are propylene and butylene.
- p may be a number greater than or equal to 3 (eg, 5 to 200).
- q may be a number greater than or equal to 2 (eg, 5 to 200). That is, -(R 2 O) q - may form a polyoxyalkylene chain.
- the nonionic surfactant may be a polyoxyethylene alkylene alkyl ether containing a hydrophilic polyoxyethylene chain and a hydrophobic oxyalkylene chain (particularly a polyoxyalkylene chain) in the center.
- a hydrophilic polyoxyethylene chain and a hydrophobic oxyalkylene chain (particularly a polyoxyalkylene chain) in the center.
- the hydrophobic oxyalkylene chain include an oxypropylene chain, an oxybutylene chain, a styrene chain, and among them, an oxypropylene chain is preferred.
- nonionic surfactants include ethylene oxide and hexylphenol, isooctatylphenol, hexadecanol, oleic acid, alkane (C 12 -C 16 ) thiols, sorbitan monofatty acids (C 7 -C 19 ) or alkyls. (C 12 -C 18 )condensation products with amines and the like are included.
- the proportion of polyoxyethylene blocks can be from 5 to 80% by weight, for example from 30 to 75% by weight, in particular from 40 to 70% by weight, based on the molecular weight of the nonionic surfactant (copolymer).
- the average molecular weight of the nonionic surfactant is generally from 300 to 5,000, for example from 500 to 3,000.
- the nonionic surfactant may be a mixture of a compound with an HLB (hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance) of less than 15 (especially 5 or less) and a compound with an HLB of 15 or more.
- An example of a compound with an HLB of less than 15 is sorbitan fatty acid ester.
- An example of a compound having an HLB of 15 or more is polyoxyethylene alkyl ether.
- the weight ratio of the compound with an HLB of less than 15 to the compound with an HLB of 15 or more may be from 90:10 to 20:80, for example from 85:15 to 55:45.
- the nonionic surfactant may be used alone or in a mixture of two or more.
- the cationic surfactant is preferably a compound that does not have an amide group.
- the cationic surfactant may be an amine salt, a quaternary ammonium salt, or an oxyethylene addition type ammonium salt.
- cationic surfactants include, but are not limited to, alkylamine salts, aminoalcohol fatty acid derivatives, polyamine fatty acid derivatives, amine salt type surfactants such as imidazoline, alkyltrimethylammonium salts, dialkyldimethylammonium salts, Examples include quaternary ammonium salt type surfactants such as alkyldimethylbenzylammonium salts, pyridinium salts, alkylisoquinolinium salts, and benzethonium chloride.
- Preferred examples of cationic surfactants are: R 21 -N + (-R 22 )(-R 23 )(-R 24 ) X - [In the formula, R 21 , R 22 , R 23 and R 24 are hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, X is an anionic group. ] It is a compound of Specific examples of R 21 , R 22 , R 23 and -R 24 are alkyl groups (eg, methyl group, butyl group, stearyl group, palmityl group). Specific examples of X are halogen (eg, chlorine), acid (eg, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid).
- the cationic surfactant is particularly preferably a monoalkyltrimethylammonium salt (alkyl having 4 to 40 carbon atoms).
- the cationic surfactant is an ammonium salt.
- cationic surfactants include dodecyltrimethylammonium acetate, trimethyltetradecylammonium chloride, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, trimethyloctadecylammonium chloride, (dodecylmethylbenzyl)trimethylammonium chloride, benzyldodecyldimethylammonium chloride, methyldodecyl Included are di(hydropolyoxyethylene) ammonium chloride, benzyldodecyl di(hydropolyoxyethylene) ammonium chloride, and N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]oleamide hydrochloride.
- anionic surfactants include alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfates, alkenyl ether sulfates, alkenyl sulfates, olefin sulfonates, alkanesulfonates, saturated or unsaturated fatty acid salts, alkyl or alkenyl ether carbonates.
- examples include acid salts, ⁇ -sulfone fatty acid salts, N-acylamino acid surfactants, phosphate mono- or diester surfactants, and sulfosuccinate esters.
- amphoteric surfactants include alanines, imidazolinium betaines, amidobetaines, acetic acid betaine, etc. Specifically, lauryl betaine, stearyl betaine, laurylcarboxymethylhydroxyethylimidazolinium betaine, Examples include lauryldimethylaminoacetic acid betaine and fatty acid amidopropyldimethylaminoacetic acid betaine.
- the surfactant may be one type or a combination of two or more of nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants.
- the amount of surfactant is 0.1 parts by weight or more, 1 part by weight or more, 3 parts by weight or more, 5 parts by weight or more, 10 parts by weight or more, 15 parts by weight or more based on 100 parts by weight of the amide group-containing polymer. , or 20 parts by weight or more.
- the amount of the surfactant is 50 parts by weight or less, 40 parts by weight or less, 30 parts by weight or less, 20 parts by weight or less, 10 parts by weight or less, and 5 parts by weight or less, based on 100 parts by weight of the amide group-containing polymer. It's fine.
- the amount of cationic surfactant may be 5% by weight or more, preferably 10% by weight or more, more preferably 20% by weight or more, based on the total amount of surfactant.
- the weight ratio of nonionic surfactant to cationic surfactant is preferably 95:5 to 20:80, more preferably 85:15 to 40:60.
- the amount of the cationic surfactant may be 0.05 to 10 parts by weight, for example 0.1 to 8 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the amide group-containing polymer.
- the total amount of surfactants may be 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, for example 0.2 to 10 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the amide group-containing polymer.
- the dispersion may include a curing agent (active hydrogen-reactive compound or active hydrogen-containing compound).
- a curing agent may be added to the dispersion after polymerization to obtain the amide group-containing polymer.
- the curing agent (crosslinking agent) in the dispersion can effectively cure the amide group-containing polymer.
- the curing agent may be an active hydrogen-reactive compound or an active hydrogen-containing compound that reacts with the active hydrogen or active hydrogen-reactive group of the amide group-containing polymer.
- active hydrogen-reactive compounds are polyisocyanate compounds, epoxy compounds, chloromethyl group-containing compounds, carboxyl group-containing compounds and hydrazide compounds.
- Examples of active hydrogen-containing compounds are hydroxyl group-containing compounds, amino group-containing compounds and carboxyl group-containing compounds, ketone group-containing compounds, hydrazide compounds and melamine compounds.
- the curing agent may be a polyisocyanate compound.
- a polyisocyanate compound is a compound having two or more isocyanate groups in one molecule.
- Polyisocyanate compounds act as crosslinking agents. Examples of polyisocyanate compounds include aliphatic polyisocyanates, alicyclic polyisocyanates, araliphatic polyisocyanates, aromatic polyisocyanates, and derivatives of these polyisocyanates.
- aliphatic polyisocyanates are trimethylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, pentamethylene diisocyanate, 1,2-propylene diisocyanate, 1,2-butylene diisocyanate, 2,3-butylene diisocyanate, 1,3-butylene Diisocyanate, 2,4,4- or 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, aliphatic diisocyanate of 2,6-diisocyanatomethylcaproate, and lysine ester triisocyanate, 1,4,8-triisocyanate Octane, 1,6,11-triisocyanatooundecane, 1,8-diisocyanato-4-isocyanatomethyloctane, 1,3,6-triisocyanatohexane, 2,5,7-trimethyl-1,8-diisocyanato -5-isocyanatomethyloct
- alicyclic polyisocyanates examples include alicyclic diisocyanates and alicyclic triisocyanates. Specific examples of the alicyclic polyisocyanate are 1,3-cyclopentene diisocyanate, 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl isocyanate (isophorone diisocyanate), and 1,3,5-triisocyanatocyclohexane. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- araliphatic polyisocyanates examples include araliphatic diisocyanates and araliphatic triisocyanates.
- Specific examples of araliphatic polyisocyanates include 1,3- or 1,4-xylylene diisocyanate or mixtures thereof, 1,3- or 1,4-bis(1-isocyanato-1-methylethyl)benzene (tetramethyl xylylene diisocyanate) or a mixture thereof, 1,3,5-triisocyanatomethylbenzene. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- aromatic polyisocyanates are aromatic diisocyanates, aromatic triisocyanates, and aromatic tetraisocyanates.
- aromatic polyisocyanates include m-phenylene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, 4,4'-diphenyl diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, 2,4'- or 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, or mixtures thereof.
- triphenylmethane-4,4',4''-triisocyanate triphenylmethane-4,4',4''-triisocyanate
- 4,4'-diphenylmethane-2,2',5,5' - Tetraisocyanate etc.
- polyisocyanate derivative examples include various derivatives of the polyisocyanate compounds described above, such as dimer, trimer, biuret, allophanate, carbodiimide, uretdione, uretoimine, isocyanurate, and iminooxadiazinedione. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- polyisocyanates can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a blocked polyisocyanate compound blocked isocyanate
- blocked isocyanate is a compound in which the isocyanate groups of a polyisocyanate compound are blocked with a blocking agent. It is preferable to use a blocked polyisocyanate compound because it is relatively stable even in an aqueous solution and can be used in the same aqueous solution as the dispersion.
- the blocking agent blocks free isocyanate groups.
- the blocked polyisocyanate compound is heated to, for example, 100° C. or higher, for example, 130° C. or higher, the isocyanate groups are regenerated and can easily react with hydroxyl groups.
- blocking agents include phenolic compounds, lactam compounds, aliphatic alcohol compounds, oxime compounds, and the like.
- Polyisocyanate compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- An epoxy compound is a compound having an epoxy group.
- examples of epoxy compounds are epoxy compounds having polyoxyalkylene groups, such as polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether and polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether; and sorbitol polyglycidyl ether.
- a chloromethyl group-containing compound is a compound having a chloromethyl group.
- An example of a chloromethyl group-containing compound is chloromethyl polystyrene.
- a carboxyl group-containing compound is a compound having a carboxyl group. Examples of carboxyl group-containing compounds are (poly)acrylic acid, (poly)methacrylic acid, and the like.
- ketone group-containing compound examples include (poly)diacetone acrylamide, diacetone alcohol, and the like.
- hydrazide compound include hydrazine, carbohydrazide, adipic acid hydrazide, and the like.
- melamine compound examples include melamine resin, methyl etherified melamine resin, and the like.
- the amount of the curing agent is 0.1 parts by weight or more, 1 part by weight or more, 3 parts by weight or more, 5 parts by weight or more, 10 parts by weight or more, 15 parts by weight or more, based on 100 parts by weight of the amide group-containing polymer. Or it may be 20 parts by weight or more.
- the amount of the curing agent is 50 parts by weight or less, 40 parts by weight or less, 30 parts by weight or less, 20 parts by weight or less, 10 parts by weight or less, 5 parts by weight or less, based on 100 parts by weight of the amide group-containing polymer. good.
- the dispersion liquid may contain other components other than the above-mentioned components.
- other components include water and/or oil repellents, antislip agents, antistatic agents, preservatives, ultraviolet absorbers, antibacterial agents, deodorants, perfumes, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- other ingredients include texture adjusters, softeners, antibacterial agents, flame retardants, paint fixing agents, anti-wrinkle agents, drying rate regulators, crosslinking agents, film forming aids, compatibilizers, and anti-freezing agents.
- viscosity modifiers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, polymer dispersant, stain remover, scum dispersant, 4,4-bis(2-sulfostyryl)biphenyl disodium (Ciba Specialty) Fluorescent brighteners such as Chinopal CBS-X (manufactured by Chemicals), dye fixatives, antifading agents such as 1,4-bis(3-aminopropyl)piperazine, stain removers, and cellulase, amylase, and protease as fiber surface modifiers.
- dye transfer prevention agent such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, polymer dispersant, stain remover, scum dispersant, 4,4-bis(2-sulfostyryl)biphenyl disodium (Ciba Specialty) Fluorescent brighteners such as Chinopal CBS-X (manufactured by Chemicals), dye fixatives, antifading agents such as 1,4-bis(3
- enzymes such as lipase and keratinase, foam inhibitors, and silk protein powders that can impart the texture and functions of silk such as moisture absorption and release properties, their surface modified products, and emulsified dispersions.
- antistatic agent examples include quaternary ammonium salts, pyridinium salts, cationic antistatic agents having cationic functional groups such as primary, secondary, and tertiary amino groups; sulfonate salts and sulfate ester salts; Anionic antistatic agents having anionic functional groups such as phosphonates and phosphate ester salts; amphoteric antistatic agents such as alkyl betaines and derivatives thereof, imidazolines and derivatives thereof, alanine and derivatives thereof, amino alcohols and derivatives thereof , nonionic antistatic agents such as glycerin and its derivatives, polyethylene glycol and its derivatives, and the like.
- An ion conductive polymer obtained by polymerizing or copolymerizing monomers having ion conductive groups of cation type, anion type, or amphoteric type may be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Preservatives can be used mainly to enhance preservative power and sterilizing power, and to maintain preservative properties during long-term storage.
- the preservative include isothiazolone organic sulfur compounds, benzisothiazolone organic sulfur compounds, benzoic acids, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, and the like.
- the content of the preservative is preferably 0.0001 to 1% by weight based on the total weight of the dispersion. When the content of the preservative is at least the lower limit of the above range, the effect of adding the preservative can be sufficiently obtained, and when the content is at most the upper limit, the storage stability of the dispersion is good.
- An ultraviolet absorber is a drug that has the effect of protecting against ultraviolet rays, and is a component that absorbs ultraviolet rays, converts them into infrared rays, visible rays, etc., and releases them.
- Examples of the ultraviolet absorber include aminobenzoic acid derivatives, salicylic acid derivatives, cinnamic acid derivatives, benzophenone derivatives, azole compounds, and 4-t-butyl-4'-methoxybenzoylmethane.
- Antibacterial agents are components that have the effect of suppressing the growth of bacteria on fibers and further suppressing the generation of unpleasant odors derived from decomposition products of microorganisms.
- antibacterial agents include cationic bactericides such as quaternary ammonium salts, bis-(2-pyridylthio-1-oxide) zinc, polyhexamethylene biguanidine hydrochloride, 8-oxyquinoline, polylysine, and the like.
- Deodorants include cluster dextrin, methyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin, 2-hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin, monoacetyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin, acylamidopropyldimethylamine oxide, aminocarboxylic acid metal complexes (International Publication Zinc complex of trisodium methylglycine diacetate described in No. 2012/090580), and the like.
- fragrance Although the fragrance is not particularly limited, a list of usable fragrance raw materials can be found in various literature, such as "Perfume and Flavor Chemicals", Vol. Iand II, Steffen Arctander, Allured Pub. Co. (1994) and “Synthetic Flavor Materials of Natural Origin”, Genichi Indo, Kagaku Kogyo Nipposha (1996) and “Perfume and Flavor Materials of Natural Origin”, Steffen Arctander, Allured Pub. Co. (1994) and “Encyclopedia of Fragrance”, edited by Japan Fragrance Materials Association, Asakura Shoten (1989) and “Perfumery Material Performance V.3.3”, Boelens Aroma Chemical Information Service (1996) and “Fl. "Ower oils and Floral Compounds In Perfumery” , Danute Lajaujis Anonis, Allured Pub. Co. (1993), etc., each of which is incorporated by reference herein.
- the amount of other ingredients is 0.1 parts by weight or more, 1 part by weight or more, 3 parts by weight or more, 5 parts by weight or more, 10 parts by weight or more, 15 parts by weight or more based on 100 parts by weight of the amide group-containing polymer. , or 20 parts by weight or more.
- the amount of other components is 50 parts by weight or less, 40 parts by weight or less, 30 parts by weight or less, 20 parts by weight or less, 10 parts by weight or less, and 5 parts by weight or less, based on 100 parts by weight of the amide group-containing polymer. It's fine.
- a method for producing a dispersion, a water repellent composition, or an oil resistance composition in the present disclosure includes a polymer production step of producing an amide group-containing polymer by the above-described method for producing an amide group-containing polymer.
- Dispersions, water repellent compositions, or oil resistance compositions are produced by adding the above-mentioned solvents, additives, etc. to the reaction solution after polymerization in order to obtain the desired composition. It's okay to be. If necessary, some components such as the organic solvent may be distilled off from the reaction solution after polymerization. For example, after producing an amide group-containing polymer by polymerizing monomers in the presence of an organic solvent, water may be added and then the organic solvent may be distilled off.
- the treated products of the present disclosure include substrates treated with the water repellent composition or oil repellent composition described above (“water repellent composition or oil repellent composition” may also be referred to simply as “water repellent composition”).
- the treated product is preferably a textile or paper product.
- base materials for textile products include natural fibers of animal and plant origin such as cotton, linen, wool, and silk, synthetic fibers such as polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, and polypropylene, and semi-synthetic fibers such as rayon and acetate.
- synthetic fibers such as polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, and polypropylene
- semi-synthetic fibers such as rayon and acetate.
- Examples include synthetic fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, inorganic fibers such as asbestos fibers, and mixed fibers thereof.
- Textile products include woven, knitted and non-woven fabrics, cloth in the form of clothing and carpets; Processing may be performed.
- base materials for paper products include bleached or unbleached chemical pulps such as kraft pulp or sulfite pulp, bleached or unbleached high-yield pulps such as ground wood pulp, mechanical pulp, or thermomechanical pulp, old newspapers, and old magazines.
- Examples include paper made of waste paper pulp such as used cardboard or deinked waste paper, containers made of paper, and molded objects made of paper.
- Specific examples of paper products include food packaging paper, gypsum board base paper, coated base paper, medium-quality paper, general liner and core, neutral pure white roll paper, neutral liner, rust-proof liner and metal interleaving paper, and kraft paper. , neutral printing writing paper, neutral coated base paper, neutral PPC paper, neutral thermal paper, neutral pressure-sensitive base paper, neutral inkjet paper and neutral information paper, molded paper (mold container), etc.
- Substrates treated with the water repellent composition or oil resistant composition of the present disclosure are not limited to textile products or paper products, but may also include stones, filters (e.g., electrostatic filters), dust masks, fuels, etc. Mention may be made of battery parts (e.g. gas diffusion electrodes and gas diffusion supports), glass, wood, leather, fur, asbestos, brick, cement, metals and oxides, ceramic products, plastics, painted surfaces, and plaster. can
- the method for producing a textile product or paper product in the present disclosure includes producing a water repellent composition or an oil resistant composition by the method for producing a water repellent composition or an oil resistant composition described above.
- the method includes a step of producing an oil-resistant agent composition; and a treatment step of treating a base material with the water-repellent composition or the oil-resistant agent composition.
- Treatment means applying a water repellent composition or an oil resistance composition to a substrate by dipping, spraying, coating, etc. Through the treatment, the polymer, which is an active ingredient of the water repellent composition or the oil resistance composition, penetrates into the interior of the substrate and/or adheres to the surface of the substrate.
- the water repellent composition or oil resistant composition of the present disclosure can be applied to a substrate as a treatment agent (particularly a surface treatment agent) by a conventionally known method.
- a treatment method the water repellent composition of the present disclosure is dispersed and diluted in an organic solvent or water if necessary, and applied to the substrate by known methods such as dip coating, spray coating, foam coating, etc. It may be a method of attaching it to a surface and drying it. After drying, a textile product to which the solid components of the water repellent composition are attached is obtained. Further, if necessary, curing may be performed by applying together with a suitable crosslinking agent.
- the water repellent composition of the present disclosure a water repellent and/or oil repellent, an anti-slip agent, an antistatic agent, a texture control agent, a softening agent, an antibacterial agent, a flame retardant, a paint fixing agent, an anti-wrinkle agent, a drying agent, etc.
- various additives such as speed regulators, crosslinking agents, film forming aids, compatibilizers, antifreeze agents, viscosity regulators, ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, pH regulators, insect repellents, antifoaming agents, etc. It is also possible to do so.
- various additives may be the same as those explained in the section of "other components" in the water repellent composition described above.
- the concentration of the hydrocarbon water-repellent resin in the treatment agent brought into contact with the substrate may be changed as appropriate depending on the use, but may be 0.01 to 10% by weight, for example 0.05 to 5% by weight.
- the textile product that is the base material As mentioned above, various examples can be given as the textile product that is the base material.
- the water or oil repellent composition can be applied to textiles by any of the methods known for treating textiles (eg, fabrics) with liquids.
- the textile may be soaked in the water or oil repellent composition, or the solution may be applied or sprayed onto the textile.
- the treated textile product is preferably dried and cured by heating in order to develop water and oil repellency.
- the heating temperature may be, for example, 100°C to 200°C, 100°C to 170°C or 100°C to 120°C. In the present disclosure, good performance can be obtained even with low temperature heating (eg, 100° C. to 140° C.).
- the heating time may be from 5 seconds to 60 minutes, for example from 30 seconds to 3 minutes.
- the solution may be coated on the paper, or the solution may be attached or sprayed onto the paper, or the solution may be mixed with pulp slurry before paper making.
- the treatment may be an external addition treatment or an internal addition treatment.
- the polymer may be applied to textiles by a cleaning method, such as in a laundry application or dry cleaning method.
- the textile may be pretreated prior to treatment with the water repellent composition of the present disclosure.
- pre-treating the textile product it is possible to impart excellent fastness to the textile product after being treated with the water repellent composition.
- pretreatment for textile products examples include cationization treatment such as reaction with reactive quaternary ammonium salts, anionization treatment such as sulfonation, carboxylation, and phosphorylation, acetylation treatment after anionization treatment, and benzoylation treatment. treatment, carboxymethylation treatment, grafting treatment, tannic acid treatment, polymer coating treatment, etc.
- the method for pre-treating textile products is not limited, but textile products can be pre-treated by conventionally known methods.
- the pretreatment liquid may be dispersed and diluted in an organic solvent or water if necessary, and then applied to the surface of the textile product by a known method such as dip coating, spray coating, foam coating, etc., and then dried. .
- the pH, temperature, etc. of the pretreatment liquid may be adjusted depending on the degree of treatment desired.
- a method for pre-treating textile products a method for pre-treating textile products with a hydrocarbon water repellent will be described in detail.
- the pretreatment method for textile products involves treating the fibers with a monovalent group represented by -SO 3 M 1 (wherein M 1 represents a monovalent cation), -COOM 2 (wherein M 2 represents a monovalent cation), and -COOM 2 (wherein M 2 represents a monovalent cation). (representing a cation), and -O-P(O)(OX 1 )(OX 2 ) (wherein, X 1 and X 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a carbon number of 1 to 22
- the method may include a step of imparting at least one functional group (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a "specific functional group") selected from the group consisting of monovalent groups represented by (indicating an alkyl group).
- Examples of M 1 include H, K, Na, or ammonium ion which may have a substituent.
- M 2 include H, K, Na, or ammonium ion which may have a substituent.
- X 1 or X 2 is an alkyl group, it is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the fiber containing the above specific functional group (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "functional group-containing fiber") can be prepared, for example, by the following method.
- a compound having the above specific functional group is attached to the fiber material. Note that the attachment of the compound may be such that part of the compound and part of the fiber are chemically bonded to each other as long as a sufficient amount of the specific functional group remains.
- (ii) Prepare a fiber in which the above specific functional group is directly introduced into the material constituting the fiber.
- a functional group-containing fiber can be obtained by a functional group introduction step of treating the fiber material with a pretreatment liquid containing one or more of the above-mentioned specific functional group-containing compounds.
- the materials used for the fiber materials including natural fibers such as cotton, hemp, silk, and wool, semi-synthetic fibers such as rayon and acetate, synthetic fibers such as polyamide (nylon, etc.), polyester, polyurethane, and polypropylene, and synthetic fibers such as these. Examples include composite fibers, blended fibers, etc.
- the form of the fibrous material may be any form such as fiber (tow, sliver, etc.), thread, knitted fabric (including interwoven fabric), woven fabric (including interwoven fabric), nonwoven fabric, paper, etc.
- a textile material containing polyamide and polyester as raw materials, and in particular, nylon such as nylon 6, nylon 6,6, polyethylene terephthalate, etc. It is preferable to use polyesters such as (PET), polytrimethyl terephthalate, and polylactic acid, and mixed fibers containing these.
- a phenolic polymer can be used as the compound having -SO 3 M 1 .
- examples of such phenolic polymers include those containing at least one compound represented by the following general formula.
- X 2 represents -SO 3 M 3 (in the formula, M 3 represents a monovalent cation) or a group represented by the following general formula, and n is an integer of 20 to 3000 . ]
- M 4 represents a monovalent cation.
- M 3 examples include H, K, Na, or ammonium ion which may have a substituent.
- Examples of M 4 include H, K, Na, or ammonium ion which may have a substituent.
- the compound represented by the above general formula may be, for example, a formalin condensate of phenolsulfonic acid or a formalin condensate of sulfonated bisphenol S.
- Examples of the compound having -COOM 2 include polycarboxylic acid polymers.
- polycarboxylic acid polymer for example, a polymer synthesized by a conventionally known radical polymerization method using acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, etc. as a monomer, or a commercially available polymer can be used.
- Examples of the method for producing polycarboxylic acid-based polymers include a method in which a radical polymerization initiator is added to an aqueous solution of the monomer and/or its salt, and the mixture is heated and reacted at 30 to 150° C. for 2 to 5 hours. At this time, an alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, or an aqueous solvent such as acetone may be added to the aqueous solution of the monomer and/or its salt.
- a radical polymerization initiator is added to an aqueous solution of the monomer and/or its salt, and the mixture is heated and reacted at 30 to 150° C. for 2 to 5 hours.
- an alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, or an aqueous solvent such as acetone may be added to the aqueous solution of the monomer and/or its salt.
- radical polymerization initiators examples include persulfates such as potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, and ammonium persulfate, redox polymerization initiators made from combinations of persulfates and sodium bisulfite, hydrogen peroxide, and water-soluble azo-based initiators. Examples include polymerization initiators. These radical polymerization initiators may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Furthermore, during radical polymerization, a chain transfer agent (for example, octyl thioglycolate) may be added for the purpose of adjusting the degree of polymerization.
- a chain transfer agent for example, octyl thioglycolate
- copolymerizable monomers can be used for radical polymerization.
- copolymerizable monomers include vinyl monomers such as ethylene, vinyl chloride, and vinyl acetate, acrylamide, acrylates, and methacrylates.
- the acrylates and methacrylates preferably have a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent such as a hydroxyl group.
- acrylates or methacrylates examples include methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, propyl acrylate, propyl methacrylate, and the like. These copolymerizable monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the carboxyl group in the polycarboxylic acid polymer may be free or may be neutralized with an alkali metal, an amine compound, or the like.
- alkali metals include sodium, potassium, and lithium
- amine compounds include ammonia, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, and the like.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polycarboxylic acid polymer is preferably from 1,000 to 20,000, more preferably from 3,000 to 15,000, from the viewpoint of improving the water repellency of the resulting textile product.
- polycarboxylic acid polymer As the polycarboxylic acid polymer, commercially available products such as "Neocrystal 770" (manufactured by NICCA Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name) and "Ceropol PC-300” (manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd., trade name) can be used. .
- Examples of the compound having -OP(O)(OX 1 )(OX 2 ) include phosphoric ester compounds represented by the following general formula. [In the formula, X 1 or X 2 has the same meaning as above, and X 3 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms. ]
- phosphoric acid ester compound phosphoric acid monoesters, diesters, and triesters in which the alkyl ester moiety is an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof can be used.
- lauryl phosphate and decyl phosphate From the viewpoint of improving the water repellency of the resulting textile product, it is preferable to use lauryl phosphate and decyl phosphate.
- phosphoric acid ester compound for example, a commercially available product such as "Phosphanol ML-200" (manufactured by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name) can be used.
- the pretreatment liquid containing one or more of the compounds having the above-mentioned specific functional groups can be, for example, an aqueous solution of the above-mentioned compounds. Further, the pretreatment liquid may contain an acid, an alkali, a surfactant, a chelating agent, and the like.
- Examples of methods for treating the fiber material with the above pretreatment liquid include padding treatment, dipping treatment, spray treatment, and coating treatment.
- the padding process is described, for example, on pages 396-397 of Fiber Dyeing Processing Dictionary (1960, published by Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun) and pages 256-260 of Color Dyeing Chemistry III (1975, published by Jikkyo Publishing Co., Ltd.)
- One example is a method using a padding device.
- the coating treatment for example, a method using a coating machine described on pages 473 to 477 of Dyeing and Finishing Equipment General Directory (1981, published by Senshi-sha) can be mentioned.
- Examples of the dipping treatment include a method using a batch dyeing machine as described in the Dyeing and Finishing Equipment Directory (1981, Sensensha Publishing), pages 196 to 247; A dyeing machine, a wince dyeing machine, a washer dyeing machine, a cheese dyeing machine, etc. can be used.
- Examples of the spray treatment include a method using an air spray method in which the treatment liquid is atomized using compressed air, and a method using a hydraulic atomization type air spray method.
- the processing conditions such as the concentration of the processing liquid and the heat treatment after application can be appropriately adjusted in consideration of various conditions such as the purpose and performance.
- the pretreatment liquid contains water, it is preferable to dry it to remove water after adhering it to the fiber material.
- the drying method is not particularly limited and may be either a dry heat method or a wet heat method.
- the drying temperature is not particularly limited either, but it may be dried at room temperature to 200° C. for 10 seconds to several days. If necessary, after drying, heat treatment may be performed at a temperature of 100 to 180° C. for about 10 seconds to 5 minutes.
- the treatment with the pretreatment liquid may be carried out before dyeing or in the same bath as dyeing, but when performing reduction soaping, the above-mentioned specific functionalities adsorbed in the process may be Since there is a risk that the group-containing compound (for example, a phenolic polymer compound, etc.) may fall off, it is preferable to perform this after reduction soaping after dyeing.
- the group-containing compound for example, a phenolic polymer compound, etc.
- the treatment temperature in the dipping treatment can be 60 to 130°C.
- Treatment time can be 5 to 60 minutes.
- the step of introducing a functional group using a pretreatment liquid is preferably carried out in such an amount that the amount of the compound having the specific functional group deposited is 1.0 to 7.0 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the fiber material. Within this range, both durable water repellency and texture can be achieved at a high level.
- the pH of the pretreatment liquid is preferably adjusted to 3 to 5.
- a pH adjuster such as acetic acid or malic acid can be used.
- a salt can also be used in the pretreatment liquid in order to effectively adsorb the compound having the above-mentioned specific functional group onto the fiber material through a salting-out effect.
- salts that can be used include sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, ammonium sulfate, and sodium sulfate.
- the functional group introduction step using the pretreatment liquid it is preferable to remove the excessively treated compound having the specific functional group.
- the removal method include washing with water. By sufficiently removing it, it is possible to prevent the development of water repellency from being inhibited in the subsequent water repellent treatment, and in addition, the texture of the obtained textile product is improved. Further, it is preferable that the obtained functional group-containing fiber is sufficiently dried before being brought into contact with the hydrocarbon water repellent.
- Examples of fibers in which the above-mentioned specific functional groups are directly introduced into the material constituting the fibers include cationic dyeable polyester (CD-PET).
- the surface zeta potential of the functional group-containing fiber is preferably -100 to -0.1 mV, more preferably -50 to -1 mV, from the viewpoint of improving the water repellency of the obtained textile product.
- the zeta potential on the surface of the fiber can be measured, for example, with a zeta potential/particle size measuring system ELSZ-1000ZS (manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.).
- amide alcohol A a commercially available raw material alcohol (hereinafter referred to as amide alcohol A) consisting of a mixture of 65 mass% stearic acid monoethanolamide (C18-OH) and 35 mass% palmitic acid monoethanolamide (C16-OH) was prepared as follows. Washed with water.
- amide alcohol B The amide alcohol after this one-time water washing is hereinafter referred to as amide alcohol B.
- amide alcohol B The amide alcohol after this one-time water washing.
- amide alcohol B was washed with water again in the same manner (washed with water twice).
- the amide alcohol after washing twice with water will be referred to as amide alcohol C hereinafter.
- Table 2 shows the results of tracking the conversion rates to amide group-containing monomers of Synthesis Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Synthesis Examples 1 to 2 by GC. Furthermore, Table 3 shows the results of LCMS analysis of the products of Synthesis Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Synthesis Example 1.
- Polymerization example 1 In a 500ml plastic container, 30g of water-soluble glycol solvent, 30g of the amide group-containing monomer of Synthesis Example 1, 49g of stearyl acrylate, 1g of N-methylolacrylamide, 180g of pure water, 2g of cationic emulsifier, 2g of sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxy 6 g of ethylene alkyl ether was charged and heated to 80° C., stirred for 1 minute at 2000 rpm using a homomixer, and then emulsified and dispersed using ultrasound for 15 minutes.
- the emulsified dispersion was transferred to a 500 ml autoclave, and after the autoclave was purged with nitrogen, 0.2 g of lauryl mercaptan and 20 g of vinyl chloride were charged. Furthermore, 1 g of 2,2-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride was added and reacted at 60° C. for 4 hours to obtain an aqueous dispersion of a polymer. This dispersion was further diluted with pure water to prepare water dispersion 1 having a solid content concentration of 30%.
- Polymerization example 2 Except for using the amide group-containing monomer of Synthesis Example 2, the polymerization reaction was carried out using the same charging composition and the same method as in Polymerization Example 1, and diluted with pure water to prepare aqueous dispersion 2 with a solid content concentration of 30%. did.
- Polymerization example 3 Except for using the amide group-containing monomer of Synthesis Example 3, the polymerization reaction was carried out using the same charging composition and the same method as in Polymerization Example 1, and diluted with pure water to prepare aqueous dispersion 3 with a solid content concentration of 30%. did.
- Polymerization example 4 Except for using the amide group-containing monomer of Synthesis Example 4, the polymerization reaction was carried out using the same charging composition and the same method as in Polymerization Example 1, and diluted with pure water to prepare aqueous dispersion 4 with a solid content concentration of 30%. did.
- Comparative polymerization example 1 Comparative aqueous dispersion 1 with the same charging composition and the same method as polymerization example 1 except for using the amide group-containing monomer of comparative synthesis example 1, and diluting with pure water to have a solid content concentration of 30%. was prepared.
- Polymerization example 6 Except for using the amide group-containing monomer of Synthesis Example 2, the polymerization reaction was carried out using the same charging composition and the same method as in Polymerization Example 5, and diluted with pure water to prepare aqueous dispersion 6 with a solid content concentration of 15%. did.
- Comparative polymerization example 2 Comparative aqueous dispersion 2 with the same charging composition and the same method as polymerization example 5 except for using the amide group-containing monomer of comparative synthesis example 1, and diluting with pure water to have a solid content concentration of 15%. was prepared.
- Comparative test example 1 A comparative aqueous dispersion with a solid content concentration of 30% prepared in Comparative Polymerization Example 1 was diluted with tap water to a solid content concentration of 1% in the same manner as in Test Example 1 to prepare a treatment liquid. Using this treatment liquid, a cloth was treated in the same manner as in Test Example 1 and a water repellency test was conducted. The results are shown in Table 4.
- Comparative stability test example 1 Comparative aqueous dispersion 1 prepared in Comparative Polymerization Example 1 with a solid content concentration of 30% was subjected to a natural sedimentation test and a centrifugal sedimentation test at 40°C in the same manner as in Stability Test Examples 1 to 4. Table 5 shows the results.
- Table 5 shows the results of a natural sedimentation test and a centrifugal sedimentation test at 40°C in the same manner as in Stability Test Examples 1 to 4 using aqueous dispersions 5 and 6 with a solid content concentration of 15%.
- Table 5 shows the results of a natural sedimentation test and a centrifugal sedimentation test at 40°C using Comparative Aqueous Dispersion 2 with a solid content concentration of 15% in the same manner as in Stability Test Examples 1 to 4.
- Paper processing test ⁇ Test example 5
- a wet paper strength agent and a sizing agent were added to this pulp slurry and processed using a Fourdrinier paper machine to obtain paper with a paper density of 0.58 g/cm 3 and a basis weight of 45 g/m 2 .
- the oil resistance (KIT value) of this paper was zero, and the water resistance (Cobb value) was 52 g/m2. This paper was subjected to the following size press treatment.
- a treatment liquid was prepared by diluting the aqueous dispersion 5 obtained in Polymerization Example 5 with water so that the solid content concentration was 2.4% by weight and the hydroxyethylated starch concentration was 7%.
- the paper was treated using the above-mentioned treatment liquid in a size press machine and dried in a drum dryer to obtain oil-resistant paper (processed paper).
- the coating amount of the hydroxyethylated starch and copolymer of the obtained oil-resistant paper was 1.1 g/m2 (of which, the coating amount of the copolymer was 0.28 g/m2).
- Table 6 shows the evaluation results of the oil resistance (KIT value) and water resistance (Cobb value) of the obtained oil-resistant paper.
- ⁇ Test example 6 Paper was treated in the same manner as in Test Example 5, except that the aqueous dispersion 6 obtained in Polymerization Example 6 was used to obtain oil-resistant paper (processed paper).
- Table 6 shows the evaluation results of the oil resistance (KIT value) and water resistance (Cobb value) of the obtained oil-resistant paper.
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Abstract
Description
R2C(=O)NHR3OR1
[式中、R1は、エチレン性不飽和重合性基を有する有機残基、
R2は、炭素数7~30の炭化水素基、
R3は、炭素数1~5の炭化水素基である。]
で示されるアミド構造を有する単量体を重合して得られる含フッ素重合体を含む撥水剤組成物を用いることが開示されている。
[項1]
下記式:
HO-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12
[式中、
Y1が2~4価の炭素数1~6の炭化水素基であり、
R12が一価の炭素数6~40の炭化水素基である。]
で表されるアミド基含有アルコールから
下記式:
CH2=C(-R11)C(=O)O-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12
[式中、
R11が水素原子、一価の有機基又はハロゲン原子であり、
Y1が2~4価の炭素数1~6の炭化水素基であり、
R12が一価の炭素数6~40の炭化水素基である。]
で表されるアミド基含有単量体を得る、エステル交換反応工程を含み、
前記アミド基含有アルコールの不純物として存在するNa、K及びLiの合計量が300ppm以下である、アミド基含有単量体の製造方法。
[項2]
前記アミド基含有アルコールの不純物として存在するアルカリ金属元素の合計量が300ppm以下である、項1に記載のアミド基含有単量体の製造方法。
[項3]
水洗又はアルカリ吸着処理により前記アミド基含有アルコールの不純物として存在するNa、K及びLiの量を低減する、低減工程を含む、項1又は2に記載のアミド基含有単量体の製造方法。
[項4]
前記アミド基含有アルコールにおいて、R12が炭素数11以上の脂肪族炭化水素基である、項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のアミド基含有単量体の製造方法。
[項5]
前記アミド基含有アルコールにおいて、
R11が水素原子又はメチル基であり、
Y1が炭素数2~4のアルキレン基であり、
R12が炭素数10~30の直鎖アルキル基である、項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のアミド基含有単量体の製造方法。
[項6]
前記アミド基含有アルコールの不純物として存在するNa、K及びLiの合計量が30ppm以下である、項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のアミド基含有単量体の製造方法。
[項7]
下記式:
HO-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12
[式中、
Y1が2~4価の炭素数1~6の炭化水素基であり、
R12が一価の炭素数6~40の炭化水素基である。]
で表されるアミド基含有アルコールから
下記式:
CH2=C(-R11)C(=O)O-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12
[式中、
R11が水素原子、一価の有機基又はハロゲン原子であり、
Y1が2~4価の炭素数1~6の炭化水素基であり、
R12が一価の炭素数6~40の炭化水素基である。]
で表されるアミド基含有単量体を得るエステル交換反応工程を含む、前記アミド基含有単量体の製造方法における、
不純物として存在するNa、K及びLiの合計量が300ppm以下であるアミド基含有アルコールの使用。
[項8]
下記式:
CH2=C(-R11)C(=O)O-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12
[式中、
R11が水素原子、一価の有機基又はハロゲン原子であり、
Y1が2~4価の炭素数1~6の炭化水素基であり、
R12が一価の炭素数6~40の炭化水素基である。]
で表されるアミド基含有単量体であって、
前記アミド基含有単量体の不純物として存在するマイケル付加生成物の量が前記アミド基含有単量体に対して2重量%以下である、アミド基含有単量体。
[項9]
R12が炭素数11以上の脂肪族炭化水素基である、項8に記載のアミド基含有単量体。
[項10]
R11が水素原子又はメチル基であり、
Y1が炭素数2~4のアルキレン基であり、
R12が炭素数10以上30以下の直鎖アルキル基である、項8又は9に記載のアミド基含有単量体。
[項11]
項8~10のいずれか一項に記載のアミド基含有単量体を重合する、重合工程を含む、アミド基含有重合体の製造方法。
[項12]
前記重合工程において、さらに、炭化水素系単量体、架橋性単量体、及びハロゲン化オレフィンからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種を重合する、項11に記載のアミド基含有重合体の製造方法。
[項13]
項11又は12に記載のアミド基含有重合体の製造方法によりアミド基含有重合体を製造する、重合体製造工程を含む、分散液の製造方法。
[項14]
項11又は12に記載のアミド基含有重合体の製造方法によりアミド基含有重合体を製造する、重合体製造工程を含む、撥水剤組成物又は耐油剤組成物の製造方法。
[項15]
項14に記載の製造方法により撥水剤組成物又は耐油剤組成物を製造する、撥水剤組成物又は耐油剤組成物製造工程;及び
前記撥水剤組成物又は前記耐油剤組成物で基材を処理する、処理工程を含む、処理された繊維製品又は紙製品の製造方法。
本開示におけるアミド基含有単量体は、下記式:
CH2=C(-R11)C(=O)O-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12
[式中、
R11が水素原子、一価の有機基又はハロゲン原子であり、
Y1が2~4価の炭素数1~6の炭化水素基であり、
R12が一価の炭素数6~40の炭化水素基である。]
で表され、
前記アミド基含有単量体の不純物として存在するマイケル付加生成物の量が前記アミド基含有単量体に対して2重量%未満である。
アミド基含有単量体は
下記式:
CH2=C(-R11)C(=O)O-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12
[式中、
R11が水素原子、一価の有機基又はハロゲン原子であり、
Y1が2~4価の炭素数1~6の炭化水素基であり、
R12が一価の炭素数6~40の炭化水素基である。]
で表される。
CH2=CHC(=O)OCmH2mNHC(=O)CnH2n+1
CH2=CHC(=O)OC2H4NHC(=O)C17H35
CH2=CHC(=O)OC2H4NHC(=O)C15H31
CH2=CHC(=O)OC2H4NHC(=O)C17H35とCH2=CHC(=O)OC2H4NHC(=O)C15H31との混合物
[上記式中、nは6~40であり、mは1~6である。]
アミド基含有単量体は不純物としてのマイケル付加生成物を有し得る。マイケル付加生成物はアミド基含有単量体にアルコールが付加した構造を有し、アミド基含有単量体の2量体にアルコールが付加した構造であってもよい。ここで、アルコールはアミド基含有単量であるアミド基含有アルコールであってもよいし、原料エステルの分解により生じるアルコールであってもよい。
R12-C(=O)NH-Y1-O-CH2CH(-R11)C(=O)O-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12
R13-O-CH2CH(-R11)C(=O)O-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12
で表される化合物が挙げられ、具体例としては、
等が挙げられる。
R12-C(=O)NH-Y1-O-CH2C(CH2CH(-R11)C(=O)O-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12)(-R11)C(=O)O-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12
R13-O-CH2C(CH2CH(-R11)C(=O)O-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12)(-R11)C(=O)O-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12
で表される化合物が挙げられ、具体例としては、
等が挙げられる。
本開示におけるアミド基含有単量体の製造方法は、
下記式:
HO-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12
[式中、
Y1が2~4価の炭素数1~6の炭化水素基であり、
R12が一価の炭素数6~40の炭化水素基である。]
で表されるアミド基含有アルコールから
下記式:
CH2=C(-R11)C(=O)O-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12
[式中、
R11が水素原子、一価の有機基又はハロゲン原子であり、
Y1が2~4価の炭素数1~6の炭化水素基であり、
R12が一価の炭素数6~40の炭化水素基である。]
で表されるアミド基含有単量体を得る、エステル交換反応工程を含み、
前記アミド基含有アルコールの不純物として存在するNa、K及びLiの合計量が300ppm以下である。
本開示におけるアミド基含有単量体の製造方法はエステル交換反応工程を含む。エステル交換反応工程においては、アミド基含有アルコールと原料エステルとを必要により触媒を用いて反応させてアミド基含有単量体を得ることができる。
本開示におけるアミド基含有アルコールは、下記式:
HO-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12
[式中、
Y1が2~4価の炭素数1~6の炭化水素基であり、
R12が一価の炭素数6~40の炭化水素基である。]
で表され、不純物として存在するNa、K及びLiの合計量が300ppm以下である。
アミド基含有アルコールは不純物としてのアルカリ金属元素、特にNa、K及びLiからなる群から選択された少なくとも一種を有し得る。アルカリ金属元素は、塩、酸化物、水酸化物、アルコラート又はイオンの状態で存在し得る。
原料エステルは、下記式:
CH2=C(-R11)C(=O)OR13
[式中、
R11が水素原子、一価の有機基又はハロゲン原子であり、
R13は一価の有機基である。]
で表さる。
エステル交換反応は必要により触媒を用いてもよい。触媒の例としては、特に限定されず、公知のエステル交換触媒を用いることができ、触媒は均一触媒又は不均一触媒であってよい。触媒の例としては、酸化バリウム、酸化鉛、酸化亜鉛、酸化ジルコニウム等の酸化物水酸化すず、水酸化鉛、水酸化ニッケル等の水酸化物塩化すず、塩化鉛、塩化ジルコニウム、塩化ニッケル等の塩化物、炭酸鉛、炭酸亜鉛、炭酸ニッケル、炭酸ルビジウム等の炭酸塩、炭酸水素ルビジウム、炭酸水素セシウム等の炭酸水素塩、リン酸ルビジウム、リン酸鉛、リン酸亜鉛、リン酸ニッケル等のリン酸塩、硝酸鉛、硝酸亜鉛、硝酸ニッケル等の硝酸塩、酢酸鉛、酢酸亜鉛、酢酸ニッケル等の酢酸塩、テトラメトキシチタン、テトラエトキシチタン、テトラブトキシチタン、テトライソプロポキシチタン、テトラプロポキシジルコニウム、テトラブトキシジルコニウム等のアルコキシ化合物、亜鉛アセチルアセトナート、ニッケルアセチルアセトナート、ジブトキシチタンアセチルアセトナート、チタンアセチルアセトナート、マグネシウムアセチルアセトナート、ジブトキシ錫アセチルアセトナート等のアセチルアセトナート錯体化合物、ジメチル錫オキサイド、ジブチル錫オキサイド、ジブチル錫アセテート、ジブチル錫ジラウレート等の錫化合物、チタントリエタノールアミネート(チタンジイソプロポキシビス(トリエタノールアミネート))のようなキレート化合物等が挙げられる。触媒の使用量は原料エステルとアミド基含有アルコールの総量に対して0.02~10重量%の範囲であり、より好ましくは0.1~5重量%の範囲である。
原料エステルや生成物のアミド基含有単量体の重合を抑止する観点から、重合禁止剤を用いることが好ましい。重合禁止剤としては、公知慣用のポリマー合成の重合禁止剤を特に制限無く用いることができる。重合禁止剤の例としては、ベンゾキノン、ハイドロキノン、カテコール、ジフェニルベンゾキノン、ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル、ナフトキノン、t-ブチルカテコール、t-ブチルフェノール、ジメチル-t-ブチルフェノール、t-ブチルクレゾール、フェノチアジン等が挙げられ、これらは1種又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いても良い。
エステル交換反応は、溶媒の非存在下でも、エステル交換反応の反応物に影響を与えない適切な溶媒の存在下でも行うことが出来る。
本開示におけるアミド基含有単量体の製造方法は、エステル交換反応前において、アミド基含有アルコールの不純物として存在するアルカリ金属元素、特にNa、K及びLiを低減する、低減工程を含んでもよい。低減工程は特に限定されるものではないが、水洗又はアルカリ吸着処理によりアミド基含有アルコールの不純物として存在するNa、K及びLiの量を低減してもよい。
本開示におけるアミド基含有単量体の製造方法は、エステル交換反応生成物であるアミド基含有単量体を精製する工程を含んでもよい。例えば、必要ならばエステル交換反応生成物をカラムによる分取等で精製してもよい。
本開示におけるアミド基含有重合体は、上述のアミド基含有単量体から誘導された繰り返し単位を有する。本開示におけるアミド基含有重合体は、さらに、炭化水素系単量体、架橋性単量体、及びハロゲン化オレフィンからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種から誘導された繰り返し単位を有してもよい。本開示におけるアミド基含有重合体は炭素数8以上のフルオロアルキル基、炭素数8以上のパーフルオロアルキル基、パーフルオロアルキル基、フルオロアルキル基、又はフッ素原子を有しなくてもよい。
炭化水素系単量体は、一のエチレン性不飽和二重結合及び炭素数6~40の炭化水素基を有する。ただし、上述したアミド基含有単量体は含まない。
CH2=C(-R21)-C(=O)-Y2-(R22)j
[式中、
R21は水素原子、一価の有機基又はハロゲン原子であり、
Y2は直接結合、2~4価の炭素数1の炭化水素基、-C6H4-、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-及び-NR’-(R’は、水素原子又は炭素数1~4の炭化水素基)から選ばれる少なくとも一以上で構成される2~4価の基であり、
R22は炭素数6~40の炭化水素基であり、
jは1~3である。]
で示される単量体であってよい。
[式中、Y’はそれぞれ独立して、直接結合、-O-、-NR’-(R’は、水素原子又は炭素数1~4の炭化水素基)又は-S(=O)2-であり、
X’は-(CH2)m-(mは1~5の整数である)、炭素数1~5の不飽和結合を有する直鎖状の炭化水素基、炭素数1~5の枝分かれ構造を有する炭化水素基、又は-(CH2)l-C6H4-(CH2)l-(lはそれぞれ独立して0~5の整数であり、-C6H4-はフェニレン基である)である。]
であってよい。Y2は2価の炭化水素基のみでないことが好ましい。
[式中、mは1~5の整数、特に2又は4である。]
であることが好ましい。Y2は、-O-、-O-(CH2)m-O-C(=O)-NH-、-O-(CH2)m-NH-C(=O)-O-、-O-(CH2)m-NH-S(=O)2-又は-O-(CH2)m-S(=O)2-NH-(例えば-O-)であることがより好ましい。
CH2=CHC(=O)OCnH2n+1
CH2=CHC(=O)OC18H37
CH2=CHC(=O)OC16H33
CH2=CHC(=O)OC2H4OC(=O)NHCnH2n+1
CH2=CHC(=O)OC2H4NHC(=O)OCnH2n+1
CH2=CHC(=O)OC2H4NHC(=O)NHCnH2n+1
CH2=CHC(=O)OC4H8OC(=O)NHCnH2n+1
CH2=CHC(=O)OC2H4OC(=O)NHC18H37
CH2=CHC(=O)OC2H4NHC(=O)OC18H37
CH2=CHC(=O)NHCmH2mOC(=O)NHCnH2n+1
CH2=CHC(=O)OCmH2mNHSO2CnH2n+1
CH2=CHC(=O)OCmH2mSO2NHCnH2n+1
[上記式中、nは6~40であり、mは1~6である。]
アミド基含有重合体は、ハロゲン化オレフィン単量体から誘導された繰り返し単位を有してよい。ハロゲン化オレフィン単量体は、フッ素原子を有しないことが好ましい。ハロゲン化オレフィン単量体は、1~10の塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子で置換されている炭素数2~20のオレフィンであることが好ましい。ハロゲン化オレフィン単量体は、炭素数2~20の塩素化オレフィン、特に1~5の塩素原子を有する炭素数2~5のオレフィンであることが好ましい。ハロゲン化オレフィン単量体の好ましい具体例は、ハロゲン化ビニル、例えば塩化ビニル、臭化ビニル、ヨウ化ビニル、ハロゲン化ビニリデン、例えば塩化ビニリデン、臭化ビニリデン、ヨウ化ビニリデンである。撥水性(特に撥水性の耐久性)が高くなるので、塩化ビニルが好ましい。ハロゲン化オレフィン単量体から誘導された繰り返し単位が存在することにより、アミド基含有重合体が与える洗濯耐久性が高くなる。
アミド基含有重合体は架橋性単量体から誘導される繰り返し単位を有してよい。架橋性単量体は重合体に架橋性を付与することが可能な単量体であって、反応性基及びオレフィン性炭素-炭素二重結合からなる群から選択される少なくとも二を有してよい。架橋性単量体は、少なくとも二のエチレン性不飽和二重結合を有する化合物、又は少なくとも一のエチレン性不飽和二重結合及び少なくとも一の反応性基を有する化合物であってよい。
アミド基含有重合体は上述した単量体以外のその他単量体から誘導された繰り返し単位を含有してもよい。
アミド基含有単量体から誘導された繰り返し単位の量は、アミド基含有重合体に対して、5重量%以上、15重量%以上、20重量%以上、25重量%以上、35重量%以上、45重量%以上、55重量%以上、又は65重量%以上であってよい。アミド基含有単量体から誘導された繰り返し単位の量は、アミド基含有重合体に対して、98重量%以下、95重量%以下、90重量%以下、80重量%以下、70重量%以下又は60重量%以下であってよい。
本開示におけるアミド基含有重合体の製造方法は、上記アミド基含有単量体を重合する、重合工程を含む。重合工程において、さらに、アミド基含有単量体以外の単量体、例えば炭化水素系単量体、架橋性単量体、及びハロゲン化オレフィンからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種を重合してもよい。単量体仕込み比は所望のアミド基含有重合体の組成に応じて変更されることができ、所望のアミド基含有重合体の組成と同様の単量体仕込み比であってよい。
本開示における分散液(好ましくは水分散液)は少なくとも、上述したアミド基含有単量体を重合して得られるアミド基含有重合体を含む。さらに、下記で説明する成分の少なくとも一種を含んでもよい。本開示における分散液は、撥水剤組成物又は耐油剤組成物として用いることができ、例えば具体的な用途の例としては、外的処理剤(表面処理剤)または内的処理剤、撥剤(撥水剤、撥油剤又は撥水撥油剤)、防汚剤、汚れ脱離剤、剥離剤、離型剤(外部離型剤又は内部離型剤)等が挙げられる。
アミド基含有重合体の量は、分散液に対して、0.01重量%以上、0.5重量%以上、1重量%以上、3重量%以上、5重量%以上、10重量%以上、20重量%以上、30重量%以上であってよい。アミド基含有重合体の量は、分散液に対して、60重量%以下、50重量%以下、40重量%以下、30重量%以下、20重量%以下、10重量%以下、5重量%以下、又は3重量%以下であってよい。例えば、保管時においては、高濃度で保管しておき、撥剤として用いる際に必要に応じて液状媒体を添加して任意の濃度に希釈して使用してもよい。本開示における分散液は製品安定性が向上したことにより、従来安定性の面から供給に問題のあった高濃度品を供給することが可能となり得る。
分散液は、炭化水素系ポリウレタンを含んでもよい。炭素数5~40の炭化水素基を有するポリウレタンであってよい。炭素数5~40の炭化水素基の炭素数は6以上、8以上、10以上、12以上、14以上、16以上、又は18以上であってよく、好ましくは10以上、より好ましくは12以上である。炭素数5~40の炭化水素基の炭素数は40以下、35以下、30以下、25以下、20以下、15以下、又は10以下であってよく、好ましくは30以下、より好ましくは25以下である。
[式中、それぞれのRは、独立して、-H、-R1、-C(O)R1、-(CH2CH2O)n(CH(CH3)CH2O)mR2、又は-(CH2CH2O)n(CH(CH3)CH2O)mC(O)R1であり、
それぞれのnは、独立して0~20であり、
それぞれのmは、独立して0~20であり、
m+nは、0より大きく、
それぞれのR1は、独立して、任意選択的に少なくとも1つの不飽和結合を含む炭素数5~40の炭化水素基であり、
それぞれのR2は、独立して、-H、又は任意選択的に少なくとも1つの不飽和結合を含む炭素数5~40の炭化水素基であり、
それぞれのR3は、独立して、-H、-R1、-C(O)R1、-(CH2CH2O)n'(CH(CH3)CH2O)m'R2、又は-(CH2CH2O)n'(CH(CH3)CH2O)m'C(O)R1であり、
それぞれのR4は、独立して、-H、任意選択的に少なくとも1つの不飽和結合を含む炭素数5~40の炭化水素基、又はこれらの組み合わせ;-(CH2CH2O)n'(CH(CH3)CH2O)m'R2;又は-(CH2CH2O)n'(CH(CH3)CH2O)m'C(O)R1;であり、
それぞれのn'は、独立して0~20であり、
それぞれのm'は、独立して0~20であり、
m'+n'は、0より大きい、
それぞれのR19は、-H、-C(O)R1、又は-CH2C[CH2OR]3である。]
で示される化合物である。
前記化合物が式(Ib)である場合に、少なくとも1つのR2、R3又はR4が-Hであることを条件とし、
前記化合物が式(Ic)である場合に、少なくとも1つのR19又はRが-Hであることを条件とする。
本開示における分散液が含む炭化水素系撥水性樹脂はアミド基含有重合体又は炭化水素系ポリウレタンに限定されない。炭化水素系アクリル重合体又は炭化水素系ポリウレタンに代えて、又は、加えて、その他の炭化水素系撥水性樹脂を用いることができる。その他の炭化水素系撥水性樹脂の例としては、炭化水素基を末端に有するデンドリマー系樹脂が挙げられる。デンドリマー系樹脂としてはルドルフ社製RUCO-DRYシリーズ(例えば、RUCO-DRY DHE、RUCO-DRY ECO、RUCO-DRY ECO PLUS)等が挙げられる。
本開示における分散液は、アミド基含有重合体とは別に、シリコーンを含んでもよい。シリコーンを含むことで、撥水性、耐油性、及び保存安定性を良好に兼ね備え得る。
(R53)3Si-O-[-Si(R51)2-O-]a-[-Si(R51)2-O-]b-Si(R53)3 (S1)
[式中、R51のそれぞれは、独立に、水素原子、炭素数1~40のアルキル基、炭素数6~40のアリール基又は炭素数1~40のアルコキシ基を表し、
R53のそれぞれは、独立に、水素原子、炭素数1~40のアルキル基、炭素数6~40のアリール基、炭素数1~40のアルコキシ基又は炭素数1~40の飽和の炭化水素基を表し、
aは0以上の整数を表し、bは1以上の整数を表し、(a+b)は5~200である。]
で示される重合体であってよい。
R51及びR53の具体例は、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基、オクチル基、ノニル基、デシル基、ドデシル基、テトラデシル基、ヘキサデシル基、オクタデシル基;シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、シクロヘプチル基;フェニル基、トリル基、ナフチル基、又はこれらの基に結合する水素原子の一部又は全部がハロゲン原子、アミノ基、シアノ基等で置換された基等が挙げられる。R51及びR53は、メチル基又はエチル基であることが好ましい。
R51及びR53において、炭素数1~40のアルコキシ基は、直鎖状であっても分岐状であってもよい。炭素数1~40のアルコキシ基の例は、メトキシ基、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基、ブトキシ基である。
(R53)3Si-O-[-Si(R51)2-O-]a-[-Si(R51)(R52)-O-]b-Si(R53)3 (S2)
[式中、R51のそれぞれは、独立に、水素原子、炭素数1~40のアルキル基、炭素数6~40のアリール基、炭素数1~40のアルコキシ基、又は長鎖炭化水素基を表し、
R52のそれぞれは、独立に、長鎖炭化水素基を表し、
R53のそれぞれは、独立に、水素原子、炭素数1~40のアルキル基、炭素数6~40のアリール基、炭素数1~40のアルコキシ基、又は長鎖炭化水素基を表し、
aは0以上の整数を表し、bは1以上の整数を表し、(a+b)は5~200である。]
で示される重合体であってよい。
式(S2)において、R51及びR53は、炭素数3~40のアルキル基又は炭素数6~40の不飽和炭化水素基(例えば芳香族環を有する炭化水素基)を有していてもよいが、これら基を有しないことが好ましい。
ヒドロシリル化反応は、必要に応じて触媒の存在下、上記SiH基を有するシリコーンに、α-オレフィンを段階的に或いは一度に反応させることにより行ってもよい。
ヒドロシリル化反応は、不活性ガス雰囲気下で行うことが好ましい。不活性ガスとしては、例えば、窒素、アルゴン等が挙げられる。無溶媒下でも反応は進行するが、溶媒を使用してもよい。溶媒としては、例えば、ジオキサン、メチルイソブチルケトン、トルエン、キシレン、酢酸ブチル等が挙げられる。
シリコーンは反応性シリコーンを含んでいてよい。反応性シリコーンには、側鎖、片末端、両末端、又は側鎖及び両末端において、反応基を有するポリシロキサンが挙げられるが、耐滑脱性に優れると同時に撥水性に優れる観点から、側鎖及び/又は両末端に反応基を有するポリシロキサンであってもよい。反応性シリコーンとしては、分子内に反応基を有するものであれば、特に限定されないが、たとえば、アミノ変性シリコーン、エポキシ変性シリコーン、カルボキシ変性シリコーン、ハイドロジェン変成シリコーン等が挙げられる。反応性シリコーンは上述の式(S1)又は式(S2)における一以上の置換基が反応基に置換されたものであってよい。
シリコーンの量は、アミド基含有重合体100重量部に対して、0.1重量部以上、1重量部以上、3重量部以上、5重量部以上、10重量部以上、15重量部以上、又は20重量部以上であってよい。シリコーンの量は、アミド基含有重合体100重量部に対して、50重量部以下、40重量部以下、30重量部以下、20重量部以下、10重量部以下、又は5重量部以下であってよい。
本開示における分散液は、アミド基含有重合体とは別に、ワックスを含んでもよい。ワックスを含むことで、撥水性、耐油性、及び保存安定性を良好に兼ね備え得る。本開示における分散液はシリコーン及びワックスの両方を含んでもよいし、シリコーン及びワックスのいずれか一方のみを含んでもよい。
ワックスの量は、アミド基含有重合体100重量部に対して、0.1重量部以上、1重量部以上、3重量部以上、5重量部以上、10重量部以上、15重量部以上、又は20重量部以上であってよい。ワックスの量は、アミド基含有重合体100重量部に対して、50重量部以下、40重量部以下、30重量部以下、20重量部以下、10重量部以下、5重量部以下であってよい。
分散液は液状媒体を含む。分散液は液状媒体として水を含む水分散液であることが好ましい。液状媒体は水、有機溶媒、又は水と有機溶媒との混合物である。好ましくは水と有機溶媒との混合物である。有機溶媒を含むことにより、撥水性、耐油性、及び保存安定性を良好に兼ね備え得る。
液状媒体の量は、分散液に対して、40重量%以上、50重量%以上、60重量%以上、70重量%以上、80重量%以上、90重量%以上、95重量%以上、又は97重量%以上であってよい。液状媒体の量は、分散液に対して、99.9重量%以下、99重量%以下、95重量%以下、90重量%以下、80重量%以下、70重量%以下、60重量%以下、又は50重量%以下であってよい。
分散液は有機酸を含んでもよい。有機酸としては、公知のものを用いることができる。有機酸としては、カルボン酸、スルホン酸、スルフィン酸等が好ましく挙げられ、特にカルボン酸が好ましい。該カルボン酸としては、ギ酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、酪酸、シュウ酸、コハク酸、グルタル酸、アジピン酸、リンゴ酸、クエン酸等が挙げられ、特にギ酸又は酢酸が好ましい。本開示においては、有機酸は、一種を用いてもよく、二種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。たとえば、ギ酸と酢酸とを組み合わせて用いてもよい。
有機酸の量は、アミド基含有重合体100重量部に対して、0.1重量部以上、1重量部以上、3重量部以上、5重量部以上、10重量部以上、15重量部以上、又は20重量部以上であってよい。有機酸の量は、アミド基含有重合体100重量部に対して、50重量部以下、40重量部以下、30重量部以下、20重量部以下、10重量部以下、又は5重量部以下であってよい。分散液のpHが、3~10、例えば5~9、特に6~8となるように有機酸の量は調整されてもよい。分散液は酸性(pH7以下、例えば6以下)であってもよい。
分散液は、界面活性剤を含むことが好ましい。分散液において、界面活性剤は、ノニオン性界面活性剤を含んでよい。界面活性剤を含むことにより、撥水性、耐油性、及び保存安定性を良好に兼ね備え得る。さらに、界面活性剤は、カチオン性界面活性剤、アニオン性界面活性剤、及び両性界面活性剤から選択された一種以上の界面活性剤を含んでもよい。ノニオン性界面活性剤とカチオン性界面活性剤の組み合わせを用いることが好ましい。
ノニオン性界面活性剤の例としては、エーテル、エステル、エステルエーテル、アルカノールアミド、多価アルコール及びアミンオキシドが挙げられる。
アミンオキシドは、アミン(二級アミン又は好ましくは三級アミン)の酸化物(例えば炭素数5~50)であってよい。
ノニオン性界面活性剤は、エーテル、エステル、エステルエーテル、アルカノールアミド、多価アルコール及びアミンオキシドからなる群から選択されており、オキシアルキレン基を有するノニオン性界面活性剤であることが好ましい。
また、ノニオン性界面活性剤は、環境上の問題(生分解性、環境ホルモン等)から芳香族基を含まない構造が好ましい。
R1O-(CH2CH2O)p-(R2O)q-R3
[式中、R1は炭素数1~22のアルキル基又は炭素数2~22のアルケニル基又はアシル基であり、
R2のそれぞれは、独立的に同一又は異なって、炭素数3以上(例えば、3~10)のアルキレン基であり、
R3は水素原子、炭素数1~22のアルキル基又は炭素数2~22のアルケニル基であり、
pは2以上の数であり、
qは0又は1以上の数である。]
で示される化合物であってよい。
R2の例は、プロピレン基、ブチレン基である。
ノニオン性界面活性剤において、pは3以上の数(例えば、5~200)であってよい。qは、2以上の数(例えば5~200)であってよい。すなわち、-(R2O)q-がポリオキシアルキレン鎖を形成してもよい。
ノニオン性界面活性剤は、中央に親水性のポリオキシエチレン鎖と疎水性のオキシアルキレン鎖(特に、ポリオキシアルキレン鎖)を含有したポリオキシエチレンアルキレンアルキルエーテルであってよい。疎水性のオキシアルキレン鎖としては、オキシプロピレン鎖、オキシブチレン鎖、スチレン鎖等が挙げられるが、中でも、オキシプロピレン鎖が好ましい。
ノニオン性界面活性剤の平均分子量は、一般に300~5,000、例えば、500~3,000である。
ノニオン界面活性剤は、HLB(親水性疎水性バランス)が15未満(特に5以下)である化合物とHLBが15以上である化合物の混合物であってよい。HLBが15未満である化合物の例は、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステルである。HLBが15以上である化合物の例はポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルである。HLB15未満の化合物とHLB15以上の化合物の重量比は、90:10~20:80、例えば85:15~55:45であってよい。
ノニオン性界面活性剤は、一種単独であってよく、あるいは二種以上の混合物であってもよい。
カチオン性界面活性剤は、アミド基を有しない化合物であることが好ましい。
R21-N+(-R22)(-R23)(-R24) X-
[式中、R21、R22、R23及びR24は炭素数1~40の炭化水素基、
Xはアニオン性基である。]
の化合物である。
R21、R22、R23及び-R24の具体例は、アルキル基(例えば、メチル基、ブチル基、ステアリル基、パルミチル基)である。Xの具体例は、ハロゲン(例えば、塩素)、酸(例えば、塩酸、酢酸)である。
カチオン性界面活性剤は、モノアルキルトリメチルアンモニウム塩(アルキルの炭素数4~40)であることが特に好ましい。
R1 p-N+R2 qX-
[式中、R1はC12以上(例えばC12~C50)の直鎖状及び/又は分岐状の脂肪族(飽和及び/又は不飽和)基、
R2はH又はC1~4のアルキル基、ベンジル基、ポリオキシエチレン基(オキシエチレン基の数例えば1(特に2、特別には3)~50)
(CH3、C2H5が特に好ましい)、
Xはハロゲン原子(例えば、)、C1~C4の脂肪酸塩基、
pは1又は2、qは2又は3で、p+q=4である。]
で示されるアンモニウム塩であってよい。R1の炭素数は、12~50、例えば12~30であってよい。
界面活性剤の量は、アミド基含有重合体100重量部に対して、0.1重量部以上、1重量部以上、3重量部以上、5重量部以上、10重量部以上、15重量部以上、又は20重量部以上であってよい。界面活性剤の量は、アミド基含有重合体100重量部に対して、50重量部以下、40重量部以下、30重量部以下、20重量部以下、10重量部以下、5重量部以下であってよい。
カチオン性界面活性剤の量は、界面活性剤の全量に対して、5重量%以上、好ましくは10重量%以上、より好ましくは20重量%以上であってよい。ノニオン性界面活性剤とカチオン性界面活性剤の重量比は、好ましくは95:5~20:80、より好ましくは85:15~40:60である。
カチオン性界面活性剤の量は、アミド基含有重合体100重量部に対して、0.05~10重量部、例えば、0.1~8重量部であってよい。界面活性剤の合計量は、アミド基含有重合体100重量部に対して、0.1~20重量部、例えば、0.2~10重量部であってよい。
分散液は、硬化剤(活性水素反応性化合物又は活性水素含有化合物)を含んでよい。重合してアミド基含有重合体を得た後に、分散液に硬化剤を加えてもよい。
ポリイソシアネート化合物として、ポリイソシアネート化合物のイソシアネート基をブロック剤でブロックした化合物であるブロック化ポリイソシアネート化合物(ブロックイソシアネート)を使用することが好ましい。水溶液中でも比較的安定であり、分散液と同じ水溶液中でも使用可能である等の理由からブロック化ポリイソシアネート化合物を使用することが好ましい。
クロロメチル基含有化合物はクロロメチル基を有する化合物である。クロロメチル基含有化合物の例は、クロロメチルポリスチレン等である。
カルボキシル基含有化合物はカルボキシル基を有する化合物である。カルボキシル基含有化合物の例は、(ポリ)アクリル酸、(ポリ)メタクリル酸等である。
ヒドラジド化合物の具体例としては、ヒドラジン、カルボヒドラジド、アジピン酸ヒドラジド等が挙げられる。
メラミン化合物の具体例としては、メラミン樹脂、メチルエーテル化メラミン樹脂等が挙げられる。
硬化剤の量は、アミド基含有重合体100重量部に対して、0.1重量部以上、1重量部以上、3重量部以上、5重量部以上、10重量部以上、15重量部以上、又は20重量部以上であってよい。硬化剤の量は、アミド基含有重合体100重量部に対して、50重量部以下、40重量部以下、30重量部以下、20重量部以下、10重量部以下、5重量部以下であってよい。
分散液は、上記成分以外の他の成分を含んでよい。他の成分の例としては、撥水及び/又は撥油剤、スリップ防止剤、帯電防止剤、防腐剤、紫外線吸収剤、抗菌剤、消臭剤、香料等が挙げられる。これらは単独で用いてもよいし、又は二以上を併用して用いてもよい。前記の成分以外に、その他成分として、風合い調整剤、柔軟剤、抗菌剤、難燃剤、塗料定着剤、防シワ剤、乾燥速度調整剤、架橋剤、造膜助剤、相溶化剤、凍結防止剤、粘度調整剤、紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤、pH調整剤、防虫剤、消泡剤、縮み防止剤、洗濯じわ防止剤、形状保持剤、ドレープ性保持剤、アイロン性向上剤、増白剤、白化剤、布地柔軟化クレイ、ポリビニルピロリドン等の移染防止剤、高分子分散剤、汚れ剥離剤、スカム分散剤、4,4-ビス(2-スルホスチリル)ビフェニルジナトリウム(チバスペシャルティケミカルズ製チノパールCBS-X)等の蛍光増白剤、染料固定剤、1,4-ビス(3-アミノプロピル)ピペラジン等の退色防止剤、染み抜き剤、繊維表面改質剤としてセルラーゼ、アミラーゼ、プロテアーゼ、リパーゼ、ケラチナーゼ等の酵素、抑泡剤、水分吸放出性等絹の風合い・機能を付与できるものとしてシルクプロテインパウダー、それらの表面改質物、乳化分散液があり、具体的にはK-50、K-30、K-10、A-705、S-702、L-710、FPシリーズ(出光石油化学)、加水分解シルク液(上毛)、シルクゲンGソルブルS(一丸ファルコス)、アルキレンテレフタレート及び/又はアルキレンイソフタレート単位とポリオキシアルキレン単位からなる非イオン性高分子化合物、例えば互応化学工業製FR627、クラリアントジャパン製SRC-1等の汚染防止剤等を配合することができる。これらは単独で使用してもよく、また二以上を併用して使用してもよい。
帯電防止剤の例としては、第4級アンモニウム塩、ピリジニウム塩、第1、第2、第3アミノ基等のカチオン性官能基を有すカチオン型帯電防止剤;スルホン酸塩や硫酸エステル塩、ホスホン酸塩、リン酸エステル塩等のアニオン性官能基を有するアニオン型帯電防止剤;アルキルベタイン及びその誘導体、イミダゾリン及びその誘導体、アラニン及びその誘導体等の両性型帯電防止剤、アミノアルコール及びその誘導体、グリセリン及びその誘導体、ポリエチレングリコール及びその誘導体等のノニオン型帯電防止剤等が挙げられる。これらのカチオン型、アニオン型、両性イオン型のイオン導電性基を有する単量体を重合若しくは共重合して得られたイオン導電性重合体であってもよい。これらは単独で使用してもよく、また二以上を併用してもよい。
防腐剤は、主に、防腐力、殺菌力を強化し、長期保存中の防腐性を保つために用いられ得る。防腐剤としては、例えば、イソチアゾロン系有機硫黄化合物、ベンズイソチアゾロン系有機硫黄化合物、安息香酸類、2-ブロモ-2-ニトロ-1,3-プロパンジオール等が挙げられる。防腐剤の含有量は、分散液の総重量に対し、0.0001~1重量%であることが好ましい。防腐剤の含有量が前記範囲の下限値以上であると、防腐剤の添加効果が充分に得られ、上限値以下であると、分散液の保存安定性が良好である。
紫外線吸収剤は、紫外線を防御する効果のある薬剤であり、紫外線を吸収し、赤外線や可視光線等に変換して放出する成分である。紫外線吸収剤としては、例えば、アミノ安息香酸誘導体、サリチル酸誘導体、ケイ皮酸誘導体、ベンゾフェノン誘導体、アゾール系化合物、4-t-ブチル-4'-メトキシベンゾイルメタン等が挙げられる。
抗菌剤は、繊維上での菌の増殖を抑え、さらには微生物の分解物由来の嫌なにおいの発生を抑える効果を有する成分である。抗菌剤としては、例えば、四級アンモニウム塩等のカチオン性殺菌剤、ビス-(2-ピリジルチオ-1-オキシド)亜鉛、ポリヘキサメチレンビグアニジン塩酸塩、8-オキシキノリン、ポリリジン等が挙げられる。
消臭剤としては、クラスターデキストリン、メチル-β-シクロデキストリン、2-ヒドロキシプロピル-β-シクロデキストリン、モノアセチル-β-シクロデキストリン、アシルアミドプロピルジメチルアミンオキシド、アミノカルボン酸系金属錯体(国際公開第2012/090580号記載のメチルグリシンジ酢酸3ナトリウムの亜鉛錯体)等が挙げられる。
香料としては特に限定されないが、使用できる香料原料のリストは、様々な文献、例えば「Perfume and Flavor Chemicals 」,Vol.Iand II,Steffen Arctander,Allured Pub.Co.(1994)及び「合成香料 化学と商品知識」、印藤元一著、化学工業日報社(1996)及び「Perfume and Flavor Materials of Natural Origin 」,Steffen Arctander,Allured Pub.Co.(1994)及び「香りの百科」、日本香料協会編、朝倉書店(1989)及び「Perfumery Material Performance V.3.3」,Boelens Aroma Chemical Information Service(1996)及び「Flower oils and Floral Compounds In Perfumery」,Danute Lajaujis Anonis,Allured Pub.Co.(1993)等で見られ、それぞれを引用することにより本明細書の開示の一部とされる。
他の成分の量は、アミド基含有重合体100重量部に対して、0.1重量部以上、1重量部以上、3重量部以上、5重量部以上、10重量部以上、15重量部以上、又は20重量部以上であってよい。他の成分の量は、アミド基含有重合体100重量部に対して、50重量部以下、40重量部以下、30重量部以下、20重量部以下、10重量部以下、5重量部以下であってよい。
本開示における分散液、撥水剤組成物、又は耐油剤組成物の製造方法は、上述したアミド基含有重合体の製造方法によりアミド基含有重合体を製造する、重合体製造工程を含む。
本開示における処理された製品は基材が上述した撥水剤組成物又は耐油剤組成物(「撥水剤組成物又は耐油剤組成物」を単に「撥水剤組成物」ともいう)で処理されたものであり、好適には処理された製品は繊維製品又は紙製品である。
本開示における繊維製品又は紙製品の製造方法は、上述した撥水剤組成物又は耐油剤組成物の製造方法により、撥水剤組成物又は耐油剤組成物を製造する、撥水剤組成物又は耐油剤組成物製造工程;及び
前記撥水剤組成物又は前記耐油剤組成物で基材を処理する、処理工程を含む。
繊維製品は、本開示の撥水剤組成物で処理する前に前処理されていてもよい。繊維製品の前処理を行うことで、撥水剤組成物で処理後の繊維製品に優れた堅牢性を付与し得る。
(i)繊維材料に、上記特定官能基を有する化合物を付着させる。なお、化合物の付着は、上記特定官能基が十分な量で残される範囲で化合物の一部と繊維の一部とが化学的に結合している状態であってもよい。
(ii)繊維を構成する材料に上記特定官能基が直接導入されている繊維を用意する。
[式中、X1又はX2は上記と同義であり、X3は炭素数1~22のアルキル基を示す。]
ム、炭酸ナトリウム、硫酸アンモニウム、硫酸ナトリウムが挙げられる。
(原料アルコールの水洗処理)
ステアリン酸モノエタノールアミド(C18-OH)が65mass%、パルミチン酸モノエタノールアミド(C16-OH)が35mass%の混合物からなる市販の原料アルコール(以後、アミドアルコールAと称す)を以下の様にして水洗した。
2.冷却管、温度計をセットする。
3.60℃に加熱して、溶解させる。
4.60℃の温水、480gを徐々に加える。
5.攪拌を止め、30分静置させる。
6.減圧濾過し、沈殿物を回収。
7.濾過後の沈殿に100gの温純水を注ぎ、洗浄する。
8.沈殿物を110℃で4時間、乾燥する。
9.粉砕して回収。
○アルカリ吸着処理1
アミドアルコールAを以下の様にしてアルカリ吸着処理した。
処理後の原料アルコールをアミドアルコールDとする。
2.冷却管、温度計をセットする。
3.60℃に加熱して、溶解させる。
4.合成ケイ酸マグネシウム(比表面積:530m2/g)0.6gを加えて、90分間、攪拌する。
5.この溶液を熱いまま、加圧濾過し合成ケイ酸マグネシウムを除去する。
6.加熱減圧下でろ液からIPAを除去する。
7.粉砕して回収する。
アミドアルコールAを合成ケイ酸アルミニウム(比表面積:610m2/g)を1.2g加える以外は、原料アルコールAのアルカリ吸着処理1と同様の条件で処理した。
処理後の原料アルコールをアミドアルコールEとする。
アミドアルコールAを合成ケイ酸マグネシウム(比表面積:120m2/g)を1.8g加える以外は、原料アルコールAのアルカリ吸着処理1と同様の条件で処理した。
処理後の原料アルコールをアミドアルコールFとする。
(合成例1)
200ccの四つ口フラスコにアミドアルコールBを30g、アクリル酸メチルを38.92g、p-メトキシフェノールを0.03g仕込んだ。ディーンスターク管、冷却管、温度計を取り付けて、オイルバス中に浸漬した。80℃に昇温し内容物を溶解させ、GC用のサンプルを採取した。チタントリエタノールアミネートを1.38g仕込んで、空気流下、90℃に昇温し反応を開始した。アミドアルコールBの減少率をGCで追跡し、転化率が93%以上になるまで反応を続けた。その後、80℃に温度を下げ0.4gの純水を加えて1時間、攪拌した。内容物をナスフラスコへ移し、加熱減圧下にエバポレーターで過剰のアクリル酸メチルを除去し、固形物を得た。H1-NMR分析からステアリン酸アミドエチルアクリレートとパルミチン酸アミドエチルアクリレートの混合物が確認された。
表1に示す原料アルコールを使用し、原料アルコール以外は合成例1と同じ仕込み量、
同じ方法で合成反応を実施した。
表1に示す原料アルコールを使用し、原料アルコール以外は合成例1と同じ仕込み量、
同じ方法で合成反応を実施した。
(重合例1)
500mlのポリ容器に水溶性グリコール系溶剤 30g、合成例1のアミド基含有単量体 30g、ステアリルアクリレート49g、N-メチロールアクリルアミド 1g、純水 180g、カチオン系乳化剤 2g、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル 2g、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル 6gを仕込み80℃に加熱し、ホモミキサーで1分間、2000rpmで攪拌した後、超音波で15分間、乳化分散させた。乳化分散物を500mlのオートクレーブに移し、窒素置換後、ラウリルメルカプタン 0.2g、塩化ビニルを20g仕込んだ。更に2,2-アゾビス(2-アミジノプロパン)2塩酸塩 1gを添加し60℃で4時間反応させて重合体の水性分散液を得た。この分散液を更に純水で希釈して固形分濃度が30%の
水分散体1を調製した。
合成例2のアミド基含有単量体を用いた以外は重合例1と同じ仕込み組成、同じ方法で
重合反応を行い、純水で希釈して固形分濃度が30%の水分散体2を調製した。
合成例3のアミド基含有単量体を用いた以外は重合例1と同じ仕込み組成、同じ方法で
重合反応を行い、純水で希釈して固形分濃度が30%の水分散体3を調製した。
合成例4のアミド基含有単量体を用いた以外は重合例1と同じ仕込み組成、同じ方法で
重合反応を行い、純水で希釈して固形分濃度が30%の水分散体4を調製した。
比較合成例1のアミド基含有単量体を用いた以外は重合例1と同じ仕込み組成、同じ方法で重合反応を行い、純水で希釈して固形分濃度が30%の比較水分散体1を調製した。
窒素導入管、温度計、攪拌棒、還流管を備えた200ccの四つ口フラスコに合成例1のアミド基含有単量体39g、ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート 8g、ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレート 3g、メチルエチルケトン50g仕込み、窒素気流下、60℃で30分攪拌した。その後、0.5gのアゾビスイソブチロニトリルを加えて80℃まで昇温し、10時間、重合反応を実施した。得られた共重合体溶液に酢酸を1.7g、純水10gを加えて30分攪拌した。内容物を1Lのナスフラスコへ移し、更に純水を223g加えて、加熱減圧下、溶媒のメチルエチルケトンを除去し、水分散体を得た。この際、メチルエチルケトンとともに水も一部、留去した。得られた水分散体を更に純水で希釈して固形分濃度が15%の水分散体5が得られた。
合成例2のアミド基含有単量体を用いた以外は重合例5と同じ仕込み組成、同じ方法で
重合反応を行い、純水で希釈して固形分濃度が15%の水分散体6を調製した。
比較合成例1のアミド基含有単量体を用いた以外は重合例5と同じ仕込み組成、同じ方法で重合反応を行い、純水で希釈して固形分濃度が15%の比較水分散体2を調製した。
(布帛処理試験)
○試験例1
重合例1で調製した固形分濃度30%の水分散液1をさらに水道水で希釈して、固形分濃度
1%の処理液を調製した。この処理液にポリエステル布(グレー)、ナイロン布(ブラック)を浸漬した後、マングルで絞った。ウエットピックアップは約55%(ポリエステル布)、約35%(ナイロン布)だった。この処理布を170℃で1分間、ピンテンターに通し乾燥、キュアリングを行った。このようにして処理された試験布をJIS L-1092のスプレー法による撥水性試験で撥水性を評価した。撥水性の結果を表4に示す。また、JIS L-0217 103に従い、10回選択した後、タンブラーで60℃で30分間乾燥された試験布の撥水性の評価結果を同様に表4に示す。
重合例2~4で調製した固形分濃度30%の各水分散体2~4を試験例1と同様に固形分濃度が1%になるように水道水で希釈し、処理液を調製した。この処理液を用いて試験例1と同様に布を処理して撥水試験を行った結果を表4に示す。
比較重合例1で調製した固形分濃度30%の比較水分散体を試験例1と同様に固形分濃度が1%になるように水道水で希釈し、処理液を調製した。この処理液を用いて試験例1と同様に布を処理して撥水試験を行った結果を表4に示す。
○安定性試験例1~4
・40℃での自然沈降試験
図1に示す先の細くなった直径35mmの沈降管(先の細い部分の直径は8mm)に重合例1~4で調整した水分散体1~4を各200ml仕込んで40℃の雰囲気下に1ケ月保管した後、沈降量を測定した結果を表5に示す。ここで沈降量とは底部に溜まった沈降部分の高さ(mm)を意味する。
また、図2に示す先の細くなった直径30mmの遠心沈降管(先の細い部分の直径は8mm)に重合例1~4で調製した水分散体1~4を各30g投入し先の細い部分にゴム管をセットし遠心分離機で1000rpmで30分間まわした後、さらに2000rpmで30分間回した後の沈降量を測定した結果を表5に示す。ここで沈降量とは底部に溜まった沈降部分の高さ(mm)を意味する。
比較重合例1で調製した固形分濃度30%の比較水分散体1を安定性試験例1~4と同様に40℃での自然沈降試験、遠心沈降試験を行った結果を表5に示す。
固形分濃度が15%の水分散体5、6を使用して安定試験例1~4と同様の方法で40℃での自然沈降試験、遠心沈降試験を行った結果を表5に示す。
固形分濃度が15%の比較水分散体2を使用して安定試験例1~4と同様の方法で40℃での自然沈降試験、遠心沈降試験を行った結果を表5に示す。
○試験例5
木材パルプとして、LBKP(広葉樹さらしクラフトパルプ)とNBKP(針葉樹さらしクラフトパルプ)の重量比率が、60重量%と40重量%で、かつ、パルプのろ水度が400ml(Canadian Standard Freeness)のパルプスラリーを調製し、このパルプスラリーに湿潤紙力剤、サイズ剤を添加して長網抄紙機により、処理し紙密度が0.58g/cm3の坪量45g/m2の紙を得た。この紙の耐油性(KIT値)はゼロ、耐水性(Cobb値)は52g/m2であった。この紙を用いて以下のサイズプレス処理を実施した。
重合例6で得られた水分散体6を使用する以外は、試験例5と同様の方法にて紙を処理し、耐油紙(加工紙)を得た。得られた耐油紙の耐油性(KIT値)と耐水性(Cobb値)の評価結果を表6に示す。
比較重合例2で得られた比較水分散体2を使用する以外は、試験例5と同様の方法にて紙を処理し、耐油紙(加工紙)を得た。得られた耐油紙の耐油性(KIT値)と耐水性(Cobb値)の評価結果を表6に示す。
Claims (15)
- 下記式:
HO-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12
[式中、
Y1が2~4価の炭素数1~6の炭化水素基であり、
R12が一価の炭素数6~40の炭化水素基である。]
で表されるアミド基含有アルコールから
下記式:
CH2=C(-R11)C(=O)O-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12
[式中、
R11が水素原子、一価の有機基又はハロゲン原子であり、
Y1が2~4価の炭素数1~6の炭化水素基であり、
R12が一価の炭素数6~40の炭化水素基である。]
で表されるアミド基含有単量体を得る、エステル交換反応工程を含み、
前記アミド基含有アルコールの不純物として存在するNa、K及びLiの合計量が300ppm以下である、アミド基含有単量体の製造方法。 - 前記アミド基含有アルコールの不純物として存在するアルカリ金属元素の合計量が300ppm以下である、請求項1に記載のアミド基含有単量体の製造方法。
- 水洗又はアルカリ吸着処理により前記アミド基含有アルコールの不純物として存在するNa、K及びLiの量を低減する、低減工程を含む、請求項1又は2に記載のアミド基含有単量体の製造方法。
- 前記アミド基含有アルコールにおいて、R12が炭素数11以上の脂肪族炭化水素基である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のアミド基含有単量体の製造方法。
- 前記アミド基含有アルコールにおいて、
R11が水素原子又はメチル基であり、
Y1が炭素数2~4のアルキレン基であり、
R12が炭素数10~30の直鎖アルキル基である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のアミド基含有単量体の製造方法。 - 前記アミド基含有アルコールの不純物として存在するNa、K及びLiの合計量が30ppm以下である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のアミド基含有単量体の製造方法。
- 下記式:
HO-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12
[式中、
Y1が2~4価の炭素数1~6の炭化水素基であり、
R12が一価の炭素数6~40の炭化水素基である。]
で表されるアミド基含有アルコールから
下記式:
CH2=C(-R11)C(=O)O-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12
[式中、
R11が水素原子、一価の有機基又はハロゲン原子であり、
Y1が2~4価の炭素数1~6の炭化水素基であり、
R12が一価の炭素数6~40の炭化水素基である。]
で表されるアミド基含有単量体を得るエステル交換反応工程を含む、前記アミド基含有単量体の製造方法における、
不純物として存在するNa、K及びLiの合計量が300ppm以下であるアミド基含有アルコールの使用。 - 下記式:
CH2=C(-R11)C(=O)O-Y1-NHC(=O)-R12
[式中、
R11が水素原子、一価の有機基又はハロゲン原子であり、
Y1が2~4価の炭素数1~6の炭化水素基であり、
R12が一価の炭素数6~40の炭化水素基である。]
で表されるアミド基含有単量体であって、
前記アミド基含有単量体の不純物として存在するマイケル付加生成物の量が前記アミド基含有単量体に対して2重量%以下である、アミド基含有単量体。 - R12が炭素数11以上の脂肪族炭化水素基である、請求項8に記載のアミド基含有単量体。
- R11が水素原子又はメチル基であり、
Y1が炭素数2~4のアルキレン基であり、
R12が炭素数10以上30以下の直鎖アルキル基である、請求項8又は9に記載のアミド基含有単量体。 - 請求項8~10のいずれか一項に記載のアミド基含有単量体を重合する、重合工程を含む、アミド基含有重合体の製造方法。
- 前記重合工程において、さらに、炭化水素系単量体、架橋性単量体、及びハロゲン化オレフィンからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種を重合する、請求項11に記載のアミド基含有重合体の製造方法。
- 請求項11又は12に記載のアミド基含有重合体の製造方法によりアミド基含有重合体を製造する、重合体製造工程を含む、分散液の製造方法。
- 請求項11又は12に記載のアミド基含有重合体の製造方法によりアミド基含有重合体を製造する、重合体製造工程を含む、撥水剤組成物又は耐油剤組成物の製造方法。
- 請求項14に記載の製造方法により撥水剤組成物又は耐油剤組成物を製造する、撥水剤組成物又は耐油剤組成物製造工程;及び
前記撥水剤組成物又は前記耐油剤組成物で基材を処理する、処理工程を含む、処理された繊維製品又は紙製品の製造方法。
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| KR1020247027172A KR20240137024A (ko) | 2022-05-18 | 2023-05-09 | 아미드기 함유 단량체의 제조 방법 |
| CN202380027622.0A CN118891245A (zh) | 2022-05-18 | 2023-05-09 | 含酰胺基单体的制造方法 |
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| EP4509493A4 (en) | 2025-07-23 |
| TW202406890A (zh) | 2024-02-16 |
| CN118891245A (zh) | 2024-11-01 |
| JP2023170158A (ja) | 2023-12-01 |
| JP7448845B2 (ja) | 2024-03-13 |
| US20250051265A1 (en) | 2025-02-13 |
| EP4509493A1 (en) | 2025-02-19 |
| KR20240137024A (ko) | 2024-09-19 |
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