WO2023224414A1 - 배터리 진단 장치, 배터리 진단 방법, 배터리 팩 및 자동차 - Google Patents
배터리 진단 장치, 배터리 진단 방법, 배터리 팩 및 자동차 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023224414A1 WO2023224414A1 PCT/KR2023/006797 KR2023006797W WO2023224414A1 WO 2023224414 A1 WO2023224414 A1 WO 2023224414A1 KR 2023006797 W KR2023006797 W KR 2023006797W WO 2023224414 A1 WO2023224414 A1 WO 2023224414A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/16—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/003—Measuring mean values of current or voltage during a given time interval
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/10—Measuring sum, difference or ratio
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16528—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values using digital techniques or performing arithmetic operations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
- G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
- G01R19/16542—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16566—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
- G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3835—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
- G01R31/388—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC involving voltage measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to technology for diagnosing battery voltage abnormalities.
- lithium batteries have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based batteries, so they can be freely charged and discharged, and have a very high self-discharge rate. It is attracting attention due to its low and high energy density.
- Battery cell voltage abnormality refers to a fault condition in which the cell voltage abnormally drops and/or rises due to internal short-circuit, external short-circuit, failure of the voltage sensing line, poor connection with the charge/discharge line, etc.
- a diagnostic method using additional parameters must be accompanied by a detection process and mutual comparison process for each parameter, so it has the limitation of being relatively complex and requiring a long time compared to a diagnostic method using cell voltage as a single parameter.
- the present invention was devised to solve the above problems, and determines a moving average of the cell voltage of each of a plurality of battery cells for each unit of time, for each of at least one moving window having a predetermined time length,
- the purpose is to provide a battery diagnosis device, a battery diagnosis method, a battery pack, and a vehicle for efficiently and accurately diagnosing voltage abnormalities in each battery cell based on each moving average of each battery cell.
- a battery diagnosis device for achieving the above technical problem is a battery diagnosis device for a cell group including a plurality of series-connected battery cells mounted on an electric vehicle, and the battery diagnosis device for each battery cell periodically while the electric vehicle is running.
- a voltage sensing circuit configured to generate a voltage signal representing a voltage
- a control configured to accumulate and store the cell voltage determined from the voltage signal in a memory unit and generate time series data representing changes in the cell voltage of each battery cell over time using the accumulated cell voltage of each battery cell. May include circuits.
- control circuit determines a first average cell voltage and a second average cell voltage of each battery cell based on the time series data [wherein the first average cell voltage is a short-term moving average; the second average cell voltage is a long-term moving average], (ii) may be configured to detect a voltage abnormality of each battery cell based on the difference between the first average cell voltage and the second average cell voltage.
- control circuit determines, for each battery cell, a short-term and long-term average difference corresponding to the difference between the first average cell voltage and the second average cell voltage, and, for each battery cell, determines a short-term and long-term average difference of all battery cells. It may be configured to determine a cell diagnostic deviation corresponding to the average value of the short- and long-term average differences and the deviation between the short- and long-term average differences of the battery cells, and to detect battery cells that meet the condition that the cell diagnostic deviation exceeds the diagnostic threshold as cells with an abnormal voltage.
- control circuit Preferably, the control circuit generates, for each battery cell, time series data of cell diagnostic deviations, and determines the number of times the cell diagnostic deviation exceeds a diagnostic threshold or the data number of cell diagnostic deviations exceeding the diagnostic threshold. It may be configured to detect voltage abnormalities.
- control circuit determines, for each battery cell, a short-term and long-term average difference corresponding to the difference between the first average cell voltage and the second average cell voltage, and for each battery cell, the short- and long-term average difference of all battery cells.
- Determine the cell diagnostic deviation by calculating the average value of the average difference and the deviation of the short- and long-term average difference of the battery cells, determine a statistical variable threshold dependent on the standard deviation for the cell diagnosis deviation of all battery cells, and determine the cell diagnosis of each battery cell.
- Time-series data on deviations are filtered based on a statistical variable threshold to generate time-series data of filter diagnostic values, and the number of times the filter diagnostic value exceeds the diagnostic threshold or the number of data of the filter diagnostic value exceeding the diagnostic threshold is calculated from the number of times the filter diagnostic value exceeds the diagnostic threshold. It may be configured to detect voltage abnormalities.
- control circuit determines, for each battery cell, a short-term and long-term average difference corresponding to the difference between the first average cell voltage and the second average cell voltage, and for each battery cell, the short- and long-term average difference Determine the normalized value of Configured to generate time series data of filter diagnostic values by filtering based on a statistical variable threshold, and to detect voltage abnormalities in battery cells from the time when the filter diagnostic value exceeds the diagnostic threshold or the number of data of the filter diagnostic value exceeding the diagnostic threshold. It can be.
- control circuit may normalize the short-term and long-term average differences for each battery cell by dividing the short-term and long-term average differences by the average of the short-term and long-term average differences of all battery cells.
- control circuit may normalize the short-term and long-term average differences for each battery cell through a logarithmic operation of the short- and long-term average differences.
- control circuit monitors changes over time in the cell voltage of each battery cell using a voltage corresponding to the cell voltage difference between the average value of the cell voltage of all battery cells and the cell voltage of each battery cell, measured per unit time. It may be configured to generate time series data that represents
- control circuit determines, for each battery cell, a short-term and long-term average difference corresponding to the difference between the first average cell voltage and the second average cell voltage, and for each battery cell, the short- and long-term average difference Determine the normalized value of as the normalized cell diagnostic deviation, generate time series data of the normalized cell diagnostic deviation for each battery cell, and recursively repeat the following (i) to (iv) at least once for each battery cell. generate time series data of normalized cell diagnostic deviations for the battery cells;
- the profile regarding the time series data of the cell voltage of each battery cell includes voltage data below a preset diagnosis start voltage and may include an inflection point after the voltage data is measured. .
- step (e) includes: (e1) determining, for each battery cell, a short-term and long-term average difference corresponding to the difference between the first average cell voltage and the second average cell voltage; (e2) for each battery cell, determining a cell diagnosis deviation corresponding to the average value of the short-term and long-term average differences of all battery cells and the deviation of the short-term and long-term average differences of the battery cells; and (e3) detecting a battery cell that satisfies the condition that the cell diagnosis deviation exceeds the diagnosis threshold as an abnormal voltage cell.
- step (e) includes: (e1) generating time series data of cell diagnostic deviation for each battery cell; and (e2) detecting a voltage abnormality of the battery cell from the time when the cell diagnostic deviation exceeds the diagnostic threshold or the data number of the cell diagnostic deviation exceeding the diagnostic threshold.
- step (e) includes: (e1) determining, for each battery cell, a short-term and long-term average difference corresponding to the difference between the first average cell voltage and the second average cell voltage; (e2) for each battery cell, determining a cell diagnosis deviation by calculating the average value of the short-term and long-term average differences of all battery cells and the deviation of the short-term and long-term average differences of the battery cells; (e3) determining a statistical variable threshold dependent on the standard deviation of the cell diagnostic deviation of all battery cells; (e4) filtering time series data on cell diagnosis deviation of each battery cell based on a statistical variable threshold to generate time series data of filter diagnosis values for each battery cell; and (e5) detecting a voltage abnormality of the battery cell from the time when the filter diagnosis value exceeds the diagnosis threshold or the number of data of the filter diagnosis value exceeding the diagnosis threshold.
- step (e) includes: (e1) determining, for each battery cell, a short-term and long-term average difference corresponding to the difference between the first average cell voltage and the second average cell voltage; (e2) for each battery cell, determining the normalized value of the short- and long-term average difference as the normalized cell diagnostic deviation; (e3) determining a statistical variable threshold dependent on the standard deviation for the normalized cell diagnostic deviation of all battery cells; (e4) filtering time series data on the normalized cell diagnostic deviation of each battery cell based on a statistical variable threshold to generate time series data of filter diagnosis values; and (e6) detecting a voltage abnormality of the battery cell from the time when the filter diagnosis value exceeds the diagnosis threshold or the number of data of the filter diagnosis value exceeding the diagnosis threshold.
- the step (e3) may be a step of normalizing the short-term and long-term average differences for each battery cell by dividing the short- and long-term average differences by the average value of the short-term and long-term average differences of all battery cells.
- step (e3) may be a step of normalizing the short-term and long-term average differences for each battery cell by calculating the logarithm of the short-term and long-term average differences.
- step (a) is performed by measuring the cell voltage of each battery cell over time using a voltage corresponding to the cell voltage difference between the average value of the cell voltage of all battery cells measured per unit time and the cell voltage of each battery cell. This may be a step in generating time series data that represents change.
- step (e) includes: (e1) determining, for each battery, a short-term and long-term average difference corresponding to the difference between the first average cell voltage and the second average cell voltage; (e2) for each battery, determining the normalized value of the short- and long-term average difference as the normalized cell diagnostic deviation; (e3) for each battery cell, generating time series data of normalized cell diagnostic deviation; (e4) generating time series data of normalized cell diagnostic deviation for each battery cell by recursively repeating (i) to (iv) at least once;
- the profile regarding the time series data of the cell voltage of each battery cell includes voltage data below a preset diagnosis start voltage and may include an inflection point after the voltage data is measured. .
- the above technical task can also be achieved by a battery pack including the above-described battery diagnostic device and a vehicle including the same.
- the present invention it is possible to precisely detect the time period in which the voltage abnormality of each battery cell occurred and/or the voltage abnormality detection count by analyzing the time series data of the filter diagnosis value determined based on the statistical variable threshold. possible.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 2A to 2H are graphs referenced to explain the process of diagnosing a voltage abnormality of each battery cell from time series data showing changes over time in the cell voltage of each of the plurality of battery cells shown in FIG. 1.
- Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating a battery diagnosis method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating a battery diagnosis method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating a battery diagnosis method according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating a battery diagnosis method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 7 is a flowchart exemplarily showing a battery diagnosis method according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- control unit> refers to a unit that processes at least one function or operation, and may be implemented as hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- an electric vehicle 1 includes a battery pack 2, an inverter 3, an electric motor 4, and a vehicle controller 5.
- the battery pack 2 includes a cell group (CG), a switch 6, and a battery management system 100.
- CG cell group
- switch 6 switch 6
- battery management system 100 battery management system
- the cell group CG may be coupled to the inverter 3 through a pair of power terminals provided in the battery pack 2.
- the cell group CG includes a plurality of battery cells (BC 1 to BC N , where N is a natural number of 2 or more) connected in series.
- the type of each battery cell BC i is not particularly limited as long as it is rechargeable, such as a lithium ion battery cell.
- i is an index for cell identification.
- i is a natural number from 1 to N.
- the switch 6 is connected in series to the cell group CG.
- the switch 6 is installed in the current path for charging and discharging the cell group CG.
- the switch 6 is controlled on and off in response to a switching signal from the battery management system 100.
- the switch 6 may be a mechanical relay turned on and off by the magnetic force of the coil or a semiconductor switch such as a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET).
- MOSFET metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
- the inverter 3 is provided to convert direct current from the cell group CG to alternating current in response to commands from the battery management system 100 .
- the electric motor 4 may be, for example, a three-phase alternating current motor.
- the electric motor 4 is driven using alternating current power from the inverter 3.
- the battery management system 100 is provided to take charge of overall control related to charging and discharging of the cell group (CG) while the electric vehicle 1 is running.
- operation of the electric vehicle 1 may include moving the electric vehicle 1, parking, or waiting for a signal.
- the battery management system 100 includes a battery diagnosis device 200.
- the battery management system 100 may further include at least one of a current sensor 310, a temperature sensor 320, and an interface unit 330.
- the battery diagnosis device 200 is provided to diagnose voltage abnormalities in each of the plurality of battery cells (BC 1 to BC N ) while the electric vehicle 1 is running.
- the battery diagnosis device 200 includes a voltage sensing circuit 210 and a control circuit 220.
- the voltage sensing circuit 210 is connected to the anode and cathode of each of the plurality of battery cells (BC 1 to BC N ) through a plurality of voltage sensing lines.
- the voltage sensing circuit 210 is configured to measure the cell voltage across both ends of each battery cell BC at regular time intervals while the electric vehicle 1 is running and generate a voltage signal representing the measured cell voltage. .
- the current sensor 310 is connected in series to the cell group CG through a current path.
- the current sensor 310 is configured to detect the battery current flowing through the cell group CG at regular time intervals while the electric vehicle 1 is running and generate a current signal representing the detected battery current.
- the temperature sensor 320 is configured to detect the temperature of the cell group CG at regular time intervals while the electric vehicle 1 is running and generate a temperature signal representing the detected temperature.
- control circuit 220 includes application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and micro It may be implemented using at least one of processors (microprocessors) and electrical units for performing other functions.
- ASICs application specific integrated circuits
- DSPs digital signal processors
- DSPDs digital signal processing devices
- PLDs programmable logic devices
- FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
- micro It may be implemented using at least one of processors (microprocessors) and electrical units for performing other functions.
- the control circuit 220 may have a memory unit 221.
- the memory unit 221 is a flash memory type, hard disk type, SSD type (Solid State Disk type), SDD type (Silicon Disk Drive type), and multimedia card micro type. micro type), random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM) It may include at least one type of storage medium.
- the memory unit 221 can store data and programs required for calculation operations by the control circuit 220.
- the memory unit 221 can store data representing the results of calculation operations by the control circuit 220.
- the control circuit 220 may record at least one of various parameters calculated per unit time, which will be described later, in the memory unit 221.
- the control circuit 220 may be operably coupled to the voltage sensing circuit 210, temperature sensor 320, current sensor 310, interface unit 330, and/or switch 6.
- the control circuit 220 may collect sensing signals from the voltage sensing circuit 210, the current sensor 310, and the temperature sensor 320 at regular time intervals while the electric vehicle 1 is running.
- a sensing signal refers to a synchronously detected voltage signal, current signal, and/or temperature signal.
- the control circuit 220 converts the voltage signal and/or current signal and/or temperature signal into digital data to generate time series data regarding the voltage and/or current and/or temperature of the battery cell, and stores the memory unit 221. It can be accumulated and stored.
- the interface unit 330 may include a communication circuit configured to support wired or wireless communication between the control circuit 220 and the vehicle controller 5 (eg, ECU: Electronic Control Unit).
- Wired communication may be, for example, CAN (controller area network) communication
- wireless communication may be, for example, ZigBee or Bluetooth communication.
- the type of communication protocol is not particularly limited as long as it supports wired and wireless communication between the control circuit 220 and the vehicle controller 5.
- the interface unit 330 may be combined with an output device (eg, display, speaker) that provides information received from the vehicle controller 5 and/or the control circuit 220 in a form recognizable to the user.
- the vehicle controller 5 may control the inverter 3 based on battery information (eg, voltage, current, temperature, SOC) collected through communication with the battery management system 100.
- battery information eg, voltage, current, temperature, SOC
- FIGS. 2A to 2H are graphs exemplarily showing the process of diagnosing a voltage abnormality of each battery cell from time series data showing changes in cell voltage of each of the plurality of battery cells shown in FIG. 1 over time.
- Figure 2a shows the voltage curve of each of a plurality of battery cells (BC 1 to BC N ).
- the number of battery cells for which the voltage curve is illustrated is 14.
- the control circuit 220 collects the voltage signal from the voltage sensing circuit 210 every unit time while the electric vehicle 1 is running, and stores the voltage value of the cell voltage of each battery cell BC i . It is recorded cumulatively in section 221.
- the unit time may be an integer multiple of the voltage measurement period of the voltage sensing circuit 210.
- the control circuit 220 generates cell voltage time series data representing the history of the cell voltage of each battery cell over time, based on the voltage value of the cell voltage of each battery cell (BC i ) recorded in the memory unit 221. can be created. Each time the cell voltage is measured, the number of cell voltage time series data increases by 1.
- the plurality of voltage curves shown in FIG. 2A are one-to-one related to the plurality of battery cells (BC 1 to BC N ). Accordingly, each voltage curve represents the change history of the cell voltage of a battery cell BC associated with it.
- the control circuit 220 may determine the moving average of each of the plurality of battery cells (BC 1 to BC N ) per unit time using one moving window or two moving windows. When using two moving windows, the length of time for one moving window is different from the length of time for the other moving window.
- the time length of each moving window is an integer multiple of the unit time
- the end point of each moving window is the current time
- the start point of each moving window is a time point ahead by a predetermined time length from the current time.
- the one associated with the shorter time length of the two moving windows will be referred to as the first moving window, and the one associated with the longer time length will be referred to as the second moving window.
- the control circuit 220 may diagnose a voltage abnormality of each battery cell BC i by using only the first moving window or both the first moving window and the second moving window.
- the control circuit 220 controls the short-term change in the cell voltage of the i-th battery cell (BC i ) based on the cell voltage of the ith battery cell (BC i ) collected per unit time while the electric vehicle 1 is running. Change trends and long-term change trends can be compared per unit time.
- the control circuit 220 may determine the first average cell voltage, which is the moving average of the ith battery cell BC i by the first moving window, per unit time, using Equation 1 or Equation 2 below.
- Equation 1 is a moving average calculation formula using the arithmetic average method
- Equation 2 is a moving average calculation formula using the weighted average method.
- Equations 1 and 2 k is a time index indicating the current time, SMA i [k] is the first average cell voltage of the ith battery cell (BC i ) at the current time, and S is the time length of the first moving window. divided by unit time, V i [k] is the cell voltage of the ith battery cell (BC i ) at the current time. For example, if the unit time is 1 second and the time length of the first moving window is 10 seconds, S is 10.
- V i [kx] and SMA i [kx] represent the cell voltage and the first average cell voltage of the ith battery cell (BC i ) when the time index is kx, respectively.
- the control circuit 220 may be set to increase the time index by 1 every unit of time.
- the control circuit 220 may determine the second average cell voltage, which is the moving average of the ith battery cell BC i by the second moving window, per unit time, using Equation 3 or Equation 4 below.
- Equation 3 is a moving average calculation formula using the arithmetic average method
- Equation 4 is a moving average calculation formula using the weighted average method.
- Equations 3 and 4 k is a time index indicating the current time, LMA i [k] is the second average cell voltage of the ith battery cell (BC i ) at the current time, and L is the time length of the second moving window. divided by unit time, V i [k] is the cell voltage of the ith battery cell (BC i ) at the current time. For example, if the unit time is 1 second and the time length of the second moving window is 100 seconds, L is 100.
- LMA i [kx] represents the second average cell voltage when the time index is kx.
- control circuit 220 is V i [k] of Equations 1 to 4, and instead of the cell voltage of each battery cell (BC i ) at the current time, the control circuit 220 is the cell group (CG) at the current time. You can enter the difference between the reference cell voltage and the cell voltage of the battery cell (BC i ).
- the reference cell voltage of the cell group CG at the current time is an average value of a plurality of cell voltages at the current time determined from the plurality of battery cells BC 1 to BC N .
- the average value of the plurality of cell voltages can be replaced by the median value.
- control circuit 220 may set VD i [k] in Equation 5 below to V i [k] in Equations 1 to 4.
- VD i [k] V av [k] - V i [k]
- V av [k] is the reference cell voltage of the cell group CG at the current time and is the average value of a plurality of cell voltages.
- the first average cell voltage is referred to as the 'short-term moving average' of the cell voltage
- the second average cell voltage is referred to as the 'long-term moving average' of the cell voltage. It can be called.
- FIG. 2B shows a short-term moving average line and a long-term moving average line for the cell voltage of the ith battery cell BC i determined from the plurality of voltage curves shown in FIG. 2A.
- the horizontal axis represents time
- the vertical axis represents the short-term moving average and long-term moving average of the cell voltage.
- a plurality of moving average lines (S i ) shown in dotted lines are one-to-one related to a plurality of battery cells (BC 1 to BC N ), and the first average cell voltage (SMA) of each battery cell (BC) It represents the change history of i [k]) over time.
- the plurality of moving average lines (L i ) shown in solid lines are one-to-one related to the plurality of battery cells (BC 1 ⁇ BC N ), and the second average cell voltage (LMA i [k]) of each battery cell (BC) ) shows the change history over time.
- Equation 2 and Equation 4 The dotted line graph and solid line graph were obtained using Equation 2 and Equation 4, respectively. Additionally, VD i [k] in Equation 5 was used as V i [k] in Equations 2 and 4, and V av [k] was set as the average of a plurality of cell voltages.
- the time length of the first moving window is 10 seconds, and the time length of the second moving window is 100 seconds.
- Figure 2c shows the short- and long-term average difference (absolute value) corresponding to the difference between the first average cell voltage (SMA i [k]) and the second average cell voltage (LMA i [k]) of each battery cell shown in Figure 2b. Indicates change over time.
- the horizontal axis represents time
- the vertical axis represents the short- and long-term average difference of each battery cell (BC i ).
- the short- and long-term average difference of each battery cell (BC i ) is the difference between the first average cell voltage (SMA i ) and the second average cell voltage (LMA i ) of each battery cell (BC i ) per unit time.
- the short- and long-term average difference of the ith battery cell (BC i ) is obtained by subtracting one of SMA i [k] and LMA i [k] (e.g., the larger one) from the other (e.g., the smaller one). It may be the same as the value.
- the short-term and long-term average difference of the ith battery cell (BC i ) depends on the short-term change history and long-term change history of the cell voltage of the ith battery cell (BC i ).
- the temperature or SOH of the ith battery cell (BC i ) steadily affects the cell voltage of the ith battery cell (BC i ) in the short term as well as in the long term. Therefore, if there is no voltage abnormality of the ith battery cell (BC i ), the short-term and long-term average difference of the ith battery cell (BC i ) is not significantly different from the short-term and long-term average differences of the remaining battery cells.
- the voltage abnormality suddenly generated in the i battery cell (BC i ) due to an internal short circuit and/ or an external short circuit is higher than the first average cell voltage (SMA i [k]) than the second average cell voltage (LMA i [k]). k])).
- SMA i [k] first average cell voltage
- LMA i [k] second average cell voltage
- the control circuit 220 can determine the short- and long-term average difference (
- the control circuit 220 also determines the deviation of the short-term and long-term average differences (
- control circuit 220 determines that when the cell diagnostic deviation (D diag,i [k]) for the ith battery cell (BC i ) exceeds a preset diagnostic threshold (e.g., 0.015), the i-th battery It can be diagnosed that there is a voltage abnormality in the cell (BC i ).
- a preset diagnostic threshold e.g. 0.15
- control circuit 220 may normalize the short- and long-term average difference (
- the normalization reference value is the average value of the short-term and long-term average differences (
- the control circuit 220 sets the average value of the short- and long-term average differences (
- the control circuit 220 also divides the short- and long-term average difference (
- Equation 6 represents a formula for normalizing the short- and long-term average difference (
- the value calculated by Equation 6 may be named normalized cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag,i [k]).
- Equation 6
- is the short-term and long-term average difference of the ith battery cell (BC i ) at the current time
- av is the average value (normalization reference value) of the short-term and long-term average differences of all battery cells
- D * diag,i [k] is the normalized cell diagnosis deviation of the ith battery cell (BC i ) at the current time.
- the symbol '*' indicates that the parameter has been normalized.
- ) of each battery cell (BC i ) can also be normalized through the logarithmic operation in Equation 7 below.
- the value calculated by Equation 7 may also be named normalized cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag,i [k]).
- Figure 2d shows the change over time in the normalized cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag,i [k]) of each battery cell (BC i ).
- Cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag,i [k]) was calculated using Equation 6.
- the horizontal axis represents time
- the vertical axis represents the cell diagnosis deviation (D * diag,i [k]) of each battery cell (BC i ).
- ) of each battery cell (BC i ) is normalized, so that the change in the short-term and long-term average difference of each battery cell (BC i ) is the average value. It can be seen that it has been amplified based on . As a result, diagnosis of voltage abnormalities in battery cells can be made more accurately.
- control circuit 220 compares the normalized cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag,i [k]) and the statistical variable threshold (D threshold [k]) of each battery cell (BC i ).
- (BC i ) voltage abnormality diagnosis can be performed.
- control circuit 220 can set the statistical variable threshold (D threshold [k]) per unit time using Equation 8 below.
- Equation 8 Sigma is a function that calculates the standard deviation for the normalized cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag,i [k]) of all battery cells (BC) at time index k.
- ⁇ is a constant determined experimentally.
- ⁇ is a factor that determines diagnostic sensitivity.
- ⁇ can be appropriately determined by trial and error so that when the present invention is implemented on a cell group including a battery cell with an actual voltage abnormality, the battery cell in question can be detected as a cell with a voltage abnormality.
- ⁇ may be set to at least 5 or more, or at least 6 or more, or at least 7 or more, or at least 8 or more, or at least 9 or more.
- D threshold [k] generated by Equation 8 is plural, so it constitutes time series data.
- the normalized cell diagnosis deviation (D * diag,i [k]) of a battery cell with a voltage abnormality is relatively larger than that of a normal battery cell. Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy and reliability of diagnosis, it is recommended to exclude max(D * diag,i [k]), which is the maximum value, when calculating Sigma(D * diag, i [k]) at time index k. desirable.
- max is a function that returns the maximum value for a plurality of input variables, and the input variables are normalized cell diagnostic deviations (D * diag,i [k]) of all battery cells.
- time series data showing the time change of the statistical variable threshold corresponds to the profile displayed in the darkest color among all profiles.
- the control circuit 220 determines the statistical variable threshold (D threshold [k]) at the time index k and then calculates the normalized cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag ,i [ By filtering k]), the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) can be determined.
- Two values may be assigned to the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) for each battery cell (BC i ). That is, if the cell diagnosis deviation (D * diag,i [k]) is greater than the statistical variable threshold (D threshold [k]), the cell diagnosis deviation (D * diag,i [k]) and the statistical variable threshold (D Threshold [ The difference value of k]) is assigned to the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]). On the other hand, if the cell diagnosis deviation (D * diag,i [k]) is equal to or less than the statistical variable threshold (D threshold [k]), 0 is assigned to the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]).
- Figure 2e is a diagram showing time series data of the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) obtained through filtering of the cell diagnosis deviation (D * diag ,i [k]) at time index k.
- a specific battery cell with an irregular pattern is a battery cell with time series data indicated by A in FIG. 2D.
- the control circuit 220 determines that the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is diagnosed in the time series data of the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) for each battery cell (BC- i ).
- a time section greater than a threshold eg, 0
- a battery cell in which a condition in which the integration time is greater than a preset reference time is established may be diagnosed as a voltage abnormality cell.
- control circuit 220 may accumulate a time interval in which the condition in which the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is greater than the diagnosis threshold is continuously met. If there are multiple time sections, the control circuit 220 can independently calculate the integration time for each time section.
- control circuit 220 determines that the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is diagnosed in the time series data of the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) for each battery cell (BC- i ).
- the number of data included in a time interval greater than a threshold (eg, 0) may be accumulated, and a battery cell in which a condition such that the data integration value is greater than a preset reference count is met may be diagnosed as a voltage abnormality cell.
- control circuit 220 may only accumulate the number of data included in the time interval in which the condition in which the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is greater than the diagnosis threshold is continuously met. If there are multiple time sections, the control circuit 220 can independently integrate the number of data in each time section.
- control circuit 220 replaces V i [k] in Equations 1 to 5 with the normalized cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag,i [k]) of each battery cell (BC- i ) shown in FIG. 2D. You can. In addition, the control circuit 220 calculates the short-term and long-term average difference (
- Figure 2f shows the time evolution of the short-term and long-term average difference (
- V i [k] is replaced by D * diag,i [k] can be, and V av [k] can be replaced by the average value of D * diag,i [k].
- Figure 2g is a graph showing time series data of the normalized cell diagnosis deviation (D * diag,i [k]) calculated using Equation 6.
- time series data of the statistical variable threshold (D threshold [k]) corresponds to the profile indicated in the darkest color.
- Figure 2h is a profile showing the time series data of the filter diagnosis value (D filter ,i [k]) obtained by filtering the time series data of the cell diagnosis deviation (D * diag, i [k]) using Equation 9.
- the control circuit 220 determines that the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is diagnosed in the time series data of the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) for each battery cell (BC- i ).
- a time section greater than a threshold eg, 0
- a battery cell in which a condition in which the integration time is greater than a preset reference time is established may be diagnosed as a voltage abnormality cell.
- control circuit 220 may accumulate a time interval in which the condition in which the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is greater than the diagnosis threshold is continuously met. If there are multiple time sections, the control circuit 220 can independently calculate the integration time for each time section.
- control circuit 220 determines that the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is diagnosed in the time series data of the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) for each battery cell (BC- i ).
- the number of data included in a time interval greater than a threshold (eg, 0) may be accumulated, and a battery cell in which a condition such that the data integration value is greater than a preset reference count is met may be diagnosed as a voltage abnormality cell.
- control circuit 220 may only accumulate the number of data included in the time interval in which the condition in which the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is greater than the diagnosis threshold is continuously met. If there are multiple time sections, the control circuit 220 can independently integrate the number of data in each time section.
- the control circuit 220 may additionally repeat the above-described recursive operation process a standard number of times. That is, the control circuit 220 may replace the voltage time series data shown in FIG. 2A with time series data of the normalized cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag,i [k]) (for example, the data in FIG. 2G).
- D * diag,i [k] normalized cell diagnostic deviation
- control circuit 220 calculates the short- and long-term average difference (
- the diagnosis of voltage abnormalities in battery cells can be made more precisely. That is, referring to FIG. 2e, a positive profile pattern is observed only in two time sections in the time series data of the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) of a battery cell in which a voltage abnormality occurs. However, referring to FIG. 2h, a positive profile pattern is observed in more time sections than in FIG. 2e in the time series data of the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) of a battery cell with a voltage abnormality. Therefore, if the recursive calculation process is repeated, the point in time when the battery cell voltage abnormality occurs can be detected more accurately.
- Battery diagnosis operations according to the embodiments (modifications) of the control circuit 220 described above include diagnosis in which a profile regarding time series data of the cell voltage of each battery cell BC i is preset, as shown in FIG. 2A. It is preferable that the diagnosis be performed under diagnostic conditions that include voltage data below the starting voltage and an inflection point after the point at which the voltage data was measured.
- the diagnosis start voltage may be set to be higher than the lower discharge limit voltage of each battery cell BC i by a predetermined level.
- the predetermined level may vary depending on the type of battery cell BC i and the degree of deterioration of the battery cell BC i .
- the diagnosis start voltage can be set to 3.35V.
- the inflection point may appear when each battery cell (BC i ) is discharged and the discharge is stopped for a predetermined period of time.
- an inflection point may be included in the profile regarding time series data of the cell voltage of each battery cell BC i .
- the inflection point may appear in the process of resolving the polarization of the electrodes when the discharge of each battery cell (BC i ) is stopped.
- the voltage abnormality of a battery cell with a voltage abnormality is amplified compared to other battery cells, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of battery diagnosis.
- the battery diagnosis method may be performed by the battery diagnosis device 200 while the electric vehicle 1 is driving.
- operation of the electric vehicle 1 may include moving the electric vehicle 1, parking, or waiting for a signal.
- control circuit 220 The operation of the control circuit 220 will be described in more detail in various embodiment(s) of the battery diagnosis method.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a battery diagnosis method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the method of FIG. 3 may be periodically executed per unit of time by the control circuit 220 while the electric vehicle 1 is running.
- step S310 the control circuit 220 collects a voltage signal representing the cell voltage of each of the plurality of battery cells (BC 1 to BC N ) from the voltage measurement circuit 210, Time series data of the cell voltage of each battery cell (BC) is generated (see FIG. 2A). In the time series data of cell voltage, the number of data increases by 1 every time unit time passes.
- Vi [ k] or VD i [k] of Equation 5 can be used as the cell voltage.
- step S320 the control circuit 220 determines the first average cell voltage (SMA i [k]) of each battery cell (BC -i ), based on the time series data of the cell voltage of each battery cell (BC i ), using the formula 1 and Equation 2) and the second average cell voltage (LMA i [k], see Equation 3 and Equation 4) (see Figure 2b).
- the first average cell voltage (SMA i [k]) is a short-term moving average of the cell voltage of each battery cell (BC i ) over a first moving window with a first time length.
- the second average cell voltage LMA i [k] is a long-term moving average of the cell voltage of each battery cell BC i over a second moving window having a second length of time.
- V i [k] or VD i [k] may be used.
- step S330 the control circuit 220 determines the short- and long-term average difference (
- step S340 the control circuit 220 determines the cell diagnosis deviation (D diag,i [k]) of each battery cell (BC i ).
- the cell diagnostic deviation (D diag,i [k]) is the average value of the short- and long-term average difference for all battery cells (
- step S350 the control circuit 220 determines whether the diagnostic time has elapsed.
- the diagnosis time is set in advance. If the judgment in step S350 is YES, step S360 proceeds, and if the judgment in step S350 is NO, steps S310 to S340 are repeated again.
- step S360 the control circuit 220 generates time series data for the cell diagnosis deviation (D diag,i [k]) of each battery cell (BC i ) collected during the diagnosis time.
- step S370 the control circuit 220 diagnoses a voltage abnormality of each battery cell (BC i ) by analyzing time series data for the cell diagnosis deviation (D diag,i [k]).
- the control circuit 220 determines that the cell diagnostic deviation (D diag,i [k]) in the time series data for the cell diagnostic deviation (D diag,i [k]) of each battery cell (BC i ) is set to a diagnostic threshold.
- a battery cell that accumulates over a time period greater than (e.g., 0.015) and meets a condition where the integration time is greater than a preset reference time can be diagnosed as a cell with an abnormal voltage.
- control circuit 220 may integrate only the time interval in which the condition in which the cell diagnosis deviation (D diag,i [k]) is greater than the diagnosis threshold is continuously met. If there are multiple time sections, the control circuit 220 can independently calculate the integration time for each time section.
- control circuit 220 determines that the cell diagnostic deviation (D diag,i [k]) in the time series data for the cell diagnostic deviation (D diag,i [k]) of each battery cell (BC i ) is set to a diagnostic threshold.
- a battery cell that accumulates a data number greater than (e.g., 0.015) and meets the condition that the data integration value is greater than a preset reference count can be diagnosed as a cell with an abnormal voltage.
- the control circuit 220 may only accumulate the number of data included in the time interval in which the condition in which the cell diagnosis deviation (D diag,i [k]) is greater than the diagnosis threshold is continuously met. If there are multiple time sections, the control circuit 220 can independently accumulate the number of data in each time section.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart exemplarily showing a battery diagnosis method according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The method of FIG. 4 may be periodically executed per unit of time by the control circuit 220 of the battery diagnosis device 200 while the electric vehicle 1 is running.
- steps S310 to S360 are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment, so description thereof is omitted.
- step S380 proceeds.
- step S380 the control circuit 220 generates time series data of the statistical variable threshold (D threshold [k]) using Equation 8.
- the input of the Sigma function in Equation 8 is time series data on the cell diagnosis deviation (D diag,i [k]) of all battery cells generated in step S360.
- the maximum value of the cell diagnostic deviation (D diag,i [k]) can be excluded from the input value of the Sigma function.
- Cell diagnosis deviation (D diag,i [k]) is the deviation from the average value of the short- and long-term average difference (
- step S390 the control circuit 220 filters the cell diagnosis deviation (D diag,i [k]) of each battery cell (BC i ) using Equation 9 to obtain a filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) Generate time series data.
- step S400 the control circuit 220 diagnoses a voltage abnormality of each battery cell (BC i ) by analyzing time series data of the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]).
- the control circuit 220 determines that the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is diagnosed in the time series data of the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) for each battery cell (BC- i ).
- a time section greater than a threshold eg, 0
- a battery cell in which a condition in which the integration time is greater than a preset reference time is established may be diagnosed as a voltage abnormality cell.
- control circuit 220 can integrate only the time interval in which the condition in which the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is greater than the diagnosis threshold is continuously met. If there are multiple time sections, the control circuit 220 can independently calculate the integration time for each time section.
- control circuit 220 determines that the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is diagnosed in the time series data of the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) for each battery cell (BC- i ).
- the number of data included in a time interval greater than a threshold (eg, 0) may be accumulated, and a battery cell in which a condition such that the data integration value is greater than a preset reference count is met may be diagnosed as a voltage abnormality cell.
- control circuit 220 may only accumulate the number of data included in the time interval in which the condition in which the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is greater than the diagnosis threshold is continuously met. If there are multiple time sections, the control circuit 220 can independently integrate the number of data in each time section.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a battery diagnosis method according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- the method of FIG. 5 may be periodically executed per unit of time by the control circuit 220 of the battery diagnosis device 200 while the electric vehicle 1 is running.
- the remaining configuration of the battery diagnosis method according to the third embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, except that steps S340, S360, and S370 are changed to steps S340', 360', and step S370', respectively. Therefore, with respect to the third embodiment, only the different configurations will be described.
- step S340 ' the control circuit 220 calculates the normalized cell diagnostic deviation (
- the normalization reference value is the average value of the short- and long-term average difference (
- step S360' the control circuit 220 generates time series data for the normalized cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag,i [k]) of each battery cell (BC i ) collected during the diagnostic time (see FIG. 2D ).
- step S370' the control circuit 220 diagnoses a voltage abnormality of each battery cell (BC i ) by analyzing time series data for the normalized cell diagnosis deviation (D * diag,i [k]).
- control circuit 220 controls the cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag,i [k]) in time series data for the normalized cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag,i [k]) for each battery cell (BC i ). ) may be integrated over a time section greater than the diagnostic threshold (e.g., 4), and a battery cell in which a condition in which the integration time is greater than a preset reference time is met may be diagnosed as a cell with an abnormal voltage.
- the diagnostic threshold e.g. 4
- control circuit 220 may integrate only the time interval in which the condition in which the normalized cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag,i [k]) is greater than the diagnostic threshold is continuously met. If there are multiple time sections, the control circuit 220 can independently calculate the integration time for each time section.
- control circuit 220 determines in the time series data for the normalized cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag,i [k]) for each battery cell (BC i ) that the cell diagnostic deviation is greater than a diagnostic threshold (e.g., 4).
- a diagnostic threshold e.g. 4
- a battery cell that integrates a large number of data and meets the condition that the data integration value is greater than a preset reference count can be diagnosed as a cell with an abnormal voltage.
- control circuit 220 may only integrate the number of data included in the time interval in which the condition in which the normalized cell diagnosis deviation (D * diag,i [k]) is greater than the diagnosis threshold is continuously met. If there are multiple time sections, the control circuit 220 can independently integrate the number of data in each time section.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a battery diagnosis method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the method of FIG. 6 may be periodically executed per unit of time by the control circuit 220 of the battery diagnosis device 200 while the electric vehicle 1 is running.
- the battery diagnosis method according to the fourth embodiment is compared to the second embodiment except that steps S340, S360, S380, S390, and S400 are changed to steps S340', S360', S380', S390', and S400', respectively.
- the configuration is substantially the same. Therefore, with respect to the fourth embodiment, only the configuration that differs from the second embodiment will be described.
- step S340 ' the control circuit 220 calculates the normalized cell diagnostic deviation (
- the normalization reference value is the average value of the short- and long-term average difference (
- step S360' the control circuit 220 generates time series data for the normalized cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag,i [k]) of each battery cell (BC i ) collected during the diagnostic time (see FIG. 2D ).
- step S380' the control circuit 220 generates time series data of the statistical variable threshold (D threshold [k]) using Equation 8.
- the input of the Sigma function in Equation 8 is time series data for the normalized cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag,i [k]) of all battery cells generated in step S360'.
- the maximum value of the cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag,i [k]) can be excluded from the input value of the Sigma function.
- step S390' the control circuit 220 determines the cell diagnosis deviation (D * diag,i [k]) of each battery cell (BC i ) based on the statistical variable threshold (D threshold [k]) using Equation 9. By filtering, time series data of the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is generated.
- step S400' the control circuit 220 analyzes time series data of the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) to diagnose a voltage abnormality of each battery cell (BC i ).
- the control circuit 220 determines that the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is diagnosed in the time series data of the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) for each battery cell (BC- i ).
- a time section greater than a threshold eg, 0
- a battery cell in which a condition in which the integration time is greater than a preset reference time is established may be diagnosed as a voltage abnormality cell.
- control circuit 220 may accumulate a time interval in which the condition in which the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is greater than the diagnosis threshold is continuously met. If there are multiple time sections, the control circuit 220 can independently calculate the integration time for each time section.
- control circuit 220 determines that the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is diagnosed in the time series data of the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) for each battery cell (BC- i ).
- the number of data included in a time interval greater than a threshold (eg, 0) may be accumulated, and a battery cell in which a condition such that the data integration value is greater than a preset reference count is met may be diagnosed as a voltage abnormality cell.
- control circuit 220 may only accumulate the number of data included in the time interval in which the condition in which the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is greater than the diagnosis threshold is continuously met. If there are multiple time sections, the control circuit 220 can independently integrate the number of data in each time section.
- Figure 7 is a flowchart exemplarily showing a battery diagnosis method according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- steps S310 to S360' are substantially the same as those in the fourth embodiment. Therefore, with respect to the fifth embodiment, only the configuration that differs from the fourth embodiment will be described.
- step S410 the control circuit 220 uses the normalized cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag,i [k]) time series data of each battery cell (BC i ) to determine the cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag,i [k]). ]) and generate the first moving average (SMA i [k]) time series data and the second moving average (LMA i [k]) time series data (see Figure 2f).
- step S420 the control circuit 220 uses Equation 6 to calculate the first moving average (SMA i [k]) time series data and the second moving average (LMA i [k]) time series data of each battery cell (BC i ). Generate normalized cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag,i [k]) time series data using (see Figure 2g).
- step S430 the control circuit 220 generates time series data of the statistical variable threshold (D threshold [k]) using Equation 8 (see FIG. 2G).
- step S440 the control circuit 220 uses Equation 9 to determine the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) of each battery cell (BC i ) based on the statistical variable threshold (D threshold [k]). Generate time series data (see Figure 2h).
- step S450 the control circuit 220 diagnoses a voltage abnormality of each battery cell (BC i ) by analyzing time series data of the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) of each battery cell (BC i ).
- the control circuit 220 determines that the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is diagnosed in the time series data of the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) for each battery cell (BC- i ).
- a time section greater than a threshold eg, 0
- a battery cell in which a condition in which the integration time is greater than a preset reference time is established may be diagnosed as a voltage abnormality cell.
- control circuit 220 may accumulate a time interval in which the condition in which the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is greater than the diagnosis threshold is continuously met. If there are multiple time sections, the control circuit 220 can independently calculate the integration time for each time section.
- control circuit 220 determines that the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is diagnosed in the time series data of the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) for each battery cell (BC- i ).
- the number of data included in a time interval greater than a threshold (eg, 0) may be accumulated, and a battery cell in which a condition such that the data integration value is greater than a preset reference count is met may be diagnosed as a voltage abnormality cell.
- control circuit 220 may only accumulate the number of data included in the time interval in which the condition in which the filter diagnosis value (D filter,i [k]) is greater than the diagnosis threshold is continuously met. If there are multiple time sections, the control circuit 220 can independently integrate the number of data in each time section.
- the control circuit 220 may recursively perform steps S410 and S420 two or more times. That is, the control circuit 220 uses the normalized cell diagnosis deviation (D * diag,i [k]) time series data generated in step S420 and again uses the cell diagnosis deviation (D * diag,i [k]) ) can generate first moving average (SMA i [k]) time series data and second moving average (LMA i [k]) time series data for ). Then, the control circuit 220 again outputs the first moving average (SMA i [k]) time series data and the second moving average (LMA i [k]) time series data of each battery cell (BC i ) in step S420. Using Equation 6, normalized cell diagnostic deviation (D * diag,i [k]) time series data can be generated. This recursive algorithm can be repeated a set number of times.
- steps S410 and S420 are performed according to the recursive algorithm
- steps S430 to S450 can be performed using the cell diagnosis deviation (D * diag,i [k]) time series data finally calculated through the recursive algorithm. there is.
- the battery diagnosis method includes voltage data below the diagnosis start voltage for which a profile regarding time series data of the cell voltage of each battery cell BC i is preset, as shown in FIG. 2A. It is preferable that the diagnosis is performed under diagnostic conditions that include an inflection point after the voltage data is measured.
- the diagnosis start voltage may be set to be higher than the lower discharge limit voltage of each battery cell BC i by a predetermined level. The predetermined level may vary depending on the type of battery cell BC i and the degree of deterioration of the battery cell BC i . In the profiles related to the time series data of cell voltage shown in FIG. 2A, the diagnosis start voltage can be set to 3.35V.
- the inflection point may appear when each battery cell (BC i ) is discharged and the discharge is stopped for a predetermined period of time.
- an inflection point may be included in the profile regarding time series data of the cell voltage of each battery cell BC i .
- the inflection point may appear in the process of resolving the polarization of the electrodes when the discharge of each battery cell (BC i ) is stopped.
- the battery diagnosis method according to the embodiments is implemented under the above desirable diagnosis conditions, the voltage abnormality of the battery cell with a voltage abnormality is amplified compared to other battery cells, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of battery diagnosis. .
- the control circuit 220 performs a voltage abnormality diagnosis on all battery cells, and when a voltage abnormality is diagnosed in a specific battery cell(s), the control circuit 220 displays the diagnosis result information through a display unit (not shown). It can be printed through. Additionally, the control circuit 220 may record identification information (ID) of the battery cell for which a voltage abnormality was diagnosed, a time point at which the voltage abnormality was diagnosed, and a diagnosis flag in the memory unit 221.
- ID identification information
- the diagnosis result information may include a message indicating that there is a cell in the cell group with a voltage abnormality.
- the diagnosis result information may include a warning message indicating that detailed inspection of battery cells is necessary.
- the display unit may be included in a load device that receives power from a cell group (CG). If the load device is an electric vehicle, hybrid vehicle, plug-in hybrid vehicle, etc., diagnosis result information can be output through the vehicle's integrated information display. In another example, when the battery diagnosis device 200 according to the present invention is included in a diagnosis system, diagnosis results may be output through a display provided in the diagnosis system.
- CG cell group
- the battery diagnosis device 200 may be included in the battery management system 100 or a load device control system (not shown).
- each battery Cell voltage abnormalities can be diagnosed efficiently and accurately.
- the voltage abnormality of each battery cell can be accurately diagnosed.
- the embodiments of the present invention described above are not only implemented through devices and methods, but may also be implemented through a program that realizes the function corresponding to the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention or a recording medium on which the program is recorded.
- the implementation can be easily implemented by an expert in the technical field to which the present invention belongs based on the description of the embodiments described above.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (22)
- 전기 차량에 탑재되어 있는 직렬 연결된 복수의 배터리 셀을 포함하는 셀 그룹을 위한 배터리 진단 장치에 있어서,상기 전기 차량이 운행되는 동안 주기적으로 각 배터리 셀의 셀 전압을 나타내는 전압 신호를 생성하도록 구성되는 전압 센싱 회로; 및상기 전압 신호로부터 결정되는 셀 전압을 메모리부에 누적해서 저장하고, 각 배터리 셀의 누적된 셀 전압을 이용하여 각 배터리 셀의 셀 전압의 시간에 따른 변화를 나타내는 시계열 데이터를 생성하도록 구성되는 제어 회로를 포함하고,상기 제어 회로는,(i) 상기 시계열 데이터를 기초로 각 배터리 셀의 제1 평균 셀 전압과 제2 평균 셀 전압을 결정하고[여기서, 상기 제1 평균 셀 전압은 단기 이동 평균이고, 상기 제2 평균 셀 전압은 장기 이동 평균임],(ii) 상기 제1 평균 셀 전압과 상기 제2 평균 셀 전압의 차이를 기초로 각 배터리 셀의 전압 이상을 검출하도록 구성되는, 배터리 진단 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제어 회로는,각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 상기 제1 평균 셀 전압과 상기 제2 평균 셀 전압의 차이에 해당하는 장단기 평균 차이를 결정하고,각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 전체 배터리 셀의 장단기 평균 차이의 평균값과 배터리 셀의 장단기 평균 차이의 편차에 해당하는 셀 진단 편차를 결정하고,셀 진단 편차가 진단 임계치를 초과하는 조건을 충족하는 배터리 셀을 전압 이상 셀로 검출하도록 구성된, 배터리 진단 장치.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 제어 회로는,각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 셀 진단 편차의 시계열 데이터를 생성하고, 셀 진단 편차가 진단 임계치를 초과하는 시간 또는 진단 임계치를 초과하는 셀 진단 편차의 데이터 수로부터 배터리 셀의 전압 이상을 검출하도록 구성된, 배터리 진단 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제어 회로는,각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 상기 제1 평균 셀 전압과 상기 제2 평균 셀 전압의 차이에 해당하는 장단기 평균 차이를 결정하고,각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 전체 배터리 셀의 장단기 평균 차이의 평균값과 배터리 셀의 장단기 평균 차이의 편차를 산출하여 셀 진단 편차를 결정하고,전체 배터리 셀의 셀 진단 편차에 대한 표준편차에 의존하는 통계적 가변 임계치를 결정하고,각 배터리 셀의 셀 진단 편차에 관한 시계열 데이터를 통계적 가변 임계치를 기준으로 필터링하여 필터 진단 값의 시계열 데이터를 생성하고,필터 진단 값이 진단 임계치를 초과하는 시간 또는 진단 임계치를 초과하는 필터 진단 값의 데이터 수로부터 배터리 셀의 전압 이상을 검출하도록 구성된, 배터리 진단 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제어 회로는,각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 상기 제1 평균 셀 전압과 상기 제2 평균 셀 전압의 차이에 해당하는 장단기 평균 차이를 결정하고,각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 장단기 평균 차이의 정규화 값을 정규화된 셀 진단 편차로서 결정하고,전체 배터리 셀의 정규화된 셀 진단 편차에 대한 표준편차에 의존하는 통계적 가변 임계치를 결정하고,각 배터리 셀의 정규화된 셀 진단 편차에 관한 시계열 데이터를 통계적 가변 임계치를 기준으로 필터링하여 필터 진단 값의 시계열 데이터를 생성하고,필터 진단 값이 진단 임계치를 초과하는 시간 또는 진단 임계치를 초과하는 필터 진단 값의 데이터 수로부터 배터리 셀의 전압 이상을 검출하도록 구성된, 배터리 진단 장치.
- 제5항에 있어서, 상기 제어 회로는,각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 장단기 평균 차이를 전체 배터리 셀의 장단기 평균 차이의 평균값으로 나눗셈 연산하여 장단기 평균 차이를 정규화하도록 구성된 배터리 진단 장치.
- 제5항에 있어서, 상기 제어 회로는,각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 장단기 평균 차이의 로그 연산을 통해 장단기 평균 차이를 정규화하도록 구성된, 배터리 진단 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제어 회로는,단위 시간 마다 측정된, 전체 배터리 셀의 셀 전압 평균값과 각 배터리 셀의 셀 전압 차이에 해당하는 전압을 이용하여 각 배터리 셀의 셀 전압의 시간에 따른 변화를 나타내는 시계열 데이터를 생성하도록 구성된, 배터리 진단 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제어 회로는,각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 상기 제1 평균 셀 전압과 상기 제2 평균 셀 전압의 차이에 해당하는 장단기 평균 차이를 결정하고,각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 장단기 평균 차이의 정규화 값을 정규화된 셀 진단 편차로서 결정하고,각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 정규화된 셀 진단 편차의 시계열 데이터를 생성하고,다음 (i) 내지 (iv)를 적어도 1회 이상 재귀적으로 반복하여 각 배터리 셀에 대해 정규화된 셀 진단 편차의 시계열 데이터를 생성하고,(i) 각 배터리 셀의 정규화된 셀 진단 편차의 시계열 데이터에 대해 제1 이동 평균 및 제2 이동 평균을 결정[여기서, 제1 이동 평균은 단기 이동 평균이고, 제2 이동 평균은 장기 이동 평균임], (ii) 각 배터리 셀에 대해, 제1 이동 평균과 제2 이동 평균의 차이에 해당하는 장단기 평균 차이를 결정, (iii) 각 배터리 셀에 대해, 장단기 평균 차이의 정규화 값을 정규화된 셀 진단 편차로 결정, (iv) 각 배터리 셀에 대해 정규화된 셀 진단 편차의 시계열 데이터를 생성전체 배터리 셀의 정규화된 셀 진단 편차에 대한 표준편차에 의존하는 통계적 가변 임계치를 결정하고,각 배터리 셀의 셀 진단 편차에 관한 시계열 데이터를 통계적 가변 임계치를 기준으로 필터링하여 필터 진단 값의 시계열 데이터를 생성하고,필터 진단 값이 진단 임계치를 초과하는 시간 또는 진단 임계치를 초과하는 필터 진단 값의 데이터 수로부터 배터리 셀의 전압 이상을 검출하도록 구성된, 배터리 진단 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,각 배터리 셀의 셀 전압의 시계열 데이터에 관한 프로파일은 미리 설정된 진단 개시 전압 이하의 전압 데이터를 포함하고 상기 전압 데이터가 측정된 시점 이후에 변곡점을 포함하는 것인, 배터리 진단 장치.
- 제1항 내지 제10항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 상기 배터리 진단 장치를 포함하는 배터리 팩.
- 제11항에 따른 상기 배터리 팩을 포함하는 자동차.
- 전기 차량에 탑재된 직렬 연결된 복수의 배터리 셀을 포함하는 셀 그룹을 위한 배터리 진단 방법에 있어서,(a) 전기 차량이 운행되는 동안 각 배터리 셀의 셀 전압을 나타내는 전압 신호를 생성하는 단계;(b) 상기 전압 신호로부터 결정되는 셀 전압을 메모리부에 누적해서 저장하는 단계;(c) 각 배터리 셀의 셀 전압의 시간에 따른 변화를 나타내는 시계열 데이터를 주기적으로 생성하는 단계;(d) 상기 시계열 데이터를 기초로 각 배터리 셀의 제1 평균 셀 전압과 제2 평균 셀 전압을 결정하는 단계[여기서, 상기 제1 평균 셀 전압은 단기 이동 평균이고, 상기 제2 평균 셀 전압은 장기 이동 평균임]; 및(e) 상기 제1 평균 셀 전압과 상기 제2 평균 셀 전압의 차이를 기초로 각 배터리 셀의 전압 이상을 검출하는 단계;를 포함하는, 배터리 진단 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 (e) 단계는,(e1) 각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 상기 제1 평균 셀 전압과 상기 제2 평균 셀 전압의 차이에 해당하는 장단기 평균 차이를 결정하는 단계;(e2) 각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 전체 배터리 셀의 장단기 평균 차이의 평균값과 배터리 셀의 장단기 평균 차이의 편차에 해당하는 셀 진단 편차를 결정하는 단계; 및(e3) 셀 진단 편차가 진단 임계치를 초과하는 조건을 충족하는 배터리 셀을 전압 이상 셀로 검출하는 단계;를 포함하는, 배터리 진단 방법.
- 제14항에 있어서, 상기 (e) 단계는,(e1) 각 배터리 셀에 대해서 셀 진단 편차의 시계열 데이터를 생성하는 단계; 및(e2) 셀 진단 편차가 진단 임계치를 초과하는 시간 또는 진단 임계치를 초과하는 셀 진단 편차의 데이터 수로부터 배터리 셀의 전압 이상을 검출하는 단계;를 포함하는, 배터리 진단 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 (e) 단계는,(e1) 각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 상기 제1 평균 셀 전압과 상기 제2 평균 셀 전압의 차이에 해당하는 장단기 평균 차이를 결정하는 단계;(e2) 각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 전체 배터리 셀의 장단기 평균 차이의 평균값과 배터리 셀의 장단기 평균 차이의 편차를 산출하여 셀 진단 편차를 결정하는 단계;(e3) 전체 배터리 셀의 셀 진단 편차에 대한 표준편차에 의존하는 통계적 가변 임계치를 결정하는 단계;(e4) 각 배터리 셀의 셀 진단 편차에 관한 시계열 데이터를 통계적 가변 임계치를 기준으로 필터링하여 각 배터리 셀에 대해 필터 진단 값의 시계열 데이터를 생성하는 단계; 및(e5) 필터 진단 값이 진단 임계치를 초과하는 시간 또는 진단 임계치를 초과하는 필터 진단 값의 데이터 수로부터 배터리 셀의 전압 이상을 검출하는 단계;를 포함하는, 배터리 진단 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 (e) 단계는,(e1) 각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 상기 제1 평균 셀 전압과 상기 제2 평균 셀 전압의 차이에 해당하는 장단기 평균 차이를 결정하는 단계;(e2) 각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 장단기 평균 차이의 정규화 값을 정규화된 셀 진단 편차로서 결정하는 단계;(e3) 전체 배터리 셀의 정규화된 셀 진단 편차에 대한 표준편차에 의존하는 통계적 가변 임계치를 결정하는 단계;(e4) 각 배터리 셀의 정규화된 셀 진단 편차에 관한 시계열 데이터를 통계적 가변 임계치를 기준으로 필터링하여 필터 진단 값의 시계열 데이터를 생성하는 단계; 및(e5) 필터 진단 값이 진단 임계치를 초과하는 시간 또는 진단 임계치를 초과하는 필터 진단 값의 데이터 수로부터 배터리 셀의 전압 이상을 검출하는 단계;를 포함하는, 배터리 진단 방법.
- 제17항에 있어서, 상기 (e2) 단계는,각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 장단기 평균 차이를 전체 배터리 셀의 장단기 평균 차이의 평균값으로 나눗셈 연산하여 장단기 평균 차이를 정규화하는 단계인, 배터리 진단 방법.
- 제17항에 있어서, 상기 (e2) 단계는,각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 장단기 평균 차이의 로그 연산을 통해 장단기 평균 차이를 정규화하는 단계인, 배터리 진단 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 (a) 단계는,단위 시간 마다 측정된, 전체 배터리 셀의 셀 전압 평균값과 각 배터리 셀의 셀 전압 차이에 해당하는 전압을 이용하여 각 배터리 셀의 셀 전압의 시간에 따른 변화를 나타내는 시계열 데이터를 생성하는 단계인, 배터리 진단 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 (e) 단계는,(e1) 각 배터리에 대해서, 상기 제1 평균 셀 전압과 상기 제2 평균 셀 전압의 차이에 해당하는 장단기 평균 차이를 결정하는 단계;(e2) 각 배터리에 대해서, 장단기 평균 차이의 정규화 값을 정규화된 셀 진단 편차로서 결정하는 단계;(e3) 각 배터리 셀에 대해서, 정규화된 셀 진단 편차의 시계열 데이터를 생성하는 단계;(e4) 다음 (i) 내지 (iv)를 적어도 1회 이상 재귀적으로 반복하여 각 배터리 셀에 대해 정규화된 셀 진단 편차의 시계열 데이터를 생성하는 단계;(i) 각 배터리 셀의 정규화된 셀 진단 편차의 시계열 데이터에 대해 제1 이동 평균 및 제2 이동 평균을 결정[여기서, 제1 이동 평균은 단기 이동 평균이고, 제2 이동 평균은 장기 이동 평균임], (ii) 각 배터리 셀에 대해, 제1 이동 평균과 제2 이동 평균의 차이에 해당하는 장단기 평균 차이를 결정, (iii) 각 배터리 셀에 대해, 장단기 평균 차이의 정규화 값을 정규화된 셀 진단 편차로 결정, (iv) 각 배터리 셀에 대해 정규화된 셀 진단 편차의 시계열 데이터를 생성(e5) 전체 배터리 셀의 정규화된 셀 진단 편차에 대한 표준편차에 의존하는 통계적 가변 임계치를 결정하는 단계;(e6) 각 배터리 셀의 정규화된 셀 진단 편차에 관한 시계열 데이터를 통계적 가변 임계치를 기준으로 필터링하여 필터 진단 값의 시계열 데이터를 생성하는 단계; 및(e7) 필터 진단 값이 진단 임계치를 초과하는 시간 또는 진단 임계치를 초과하는 필터 진단 값의 데이터 수로부터 배터리 셀의 전압 이상을 검출하는 단계;를 포함하는, 배터리 진단 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서,각 배터리 셀의 셀 전압의 시계열 데이터에 관한 프로파일은 미리 설정된 진단 개시 전압 이하의 전압 데이터를 포함하고 상기 전압 데이터가 측정된 시점 이후에 변곡점을 포함하는 것인, 배터리 진단 방법.
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| EP23807933.9A EP4484982B1 (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2023-05-18 | Battery diagnosing apparatus, battery diagnosing method, battery pack and electric vehicle |
| CN202380021975.XA CN119110904A (zh) | 2022-05-18 | 2023-05-18 | 电池诊断装置、电池诊断方法、电池组及车辆 |
| US18/834,691 US20250347752A1 (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2023-05-18 | Battery Diagnosing Apparatus, Battery Diagnosing Method, Battery Pack and Electric Vehicle |
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| DE102023128159A1 (de) * | 2023-07-27 | 2025-01-30 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Erzeugung einer vorhersage interner kurzschlüsse |
| CN120178059A (zh) * | 2025-05-21 | 2025-06-20 | 昆明理工大学 | 新能源汽车动力电池多故障诊断方法 |
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| KR20250125662A (ko) * | 2024-02-15 | 2025-08-22 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 배터리 관리 장치 및 그것의 동작 방법 |
| WO2026079714A1 (ko) * | 2024-10-08 | 2026-04-16 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 배터리 관리 장치 및 방법 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP4484982B1 (en) | 2026-04-08 |
| KR20230161377A (ko) | 2023-11-27 |
| US20250347752A1 (en) | 2025-11-13 |
| JP2025502294A (ja) | 2025-01-24 |
| EP4484982A4 (en) | 2025-06-18 |
| EP4484982A1 (en) | 2025-01-01 |
| CN119110904A (zh) | 2024-12-10 |
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