WO2023226199A1 - 电池及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023226199A1
WO2023226199A1 PCT/CN2022/110848 CN2022110848W WO2023226199A1 WO 2023226199 A1 WO2023226199 A1 WO 2023226199A1 CN 2022110848 W CN2022110848 W CN 2022110848W WO 2023226199 A1 WO2023226199 A1 WO 2023226199A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
buffer
squeezable
area
frame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/110848
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭海建
黄小腾
胡利军
江天宇
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to EP22943389.1A priority Critical patent/EP4507092A4/en
Publication of WO2023226199A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023226199A1/zh
Priority to US18/923,728 priority patent/US20250046934A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/291—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/293—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by the material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of batteries, and specifically to a battery and an electrical device.
  • Electric vehicles have become an important part of the sustainable development of the automobile industry due to their advantages in energy conservation and environmental protection.
  • battery technology is an important factor related to their development.
  • the battery core will expand, which will easily lead to lithium precipitation and affect the safety performance of the battery.
  • the present application provides a battery and a power device that can prevent lithium precipitation in the battery and improve the safety of the battery.
  • the present application provides a battery, the battery comprising: [0007] a plurality of battery cells, each of the battery cells facing the large surface of the adjacent battery cell. Having a non-squeezable area; [0008] A buffer structure is provided between two adjacent battery cells for blocking the two non-squeezable areas facing each other in the two adjacent battery cells.
  • the buffer structure is a buffer pad, and the compression rate of the buffer pad is N70% when subjected to a pressure of 1MPa; or [0010] the buffer structure includes a buffer frame and a buffer strip, and an escape hole is provided on the buffer frame, The projection of the escape hole toward the current battery cell covers the non-squeezable area, and the buffer strip is provided on the top of the buffer frame. [0011] In the above-mentioned battery, a buffer structure is provided between two adjacent battery cells. The buffer structure is used for two non-squeezable areas where the two battery cells face each other to prevent the two adjacent battery cells from collapsing.
  • the buffer strip is a strip structure that can rebound and has buffering ability, such as a silica gel strip, or a strip structure made of porous material.
  • the buffer strip can absorb the tolerance in the thickness direction when two adjacent battery cells are combined, which is conducive to grouping.
  • the buffer structure is a cushion pad, which is provided on the outer casing of the battery cell and at least covers the non-squeezable area.
  • the area of the cushion pad is S1, and the area of the large surface is S2, 0.7WS1/S2W0.98.
  • the buffer frame is configured as a loop frame.
  • the buffer frame is configured as a U-shaped frame.
  • the resilience of the buffer strip is better than the resilience of the buffer frame, and the hardness of the buffer strip is greater than the hardness of the buffer frame.
  • the large surface has a squeezable area surrounding the non-squeezable area, and the buffer strip is located within the squeezable area.
  • the squeezable area has a first squeezable area located on either side of the non-squeezable area in a first direction, and a first squeezable area located on either side of the non-squeezable area in a second direction.
  • the buffer structure has a first outer frame and a second outer frame respectively located in the first squeezable area and the second squeezable area;
  • the ratio of the width of the first outer frame to the width of the first extrudable area is 0.5-1; in the second direction, the ratio of the width of the second outer frame
  • the ratio of the width to the width of the second squeezable area is 0.5-1; wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the present application provides an electrical device, including the above-mentioned battery, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG 4 is a partial structural diagram of the battery shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is an internal schematic diagram of a battery cell in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the battery shown in Figure 6 from one perspective;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the battery shown in Figure 6 from another perspective
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the battery shown in Figure 9 from one perspective;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the battery shown in Figure 9 from another perspective;
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art understand, both explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two).
  • multiple groups refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and “multiple pieces” refers to It is more than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but are also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and electric cars, as well as in many fields such as military equipment and aerospace. . As the application fields of power batteries continue to expand, their market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • the battery core When the battery core expands, It may be squeezed with adjacent cells, causing stress concentration, which may lead to a reduction in the porosity of the electrode piece, affecting the infiltration of the electrode piece by the electrolyte, causing changes in the ion transmission path, causing lithium precipitation problems, and affecting the performance of the battery.
  • Safety performance when the battery core expands, It may be squeezed with adjacent cells, causing stress concentration, which may lead to a reduction in the porosity of the electrode piece, affecting the infiltration of the electrode piece by the electrolyte, causing changes in the ion transmission path, causing lithium precipitation problems, and affecting the performance of the battery.
  • Safety performance When the battery core expands, It may be squeezed with adjacent cells, causing stress concentration, which may lead to a reduction in
  • a buffer structure can be set up between two adjacent battery cells to isolate the two adjacent battery cells and prevent the battery core from directly contacting the adjacent battery core when it expands. It is squeezed due to contact to prevent stress concentration when the battery core expands, which can effectively avoid the problem of lithium deposition.
  • the battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used in, but are not limited to, electrical devices such as vehicles, ships, or aircrafts.
  • the power supply system of the electrical device can be composed of the battery cells and batteries disclosed in this application. In this way, it is helpful to alleviate and automatically adjust the deterioration of the expansion force of the battery core, supplement the electrolyte consumption, and improve the stability of battery performance and battery life. .
  • Embodiments of the present application provide an electrical device that uses a battery as a power source.
  • the electrical device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric vehicle, a ship, a spacecraft, etc.
  • electric toys can include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • the battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000 , and the battery 100 may be disposed at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 may serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300 .
  • the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to provide power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but also can be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of the battery 100 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a case 10 and battery cells 20 , and the battery cells 20 are accommodated in the case 10 .
  • the box 10 is used to provide an accommodation space for the battery cells 20, and the box 10 can adopt a variety of structures.
  • the box 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12 , the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a space for accommodating the battery cells 20 of accommodation space.
  • the second part 12 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first part 11 may be a plate-like structure.
  • the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12 so that the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a receiving space.
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 may also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 11 is covered with the open side of the second part 12.
  • the box 10 formed by the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, rectangular parallelepiped, etc.
  • the battery 100 there may be a plurality of battery cells 20, and the plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection.
  • Mixed connection means that the plurality of battery cells 20 are connected in series and in parallel.
  • the plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of the plurality of battery cells 20 can be accommodated in the box 10 ; of course, the battery 100 can also be a plurality of battery cells 20 First, the battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box 10 .
  • the battery 100 may also include other structures.
  • the battery 100 may further include a bus component for realizing electrical connections between multiple battery cells 20 .
  • Each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 20 may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit that constitutes the battery.
  • the battery cell 20 includes an end cover 21 , a case 22 , an electrode assembly 23 and other functional components.
  • the end cap 21 refers to a component that covers the opening of the case 22 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the end cap 21 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 22 to fit the housing 22 .
  • the end cap 21 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy). In this way, the end cap 21 is less likely to deform when subjected to extrusion and collision, so that the battery cell 20 can have higher durability. Structural strength and safety performance can also be improved.
  • the end cap 21 may be provided with functional components such as electrode terminals 21a.
  • the electrode terminal 21a may be used to electrically connect with the electrode assembly 23 for outputting or inputting electrical energy of the battery cell 20 .
  • the end cap 21 may also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold.
  • the end cap 21 can also be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • an insulating member may also be provided inside the end cover 21 , and the insulating member may be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 22 from the end cover 21 to reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the insulating member may be plastic, rubber, etc.
  • the housing 22 is a component used to cooperate with the end cover 21 to form an internal environment of the battery cell 20 , wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 23 , electrolyte, and other components.
  • the housing 22 and the end cover 21 may be independent components, and an opening may be provided on the housing 22.
  • the end cover 21 covers the opening at the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20.
  • the end cover 21 and the housing 22 can also be integrated.
  • the end cover 21 and the housing 22 can form a common connection surface before other components are put into the housing. When it is necessary to encapsulate the inside of the housing 22 At this time, the end cover 21 covers the housing 22 again.
  • the housing 22 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as rectangular parallelepiped, cylinder, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 22 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 23 .
  • the housing 22 may be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the electrode assembly 23 is a component in the battery cell 20 where electrochemical reactions occur.
  • One or more electrode assemblies 23 may be contained within the housing 22 .
  • the electrode assembly 23 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive electrode sheets and negative electrode sheets, and a separator is usually provided between the positive electrode sheets and the negative electrode sheets.
  • the portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet that contain active material constitute the main body of the electrode assembly, and the portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet that do not contain active material each constitute the tab 23a.
  • the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab can be located together at one end of the main body or respectively located at both ends of the main body. During the charging and discharging process of the battery, the positive active material and the negative active material react with the electrolyte, and the tabs 23a are connected to the electrode terminals to form a current loop.
  • a battery 100 which includes a plurality of battery cells 20 and a buffer structure 40 .
  • Each battery cell 20 faces the large surface of the adjacent battery cell 20 .
  • the buffer structure 40 is used to provide buffering for the battery cells 20 and prevent the battery cells 20 from being squeezed by adjacent battery cells 20 after expansion, thereby causing stress concentration.
  • the buffer structure 40 can provide a buffer space for the expansion of the battery cells 20 without affecting the adjacent battery cells 20 .
  • the buffer structure 40 itself can elastically deform and directly fill two adjacent battery cells. 20, when the battery cell 20 expands, the buffer structure 40 itself can adaptively shrink to provide a buffer space for the battery cell 20 and prevent two adjacent battery cells 20 from being directly squeezed.
  • the buffer structure 40 itself is provided with a buffer space. When the battery cell 20 expands, the buffer space can accommodate the expanded portion of the battery cell 20 and prevent the battery cell 20 from directly contacting the adjacent battery cell 20 . Extrusion causes stress concentration.
  • the casing 22 of the battery cell 20 has a plurality of outer surfaces, one of which faces the other battery cell 20 , which is the largest surface of the battery cell 20 , and generally speaking, among the multiple outer surfaces of the casing 22
  • the large surface has the largest area.
  • the electrode assembly inside the battery unit 20 has a central area 25 and a peripheral area 27 surrounding the central area 25.
  • the orthographic projection area of the central area 25 of the electrode assembly toward the large surface of the housing 22 is the middle area of each battery unit 20.
  • the non-squeezable area 32 that is, the central area 25 on the electrode assembly that cannot be squeezed corresponds to the non-squeezable area 32 on the large surface of the current battery cell.
  • the peripheral area 27 of the electrode assembly corresponds to the edge of the electrode assembly.
  • the specific width of the peripheral area 27 can be set according to actual conditions and is not limited here.
  • the electrode assembly inside the casing 22 may expand, thereby causing the casing 22 to expand.
  • the non-squeezable area 32 on the large surface of each battery cell 20 is
  • the non-squeezable area 32 on the housing 22 is also an area where the corresponding electrode assembly is prone to expand outward.
  • a buffer structure 40 is provided between two adjacent battery cells 20.
  • the buffer structure 40 is used for the two non-squeezable areas 32 of the two battery cells 20 facing each other to prevent the two adjacent battery cells from collapsing.
  • the two non-squeezable areas 32 of the body 20 are in direct contact, thus preventing stress concentration caused by extrusion when the non-squeezable areas 32 expand outward, preventing lithium deposition, and improving the safety performance of the battery 100 .
  • the buffer structure 40 is a buffer pad 42 .
  • the buffer pad 42 is provided on the outer casing of the battery cell 20 and at least covers the non-squeezable area 32 .
  • the cushion pad 42 is arranged in a sheet shape, has certain cushioning performance, can be elastically deformed, can be made of porous elastic material or rubber, and is directly attached to the battery cell 20 . In this way, it is equivalent to providing a buffer pad 42 between two adjacent non-squeezable areas 32.
  • the buffer pad 42 absorbs the expansion of the battery cell 20 and prevents the battery cell 20 from being squeezed when it expands to cause stress concentration and protection. Battery 100.
  • the compression rate is ⁇ 70%, that is, the resilience of the cushion pad 42 is higher, the space in which the cushion pad 42 can be compressed is larger, and better cushioning performance can be provided.
  • the material of the cushion pad 42 is microporous foamed polypropylene (MPP), foamed PU or foamed silicone rubber, etc., and has better cushioning performance.
  • the area of the cushion pad 42 is S1 and the area of the large surface is S2, 0.7 ⁇ S1/S2 ⁇ 0.98, so that the cushion pad 42 can effectively cover the non-squeezable area 32 on the large surface to ensure the buffering effect.
  • the buffer structure 40 is a buffer frame 44.
  • the buffer frame 44 is provided with an escape hole 441.
  • the escape hole 441 covers the non-squeezable area 32 toward the projection of the current battery cell 20. .
  • the buffer frame 44 is a frame-shaped structure, and an escape hole 441 is formed in the middle of the frame structure.
  • the escape hole 441 is opened corresponding to the non-squeezable area 32 to provide a buffer space for the expansion of the electrode assembly inside the battery cell 20 .
  • the buffer frame 44 is configured as a circular frame, that is, a frame structure that is closed from end to end; or, the buffer frame 44 is configured as a U-shaped frame, that is, the orthographic projection of the buffer frame 44 toward the large surface is U-shaped, and the U-shaped frame
  • An escape hole 441 is formed in the middle area.
  • an escape hole 441 corresponding to the non-squeezable area 32 is formed on the buffer frame 44.
  • the casing 22 of the battery cell 20 can be driven toward the escape hole 441 on the buffer frame 44.
  • 441 expands inside, and the avoidance hole 441 provides space for the expansion of the battery cell 20 to prevent the battery cell 20 from being squeezed by the adjacent battery cell 20 when it expands, and to prevent the battery cell 20 from being squeezed and causing stress concentration. And the problem of lithium precipitation occurs.
  • the buffer structure 40 further includes a buffer bar 46 , which is disposed on the top of the buffer frame 44 .
  • the buffer bar 46 has a resilience greater than that of the buffer frame 44 , and the buffer bar 46 has a hardness greater than that of the buffer frame 44 .
  • the top of the buffer frame 44 is the side of the battery cell 20 with the end cover 21 .
  • the large surface near the top of the end cover 21 has a larger edge space for arranging the buffer strip 46 .
  • the buffer strip 46 is a strip structure capable of rebounding and having buffering ability, such as a silicone strip or a strip structure made of porous material.
  • the resilience of the buffer strip 46 is better than that of the buffer frame 44 .
  • the buffer strip 46 can better absorb the tolerance in the thickness direction when two adjacent battery cells 20 are combined, which is beneficial to grouping.
  • the hardness of the buffer strip 46 is greater than the hardness of the buffer frame 44, and the overall structural strength of the battery 100 can be adjusted by providing the buffer strip 46 with a higher hardness. In this way, by combining the buffer frame 44 and the buffer strip 46, the buffer frame 44 can provide a buffer space to prevent the battery cells 20 from being squeezed.
  • the buffer strip 46 can also be used to facilitate grouping and improve the overall strength.
  • the large surface includes a squeezable area 34 surrounding the non-squeezable area 32, and the buffer strip 46 is located within the squeezable area 34. That is to say, the orthographic projection of the central area 25 of the electrode assembly toward the large surface is misaligned with the squeezable area 34.
  • the buffer strip 46 is arranged in the squeezable area 34, and the stronger buffer strip 46 will not be squeezed into the electrode assembly. Center area 25 to protect the electrode assembly.
  • the buffer frame 44 is completely located within the squeezable area 34 , thereby forming an escape hole 441 that completely covers the non-squeezable area 32 .
  • the squeezable area 34 has a first squeezable area 341 located on either side of the non-squeezable area 32 in the first direction, and a first squeezable area 341 located on either side of the non-squeezable area 32 in the second direction.
  • the buffer structure 40 has a first outer frame 52 and a second outer frame 54 respectively located in the first squeezable area 341 and the second squeezable area 343; in the first direction , the ratio of the width of the first outer frame 52 to the width of the first squeezable area 341 is 0.5-1; in the second direction, the width of the second outer frame 54 and the width of the second squeezable area 343 The ratio is 0.5-1; wherein, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the first direction is the left-right direction
  • the second direction is the up-down direction.
  • One end of the two first squeezable regions 341 is connected to a second squeezable region 343, and the other end of the two first squeezable regions 341 is connected to another second squeezable region 343, so that the two The first squeezable area 341 and the two second squeezable areas 343 are alternately connected to form the entire squeezable area 34 .
  • the ratio of the width of the first outer frame 52 to the width of the first squeezable area 341 is 0.5-1, that is, the first outer frame 52 occupies at least half of the first squeezable area 341 width to ensure the strength of the first outer frame 52.
  • the ratio of the width of the second outer frame 54 to the width of the second squeezable area 343 is 0.5-1, that is, the second outer frame 54 occupies at least half the width of the second squeezable area 343, The strength of the second outer frame 54 is ensured.
  • the first outer frame 52 and the second outer frame 54 can reserve a certain adhesion tolerance, for example, the first outer frame 52 and the second outer frame 54 can be aligned with the edges of the large surface. Leave a certain gap between them and do not need to completely overlap to facilitate pasting.
  • the second outer frame at the top is composed of a frame with the buffer frame 44 at the top and the buffer strip 46. That is, the second outer frame does not necessarily only include the buffer frame 44.
  • the upper frame may also include a buffer strip 46, and the buffer structure 40 located in the second squeezable area 343 may be collectively referred to as a second outer frame.
  • the present application also provides an electrical device, including the battery 100 described in any of the above solutions, and the battery 100 is used to provide electrical energy for the electrical device.
  • the power-consuming device may be any of the aforementioned devices or systems using the battery 100 .

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种电池及用电装置，所述电池包括：多个电池单体，每个所述电池单体面向与之相邻所述电池单体的大面上具有不可挤压区域；缓冲结构，设于相邻两个所述电池单体之间，用于阻隔相邻两个所述电池单体中相互面向的两个所述不可挤压区域。上述电池中，在相邻两个电池单体之间设置缓冲结构，缓冲结构用于两个电池单体相互面向的两个不可挤压区域，防止相邻两个电池单体的两个不可挤压区域直接接触，进而防止不可挤压区域向外膨胀时发生挤压产生应力集中，防止出现析锂的情况，提高电池的安全性能。

Description

电池及用电装置
交叉引用
本申请引用于2022年05月25日递交的名称为“电池及用电装置”的第2022212642269号中国专利申请，其通过引用被全部并入本申请。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，具体涉及一种电池及用电装置。
背景技术
节能减排是汽车产业可持续发展的关键，电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。对于电动车辆而言，电池技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
电池在充放电的使用过程中，电芯会发生膨胀，进而容易出现析锂情况，影响电池的安全性能。
发明内容
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[0005]鉴于上述问题，本申请提供一种电池及用电装置，能够防止电池出现析锂的情况，提高电池的安全性月匕。
[0006]第一方面，本申请提供了一种电池，所述电池包括:[0007]多个电池单体，每个所述电池单体面向与之相邻所述电池单体的大面上具有不可挤压区域;[0008]缓冲结构，设于相邻两个所述电池单体之间，用于阻隔相邻两个所述电池单体中相互面向的两个所述不可挤压区域;[0009]所述缓冲结构为缓冲垫，所述缓冲垫受到IMpa压力时压缩率N70%;或者[0010]所述缓冲结构包括缓冲框和缓冲条，所述缓冲框上开设有避让孔，所述避让孔朝向当前所在的所述电池单体的投影覆盖所述不可挤压区域，所述缓冲条设于所述缓冲框顶部。
[0011]上述电池中，在相邻两个电池单体之间设置缓冲结构，缓冲结构用于两个电池单体相互面向的两个不可挤压区域，防止相邻两个电池单体的两个不可挤压区域直接接触，进而防止不可挤压区域向外膨胀时发生挤压产生应力集中，防止出现析锂的情况，提高电池的安全性能。并且，缓冲条为能够反弹具有缓冲能力的条状结构，例如为硅胶条，或者多孔材质的条形结构，缓冲条可以吸收相邻两个电池单体组合时厚度方向的公差，有利于成组。
[0012]在其中一个实施例中，所述缓冲结构为缓冲垫，所述缓冲垫设于所述电池单体的外壳上，且至少覆盖所述不可挤压区域。
[0013]在其中一个实施例中，所述缓冲垫的面积为S1,所述大面的面积为S2,0.7WS1/S2W0.98。
[0014]在其中一个实施例中，所述缓冲框被构造为回形框。
[0015]在其中一个实施例中，所述缓冲框被构造为U型框。
[0016]在其中一个实施例中，所述缓冲条的回弹性优于所述缓冲框的回弹性，且所述缓冲条的硬度大于所述缓冲框的硬度。
[0017]在其中一个实施例中，所述大面上具有围绕所述不可挤压区域的可挤压区域，所述缓冲条位于所述可挤压区域内。
[0018]在其中一个实施例中，所述可挤压区域具有在第一方向上位于所述不可挤压区域任意一侧的第一可挤压区域、及在第二方向上位于所述不可挤压区域任意一侧的第二可挤压区域;所述缓冲结构具有分别位于所述第一可挤压区域及所述第二可挤压区域内的第一外框和第二外框;[0019]在第一方向上，所述第一外框的宽度，与所述第一可挤压区域的宽度之比为0.5-1；在所述第二方向上，所述第二外框的宽度，与所述第二可挤压区域的宽度之比为0.5-1；其中,所述第二方向与所述第一方向垂直。
[0020]第二方面，本申请提供了一种用电装置，包括上述电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
[0021]上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
通过阅读对下文实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本申请的限制。而且在全部附图中，用相同的附图标号表示相同的部件。在附图中：
图1为本申请一些实施例的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例的电池的分解结构示意图；
图3为本申请一些实施例的电池单体的分解结构示意图；
图4为图2所示电池的部分结构示意图；
图5为本申请一实施例中电池单体的内部示意图；
图6为本申请一实施例中电池的结构示意图；
图7为图6所示电池一个视角的截面示意图；
图8为图6所示电池另一视角的截面示意图；
图9为本申请另一实施例中电池的结构示意图；
图10为图9所示电池一个视角的截面示意图；
图11为图9所示电池另一视角的截面示意图；
具体实施方式中的附图标号如下：
1000、车辆；100、电池；200、控制器；300、马达；10、箱体；11、第一部分；12、第二部分；20、电池单体；21、端盖；21a、电极端子；22、壳体；23、电极组件；23a、极耳；25、中心区域；27、外围区域；32、不可挤压区域；34、可挤压区域；341、第一可挤压区域；343、第二可挤压区域；40、缓冲结构；42、缓冲垫；44、缓冲框；441、避让孔；46、缓冲条；52、第一外框；54、第二外框。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
本发明人注意到，随着电池的充放电循环中正极活性物质和负极活动物质嵌入或脱出离子，电芯体现副反应堆积厚度及石墨片层剥离等导致电芯会发生膨胀，电芯膨胀时可能会与相邻的电芯发生挤压而导致应力集中，进而可能会导致极片孔隙率降低影响电解液对极片的 浸润，引起离子传输路径发生改变，带来析锂问题，影响电池的安全性能。
为了防止电芯出现析锂问题，发明人研究发现，可以在相邻两个电芯之间设置缓冲结构，来隔离相邻的两个电芯，防止电芯膨胀时与相邻的电芯直接接触而受到挤压，防止电芯膨胀时应力集中，能够有效避免析锂问题。
本申请实施例公开的电池单体可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电装置中。可以使用具备本申请公开的电池单体、电池等组成该用电装置的电源系统，这样，有利于缓解并自动调节电芯膨胀力恶化，补充电解液消耗，提升电池性能的稳定性和电池寿命。
本申请实施例提供一种使用电池作为电源的用电装置，用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的分解示意图。电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20，电池单体20容纳于箱体10内。其中，箱体10用于为电池单体20提供容纳空间，箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体10可以包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11与第二部分12相互盖合，第一部分11和第二部分12共同限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳空间。第二部分12可以为一端开口的空心结构，第一部分11可以为板状结构，第一部分11盖合于第二部分12的开口侧，以使第一部分11与第二部分12共同限定出容纳空间；第一部分11和第二部分12也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构，第一部分11的开口侧盖合于第二部分12的开口侧。当然，第一部分11和第二部分12形成的箱体10可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
在电池100中，电池单体20可以是多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内；当然，电池100也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体10内。电池100还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池100还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接。
其中，每个电池单体20可以为二次电池或一次电池；还可以是锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限于此。电池单体20可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。
请参照图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的分解结构示意图。电池单体20是指组成电池的最小单元。如图3，电池单体20包括有端盖21、壳体22、电极组件23以及其他的功能性部件。
端盖21是指盖合于壳体22的开口处以将电池单体20的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。不限地，端盖21的形状可以与壳体22的形状相适应以配合壳体22。可选地，端盖21可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质(如铝合金)制成，这样，端盖21在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体20能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。端盖21上可以设置有如电极端子21a等的功能性部件。电极端子21a可以用于与电极组件23电连接，以用于输出或输入电池单体20的电能。在一些实施例中，端盖21上还可以设置有用于在电池单体20的内部压力或温度达到阈值时泄放内部压力的泄压机构。端盖21的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。在一些实施例中，在端盖21的内侧还可以设置有绝缘件，绝缘件可以用于隔离壳体22内的电连接部件与端盖21，以降低短路的风险。示例性的，绝缘件可以是塑料、橡胶等。
壳体22是用于配合端盖21以形成电池单体20的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电极组件23、电解液以及其他部件。壳体22和端盖21可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体22上设置开口，通过在开口处使端盖21盖合开口以形成电池单体20的内部环境。不限地，也可以使端盖21和壳体22一体化，具体地，端盖21和壳体22可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连接面，当需要封装壳体22的内部时，再使端盖21盖合壳体22。壳体22可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体22的形状可以根据电极组件23的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体22的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
电极组件23是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体22内可以包含一个或更多个电极组件23。电极组件23主要由正极片和负极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，并且通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔膜。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电极组件的主体部，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳23a。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部的一端或是分别位于主体部的两端。在电池的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳23a连接电极端子以形成电流回路。
参阅图4-图5，本申请一实施例中，提供一种电池100，包括多个电池单体20及缓冲结构40，每个电池单体20面向与之相邻电池单体20的大面上具有不可挤压区域32；缓冲结构40，设于相邻两个电池单体20之间，用于阻隔相邻两个电池单体20中相互面向的两个不可挤压区域32。
缓冲结构40，用于为电池单体20提供缓冲，防止电池单体20膨胀后与相邻电池单体20挤压而产生应力集中。具体而言，缓冲结构40能够为电池单体20的膨胀提供缓冲空间，而避免影响相邻的电池单体20，例如缓冲结构40自身能够弹性形变，且直接填充在相邻两个电池单体20之间，当电池单体20膨胀时缓冲结构40自身便可适应性收缩来为电池单体20提供缓冲空间，避免相邻两个电池单体20直接挤压。又例如，缓冲结构40本身上开设有缓冲空间，当电池单体20膨胀时可通过缓冲空间来收容电池单体20膨胀的部分，亦可以防止电池单体20与相邻的电池单体20直接挤压而导致应力集中。
电池单体20的壳体22具有多个外表面，其中的一个表面面向另一电池单体20，该表面为电池单体20的大面，并且通常来说壳体22的多个外表面中大面的面积最大。
电池单体20内部的电极组件具有中心区域25及围绕中心区域25的外围区域27，电极组件的中心区域25朝向壳体22大面上的正投影区域为每个电池单体20中大面上的不可挤压区域32，即电极组件上不能被挤压的中心区域25与当前所在电池单体大面上的不可挤压区域32对应。可以理解地，电极组件的外围区域27对应电极组件的边缘，具体外围区域27的宽度可根据实际情况进行设定，在此不做限定。
电池单体20在充放电的循环过程中，壳体22内部的电极组件会可能会发生膨胀进而会使壳体22膨胀，每个电池单体20中大面上的不可挤压区域32即为壳体22上的不可挤压区域32，亦为对应电极组件容易向外膨胀的区域。
上述电池100中，在相邻两个电池单体20之间设置缓冲结构40，缓冲结构40用于两个电池单体20相互面向的两个不可挤压区域32，防止相邻两个电池单体20的两个不可挤压区域32直接接触，进而防止不可挤压区域32向外膨胀时发生挤压产生应力集中，防止出现析锂的情况，提高电池100的安全性能。
参阅图6-图8，一些实施例中，缓冲结构40为缓冲垫42，缓冲垫42设于电池单体20的外壳上，且至少覆盖不可挤压区域32。缓冲垫42呈片状设置，具有一定的缓冲性能，自身能够弹性变形，可以由多孔弹性材料或者橡胶等材质制成，且直接粘贴于电池单体20上。如此，相当于在相邻两个不可挤压区域32之间设置缓冲垫42，通过缓冲垫42来吸收电池单体20的膨胀，防止电池单体20膨胀时受到挤压而产生应力集中，保护电池100。
进一步地，缓冲垫42受到1Mpa压力时压缩率≥70％，即缓冲垫42的回弹性能较高，缓冲垫42能够被压缩的空间更大，能够提供更好的缓冲性能。具体地，缓冲垫42的材质为微孔发泡聚丙烯(MPP)、发泡PU或者发泡硅橡胶等，具有较佳的缓冲性能。
可选地，缓冲垫42的面积为S1，大面的面积为S2，0.7≤S1/S2≤0.98，以使缓冲垫42有效覆盖大面上的不可挤压区域32，保证缓冲效果。
参阅图9-图11，另一些实施例中，缓冲结构40为缓冲框44，缓冲框44上开设有避让孔441，避让孔441朝向当前所在的电池单体20的投影覆盖不可挤压区域32。
缓冲框44为一个框型结构，框型结构的中间形成避让孔441，避让孔441对应不可挤压区域32开设，为电池单体20内部的电极组件膨胀提供缓冲空间。例如，缓冲框44被构造为回形框，即首尾闭合的框体结构；或者，缓冲框44被构造为U型框，即缓冲框44朝向大面的正投影为U型，U型框的中间区域形成避让孔441。
具体地，缓冲框44上形成对应不可挤压区域32的避让孔441，当电池单体20内部的电极组件发生膨胀时，可带动电池单体20的壳体22向缓冲框44上的避让孔441内膨胀，避让孔441为电池单体20的膨胀提供空间，避免电池单体20膨胀时和与之相邻的电池单体20发生挤压，防止电池单体20被挤压而因为应力集中而产生析锂的问题。
进一步地，缓冲结构40还包括缓冲条46，缓冲条46设于缓冲框44顶部；缓冲条46的回弹性优于缓冲框44的回弹性，且缓冲条46的硬度大于缓冲框44的硬度。
其中，缓冲框44顶部为电池单体20具有端盖21的一侧，对于电池单体20而言大面上靠近端盖21的顶部具有较大的边缘空间可用来布设缓冲条46。缓冲条46为能够反弹具有缓冲能力的条状结构，例如为硅胶条，或者多孔材质的条形结构。
并且，缓冲条46的回弹性优于缓冲框44的回弹性，缓冲条46可以更好的吸收相邻两个电池单体20组合时厚度方向的公差，有利于成组。另外，缓冲条46的硬度大于缓冲框44的硬度，通过设置硬度更大的缓冲条46可调电池100整体的结构强度。如此，结合缓冲框44和缓冲条46，即可以通过缓冲框44提供缓冲空间，防止电池单体20被挤压，还可以通过缓冲条46来便于成组并提高整体强度。
更进一步地，大面包括围绕不可挤压区域32的可挤压区域34，缓冲条46位于可挤压区域34内。也就是说，电极组件的中心区域25朝向大面的正投影与可挤压区域34错位，可挤压区域34内布置缓冲条46，强度较大的缓冲条46不会挤压到电极组件的中心区域25，以保护电极组件。可选地，缓冲框44完全位于可挤压区域34内，进而可形成完全覆盖不可挤压区域32的避让孔441。
具体到本实施例中，可挤压区域34具有在第一方向上位于不可挤压区域32任意一侧的第一可挤压区域341、及在第二方向上位于不可挤压区域32任意一侧的第二可挤压区域343；缓冲结构40具有分别位于第一可挤压区域341及第二可挤压区域343内的第一外框52和第二外框54；在第一方向上，第一外框52的宽度，与第一可挤压区域341的宽度之比为0.5-1；在第二方向上，第二外框54的宽度，与第二可挤压区域343的宽度之比为0.5-1；其中，第二方向与第一方向垂直。
其中，在图2所示的附图中，第一方向为左右方向，第二方向为上下方向。在第一方向上具有两个位于不可挤压区域32两侧的第一可挤压区域341，在第二方向上具有两个位于不可挤压区域32两侧的第二可挤压区域343，相当于两个第一可挤压区域341的一端连接有一第二可挤压区域343，两个第一可挤压区域341的另一端连接有另一第二可挤压区域343，如此两个第一可挤压区域341和两个第二可挤压区域343两两交错连接形成整个可挤压区域34。
并且，在第一方向上，第一外框52的宽度，与第一可挤压区域341的宽度之比为0.5-1，即第一外框52至少占第一可挤压区域341的一半宽度，保证第一外框52的强度。在第二方向上，第二外框54的宽度，与第二可挤压区域343的宽度之比为0.5-1，即第二外框54至少占第二可挤压区域343的一半宽度，保证第二外框54的强度。可以理解地，为了便于固定粘贴缓冲结构40，第一外框52及第二外框54可预留一定的粘贴公差，例如使第一外框52及第二外框54与大面的边缘之间预留一定的间隙，不需要完全重合，以方便粘贴。
另外，对于包括缓冲框44和缓冲条46的缓冲结构40，顶部的第二外框由缓冲框44位于顶部的框体和缓冲条46组合构成，即第二外框不一定只包括缓冲框44上的框体，还可以包括缓冲条46，对位于第二可挤压区域343内的缓冲结构40可组合统称为第二外框。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种用电装置，包括以上任一方案所述的电池100，并且电池100用于为用电装置提供电能。
用电装置可以是前述任一应用电池100的设备或系统。
以上实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各 个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池，所述电池包括：
    多个电池单体，每个所述电池单体面向与之相邻所述电池单体的大面上具有不可挤压区域；
    缓冲结构，设于相邻两个所述电池单体之间，用于阻隔相邻两个所述电池单体中相互面向的两个所述不可挤压区域；
    所述缓冲结构为缓冲垫，所述缓冲垫受到1Mpa压力时压缩率≥70％；或者
    所述缓冲结构包括缓冲框和缓冲条，所述缓冲框上开设有避让孔，所述避让孔朝向当前所在的所述电池单体的投影覆盖所述不可挤压区域，所述缓冲条设于所述缓冲框顶部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其中，所述缓冲结构为缓冲垫，所述缓冲垫设于所述电池单体的外壳上，且至少覆盖所述不可挤压区域。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池，其中，所述缓冲垫的面积为S1，所述大面的面积为S2，0.7≤S1/S2≤0.98。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其中，所述缓冲框被构造为回形框。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其中，所述缓冲框被构造为U型框。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任意一项所述电池，其中，所述缓冲条的回弹性优于所述缓冲框的回弹性，且所述缓冲条的硬度大于所述缓冲框的硬度。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池，其中，所述大面上具有围绕所述不可挤压区域的可挤压区域，所述缓冲条位于所述可挤压区域内。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池，其中，所述可挤压区域具有在第一方向上位于所述不可挤压区域任意一侧的第一可挤压区域、及在第二方向上位于所述不可挤压区域任意一侧的第二可挤压区域；所述缓冲结构具有分别位于所述第一可挤压区域及所述第二可挤压区域内的第一外框和第二外框；
    在第一方向上，所述第一外框的宽度，与所述第一可挤压区域的宽度之比为0.5-1；在所述第二方向上，所述第二外框的宽度，与所述第二可挤压区域的宽度之比为0.5-1；其中，所述第二方向与所述第一方向垂直。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池，其中，当所述缓冲结构包括所述缓冲框和所述缓冲条时，顶部的所述第二框包括所述缓冲框位于顶部的框体和所述缓冲条。
  10. 一种用电装置，包括上述权利要求1-9任意一项所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
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