WO2023226859A1 - 一种段路由策略处理方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种段路由策略处理方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023226859A1
WO2023226859A1 PCT/CN2023/094919 CN2023094919W WO2023226859A1 WO 2023226859 A1 WO2023226859 A1 WO 2023226859A1 CN 2023094919 W CN2023094919 W CN 2023094919W WO 2023226859 A1 WO2023226859 A1 WO 2023226859A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
policy
path
identification information
forwarding
candidate
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PCT/CN2023/094919
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨帆
董杰
方晟
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to EP23810932.6A priority Critical patent/EP4521701A4/en
Publication of WO2023226859A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023226859A1/zh
Priority to US18/957,018 priority patent/US20250088459A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/50—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using label swapping, e.g. multi-protocol label switch [MPLS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/22—Alternate routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/24—Multipath
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/34—Source routing

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular, to a segment routing policy processing method and device.
  • Segment routing (SR) policy is a new tunnel traffic diversion technology developed based on SR technology.
  • SR Policy consists of three parts: headend (node generated by SR Policy), Color (used to indicate the service quality requirements of different services), and tailend (destination address of SR Policy).
  • the SR Policy path is represented as a segment list (Segment List) of the specified path, which is called SID List (Segment ID List).
  • SID List Segment ID List
  • Each SID list is an end-to-end path from source to destination and instructs devices on the network to follow the specified path. If a packet is imported into an SR Policy, the SID list is added to the packet by the headend, and the rest of the network executes the instructions embedded in the SID list.
  • an SR Policy includes multiple candidate paths (Candidate Path), and each candidate path represents a specific way to transmit traffic from the head end to the tail end of the corresponding SR Policy.
  • Each candidate path has a preference value (Preference), and the higher the preference value of the path, the more preferred it is.
  • the headend will select the optimal candidate path as the transmission path of the data packet based on the preference value of each candidate path. That is, the headend node can only determine the transmission path from multiple candidate paths based on the preference value of the candidate path, and cannot provide more processing methods, which affects the quality of service transmission.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a segment routing policy processing method and device to provide more processing behaviors for network equipment and improve the diversity of processing behaviors and service transmission performance.
  • a method for processing segment routing includes: a first network device obtains a segment routing SR policy, the segment routing SR policy includes identification information, and the identification information indicates the SR policy, the SR policy.
  • the first network device determines a corresponding processing behavior of at least one of the SR policy, the candidate path in the SR policy, and the candidate path mid-section list according to the identification information. That is, in this application, the first network device obtains the SR policy, and the SR policy includes identification information.
  • the identification information indicates the type of at least one of the SR policy, the candidate path in the SR policy, and the candidate path mid-section list.
  • the first network device determines the type related to the SR policy through the identification information, and then determines the processing behavior matching the type. That is, the first network device can determine different processing behaviors based on the identification information in the SR policy, and then use the determined processing behaviors to implement service transmission, instead of using a single processing behavior for service transmission, thereby improving the flexibility and flexibility of processing services. Diversity.
  • the type includes a multi-transmit and selective-receive type, and the multi-transmit and selective-receive type indicates that at least two forwarding paths are determined through an SR policy, and the at least two forwarding paths are used to send the same service message.
  • the first network device determines at least one corresponding processing behavior among the SR policy, the candidate path in the SR policy, and the candidate path mid-section list according to the identification information, including: the first network device determines from the SR policy according to the identification information At least one of the candidate paths in the policy, the SR policy, and the candidate path mid-section list determines at least two forwarding paths; the first network device copies the first service message to obtain the second service message; the first network device passes at least two forwarding paths respectively. The first forwarding path in the path sends the first service message and the second forwarding path sends the second service message.
  • the first network device can use multiple candidate paths with the same preference value as forwarding paths according to the identification information, so as to use the multiple forwarding paths for multiple transmissions, and no longer select from multiple transmission paths based on other parameters. Select an optimal path as the forwarding path among candidate paths with the same preference value to increase the processing method of SR policy and the service transmission quality.
  • the first network device is an intermediate node on the forwarding path, and the first network device sends the first service message and the second forwarding path through the first forwarding path of at least two forwarding paths.
  • Sending the second service message includes: the first network device encapsulates the path information of the first forwarding path in the first service message and encapsulates the path information of the second forwarding path in the second service message; the first network device The encapsulated first service message is sent through the first forwarding path and the encapsulated second service message is sent through the second forwarding path respectively. That is, in this application, the corresponding path information in the two messages obtained by copying is used to realize multiple transmission of service messages and improve the service transmission quality.
  • the first network device encapsulates the path information of the first forwarding path in the first service packet and encapsulates the path information of the second forwarding path in the second service packet, including: first The network device encapsulates a first message header in the outer layer of the first service message, and the first message header includes path information of the first forwarding path; the first network device encapsulates the second message in the outer layer of the second service message. header, the second packet header includes the path information of the second forwarding path; or, the first network device inserts the path information of the first forwarding path into the segment routing header (source routing head, SRH) of the first service packet; A network device inserts the path information of the second forwarding path into the SRH of the second service packet. That is, in this application, the path information of the determined forwarding path can be carried through multiple encapsulation methods, thereby realizing multiple transmission and selective reception and ensuring service transmission quality.
  • At least two forwarding paths are at least two candidate paths in the SR policy; when the identification information indicates that the candidate paths in the SR policy When the type is the multi-transmit and selective-receive type and at least two candidate paths in the SR policy correspond to identification information, at least two forwarding paths are at least two candidate paths in the SR policy; when the identification information indicates the type of the candidate path in the SR policy When it is a multi-transmit and selective-receive type and one candidate path in the SR policy corresponds to identification information, at least two forwarding paths are paths corresponding to at least two segment lists in the candidate paths in the SR policy; when the identification information indicates the candidate paths in the SR policy When the type of the intermediate segment list is the multi-transmission and selective-receive type and at least two segment lists in the candidate paths correspond to identification information, the at least two forwarding paths are paths corresponding to at least two segment lists.
  • the type includes a composite type
  • the composite type indicates that the SR policy includes nested sub-SR policies.
  • the first network device determines at least one corresponding processing behavior among the SR policy, the candidate path, and the segment list based on the identification information, including: the first network device determines the SR policy, the SR policy based on the identification information.
  • the forwarding path is determined from the candidate path and at least one corresponding sub-SR policy in the candidate path mid-section list; the first network device sends the service message according to the forwarding path.
  • the identification information when the identification information indicates the type of the candidate path in the SR policy, the identification information is carried in the field corresponding to the binding segment identifier (Binding SID, BSID) of the candidate path.
  • the identification information is carried in the behavior field corresponding to the BSID of the candidate path.
  • the BSID subtype length value includes For the newly added BSID behavior field, the identification information is carried in the behavior field; or the identification information is carried in the new BSID behavior sub-TLV.
  • the identification information is carried in a flag field or a reserved field in the BSID sub-TLV.
  • the identification information when the identification information indicates the type of the candidate path in the SR policy, the identification information is carried in the flag sub-TLV corresponding to the candidate path.
  • the identification information when the identification information indicates the type of the candidate path in the SR policy, the identification information carries a new indication field sub-TLV in the candidate path.
  • the identification information when the identification information indicates the type of the candidate path in the SR policy, the identification information carries the association information in the SR policy.
  • the identification information is carried in a reserved field of the candidate path identifier sub-TLV corresponding to the association information.
  • the identification information carries the association TLV added in the association information.
  • a segment routing policy sending method includes: the controller obtains the SR policy, the SR policy includes identification information, and the identification information indicates the SR policy, the candidate path in the SR policy, and the candidate path. A type of at least one of the mid-section lists; the controller sends the SR policy to the first network device.
  • the type includes a multi-transmit and selective-receive type, and the multi-transmit and selective-receive type indicates that at least two forwarding paths are determined through an SR policy, and the at least two forwarding paths are used to send the same service message.
  • the type includes a composite type
  • the composite type indicates that the SR policy includes nested sub-SR policies.
  • a segment routing policy processing device includes: an acquisition unit for acquiring the segment routing SR policy.
  • the segment routing SR policy includes identification information, and the identification information indicates the SR policy and the candidates in the SR policy.
  • the type of at least one of the path and the candidate path mid-section list ; a determination unit configured for the first network device to determine the processing behavior corresponding to at least one of the SR policy, the candidate path in the SR policy, and the candidate path mid-section list based on the identification information.
  • the type includes a multi-transmit and selective-receive type, and the multi-transmit and selective-receive type indicates that at least two forwarding paths are determined through the SR policy, and the at least two forwarding paths are used to send the same service message.
  • the determining unit includes: a determining subunit, a copying subunit, and a sending subunit; the determining subunit is used to select the SR policy, the candidate path in the SR policy, and the candidate path mid-section list according to the identification information. At least one of the two forwarding paths determines at least two forwarding paths; the copying subunit is used to copy the first service message and obtain the second service message; the sending subunit is used to send through the first forwarding path of the at least two forwarding paths. The first service message and the second forwarding path send the second service message.
  • the device where the device is located is an intermediate node on the forwarding path
  • the sending subunit is specifically used to encapsulate the path information of the first forwarding path in the first service message and to encapsulate the path information of the first forwarding path in the second service message.
  • Path information of the second forwarding path is encapsulated in the message; the encapsulated first service message is sent through the first forwarding path and the encapsulated second service message is sent through the second forwarding path.
  • the sending subunit is specifically used to encapsulate the first packet in the outer layer of the first service packet.
  • the first message header includes the path information of the first forwarding path; the second message header is encapsulated in the outer layer of the second service message, and the second message header includes the path information of the second forwarding path; or, in The path information of the first forwarding path is inserted into the segment routing header SRH of the first service message; the path information of the second forwarding path is inserted into the SRH of the second service message.
  • the at least two forwarding paths are at least two candidate paths in the SR policy
  • the at least two forwarding paths are at least two candidate paths in the SR policy;
  • the identification information indicates that the type of the candidate path in the SR policy is the multiple-transmit-selective-receive type and one candidate path in the SR policy corresponds to the identification information
  • at least two forwarding paths correspond to at least two segment lists in the candidate paths in the SR policy. path;
  • the at least two forwarding paths are paths corresponding to at least two segment lists.
  • the type includes a composite type
  • the composite type indicates that the SR policy includes nested sub-SR policies.
  • the determining unit is specifically configured to determine the forwarding path from at least one corresponding sub-SR policy in the SR policy, the candidate path in the SR policy, and the candidate path mid-section list according to the identification information; send according to the forwarding path Business messages.
  • the identification information when the identification information indicates the type of the candidate path in the SR policy, the identification information is carried in a field corresponding to the binding segment identifier BSID of the candidate path.
  • the identification information is carried in the behavior field corresponding to the BSID of the candidate path.
  • the BSID subtype length value TLV includes a new BSID behavior field, and the identification information is carried in the behavior field; or the identification information Carried in the newly added BSID behavioral sub-TLV.
  • the identification information is carried in a flag field or a reserved field in the BSID sub-TLV.
  • the identification information when the identification information indicates the type of the candidate path in the SR policy, the identification information is carried in the flag sub-TLV corresponding to the candidate path.
  • the identification information when the identification information indicates the type of the candidate path in the SR policy, the identification information carries a new indication field sub-TLV in the candidate path.
  • the identification information when the identification information indicates the type of the candidate path in the SR policy, the identification information carries the association information in the SR policy.
  • the identification information is carried in a reserved field of the candidate path identifier sub-TLV corresponding to the association information.
  • the identification information carries the association TLV added in the association information.
  • a segment routing policy sending device which includes: an obtaining unit and a sending unit.
  • the obtaining unit is used to obtain the SR policy, and the SR policy includes identification information, and the identification information indicates the type of at least one of the SR policy, the candidate path in the SR policy, and the candidate path mid-section list; the sending unit is used to send the first The network device sends the SR policy.
  • the type includes a multi-transmit and selective-receive type, and the multi-transmit and selective-receive type indicates that at least two forwarding paths are determined through an SR policy, and the at least two forwarding paths are used to send the same service message.
  • the type includes a composite type
  • the composite type indicates that the SR policy includes nested sub-SR policies.
  • a network system for segment routing policy processing includes a controller and a first network device.
  • the first network device is configured to perform the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect;
  • the controller is configured to perform the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect. .
  • a network device in a sixth aspect of the present application, includes: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store instructions or computer programs; the processor is used to execute all the instructions in the memory.
  • the instructions or computer program are configured to cause the network device to execute the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when run on a processor, implement the method described in the above first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • a chip including: an interface circuit and a processor.
  • the interface circuit and the processor are
  • the processor is connected to a processor, and the processor is configured to cause the chip to execute the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect; or to execute the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect. method.
  • the first network device obtains the SR policy, which includes identification information.
  • the identification information indicates the type of at least one of the SR policy, the candidate path in the SR policy, and the candidate path mid-section list.
  • the first network device determines the type related to the SR policy through the identification information, and then determines the processing behavior matching the type. That is, the first network device can determine different processing behaviors based on the identification information in the SR policy, and then use the determined processing behaviors to implement service transmission, instead of using a single processing behavior for service transmission, thereby improving the flexibility and flexibility of processing services. Diversity.
  • Figure 1a is an application scenario diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 1b is another application scenario diagram provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a flow chart of a segment routing policy processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an SR strategy provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4a is a schematic diagram of a scenario corresponding to a path-level identification provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 4b is a schematic diagram of a scenario corresponding to another path-level identification provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4c is a schematic diagram of a scenario corresponding to a segment list-level identifier provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 5a is a schematic diagram of a message sending application scenario provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5b is a schematic diagram of another message sending application scenario provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6a is a schematic structural diagram of a BSID attribute TLV provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6b is a schematic structural diagram of adding a new behavior field in the BSID attribute TLV provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 6c is a schematic structural diagram of a new BSID attribute sub-TLV provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an extended flag field provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8a is a schematic diagram of carrying identification information through the type field of a candidate path provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8b is a schematic diagram of a carrying type field provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9a is a schematic structural diagram of a candidate path identifier sub-TLV provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9b is a schematic structural diagram of a new associated TLV provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a flow chart of an SR policy sending method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is a structural diagram of a segment routing policy processing device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is a structural diagram of an SR policy sending device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 13 is a structural diagram of a network device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 14 is a structural diagram of another network device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • an optimal candidate path will first be selected from multiple candidate paths as the forwarding path based on the preference value corresponding to each candidate path in the SR policy. When multiple candidate paths have the same preference value, an optimal path will be selected as the forwarding path based on other parameters.
  • the forwarding path will be used to transmit the service flow.
  • the head node needs to re-determine the forwarding path and then use the new forwarding path to forward subsequent services. Since it takes time for the head node to re-determine the forwarding path, the service forwarding efficiency is affected.
  • the SR redundancy policy (Redundancy Policy), referred to as the R policy, is proposed for the SR policy to achieve redundant protection of segment routing.
  • This redundancy protection strategy is used to enable packet replication between replication nodes and merging nodes to guide the same data flow through different forwarding paths in the SR domain for multiple transmissions. That is, a new type of SR policy is defined, which is the multi-transmit and selective-receive type.
  • the SR redundancy protection strategy can use multiple candidate paths with the same preference value as forwarding paths to use multiple forwarding paths for multiple transmissions, instead of selecting multiple preference values based on other parameters. Select an optimal path from the same candidate path as the forwarding path, and add a processing method for the SR policy.
  • the controller delivers the SR redundancy protection policy to the R1 node and specifies the node Red as the replication node in the policy.
  • R1 receives the data packet, it determines a forwarding path according to the redundancy protection policy.
  • the forwarding path is R1 -Red-R3-Mer-R2.
  • R1 encapsulates the segment list corresponding to the forwarding path and the replication node Red in the data packet.
  • Red receives the data packet, it determines based on the tail node R2 in the segment list that there are two forwarding paths to the tail node: Red-R3-Mer-R2 and Red-R4-Mer-R2, copy the data packet and obtain two data packets.
  • the Red node encapsulates a segment list of the forwarding path in two data packets and forwards them. After the two data packets are forwarded to the merging node Mer, Mer selects and receives them based on the metadata in the data packets in order to transmit the first received data packet in the same data flow to the tail node R2 and eliminate redundant data. Bag.
  • Metadata includes the flow identifier and sequence number of the service flow corresponding to the data packet.
  • the flow identifier is used to identify a specific service flow
  • the sequence number is used to identify different message sequences in the service flow.
  • each of the above nodes can be network equipment such as routers and switches; it can also be a part of the components on the network equipment, such as a single board or line card on the network equipment; it can also be a functional module on the network equipment, etc.
  • the SR policy sent by the controller to the R1 node is a composite type SR policy.
  • the SR policy includes two nested SR policies, POL1 and POL2, whose corresponding colors are 1 and 2 respectively, and The head end and tail end coincide with POL100, the head end is R1, and the tail end is R2.
  • POL1 and POL2 are referenced to POL100 according to the corresponding color values, and the corresponding candidate paths of POL1 and POL2 are used as forwarding paths.
  • the traffic proportion to POL1 is W1/(W1+W2)
  • the traffic proportion to POL2 is W2/(W1+W2). That is, based on the parent SR policy (POL100), it can be iterated to the child SR policy (POL1 and POL2), reusing the existing SR Policy (POL1 and POL2), and performing load sharing on the multiple paths.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a message transmission method that adds identification information to the issued SR policy, and uses the identification information to indicate the relevant type of the SR policy, so that the network device can determine the match with the type based on the identification information.
  • the processing behavior provides network equipment with the flexibility to process business packets.
  • Figure 2 is a flow chart of a segment routing policy processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 2, the method may include:
  • the first network device obtains a segment routing policy, and the segment routing policy includes identification information.
  • the SR policy may carry identification information, and the identification information is used to indicate the type of at least one of the SR policy, the candidate path in the SR policy, or the candidate path segment list (segment list).
  • the first network device may be the R1 node in Figure 1a or the Red node.
  • the SR policy obtained by the first network device may be issued by the controller or pre-configured.
  • the SR policy includes identification information, triplet identification (head end, color and tail end), candidate paths and other information.
  • the SR policy shown in Figure 3 has two candidate paths (Candidate Path), namely CP1 and CP2.
  • the preference value of CP1 is 100 and the preference value of CP2 is 90.
  • CP1 includes 3 segment lists, namely segment list 1 As for segment list 3, the weights of these three segment lists are W1, W2, and W3 respectively, which means that the proportion of traffic passing through these three segment lists is W1:W2:W3.
  • CP2 includes three segment lists, namely segment list 4 to segment list 6.
  • Each segment list includes multiple segment identifiers SID, and the paths corresponding to the multiple segment identifiers are paths from the beginning to the end.
  • the identification information can be identifications of different levels.
  • the identification information is a policy-level identification, it indicates the type of SR policy;
  • the identification information is a path-level identification, it indicates the type of the candidate path in the SR policy;
  • the identification information is When identified at the segment list level, it indicates the type of segment list in the candidate path.
  • the SR policy may include at least one of a policy-level identifier, a path-level identifier, or a segment list-level identifier.
  • the type may include multi-transmission and selective-reception type and composite type.
  • the multi-transmit and selective-receive type indicates that the first network device can determine at least two forwarding paths according to the SR policy, and the at least two forwarding paths are used to send the same service message.
  • the composite type indicates that the SR policy includes nested sub-SR policies.
  • the at least two forwarding paths are at least two candidate paths in the SR policy. For example, if the SR policy carries identification information R, in which the maximum preference value corresponds to candidate path CP1 and candidate path CP3, then both candidate path CP1 and candidate path CP3 are used as forwarding paths for multiple transmissions.
  • the at least two forwarding paths are the at least two candidate paths.
  • candidate path CP1 and candidate path CP2 both correspond to the identification information R, so both CP1 and CP2 can be selected as forwarding paths.
  • multiple segment lists in the candidate paths as forwarding paths implement load sharing.
  • segment list 1 and segment list 2 perform load sharing according to their corresponding weights.
  • the replication node R is the Red node in the application scenario shown in Figure 1a
  • the selective collection node M is the Mer node in the application scenario shown in Figure 1a.
  • the at least two forwarding paths are paths corresponding to at least two segment lists in the candidate paths.
  • the candidate path CP1 in the SR policy corresponds to the identification information R
  • the multiple segment lists corresponding to CP1 are used as multi-transmit and selective-receive paths, that is, SID-List1 and SID-List2 are each used as a forwarding path without load sharing.
  • the determination is still based on the preference value. For example, in Figure 4b, since the preference value 200 of CP1 is greater than CP2, CP1 is selected as the optimal candidate path, and since CP1 corresponds to the identification information R, multiple segment lists in CP1 are used as multiple paths.
  • the at least two forwarding paths are paths corresponding to at least two segment lists.
  • the SR policy includes candidate path CP1 and candidate path CP2, and CP1 is selected as the preferred candidate path based on the preference value.
  • each level of identification information can be operated separately without affecting each other.
  • the identification information When the identification information is a policy-level identification, it indicates that the SR policy includes nested sub-SR policies. When the identification information is a path-level identification, it indicates that the candidate paths in the SR policy include nested sub-SR policies. When the identification information is a segment list-level identification, it indicates that the segment list in the candidate path includes nested sub-SR policies, for example, as shown in Figure 1b.
  • the first network device determines at least one corresponding processing behavior among the SR policy, the candidate path in the SR policy, and the candidate path mid-section list according to the identification information.
  • the first network device after the first network device obtains the identification information by parsing the SR policy, it can determine the matching processing behavior based on the identification information.
  • the processing behavior includes forwarding path selection rules and service packet sending rules.
  • the corresponding selection rule when the type indicated by the identification information is the multi-transmit and selective-receive type, the corresponding selection rule is to determine at least two forwarding paths from the SR policy, and the corresponding sending rule is to use the determined at least two forwarding paths to send the same service message.
  • the corresponding selection rule is to determine the forwarding path from the nested sub-SR policy corresponding to the SR policy, and the corresponding sending rule is to use the determined forwarding path to send the service packet.
  • the determined forwarding Paths implement load sharing.
  • the first network device determines at least one corresponding processing behavior among the SR policy, the candidate path in the SR policy, and the candidate path mid-section list according to the identification information, including: the first network The device determines at least two forwarding paths from at least one of the SR policy, the candidate path in the SR policy, and the candidate path midlist according to the identification information; the first network device copies the first service message and obtains the second service message; the first network device The device sends the first service packet through the first forwarding path of the at least two forwarding paths and sends the second service message through the second forwarding path. Since the identification information can be identifications of different levels, the specific forms of the at least two forwarding paths determined by it are also different. For the specific forms, please refer to the above related descriptions.
  • the first network device since the at least two forwarding paths determined are multi-transmission paths, after obtaining the first service message, the first network device will copy the first service message to obtain the second service message. . Wherein, the first service message and the second service message respectively have the same corresponding data load (payload). Then, the first service message is sent through the first forwarding path of the at least two forwarding paths and the second service message is sent through the second forwarding path. That is, the first network device will send the same service packet through two forwarding paths.
  • the first network device When the first network device is the head end in the SR policy, after determining the first forwarding path and the second forwarding path, the first network device will copy the received data packet and transfer the path information corresponding to the first forwarding path. encapsulate it in the first service message; encapsulate the path information corresponding to the second forwarding path in the second service message.
  • the head-end R receives the R policy issued by the controller and copies the service packets. The packets reach the tail-end M through the P1 node or P2 node respectively. M selectively receives packets, forwards the first packet, and discards redundant packets.
  • the service packets sent through the P1 node and the service packets sent through the P2 node carry the same data (service data), but the path information carried in the IPv6 header is different.
  • the service packet obtained by the first network device is sent by the head end of the routing policy, and the service packet has been encapsulated with the path determined by the head end to the tail end. information.
  • the first network device determines at least two forwarding paths through the identification information, it will encapsulate the path information of the determined at least two forwarding paths again in the received service message.
  • the path information of the first forwarding path is encapsulated in the first service message and the path information of the second forwarding path is encapsulated in the second service message; the encapsulated message is sent through the first forwarding path.
  • the first service message and the encapsulated second service message are sent through the second forwarding path.
  • the first network device is the node R in the figure
  • the headend is the Ingress node.
  • the controller issues an SR Policy to the headend and formulates a link from the Ingress node to the Egress node (tail end).
  • Path the headend carries the specified path information by encapsulating IPv6Header1.
  • the controller delivers R Policy to node R, instructing node R to copy packets and encapsulate path information.
  • the M node selectively receives the packets, forwards the first packet to the Egress node, and discards redundant packets.
  • the first network device can encapsulate the path information in the following ways.
  • the first network device encapsulates a first message header in the outer layer of the first service message, and the first message header includes the first forwarding path. path information; encapsulate a second message header in the outer layer of the second service message, and the second message header includes path information of the second forwarding path.
  • the first network device can carry the path information by encapsulating a new message header in the outer layer of the service message.
  • the first network device is the R node in the figure, which carries the path information of the forwarding path by newly encapsulating IPv6Header2 in the outer layer of the service message.
  • the other method is that the first network device inserts the segment list corresponding to the first forwarding path into the Segment Routing Header (SRH) of the first service message and inserts the second forwarding into the SRH of the second service message. List of segments corresponding to the path. That is, the first network device may insert the segment list corresponding to the determined forwarding path into the SRH of the service message.
  • SRH Segment Routing Header
  • the first network device determines at least one corresponding processing behavior among the SR policy, the candidate path in the SR policy, and the candidate path mid-section list according to the identification information, including: the first network device determines from the SR policy according to the identification information
  • the forwarding path is determined from the SR policy, the candidate path in the SR policy, and at least one corresponding sub-SR policy in the candidate path mid-section list; the first network device uses the forwarding path to send the service message. That is, when selecting the forwarding path, the first network device still relies on the preference value of the candidate path, but it is determined from the sub-policy.
  • the first network device obtains the SR policy, and the SR policy includes identification information.
  • the identification information indicates the type of at least one of the SR policy, the candidate path in the SR policy, and the candidate path mid-section list.
  • the first network device determines the relevant type of the SR policy through the identification information, and then determines the processing behavior matching the type. That is, the first network device can determine different processing behaviors based on the identification information in the SR policy, and then use the determined processing behaviors to implement service transmission, instead of using a single processing behavior for service transmission, thereby improving the flexibility of processing services.
  • the identification information can be a policy-level identification, a path-level identification, and a segment list-level identification.
  • the identification information is carried in different ways in the SR policy.
  • the next generation modeling language (yet another next generation, YANG) modeling based on the SR policy can be used to add the identification information to the YANG model.
  • the YANG model is implemented based on extensible markup language (XML) and is a file in XML format. The file can include the triplet identification and identification information of the SR policy.
  • the identification information when the identification information is a path-level identification, it can be carried in the routing policy in the following ways:
  • the identification information is carried through the field corresponding to the BSID corresponding to the candidate path in the SR policy.
  • each candidate path in the SR policy has a BSID attribute, so identification information can be carried in the field corresponding to the BSID.
  • the controller delivers an SR policy
  • the SR policy is forced to be bound to a special BSID and the corresponding BSID.
  • Behavioral instructions to indicate that the candidate path can be used as a multiplex path.
  • the controller When the controller delivers an SR policy through the BGP protocol, it can forcibly carry identification information in the subtype length value (TLV) of the BSID attribute of the SR policy delivered by BGP.
  • TLV subtype length value
  • the BSID attribute corresponds to the endpoint behavior field, and the identification information is carried in this field.
  • the BSID attribute structure diagram the BSID attribute is presented in the form of TLV, including type (Type) field, length (length) field, flags (Flags) field, reserved (Reserved) field, BSID field and endpoint behavior field , the protocol identification information in the endpoint behavior field.
  • a new behavior field is added to the original BSID attribute to pass the giant new
  • the added behavior field carries identification information.
  • a new BSID behavior field (a new dotted line mark) is added to the original BSID attribute, and identification information is carried in this field through forced delivery.
  • add a new sub-TLV under the BSID attribute that is, add a new BSID behavior sub-TLV to carry identification information through the BSID behavior sub-TLV.
  • FIG 6c it is the structure diagram of the newly added BSID behavior sub-TLV, including fields such as Type, Length, and BSID behavior.
  • the identification information can also be carried in a certain bit of the reserved field or flag field of the BSID sub-TLV.
  • the Flags field and the reserved field are used.
  • one of the bits can be borrowed to carry identification information.
  • both the candidate path CP1 and the candidate path CP2 carry identification information R by adding a flag bit Flag.
  • a new flag (Flag) sub-TLV can be added under the flag field corresponding to the candidate path, and the newly added flag sub-TLV carries identification information. That is, it is carried and expressed by extending the flag sub-TLV.
  • This extension method is applicable to both SRv6 and SR MPLS scenarios.
  • the identification information is carried by extending the sub-TLV of Flag.
  • a new indication field sub-TLV may be added to the candidate path, and the newly added indication field sub-TLV (candidate path type sub-TLV or candidate path attribute sub-TLV) carries identification information.
  • the newly added indication field sub-TLV may include type bits or attribute bits.
  • the candidate path type sub-TLV structure diagram shown in Figure 8b includes fields such as Type, Length, CP Type, and Reserved.
  • CP Type carries identification information.
  • PCEP Path Computation Element Communication Protocol
  • the identification information can be carried in the association information (Association) corresponding to the SR policy.
  • the identification information is carried in the reserved field of the candidate path identifier (identifiers) sub-TLV corresponding to the association information. As shown in Figure 9a, the candidate path identifier sub-TLV structure diagram is carried by adding Flag to the reserved field. identification information indicating that the candidate path can be used as a multi-transmission path.
  • an attribute tag bit can be added to the segment list information, and the attribute tag bit carries the identification information.
  • the first network device determines the corresponding processing behavior according to the identification information carried by the newly added attribute flag bit.
  • the attribute tag bit can be a newly added TLV.
  • a type (type) tag bit can be added to the segment list information, and the type tag is used to carry the identification information.
  • the first network device determines the corresponding processing behavior according to the identification information carried by the newly added type flag bit.
  • the type tag bit can be a new TLV.
  • the identification information in the SR policy can be carried in a variety of ways. In practical applications, the above-mentioned multiple carrying methods can be used for identification information of different levels.
  • Figure 10 is a flow chart of a segment routing policy sending method provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 10, the method may include:
  • S1001 The controller obtains the SR policy.
  • the controller can obtain the topology information of the network where the first network device is located, and determine the SR policy based on the topology information and the related path algorithm.
  • the SR policy includes identification information, and the identification information indicates the SR policy and the candidates in the SR policy.
  • the type may include a multi-transmit and selective-receive type and a composite type.
  • the multi-transmit and selective-receive type indicates that at least two forwarding paths are determined through the SR policy. The at least two forwarding paths are used to send the same service message.
  • the composite type indicates that the SR policy includes Nested sub-SR strategies.
  • S1002 The controller sends the SR policy to the first network device.
  • the controller after obtaining the SR policy, the controller sends the SR policy to the first network device, so that the first network device determines the SR policy, the candidate paths in the SR policy, and the candidate paths according to the identification information in the SR policy. At least one corresponding processing action in the middle list.
  • the controller When the controller sends the SR policy to the first network device, it may use the BGP protocol for delivery or the PCEP protocol for delivery.
  • this figure shows a segment routing policy processing device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 1000 can implement the functions of the above-mentioned first network device and can include: an obtaining unit 1101 and a determining unit 1102.
  • Obtaining unit 1101 is used to obtain a segment routing SR policy, where the segment routing SR policy includes identification information, and the The identification information indicates a type of at least one of the SR policy, the candidate path in the SR policy, and the candidate path segment list.
  • the acquisition unit 1101 please refer to the relevant description of S201 above.
  • Determining unit 1102 configured for the first network device to determine the processing behavior corresponding to at least one of the SR policy, the candidate path in the SR policy, and the candidate path mid-section list according to the identification information.
  • the determining unit 1102 please refer to the relevant description of S202 above.
  • the type includes a multi-transmit and selective-receive type, and the multi-transmit and selective-receive type indicates that at least two forwarding paths are determined through the SR policy, and the at least two forwarding paths are used to send the same service. message.
  • the determining unit includes: a determining subunit, a copying subunit, and a sending subunit;
  • Determining subunit configured to determine at least two forwarding paths from at least one of the SR policy, the candidate paths in the SR policy, and the candidate path mid-section list according to the identification information
  • the copy subunit is used to copy the first service message and obtain the second service message
  • a sending subunit configured to send the first service message through a first forwarding path among the at least two forwarding paths and send the second service message through a second forwarding path.
  • the device where the device is located is an intermediate node on the forwarding path, and the sending subunit is specifically configured to encapsulate the first forwarding path in the first service message.
  • the path information of the second forwarding path is encapsulated in the second service message; the encapsulated first service message is sent through the first forwarding path and the encapsulated first service message is sent through the second forwarding path.
  • Second business message is specifically configured to encapsulate the first forwarding path in the first service message.
  • the sending subunit is specifically configured to encapsulate a first message header in the outer layer of the first service message, and the first message header includes the first forwarding Path information of the path; encapsulate a second message header in the outer layer of the second service message, and the second message header includes the path information of the second forwarding path; or, in the first service message
  • the path information of the first forwarding path is inserted into the segment routing header SRH of the message; the path information of the second forwarding path is inserted into the SRH of the second service message.
  • the at least two forwarding paths are at least two candidate paths in the SR policy
  • the at least two forwarding paths are the At least two candidate paths in the SR policy
  • the at least two forwarding paths are the SR policy Paths corresponding to at least two segment lists among the candidate paths in ;
  • the at least two forwarding paths are Paths corresponding to the at least two segment lists.
  • the type includes a composite type
  • the composite type indicates that the SR policy includes nested sub-SR policies.
  • the determining unit is specifically configured to obtain the information from the SR policy based on the identification information. Determine the forwarding path from the candidate path in the SR policy and at least one corresponding sub-SR policy in the candidate path segment list; and send the service message according to the forwarding path.
  • the identification information when the identification information indicates the type of the candidate path in the SR policy, the identification information is carried in a field corresponding to the binding segment identifier BSID of the candidate path.
  • the identification information is carried in the behavior field corresponding to the BSID of the candidate path.
  • the BSID subtype length value TLV includes a new BSID behavior field, and the identification information is carried in the behavior field ; Or the identification information is carried in the newly added BSID behavior sub-TLV.
  • the identification information is carried in a flag field or a reserved field in the BSID sub-TLV.
  • the identification information when the identification information indicates the type of the candidate path in the SR policy, the identification information is carried in a flag sub-TLV corresponding to the candidate path.
  • the identification information when the identification information indicates the type of the candidate path in the SR policy, the identification information carries a new indication field sub-TLV in the candidate path.
  • the identification information when the identification information indicates the type of the candidate path in the SR policy, the identification information carries the association information in the SR policy.
  • the identification information is carried in a reserved field of the candidate path identifier sub-TLV corresponding to the association information.
  • the identification information carries an association TLV added to the association information.
  • FIG. 12 shows a segment routing policy sending device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 1200 can implement the functions of the above controller and includes: an acquisition unit 1201 and a sending unit 1202.
  • the obtaining unit 1201 is used to obtain the SR policy, the SR policy includes identification information, the identification information indicates the type of at least one of the SR policy, the candidate path in the SR policy, and the candidate path mid-section list;
  • the sending unit 1202 is configured to send the SR policy to the first network device.
  • the type includes a multi-transmit and selective-receive type, and the multi-transmit and selective-receive type indicates that at least two forwarding paths are determined through an SR policy, and the at least two forwarding paths are used to send the same service message.
  • the type includes a composite type
  • the composite type indicates that the SR policy includes nested sub-SR policies.
  • each unit in this embodiment please refer to the relevant descriptions in the above method embodiments.
  • the division of units in the embodiments of this application is schematic and is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • Each functional unit in the embodiment of the present application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can be separate Physical existence, or two or more units integrated into one unit.
  • the processing unit and the sending unit may be the same unit or different units.
  • the above integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device can be, for example, the first network device in the above method embodiment, or it can also be the device implementation of the device 1100 in the embodiment shown in Figure 11 .
  • the communication device 1300 includes: a processor 1310, a communication interface 1320, and a memory 1330.
  • the number of processors 1310 in the communication device 1300 may be one or more. In FIG. 13 , one processor is taken as an example. In this embodiment of the present application, the processor 1310, the communication interface 1320 and the memory 1330 may be connected through a bus system or other means. In FIG. 13, the connection through the bus system 1340 is taken as an example.
  • Processor 1310 may be a CPU, NP, or a combination of CPU and NP.
  • the processor 1310 may further include hardware chips.
  • the above-mentioned hardware chip can be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD) or a combination thereof.
  • the above-mentioned PLD can be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a general array logic (GAL) or any combination thereof.
  • the memory 1330 may include volatile memory (volatile memory), such as random-access memory (RAM); the memory 1330 may also include non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as flash memory (flash). memory), hard disk drive (hard disk drive, HDD) or solid-state drive (solid-state drive, SSD); the memory 1330 may also include a combination of the above types of memory.
  • volatile memory volatile memory
  • non-volatile memory non-volatile memory
  • flash flash memory
  • flash flash memory
  • HDD hard disk drive
  • solid-state drive solid-state drive
  • SSD solid-state drive
  • the memory 1330 may, for example, store the aforementioned segment routing SR policy and the like.
  • the memory 1330 stores an operating system and programs, executable modules or data structures, or a subset thereof, or an extended set thereof, where the program may include various operation instructions for implementing various operations.
  • the operating system may include various system programs that are used to implement various basic services and handle hardware-based tasks.
  • the processor 1310 can read the program in the memory 1330 to implement the segment routing policy processing method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the memory 1330 may be a storage device in the communication device 1300 , or may be a storage device independent of the communication device 1300 .
  • the bus system 1340 may be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc.
  • PCI peripheral component interconnect
  • EISA extended industry standard architecture
  • the bus system 1340 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of presentation, only one thick line is used in Figure 13, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device 1400 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the network device can be, for example, the first network device in the above method embodiment, or it can also be the device 1100 in the embodiment shown in Figure 11 accomplish.
  • the network device 1400 includes: a main control board 1410 and an interface board 1430.
  • the main control board 1410 is also called a main processing unit (MPU) or a route processing card (route Processor card), the main control board 1410 controls and manages various components in the network device 1400, including route calculation, device management, device maintenance, and protocol processing functions.
  • the main control board 1410 includes: a central processing unit 1411 and a memory 1412.
  • the interface board 1430 is also called a line processing unit (LPU), line card or service board.
  • the interface board 1430 is used to provide various service interfaces and implement data packet forwarding.
  • Business interfaces include but are not limited to Ethernet interfaces, POS (Packet over SONET/SDH) interfaces, etc.
  • Ethernet interfaces are, for example, Flexible Ethernet Clients (FlexE Clients).
  • the interface board 1430 includes: a central processor 1431, a network processor 1432, a forwarding entry memory 1434, and a physical interface card (PIC) 1433.
  • PIC physical interface card
  • the central processor 1431 on the interface board 1430 is used to control and manage the interface board 1430 and communicate with the central processor 1411 on the main control board 1410 .
  • the network processor 1432 is used to implement packet forwarding processing.
  • the network processor 1432 may be in the form of a forwarding chip.
  • the processing of uplink packets includes: processing of packet incoming interfaces, forwarding table search; processing of downlink packets includes forwarding table search, etc.
  • the physical interface card 1433 is used to implement the docking function of the physical layer. The original traffic enters the interface board 1430 through this, and the processed packets are sent out from the physical interface card 1433.
  • the physical interface card 1433 includes at least one physical interface, which is also called a physical port.
  • the physical interface card 1433 is also called a daughter card and can be installed on the interface board 1430. It is responsible for converting photoelectric signals into messages and checking the validity of the messages before forwarding them to the network processor 1432 for processing.
  • the central processor 1431 of the interface board 1403 can also perform the functions of the network processor 1432, such as implementing software forwarding based on a general CPU, so that the network processor 1432 is not required in the physical interface card 1433.
  • the network device 1400 includes multiple interface boards.
  • the network device 1400 also includes an interface board 1440.
  • the interface board 1440 includes: a central processor 1441, a network processor 1442, a forwarding entry memory 1444, and a physical interface card 1443.
  • the network device 1400 also includes a switching network board 1420.
  • the switching fabric unit 1420 may also be called a switching fabric unit (switch fabric unit, SFU).
  • SFU switching fabric unit
  • the switching network board 1420 is used to complete data exchange between the interface boards.
  • the interface board 1430 and the interface board 1440 can communicate through the switching network board 1420.
  • the main control board 1410 and the interface board 1430 are coupled.
  • the main control board 1410, the interface board 1430, the interface board 1440, and the switching network board 1420 are connected to the system backplane through a system bus to achieve intercommunication.
  • an inter-process communication protocol (IPC) channel is established between the main control board 1410 and the interface board 1430, and the main control board 1410 and the interface board 1430 communicate through the IPC channel.
  • IPC inter-process communication protocol
  • network device 1400 includes a control plane and a forwarding plane.
  • the control plane includes a main control board 1410 and a central processor 1431.
  • the forwarding plane includes various components that perform forwarding, such as forwarding entry memory 1434, physical interface card 1433, and network processing.
  • the control plane executes functions such as router, generates forwarding tables, processes signaling and protocol messages, configures and maintains device status.
  • the control plane sends the generated forwarding tables to the forwarding plane.
  • the network processor 1432 is based on the control plane.
  • the delivered forwarding table looks up the table and forwards the packets received by the physical interface card 1433.
  • the forwarding table delivered by the control plane may be stored in the forwarding table item storage 1434. In some embodiments, the control plane and forwarding plane may be completely separate and not on the same device.
  • the operations on the interface board 1440 in the embodiment of the present application are consistent with the operations on the interface board 1430. For simplicity, No longer.
  • the network device 1400 in this embodiment may correspond to the first network device in the above method embodiments, and the main control board 1410, the interface board 1430 and/or the interface board 1440 in the network device 1400 may implement the above methods. For the sake of brevity, the various steps in the embodiment will not be described again here.
  • main control boards there may be one or more main control boards, and when there are multiple main control boards, they may include a main main control board and a backup main control board.
  • network equipment can have at least one switching network board, which enables data exchange between multiple interface boards through the switching network board, providing large-capacity data exchange and processing capabilities. Therefore, the data access and processing capabilities of network equipment with a distributed architecture are greater than those with a centralized architecture.
  • the network device can also be in the form of only one board, that is, there is no switching network board. The functions of the interface board and the main control board are integrated on this board. In this case, the central processor and main control board on the interface board The central processor on the board can be combined into one central processor on this board to perform the superimposed functions of the two.
  • This form of equipment has low data exchange and processing capabilities (for example, low-end switches or routers and other networks equipment). The specific architecture used depends on the specific networking deployment scenario.
  • the above network device can be implemented as a virtualization device.
  • the virtualization device may be a virtual machine (VM) running a program for sending packets, and the virtual machine is deployed on a hardware device (for example, a physical server).
  • a virtual machine refers to a complete computer system with complete hardware system functions simulated by software and running in a completely isolated environment.
  • Virtual machines can be configured as network devices.
  • network devices can be implemented based on general-purpose physical servers combined with network functions virtualization (NFV) technology.
  • NFV network functions virtualization
  • Network devices are virtual hosts, virtual routers, or virtual switches. By reading this application, those skilled in the art can combine NFV technology to virtualize a network device with the above functions on a general physical server, which will not be described again here.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a chip, including a processor and an interface circuit.
  • the interface circuit is used to receive instructions and transmit them to the processor.
  • the processor for example, can be a part of the segment routing policy processing device 1100 shown in Figure 11 A specific implementation form can be used to execute the above segment routing policy processing method.
  • the processor is coupled to a memory, and the memory is used to store programs or instructions.
  • the chip system implements the method in any of the above method embodiments.
  • processors in the chip system there may be one or more processors in the chip system.
  • the processor can be implemented in hardware or software.
  • the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, or the like.
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor implemented by reading software code stored in memory.
  • the memory may be integrated with the processor or may be provided separately from the processor, which is not limited by this application.
  • the memory can be a non-transient processor, such as a read-only memory ROM, which can be integrated on the same chip as the processor, or can be separately provided on different chips.
  • This application describes the type of memory, and the relationship between the memory and the processor. There is no specific limitation on how the processor is configured.
  • the chip system may be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), It can be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system on chip (SoC), a central processor unit (CPU), or a network processor (network processor (NP), it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), it can also be a microcontroller (micro controller unit, MCU), it can also be a programmable logic device (PLD) or other Integrated chip.
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • SoC system on chip
  • CPU central processor unit
  • NP network processor
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • MCU microcontroller
  • PLD programmable logic device
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a network system, which includes a controller and a first network device.
  • the first network device is used to execute the above SR policy processing method; the controller is used to execute the above SR policy sending method.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, which includes instructions or computer programs that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the segment routing policy processing method provided in the above embodiments.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product containing instructions or computer programs, which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the segment routing policy processing method provided in the above embodiments.
  • the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of units is only a logical service division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or integrated. to another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • a unit described as a separate component may or may not be physically separate.
  • a component shown as a unit may or may not be a physical unit, that is, it may be located in one place, or it may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each business unit in various embodiments of this application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or software business units.
  • Integrated units may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when implemented in the form of software business units and sold or used as independent products.
  • the technical solution of the present application is essentially or contributes to the existing technology, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium , including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code. .
  • Computer-readable media includes computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another.
  • Storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种段路由策略处理方法及装置，第一网络设备获取SR策略，该SR策略中包括标识信息，该标识信息指示SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个的类型。第一网络设备通过该标识信息确定与SR策略相关的类型，进而确定与该类型匹配的处理行为。即，第一网络设备根据SR策略中的标识信息可以确定出不同的处理行为，进而利用所确定的处理行为实现业务传输，不再利用单一的处理行为进行业务传输，提高处理业务的灵活性和多样性。

Description

一种段路由策略处理方法及装置
本申请要求于2022年05月25日提交的申请号为202210576184.0、申请名称为“一种段路由策略处理方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种段路由策略处理方法及装置。
背景技术
段路由(segment routing，SR)策略(Policy)是在SR技术基础上发展的一种新的隧道引流技术。SR Policy包括三部分：头端(SR Policy生成的节点)、Color(用来指示不同业务的服务质量需求)、尾端(SR Policy的目的地址)。SR Policy路径表示为指定路径的段列表(Segment List)，称为SID列表(Segment ID List)。每个SID列表是从源到目的地的端到端路径，并指示网络中的设备遵循指定的路径。如果数据包被导入SR Policy中，SID列表由头端添加到数据包上，网络的其余设备执行SID列表中嵌入的指令。
通常情况下，SR Policy中包括多条候选路径(Candidate Path)，每条候选路径代表将流量从相应SR Policy头端传送到尾端的特定方式。每条候选路径有一个偏好值(Preference)，路径的偏好值越高则越优选。头端将根据每条候选路径的偏好值选择最优候选路径作为数据包的传输路径。也就是，头端节点仅能根据候选路径的偏好值从多个候选路径中确定传输路径，无法提供更多的处理方式，影响业务传输质量。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种段路由策略处理方法及装置，以为网络设备提供更多的处理行为，提高处理行为的多样性以及业务传输性能。
在本申请第一方面，提供了一种段路由处理方法，所述方法包括：第一网络设备获取段路由SR策略，该段路由SR策略中包括标识信息，该标识信息指示SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个的类型；第一网络设备根据标识信息确定SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个对应的处理行为。即，本申请中第一网络设备获取SR策略，该SR策略中包括标识信息，该标识信息指示SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个的类型。第一网络设备通过该标识信息确定与SR策略相关的类型，进而确定与该类型匹配的处理行为。即，第一网络设备根据SR策略中的标识信息可以确定出不同的处理行为，进而利用所确定的处理行为实现业务传输，不再利用单一的处理行为进行业务传输，提高处理业务的灵活性和多样性。
在一种可选的实现方式中，类型包括多发选收类型，该多发选收类型指示通过SR策略确定至少两条转发路径，该至少两条转发路径用于发送同一业务报文。
在一种可选的实现方式中，第一网络设备根据标识信息确定SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个对应的处理行为，包括：第一网络设备根据标识信息从SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个确定至少两条转发路径；第一网络设备复制第一业务报文，获得第二业务报文；第一网络设备分别通过至少两条转发路径中的第一转发路径发送第一业务报文以及第二转发路径发送第二业务报文。即， 当标识信息指示多发选收类型时，第一网络设备可以根据标识信息将多条偏好值相同的候选路径均作为转发路径，以利用多条转发路径进行多份传输，不再根据其他参数从多条偏好值相同的候选路径中选择一条最优路径作为转发路径，增加SR策略的处理方式，以及业务传输质量。
在一种可选的实现方式中，第一网络设备为转发路径上的中间节点，第一网络设备分别通过至少两条转发路径中的第一转发路径发送第一业务报文以及第二转发路径发送第二业务报文，包括：第一网络设备分别在第一业务报文中封装第一转发路径的路径信息以及在第二业务报文中封装第二转发路径的路径信息；第一网络设备分别通过第一转发路径发送封装后的第一业务报文以及第二转发路径发送封装后的第二业务报文。即，本申请中通过在复制获得的两个报文中分别各自对应的路径信息实现业务报文的多发，提高业务传输质量。
在一种可选的实现方式中，第一网络设备在第一业务报文中封装第一转发路径的路径信息以及在第二业务报文中封装第二转发路径的路径信息，包括：第一网络设备在第一业务报文的外层封装第一报文头，第一报文头包括第一转发路径的路径信息；第一网络设备在第二业务报文的外层封装第二报文头，第二报文头包括第二转发路径的路径信息；或，第一网络设备在第一业务报文的段路由头(source routing head，SRH)中插入第一转发路径的路径信息；第一网络设备在第二业务报文的SRH中插入第二转发路径的路径信息。即，本申请中可以通过多种封装方式来携带所确定的转发路径的路径信息，从而实现多发选收，保证业务传输质量。
在一种可选的实现方式中，当标识信息指示SR策略的类型为多发选收类型时，至少两条转发路径为SR策略中的至少两个候选路径；当标识信息指示SR策略中候选路径的类型为多发选收类型且SR策略中至少两个候选路径均对应有标识信息时，至少两条转发路径为SR策略中的至少两个候选路径；当标识信息指示SR策略中候选路径的类型为多发选收类型且SR策略中的一个候选路径对应有标识信息时，至少两条转发路径为SR策略中的候选路径中至少两个段列表对应的路径；当标识信息指示SR策略中候选路径中段列表的类型为多发选收类型且候选路径中至少两个段列表均对应有标识信息时，至少两条转发路径为至少两个段列表对应的路径。
在一种可选的实现方式中，类型包括复合类型，复合类型指示SR策略中包括嵌套的子SR策略。
在一种可选的实现方式中，第一网络设备根据标识信息确定SR策略、候选路径以及段列表中至少一个对应的处理行为，包括：第一网络设备根据标识信息从SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个对应的子SR策略中确定转发路径；第一网络设备根据转发路径发送业务报文。
在一种可选的实现方式中，当标识信息指示SR策略中候选路径的类型时，标识信息携带在候选路径的绑定段标识(Binding SID，BSID)对应的字段。
在一种可选的实现方式中，在基于第六版网络协议的段路由(segment routing on internet protocol version 6，SRv6)网络中，标识信息携带在候选路径的BSID对应的行为字段中。
在一种可选的实现方式中，在基于多协议标签交换的段路由(segment routing on multi-protocol label switching，SR-MPLS)网络中，BSID子类型长度值(type length value，TLV)中包括新增的BSID行为字段，标识信息携带在行为字段；或者标识信息携带在新增的BSID行为子TLV中。
在一种可选的实现方式中，标识信息携带在BSID子TLV中的标志字段或保留字段。
在一种可选的实现方式中，当标识信息指示SR策略中候选路径的类型时，标识信息携带在候选路径对应的标志子TLV中。
在一种可选的实现方式中，当标识信息指示SR策略中候选路径的类型时，标识信息携带在候选路径中新增的指示字段子TLV。
在一种可选的实现方式中，当标识信息指示SR策略中候选路径的类型时，标识信息携带在SR策略的关联信息。
在一种可选的实现方式中，标识信息携带在关联信息对应的候选路径标识符子TLV的保留字段。
在一种可选的实现方式中，标识信息携带在关联信息新增的关联TLV。
在本申请第二方面，提供了一种段路由策略发送方法，该方法包括：控制器获取SR策略，该SR策略中包括标识信息，该标识信息指示SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个的类型；控制器向第一网络设备发送该SR策略。
在一种可选的实现方式中，类型包括多发选收类型，该多发选收类型指示通过SR策略确定至少两条转发路径，该至少两条转发路径用于发送同一业务报文。
在一种可选的实现方式中，类型包括复合类型，复合类型指示SR策略中包括嵌套的子SR策略。
在本申请第三方面，提供了一种段路由策略处理装置，装置包括：获取单元，用于获取段路由SR策略，段路由SR策略中包括标识信息，标识信息指示SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个的类型；确定单元，用于第一网络设备根据标识信息确定SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个对应的处理行为。
在一种可选的实现方式中，类型包括多发选收类型，多发选收类型指示通过SR策略确定至少两条转发路径，至少两条转发路径用于发送同一业务报文。
在一种可选的实现方式中，确定单元，包括：确定子单元、复制子单元和发送子单元；确定子单元，用于根据标识信息从SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个确定至少两条转发路径；复制子单元，用于复制第一业务报文，获得第二业务报文；发送子单元，用于分别通过至少两条转发路径中的第一转发路径发送第一业务报文以及第二转发路径发送第二业务报文。
在一种可选的实现方式中，装置所在的设备为转发路径上的中间节点，发送子单元，具体用于分别在第一业务报文中封装第一转发路径的路径信息以及在第二业务报文中封装第二转发路径的路径信息；分别通过第一转发路径发送封装后的第一业务报文以及第二转发路径发送封装后的第二业务报文。
在一种可选的实现方式中，发送子单元，具体用于在第一业务报文的外层封装第一报 文头，第一报文头包括第一转发路径的路径信息；在第二业务报文的外层封装第二报文头，第二报文头包括第二转发路径的路径信息；或，在第一业务报文的段路由头SRH中插入第一转发路径的路径信息；在第二业务报文的SRH中插入第二转发路径的路径信息。
在一种可选的实现方式中，当标识信息指示SR策略的类型为多发选收类型时，至少两条转发路径为SR策略中的至少两个候选路径；
当标识信息指示SR策略中候选路径的类型为多发选收类型且SR策略中至少两个候选路径均对应有标识信息时，至少两条转发路径为SR策略中的至少两个候选路径；
当标识信息指示SR策略中候选路径的类型为多发选收类型且SR策略中的一个候选路径对应有标识信息时，至少两条转发路径为SR策略中的候选路径中至少两个段列表对应的路径；
当标识信息指示SR策略中候选路径中段列表的类型为多发选收类型且候选路径中至少两个段列表均对应有标识信息时，至少两条转发路径为至少两个段列表对应的路径。
在一种可选的实现方式中，类型包括复合类型，复合类型指示SR策略中包括嵌套的子SR策略。
在一种可选的实现方式中，确定单元，具体用于根据标识信息从SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个对应的子SR策略中确定转发路径；根据转发路径发送业务报文。
在一种可选的实现方式中，当标识信息指示SR策略中候选路径的类型时，标识信息携带在候选路径的绑定段标识BSID对应的字段。
在一种可选的实现方式中，在基于第六版网络协议的段路由SRv6网络中，标识信息携带在候选路径的BSID对应的行为字段中。
在一种可选的实现方式中，在基于多协议标签交换的段路由SR-MPLS网络中，BSID子类型长度值TLV中包括新增的BSID行为字段，标识信息携带在行为字段；或者标识信息携带在新增的BSID行为子TLV中。
在一种可选的实现方式中，标识信息携带在BSID子TLV中的标志字段或保留字段。
在一种可选的实现方式中，当标识信息指示SR策略中候选路径的类型时，标识信息携带在候选路径对应的标志子TLV中。
在一种可选的实现方式中，当标识信息指示SR策略中候选路径的类型时，标识信息携带在候选路径中新增的指示字段子TLV。
在一种可选的实现方式中，当标识信息指示SR策略中候选路径的类型时，标识信息携带在SR策略的关联信息。
在一种可选的实现方式中，标识信息携带在关联信息对应的候选路径标识符子TLV的保留字段。
在一种可选的实现方式中，标识信息携带在关联信息新增的关联TLV。
在本申请第四方面，提供了一种段路由策略发送装置，该装置包括：获取单元和发送单元。获取单元，用于获取SR策略，该SR策略中包括标识信息，该标识信息指示SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个的类型；发送单元，用于向第一 网络设备发送该SR策略。
在一种可选的实现方式中，类型包括多发选收类型，该多发选收类型指示通过SR策略确定至少两条转发路径，该至少两条转发路径用于发送同一业务报文。
在一种可选的实现方式中，类型包括复合类型，复合类型指示SR策略中包括嵌套的子SR策略。
在本申请第五方面，提供了一种段路由策略处理的网络系统，该网络系统包括控制器和第一网络设备。其中，第一网络设备用于执行第一方面或第一方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中的方法；控制器用于执行第二方面或第二方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中的方法。
在本申请第六方面，提供了一种网络设备，所述设备包括：处理器和存储器；所述存储器，用于存储指令或计算机程序；所述处理器，用于执行所述存储器中的所述指令或计算机程序，以使得所述网络设备执行第一方面或第一方面中任一可能的实现方式所述的方法。
在本申请第七方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，当其在处理器上运行时，实现以上第一方面或第一方面中任一可能的实现方式所述的方法。
在本申请第八方面，提供了一种芯片，包括：接口电路和处理器，该接口电路和处
理器相连接，该处理器用于使得芯片执行第一方面或第一方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中的方法；或者执行第二方面或第二方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中的方法。
通过本申请提供的技术方案，第一网络设备获取SR策略，该SR策略中包括标识信息，该标识信息指示SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个的类型。第一网络设备通过该标识信息确定与SR策略相关的类型，进而确定与该类型匹配的处理行为。即，第一网络设备根据SR策略中的标识信息可以确定出不同的处理行为，进而利用所确定的处理行为实现业务传输，不再利用单一的处理行为进行业务传输，提高处理业务的灵活性和多样性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1a为本申请实施例提供的一种应用场景图；
图1b为本申请实施例提供的另一种应用场景图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种段路由策略处理方法流程图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种SR策略示意图；
图4a为本申请实施例提供的一种路径级标识对应的场景示意图；
图4b为本申请实施例提供的另一种路径级标识对应的场景示意图；
图4c为本申请实施例提供的一种段列表级标识对应的场景示意图；
图5a为本申请实施例提供的一种报文发送应用场景示意图；
图5b为本申请实施例提供的另一种报文发送应用场景示意图；
图6a为本申请实施例提供的一种BSID属性TLV结构示意图；
图6b为本申请实施例提供的一种在BSID属性TLV中新增行为字段的结构示意图；
图6c为本申请实施例提供的一种新增BSID属性子TLV结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种扩展标志字段的结构示意图；
图8a为本申请实施例提供的一种通过候选路径的类型字段携带标识信息的示意图；
图8b为本申请实施例提供的一种携带类型字段的示意图；
图9a为本申请实施例提供的一种候选路径标识符子TLV结构示意图；
图9b为本申请实施例提供的一种新增的关联TLV结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种SR策略发送方法流程图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种段路由策略处理装置结构图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的SR策略发送装置结构图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的一种网络设备结构图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的另一种网络设备结构图。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请中的方案，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
目前，在根据SR策略确定转发路径时，将首先根据SR策略中各候选路径对应的偏好值从多条候选路径中选择一条最优候选路径作为转发路径。当多条候选路径的偏好值相同时，将根据其他参数选择一条最优路径作为转发路径。当头节点有业务流需要传输时，将利用转发路径对业务流进行传输。当转发路径中某一节点或链路发生故障时，需要头节点重新确定转发路径，进而利用新的转发路径转发后续业务。由于头节点重新确定转发路径需要花费时间，影响业务转发效率。
基于此，针对SR策略提出了SR冗余保护策略(Redundancy Policy)，简称R策略，以实现段路由的冗余保护。该冗余保护策略用于在复制节点和合并节点之间启用数据包复制，以引导同一个数据流通过SR域中不同的转发路径进行多份传输。即，对SR策略新定义一种类型，为多发选收类型。具体地，SR冗余保护策略在确定转发路径时，可以将多条偏好值相同的候选路径均作为转发路径，以利用多条转发路径进行多份传输，不再根据其他参数从多条偏好值相同的候选路径中选择一条最优路径作为转发路径，增加SR策略的处理方式。
为便于理解SR冗余保护策略的具体实现，参见图1a所示的应用场景图。在该应用场景中，R1节点为头节点、R2节点为尾节点，R3节点、R4节点、Red节点以及Mer节点为中间节点。其中，控制器向R1节点下发SR冗余保护策略且在该策略中指定节点Red为复制节点，R1在接收到数据包时，根据冗余保护策略确定一条转发路径，例如该转发路径为R1-Red-R3-Mer-R2。R1在数据包封装该转发路径对应的段列表以及复制节点Red。当Red接收到数据包后，根据段列表中的尾节点R2确定到达该尾节点存在两条转发路径分别为 Red-R3-Mer-R2和Red-R4-Mer-R2，则对数据包进行复制，获得两个数据包。Red节点分别在两个数据包封装一个转发路径的段列表，并进行转发。两个数据包被转发至合并节点Mer后，Mer根据数据包中的元数据进行选收，以便将同一数据流中第一个被接收到的数据包传输给尾节点R2，并消除冗余数据包。其中，元数据包括数据包对应的业务流的流标识、序列号等，流标识用于标识某一特定的业务流、序列号用于标识业务流中不同的报文顺序。其中，上述各个节点可以为路由器、交换机等网络设备；也可以是网络设备上的一部分组件，例如是网络设备上的单板，线卡；还可以是网络设备上的一个功能模块等。
通过图1a所示的场景可知，当一条路径出现故障或丢包时，Red节点可以利用另一条转发路径继续业务转发，实现业务不中断。
另外，针对SR策略重新定义了新类型，即复合类型，用于指示SR策略中可以包括嵌套的子SR策略，则头端在根据SR策略确定转发路径时，可以同该SR策略所包括的子SR策略中确定转发路径，增加SR策略对应的处理行为。如图1b所示，控制器向R1节点发送的SR策略为复合类型的SR策略，该SR策略中包括嵌套的POL1和POL2两个SR policy，其各自对应的color分别为1、2，而且头端、尾端与POL100重合，头端均为R1、尾端均为R2。在该应用场景下，POL1和POL2按照对应的color值分别被引用到POL100中，POL1和POL2各自对应的候选路径被作为转发路径。引导到POL100上的流量，分到POL1的流量比例为W1/(W1+W2)、POL2的流量比例为W2/(W1+W2)。即基于父SR policy(POL100)可以迭代到子SR policy(POL1和POL2)，实现复用已有的SR Policy(POL1和POL2)，并在该多条路径上进行负载分担。
然而，目前控制器在下发SR策略时，对于上述两种场景下发的策略相同，使得网络设备无法根据SR策略获取多种处理行为，影响业务传输。
基于此，本申请实施例提供了一种报文传输方法，在下发的SR策略中添加标识信息，通过该标识信息指示SR策略的相关类型，使得网络设备可以基于该标识信息确定与该类型匹配的处理行为，提供网络设备处理业务报文的灵活性。
为便于理解本申请实施例提供的技术方案，下面将结合图1a和图1b两种应用场景进行说明。
参见图2，该图为本申请实施例提供的一种段路由策略处理方法流程图，如图2所示，该方法可以包括：
S201：第一网络设备获取段路由策略，该段路由策略中包括标识信息。
本实施例中，SR策略中可以携带标识信息，该标识信息用于指示SR策略、SR策略中候选路径或候选路径中段列表(segment list)这三者中至少一个的类型。其中，第一网络设备可以为图1a中的R1节点或者为Red节点。
本实施例中，第一网络设备所获取的SR策略可以是由控制器下发的，或者预先配置的。SR策略中包括标识信息、三元组标识(头端、color和尾端)、候选路径等信息。例如图3所示的SR策略，该SR策略存在两个候选路径(Candidate Path)，分别为CP1和CP2，其中，CP1的偏好值为100，CP2的偏好值为90。CP1中包括3个段列表，分别为段列表1 至段列表3，该3个段列表的权重分别为W1，W2，W3，代表通过这3个段列表的流量比例为W1：W2：W3。CP2中包括3个段列表，分别为段列表4至段列表6，该3个段列表的权重分别为W4、W5、W6，代表通过这3个段列表的流量比例为W4：W5：W6。其中，每个段列表中包括多个段标识SID，该多个段标识所对应的路径为从头端到尾端的路径。
其中，标识信息可以为不同级别的标识，当标识信息为策略级标识时，其指示SR策略的类型；当标识信息为路径级标识时，其指示SR策略中候选路径的类型；当标识信息为段列表级标识时，其指示候选路径中段列表的类型。其中，SR策略中可以包括策略级标识、路径级标识或段列表级标识中的至少一个。
其中，类型可以包括多发选收类型和复合类型。多发选收类型指示第一网络设备可以根据SR策略确定至少两条转发路径，该至少两条转发路径用于发送同一业务报文。复合类型指示SR策略中包括嵌套的子SR策略。下面将分别对多发选收类型和复合类型进行说明。
(一)多发选收类型的SR策略
当标识信息为策略级标识时，该至少两条转发路径为SR策略中的至少两个候选路径。例如，SR策略携带标识信息R，其中最大偏好值对应有候选路径CP1和候选路径CP3，则将候选路径CP1和候选路径CP3均作为转发路径，进行多份传输。
当标识信息为路径级标识且所述SR策略中至少两个候选路径均对应有所述标识信息时，则至少两条转发路径为上述至少两个候选路径。例如图4a所示，在SR策略POL1中，候选路径CP1和候选路径CP2均对应标识信息R，则CP1和CP2均可被选中作为转发路径。其中，作为转发路径的候选路径中多个段列表实现负载分担。如图4a中段列表1和段列表2按照各自对应的权重进行负载分担。其中，图4a所示的SR策略中，复制节点R为图1a所示应用场景中的Red节点，选收节点M为图1a所示应用场景中的Mer节点。
当所述标识信息为路径级标识为多发选收类且SR策略中的只有一个候选路径对应有该标识信息时，该至少两条转发路径为候选路径中至少两个段列表对应的路径。例如图4b所示，SR策略中候选路径CP1对应标识信息R，则CP1对应的多条段列表作为多发选收路径，即SID-List1和SID-List2分别作为一条转发路径，不进行负载分担。进一步地，为不改变不同候选路径之间的选路策略，在确定最优候选路径时，仍根据偏好值(preference)进行确定。例如图4b中，由于CP1的偏好值200大于CP2，则选择CP1为最优候选路径，且由于CP1对应标识信息R，则CP1中的多个段列表作为多发路径。
当所述标识信息为段列表级标识且候选路径中至少两个段列表均对应有标识信息时，该至少两条转发路径为至少两个段列表对应的路径。例如图4c所示，SR策略中包含候选路径CP1和候选路径CP2，经过偏好值(preference)选择CP1为优选候选路径。其中在进行段列表(segment list)的选择时，由于段列表1和段列表2均对应有标识信息R，将两条段列表同时选中作为转发路径。
当一个SR策略中同时携带多个级别的标识信息时，可以按照各级别的标识分别操作，相互不受影响。
(二)复合类型的SR策略
当标识信息为策略级标识时，指示该SR策略包括嵌套的子SR策略。当标识信息为路径级标识时，指示SR策略中候选路径包括嵌套的子SR策略。当标识信息为段列表级标识时，指示候选路径中段列表包括嵌套的子SR策略，例如图1b所示。
其中，关于标识信息在SR策略中的携带方式将在后续实施例进行说明。
S202：第一网络设备根据标识信息确定SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个对应的处理行为。
本实施例中，当第一网络设备通过解析SR策略获取标识信息后，可以根据标识信息确定匹配的处理行为。其中，处理行为包括转发路径的选择规则和业务报文的发送规则。例如，当标识信息指示的类型为多发选收类型时，对应的选择规则是从SR策略中确定至少两个转发路径，对应的发送规则是利用所确定的至少两个转发路径发送同一业务报文。当标识信息指示的类型为复合类型时，对应的选择规则是从SR策略对应的嵌套子SR策略中确定转发路径，对应的发送规则是利用确定的转发路径发送业务报文，所确定的转发路径实现负载分担。
基于此，当标识信息指示的类型为多发选收类型时，第一网络设备根据标识信息确定SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个对应的处理行为，包括：第一网络设备根据标识信息从SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个中确定至少两条转发路径；第一网络设备复制第一业务报文，获得第二业务报文；第一网络设备分别通过至少两条转发路径中的第一转发路径发送第一业务报文以及第二转发路径发送第二业务报文。由于标识信息可以为不同级别的标识，其确定出的至少两条转发路径的具体形式也不同，具体形式可以参见上述相关描述。
本实施例中，由于确定的至少两条转发路径为多发路径，则第一网络设备在获取到第一业务报文后，将对该第一业务报文进行复制，以获得第二业务报文。其中，第一业务报文和第二业务报文各自对应的数据载荷(payload)相同。然后，通过至少两条转发路径中的第一转发路径发送第一业务报文以及第二转发路径发送第二业务报文。即，第一网络设备将通过两条转发路径发送相同的业务报文。
当第一网络设备为SR策略中头端时，则第一网络设备在确定出第一转发路径和第二转发路径后，将对接收的数据包进行复制，将第一转发路径对应的路径信息封装在第一业务报文；将第二转发路径对应的路径信息封装在第二业务报文中。如图5a所示的端到端多发选收业务场景，头端R接收控制器下发的R策略，并对业务报文进行复制，报文分别通过P1节点或P2节点到达尾端M。M对报文进行选收，首包转发，冗余包丢弃。需要说明的是，通过P1节点发送的业务报文和通过P2节点发送的业务报文携带相同的数据(service data)，但IPv6header中所携带的路径信息不同。
当第一网络设备为路由策略中的中间节点时，则第一网络设备所获取的业务报文是路由策略的头端发送的，该业务报文中已经封装有头端确定的到达尾端的路径信息。当第一网络设备通过标识信息确定出至少两条转发路径后，将在所接收的业务报文中再次封装所确定的至少两条转发路径的路径信息。具体地，在第一业务报文封装第一转发路径的路径信息以及在第二业务报文中封装第二转发路径的路径信息；通过第一转发路径发送封装后 的第一业务报文以及通过第二转发路径发送封装后的第二业务报文。例如图5b所示的应用场景，第一网络设备为图中的节点R，头端为Ingress节点，控制器下发SR Policy到该头端，并制定一条Ingress节点到Egress节点(尾端)的路径，头端通过封装IPv6Header1来携带所指定的路径信息。控制器向节点R下发R Policy，指示R节点进行报文复制和路径信息封装。M节点对报文进行选收，首包转发至Egress节点，冗余包丢弃。
其中，第一网络设备可以通过以下方式封装路径信息，一种是，第一网络设备在第一业务报文的外层封装第一报文头，该第一报文头中包括第一转发路径的路径信息；在第二业务报文的外层封装第二报文头，该第二报文头包括第二转发路径的路径信息。也就是，第一网络设备可以通过在业务报文的外层封装新的报文头的方式来携带路径信息。例如图4b所示，在第一网络设备为图中的R节点，其通过在业务报文外层新封装IPv6Header2的形式来携带转发路径的路径信息。
另一种是，第一网络设备在第一业务报文的段路由头(Segment Routing Header，SRH)中插入第一转发路径对应的段列表以及在第二业务报文的SRH中插入第二转发路径对应的段列表。即，第一网络设备可以在业务报文的SRH中插入所确定的转发路径对应的段列表。
当标识信息指示的类型为复合类型时，第一网络设备根据标识信息确定SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个对应的处理行为，包括：第一网络设备根据标识信息从SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个对应的子SR策略中确定转发路径；第一网络设备利用转发路径发送业务报文。即，第一网络设备在选择转发路径时仍以候选路径的偏好值为依据，只不过是从子策略中确定的。
可见，第一网络设备获取SR策略，该SR策略中包括标识信息，该标识信息指示SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个的类型。第一网络设备通过该标识信息确定SR策略的相关类型，进而确定与该类型匹配的处理行为。即，第一网络设备根据SR策略中的标识信息可以确定出不同的处理行为，进而利用所确定的处理行为实现业务传输，不再利用单一的处理行为进行业务传输，提高处理业务的灵活性。
通过前述可知，标识信息可以为策略级标识、路径级标识和段列表级标识，针对不同级标识，标识信息在SR策略中的携带方式不同。
在一种实现方式中，当标识信息为策略级标识时，可以基于SR策略的下一代建模语言(yet another next generation，YANG)建模，以在该YANG模型增加该标识信息。YANG模型基于可扩展标记语言(extensible markup language，XML)实现，属于XML格式的文件，在该文件中可以包括SR策略的三元组标识以及标识信息。
在一种实现方式中，当标识信息为路径级标识时，可以通过以下方式携带在路由策略中：
一、基于边界网关(Border Gateway Protocol，BGP)协议下发的路由策略：
1)通过SR策略中候选路径对应的BSID对应的字段来携带标识信息。通常情况下，SR策略中每条候选路径具有BSID属性，因此可以通过BSID对应的字段携带标识信息。具体地，在控制器下发SR策略时，强制该SR策略绑定一种特殊的BSID及BSID对应的 行为指令，以指示该候选路径可以作为多发路径。
当控制器通过BGP协议下发SR策略时，可以通过在BGP下发SR策略的BSID属性的子类型长度值(type length value，TLV)中强制携带标识信息。例如，在基于第六版网络协议的段路由网络中，BSID属性对应有尾端节点行为字段(endpoint behavior)，则在该字段中携带标识信息。如图6a所示，BSID属性结构图，该BSID属性以TLV形式呈现，包括类型(Type)字段、长度(length)字段、标志(Flags)字段、保留(Reserved)字段、BSID字段以及endpoint behavior字段，在该endpoint behavior字段协议标识信息。
当SR策略运行在基于多协议标签交换的段路由网络时，由于在SR-MPLS网络中，BSID属性中没有对应的endpoint behavior字段，则在原有的BSID属性中新增行为字段，以通过giant新增的行为字段携带标识信息。如图6b所示，在原有的BSID属性中新增BSID behavior字段(虚线标识新增)，通过强制下发的方式，在该字段中携带标识信息。或者，在BSID属性下新增子TLV，即新增BSID behavior子TLV，以通过该BSID behavior子TLV携带标识信息。如图6c所示，为新增的BSID behavior子TLV结构图，包括Type、Length、以及BSID behavior等字段。
可选地，还可以将标识信息携带在BSID子TLV的保留字段或标志字段的某一比特位。如图5a或图5b所示的标志(Flags)字段和保留字段，对于标志字段而言，可以借用其中一个比特来携带标识信息。
2)通过在候选路径中新增一个标志位来携带标识信息，进而指示该候选路径可以作为多发路径。例如图4a所示，候选路径CP1和候选路径CP2均通过添加标志位Flag来携带标识信息R。
具体地，可以在候选路径对应的标志字段下新增标志(Flag)子TLV，通过该新增的标志子TLV携带标识信息。即通过扩展标志子TLV的方式携带以表示，该扩展方式同时适用于SRv6和SR MPLS场景。如图7所示，通过扩展Flag的子TLV来携带标识信息。
3)通过在候选路径中新增一个类型(type)位或属性(attribute)位来携带标识信息，进而指示该候选路径可以作为多发路径。如图8a所示，候选路径CP1和候选路径CP2通过新增的类型位携带标识信息(Redundancy)，以通过该Redundancy指示候选路径CP1和CP2可以作为多发路径。
具体地，可以在候选路径中新增指示字段子TLV，通过该新增的指示字段子TLV(候选路径类型子TLV或候选路径属性子TLV)携带标识信息。其中，该新增的指示字段子TLV可以包括类型位或属性位。例如图8b所示的候选路径类型子TLV结构图，包括Type、Length、CP Type和Reserved等字段，CP Type携带标识信息。
二、基于路径计算单元通信协议(Path Computation Element Communication Protocol，PCEP)协议下发的SR策略：
对于控制器通过PCEP协议下发SR策略时，标识信息可以携带在SR策略对应的关联信息(Association)中。
1)标识信息携带在关联信息对应的候选路径标识符(identifiers)子TLV的保留字段。如图9a所示的候选路径标识符子TLV结构示意图，通过在保留字段中增加Flag来携带标 识信息，指示该候选路径可以作为多发路径。
2)在SR策略对应的关联信息中新增关联TLV，以通过该关联TLV携带标识信息。如图9b所述新增的关联(association)TLV，称为候选路径类型TLV，通过在该TLV中定义新标志位(R或C)的方式携带标识信息。
在一种实现方式中，当标识信息为段列表级标识时，可以在段列表信息中增加一个属性标记位，通过该属性标记位携带标识信息。第一网络设备在处理段列表信息时，根据新增的属性标记位所携带的标识信息确定对应的处理行为。其中，属性标记位可以为一个新增的TLV。
在一种实现方式中，当标识信息为段列表级标识时，可以在段列表信息中增加一个类型(type)标记位，通过该类型标记为携带标识信息。第一网络设备在处理段列表信息时，根据新增的类型标记位所携带的标识信息确定对应的处理行为。其中，类型标记位可以为一个新增的TLV。
可见，SR策略中的标识信息可以有多种携带方式，在实际应用中，对于不同级别的标识信息可以采用上述多种携带方式。
参见图10，该图为本申请实施例提供的一种段路由策略发送方法流程图，如图10所示，该方法可以包括：
S1001：控制器获取SR策略。
本实施例中，控制器可以获取第一网络设备所在网络的拓扑信息，并根据拓扑信息以及相关路径算法确定SR策略，该SR策略中包括标识信息，该标识信息指示SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个的类型。其中，关于标识信息在SR策略中的携带方式可以参见上述方法实施例中的相关描述。
其中，类型可以包括多发选收类型和复合类型，该多发选收类型指示通过SR策略确定至少两条转发路径，该至少两条转发路径用于发送同一业务报文，复合类型指示SR策略中包括嵌套的子SR策略。
S1002：控制器向第一网络设备发送SR策略。
本实施例中，控制器在获取到SR策略后，将该SR策略发送给第一网络设备，以使得第一网络设备根据SR策略中的标识信息确定SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个对应的处理行为。
其中，控制器向第一网络设备发送SR策略时，可以采用BGP协议进行下发，也可以采用PCEP协议进行下发。
基于上述方法实施例，本申请实施例提供了一种段路由策略处理装置，下面将结合附图进行说明。
参见图11，该图为本申请实施例提供的一种段路由策略处理装置，该装置1000可以实现上述第一网络设备的功能，可以包括：获取单元1101和确定单元1102。
获取单元1101，用于获取段路由SR策略，所述段路由SR策略中包括标识信息，所述 标识信息指示所述SR策略、所述SR策略中候选路径以及所述候选路径中段列表中至少一个的类型。其中，关于获取单元1101的具体实现可以参见上述S201的相关描述。
确定单元1102，用于所述第一网络设备根据所述标识信息确定所述SR策略、所述SR策略中候选路径以及所述候选路径中段列表中至少一个对应的处理行为。其中，关于确定单元1102的具体实现可以参见上述S202的相关描述。
在一种可选的实现方式中，所述类型包括多发选收类型，所述多发选收类型指示通过所述SR策略确定至少两条转发路径，所述至少两条转发路径用于发送同一业务报文。
在一种可选的实现方式中，所述确定单元，包括：确定子单元、复制子单元和发送子单元；
确定子单元，用于根据所述标识信息从所述SR策略、所述SR策略中候选路径以及所述候选路径中段列表中至少一个确定至少两条转发路径；
复制子单元，用于复制第一业务报文，获得第二业务报文；
发送子单元，用于分别通过所述至少两条转发路径中的第一转发路径发送所述第一业务报文以及第二转发路径发送所述第二业务报文。
在一种可选的实现方式中，所述装置所在的设备为转发路径上的中间节点，所述发送子单元，具体用于分别在所述第一业务报文中封装所述第一转发路径的路径信息以及在所述第二业务报文中封装所述第二转发路径的路径信息；分别通过所述第一转发路径发送封装后的第一业务报文以及第二转发路径发送封装后的第二业务报文。
在一种可选的实现方式中，所述发送子单元，具体用于在所述第一业务报文的外层封装第一报文头，所述第一报文头包括所述第一转发路径的路径信息；在所述第二业务报文的外层封装第二报文头，所述第二报文头包括所述第二转发路径的路径信息；或，在所述第一业务报文的段路由头SRH中插入所述第一转发路径的路径信息；在所述第二业务报文的SRH中插入所述第二转发路径的路径信息。
在一种可选的实现方式中，当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略的类型为多发选收类型时，所述至少两条转发路径为所述SR策略中的至少两个候选路径；
当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径的类型为多发选收类型且所述SR策略中至少两个候选路径均对应有所述标识信息时，所述至少两条转发路径为所述SR策略中的至少两个候选路径；
当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径的类型为多发选收类型且所述SR策略中的一个候选路径对应有所述标识信息时，所述至少两条转发路径为所述SR策略中的候选路径中至少两个段列表对应的路径；
当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径中段列表的类型为多发选收类型且所述候选路径中至少两个段列表均对应有所述标识信息时，所述至少两条转发路径为所述至少两个段列表对应的路径。
在一种可选的实现方式中，所述类型包括复合类型，所述复合类型指示所述SR策略中包括嵌套的子SR策略。
在一种可选的实现方式中，所述确定单元，具体用于根据所述标识信息从所述SR策 略、所述SR策略中候选路径以及所述候选路径中段列表中至少一个对应的子SR策略中确定转发路径；根据所述转发路径发送业务报文。
在一种可选的实现方式中，当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径的类型时，所述标识信息携带在所述候选路径的绑定段标识BSID对应的字段。
在一种可选的实现方式中，在基于第六版网络协议的段路由SRv6网络中，所述标识信息携带在所述候选路径的BSID对应的行为字段中。
在一种可选的实现方式中，在基于多协议标签交换的段路由SR-MPLS网络中，BSID子类型长度值TLV中包括新增的BSID行为字段，所述标识信息携带在所述行为字段；或者所述标识信息携带在新增的BSID行为子TLV中。
在一种可选的实现方式中，所述标识信息携带在BSID子TLV中的标志字段或保留字段。
在一种可选的实现方式中，当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径的类型时，所述标识信息携带在所述候选路径对应的标志子TLV中。
在一种可选的实现方式中，当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径的类型时，所述标识信息携带在所述候选路径中新增的指示字段子TLV。
在一种可选的实现方式中，当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径的类型时，所述标识信息携带在所述SR策略的关联信息。
在一种可选的实现方式中，所述标识信息携带在所述关联信息对应的候选路径标识符子TLV的保留字段。
在一种可选的实现方式中，所述标识信息携带在所述关联信息新增的关联TLV。
需要说明的是，本实施例中各个单元的实现可以参见上述图2所示方法实施例中的相关描述，本实施例在此不再赘述。
参见图12，该图为本申请实施例提供的一种段路由策略发送装置，该装置1200能够实现上述控制器的功能，包括：获取单元1201和发送单元1202。
其中，获取单元1201，用于获取SR策略，该SR策略中包括标识信息，该标识信息指示SR策略、SR策略中候选路径以及候选路径中段列表中至少一个的类型；
发送单元1202，用于向第一网络设备发送该SR策略。
在一种可选的实现方式中，类型包括多发选收类型，该多发选收类型指示通过SR策略确定至少两条转发路径，该至少两条转发路径用于发送同一业务报文。
在一种可选的实现方式中，类型包括复合类型，复合类型指示SR策略中包括嵌套的子SR策略。
需要说明的是，本实施例中上述各个单元的实现可以参见图10所述方法实例中的相关描述，本实施例在此不再赘述。
本实施例中各个单元的具体实现可以参见上述方法实施例中的相关描述。本申请实施例中对单元的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。本申请实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独 物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。例如，上述实施例中，处理单元和发送单元可以是同一个单元，也可以是不同的单元。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
图13为本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备的结构示意图，该通信设备例如可以是上述方法实施例中的第一网络设备，或者也可以是图11所示实施例中装置1100的设备实现。
该通信设备1300包括：处理器1310、通信接口1320和存储器1330。其中通信设备1300中的处理器1310的数量可以一个或多个，图13中以一个处理器为例。本申请实施例中，处理器1310、通信接口1320和存储器1330可通过总线系统或其它方式连接，其中，图13中以通过总线系统1340连接为例。
处理器1310可以是CPU、NP、或者CPU和NP的组合。处理器1310还可以进一步包括硬件芯片。上述硬件芯片可以是专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)或其组合。上述PLD可以是复杂可编程逻辑器件(complex programmable logic device，CPLD)，现场可编程逻辑门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)，通用阵列逻辑(generic array logic，GAL)或其任意组合。
存储器1330可以包括易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(random-access memory，RAM)；存储器1330也可以包括非易失性存储器(non-volatile memory)，例如快闪存储器(flash memory)，硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(solid-state drive，SSD)；存储器1330还可以包括上述种类的存储器的组合。存储器1330例如可以存储前文提及的分段路由SR策略等。
可选地，存储器1330存储有操作系统和程序、可执行模块或者数据结构，或者它们的子集，或者它们的扩展集，其中，程序可包括各种操作指令，用于实现各种操作。操作系统可包括各种系统程序，用于实现各种基础业务以及处理基于硬件的任务。处理器1310可以读取存储器1330中的程序，实现本申请实施例提供的段路由策略处理方法。
其中，存储器1330可以为通信设备1300中的存储器件，也可以为独立于通信设备1300的存储装置。
总线系统1340可以是外设部件互连标准(peripheral component interconnect，PCI)总线或扩展工业标准结构(extended industry standard architecture，EISA)总线等。总线系统1340可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图13中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
图14是本申请实施例提供的一种网络设备1400的结构示意图，该网络设备例如可以是上述方法实施例中的第一网络设备，或者也可以是图11所示实施例中装置1100的设备实现。
网络设备1400包括：主控板1410和接口板1430。
主控板1410也称为主处理单元(main processing unit，MPU)或路由处理卡(route  processor card)，主控板1410对网络设备1400中各个组件的控制和管理，包括路由计算、设备管理、设备维护、协议处理功能。主控板1410包括：中央处理器1411和存储器1412。
接口板1430也称为线路接口单元卡(line processing unit，LPU)、线卡(line card)或业务板。接口板1430用于提供各种业务接口并实现数据包的转发。业务接口包括而不限于以太网接口、POS(Packet over SONET/SDH)接口等，以太网接口例如是灵活以太网业务接口(Flexible Ethernet Clients，FlexE Clients)。接口板1430包括：中央处理器1431、网络处理器1432、转发表项存储器1434和物理接口卡(physical interface card，PIC)1433。
接口板1430上的中央处理器1431用于对接口板1430进行控制管理并与主控板1410上的中央处理器1411进行通信。
网络处理器1432用于实现报文的转发处理。网络处理器1432的形态可以是转发芯片。具体而言，上行报文的处理包括：报文入接口的处理，转发表查找；下行报文的处理包括转发表查找等等。
物理接口卡1433用于实现物理层的对接功能，原始的流量由此进入接口板1430，以及处理后的报文从该物理接口卡1433发出。物理接口卡1433包括至少一个物理接口，物理接口也称物理口。物理接口卡1433也称为子卡，可安装在接口板1430上，负责将光电信号转换为报文并对报文进行合法性检查后转发给网络处理器1432处理。在一些实施例中，接口板1403的中央处理器1431也可执行网络处理器1432的功能，比如基于通用CPU实现软件转发，从而物理接口卡1433中不需要网络处理器1432。
可选地，网络设备1400包括多个接口板，例如网络设备1400还包括接口板1440，接口板1440包括：中央处理器1441、网络处理器1442、转发表项存储器1444和物理接口卡1443。
可选地，网络设备1400还包括交换网板1420。交换网板1420也可以称为交换网板单元(switch fabric unit，SFU)。在网络设备有多个接口板1430的情况下，交换网板1420用于完成各接口板之间的数据交换。例如，接口板1430和接口板1440之间可以通过交换网板1420通信。
主控板1410和接口板1430耦合。例如。主控板1410、接口板1430和接口板1440，以及交换网板1420之间通过系统总线与系统背板相连实现互通。在一种可能的实现方式中，主控板1410和接口板1430之间建立进程间通信协议(inter-process communication，IPC)通道，主控板1410和接口板1430之间通过IPC通道进行通信。
在逻辑上，网络设备1400包括控制面和转发面，控制面包括主控板1410和中央处理器1431，转发面包括执行转发的各个组件，比如转发表项存储器1434、物理接口卡1433和网络处理器1432。控制面执行路由器、生成转发表、处理信令和协议报文、配置与维护设备的状态等功能，控制面将生成的转发表下发给转发面，在转发面，网络处理器1432基于控制面下发的转发表对物理接口卡1433收到的报文查表转发。控制面下发的转发表可以保存在转发表项存储器1434中。在一些实施例中，控制面和转发面可以完全分离，不在同一设备上。
应理解，本申请实施例中接口板1440上的操作与接口板1430的操作一致，为了简洁， 不再赘述。应理解，本实施例的网络设备1400可对应于上述各个方法实施例中的第一网络设备，该网络设备1400中的主控板1410、接口板1430和/或接口板1440可以实现上述各个方法实施例中的各种步骤，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
应理解，主控板可能有一块或多块，有多块的时候可以包括主用主控板和备用主控板。接口板可能有一块或多块，网络设备的数据处理能力越强，提供的接口板越多。接口板上的物理接口卡也可以有一块或多块。交换网板可能没有，也可能有一块或多块，有多块的时候可以共同实现负荷分担冗余备份。在集中式转发架构下，网络设备可以不需要交换网板，接口板承担整个系统的业务数据的处理功能。在分布式转发架构下，网络设备可以有至少一块交换网板，通过交换网板实现多块接口板之间的数据交换，提供大容量的数据交换和处理能力。所以，分布式架构的网络设备的数据接入和处理能力要大于集中式架构的设备。可选地，网络设备的形态也可以是只有一块板卡，即没有交换网板，接口板和主控板的功能集成在该一块板卡上，此时接口板上的中央处理器和主控板上的中央处理器在该一块板卡上可以合并为一个中央处理器，执行两者叠加后的功能，这种形态设备的数据交换和处理能力较低(例如，低端交换机或路由器等网络设备)。具体采用哪种架构，取决于具体的组网部署场景。
在一些可能的实施例中，上述网络设备可以实现为虚拟化设备。例如，虚拟化设备可以是运行有用于发送报文功能的程序的虚拟机(virtual machine，VM)，虚拟机部署在硬件设备上(例如，物理服务器)。虚拟机指通过软件模拟的具有完整硬件系统功能的、运行在一个完全隔离环境中的完整计算机系统。可以将虚拟机配置为网络设备。例如，可以基于通用的物理服务器结合网络功能虚拟化(network functions virtualization，NFV)技术来实现网络设备。网络设备为虚拟主机、虚拟路由器或虚拟交换机。本领域技术人员通过阅读本申请即可结合NFV技术在通用物理服务器上虚拟出具有上述功能的网络设备，此处不再赘述。
应理解，上述各种产品形态的网络设备，具有上述方法实施例中第一网络设备的任意功能，此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种芯片，包括处理器和接口电路，接口电路，用于接收指令并传输至处理器；处理器，例如可以是图11示出的段路由策略处理装置1100的一种具体实现形式，可以用于执行上述段路由策略处理方法。其中，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，使得该芯片系统实现上述任一方法实施例中的方法。
可选地，该芯片系统中的处理器可以为一个或多个。该处理器可以通过硬件实现也可以通过软件实现。当通过硬件实现时，该处理器可以是逻辑电路、集成电路等。当通过软件实现时，该处理器可以是一个通用处理器，通过读取存储器中存储的软件代码来实现。
可选地，该芯片系统中的存储器也可以为一个或多个。该存储器可以与处理器集成在一起，也可以和处理器分离设置，本申请并不限定。示例性的，存储器可以是非瞬时性处理器，例如只读存储器ROM，其可以与处理器集成在同一块芯片上，也可以分别设置在不同的芯片上，本申请对存储器的类型，以及存储器与处理器的设置方式不作具体限定。
示例性的，该芯片系统可以是现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)， 可以是专用集成芯片(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，还可以是系统芯片(system on chip，SoC)，还可以是中央处理器(central processor unit，CPU)，还可以是网络处理器(network processor，NP)，还可以是数字信号处理电路(digital signal processor，DSP)，还可以是微控制器(micro controller unit，MCU)，还可以是可编程控制器(programmable logic device，PLD)或其他集成芯片。
本申请实施例还提供了一种网络系统，该网络系统包括控制器和第一网络设备。其中，第一网络设备用于执行上述SR策略处理方法；控制器用于执行上述SR策略发送方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令或计算机程序，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行以上实施例提供的段路由策略处理方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种包含指令或计算机程序的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行以上实施例提供的段路由策略处理方法。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑业务划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各业务单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件业务单元的形式实现。
集成的单元如果以软件业务单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例方法的全部或部分步骤。 而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本领域技术人员应该可以意识到，在上述一个或多个示例中，本申请所描述的业务可以用硬件、软件、固件或它们的任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以将这些业务存储在计算机可读介质中或者作为计算机可读介质上的一个或多个指令或代码进行传输。计算机可读介质包括计算机存储介质和通信介质，其中通信介质包括便于从一个地方向另一个地方传送计算机程序的任何介质。存储介质可以是通用或专用计算机能够存取的任何可用介质。
以上的具体实施方式，对本申请的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上仅为本申请的具体实施方式而已。
以上，以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (36)

  1. 一种段路由策略处理方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第一网络设备获取段路由SR策略，所述段路由SR策略中包括标识信息，所述标识信息指示所述SR策略、所述SR策略中候选路径以及所述候选路径中段列表中至少一个的类型；
    所述第一网络设备根据所述标识信息确定所述SR策略、所述SR策略中候选路径以及所述候选路径中段列表中至少一个对应的处理行为。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述类型包括多发选收类型，所述多发选收类型指示通过所述SR策略确定至少两条转发路径，所述至少两条转发路径用于发送同一业务报文。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一网络设备根据所述标识信息确定所述SR策略、所述SR策略中候选路径以及所述候选路径中段列表中至少一个对应的处理行为，包括：
    所述第一网络设备根据所述标识信息从所述SR策略、所述SR策略中候选路径以及所述候选路径中段列表中至少一个确定至少两条转发路径；
    所述第一网络设备复制第一业务报文，获得第二业务报文；
    所述第一网络设备分别通过所述至少两条转发路径中的第一转发路径发送所述第一业务报文以及第二转发路径发送所述第二业务报文。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一网络设备为转发路径上的中间节点，所述第一网络设备分别通过所述至少两条转发路径中的第一转发路径发送所述第一业务报文以及第二转发路径发送所述第二业务报文，包括：
    所述第一网络设备分别在所述第一业务报文中封装所述第一转发路径的路径信息以及在所述第二业务报文中封装所述第二转发路径的路径信息；
    所述第一网络设备分别通过所述第一转发路径发送封装后的第一业务报文以及第二转发路径发送封装后的第二业务报文。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一网络设备在所述第一业务报文中封装所述第一转发路径的路径信息以及在所述第二业务报文中封装所述第二转发路径的路径信息，包括：
    所述第一网络设备在所述第一业务报文的外层封装第一报文头，所述第一报文头包括所述第一转发路径的路径信息；
    所述第一网络设备在所述第二业务报文的外层封装第二报文头，所述第二报文头包括所述第二转发路径的路径信息；或，
    所述第一网络设备在所述第一业务报文的段路由头SRH中插入所述第一转发路径的路径信息；
    所述第一网络设备在所述第二业务报文的SRH中插入所述第二转发路径的路径信息。
  6. 根据权利要求2至5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略的类型为多发选收类型时，所述至少两条转发路径为所述SR策略中的至少两个候选 路径；
    当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径的类型为多发选收类型且所述SR策略中至少两个候选路径均对应有所述标识信息时，所述至少两条转发路径为所述SR策略中的至少两个候选路径；
    当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径的类型为多发选收类型且所述SR策略中的一个候选路径对应有所述标识信息时，所述至少两条转发路径为所述SR策略中的候选路径中至少两个段列表对应的路径；
    当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径中段列表的类型为多发选收类型且所述候选路径中至少两个段列表均对应有所述标识信息时，所述至少两条转发路径为所述至少两个段列表对应的路径。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述类型包括复合类型，所述复合类型指示所述SR策略中包括嵌套的子SR策略。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一网络设备根据所述标识信息确定所述SR策略、所述候选路径以及所述段列表中至少一个对应的处理行为，包括：
    所述第一网络设备根据所述标识信息从所述SR策略、所述SR策略中候选路径以及所述候选路径中段列表中至少一个对应的子SR策略中确定转发路径；
    所述第一网络设备根据所述转发路径发送业务报文。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径的类型时，所述标识信息携带在所述候选路径的绑定段标识BSID对应的字段。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，在基于第六版网络协议的段路由SRv6网络中，所述标识信息携带在所述候选路径的BSID对应的行为字段中。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，在基于多协议标签交换的段路由SR-MPLS网络中，BSID子类型长度值TLV中包括新增的BSID行为字段，所述标识信息携带在所述行为字段；或者所述标识信息携带在新增的BSID行为子TLV中。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述标识信息携带在BSID子TLV中的标志字段或保留字段。
  13. 根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径的类型时，所述标识信息携带在所述候选路径对应的标志子TLV中。
  14. 根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径的类型时，所述标识信息携带在所述候选路径中新增的指示字段子TLV。
  15. 根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径的类型时，所述标识信息携带在所述SR策略的关联信息。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述标识信息携带在所述关联信息对应的候选路径标识符子TLV的保留字段。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述标识信息携带在所述关联信息新增的关联TLV。
  18. 一种段路由策略处理装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    获取单元，用于获取段路由SR策略，所述段路由SR策略中包括标识信息，所述标识信息指示所述SR策略、所述SR策略中候选路径以及所述候选路径中段列表中至少一个的类型；
    确定单元，用于所述第一网络设备根据所述标识信息确定所述SR策略、所述SR策略中候选路径以及所述候选路径中段列表中至少一个对应的处理行为。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的装置，其特征在于，所述类型包括多发选收类型，所述多发选收类型指示通过所述SR策略确定至少两条转发路径，所述至少两条转发路径用于发送同一业务报文。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述确定单元，包括：
    确定子单元，用于根据所述标识信息从所述SR策略、所述SR策略中候选路径以及所述候选路径中段列表中至少一个确定至少两条转发路径；
    复制子单元，用于复制第一业务报文，获得第二业务报文；
    发送子单元，用于分别通过所述至少两条转发路径中的第一转发路径发送所述第一业务报文以及第二转发路径发送所述第二业务报文。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置所在的设备为转发路径上的中间节点，所述发送子单元，具体用于分别在所述第一业务报文中封装所述第一转发路径的路径信息以及在所述第二业务报文中封装所述第二转发路径的路径信息；分别通过所述第一转发路径发送封装后的第一业务报文以及第二转发路径发送封装后的第二业务报文。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述发送子单元，具体用于在所述第一业务报文的外层封装第一报文头，所述第一报文头包括所述第一转发路径的路径信息；在所述第二业务报文的外层封装第二报文头，所述第二报文头包括所述第二转发路径的路径信息；或，在所述第一业务报文的段路由头SRH中插入所述第一转发路径的路径信息；在所述第二业务报文的SRH中插入所述第二转发路径的路径信息。
  23. 根据权利要求19至22任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略的类型为多发选收类型时，所述至少两条转发路径为所述SR策略中的至少两个候选路径；
    当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径的类型为多发选收类型且所述SR策略中至少两个候选路径均对应有所述标识信息时，所述至少两条转发路径为所述SR策略中的至少两个候选路径；
    当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径的类型为多发选收类型且所述SR策略中的一个候选路径对应有所述标识信息时，所述至少两条转发路径为所述SR策略中的候选路径中至少两个段列表对应的路径；
    当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径中段列表的类型为多发选收类型且所述候选路径中至少两个段列表均对应有所述标识信息时，所述至少两条转发路径为所述至少两个段列表对应的路径。
  24. 根据权利要求18所述的装置，其特征在于，所述类型包括复合类型，所述复合类 型指示所述SR策略中包括嵌套的子SR策略。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的装置，其特征在于，所述确定单元，具体用于根据所述标识信息从所述SR策略、所述SR策略中候选路径以及所述候选路径中段列表中至少一个对应的子SR策略中确定转发路径；根据所述转发路径发送业务报文。
  26. 根据权利要求18至25任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径的类型时，所述标识信息携带在所述候选路径的绑定段标识BSID对应的字段。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，在基于第六版网络协议的段路由SRv6网络中，所述标识信息携带在所述候选路径的BSID对应的行为字段中。
  28. 根据权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，在基于多协议标签交换的段路由SR-MPLS网络中，BSID子类型长度值TLV中包括新增的BSID行为字段，所述标识信息携带在所述行为字段；或者所述标识信息携带在新增的BSID行为子TLV中。
  29. 根据权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，所述标识信息携带在BSID子TLV中的标志字段或保留字段。
  30. 根据权利要求18至25任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径的类型时，所述标识信息携带在所述候选路径对应的标志子TLV中。
  31. 根据权利要求18至25任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径的类型时，所述标识信息携带在所述候选路径中新增的指示字段子TLV。
  32. 根据权利要求18至25任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，当所述标识信息指示所述SR策略中候选路径的类型时，所述标识信息携带在所述SR策略的关联信息。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的装置，其特征在于，所述标识信息携带在所述关联信息对应的候选路径标识符子TLV的保留字段。
  34. 根据权利要求32所述的装置，其特征在于，所述标识信息携带在所述关联信息新增的关联TLV。
  35. 一种网络设备，其特征在于，所述设备包括：处理器和存储器；
    所述存储器，用于存储指令或计算机程序；
    所述处理器，用于执行所述存储器中的所述指令或计算机程序，以使得所述网络设备执行权利要求1-17任意一项所述的方法。
  36. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括指令，当其在处理器上运行时，实现以上权利要求1-17任意一项所述的方法。
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