WO2023226981A1 - 一种寻呼方法及通信装置 - Google Patents

一种寻呼方法及通信装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023226981A1
WO2023226981A1 PCT/CN2023/095789 CN2023095789W WO2023226981A1 WO 2023226981 A1 WO2023226981 A1 WO 2023226981A1 CN 2023095789 W CN2023095789 W CN 2023095789W WO 2023226981 A1 WO2023226981 A1 WO 2023226981A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
terminal device
paging
information
moment
access network
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/095789
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曾宇
耿婷婷
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to JP2024564527A priority Critical patent/JP7795007B2/ja
Priority to EP23811052.2A priority patent/EP4489487A4/en
Priority to KR1020247034601A priority patent/KR20240162554A/ko
Publication of WO2023226981A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023226981A1/zh
Priority to US18/957,689 priority patent/US20250089020A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W68/00—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like
    • H04W68/02—Arrangements for increasing efficiency of notification or paging channel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N20/00—Machine learning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W60/00—Affiliation to network, e.g. registration; Terminating affiliation with the network, e.g. de-registration
    • H04W60/04—Affiliation to network, e.g. registration; Terminating affiliation with the network, e.g. de-registration using triggered events
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W68/00—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like
    • H04W68/04—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like multi-step notification using statistical or historical mobility data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/029—Location-based management or tracking services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/20—Manipulation of established connections
    • H04W76/27—Transitions between radio resource control [RRC] states

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technology, and in particular, to a paging method and a communication device.
  • the terminal device In a wireless communication network, when the terminal device has no data transmission, the terminal device will enter the idle (IDLE) state or the deactivated (INACTIVE) state. In these two states, the connection between the terminal device and the access network device is disconnected. If the access network device needs to send a signal to the terminal device again, it must first find the terminal device through paging and establish a connection with the terminal device. After the connection is made, the signal is transmitted.
  • IDLE idle
  • IACTIVE deactivated
  • paging is usually performed in the following manner: when the terminal device is in idle state, the core network will perform paging for all cells in the tracking area (TA) registered by the terminal device in the core network; or, when the terminal device is in the idle state, paging is performed When in the deactivated state, the access network equipment needs to page all cells within the configured radio access node notification area (RNA). This method results in a large paging range and low paging efficiency.
  • TA tracking area
  • RNA radio access node notification area
  • the present disclosure provides a paging method and a communication device, in order to improve the paging efficiency of terminal equipment.
  • the present disclosure provides a paging method, which can be applied to a core network element or a first access network device; wherein, the first access network device refers to a terminal device that enters non-connection mode.
  • the access network equipment Before entering the state, access network equipment provides services to terminal equipment.
  • Non-connected state includes deactivated state or idle state.
  • the paging method includes: obtaining first information, the first information being used to indicate the movement trajectory of the terminal device; wherein the movement trajectory of the terminal device includes N1 times of the terminal device before the first moment. Historical positions and/or N2 predicted positions of the terminal device after the first moment, the N1 and N2 are positive integers; the first moment is when the terminal device changes from a connected state to a non-connected state state or deactivation state.
  • the predicted position of the terminal device at a second time is determined; wherein the second time is later than the first time.
  • the historical trajectory information and predicted trajectory information of the terminal equipment are introduced to accurately target the paging range of the terminal equipment to the target cell, which can reduce the signaling overhead and delay related to paging, and improve the paging efficiency and accuracy.
  • the obtaining the first information includes: before the first moment, from the access network device that provides services for the terminal device.
  • the context release message of the terminal device is obtained, and the uplink release message includes the first information.
  • the obtaining the first information includes: before the first moment, receiving a message from the terminal.
  • the first information of the device includes: before the first moment, receiving a message from the terminal.
  • the above provides two implementation methods for obtaining the first information under different circumstances.
  • determining the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment based on the first information includes: when the movement trajectory of the terminal device includes the N1 historical positions, determining the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment according to the Determine the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment based on the N1 historical positions of the terminal device before the first moment; or, when the motion trajectory of the terminal device includes the N2 predicted positions, determine the predicted position of the terminal device at the N2 predicted positions.
  • the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment is determined from the predicted position.
  • the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment is located in the coverage area of the target beam in the target cell, and the paging message includes information indicating the target beam.
  • the above paging method further includes: sending second information to the access network device to which the target cell belongs at the second moment, where the second information is used to indicate to the terminal device At N2 predicted positions after the first moment, the second information is used to determine the target beam in the target cell, and the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment is located in the coverage of the target beam. scope.
  • the above paging method further includes: receiving a first paging response message from an access network device to which the target cell belongs, where the first paging response message is used to indicate that the terminal The paging of the device is successful, and the first paging response message includes third information, and the third information is used to indicate one or more of the following: the beam that the terminal device accesses in the target cell. ; The location information of the terminal device when paging is successful; the location information of the terminal device before paging is successful. Through the third information, the actual location information of the terminal device can be interacted.
  • the above paging method further includes: predicting the location of the terminal device after successful paging based on the third information.
  • the accuracy of location prediction can be improved by using the actual location information of the terminal device to predict future locations.
  • the present disclosure provides a paging method, which can be applied to a second access network device.
  • the second access network device refers to the paging range (target cell) corresponding to the terminal device. Access network equipment.
  • the paging method includes: obtaining a paging message, the paging message includes information indicating a target cell, and the target cell is determined according to the movement trajectory of the terminal device; wherein, the terminal device
  • the movement trajectory includes N1 historical positions of the terminal device before the first moment and/or N2 predicted positions of the terminal device after the first moment, where N1 and N2 are positive integers, so
  • the first time is the time when the terminal equipment changes from a connected state to a non-connected state or a deactivated state, the predicted position of the terminal equipment at the second time is located in the target cell, and the second time is later than The first moment; and paging the terminal device in the target cell according to the paging message.
  • the paging message includes information indicating a target beam, and the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment is located in the coverage area of the target beam.
  • the above paging method further includes: obtaining second information, the second information being used to indicate the N2 predicted positions of the terminal device after the first moment; according to the second information, determine the target beam in the target cell, and the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment is located in the coverage area of the target beam.
  • paging the terminal device in the target cell includes: paging the terminal device within the coverage of the target beam of the target cell. call.
  • the above paging method further includes: sending a paging response message, the paging response message is used to indicate that paging to the terminal device is successful, the paging response message includes a third Information, the third information is used to indicate one or more of the following: the beam that the terminal equipment accesses in the target cell; the location information of the terminal equipment when paging is successful; the terminal equipment Location information before paging is successful.
  • the present disclosure provides a communication device.
  • the communication device may be a core network element, a device, a module or a chip in the core network element, or a device that can be used in conjunction with the core network element.
  • the communication device may be the first access network device, or may be a device, module or chip in the first access network device, or a device that can be used in conjunction with the first access network device.
  • the communication device may include a module that performs one-to-one correspondence with the method/operation/step/action described in the first aspect.
  • the module may be a hardware circuit, software, or a combination of hardware circuit and software.
  • the communication device may include a processing module and a communication module.
  • the communication module is used to obtain first information, and the first information is used to indicate the movement trajectory of the terminal device; wherein the movement trajectory of the terminal device includes N1 historical positions of the terminal device before the first moment. and/or the N2 predicted positions of the terminal device after the first moment, where the N1 and N2 are positive integers; the first moment is when the terminal device changes from a connected state to a non-connected state or The moment of deactivation.
  • a processing module configured to determine the predicted position of the terminal device at a second moment according to the first information; wherein the second moment is later than the first moment; and send a message to the target at the second moment through the communication module
  • the access network device to which the cell belongs sends a paging message; wherein the paging message includes information indicating the target cell, and the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment is located in the target cell.
  • the communication module is specifically configured to: before the first moment, obtain a context release message of the terminal device from an access network device that provides services for the terminal device.
  • the context release message includes the first information.
  • the communication module is specifically configured to: receive the first information from the terminal device before the first time.
  • the processing module is specifically configured to, when the movement trajectory of the terminal device includes the N1 historical positions, determine the N1 historical positions of the terminal device before the first moment. The predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment; or, when the motion trajectory of the terminal device includes the N2 predicted positions, determine the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment among the N2 predicted positions.
  • the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment is located in the coverage area of the target beam in the target cell, and the paging message includes information indicating the target beam.
  • the processing module is further configured to send second information to the access network device to which the target cell belongs at the second moment through the communication module, where the second information is used to indicate The N2 predicted positions of the terminal device after the first moment, the second information is used to determine the target beam in the target cell, and the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment is located in the Target beam coverage.
  • the communication module is further configured to receive a first paging response message from an access network device to which the target cell belongs, where the first paging response message is used to indicate that the terminal device paging is successful, the first paging response message includes third information, the third information is used to indicate one or more of the following: the terminal The beam that the device accesses in the target cell; the location information of the terminal device when paging is successful; the location information of the terminal device before paging is successful.
  • the processing module is further configured to predict the location of the terminal device after successful paging based on the third information.
  • the present disclosure provides a communication device.
  • the communication device may be a second access network device, or may be a device, module or chip in the second access network device, or may be capable of communicating with the second access network device.
  • Network equipment matches the device used.
  • the communication device may include a module that performs one-to-one correspondence with the method/operation/step/action described in the second aspect.
  • the module may be a hardware circuit, software, or a combination of hardware circuit and software. accomplish.
  • the communication device may include a processing module and a communication module.
  • the communication module is used to obtain a paging message, the paging message includes information indicating a target cell, and the target cell is determined according to the movement trajectory of the terminal device; wherein, the movement trajectory of the terminal device Including N1 historical positions of the terminal device before the first moment and/or N2 predicted positions of the terminal device after the first moment, the N1 and the N2 are positive integers, and the first The time is the time when the terminal equipment changes from the connected state to the non-connected state or the deactivated state. The predicted position of the terminal equipment at the second time is located in the target cell. The second time is later than the first time. A moment.
  • a processing module configured to page the terminal device in the target cell according to the paging message.
  • the paging message includes information indicating a target beam, and the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment is located in the coverage area of the target beam.
  • the communication module is also configured to obtain second information, where the second information is used to indicate N2 predicted positions of the terminal device after the first moment.
  • the processing module is further configured to determine a target beam in the target cell according to the second information, and the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment is located in the coverage area of the target beam.
  • the processing module is further configured to perform paging for the terminal device within the coverage of the target beam of the target cell.
  • the processing module is also configured to send a paging response message through the communication module.
  • the paging response message is used to indicate that paging to the terminal device is successful.
  • the paging response message includes third information, the third information is used to indicate one or more of the following: the beam that the terminal device accesses in the target cell; the location information of the terminal device when paging is successful; The location information of the terminal device before paging is successful.
  • the present disclosure provides a communication device, which includes a processor for implementing the method described in the first aspect.
  • the processor is coupled to a memory, and the memory is used to store instructions and data.
  • the communication device may also include a memory; the communication device may also include a communication interface, which is used for the device to communicate with other devices.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, a circuit, Bus, module, pin or other type of communication interface.
  • the communication device includes: a memory for storing program instructions; a processor for using the communication interface to obtain first information, the first information being used to indicate the movement trajectory of the terminal device; wherein, The motion trajectory of the terminal device includes N1 historical positions of the terminal device before the first moment and/or N2 predicted positions of the terminal device after the first moment, where the N1 and N2 are a positive integer; the first moment is the moment when the terminal device changes from a connected state to a non-connected state or a deactivated state; the processor is further configured to: according to the first information, determine that the terminal device is in a second state The predicted position at the time; wherein the second time is later than the first time; and sending a paging message to the access network device to which the target cell belongs at the second moment through the communication module; wherein the paging message includes information indicating the target cell, and the terminal device at the second moment The predicted location at time is located in the target cell.
  • the motion trajectory of the terminal device includes N1 historical positions of the terminal device before the first moment and
  • the present disclosure provides a communication device, which includes a processor for implementing the method described in the second aspect.
  • the processor is coupled to a memory, and the memory is used to store instructions and data.
  • the communication device may also include a memory; the communication device may also include a communication interface, which is used for the device to communicate with other devices.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, a circuit, Bus, module, pin or other type of communication interface.
  • the communication device includes: a memory for storing program instructions; a processor for using a communication interface to obtain a paging message, where the paging message includes information indicating the target cell, so The target cell is determined based on the movement trajectory of the terminal equipment; wherein the movement trajectory of the terminal equipment includes the N1 historical positions of the terminal equipment before the first time and/or the terminal equipment at the first time.
  • the N1 and N2 are positive integers, and the first moment is the moment when the terminal device changes from a connected state to a non-connected state or a deactivated state.
  • the terminal device is in the The predicted position at the second time is located in the target cell, and the second time is later than the first time.
  • the processor is also configured to page the terminal device in the target cell according to the paging message.
  • the present disclosure provides a communication system, including a communication device as described in the third or fifth aspect; and a communication device as described in the fourth or sixth aspect.
  • the present disclosure also provides a computer program, which when the computer program is run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method provided in any one of the above-mentioned first to second aspects.
  • the present disclosure also provides a computer program product, which includes instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the method provided in any one of the above-mentioned first to second aspects.
  • the present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or instructions.
  • the computer program or instructions When the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute The method provided in any one of the above first to second aspects.
  • the present disclosure also provides a chip, which is used to read a computer program stored in a memory and execute the method provided in any one of the above-mentioned first to second aspects.
  • the present disclosure also provides a chip system.
  • the chip system includes a processor and is used to support a computer device to implement the method provided in any one of the above-mentioned first to second aspects.
  • the chip system further includes a memory, and the memory is used to store necessary programs and data of the computer device.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips or include chips and other discrete devices.
  • Figure 1 is an architectural schematic diagram of a communication system provided by the present disclosure
  • Figure 2A is a schematic structural diagram of an access network device provided by the present disclosure
  • Figure 2B is a schematic structural diagram of another access network device provided by the present disclosure.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between TA and RNA
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a listening position for paging messages
  • Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a neuron
  • Figure 5B is a schematic diagram of the layer relationship of the neural network
  • Figure 5C is a schematic diagram of an AI application framework provided by the present disclosure.
  • Figure 6 is one of the flow diagrams of the paging method provided by the present disclosure.
  • Figure 7 is one of the flow diagrams of the paging method provided by the present disclosure.
  • Figure 8 is one of the flow diagrams of the paging method provided by the present disclosure.
  • Figure 9 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the communication device provided by the present disclosure.
  • Figure 10 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the communication device provided by the present disclosure.
  • the disclosure below refers to at least one (item), indicating one (item) or more (items). Multiple (items) refers to two (items) or more than two (items).
  • “And/or” describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and/or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character “/” generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or” relationship.
  • first, second, etc. may be used to describe various objects in this disclosure, these objects should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish objects from each other.
  • the communication system can be a third generation ( 3th generation, 3G) communication system (such as a universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS)), a fourth generation 4th generation (4G) communication systems (such as long term evolution (LTE) systems), 5th generation (5G) communication systems, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) ) or a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, or a converged system of multiple systems, or a future communication system, such as a 6G communication system.
  • 3G third generation
  • 3G such as a universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS)
  • 4G 4th generation
  • LTE long term evolution
  • 5G 5th generation
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • converged system of multiple systems such as a 6G communication system
  • the 5G communication system can also be called a new radio (NR) system.
  • NR new radio
  • One network element in a communication system can send signals to or receive signals from another network element.
  • the signal may include information, signaling or data, etc.
  • the network element can also be replaced by an entity, a network entity, a device, a communication device, a communication module, a node, a communication node, etc.
  • a network element is taken as an example for description.
  • the communication system may include at least one terminal device and at least one access network device.
  • the access network device can send downlink signals to the terminal device, and/or the terminal device can send uplink signals to the access network device.
  • the communication system includes multiple terminal devices, multiple terminal devices can also communicate with each other.
  • Mutual signaling means that both the signal sending network element and the signal receiving network element can be terminal devices.
  • the communication system includes an access network device 110 and two terminal devices, namely a terminal device 120 and a terminal device 130 . At least one of the terminal device 120 and the terminal device 130 may send uplink data to the access network device 110, and the access network device 110 may receive the uplink data. The access network device may send downlink data to at least one of the terminal device 120 and the terminal device 130.
  • the access network equipment can be a base station (BS). Access network equipment can also be called network equipment, access node (AN), and wireless access node (radio access node, RAN). The access network equipment can be connected to the core network (such as the core network of LTE or the core network of 5G, etc.). The access network equipment can provide wireless access services for terminal equipment and communicate with the terminal equipment through one or more cells over the air interface. Access network equipment includes, for example, but is not limited to at least one of the following: next-generation node B (generation nodeB, gNB) in 5G, access network equipment in open radio access network (open radio access network, O-RAN), or access network equipment.
  • generation nodeB generation nodeB
  • O-RAN open radio access network
  • Network access equipment includes modules, evolved node B (evolved node B, eNB), wireless network controller (radio network controller, RNC), node B (node B, NB), base station controller (base station controller, BSC) , base transceiver station (BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved nodeB, or home node B, HNB), base band unit (base band unit, BBU), transmitting and receiving point (TRP), Transmitting point (TP), and/or mobile switching center, etc.
  • evolved node B evolved node B
  • RNC radio network controller
  • node B node B
  • BSC base station controller
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • home base station for example, home evolved nodeB, or home node B, HNB
  • base band unit base band unit
  • TRP transmitting and receiving point
  • TP Transmitting point
  • mobile switching center etc.
  • the access network device may also be a radio unit (RU), centralized unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), or centralized unit control plane (CU control plane, CU-CP) node , or centralized unit user plane (CU user plane, CU-UP) node.
  • the access network equipment can be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, or an access network equipment in a future evolved public land mobile network (public land mobile network, PLMN), etc.
  • gNB1 and gNB2 are connected to the core network.
  • gNB1 and gNB2 may include CUs and DUs.
  • CU and DU are the division of access network equipment from the perspective of logical functions.
  • CU and DU can be physically separated or deployed together.
  • Multiple DUs can be centrally controlled by one CU and one DU.
  • Multiple CUs can also be connected.
  • the interface between the CU and the DU may be called the F1 interface.
  • Figure 2A illustrates the situation where two DUs are centrally controlled by one CU in gNB1 (or gNB2).
  • the communication device used to realize the function of the access network device may be an access network device, or a network device with partial functions of the access network device, or a device that can support the access network device to realize the function. , such as a chip system, hardware circuit, software module, or hardware circuit plus software module, the device can be installed in the access network equipment or used in conjunction with the access network equipment.
  • the communication device used to implement the function of the access network device is an access network device as an example for description.
  • Terminal equipment is also called terminal, user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), etc.
  • An end device may be a device that provides voice and/or data connectivity to a user.
  • Terminal equipment can communicate with one or more core networks through access network equipment.
  • Terminal devices include handheld devices with wireless connectivity, other processing devices connected to wireless modems, or vehicle-mounted devices.
  • the terminal device may be a portable, pocket-sized, handheld, computer-built-in or vehicle-mounted mobile device.
  • Examples of some terminal devices are: personal communication service (PCS) phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop, WLL) station, personal digital assistant (PDA), wireless network camera, mobile phone, tablet computer, notebook computer, handheld computer, mobile Internet device (mobile internet device, MID), wearable devices such as smart phones Watches, virtual reality (VR) equipment, augmented reality (AR) equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control (industrial control), terminals in Internet of Vehicles systems, wireless terminals in self-driving (self driving) Terminals, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities such as smart refuelers, terminal equipment on high-speed rail and smart homes ), such as smart speakers, smart coffee machines, smart printers, etc.
  • PCS personal communication service
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • wireless network camera mobile phone
  • tablet computer notebook computer
  • handheld computer mobile Internet device
  • mobile Internet device mobile internet device
  • MID mobile Internet device
  • the communication device used to realize the function of the terminal device may be a terminal device, a terminal device with partial functions of the terminal, or a device that can support the terminal device to realize the function, such as a chip system, and the device may be Installed in terminal equipment or used in conjunction with terminal equipment.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the communication device used to realize the function of the terminal device is a terminal device or a UE as an example for description.
  • the protocol layer structure may include a control plane protocol layer structure and a user plane protocol layer structure.
  • the control plane protocol layer structure may include a radio resource control (RRC) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a media layer.
  • Functions of protocol layers such as media access control (MAC) layer and physical layer (phy, PHY).
  • the user plane protocol layer structure can include the functions of the PDCP layer, RLC layer, MAC layer and physical layer.
  • the PDCP layer can also include service data adaptation protocol (service data adaptation protocol). protocol, SDAP) layer.
  • the protocol layer structure between the access network device and the terminal may also include an artificial intelligence (artificial intelligence, AI) layer for transmitting data related to the AI function.
  • AI artificial intelligence
  • the SDAP layer such as the SDAP layer, PDCP layer, RLC layer, MAC layer, and physical layer.
  • the SDAP layer, PDCP layer, RLC layer, MAC layer and physical layer can also be collectively referred to as the access layer.
  • the transmission direction of data it is divided into sending or receiving, and each layer mentioned above is divided into sending part and receiving part.
  • the PDCP layer obtains data from the upper layer, it transmits the data to the RLC layer and MAC layer, and then the MAC layer generates a transmission block, and then wirelessly transmits it through the physical layer.
  • Data is encapsulated accordingly in each layer.
  • the data received by a certain layer from the upper layer of the layer is regarded as the service data unit (SDU) of the layer.
  • SDU service data unit
  • PDU protocol data unit
  • the terminal device may also have an application layer and a non-access layer.
  • the application layer can be used to provide services to applications installed in the terminal device.
  • the downlink data received by the terminal device can be sequentially transmitted from the physical layer to the application layer, and then provided to the application program by the application layer; for another example, The application layer can obtain the data generated by the application program and transmit the data to the physical layer in turn and send it to other communication devices.
  • the non-access layer can be used to forward user data, such as forwarding uplink data received from the application layer to the SDAP layer or forwarding downlink data received from the SDAP layer to the application layer.
  • access network equipment includes a centralized unit (central unit, CU) and a distributed unit (distributed unit, DU).
  • CU central unit
  • DU distributed unit
  • CU and DU can be divided according to the protocol layer of the wireless network: for example, the functions of the PDCP layer and above are set in the CU, and the functions of the protocol layers below the PDCP layer (such as the RLC layer, MAC layer and PHY layer, etc.) are set in the DU .
  • the functions of the protocol layers above the PDCP layer are set in the CU, and the functions of the PDCP layer and the protocol layers below are set in the DU.
  • the CU and DU can also be divided in other ways.
  • the CU or DU can be divided into functions with more protocol layers.
  • the CU or DU can also be divided into partial processing functions with a protocol layer.
  • part of the functions of the RLC layer and the functions of the protocol layer above the RLC layer are set in the CU, and the remaining functions of the RLC layer and the functions of the protocol layer below the RLC layer are set in the DU.
  • the functions of CU or DU can also be divided according to business types or other system requirements, for example, according to delay, and the functions whose processing time needs to meet the delay requirements are set in DU, but do not need to meet the delay.
  • the required functionality is set in CU.
  • the CU may also have one or more functions of the core network.
  • the CU can be set on the network side to facilitate centralized management.
  • DU can have multiple radio frequency functions, and the radio frequency functions can also be set remotely.
  • FIG. 2B shows that the functions of the PDCP layer, RRC layer and SDAP are arranged in the CU, and the functions of the RLC layer, MAC layer and PHY layer are arranged in the DU.
  • FIG. 2B illustrates that the functions of CU can be further divided, and the control panel (CP) and the user panel (UP) are separated and implemented through different entities, namely the control plane CU entity (i.e. CU- CP entity) and user plane CU entity (i.e. CU-UP entity).
  • the CU-CP entity and the CU-UP entity can be coupled with the DU to jointly complete the functions of the access network equipment.
  • the PDCP layer when the PDCP layer is set in the CU, it can be divided into PDCP-C and PDCP-U.
  • CU-CP is responsible for the control plane function.
  • CU-CP mainly includes RRC and PDCP-C.
  • PDCP-C is mainly responsible for encryption and decryption of control plane data, integrity protection, data transmission, etc.
  • CU-UP is responsible for user plane functions.
  • Figure 2B shows that CU-UP mainly includes SDAP and PDCP-U.
  • SDAP is mainly responsible for processing core network data and mapping data flows to bearers.
  • PDCP-U is mainly responsible for data plane encryption and decryption, integrity protection, header compression, serial number maintenance, data transmission, etc.
  • CU-CP and CU-UP are connected through the E1 interface.
  • CU-CP represents access network equipment connected to the core network through the Ng interface
  • CU-CP is connected through control plane interfaces such as F1-C and DU.
  • CU-UP is connected through user plane interfaces such as F1-U and DU.
  • the signaling generated by the CU can be sent to the terminal device through DU, or the signaling generated by the terminal device can be sent to the CU through DU.
  • RRC or PDCP layer signaling will eventually be processed into physical layer signaling and sent to the terminal device, or it will be converted from the received physical layer signaling.
  • the RRC or PDCP layer signaling can be considered to be sent through DU.
  • any one of the above DU, CU, CU-CP and CU-UP can be a software module, a hardware structure, or a software module + hardware structure, without limitation.
  • the existence forms of different entities can be different and are not limited.
  • These modules and the methods for their execution are also within the scope of the present disclosure.
  • the number and type of each device in the communication system shown in Figure 1 are only for illustration, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • the communication system may also include more terminal devices and more access networks.
  • the equipment may also include other network elements, such as core network equipment, and/or network elements used to implement artificial intelligence functions.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device has no data transmission, the terminal device will enter the idle (IDLE) state or the deactivated (INACTIVE) state. In these two states, the connection between the terminal device and the access network device is disconnected. If the network side needs to send a signal to the terminal device, it must first find the terminal device through a paging message and then establish a connection with the terminal device. Thereby the signal is transmitted. When the terminal device is in the idle state or deactivated state, it needs to wake up at a specific location in a specific period, listen to the paging of itself from the network side, and sleep at other times. To achieve the purpose of power saving.
  • the core network when the terminal device is in the idle state, the core network will perform paging for all cells in the TA registered by the terminal device in the core network; or, when the terminal device is in the deactivated state, the access network device needs to be in the deactivated state. All cells within the configured RNA are paged. It can be understood that the access network device refers to the access network device to which the last serving cell (last serving cell) accessed when the terminal device is in the connected state. This access network device can also be called the last serving cell. Base station (last serving gNB), or anchor base station.
  • TA refers to the concept set up for location management of terminal equipment in communication systems (such as LTE or NR).
  • the core network configures a UE registration area (UE) for the terminal equipment. registration area), the UE registration area contains a tracking area identity (TAI) list.
  • the TAI list is used to mark the TA registered by the terminal device in the core network.
  • TA is not fixed.
  • the terminal device moves to a cell in a TA that does not belong to the TAI list identification, the terminal device will actively access the network, perform NAS registration update (NAS registration update), and the core network will record the terminal device.
  • the location at this time is updated and the UE registration area corresponding to the terminal device is updated, that is, the TAI list containing the TA of the cell where the terminal device is currently located is re-indicated to the terminal device.
  • RNA is a paging range set smaller than the TA range for deactivated terminal equipment to save the transmission overhead of paging messages.
  • TA can contain multiple RNAs, and one RNA can contain multiple cells.
  • the RNA corresponding to the terminal device can be configured and managed by the access network device, and the access network device can page the terminal device based on the RNA corresponding to the terminal device.
  • RNA is not fixed.
  • the terminal device can initiate an RNA update process when moving to a cell that does not belong to the RNA; or the terminal device can also initiate an RNA update process periodically.
  • the core network When the terminal device is in idle state, the core network will send paging messages to the access network devices under all TAs identified by the TAI list corresponding to the terminal device.
  • the paging message carries the identifier of the terminal device, such as the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (International Mobile Subscriber Identity). international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) or S-temporary mobile subscriber identity (S-TMSI).
  • IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity
  • S-TMSI S-temporary mobile subscriber identity
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the terminal device that monitors the paging message determines that the paging message carries the identity of the terminal device, it initiates an RRC establishment request to connect to the corresponding access network device; if the terminal device that monitors the paging message determines that the paging message carries the identity of the terminal device, If the paging message does not carry the identification of the terminal device, the paging message will be ignored.
  • the access network device can perform RAN paging on the deactivated UE based on RNA. That is, the access network device can send paging messages to all cells in the RNA where the terminal device is currently located.
  • the message carries the I-radio network temporary identifier (I-RNTI) of the terminal device. If the current RNA area of the terminal device includes cells managed by other base stations other than the anchor base station, the anchor base station will send the paging message to the other base stations through the Xn interface. After the terminal device monitors the paging message, it will check whether the paging message contains its own I-RNTI.
  • I-RNTI I-radio network temporary identifier
  • the terminal device determines that the paging message contains its own I-RNTI, it initiates an RRC recovery request to connect to the corresponding access network device; if the terminal device that monitors the paging message determines that the paging message does not contain the terminal device , the paging message is ignored.
  • Terminal equipment in the idle state or deactivated state can use discontinuous reception (DRX) mode to monitor paging messages to reduce power consumption.
  • the terminal equipment in the idle state monitors the paging information initiated by the core network in the paging control channel (PCCH), and the terminal equipment in the deactivated state monitors the paging information initiated by the access network equipment in the PCCH.
  • the paging timings of the access network equipment and the core network can overlap, and the access network equipment and the core network can to use the same paging mechanism.
  • a terminal device monitors paging messages at a fixed time domain location belonging to the terminal device in each DRX cycle. Specifically, the fixed time domain position of the terminal device is related to the identification of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device in the idle state can calculate the fixed time domain position according to its own S-TMSI and according to the formula agreed in the protocol.
  • the terminal device in the deactivated state can calculate the fixed time domain position according to its own I-RNTI and the formula agreed in the protocol.
  • PO is a set of PDCCH blind detection opportunities for monitoring paging messages.
  • a PO includes S time slots, and the value of S is the number of beams corresponding to the SSB of the access network device. It can also be described as a PO containing S SSB beams.
  • the terminal equipment monitors paging messages based on the SSB beam scanning mechanism, that is, the terminal equipment monitors paging messages in one beam direction on a time slot in a PO.
  • PF is a radio frame that contains paging messages, including the starting position of PO.
  • a PF contains one or more POs. However, when a PO contains a large number of SSB beams, a PO that may be included in a PF If there is less than one, the other POs may be included in subsequent PFs.
  • Figure 4 shows that a PF includes Ns POs.
  • a DRX cycle (denoted as T) includes N PFs, and each two PFs in the N PFs includes an offset PF_offset.
  • the paging range in the related art involves multiple cells, and the terminal equipment needs to scan all beams of the cell.
  • Such a paging method takes a long time and is inefficient.
  • the present disclosure provides a paging method and a communication device, in order to predict the location of the terminal device, determine the target cell for paging, narrow the paging range, and improve paging efficiency.
  • the location of the terminal device can be predicted based on artificial intelligence (AI).
  • AI can be implemented through various possible technologies, such as through machine learning technology.
  • the aforementioned communication system may also include network elements that implement artificial intelligence functions.
  • AI functions (such as AI modules or AI entities) can be configured in existing network elements in the communication system to implement AI-related operations.
  • AI-related operations can also be called AI functions.
  • the existing network element may be access network equipment (such as gNB), terminal equipment, equipment in the core network (or network element), or network management, etc.
  • the network management can divide the network management work into three categories according to the actual needs of the operator's network operation: Operation, Management, and Maintenance.
  • Network management can also be called operation administration and maintenance (OAM) network element, referred to as OAM.
  • OAM operation administration and maintenance
  • Operations mainly complete the analysis, prediction, planning and configuration of daily networks and services; maintenance mainly involves daily operational activities such as testing and fault management of the network and its services.
  • the network manager can detect the network operating status and optimize network connections and performance. , improve network operation stability and reduce network maintenance costs.
  • independent network elements can also be introduced into the communication system to perform AI-related operations.
  • the independent network element may be called an AI network element or an AI node, and this disclosure does not limit this name.
  • AI network elements can be directly connected to access network equipment in the communication system, or indirectly connected through third-party network elements and access network equipment.
  • the third-party network element can be an authentication management function (AMF) network element, a user plane function (UPF) network element and other core network elements, OAM, cloud server or other network elements.
  • AMF authentication management function
  • UPF user plane function
  • the network element that performs AI-related operations is a network element with built-in AI function, or the above-mentioned AI network element, which is not limited by this disclosure.
  • the following description of this disclosure takes the AI function built into an existing network element as an example.
  • the AI model is the specific implementation of the AI function.
  • the AI model represents the mapping relationship between the input and output of the model.
  • AI models can be neural networks, linear regression models, decision tree models, support vector machines (SVM), Bayesian networks, Q learning models or other machine learning models.
  • AI functions may include at least one of the following: data collection (collecting training data and/or inference data), data preprocessing, model training (or model learning), model information release (configuring model information), model Verification, model inference, or inference result release. Among them, inference can also be called prediction.
  • the AI model may be referred to as a model for short.
  • Neural network is a specific implementation form of AI or machine learning technology. According to the universal approximation theorem, neural networks can theoretically approximate any continuous function, which enables neural networks to have the ability to learn arbitrary mappings.
  • each neuron performs a weighted sum operation on its input values and outputs the operation result through an activation function.
  • the bias for weighted summation of input values according to the weight is, for example, b. There are many forms of activation functions.
  • b, wi , xi can be decimals, integers (such as 0, positive integers or negative integers), or complex numbers and other possible values.
  • the activation functions of different neurons in a neural network can be the same or different.
  • Neural networks generally include multiple layers, and each layer may include one or more neurons. By increasing the depth and/or width of a neural network, the expressive ability of the neural network can be improved, providing more powerful information extraction and abstract modeling capabilities for complex systems.
  • the depth of the neural network may refer to the number of layers included in the neural network, and the number of neurons included in each layer may be called the width of the layer.
  • the neural network includes an input layer and an output layer. The input layer of the neural network processes the received input information through neurons, and passes the processing results to the output layer, which obtains the output results of the neural network.
  • the neural network includes an input layer, a hidden layer and an output layer, as shown in Figure 5B.
  • the input layer of the neural network processes the received input information through neurons and passes the processing results to the intermediate hidden layer.
  • the hidden layer calculates the received processing results and obtains the calculation results.
  • the hidden layer passes the calculation results to the output layer or
  • the adjacent hidden layer finally obtains the output result of the neural network from the output layer.
  • a neural network may include one hidden layer, or multiple hidden layers connected in sequence, without limitation.
  • DNN deep neural network
  • FNN feedforward neural networks
  • CNN convolutional neural networks
  • RNN recurrent neural networks
  • the training data can include inputs to the AI model, or include inputs and target outputs (labels) of the AI model for training the AI model.
  • the training data includes multiple training samples, and each training sample is an input to the neural network.
  • Training data can also be understood as a collection of training samples, or a training data set.
  • the training data set is machine learning One of the important parts of learning, model training is essentially to learn some of its features from the training data, so that the output of the AI model is as close as possible to the target output, such as the difference between the output of the AI model and the target output is as small as possible .
  • the target output can also be called a label.
  • the composition and selection of training data sets can, to a certain extent, determine the performance of the trained AI model.
  • a loss function can be defined during the training process of AI models (such as neural networks).
  • the loss function describes the gap or difference between the output value of the AI model and the target output value. This disclosure does not limit the specific form of the loss function.
  • the training process of the AI model is the process of adjusting the parameters of the AI model so that the value of the loss function is less than the threshold, or the value of the loss function meets the target requirements.
  • the AI model is a neural network, and adjusting the parameters of the neural network includes adjusting at least one of the following parameters: the number of layers and width of the neural network, the weight of the neuron, or the parameters in the activation function of the neuron.
  • Inference data can be used as input to the trained AI model for inference of the AI model.
  • the inference data is input into the AI model, and the corresponding output can be obtained, which is the inference result.
  • the design of AI models mainly includes data collection links (such as collecting training data and/or inference data), model training links, and model inference links. It may further include an application link of the reasoning results.
  • data collection links such as collecting training data and/or inference data
  • model training links such as collecting training data and/or inference data
  • model inference links it may further include an application link of the reasoning results.
  • FIG 5C to illustrate an AI application framework.
  • data sources are used to provide training data and inference data.
  • the AI model is obtained by analyzing or training the training data (training data) provided by the data source.
  • the AI model represents the mapping relationship between the input and output of the model. Learning an AI model through model training nodes is equivalent to using training data to learn the mapping relationship between the input and output of the model.
  • the AI model trained through the model training link is used to perform inference based on the inference data provided by the data source to obtain the inference results.
  • This link can also be understood as: input the inference data into the AI model, obtain the output through the AI model, and the output is the inference result.
  • the inference result may indicate: configuration parameters used (executed) by the execution object, and/or operations performed by the execution object.
  • the inference results are released in the inference result application link.
  • the inference results can be planned uniformly by the execution (actor) entity.
  • the execution entity can send the inference results to one or more execution objects (for example, core network equipment, access network equipment). , or terminal equipment, etc.) to execute.
  • the execution entity can also feed back the performance of the model to the data source to facilitate the subsequent update and training of the model.
  • FIG. 6 a schematic flow chart of a paging method is shown. The method includes the following processes.
  • the first access network device sends first information to the core network element, where the first information is used to indicate the movement trajectory of the terminal device.
  • the first access network device refers to the access network device that provided services for the terminal device before the first moment.
  • the first access network device is the access network device that last provided services to the terminal before the first moment, that is, the anchor base station; or it can also be described as, the first access network device refers to the terminal device before the first moment.
  • the first moment is the moment when the terminal device changes from a connected state to a non-connected state or a deactivated state, or can also be understood as the moment when the terminal device is disconnected from the first access network device.
  • the motion trajectory of the terminal device includes N1 historical positions of the terminal device before the first moment and/or N2 predicted positions of the terminal device after the first moment, where N1 and N2 are positive integers.
  • the location of the terminal device described in this disclosure can be reflected using geographical location information, such as where the terminal device is located.
  • Geographical location information such as latitude, longitude, and altitude.
  • the first access network device may carry the first information in the context release message of the terminal device, and send the context release message of the terminal device to the core network element.
  • the core network element may be an AMF network element or other network elements.
  • the first access network device needs to determine the first information before sending the first information.
  • Two optional implementation manners for the first access network device to determine the first information are described below.
  • the first access network device may obtain the historical movement trajectory of the terminal device before disconnecting from the terminal device, such as the N1 historical positions of the terminal device before the first moment. It can be understood that when the terminal device reports the N1 historical positions corresponding to the historical movement trajectories, it can indicate the time corresponding to each historical position.
  • the first access network device may determine the first information based on the acquired historical movement trajectory of the terminal device. For example, the first access network device may indicate the historical movement trajectory of the terminal device through the first information. For another example, the first access network device can predict the future motion trajectory of the terminal device based on the historical motion trajectory of the terminal device, such as determining the N2 predicted positions of the terminal device after the first moment; then the first access network device The first information may be used to indicate the historical movement trajectory and future movement trajectory of the terminal device. For another example, when the first access network device predicts the future motion trajectory of the terminal device, the first information may only be used to indicate the future motion trajectory of the terminal device.
  • the first access network device may determine the N2 predicted positions of the terminal device after the first moment based on the N1 historical positions of the terminal device before the first moment and the AI model used to predict the position of the terminal device.
  • the AI model used to predict the terminal location will be referred to as the prediction model for short.
  • the terminal device itself has prediction capabilities.
  • a prediction model can be used to deduce (predict) the future motion trajectory of the terminal device based on the historical motion trajectory of the terminal device.
  • the first access network device may obtain the movement trajectory of the terminal device before disconnecting from the terminal device.
  • the movement trajectory includes the historical movement trajectory of the terminal device and the future movement trajectory predicted by the terminal device itself. It can be understood that when the terminal device reports the N1 historical positions corresponding to the historical motion trajectories and the N2 predicted positions corresponding to the future motion trajectories, the terminal device can indicate the time corresponding to each position.
  • the first access network device may determine the first information based on the acquired motion trajectory of the terminal device. For example, the first access network device may determine the movement trajectory of the terminal device obtained from the first information indication. For another example, the first access network device may also indicate the future movement trajectory predicted by the terminal device itself only through the first information. For another example, the first access network device can also predict the future motion trajectory of the terminal device based on the historical motion trajectory of the terminal device. Furthermore, the first information is used to indicate the historical movement trajectory of the terminal equipment and the future movement trajectory of the terminal equipment predicted by the first access network equipment. Of course, the first access network device may also indicate the historical movement trajectory of the terminal device only through the first information. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • the core network element determines the predicted location of the terminal device at the second moment based on the first information.
  • the core network element may The N1 historical positions of the terminal device before the first time are used to determine the predicted position of the terminal device at the second time.
  • the core network element can use a prediction model to derive (predict) the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment based on the N1 historical positions of the terminal device.
  • the core network element may The predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment is determined among the N2 predicted positions.
  • S603 The core network element sends a paging message to the second access network device at the second moment.
  • the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment is located in the target cell
  • the second access network device refers to the access network device to which the target cell belongs.
  • the target cell can also be described as a paging cell, which refers to the cell range for paging the terminal device.
  • the first access network device and the second access network device are the same access network. equipment; if the last serving cell of the terminal equipment before the first moment and the access network equipment to which the target cell belongs are different, then the first access network equipment and the second access network equipment are different access network equipment.
  • the paging message includes information indicating the target cell.
  • the core network element can determine the SSB beam distribution of the target cell, then the core network element can also determine the coverage of the target beam of the terminal device in the target cell at the second moment based on the first information.
  • the network element may also add information indicating the target beam in the paging message.
  • the core network element can also send the second information to the second access network device while sending the paging message, and the second information is used to indicate The future predicted position of the terminal device, such as the N2 predicted positions of the terminal device after the first moment. In this way, the second access network device can determine, based on the second information, which beam of the target cell the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment belongs to, and then determine the beam as the target beam.
  • S604 The second access network device paging the terminal device in the target cell according to the paging message.
  • the second access network device may specifically initiate paging to the terminal device within the coverage of the target beam of the target cell, such as Forward the paging message sent by the core network element to all terminal devices within the coverage of the target beam; alternatively, the core network element can also generate signaling that can interact with the terminal device based on the paging message sent by the core network element. , the signaling is sent to all terminal devices within the coverage of the target beam.
  • the second access network device needs to initiate paging to the terminal device within the coverage of all beams of the target cell, such as Forward the paging message sent by the core network element to all terminal devices in the target cell; alternatively, the core network element can also generate signaling that can interact with the terminal device based on the paging message sent by the core network element, and forward the paging message to the terminal device. The signaling is sent to all terminal devices in the target cell.
  • the second access network device may determine the aforementioned target beam based on the N2 predicted positions indicated by the second information.
  • the second access network device may specifically initiate paging to the terminal device within the coverage of the target beam of the target cell, such as forwarding the paging message sent by the core network element to all terminal devices within the coverage of the target beam;
  • the core network element can also generate signaling that can interact with the terminal device based on the paging message sent by the core network element, and deliver the signaling to all terminal devices within the coverage of the target beam.
  • the second access network device sends the first paging response message to the core network element.
  • the first paging response message is used to indicate the paging result of paging the terminal device in the target cell. In a possible situation, the first paging response message is used to indicate that paging to the terminal device is successful. In another possible situation, the first paging response message is used to indicate that paging to the terminal device fails.
  • the second access network device may use the beam that the terminal device actually accesses in the target cell, when paging is successful, and when paging is successful. actual position before success, etc. Notify the core network element.
  • the second access network device may include the actual location information of the terminal device in the first paging response message.
  • the actual location information in the first paging response message may also be described as third information.
  • the third information is used to Indicates one or more of the following: the beam that the terminal device accesses in the target cell; the location information of the terminal device when paging is successful; the location information of the terminal device before paging is successful.
  • the third information or the content indicated by the third information can be used to update the prediction model described in S601 or S602. This design can improve the prediction accuracy.
  • the updated prediction model can be used to predict the location of the terminal device after successful paging.
  • the third information is used to predict the location of the terminal device after successful paging.
  • S608 to S609 may be continued after S605; when the first paging response message indicates that paging to the terminal device fails, it is necessary to After S605, S606 to S609 are continued to be executed.
  • S606 to S709 are illustrated with dotted lines in Figure 6 .
  • S606 The core network element paging the terminal device in the cell in the TA where the terminal device is currently located, in addition to the target cell.
  • this step may be performed with reference to the paging process triggered by the core network when the terminal device is in a deactivated state in related technologies. This disclosure will not go into details.
  • the terminal device is paging successfully in a cell in the TA where the terminal device is currently located, and the access network device to which the cell belongs is recorded as the third access network device.
  • the third access network device can feed back relevant information of successful paging to the core network element. Specifically, it can be understood according to the description in S607.
  • the third access network device sends a second paging response message to the core network element.
  • the second paging response message is used to indicate that paging of the terminal device in the cell managed by the third access network device is successful.
  • the third access network device may notify the core network element of the cell actually accessed by the terminal device, the beam actually accessed in the cell, the actual location when paging is successful and before paging is successful, etc.
  • the third access network device may include the actual location information of the terminal device in the second paging response message.
  • the actual location information of the terminal device in the second paging response message may also be described as fourth information.
  • the fourth information It can be used to indicate one or more of the following: the cell to which the terminal equipment accesses; the beam to which the terminal equipment accesses in its access cell; the location information of the terminal equipment when paging is successful; The location information of the terminal device before paging is successful.
  • the fourth information or the content indicated by the fourth information can be used to update the prediction model described in S601 or S602. Through such a design, the prediction accuracy can be improved.
  • the updated prediction model can be used to predict the location of the terminal device after successful paging. In this implementation, it can be understood that the fourth information is used to predict the location of the terminal device after successful paging.
  • S608 The core network element feeds back to the first access network device the successful paging of the terminal device and the actual location information of the terminal device. Among them, if S605 is executed, the actual location information fed back by the core network element refers to the actual location information included in the first paging response message described in S605, or the third information; or if S607 is executed, the core network element The actual location information fed back is the actual location information included in the second paging response message described in S607, or the fourth information.
  • the first access network device updates the prediction model based on the actual location information of the terminal device.
  • the first access network device uses the prediction model to derive the N2 predicted positions of the terminal device after the first moment
  • the An access network device can perform reinforcement learning on the prediction model used by it according to the content indicated by the third information, so as to update the prediction model.
  • the first access network device can perform reinforcement learning on the prediction model used by it according to the content indicated by the fourth information, so as to update the prediction model.
  • the first access network device predicts the location of the terminal device after successful paging based on the actual location information (third information or fourth information) of the terminal device. That is, the first access network device first updates the prediction model based on the actual location information of the terminal device, and then uses the updated prediction model to predict the location of the terminal device after successful paging.
  • the core network element in S602 uses the prediction model, the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment is derived (predicted) based on the N1 historical positions of the terminal device. Then the core network element can also update the prediction model based on the actual location information (third information or fourth information) of the terminal device. Optionally, the core network element can also use the updated prediction model to predict the location of the terminal device after successful paging.
  • the first solution provided by the present disclosure introduces historical trajectory information and predicted trajectory information of terminal equipment to assist the core network in screening out target cells (or paging cells) for terminal equipment paging more accurately, which can reduce paging-related signaling. Overhead and delay, improving paging efficiency and accuracy. And updating the prediction model based on the actual location information of the successfully paging terminal device can improve the accuracy of trajectory prediction of the terminal device.
  • the above solution 1 can be used in the scenario of paging a terminal device in an idle state.
  • FIG. 7 a schematic flow chart of a paging method is shown. The method includes the following processes.
  • the terminal device sends first information to the first access network device, where the first information is used to indicate the movement trajectory of the terminal device.
  • the first access network device refers to the access network device that last provided services to the terminal device before the first moment, or it can also be described that the first access network device refers to the terminal device before the first moment.
  • the first moment is the moment when the terminal device changes from a connected state to a non-connected state or a deactivated state, or can also be understood as the moment when the terminal device is disconnected from the first access network device.
  • the motion trajectory of the terminal device includes N1 historical positions of the terminal device before the first moment and/or N2 predicted positions of the terminal device after the first moment, where N1 and N2 are positive integers.
  • the location of the terminal device described in this disclosure can be represented by geographical location information, such as the longitude, latitude, altitude and other geographical location information where the terminal device is located.
  • the terminal device needs to determine the first information before sending the first information.
  • Two optional implementation ways for the terminal device to determine the first information will be described below.
  • the terminal device can report its historical movement trajectory to the first access network device before disconnecting from the first access network device.
  • the first information sent by the terminal device Used to indicate the N1 historical positions of the terminal device before the first moment.
  • the terminal device itself has prediction capabilities.
  • a prediction model can be used to deduce (predict) the future motion trajectory of the terminal device based on the historical motion trajectory of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device may report its historical movement trajectory and future movement trajectory to the first access network equipment before disconnecting from the first access network equipment.
  • the first information sent by the terminal device is used to indicate the N1 historical positions of the terminal device before the first moment and the N2 predicted positions of the terminal device after the first moment.
  • the terminal device may report its future movement trajectory to the first access network device before disconnecting from the first access network device.
  • the first information sent by the terminal device is used to indicate that the terminal device is at the first moment. The next N2 predicted positions.
  • the terminal device may indicate the time corresponding to each position.
  • the first access network device determines the predicted location of the terminal device at the second time based on the first information.
  • the first access network device may The predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment is determined based on the N1 historical positions of the terminal device before the first moment.
  • the first access network device may use a prediction model to derive (predict) the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment based on the N1 historical positions of the terminal device.
  • the first access network device when the first information indicates that the movement trajectory of the terminal device includes a future movement trajectory, such as the N2 predicted positions of the terminal device after the first moment, the first access network device The predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment may be determined among the N2 predicted positions.
  • the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment is located in the target cell.
  • the target cell is not a cell managed by the first access network device; in another possible case, the target cell The cell is a cell managed by the first access network device.
  • the target cell is not a cell managed by the first access network device as an example to explain the subsequent steps.
  • the access network device to which the target cell belongs is referred to as the second access network device for description below.
  • the first access network device sends a paging message to the second access network device at the second time.
  • the paging message includes information indicating the target cell.
  • the first access network device can determine the SSB beam distribution of the target cell, then the first access network device can also determine the target beam distribution of the terminal device in the target cell at the second time based on the first information. Coverage range, the first access network device may also add information indicating the target beam in the paging message.
  • the first access network device may also send the second information to the second access network device while sending the paging message.
  • the information is used to indicate the future predicted position of the terminal device, such as the N2 predicted positions of the terminal device after the first moment. In this way, the second access network device can determine, based on the second information, which beam of the target cell the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment belongs to, and then determine the beam as the target beam.
  • S704 The second access network device paging the terminal device in the target cell according to the paging message.
  • the second access network device sends the first paging response message to the first access network device.
  • the first paging response message is used to indicate the paging result of paging the terminal device in the target cell. In a possible situation, the first paging response message is used to indicate that paging to the terminal device is successful. In another possible situation, the first paging response message is used to indicate that paging to the terminal device fails.
  • the second access network device may use the beam that the terminal device actually accesses in the target cell, when paging is successful, and when paging is successful.
  • the actual location before success is notified to the first access network device.
  • the second access network device may include the actual location information of the terminal device in the first paging response message.
  • the actual location information of the terminal device in the first paging response message may also be described as third information.
  • the third information is expressed by Indicates one or more of the following: the beam that the terminal equipment accesses in the target cell; the location information of the terminal equipment when paging is successful; the location information of the terminal equipment before paging is successful. .
  • the third information or the content indicated by the third information can be used to predict the prediction model described in S701 or S702. type is updated. Improve prediction accuracy through such a design.
  • the updated prediction model can be used to predict the location of the terminal device after successful paging.
  • the third information is used to predict the location of the terminal device after successful paging.
  • S708 may be continued after S705; when the first paging response message indicates that paging to the terminal device fails, S705 needs to be performed. Then continue to execute S706 ⁇ S708. As optional steps, S706 to S708 are illustrated with dotted lines in Figure 7 .
  • S706 The first access network device paging the terminal device in a cell in the TA where the terminal device is currently located, in addition to the target cell.
  • this step can be performed with reference to the paging process triggered by the access network device (anchor base station) when the terminal device is in a deactivated state in related technologies.
  • the paging range performed by the first access network device can be specifically in the TA. Configure RNA to include cells. This disclosure will not go into details.
  • the terminal device is paging successfully in a cell in the TA where the terminal device is currently located, and the access network device to which the cell belongs is recorded as the third access network device.
  • the third access network device can feed back relevant information of successful paging to the core network element. Specifically, it can be understood according to the description in S607.
  • the third access network device sends a second paging response message to the first access network device.
  • the second paging response message is used to indicate paging of the terminal device in the cell managed by the third access network device. success.
  • the third access network device may notify the first access network of the cell actually accessed by the terminal device, the beam actually accessed in the cell, the actual location when paging is successful and before paging is successful, etc. equipment.
  • the third access network device may include the actual location information of the terminal device in the second paging response message.
  • the actual location information of the terminal device in the second paging response message may also be described as fourth information.
  • the fourth information may Used to indicate one or more of the following: the cell that the terminal device accesses; the beam that the terminal device accesses in its access cell; the location information of the terminal device when paging is successful; the The location information of the terminal device before paging is successful.
  • the content indicated by the fourth information can be used to update the prediction model described in S701 or S702. Improve prediction accuracy through such a design.
  • the updated prediction model can be used to predict the location of the terminal device after successful paging.
  • the fourth information is used to predict the location of the terminal device after successful paging.
  • the first access network device updates the prediction model based on the actual location information of the terminal device.
  • the An access network device can perform reinforcement learning on the prediction model used by it according to the content indicated by the third information, so as to update the prediction model.
  • the first access network device may, based on the content indicated by the fourth information, Perform reinforcement learning on the prediction model used to update the prediction model.
  • the first access network device predicts the location of the terminal device after successful paging based on the actual location information (third information or fourth information) of the terminal device. That is, the first access network device first updates the prediction model based on the actual location information of the terminal device, and then uses the updated prediction model to predict the location of the terminal device after successful paging.
  • the second solution provided by the present disclosure introduces historical trajectory information and predicted trajectory information of terminal equipment to assist the access network equipment in screening out target cells (or paging cells) for terminal equipment paging more accurately, which can reduce paging Relevant signaling overhead and delay improve paging efficiency and accuracy. And based on the terminal device with successful paging The actual location information updates the prediction model, which can improve the accuracy of trajectory prediction of the terminal device.
  • the above solution 2 can be used in the scenario of paging a terminal device in a deactivated state.
  • FIG. 8 a schematic flow chart of a paging method is shown. The method includes the following processes.
  • the terminal device sends first information to the first access network device, where the first information is used to indicate the movement trajectory of the terminal device.
  • the first access network device determines the predicted location of the terminal device at the second time based on the first information.
  • the predicted position of the terminal device at the second moment is located in the target cell.
  • the target cell is not a cell managed by the first access network device; in another possible case, the target cell The cell is a cell managed by the first access network device.
  • the target cell is a cell managed by the first access network device as an example to describe the subsequent steps.
  • S803 The first access network device paging the terminal device in the target cell according to the first information.
  • the first access network device can also determine the target beam coverage of the terminal device in the target cell at the second time based on the first information.
  • the first access network device may specifically page the terminal device within the coverage range of the target beam of the target cell.
  • the first access network device determines the paging result of paging the terminal device in the target cell.
  • the first access network device can communicate with the terminal device to obtain the actual access of the terminal device in the target cell. information such as the incoming beam, the actual position when paging is successful and before paging is successful. In this case, when the first access network device determines that the paging of the terminal device in the target cell is successful, the first access network device may perform the following steps S805 to S806.
  • the first access network device may perform the following steps S807 to S809.
  • the first access network device may obtain third information from the terminal device.
  • the third information refers to the actual location information of the terminal device.
  • the third information may specifically indicate one or more of the following: the terminal device The beam accessed in the target cell; the location information of the terminal device when paging is successful; the location information of the terminal device before paging is successful.
  • the third information or the content indicated by the third information can be used to update the prediction model described in S801 or S802.
  • the prediction accuracy can be improved.
  • the updated prediction model can be used to predict the location of the terminal device after successful paging.
  • the third information is used to predict the location of the terminal device after successful paging.
  • the first access device may also execute the following step S806.
  • the first access network device updates the prediction model according to the third information.
  • the first access network device can perform reinforcement learning on the prediction model used by it according to the content indicated by the third information, so as to update the prediction model.
  • the first access network device predicts the location of the terminal device after successful paging based on the third information. That is, the first access network device first updates the prediction model based on the third information, and then uses the updated A prediction model is used to predict the location of the terminal device after successful paging.
  • S807 The first access network device paging the terminal device in a cell in the TA where the terminal device is currently located, in addition to the target cell.
  • this step can be performed with reference to the paging process triggered by the access network device (anchor base station) when the terminal device is in a deactivated state in related technologies.
  • the paging range performed by the first access network device can be specifically in the TA. Configure RNA to include cells. This disclosure will not go into details.
  • the terminal device is paging successfully in a cell in the TA where the terminal device is currently located, and the access network device to which the cell belongs is recorded as the third access network device.
  • the third access network device can feed back relevant information of successful paging to the core network element. Specifically, it can be understood according to the description in S607.
  • the third access network device sends a second paging response message to the first access network device.
  • the second paging response message is used to indicate paging of the terminal device in the cell managed by the third access network device. success.
  • the third access network device may notify the first access network of the cell actually accessed by the terminal device, the beam actually accessed in the cell, the actual location when paging is successful and before paging is successful, etc. equipment.
  • the third access network device may include fourth information in the second paging response message.
  • the fourth information refers to the actual location information of the terminal device.
  • the fourth information may specifically indicate one or more of the following: The cell that the terminal device accesses; the beam that the terminal device accesses in the cell it accesses; the location information of the terminal device when paging is successful; the location information of the terminal device before paging is successful.
  • the fourth information or the content indicated by the fourth information can be used to update the prediction model described in S601 or S602. Through such a design, the prediction accuracy can be improved.
  • the updated prediction model can be used to predict the location of the terminal device after successful paging.
  • the fourth information is used to predict the location of the terminal device after successful paging. As shown in Figure 8, after executing S808, the following step S809 can also be executed:
  • the first access network device updates the prediction model based on the fourth information.
  • the An access network device can perform reinforcement learning on the prediction model used by it according to the content indicated by the third information, so as to update the prediction model.
  • the first access network device may, based on the content indicated by the fourth information, Perform reinforcement learning on the prediction model used to update the prediction model.
  • the first access network device predicts the location of the terminal device after successful paging based on the fourth information. That is, the first access network device first updates the prediction model according to the fourth information, and then uses the updated prediction model to predict the location of the terminal device after the paging is successful.
  • the above-mentioned solution three provided by the present disclosure introduces historical trajectory information and predicted trajectory information of terminal equipment to assist the access network equipment in screening out the target cells (or paging cells) for terminal equipment paging more accurately, which can reduce paging Relevant signaling overhead and delay improve paging efficiency and accuracy. And updating the prediction model based on the actual location information of the successfully paging terminal device can improve the accuracy of trajectory prediction of the terminal device.
  • the above solution three can be used in the scenario of paging the terminal device in the deactivated state.
  • the present disclosure provides a communication device 900 , which includes a processing module 901 and a communication module 902 .
  • the communication device 900 may be a core network element, or may be applied to the core network.
  • the network element or the communication device used in conjunction with the core network element can implement the paging method executed on the core network element side; or the communication device 900 can be the first access network device, or can be used in the first access network.
  • the network access device or a communication device used in conjunction with the first access network device to implement the paging method performed by the first access network device; or the communication device 900 may be a second access network device, or may be The communication device is applied to the second access network equipment or used in combination with the second access network equipment, and can implement the paging method executed by the second access network equipment side.
  • the communication module may also be called a transceiver module, a transceiver, a transceiver, or a transceiver device, etc.
  • the processing module may also be called a processor, a processing board, a processing unit, or a processing device.
  • the communication module is used to perform sending operations and receiving operations on the core network element side or the first access network device side in the above method.
  • the device used to implement the receiving function in the communication module can be regarded as a receiving unit.
  • the device used to implement the sending function in the communication module is regarded as the sending unit, that is, the communication module includes a receiving unit and a sending unit.
  • the processing module 901 can be used to implement the processing functions of the core network element in the examples described in Figures 6 to 8, and the communication module 902 can be used to implement the processing functions of the core network element in the examples described in Figures 6 to 8
  • the sending and receiving functions of the core network elements described in the example can be understood with reference to the third aspect and possible designs in the third aspect of the invention.
  • the processing module 901 can be used to implement the processing functions of the first access network device in the examples described in Figures 6 to 8, and the communication module 902 can be used to implement the processing functions of the first access network device in Figures 6 to 8.
  • the communication device can be understood with reference to the third aspect and possible designs in the third aspect of the invention.
  • the processing module 901 can be used to implement the processing function of the second access network device in the examples described in Figures 6 to 8, and the communication module 902 can be used to implement the processing functions of the second access network device in Figures 6 to 8.
  • the communication device can be understood with reference to the fourth aspect of the invention and possible designs in the fourth aspect.
  • the aforementioned communication module and/or processing module can be implemented through a virtual module.
  • the processing module can be implemented through a software functional unit or a virtual device, and the communication module can be implemented through a software function or a virtual device.
  • the processing module or the communication module can also be implemented by a physical device.
  • the communication module can be an input/output circuit and/or a communication interface to perform input operations (corresponding to the aforementioned receiving operations), Output operation (corresponding to the aforementioned sending operation); the processing module is an integrated processor or microprocessor or integrated circuit.
  • each functional module in each example of this disclosure may be integrated into one processor. It can also exist physically alone, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.
  • the above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software function modules.
  • the present disclosure also provides a communication device 1000.
  • the communication device 1000 may be a chip or a chip system.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the communication device 1000 can be used to implement the functions of any network element in the communication system described in the foregoing examples.
  • the communication device 1000 may include at least one processor 1010, which is coupled to a memory.
  • the memory may be located within the device, the memory may be integrated with the processor, or the memory may be located outside the device.
  • the communication device 1000 may further include at least one memory 1020.
  • the memory 1020 stores computer programs, computer programs or instructions and/or data necessary to implement any of the above examples; the processor 1010 may execute the program stored in the memory 1020. Computer program to complete the method in any of the above examples.
  • the communication device 1000 may also include a communication interface 1030, and the communication device 1000 may interact with other devices through the communication interface 1030.
  • the communication interface 1030 may be a transceiver, a circuit, a bus, a module, a pin, or other types of communication interfaces.
  • the communication interface 1030 in the device 1000 can also be an input-output circuit, which can input information (or receive information) and output information (or send information)
  • the processor is an integrated processor, a microprocessor, an integrated circuit, or a logic circuit, and the processor can determine output information based on input information.
  • Coupling in this disclosure is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units or modules, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information interaction between devices, units or modules.
  • the processor 1010 may cooperate with the memory 1020 and the communication interface 1030. This disclosure does not limit the specific connection medium between the above-mentioned processor 1010, memory 1020 and communication interface 1030.
  • the processor 1010 , the memory 1020 and the communication interface 1030 are connected to each other through a bus 1040 .
  • the bus 1040 may be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc.
  • PCI peripheral component interconnect
  • EISA extended industry standard architecture
  • the bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of presentation, only one thick line is used in Figure 10, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • a processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field-programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component that may implement or execute the present disclosure.
  • the disclosed methods, steps and logical block diagrams are disclosed.
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the present disclosure can be directly embodied as executed by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the memory may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), etc., or it may be a volatile memory (volatile memory), such as a random access memory.
  • Get memory random-access memory, RAM.
  • Memory is, but is not limited to, any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
  • the memory in the present disclosure can also be a circuit or any other device capable of realizing a storage function, used to store program instructions and/or data.
  • the communication device 1000 can be applied to the first access network device.
  • the communication device 1000 can be the first access network device, or can support the first access network device, to achieve the above Refers to the means for functioning of the first access network device in any of the examples.
  • the memory 1020 stores computer programs (or instructions) and/or data that implement the functions of the first access network device in any of the above examples.
  • the processor 1010 can execute the computer program stored in the memory 1020 to complete the method executed by the first access network device in any of the above examples.
  • the communication interface in the communication device 1000 can be used to interact with the terminal device, send information to the terminal device or receive information from the terminal device.
  • the communication device 1000 can be applied to a core network element.
  • the specific communication device 1000 can be a core network element, or can support a core network element to implement any of the above-mentioned examples.
  • the memory 1020 stores computer programs (or instructions) and/or data that implement the functions of the core network elements in any of the above examples.
  • the processor 1010 can execute the computer program stored in the memory 1020 to complete the method executed by the core network element in any of the above examples.
  • the communication interface in the communication device 1000 can be used to interact with the first access network device or the second access network device, and provide information to the first access network device or the second access network device.
  • the network access device sends information or receives information from the first access network device or the second access network device.
  • the communication device 1000 provided in this example can be applied to the first access network device to complete the method executed by the first access network device, or can be applied to the second network access device to complete the method executed by the second access network device, Or it can be applied to core network elements to complete the execution of core network elements. Therefore, the technical effects that can be obtained can be referred to the above method examples and will not be described again here.
  • the technical solutions provided by this disclosure can be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.
  • software When implemented using software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer program instructions When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the present disclosure are produced in whole or in part.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a terminal device, an access network device, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another, e.g., the computer instructions may be transferred from a website, computer, server, or data center Transmission to another website, computer, server or data center through wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means.
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains one or more available media integrated.
  • the available media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disk, hard disk, tape), optical media (eg, digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD)), or semiconductor media, etc.
  • examples may refer to each other.
  • methods and/or terms between method embodiments may refer to each other.
  • functions and/or terms between device embodiments may refer to each other.
  • Cross-references, for example, functions and/or terms between apparatus examples and method examples may refer to each other.

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Abstract

本公开提供一种寻呼方法及通信装置，用于提升对终端设备寻呼的效率。该方法包括：获取第一信息，第一信息用于指示终端设备的运动轨迹；其中，终端设备的运动轨迹包括终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置和/或终端设备在第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置，N1和N2为正整数；第一时刻为终端设备从连接态变化为非连接态或去激活态的时刻。根据第一信息，确定终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置；其中，第二时刻晚于第一时刻。向目标小区所属的接入网设备发送寻呼消息；其中，寻呼消息中包括用于指示目标小区的信息，终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置位于目标小区。

Description

一种寻呼方法及通信装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2022年05月25日提交中华人民共和国知识产权局、申请号为202210583492.6、申请名称为“一种寻呼方法及通信装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种寻呼方法及通信装置。
背景技术
在无线通信网络中，当终端设备没有数据传输时，终端设备会进入空闲(IDLE)态或者去激活(INACTIVE)态。在这两种状态下，终端设备与接入网设备之间的连接断开，如果接入网设备需要再发送信号给终端设备，需要先通过寻呼(paging)找到终端设备，与终端设备建立连接后再进行信号的传输。
目前通常按照如下方式执行寻呼：当终端设备处于空闲态时，核心网会针对终端设备在核心网中注册的跟踪区(tracking area，TA)内的所有小区进行寻呼；或者，当终端设备处于去激活态时，接入网设备需要在配置的无线接入节点通知区域(radio access node notification area，RNA)内的所有小区进行寻呼。这样的方式导致寻呼范围较大，寻呼效率低下。
发明内容
本公开提供一种寻呼方法及通信装置，以期提升对终端设备的寻呼效率。
第一方面，本公开提供一种寻呼方法，该寻呼方法可以应用于核心网网元或者第一接入网设备；其中，该第一接入网设备指的是在终端设备进入非连接态之前，为终端设备提供服务的接入网设备。非连接态包括去激活态或者空闲态。
具体地，该寻呼方法包括：获取第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示终端设备的运动轨迹；其中，所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括所述终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置和/或所述终端设备在所述第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置，所述N1和所述N2为正整数；所述第一时刻为所述终端设备从连接态变化为非连接态或去激活态的时刻。根据所述第一信息，确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置；其中，所述第二时刻晚于所述第一时刻。在第二时刻向目标小区所属的接入网设备发送寻呼消息；其中，所述寻呼消息中包括用于指示所述目标小区的信息，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标小区。
上述设计中，引入终端设备的历史轨迹信息和预测轨迹信息，将终端设备的寻呼范围精确到目标小区，可以降低寻呼的相关信令开销和时延，提升寻呼效率以及准确率。
在一种可能的设计中，上述寻呼方法应用于核心网网元时，所述获取第一信息，包括：在所述第一时刻之前，从为所述终端设备提供服务的接入网设备中获取所述终端设备的上下文释放消息，所述上行文释放消息中包括所述第一信息。
在另一种可能的设计中，上述寻呼方法应用于核心网网元或者第一接入网设备时，所述获取第一信息，包括:在所述第一时刻之前，接收来自所述终端设备的所述第一信息。
上述提供了两种不同情况下获取第一信息的实现方式。
在一种可能的设计中，根据所述第一信息，确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置，包括：当所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括所述N1个历史位置时，根据所述终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置，确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置；或者，当所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括所述N2个预测位置时，在所述N2个预测位置中确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置。这样的设计匹配于第一信息的内容，提供了确定终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置的多种方案，使得方法的实现更为灵活。
在一种可能的设计中，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标小区中目标波束的覆盖范围，所述寻呼消息中包括用于指示所述目标波束的信息。在另一种可能的设计中，上述寻呼方法还包括：在所述第二时刻向所述目标小区所属的接入网设备发送第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示所述终端设备在所述第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置，所述第二信息用于确定所述目标小区中的目标波束，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标波束的覆盖范围。通过这样的设计，可以将对终端设备的寻呼范围进一步精确到目标小区的目标波束，从而降低寻呼相关信令开销和时延，提升寻呼效率以及准确率。
在一种可能的设计中，上述寻呼方法还包括：接收来自所述目标小区所属的接入网设备的第一寻呼响应消息，所述第一寻呼响应消息用于指示对所述终端设备的寻呼成功，所述第一寻呼响应消息中包括第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示如下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备在所述目标小区中接入的波束；所述终端设备在寻呼成功时的位置信息；所述终端设备在寻呼成功之前的位置信息。通过第三信息，能够交互终端设备的实际位置信息。
在一种可能的设计中，上述寻呼方法还包括：根据所述第三信息，对所述终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置进行预测。通过这样的设计，利用终端设备的实际位置信息进行未来位置的预测，能够提升位置预测的准确性。
第二方面，本公开提供一种寻呼方法，该寻呼方法可以应用于第二接入网设备，该第二接入网设备指的是终端设备对应的寻呼范围(目标小区)所属的接入网设备。
具体地，所述寻呼方法包括：获取寻呼消息，所述寻呼消息中包括用于指示目标小区的信息，所述目标小区是根据终端设备的运动轨迹确定的；其中，所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括所述终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置和/或所述终端设备在所述第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置，所述N1和所述N2为正整数，所述第一时刻为所述终端设备从连接态变化为非连接态或去激活态的时刻，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标小区，所述第二时刻晚于所述第一时刻；以及根据所述寻呼消息，在所述目标小区内对所述终端设备进行寻呼。
在一种可能的设计中，所述寻呼消息中包括用于指示目标波束的信息，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标波束的覆盖范围。
在一种可能的设计中，上述寻呼方法还包括：获取第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示所述终端设备在所述第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置；根据所述第二信息，确定所述目标小区中的目标波束，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标波束的覆盖范围。
在一种可能的设计中，所述在所述目标小区内进行对所述终端设备的寻呼，包括：在所述目标小区的所述目标波束的覆盖范围内进行对所述终端设备的寻呼。
在一种可能的设计中，上述寻呼方法还包括：发送寻呼响应消息，所述寻呼响应消息用于指示对所述终端设备的寻呼成功，所述寻呼响应消息中包括第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示如下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备在所述目标小区中接入的波束；所述终端设备在寻呼成功时的位置信息；所述终端设备在寻呼成功之前的位置信息。
第三方面，本公开提供一种通信装置，该通信装置可以是核心网网元，也可以是核心网网元中的装置、模块或芯片等，或者是能够和核心网网元匹配使用的装置。或者，该通信装置可以是第一接入网设备，也可以是第一接入网设备中的装置、模块或芯片等，或者是能够和第一接入网设备匹配使用的装置。一种设计中，该通信装置可以包括执行第一方面中所描述的方法/操作/步骤/动作所一一对应的模块，该模块可以是硬件电路，也可是软件，也可以是硬件电路结合软件实现。一种设计中，该通信装置可以包括处理模块和通信模块。
其中，通信模块，用于获取第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示终端设备的运动轨迹；其中，所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括所述终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置和/或所述终端设备在所述第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置，所述N1和所述N2为正整数；所述第一时刻为所述终端设备从连接态变化为非连接态或去激活态的时刻。处理模块，用于根据所述第一信息，确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置；其中，所述第二时刻晚于所述第一时刻；以及通过通信模块在第二时刻向目标小区所属的接入网设备发送寻呼消息；其中，所述寻呼消息中包括用于指示所述目标小区的信息，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标小区。
在一种可能的设计中，通信模块，具体用于：在所述第一时刻之前，从为所述终端设备提供服务的接入网设备中获取所述终端设备的上下文释放消息，所述上行文释放消息中包括所述第一信息。
在另一种可能的设计中，通信模块，具体用于：在所述第一时刻之前，接收来自所述终端设备的所述第一信息。
在一种可能的设计中，处理模块，具体用于当所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括所述N1个历史位置时，根据所述终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置，确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置；或者，当所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括所述N2个预测位置时，在所述N2个预测位置中确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置。
在一种可能的设计中，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标小区中目标波束的覆盖范围，所述寻呼消息中包括用于指示所述目标波束的信息。在另一种可能的设计中，所述处理模块，还用于通过通信模块在所述第二时刻向所述目标小区所属的接入网设备发送第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示所述终端设备在所述第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置，所述第二信息用于确定所述目标小区中的目标波束，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标波束的覆盖范围。
在一种可能的设计中，通信模块，还用于接收来自所述目标小区所属的接入网设备的第一寻呼响应消息，所述第一寻呼响应消息用于指示对所述终端设备的寻呼成功，所述第一寻呼响应消息中包括第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示如下中的一个或多个：所述终端 设备在所述目标小区中接入的波束；所述终端设备在寻呼成功时的位置信息；所述终端设备在寻呼成功之前的位置信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述处理模块，还用于根据所述第三信息，对所述终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置进行预测。
第四方面，本公开提供一种通信装置，该通信装置可以是第二接入网设备，也可以是第二接入网设备中的装置、模块或芯片等，或者是能够和第二接入网设备匹配使用的装置。一种设计中，该通信装置可以包括执行第二方面中所描述的方法/操作/步骤/动作所一一对应的模块，该模块可以是硬件电路，也可是软件，也可以是硬件电路结合软件实现。一种设计中，该通信装置可以包括处理模块和通信模块。
其中，通信模块，用于获取寻呼消息，所述寻呼消息中包括用于指示目标小区的信息，所述目标小区是根据终端设备的运动轨迹确定的；其中，所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括所述终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置和/或所述终端设备在所述第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置，所述N1和所述N2为正整数，所述第一时刻为所述终端设备从连接态变化为非连接态或去激活态的时刻，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标小区，所述第二时刻晚于所述第一时刻。处理模块，用于根据所述寻呼消息，在所述目标小区内对所述终端设备进行寻呼。
在一种可能的设计中，所述寻呼消息中包括用于指示目标波束的信息，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标波束的覆盖范围。
在一种可能的设计中，通信模块，还用于获取第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示所述终端设备在所述第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置。处理模块，还用于根据所述第二信息，确定所述目标小区中的目标波束，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标波束的覆盖范围。
在一种可能的设计中，所述处理模块，还用于在所述目标小区的所述目标波束的覆盖范围内进行对所述终端设备的寻呼。
在一种可能的设计中，所述处理模块，还用于通过通信模块发送寻呼响应消息，所述寻呼响应消息用于指示对所述终端设备的寻呼成功，所述寻呼响应消息中包括第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示如下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备在所述目标小区中接入的波束；所述终端设备在寻呼成功时的位置信息；所述终端设备在寻呼成功之前的位置信息。
第五方面，本公开提供一种通信装置，所述通信装置包括处理器，用于实现上述第一方面所描述的方法。处理器与存储器耦合，存储器用于存储指令和数据，所述处理器执行所述存储器中存储的指令时，可以实现上述第一方面描述的方法。可选的，所述通信装置还可以包括存储器；所述通信装置还可以包括通信接口，所述通信接口用于该装置与其它设备进行通信，示例性的，通信接口可以是收发器、电路、总线、模块、管脚或其它类型的通信接口。
在一种可能的设备中，该通信装置包括：存储器，用于存储程序指令；处理器，用于利用通信接口获取第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示终端设备的运动轨迹；其中，所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括所述终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置和/或所述终端设备在所述第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置，所述N1和所述N2为正整数；所述第一时刻为所述终端设备从连接态变化为非连接态或去激活态的时刻；处理器，还用于：根据所述第一信息，确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置；其中，所述第二时刻晚于所述第一时刻； 以及通过通信模块在第二时刻向目标小区所属的接入网设备发送寻呼消息；其中，所述寻呼消息中包括用于指示所述目标小区的信息，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标小区。
第六方面，本公开提供一种通信装置，所述通信装置包括处理器，用于实现上述第二方面所描述的方法。处理器与存储器耦合，存储器用于存储指令和数据，所述处理器执行所述存储器中存储的指令时，可以实现上述第二方面描述的方法。可选的，所述通信装置还可以包括存储器；所述通信装置还可以包括通信接口，所述通信接口用于该装置与其它设备进行通信，示例性的，通信接口可以是收发器、电路、总线、模块、管脚或其它类型的通信接口。
在一种可能的设备中，该通信装置包括：存储器，用于存储程序指令；处理器，用于利用通信接口获取寻呼消息，所述寻呼消息中包括用于指示目标小区的信息，所述目标小区是根据终端设备的运动轨迹确定的；其中，所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括所述终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置和/或所述终端设备在所述第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置，所述N1和所述N2为正整数，所述第一时刻为所述终端设备从连接态变化为非连接态或去激活态的时刻，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标小区，所述第二时刻晚于所述第一时刻。处理器，还用于根据所述寻呼消息，在所述目标小区内对所述终端设备进行寻呼。
第七方面，本公开提供了一种通信系统，包括如第三方面或第五方面中所描述的通信装置；以及如第四方面或第六方面所描述的通信装置。
第八方面，本公开还提供了一种计算机程序，当所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行上述第一方面至第二方面中任一方面提供的方法。
第九方面，本公开还提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括指令，当所述指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第二方面中任一方面提供的方法。
第十方面，本公开还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或者指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行上述第一方面至第二方面中任一方面提供的方法。
第十一方面，本公开还提供了一种芯片，所述芯片用于读取存储器中存储的计算机程序，执行上述第一方面至第二方面中任一方面提供的方法。
第十二方面，本公开还提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，用于支持计算机装置实现上述第一方面至第二方面中任一方面提供的方法。在一种可能的设计中，所述芯片系统还包括存储器，所述存储器用于保存该计算机装置必要的程序和数据。该芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
上述第二方面至第十二方面中任一方面可以带来的技术效果请参照上述第一方面中各个设计方案可以带来的效果描述，在此不重复赘述。
附图说明
图1为本公开提供的一种通信系统的架构示意图；
图2A为本公开提供的一种接入网设备的结构示意图；
图2B为本公开提供的另一种接入网设备的结构示意图；
图3为TA和RNA之间的关系示意图；
图4为一种寻呼消息的监听位置示意图；
图5A为神经元结构的一种示意图；
图5B为神经网络的层关系的一种示意图；
图5C为本公开提供的一种AI应用框架示意图；
图6为本公开提供的寻呼方法的流程示意图之一；
图7为本公开提供的寻呼方法的流程示意图之一；
图8为本公开提供的寻呼方法的流程示意图之一；
图9为本公开提供的通信装置的结构示意图之一；
图10为本公开提供的通信装置的结构示意图之一。
具体实施方式
为了使本公开的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本公开作进一步地详细描述。
本公开如下涉及的至少一个(项)，指示一个(项)或多个(项)。多个(项)，是指两个(项)或两个(项)以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。另外，应当理解，尽管在本公开中可能采用术语第一、第二等来描述各对象、但这些对象不应限于这些术语。这些术语仅用来将各对象彼此区分开。
本公开如下描述中所提到的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括其他没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。需要说明的是，本公开中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本公开中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何方法或设计方案不应被解释为比其它方法或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念。
本公开提供的技术可以应用于各种通信系统，例如，该通信系统可以是第三代(3th generation，3G)通信系统(例如通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS))、第四代(4th generation，4G)通信系统(例如长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统)、第五代(5th generation，5G)通信系统、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)或者无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)系统、或者多种系统的融合系统，或者是未来的通信系统，例如6G通信系统等。其中，5G通信系统还可以称为新无线(new radio，NR)系统。
通信系统中的一个网元可以向另一个网元发送信号或从另一个网元接收信号。其中信号可以包括信息、信令或者数据等。其中，网元也可以被替换为实体、网络实体、设备、通信设备、通信模块、节点、通信节点等等，本公开中以网元为例进行描述。例如，通信系统可以包括至少一个终端设备和至少一个接入网设备。接入网设备可以向终端设备发送下行信号，和/或终端设备可以向接入网设备发送上行信号此外可以理解的是，若通信系统中包括多个终端设备，多个终端设备之间也可以互发信号，即信号的发送网元和信号的接收网元均可以是终端设备。
参见图1示意一种通信系统，作为示例，该通信系统包括接入网设备110以及两个终端设备，即终端设备120和终端设备130。终端设备120和终端设备130中的至少一个可以发送上行数据给接入网设备110，接入网设备110可以接收该上行数据。接入网设备可以向终端设备120和终端设备130中的至少一个发送下行数据。
下面对图1所涉及的终端设备和接入网设备进行详细说明。
(1)接入网设备
接入网设备可以为基站(base station，BS)。接入网设备还可以称为网络设备、接入节点(access node，AN)、无线接入节点(radio access node，RAN)。接入网设备可以与核心网(如LTE的核心网或者5G的核心网等)连接，接入网设备可以为终端设备提供无线接入服务，在空口通过一个或多个小区与终端设备通信。接入网设备例如包括但不限于以下至少一个：5G中的下一代节点B(generation nodeB，gNB)、开放无线接入网(open radio access network，O-RAN)中的接入网设备或者接入网设备包括的模块、演进型节点B(evolved node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved nodeB，或home node B，HNB)、基带单元(base band unit，BBU)、收发点(transmitting and receiving point，TRP)、发射点(transmitting point，TP)、和/或移动交换中心等。或者，接入网设备还可以是无线单元(radio unit，RU)、集中单元(centralized unit，CU)、分布单元(distributed unit,DU)、集中单元控制面(CU control plane，CU-CP)节点、或集中单元用户面(CU user plane，CU-UP)节点。或者，接入网设备可以为中继站、接入点、车载设备、可穿戴设备或者未来演进的公共陆地移动网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的接入网设备等。
如图2A示意，接入网侧或称RAN侧的两个gNB，gNB1和gNB2与核心网连接，gNB1和gNB2中可以包括CU和DU。可以理解，CU和DU是对接入网设备从逻辑功能角度的划分，CU和DU在物理上可以是分离的，也可以是部署在一起的，多个DU可以由一个CU集中控制，一个DU也可以连接多个CU。作为示例，CU和DU之间的接口可以称为F1接口。作为示例，图2A中示意了在gNB1(或gNB2)中两个DU由一个CU集中控制的情况。
本公开中，用于实现接入网设备功能的通信装置可以是接入网设备，也可以是具有接入网设备部分功能的网络设备，也可以是能够支持接入网设备实现该功能的装置，例如芯片系统，硬件电路、软件模块、或硬件电路加软件模块，该装置可以被安装在接入网设备中或者和接入网设备匹配使用。本公开的方法中，以用于实现接入网设备功能的通信装置是接入网设备为例进行描述。
(2)终端设备
终端设备又称之为终端、用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台(mobile station，MS)、移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)等。终端设备可以是一种向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备。终端设备可通过接入网设备与一个或多个核心网进行通信。终端设备包括具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、连接到无线调制解调器的其他处理设备或车载设备等。终端设备可以是便携式、袖珍式、手持式、计算机内置的或者车载的移动装置。一些终端设备的举例为：个人通信业务(personal communication service，PCS)电话、无绳电话、会话发起协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)话机、无线本地环路(wireless local loop， WLL)站、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、无线网络摄像头、手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、可穿戴设备如智能手表、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、车联网系统中的终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端如智能加油器，高铁上的终端设备以及智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端，如智能音响、智能咖啡机、智能打印机等。
本公开中，用于实现终端设备功能的通信装置可以是终端设备，也可以是具有终端部分功能的终端设备，也可以是能够支持终端设备实现该功能的装置，例如芯片系统，该装置可以被安装在终端设备中或者和终端设备匹配使用。本公开中，芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。本公开提供的技术方案中，以用于实现终端设备功能的通信装置是终端设备或UE为例进行描述。
(3)接入网设备和终端设备之间的协议层结构
接入网设备和终端设备之间的通信遵循一定的协议层结构。该协议层结构可以包括控制面协议层结构和用户面协议层结构。例如，控制面协议层结构可以包括无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)层、分组数据汇聚层协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层、无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)层、媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)层和物理层(phy，PHY)等协议层的功能。例如，用户面协议层结构可以包括PDCP层、RLC层、MAC层和物理层等协议层的功能，在一种可能的实现中，PDCP层之上还可以包括业务数据适配协议(service data adaptation protocol，SDAP)层。
可选的，接入网设备和终端之间的协议层结构还可以包括人工智能(artificial intelligence，AI)层，用于传输AI功能相关的数据。
以接入网设备和终端设备之间的数据传输为例，数据传输需要经过用户面协议层，比如经过SDAP层、PDCP层、RLC层、MAC层、物理层。其中，SDAP层、PDCP层、RLC层、MAC层和物理层也可以统称为接入层。根据数据的传输方向分为发送或接收，上述每层又分为发送部分和接收部分。以下行数据传输为例，PDCP层自上层取得数据后，将数据传送到RLC层与MAC层，再由MAC层生成传输块，然后通过物理层进行无线传输。数据在各个层中进行相对应的封装。例如，某一层从该层的上层收到的数据视为该层的服务数据单元(service data unit，SDU)，经过该层封装后成为协议数据单元(protocol data unit，PDU)，再传递给下一个层。
示例性的，终端设备还可以具有应用层和非接入层。其中，应用层可以用于向终端设备中所安装的应用程序提供服务，比如，终端设备接收到的下行数据可以由物理层依次传输到应用层，进而由应用层提供给应用程序；又比如，应用层可以获取应用程序产生的数据，并将数据依次传输到物理层，发送给其它通信装置。非接入层可以用于转发用户数据，比如将从应用层接收到的上行数据转发给SDAP层或者将从SDAP层接收到的下行数据转发给应用层。
(4)接入网设备的结构
如图2B示意，接入网设备包括集中式单元(central unit，CU)和分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)。
其中，CU和DU可以根据无线网络的协议层划分：比如，PDCP层及以上协议层的功能设置在CU，PDCP层以下协议层(例如RLC层、MAC层和PHY层等)的功能设置在DU。比如，PDCP层以上协议层的功能设置在CU，PDCP层及以下协议层的功能设置在DU。或者，CU和DU也可以按照其他的方式进行划分，例如可以将CU或者DU划分为具有更多协议层的功能，又例如将CU或DU还可以划分为具有协议层的部分处理功能。在一种设计中，将RLC层的部分功能和RLC层以上的协议层的功能设置在CU，将RLC层的剩余功能和RLC层以下的协议层的功能设置在DU。在另一种设计中，还可以按照业务类型或者其他系统需求对CU或者DU的功能进行划分，例如按时延划分，将处理时间需要满足时延要求的功能设置在DU，不需要满足该时延要求的功能设置在CU。在另一种设计中，CU也可以具有核心网的一个或多个功能。示例性的，CU可以设置在网络侧方便集中管理。DU可以具有多个射频功能，也可以将射频功能拉远设置。作为示例，图2B中示意出PDCP层、RRC层以及SDAP的功能设置在CU，RLC层、MAC层和PHY层的功能设置在DU。
进一步的，CU的功能可以由一个实体来实现，或者也可以由不同的实体来实现。例如，图2B示意出可以对CU的功能进行进一步划分，将控制面(control panel，CP)和用户面(user panel，UP)分离通过不同实体来实现，分别为控制面CU实体(即CU-CP实体)和用户面CU实体(即CU-UP实体)。该CU-CP实体和CU-UP实体可以与DU相耦合，共同完成接入网设备的功能。基于此，PDCP层设置在CU时，可分为PDCP-C和PDCP-U。一种可能的方式中，CU-CP负责控制面功能，如图2B示意CU-CP主要包含RRC和PDCP-C。PDCP-C主要负责控制面数据的加解密，完整性保护，数据传输等。CU-UP负责用户面功能，如图2B示意CU-UP主要包含SDAP和PDCP-U。其中SDAP主要负责将核心网的数据进行处理并将数据流(flow)映射到承载。PDCP-U主要负责数据面的加解密，完整性保护，头压缩，序列号维护，数据传输等。其中CU-CP和CU-UP通过E1接口连接。CU-CP代表接入网设备通过Ng接口和核心网连接，CU-CP通过控制面接口如F1-C和DU连接。CU-UP通过用户面接口如F1-U和DU连接。
上述架构中，CU产生的信令可以通过DU发送给终端设备，或者终端设备产生的信令可以通过DU发送给CU。例如，RRC或PDCP层的信令最终会处理为物理层的信令发送给终端设备，或者，由接收到的物理层的信令转变而来。在这种架构下，该RRC或PDCP层的信令，即可以认为是通过DU发送的。
可选的，上述DU、CU、CU-CP和CU-UP中的任一个可以是软件模块、硬件结构、或者软件模块+硬件结构，不予限制。其中，不同实体的存在形式可以是不同的，不予限制。这些模块及其执行的方法也在本公开的保护范围内。
应理解，图1所示的通信系统中各个设备的数量、类型仅作为示意，本公开并不限于此，实际应用中在通信系统中还可以包括更多的终端设备、更多的接入网设备，还可以包括其它网元，例如可以包括核心网设备，和/或用于实现人工智能功能的网元。
在上述通信系统中，当终端设备没有数据传输时，终端设备会进入空闲(IDLE)态或者去激活(INACTIVE)态。在这两种状态下，终端设备与接入网设备之间的连接断开，如果网络侧需要发送信号给终端设备，需要先通过寻呼(paging)消息找到终端设备，再与终端设备建立连接从而进行信号的传输。终端设备在处于空闲态或去激活态时，需要以特定的周期在特定的位置醒来，监听网络侧对自己的寻呼，其他时间终端设备进行睡眠以 达到省电的目的。
相关技术中，当终端设备处于空闲态时，核心网会针对终端设备在核心网中注册的TA内的所有小区进行寻呼；或者，当终端设备处于去激活态时，接入网设备需要在配置的RNA内的所有小区进行寻呼。可以理解的是，该接入网设备指的是终端设备处于连接态时接入的最后一个服务小区(last serving cell)所属的接入网设备，该接入网设备也可以称为最后的服务基站(last serving gNB)，或者锚点基站。
具体地，TA指的是在通信系统(如LTE或NR)中为针对终端设备的位置管理所设置的概念，终端设备在注册接入网络时，核心网为终端设备配置一个UE注册区(UE registration area)，该UE注册区包含一个跟踪区标识(tracking area identity，TAI)列表，该TAI列表用于标记终端设备在核心网中注册的TA。当然TA并非固定不变的，当终端设备移动到一个不属于该TAI列表标识的TA内的小区时，终端设备会主动接入网络，执行NAS注册更新(NAS registration update)，核心网记录终端设备此时的位置并更新该终端设备对应的UE注册区，即重新为该终端设备指示包含其当前所在小区的TA的TAI列表。
RNA是针对去激活态的终端设备，为节省寻呼消息的传输开销所设置的比TA范围更小的寻呼范围。参照图3示意，可以理解TA可以包含多个RNA，一个RNA可以包含多个小区。终端设备对应的RNA可以由接入网设备配置管理，接入网设备可以基于终端设备对应的RNA对终端设备进行寻呼。类似地，RNA也并非固定不变，终端设备可以在移动到不属于该RNA的小区时，发起RNA的更新流程；或者，终端设备也可以周期性地发起RNA的更新流程。
下面对相关技术中的寻呼流程进行详细介绍。
当终端设备处于空闲态时，核心网会向终端设备对应的TAI列表标识的所有TA下的接入网设备发送寻呼消息，寻呼消息中携带终端设备的标识，例如国际移动用户识别码(international mobile subscriber identity，IMSI)或S临时移动用户识别码(S-temporary mobile subscriber identity，S-TMSI)。这些接入网设备会生成无线链路控制(radio resource control，RRC)，将寻呼消息透传给在其管理的小区内的终端设备。如果监听到寻呼消息的终端设备确定该寻呼消息中携带了该终端设备的标识，则发起RRC建立请求和相应的接入网设备进行连接；如果监听到寻呼消息的终端设备确定该寻呼消息中未携带该终端设备的标识，则忽略这个寻呼消息。
当终端设备处于去激活态时，接入网设备可基于RNA对去激活态的UE进行RAN寻呼，即接入网设备可以在终端设备当前所在的RNA内所有小区发送寻呼消息，寻呼消息携带终端设备的I-无线网络临时标识(I-radio network temporary identifier，I-RNTI)。如果终端设备的当前RNA区域包括锚点基站以外其他基站管理的小区，则锚点基站会通过Xn接口将寻呼消息发送到其他基站。终端设备监听到寻呼消息后，会查看寻呼消息中是否包含自己的I-RNTI。如果终端设备确定寻呼消息中包含自己的I-RNTI，则发起RRC恢复请求和相应的接入网设备进行连接；如果监听到寻呼消息的终端设备确定该寻呼消息中未包含该终端设备的标识，则忽略这个寻呼消息。
处于空闲态或去激活态的终端设备可以使用非连续接收(discontinuous reception，DRX)方式监听寻呼消息来降低功耗。处于空闲态的终端设备监控寻呼控制信道(paging control channel，PCCH)中核心网发起的寻呼信息，处于去激活态的终端设备监控PCCH中接入网设备发起的寻呼信息。接入网设备和核心网的寻呼时机可以重叠，接入网设备和核心网可 以使用相同的寻呼机制。一个终端设备在每个DRX周期内的属于该终端设备的固定时域位置监听寻呼消息。具体地，终端设备的固定时域位置与该终端设备的标识有关，例如处于空闲态的终端设备可以根据自己的S-TMSI，按照协议约定的公式计算固定时域位置。又如处于去激活态的终端设备可以根据自己的I-RNTI，按照协议约定的公式计算固定时域位置。
终端设备在一个DRX周期内监听寻呼消息的固定时域位置，可具体通过寻呼帧(paging frame，PF)以及寻呼时机(paging occasion，PO)体现。参见图4示意，PO是一个用于监听寻呼消息的PDCCH盲检时机集合，一个PO中包括S个时隙，S的取值为接入网设备的SSB对应的波束(beam)个数，也可以描述为一个PO中包含S个SSB波束。终端设备基于SSB波束的扫描机制监听寻呼消息，即终端设备在一个PO中的一个时隙上监听一个波束方向的寻呼消息。PF是一种包含了寻呼消息的无线帧，包含了PO的起始位置，一个PF中包含一个或多个PO，但当PO中包括SSB波束个数较多时，一个PF中可能包括的PO不足一个，其他的PO可能在后续的PF中。图4作为示例示意出一个PF中包括Ns个PO。一个DRX周期(记作T)包括N个PF，N个PF中的每两个PF之间包括偏移量PF_offset。
由上述介绍可知，相关技术中的寻呼范围涉及多个小区，且终端设备需要扫描小区的所有波束，这样的寻呼方法需要较长的时间，效率低下。
基于此，本公开提供一种寻呼方法以及通信装置，以期通过对终端设备的位置进行预测，确定进行寻呼的目标小区，缩小寻呼范围，提升寻呼的效率。
本公开中可以基于人工智能(artificial Intelligence，AI)对终端设备的位置进行预测。AI可以通过各种可能的技术实现，例如通过机器学习技术实现。在本公开中，前述通信系统也可以包括实现人工智能功能的网元。例如，可以在通信系统中已有网元内配置AI功能(如AI模块或者AI实体)来实现AI相关的操作，AI相关的操作还可以称为AI功能。例如该已有网元可以是接入网设备(如gNB)、终端设备、核心网中的设备(或称网元)、或网管等。其中，网管可以根据运营商网络运营的实际需要，将网络的管理工作划分为3类：操作(Operation)、管理(Administration)、维护(Maintenance)。网管又可以称为操作维护管理(operation administration and maintenance，OAM)网元，简称OAM。操作主要完成日常网络和业务进行的分析、预测、规划和配置工作；维护主要是对网络及其业务的测试和故障管理等进行的日常操作活动，网管可以检测网络运行状态、优化网络连接和性能，提升网络运行稳定性，降低网络维护成本。或者，也可以在通信系统中引入独立的网元来执行AI相关的操作。该独立的网元可以称为AI网元或者AI节点等，本公开对此名称不进行限制。AI网元可以和通信系统中的接入网设备之间直接连接，也可以通过第三方网元和接入网设备实现间接连接。其中，第三方网元可以是认证管理功能(authentication management function，AMF)网元、用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)网元等核心网中的网元、OAM、云服务器或者其他网元，不予限制。执行AI相关的操作的网元为内置AI功能的网元，或者为上述AI网元，本公开不予限制。本公开下文以AI功能内置在已有网元为例进行描述。
为便于理解，下面结合A1～A4，首先对本公开涉及的AI部分用语进行介绍。可以理解的是，该介绍并不作为对本公开的限定。
A1，AI模型
AI模型是AI功能的具体实现，AI模型表征了模型的输入和输出之间的映射关系。AI模型可以是神经网络、线性回归模型、决策树模型、支持向量机(support vector machine，SVM)、贝叶斯网络、Q学习模型或者其他机器学习模型。本公开中，AI功能可以包括以下至少一项：数据收集(收集训练数据和/或推理数据)、数据预处理、模型训练(或称，模型学习)、模型信息发布(配置模型信息)、模型校验、模型推理、或推理结果发布。其中，推理又可以称为预测。本公开中，可以将AI模型简称为模型。
传统的通信系统需要借助丰富的专家知识来设计通信模块，而基于机器学习技术(如神经网络)的深度学习通信系统可以从大量的数据集中自动发现隐含的模式结构，建立数据之间的映射关系，获得优于传统建模方法的性能。
A2，神经网络
神经网络是AI或机器学习技术的一种具体实现形式。根据通用近似定理，神经网络在理论上可以逼近任意连续函数，从而使得神经网络具备学习任意映射的能力。
神经网络的思想来源于大脑组织的神经元结构。例如，每个神经元都对其输入值进行加权求和运算，通过一个激活函数输出运算结果。如图5A所示，为神经元结构的一种示意图。假设神经元的输入为x＝[x0,x1,…,xn]，与各个输入对应的权值分别为w＝[w,w1,…,wn]，其中，wi作为xi的权值，用于对xi进行加权。根据权值对输入值进行加权求和的偏置例如为b。激活函数的形式可以有多种，假设一个神经元的激活函数为：y＝f(z)＝max(0,z)，则该神经元的输出为： 再例如，一个神经元的激活函数为：y＝f(z)＝z，则该神经元的输出为：其中，b、wi、xi可以是小数、整数(例如0、正整数或负整数)、或复数等各种可能的取值。神经网络中不同神经元的激活函数可以相同或不同。
神经网络一般包括多个层，每层可包括一个或多个神经元。通过增加神经网络的深度和/或宽度，能够提高该神经网络的表达能力，为复杂系统提供更强大的信息提取和抽象建模能力。其中，神经网络的深度可以是指神经网络包括的层数，其中每层包括的神经元个数可以称为该层的宽度。在一种实现方式中，神经网络包括输入层和输出层。神经网络的输入层将接收到的输入信息经过神经元处理，将处理结果传递给输出层，由输出层得到神经网络的输出结果。在另一种实现方式中，神经网络包括输入层、隐藏层和输出层，可参考图5B。神经网络的输入层将接收到的输入信息经过神经元处理，将处理结果传递给中间的隐藏层，隐藏层对接收的处理结果进行计算，得到计算结果，隐藏层将计算结果传递给输出层或者相邻的隐藏层，最终由输出层得到神经网络的输出结果。其中，一个神经网络可以包括一个隐藏层，或者包括多个依次连接的隐藏层，不予限制。
本公开涉及的神经网络例如为深度神经网络(deep neural network,DNN)。根据网络的构建方式，DNN可以包括前馈神经网络(feedforward neural network,FNN)、卷积神经网络(convolutional neural networks,CNN)和递归神经网络(recurrent neural network,RNN)。
A3，训练数据和推理数据
训练数据可以包括AI模型的输入，或者包括AI模型的输入和目标输出(标签)，用于AI模型的训练。例如，训练数据包括多个训练样本，每个训练样本为神经网络的一次输入。训练数据也可以理解为训练样本的集合，或称为训练数据集。训练数据集是机器学 习重要的部分之一，模型训练本质上就是从训练数据中学习它的某些特征，使得AI模型的输出尽可能接近目标输出，如AI模型的输出与目标输出之间的差异尽可能地小。其中，目标输出也可以被称为标签。训练数据集的构成与选取，在一定程度上可以决定训练出来的AI模型的性能。
另外，在AI模型(如神经网络)的训练过程中，可以定义损失函数。损失函数描述了AI模型的输出值与目标输出值之间的差距或差异。本公开并不限制损失函数的具体形式。AI模型的训练过程就是通过调整AI模型的参数，使得损失函数的取值小于门限，或者使得损失函数的取值满足目标需求的过程。例如，AI模型为神经网络，调整神经网络的参数包括调整如下参数中的至少一种：神经网络的层数、宽度、神经元的权值、或神经元的激活函数中的参数。
推理数据可以作为已训练好的AI模型的输入，用于AI模型的推理。在模型推理过程中，将推理数据输入AI模型，可以得到对应的输出即为推理结果。
A4，AI模型的设计
AI模型的设计主要包括数据收集环节(例如收集训练数据和/或推理数据)、模型训练环节以及模型推理环节。进一步地还可以包括推理结果应用环节。参见图5C示意一种AI应用框架。在前述数据收集环节中，数据源(data source)用于提供训练数据和推理数据。在模型训练环节中，通过对数据源提供的训练数据(training data)进行分析或训练，得到AI模型。其中，AI模型表征了模型的输入和输出之间的映射关系。通过模型训练节点学习得到AI模型，相当于利用训练数据学习得到模型的输入和输出之间的映射关系。在模型推理环节中，使用经由模型训练环节训练后的AI模型，基于数据源提供的推理数据进行推理，得到推理结果。该环节还可以理解为：将推理数据输入到AI模型，通过AI模型得到输出，该输出即为推理结果。该推理结果可以指示：由执行对象使用(执行)的配置参数、和/或由执行对象执行的操作。在推理结果应用环节中进行推理结果的发布，例如推理结果可以由执行(actor)实体统一规划，例如执行实体可以发送推理结果给一个或多个执行对象(例如，核心网设备、接入网设备、或终端设备等)去执行。又如执行实体还可以反馈模型的性能给数据源，便于后续实施模型的更新训练。
下面进一步通过方案一和方案二对本公开提供的寻呼方法进行详细说明。
方案一
参见图6示意一种寻呼方法的流程示意图，该方法包括如下流程。
S601，第一接入网设备向核心网网元发送第一信息，该第一信息用于指示终端设备的运动轨迹。
具体地，第一接入网设备指的是第一时刻之前，为终端设备提供服务的接入网设备。如第一接入网设备是第一时刻之前为终端最后提供服务的接入网设备，即锚点基站；或者也可以描述为，第一接入网设备指的是第一时刻之前终端设备的最后服务小区所属的接入网设备。其中，所述第一时刻为所述终端设备从连接态变化为非连接态或去激活态的时刻，或者也可以理解为终端设备与第一接入网设备断开连接的时刻。所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括所述终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置和/或所述终端设备在所述第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置，N1和N2为正整数。
可选的，本公开中描述终端设备的位置可以使用地理位置信息体现，例如终端设备所 在的经纬度、高度等地理位置信息。
可选的，第一接入网设备可以将第一信息携带在终端设备的上下文释放消息中，将终端设备的上下文释放消息发送给核心网网元，该核心网网元可以是AMF网元或者其他的网元。
当然可以理解，第一接入网设备在发送第一信息之前，需要确定第一信息。下面对第一接入网设备确定第一信息的两种可选实施方式进行说明。
一种可选的实施方式中，第一接入网设备可以在与终端设备断开连接之前，获取终端设备的历史运动轨迹，如前述终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置。可以理解，终端设备在上报历史运动轨迹对应的N1个历史位置时，可以标明每个历史位置对应的时间。
第一接入网设备可以根据获取到的终端设备的历史运动轨迹，确定第一信息。例如，第一接入网设备可以通过第一信息指示终端设备的历史运动轨迹。又如，第一接入网设备可以根据终端设备的历史运动轨迹，对终端设备的未来运动轨迹进行预测，如确定终端设备在第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置；进而第一接入网设备可以通过第一信息指示终端设备的历史运动轨迹以及未来运动轨迹。又如，第一接入网设备在预测得到终端设备的未来运动轨迹的情况下，第一信息也可以仅用于指示终端设备的未来运动轨迹。可选的，第一接入网设备可以根据终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置和用于预测终端设备位置的AI模型，确定终端设备在第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置。为便于描述，本公开中如下内容将用于预测终端位置的AI模型，简称为预测模型。
另一种可选的实施方式中，终端设备自身具备预测能力，例如可以利用预测模型，基于终端设备的历史运动轨迹推导(预测)出终端设备的未来运动轨迹。第一接入网设备可以在与终端设备断开连接之前获取终端设备的运动轨迹，该运动轨迹包括终端设备的历史运动轨迹和终端设备自己预测的未来运动轨迹。可以理解，终端设备在上报历史运动轨迹对应的N1个历史位置以及未来运动轨迹对应的N2个预测位置时，可以标明每个位置对应的时间。
第一接入网设备可以根据获取的终端设备的运动轨迹，确定第一信息。例如，第一接入网设备可以确定由第一信息指示获取的终端设备的运动轨迹。又如，第一接入网设备也可以仅通过第一信息指示终端设备自己预测的未来运动轨迹。又如，第一接入网设备也可以再根据终端设备的历史运动轨迹，对终端设备的未来运动轨迹进行预测。进而通过第一信息指示终端设备的历史运动轨迹以及第一接入网设备所预测的终端设备的未来运动轨迹。当然，第一接入网设备也可以仅通过第一信息指示终端设备的历史运动轨迹。本申请实施例对此并不进行限制。
S602，核心网网元根据第一信息，确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置。
一种可选的实施方式中，当第一信息指示所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括历史运动轨迹，如终端设备在第一时刻之前的所述N1个历史位置时，核心网网元可以根据所述终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置，确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置。可选的，核心网网元可以利用预测模型，基于终端设备的N1个历史位置推导(预测)出终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置。
另一种可选的实施方式中，当第一信息指示所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括未来运动轨迹，如终端设备在第一时刻之后的所述N2个预测位置时，核心网网元可以在所述N2个预测位置中确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置。
可以理解的是，上述描述的第二时刻晚于所述第一时刻。
S603，核心网网元在第二时刻向第二接入网设备发送寻呼消息。
其中，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于目标小区，第二接入网设备指的是目标小区所属的接入网设备。可选的，该目标小区也可以描述为寻呼小区，指的是对终端设备进行寻呼的小区范围。
可以理解的是，如果终端设备在第一时刻之前的最后一个服务小区和目标小区归属于相同的接入网设备，那么第一接入网设备和第二接入网设备是同一个接入网设备；如果终端设备在第一时刻之前的最后一个服务小区和目标小区所属的接入网设备不同，那么第一接入网设备和第二接入网设备是不同的接入网设备。
具体地，所述寻呼消息中包括用于指示所述目标小区的信息。进一步可选的，如果核心网网元可以确定目标小区的SSB波束分布情况，那么核心网网元根据第一信息还可以确定出第二时刻终端设备在目标小区中的目标波束的覆盖范围，核心网网元还可以在寻呼消息中添加用于指示目标波束的信息。或者，如果核心网网元无法确定目标小区的SSB波束分布情况，那么核心网网元在发送寻呼消息的同时还可以向第二接入网设备发送第二信息，该第二信息用于指示终端设备的未来预测位置，如终端设备在第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置。这样，第二接入网设备可以根据第二信息确定终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置属于目标小区的哪个波束的覆盖范围，进而将该波束确定为目标波束。
S604，第二接入网设备根据寻呼消息，在目标小区内对所述终端设备进行寻呼。
一种可选的实施方式中，如果寻呼消息中包括用于指示目标波束的信息，第二接入网设备可以具体在目标小区的目标波束的覆盖范围内发起对终端设备的寻呼，如将核心网网元发送的寻呼消息转发给目标波束的覆盖范围内的所有终端设备；或者，核心网网元也可以根据核心网网元发送的寻呼消息生成可与终端设备交互的信令，将该信令下发至目标波束的覆盖范围内的所有终端设备。
另一种可选的实施方式中，如果寻呼消息中没有包括用于指示目标波束的信息，第二接入网设备需要在目标小区的所有波束覆盖范围内发起对终端设备的寻呼，如将核心网网元发送的寻呼消息转发给目标小区内的所有终端设备；或者，核心网网元也可以根据核心网网元发送的寻呼消息生成可与终端设备交互的信令，将该信令下发至目标小区内的所有终端设备。
或者，如果寻呼消息中没有包括用于指示目标波束的信息，但是第二接入网设备获取到如S603中描述的第二信息。第二接入网设备可以根据第二信息指示的N2个预测位置，确定前述目标波束。第二接入网设备可以具体在目标小区的目标波束的覆盖范围内发起对终端设备的寻呼，如将核心网网元发送的寻呼消息转发给目标波束的覆盖范围内的所有终端设备；或者，核心网网元也可以根据核心网网元发送的寻呼消息生成可与终端设备交互的信令，将该信令下发至目标波束的覆盖范围内的所有终端设备。
S605，第二接入网设备向核心网网元发送第一寻呼响应消息。
其中，该第一寻呼响应消息用于指示在目标小区内对终端设备进行寻呼的寻呼结果。一种可能的情况中，第一寻呼响应消息用于指示对终端设备的寻呼成功。另一种可能的情况中，第一寻呼响应消息用于指示对终端设备的寻呼失败。
可选的，当第一寻呼响应消息用于指示对终端设备的寻呼成功时，第二接入网设备可以将终端设备在目标小区中实际接入的波束，寻呼成功时以及寻呼成功之前的实际位置等 通知给核心网网元。例如第二接入网设备可以在第一寻呼响应消息中包括终端设备的实际位置信息，该第一寻呼响应消息中的实际位置信息也可以描述为第三信息，该第三信息用于指示如下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备在所述目标小区中接入的波束；所述终端设备在寻呼成功时的位置信息；所述终端设备在寻呼成功之前的位置信息。
可选的，第三信息或称第三信息指示的内容可以用于对S601或S602中描述的预测模型进行更新，通过这样的设计能够提升预测准确性。一种可能的实现中，更新后的预测模型可以用于预测终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置，在此实现中，可以理解第三信息用于预测终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置。
进一步可选的，当第一寻呼响应消息指示对终端设备的寻呼成功时，可以在S605之后继续执行S608～S609；当第一寻呼响应消息指示对终端设备的寻呼失败时，需要在S605之后继续执行S606～S609。作为可选步骤，图6中以虚线示意出了S606～S709。
S606，核心网网元在除目标小区之外，终端设备当前所在的TA中的小区内进行对终端设备的寻呼。
具体地，该步骤可参照相关技术中终端设备处于去激活态，核心网触发的寻呼流程执行。本公开对此不再进行赘述。
假设终端设备当前所在TA中一个小区内对终端设备的寻呼成功，将该小区所属的接入网设备记作第三接入网设备。该第三接入网设备可以向核心网网元反馈寻呼成功的相关信息。具体地，可以按照S607中描述的理解。
S607，第三接入网设备向核心网网元发送第二寻呼响应消息，该第二寻呼响应消息用于指示在第三接入网设备管理的小区内对终端设备的寻呼成功。
可选的，第三接入网设备可以将终端设备实际接入的小区以及在该小区中实际接入的波束，寻呼成功时以及寻呼成功之前的实际位置等通知给核心网网元。例如，第三接入网设备可以在第二寻呼响应消息中包括终端设备的实际位置信息，该第二寻呼响应消息中终端设备的实际位置信息也可以描述为第四信息，第四信息可以用于指示如下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备接入的小区；所述终端设备在其接入小区中接入的波束；所述终端设备在寻呼成功时的位置信息；所述终端设备在寻呼成功之前的位置信息。
可选的，第四信息或称第四信息指示的内容可以用于对S601或S602中描述的预测模型进行更新，通过这样的设计能够提升预测准确性。一种可能的实现中，更新后的预测模型可以用于预测终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置，在此实现中，可以理解第四信息用于预测终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置。
S608，核心网网元向第一接入网设备反馈对终端设备寻呼成功以及终端设备的实际位置信息。其中，如果执行S605，核心网网元反馈的实际位置信息指的是S605中描述的第一寻呼响应消息中包括的实际位置信息，或称第三信息；或者如果执行S607，核心网网元反馈的实际位置信息是S607中描述的第二寻呼响应消息中包括的实际位置信息，或称第四信息。
S609，第一接入网设备根据终端设备的实际位置信息，对预测模型进行更新。
示例性的，在第一接入网设备使用预测模型推导出终端设备在第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置的情况下，如果第一寻呼响应消息指示对终端设备的寻呼成功，则第一接入网设备可以根据该第三信息指示的内容，对其使用的预测模型进行强化学习，实现对预测模型的更新。或者如果第一寻呼响应消息指示对终端设备的寻呼失败，而第二寻呼响应消息指 示对终端设备的寻呼成功，则第一接入网设备可以根据该第四信息指示的内容，对其使用的预测模型进行强化学习，实现对预测模型的更新。
一种可能的实现中，第一接入网设备根据终端设备的实际位置信息(第三信息或第四信息)，对终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置进行预测。即第一接入网设备首先根据终端设备的实际位置信息更新预测模型，再利用更新后的预测模型，对终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置进行预测。
类似地，可以理解，如果S602中核心网网元利用预测模型，基于终端设备的N1个历史位置推导(预测)出终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置。那么核心网网元也可以根据终端设备的实际位置信息(第三信息或第四信息)，对预测模型进行更新。进而可选的，核心网网元也可以利用更新后的预测模型对终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置进行预测。
本公开提供的上述方案一，引入终端设备的历史轨迹信息和预测轨迹信息，辅助核心网筛选出更精确进行终端设备寻呼的目标小区(或称寻呼小区)，可以降低寻呼相关信令开销和时延，提升寻呼效率以及准确率。且基于寻呼成功的终端设备的实际位置信息更新预测模型，能够提升对终端设备的轨迹预测的准确度。一种可能的设计中，上述方案一可以用于对处于空闲态的终端设备进行寻呼的场景。
方案二
参见图7示意一种寻呼方法的流程示意图，该方法包括如下流程。
S701，终端设备向第一接入网设备发送第一信息，该第一信息用于指示终端设备的运动轨迹。
具体地，第一接入网设备指的是第一时刻之前，为终端设备最后提供服务的接入网设备，或者也可以描述，第一接入网设备指的是第一时刻之前终端设备的最后服务小区所属的接入网设备。其中，所述第一时刻为所述终端设备从连接态变化为非连接态或去激活态的时刻，或者也可以理解为终端设备与第一接入网设备断开连接的时刻。所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括所述终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置和/或所述终端设备在所述第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置，N1和N2为正整数。
可选的，本公开中描述终端设备的位置可以使用地理位置信息体现，例如终端设备所在的经纬度、高度等地理位置信息。
当然可以理解，终端设备在发送第一信息之前，需要确定第一信息。下面终端设备确定第一信息的两种可选实施方式进行说明。
一种可选的实施方式，终端设备可以在与第一接入网设备断开连接之前，将自己的历史运动轨迹上报给第一接入网设备，此情况下，终端设备发送的第一信息用于指示终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置。
另一种可选的实施方式中，终端设备自身具备预测能力，例如可以利用预测模型，基于终端设备的历史运动轨迹推导(预测)出终端设备的未来运动轨迹。终端设备可以在与第一接入网设备断开连接之前，将自己的历史运动轨迹以及未来运动轨迹上报给第一接入网设备。此情况下，终端设备发送的第一信息用于指示终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置和终端设备在第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置。或者，终端设备可以在与第一接入网设备断开连接之前，将自己的未来运动轨迹上报给第一接入网设备，如终端设备发送的第一信息用于指示终端设备在第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置。
可以理解，终端设备在上报历史运动轨迹对应的N1个历史位置和/或未来运动轨迹对应的N2个预测位置时，可以标明每个位置对应的时间。
S702，第一接入网设备根据第一信息，确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置。
一种可选的实施方式中，当第一信息指示所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括历史运动轨迹，如终端设备在第一时刻之前的所述N1个历史位置时，第一接入网设备可以根据所述终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置，确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置。可选的，第一接入网设备可以利用预测模型，基于终端设备的N1个历史位置推导(预测)出终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置。
另一种可选的实施方式中，当第一信息指示所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括未来运动轨迹，如终端设备在第一时刻之后的所述N2个预测位置时，第一接入网设备可以在所述N2个预测位置中确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置。
可以理解的是，上述描述的第二时刻晚于所述第一时刻。
此外，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于目标小区，在一种可能的情况中，目标小区不是第一接入网设备管理的小区；在另一种可能的情况中，目标小区是第一接入网设备管理的小区。本方案二以目标小区不是第一接入网设备管理的小区为例，进行后续步骤的说明。为便于区分，下面将目标小区所属的接入网设备记作第二接入网设备进行描述。
S703，第一接入网设备在第二时刻向第二接入网设备发送寻呼消息。
具体地，所述寻呼消息中包括用于指示所述目标小区的信息。进一步可选的，如果第一接入网设备可以确定目标小区的SSB波束分布情况，那么第一接入网设备根据第一信息还可以确定出第二时刻终端设备在目标小区中的目标波束的覆盖范围，第一接入网设备还可以在寻呼消息中添加用于指示目标波束的信息。或者，如果第一接入网设备无法确定目标小区的SSB波束分布情况，那么第一接入网设备在发送寻呼消息的同时还可以向第二接入网设备发送第二信息，该第二信息用于指示终端设备的未来预测位置，如终端设备在第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置。这样，第二接入网设备可以根据第二信息确定终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置属于目标小区的哪个波束的覆盖范围，进而将该波束确定为目标波束。
S704，第二接入网设备根据寻呼消息，在目标小区内对终端设备进行寻呼。
具体地，可参照S604实施，本公开对此不再进行赘述。
S705，第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送第一寻呼响应消息。
其中，该第一寻呼响应消息用于指示在目标小区内对终端设备进行寻呼的寻呼结果。一种可能的情况中，第一寻呼响应消息用于指示对终端设备的寻呼成功。另一种可能的情况中，第一寻呼响应消息用于指示对终端设备的寻呼失败。
可选的，当第一寻呼响应消息用于指示对终端设备的寻呼成功时，第二接入网设备可以将终端设备在目标小区中实际接入的波束，寻呼成功时以及寻呼成功之前的实际位置等通知给第一接入网设备。例如第二接入网设备可以在第一寻呼响应消息中包括终端设备的实际位置信息，第一寻呼响应消息中终端设备的实际位置信息也可以描述为第三信息，该第三信息用于指示如下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备在所述目标小区中接入的波束；所述终端设备在寻呼成功时的位置信息；所述终端设备在寻呼成功之前的位置信息。
可选的，第三信息或称第三信息指示的内容可以用于对S701或S702中描述的预测模 型进行更新。通过这样的设计提升预测准确性。一种可能的实现中，更新后的预测模型可以用于预测终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置，在此实现中，可以理解第三信息用于预测终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置。
进一步可选的，当第一寻呼响应消息指示对终端设备的寻呼成功时，可以在S705之后继续执行S708；当第一寻呼响应消息指示对终端设备的寻呼失败时，需要在S705之后继续执行S706～S708。作为可选步骤，图7中以虚线示意出了S706～S708。
S706，第一接入网设备在除目标小区之外，终端设备当前所在的TA中的小区内对终端设备进行寻呼。
具体地，该步骤可参照相关技术中终端设备处于去激活态，接入网设备(锚点基站)触发的寻呼流程执行，第一接入网设备进行的寻呼范围可以具体为在TA中配置的RNA包括的小区。本公开对此不再进行赘述。
假设终端设备当前所在TA中一个小区内对终端设备的寻呼成功，将该小区所属的接入网设备记作第三接入网设备。该第三接入网设备可以向核心网网元反馈寻呼成功的相关信息。具体地，可以按照S607中描述的理解。
S707，第三接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送第二寻呼响应消息，该第二寻呼响应消息用于指示在第三接入网设备管理的小区内对终端设备的寻呼成功。可选的，第三接入网设备可以将终端设备实际接入的小区以及在该小区中实际接入的波束，寻呼成功时以及寻呼成功之前的实际位置等通知给第一接入网设备。例如，第三接入网设备可以在第二寻呼响应消息中包括终端设备的实际位置信息，第二寻呼响应消息中终端设备的实际位置信息也可以描述为第四信息，第四信息可以用于指示如下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备接入的小区；所述终端设备在其接入小区中接入的波束；所述终端设备在寻呼成功时的位置信息；所述终端设备在寻呼成功之前的位置信息。
可选的，第四信息指示的内容可以用于对S701或S702中描述的预测模型进行更新。通过这样的设计提升预测准确性。一种可能的实现中，更新后的预测模型可以用于预测终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置，在此实现中，可以理解第四信息用于预测终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置。
S708，第一接入网设备根据终端设备的实际位置信息，对预测模型进行更新。
示例性的，在第一接入网设备使用预测模型推导出终端设备在第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置的情况下，如果第一寻呼响应消息指示对终端设备的寻呼成功，则第一接入网设备可以根据该第三信息指示的内容，对其使用的预测模型进行强化学习，实现对预测模型的更新。或者如果第一寻呼响应消息指示对终端设备的寻呼失败，而第二寻呼响应消息指示对终端设备的寻呼成功，则第一接入网设备可以根据该第四信息指示的内容，对其使用的预测模型进行强化学习，实现对预测模型的更新。
一种可能的实现中，第一接入网设备根据终端设备的实际位置信息(第三信息或第四信息)，对终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置进行预测。即第一接入网设备首先根据终端设备的实际位置信息更新预测模型，再利用更新后的预测模型，对终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置进行预测。
本公开提供的上述方案二，引入对终端设备的历史轨迹信息和预测轨迹信息，辅助接入网设备筛选出更精确进行终端设备寻呼的目标小区(或称寻呼小区)，可以降低寻呼相关信令开销和时延，提升寻呼效率以及准确率。且基于寻呼成功的终端设备 的实际位置信息更新预测模型，能够提升对终端设备的轨迹预测的准确度。一种可能的设计中，上述方案二可以用于对处于去激活态的终端设备进行寻呼的场景。
方案三
参见图8示意一种寻呼方法的流程示意图，该方法包括如下流程。
S801，终端设备向第一接入网设备发送第一信息，该第一信息用于指示终端设备的运动轨迹。
具体地，可参照S701实施，本公开对此不再进行赘述。
S802，第一接入网设备根据第一信息，确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置。
具体地，可参照S702实施，本公开对此不再进行赘述。
此外，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于目标小区，在一种可能的情况中，目标小区不是第一接入网设备管理的小区；在另一种可能的情况中，目标小区是第一接入网设备管理的小区。本方案二以目标小区是第一接入网设备管理的小区为例，进行后续步骤的说明。
S803，第一接入网设备根据所述第一信息，在目标小区内对终端设备进行寻呼。
可选的，如果第一接入网设备可以确定目标小区的SSB波束分布情况，那么第一接入网设备根据第一信息还可以确定出第二时刻终端设备在目标小区中的目标波束的覆盖范围，第一接入网设备可以具体在目标小区的目标波束的覆盖范围内对终端设备进行寻呼。
S804，第一接入网设备确定在目标小区内对终端设备进行寻呼的寻呼结果。
一种可选的实施方式，如果在目标小区内对终端设备的寻呼成功，终端设备接入目标小区，第一接入网设备可以与终端设备进行通信，获取终端设备在目标小区中实际接入的波束，寻呼成功时以及寻呼成功之前的实际位置等信息。此情况下，第一接入网设备在确定目标小区内对终端设备的寻呼成功时，可以执行如下步骤S805～S806。
另一种可选的实施方式中，第一接入网设备在确定目标小区内对终端设备的寻呼失败时，可以执行如下步骤S807～S809。
作为可选步骤，图7中以虚线示意出了S805～S809。
S805，第一接入网设备可以从终端设备中获取第三信息，该第三信息指的是终端设备的实际位置信息，第三信息具体可以指示如下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备在所述目标小区中接入的波束；所述终端设备在寻呼成功时的位置信息；所述终端设备在寻呼成功之前的位置信息。
可选的，该第三信息或称第三信息指示的内容可以用于对S801或S802中描述的预测模型进行更新，通过这样的设计能够提升预测准确性。一种可能的实现中，更新后的预测模型可以用于预测终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置，在此实现中，可以理解第三信息用于预测终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置。如图8示意，第一接入设备在执行S805之后，还可以执行如下步骤S806。
S806，第一接入网设备根据第三信息，对预测模型进行更新。
具体地，第一接入网设备可以根据该第三信息指示的内容，对其使用的预测模型进行强化学习，实现对预测模型的更新。
一种可能的实现中，第一接入网设备根据第三信息，对终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置进行预测。即第一接入网设备首先根据第三信息更新预测模型，再利用更新后 的预测模型，对终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置进行预测。
S807，第一接入网设备在除目标小区之外，终端设备当前所在的TA中的小区内对终端设备进行寻呼。
具体地，该步骤可参照相关技术中终端设备处于去激活态，接入网设备(锚点基站)触发的寻呼流程执行，第一接入网设备进行的寻呼范围可以具体为在TA中配置的RNA包括的小区。本公开对此不再进行赘述。
假设终端设备当前所在TA中一个小区内对终端设备的寻呼成功，将该小区所属的接入网设备记作第三接入网设备。该第三接入网设备可以向核心网网元反馈寻呼成功的相关信息。具体地，可以按照S607中描述的理解。
S808，第三接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送第二寻呼响应消息，该第二寻呼响应消息用于指示在第三接入网设备管理的小区内对终端设备的寻呼成功。可选的，第三接入网设备可以将终端设备实际接入的小区以及在该小区中实际接入的波束，寻呼成功时以及寻呼成功之前的实际位置等通知给第一接入网设备。例如，第三接入网设备可以在第二寻呼响应消息中包括第四信息，该第四信息指的是终端设备的实际位置信息，第四信息具体可以指示如下中的一个或多个：所述终端设备接入的小区；所述终端设备在其接入小区中接入的波束；所述终端设备在寻呼成功时的位置信息；所述终端设备在寻呼成功之前的位置信息。
可选的，第四信息或称第四信息指示的内容可以用于对S601或S602中描述的预测模型进行更新，通过这样的设计能够提升预测准确性。一种可能的实现中，更新后的预测模型可以用于预测终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置，在此实现中，可以理解第四信息用于预测终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置。如图8示意，在执行S808之后还可以执行如下步骤S809:
S809，第一接入网设备根据第四信息，对预测模型进行更新。
示例性的，在第一接入网设备使用预测模型推导出终端设备在第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置的情况下，如果第一寻呼响应消息指示对终端设备的寻呼成功，则第一接入网设备可以根据该第三信息指示的内容，对其使用的预测模型进行强化学习，实现对预测模型的更新。或者如果第一寻呼响应消息指示对终端设备的寻呼失败，而第二寻呼响应消息指示对终端设备的寻呼成功，则第一接入网设备可以根据该第四信息指示的内容，对其使用的预测模型进行强化学习，实现对预测模型的更新。
一种可能的实现中，第一接入网设备根据第四信息，对终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置进行预测。即第一接入网设备首先根据第四信息更新预测模型，再利用更新后的预测模型，对终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置进行预测。
本公开提供的上述方案三，引入对终端设备的历史轨迹信息和预测轨迹信息，辅助接入网设备筛选出更精确进行终端设备寻呼的目标小区(或称寻呼小区)，可以降低寻呼相关信令开销和时延，提升寻呼效率以及准确率。且基于寻呼成功的终端设备的实际位置信息更新预测模型，能够提升对终端设备的轨迹预测的准确度。一种可能的设计中，上述方案三可以用于对处于去激活态的终端设备进行寻呼的场景。
基于同一构思，参见图9，本公开提供了一种通信装置900，该通信装置900包括处理模块901和通信模块902。该通信装置900可以是核心网网元，也可以是应用于核心网 网元或者和核心网网元匹配使用，能够实现核心网网元侧执行的寻呼方法的通信装置；或者，该通信装置900可以是第一接入网设备，也可以是应用于第一接入网设备或者和第一接入网设备匹配使用，能够实现第一接入网设备侧执行的寻呼方法的通信装置；或者，该通信装置900可以是第二接入网设备，也可以是应用于第二接入网设备或者和第二接入网设备匹配使用，能够实现第二接入网设备侧执行的寻呼方法的通信装置。
其中，通信模块也可以称为收发模块、收发器、收发机、或收发装置等。处理模块也可以称为处理器，处理单板，处理单元、或处理装置等。可选的，通信模块用于执行上述方法中核心网网元侧或第一接入网设备侧的发送操作和接收操作，可以将通信模块中用于实现接收功能的器件视为接收单元，将通信模块中用于实现发送功能的器件视为发送单元，即通信模块包括接收单元和发送单元。
该通信装置900应用于核心网网元时，处理模块901可用于实现图6～图8所述示例中所述核心网网元的处理功能，通信模块902可用于实现图6～图8所述示例中所述核心网网元的收发功能。或者也可以参照发明内容中第三方面以及第三方面中可能的设计理解该通信装置。
该通信装置900应用于第一接入网设备时，处理模块901可用于实现图6～图8所述示例中所述第一接入网设备的处理功能，通信模块902可用于实现图6～图8所述示例中所述第一接入网设备的收发功能。或者也可以参照发明内容中第三方面以及第三方面中可能的设计理解该通信装置。
该通信装置900应用于第二接入网设备时，处理模块901可用于实现图6～图8所述示例中所述第二接入网设备的处理功能，通信模块902可用于实现图6～图8所述示例中所述第二接入网设备的收发功能。或者也可以参照发明内容中第四方面以及第四方面中可能的设计理解该通信装置。
此外需要说明的是，前述通信模块和/或处理模块可通过虚拟模块实现，例如处理模块可通过软件功能单元或虚拟装置实现，通信模块可以通过软件功能或虚拟装置实现。或者，处理模块或通信模块也可以通过实体装置实现，例如若该装置采用芯片/芯片电路实现，所述通信模块可以是输入输出电路和/或通信接口，执行输入操作(对应前述接收操作)、输出操作(对应前述发送操作)；处理模块为集成的处理器或者微处理器或者集成电路。
本公开中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，另外，在本公开各个示例中的各功能模块可以集成在一个处理器中，也可以是单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上模块集成在一个模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。
基于相同的技术构思，本公开还提供了一种通信装置1000。例如，该通信装置1000可以是芯片或者芯片系统。可选的，在本公开中芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
通信装置1000可用于实现前述示例描述的通信系统中任一网元的功能。通信装置1000可以包括至少一个处理器1010，该处理器1010与存储器耦合，可选的，存储器可以位于该装置之内，存储器可以和处理器集成在一起，存储器也可以位于该装置之外。例如，通信装置1000还可以包括至少一个存储器1020。存储器1020保存实施上述任一示例中必要计算机程序、计算机程序或指令和/或数据；处理器1010可能执行存储器1020中存储的计 算机程序，完成上述任一示例中的方法。
通信装置1000中还可以包括通信接口1030，通信装置1000可以通过通信接口1030和其它设备进行信息交互。示例性的，所述通信接口1030可以是收发器、电路、总线、模块、管脚或其它类型的通信接口。当该通信装置1000为芯片类的装置或者电路时，该装置1000中的通信接口1030也可以是输入输出电路，可以输入信息(或称，接收信息)和输出信息(或称，发送信息)，处理器为集成的处理器或者微处理器或者集成电路或则逻辑电路，处理器可以根据输入信息确定输出信息。
本公开中的耦合是装置、单元或模块之间的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式，用于装置、单元或模块之间的信息交互。处理器1010可能和存储器1020、通信接口1030协同操作。本公开中不限定上述处理器1010、存储器1020以及通信接口1030之间的具体连接介质。
可选的，参见图10，所述处理器1010、所述存储器1020以及所述通信接口1030之间通过总线1040相互连接。所述总线1040可以是外设部件互连标准(peripheral component interconnect，PCI)总线或扩展工业标准结构(extended industry standard architecture，EISA)总线等。所述总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图10中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
在本公开中，处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器、专用集成电路、现场可编程门阵列或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件，可以实现或者执行本公开中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者任何常规的处理器等。结合本公开所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。
在本公开中，存储器可以是非易失性存储器，比如硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(solid-state drive，SSD)等，还可以是易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(random-access memory，RAM)。存储器是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。本公开中的存储器还可以是电路或者其它任意能够实现存储功能的装置，用于存储程序指令和/或数据。
在一种可能的实施方式中，该通信装置1000可以应用于第一接入网设备，具体通信装置1000可以是第一接入网设备，也可以是能够支持第一接入网设备，实现上述涉及的任一示例中第一接入网设备的功能的装置。存储器1020保存实现上述任一示例中的第一接入网设备的功能的计算机程序(或指令)和/或数据。处理器1010可执行存储器1020存储的计算机程序，完成上述任一示例中第一接入网设备执行的方法。应用于第一接入网设备，该通信装置1000中的通信接口可用于与终端设备进行交互，向终端设备发送信息或者接收来自终端设备的信息。
在另一种可能的实施方式中，该通信装置1000可以应用于核心网网元，具体通信装置1000可以是核心网网元，也可以是能够支持核心网网元，实现上述涉及的任一示例中核心网网元的功能的装置。存储器1020保存实现上述任一示例中的核心网网元的功能的计算机程序(或指令)和/或数据。处理器1010可执行存储器1020存储的计算机程序，完成上述任一示例中核心网网元执行的方法。应用于核心网网元，该通信装置1000中的通信接口可用于与第一接入网设备或第二接入网设备进行交互，向第一接入网设备或第二接 入网设备发送信息或者接收来自第一接入网设备或第二接入网设备的信息。
由于本示例提供的通信装置1000可应用于第一接入网设备，完成上述第一接入网设备执行的方法，或者应用于第二入网设备，完成上述第二接入网设备执行的方法，或者应用于核心网网元，完成核心网网元执行的方法。因此其所能获得的技术效果可参考上述方法示例，在此不再赘述。
本公开提供的技术方案可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本公开所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、终端设备、接入网设备或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机可以存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质等。
在本公开中，在无逻辑矛盾的前提下，各示例之间可以相互引用，例如方法实施例之间的方法和/或术语可以相互引用，例如装置实施例之间的功能和/或术语可以相互引用，例如装置示例和方法示例之间的功能和/或术语可以相互引用。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本公开进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本公开的范围。这样，倘若本公开的这些修改和变型属于本公开权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本公开也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (32)

  1. 一种寻呼方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示终端设备的运动轨迹；其中，所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括所述终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置和/或所述终端设备在所述第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置，所述N1和所述N2为正整数；所述第一时刻为所述终端设备从连接态变化为非连接态或去激活态的时刻；
    根据所述第一信息，确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置；其中，所述第二时刻晚于所述第一时刻；
    在第二时刻向目标小区所属的接入网设备发送寻呼消息；其中，所述寻呼消息中包括用于指示所述目标小区的信息，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标小区。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取第一信息，包括：
    在所述第一时刻之前，从为所述终端设备提供服务的接入网设备中获取所述终端设备的上下文释放消息，所述上行文释放消息中包括所述第一信息。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取第一信息，包括:
    在所述第一时刻之前，接收来自所述终端设备的所述第一信息。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在根据所述第一信息，确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置，包括：
    当所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括所述N1个历史位置时，根据所述终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置，确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置；或者，
    当所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括所述N2个预测位置时，在所述N2个预测位置中确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标小区中目标波束的覆盖范围，所述寻呼消息中包括用于指示所述目标波束的信息。
  6. 如权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在所述第二时刻向所述目标小区所属的接入网设备发送第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示所述终端设备在所述第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置，所述第二信息用于确定所述目标小区中的目标波束，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标波束的覆盖范围。
  7. 如权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    接收来自所述目标小区所属的接入网设备的第一寻呼响应消息，所述第一寻呼响应消息用于指示对所述终端设备的寻呼成功，所述第一寻呼响应消息中包括第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示如下中的一个或多个：
    所述终端设备在所述目标小区中接入的波束；
    所述终端设备在寻呼成功时的位置信息；
    所述终端设备在寻呼成功之前的位置信息。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述第三信息，对所述终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置进行预测。
  9. 一种寻呼方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取寻呼消息，所述寻呼消息中包括用于指示目标小区的信息，所述目标小区是根据终端设备的运动轨迹确定的；其中，所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括所述终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置和/或所述终端设备在所述第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置，所述N1和所述N2为正整数，所述第一时刻为所述终端设备从连接态变化为非连接态或去激活态的时刻，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标小区，所述第二时刻晚于所述第一时刻；
    根据所述寻呼消息，在所述目标小区内对所述终端设备进行寻呼。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述寻呼消息中包括用于指示目标波束的信息，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标波束的覆盖范围。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    获取第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示所述终端设备在所述第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置；
    根据所述第二信息，确定所述目标小区中的目标波束，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标波束的覆盖范围。
  12. 如权利要求10或11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述在所述目标小区内进行对所述终端设备的寻呼，包括：
    在所述目标小区的所述目标波束的覆盖范围内进行对所述终端设备的寻呼。
  13. 如权利要求9-12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    发送寻呼响应消息，所述寻呼响应消息用于指示对所述终端设备的寻呼成功，所述寻呼响应消息中包括第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示如下中的一个或多个：
    所述终端设备在所述目标小区中接入的波束；
    所述终端设备在寻呼成功时的位置信息；
    所述终端设备在寻呼成功之前的位置信息。
  14. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括通信模块和处理模块；
    所述通信模块，用于获取第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示终端设备的运动轨迹；其中，所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括所述终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置和/或所述终端设备在所述第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置，所述N1和所述N2为正整数；所述第一时刻为所述终端设备从连接态变化为非连接态或去激活态的时刻；
    所述处理模块，用于：
    根据所述第一信息，确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置；其中，所述第二时刻晚于所述第一时刻；
    通过所述通信模块在第二时刻向目标小区所属的接入网设备发送寻呼消息；其中，所述寻呼消息中包括用于指示所述目标小区的信息，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标小区。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信模块，具体用于：
    在所述第一时刻之前，从为所述终端设备提供服务的接入网设备中获取所述终端设备的上下文释放消息，所述上行文释放消息中包括所述第一信息。
  16. 如权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信模块，具体用于：
    在所述第一时刻之前，接收来自所述终端设备的所述第一信息。
  17. 如权利要求14-16任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，处理模块，具体用于：
    当所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括所述N1个历史位置时，根据所述终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置，确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置；或者，
    当所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括所述N2个预测位置时，在所述N2个预测位置中确定所述终端设备在第二时刻的预测位置。
  18. 如权利要求14-17任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标小区中目标波束的覆盖范围，所述寻呼消息中包括用于指示所述目标波束的信息。
  19. 如权利要求14-17任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块，还用于：
    通过所述通信模块在所述第二时刻向所述目标小区所属的接入网设备发送第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示所述终端设备在所述第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置，所述第二信息用于确定所述目标小区中的目标波束，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标波束的覆盖范围。
  20. 如权利要求14-19任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信模块，还用于：
    接收来自所述目标小区所属的接入网设备的第一寻呼响应消息，所述第一寻呼响应消息用于指示对所述终端设备的寻呼成功，所述第一寻呼响应消息中包括第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示如下中的一个或多个：
    所述终端设备在所述目标小区中接入的波束；
    所述终端设备在寻呼成功时的位置信息；
    所述终端设备在寻呼成功之前的位置信息。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块，还用于：
    根据所述第三信息，对所述终端设备在寻呼成功之后的位置进行预测。
  22. 一种寻呼装置，其特征在于，包括通信模块和处理模块；
    所述通信模块，用于获取寻呼消息，所述寻呼消息中包括用于指示目标小区的信息，所述目标小区是根据终端设备的运动轨迹确定的；其中，所述终端设备的运动轨迹包括所述终端设备在第一时刻之前的N1个历史位置和/或所述终端设备在所述第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置，所述N1和所述N2为正整数，所述第一时刻为所述终端设备从连接态变化为非连接态或去激活态的时刻，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标小区，所述第二时刻晚于所述第一时刻；
    所述处理模块，用于根据所述寻呼消息，在所述目标小区内对所述终端设备进行寻呼。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述寻呼消息中包括用于指示目标波束的信息，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标波束的覆盖范围。
  24. 如权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述通信模块，还用于获取第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示所述终端设备在所述第一时刻之后的N2个预测位置；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述第二信息，确定所述目标小区中的目标波束，所述终端设备在所述第二时刻的预测位置位于所述目标波束的覆盖范围。
  25. 如权利要求23或24所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块，还用于：
    在所述目标小区的所述目标波束的覆盖范围内进行对所述终端设备的寻呼。
  26. 如权利要求22-25任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块，还用于：
    通过所述通信模块发送寻呼响应消息，所述寻呼响应消息用于指示对所述终端设备的寻呼成功，所述寻呼响应消息中包括第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示如下中的一个或多个：
    所述终端设备在所述目标小区中接入的波束；
    所述终端设备在寻呼成功时的位置信息；
    所述终端设备在寻呼成功之前的位置信息。
  27. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理器，所述处理器和存储器耦合，所述处理器用于调用所述存储器存储的计算机程序指令，以执行如权利要求1-8任一项所述的方法。
  28. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理器，所述处理器和存储器耦合，所述处理器用于调用所述存储器存储的计算机程序指令，以执行如权利要求9-13任一项所述的方法。
  29. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括权利要求14-21以及27中任一项所述的通信装置，以及权利要求22-26以及27中任一项所述的通信装置。
  30. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有指令，当所述指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1-8任一项所述的方法或者如权利要求9-13任一项所述的方法。
  31. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，包括指令，当所述指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1-8任一项所述的方法或者如权利要求9-13任一项所述的方法。
  32. 一种芯片，其特征在于，所述芯片用于读取存储器中存储的计算机程序，执行如权利要求1-8任一项所述的方法或者如权利要求9-13任一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2023/095789 2022-05-25 2023-05-23 一种寻呼方法及通信装置 Ceased WO2023226981A1 (zh)

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