WO2023227108A1 - 双向电源装置及系统 - Google Patents

双向电源装置及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023227108A1
WO2023227108A1 PCT/CN2023/096524 CN2023096524W WO2023227108A1 WO 2023227108 A1 WO2023227108 A1 WO 2023227108A1 CN 2023096524 W CN2023096524 W CN 2023096524W WO 2023227108 A1 WO2023227108 A1 WO 2023227108A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
energy
power supply
energy storage
bidirectional
power
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/096524
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱宏
高庆
陈明阳
黄河
鲁志健
肖怡文
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nanjing Chervon Industry Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nanjing Chervon Industry Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nanjing Chervon Industry Co Ltd filed Critical Nanjing Chervon Industry Co Ltd
Priority to CA3257168A priority Critical patent/CA3257168A1/en
Priority to AU2023274779A priority patent/AU2023274779B2/en
Priority to EP23811178.5A priority patent/EP4492668A4/en
Publication of WO2023227108A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023227108A1/zh
Priority to US18/913,304 priority patent/US12525888B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy using batteries or super capacitors with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/855—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4233—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a bridge converter comprising active switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33571—Half-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2105/00—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2105/30—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles
    • H02J2105/33—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles exchanging power with road vehicles
    • H02J2105/37—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles exchanging power with road vehicles exchanging power with electric vehicles [EV] or with hybrid electric vehicles [HEV]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/342—The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging

Definitions

  • the present application relates to an energy device, for example, to a bidirectional power supply device and system.
  • a charger When using AC mains power to charge a battery pack, a charger is required to convert energy into the AC power.
  • an inverter When the battery pack is used as a power source for AC power equipment, an inverter is required to convert the energy in the battery pack.
  • an inverter that outputs energy to a load or a charger that outputs charging energy to a battery pack can only output energy in one direction.
  • This application provides a bidirectional power supply device and system that can realize bidirectional flow of energy.
  • An energy device includes: a load interface for connecting to a load; a first power interface for connecting to an AC power source; a second power interface including a battery connection terminal suitable for connecting to a battery pack; an energy conversion circuit that can When the AC power supply and the battery pack are connected, charging energy is provided for the battery pack, or when the battery pack and the load are connected, discharging energy is provided for the load.
  • An energy device including: a load interface for connecting to a load; a power interface for connecting to an AC power supply and/or a battery pack; and an energy conversion circuit that can be used when the AC power supply and the battery pack are connected.
  • the battery pack provides charging energy, or provides discharge energy for the load when the battery pack and the load are connected; the charging power of the energy device that provides the charging energy is greater than or equal to 50W and less than Equal to 8KW; the discharge power provided by the energy device to provide the discharge energy is greater than or equal to 50W and less than or equal to 8KW.
  • An energy device including: a load interface for connecting to a load; a power interface for connecting to an AC power supply and/or a battery pack; and an energy conversion circuit that can be used when the AC power supply and the battery pack are connected.
  • the battery pack provides charging energy, or provides discharge energy for the load when the battery pack and the load are connected; the charging current of the energy device that provides the charging energy is greater than or equal to 1A and less than or equal to 150A; so The energy device provides the discharge energy with a discharge current greater than or equal to 1A and less than or equal to 150A.
  • An energy device includes: a housing; a load interface for connecting to a load; a first power interface for connecting to an AC power supply; a second power interface for connecting to the first energy storage device; a second An energy storage device is provided in the housing to store electrical energy; an energy conversion circuit can be electrically connected to the load interface, the first power interface, the second power interface and the second energy storage device, Perform multiple energy conversions on the accessed electric energy, and provide the converted electric energy to the second power interface, the load interface, or the second energy storage device.
  • An energy device includes: a load interface for connecting to a load; a first power interface for connecting to an AC power source; a second power interface including a battery connection terminal suitable for connecting to a battery pack; an energy conversion circuit having A first circuit end and a second circuit end; wherein the first circuit end is electrically connected to one or two of the load interface, the first power interface and the second power interface, and the second The circuit end is electrically connected to at least one of the remaining interfaces; the energy conversion circuit can perform multiple energy conversions on the incoming electric energy, and output the electric energy provided to the first circuit end and the electric energy provided to the second circuit end.
  • An energy device includes: a load interface for connecting to a load; a first power interface for connecting to an AC power source; a second power interface including a battery connection terminal suitable for connecting to a battery pack; an energy transformer A switching circuit having a first circuit end and a second circuit end; wherein the first circuit end is electrically connected to one or two of the load interface, the first power interface and the second power interface, The second circuit terminal is electrically connected to at least one of the remaining interfaces; the energy conversion circuit can perform a variety of energy conversions on the accessed electric energy, and outputs the electric energy provided to the first circuit terminal and the electric energy provided to the second circuit terminal. Electric energy at the circuit end; the output power when the energy device provides the electric energy is greater than or equal to 50W and less than or equal to 8KW.
  • An energy device includes: a load interface for connecting to a load; a first power interface for connecting to an AC power source; a second power interface including a battery connection terminal suitable for connecting to a battery pack; an energy conversion circuit having A first circuit end and a second circuit end; wherein the first circuit end is electrically connected to one or two of the load interface, the first power interface and the second power interface, and the second The circuit end is electrically connected to at least one of the remaining interfaces; the energy conversion circuit can perform multiple energy conversions on the accessed electric energy, and output the electric energy provided to the first circuit end and the electric energy provided to the second circuit end; When the energy device provides the energy, the output current is greater than or equal to 1A and less than or equal to 150A.
  • An energy device includes: a casing; a load interface for connecting to a load; an external power interface for connecting to AC power and a first energy storage device, and for connecting to the first energy storage device; internal A power interface for accessing a second energy storage device arranged in the housing; an energy conversion circuit having a first circuit end and a second circuit end; wherein the first circuit end is connected to the load interface and the At least one of the external power interface and the internal power interface is electrically connected, and the second circuit end is electrically connected to at least one of the remaining interfaces; the energy conversion circuit can perform multiple energy conversions on the accessed electric energy, Electrical energy provided to the first circuit terminal and electric energy provided to the second circuit terminal are output.
  • An energy system including: a load; a battery pack, used to provide DC power supply; an AC power supply, used to provide AC power supply; an energy device, at least including: a load interface, used to connect to the load; The first power interface is used to access the AC power supply; the second power interface includes battery connection terminals suitable for connecting to the battery pack; the energy device can output power supply energy in different flow directions to provide the Battery pack or the load is powered.
  • An energy system including: a load; a first energy storage device to store electrical energy; an AC power supply to provide AC power supply; an energy device, the first energy storage device, the AC power supply and the load At least two of them are electrically connected; a control unit, at least connected to the energy device, can control the energy device to produce a variety of energy conversion states; wherein the energy device outputs different flow directions in different energy conversion states. Electric energy; the output power when the energy device provides the energy is greater than or equal to 50W and less than or equal to 8KW.
  • An energy system including: a load; a first energy storage device to store electrical energy; an AC power supply to provide AC power supply; an energy device, the first energy storage device, the AC power supply and the load At least two of them are electrically connected; a control unit, at least connected to the energy device, can control the energy device to produce a variety of energy conversion states; wherein the energy device outputs different flow directions in different energy conversion states. Electric energy; the output current when the energy device provides the energy is greater than or equal to 1A and less than or equal to 150A.
  • An energy device including: a casing; a load interface for connecting to a load; a power interface for connecting to AC power and/or a first energy storage device; a second energy storage device disposed in the casing, To store electrical energy; the energy device is used to output charging current or discharging current in different flow directions to provide electrical energy to the first energy storage device or the second energy storage device or the load.
  • a kind of walking equipment including: a main machine; a traveling wheel set, including a walking wheel supporting the main machine; a functional component installed on the main machine for the walking equipment to perform accessory functions; an energy storage device for storing energy ; An energy device that can be installed on the host machine and can be connected to AC power to charge the energy storage device, or convert the energy in the energy storage device to power the walking equipment or other equipment. of electric equipment.
  • An energy device including: a load interface for connecting to a load; a power interface for connecting to an AC power supply and/or a battery pack; and an energy conversion circuit that can be used when the AC power supply and the battery pack are connected.
  • the battery pack provides charging energy, or provides discharging energy to the load when the battery pack and the load are connected; wherein the energy conversion circuit includes a bidirectional DC-DC module, an inverter module and a PFC module.
  • An energy device including: a load interface for connecting to a load; a power interface for connecting to an AC power supply and/or a battery pack; and an energy conversion circuit that can be used when the AC power supply and the battery pack are connected.
  • the battery pack provides charging energy, or provides discharge energy for the load when the battery pack and the load are connected; wherein the energy conversion circuit includes two single-phase DC-DC modules and a bidirectional inverter module. .
  • An energy device including: a casing; a load interface for connecting to a load; a power interface for connecting to AC power and/or a first energy storage device; a second energy storage device disposed in the casing, To store electrical energy; the energy conversion circuit can provide charging energy for the first energy storage device and/or the second energy storage device when the AC power supply is connected, or when the first energy storage device is connected and/or the second energy storage device provides discharge energy for the load; wherein the energy conversion circuit includes a bidirectional DC-DC module, an inverter module and a PFC module.
  • An energy device including: a casing; a load interface for connecting to a load; a power interface for connecting to AC power and/or a first energy storage device; a second energy storage device disposed in the casing, To store electrical energy; the energy conversion circuit can provide charging energy for the first energy storage device and/or the second energy storage device when the AC power supply is connected, or when the first energy storage device is connected and/or the second energy storage device provides discharge energy for the load; wherein the energy conversion circuit includes two single-phase DC-DC modules and a bidirectional inverter module.
  • a bidirectional power supply device including: an alternating current input terminal configured to input alternating current to the bidirectional power supply device; an alternating current output terminal configured to output alternating current power to an alternating current device; a direct current input or output terminal configured to at least be able to operate on the bidirectional power supply
  • Direct current is transmitted bidirectionally between the device and the direct current equipment; a bidirectional energy conversion module is configured to at least perform a variety of energy conversions on the electric energy input to the bidirectional power supply device; a power management module is configured to at least communicate with the alternating current input end and the alternating current output end.
  • the terminal is electrically connected to the DC input or output terminal; the power management module is configured to: control the bidirectional energy according to the port connection status of the AC input terminal or the AC output terminal or the DC input or output terminal.
  • the energy conversion method of the conversion module is provided.
  • a bidirectional power supply device includes: a casing; an alternating current input terminal configured to input alternating current to the bidirectional power supply device; an alternating current output terminal configured to output alternating current to an alternating current device; a direct current input or output terminal configured to at least be able to Direct current is transmitted bidirectionally between the bidirectional power supply device and the direct current device, wherein the direct current device at least includes a third energy storage device capable of storing electrical energy and outputting electrical energy; a bidirectional energy conversion module is configured to at least be capable of converting input to the bidirectional power supply device Electric energy undergoes various energy transformations; a power management module is electrically connected to at least the AC input terminal, the AC output terminal and the DC input or output terminal; the power management module is configured to: according to the AC input terminal Or the port connection status of the AC output end or the DC input or output end controls the energy conversion mode of the bidirectional energy conversion module; the output power of the AC output end and/or the DC input or output end is greater than or equal to 600W. .
  • a bidirectional power supply device includes: a casing; an alternating current input terminal configured to input alternating current to the bidirectional power supply device; an alternating current output terminal configured to output alternating current to an alternating current device; a direct current input or output terminal configured to at least be able to Direct current is transmitted bidirectionally between the bidirectional power supply device and the direct current equipment; the bidirectional energy conversion module is configured to at least perform multiple energy conversions on the electric energy input to the bidirectional power supply device; the power management module is at least connected to the AC input terminal, so The AC output terminal and the DC input or output terminal is electrically connected; wherein, the DC equipment includes at least a third energy storage device; the bidirectional power supply device also includes a fourth energy storage device disposed in the housing; the power management module Configured to control the discharge mode of the third energy storage device and the fourth energy storage device.
  • a bidirectional power supply device includes: a casing; an alternating current input terminal configured to input alternating current to the bidirectional power supply device; an alternating current output terminal configured to output alternating current to an alternating current device; a direct current input or output terminal configured to at least be able to Direct current is transmitted bidirectionally between the bidirectional power supply device and the direct current equipment; the bidirectional energy conversion module is configured to at least perform multiple energy conversions on the electric energy input to the bidirectional power supply device; the power management module is at least connected to the AC input terminal, so The alternating current output terminal is electrically connected to the direct current input or output terminal; wherein the direct current equipment includes at least a third energy storage device; the bidirectional power supply device also includes a fourth energy storage device disposed in the housing; The power management module is configured to control the charging of the third energy storage device and the fourth energy storage device according to the situation that the AC input terminal and the DC input or output terminal are connected to the charging power source.
  • a power supply device system includes: a plurality of bidirectional power supply devices; the bidirectional power supply device includes: at least one electric energy input terminal configured to input electric energy to the bidirectional power supply device; at least one electric energy output terminal configured to output electric energy to the user Electrical equipment; a bidirectional energy conversion module configured to at least perform a variety of energy conversions on the electric energy input to the bidirectional power supply device; wherein at least one of the electric energy output terminals of at least two of the bidirectional power supply devices outputs electric energy after being electrically coupled .
  • a bidirectional power supply device including: a casing; at least one power input terminal configured to input power to the bidirectional power device; at least one power output terminal configured to output power to electrical equipment; a bidirectional energy conversion module configured to At least it can perform multiple energy transformations on the electric energy input to the bidirectional power supply device; wherein at least one of the electric energy input terminals is connected to a plurality of third energy storage devices in cascade or each of the electric energy input terminals is connected to one of the third energy storage devices. Can be installed.
  • a bidirectional power supply device including: a casing; at least one electric energy input terminal configured to input electric energy To the bidirectional power supply device; at least one electric energy output terminal is configured to output electric energy to electrical equipment; a bidirectional energy conversion module is configured to at least perform multiple energy conversions on the electric energy input to the bidirectional power supply device; wherein, the The bidirectional power supply device can be detachably cascaded with at least one capacity expansion device; the capacity expansion device has at least one built-in third energy storage device.
  • a bidirectional power supply device including: a device main body; the device main body includes: a fourth energy storage device built into the device main body; at least one electric energy input terminal configured to input electric energy to the bidirectional power supply device; at least one electric energy The output end is configured to output electric energy to electrical equipment; the bidirectional energy conversion module is configured to at least perform multiple energy conversions on the electric energy input to the bidirectional power supply device; wherein the bidirectional power supply device further includes: at least one capacity expansion device , can be detachably cascaded to the device body; the capacity expansion device has at least one built-in third energy storage device.
  • a bidirectional power supply device including: a casing; at least one power input terminal configured to input power to the bidirectional power device; at least one power output terminal configured to output power to electrical equipment; a bidirectional energy conversion module configured to At least it can perform a variety of energy transformations on the electric energy input to the bidirectional power supply device; wherein the bidirectional power supply device can be detachably cascaded with at least one capacity expansion device; the capacity expansion device has at least one built-in third energy storage device; the capacity expansion device The electrical parameters of the plurality of third energy storage devices are different.
  • Figure 1a is a schematic structural diagram of an energy system in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIGS 1b-1d are possible load structure diagrams in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy device in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIGS 3 to 5 are schematic diagrams of three connection relationships of energy devices in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6a is a schematic diagram of the circuit architecture of the energy conversion circuit in one embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6b is a schematic diagram of an energy conversion circuit composed of multiple energy conversion units in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another energy conversion circuit composed of multiple energy conversion units in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a three-stage conversion circuit in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a circuit diagram of the SST circuit in Figure 8.
  • Figures 10a-10d are circuit state diagrams of the SST circuit in Figure 8 when the energy device is in the boost inverter mode;
  • Figure 10e is a timing diagram of the SST circuit in Figure 8 when the energy device is in the boost inverter mode
  • Figures 10f to 10i are circuit state diagrams of the SST circuit in Figure 8 when the energy device is in the rectifier charging mode
  • Figure 10j is a timing diagram of the SST circuit in Figure 8 when the energy device is in the rectifier charging mode
  • FIG 11 is a circuit diagram of the Buck ⁇ Boost circuit in Figure 8.
  • FIGS 12a and 12b are circuit state diagrams of the Buck ⁇ Boost circuit in Figure 8 when the energy device is in the boost inverter mode;
  • Figure 12c is the timing diagram of the Buck ⁇ Boost circuit in Figure 8 when the energy device is in the boost inverter mode
  • Figure 12d and Figure 12e are circuit state diagrams of the Buck ⁇ Boost circuit in Figure 8 when the energy device is in the rectifier charging mode;
  • Figure 12f is the timing diagram of the Buck ⁇ Boost circuit in Figure 8 when the energy device is in the rectifier charging mode
  • Figure 13 is another circuit diagram of the Buck ⁇ Boost circuit in Figure 8.
  • FIGS 14a-14d are circuit state diagrams of the Buck ⁇ Boost circuit in Figure 8;
  • Figure 14e is the timing diagram of the Buck ⁇ Boost circuit in Figure 8.
  • Figure 15 is a circuit diagram of the inverter ⁇ PFC circuit in Figure 8.
  • Figures 16a-16d are circuit state diagrams of the inverter ⁇ PFC circuit in Figure 8 when the energy device is in the boost inverter mode;
  • Figure 16e is the timing diagram of the inverter ⁇ PFC circuit in Figure 8 when the energy device is in the boost inverter mode;
  • Figures 17a-17d are a circuit state diagram of the inverter ⁇ PFC circuit in Figure 8 when the energy device is in the boost inverter mode;
  • Figure 17e is a timing diagram of the inverter ⁇ PFC circuit in Figure 8 when the energy device is in the boost inverter mode;
  • Figure 18 is a circuit diagram of the inverter ⁇ PFC circuit in Figure 8.
  • Figures 19a-19d are circuit state diagrams of the inverter ⁇ PFC circuit in Figure 8 when the energy device is in the rectifier charging mode;
  • Figure 19e is the timing diagram of the inverter ⁇ PFC circuit in Figure 8 when the energy device is in the rectifier charging mode
  • Figure 20 is the double closed-loop control block diagram of the PFC circuit
  • Figure 21a and Figure 21b are current loop control block diagrams in the PFC circuit
  • Figure 22 is a block diagram of the current loop control in the PFC circuit with feedforward decoupling
  • Figure 23 is the double closed-loop control block diagram of the PFC circuit after determining the current loop transfer function
  • Figure 24 is the double-closed-loop control block diagram of the PFC circuit after substituting parameters
  • Figure 25 is a double-closed-loop control block diagram of a PFC circuit with an additional stage of gain decoupling
  • Figure 26 is a double closed-loop control block diagram of a PFC circuit with two-stage gain decoupling
  • Figure 27 is an LLC circuit diagram
  • Figure 28 is a two-stage LLC circuit diagram
  • Figure 29 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage conversion circuit in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 30 is a circuit diagram of the DAB circuit in Figure 8.
  • Figure 31 is a structural schematic diagram of the energy conversion circuit in the energy device
  • Figure 32 is another structural schematic diagram of the energy conversion circuit in the energy device.
  • Figure 33 is a schematic diagram of an ecosystem of the bidirectional power supply device in this embodiment.
  • Figure 34 is a circuit diagram of a bidirectional power supply device in this embodiment.
  • Figure 35 is a circuit diagram of a bidirectional power supply device in this embodiment.
  • Figures 36a to 36d are schematic diagrams of the charging process of the energy storage device in this embodiment.
  • Figure 37 is a circuit diagram of the power transmission path in this embodiment.
  • Figure 38 is another circuit diagram of the power transmission path in this embodiment.
  • Figure 39 is a circuit diagram of a bidirectional power supply device stack in this embodiment.
  • Figures 40a and 40b are schematic structural diagrams of the bidirectional power supply device stack shown in Figure 39;
  • Figure 41 is a circuit diagram of a bidirectional power supply device stack in this embodiment.
  • Figure 42 is a schematic structural diagram of the bidirectional power supply device stack shown in Figure 41;
  • Figure 43 is an exploded view of the bidirectional power supply device stack shown in Figure 41;
  • Figure 44 is an exploded view from one angle of the bidirectional power supply device stack shown in Figure 41;
  • the load to which the technical solution of the present application is applicable may be an electric tool, and the electric tool may be a handheld power tool, such as a drill, a pruner, a sander, etc.
  • the power tool may also be a bench-type tool, such as a table saw, a miter saw, etc.
  • the power tool may also be a hand-push power tool, such as a hand-push lawn mower or a hand-push snowplow.
  • the power tool may be a ride-on power tool, such as a ride-on lawn mower, a ride-on vehicle, an all-terrain vehicle, or the like.
  • the electric tool may also be a robotic tool, such as a lawn mower robot, a snow clearing robot, etc.
  • the electric tool can be an electric drill, an electric light, an electric vehicle, etc.
  • the electric tool may also be a garden tool, such as a pruner, a hair dryer, a lawn mower, a chain saw, etc.
  • the power tool can be an upholstery tool such as a screwdriver, nail gun, circular saw, sander, etc.
  • the power tool may also be a vegetation care tool, such as a lawn trimmer, a lawn mower, a pruner, a chain saw, etc.
  • the power tool can also be a cleaning tool, such as a hair dryer, snow blower, cleaning machine, etc.
  • the electric tool may also be a drilling tool, such as a drill, screwdriver, wrench, electric hammer, etc.
  • the electric tool may also be a saw tool, such as a reciprocating saw, a jigsaw, a circular saw, etc.
  • the power tool can also be a bench-type tool, such as a table saw, a miter saw, a metal cutting machine, a bakelite mill, etc.
  • the electric tool can also be a grinding tool, such as an angle grinder, a sander, etc.
  • the electric tool can also be other tools, such as a lamp, a fan, etc.
  • the load can also include other types of household electrical equipment.
  • the energy storage device in this application may include a battery pack or a DC power supply.
  • the battery pack, energy storage device, DC power supply and battery may be equivalently replaced, that is, the above names may be understood to be the same. the meaning of.
  • the AC power supply, AC mains power or power grid in this application can also be replaced equally.
  • the DC power supply 10 may be a rechargeable battery pack suitable for electric tools, such as a lithium battery pack, a lithium iron phosphate battery pack, etc.
  • the DC power supply 10 mainly refers to the tool Using a battery pack, the battery pack 10 can be directly used to replace the DC power supply 10 later.
  • the AC power supply 20 may be AC mains power, or AC power accessed through other charging piles or switching devices.
  • the energy device 40 may be a device capable of energy conversion and energy transmission.
  • the energy transmission direction of the energy device 40 is not unique, and the energy transmission direction is related to the type of power supply it is connected to or whether it is connected to a load, and may also be related to the electrical parameters of the power supply or load it is connected to.
  • the energy device 40 can be connected to the above-mentioned DC power supply 10, AC power supply 20 or load 30, so that the energy device 40 can form various connection relationships with the above-mentioned battery pack 10, AC power supply 20 or load 30.
  • the energy device 40 can establish a connection relationship with the battery pack 10 and the AC power supply 20 , or can establish a connection relationship with the battery pack 10 and the load 30 , or can establish a connection relationship with the AC power supply 20 and the load 30 , or can also establish a connection relationship with the battery.
  • the package 10, the AC power supply 20 and the load 30 establish a connection relationship. Under different connection relationships, the energy transmission directions in the energy device 40 may be different.
  • the power provided by the AC power supply 20 can be used to power the load 30 .
  • the power provided by the AC power supply 20 can be used to charge the battery pack 10.
  • the electric energy provided by the battery pack 10 can be used to power the load 30 .
  • the energy device 40 when the energy device 40 is connected to the AC power supply 20 , the battery pack and the load 30 at the same time, it can charge the battery pack and provide power to the electric tool 30 at the same time.
  • one end of the energy device 40 can be connected to a lithium iron phosphate battery pack, and the other end can be connected to a load, so that the lithium iron phosphate battery pack is used to power the load.
  • the energy device 40 can be connected to the lithium iron phosphate battery pack through an adapter, and one end is connected to the load, so that the lithium iron phosphate battery is used to power the load.
  • the energy device 40 can be connected to the lithium iron phosphate battery pack through an adapter, and one end is connected to AC mains power to charge the lithium iron phosphate battery pack.
  • the energy device 40 may be the charger 40 shown in Figure 1b.
  • the first power interface 401a can be connected to AC mains power
  • the second power interface 401b can be connected to a battery pack
  • the load interface 402 can be connected to various types of electric tools or household electric equipment.
  • the second power interface 401b can be a Type-C interface, a USB interface, a Pin interface or a lighting interface.
  • the walking device 300 shown in Figure 1c may be a ride-on garden power tool.
  • the walking equipment 300 may include a main machine 3001, a walking wheel set 3002, functional components 3003, an energy storage device 3004 and an energy device 40.
  • the functional component 3003 may be a lawn mowing component.
  • the functional component may also be a snow sweeping component or a blower component.
  • the energy storage device 3004 can be fixedly installed in the housing at the front end of the walking equipment 300 or detachably installed on the walking equipment 300 .
  • the energy device 40 can be built into the walking equipment 300 , or placed adjacent to the energy storage device 3004 , or the energy storage device 3004 can be placed inside the energy device 40 , or the energy storage device 3004 can be installed at the upper or lower end of the energy device 40 .
  • the energy device 40 can also be detachably installed on the walking equipment 300 .
  • a first power interface 300a and a load interface 300b can be provided outside the walking equipment 300, so that the walking equipment 300 can be directly connected to the AC power grid to charge the energy storage device 3004, or connected to other electric equipment to charge other electric equipment.
  • Powered by electric equipment For example, household water heaters, coffee machines, blenders, etc. can obtain electric energy from the walking equipment 300 directly through the load interface 300b.
  • the outdoor walking equipment shown in Figure 1d can also be an all-terrain vehicle 310, and the energy storage device 3101 and the energy device 3102 can be disposed at the front end of the vehicle body and inside the vehicle cover.
  • the front end of the vehicle may be provided with a first power interface 310a and a load interface 310b, so that the all-terrain vehicle 310 can be directly connected to the AC power grid to charge the energy storage device 3101, or connected to other electric equipment to supply power to other electric equipment.
  • the energy storage device 3101 and the energy device 3102 are arranged near the front running wheel 493, and the energy storage device 3101 is arranged on the upper side of the energy device 3102.
  • energy storage device 3101 and energy device 3102 can also be set Near the rear running wheels.
  • the charging protocol in the energy device 40 can match the charging protocol of the electric vehicle charging pile interface, so that the energy device 40 can be connected to the automobile charging pile to charge tool battery packs or supply power to other loads, such as Powers household electrical appliances, blenders, microwave ovens, etc.
  • the energy device 40 may also have a built-in battery, and the built-in battery may be non-detachably installed in the energy device 40 .
  • the energy device 40 can charge the built-in battery by adding AC mains power.
  • the energy device 40 may use a built-in battery to power the connected load.
  • the built-in battery in the energy device 40 can discharge to the connected external battery pack 10 .
  • the energy transmitted by the energy device 40 under different connection relationships may be charging current or discharging current with different flow directions.
  • the energy device 40 has two power interfaces 401.
  • the second power interface 401b for accessing the battery pack may be a battery connection terminal suitable for connecting to the battery pack.
  • the type of the terminal may match battery packs with various interfaces and match the charging port on the battery pack.
  • the battery connection terminal can be a connection pole piece, a Type-C interface, a wireless charging port, etc.
  • the energy device 40 also has a load interface 402.
  • the load interface 402 may generally be an AC output interface capable of outputting AC power to power the load. That is to say, DC-AC and AC-DC energy conversion can be achieved through the detection device 40 .
  • the energy device 40 can convert the electric energy of the battery pack and provide it to the load 30. energy.
  • the power supply or tool connected to the energy device 40 must be After being determined, the direction of energy flow can also be determined. That is to say, after the current connection relationship of the energy device 40 in the energy system is determined, its internal energy flow direction is determined. Under the above connection relationship, the energy device 40 can convert the electric energy of the AC grid into charging electric energy to charge the battery pack 10.
  • Line 1 in Figure 3 represents the flow direction of the charging current.
  • the energy device 40 can convert the electric energy of the battery pack 10 into discharge electric energy to power the electric tool 30 .
  • Line 2 in FIG. 3 represents the flow direction of the discharge current.
  • the energy device 40 provides charging energy with a charging current greater than or equal to 1A and less than or equal to 150A, and the energy device 40 provides a discharge capability with a discharge current greater than or equal to 1A and less than or equal to 350A.
  • the maximum charging current output by the energy device 40 can fluctuate around 150A, and the maximum discharge current output by the energy device 40 can fluctuate around 350A.
  • the charging current that the energy device 40 can provide is greater than or equal to 25A and less than or equal to 150A
  • the discharge current that the energy device 40 can provide is greater than or equal to 25A and less than or equal to 150A.
  • the charging current is 50A, 60A, 70A, 80A, 90A, 100A, 120A, 130A, 140A, 150A
  • the discharge current is 50A, 60A, 70A, 80A, 90A, 100A, 120A, 130A, 140A, 150A.
  • the charging power provided by the energy device 40 for charging energy is greater than or equal to 50W and less than or equal to 8KW, for example, it can be 50W, 100W, 150W, 200W, 500W, 550W, 1.2KW, 1.5KW, 2KW, 3KW, 4KW, 5KW, 6KW, 7KW, 8KW.
  • the energy device 40 provides discharge energy with a discharge power greater than or equal to 50W and less than or equal to 8KW, for example, it can be 50W, 100W, 150W, 200W, 500W, 550W, 1.2KW, 1.5KW, 2KW, 3KW, 4KW, 5KW, 6KW, 7KW, 8KW.
  • the energy device 40 may be a charger capable of outputting a charging power of greater than or equal to 550W and less than or equal to 8KW.
  • connection relationship shown in Figure 3 may occur in the following scenarios: when the power grid is normal, the power grid can charge the battery pack through the energy device 40; when the power grid is abnormal or in a location where there is no power grid.
  • the battery pack can power the load through the energy device 40.
  • the energy device 40 can be used as a charger or an inverter, and can realize a two-way flow of energy.
  • the energy device 40 can be connected to the AC power grid 20 and the battery pack 10 as described in the above embodiment, and convert the electric energy output by the AC power grid 20 and output it to the battery pack 10 The charging current for charging; or the battery pack 10 and the electric tool 20 are connected, the electric energy output by the battery pack 10 is converted, and then the discharge current is output to power the electric tool 20 .
  • the energy device 40 can also be connected to the AC power grid 20 , the battery pack 10 and the electric tool 30 at the same time.
  • the energy device 40 can convert the electric energy output by the AC power grid 20 into a charging current for charging the battery pack 10 and a discharging current for powering the electric tool 20 . That is to say, in this embodiment, the discharge current output by the energy device 40 may be provided by the AC power grid 20 in addition to the battery pack 10 .
  • connection relationship provided by this embodiment may occur in the following scenarios: when the power grid is normal, the power grid can charge the battery pack through the energy device 40 and supply power to the electric tool 30 through the energy device 40; the power grid is abnormal or is in a non-existent location. Where the power grid is connected, the battery pack can power the power tool through the energy device 40 . That is to say, the energy device 40 can be used as a charger or an inverter, and can realize a two-way flow of energy.
  • the energy device 40 may not have a tool interface and may not be directly connected to the power tool 20 .
  • the energy device 40 can convert the energy provided by the AC grid into charging current to charge the battery pack 10 .
  • the AC power grid 20 may directly supply power to the electric tool 30 without passing through the energy device 40 .
  • the AC power grid 20 can be used as a power grid node, and the electric energy output by the battery pack 10 is converted and supplied to the power tool 30 through the power grid node.
  • connection relationship provided by this embodiment may occur in the following scenarios: when the power grid is normal, the power grid can charge the battery pack through the energy device 40 and charge the electric tool without going through the energy device 40 30 power supply; if the power grid is abnormal or located in a place where no power grid exists, the AC power grid as a power grid node can transmit the discharge current provided by the battery pack in the energy device 40 to power the electric tool. That is to say, the energy device 40 can be used as a charger or an inverter, and can realize a two-way flow of energy.
  • the straight lines with arrows in the figure represent the direction of energy flow.
  • a straight line with an arrow passing through or passing through the energy device 40 indicates that the energy device 40 can convert energy and provide energy to the target end pointed by the arrow.
  • the straight line with an arrow does not pass through the energy device 40 , indicating that the equipment or power supply at both ends of the straight line can directly transmit energy without energy conversion.
  • the energy flow direction in the energy device 40 is not only related to the current connection relationship of the device, but also may be related to the electrical parameters of the power source or the electric tool under the current connection relationship.
  • the energy device 40 may include a detection unit 41 and a control unit 42 .
  • the detection unit 41 can at least detect the connection status of the load interface 402 or the power interface 401, as well as the electrical parameters of the electric tool 30, the AC power supply 20 or the DC power supply 10 in the current connection relationship.
  • the connection status may be whether the load interface 402 is connected to a tool or whether the power interface 401 is connected to a power source, and whether the connection between the tool or power source and the energy device 40 is stable, etc.
  • the electrical parameter may be the current capacity of the battery pack, the maximum charging current or voltage, the maximum charging capacity of the battery pack, the rated voltage of the tool, the rated current of the tool, or the voltage of the power grid, etc.
  • the control unit 42 can control the energy device 40 to convert the energy accordingly according to the connection status and electrical parameters detected by the detection unit 41 to obtain a charging current or a discharge current that meets the connection status and electrical parameter requirements.
  • the detection unit 41 detects that the power interface 401a is connected to the AC power grid and the connection status is stable, the power interface 401b is connected to the battery pack and the connection status is stable, and the power of the battery pack is low.
  • the control unit 42 controls the energy device 40 to convert the electric energy provided by the AC power grid according to the above detection results to obtain a charging current to charge the battery pack.
  • the energy device 40 includes an energy conversion circuit 43, which can be electrically connected to the load interface 402, the first power interface 401a, the second power interface 401b and the second energy storage device to process the accessed electric energy. A variety of energies are converted, and the converted electrical energy is provided to the second power interface, the load interface, or the second energy storage device.
  • the first energy storage device may be a tool battery pack, and the second energy storage device (not shown) may be a built-in battery provided in the energy device 40 .
  • the first energy storage device is the above-mentioned battery pack 10 .
  • the energy storage material of the first energy storage device 10 is different from the energy storage material of the second energy storage device.
  • the energy storage material of the first energy storage device 10 is a ternary lithium material.
  • the energy storage material is lithium iron phosphate.
  • the total capacity of the first energy storage device is different from the total capacity of the second energy storage device. In one embodiment, the total capacity of the first energy storage device is less than the total capacity of the second energy storage device. In one embodiment, the total capacity of the first energy storage device is greater than the total capacity of the second energy storage device. In one embodiment, the total energy of the first energy storage device is different from the total energy of the second energy storage device.
  • the energy device 40 may further include an energy conversion circuit 43 .
  • the energy conversion circuit 43 can be electrically connected to the load interface 402, the first power interface 401a, the second power interface 401b and the second energy storage device, perform various energy conversions on the connected electric energy, and provide the converted electric energy to the third energy storage device.
  • the energy conversion circuit 43 can change the conduction state or closed state of the functional components or circuit elements in the circuit according to the load or energy source connected to the energy device 40, thereby obtaining the desired output. energy to meet the power demand of the load, or to meet the charging demand of the undervoltage energy source, etc.
  • the energy conversion circuit 43 has a first circuit terminal 43a and a second circuit terminal 43b. That is to say, the energy conversion circuit 43 serves as a device that can perform multiple conversions of electrical energy. A circuit that has at least two circuit ports connected to a source and a load.
  • the first circuit terminal 43a can be used as an energy input terminal or an energy output terminal of the energy conversion circuit 43
  • the second circuit terminal 43b can be used as an energy input terminal or an energy output terminal of the energy conversion circuit 43.
  • the first circuit terminal 43a can be electrically connected to one or two of the load interface 402, the first power interface 401a and the second power interface 401b, and the second circuit terminal 43 can be electrically connected to at least one of the remaining interfaces. connect. Therefore, the energy conversion circuit 43 can perform various energy conversions on the input electric energy, and output the electric energy provided to the first circuit terminal 43a and the electric energy provided to the second circuit terminal 43b. Among them, when one circuit end is connected to two interfaces, the circuit end can be divided into two port branches, and one port branch is connected to one interface. For example, the first circuit terminal 43a is connected to the load interface 402 and the first power interface 401a, and the second circuit terminal 43b is connected to the second power interface 401b. Then the first circuit port 43a can be connected through the port branches 43a1 and 43a2 respectively. First circuit terminal 43a and load interface 402.
  • the first power interface 401a and the second power interface 401b of the energy device 40 can also be collectively referred to as an external power interface, and the interface in the energy device 40 used to access the second energy storage device is called an internal power supply. interface.
  • the first circuit terminal 43a of the energy conversion circuit 43 can be electrically connected to at least one of the load interface 402, the external power interface and the internal power interface, and the second circuit terminal can be electrically connected to at least one of the remaining interfaces. .
  • the energy conversion circuit 43 may include multiple energy conversion units, and can generate at least two energy conversion states. In one energy conversion state, the energy device 40 can output the electric energy provided to the first circuit terminal 43a, and in another energy conversion state, it can output the electric energy provided to the second circuit terminal 43b. That is to say, in one energy conversion state, the energy device 40 can obtain a stable DC charging current, and in another energy conversion state, it can obtain a discharge current. In this embodiment, the charging current and the discharging current have different current output terminals in the energy conversion circuit 43, that is, the current flow directions are different.
  • control unit 42 may detect the connection status or Electrical parameters control multiple energy conversion units to change their internal circuit connection states to provide appropriate output electrical energy. For example, when the detection unit 41 detects that the power interface 401b is connected to the battery pack and the connection status is stable, the battery pack is fully charged, and the load interface 402 is connected to the power tool 30 and the connection status is stable, the control unit 42 controls the configuration of multiple energy conversion units. The energy conversion state of the discharge current can be obtained, thereby providing discharge energy to the electric tool.
  • the energy conversion circuit 43 may include three energy conversion units, and each energy conversion unit can implement a corresponding energy conversion, thereby forming a three-level conversion circuit.
  • the first energy conversion unit 431, the second energy conversion unit 432, and the third energy conversion unit 433 can form a three-level conversion circuit. That is to say, multiple energy conversion units can divide the energy conversion process in the energy device 40 into three levels, and each level corresponds to a form of energy conversion.
  • the three-level conversion circuit can perform a first-level conversion of variable voltage and constant voltage, a second-level conversion of voltage rise and fall, and a third-level conversion of direct current and alternating current on the energy input into the energy device 40 .
  • the first-level transformation, second-level transformation and third-level transformation are only to distinguish the different ways of energy transformation and do not represent the order of energy transformation. That is, the three-level energy transformation that can be achieved by the three-level transformation circuit can be performed in no particular order.
  • the fourth energy conversion unit 434 and the fifth energy conversion unit 435 can form a two-stage conversion circuit. That is, multiple energy conversion units can divide the energy conversion process in the energy device 40 into two levels, and each level corresponds to a form of energy conversion.
  • the energy device 40 includes two energy conversion units, and each energy conversion unit can implement a corresponding energy conversion, thereby forming a two-stage conversion circuit.
  • the two-stage conversion circuit in this embodiment can combine the above-mentioned two-stage conversion and three-stage conversion as one energy conversion. That is to say, the two-level energy transformation may include a combined transformation composed of the above-mentioned first-level transformation and the second-level transformation and the above-mentioned three-level transformation.
  • the above-mentioned first to fifth energy conversion units may have the same energy conversion function or may have different energy conversion functions.
  • the following embodiment will illustrate the energy conversion process of the energy device 40 by combining the specific topological structures of the three-stage conversion circuit and the two-stage conversion circuit.
  • the energy device 40 is composed of a three-level conversion circuit, specifically including an SST (Solid-State Transformer, solid-state transformer) circuit that can achieve one-level conversion, and a Buck ⁇ Boost circuit that can achieve two-level conversion.
  • SST Solid-State Transformer, solid-state transformer
  • Buck ⁇ Boost Buck ⁇ Boost circuit
  • Three-level conversion inverter ⁇ PFC Power Factor Correction
  • the SST circuit is shown in Figure 9.
  • a rectifier diode is connected to the secondary side of the original half-bridge circuit of the transformer.
  • the SST circuit can adapt to the two working modes of the energy device 40 and change the working state of the circuit.
  • the working modules of the energy device 40 may include a boost inverter mode and a rectifier charging mode. The following is an introduction to the working process of the SST circuit in the boost inverter mode and rectifier charging mode:
  • One working cycle of the SST circuit can have 8 working states. Only the four working states in the first half of the cycle are analyzed here. The working states in the second half of the cycle are similar and will not be described in detail.
  • FIG. 10e shows the working waveforms of each switching element in the SST circuit corresponding to the above working states and the waveforms of different nodes. current waveform.
  • in the first working state at t 0 , Q 1 is turned on and Q 2 is turned off.
  • both Q 1 and Q 2 remain off, and the parasitic diode of Q 2 will conduct first, so that Q 2 in the next working state can reach ZVS.
  • the voltage across L m is reversed, and the secondary side rectifier diode D 2 will conduct.
  • the primary side resonant current flows through the excitation inductor L m and the parasitic diode of the switch tube, and will be less than
  • the resonant frequency of this state is f 1 , and Q 2 is turned on at time t 4 .
  • FIG. 10f to 10i four working states of the SST circuit are shown when the energy device 40 is in the rectifier charging mode.
  • Figure 10j shows the working waveforms of each switching element in the SST circuit corresponding to the above working states and the current waveforms of different nodes. .
  • in the first working state at t 0 , Q 4 is turned on, Q 3 is turned off, and the secondary side energy is transferred to the primary side through the transformer, via the resonant inductor L m , resonant capacitor C r and diode D 1 are output to the load.
  • the Buck ⁇ Boost circuit can operate in the Boost mode when the energy device 40 is in the boost inverter mode; and in the Buck mode when the energy device 40 is in the rectifier charging mode.
  • the Buck ⁇ Boost circuit is shown in Figure 11 and mainly consists of two series-connected power components Q 11 and Q 12 , an inductor L f1 and two energy storage components C 11 and C 12 .
  • the Buck ⁇ Boost circuit has two working states: In the first state, the switching element Q 12 in the circuit is turned on first, and Q 11 cutoff, with Q 12 in The body diode stores energy; in the second state, Q 12 is turned off, Q 11 is turned on, Q 11 releases energy, and current flows from Q 11 , which can then power the load connected at the back end.
  • the voltage or current changes of the components in the Buck ⁇ Boost circuit are shown in Figure 12c.
  • a duty cycle can be generated at the intersection of the carrier voltage v c and the modulation voltage v m .
  • the current i L1 in the inductor L f1 is in the first state with a certain The slope rises and drops with a certain slope in the second state.
  • i L is maximum.
  • the Buck ⁇ Boost circuit when the energy device 40 is in the rectifier charging mode, the Buck ⁇ Boost circuit also has two working states: in the first state, Q 11 is turned on first, Q 12 is turned off, and L f stores energy; In the second state, Q 11 is turned off, Q 12 is turned on, power flows through Q 12 , and L f releases energy to charge the connected battery pack.
  • the voltage or current changes of the components in the Buck ⁇ Boost circuit are shown in Figure 12f, where the change curves of the carrier voltage vc , the modulation voltage vm and the current iL1 in Lf1 are consistent with the basic trend shown in Figure 12c, here No longer.
  • the Buck ⁇ Boost circuit is shown in Figure 13, which mainly includes a full-bridge circuit composed of four power components Q 21 , Q 22 , Q 23 and Q 24 , and the intermediate nodes of the two bridge arms are connected There is an inductor L f2 and each bridge arm is connected in parallel with an energy storage element C 21 and C 22 .
  • the Buck ⁇ Boost circuit has four working states.
  • Both ends of the inverter ⁇ PFC circuit can be connected to AC power or supply voltage or be responsible for it, which is specifically related to the mode in which the energy device 40 is located.
  • the energy device 40 is in the boost inverter mode, and the inverter ⁇ PFC circuit can realize the inverter function, and the electric energy output by the battery pack can be used to power the load.
  • the inverter ⁇ PFC circuit mainly includes a full-bridge circuit composed of Q 31 , Q 32 , Q 33 and Q 34 .
  • Q 32 and Q 34 are complementary to each other, Q 31 and Q 33 are complementary to each other, and the two ends of Q 32 and Q 34 are connected to the input voltage.
  • the middle node of the Q 32 and Q 34 bridge arms is B, Q 31 and Q 33.
  • the middle node of the bridge arm is A, and the two nodes A and B are connected to the load through an LC circuit.
  • unipolar SPWM modulation can be used for the inverter ⁇ PFC circuit.
  • the switching elements in the circuit are shown in Figures 16a to 16 As shown in 16d, it can be attributed to two conduction transformation states.
  • the first conduction state as shown in Figure 16a and Figure 16b, Q 34 is always on, Q 32 is always off, Q 31 and Q 33 are complementary conduction with a certain duty cycle, and when Q 31 is on, the node There is a forward voltage V AB between A and B, and the voltage is zero when Q 31 is turned off.
  • the complementary conduction of Q 31 and Q 33 starts with Q 31 being turned on first.
  • a node is generated at the intersection of the carrier voltage v c and the modulation voltage v m .
  • the respective conduction duty cycles change in opposite ways. For example, in the first half of the cycle, the duty cycle of Q 31 turns on first changes from small to large and then from large to small, while in the second half of the cycle, the duty cycle of Q 31 turns on first changes from large to small and then from small to large.
  • unipolar frequency multiplication SPWM modulation can be used for the inverter ⁇ PFC circuit.
  • the switching elements in the circuit during one working cycle are as shown in Figure 17a As shown in Figure 17d, it can include two conduction conversion states.
  • Q 34 is always on, Q 32 is always off, Q 31 and Q 33 are complementary conduction with a certain duty cycle, and when Q 31 is on, the node There is a voltage V AB between A and B, which is zero when Q 31 is off.
  • the complementary conduction of Q 31 and Q 33 starts with Q 33 turning on first.
  • the phase difference between the two sine waves is ⁇ , the duty cycle and the voltage V AB between nodes A, B are generated at the intersection of the carrier voltage v c and the modulation voltage v m .
  • the change in the duty cycle of controlling the conduction of Q 31 , Q 32 , Q 32 , and Q 32 in the first half of the control cycle is opposite to the change of the respective conduction duty cycle in the second half of the cycle.
  • the duty cycle of Q 31 turns on first changes from small to large and then from large to small
  • the duty cycle of Q 31 turns on first changes from large to small and then from small to large.
  • both modulation methods include two conduction states, but the conduction of Q 31 and Q 33 are complementary in different conduction states.
  • the order is different; and under unipolar frequency doubled SPWM modulation, the third and fourth conduction states appear alternately throughout the entire working cycle, while under unipolar SPWM modulation, only the first conduction appears in the first half of the modulation cycle. state, only the second conduction state is used in the second half of the cycle.
  • the energy device 40 is in the rectifier charging mode, and the inverter ⁇ PFC circuit can perform PFC modulation to use the power output from the AC power source to power the load or charge the battery pack.
  • the inverter ⁇ PFC circuit mainly includes a full-bridge circuit composed of Q 31 , Q 32 , Q 33 and Q 34 .
  • Q 32 and Q 34 are complementary On, Q 31 and Q 33 are complementary to each other, and the two ends of Q 32 and Q 34 are connected to the load.
  • the middle node of the Q 32 and Q 34 bridge arms is B, and the middle node of the Q 31 and Q 33 bridge arms is A.
  • the two nodes A and B are connected to the AC power supply through an LC circuit.
  • the switching elements in the inverter ⁇ PFC circuit may include two conduction conversion states as shown in Figures 19a to 19d within one working cycle.
  • the fifth conduction state as shown in Figure 19a and Figure 19b, Q 34 is always on, Q 32 is always off, Q 31 and Q 33 are complementary conduction with a certain duty cycle, and when Q 31 is on, the node There is a voltage V AB between A and B, which is zero when Q 31 is off.
  • the complementary conduction of Q 31 and Q 33 starts with Q 33 turning on first, and L f3 in the circuit first stores energy and then releases energy.
  • the carrier voltage v c in the inverter ⁇ PFC circuit changes in a zigzag shape, and the modulation voltage v m changes in a sinusoidal waveform.
  • the duty cycle is generated, and The voltage V AB between nodes A and B.
  • the hollow arrows represent the flow direction of the current in the circuit.
  • the current can flow from the battery pack side to the load to power the load; in the FOC modulation mode, the current It can flow from the AC power side into the load or battery pack to power the load or charge the battery pack.
  • the inverter ⁇ PFC circuit shown in Figure 18 can also be referred to as a PFC circuit for short.
  • the PFC circuit can be divided into a current conversion stage circuit 181 and a capacitance conversion stage circuit 182.
  • the first dotted line box The circuit is the current conversion stage circuit 181
  • the circuit in the second dotted box is the capacitance conversion stage circuit. 182.
  • the PFC circuit can convert the AC mains power into DC power and output it to the DC power tool or battery pack.
  • the double closed-loop control of the PFC circuit shown in Figure 20 it is specifically divided into a current loop drawn by a thin solid line and a voltage loop drawn by a thick solid line.
  • the current loop control can be the current conversion stage circuit 181 in Figure 18, and the voltage loop The control is the capacitive conversion stage circuit 182 in Figure 18.
  • Figure 20 is the reference value of the output voltage
  • G vc (s) is the transfer function of the voltage outer loop compensation link
  • V g is the grid voltage
  • G ic (s) is the transfer function of the current inner loop compensation link
  • D'(t) is the duty cycle of the control signal that controls Q 31
  • G id (s) is the inductor current versus duty cycle transfer function
  • i L is the real-time current value of the inductor L f3
  • Vo is the output voltage.
  • the current reference It differs from the feedback actual value i L of the inductor current, and then enters the compensation link G ic (s).
  • the controller (not shown) in the dual-loop control system can adjust the duty cycle of the switching tube Q 31 through the software program, and then adjust the inductor current in real time through the transfer function G id (s), so that the actual value of the inductor current becomes closer to the reference value.
  • the voltage reference value It differs from the actual value of the feedback output voltage Vo , and then enters the compensation link G vc (s). Then the controller adjusts it through the software program, and through the current inner loop and transfer function Adjust the output voltage in real time so that the actual value of the output voltage becomes closer and closer to the reference value.
  • the current conversion stage circuit 181 of the PFC circuit can be modeled as a small signal:
  • the small signal formula of the inductor current can be determined as follows:
  • the inductor current i L is related to three parameters, namely the freewheeling duty cycle F, the grid voltage V g and the output voltage V o .
  • G if (s) is the transfer function of i L to the duty cycle F
  • G ig (s) is The transfer function of i L to V g
  • G iv (s) is the transfer function of i L to the duty cycle V o .
  • the expansions of the three transfer functions are as follows:
  • L is the inductance of the inductor L f3
  • r is the internal resistance of the inductor L f3 .
  • L and r are the inherent parameters of the physical circuit, that is, the inductance and the internal resistance of the inductor.
  • V o is regarded as a constant when the PFC circuit is operating stably. This is the controlled object V o in the transfer function Ti (s) of the current loop. (1/sL+r) is stable.
  • the control system can use a set of PI controllers to control the controlled objects.
  • Vo is uncertain. For example, Vo is constantly increasing during soft start, and the controlled object will also keep changing.
  • a set of PI controllers is not enough to regulate the entire system, resulting in system instability. In other words, V o is a factor that affects the stability of system control.
  • the gain decoupling control method can be used, that is, multiplying 1/V o in the forward path shown in Figure 21a to eliminate the uncertain variable V o , and the obtained control loop is as follows As shown in Figure 21b.
  • a level of feedforward decoupling can also be added to achieve functions such as normalization.
  • the feedforward decoupling is ⁇ .
  • the controlled object is 1/(sL+r), and the previous There are no variables in the direction path.
  • G ic (s) uses a set of PI controllers to adjust the current control loop in all working conditions.
  • the current inner loop transfer function in the double closed-loop control is determined as Ti (s), and the double closed-loop control of the PFC circuit shown in Figure 20 can be transformed as shown in Figure 23.
  • the expansion formulas of G io_iL (s) and G vo_io (s) are respectively:
  • V in_RMS_Avg is the average value of the input voltage effective value
  • Vo_Avg is the average value of the output voltage
  • R L is the internal resistance of the load
  • C o is the capacitance value of the output capacitor C Bus .
  • the parameters in the above formula are all fixed values, so G vc (s) only needs to use a set of PI controllers to adjust the voltage control loop in all working conditions.
  • the circuit in the energy device 40 may further include an LLC circuit.
  • the LLC circuit as shown in Figure 27, can perform DC-DC conversion on the input current and output it to the load.
  • an LLC resonant circuit can be connected in series after the PFC circuit to achieve high-frequency and efficient DC-DC conversion, but the output voltage is not easy to adjust. Because the adjustment of the output voltage involves frequency modulation and adjusting the duty cycle of the control signal, and the above adjustments are not easy to achieve for the magnetic components in the LLC circuit. Because, in order to adjust the output voltage of the LLC circuit, this application provides a two-stage LLC circuit, which specifically includes a main circuit and an adjustable circuit.
  • the difference between the two-stage LLC circuit and the traditional LLC circuit is that the primary winding of the transformer T in the two-stage LLC circuit can divide the power in the main circuit loop into a high power and a small power, where High power can account for about 90% of the power in the main loop, while low power can account for about 10% of the power in the main loop.
  • the circuit connected to one secondary winding of the transformer T is consistent with the circuit connected to the secondary winding of the transformer in the traditional LLC circuit, and the secondary winding is allocated the high power in the main circuit.
  • the other secondary winding of the transformer T is connected to a DC-DC conversion circuit, and the secondary winding is allocated the small power in the main circuit.
  • This embodiment does not specifically limit the circuit structure of the DC-DC conversion circuit.
  • the output terminals of the circuit connected to the two secondary windings of the transformer T are connected in parallel as the output terminal of the entire circuit.
  • the output voltage or output power of the DC-DC conversion circuit can be controlled through PWM modulation. That is to say, when the output power of the LLC circuit needs to be adjusted, the overall output power can be adjusted by adjusting a small part of the power in the circuit, while most of the power in the circuit is still converted and output by the traditional LLC circuit. Since only a small part of the power in the entire circuit has gone through two levels of conversion, namely LLC conversion and PWM modulation, while most of the power has only gone through one level of conversion, that is, LLC conversion, it can Improve the efficiency of the entire machine.
  • the energy device 40 is composed of a two-level conversion circuit, specifically including a DAB circuit that can realize one-level conversion and two-level conversion, and an inverter ⁇ PFC circuit that can implement three-level conversion.
  • the inverter ⁇ PFC circuit is consistent with that in the above embodiment and will not be described in detail here. This embodiment mainly introduces the DAB circuit:
  • the DAB circuit is a dual active full-bridge bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit.
  • the switching elements on each bridge arm are 180° complementary conduction, and all diagonal pairs The switching elements of the corners are all turned on at the same time.
  • the transmission power of the DAB circuit can be controlled by controlling the magnitude of the shift intersection between the midpoint voltage of the primary side bridge arm and the midpoint voltage of the secondary side bridge arm. The specific transmission process will not be described in detail.
  • the process by which the control unit 42 controls the energy device 40 to change the energy conversion state in the circuit may be the process of controlling the power element in the circuit to change the conduction state.
  • the energy conversion circuit 43 may include a bidirectional DC-DC module 436, an inverter module 437 and a PFC module 438.
  • the bidirectional DC-DC module 436 and the inverter module 437 can form an energy transmission path for the battery pack to provide discharge energy to the load. That is to say, the energy device 40 can work in the boost inverter mode after being connected to the battery pack 10 and the load 30.
  • the electric energy output by the battery pack 10 can be converted into suitable energy after passing through the bidirectional DC-DC module 436 and the inverter module 437.
  • the load 30 is powered by electrical energy.
  • the bidirectional DC-DC module 436 and the inverter module 437 need to boost or invert the output power of the battery pack 10 to output a 24V power supply. voltage to load 30.
  • the PFC module 438 and the bidirectional DC-DC module form an energy transmission path for the AC power supply to provide charging energy to the battery pack. That is to say, the energy device 40 can work in the rectified charging mode after being connected to the AC power supply and the battery pack, and the AC power is converted into power suitable for charging the battery pack through the PFC module 438 and the bidirectional DC-DC module 436 .
  • the battery pack 10 may be a first energy storage device, that is, it may be an external power supply connected through the power interface of the energy device. Pool bag.
  • the battery pack 10 may also be a second energy storage device, that is, a built-in battery pack built into the housing of the energy device 40 .
  • the battery pack 10 may include a first energy storage device and a second energy storage device, that is, the external battery pack and the built-in battery pack connected to the energy device 40 may discharge to the load at the same time, or charge at the same time.
  • the bidirectional DC-DC module 436 can be understood as being able to perform DC-DC conversion on the input power from the battery pack side, and can also perform DC-DC conversion on the input power from the AC grid side.
  • the energy conversion circuit 43 may include two unidirectional DC-DC modules, namely a first unidirectional DC-DC module 439 and a second unidirectional DC-DC module 440, and a bidirectional inverter Change module 441.
  • the circuit topology of the two unidirectional DC-DC modules can be the same or different.
  • the bidirectional inverter module 441 is also compatible with the PFC function.
  • the first unidirectional DC-DC module 439 and the bidirectional inverter module 441 form an energy transmission path for the battery pack to provide discharge energy to the load, and the second unidirectional DC-DC module 440 and the bidirectional inverter module 441 It forms an energy transmission path for the AC power supply to provide charging energy to the battery pack.
  • the second unidirectional DC-DC module 440 and the bidirectional inverter module 441 form an energy transmission path for the battery pack to provide discharge energy to the load, and the first unidirectional DC-DC module 439 and the bidirectional inverter module 441 It forms an energy transmission path for the AC power supply to provide charging energy to the battery pack.
  • the battery pack 10 may include a first energy storage device and a second energy storage device, that is, the external battery pack and the built-in battery pack connected to the energy device 40 may discharge to the load at the same time, or charge at the same time.
  • the energy device may also be referred to as a bidirectional power device or a portable power device. It can meet the application needs of outdoor or indoor or in various scenarios.
  • the power supply system shown in FIG. 33 includes at least a bidirectional power supply device 5 .
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 at least includes a plurality of power transmission terminals, such as an AC input terminal 51 , a first DC input/output terminal 52 , an AC output terminal 53 and a second DC input/output terminal 54 .
  • the number of each type of power transmission terminal is at least one.
  • the AC input terminal 51 can be a device that can connect cables to fixed wiring at will, commonly known as a plug. It can be plugged into the AC mains interface to input AC mains power, or can be electrically connected to the charging port of a car charging pile. It can be charged with the electric energy output from the charging pile. Among them, the car charging pile can be an AC slow charging pile. This embodiment does not specifically limit the type of the AC input terminal 51 . It can be seen that the AC input terminal 51 supports a charging voltage of 220V, 110V or 120V.
  • the first DC input/output terminal 52 may include a port capable of inputting DC power, and a port capable of inputting and outputting DC power.
  • the first DC input/output terminal 52 may include a DC input terminal 521 that can be connected to a photovoltaic charging device or a vehicle charging port to input DC power to the bidirectional power supply device 5; it may also include a DC input terminal 521 that can be connected to a bidirectional USB Type-C interface. Docking, the first DC input/output terminal 522 that transmits DC power in both directions; or may include a DC output terminal that outputs DC power to a DC device.
  • the photovoltaic charging device may include a solar panel or a solar charger, and the vehicle charging port may be a port that can be connected to a cigarette lighter.
  • the so-called bidirectional Typec interface can input external power to the bidirectional power supply device 5 and can also output power from the bidirectional power supply device 5 .
  • the input voltage of the DC input terminal 521 is greater than or equal to 5V and less than or equal to 80V, for example, it can be 5V, 9V, 10V, 12V, 15V, 18V, 20V, 25V, 30V, 35V, 40V, 45V, 50V, 55V, 60V, 65V, 70V, 75V, 80V, etc.
  • the input current of the DC input terminal 521 does not exceed 10A.
  • the first DC input/output terminal 522 serves as a DC input terminal. That is, when power is input to the bidirectional power supply device 5 , the input voltage of this port is greater than or equal to 5V and less than or equal to 80V. For example, it can be 5V, 9V, 10V, 12V, 15V, 18V. , 20V, 25V, 30V, 35V, 40V, 45V, 50V, 55V, 60V, 65V, 70V, 75V, 80V, etc.
  • the input current of the first DC input/output terminal 522 as a DC input terminal does not exceed 5A, and the output power does not exceed 250W, for example, it can be 240W, 220W, 200W, etc.
  • the first DC input/output terminal 522 serves as a DC output terminal, that is, when the bidirectional power supply device 5 outputs DC power, the input voltage of this port Greater than or equal to 60V and less than or equal to 120V, for example, it can be 60V, 70V, 80V, 90V, 100V, 110V, 120V, etc.
  • the output current of the first DC input/output terminal 522 as a DC output terminal does not exceed 5A, and the output peak power is basically 250W.
  • the AC power output terminal 53 can output AC power to AC devices, where the AC devices may include AC power tools, AC home appliances, etc. This application does not specifically limit the port form of the AC output terminal 53 .
  • the output power of the first DC input/output terminal 52 or the AC output terminal 53 is greater than or equal to 600W, for example, it may be 600W, 700W, 800W, 900W, etc. In one embodiment, the output power of the first DC input/output terminal 52 or the AC output terminal 53 is 1000W, for example, it may be 1000W, 1200W, 1400W, etc.
  • the second DC input/output terminal 54 may include a port capable of outputting DC power, and a port capable of outputting and inputting DC power.
  • the second DC input/output terminal 54 may include a DC output terminal 541 that can be connected to a DC device to output DC power to power the DC device; it may also include a second DC power terminal that can be connected to a rechargeable battery pack and can transmit DC power in both directions.
  • the DC device may include DC power tools or supercapacitors or DC household electrical equipment, for example, it can power household vacuum cleaners, cleaning robots, etc.
  • the bidirectional energy device 5 can also transmit electric energy wirelessly, such as energy coupling through a coil to achieve energy transfer, and can charge smart phones or other terminal devices.
  • the AC device or AC equipment may be an AC power tool
  • the DC device or DC device may be a DC power tool
  • electrical equipment that can be powered by AC or DC power depending on the type of access power source may be called AC or DC power equipment, and may include AC or DC power tools.
  • the AC power tool or the DC power tool or the AC and DC power tools may be Handheld power tools such as drills, pruners, sanders, etc.
  • it can be a bench-type tool, such as a table saw, miter saw, metal cutting machine, bakelite mill, etc.
  • it could be a push power tool, such as a push lawn mower or a push snow blower.
  • it may also be a ride-on power tool, such as a ride-on lawn mower, a ride-on vehicle, an all-terrain vehicle, or the like.
  • it can also be a robotic tool, such as a lawn mower robot, a snow clearing robot, etc.
  • the AC power tool or the DC power tool can also be an electric drill, an electric lamp, an electric vehicle, etc. In some embodiments, it may also be a garden tool, such as a pruner, a hair dryer, a lawn mower, a chain saw, etc. Or it could be upholstery tools, such as screwdrivers, nail guns, circular saws, sanders, etc. In some embodiments, the AC power tool or the DC power tool may also be a vegetation care tool, such as a lawn trimmer, a lawn mower, a pruner, a chain saw, etc. Alternatively, the electric tool 200 may also be a cleaning tool, such as a hair dryer, a snow blower, a cleaning machine, etc.
  • it can also be a drilling tool, such as a drill, screwdriver, wrench, electric hammer, etc.
  • a saw tool such as a reciprocating saw, a jigsaw, a circular saw, etc.
  • a grinding tool such as an angle grinder, sander, etc.
  • it can also be other tools, such as lights, fans, etc.
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 shown in FIG. 34 may at least include a power management module 501 and a bidirectional energy conversion module 502 electrically coupled with the power management module 501, a DC charging module 503, and a DC charging/discharging module 504. LED controller 505, IoT module 506.
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 can also be connected to at least one third energy storage device 60 .
  • the third energy storage device 60 may be a battery pack that can store electrical energy, and the battery pack can be recharged, or the battery pack can release electrical energy to power an electric tool connected to the bidirectional power supply device 5 .
  • the third energy storage device 60 may be a 56V 1P battery pack, a 2P battery pack, a 3P battery pack, or a 4P battery pack, etc.
  • the electric energy output by the third energy storage device 60 can power the different types of DC power tools mentioned above.
  • the bidirectional energy conversion module 502 can realize bidirectional flow of energy.
  • the bidirectional energy conversion module 502 can be connected to an AC power supply and can perform AC/DC conversion on the AC power. Or you can perform DC/AC conversion on the DC power connected to other ports.
  • the bidirectional energy conversion module 502 can perform DC output or AC output.
  • the charging power can be output to the third energy storage device 60 or the supercapacitor, or the DC power supply can be output to power tools or other DC power equipment, or it can be output through the IoT module 506 and then through the USB interface.
  • the bidirectional energy conversion module 502 can also convert the electric energy from the DC charging module 503 into an AC output, or convert the electric energy from the third energy storage device 60 into an AC output, or can convert the DC power from the DC charging/discharging module. Converted to AC output.
  • the bidirectional energy conversion module 502 there is no specific limitation on the electrical coupling relationship between the bidirectional energy conversion module 502 and other modules in the bidirectional power supply device 5 .
  • the DC charging module 503 can be consistent with the DC input terminal 521 in the above embodiment, and can be connected to a photovoltaic charging device or a vehicle charging port to access the DC power supply.
  • the DC power input through the DC charging module 503 can power other modules in the bidirectional power supply device 5 , or can be converted by the bidirectional energy conversion module 502 and output to external AC power equipment or DC power equipment, or It is output to external power equipment through the DC charge/discharge module 504.
  • the DC charging/discharging module 504 may include connecting multiple USB Type-A interfaces that output power to the outside, a USB Type-C interface that outputs power to the outside, and a USB Type-C interface that can transmit power in both directions.
  • the LED controller 505 is configured to control the lighting status of the LED lights, including, for example, the flash frequency or light intensity or the number of lights, so as to display the current charging and discharging mode of the bidirectional power supply device 5 through the power status of the LED lights or Alarms for working status or abnormal status, etc.
  • the Internet of Things module 506 is configured to perform wireless communication with external terminal equipment.
  • the working status of the two-way power supply device 5, or the charging/discharging status, or the connection status with an external port can be displayed through the terminal application in the smart terminal.
  • the charging and discharging status or charging and discharging power of the bidirectional power supply device 5 can also be adjusted through a terminal application, or the user can customize the power allocation priority of different modules during charging or discharging.
  • the Internet of Things module 506 can also obtain an update program transmitted by an external terminal device or server or cloud server to upgrade some modules or ports in the bidirectional power supply device 5 .
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 can also be remotely controlled through wireless communication between the remote terminal device and the Internet of Things module 506.
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 may also be provided with a display screen or user input terminal.
  • the display screen can directly display the connection status of each port of the bidirectional power supply device 5, or display the charging/discharging status of each port, or display the charging/discharging power, or display the charging/discharging mode, or display the charging/discharging countdown, or display the edge.
  • the charging and discharging indication information may display the IoT connection status, the fault status, the LED light lighting status, or the interaction information or control information between the IoT module 506 and the external terminal.
  • the display screen can also display the connection status of the power supply or electrical equipment connected to different ports. For example, it can display whether the third energy storage device 60 is inserted or unplugged or has a fault.
  • the user input terminal may be a switch key for the user to control the switching on and off of the bidirectional power supply device 5 .
  • the user input terminal can be displayed on the display screen, and the user can control the turning on and off of the bidirectional power supply device 5 by touching the screen.
  • the operator can select the enable terminal of the bidirectional power supply device 5 through the user input terminal.
  • the operator can select AC enable, which means that the bidirectional power supply device 5 can output AC power to the electrical equipment, but cannot output DC power.
  • DC enable can be selected, that is, the bidirectional power supply device 5 can output DC power to the electrical equipment, but cannot output AC power.
  • select LED enable that is, the switch or light intensity of the LED light can be controlled.
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 shown in FIG. 35 may also have a built-in fourth energy storage device. Set to 507.
  • the fourth energy storage device 507 is fixedly installed in the bidirectional power supply device 5 and can provide power supply for each module in the bidirectional power supply device 5 .
  • the electric energy output by at least one of the DC charging module 503 or the DC charging/discharging module 504 or the bidirectional energy conversion module 502 can charge the fourth energy storage device 507 .
  • the capacity, chemical properties, rated voltage, shape, size, life, power density, energy density, temperature characteristics, charge and discharge rate and other properties or parameters of the third energy storage device 60 and the fourth energy storage device 507 They can be at least partially the same or completely the same or completely different.
  • the rated voltage or capacity or output power of the fourth energy storage device 507 is less than the rated voltage or capacity or output power of the third energy storage device 60 .
  • both the third energy storage device 60 and the fourth energy storage device 507 may be one or more battery packs or other devices capable of storing or releasing electrical energy.
  • the power management module 501 can control all third energy storage devices.
  • the device 60 first discharges in parallel, and then controls the built-in fourth energy storage device 507 to discharge after the discharge of the third energy storage device 60 ends or after a preset discharge time.
  • the characteristic parameters of the two energy storage devices meet the discharge parameter threshold.
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 has the capabilities of parallel discharge and time-sharing discharge.
  • the power management module 501 can also control the third energy storage device 60 and the fourth energy storage device 507 to alternately discharge in turns.
  • the power management module 501 can also determine whether to use the third energy storage device 60 or the fourth energy storage device 507 to discharge based on the type of electrical equipment connected to the bidirectional power supply device 5 .
  • the electric energy output by the third energy storage device 60 or the fourth energy storage device 507 can power AC power equipment or DC power equipment.
  • the output power of the fourth energy storage device 507 is greater than or equal to 100W and less than or equal to 1000W, for example, it can be 100W, 200W, 400W, 600W, 800W, 900W, 1000W, etc.
  • the characteristic parameters of the third energy storage device 60 or the fourth energy storage device 507 may include current capacity, voltage, temperature, or other parameters that can measure whether the energy storage device can stably output electric energy.
  • the discharge parameter threshold may be the lowest discharge voltage, the lowest or highest discharge temperature, or the minimum discharge capacity, etc.
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 can input electric energy through the bidirectional energy conversion module 502, or input electric energy through the DC charging module 503, or input electric energy through the DC charging/discharging module 504.
  • the power management module 501 can control the power input from at least one power input terminal to charge the fourth energy storage device 507 first, and then charge the third energy storage device 60 after the fourth energy storage device 507 is basically fully charged. Charge.
  • the power management module 501 can control the charging sequence of the plurality of third energy storage devices 60 according to the real-time voltages of the plurality of third energy storage devices 60 . For example, after the built-in fourth energy storage device 507 is basically fully charged, the voltages of the plurality of third energy storage devices 60 are charged sequentially from low to high. In other embodiments, the power management module 501 can also set the charging sequence according to the current capacity or temperature of the plurality of third energy storage devices 60 and other parameters. In one embodiment, the power management module 501 can also charge all third energy storage devices 60 external to the bidirectional power supply device 5 at the same time after the fourth energy storage device 507 is substantially fully charged.
  • the power management module 501 can also charge the external third energy storage device 60 first, and then charge the fourth energy storage device 507 after all the third energy storage devices 60 are fully charged.
  • the power management module 501 can control the third energy storage device 60 with the lowest voltage to charge to the same voltage as the third energy storage device 60 with the second lowest voltage, and then control the two to simultaneously charge to the same voltage as the third energy storage device 60 with the third lowest voltage. After the voltages of the energy storage devices are consistent, the three energy storage devices are then controlled to charge simultaneously, and so on until the voltages of all the third energy storage devices 60 are substantially consistent and fully charged.
  • the Internet of Things module 506 can also change the control of the charging and discharging of the third energy storage device 60 and the fourth energy storage device 507 by the power management module 501, for example, change the charging and discharging sequence of the two power devices, or Charge and discharge time.
  • the user can communicate with the Internet of Things module 506 in the bidirectional power supply device 5 through an application in the user terminal, and remotely control the charging/discharging of the fourth energy storage device 507 and the third energy storage device 60 in the bidirectional power supply device 5 order or time.
  • the power management module 501 can be controlled to charge the energy storage devices sequentially from low to high according to the voltage of all the energy storage devices without distinguishing the types of the energy storage devices, charging one by one in a time-sharing manner, or charging alternately one by one, or charging multiple devices at the same time.
  • the Internet of Things module 506 can control the power management module 501 to charge the plurality of built-in fourth energy storage devices 507 one by one according to the voltage from low to high, or alternately charge one by one, or charge at the same time.
  • the Internet of Things module 506 can control the power management module 501 to charge multiple external third energy storage devices 60 one by one according to the voltage from low to high, or alternately charge one by one, or charge simultaneously.
  • the Internet of Things module 506 can also control the power management module 501 to follow other charging sequences, such as controlling multiple third energy storage devices to charge one by one in a time-sharing manner or to alternately charge one by one or to charge at the same time, or to control multiple fourth energy storage devices to charge at the same time.
  • the energy storage devices are charged time-sharing one by one, alternately charging one by one, or simultaneously, or all energy storage devices are controlled to charge time-sharing one by one, alternately charging one by one, or simultaneously without distinguishing between the third energy storage device and the fourth energy storage device.
  • FIGS 36a to 36d show the charging process of the third energy storage device 60 and/or the fourth energy storage device 507.
  • the third energy storage device 60 has one Two, but not limited to that.
  • Bat1 is the fourth energy storage device, that is, the built-in battery pack
  • Bat2 and Bat3 are the third energy storage device, that is, the external battery pack.
  • the first row represents the initial state of the battery pack
  • the second row and thereafter Each row of represents the charging status of three battery packs at a time. It can be understood that there can be multiple third energy storage devices 60 and fourth energy storage devices 507 , and the drawings are no longer provided here.
  • the power management module 501 can charge Bat1 until it is basically fully charged, and then charge Bat2 and Bat3 at the same time.
  • the power management module 501 can also first control the lower voltage of Bat2 and Bat3 to charge until it is consistent with the voltage of the other, then charge Bat2 and Bat3 at the same time until it is basically fully charged, and then control Bat1 to charge. .
  • the power management module 501 can control the battery packs to be charged one by one, without distinguishing the type of energy storage device or whether it is a built-in battery pack or an external battery pack. That is, after one is basically fully charged, the battery pack can be charged again. The other one is charged until all the battery packs are fully charged.
  • the power management module 501 can charge the battery packs one by one according to the voltage or power of the battery packs from low to high. For example, in this embodiment, Bat1 with the lowest voltage is first charged until it is basically fully charged, then Bat2 is charged until it is basically fully charged, and finally Bat3 is charged.
  • the power management module 501 can control the battery packs to be charged alternately one by one without distinguishing the type of energy storage device or whether it is a built-in battery pack or an external battery pack. For example, after a battery pack has been charged for a period of time Charge the other battery pack for a while. For example, battery pack Bat1 charges for t1 time, then stops charging and then charges Bat2 for t1 time. Then Bat2 stops charging and then charges Bat3 for t1 time. Within a charging cycle (basically 3t1 time), all battery packs are charged equally. After the duration of t1, the above process will still be followed in the next charging cycle until all battery packs are basically fully charged.
  • the process of charging all the energy storage devices connected to the bidirectional power supply 5 shown in Figure 36c one by one can also start from any other battery pack, and is not limited to external battery packs.
  • the same process of alternate charging shown in Figure 36d can also be started. It starts from any other battery pack, not limited to external battery packs.
  • the discharge cut-off voltage of the fourth energy storage device 507 can be increased or reduced during the charging or discharging process.
  • the charging cut-off voltage prevents the fourth energy storage device 507 from over-discharging or over-charging to ensure its service life.
  • the external power supply or external power supply port that can input electric energy to the bidirectional power supply device 5 can be AC mains, a charging pile, a photovoltaic charging device, a vehicle charging port or a Type-C charging port, or Type-C. Charger etc. Therefore, when the bidirectional power supply device 5 is connected to different power supply sources, it can be considered that the bidirectional power supply device 5 has different charging modes.
  • charging using AC mains as the power supply can be called the first charging method
  • charging using photovoltaic equipment or vehicle charging terminals as the power supply can be called the second charging method
  • using the Type-C charging port as the power supply
  • the charging method is called the third charging method.
  • the multi-bidirectional power supply device 5 has the ability to charge in three charging modes at the same time.
  • the power management module 501 can control the charging of the bi-directional power supply device 5 according to the maximum power charging mode, and does not use the three charging modes at the same time. That is to say, when the bidirectional energy conversion module 502, the DC charging module 503 and the DC charging/discharging module 504 are all connected to the power supply that can be used as the power supply, the bidirectional power supply device 5 does not use all the power supplies as power supply at the same time as the energy storage device. Instead of charging, you can choose the power supply to charge according to the maximum power charging mode.
  • the power management module 501 can provide the third energy storage device 60 or The fourth energy storage device 507 is charged. That is to say, as long as there is AC mains power as the power supply, AC mains power will be used first to charge the energy storage device. If the energy storage device is not fully charged after the AC mains power is cut off, photovoltaic equipment or vehicle-mounted charging terminals can be used to charge it.
  • the power management module 501 can select different charging methods according to different power suppliers connected to the bidirectional power supply device 5 .
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 can use the first charging mode to charge the energy storage device, or can disconnect other charging modes or enable other charging modes. Charging mode is in waiting state.
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 can choose to use the second charging mode to charge the energy storage device, and disconnect the third charging mode or put the third charging mode in a waiting state; in the second charging mode When the output electric energy is unstable or a problem occurs, the third charging method can be used to charge the energy storage device and the second charging method can be disconnected or the second charging method can be placed in a waiting state.
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 can charge the third energy storage device 60 or the fourth energy storage device 507 while performing AC or DC power supply output, such as powering AC or DC power tools or through a USB interface.
  • the output power can power electrical equipment with USB interface.
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 uses AC mains power to charge the energy storage device, the AC power can be directly bypassed from the power grid to supply power to AC power tools, and all USB interfaces connected to the DC charge/discharge module 504 can discharge output.
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 uses a photovoltaic charging device to charge the energy storage device, it can also output AC power to AC power tools, and all USB interfaces can also discharge and output.
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 When the bidirectional power supply device 5 is charged using the USB Type-C interface that can transmit power in both directions, it can also output AC power to power the electrical equipment. At this time, all USB Type-A interfaces and USB Type-C interfaces that output power to the outside can be discharged. output.
  • the power management module 501 after the power management module 501 selects the first charging method, the second charging method, or the third charging method, it can charge the third energy storage device 60 or the fourth energy storage device 507 using the selected charging method. , while outputting electrical energy to power tools or other electrical equipment.
  • the charging circuit in the bidirectional power supply device 5 may include multiple power transmission paths, each energy storage device corresponds to one power transmission path, and each power transmission path is provided with an electronic switch Q to control the flow of electric energy. Transmission direction.
  • the above-mentioned electronic switch Q can be a back-to-back power switch tube, that is, two MOS tubes connected in reverse series.
  • the above-mentioned electronic switch Q can be a back-to-back power switch tube, that is, two MOS tubes connected in reverse series.
  • Q5 and Q6 are back-to-back MOS tubes Q1 and Q2 on the Bat1 power transmission path, back-to-back MOS tubes Q3 and Q4 on the Bat2 power transmission path, and back-to-back MOS tubes on the Bat3 power transmission
  • the energy storage devices Bat1, Bat2 and Bat3 can be consistent with the Bat1, Bat2 and Bat3 in Figures 36a to 36d, that is, Bat1 is the fourth energy storage device of the built-in battery pack, and Bat2 and Bat3 are the external battery pack, that is, the third energy storage device. .
  • the built-in battery packs and external battery packs in Bat1, Bat2, and Bat3 may not be distinguished.
  • the controller can control the conduction state of the MOS tubes connected in series, thereby controlling the charging or discharging of the battery pack disposed on the power transmission path.
  • the charging of Bat1 can be controlled when Q1 is on and Q2 is off, the charging of Bat2 can be controlled when Q3 is on and Q4 is off, and the charging of Bat3 can be controlled when Q5 is on and Q6 is off.
  • the controller can control the on and off of the above-mentioned switch tube according to the current charging mode or charging strategy, thereby charging the corresponding battery pack.
  • several back-to-back switch tubes as shown in Figure 38 can also be used to be arranged on the power transmission path of each battery pack. The specific working states of these types of switch tubes will not be described in detail here. .
  • the MOS power switch transistor in FIG. 37 may be a gallium nitride power device or an IGBT.
  • FIG. 39 illustrates the stacking between two bidirectional power supply devices as an example. By stacking power supply, the overall output power of multiple bidirectional power supply devices can be increased, and the total capacity of the energy storage device can be increased.
  • the capacity of the power supply device system formed by stacking multiple bidirectional power supply devices 5 is positively related to the number of connected third energy storage devices 60
  • the output power of the power supply device system is also related to the number of connected third energy storage devices 60
  • the number of third energy storage devices 60 is positively correlated.
  • the AC output terminals 53 of the two bidirectional power supply devices 5 may be electrically coupled, or part of the DC output terminals of the two bidirectional power supply devices 5 may be electrically coupled.
  • summer or winter when household electricity load is heavy, power outages may occur.
  • the stacked use of multiple bidirectional power supply devices 5 can meet household power needs within a certain period of time.
  • When multiple bidirectional power supply devices 5 are stacked The outer housings or other structural components of each bidirectional power supply device may be mechanically connected.
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 in Figures 39 to 40b may also be provided with a fourth energy storage device.
  • a bidirectional power supply device 5 can be superimposed with multiple third energy storage devices 60 for discharge, thereby gradually increasing the total discharge capacity of the bidirectional power supply device 5 and providing it with long-lasting battery life.
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 involved in this embodiment is consistent with the bidirectional power supply device 5 in Figures 33 and 35. Therefore, some of the labels in this embodiment follow the labels in Figures 33 and 35. Devices or modules with the same labels refer to The content is consistent.
  • the fourth energy storage device is not shown in the bidirectional power supply device 5 shown in Figure 41.
  • the third energy storage device 60 may include a battery pack for an electric tool, and the third energy storage device 60 may be built in Expansion warehouse 61.
  • multiple third energy storage devices 60 are cascaded and connected to the bidirectional power supply device 5.
  • the cascade connection of the third energy storage device 60 can be connected in series and/or in parallel. That is to say, the energy output by the plurality of third energy storage devices 60 can be transferred step by step until it is transferred to the bidirectional power supply device 5 .
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 includes a housing 511, and a fourth energy storage device 507 is fixedly provided in the housing 511.
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 can be detachably cascaded with at least one capacity expansion device 6 to increase its total capacity.
  • the capacity expansion device 6 directly connected to the bidirectional power supply device 5 is defined as the first capacity expansion device 601
  • the capacity expansion device 6 indirectly connected to the bidirectional power supply device 5 is defined as the second capacity expansion device 602 .
  • the first expansion device 601 can be detachably connected to the corresponding electrical connection terminal (not shown) and the structural connection terminal 5B on the bidirectional power supply device 5 through the electrical connection terminal 60A and the structural connection terminal 60B.
  • the second capacity expansion device 602 is connected to the first capacity expansion device 601 .
  • the electrical connection method and the structural connection method of the two capacity expansion devices can be consistent with the connection method between the first capacity expansion device 601 and the bidirectional power supply device 5 .
  • the electrical connection between each second capacity expansion device 602 The connection method and structural connection method may also be consistent with the connection method between the first capacity expansion device 601 and the bidirectional power supply device 5 .
  • the structural connection end 60B and the corresponding structural connection end 5B on the bidirectional power supply device 5 can be called an interlocking device.
  • the interlocking device has a locked state and an unlocked state. In the locked state, the bidirectional power supply device 5 can be directly connected to the first expansion device 601, and the two integrally form a power supply device; in the unlocked state, the bidirectional power supply device 5 can be used as a separate power supply device. This application does not limit the specific structure of the interlocking device.
  • the expansion chamber 61 and the third energy storage device 60 built therein can be collectively referred to as the expansion device 6 , that is to say, the expansion device 6 includes the expansion chamber 61 and the third energy storage device 60 .
  • the capacity expansion device 6 may also include a device cover 62 , which is disposed at the entrance of the capacity expansion chamber 61 . When the device cover 62 is opened, the third energy storage device 60 can be placed in the expansion compartment 61 or taken out from the expansion compartment 61 .
  • the device cover 62 may be made of transparent or translucent material, so that the user can observe the power display information or charging and discharging status of the third energy storage device 60 inside through the device cover 62 .
  • the third energy storage device 60 and the expansion compartment 61 are respectively provided with locking mechanisms that can cooperate with each other for locking the third energy storage device after the third energy storage device 60 is installed in the expansion compartment 61 .
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 may itself include a capacity expansion device 6 .
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 includes a device main body 512 and a capacity expansion device 6 that is detachably cascaded to the device main body 512 . That is to say, the device main body 512 and the capacity expansion device 6 together constitute the bidirectional power supply device 5 .
  • the electrical connection and structural connection between the device main body 512 and the capacity expansion device 6 are consistent with those in the above embodiments, and will not be described again here.
  • the device main body 512 and the capacity expansion device 6 may also be provided with handles 7 so that the user can carry the device main body 512 or the capacity expansion device 6 alone.
  • the handle 7 can also be provided on the top of the device body 7 or at other locations.
  • the device body 512 and the capacity expansion device 6 may also be detachably connected structurally or electrically by means of plugging or unplugging.
  • the device body 512 includes a fourth energy storage device 507 built therein (not shown), at least one power input terminal 5121, at least one power output terminal 5122 and a bidirectional energy conversion module.
  • the power input terminal 5121 and the power output terminal 5122 can be consistent with the power transmission terminals shown in FIG. 33 , that is, refer to the AC power input terminal 51 , the first DC input/output terminal 52 , and the AC power transmission terminal in FIG. 33 .
  • the output terminal 53 and the second direct current input/output terminal 54 provide an electric energy output terminal 5121 and an electric energy output terminal 5122.
  • This application does not specifically limit the types of the power input terminal and the power output terminal, as well as their positions on the device body 512 .
  • the design of the bidirectional energy change module in this embodiment is consistent with the energy conversion circuit 43 in the above embodiment, and will not be described again here.
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 can increase the total capacity of the device while keeping the output voltage and output power unchanged by cascading multiple capacity expansion devices 6 . That is to say, the output power or rated voltage of any expansion device 6 connected to the device body 512 is the same as the output power or rated voltage of the fourth energy storage device 507 in the device body 512 .
  • the bidirectional power supply device 5 can be used to cascade multiple capacity expansion devices 6 for power supply to increase the total capacity of the device and ensure battery life.
  • the capacity expansion device 6 can at least have one or more third energy storage devices 60 built-in.
  • the electrical parameters of the plurality of third energy storage devices 60 may be the same or different.
  • the electrical parameters may include the rated voltage or capacity of the third energy storage device 60 , etc.
  • the plurality of third energy storage devices 60 are all 56V battery packs.
  • the plurality of third energy storage devices 60 include 12V, 18V and 20V battery packs.
  • the electrical parameters of all third energy storage devices 60 in the first capacity expansion device 601 may be the same, while the electrical parameters of all the third energy storage devices 60 in the second capacity expansion device 601 are different. In one embodiment, all third energy storage devices 60 in the first capacity expansion device 601 have different electrical parameters, while all third energy storage devices 60 in the second capacity expansion device 601 have the same electrical parameters. In one embodiment, the electrical parameters of all third energy storage devices 60 in the first capacity expansion device 601 are different, and the electrical parameters of all the third energy storage devices 60 in the second capacity expansion device 601 are different. The electrical parameters of all the third energy storage devices 60 are different. In one embodiment, the electrical parameters of all third energy storage devices 60 in the first capacity expansion device 601 are the same, and the electrical parameters of all the third energy storage devices 60 in the second capacity expansion device 601 are the same.
  • all third energy storage devices 60 in the same capacity expansion device 6 may be connected in parallel and/or in series. Specifically, it is related to whether the electrical parameters of all the third energy storage devices 60 in the capacity expansion device 6 are the same, and whether the electrical parameters of the third energy storage devices and the fourth energy storage device 507 are the same.
  • the rated voltage of the bidirectional power supply device 5 is 56V, that is, the rated output voltage of the device body 512 is 56V.
  • the third energy storage device 60 in the first capacity expansion device 601 is a 56V battery pack, then the All the third energy storage devices 60 are connected in parallel; if the first capacity expansion device 601 includes 18V and 20V battery packs, all the third energy storage devices 60 in the first capacity expansion device 601 may be connected in series or in parallel.
  • the electrical connection between the first capacity expansion device 601 and the second capacity expansion device 602 connected to the device body 512 is a parallel connection.
  • the power management module in the bidirectional power supply device 5 can not only manage the charge and discharge of the fourth energy storage device 507 in the device body 512, but also manage the fourth energy storage device 507 and the third capacity expansion device 6. Energy transfer between energy storage devices 60 .
  • the third energy storage device 60 can be controlled to charge the fourth energy storage device 507
  • the fourth energy storage device 507 can also be controlled to charge the third energy storage device 60 .
  • the power management module can also control the fourth energy storage device 507 to charge part of the third energy storage device 60 in the capacity expansion device 6, or control part of the third energy storage device 60 in the capacity expansion device 6 to charge the fourth energy storage device 507. Energy storage device 507 is charged.
  • the capacity expansion device 6 may be provided with a capacity expansion management module (not shown), which can be electrically and/or communicatively connected to the power management module in the device body 512 . Therefore, other battery information such as the battery type, power capacity or voltage of the third energy storage device 60 in the capacity expansion device 6 can be transmitted to the device.
  • the power management module is installed in the main body 512 so that the battery management module controls the power transmission between the device main body 512 or the capacity expansion device 6 .
  • the capacity expansion management module in the second capacity expansion device 602 can be electrically and communicatively connected with the capacity expansion management module in the first capacity expansion device 601 , and the capacity expansion management module in the first capacity expansion device 601 can be connected with the device main body 512
  • the power management module in the second capacity expansion device 602 is electrically connected and communicatively connected, so that the capacity expansion management module in the second capacity expansion device 602 can indirectly communicate with the power management module.
  • the power management module can also manage the power supply of the bidirectional power supply device 5 to external electrical equipment.
  • a traveling wheel set can be detachably connected under the lowermost expansion device 6 so that the user can push or pull the bidirectional power supply device 5.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

一种双向电源装置及系统，双向电源装置包括：交流电输入端，设置为输入交流电至双向电源装置；交流电输出端，设置为输出交流电至交流电设备；直流电输入或输出端，设置为至少能在双向电源装置和直流电设备之间双向传输直流电；双向能量变换模块，设置为至少能对输入双向电源装置的电能进行多种能量变换；电源管理模块，至少与交流电输入端，交流电输出端和直流电输入或输出端电连接；电源管理模块被配置为：根据交流电输入端或交流电输出端或直流电输入或输出端的端口连接情况，控制双向能量变换模块的能量变换方式。

Description

双向电源装置及系统
本申请要求在2022年05月26日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210581680.5的中国专利申请的优先权，要求在2023年01月18日提交中国专利局、申请号为202310067166.4的中国专利申请的优先权，以及要求在2023年04月21日提交中国专利局、申请号为202310436685.3的中国专利申请的优先权，上述申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及一种能量装置，例如涉及一种双向电源装置及系统。
背景技术
采用交流市电为电池包充电时需要借助充电器对交流电进行能量转换，而将电池包作为交流用电设备的电源时需要借助逆变器对电池包的能量进行转换。一般，向负载输出能量的逆变器，或者向电池包输出充电能量的充电器只能进行单向的能量输出。
发明内容
本申请提供一种能实现能量双向流动的双向电源装置及系统。
本申请采用如下的技术方案：
一种能量装置，包括：负载接口，用于接入负载；第一电源接口，用于接入交流电源；第二电源接口，包括适于连接到电池包的电池连接端子；能量变换电路，能在接入所述交流电源和所述电池包时为所述电池包提供充电能量，或者在接入所述电池包和所述负载时为所述负载提供放电能量。
一种能量装置，包括：负载接口，用于接入负载；电源接口，用于接入交流电源和/或电池包；能量变换电路，能在接入所述交流电源和所述电池包时为所述电池包提供充电能量，或者在接入所述电池包和所述负载时为所述负载提供放电能量；所述能量装置提供所述充电能量的充电功率大于等于50W且小于 等于8KW；所述能量装置提供所述放电能量的放电功率大于等于50W且小于等于8KW。
一种能量装置，包括：负载接口，用于接入负载；电源接口，用于接入交流电源和/或电池包；能量变换电路，能在接入所述交流电源和所述电池包时为所述电池包提供充电能量，或者在接入所述电池包和所述负载时为所述负载提供放电能量；所述能量装置提供所述充电能量的充电电流大于等于1A且小于等于150A；所述能量装置提供所述放电能量的放电电流大于等于1A且小于等于150A。
一种能量装置，包括：壳体；负载接口，用于接入负载；第一电源接口，用于接入交流电源；第二电源接口，用于接入所述第一储能装置；第二储能装置，设置在所述壳体内，以存储电能；能量变换电路，能与所述负载接口、所述第一电源接口、所述第二电源接口和所述第二储能装置电连接，对接入的电能进行多种能量变换，并将变换后的电能提供给所述第二电源接口或者所述负载接口或者所述第二储能装置。
一种能量装置，包括：负载接口，用于接入负载；第一电源接口，用于接入交流电源；第二电源接口，包括适于连接到电池包的电池连接端子；能量变换电路，具有第一电路端和第二电路端；其中，所述第一电路端与所述负载接口、所述第一电源接口以及所述第二电源接口中的一个或两个电连接，所述第二电路端与剩余接口中的至少一个电连接；所述能量变换电路能对接入的电能进行多种能量变换，输出提供至所述第一电路端的电能和提供至所述第二电路端的电能。
一种能量装置，包括：负载接口，用于接入负载；第一电源接口，用于接入交流电源；第二电源接口，包括适于连接到电池包的电池连接端子；能量变 换电路，具有第一电路端和第二电路端；其中，所述第一电路端与所述负载接口、所述第一电源接口以及所述第二电源接口中的一个或两个电连接，所述第二电路端与剩余接口中的至少一个电连接；所述能量变换电路能对接入的电能进行多种能量变换，输出提供至所述第一电路端的电能和提供至所述第二电路端的电能；所述能量装置提供所述电能时的输出功率大于等于50W且小于等于8KW。
一种能量装置，包括：负载接口，用于接入负载；第一电源接口，用于接入交流电源；第二电源接口，包括适于连接到电池包的电池连接端子；能量变换电路，具有第一电路端和第二电路端；其中，所述第一电路端与所述负载接口、所述第一电源接口以及所述第二电源接口中的一个或两个电连接，所述第二电路端与剩余接口中的至少一个电连接；所述能量变换电路能对接入的电能进行多种能量变换，输出提供至所述第一电路端的电能和提供至所述第二电路端的电能；所述能量装置提供所述能量时的输出电流大于等于1A且小于等于150A。
一种能量装置，包括：壳体；负载接口，用于接入负载；外部电源接口，用于接入交流电源和第一储能装置，以及用于接入所述第一储能装置；内部电源接口，用于接入设置在所述壳体内的第二储能装置；能量变换电路，具有第一电路端和第二电路端；其中，所述第一电路端与所述负载接口、所述外部电源接口以及所述内部电源接口中的至少一个电连接，所述第二电路端与剩余接口中的至少一个电连接；所述能量变换电路能对接入的电能进行多种能量变换，输出提供至所述第一电路端的电能和提供至所述第二电路端的电能。
一种能量系统，包括：负载；电池包，用以提供直流供电电能；交流电源，用以提供交流供电电能；能量装置，至少包括：负载接口，用于接入所述负载； 第一电源接口，用于接入所述交流电源；第二电源接口，包括适于连接到所述电池包的电池连接端子；所述能量装置，能输出不同流动方向的供电电能，以为所述电池包或所述负载供电。
一种能量系统，包括：负载；第一储能装置，用以储存电能；交流电源，用以提供交流供电电能；能量装置，与所述第一储能装置、所述交流电源和所述负载中的至少两个电连接；控制单元，至少与所述能量装置连接，能控制所述能量装置产生多种能量变换状态；其中，所述能量装置在不同的能量变换状态输出的不同流动方向的电能；所述能量装置提供所述能量时的输出功率大于或等于50W且小于或等于8KW。
一种能量系统，包括：负载；第一储能装置，用以储存电能；交流电源，用以提供交流供电电能；能量装置，与所述第一储能装置、所述交流电源和所述负载中的至少两个电连接；控制单元，至少与所述能量装置连接，能控制所述能量装置产生多种能量变换状态；其中，所述能量装置在不同的能量变换状态输出的不同流动方向的电能；所述能量装置提供所述能量时的输出电流大于等于1A且小于等于150A。
一种能量装置，包括：壳体；负载接口，用于接入负载；电源接口，用于接入交流电源和/或第一储能装置；第二储能装置，设置在所述壳体内，以储存电能；所述能量装置，用于输出不同流动方向的充电电流或放电电流，以为所述第一储能装置或所述第二储能装置或所述负载提供电能。
一种行走设备，包括：主机；行走轮组，包括支撑所述主机的行走轮；功能组件，安装在所述主机上，以供所述行走设备执行附件功能；储能装置，用于存储能量；能量装置，能安装在所述主机上，能接入交流电源以所述储能装置充电，或者将所述储能装置中的能量转换后为所述行走设备供电或者为另外 的电动设备供电。
一种能量装置，包括：负载接口，用于接入负载；电源接口，用于接入交流电源和/或电池包；能量变换电路，能在接入所述交流电源和所述电池包时为所述电池包提供充电能量，或者在接入所述电池包和所述负载时为所述负载提供放电能量；其中，所述能量变换电路包括双向DC-DC模块、逆变模块和PFC模块。
一种能量装置，包括：负载接口，用于接入负载；电源接口，用于接入交流电源和/或电池包；能量变换电路，能在接入所述交流电源和所述电池包时为所述电池包提供充电能量，或者在接入所述电池包和所述负载时为所述负载提供放电能量；其中，所述能量变换电路包括两个单相DC-DC模块和双向逆变模块。
一种能量装置，包括：壳体；负载接口，用于接入负载；电源接口，用于接入交流电源和/或第一储能装置；第二储能装置，设置在所述壳体内，以储存电能；能量变换电路，能在接入所述交流电源时为所述第一储能装置和/或所述第二储能装置提供充电能量，或者在接入所述第一储能装置和/或所述第二储能装置时为所述负载提供放电能量；其中，所述能量变换电路包括双向DC-DC模块、逆变模块和PFC模块。
一种能量装置，包括：壳体；负载接口，用于接入负载；电源接口，用于接入交流电源和/或第一储能装置；第二储能装置，设置在所述壳体内，以储存电能；能量变换电路，能在接入所述交流电源时为所述第一储能装置和/或所述第二储能装置提供充电能量，或者在接入所述第一储能装置和/或所述第二储能装置时为所述负载提供放电能量；其中，所述能量变换电路包括两个单相DC-DC模块和双向逆变模块。
一种双向电源装置，包括：交流电输入端，设置为输入交流电至所述双向电源装置；交流电输出端，设置为输出交流电至交流电设备；直流电输入或输出端，设置为至少能在所述双向电源装置和直流电设备之间双向传输直流电；双向能量变换模块，设置为至少能对输入所述双向电源装置的电能进行多种能量变换；电源管理模块，至少与所述交流电输入端，所述交流电输出端和所述直流电输入或输出端电连接；所述电源管理模块被配置为：根据所述交流电输入端或所述交流电输出端或所述直流电输入或输出端的端口连接情况，控制所述双向能量变换模块的能量变换方式。
一种双向电源装置，包括：壳体；交流电输入端，设置为输入交流电至所述双向电源装置；交流电输出端，设置为输出交流电至交流电设备；直流电输入或输出端，设置为至少能在所述双向电源装置和直流电设备之间双向传输直流电，其中所述直流电设备至少包括能够存储电能和输出电能的第三储能装置；双向能量变换模块，设置为至少能对输入所述双向电源装置的电能进行多种能量变换；电源管理模块，至少与所述交流电输入端，所述交流电输出端和所述直流电输入或输出端电连接；所述电源管理模块被配置为：根据所述交流电输入端或所述交流电输出端或所述直流电输入或输出端的端口连接情况，控制所述双向能量变换模块的能量变换方式；所述交流电输出端和/或所述直流电输入或输出端的输出功率大于等于600W。
一种双向电源装置，包括：壳体；交流电输入端，设置为输入交流电至所述双向电源装置；交流电输出端，设置为输出交流电至交流电设备；直流电输入或输出端，设置为至少能在所述双向电源装置和直流电设备之间双向传输直流电；双向能量变换模块，设置为至少能对输入所述双向电源装置的电能进行多种能量变换；电源管理模块，至少与所述交流电输入端，所述交流电输出端 和所述直流电输入或输出端电连接；其中，所述直流电设备至少包括第三储能装置；所述双向电源装置还包括设置在所述壳体内的第四储能装置；所述电源管理模块被配置为控制所述第三储能装置和所述第四储能装置的放电方式。
一种双向电源装置，包括：壳体；交流电输入端，设置为输入交流电至所述双向电源装置；交流电输出端，设置为输出交流电至交流电设备；直流电输入或输出端，设置为至少能在所述双向电源装置和直流电设备之间双向传输直流电；双向能量变换模块，设置为至少能对输入所述双向电源装置的电能进行多种能量变换；电源管理模块，至少与所述交流电输入端，所述交流电输出端和所述直流电输入或输出端电连接；其中，所述直流电设备至少包括第三储能装置；所述双向电源装置还包括设置在所述壳体内的第四储能装置；所述电源管理模块被配置为根据所述交流电输入端和所述直流电输入或输出端接入充电电源的情况，控制所述第三储能装置和所述第四储能装置充电。
一种电源装置系统，包括：多个双向电源装置；所述双向电源装置包括：至少一个电能输入端，设置为输入电能至所述双向电源装置；至少一个电能输出端，设置为输出电能至用电设备；双向能量变换模块，设置为至少能对输入所述双向电源装置的电能进行多种能量变换；其中，至少两个所述双向电源装置的至少一个所述电能输出端电耦合后输出电能。
一种双向电源装置，包括：壳体；至少一个电能输入端，设置为输入电能至所述双向电源装置；至少一个电能输出端，设置为输出电能至用电设备；双向能量变换模块，设置为至少能对输入所述双向电源装置的电能进行多种能量变换；其中，至少一个所述电能输入端级联多个第三储能装置或者每个所述电能输入端连接一个所述第三储能装置。
一种双向电源装置，包括：壳体；至少一个电能输入端，设置为输入电能 至所述双向电源装置；至少一个电能输出端，设置为输出电能至用电设备；双向能量变换模块，设置为至少能对输入所述双向电源装置的电能进行多种能量变换；其中，所述双向电源装置可拆卸级联至少一个扩容装置；所述扩容装置内置至少一个第三储能装置。
一种双向电源装置，包括：装置主体；所述装置主体包括：第四储能装置，内置于所述装置主体；至少一个电能输入端，设置为输入电能至所述双向电源装置；至少一个电能输出端，设置为输出电能至用电设备；双向能量变换模块，设置为至少能对输入所述双向电源装置的电能进行多种能量变换；其中，所述双向电源装置还包括：至少一个扩容装置，可拆卸级联至所述装置主体；所述扩容装置内置至少一个第三储能装置。
一种双向电源装置，包括：壳体；至少一个电能输入端，设置为输入电能至所述双向电源装置；至少一个电能输出端，设置为输出电能至用电设备；双向能量变换模块，设置为至少能对输入所述双向电源装置的电能进行多种能量变换；其中，所述双向电源装置可拆卸级联至少一个扩容装置；所述扩容装置内置至少一个第三储能装置；所述扩容装置内的多个第三储能装置的电参数不同。
附图说明
图1a是本申请一个实施方式中能量系统的结构示意图；
图1b-图1d是本申请一个实施方式中可能的负载结构图；
图2是本申请一个实施方式中能量装置的结构示意图；
图3至图5是本申请一个实施方式中能量装置三种连接关系的示意图；
图6a是本申请一个实施方式中能量变换电路的电路架构示意图；
图6b是本申请一个实施方式中多个能量变换单元构成的一种能量变换电路示意图；
图7是本申请一个实施方式中多个能量变换单元构成的另一种能量变换电路示意图；
图8是本申请一个实施方式中三级变换电路的示意图；
图9是图8中SST电路的电路图；
图10a-图10d是图8中SST电路在能量装置处于升压逆变模态时的电路状态图；
图10e是图8中SST电路在能量装置处于升压逆变模态时的时序图；
图10f-图10i是图8中SST电路在能量装置处于整流充电模态时的电路状态图；
图10j是图8中SST电路在能量装置处于整流充电模态时的时序图；
图11是图8中Buck\Boost电路的一种电路图；
图12a和图12b是图8中Buck\Boost电路在能量装置处于升压逆变模态时的电路状态图；
图12c是图8中Buck\Boost电路在能量装置处于升压逆变模态时的时序图；
图12d和图12e是图8中Buck\Boost电路在能量装置处于整流充电模态时的电路状态图；
图12f是图8中Buck\Boost电路在能量装置处于整流充电模态时的时序图；
图13是图8中Buck\Boost电路的另一种电路图；
图14a-图14d是图8中Buck\Boost电路的电路状态图；
图14e是图8中Buck\Boost电路的时序图；
图15是图8中逆变器\PFC电路的一种电路图；
图16a-图16d是图8中逆变器\PFC电路在能量装置处于升压逆变模态时的电路状态图；
图16e是图8中逆变器\PFC电路在能量装置处于升压逆变模态时的时序图；
图17a-图17d是图8中逆变器\PFC电路在能量装置处于升压逆变模态时的一种电路状态图；
图17e是图8中逆变器\PFC电路在能量装置处于升压逆变模态时的一种时序图；
图18是图8中逆变器\PFC电路的一种电路图；
图19a-图19d是图8中逆变器\PFC电路在能量装置处于整流充电模态时的电路状态图；
图19e是图8中逆变器\PFC电路在能量装置处于整流充电模态时的时序图；
图20为PFC电路的双闭环控制框图；
图21a和图21b为PFC电路中电流环控制框图；
图22是增加前馈解耦的PFC电路中电流环控制框图；
图23为确定电流环传递函数后PFC电路的双闭环控制框图；
图24为代入参数后的PFC电路的双闭环控制框图；
图25为增加一级增益解耦的PFC电路的双闭环控制框图；
图26为增加两级增益解耦的PFC电路的双闭环控制框图；
图27是一种LLC电路图；
图28是两级式LLC电路图；
图29是本申请一个实施方式中两级变换电路的示意图；
图30是图8中DAB电路的电路图；
图31是能量装置内能量变换电路的一种结构示意图；
图32是能量装置内能量变换电路的另一种结构示意图；
图33是本实施例中双向电源装置的一种生态系统示意图；
图34是本实施例中一种双向电源装置的电路图；
图35是本实施例中一种双向电源装置的电路图；
图36a至图36d是本实施例中储能装置充电过程的示意图；
图37是本实施例中电能传输路径的一种电路图；
图38是本实施例中电能传输路径的另一种电路图；
图39是本实施例中一种双向电源装置堆叠的电路图；
图40a和图40b是图39所示的双向电源装置堆叠的结构示意图；
图41是本实施例中一种双向电源装置堆叠的电路图；
图42是图41所示的双向电源装置堆叠的结构示意图；
图43是图41所示的双向电源装置堆叠的一种爆炸图；
图44是图41所示的双向电源装置堆叠的一个角度的爆炸图；
图45是图41所示的双向电源装置堆叠的另一角度爆炸图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本申请作具体的介绍。可以理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释本申请，而非对本申请的限定。另外还需要说明的是，为了便于描述，附图中仅示出了与本申请相关的部分而非全部结构。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本申请说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例，不是旨在于限制本申请。本文所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
本申请的技术方案所适用的负载可以是一种电动工具，该电动工具可以为手持式动力工具，例如，钻、修枝机、砂光机等。或者，动力工具还可以为台型工具，例如，台锯、斜切锯等。或者，该电动工具还可以是手推式动力工具，例如，手推式割草机、手推式扫雪机。或者，电动工具还可以是骑乘式动力工具，例如，骑乘式割草机、骑乘式车辆、全地形车等。或者，电动工具还可以是机器人工具，例如，割草机器人、扫雪机器人等。在一些实施例中，该电动工具可以为电钻、电灯、电动车等。在一些实施例中，该电动工具还可以为园林工具，例如修枝机、吹风机、割草机、链锯等。或者，电动工具还可以为装潢工具，例如螺丝批、钉枪、圆锯、砂光机等。在一些实施例中，电动工具还可以为植被护理工具，例如打草机、割草机、修枝机、链锯等。或者，电动工具还可以为清洁工具，例如吹风机、扫雪机、清洗机等。或者，电动工具还可以为钻类工具，例如钻、螺丝批、扳手、电锤等。或者，电动工具还可以为锯类工具，例如往复锯、曲线锯、圆锯等。或者，电动工具还可以为台型工具，例如台锯、斜切锯、金属切割机、电木铣等。或者，电动工具还可以为打磨类工具，例如角磨、砂光机等。或者，电动工具还可以为其它工具，例如灯、风扇等。当然负载也可以包括其他类型的家用电设备。
需要说明的，本申请中的储能装置可以包括电池包，或者包括直流电源，在不同实施方式中电池包、储能装置、直流电源以及电池等可以等同替换，即上述名称均可以理解为相同的意思。本申请中的交流电源，交流市电或者电网等也可以等同替换。
参考图1a所示的能量系统，包括直流电源10、交流电源20、负载30以及能量装置40。其中，直流电源10可以是一种适用于电动工具的可充电式电池包，例如锂电池包、磷酸铁锂电池包等。本申请实施例中，直流电源10主要指工具 用电池包，后续可以直接用电池包10代替直流电源10。交流电源20可以是交流市电，或者通过其他充电桩或者转接设备接入的交流电。能量装置40，可以是一种能进行能量转换以及能量传输的设备。在本实施例中，能量装置40的能量传输方向不唯一，其中的能量传输方向与其所连接的电源类型或者是否连接负载相关，也可以与其所连接的电源或负载的电参数相关。
在一个实施例中，能量装置40能够与上述直流电源10、交流电源20或负载30连接，从而能量装置40能与上述电池包10、交流电源20或负载30构成多种连接关系。示例性的，能量装置40可以与电池包10和交流电源20建立连接关系，也可以与电池包10和负载30建立连接关系，也可以与交流电源20和负载30建立连接关系，也可以与电池包10、交流电源20以及负载30建立连接关系。不同连接关系下，能量装置40中的能量传输方向可以不同。
在一种实施方式中，能量装置40连接交流电源20和负载30的情况下，可以采用交流电源20提供的电能为负载30供电。在一种实施方式中，能量装置40连接交流电源20和工具用电池包10的情况下，可以采用交流电源20提供的电能为电池包10充电。在一种实施方式中，能量装置40连接电池包和负载30的情况下，可以采用电池包10提供的电能为负载30供电。在一种实施方式中，能量装置40在同时接入交流电源20、电池包以及负载30的情况下，可以为电池包充电，同时为电动工具30供电。
在一个实施例中，能量装置40的一端可以连接磷酸铁锂电池包，一端连接负载，从而采用磷酸铁锂电池包为负载供电。在一个实施例中，能量装置40可以通过一个转接器连接磷酸铁锂电池包，一端连接负载，从而采用磷酸铁锂电池为负载供电。在一个实施例中，能量装置40可以通过一个转接器连接磷酸铁锂电池包，一端接入交流市电，以为磷酸铁锂电池包充电。
在一个实施例中，能量装置40可以是图1b所示的充电器40。其中第一电源接口401a能接入交流市电，第二电源接口401b能接入电池包，负载接口402能接入多种不同类型的电动工具或者家用电动设备等。其中，第二电源接口401b可以是Type-C接口，USB接口，Pin接口或者lighting接口等。
在一个实施例中，如图1c所示的行走设备300可以是一种骑乘式园林电动工具。该行走设备300可以包括主机3001，行走轮组3002，功能组件3003，储能装置3004以及能量装置40。在本实施例中，功能组件3003可以是割草组件。在其他实施例中，功能组件也可以是扫雪组件或者吹风组件等。储能装置3004可以固定安装在行走设备300前端的壳体内或者可拆卸的安装在行走设备300上。在一个实施例中，能量装置40可以内置在行走设备300内，或者紧邻储能装置3004设置，或者储能装置3004设置在能量装置40内，或者储能装置3004安装在能量装置40上端或者下端。在一个实施例中，能量装置40也可以可拆卸的安装在行走设备300上。在一个实施例中，行走设备300的外部还可以设有第一电源接口300a和负载接口300b，从而行走设备300可以直接接入交流电网为储能装置3004充电，或者接入其他电动设备以为其他电动设备供电。例如，家用热水器，咖啡机，搅拌机等可以直接通过负载接口300b由行走设备300获取电能。
如图1d所示的户外行走设备也可以是全地形车310，储能装置3101和能量装置3102可以被设置在车体前端，车盖内部。车辆前端可以设有第一电源接口310a和负载接口310b，从而全地形车310可以直接接入交流电网为储能装置3101充电，或者接入其他电动设备以为其他电动设备供电。在本实施例中，储能装置3101和能量装置3102设置在前行走轮493附近，储能装置3101设置在能量装置3102的上侧。可选的，储能装置3101和能量装置3102也可以被设置 在后行走轮附近。
在一个实施例中，能量装置40中的充电协议可以与电动汽车充电桩接口的充电协议相匹配，从而能量装置40能够与汽车充电桩连接，为工具用电池包充电或者为其他负载供电，例如为家庭用电设备，搅拌机、微波炉等供电。
在一个实施例中，能量装置40中还可以内置电池，该内置电池可以不可拆卸的安装在能量装置40中。在一个实施例中，能量装置40可以通过加入的交流市电为内置的电池充电。在一个实施例中，能量装置40可以采用内置电池为接入的负载供电。在一个实施例中，能量装置40中的内置电池可以向接入的外置的电池包10放电。
在一个实施例中，能量装置40在不同连接关系下所传输的能量可以是具有不同流动方向的充电电流或者放电电流。
在一个实施例中，参考图2能量装置40具有两个电源接口401。在一个电源接口401a接入交流电网，一个电源接口401b接入电池包时，能量装置40可以将交流电网的电能转换成为充电电流以为电池包充电。其中，用于接入电池包的第二电源接口401b可以是适于连接到电池包的电池连接端子，该端子的类型可以匹配多种接口的电池包，与电池包上的充电端口相匹配。例如，电池连接端子可以是连接极片、Type-C接口、无线充电端口等。另外，能量装置40还具有负载接口402，在一个实施例中，负载接口402一般可以是交流输出接口，能够输出交流电以为负载供电。也就是说，通过检测装置40可以实现DC-AC以及AC-DC的能量转换。
在一个实施例中，参考图3所示的连接关系：在一个电源接口401b接入电池包，负载接口402接入电动工具30时，能量装置40可以将电池包的电能转换后为负载30提供能量。在本实施例中，能量装置40接入的电源或者工具确 定后，其中的能量流动方向也可以确定。也就是说，能量装置40当前在能量系统中的连接关系确定后，其内部的能量流动方向是确定的。在上述连接关系下，能量装置40可以将交流电网的电能转化为充电电能以为电池包10充电，图3中线1代表充电电流的流动方向。在本实施例中，能量装置40可以将电池包10的电能转换为放电电能以为电动工具30供电，图3中线2代表放电电流的流动方向。在本实施例中，能量装置40提供充电能量的充电电流大于或等于1A且小于或等于150A，能量装置40提供放电能力的放电电流大于或等于1A且小于或等于350A。在一个实施例中，能量装置40输出的最大充电电流可以在150A上下浮动，能量装置40输出的最大放电电流可以在350A上下浮动。在一个实施例中，能量装置40能提供的充电电流大于等于25A且小于等于150A，能量装置40能提供的放电电流大于等于25A且小于等于150A。例如，充电电流为50A，60A，70A，80A，90A，100A，120A，130A，140A，150A。例如，放电电流为50A，60A，70A，80A，90A，100A，120A，130A，140A，150A。
在一个实施例中，能量装置40提供充电能量的充电功率大于等于50W且小于等于8KW，例如可以是50W，100W，150W，200W，500W，550W，1.2KW，1.5KW，2KW，3KW，4KW，5KW，6KW，7KW，8KW。能量装置40提供放电能量的放电功率大于等于50W且小于等于8KW，例如可以是50W，100W，150W，200W，500W，550W，1.2KW，1.5KW，2KW，3KW，4KW，5KW，6KW，7KW，8KW。
在一个本实施例中，能量装置40可以是一种充电器，能输出大于等于550W且小于等于8KW的充电功率。
本实施例中图3所示的连接关系可能发生在如下场景中：电网正常的情况下，电网可以通过能量装置40为电池包充电；电网不正常或者位于不存在电网 的地方，电池包可以通过能量装置40为负载供电。也就是说，能量装置40即可以作为充电器使用也可以作为逆变器使用，能实现能量的双向流动。
在一个实施例中，参考图4所示的连接关系：能量装置40可以如上述实施例所述，接入交流电网20和电池包10，将交流电网20输出的电能转化后输出为电池包10充电的充电电流；或者接入电池包10和电动工具20，将电池包10输出的电能转化后输出为电动工具20供电的放电电流。不同之处在于，本实施例中能量装置40还可以同时接入交流电网20、电池包10和电动工具30。在这种情况下，能量装置40可以将交流电网20输出的电能转换为电池包10充电的充电电流以及为电动工具20供电的放电电流。也就是说，本实施例中能量装置40输出的放电电流除了是电池包10提供的还可以是交流电网20提供的。
本实施例提供的连接关系可能发生在如下场景中：电网正常的情况下，电网可以通过能量装置40为电池包充电，并可通过能量装置40给电动工具30供电；电网不正常或者位于不存在电网的地方，电池包可以通过能量装置40为电动工具供电。也就是说，能量装置40即可以作为充电器使用也可以作为逆变器使用，能实现能量的双向流动。
在一个实施例中，参考图5所示的连接关系：能量装置40可以不具有工具接口，不直接接入电动工具20。能量装置40可以将交流电网提供的能量转换为充电电流为电池包10充电。交流电网20可以不经过能量装置40而直接给电动工具30供电。而能量装置40接入电池包10和交流电网20后，可以将交流电网20作为电网节点，将电池包10输出的电能转换后经过电网节点给电动工具30供电。
本实施例提供的连接关系可能发生在如下场景中：电网正常的情况下，电网可以通过能量装置40为电池包充电，并可无需经过能量装置40给电动工具 30供电；电网不正常或者位于不存在电网的地方，交流电网作为电网节点可以传输能量装置40中由电池包提供的放电电流，以为电动工具供电。也就是说，能量装置40即可以作为充电器使用也可以作为逆变器使用，能实现能量的双向流动。
图3至图5示出了能量装置40在不同连接关系下实现能量传输的方式。其中，图中带箭头的直线表示能量流动方向。带箭头直线穿过或经过能量装置40表示该能量装置40能将能量转换后，能提供能量至箭头所指的目标端。带箭头直线未穿过能量装置40表示直线两端的设备或电源无需能量转换可直接进行能量传输。事实上，能量装置40中的能量流动方向除了与该装置当前所处的连接关系相关，还可以与当前连接关系下的电源或者电动工具的电参数相关。
在一个实施例中，如图2所示能量装置40可以包括检测单元41和控制单元42。其中，检测单元41至少能检测负载接口402或电源接口401的连接状态，以及处于当前连接关系下的电动工具30、交流电源20或直流电源10的电参数。示例性的，连接状态可以是负载接口402是否接入工具或电源接口401是否接入电源，以及工具或电源与能量装置40的连接是否稳定等。示例性的，电参数可以是电池包的当前电量、最大充电电流或最大充电电压、电池包的最大充电电量、工具的额定电压、工具的额定电流或者电网的电压等。控制单元42能根据检测单元41检测到的连接状态和电参数，控制能量装置40对能量进行相应的变换以获得满足连接状态和电参数需求的充电电流或放电电流。例如，检测单元41检测到电源接口401a接入交流电网且连接状态稳定，电源接口401b接入电池包且连接状态稳定，电池包的电量较低。控制单元42根据上述检测结果控制能量装置40对交流电网提供的电能进行能量转换后得到充电电流，为电池包充电。
在本实施例中，能量装置40中包括能量变换电路43，能与负载接口402、第一电源接口401a、第二电源接口401b和所述第二储能装置电连接，对接入的电能进行多种能量变换，并将变换后的电能提供给所述第二电源接口或者所述负载接口或者所述第二储能装置。其中，第一储能装置可以是工具用电池包，第二储能装置(未示出)可以是设置在能量装置40中的内置电池。一般，第一储能装置为上述电池包10。
在本实施例中，第一储能装置10的储能材料与第二储能装置的储能材料不同，例如第一储能装置10的储能材料为三元锂材料，第二储能装置的储能材料为磷酸铁锂。在一个实施例中，第一储能装置的总容量与第二储能装置的总容量不同。在一个实施例中，第一储能装置的总容量小于第二储能装置的总容量。在一个实施例中，第一储能装置的总容量大于第二储能装置的总容量。在一个实施例中，第一储能装置的总能量与第二储能装置的总能量不同。在一个实施例中，第一储能装置的总能量小于第二储能装置的总能量。在一个实施例中，第一储能装置的总能量大于第二储能装置的总能量。在一个实施例中，如图2所示能量装置40还可以包括能量变换电路43。能量变换电路43能与负载接口402、第一电源接口401a、第二电源接口401b和第二储能装置电连接，对接入的电能进行多种能量变换，并将变换后的电能提供给第二电源接口401b或者负载接口402或者第二储能装置。能量变换电路43作为能量装置40的核心模块，能依据能量装置40接入的负载或者能量源的不同，改变电路中功能元件或者电路元件的导通状态或闭合状态等，进而获得想要的输出能量，以满足负载的用电需求，或者满足欠压能量源的充电需求等。
在一个实施例中，如图6a所示能量变换电路43具有第一电路端43a和第二电路端43b。也就是说，能量变换电路43作为一个能对电能进行多种变换的 电路，至少具有与电源和负载连接的两个电路端口。其中第一电路端43a能作为能量变换电路43的能量输入端也能作为能量输出端，第二电路端43b能作为能量变换电路43的能量输入端也能作为能量输出端。
在一个实施例中，第一电路端43a能与负载接口402、第一电源接口401a以及第二电源接口401b中的一个或两个电连接，第二电路端43与剩余接口中的至少一个电连接。从而，能量变换电路能43能对接入的电能进行多种能量变换，输出提供至第一电路端43a的电能和提供至第二电路端43b的电能。其中，一个电路端与两个接口连接时，该电路端可以划分为两个端口支路，一个端口支路对接一个接口。示例性的，第一电路端43a与负载接口402、第一电源接口401a连接，第二电路端43b与第二电源接口401b连接，则第一电路端口43a可以通过端口支路43a1和43a2分别连接第一电路端43a和负载接口402。
在一个实施例中，还可以将能量装置40的第一电源接口401a，第二电源接口401b统称为外部电源接口，将能量装置40内用于接入第二储能装置的接口称为内部电源接口。在一个实施例中，能量变换电路43的第一电路端43a可以与负载接口402、外部电源接口以及内部电源接口中的至少一个电连接，第二电路端可以与剩余接口中的至少一个电连接。
在一个实施例中，能量变换电路43可以包括多个能量变换单元，且至少能够产生两种能量变换状态。在一种能量变换状态下，能量装置40能输出提供至第一电路端43a的电能，在另一种能量变换状态下能输出提供至第二电路端43b的电能。也就是说，在一种能量变换状态下，能量装置40能获得稳定的直流充电电流，在另一种能量变换状态下能获得放电电流。在本实施例中，充电电流和放电电流在能量变换电路43中的电流输出端不同，即电流流动方向不同。
在一个实施例中，控制单元42可以根据检测单元41检测到的连接状态或 电参数，控制多个能量变换单元改变各自内部的电路连接状态，以提供合适的输出电能。例如，检测单元41检测到电源接口401b接入电池包且连接状态稳定，电池包的电量满电，负载接口402接入电动工具30且连接状态稳定时，控制单元42控制多个能量变换单元构成能够获得放电电流的能量变换状态，从而提供放电能量给电动工具。
在一个实施例中，能量变换电路43中可以包括三个能量变换单元，每个能量变换单元对应能实现一种能量变换，从而能组成三级变换电路。参考图6b，第一能量变换单元431、第二能量变换单元432、第三能量变换单元433能够组成三级变换电路。也就是说，多个能量变换单元可以将能量装置40中的能量变换过程分成三个等级，每个等级对应一种形式的能量变换。示例性的，三级变换电路可以对输入能量装置40中的能量进行可变电压与不变电压的一级变换、电压升降的二级变换以及直流电与交流电的三级变换。其中的一级变换、二级变换和三级变换只是为了区分能量变换方式的不同，并不代表能量变换的顺序，即三级变换电路所能实现的三级能量变换可以不分先后的进行。
在一个实施例中参考图7，第四能量变换单元434、第五能量变换单元435能够组成两级变换电路。即多个能量变换单元可以将能量装置40中的能量变换过程分成两个等级，每个等级对应一种形式的能量变换。在一种实现方式中，能量装置40包括两个能量变换单元，每个能量变换单元对应能实现一种能量变换，从而能组成两级变换电路。示例性的，本实施例中的两级变换电路可以将上述二级变换和三级变换组合在一起作为一次能量变换。也就是说，两级能量变换可以包括上述一级变换和二级变换构成的组合变换以及上述三级变换。
上述第一至第五能量变换单元可以具有相同的能量变换功能也可以具有不同的能量变换功能。
下面实施例针将结合三级变换电路和两级变换电路的具体拓扑结构说明能量装置40进行能量变换的过程。
在一个实施例中，参考图8能量装置40由三级变换电路构成，具体包括能实现一级变换的SST(Solid-State Transformer，固态变压器)电路，实现二级变换的Buck\Boost电路，实现三级变换的逆变器\PFC(Power Factor Correction，功率因数校正)电路。
其中，SST电路如图9所示，在变压器的原设有半桥电路副边连接有整流二极管。在本实施例中，SST电路能适应能量装置40的两种工作模态而改变电路的工作状态。能量装置40的工作模块可以包括升压逆变模态和整流充电模态。下面针对SST电路在升压逆变模态和整流充电模态下的工作过程进行介绍：
SST电路的一个工作周期可以具有8个工作状态，在此只分析前半周期的四个工作状态，后半周期的工作状态类似，将不做详述。
参考图10a-图10d示出了能量装置40处于升压逆变模态时，SST电路的四种工作状态，图10e为SST电路中各个开关元件对应上述工作状态下的工作波形以及不同节点的电流波形。在一个实施例中，参考图10a和10e，在第一个工作状态下：t0时，Q1导通，Q2截止。谐振电流经Q1并以正弦波的形式增加，线性上升，变压器将能量传到二次侧，Lm两端电压被钳位，Lr和Cr谐振，且谐振频率为f1,且因此且经变压器称为通过二极管的电流iD1。在t1时刻，参考图10b和10e，在第二个工作状态下：Q1继续导通，Q2继续截止。在t1时，变压器无能量转移，且iD1降为0，二极管在零电流状态下开关，无反向恢复电流，负载由输出电容提供能量。由于Lm两端的电压不会被钳位，Lm、Lr和Cr谐振，此时振荡频率为f2。此状态结束，Q1将会截止。参考图10c和10e，在第三个工作状态下：Q1和Q2都截 止，但变压器仍无能量转移，负载还是由输出电容提供能量。此时Q1的寄生电容将充电，使得电压上升到Vin，Q2的寄生电容放电，使得寄生电容上的电压降为零。此状态结束，Q2的寄生二极管将会导通。参考图10d和10e，在第四个工作状态下：Q1和Q2都保持截止，Q2的寄生二极管会先导通，使得下个工作状态的Q2能达到ZVS。此时Lm两端的电压反向，且二次侧整流二极管D2将导通。一次侧谐振电流流过励磁电感Lm与开关管的寄生二极管，而将小于此状态的谐振频率为f1，在时间t4时Q2导通。
参考图10f-图10i示出了能量装置40处于整流充电模态时，SST电路的四种工作状态，图10j为SST电路中各个开关元件对应上述工作状态下的工作波形以及不同节点的电流波形。在一个实施例中，参考图10f和10j，在第一个工作状态下：在t0时，Q4导通，Q3截止，二次侧能量通过变压器传递到一次侧，经谐振电感Lm、谐振电容Cr、二极管D1输出到负载。参考图10g和10j，在第二个工作状态下：在t1时，Q4截止，流过Q3的电流为负，Q3的寄生电容电压由2Vin放电至0，同时Q4的寄生电容的电压从0充至2Vin。参考图10h和10j，在第三个工作状态下：Q4截止，电流通过Q3的体二极管。Q3达到零电压开通。此状态在Q3加入驱动信号时结束。参考图10i和10j，在第四个工作状态下：因流过Q3的电流为负，Q3开始反向导通，当谐振电流等于励磁电流时，此状态结束。
Buck\Boost电路，可以在能量装置40处于升压逆变模态时工作在Boost模式；在能量装置40处于整流充电模态时工作在Buck模式。
在一种实施方式下，Buck\Boost电路如图11所示，主要包括两个串联的功率元件Q11和Q12、一个电感Lf1以及两个储能元件C11和C12组成。其中，参考图12a和图12b，当能量装置40处于升压逆变模态时，Buck\Boost电路具有两种工作状态：在第一个状态下，电路中的开关元件Q12先导通，Q11截止，与Q12中的 体二极管储能；在第二个状态下，Q12断开，Q11导通，Q11释放能量，电流从Q11流过，进而可以为后端连接的负载供电。Buck\Boost电路中元件的电压或电流变化如图12c所示，在载波电压vc和调制电压vm交点处能产生占空比，电感Lf1中的电流iL1在第一状态下以一定斜率上升，并在第二状态下以一定斜率下降，在vc和vm交点处，在Lf储能结束时，iL最大。
参考图12d和图12e，当能量装置40处于整流充电模态时，Buck\Boost电路同样具有两种工作状态：在第一个状态下，Q11先导通，Q12截止，Lf储能；在第二个状态下，Q11断开，Q12导通，电能从Q12流过，Lf释能可以为连接的电池包充电。Buck\Boost电路中元件的电压或电流变化如图12f所示，其中载波电压vc，调制电压vm和Lf1中的电流iL1的变化曲线与图12c所示的基本趋势一致，此处不再赘述。
在一种实施方式下，Buck\Boost电路如图13所示，主要包括由四个功率元件Q21、Q22、Q23和Q24构成的全桥电路，且两个桥臂的中间节点连接有一个电感Lf2以及每个桥臂分别并联一个储能元件C21和C22。参考图14a至图14d，该Buck\Boost电路具有四个工作状态，在第一工作状态下：处于桥臂对角的两个功率管Q21和Q23导通，Lf2储能；在第二工作状态下：Q21继续导通，Q23截止，Q24导通，Lf2释放能量；在第三工作状态下：处于桥臂对角的两个功率管Q22和Q24导通，Q22和Q24续流；在第四工作状态下：Q22继续导通，Q24截止，Q23导通，Q22和Q23复位。由图14e可知，在Q21和Q24导通时，电感Lf2中的电流以一定斜率进行变化，其中在Q22和Q23导通时，电路短路，Lf2中的电流不变，电路能进行复位以便进行一下周期的工作状态变换。
逆变器\PFC电路两端可以接入交流电源或者供电电压或者负责，具体与能量装置40所处的模态有关。
在一个实施例中，能量装置40处于升压逆变模态，逆变器\PFC电路能实现逆变功能，将电池包输出的电能为负载供电。如图15所示逆变器\PFC电路主要包括由Q31、Q32、Q33和Q34构成的全桥电路。其中Q32和Q34互补导通，Q31和Q33互补导通，Q32和Q34的两端接输入电压，记Q32和Q34桥臂的中间节点为B，Q31和Q33桥臂的中间节点为A，且A、B两个节点通过一个LC电路连接负载。
在一种实施方式中，当能量装置40处于升压逆变模态时，可以对逆变器\PFC电路采用单极性SPWM调制，在一个工作周期内电路中的开关元件如图16a至图16d所示可以归结为两种导通变换状态。在第一导通状态下，如图16a和图16b所示，Q34一直导通，Q32一直截止，Q31和Q33以一定占空比互补导通，且在Q31导通时节点A和B之间具有正向电压VAB，在Q31截止时电压为零。其中，在第一导通状态下，Q31和Q33的互补导通是以Q31先导通为开始的。在第二导通状态下，如图16c和图16d所示，Q32一直导通，Q34一直截止，Q31和Q33以一定占空比互补导通，且在Q31导通时节点A和B之间具有反向电压VAB，在Q31截止时电压为零。其中，在第二导通状态下，Q31和Q33的互补导通是以Q33先导通为开始的。对比图16e可知，一个工作周期内，逆变器\PFC电路中载波电压vc呈锯齿形变化，调制电压vm呈正弦波形变化，在载波电压vc和调制电压vm的交点处产生节占空比，以及点A，B之间的电压VAB。由于载波信号vc与调制信号vm交点处产生占空比，由图16e可知在一个载波周期内，前半个控制周期内控制Q31、Q32导通的占空比的变化与后半周期各自导通占空比的变化方式相反。例如，在前半周期Q31导通的占空比先由小变大再由大变小，而后半周期则是先由大变小再由小变大。
在一种实施方式中，当能量装置40处于升压逆变模态时，可以对逆变器\PFC电路采用单极性倍频SPWM调制，在一个工作周期内电路中的开关元件如图17a 至图17d所示可以包括两种导通变换状态。在第三导通状态下，如图17a和图17b所示，Q34一直导通，Q32一直截止，Q31和Q33以一定占空比互补导通，且在Q31导通时节点A和B之间具有电压VAB，在Q31截止时电压为零。其中，第三导通状态下，Q31和Q33的互补导通是以Q33先导通为开始的。在第四导通状态下，如图17c和图17d所示，Q32一直导通，Q34一直截止，Q31和Q33以一定占空比互补导通，且在Q31导通时节点A和B之间具有电压VAB，在Q31截止时电压为零。其中，第四导通状态下，Q31和Q33的互补导通是以Q31先导通为开始的。对比图17e可知，一个工作周期内，逆变器\PFC电路中载波电压vc呈锯齿形变化，调制电压vm+和vm-均呈正弦波形变化，两个正弦波之间的相位差为π，在载波电压vc和调制电压vm的交点处产生占空比以及节点A，B之间的电压VAB。另外，由图17e可知在前半个控制周期内控制Q31、Q32、Q32、Q32导通的占空比的变化与后半周期各自导通占空比的变化方式相反，例如，在前半周期Q31导通的占空比先由小变大再由大变小，而后半周期则是先由大变小再由小变大。
对比上述单极性SPWM调制方式和单极性倍频SPWM调制可知：两种调制方式下的均包括两种导通状态，但不同导通状态下互补导通的Q31和Q33的导通顺序不同；且在单极性倍频SPWM调制下，第三和第四导通状态在整个工作周期中交替出现，而单极性SPWM的调制下，调制周期的前半周期只出现第一导通状态，后半周期只采用第二导通状态。对比图17e和图16e可知，同样的开关频次下，单极性倍频SPWM调制方式所获得的VAB等效频次比单极性SPWM调制方式所获得的VAB等效频次高，从而能实现更小体积的能量装置。
在一个实施例中，能量装置40处于整流充电模态，逆变器\PFC电路能进行PFC调制，将交流电源输出的电能为负载供电或为电池包充电。如图18所示逆变器\PFC电路主要包括由Q31、Q32、Q33和Q34构成的全桥电路。其中Q32和Q34互补 导通，Q31和Q33互补导通，Q32和Q34的两端接负载，记Q32和Q34桥臂的中间节点为B，Q31和Q33桥臂的中间节点为A，且A、B两个节点通过一个LC电路连接交流电源。
在一种实施方式中，当能量装置40处于整流充电模态时，在一个工作周期内逆变器\PFC电路中的开关元件如图19a至图19d所示可以包括两种导通变换状态。在第五导通状态下，如图19a和图19b所示，Q34一直导通，Q32一直截止，Q31和Q33以一定占空比互补导通，且在Q31导通时节点A和B之间具有电压VAB，在Q31截止时电压为零。其中，第五导通状态下，Q31和Q33的互补导通是以Q33先导通为开始的，电路中的Lf3先储能再释放能量。在第六导通状态下，如图19c和图19d所示，Q32一直导通，Q34一直截止，Q31和Q33以一定占空比互补导通，且在Q31导通时节点A和B之间具有电压VAB，在Q31截止时电压为零。其中，第六导通状态下，Q31和Q33的互补导通是以Q31先导通为开始的，电路中的Lf3先储能再释放能量。由图19e可知，在调制的前半周期逆变器\PFC电路工作在第五导通方式下，后半周期工作在第六导通方式下。在一个工作周期内，逆变器\PFC电路中载波电压vc呈锯齿形变化，调制电压vm呈正弦波形变化，在载波电压vc和调制电压vm的交点处占空比，以及产生节点A，B之间的电压VAB。
在图15至图19d中，均通过空心箭头表示电路中电流的流向，逆变器\PFC电路在SPWM调制方式下，电流可从电池包侧流入负载以为负载供电；在FOC调制方式下，电流可从交流电源侧流入负载或电池包，以为负载供电或为电池包充电。
在本实施例中，图18所示的逆变器\PFC电路也可以简称为PFC电路，该PFC电路可以分为电流变换级电路181和电容变换级电路182，其中第一个虚线框中的电路为电流变换级电路181，第二个虚线框中的电路为电容变换级电路 182。当能量装置40处于整流充电模态时，PFC电路能将交流市电转换为直流电输出至直流电动工具或者电池包。参考图20所示的PFC电路的双闭环控制，具体分为细实线绘制的电流环和粗实线绘制的电压环，其中电流环控制可以是图18中的电流变换级电路181，电压环控制是图18中的电容变换级电路182。图20中，为输出电压的参考值,Gvc(s)为电压外环补偿环节的传递函数,Vg为电网电压,为电感电流参考值，Gic(s)为电流内环补偿环节的传递函数,D’(t)为控制Q31的控制信号的占空比,Gid(s)为电感电流对占空比的传递函数,iL为电感Lf3的实时电流值,为输出电压对电感电流的传递函数,Vo为输出电压。在电流内环中，电流基准值与反馈的电感电流实际值iL作差，而后进入补偿环节Gic(s)。在双环控制系统中的控制器(未示出)可以通过软件程序调节开关管Q31的占空比，再通过传递函数Gid(s)实时调节电感电流，使得电感电流实际值更加趋向参考值。在电压外环中，电压基准值与反馈的输出电压实际值Vo作差，而后进入补偿环节Gvc(s)。再由控制器通过软件程序调节，通过电流内环和传递函数实时调节输出电压，使输出电压实际值越来越接近参考值。
为了找到PFC双闭环控制中影响控制稳定性的因素，并消除该因素的影响，可以分别建立电流内环的数学模型和电压外环的数学模型。
在一个实施例中，可以对PFC电路的电流变换级电路181进行小信号建模：
由上述模型可以确定电感电流小信号公式如下：
上述公式表面，电感电流iL与三个参数有关，即续流占空比F、电网电压Vg以及输出电压Vo。其中F＝D’＝1-D，Gif(s)为iL对占空比F的传递函数，Gig(s)为 iL对Vg的传递函数，Giv(s)为iL对占空比Vo的传递函数。三个传递函数的展开式如下：
其中，L为电感Lf3的电感量，r为电感Lf3的内阻。
实际上，PFC电路的电流环的控制中存在电压扰动Vg，代入公式内的参数后，电流内环的控制框图如图21a所示。从而，电流内环的闭环传递函数如下：
其中，L，r为物理电路的固有参数即电感量和电感的内阻，Vo在PFC电路稳定工作时视为常量，这是电流环的传递函数Ti(s)中被控对象Vo(1/sL+r)是稳定的。控制系统可以采用一组PI控制器控制被控对象。但在一些特殊情况下Vo是不确定的，例如在软启动时Vo是不断增加的，被控对象也会一直改变，一组PI控制器不足以调节整个系统，从而导致系统不稳定。也就是说，Vo为影响系统控制稳定性的因素。为了消除这一因素的影响，可以采用增益解耦的控制方式，即在图21a所示的前向通路中乘以1/Vo来消除不确定的变量Vo，所获得的控制环路如图21b所示。
加入增益解耦后的电流闭环传递函数为：
在一个实施例中，由于扰动电压Vg的存在，还可以增加一级前馈解耦用以实现标幺化等功能，如图22所示前馈解耦为α。此时被控对象为1/(sL+r)，且前 向通路中没有变量，Gic(s)采用一组PI控制器即可调节全工况内电流控制环。
在一个实施例中，双闭环控制中的电流内环传递函数确定为Ti(s)，图20所示的PFC电路的双闭环控制可以变形为图23所示。其中，输出电压Vo对电感电流iL的传递函数可以分解为输出电流对电感电流的传递函数Gio_iL(s)，以及输出电压对输出电流的传递函数Gvo_io(s)即：Gvo_iL(s)＝Gio_iL(s)Gvo_io(s)。上式中，Gio_iL(s)和Gvo_io(s)的展开式分别为：

其中，Vin_RMS_Avg为输入电压有效值的平均值，Vo_Avg为输出电压的平均值，RL为负载Load的内阻，Co为输出电容CBus的电容值。将上述参数代入电压外环模型后，可以得到PFC电路的双闭环控制如图24所示。与电流环的原理基本一致，输出电压平均值Vo_Avg、电网电压Vg、输入电压有效值的平均值Vin_RMS_Avg的存在也需要分别通过增益解耦的方式消除。在一种实现方式中，可以先对Vo_Avg进行增益解耦得到图25所示的双闭环控制。再对Vg和Vin_RMS_Avg进行增益解耦得到图26所示的控制框图。由于Vin_RMS_Avg和Vo_Avg均为工频周期时长平均值，Vg为正弦波实时值。因此，Vg＝(Vrms)^(1/2),此时电压闭环传递函数为：
其中，上式中的参数均为固定值，因此Gvc(s)只需采用一组PI控制器即可调节全工况内电压控制环。
在一个实施例中，能量装置40处于整流充电模态时，能量装置40中的电路还可以包括LLC电路。在一个实施例中，LLC电路如图27所示，能够对输入的电流能进DC-DC变换并输出至负载Load。在本实施例中，可以在PFC电路后串联LLC谐振电路实现高频高效的DC-DC变换，但输出电压不易调节。因为，输出电压的调节涉及到调频、调节控制信号的占空比，而对LLC电路中的磁性元件来说上述调节均不易实现。因为，为了调节LLC电路的输出电压，本申请提供了一种两级式LLC电路，具体包括主电路以及可调电路。
如图28所示，两级式LLC电路与传统LLC电路的区别在于，两级式LLC电路中变压器T的原边绕组可以将主电路回路中的功率分为一个大功率和一个小功率，其中大功率可以占主回路中功率的90％左右，而小功率可以占主回路中功率的10％左右。在本实施例中，变压器T的一个副边绕组所连接的电路与传统LLC电路中变压器副边绕组连接的电路一致，该副边绕组被分配主回路中的大功率。变压器T的另一个副边绕组连一个DC-DC转换电路，该副边绕组被分配主回路中的小功率，本实施例对该DC-DC转换电路的电路结构不做具体限定。两级式LLC电路中变压器T的两个副边绕组所连接的电路的输出端并联作为整个电路的输出端。
在需要调节输出功率时，可通过PWM调制控制DC-DC转换电路的输出电压或者输出功率。也就是说，在需要调整LLC电路的输出功率时，可以通过调节电路中的小部分功率实现整体输出功率的调节，而电路中的大部分功率仍采用传统的LLC电路变换后输出。由于整个电路中只有小部分功率经过了两级变换即LLC变换和PWM调制，而大部分功率只经过一级变换即LLC变换，从而可以 提高整机的效率。
在一个实施例中，参考图29能量装置40由两级变换电路构成，具体包括能实现一级变换和二级变换的DAB电路，实现三级变换的逆变器\PFC电路。其中，逆变器\PFC电路与上述实施例中的一致，此处不再详述。本实施例主要介绍DAB电路：
在一个实施例中，如图30所示，DAB电路是一种双有源全桥双向DC-DC变换器的电路，每个桥臂上的开关元件为180°的互补导通，所有斜对角的开关元件都同时导通。可以通过控制原边桥臂中点电压和副边桥臂中点电压之间移相交的大小来控制DAB电路的传输功率，具体的传输过程不再详述。
在一个实施例中，控制单元42控制能量装置40改变电路中的能量变换状态的过程可以是控制电路中功率元件改变导通状态的过程。
在一个实施例中，如图31所示能量变换电路43可以包括双向DC-DC模块436，逆变模块437和PFC模块438。其中，双向DC-DC模块436和逆变模块437能构成电池包向负载提供放电能量的能量传输路径。也就是说，能量装置40接入电池包10和负载30后可以工作于升压逆变模态，电池包10输出的电能经过双向DC-DC模块436和逆变模块437后能转化为适合为负载30供电的电能。例如，电池包10的输出电压为20V，负载的工作电压为24V，则双向DC-DC模块436和逆变模块437需要对电池包10的输出电能进行升压变换或者逆变后输出24V的供电电压至负载30。另外，PFC模块438和双向DC-DC模块构成交流电源向电池包提供充电能量的能量传输路径。也就是说，能量装置40接入交流电源和电池包后可以工作于整流充电模态，交流电能通过PFC模块438和双向DC-DC模块436转换为适合电池包充电的电能。在一个实施方式中，电池包10可以是第一储能装置，即可以是通过能量装置的电源接口接入的外部的电 池包。在一个实施方式中，电池包10也可以是第二储能装置，即内置在能量装置40的壳体内的内置电池包。在本实施例中，电池包10可以包括第一储能装置和第二储能装置，即能量装置40所连接的外置电池包和内置电池包可以同时向负载放电，或者同时充电。在本实施例中，双向DC-DC模块436可以理解为能对来自电池包侧的输入电能进行DC-DC转换，也能对来自交流电网侧的输入电能进行DC-DC转换。
在一个实施例中，如图32所示能量变换电路43可以包括两个单向DC-DC模块，即第一单向DC-DC模块439和第二单向DC-DC模块440，以及双向逆变模块441。其中，两个单向DC-DC模块的电路拓扑结构可以相同也可以不同。双向逆变模块441除了具有逆变功能还可以兼容PFC功能。在一种实施方式中，第一单向DC-DC模块439与双向逆变模块441构成电池包向负载提供放电能量的能量传输路径，第二单向DC-DC模块440与双向逆变模块441构成交流电源向电池包提供充电能量的能量传输路径。在一种实施方式中，第二单向DC-DC模块440与双向逆变模块441构成电池包向负载提供放电能量的能量传输路径，第一单向DC-DC模块439与双向逆变模块441构成交流电源向电池包提供充电能量的能量传输路径。在本实施例中，电池包10可以包括第一储能装置和第二储能装置，即能量装置40所连接的外置电池包和内置电池包可以同时向负载放电，或者同时充电。
在一些实施例中，能量装置也可以称为双向电源装置或者便携式电源装置。能够满足户外或者室内或者多种场景下的应用需求。
参考图33所示的电源系统至少包括双向电源装置5。其中，双向电源装置5至少包括多个电能传输端，例如可以包括交流电输入端51、第一直流电输入/输出端52、交流电输出端53以及第二直流电输入/输出端54。在本实施例中， 每种电能传输端的数量至少为一个。
交流电输入端51可以是一种能将电缆随意连接到固定布线的器件，俗称为插头，能够与交流市电的接口插接以输入交流市电，或者能与汽车充电桩的充电口电连接，能以充电桩输出的电能充电。其中，汽车充电桩可以是交流式慢充桩。本实施例对交流电输入端51的类型不做具体限制。交流电输入端51可知支持220V或者110V或者120V的充电电压。
第一直流电输入/输出端52可以包括能输入直流电的端口，以及能输入并能输出直流电的端口。示例性的，第一直流电输入/输出端52可以包括能与光伏充电装置或者车载充电口对接，以输入直流电至双向电源装置5的直流电输入端521；也可以包括能与双向USB Type-C接口对接，双向传输直流电的第一直流电输入/输出端522；或者可以包括输出直流电至直流电设备的直流电输出端。其中，光伏充电装置可以包括太阳能板或者太阳能充电器，车载充电口可以是能连接点烟器的端口。所谓的双向Typec接口可以将外部电能输入至双向电源装置5，也可以从双向电源装置5输出电能。在本实施例中，直流电输入端521的输入电压大于等于5V且小于等于80V，例如可以是5V，9V，10V，12V，15V，18V，20V，25V，30V，35V，40V，45V，50V，55V，60V，65V，70V，75V，80V等。直流电输入端521的输入电流不超过10A。第一直流电输入/输出端522作为直流电输入端，即输入电能至双向电源装置5时，该端口的输入电压大于等于5V且小于等于80V，例如可以是5V，9V，10V，12V，15V，18V，20V，25V，30V，35V，40V，45V，50V，55V，60V，65V，70V，75V，80V等。第一直流电输入/输出端522作为直流电输入端的输入电流不超过5A，输出功率不超过250W，例如可以是240W，220W，200W等。而第一直流电输入/输出端522作为直流电输出端，即从双向电源装置5输出直流电时，该端口的输入电压 大于等于60V且小于等于120V，例如可以是60V，70V，80V，90V，100V，110V，120V等。第一直流电输入/输出端522作为直流电输出端的输出电流不超过5A，输出峰值功率基本为250W。
交流电输出端53能输出交流电至交流装置，其中，交流装置可以包括交流电动工具，交流家电设备等。本申请对交流电输出端53的端口形式不做具体限定。
第一直流电输入/输出端52或者交流电输出端53的输出功率大于等于600W，例如可以是600W，700W，800W，900W等。在一个实施例中，第一直流电输入/输出端52或者交流电输出端53的输出功率1000W，例如可以是1000W，1200W，1400W等。
第二直流电输入/输出端54可以包括能输出直流电的端口，以及能输出并能输入直流电的端口。示例性的，第二直流电输入/输出端54可以包括能与直流装置连接，以输出直流电给直流装置供电的直流电输出端541；也可以包括能与可充电电池包对接能双向传输直流电的第二直流电输入/输出端542。其中，直流装置可以包括直流电动工具或者超级电容或者直流家用电设备，例如可以为家用吸尘器，清洁机器人等供电等。
在其他实施例中，双向能量装置5还可以通过无线方式传输电能，例如通过线圈进行能量耦合实现能量传递，可以为智能手机或者其他终端设备充电。
在本实施例中，交流装置或者交流电设备可以是交流用电电动工具，直流装置或者直流电设备可以是直流用电动工具。在其他实施例中，能根据接入电源类型的不同采用交流电或直流电供电的电设备可以称为交直流电设备，可以包括交直流电动工具。
在本实施例中，交流电动工具或直流电动工具或交直流电动工具均可以是 手持式动力工具，例如，钻、修枝机、砂光机等。或者，还可以为台型工具，例如，台锯、斜切锯、金属切割机、电木铣等。或者，还可以是手推式动力工具，例如，手推式割草机、手推式扫雪机。或者，还可以是骑乘式动力工具，例如，骑乘式割草机、骑乘式车辆、全地形车等。或者，还可以是机器人工具，例如，割草机器人、扫雪机器人等。在一些实施例中，交流用电电动工具或者直流用电动工具还可以为电钻、电灯、电动车等。在一些实施例中，或者还可以为园林工具，例如修枝机、吹风机、割草机、链锯等。或者还可以为装潢工具，例如螺丝批、钉枪、圆锯、砂光机等。在一些实施例中，交流用电电动工具或者直流用电动工具还可以为植被护理工具，例如打草机、割草机、修枝机、链锯等。或者，电动工具200还可以为清洁工具，例如吹风机、扫雪机、清洗机等。或者，还可以为钻类工具，例如钻、螺丝批、扳手、电锤等。或者，还可以为锯类工具，例如往复锯、曲线锯、圆锯等。或者，还可以为打磨类工具，例如角磨、砂光机等。或者，还可以为其它工具，例如灯、风扇等。
在一个实施例中，参考图34所示的双向电源装置5至少可以包括电源管理模块501以及与电源管理模块501电耦合的双向能量转换模块502，直流充电模块503，直流充/放电模块504，LED控制器505，物联网模块506。在一个实施例中，双向电源装置5还可以连接至少一个第三储能装置60。第三储能装置60可以是能存储电能的电池包，该电池包可被重复充电，或者该电池包能释放电能以为接入双向电源装置5的电动工具供电。例如，第三储能装置60可以是56V的1P电池包或者2P电池包或者3P电池包或者4P电池包等。第三储能装置60输出的电能能为上述不同类型的直流电动工具供电。
在本实施例中，双向能量转换模块502可以实现能量的双向流动。参考图23双向能量转换模块502能够接入交流电源，可以对交流电进行AC/DC转换， 或者可以对其他端口接入的直流电进行DC/AC转换。在本实施例中，双向能量转换模块502可以进行直流输出或者交流输出。其中，可以输出充电电能至第三储能装置60或者超级电容，或者可以输出直流供电电能至电动工具或者其他直流用电设备，或者可以通过物联网模块506后通过USB接口输出。在一些实施例中，双向能量转换模块502也可以将来自直流充电模块503的电能转换为交流电输出，或者将第三储能装置60的电能转换为交流电输出或者可以将来自直流充/放电模块直流电转换为交流电输出。在此，对双向能量转换模块502在双向电源装置5中与其他模块的电耦合关系不做具体限制。
直流充电模块503可以与上述实施例中的直流电输入端521一致，能连接光伏充电装置或者车载充电端口，以接入直流电源。在一个实施例中，通过直流充电模块503输入的直流电可以为双向电源装置5内的其他模块供电，也可以通过双向能量转换模块502转换后输出至外部交流用电设备或者直流用电设备，或者通过直流充/放电模块504输出至外部用电设备。
直流充/放电模块504可以包括连接多个向外部输出电能的USB Type-A接口，向外部输出电能的USB Type-C接口，以及能够双向传输电能的USB Type-C接口。
LED控制器505，设置为控制LED灯的点亮状态，例如包括灯闪频率或者光照强度或者被点亮的数量等，以达到通过LED灯的电量状态显示双向电源装置5当前的充放电模式或者工作状态或者异常状态的报警等。
物联网模块506，设置为能与外部的终端设备进行无线通信，例如可以通过智能终端中的终端应用程序显示双向电源装置5的工作状态，或者充/放电状态，或者与外部端口的连接状态，或者第三储能装置60或第四储能装置507的接口端的连接状态，或者显示各模块的充电功率或放电功率，或者显示不同模块的 充电剩余时间，或者显示历史充/放点次数，或者显示储能装置的健康状况等。在一个实施例中，还可以通过终端应用程序调节双向电源装置5的充放电状态或者充放电功率等，或者使用户自定义不同模块在充电或放电时的功率分配优先级等。在其他实施例中，物联网模块506还可以获取外部终端设备或者服务器或者云服务器等传输的更新程序以对双向电源装置5中的部分模块或者端口进行升级更新。在一个实施例中，还可以通过远程终端设备与物联网模块506的无线通信，远程控制双向电源装置5的
在一个实施例中，双向电源装置5还可以设有显示屏或者用户输入端。其中显示屏可以直接显示双向电源装置5的各个端口的连接状态，或者显示各个端口充/放电状态，或者显示充/放电功率，或者显示充/放电模式，或者显示充/放电倒计时，或者显示边充边放指示信息，或者显示物联网连接状态，或者显示故障状态，或者显示LED灯点亮状态或者显示物联网模块506与外部终端中间的交互信息或者控制信息等。在一个实施例中，显示屏还可以显示不同端口接入电源或用电设备的连接状态，例如可以显示第三储能装置60是否插入或拔出或出现故障。
用户输入端可以是用户控制双向电源装置5开关机的开关键。在一个实施例中，可以在显示屏中显示用户输入端，用户可以通过触屏的方式控制双向电源装置5的开关机。在一个实施例中，操作者可以通过用户输入端选择双向电源装置5的使能端，例如可以选择AC使能即控制双向电源装置5能输出交流电至用电设备，不能输出直流电。或者可以选择DC使能，即双向电源装置5能输出直流电至用电设备，不能输出交流电。或者选择LED使能，即LED灯的开关或者光强等能被控制。
在一个实施例中，参考图35所示的双向电源装置5还可以内置第四储能装 置507。第四储能装置507固定设置在双向电源装置5内，能够为双向电源装置5内的各个模块提供供电电源。在一个实施例中，直流充电模块503或者直流充/放电模块504或者双向能量转换模块502中的至少一个模块输出的电能可以为第四储能装置507充电。
在本实施例中，第三储能装置60和第四储能装置507的容量、化学性质、额定电压、形状、尺寸、寿命、功率密度、能量密度、温度特性、充放电倍率等性能或参数可以至少部分相同或者全部相同或者全不相同。在一个实施例中，第四储能装置507的额定电压或者容量或者输出功率小于第三储能装置60的额定电压或者容量或者输出功率。
在本实施例中，第三储能装置60和第四储能装置507均可以是一个或多个电池包或者其他能够存储电能或能够释放电能的装置。
在双向电源装置5中内置第四储能装置507且外接第三储能装置60，且两种储能装置作为供电方即输出电能的一方时，电源管理模块501可以控制所有的第三储能装置60先并联放电，在第三储能装置60放电结束或者放电预设时间后，再控制内置的第四储能装置507放电，其中两种储能装置的特性参数均满足放电参数阈值。也就是说，双向电源装置5具备并联放电和分时放电的能力。在一个实施例中，电源管理模块501也可以控制第三储能装置60和第四储能装置507轮流交替放电。在一个实施例中，电源管理模块501也可以根据双向电源装置5接入的用电设备的类型确定是采用第三储能装置60放电还是采用第四储能装置507放电。
在一个实施例中，第三储能装置60或第四储能装置507输出的电能可以为交流用电设备或者直流用电设备供电。在本实施例中，第四储能装置507的输出功率大于等于100W小于等于1000W，例如可以是100W，200W，400W，600W， 800W，900W，1000W等。在本实施例中，第三储能装置60或第四储能装置507的特性参数可以包括当前的容量，或者电压，或者温度等能够衡量储能装置是否能稳定输出电能的参数。放电参数阈值可以是最低放电电压，或者最低或最高放电温度，或者最小放电容量等。
在第三储能装置60或第四储能装置507作为受电方，可以通过双向电源装置5为二者充电。由上述实施例可知，双向电源装置5可以通过双向能量转换模块502输入电能，或者通过直流充电模块503输入电能，或者通过直流充/放电模块504输入电能。在一个实施例中，电源管理模块501可以控制至少一个电源输入端输入的电源先为第四储能装置507充电，在第四储能装置507基本充满电后，再为第三储能装置60充电。在双向电源装置5外接至少两个第三储能装置60时，电源管理模块501可以按照多个第三储能装置60的实时电压的大小，控制多个第三储能装置60的充电顺序。例如，在内置的第四储能装置507基本充满电后，按照多个第三储能装置60的电压由低到高顺序充电。在其他实施例中，电源管理模块501也可以按照多个第三储能装置60的当前容量或者温度等参数设置充电顺序。在一个实施例中，电源管理模块501也可以在第四储能装置507基本充满电后，同时为双向电源装置5外接的所有第三储能装置60充电。
在一个实施例中，电源管理模块501也可以先为外接的第三储能装置60充电，在所有的第三储能装置60充满电后，再为第四储能装置507充电。其中，电源管理模块501可以控制电压最低的第三储能装置60充电至与电压次低的第三储能装置60的电压一致后，控制二者同时充电至与电压倒数第三低的第三储能装置的电压一致后，再控制三者同时充电，以此类推直至所有的第三储能装置60的电压基本一致且基本满电。
在本实施例中，物联网模块506还可以改变电源管理模块501对第三储能装置60和第四储能装置507的充放电的控制，例如，改变两种电源装置的充放电顺序，或者充放电时间。示例性的，用户可以通过用户终端中的应用程序与双向电源装置5内的物联网模块506通信，远程控制双向电源装置5中第四储能装置507以及第三储能装置60的充/放电顺序或时间。例如，可以控制电源管理模块501不区分储能装置的类型，按照所有储能装置的电压从低到高顺序充电，逐个分时充电，或者逐个交替充电，或者多个同时充电。或者，物联网模块506可以控制电源管理模块501对内置的多个第四储能装置507按照电压从低到高，逐个分时充电，或者逐个交替充电，或者同时充电。或者，物联网模块506可以控制电源管理模块501对外置的多个第三储能装置60按照电压从低到高，逐个分时充电，或者逐个交替充电，或者同时充电。在本实施例中，物联网模块506还可以控制电源管理模块501按照其他的充电顺序，例如控制多个第三储能装置逐个分时充电或者逐个交替充电或者同时充电，或者控制多个第四储能装置逐个分时充电或者逐个交替充电或者同时充电，或者不区分第三储能装置和第四储能装置，控制所有的储能装置逐个分时充电或者逐个交替充电或者同时充电。
图36a至图36d示出了第三储能装置60和/或第四储能装置507的充电过程，图36a至图36d中假设第四储能装置507有一个，第三储能装置60有两个，但并不限于此。且图36a至图36d中Bat1为第四储能装置即内置电池包，Bat2和Bat3为第三储能装置即外置电池包，第一行代表电池包的初始状态，第二行及其之后的每一行代表一个时刻下三个电池包的充电状态。可以理解的是，第三储能装置60和第四储能装置507的均可以是多个，此处不再提供附图。
如图36a所示，初始状态下，Bat1，Bat2和Bat3均处于待充电状态，电源 管理模块501可以先为Bat1充电至基本满电后，再同时为Bat2和Bat3充电。图36b中，电源管理模块501也可以先控制Bat2和Bat3中电压较低的一个充电至与另一个的电压一致后，再同时为Bat2和Bat3充电至基本满电，之后再控制为Bat1进行充电。
或者，如图36c所示电源管理模块501可以不区分储能装置的类型及不区分是内置的电池包还是外置电池包，控制电池包逐个分时充电，即一个基本充满电后为再为另一个充，直至所有的电池包均充满电，其中，电源管理模块501可以按照电池包电压或者电量由低至高逐个充电。例如本实施例中，先为电压最低的Bat1充电至基本满电后，再为Bat2充电至基本满电，最后为Bat3充电。
或者，如图36d所示所示电源管理模块501可以不区分储能装置的类型及不区分是内置的电池包还是外置电池包，控制电池包逐个交替充电，例如一个电池包充电一段时间后为另一个电池包充电一段时间。例如，电池包Bat1充电t1时长后停止充电并接着为Bat2充电t1时长，之后Bat2停止充电再为Bat3充电t1时长，在一个充电循环周期内(基本3t1时长)内所有的电池包均分时充电了t1时长，在下一个充电循环周期内仍然按照上述过程充电，直至所有的电池包均基本充满电。
图36c所示的双向电源5连接的所有储能装置逐个充电的过程还可以是从其他任意一个电池包开始的，不限于外置电池包，同样的图36d所示的交替充电的过程也可以是从其他任意一个电池包开始的，不限于外置电池包。
在本实施例中，由于第四储能装置507内置在双向电源装置5不便更换，为了提高其使用寿命，在第四储能装置507的充电或者放电过程中可以提高其放电截止电压或者降低其充电截止电压，从而使第四储能装置507不会过放或者过充，以保证其使用寿命。
在本实施例中，能向双向电源装置5输入电能的外部供电源或者外部供电端口可以是交流市电、充电桩、光伏充电装置、车载充电口或者Type-C充电口或者称为Type-C充电器等。从而，在双向电源装置5接入不同的供电方时，可以认为双向电源装置5具有不同的充电方式。在本实施例中，可以将交流市电作为供电方的充电称为第一充电方式，将光伏设备或者车载充电端作为供电方的充电称为第二充电方式，将Type-C充电口作为供电方的充电称为第三充电方式。
在一个实施例中，多双向电源装置5同时具备三种充电方式充电的能力，则电源管理模块501可以按照最大功率充电模式控制双向电源装置5的充电，并不同时采用三种方式充电。也就是说，双向能量转换模块502，直流充电模块503以及直流充/放电模块504均接入能作为供电电源的供电方时，双向电源装置5不同时采用所有的供电电源作为供电为储能装置充电，而是可以按照最大功率充电模式选择供电电源充电。
在本实施例中，从电源的稳定性、供电持久性等方便来说，电源管理模块501可以按照第一充电方式、第二充电方式以及第三充电方式的顺序为第三储能装置60或第四储能装置507充电。也就是说，只要有交流市电作为供电方，优先采用交流市电为储能装置充电，在交流市电断电后若储能装置未充满可以选择光伏设备或者车载充电端为其充电。
在为第三储能装置60或第四储能装置507充电时，电源管理模块501可以根据双向电源装置5接入的供电方的不同选择不同的充电方式。在一个实施例中，有交流市电作为供电方时，无论是否存在其他供电方，双向电源装置5均可以采用第一充电方式为储能装置充电，或者可以断开其他充电方式或者可以使其他充电方式处于等待状态。在一个实施例中，若供电方为光伏设备或者车 载充电端或者Type-C充电口时，双向电源装置5可以选择采用第二充电方式为储能装置充电，并断开第三充电方式或者使第三充电方式处于等待状态；在第二充电方式输出电能不稳定或者出现问题时，可以采用第三充电方式为储能装置充电并断开第二充电方式或者使第二充电方式处于等待状态。
在本实施例中，双向电源装置5可以一边为第三储能装置60或第四储能装置507充电，一边进行交流或直流电的供电输出，例如为交流或直流用电工具供电或者通过USB接口输出电能为具有USB接口的用电设备供电。示例性的，双向电源装置5采用交流市电为储能装置充电时，可以从电网侧直接旁路输出交流电为交流用电工具供电，直流充/放电模块504连接的所有USB接口可以放电输出。双向电源装置5采用光伏充电装置为储能装置充电时，也可以输出交流电至交流用电工具，同时所有USB接口也可以放电输出。双向电源装置5采用能够双向传输电能的USB Type-C接口充电时，也可以输出交流电为用电设备供电，此时所有的USB Type-A接口和向外部输出电能的USB Type-C接口可以放电输出。
在一个实施例中，电源管理模块501选择第一充电方式或第二充电方式或第三充电方式后，可以一边采用选定的充电方式为第三储能装置60或第四储能装置507充电，一边输出电能至电动工具或其他用电设备。
在一个实施例中，双向电源装置5中的充电电路可以包括多条电能传输路径，每个储能装置对应一个电能传输路径且每个电能传输路径上均设有电子开关Q，以控制电能的传输方向。上述电子开关Q可以是一种背靠背式的功率开关管即两个反串连接的MOS管。例如图37所示，Bat1电能传输路径上设有背靠背式的MOS管Q1和Q2，Bat2电能传输路径上设有背靠背式的MOS管Q3和Q4，Bat3电能传输路径上设有背靠背式的MOS管Q5和Q6。本实施例中的 储能装置Bat1，Bat2和Bat3与图36a至图36d中的Bat1，Bat2和Bat3可以一致，即Bat1为内置电池包第四储能装置，Bat2和Bat3为外置电池包即第三储能装置。在其他实施例中，也可以不区分Bat1，Bat2和Bat3中的内置电池包和外置电池包。本实施例中，控制器可以控制反串连接的MOS管的导通状态，从而控制在设置在该电能传输路径上的电池包充电或放电。示例性的，在Q1导通Q2断开时可以控制Bat1充电，在Q3导通Q4断开时可以控制Bat2充电，在Q5导通Q6断开时可以控制Bat3充电。控制器可以根据当前的充电方式或者充电策略控制上述开关管的通断，从而为相应的电池包充电。在其他实施例中，也可以采用图38所示的几种背靠背式开关管设置在每个电池包的电能传输路径上，此处对这几种开关管的具体工作状态不再一一详述。在一个实施例中，图37中的MOS功率开关管可以是氮化镓功率器件或者是IGBT等。
参考图39至图40b，多个双向电源装置5分别接入至少一个第三储能装置60作为供电电源后，可以将至少两个双向电源装置5的输出接口电耦合后输出供电电能，以为直流或交流用电设备供电，这种供电方式可以称为堆叠。图39以两个双向电源装置之间的堆叠为例进行说明。通过堆叠方式供电可以增大多个双向电源装置整体的输出功率，增大储能装置总的容量。也就是说，本实施例中多个双向电源装置5堆叠构成的电源装置系统的容量与其接入的第三储能装置60的个数正相关，且电源装置系统的输出功率也与其接入的第三储能装置60的个数正相关。
在一个实施例中，两个双向电源装置5的交流电输出端53可以电耦合，或者两个双向电源装置5的部分直流输出端可以电耦合。在夏季或者冬季等家庭用电负荷较大时，可能会发生停电的情况。多个双向电源装置5的堆叠使用可以在一定时间内满足家庭用电。在本实施例中，多个双向电源装置5堆叠时， 各个双向电源装置的外部壳体或者其他结构部件可以机械连接。
在一个实施例中，图39至图40b中的双向电源装置5内也可以设置有第四储能装置。
参考图41至图45所示的一个双向电源装置5可以叠加多个第三储能装置60放电，从而可以逐渐增大双向电源装置5的放电总容量，使其具备持久的续航能力。本实施例中涉及的双向电源装置5与图33和图35中的双向电源装置5一致，因此本实施例中的部分标号沿用图33和图35中的标号，标号一致的装置或模块指代的内容一致。在图41所示的双向电源装置5中未示出第四储能装置，在本实施例中，第三储能装置60可以包括电动工具用的电池包，第三储能装置60可以内置在扩容仓61内。如图41，多个第三储能装置60级联后接入双向电源装置5。其中，第三储能装置60的级联可以串联和/或并联。也就是说，多个第三储能装置60输出的能量能一级一级传递下去直至传递至双向电源装置5。
参考图42，双向电源装置5包括壳体511，在壳体511内固定设置有第四储能装置507。在本实施例中，双向电源装置5可拆卸的级联至少一个扩容装置6以增加自身的总容量。定义直接连接至双向电源装置5的扩容装置6为第一扩容装置601，间接连接至双向电源装置5的扩容装置6为第二扩容装置602。在本实施例中，第一扩容装置601可以是一个或多个，第二扩容装置602可以包括一个或多个。参考图43，第一扩容装置601可以通过电气连接端60A以及结构连接端60B与双向电源装置5上对应的电气连接端(未示出)和结构连接端5B可拆卸连接。第二扩容装置602连接至第一扩容装置601，上述两个扩容装置的电气连接方式以及结构连接方式，可以与第一扩容装置601与双向电源装置5之间的连接方式一致。在本实施例中，每个第二扩容装置602之间的电气 连接方式及结构连接方式也可以与第一扩容装置601连接至双向电源装置5之间的连接方式一致。结构连接端60B与双向电源装置5上对应的结构连接端5B可以称为互锁装置。互锁装置具有锁定状态和解锁状态，在锁定状态下双向电源装置5可以直接连接第一扩容装置601，二者整体构成一个电源装置；在解锁状态下双向电源装置5可以单独作为电源装置使用。本申请对互锁装置的具体结构不做限定。
在本实施例中，扩容仓61及内置在其中的第三储能装置60共同可以称为扩容装置6，也就是说扩容装置6包括扩容仓61和第三储能装置60。扩容装置6还可以包括装置盖62，装置盖62设置在扩容仓61的入口处。在装置盖62打开时可以将第三储能装置60放置在扩容仓61内或从扩容仓61取出第三储能装置60。装置盖62可以是为透明或半透明材质，以便用户可以透过装置盖62观察到内部的第三储能装置60的电量显示信息或者充放电状态等。在本实施例中，第三储能装置60和扩容仓61上分别设有能够相互配合的锁定机构，用于在第三储能装置60安装至扩容仓61后锁定第三储能装置。
双向电源装置5本身可以包括扩容装置6。在一种实现方式中，双向电源装置5包括装置主体512以及可拆卸级联至装置主体512的扩容装置6，也就是说装置主体512和扩容装置6共同构成双向电源装置5。装置主体512与扩容装置6之间的电气连接和结构连接与上述实施例中的一致，此处不再赘述。参考图45，装置主体512和扩容装置6上还可以设有把手7，以便用户单独携带装置主体512或者扩容装置6。把手7还可以设置在装置主体7的顶端或者其他位置。在其他实施例中，装置主体512与扩容装置6之间还可以采用插拔等方式可拆卸结构连接或电气连接。
如图42至图45所示，装置主体512包括内置在其中的第四储能装置507 (未示出)，至少一个电能输入端5121，至少一个电能输出端5122以及双向能量变换模块。在本实施例中，电能输入端5121以及电能输出端5122可以与图33中所示的电能传输端一致，即可以参考图33中的交流电输入端51、第一直流电输入/输出端52、交流电输出端53以及第二直流电输入/输出端54设置电能输出端5121和电能输出端5122。本申请对电能输入端和电能输出端的类型，以及二者在装置主体512上的位置不做具体限定。本实施例中的双向能量变化模块的设计与上述实施例中的能量变换电路43一致，此处不再赘述。
在本实施例中，双向电源装置5通过级联多个扩容装置6可以在保持输出电压和输出功率不变的情况下，增加装置的总容量。也就是说，任何一个连接至装置主体512的扩容装置6的输出功率或额定电压与装置主体512内的第四储能装置507的输出功率或者额定电压相同。在户外野餐或者露营或者旅行中可以采用双向电源装置5级联多个扩容装置6后供电，以增加装置的总容量保证续航时间。
在本实施例中，扩容装置6至少可以内置一个或多个第三储能装置60。其中，多个第三储能装置60的电参数可以相同也可以不同。其中，电参数可以包括第三储能装置60的额定电压或者容量等。示例性的，多个第三储能装置60均为56V的电池包。示例性的，多个第三储能装置60包括12V、18V以及20V的电池包。
在一个实施例中，第一扩容装置601内的所有第三储能装置60的电参数可以相同，而第二扩容装置601内的所有第三储能装置60的电参数不同。在一个实施例中，第一扩容装置601内的所有第三储能装置60的电参数不同，而第二扩容装置601内的所有第三储能装置60的电参数相同。在一个实施例中，第一扩容装置601内的所有第三储能装置60的电参数不同，而第二扩容装置601内 的所有第三储能装置60的电参数不同。在一个实施例中，第一扩容装置601内的所有第三储能装置60的电参数相同，而第二扩容装置601内的所有第三储能装置60的电参数相同。
在本实施例中，同一个扩容装置6内的所有第三储能装置60可以并联连接和/或串联连接。具体与该扩容装置6内的所有第三储能装置60的电参数是否相同，以及第三储能装置的电参数与第四储能装置507的电参数是否相同有关。例如，双向电源装置5的额定电压为56V即装置主体512的额定输出电压为56V，若第一扩容装置601中的第三储能装置60均为56V的电池包，则第一扩容装置601内的所有第三储能装置60并联连接；若第一扩容装置601内包括18V、20V的电池包，则第一扩容装置601内的所有第三储能装置60可能既有串联连接也有并联连接。
在本实施例中，与装置主体512连接的第一扩容装置601和第二扩容装置602之间的电气连接为并联连接。
在本实施例中，双向电源装置5内的电源管理模块除了能够管理装置主体512内的第四储能装置507的充放电，还可以管理第四储能装置507与扩容装置6内的第三储能装置60之间的能量传输。例如可以控制第三储能装置60为第四储能装置507充电，也可以控制第四储能装置507为第三储能装置60充电。在一个实施例中，电源管理模块还可以控制第四储能装置507为扩容装置6内的部分第三储能装置60充电，或者控制扩容装置6内的部分第三储能装置60为第四储能装置507充电。
在一个实施例中，扩容装置6中可以设有扩容管理模块(未示出)，能与装置主体512内的电源管理模块电气连接和/或通信连接。从而扩容装置6内的第三储能装置60的电池类型或者电量或者电压等其他的电池信息可以传递至装 置主体512内的电源管理模块，以便电池管理模块控制装置主体512或者扩容装置6之间的电能传输。
在一种实现方式中，第二扩容装置602内的扩容管理模块可以与第一扩容装置601内的扩容管理模块电气连接以及通信连接，第一扩容装置601内的扩容管理模块可以与装置主体512内的电源管理模块电气连接以及通信连接，从而第二扩容装置602内的扩容管理模块能够间接与上述电源管理模块通信。
在一个实施例中，电源管理模块还可以管理双向电源装置5对外部用电设备的供电。
在一个实施例中，双向电源装置5级联多个扩容装置6后还可以在最下端的扩容装置6下可拆卸连接一个行走轮组，以便用户推动或拉动双向电源装置5。
以上显示和描述了本申请的基本原理、主要特征和优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，上述实施例不以任何形式限制本申请，凡采用等同替换或等效变换的方式所获得的技术方案，均落在本申请的保护范围内。

Claims (111)

  1. 一种双向电源装置，包括：
    交流电输入端，设置为输入交流电至所述双向电源装置；
    交流电输出端，设置为输出交流电至交流电设备；
    直流电输入或输出端，设置为至少能在所述双向电源装置和直流电设备之间双向传输直流电；
    双向能量变换模块，设置为至少能对输入所述双向电源装置的电能进行多种能量变换；
    电源管理模块，至少与所述交流电输入端，所述交流电输出端和所述直流电输入或输出端电连接；
    所述电源管理模块被配置为：
    根据所述交流电输入端或所述交流电输出端或所述直流电输入或输出端的端口连接情况，控制所述双向能量变换模块的能量变换方式。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述直流电输入或输出端包括输入直流电至所述双向电源装置的直流电输入端，输出直流电至所述直流电审的直流电输出端，以及在所述双向电源装置和直流电设备之间双向传输直流电的直流电输入/输出端。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述交流电输入端设置为至少接入交流市电或汽车充电桩。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述交流电设备至少包括交流电动工具或者交直流电动工具；所述直流电设备至少包括直流电动工具或所述交直流电动工具。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述直流电输入端包括光伏充电装置端，车载充电端口中的至少一个。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述直流电输入/输出端包括双向USB Type-C接口，第三储能装置中的至少一个。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述直流电输出端包括至少一个单向USB Type-C接口或者至少一个USB Type-A接口。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述双向电源装置还包括：物联网模块，设置为能与外部终端设备通信，以获取用户通过所述外部终端设备输入的操作信息。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述电源管理模块被配置为至少根据所述操作信息调整所述交流电输入端或所述交流电输出端或所述直流电输入或输出端的输入功率或输出功率。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述双向电源装置还包括：LED灯；LED控制器，设置为控制LED灯的点亮状态，所述点亮状态至少包括灯闪频率或者光照强度或者被点亮的数量。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述双向电源装置还包括：显示屏，至少用于显示所述交流电输入端或所述交流电输出端或所述直流电输入或输出端的端口连接情况。
  12. 一种双向电源装置，包括：
    壳体；
    至少一个电能输入端，设置为输入电能至所述双向电源装置；
    至少一个电能输出端，设置为输出电能至用电设备；
    双向能量变换模块，设置为至少能对输入所述双向电源装置的电能进行多种能量变换；
    其中，所述双向电源装置可拆卸级联至少一个扩容装置；
    所述扩容装置内置至少一个第三储能装置。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述扩容装置内的多个第三储能装置的电参数相同。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述扩容装置内的多个第三储能装置的电参数不同。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的双向电源装置，其中，直接连接至所述双向电源装置的第一扩容装置内置的多个第三储能装置的电参数相同，间接连接至所述双向电源装置的第二扩容装置内置的多个第三储能装置的电参数不同。
  16. 根据权利要求12所述的双向电源装置，其中，直接连接至所述双向电源装置的第一扩容装置内置的多个第三储能装置的电参数不同，间接连接至所述双向电源装置的第二扩容装置内置的多个第三储能装置的电参数相同。
  17. 根据权利要求12所述的双向电源装置，其中，直接连接至所述双向电源装置的第一扩容装置内置的多个第三储能装置的电参数相同，间接连接至所述双向电源装置的第二扩容装置内置的多个第三储能装置的电参数相同。
  18. 根据权利要求12所述的双向电源装置，其中，直接连接至所述双向电源装置的第一扩容装置内置的多个第三储能装置的电参数不同，间接连接至所述双向电源装置的第二扩容装置内置的多个第三储能装置的电参数不同。
  19. 根据权利要求13-18任一项所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述电参数包括额定电压，容量中的至少一个。
  20. 根据权利要求15-18任一项所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述第一扩容装置与所述第二扩容装置之间的连接包括电气连接和机械连接。
  21. 根据权利要求15-18任一项所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述双向电源装置与所述第一扩容装置之间的连接包括电气连接和机械连接。
  22. 根据权利要求12所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述双向电源装置还包括：结构连接端和电气连接端；所述结构连接端与所述扩容装置上的结构连接端形成互锁装置；所述电气连接端与与所述扩容装置上的电气连接端适配。
  23. 根据权利要求12所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述双向电源装置还包括：设置在所述壳体内的第四储能装置；级联至所述双向电源装置的扩容装置设置为向所述第四储能装置传输电能；所述第四储能装置设置为向所述扩容装置传输电能。
  24. 根据权利要求12所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述扩容装置内的多个第三储能装置之间并联连接和/或串联连接。
  25. 根据权利要求15-18任一项所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述第一扩容装置与所述第二扩容装置之间并联电气连接。
  26. 一种能量装置，包括：
    负载接口，用于接入负载；
    第一电源接口，用于接入交流电源；
    第二电源接口，包括适于连接到电池包的电池连接端子；
    能量变换电路，具有第一电路端和第二电路端；
    其中，所述第一电路端与所述负载接口、所述第一电源接口以及所述第二电源接口中的一个或两个电连接，所述第二电路端与剩余接口中的至少一个电连接；
    所述能量变换电路能对接入的电能进行多种能量变换，输出提供至所述第一电路端的电能和提供至所述第二电路端的电能。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述能量变换电路包括多个能量变换单元，能够产生至少两种能量变换状 态；
    所述能量变换电路在一种能量变换状态下能输出提供至所述第一电路端的电能，在另一种能量变换状态下能输出提供至所述第二电路端的电能。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述多个能量变换单元能组成三级变换电路；
    所述三级变换电路，能对接入的电能进行三级能量变换以获得提供至所述第一电路端的电能和提供至所述第二电路端的电能。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述三级能量变换包括直流与交流的一级变换、可变电压与不变电压的二级变换以及电压升降的三级变换。
  30. 根据权利要求27所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述多个能量变换单元能组成两级变换电路；
    所述两级变换电路，能对接入的电能进行两级能量变换以获得提供至所述第一电路端的电能和提供至所述第二电路端的电能。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述两级能量变换包括直流与交流的一级变换和一种组合变换；
    所述组合变换由可变电压与不变电压的二级变换和电压升降的三级变换构成。
  32. 一种能量装置，包括：
    负载接口，用于接入负载；
    第一电源接口，用于接入交流电源；
    第二电源接口，包括适于连接到电池包的电池连接端子；
    能量变换电路，能在接入所述交流电源和所述电池包时为所述电池包提供 充电能量，或者在接入所述电池包和所述负载时为所述负载提供放电能量。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述能量装置还包括：
    检测单元，至少用于检测所述负载接口和至少一个电源接口的连接状态，以及所接入的所述负载的电参数、所述交流电源的电参数和所述电池包的电参数；
    控制单元，至少与所述能量变换电路电连接；
    所述控制单元被配置为：
    根据所述连接状态和所述电参数控制所述能量变换电路输出所述充电能量和所述放电能量。
  34. 根据权利要求32所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述能量变换电路包括多个能量变换单元，能够产生至少两种能量变换状态；
    所述能量变换电路在一种能量变换状态下能输出所述充电电能，在另一种能量变换状态下能输出所述放电电能。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述多个能量变换单元能组成三级变换电路；
    所述三级变换电路，能对接入的电能进行三级能量变换以获得所述充电电能或所述放电电能。
  36. 根据权利要求35所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述三级能量变换包括直流与交流的一级变换、可变电压与不变电压的二级变换以及电压升降的三级变换。
  37. 根据权利要求34所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述多个能量变换单元能组成两级变换电路；
    所述两级变换电路，能对接入的电能进行两级能量变换以获得所述充电电能或所述放电电能。
  38. 根据权利要求37所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述两级能量变换包括直流与交流的一级变换和一种组合变换；
    所述组合变换由可变电压与不变电压的二级变换和电压升降的三级变换构成。
  39. 根据权利要求32所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述能量装置为充电器；
    所述充电器能接入所述电池包和所述交流电源以输出充电电流为所述电池包提供充电能量，或者接入所述电池包和所述负载为所述负载提供放电能量。
  40. 根据权利要求39所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述充电器的充电功率大于等于550W且小于等于8KW。
  41. 根据权利要求39所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述能量装置为逆变器；
    所述逆变器能接入所述电池包和所述交流电源以输出充电电流为所述电池包提供充电能量，或者接入所述电池包和所述负载为所述负载提供放电能量。
  42. 一种能量装置，包括：
    负载接口，用于接入负载；
    电源接口，用于接入交流电源和/或电池包；
    能量变换电路，能在接入所述交流电源和所述电池包时为所述电池包提供充电能量，或者在接入所述电池包和所述负载时为所述负载提供放电能量；
    所述能量装置提供所述充电能量的充电功率大于等于50W且小于等于 8KW；
    所述能量装置提供所述放电能量的放电功率大于等于50W且小于等于8KW。
  43. 根据权利要求42所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述充电功率大于等于100W且小于等于7KW；
    所述放电功率大于等于100W且小于等于7KW。
  44. 根据权利要求42所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述充电功率大于等于250W且小于等于6KW；
    所述放电功率大于等于250W且小于等于6KW。
  45. 根据权利要求42所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述充电功率大于等于500W且小于等于5KW；
    所述放电功率大于等于500W且小于等于5KW。
  46. 根据权利要求42所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述充电功率大于等于1200W且小于等于4KW；
    所述放电功率大于等于1200W且小于等于4KW。
  47. 一种能量装置，包括：
    负载接口，用于接入负载；
    电源接口，用于接入交流电源和/或电池包；
    能量变换电路，能在接入所述交流电源和所述电池包时为所述电池包提供充电能量，或者在接入所述电池包和所述负载时为所述负载提供放电能量；
    所述能量装置提供所述充电能量的充电电流大于等于1A且小于等于150A；
    所述能量装置提供所述放电能量的放电电流大于等于1A且小于等于150A。
  48. 根据权利要求47所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述充电电流大于等于25A且小于等于100A；
    所述放电电流大于等于25A且小于等于100A。
  49. 一种能量装置，包括：
    壳体；
    负载接口，用于接入负载；
    第一电源接口，用于接入交流电源；
    第二电源接口，用于接入所述第一储能装置；
    第二储能装置，设置在所述壳体内，以存储电能；
    能量变换电路，能与所述负载接口、所述第一电源接口、所述第二电源接口和所述第二储能装置电连接，对接入的电能进行多种能量变换，并将变换后的电能提供给所述第二电源接口或者所述负载接口或者所述第二储能装置。
  50. 根据权利要求49所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述第一储能装置的储能材料和所述第二储能装置的储能材料不同。
  51. 根据权利要求50所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述第一储能装置的总容量与所述第二储能装置的总容量不同。
  52. 一种能量装置，包括：
    负载接口，用于接入负载；
    第一电源接口，用于接入交流电源；
    第二电源接口，包括适于连接到电池包的电池连接端子；
    能量变换电路，具有第一电路端和第二电路端；
    其中，所述第一电路端与所述负载接口、所述第一电源接口以及所述第二电源接口中的一个或两个电连接，所述第二电路端与剩余接口中的至少一个电 连接；
    所述能量变换电路能对接入的电能进行多种能量变换，输出提供至所述第一电路端的电能和提供至所述第二电路端的电能；
    所述能量装置提供所述电能时的输出功率大于等于50W且小于等于8KW。
  53. 根据权利要求22所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述电池连接端子包括连接极片、Type-C接口、无线充电端口中的任一个。
  54. 一种能量装置，包括：
    负载接口，用于接入负载；
    第一电源接口，用于接入交流电源；
    第二电源接口，包括适于连接到电池包的电池连接端子；
    能量变换电路，具有第一电路端和第二电路端；
    其中，所述第一电路端与所述负载接口、所述第一电源接口以及所述第二电源接口中的一个或两个电连接，所述第二电路端与剩余接口中的至少一个电连接；
    所述能量变换电路能对接入的电能进行多种能量变换，输出提供至所述第一电路端的电能和提供至所述第二电路端的电能；
    所述能量装置提供所述能量时的输出电流大于等于1A且小于等于150A。
  55. 一种能量装置，包括：
    壳体；
    负载接口，用于接入负载；
    外部电源接口，用于接入交流电源和第一储能装置，或者用于接入所述第一储能装置；
    内部电源接口，用于接入设置在所述壳体内的第二储能装置；
    能量变换电路，具有第一电路端和第二电路端；
    其中，所述第一电路端与所述负载接口、所述外部电源接口以及所述内部电源接口中的至少一个电连接，所述第二电路端与剩余接口中的至少一个电连接；
    所述能量变换电路能对接入的电能进行多种能量变换，输出提供至所述第一电路端的电能和提供至所述第二电路端的电能。
  56. 一种能量系统，包括：
    负载；
    电池包，用以提供直流供电电能；
    交流电源，用以提供交流供电电能；
    能量装置，至少包括：
    负载接口，用于接入所述负载
    第一电源接口，用于接入所述交流电源；
    第二电源接口，包括适于连接到所述电池包的电池连接端子；
    所述能量装置，能输出不同流动方向的供电电能，以为所述电池包或所述负载供电。
  57. 一种能量系统，包括：
    负载；
    第一储能装置，用以储存电能；
    交流电源，用以提供交流供电电能；
    能量装置，与所述第一储能装置、所述交流电源和所述负载中的至少两个电连接；
    控制单元，至少与所述能量装置连接，能控制所述能量装置产生多种能量变换状态；
    其中，所述能量装置在不同的能量变换状态输出的不同流动方向的电能；
    所述能量装置提供所述能量时的输出功率大于或等于50W且小于或等于8KW。
  58. 一种能量系统，包括：
    负载；
    第一储能装置，用以储存电能；
    交流电源，用以提供交流供电电能；
    能量装置，与所述第一储能装置、所述交流电源和所述负载中的至少两个电连接；
    控制单元，至少与所述能量装置连接，能控制所述能量装置产生多种能量变换状态；
    其中，所述能量装置在不同的能量变换状态输出不同流动方向的电能；
    所述能量装置提供所述能量时的输出电流大于等于1A且小于等于150A。
  59. 一种能量装置，包括：
    壳体；
    负载接口，用于接入负载；
    电源接口，用于接入交流电源和/或第一储能装置；
    第二储能装置，设置在所述壳体内，以储存电能；
    所述能量装置，用于输出不同流动方向的充电电流或放电电流，以为所述第一储能装置或所述第二储能装置或所述负载提供电能。
  60. 根据权利要求59所述的能量装置，其中，
    所述第一储能装置的总能量与所述第二储能装置的总能量不同。
  61. 一种行走设备，包括：
    主机；
    行走轮组，包括支撑所述主机的行走轮；
    功能组件，安装在所述主机上，以供所述行走设备执行附件功能；
    储能装置，用于存储能量；
    能量装置，能安装在所述主机上，能接入交流电源以所述储能装置充电，或者将所述储能装置中的能量转换后为所述行走设备供电或者为另外的电动设备供电。
  62. 根据权利要求61所述的行走设备，其中，
    所述储能装置设置在所述能量装置内或者设置在所述能量装置外。
  63. 根据权利要求61所述的行走设备，其中，
    所述能量装置为充电器。
  64. 根据权利要求63所述的行走设备，其中，
    所述充电器的充电功率大于等于1600W。
  65. 根据权利要求61所述的行走设备，其中，
    所述能量装置可拆卸的安装在所述行走设备上。
  66. 根据权利要求61所述的行走设备，其中，
    所述能量装置至少形成有与车辆充电桩连接的第一接口和为另外的电动设备供电的第二接口。
  67. 根据权利要求61所述的行走设备，其中，
    所述功能组件包括割草附件、扫雪附件、洒水附件、吹风附件中的任一个。
  68. 一种能量装置，包括：
    负载接口，用于接入负载；
    电源接口，用于接入交流电源和/或电池包；
    能量变换电路，能在接入所述交流电源和所述电池包时为所述电池包提供充电能量，或者在接入所述电池包和所述负载时为所述负载提供放电能量；
    其中，所述能量变换电路包括双向DC-DC模块、逆变模块和PFC模块。
  69. 根据权利要求68所述的能量装置，其中，所述双向DC-DC模块与所述逆变模块构成所述电池包向所述负载提供放电能量的能量传输路径；所述PFC模块与所述双向DC-DC模块构成所述交流电源向所述电池包提供充电能量的能量传输路径。
  70. 一种能量装置，包括：
    负载接口，用于接入负载；
    电源接口，用于接入交流电源和/或电池包；
    能量变换电路，能在接入所述交流电源和所述电池包时为所述电池包提供充电能量，或者在接入所述电池包和所述负载时为所述负载提供放电能量；
    其中，所述能量变换电路包括两个单相DC-DC模块和双向逆变模块。
  71. 根据权利要求70所述的能量装置，其中，所述两个单相DC-DC模块中的一个与所述双向逆变模块构成所述电池包向所述负载提供放电能量的能量传输路径；所述两个单相DC-DC模块中的另一个与所述双向逆变模块构成所述交流电源向所述电池包提供充电能量的能量传输路径。
  72. 一种能量装置，包括：
    壳体；
    负载接口，用于接入负载；
    电源接口，用于接入交流电源和/或第一储能装置；
    第二储能装置，设置在所述壳体内，以储存电能；
    能量变换电路，能在接入所述交流电源时为所述第一储能装置和/或所述第二储能装置提供充电能量，或者在接入所述第一储能装置和/或所述第二储能装置时为所述负载提供放电能量；
    其中，所述能量变换电路包括双向DC-DC模块、逆变模块和PFC模块。
  73. 根据权利要求72所述的能量装置，其中，所述双向DC-DC模块与所述逆变模块构成所述第一储能装置和/或所述第二储能装置向所述负载提供放电能量的能量传输路径；所述PFC模块与所述双向DC-DC模块构成所述交流电源向所述第一储能装置和/或所述第二储能装置提供充电能量的能量传输路径。
  74. 一种能量装置，包括：
    壳体；
    负载接口，用于接入负载；
    电源接口，用于接入交流电源和/或第一储能装置；
    第二储能装置，设置在所述壳体内，以储存电能；
    能量变换电路，能在接入所述交流电源时为所述第一储能装置和/或所述第二储能装置提供充电能量，或者在接入所述第一储能装置和/或所述第二储能装置时为所述负载提供放电能量；
    其中，所述能量变换电路包括两个单相DC-DC模块和双向逆变模块。
  75. 根据权利要求74所述的能量装置，其中，所述两个单相DC-DC模块中的一个与所述双向逆变模块构成所述第一储能装置和/或所述第二储能装置向所述负载提供放电能量的能量传输路径；所述两个单相DC-DC模块中的另一个与所述双向逆变模块构成所述交流电源向所述第一储能装置和/或所述第二储能装置提供充电能量的能量传输路径。
  76. 一种双向电源装置，包括：
    壳体；
    交流电输入端，设置为输入交流电至所述双向电源装置；
    交流电输出端，设置为输出交流电至交流电设备；
    直流电输入或输出端，设置为至少能在所述双向电源装置和直流电设备之间双向传输直流电，其中所述直流电设备至少包括能够存储电能和输出电能的第三储能装置；
    双向能量变换模块，设置为至少能对输入所述双向电源装置的电能进行多种能量变换；
    电源管理模块，至少与所述交流电输入端，所述交流电输出端和所述直流电输入或输出端电连接；
    所述电源管理模块被配置为：
    根据所述交流电输入端或所述交流电输出端或所述直流电输入或输出端的端口连接情况，控制所述双向能量变换模块的能量变换方式；
    所述交流电输出端和/或所述直流电输入或输出端的输出功率大于等于600W。
  77. 一种双向电源装置，包括：
    壳体；
    交流电输入端，设置为输入交流电至所述双向电源装置；
    交流电输出端，设置为输出交流电至交流电设备；
    直流电输入或输出端，设置为至少能在所述双向电源装置和直流电设备之间双向传输直流电；
    双向能量变换模块，设置为至少能对输入所述双向电源装置的电能进行多 种能量变换；
    电源管理模块，至少与所述交流电输入端，所述交流电输出端和所述直流电输入或输出端电连接；
    其中，所述直流电设备至少包括第三储能装置；
    所述双向电源装置还包括设置在所述壳体内的第四储能装置；
    所述电源管理模块被配置为控制所述第三储能装置和所述第四储能装置的放电方式。
  78. 根据权利要求77所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述电源管理模块被配置为根据所述第三储能装置和所述第四储能装置的特性参数控制所述第三储能装置和所述第四储能装置的放电方式。
  79. 根据权利要求77所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述放电方式包括放电顺序或者放电状态或者放电时间或者放电频率。
  80. 根据权利要求78所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述特性参数包括用于衡量所述第三储能装置和所述第四储能装置能否稳定输出电能的参数。
  81. 根据权利要求77所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述电源管理模块被配置为：控制所述第三储能装置先放电。
  82. 根据权利要求78所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述直流电设备包括多个所述第三储能装置；所述电源管理模块被配置为：在多个第三储能装置的特性参数满足放电参数阈值时，控制多个第三储能装置并联放电。
  83. 根据权利要求77所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述第四储能装置的总容量小于所述第三储能装置的总容量，或者所述第四储能装置的放电功率小于所述第三储能装置的放电功率，或者所述第四储能装置的额定电压小于所述第三储能装置的额定电压。
  84. 根据权利要求78所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述电源管理模块被配置为：在所述第三储能装置和所述第四储能装置的特性参数满足放电参数阈值时，控制所述第三储能装置放电预设时间后，再控制所述第四储能装置放电。
  85. 根据权利要求78所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述电源管理模块被配置为：在所述第三储能装置和所述第四储能装置的特性参数满足放电参数阈值时，控制所述第三储能装置先放电，并控制所述第三储能装置和所述第四储能装置以设定频率交替放电。
  86. 根据权利要求77所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述第四储能装置507的输出功率大于等于200W小于等于800W。
  87. 根据权利要求77所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述双向电源装置还包括：物联网模块，设置为能与外部终端设备通信，以获取用户通过所述外部终端设备输入的操作信息。
  88. 根据权利要求87所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述电源管理模块被配置为至少根据所述操作信息调整所述第三储能装置或所述第四储能装置的放电方式。
  89. 一种双向电源装置，包括：
    壳体；
    交流电输入端，设置为输入交流电至所述双向电源装置；
    交流电输出端，设置为输出交流电至交流电设备；
    直流电输入或输出端，设置为至少能在所述双向电源装置和直流电设备之间双向传输直流电；
    双向能量变换模块，设置为至少能对输入所述双向电源装置的电能进行多种能量变换；
    电源管理模块，至少与所述交流电输入端，所述交流电输出端和所述直流电输入或输出端电连接；
    其中，所述直流电设备至少包括第三储能装置；
    所述双向电源装置还包括设置在所述壳体内的第四储能装置；
    所述电源管理模块被配置为根据所述交流电输入端和所述直流电输入或输出端接入充电电源的情况，控制所述第三储能装置和所述第四储能装置充电。
  90. 根据权利要求89所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述电源管理模块被配置为：控制所述第四储能装置先充电，并在所述第四储能装置充满电后控制所述第三储能装置充电。
  91. 根据权利要求89所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述双向电源装置包括多个第三储能装置，所述电源管理模块被配置为：按照多个第三储能装置的当前电压设置多个第三储能装置的充电顺序。
  92. 根据权利要求89所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述直流电输入或输出端包括所述第四储能装置端，光伏充电装置端，车载充电端口，双向USB Type-C接口，单向USB Type-C接口，USB Type-A接口中的至少一个。
  93. 根据权利要求92所述的双向电源装置，其中，在所述交流电输入端接入交流电网时，定义所述双向电源装置具有第一充电方式；在所述光伏充电装置端接入光伏充电装置时，定义所述双向电源装置具有第二充电方式；在所述双向USB Type-C接口接入车载充电端口时，定义所述双向电源装置具有第三充电方式。
  94. 根据权利要求93所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述第一充电方式的优先级高于所述第二充电方式的优先级，所述第二充电方式的优先级高于所述第一充电方式的优先级。
  95. 根据权利要求94所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述双向电源装置在以所述第一充电方式或所述第二充电方式为所述第三储能装置或第四储能装置充电时，所述交流电输出端能输出交流电给交流电设备供电，所述双向USB Type-C接口或所述单向USB Type-C接口或所述USB Type-A接口能输出直流电给直流用电设备供电。
  96. 根据权利要求94所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述双向电源装置在以所述第三充电方式为所述第三储能装置或第四储能装置充电时，所述交流电输出端能输出交流电给交流电设备供电，所述单向USB Type-C接口或所述USB Type-A接口能输出直流电给直流用电设备供电。
  97. 根据权利要求89所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述双向电源装置还包括：物联网模块，设置为能与外部终端设备通信，以获取用户通过所述外部终端设备输入的操作信息。
  98. 根据权利要求97所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述电源管理模块被配置为至少根据所述操作信息控制所述第三储能装置或所述第四储能装置充电。
  99. 一种电源装置系统，包括：
    多个双向电源装置；
    所述双向电源装置包括：
    至少一个电能输入端，设置为输入电能至所述双向电源装置；
    至少一个电能输出端，设置为输出电能至用电设备；
    双向能量变换模块，设置为至少能对输入所述双向电源装置的电能进行多种能量变换；
    其中，至少两个所述双向电源装置的至少一个所述电能输出端电耦合后输出电能。
  100. 根据权利要求99所述的电源装置系统，其中，所述电能输出端电耦合的至少两个双向电源装置之间设置有机械连接结构。
  101. 根据权利要求99所述的电源装置系统，其中，所述电源装置系统的容量与其接入的第三储能装置的个数正相关；所述电源装置系统的输出功率与其接入的所述第三储能装置的个数正相关。
  102. 一种双向电源装置，包括：
    壳体；
    至少一个电能输入端，设置为输入电能至所述双向电源装置；
    至少一个电能输出端，设置为输出电能至用电设备；
    双向能量变换模块，设置为至少能对输入所述双向电源装置的电能进行多种能量变换；
    其中，至少一个所述电能输入端级联多个第三储能装置或者每个所述电能输入端连接一个所述第三储能装置。
  103. 根据权利要求102所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述电能输出端的输出功率与所述双向电源装置级联的所述第三储能装置的个数无关。
  104. 根据权利要求102所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述双向电源装置的容量与其级联所述第三储能装置的个数正相关。
  105. 一种双向电源装置，包括：
    装置主体；
    所述装置主体包括：
    第四储能装置，内置于所述装置主体；
    至少一个电能输入端，设置为输入电能至所述双向电源装置；
    至少一个电能输出端，设置为输出电能至用电设备；
    双向能量变换模块，设置为至少能对输入所述双向电源装置的电能进行多种能量变换；
    其中，所述双向电源装置还包括：
    至少一个扩容装置，可拆卸级联至所述装置主体；
    所述扩容装置内置至少一个第三储能装置。
  106. 根据权利要求105所述的双向电源装置，其中，每个所述扩容装置之间可拆卸电气连接以及可拆卸机械连接。
  107. 根据权利要求105所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述双向电源装置还包括电源管理模块，内置于所述装置主体；所述电源管理模块设置为管理所述第四储能装置的充放电，以及管理所述扩容装置内的至少一个第三储能装置的充放电。
  108. 根据权利要求107所述的双向电源装置，其中，每个所述扩容装置内设置有扩容管理模块，所述扩容管理模块设置为与所述电源管理模块通信。
  109. 根据权利要求108所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述扩容管理模块设置为与另外的扩容管理模块通信。
  110. 根据权利要求105所述的双向电源装置，其中，所述双向电源装置的总容量与所述主体模块级联的所述扩容模块的个数正相关。
  111. 一种双向电源装置，包括：
    壳体；
    至少一个电能输入端，设置为输入电能至所述双向电源装置；
    至少一个电能输出端，设置为输出电能至用电设备；
    双向能量变换模块，设置为至少能对输入所述双向电源装置的电能进行多种能量变换；
    其中，所述双向电源装置可拆卸级联至少一个扩容装置；
    所述扩容装置内置至少一个第三储能装置；
    所述扩容装置内的多个第三储能装置的电参数不同。
PCT/CN2023/096524 2022-05-26 2023-05-26 双向电源装置及系统 Ceased WO2023227108A1 (zh)

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