WO2023233770A1 - 紫外線硬化型インク、硬化物形成方法、硬化物、および硬化物形成装置 - Google Patents
紫外線硬化型インク、硬化物形成方法、硬化物、および硬化物形成装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023233770A1 WO2023233770A1 PCT/JP2023/011326 JP2023011326W WO2023233770A1 WO 2023233770 A1 WO2023233770 A1 WO 2023233770A1 JP 2023011326 W JP2023011326 W JP 2023011326W WO 2023233770 A1 WO2023233770 A1 WO 2023233770A1
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- ink
- ultraviolet curable
- cured product
- curable ink
- photopolymerization initiator
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/17—Ink jet characterised by ink handling
- B41J2/18—Ink recirculation systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J11/00—Devices or arrangements of selective printing mechanisms, e.g. ink-jet printers or thermal printers, for supporting or handling copy material in sheet or web form
- B41J11/0015—Devices or arrangements of selective printing mechanisms, e.g. ink-jet printers or thermal printers, for supporting or handling copy material in sheet or web form for treating before, during or after printing or for uniform coating or laminating the copy material before or after printing
- B41J11/002—Curing or drying the ink on the copy materials, e.g. by heating or irradiating
- B41J11/0021—Curing or drying the ink on the copy materials, e.g. by heating or irradiating using irradiation
- B41J11/00214—Curing or drying the ink on the copy materials, e.g. by heating or irradiating using irradiation using UV radiation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M7/00—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock
- B41M7/0081—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock using electromagnetic radiation or waves, e.g. ultraviolet radiation, electron beams
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
- C09D11/101—Inks specially adapted for printing processes involving curing by wave energy or particle radiation, e.g. with UV-curing following the printing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/32—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents
- C09D11/322—Pigment inks
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/38—Inkjet printing inks characterised by non-macromolecular additives other than solvents, pigments or dyes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/50—Sympathetic, colour changing or similar inks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an ultraviolet curable ink, a method for forming a cured product, a cured product, and an apparatus for forming a cured product.
- Ultraviolet curable inks containing photopolymerizable compounds are known as inks used in the printing field. When ultraviolet curable ink is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, it can be cured by polymerizing a photopolymerizable compound to form a printed matter. Printed matter formed with ultraviolet curable ink has excellent durability and can therefore be used for outdoor signboards and the like.
- an ink containing a fluorescent whitening agent As an ink capable of increasing the brightness of a printed portion, an ink containing a fluorescent whitening agent is known, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- Optical brighteners can absorb light at a specific wavelength and emit light at a different wavelength than the absorbed wavelength.
- fluorescent whitening agents stop emitting light as soon as the light irradiation is stopped, the brightness can only be increased while the ink is being irradiated with light from the light source.
- ultraviolet curable ink containing a luminescent pigment and a polymerizable compound is known (for example, Patent Documents 2 and 3).
- Luminescent pigments can absorb light of specific wavelengths and store the energy of the light. The light energy accumulated in the phosphorescent pigment is emitted for a long time as light with a different wavelength from the absorbed light even after the light absorption has stopped.
- the luminescent pigment absorbs light such as sunlight and accumulates light energy, making it possible to emit light even at night. can. Therefore, the printed portion can be visually recognized even in a dark place.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is an ultraviolet curable ink containing a phosphorescent pigment, which can suppress yellowing of the formed cured product and decrease in brightness, and It is an object of the present invention to provide an ultraviolet curable ink capable of suppressing a decrease in the curability of a product, a method for forming a cured product using the same, a cured product, and a device for forming a cured product.
- One aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems relates to the ultraviolet curable inks described in [1] to [12] below.
- [1] Contains a photopolymerizable compound, a phosphorescent pigment that emits light with a wavelength of 405 nm, and a photopolymerization initiator whose extinction coefficient for light with a wavelength of 405 nm is 100 mL/g cm or more, The content of the ultraviolet curable ink is 0.1% by mass or more and 1.5% by mass or less based on the total mass of the photopolymerizable compound.
- [2] The ultraviolet curable ink according to [1], which is an inkjet ink.
- UV curable ink [5] The ultraviolet curable ink according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the content of the luminescent pigment is less than 50% by mass based on the total mass of the ultraviolet curable ink.
- the photopolymerization initiator is an intramolecularly cleavable photopolymerization initiator.
- one aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems relates to the cured product forming methods described in [9] to [11] below.
- a method for forming a cured product comprising the steps of: further applying the ultraviolet curable ink onto the ink irradiated with the ultraviolet rays; and irradiating the ultraviolet curable ink applied onto the ink with ultraviolet rays.
- the method for forming a cured product the method for forming a cured product.
- the step of applying the ultraviolet curable ink to the substrate includes discharging the ultraviolet curable ink from a nozzle of an inkjet head to apply the ultraviolet curable ink to the substrate, and the method for forming a cured product comprises: , further comprising the steps of discharging the ultraviolet curable ink that has not been ejected from the nozzles of the inkjet head from the inkjet head, and resupplying the discharged ultraviolet curable ink to the inkjet head. , [9] or [10].
- one aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems relates to the cured products of [12] and [13] below.
- [12] A cured product obtained by curing the ultraviolet curable ink according to any one of [1] to [8].
- a cured product comprising an ink applying section that applies the ultraviolet curable ink according to any one of [1] to [8] to a substrate, and an LED light source that irradiates the ultraviolet curable ink with ultraviolet rays.
- Forming device [15] An inkjet head for ejecting the ultraviolet curable ink, the ultraviolet curable ink not ejected from the inkjet head is ejected from the inkjet head, and the ejected ultraviolet curable ink is ejected from the inkjet head.
- the cured product forming device according to [14] which resupplies the cured product to the head.
- an ultraviolet curable ink containing a luminescent pigment can further suppress the occurrence of yellowing and a decrease in brightness of a cured product that is formed, and also suppress a decrease in the curability of the cured product.
- the present invention provides an ultraviolet curable ink that can be cured, a method for forming a cured product using the same, a cured product, and an apparatus for forming a cured product.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a hardened material forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the ultraviolet curable ink (hereinafter also simply referred to as "ink") according to the present embodiment includes an ultraviolet polymerizable compound, a phosphorescent pigment, and a photopolymerization initiator.
- the ink is an inkjet ink.
- the present inventors found that yellowing of the cured product is likely to occur when a large amount of photopolymerization initiator is added to the ink containing the luminescent pigment. This is thought to be because the photopolymerization initiator residue present in the cured product has a molecular structure having a covalent bond such as benzene, which is a core capable of absorbing ultraviolet rays. That is, since the mother nucleus absorbs ultraviolet rays, more yellow colors corresponding to wavelengths that are not absorbed become visible, which is thought to cause yellowing.
- the present invention contains a phosphorescent pigment that emits light at a wavelength of 405 nm and a photopolymerization initiator that has an extinction coefficient of 100 mL/g cm or more at a wavelength of 405 nm. It has been found that by using an ultraviolet curable ink, it is possible to reduce the amount of photopolymerization initiator added, thereby suppressing yellowing and a decrease in brightness, and at the same time suppressing a decrease in curability.
- the photopolymerization initiator in the ink absorbs a portion of the ultraviolet rays, starts polymerization of the polymerizable compound, and cures the ink.
- a portion of the ultraviolet light irradiated to the ink is absorbed by the luminescent pigment.
- the phosphorescent pigment that has absorbed ultraviolet light emits light with a wavelength of 405 nm for a long time within the cured product.
- the photopolymerization initiator remaining in the cured product and having an absorption coefficient of 100 mL/g ⁇ cm or more at a wavelength of 405 nm easily absorbs the light emitted from the luminescent pigment. Therefore, it is considered that the polymerization reaction of the unreacted polymerizable compound can be further initiated.
- the curing of the ink occurs due to the luminescence of the phosphorescent pigment, thereby increasing the curability of the cured product. Further, since the luminescence of the luminescent pigment occurs inside the cured product, the ink can be cured more efficiently. This is thought to be because the polymerization reaction is less susceptible to oxygen inhibition. For these reasons, it is thought that even if the amount of photopolymerization initiator added is reduced, it is possible to suppress a decrease in curability.
- the present inventors have also found that by setting the amount of photopolymerization initiator added to 0.1% by mass or more and 1.5% by mass or less, yellowing of the cured product and reduction in brightness can be suppressed. I found it.
- Photopolymerizable Compound The photopolymerizable compound contained in the ink according to this embodiment is a compound that polymerizes and crosslinks upon irradiation with ultraviolet rays.
- photopolymerizable compounds examples include radically polymerizable compounds and cationic polymerizable compounds.
- the photopolymerizable compound is preferably a radically polymerizable compound.
- the photopolymerizable compound may be a monomer, a polymerizable oligomer, or a mixture thereof.
- the ink may contain only one type of photopolymerizable compound, or may contain a combination of two or more types.
- the photopolymerizable compound may be monofunctional or polyfunctional. From the viewpoint of further improving the curability of the cured product, the photopolymerizable compound preferably contains a polyfunctional compound.
- a radically polymerizable compound has a radically polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated bond in its molecule and is a monofunctional or polyfunctional compound.
- compounds having radically polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated bonds include unsaturated carboxylic acids and their salts, unsaturated carboxylic acid ester compounds, unsaturated carboxylic acid urethane compounds, unsaturated carboxylic acid amide compounds and their anhydrides, Examples include acrylonitrile, styrene, unsaturated polyester, unsaturated polyether, unsaturated polyamide, and unsaturated urethane.
- unsaturated carboxylic acids include (meth)acrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, isocrotonic acid, maleic acid, and the like.
- the radically polymerizable compound is preferably an unsaturated carboxylic acid ester and a (meth)acrylate, more preferably a (meth)acrylate.
- Examples of monofunctional (meth)acrylates include isoamyl (meth)acrylate, stearyl (meth)acrylate, isobonyl (meth)acrylate, lauryl (meth)acrylate, octyl (meth)acrylate, decyl (meth)acrylate, isomylstyl ( meth)acrylate, isostearyl (meth)acrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl-diglycol (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(meth)acryloyloxyethyl hexa Hydrophthalic acid, butoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, ethoxydiethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, methoxydiethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, methoxypropylene glycol (meth)acrylate, phenoxye
- polyfunctional (meth)acrylates include triethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tripropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, and polypropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate.
- Examples of cationically polymerizable compounds include epoxy compounds, vinyl ether compounds, and oxetane compounds.
- epoxy compounds examples include 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3',4'-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, bis(3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl)adipate, vinylcyclohexene monoepoxide, ⁇ -caprolactone-modified 3, 4-Epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3',4'-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, 1-methyl-4-(2-methyloxiranyl)-7-oxabicyclo[4,1,0]heptane, 2-(3,4 - cycloaliphatic epoxy resins such as epoxycyclohexyl-5,5-spiro-3,4-epoxy)cyclohexanone-meta-dioxane and bis(2,3-epoxycyclopentyl) ether, diglycidyl ether of 1,4-butanediol , diglycidyl ether of 1,6-hexanedio
- Aliphatic epoxy compounds including polyglycidyl ethers of polyether polyols obtained by adding one or more alkylene oxides (such as ethylene oxide and propylene oxide) to aliphatic polyhydric alcohols, and bisphenol A or Di- or polyglycidyl ethers of alkylene oxide adducts thereof, di- or polyglycidyl ethers of hydrogenated bisphenol A or its alkylene oxide adducts, and aromatic epoxy compounds including novolak-type epoxy resins.
- alkylene oxides such as ethylene oxide and propylene oxide
- vinyl ether compounds include ethyl vinyl ether, n-butyl vinyl ether, isobutyl vinyl ether, octadecyl vinyl ether, cyclohexyl vinyl ether, hydroxybutyl vinyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ether, cyclohexanedimethanol monovinyl ether, n-propyl vinyl ether, isopropyl vinyl ether, isopropenyl Monovinyl ether compounds, including ether-o-propylene carbonate, dodecyl vinyl ether, diethylene glycol monovinyl ether, and octadecyl vinyl ether, as well as ethylene glycol divinyl ether, diethylene glycol divinyl ether, triethylene glycol divinyl ether, propylene glycol divinyl ether, dipropylene glycol divinyl ether , butanediol divinyl ether, hexanedi
- oxetane compounds include 3-hydroxymethyl-3-methyloxetane, 3-hydroxymethyl-3-ethyloxetane, 3-hydroxymethyl-3-propyloxetane, 3-hydroxymethyl-3-n-butyloxetane, -Hydroxymethyl-3-phenyloxetane, 3-hydroxymethyl-3-benzyloxetane, 3-hydroxyethyl-3-methyloxetane, 3-hydroxyethyl-3-ethyloxetane, 3-hydroxyethyl-3-propyloxetane, 3 -Hydroxyethyl-3-phenyloxetane, 3-hydroxypropyl-3-methyloxetane, 3-hydroxypropyl-3-ethyloxetane, 3-hydroxypropyl-3-propyloxetane, 3-hydroxypropyl-3-phenyloxetane, 3 -Hydroxybutyl-3-methyloxetane, 1,4bis ⁇
- the molecular weight of the photopolymerizable compound is preferably 1000 or less, more preferably 600 or less. When the molecular weight is 1000 or less, the viscosity of the ink can be lowered, and the ejection stability can be further improved when the ink is used as an inkjet ink.
- the lower limit of the molecular weight is not particularly limited, but is preferably 200 or more.
- photopolymerizable compounds with a molecular weight of 1000 or less, dipropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tripropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, ) acrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, bisphenol A type di(meth)acrylate, and other photopolymerizable compounds having an alkylene oxide structure or an aromatic ring are preferred. According to the findings of the present inventors, these tend to improve the transparency of the cured product formed from the ink.
- the content of the photopolymerizable compound can be, for example, 1% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less, preferably 30% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less, and 50% by mass, based on the total mass of the ink. More preferably, the content is 95% by mass or less.
- the ink contains a luminescent pigment.
- Luminous pigments can absorb light of a predetermined wavelength and accumulate light energy, and even after they stop absorbing light, they can still use the accumulated light energy to produce light of a different wavelength than the absorbed light. It can be released for a long time. That is, the luminescent pigment can emit phosphorescence.
- the luminescent pigment emits light with a wavelength of 405 nm.
- “emitting light with a wavelength of 405 nm” means that the luminescent pigment has an emission spectrum in which the emission intensity at the wavelength of 405 nm is 0.1% or more of the emission intensity at the maximum emission wavelength. .
- the light emission intensity at a wavelength of 405 nm is 0.15% or more of the light emission intensity at the maximum emission wavelength. It is preferably 0.2% or more, and more preferably 0.2% or more. When the emission intensity is within the above range, the curability of the ink can be further improved.
- the upper limit of the emission intensity is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 80% or less of the emission intensity at the maximum emission wavelength.
- the luminescence intensity of the luminescent pigment can be measured, for example, with a spectrofluorometer (F-7000, manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Science Co., Ltd.). In the above measurement, the wavelength of the phosphorescent pigment excitation light is appropriately selected according to the type of phosphorescent pigment.
- the type of luminescent pigment is not particularly limited as long as it has the above characteristics.
- Examples of luminescent pigments include luminescent pigments obtained by activating a mother crystal, which is a metal compound, with an activator.
- mother crystals examples include sulfides such as zinc sulfide, calcium sulfide, germanium sulfide, strontium sulfide, and yttrium sulfide; metal oxides such as calcium oxide, strontium oxide, barium oxide, alumina, and cerium oxide; calcium aluminate; These include aluminates such as strontium aluminate and barium aluminate, strontium aluminum silicate, and the like. Among these, strontium aluminate, strontium aluminum silicate, etc. are preferred.
- Examples of the activator that activates the mother crystal include europium, terbium, yttrium, zirconium, dysprosium, neodymium, manganese, magnesium, cobalt, titanium, copper, and barium. Among these, europium, dysprosium, and neodymium are preferred.
- Only one type of phosphorescent pigment may be included in the ink, or a combination of two or more types may be included.
- the maximum absorption wavelength in the absorption spectrum of the luminescent pigment is preferably 280 nm or more and 380 nm or less, more preferably 300 nm or more and 360 nm or less.
- the peak wavelength of the absorption spectrum of the phosphorescent pigment is within the above range, the emission intensity of the phosphorescent pigment at a wavelength of 405 nm is likely to fall within the above-mentioned preferable range.
- the maximum absorption wavelength of the luminescent pigment can be measured, for example, with a spectrofluorometer (F-7000, manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Science Co., Ltd.).
- the peak wavelength (maximum emission wavelength) in the emission spectrum of the luminescent pigment is preferably 400 nm or more and 700 nm or less, more preferably 400 nm or more and 550 nm or less. Since the peak wavelength of the emission spectrum of the luminescent pigment is within the above range, the luminescence intensity of the luminescent pigment at a wavelength of 405 nm tends to be a value within the above-mentioned preferable range.
- the peak wavelength of the emission spectrum of the luminescent pigment can be measured, for example, with a spectrofluorometer (F-7000, manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Science Co., Ltd.).
- the particle diameter (d 50 ) at which the cumulative value in the volume-based particle size distribution of the luminescent pigment is 50% is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the particle size is 1 ⁇ m or more, it becomes less susceptible to Mie scattering, and it is possible to further suppress scattering of the luminescence of the luminescent pigment within the cured product, thereby further increasing the brightness of the cured product.
- the luminescence can be sufficiently absorbed by the photopolymerization initiator, and the curability of the cured product can be further improved.
- the particle size is 10 ⁇ m or less, when the ink is used as an inkjet ink, deterioration in ejection stability can be further suppressed.
- the above particle size of the luminescent pigment can be measured with a particle size distribution analyzer (for example, LUMiSizer, manufactured by LUM Japan Co., Ltd.) using the Stokes sedimentation method.
- a particle size distribution analyzer for example, LUMiSizer, manufactured by LUM Japan Co., Ltd.
- the content of the luminescent pigment is preferably less than 50% by mass, and preferably 20% by mass or more and less than 50% by mass, based on the total mass of the ink.
- the content is less than 50% by mass, the proportion of the photopolymerizable compound in the ink can be increased, and the curability of the cured product and the adhesion to the substrate can be further improved.
- the content is less than 50% by mass, when the ink is used as an inkjet ink, a decrease in ejection stability can be suppressed.
- the content is 20% by mass or more, the brightness of the cured product can be further improved.
- the ink contains a photopolymerization initiator having an extinction coefficient of 100 mL/g ⁇ cm or more for light at a wavelength of 405 nm.
- the curing reaction can be further promoted inside the ink by the luminescence of the phosphorescent pigment, so the amount of the photopolymerization initiator added can be reduced. I can do it. As a result, yellowing of the cured product due to the photopolymerization initiator can be suppressed, and the brightness of the cured product can be further enhanced.
- the above-mentioned extinction coefficient of the photopolymerization initiator is preferably from 100 mL/g ⁇ cm to 10,000 mL/g ⁇ cm, and from 500 mL/g ⁇ cm to 1,000 mL/g ⁇ cm. It is preferable that it is below cm.
- the extinction coefficient of the photopolymerization initiator can be measured using a spectrophotometer (V650, (manufactured by JASCO Corporation).
- the photopolymerization initiator can be a radical initiator when the ink contains a radically polymerizable compound, and can be a cationic initiator (photoacid generator) when the ink contains a cationically polymerizable compound.
- radical polymerization initiators examples include intramolecular cleavage type photopolymerization initiators, hydrogen abstraction type polymerization initiators, and the like.
- the above-mentioned radical polymerization initiators may be contained in the ink alone or in combination of two or more types.
- intramolecular cleavage type photopolymerization initiators examples include Irgacure 819 (absorption coefficient: 9.0 ⁇ 10 2 mL/g ⁇ cm) and Irgacure 784 (absorption coefficient: 1.2 ⁇ 10 3 mL/g ⁇ cm). ), Irgacure 379 (absorption coefficient: 2.8 x 10 2 mL/g cm), Irgacure 369 (absorption coefficient: 2.8 x 10 2 mL/g cm) (all manufactured by BASF), Omnirad TPO ( Extinction coefficient: 1.6 ⁇ 10 2 mL/g ⁇ cm (manufactured by IGM Resins), etc. (“extinction coefficient” represents the extinction coefficient of light with a wavelength of 405 nm).
- hydrogen abstraction type photopolymerization initiators examples include Omnirad ITX (absorption coefficient: 1.7 ⁇ 10 3 mL/g ⁇ cm, manufactured by IGM Resins).
- the photopolymerization initiator is preferably an intramolecularly cleavable photopolymerization initiator.
- the intramolecular cleavage type photopolymerization initiator has fewer cores that can absorb ultraviolet light contained in one molecule of the photopolymerization initiator residue than the hydrogen abstraction type photopolymerization initiator. Therefore, it is thought that yellowing of the cured product becomes less likely to occur.
- the intramolecularly cleavable photopolymerization initiator can further improve the curability of the cured product.
- Examples of cationic photoinitiators include photoacid generators.
- Examples of photoacid generators include the aromatic onium compounds B(C 6 F 5 ) 4 ⁇ , PF 6 ⁇ , AsF 6 ⁇ , SbF 6 ⁇ , CF, including diazonium, ammonium, iodonium, sulfonium, and phosphonium. Included are sulfonates that generate sulfonic acid, such as 3SO 3 -salts , halides that photogenerate hydrogen halide, and iron arene complexes.
- the maximum absorption wavelength in the absorption spectrum of the photopolymerization initiator is preferably from 250 nm to 420 nm, more preferably from 280 nm to 400 nm.
- the peak wavelength of the photopolymerization initiator is within the above range, the light emitted from the luminescent pigment described above can be absorbed more easily, and the curability of the ink can be further improved.
- the maximum absorption wavelength of the absorption spectrum of a photopolymerization initiator can be determined, for example, by diluting the photopolymerization initiator with methanol or acetonitrile to a concentration of 0.1% by mass or more and 0.5% by mass or less using a spectrophotometer. (V650, manufactured by JASCO Corporation).
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator is 0.5% by mass or more and 1.5% by mass or less, and 0.7% by mass or more and 1.3% by mass based on the total mass of the photopolymerizable compound. % or less is more preferable.
- the content is 0.5% by mass or more, the curability of the cured product can be improved, and when the content is 1.5% by mass or less, yellowing of the cured product can be suppressed and brightness can be increased. I can do it.
- the ink may contain a photopolymerization initiator having the above-mentioned extinction coefficient of less than 100 mL/g ⁇ cm within a range that achieves the effects of the present invention.
- photopolymerization initiators having an absorption coefficient of less than 100 mL/g cm include Irgacure 127 (absorption coefficient: 7.0 mL/g cm, manufactured by BASF), Omnirad MBF (absorption coefficient: 0.1 mL/g cm), g cm, manufactured by IGM Resins), etc.
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator having an extinction coefficient of less than 100 mL/g cm may be, for example, 0.3% by mass or more and 1.3% by mass or less based on the total mass of the photopolymerizable compound. From the viewpoint of brightness improvement and yellowing, the content is preferably less than 1.3% by mass, and preferably less than 1% by mass.
- the ink may include a polymerization inhibitor.
- the polymerization inhibitor in the ink, when the ink is used as an inkjet ink, a decrease in ejection stability can be further suppressed. This is because the polymerization inhibitor can prevent the ultraviolet rays that cure the ink from slightly reaching the small amount of ink remaining in the inkjet head nozzle and curing the ink around the nozzle.
- the amount added can be reduced while increasing the curability of the cured product. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the generation of the above-mentioned reactants, which is caused by the combined use of a polymerization inhibitor and a photopolymerization initiator, and to suppress yellowing.
- polymerization inhibitors examples include N-oxyl polymerization inhibitors, phenol polymerization inhibitors, quinone polymerization inhibitors, amine polymerization inhibitors, copper dithiocarbamate polymerization inhibitors, and the like.
- One type of polymerization inhibitor may be contained in the ink, or a combination of two or more types may be contained.
- N-oxyl polymerization inhibitors examples include 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO), 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl- Piperidine-N-oxyl, 4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl, 4-methoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl, 4- Includes acetoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl and the like.
- examples of commercially available N-oxyl polymerization inhibitors include Irgastab UV10 (manufactured by BASF (“Irgastab” is a registered trademark of BASF)).
- phenolic polymerization inhibitors examples include 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 2-tert-butyl 4,6-dimethylphenol, and 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol.
- quinone-based polymerization inhibitors examples include hydroquinone, methoxyhydroquinone, benzoquinone, 1,4-naphthoquinone, p-tert-butylcatechol, and the like.
- amine polymerization inhibitors examples include alkylated diphenylamine, N,N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, and phenothiazine.
- copper dithiocarbamate-based polymerization inhibitors examples include copper dimethyldithiocarbamate, copper diethyldithiocarbamate, copper dibutyldithiocarbamate, and the like.
- the content of the polymerization inhibitor is preferably 0.005% by mass or more and 1% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.05% by mass or more and 0.1% by mass or less.
- the ink according to the present embodiment may further contain other components such as a non-phosphorescent pigment, a pigment dispersant, a surfactant, and a polymerization inhibitor within a range that achieves the effects of the present invention.
- non-phosphorescent pigments examples include red pigments, yellow pigments, blue pigments, white pigments, etc. that can be used in image forming inks.
- Known pigments can be used as these pigments.
- pigment dispersants examples include polymeric dispersants, wetting and dispersing agents, and the like.
- the content of the pigment dispersant is preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less based on the total mass of the luminescent pigment.
- surfactants include anionic surfactants such as dialkyl sulfosuccinates, alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, and fatty acid salts, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ethers, acetylene glycols, and These include nonionic surfactants such as oxyethylene/polyoxypropylene block copolymers, cationic surfactants such as alkylamine salts and quaternary ammonium salts, and silicone-based and fluorine-based surfactants.
- anionic surfactants such as dialkyl sulfosuccinates, alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, and fatty acid salts
- polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ethers
- acetylene glycols acetylene glycols
- nonionic surfactants such as oxyethylene/polyoxypropylene block copolymers
- the content of the surfactant relative to the total mass of the ink is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention can be achieved, but it can be, for example, 0.001% by mass or more and less than 1.0% by mass.
- the ink according to the present embodiment preferably has a viscosity of 1 mPa ⁇ s or more at 10°C and a viscosity of 15 mPa ⁇ s or less at 90°C.
- the viscosity is within the above range, when the ink is used as an inkjet ink, the temperature of the head can be adjusted to keep the viscosity within an appropriate range for inkjet ejection, thereby improving ejection stability.
- the viscosity of the ink at 10°C and 90°C can be determined by measuring the change in dynamic viscoelasticity of the ink with temperature using a rheometer. Specifically, a temperature change curve of viscosity is obtained when the ink is heated to 100°C and cooled to 25°C at a shear rate of 11.7 (1/s) and a cooling rate of 0.1°C/s. . Then, it can be determined by reading the viscosity at 10°C and 90°C on the viscosity temperature change curve.
- a stress control rheometer Physica MCR series manufactured by Anton Paar can be used as the rheometer.
- the diameter of the cone plate can be 75 mm and the cone angle can be 1.0°.
- the ink according to this embodiment can be prepared by mixing the above-mentioned components.
- a pigment dispersion containing the phosphorescent pigment and the pigment dispersant may be prepared in advance, and the remaining components may be added to and mixed.
- the method for forming a cured product according to the present embodiment includes a step of applying an ultraviolet curable ink to a base material, and a step of irradiating the applied ultraviolet curable ink with ultraviolet rays.
- Step of Applying Ink In this step, the above-mentioned ultraviolet curable ink is applied to the base material.
- Examples of methods for applying ink to a substrate include methods for applying using a roll coater, spin coater, etc., methods for applying using a screen printing method, methods for applying using an inkjet method, and the like.
- the inkjet method is preferable from the viewpoint of forming the cured product more precisely at a desired position on the base material.
- the ink When applying ink to a substrate using an inkjet method, the ink is applied to the substrate by ejecting the ink from a nozzle of an inkjet head.
- the ejection method from the inkjet head may be either an on-demand method or a continuous method.
- On-demand inkjet heads include electro-mechanical conversion methods such as single cavity, double cavity, bender, piston, shear mode and shared wall, as well as thermal inkjet and bubble jet ("bubble jet").
- bubble jet thermal inkjet and bubble jet
- '' is a registered trademark of Canon Inc.) type or other electric-to-thermal conversion method.
- the type of base material is not particularly limited, but includes, for example, plastic plates made of acrylic, ABS resin, polycarbonate, PMMA, etc., films made of nylon, polypropylene, polystyrene, etc., copper, stainless steel, iron, aluminum, etc. Examples include metal plates made of , cloths made of nylon, polyester, etc., glass plates, and ceramic tiles made of alumina titania.
- Step of irradiating ultraviolet rays the ink applied on the base material is irradiated with ultraviolet rays to cure the ink.
- the wavelength of the ultraviolet rays to be irradiated may be appropriately set according to the maximum absorption wavelength of the photopolymerization initiator.
- the ultraviolet rays are preferably irradiated from an LED light source.
- LEDs emit less radiant heat, so by using LEDs, ink is less likely to melt during ultraviolet irradiation and uneven gloss is less likely to occur.
- the wavelength of the ultraviolet rays to be irradiated is preferably 300 nm or more.
- the wavelength of the ultraviolet rays is 300 nm or more, curing of the ink is promoted and damage to the base material is also small.
- the wavelength of the irradiated ultraviolet rays is preferably 380 nm or more.
- the phosphorescent pigment can sufficiently emit light and improve the curability of the ink.
- Step of discharging ink from the inkjet head The method for forming a cured product according to the present embodiment is characterized in that when the step of applying the ink to the base material is performed using an inkjet head, the ultraviolet curing type that is not ejected from the nozzle of the inkjet head is The method may further include a step of discharging the ink from the inkjet head.
- this step is a step of irradiating the ultraviolet rays in the cured product forming apparatus shown in FIG.
- the ink is discharged to the ink storage tank 110 through the ink discharge channel 170.
- Step of resupplying ink to inkjet head The cured product forming method according to the present embodiment further includes a step of resupplying the ink discharged from the inkjet head to the inkjet head in the step of discharging the ink. Good too.
- the inkjet head 150 is resupplied via path 120.
- the phosphorescent pigment in the ink settles or aggregates, which reduces the viscosity of the ink near the nozzle. It is possible to suppress the increase and easily improve discharge stability.
- the step of discharging the ink and the step of re-supplying the ink may be performed after the step of applying the ink, and the step of irradiating the ultraviolet rays, the step of further applying the ink (described later), and the step of applying the ink on the ink.
- the step of irradiating the ink applied with ultraviolet rays (described later) may be performed in parallel.
- Step of Further Applying Ink The cured product forming method according to the present embodiment may include a step of further applying ink onto the ink irradiated with the ultraviolet rays.
- the method for further applying ink may be the same as the method for applying ink to the substrate used in the step of applying ink, or may be a different method.
- Step of irradiating the ink applied on the ink with ultraviolet rays may include the step of irradiating the further applied ink with ultraviolet rays.
- the further applied ink is irradiated with ultraviolet rays to cure the ink.
- the wavelength can be the same as in the step of irradiating ultraviolet light.
- the thickness of the cured product to be formed is reduced by repeatedly performing the step of further applying the ink and the step of irradiating the ink applied on the ink with ultraviolet rays. Can be made larger.
- the thickness of the cured product increases, more luminescent pigment can be included in the cured product. Since the surface area of the cured product can be increased, the area of the light emitting surface of the cured product can be increased. For these reasons, the brightness of the entire cured product can be increased more fully.
- the method for further applying the ink may be the same method as the method for applying the ink to the substrate used in the step of applying the ink to the substrate, or it may be a different method.
- the cured product according to this embodiment is obtained by curing the above-mentioned ultraviolet curable ink.
- the above-mentioned cured product can be formed by the above-mentioned cured product forming method.
- the thickness of the cured product is preferably 0.3 mm or more.
- the thickness of the cured product formed from the ink containing the luminescent pigment is greater than the thickness of the cured product formed from the image forming ink, from the viewpoint of incorporating the luminescent pigment into the cured product and further increasing the brightness.
- the thickness of the cured product is large, the yellowed portion inside the cured product is difficult to oxidize and decompose and is difficult to disappear. Therefore, the problem of yellowing of the cured product is particularly likely to occur when the thickness of the cured product formed using the ink containing the luminescent pigment is large.
- the above-mentioned ultraviolet curable ink according to the present embodiment can suppress yellowing of the cured product, thereby increasing the thickness of the cured product and increasing the brightness of the cured product. , yellowing can be suppressed.
- the thickness of the cured product is preferably 0.3 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less, more preferably 0.5 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.7 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less. .
- the thickness is 2.0 mm or less, yellowing of the cured product can be further suppressed. This is thought to be because the yellowing that occurs within the cured product is more likely to disappear through oxidative decomposition.
- the thickness is 2.0 mm or less from the viewpoint of cost reduction and workability of the cured product.
- the thickness is 0.3 mm or more, it becomes less susceptible to oxygen inhibition, and the curability of the cured product can be further improved.
- the cured product forming apparatus in this embodiment is a cured product forming apparatus that uses the above-mentioned ultraviolet curable ink.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a cured product forming apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment.
- the cured product forming apparatus 100 includes an ink storage tank 110, an ink supply channel 120, a liquid feeding pump 130, an inlet tank 140, an ink applying section 150, an ink discharge channel 170, and an outlet tank 170. , a transport device 180, and an ultraviolet irradiation section 190.
- the ink application unit 150 is an inkjet head that ejects ink, but is not limited to this.
- the ink applying section 150 will be referred to as an inkjet head 150 hereinafter.
- the ink contained in the ink storage tank 110 is supplied to the inlet side tank 140 via the ink supply channel 120 by the liquid feeding pump 130.
- ink is supplied from the inlet side tank 140 to the inkjet head 150.
- the ink that has not been ejected from the nozzles of the inkjet head 150 is discharged into the outlet side tank 160 and then discharged into the ink discharge channel 170 by the liquid feeding pump 130, and the discharged ink is transferred to the ink storage tank 110.
- the ink that has not been ejected from the inkjet head 150 can be circulated from the ink discharge channel 170 toward the ink supply channel 120 and resupplied to the inkjet head 150 to circulate the ink.
- the phosphorescent pigment in the ink can suppress an increase in ink viscosity near the nozzle due to sedimentation or aggregation, and can easily improve ejection stability. can do.
- the cured product forming apparatus 100 does not need to have a configuration that circulates ink within the apparatus, as shown in FIG. Specifically, without providing the ink discharge channel 170, the ink stored in the ink storage tank 110 is supplied to the inkjet head 150 via the ink supply channel 120 by the liquid feeding pump 130, and the inkjet head
- the configuration can be such that ink supplied from 150 nozzles is ejected.
- the ink storage tank 110 is a tank for storing ink to be supplied to the inkjet head 150 and ink discharged without being ejected from the inkjet head 150.
- the ink supply channel 120 is a channel that supplies ink from the ink storage tank 110 to the ink supply port of the inkjet head 150.
- the liquid feeding pump 130 is arranged in an ink supply channel 120 and an ink discharge channel 170, respectively. As described above, the liquid pump 130 sends the ink in the first tank 110 to the inlet tank 140 and sends the ink discharged from the inkjet head 150 to the outlet tank 160. In this embodiment, the liquid pump 130 can receive signals from an inlet tank 140 and an outlet tank 160, which will be described later.
- the inlet side tank 140 is a tank equipped with an internal pressure adjustment mechanism and an ink amount detection mechanism.
- the pressure adjustment mechanism allows the internal pressure of the inlet side tank to be increased, and the ink inside can be supplied to the inkjet head 150.
- the detection mechanism allows a signal to be sent to the liquid feeding pump 130 to supply ink from the ink storage tank 110 when the amount of internal ink decreases.
- the outlet side tank 160 is a tank equipped with an internal pressure adjustment mechanism and an ink amount detection mechanism. Since the pressure adjustment mechanism described above can lower the internal pressure of the outlet side tank, the ink in the inkjet head 150 can be discharged to the outlet side tank 160 due to the difference between the pressure inside the inkjet head 150 and the pressure inside the inkjet head 150 . Furthermore, the detection mechanism allows a signal to be sent to the liquid feed pump 130 to discharge the ink to the ink storage tank 110 when the amount of ink inside increases.
- the ink flow within the inkjet head 150 can be appropriately adjusted by the inlet side tank 140 and the outlet side tank 160, and the entrainment of air bubbles in the nozzle can be further suppressed.
- the pressure setting values of the inlet side tank 140 and the outlet side tank 160 differ depending on the size and type of the inkjet head 150.
- the internal pressure of the inlet tank 140 can be 5 kPa
- the internal pressure of the outlet tank 160 can be -20 kPa.
- the inkjet head 150 has a plurality of nozzles for ejecting ink droplets onto a recording medium M such as paper that is a printing medium.
- the ink discharge channel 170 is a channel for discharging ink that has not been ejected from the inkjet head 150 from the ink discharge port of the inkjet head 150.
- the transport device 180 is a device for transporting the base material M.
- the conveyance device 180 includes, for example, a belt conveyor 180a and a rotatable feed roller 180b.
- the ultraviolet irradiation unit 190 is disposed downstream of the inkjet head 150 in the transport direction of the substrate M, and irradiates ultraviolet rays toward the surface of the substrate M to which the ultraviolet curable ink is applied. Thereby, the ultraviolet irradiation section 190 cures the ultraviolet curable ink.
- the ultraviolet irradiation unit 190 emits ultraviolet rays having a wavelength between the peak wavelength of the absorption spectrum of the luminescent pigment contained in the ultraviolet curable ink and the peak wavelength of the absorption spectrum of the photopolymerization initiator contained in the ultraviolet curable ink.
- it is an LED light source.
- the feed roller 180b of the conveying device 180 is rotated in the opposite direction to the conveying direction of the base material M to bring the base material M to a predetermined position. return. Thereafter, the feed roller 180b is rotated again in the transport direction to transport the base material M, and ink is applied from the inkjet head 150 onto the cured ink.
- inks 1 to 19 Preparation of pigment dispersion
- 99.9 parts by mass of a photopolymerizable compound dipropylene glycol diacrylate, molecular weight: 242
- a polymerization inhibitor Irgastab UV-10, manufactured by BASF
- the prepared pigment dispersion was diluted with dipropylene glycol diacrylate, and the particle size d50 of the pigment was measured using a particle size distribution analyzer (LUMiSizer, manufactured by LUM Japan Co., Ltd.).
- the measured particle size d50 of the pigment was 3.4 ⁇ m.
- the ratio of the emission intensity at a wavelength of 405 nm to the emission intensity at the maximum absorption wavelength of the luminescent pigment used is 0.2%
- the maximum absorption wavelength of the absorption spectrum is 325 nm
- the peak wavelength of the emission spectrum is 520 nm.
- the emission intensity at a wavelength of 405 nm and the peak wavelength of the emission spectrum of the luminescent pigment were measured using a spectrofluorometer (F-7000, manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Science Co., Ltd., excitation light wavelength: 360 nm).
- the peak wavelength of the absorption spectrum of the luminescent pigment was measured using a spectrofluorometer (F-7000, manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Science Co., Ltd.).
- Inks 2 to 16 were obtained in the same manner as Ink 1, except that the composition of the solution added to 100 parts by mass of the pigment dispersion and the presence or absence of addition of a polymerization inhibitor were changed as shown in Table 1. Ta.
- the photopolymerization initiators A to H in Tables 1 and 2 were as shown below.
- the "absorption coefficient (405)” shown below refers to the extinction coefficient of the photopolymerization initiator for light with a wavelength of 405 nm
- the "absorption coefficient (365)” refers to the absorption coefficient of the photopolymerization initiator at a wavelength of 365 nm. refers to the extinction coefficient of light.
- absorption wavelength refers to the maximum absorption wavelength in the absorption spectrum of the photopolymerization initiator.
- Photoinitiator A Irgacure 819 (manufactured by BASF, intramolecular cleavage type, extinction coefficient (405): 9.0 ⁇ 10 2 mL/g cm, extinction coefficient (365): 2.3 ⁇ 10 3 mL/ g cm, absorption wavelength: 300 nm)
- Photoinitiator B Omnirad ITX (manufactured by IGM Resins, hydrogen abstraction type, extinction coefficient (405): 1.7 ⁇ 10 3 mL/g cm, absorption wavelength: 320 nm)
- Photoinitiator C Omnirad TPO (manufactured by IGM Resins, intramolecular cleavage type, extinction coefficient (405): 1.6 ⁇ 10 2 mL/g cm, extinction coefficient (365): 4.7 ⁇ 10 3 mL /g ⁇ cm, absorption wavelength: 300nm)
- Photoinitiator D Irgacure 784 (manufactured by BASF
- the extinction coefficient (405) and extinction coefficient (365) of the photopolymerization initiator used in each ink were calculated using the diluted solution obtained by diluting the photopolymerization initiator with methanol to a concentration of 0.1% by mass. was determined using a spectrophotometer (V650, manufactured by JASCO Corporation).
- a circulating inkjet head (KM1024aLHG-RC, manufactured by Konica Minolta, Inc.) was filled with the prepared ink 1, and the resolution was 720 dpi, the droplet ejection amount was 140 pL (20 pL x 7 ejections), and the conveyance speed was 176 mm/s.
- Ink 1 was applied on a white acrylic plate under the following conditions.
- the applied ink is exposed to ultraviolet light using a UV light source (H-LSC03, manufactured by HOYA Corporation, wavelength 405 nm) and passed through a lamp at a transport speed of 176 mm/s, the illuminance becomes 1 W/cm 2
- the ink was cured for 0.14 seconds by adjusting the illuminance using a luminometer and irradiating it.
- the intensity of the ultraviolet rays was measured using a luminometer (C9536-02, manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics Co., Ltd.).
- Ink 1 On top of the cured ink, Ink 1 was further applied under the same conditions, and the applied Ink 1 was irradiated with ultraviolet rays under the same conditions to cure the ink. This operation was repeated to form a cured product 1 with a thickness of 0.3 mm.
- Cured products 2 to 27 were obtained in the same manner as cured product 1, except that the type of ink used, the wavelength of ultraviolet rays, and the thickness of the cured product were changed as shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- the thickness of the cured product was adjusted by changing the number of times the ink application and ink curing operations were repeated. Further, the wavelengths of the ultraviolet rays shown in Tables 1 and 2 were adjusted by changing the type of UV light source to one shown below.
- Wavelength 365nm UV light source (FireJetFJ100 225*20AC 365-6W, manufactured by PHOSEON)
- Wavelength 395nm UV light source (FireJetFJ100 225*20AC 395-12W, manufactured by PHOSEON)
- a luminescent pigment having an emission spectrum with a wavelength of 405 nm and a photopolymerization initiator with an absorption coefficient of 100 mL/g cm or more for light with a wavelength of 405 nm were used, so yellowing of the cured products and decrease in brightness were used. It was possible to suppress the decrease in curability while reducing the inhibition. This is because the photopolymerization initiator absorbs the ultraviolet rays irradiated onto the ink and cures the ink, while the luminescent pigment absorbs the ultraviolet rays and emits light, which is then absorbed by the remaining photopolymerization initiator.
- the ink could be further cured, so it is considered that the decrease in curability could be suppressed even if the amount of photopolymerization initiator added was small. It is thought that yellowing and reduction in brightness could be suppressed by reducing the amount of photopolymerization initiator added.
- Cured product 2 which had a larger thickness than cured product 1, had good evaluations of brightness and curability of the cured product. This is thought to be because the larger thickness allowed the cured product to contain more phosphorescent pigment, resulting in higher brightness. It is also believed that the increased thickness made it less susceptible to oxygen inhibition, resulting in higher curability.
- cured product 2 had better curability than cured product 11, and better evaluation of yellowing and brightness than cured product 12.
- the amount of the photopolymerization initiator is 0.7% by mass or more, the polymerization reaction can be sufficiently initiated and the curability can be further improved, and when the amount is 1.3% by mass or less, it is possible to further improve the curability. It is thought that yellowing could be further suppressed and the decrease in brightness could also be further suppressed.
- cured products 18 to 23 in which the content of the photopolymerization initiator based on the mass of the photopolymerizable compound was more than 1.5% by mass, had low evaluations for yellowing and brightness. Furthermore, in cured products 7 to 9, 24, and 25 in which the photoinitiator had an absorption coefficient of less than 100 mL/g ⁇ cm, the brightness increased, but the curability decreased. This is thought to be because the residue of the photopolymerization initiator whose extinction coefficient is less than 100 mL/g cm easily absorbs wavelengths shorter than the wavelength of ultraviolet light, making yellow, which is a complementary color, difficult to see.
- the present invention can suppress a decrease in curability while suppressing yellowing and a decrease in brightness of a cured product formed by an ink containing a luminescent pigment. Therefore, the present invention is useful for creating outdoor signboards, for example.
- Cured product forming device 110 Ink storage tank 120 Ink supply channel 130 Liquid feeding pump 140 Inkjet head 150 Ink discharge channel 160 Conveyance device 170 Ultraviolet irradiation section
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Abstract
Description
[1]光重合性化合物と、波長405nmの光を発する蓄光顔料と、波長405nmの光の吸光係数が100mL/g・cm以上である光重合開始剤と、を含み、前記光重合開始剤の含有量は、前記光重合性化合物の全質量に対して、0.1質量%以上1.5質量%以下である、紫外線硬化型インク。
[2]インクジェットインクである、[1]に記載の紫外線硬化型インク。
[3]重合禁止剤をさらに含む、[1]または[2]に記載の紫外線硬化型インク。
[4]前記蓄光顔料は、体積基準の粒度分布における累積値が50%となる粒径(d50)が1μm以上10μm以下である、[1]~[3]のいずれか一項に記載の紫外線硬化型インク。
[5]前記蓄光顔料の含有量は、前記紫外線硬化型インクの全質量に対して、50質量%未満である、[1]~[4]のいずれか一項に記載の紫外線硬化型インク。
[6]前記蓄光顔料は、アルミン酸ストロンチウムが賦活剤で賦活されてなる蓄光顔料である、[1]~[5]のいずれか一項に記載の紫外線硬化型インク。
[7]前記光重合開始剤は、分子内開裂型の光重合開始剤である、[1]~[6]のいずれか一項に記載の紫外線硬化型インク。
[8]前記光重合開始剤の前記吸光係数は、500mL/g・cm以上である、[1]~[7]のいずれか一項に記載の紫外線硬化型インク。
[9][1]~[8]のいずれか一項に記載の紫外線硬化型インクを基材に付与する工程と、前記付与された前記紫外線硬化型インクに紫外線を照射する工程と、を有する、硬化物形成方法。
[10]前記紫外線を照射されたインク上に、さらに前記紫外線硬化型インクを付与する工程と、前記インク上に付与された前記紫外線硬化型インクに紫外線を照射する工程と、をさらに有する、[9]に記載の硬化物形成方法。
[11]前記紫外線硬化型インクを基材に付与する工程は、インクジェットヘッドのノズルから前記紫外線硬化型インクを吐出して、前記紫外線硬化型インクを基材に付与し、前記硬化物形成方法は、前記インクジェットヘッドのノズルから吐出されなかった前記紫外線硬化型インクを、前記インクジェットヘッドから排出する工程と、前記排出された前記紫外線硬化型インクを前記インクジェットヘッドに再供給する工程と、をさらに有する、[9]または[10]に記載の硬化物形成方法。
[12][1]~[8]のいずれかに記載の紫外線硬化型インクを硬化させてなる、硬化物。
[13]前記硬化物の厚さは、0.3mm以上である、[12]に記載の硬化物。
[14][1]~[8]のいずれかに記載の紫外線硬化型インクを基材に付与するインク付与部と、前記紫外線硬化型インクに紫外線を照射するLED光源と、を有する、硬化物形成装置。
[15]前記紫外線硬化型インクを吐出するインクジェットヘッドを有し、前記インクジェットヘッドから吐出されなかった前記紫外線硬化型インクを前記インクジェットヘッドから排出し、前記排出された前記紫外線硬化型インクを前記インクジェットヘッドに再供給する、[14]に記載の硬化物形成装置。
本実施形態に係る、紫外線硬化型インク(以下、単に「インク」とも称する)は、紫外線重合性化合物と、蓄光顔料と、光重合開始剤と、を含む。上記インクは、インクジェットインクであることが好ましい。
本実施形態に係るインクに含まれる光重合性化合物は、紫外線の照射により重合および架橋する化合物である。
本実施形態において、インクは、蓄光顔料を含む。
本実施形態において、インクは、波長405nmの光の吸光係数が100mL/g・cm以上である光重合開始剤を含む。
本実施形態において、インクは、重合禁止剤を含んでもよい。
本実施形態に係るインクは、本発明の効果を奏する範囲において、非蓄光性の顔料、顔料分散剤、界面活性剤、および重合禁止剤などのその他の成分をさらに含有してもよい。
本実施形態に係るインクは、10℃における粘度が1mPa・s以上、90℃における粘度が15mPa・s以下であることが好ましい。上記粘度が上記範囲にあることで、インクをインクジェットインクとして用いるとき、ヘッドの温度を調整してインクジェット吐出に適正な粘度範囲に収めることができるため、吐出安定性を向上させることができる。
本実施形態に係るインクは、上述した各成分を混合して、調製することができる。インクが顔料分散剤を含むとき、蓄光顔料と顔料分散剤と、を含む顔料分散液をあらかじめ調製しておき、これに残りの成分を添加して混合してもよい。このとき、顔料分散剤などの溶解性を高めるため、顔料および分散剤などを加熱しながら混合して顔料分散液を調製することが好ましい。
本実施形態に係る硬化物形成方法は、紫外線硬化型インクを基材に付与する工程と、上記付与された上記紫外線硬化型インクに紫外線を照射する工程と、を有する。
本工程では、上述の紫外線硬化型インクを、基材に付与する。
本工程では、上記基材上に付与されたインクに、紫外線を照射して上記インクを硬化させる。照射する紫外線の波長は、光重合開始剤の最大吸収波長に合わせて適宜設定してもよい。
本実施形態に係る硬化物形成方法は、上記インクを基材に付与する工程を、インクジェットヘッドを用いて行うとき、インクジェットヘッドのノズルから吐出されなかった紫外線硬化型インクを、インクジェットヘッドから排出する工程をさらに有していてもよい。
本実施形態に係る硬化物形成方法は、上記インクを排出する工程で、インクジェットヘッドから排出されたインクを、インクジェットヘッドに再供給する工程をさらに有していてもよい。
本実施形態に係る硬化物形成方法は、上記紫外線が照射されたインク上に、さらにインクを付与する工程を有してもよい。
本実施形態に係る硬化物形成方法は、上記さらに付与されたインクに、紫外線を照射する工程を有してもよい。
本実施形態に係る硬化物は、上述した紫外線硬化型インクを硬化させてなる。
本実施形態における硬化物形成装置は、上述した紫外線硬化型インクを使用する硬化物形成装置である。図1は、本実施形態に係る硬化物形成装置100の構成を示した模式図である。
(顔料分散体の調製)
99.9質量部の光重合性化合物(ジプロピレングリコールジアクリレート、分子量:242)と、0.01質量部の重合禁止剤(Irgastab UV-10、BASF社製)と、を混合し、70℃で加熱しながら1時間撹拌することで、インク溶媒を調製した。
調製した顔料分散体100質量部に、1質量部の光重合開始剤A(Irgacure 819、BASF社製)を19質量部のインク溶媒に溶解させた溶液を加えて撹拌した後、40μmのポリプロピレンプリーツフィルターで5回繰り返し濾過を行い、インク1を得た。このとき、インク1中の蓄光顔料濃度は25質量%であり、インク1に含まれる光重合性化合物の質量に対する、光重合開始剤の含有量は、1.1質量%であった。
蓄光顔料を、白色顔料(CR-52、石原産業株式会社製)に変更し、顔料分散体100質量部に加える溶液の組成を表1に示したように変更した以外は、インク1と同様にしてインク17、18を得た。
光重合開始剤A:Irgacure 819(BASF社製、分子内開裂型、吸光係数(405):9.0×102mL/g・cm、吸光係数(365):2.3×103mL/g・cm、吸収波長:300nm)
光重合開始剤B:Omnirad ITX(IGM Resins社製、水素引き抜き型、吸光係数(405):1.7×103mL/g・cm、吸収波長:320nm)
光重合開始剤C:Omnirad TPO(IGM Resins社製、分子内開裂型、吸光係数(405):1.6×102mL/g・cm、吸光係数(365):4.7×103mL/g・cm、吸収波長:300nm)
光重合開始剤D:Irgacure 784(BASF社製、分子内開裂型、吸光係数(405):1.2×103mL/g・cm、吸収波長:400nm)
光重合開始剤E:Irgacure 379(BASF社製、分子内開裂型、吸光係数(405):2.8×102mL/g・cm、吸収波長:325nm)
光重合開始剤F:Irgacure 369(BASF社製、分子内開裂型、吸光係数(405):2.8×102mL/g・cm、吸収波長:325nm)
光重合開始剤G:Irgacure 127(BASF社製、分子内開裂型、吸光係数(405):7.0mL/g・cm、吸光係数(365):1.1×103mL/g・cm、吸収波長:260nm)
光重合開始剤H:Omnirad MBF(IGM Resins社製、水素引き抜き型、吸光係数(405):0.1mL/g・cm未満、吸収波長:260nm)
光重合開始剤I:Irgacure 907(BASF社製、分子内開裂型、吸光係数(405):0.1mL/g・cm未満、吸光係数(365):4.7×102mL/g・cm、吸収波長300nm)
循環型インクジェットヘッド(KM1024aLHG-RC、コニカミノルタ株式会社製)に、調製したインク1を充填し、解像度720dpi、液滴吐出量140pL(20pL×7発吐出)、搬送速度176mm/sの条件で、白色アクリル板上に、インク1を付与した。そして、付与したインクに、UV光源(H-LSC03、HOYA株式会社製、波長405nm)を用いて紫外線を、搬送速度176mm/sでランプ化を通過させた際に照度が1W/cm2となるように照度計にて調整し照射して、0.14秒間インクを硬化させた。上記紫外線の強度は、照度計(C9536-02、浜松ホトニクス株式会社製)を使用して測定した。
波長365nm:UV光源(FireJetFJ100 225*20AC 365―6W、PHOSEON社製)
波長395nm:UV光源(FireJetFJ100 225*20AC 395―12W、PHOSEON社製)
(輝度)
硬化物1~27に対して、白色光の蛍光灯を200lx、20分の条件で照射し、照射後10分経過時の輝度を、輝度計(LS-110、コニカミノルタジャパン株式会社製)を用いて測定した。測定された輝度値に基づき、以下の基準に沿って、輝度評価を行った。なお、後述の硬化性評価が××のものについては、さらにUVを照射し、輝度を測定できる程度になるまで硬化させた。
◎:0.20cd/m2以上
〇:0.15cd/m2以上0.20cd/m2未満
△:0.10cd/m2以上0.15cd/m2未満
×:0.10cd/m2以下
硬化物1~27の外観を目視で観察し、以下の基準に沿って評価した。
◎:黄変は確認されなかった
〇:わずかに黄変が生じている箇所が確認された
△:全体として薄い黄色に着色していることが確認された
×:全体として濃い黄色に着色していることが確認された
××:全体としてさらに濃い黄色に着色していることが確認された
硬化物1~27について、形成後3分間静置した後、硬化物に対して触診し、以下の基準に沿って硬化性を評価した。
◎:インクが十分に硬化し、タック(粘り)が確認されない
○:硬化物にわずかなタック(粘り)があり、硬化が十分でない箇所わずかにある
△:硬化物にタック(粘り)があり、硬化が十分でない箇所が多数ある
×:硬化物を指でこすると、アクリル板から剥離する
××:インクが全体として硬化されていない
110 インク貯留タンク
120 インク供給流路
130 送液ポンプ
140 インクジェットヘッド
150 インク排出流路
160 搬送装置
170 紫外線照射部
Claims (15)
- 光重合性化合物と、
波長405nmの光を発する蓄光顔料と、
波長405nmの光の吸光係数が100mL/g・cm以上である光重合開始剤と、を含み、
前記光重合開始剤の含有量は、前記光重合性化合物の全質量に対して、0.1質量%以上1.5質量%以下である、
紫外線硬化型インク。 - インクジェットインクである、請求項1に記載の紫外線硬化型インク。
- 重合禁止剤をさらに含む、請求項1または2に記載の紫外線硬化型インク。
- 前記蓄光顔料は、体積基準の粒度分布における累積値が50%となる粒径(d50)が1μm以上10μm以下である、請求項1または2に記載の紫外線硬化型インク。
- 前記蓄光顔料の含有量は、前記紫外線硬化型インクの全質量に対して、50質量%未満である、請求項1または2に記載の紫外線硬化型インク。
- 前記蓄光顔料は、アルミン酸ストロンチウムが賦活剤で賦活されてなる蓄光顔料である、請求項1または2に記載の紫外線硬化型インク。
- 前記光重合開始剤は、分子内開裂型の光重合開始剤である、請求項1または2に記載の紫外線硬化型インク。
- 前記光重合開始剤の前記吸光係数は、500mL/g・cm以上である、請求項1または2に記載の紫外線硬化型インク。
- 請求項1または2に記載の紫外線硬化型インクを基材に付与する工程と、
前記付与された前記紫外線硬化型インクに紫外線を照射する工程と、
を有する、
硬化物形成方法。 - 前記紫外線を照射されたインク上に、さらに前記紫外線硬化型インクを付与する工程と、
前記インク上に付与された前記紫外線硬化型インクに紫外線を照射する工程と、
をさらに有する、
請求項9に記載の硬化物形成方法。 - 前記紫外線硬化型インクを基材に付与する工程は、インクジェットヘッドのノズルから前記紫外線硬化型インクを吐出して、前記紫外線硬化型インクを基材に付与し、
前記硬化物形成方法は、
前記インクジェットヘッドのノズルから吐出されなかった前記紫外線硬化型インクを、前記インクジェットヘッドから排出する工程と、
前記排出された前記紫外線硬化型インクを前記インクジェットヘッドに再供給する工程と、
をさらに有する、
請求項9に記載の硬化物形成方法。 - 請求項1または2に記載の紫外線硬化型インクを硬化させてなる、硬化物。
- 前記硬化物の厚さは、0.3mm以上である、請求項12に記載の硬化物。
- 請求項1または2に記載の紫外線硬化型インクを基材に付与するインク付与部と、
前記紫外線硬化型インクに紫外線を照射するLED光源と、を有する、
硬化物形成装置。 - 前記インク付与部は、前記紫外線硬化型インクを吐出するインクジェットヘッドであり、
前記インクジェットヘッドから吐出されなかった前記紫外線硬化型インクを前記インクジェットヘッドから排出し、前記排出された前記紫外線硬化型インクを前記インクジェットヘッドに再供給する、請求項14に記載の硬化物形成装置。
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