WO2023234518A1 - 리튬 이차전지용 분리막 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 - Google Patents
리튬 이차전지용 분리막 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023234518A1 WO2023234518A1 PCT/KR2023/002256 KR2023002256W WO2023234518A1 WO 2023234518 A1 WO2023234518 A1 WO 2023234518A1 KR 2023002256 W KR2023002256 W KR 2023002256W WO 2023234518 A1 WO2023234518 A1 WO 2023234518A1
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- coating layer
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- secondary battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/457—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/417—Polyolefins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/42—Acrylic resins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/426—Fluorocarbon polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/431—Inorganic material
- H01M50/434—Ceramics
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/443—Particulate material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/446—Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/451—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising layers of only organic material and layers containing inorganic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
- H01M50/461—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes with adhesive layers between electrodes and separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a separator for lithium secondary batteries and a lithium secondary battery containing the same.
- lithium secondary batteries which are used as a power source for electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles, have high output characteristics that can produce large output in a short period of time. This is required.
- a lithium secondary battery consists of an anode, a cathode, an electrolyte, and a separator.
- the separator has insulation and high porosity to electrically insulate the anode and cathode, and has high ionic conductivity to increase the permeability of lithium ions. is required.
- a porous substrate with multiple pores and based on a polymer such as polyolefin is used as a separator for lithium secondary batteries.
- a separator In order to reinforce the heat resistance properties of such porous polymer substrates, a separator was developed in which a porous coating layer containing binder polymer and inorganic particles was formed on the surface of the polymer substrate.
- the separation membrane with the above-mentioned porous coating layer is manufactured by dispersing inorganic particles in a polymer solution in which a binder polymer is dissolved in a solvent to prepare a slurry, and then coating and drying the prepared one-component slurry on the surface of the porous polymer substrate.
- the heat resistance of the separator with the porous coating layer manufactured in this way still needs to be improved.
- ZZS zig-zag stacking
- a porous polymer substrate of normal thickness is unlikely to have insulation problems due to its sufficient thickness even if local pressure is increased by the inorganic particles of the porous coating layer.
- the thickness of the porous polymer substrate is reduced to 12 ⁇ m or less, there is a risk that the protrusions formed by local agglomeration of the inorganic particles in the porous coating layer may apply pressure to the porous polymer substrate of the separator, causing damage and resulting in a decrease in insulation properties.
- the present invention seeks to provide a separator for a lithium secondary battery with excellent heat resistance, adhesion, and insulation.
- the present invention seeks to provide a separator for a lithium secondary battery having excellent heat resistance and adhesion to an electrode, as well as excellent insulation due to the thinning of the separator, including a porous polymer substrate.
- the present invention seeks to provide a lithium secondary battery including a separator having the above-described characteristics.
- One aspect of the present invention provides a separator for a lithium secondary battery according to the following embodiments.
- Porous polymer substrate A first coating layer formed on one surface of the porous polymer substrate; a second coating layer formed on the other surface of the porous polymer substrate; a first water-based binder layer formed on the surface of the first coating layer; and a second water-based binder layer formed on the surface of the second coating layer, wherein the first coating layer and the second coating layer each independently include inorganic particles and a coating layer binder, and the inorganic particles are aluminum nitride (AlN ), wherein the first aqueous binder layer includes a first particulate binder, the second aqueous binder layer includes a second particulate binder, and the first particulate binder and the second particulate binder are different from each other, and the first particulate binder and the second particulate binder each independently include a fluorine-based binder, an acrylic binder, or both.
- a separator for a lithium secondary battery is provided.
- the first particulate binder and the second particulate binder may each independently have an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 0.05 to 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the fluorine-based binder is polyvinylidene fluoride (poly(vinylidenefluoride), PVDF); Vinylidene fluoride monomer and trifluoroethylene (TrFE), tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), hexafluoropropylene (HFP), trichloroethylene (TrCE), trichloroethylene With one or two or more types selected from trichlorofluoroethylene (TCFE), chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and polyvinylacetate (PVAc) copolymer; Or it may include a mixture of two or more of these.
- the acrylic binder includes poly(methylmethacrylate), poly(ethylhexyl acrylate), poly(butylacrylate), and poly(acrylonitrile). ), copolymer of ethylhexyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate, copolymer of butylacrylate and methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate-acrylic acid-N,N-dimethylacrylamide copolymer , Ethyl acrylate-acrylic acid-2-(dimethylamino)ethyl acrylate copolymer, Ethyl acrylate-acrylic acid-N,N-diethylacrylamide copolymer, Ethyl acrylate-acrylic acid-2-(diethylamino)ethyl It may include an acrylate copolymer or a mixture of two or more thereof.
- the coating layer binder includes an aqueous particle-type binder, and the coating layer binder may be the same as or different from the binder included in the first aqueous binder layer and the second aqueous binder layer.
- the dry adhesive strength of the separator for a lithium secondary battery with an electrode may be 70 gf/25 mm or more.
- the wet adhesion between the separator for a lithium secondary battery and the electrode may be 10 gf/25 mm or more.
- Adhesion between the porous polymer substrate and one or both of the first coating layer and the second coating layer may be 60 gf/15 mm or more.
- the thickness of the first coating layer and the second coating layer may each independently be 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the first aqueous binder layer and the second aqueous binder layer may each independently be 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the porous polymer substrate may be 15 ⁇ m or less.
- Another aspect of the present invention provides a lithium secondary battery according to the following embodiments.
- the separator for a lithium secondary battery is any one of the first to eleventh embodiments.
- a lithium secondary battery, which is a separator for a lithium secondary battery, may be provided.
- a separator with improved heat resistance can be provided by coating inorganic particles on a porous polymer substrate.
- a separator with improved adhesion between the separator and the electrode can be provided through an aqueous binder layer containing a particulate binder on the coating layer of the separator containing inorganic particles.
- the adhesion between the electrode and the separator can be improved.
- the bonding process between the separator and the electrode can be performed under relaxed heat and pressure conditions, thereby preventing damage to the separator during the bonding process with the electrode. It may exhibit mitigating characteristics.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a separation membrane according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a separation membrane according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the words “comprise” and/or “comprising” refer to the presence of stated features, numbers, steps, operations, members, elements and/or groups thereof. It is specific and does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other shapes, numbers, operations, members, elements and/or groups.
- the range of values expressed using the term 'to' in this specification refers to a range of values that includes the values described before and after the term as the lower limit and upper limit, respectively.
- the numerical range disclosed herein includes any one value among the plurality of lower limit values and any one value among the plurality of upper limit values. It can be understood as a range of arbitrary values with a lower limit and an upper limit, respectively.
- the characteristic of "having pores” means that an object includes a plurality of pores and that gaseous and/or liquid fluid can pass from one side to the other side of the object due to a structure in which the pores are connected to each other. do.
- the separator is a porous ion-conducting barrier that has porous characteristics including a large number of pores and allows ions to pass while blocking electrical contact between the cathode and anode in an electrochemical device such as a lithium secondary battery. ) plays the role of.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a separator for a lithium secondary battery according to one aspect of the present invention.
- a separator 100 for a lithium secondary battery includes a porous polymer substrate (1); A first coating layer 11 formed on one surface of the porous polymer substrate; a second coating layer 12 formed on the other surface of the porous polymer substrate; a first water-based binder layer 111 formed on the surface of the first coating layer; and a second water-based binder layer 122 formed on the surface of the second coating layer, wherein the first coating layer and the second coating layer each include inorganic particles and a coating layer binder, and the inorganic particles include aluminum nitride ( AlN), wherein the first aqueous binder layer includes a first particulate binder 110, the second aqueous binder layer includes a second particulate binder 120, and the first particulate binder And the second particulate binder is different from each other, and the first particulate binder and the second particulate binder each independently include a fluorine-based binder, an acrylic binder, or a mixture of two or more
- the separator when manufacturing an electrode assembly including an anode, a cathode, and a separator interposed between the anode and the cathode, the separator includes an aqueous binder layer on the outermost layer surface in contact with each of the anode and the cathode. do.
- the aqueous binder layer formed on the outermost layer surface of one side of the separator is referred to as a first aqueous binder layer
- the aqueous binder layer formed on the outermost layer surface of the other side of the separator is referred to as a second aqueous binder layer.
- the first aqueous binder layer and the second aqueous binder layer each include a particulate binder.
- the particulate binder included in the first aqueous binder layer is referred to as a first particulate binder
- the particulate binder included in the second aqueous binder layer is referred to as a second particulate binder.
- the particulate binder indicates that it exists in a particle state in the aqueous binder layer.
- the particulate binder has low solubility in aqueous solvents, and thus is dispersed in particulate form in the aqueous solvent.
- the aqueous solvent may include, for example, water, an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, or a mixed solution of two or more thereof, but is not limited thereto.
- the particulate binder is, for example, single-phase or multi-phase such as core-shell, core-first shell-second shell, etc. -phase) particle structure, but is not limited thereto.
- the particulate binder may have a particle shape of, for example, a spherical shape, an oval shape, a plate shape, or an irregular shape, but is not limited thereto.
- the particulate binder may have an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of, for example, 0.05 to 0.5 ⁇ m, specifically 0.1 to 0.4 ⁇ m, but is not limited thereto.
- the average particle diameter (D 50 ) refers to the particle size at 50% of the cumulative distribution of the number of particles according to particle size.
- the average particle diameter (D 50 ) can be measured using a laser diffraction method. Specifically, after dispersing the particles to be measured in a dispersion medium, they are introduced into a commercially available laser diffraction particle size measuring device (for example, Microtrac S3500), and when the particles pass through the laser beam, the difference in diffraction patterns according to particle size is measured to determine particle size distribution. Calculate . D 50 can be measured by calculating the particle diameter at a point that is 50% of the cumulative distribution of particle numbers according to particle size in the measuring device.
- Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a separator for a lithium secondary battery according to one aspect of the present invention.
- the first aqueous binder layer 111 may include two or more types of first particulate binders 110 and 110' having different particle sizes. there is. Additionally, the second aqueous binder layer 122 may also include two or more types of second particulate binders 120 and 120' having different particle sizes.
- the particulate binder includes a fluorine-based binder, an acrylic binder, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
- the fluorine-based binder may be used without limitation as long as it can provide adhesion to the separator for secondary batteries.
- the fluorine-based binder is, for example, a homopolymer of vinylidenefluoride monomer, that is, polyvinylidenefluoride (poly(vinylidenefluoride), PVDF); Vinylidene fluoride monomer and trifluoroethylene (TrFE), tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), hexafluoropropylene (HFP), trichloroethylene (TrCE), trichloroethylene With one or two or more types selected from trichlorofluoroethylene (TCFE), chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and polyvinylacetate (PVAc) copolymer; Or it may contain a mixture of two or more of these.
- the fluorine-based binder may include polyvinylidene fluoride.
- the acrylic binder may be used without limitation as long as it can provide adhesive strength to the separator for secondary batteries.
- the acrylic binder may be, for example, a homopolymer of acrylic monomers, a copolymer of two or more types of acrylic monomers, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
- the acrylic binder includes, for example, poly(methylmethacrylate), poly(ethylhexyl acrylate), poly(butylacrylate), and polyacrylonitrile.
- poly(acrylonitrile) copolymer of ethylhexyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate, copolymer of butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate-acrylic acid-N,N- Dimethyl acrylamide copolymer, ethyl acrylate-acrylic acid-2-(dimethylamino)ethyl acrylate copolymer, ethyl acrylate-acrylic acid-N,N-diethylacrylamide copolymer, ethyl acrylate-acrylic acid-2-( It may include diethylamino)ethyl acrylate copolymer or a mixture of two or more thereof.
- the acrylic binder may include polymethyl methacrylate.
- the first aqueous binder layer includes a first particulate binder
- the second aqueous binder layer includes a second particulate binder, wherein the first particulate binder and the second particulate binder. Binders are different from each other. According to one embodiment of the present invention, by using the first particulate binder and the second particulate binder different from the first particulate binder, the separator for the electrode in dry and wet states. Adhesion can be further increased.
- the first particulate binder represents an aggregate of particulate binders included in the first aqueous binder layer. That is, the first particulate binder may include one or more types of particulate binders, and may also include particulate binders having different shapes. For example, the first particulate binder may represent an aggregate containing two or more types of fluorine-based binders listed above. Additionally, the first particulate binder may represent an aggregate containing two or more of the acrylic binders listed above. Additionally, the first particulate binder may include one or more of the fluorine-based binders listed above and one or more types of acrylic binders listed above.
- the second particulate binder also represents an aggregate of particulate binders included in the second aqueous binder layer.
- the aqueous binder layer formed on the outermost surface of the separator in contact with the anode of the electrode assembly includes a fluorine-based binder, which may have an advantageous effect in terms of adhesion between the separator and the electrode (i.e., the anode).
- the fact that the water-based binder layer formed on the surface of the outermost layer of the separator in contact with the cathode of the electrode assembly includes an acrylic binder may have an advantageous effect in terms of adhesion between the separator and the electrode (i.e., cathode).
- the second particulate binder when the first particulate binder includes one or more of the above-described fluorine-based binders, the second particulate binder may include one or more of the acrylic binders described above. there is.
- the first particulate binder when the first particulate binder includes the fluorine-based binder and the second particulate binder includes the acrylic binder, when manufacturing an electrode assembly using the separator, the first water-based binder layer is in contact with the anode. It is the surface of the outermost layer of the separator, and the second aqueous binder layer may be the surface of the outermost layer of the separator in contact with the cathode.
- the first particulate binder may further include an acrylic binder in an amount that does not impair the purpose of the present invention in addition to the fluorine-based binder, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the second particulate binder may further include a fluorine-based binder in an amount that does not impair the purpose of the present invention in addition to the acrylic binder, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the first aqueous binder layer and the second aqueous binder layer may each independently contain 100% by weight of binder.
- the first aqueous binder layer and the second aqueous binder layer may each independently further include a soluble binder in an amount that does not impair the purpose of the present invention in addition to the particulate binder, and the present invention is not limited thereto. That is not the case.
- the thickness of the first aqueous binder layer and the second aqueous binder layer is each independently, for example, 2 ⁇ m or less, specifically 0.1 ⁇ m to 1.5 ⁇ m, more specifically 0.3 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m. It may be ⁇ m, 0.4 ⁇ m to 0.8 ⁇ m or 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of each of the water-based binder layers is within the above-mentioned range, advantageous effects can be achieved in terms of adhesion and air permeability of the separator, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the thickness of each layer may be measured through differential scanning microscopy (SEM) observation of the cross section of the separator, or may be measured using a known thickness gauge.
- the known thickness gauge may be, for example, a contact-type thickness gauge using Mitutoyo's VL-50S-B device, but is not limited thereto.
- the first aqueous binder layer and the second aqueous binder layer may be formed by independently applying a slurry in which the particulate binder is dispersed in an appropriate aqueous solvent to the surface of the coating layer and drying it.
- the manufacturing method is not limited to this.
- the aqueous solvent may include, for example, water, an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, or a mixed solution of two or more thereof, but is not limited thereto.
- the slurry in which the particulate binder is dispersed may have a solid content of, for example, 2 to 20% by weight, specifically 3 to 10% by weight, but the present invention is not limited thereto. .
- the first water-based binder layer and the second water-based binder layer are formed on the surfaces of the first coating layer and the second coating layer, respectively.
- the first aqueous binder layer and the second aqueous binder layer may be formed by interviewing the surfaces of the first coating layer and the second coating layer, respectively.
- the first coating layer and the second coating layer each include inorganic particles and a coating layer binder.
- the inorganic particles include aluminum nitride (AlN) in terms of securing heat resistance and insulation of the separator and improving adhesion to the porous substrate within the separator, but the effect of the present invention is not limited thereto.
- AlN aluminum nitride
- the breakdown voltage of the separator can be further increased compared to other inorganic particles.
- the first coating layer and the second coating layer may each independently further include electrochemically stable inorganic particles that can be used in a separator for a secondary battery in addition to the aluminum nitride (AlN).
- the inorganic particles that may be further included in each of the first coating layer and the second coating layer are within the operating voltage range of the applied battery (e.g., 0 to 5 V based on Li/Li + ) is not particularly limited as long as oxidation and/or reduction reactions do not occur.
- the total weight of the inorganic particles included in one layer may be, for example, 5 to 90% by weight, specifically 10 to 85% by weight.
- the content of aluminum nitride is within the above-mentioned range, it may exhibit an advantageous effect in terms of heat resistance of the separator, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- Examples of the above-mentioned inorganic particles that may be further included include high dielectric constant inorganic particles having a dielectric constant of 1 or more, preferably 10 or more, inorganic particles having piezoelectricity, and inorganic particles having lithium ion transport ability.
- the high dielectric constant inorganic particles include, for example, SrTiO 3 , SnO 2 , CeO 2 , MgO, NiO, CaO, ZnO, ZrO 2 , Y 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , AlOOH, Al(OH) 3 , TiO 2 and Examples include SiC, and one or more types of these can be mixed and used, but is not limited thereto.
- the inorganic particle having piezoelectricity refers to a material that is insulator at normal pressure but has the property of conducting electricity due to a change in internal structure when a certain pressure is applied. These piezoelectric inorganic particles have a high dielectric constant value of 100 or more. Additionally, electric charges are generated when the material is stretched or compressed by applying a certain pressure. As one side is positively charged and the other side is negatively charged, a potential difference occurs between the two sides. When using these piezoelectric inorganic particles, when an internal short circuit of both electrodes occurs due to an external impact such as local crush or nail, a potential difference within the particle occurs due to the piezoelectricity of the inorganic particle, which results in electron movement between both electrodes, that is, a minute current.
- inorganic particles with piezoelectricity include BaTiO 3 , Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT), Pb 1-x La x Zr 1-y Ti y O 3 (PLZT), Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/ 3 )O 3 -PbTiO 3 (PMN-PT) hafnium oxide (HfO 2 ) or mixtures thereof, but is not limited thereto.
- the inorganic particles having the ability to transport lithium ions refer to inorganic particles that contain lithium element but do not store lithium but have the function of moving lithium ions.
- Inorganic particles with the ability to transport lithium ions can transport and move lithium ions due to a type of defect present inside the particle structure, thereby improving lithium ion conductivity in the battery, thereby improving battery performance. You can.
- Examples of inorganic particles with lithium ion transport ability include lithium phosphate (Li 3 PO 4 ), lithium titanium phosphate (Li x Ti y (PO 4 ) 3 , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 3), and lithium aluminum titanium.
- Li _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Same LiAlTiP ) x O y series glass (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 4 , 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 13), lithium lanthanum titanate ( Li Lithium germanium thiophosphate (Li x Ge y P z S w , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 4 , 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ w ⁇ 5), Li Lithium nitride (Li x N y , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 4 , 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2) such as 3 N , SiS 2 series glass ( Li , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 3, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 4), P 2 S 5 series glass such as LiI-Li 2 SP 2 S 5 (Li x P y S z , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 3, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 3, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 7), or mixtures thereof, but are not
- the inorganic particles may have an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of, for example, 10 to 1,500 nm, specifically 150 to 1,000 nm.
- D 50 average particle diameter of the inorganic particles
- advantageous effects may be exhibited in terms of adhesion and porosity of the coating layer, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the first coating layer and the second coating layer include a coating layer binder along with inorganic particles containing aluminum nitride.
- the coating layer binder may provide adhesion to the porous polymer substrate and electrode of the coating layer while connecting and fixing the inorganic particles.
- the coating layer binder is, for example, polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride-trichloroethylene copolymer (polyvinylidene fluoride-co-trichloroethylene), polymethylmethacrylate, polybutylacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylacetate, ethylene vinyl Acetate copolymer (polyethylene-co-vinyl acetate), polyethylene oxide, polyarylate, cyanoethylpullulan, cyanoethylpolyvinylalcohol, cyanoethylcellulose ( It may be any one polymer selected from the group consisting of cyanoethylcellulose, cyanoethylsucrose, pullulan, and carboxyl methyl cellulose, or a mixture of two or more of these. However, it is not particularly limited to this.
- the type of the coating layer binder included in the coating layer may be the same as or different from the type of particulate binder included in the water-based binder layer formed on the surface of the coating layer. Specifically, the type of the coating layer binder included in the coating layer may be selected independently from the type of particulate binder included in the water-based binder layer adjacent to the coating layer.
- the coating layer binder may include, for example, an aqueous particulate binder.
- the aqueous particulate binder has low solubility in the aqueous solvent, and thus may be dispersed in particulate form in the aqueous solvent.
- the aqueous solvent may include, for example, water, an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, or a mixed solution of two or more thereof, but is not limited thereto.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the coating layer binder may be, for example, -50°C to 0°C, specifically -30°C to -20°C or -25°C.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the glass transition temperature of the coating layer binder is within the above-mentioned range, there may be an advantageous effect in terms of adhesive strength of the separator, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) may represent a value measured by, for example, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA).
- DMA dynamic mechanical analysis
- the glass transition temperature may represent a value measured according to the DMA method specified in ASTM D4065.
- the composition of the first coating layer and the second coating layer may be configured independently from each other.
- the first coating layer and the second coating layer may have the same composition, or may have different compositions.
- having the first coating layer and the second coating layer have the same composition may have an advantageous effect in terms of thermal conductivity and insulation of the separator, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the first coating layer and the second coating layer may each independently include the inorganic particles and the coating layer binder at a weight ratio of 1:99 to 50:50.
- the weight ratio may be appropriately adjusted within the above range, for example, the coating layer binder is 1% by weight or more, 5% by weight or more, or 10% by weight or more based on 100% by weight of the sum of the inorganic particles and the coating layer binder. , may be more than 15% by weight, more than 20% by weight, more than 25% by weight, more than 30% by weight, and the inorganic particles are more than 70% by weight, more than 75% by weight, more than 80% by weight, more than 85% by weight, more than 90% by weight.
- the coating layer preferably has a porous structure from the viewpoint of ion permeability.
- the content of the coating layer binder when the content of the coating layer binder is less than 1% by weight, not only the adhesion between the porous polymer substrate and the coating layer, but also the adhesion between the coating layer and the water-based binder layer is insufficient, and when the content is too large, the adhesion between the coating layer and the water-based binder layer is insufficient.
- the porosity of the coating layer may decrease, and the resistance within the battery may increase, reducing the electrochemical properties of the battery.
- the first coating layer and the second coating layer are each independently 5% by volume to 95% by volume, 10% by volume to 95% by volume, 20% by volume to 90% by volume, It may have a porosity of 30 vol% to 80 vol% or 40 vol% to 70 vol%.
- the porosity can be adjusted to the above-mentioned range in order to ensure ion conductivity by securing a sufficient path for ions to pass through, and to ensure heat resistance and adhesiveness. Accordingly, considering these electrochemical properties, the porosity of the porous coating layer can be appropriately adjusted within the above range.
- the term "porosity” refers to the ratio of the volume occupied by pores to the total volume in a structure, uses % as its unit, and is used interchangeably with terms such as porosity and porosity. You can.
- the measurement of the porosity is not particularly limited, and according to one embodiment of the present invention, for example, a BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) measurement method using nitrogen gas or a mercury permeation method (Hg porosimeter) and Can be measured according to ASTM D2873.
- the true density of the separator from the density of the separator (apparent density), the composition ratio of the materials included in the separator, and the density of each component, and calculate the porosity of the separator from the difference between the apparent density and net density. It can be calculated.
- the total thickness of the coating layer can be appropriately adjusted, for example, in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
- the total thickness of the coating layer is the sum of the thicknesses of the coating layers on all sides formed on the surface of the porous polymer substrate, that is, the first coating layer and the second coating layer.
- the total thickness of the coating layer satisfies the above-mentioned range, it may be advantageous to improve the energy density of the battery by improving the heat resistance due to the inorganic particles and thinning the overall thickness of the battery, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the thickness of the first coating layer and the second coating layer may each independently be, for example, 5 ⁇ m or less, 4 ⁇ m or less, specifically 1 to 3 ⁇ m.
- the first coating layer and the second coating layer are formed by applying and drying a slurry in which the coating layer binder is dissolved and the aluminum nitride-containing inorganic particles are dispersed on one surface of the porous polymer substrate, respectively. It may be formed.
- the slurry for forming the coating layer may be prepared by adding the coating layer binder and aluminum nitride-containing inorganic particles to an appropriate solvent and mixing them.
- the coating layer binder may first be added to a solvent to prepare a binder solution, and then inorganic particles may be added thereto and mixed, or the inorganic particles may be added to a solvent and then the coating layer binder may be added and mixed. , but is not limited to this.
- the slurry for forming the coating layer may be, for example, an aqueous slurry
- the aqueous solvent may include, for example, water, an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, or a mixed solution of two or more thereof.
- water an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, or a mixed solution of two or more thereof.
- aqueous solvent may include, for example, water, an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, or a mixed solution of two or more thereof.
- the porous polymer substrate represents a film made of a polymer material having a plurality of pores commonly used in separators for lithium secondary batteries.
- the porous polymer substrate may be a polymer film made of a porous polyolefin-based material.
- a polyolefin-based material is used as the porous polymer substrate, the difference between the shutdown temperature and meltdown temperature of the separator for a lithium secondary battery can be greatly realized, which can have an advantageous effect in improving the stability of the separator.
- the effect of the present invention is this. It is not limited.
- the porous polyolefin-based material is, for example, polyethylene; polypropylene; polybutylene; polypentene; polyhexene; polyoctene; copolymers of two or more of ethylene, propylene, butene, pentene, 4-methylpentene, hexene, hepene and octene; Or it may be a mixture thereof, but is not limited thereto.
- the polyethylene includes low-density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), and high-density polyethylene (HDPE).
- LDPE low-density polyethylene
- LLDPE linear low-density polyethylene
- HDPE high-density polyethylene
- high-density polyethylene with high crystallinity and high melting point of the resin may be the most preferable.
- porous polymer substrate when the porous polymer substrate simultaneously contains polyethylene and polypropylene as polyolefin, physical properties such as shutdown characteristics and mechanical strength can be improved simultaneously, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the porosity of the porous polymer substrate may range from 30% by volume to 70% by volume, for example.
- the porosity of the porous polymer substrate may be 42 volume% or more, 45 volume% or more, 50 volume% or more, or 55 volume% or more within the above-mentioned range.
- the porosity of the porous polymer substrate may be 60 vol% or less, 55 vol% or less, or 55 vol% or less within the above-mentioned range.
- the porosity of the porous polymer substrate may have a value of 40 vol% or more and 65 vol% or less.
- the pores of the porous polymer substrate may have a diameter (D 50 ) ranging from 10 nm to 70 nm based on the longest diameter of the pore, and within this range, the pores may have a size of 65 nm or less, or 60 nm or less.
- D 50 diameter
- the diameter (D 50 ) may apply mutatis mutandis to what was described above regarding the D 50 particle size.
- the “diameter (D 50 )” means the diameter at 50% of the cumulative distribution of the number of pores according to diameter.
- capillary flow porometers include CFP-1500-AE from Porous Materials.
- the thickness of the porous polymer substrate may be, for example, 15 ⁇ m or less, specifically 5 ⁇ m to 12 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the porous polymer substrate is within the above-mentioned range, it can exhibit advantageous effects in terms of thinning and high energy density of the lithium secondary battery, but is not limited thereto.
- the protrusions formed by local agglomeration of inorganic particles in the porous coating layer applied pressure to the porous polymer substrate of the separator causing damage and resulting in a decrease in insulation properties.
- the insulation can be further improved by increasing the insulation breakdown voltage of the separator.
- the porous polymer substrate is made by melting and extruding a polymer, forming it into a sheet shape, and then stretching it to cause micro cracks between lamellas, which are crystal parts of the polymer, to form micro voids. It may be manufactured by a method (dry method).
- the porous polymer substrate is manufactured by mixing the polymer with a plasticizer (diluents) at a high temperature to create a single phase, separating the polymer material and the plasticizer during the cooling process, and then extracting the plasticizer to form pores (wet method). It may be, but is not limited to this.
- the separator according to one aspect of the present invention can exhibit excellent adhesion to electrodes.
- the separator may exhibit excellent effects in at least one of dry adhesion and wet adhesion to the electrode.
- the dry adhesion refers to the adhesion before the electrolyte solution is impregnated in the electrode assembly in which the separator and the electrode are joined.
- the wet adhesion refers to the adhesion after an electrolyte solution is impregnated in an electrode assembly in which a separator and an electrode are joined.
- the separator as described above may exhibit dry adhesion to an electrode of, for example, 70 gf/25 mm or more. Dry adhesion with the electrode may be specifically 80 gf/25 mm or more or 100 gf/25 mm or more, more specifically 150 gf/25 mm to 250 gf/25 mm or 160 gf/25 mm to 200 gf/25. It can have a value of mm.
- the dry adhesion with the electrode may be dry adhesion with the cathode.
- the dry adhesion with the negative electrode represents a value measured according to the following method. Natural graphite, SBR, CMC, and carbon black (90:2.5:2.5:5 by weight) were added to water to obtain a cathode slurry, and the cathode slurry was applied on a copper thin film (thickness 20 ⁇ m) at a loading amount of 5 mg/cm 2. Apply and dry. Next, prepare a standard cathode by rolling it at 90°C and 8.5MPa and cutting it into 60mm (length) x 25mm (width).
- the separator as described above may exhibit a wet adhesive force with an electrode of, for example, 10 gf/25 mm or more.
- the wet adhesion with the electrode is specifically 15 gf/25 mm or more, 20 gf/25 mm or more, or 30 gf/25 mm or more, more specifically 30 gf/25 mm to 80 gf/25 mm, 35 gf/25 mm. It may have a value of from 70 gf/25 mm or from 36.5 gf/25 mm to 60 gf/25 mm.
- the wet adhesion of the separator with the anode represents a value measured according to the following method.
- electrolyte is injected to activate the electrode assembly and impregnate it with the electrolyte.
- the electrode assembly taken out from the monocell is sampled to a width of 25 mm, and the electrode assembly is fixed to the glass plate using double-sided tape so that the electrodes of the sampled electrode assembly face the glass plate.
- the separator portion of the specimen was peeled at an angle of 90° at a speed of 200 mm/min at 25°C using Instron's UTM equipment, and the strength at this time was measured and used as wet adhesive strength.
- the positive electrode when assembling the monocell, includes a positive electrode active material (LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O 2 ), a conductive material (carbon black), a dispersant, and a binder resin (a mixture of PVDF-HFP and PVDF).
- a positive electrode active material LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O 2
- a conductive material carbon black
- a dispersant a dispersant
- a binder resin a mixture of PVDF-HFP and PVDF.
- the negative electrode when assembling the monocell, is made by mixing graphite, a conductive material (carbon black), a dispersant, and a fluorine-based binder resin with water at a weight ratio of 97.5:0.7:0.14:1.66 to obtain a solid content of 50 wt%.
- the activation process for preparing the electrode assembly may be performed at 55° C. with a charging SOC of 60%, but is not limited thereto.
- the separator not only has excellent adhesion to the electrode, but may also have excellent adhesion (peel strength) between the porous polymer substrate and the coating layer.
- the separator may have an adhesive force between the porous polymer substrate and each of the first coating layer and the second coating layer of, for example, 60 gf/15 mm or more.
- the adhesion between the porous polymer substrate and the coating layer is determined by, for example, cutting the separator into a size of 80 mm (length) x 15 mm (width), preparing two test pieces each, and The measured value can be expressed by attaching the test piece with double-sided tape, peeling it at an angle of 180° at a speed of 300 mm/min at 25°C, and measuring the strength at this time.
- the separator can exhibit excellent effects in terms of low heat shrinkage characteristics and high dielectric breakdown voltage characteristics.
- the separator may have low thermal contraction rates in both the machine direction (MD) and the transverse direction (TD).
- the machine direction (MD) of the separator represents the machine direction of the porous polymer substrate of the separator
- the transverse direction (TD) of the separator represents a direction perpendicular to the machine direction
- the machine direction of the porous polymer substrate indicates the production direction of the porous polymer substrate during the manufacturing process of the porous polymer substrate. Specifically, since the machine direction of the porous polymer substrate coincides with the orientation direction of the fibers in the porous polymer substrate, it can be confirmed through the orientation direction of the fibers in the porous polymer substrate being manufactured. For example, the orientation direction of the fibers in the porous polymer substrate can be confirmed through a differential scanning microscope (SEM) image of a cross section of the porous polymer substrate. Additionally, it can also be confirmed through SEM images of the cross section of the separator including the porous polymer substrate. The orientation direction of the fiber confirmed through the SEM image can be confirmed as the machine direction (MD) of the porous polymer substrate and the machine direction (MD) of the separator.
- SEM differential scanning microscope
- the thermal contraction rate of the separator is, for example, 10% or less, 5% or less, 3% or less, 2% or less, 1% or less in both the machine direction (MD) and the transverse direction (TD). It may represent 0%.
- the thermal shrinkage rate of the separator can be evaluated by the following method.
- the separator to be evaluated is cut to a size of 50mm * 50mm, placed between A4 sheets of paper, placed in a convection oven at 120°C for 1 hour, and then the thermal contraction rate in the machine direction (MD) and transverse direction (TD) is measured.
- the heat shrinkage rate (%) is calculated as [(initial length - length after heat treatment for 120°C)/(initial length)]
- the thermal contraction rate of the separator may be calculated based on a value measured after storing the separator immediately after manufacturing at 150°C for 30 minutes to ensure accuracy of the measured value.
- the breakdown voltage of the separator may be, for example, 1,000 V or more, specifically 1,500 V or more, and more specifically 1,500 V to 2,500 V.
- the breakdown voltage of the separator represents a value measured by the following method. Insulation breakdown voltage is measured using an AC/DC/IR Hi-Pot tester. Specifically, release PET cut to 10 At this time, ensure that the release surface of the release PET touches the separator. A compressed separator sample is produced by hot pressing the separator laminated with PET for 10 seconds at a temperature of 70°C and a pressure of 5.2 MPa. Place the prepared compressed separator sample between aluminum jigs (upper jig diameter 30mm, lower jig 50x100mm) and measure the voltage at which a fail condition (>0.5mA, 3sec) occurs with a Hi-pot tester. At this time, the measurement conditions are set to DC, current 0.5mA, and step-up 100V/s (up to 3kV). Measured values are expressed as the average value of 30 samples.
- the separator may have excellent air permeability by sequentially providing a coating layer and an aqueous binder layer on both sides of a porous polymer substrate.
- the separator may have an air permeability increased by, for example, 10% or more, specifically, 15% or more compared to the air permeability of the porous polymer substrate.
- the air permeability (ventilation time, Gurley) of the separator and porous polymer substrate can be measured by the ASTM D-2873 method.
- Gurley value is measured using a Gurley type Densometer (No. 158) from Toyoseiki in accordance with the JIS Gurlye measurement method of the Japanese industrial standard.
- the breathability value is expressed as the time (seconds) it takes for 100 ml of air to pass through a cross section of 1 in 2 separator under a pressure of 12.2 inH 2 O, that is, the breath time.
- the rate of increase in air permeability can be evaluated according to the equation below.
- Air permeability increase rate (%) [(Breath permeability of manufactured separator - Air permeability of porous polymer base)/Breath permeability of porous polymer base] * 100
- the separator according to one aspect of the present invention may have one or more characteristics of excellent adhesion to electrodes, low thermal contraction rate, high dielectric breakdown voltage, and high air permeability, but the effect of the present invention is not limited thereto.
- a lithium ion secondary battery including the separator includes an electrode assembly including an anode, a cathode, and a separator disposed between the anode and the cathode, and the separator is according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode are not particularly limited, and those in which the electrode active material is bound to a current collector can be used according to a common method known in the art.
- Non-limiting examples of the positive electrode active material among the electrode active materials include common positive electrode active materials that can be used in the positive electrode of conventional electrochemical devices, for example, lithium transition metal oxide; lithium metal iron phosphate; lithium nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide; An oxide in which lithium nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide is partially replaced with another transition metal; Or, it may include two or more of these, but is not limited thereto.
- Non-limiting examples of the negative electrode active material among the electrode active materials include common negative electrode active materials that can be used in the negative electrode of conventional electrochemical devices, and in particular, carbon such as lithium metal oxide, non-graphitizable carbon, and graphitic carbon; Hwang (S); Li x Fe 2 O 3 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), Li x WO 2 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1 ) , Sn : Al, B, P, Si, elements of groups 1, 2, and 3 of the periodic table, halogen; metal complex oxides such as 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1;1 ⁇ y ⁇ 3;1 ⁇ z ⁇ 8); lithium metal; lithium alloy; silicon-based alloy; tin-based alloy; SnO, SnO 2 , PbO, PbO 2 , Pb 2 O 3 , Pb 3 O 4 , Sb 2 O 3 , Sb 2 O 4 , Sb 2 O 5 , GeO, GeO 2 , Bi 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 4 , and metal oxides such as Bi 2 O 5 ; Conductive
- Non-limiting examples of the positive electrode current collector include foil made of aluminum, nickel, or a combination thereof, and non-limiting examples of the negative electrode current collector include copper, gold, nickel, or a copper alloy, or a combination thereof. There are foils etc. that are manufactured.
- the electrode assembly is provided with the above-described separator for a lithium secondary battery in the form of a strip, and has at least one pair of positive electrodes spaced at a predetermined distance on the upper and lower surfaces with the strip-shaped separator in between. and a cathode, and can be manufactured by a zig-zag stacking (ZZS) process by folding it in a zigzag shape and then hot pressing it to apply heat and/or pressure.
- ZZS zig-zag stacking
- the separator since the separator has excellent heat resistance and electrode adhesion, hot pressing for fixing the separator and electrode is performed under more relaxed conditions than the pressurizing and/or heating process for lamination of the conventional separator and electrode. It can show the advantages of what can be done.
- the adhesion between the separator and the electrode is excellent, and the separator has excellent ionic conductivity, heat resistance, and insulation. It can show the advantages that appear.
- the lithium secondary battery represents the electrode assembly described above housed in a case.
- the case may be one commonly used as a battery case, and is not particularly limited in appearance depending on the intended use of the battery.
- the case may be cylindrical, square, pouch-shaped, or coin-shaped using a can.
- a non-limiting example of the electrolyte solution is a salt with a structure such as A + B - , where A + includes an ion consisting of an alkali metal cation such as Li + , Na + , K + or a combination thereof, and B - is PF 6 - , BF 4 - , Cl - , Br - , I - , ClO 4 - , AsF 6 - , CH 3 CO 2 - , CF 3 SO 3 - , N(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 - , C(CF 2 SO 2 ) 3 - Salts containing anions such as or a combination of these are propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and dipropyl carbonate (DPC).
- PC propylene carbonate
- EC ethylene carbonate
- DEC diethyl carbonate
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- DPC diprop
- dimethyl sulfoxide dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile, dimethoxyethane, diethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC), gamma butyrolactone (g-butyrolactone) ) or a mixture thereof that is dissolved or dissociated in an organic solvent, but is not limited to this.
- a battery module including the lithium secondary battery as a unit cell, a battery pack including the battery module, and a device including the battery pack as a power source may be provided.
- the device include a power tool that is powered by an omni-electric motor and moves; Electric vehicles, including Electric Vehicle (EV), Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV), Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV), etc.; Electric two-wheeled vehicles including electric bicycles (E-bikes) and electric scooters (E-scooters); electric golf cart; Examples include, but are not limited to, power storage systems.
- a separator having the structure of a second aqueous binder layer/second coating layer/porous polymer substrate/first coating layer/first aqueous binder layer was manufactured according to the following method.
- a porous polymer substrate As a porous polymer substrate, a wet polyethylene substrate (thickness 9 ⁇ m) with a porosity of 45% from Toray Company was prepared.
- a slurry in which inorganic particles and a coating layer binder were dispersed was prepared as follows.
- the solid content of the prepared slurry was 23 wt%, and the weight ratio of aluminum nitride particles and cyanoethyl polyvinyl alcohol in the slurry was 95:5.
- the prepared slurry was applied to both sides of the prepared porous polymer substrate and then sufficiently dried with warm air at 60°C to form first and second coating layers each having a thickness of 2 ⁇ m.
- a slurry in which a particulate binder was dispersed was prepared as follows.
- the solid content of the prepared slurry was 5 wt%.
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
- D 50 average particle diameter
- a slurry for forming a second aqueous binder layer was prepared according to the same method as above.
- Each of the prepared slurry for forming the first aqueous binder layer and the slurry for forming the second aqueous binder layer was coated on the surface of the first coating layer and the second coating layer and dried at 60° C. to produce an aqueous binder each having a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m. A layer was formed.
- a safety-reinforced separator was manufactured using a soluble PVDF-HFP binder and alumina as follows.
- PVDF-HFP MW 400,000 g/mol, HFP 8 wt%) and alumina with an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 500 nm were added to acetone as a solvent at a weight ratio of 1:4, and then mixed using a bead mill mixer.
- a slurry for forming a coating layer was prepared by mixing for about 2 hours.
- the slurry for forming a coating layer prepared above was applied to both sides of the same porous polymer substrate as in Example 1 using a bar coater, and dried at room temperature (23°C) at a relative humidity of 45% to obtain a separator.
- porous coating layers were formed on both sides of a porous polymer substrate (9 ⁇ m), and the thickness of each porous coating layer was 6 ⁇ m.
- the prepared slurry was applied to both sides of the same porous polymer substrate as in Example 1 using a bar coater and then dried at 90°C to prepare a separator.
- a separator was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the first and second aqueous binder layers were not formed.
- a separator was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the first aqueous binder layer and the second aqueous binder layer were formed using the slurry for forming the first aqueous binder layer.
- a separator was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the first aqueous binder layer and the second aqueous binder layer were formed using the slurry for forming the second aqueous binder layer.
- the first and second coating layers were prepared according to the same method as in Example 1 except that alumina (average particle diameter (D 50 ) 500 nm) was used instead of aluminum nitride as the inorganic particles in each of the slurries for forming the first and second coating layers. was formed.
- alumina average particle diameter (D 50 ) 500 nm
- a separator was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the first aqueous binder layer and the second aqueous binder layer were formed using the slurry for forming the second aqueous binder layer.
- a separator was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that alumina (average particle diameter (D 50 ) 500 nm) was used instead of aluminum nitride as the inorganic particles in each of the slurries for forming the first and second coating layers.
- alumina average particle diameter (D 50 ) 500 nm
- An aqueous slurry for forming a first porous coating layer was prepared by mixing the slurry for forming a first coating layer prepared in Example 1 and the slurry for forming a first aqueous binder layer.
- An aqueous slurry for forming a second porous coating layer was prepared by mixing the slurry for forming a second coating layer prepared in Example 1 and the slurry for forming a second aqueous binder layer.
- the slurry for forming the first porous coating layer was simultaneously coated on one side of the same porous polymer substrate as in Example 1, and the slurry for forming the second coating layer was coated on the other side, and sufficiently dried with warm air at 60° C. to form a first, A separator was manufactured by forming a second porous coating layer.
- the separator to be evaluated was cut to a size of 50mm * 50mm, placed between A4 sheets of paper, placed in a convection oven at 120°C for 1 hour, and then the heat shrinkage rate in the machine direction (MD) and transverse direction (TD) was measured.
- V Insulation breakdown voltage
- Insulation breakdown voltage was measured using an AC/DC/IR Hi-Pot tester.
- release PET cut to 10x10cm was laminated on the top and bottom of the separator to be evaluated, which was cut to 5x5cm. At this time, the release surface of the release PET was made to contact the separator.
- a compressed separator sample was produced by hot pressing the separator laminated with PET for 10 seconds at a temperature of 70°C and a pressure of 5.2 MPa.
- the prepared compressed separator sample was placed between aluminum jigs (upper jig diameter 30mm, lower jig 50x100mm) and the voltage at which a fail condition (>0.5mA, 3sec) occurs was measured using a Hi-pot tester. At this time, the measurement conditions were set to DC, current 0.5mA, and voltage boost 100V/s (up to 3kV). The measured value was expressed as the average value of 30 samples.
- the rate of increase in air permeability of the separator was evaluated according to the following equation.
- Air permeability increase rate (%) [(Breath permeability of manufactured separator - Air permeability of porous polymer base)/Breath permeability of porous polymer base] * 100
- Air permeability was measured by the ASTM D-2873 method.
- Gurly value was measured using a Gurley type Densometer (No. 158) from Toyoseiki in accordance with the JIS Gurlye measurement method of the Japanese industrial standard.
- the air permeability value was expressed as the time (seconds) it takes for 100 ml of air to pass through a cross section of a 1 in 2 separator under a pressure of 12.2 inH 2 O, that is, the ventilation time.
- Natural graphite, SBR, CMC, and carbon black (90:2.5:2.5:5 by weight) were added to water to obtain a cathode slurry, and the cathode slurry was applied on a copper thin film (thickness 20 ⁇ m) at a loading amount of 5 mg/cm 2. It was applied and dried. Next, it was rolled at 90°C and 8.5 MPa and cut into 60 mm (length) x 25 mm (width) to prepare a standard cathode.
- the prepared specimen was attached and fixed to a glass plate using double-sided tape, and was placed so that the cathode faced the glass plate.
- the separator portion of the specimen was peeled at an angle of 180° at a speed of 300 mm/min at 25°C using Instron's UTM equipment, and the strength at this time was measured.
- electrolyte was injected to activate the electrode assembly and impregnate it with the electrolyte.
- the electrode assembly was taken out from the monocell, the electrode assembly was sampled to a width of 25 mm, and the electrode assembly was fixed to the glass plate using double-sided tape so that the electrodes of the sampled electrode assembly faced the glass plate.
- the separator portion of the specimen was peeled at an angle of 90° at a speed of 200 mm/min at 25°C using Instron's UTM equipment, and the strength at this time was measured.
- the monocell was prepared as follows.
- the positive active material LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O 2
- conductive material carbon black
- dispersant and binder resin PVDF-HFP and PVDF mixed
- PVDF-HFP and PVDF mixed were mixed with water at a weight ratio of 97.5:0.7:0.14:1.66, excluding water.
- a slurry for the positive electrode active material layer with a concentration of 50 wt% of the remaining ingredients was prepared. Next, the slurry was applied to the surface of an aluminum thin film (10 ⁇ m thick) and dried to prepare a positive electrode having a positive electrode active material layer (120 ⁇ m thick).
- Graphite natural graphite and artificial graphite blend
- conductive material carbon black
- dispersant and binder resin PVDF-HFP and PVDF mixed
- PVDF-HFP dispersant and binder resin
- a slurry for the negative electrode active material layer with a wt% concentration was prepared. Next, the slurry was applied to the surface of a copper thin film (10 ⁇ m thick) and dried to prepare a negative electrode with a negative electrode active material layer (120 ⁇ m thick).
- An electrode assembly was obtained by stacking the prepared cathode and anode with the separator to be evaluated interposed and performing a lamination process.
- the lamination process was performed for 10 seconds at 70°C and 5.2 MPa using a hot press.
- the separator according to Comparative Example 1 showed a high thermal contraction rate and was found to be particularly poor in terms of insulation breakdown voltage and increase rate of air permeability.
- Comparative Example 2 in which alumina was applied as inorganic particles in the coating layer without an aqueous binder layer, it was confirmed that the dielectric breakdown voltage was poor and the adhesion to the electrode was poor in both dry and wet states.
- Comparative Example 3 in which aluminum nitride was applied as inorganic particles in the coating layer, it was confirmed that the adhesion to the electrode was poor in both dry and wet states because an aqueous binder layer was not provided.
- Comparative Example 4 aluminum nitride was applied as inorganic particles to the coating layer and an aqueous binder layer was provided, but fluorine-based particle-type binder was applied to both sides of the separator, so it was confirmed that the adhesion to the cathode was poor in both dry and wet states.
- acrylic particle-type binder was similarly applied to both sides of the separator, and it was confirmed that the adhesion to the anode was poor.
- Comparative Example 6 an acrylic particle-type binder was applied to both sides as in Comparative Example 5, and alumina was applied as inorganic particles to the coating layer, thereby lowering the breakdown voltage value and poorer adhesion to the electrode in both dry and wet states. It was confirmed that it was broken.
- Comparative Example 7 a fluorine-based particle-type aqueous binder layer and an acrylic-based particle-type aqueous binder layer were applied to both sides of the separator, respectively. However, it was confirmed that the dielectric breakdown voltage was very poor because alumina was applied as inorganic particles to the coating layer.
- Comparative Example 8 aluminum nitride was used as inorganic particles in the coating layer of the separator, and a fluorine-based particle-type binder and an acrylic-based particle-type binder were applied as binders on both sides of the separator, respectively.
- the inorganic particles and the particle-type binder were used as binders. It was confirmed that by using a one-component slurry mixed together, it showed inferior characteristics in terms of heat shrinkage rate and electrode adhesion.
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- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
| 구분 | 열 수축(%) | 절연파괴전압(V) | 통기도 증가율(%) |
Dry 접착력
(gf/25 mm) |
Wet 접착력
(gf/25 mm) |
||
| MD | TD | 음극 | 양극 | 음극 | |||
| 비교예 1 | 57 | 51 | 832 | 114 | 75 | 24 | 11 |
| 비교예 2 | 1 | 1 | 796 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 비교예 3 | 1 | 0 | 1739 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 비교예 4 | 1 | 1 | 1803 | 23 | 24 | 41 | 3 |
| 비교예 5 | 0 | 1 | 1792 | 24 | 151 | 1 | 34 |
| 비교예 6 | 1 | 1 | 1002 | 21 | 81 | 2 | 21 |
| 비교예 7 | 1 | 0 | 867 | 19 | 157(acryl면) | 49 | 36 |
| 비교예 8 | 43 | 38 | 1599 | 33 | 121(acryl면) | 11 | 9 |
| 실시예 1 | 0 | 1 | 1813 | 20 | 168(acryl면) | 58 | 37 |
| 실시예 2 | 1 | 1 | 1799 | 18 | 150(acryl면) | 61 | 35 |
Claims (12)
- 다공성 고분자 기재;상기 다공성 고분자 기재의 일측 표면에 형성된 제1 코팅층;상기 다공성 고분자 기재의 타측 표면에 형성된 제2 코팅층;상기 제1 코팅층의 표면 상에 형성된 제1 수계 바인더층; 및상기 제2 코팅층의 표면 상에 형성된 제2 수계 바인더층;을 포함하고,상기 제1 코팅층 및 상기 제2 코팅층은 각각 독립적으로 무기물 입자 및 코팅층 바인더를 포함하고, 상기 무기물 입자는 질화알루미늄(AlN)을 포함하고,상기 제1 수계 바인더층은 제1 입자형 바인더를 포함하고, 상기 제2 수계 바인더층은 제2 입자형 바인더를 포함하며,상기 제1 입자형 바인더 및 상기 제2 입자형 바인더는 서로 상이한 것으로서, 상기 제1 입자형 바인더 및 상기 제2 입자형 바인더는 각각 독립적으로 불소계 바인더, 아크릴계 바인더 또는 이들 모두를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차전지용 분리막.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제1 입자형 바인더 및 상기 제2 입자형 바인더는 각각 독립적으로 평균입경(D50)이 0.05 내지 0.5 ㎛인 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차전지용 분리막.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 불소계 바인더는, 폴리비닐리덴플루오라이드(poly(vinylidenefluoride), PVDF); 비닐리덴 플루오라이드(vinylidenefluoride) 단량체와 트리플루오로에틸렌(trifluoroethylene, TrFE), 테트라플루오로에틸렌(tetrafluoroethylene, TFE), 헥사플루오로프로필렌(hexafluoropropylene, HFP), 트리클로로에틸렌(trichloroethylene, TrCE), 트리클로로플루오로에틸렌(trichlorofluoroethylene, TCFE), 클로로트리플루오로에틸렌(chlorotrifuloroethylene, CTFE), 폴리메틸메타크릴레이트(polymethylmethacrylate, PMMA) 및 폴리비닐아세테이트(polyvinylacetate, PVAc) 중에서 선택되는 1종 또는 2종 이상과의 공중합체; 또는 이들 중 2 이상의 혼합물을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차전지용 분리막.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 아크릴계 바인더는, 폴리메틸메타크릴레이트(poly(methylmethacrylate)), 폴리에틸헥실아크릴레이트(poly(ethylhexyl acrylate)), 폴리부틸아크릴레이트(poly(butylacrylate)), 폴리아크릴로니트릴 (poly(acrylonitrile)), 에틸헥실아크릴레이트(ethylhexyl acrylate)와 메틸메타크릴레이트(methyl methacrylate)의 공중합체, 부틸아크릴레이트와 메틸메타크릴레이트의 공중합체, 에틸 아크릴레이트-아크릴산-N,N-디메틸아크릴아마이드 공중합체, 에틸 아크릴레이트-아크릴산-2-(디메틸아미노)에틸 아크릴레이트 공중합체, 에틸 아크릴레이트-아크릴산-N,N-디에틸아크릴아마이드 공중합체, 에틸 아크릴레이트-아크릴산-2-(디에틸아미노)에틸 아크릴레이트 공중합체 또는 이들 중 2 이상의 혼합물을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차전지용 분리막.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 코팅층 바인더는 수계 입자형 바인더를 포함하고,상기 코팅층 바인더는 상기 제1 수계 바인더층 및 상기 제2 수계 바인더층에 포함되는 바인더와 동일하거나 또는 상이한 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차전지용 분리막.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 리튬 이차전지용 분리막의 전극과의 건식 접착력이 70 gf/25 mm 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차전지용 분리막.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 리튬 이차전지용 분리막의 전극과의 습식 접착력이 10 gf/25 mm 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차전지용 분리막.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 다공성 고분자 기재와, 상기 제1 코팅층 및 상기 제2 코팅층 중 어느 하나와의 또는 이 둘 모두와의 접착력은 60 gf/15 mm 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차전지용 분리막.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제1 코팅층 및 상기 제2 코팅층의 두께는 각각 독립적으로 5 ㎛ 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차전지용 분리막.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제1 수계 바인더층 및 상기 제2 수계 바인더층의 두께는 각각 독립적으로 2 ㎛ 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차전지용 분리막.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 다공성 고분자 기재의 두께는 15 ㎛ 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차전지용 분리막.
- 양극, 음극 및 상기 양극과 음극 사이에 개재된 리튬 이차전지용 분리막을 포함하는 전극 조립체를 구비한 리튬 이차전지에 있어서,상기 리튬 이차전지용 분리막은 청구항 1 내지 청구항 11 중 어느 한 항의 리튬 이차전지용 분리막인 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬 이차전지.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202380012447.8A CN117561641A (zh) | 2022-06-03 | 2023-02-16 | 用于锂二次电池的隔膜和包括隔膜的锂二次电池 |
| EP23816190.5A EP4346001A4 (en) | 2022-06-03 | 2023-02-16 | SEPARATOR FOR LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERY AND LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERY |
| US18/574,601 US20240291110A1 (en) | 2022-06-03 | 2023-02-16 | Separator for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery comprising same |
| JP2023578129A JP7835505B2 (ja) | 2022-06-03 | 2023-02-16 | リチウム二次電池用分離膜及びそれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
| CA3226506A CA3226506A1 (en) | 2022-06-03 | 2023-02-16 | Separator for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery comprising same |
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|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020220068533A KR102599066B1 (ko) | 2022-06-03 | 2022-06-03 | 리튬 이차전지용 분리막 및 이의 제조방법 |
| KR10-2022-0068533 | 2022-06-03 |
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| WO2023234518A1 true WO2023234518A1 (ko) | 2023-12-07 |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US20240291110A1 (ko) |
| EP (1) | EP4346001A4 (ko) |
| JP (1) | JP7835505B2 (ko) |
| KR (1) | KR102599066B1 (ko) |
| CN (1) | CN117561641A (ko) |
| CA (1) | CA3226506A1 (ko) |
| WO (1) | WO2023234518A1 (ko) |
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| WO2026010343A1 (ko) * | 2024-07-02 | 2026-01-08 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 전기화학소자용 분리막, 이를 포함하는 전기화학소자 및 이의 제조방법 |
| WO2026019128A1 (ko) * | 2024-07-19 | 2026-01-22 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 전기화학소자용 분리막 및 이를 포함하는 전기화학소자 |
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- 2022-06-03 KR KR1020220068533A patent/KR102599066B1/ko active Active
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- 2023-02-16 CN CN202380012447.8A patent/CN117561641A/zh active Pending
- 2023-02-16 CA CA3226506A patent/CA3226506A1/en active Pending
- 2023-02-16 WO PCT/KR2023/002256 patent/WO2023234518A1/ko not_active Ceased
- 2023-02-16 EP EP23816190.5A patent/EP4346001A4/en active Pending
- 2023-02-16 JP JP2023578129A patent/JP7835505B2/ja active Active
- 2023-02-16 US US18/574,601 patent/US20240291110A1/en active Pending
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4346001A1 (en) | 2024-04-03 |
| KR102599066B1 (ko) | 2023-11-03 |
| US20240291110A1 (en) | 2024-08-29 |
| JP2024526430A (ja) | 2024-07-18 |
| CA3226506A1 (en) | 2023-12-07 |
| CN117561641A (zh) | 2024-02-13 |
| JP7835505B2 (ja) | 2026-03-25 |
| EP4346001A4 (en) | 2025-06-18 |
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