WO2023236592A1 - 一种卷绕电池和电子设备 - Google Patents

一种卷绕电池和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023236592A1
WO2023236592A1 PCT/CN2023/078740 CN2023078740W WO2023236592A1 WO 2023236592 A1 WO2023236592 A1 WO 2023236592A1 CN 2023078740 W CN2023078740 W CN 2023078740W WO 2023236592 A1 WO2023236592 A1 WO 2023236592A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
region
positive electrode
current collector
active layer
negative electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/078740
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2023236592A9 (zh
Inventor
张保海
彭冲
李俊义
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhuhai Cosmx Battery Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zhuhai Cosmx Battery Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhuhai Cosmx Battery Co Ltd filed Critical Zhuhai Cosmx Battery Co Ltd
Priority to EP23818760.3A priority Critical patent/EP4471929A4/en
Publication of WO2023236592A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023236592A1/zh
Priority to US18/746,454 priority patent/US20240339668A1/en
Publication of WO2023236592A9 publication Critical patent/WO2023236592A9/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J9/00—Adhesives characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced, e.g. glue sticks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/471—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01M50/474—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof characterised by their position inside the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/471—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01M50/48—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof characterised by the material
    • H01M50/486—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present application relates to a wound battery and electronic equipment, and to the technical field of secondary batteries.
  • This application provides a rolled battery to solve the problem of poor battery life caused by gaps between negative electrode sheets.
  • This application also provides an electronic device, including the above-mentioned winding battery.
  • a first aspect of the present application provides a rolled battery.
  • the rolled battery includes a rolled positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a first coating disposed on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material disposed on the surface of the negative electrode current collector. sexual layer;
  • the first coating includes a first insulating glue layer and a cathode active layer.
  • the cathode active layer is disposed on the surface of the cathode current collector.
  • the first insulating glue layer is connected to the cathode active layer, and the At least one cross section of the first insulating glue layer is located on the same plane as the end surface of the negative active layer close to the winding starting point.
  • the first insulating glue layer includes a first region and a second region connected to each other, and the first region is disposed on a surface of the cathode active layer away from the cathode current collector, and the The second region is provided on a side of the positive electrode active layer close to the winding starting point and on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the thickness of the first region and the second region is the same, and the thickness of the first region and the second region is 4-16 ⁇ m.
  • the first insulating glue layer includes a first region and a second region connected to each other, and the first region and the second region are both disposed on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the third region A region is connected to the positive electrode active layer, the end surface of the first region close to the winding starting point and the end surface of the negative electrode active layer close to the winding starting point are located on the same plane, and the second area is located in the first area close to the winding start point.
  • the first insulating glue layer includes a first region and a second region connected to each other, and the first region and the second region are both disposed on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the third region A region is connected to the positive electrode active layer, the end surface of the first region close to the winding starting point and the end surface of the negative electrode active layer close to the winding starting point are located on the same plane, and the second area is located in the first area close to the winding start point. Around the side of the starting point.
  • the thickness of the first region is 1.03-1.08 times the thickness of the cathode active layer, and the thickness of the second region is 4-16 ⁇ m.
  • the length of the first region is 3-5 mm.
  • the thickness of the first insulating glue layer provided on the surface of the positive electrode current collector close to the winding center is T1
  • the first insulating glue layer includes a first region and a second region.
  • the first region is located on a surface of the cathode active layer away from the cathode current collector.
  • the second region is connected to the surface of the cathode active layer.
  • the first region is connected to and wraps the end surface of the cathode active layer close to the winding starting point.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wound battery provided by the prior art
  • Figure 4 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a rolled battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a rolled battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a rolled battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a wound battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the present application provides a rolled battery, which includes a rolled positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a first coating disposed on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode collector. Fluid and anode active layer disposed on the surface of the anode current collector;
  • the first coating includes a first insulating glue layer and a cathode active layer.
  • the cathode active layer is disposed on the surface of the cathode current collector.
  • the first insulating glue layer is connected to the cathode active layer, and at least one cross section of the first insulating glue layer is connected to the cathode.
  • the end surfaces of the active layer close to the winding starting point are located on the same plane.
  • This application uses one end of the pole piece as the winding starting point according to the winding method of the positive electrode piece and the negative electrode piece. It is formed by winding from the inside out, that is, the starting point of winding is located inside the battery core.
  • the cross-section of the first insulating adhesive layer refers to the plane when the first insulating adhesive layer is cut in a direction perpendicular to the positive electrode current collector.
  • the exposed plane is the negative electrode active
  • the end surface of the layer close to the winding starting point refers to the two end surfaces of the negative active layer consisting of the width and thickness directions, which is close to the winding starting point, that is, the side of one end inside the battery core.
  • the above two planes being on the same plane means that the above two planes are located on the same plane.
  • the end surface of the negative active layer 202 close to the winding starting point includes: The end surface of the negative active layer disposed on the upper surface of the negative current collector 201 close to the winding starting point and the end surface of the negative active layer disposed on the lower surface of the negative current collector 201 close to the winding start point.
  • the end surfaces referred to in this application refer to the above two end surfaces. one or two of them.
  • this application compensates for the gap between the negative electrode sheets at the starting point of winding on the basis of satisfying the excess of negative electrode to positive electrode, reduces the risk of deformation of the negative electrode sheets, and thereby alleviates the cyclic expansion process of the battery core.
  • the problem of uneven stress alleviates the expansion and deformation of the battery core and the attenuation of the battery capacity, and improves the service life of the battery.
  • Figure 2 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a rolled battery provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pole piece after straightening provided by an embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figures 2-3
  • this embodiment uses the positive electrode active layer 102 to bridge the gap between the negative electrode sheets.
  • the positive electrode current collector 101 sequentially includes an empty foil area, a first insulation area, and a side from a side close to the winding starting point to a side far away from the winding starting point.
  • the winding starting points of the positive electrode active layer 102 and the negative electrode active layer 202 are basically the same in the vertical direction.
  • the gap between the negative electrode sheets is made up by the positive electrode active layer 102.
  • the positive electrode covers the first insulating glue layer 103 in the area of the positive electrode active layer 102 close to the winding starting point.
  • the first insulating glue layer 103 includes the first area located on the surface of the positive electrode active layer 102 away from the surface of the positive electrode current collector 101, corresponding to the negative electrode sheet.
  • the surface of the positive electrode active layer 102 is covered with the first insulating glue layer 103, which can effectively prevent the escape of lithium ions during charging.
  • the first insulating glue layer 103 extends toward the winding starting point, that is, the first insulating glue layer 103 also includes a second region connected to the first region, and the second region is disposed on the positive electrode active layer 102 close to the winding starting point. one side and located on the surface of the positive electrode current collector 101 .
  • the first insulating glue layer 103 can be disposed on the surface of the positive electrode current collector 101 and the positive electrode active layer 102 to obtain a positive electrode sheet, which is laminated with the separator and the negative electrode sheet using a conventional winding process and then rolled into shape.
  • a conventional winding process it is necessary to control the winding starting points of the positive electrode active layer 102 and the negative electrode active layer 202 to be basically the same in the vertical direction.
  • the positive electrode current collector 101, the positive electrode active layer 102 and the negative electrode sheet can all be arranged according to conventional technical means in the art, which will not be described in this application.
  • the first insulating glue layer 103 will be mainly described below:
  • the first insulating adhesive layer 103 includes a base material layer and an adhesive layer.
  • the base material layer is one or more of a polymer layer, textured paper, and glass paper.
  • the polymer layer includes polyethylene, polypropylene (BOPP). ), one or more of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyimide, polyurethane (PU), further, the polymer layer includes polyparaphenylene Ethylene glycol diformate (PET);
  • the adhesive layer is a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, including one or more of rubber, silicone, acrylate, and polyurethane. Further, the adhesive layer includes rubber pressure-sensitive adhesive.
  • the thickness of the first region and the second region is the same, specifically, it can be 4-16 ⁇ m, wherein the thickness of the base material layer can be 2-12 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the glue layer can be 2-16 ⁇ m. 14 ⁇ m.
  • Figure 4 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a wound battery provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a pole piece after straightening provided by an embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 4- 5, this embodiment uses the first insulating glue layer 103 to bridge the gap between the negative electrode sheets.
  • the positive electrode current collector 101 includes an empty foil area, an empty foil area, and a side far away from the winding start point.
  • the first insulating glue layer 103 coating area and the positive electrode active layer 102 coating area have no surface on the empty foil area.
  • the coating covers, the first insulating glue layer 103 coating area is used to set the first insulating glue layer 103, and the positive electrode active layer 102 coating area is used to set the cathode active layer 102, wherein the first insulating glue layer 103 includes interconnected
  • the first region and the second region are both located on the surface of the cathode current collector 101.
  • the first region is connected to the cathode active layer 102.
  • the end b of the first region close to the winding starting point is connected to the anode active layer 202.
  • the end surface a is located on the same plane, and the second area is located on the side of the first area close to the winding starting point.
  • the thickness of the first region should be the same as the thickness of the expanded positive electrode active layer 102. Specifically, Specifically, Specifically, the thickness of the first region is 1.03-1.08 times the thickness of the cathode active layer 102, while the thickness of the second region should not be too high, otherwise it is not conducive to winding. Specifically, the thickness of the second region is 4-16 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the insulating glue layer provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first insulating glue layer 103 is An insulating glue layer includes a base material layer 1031 and a glue layer 1032.
  • the thickness T5 of the base material layer 1031 in the first region and the second region is the same, and the thickness T3 of the glue layer 1032 in the first region is higher than the thickness T3 of the glue layer in the second region.
  • FIG 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulating adhesive layer provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first insulating adhesive layer 103 includes a base material layer 1031 and an adhesive layer 1032.
  • the thickness of the base material layer 1031 in the first region is T5. Greater than the thickness T6 of the base material layer 1031 in the second region, the thickness of the glue layer 1032 in the first region and the second region remains consistent.
  • the thickness T5 of the base material layer 1031 in the first region can be determined according to the thickness of the positive electrode active layer 102
  • the thickness T6 of the base material layer 1031 in the second region is 2-14 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness T3 (T4) of the adhesive layer 1032 in the first region and the second region is 2-12 ⁇ m.
  • the positive active layer 102 is disposed on the surface of the positive current collector 101, and then cut to make the end surfaces of the positive current collector 101 and the positive active layer 102 flush, and then the first insulating glue layer 103 is wrapped in
  • the material and size of the first insulating glue layer 103 can refer to the first embodiment.
  • the positive electrode current collector 101 includes two upper and lower surfaces. According to the winding method of the pole piece, it can be divided into a surface close to the winding center and a surface far away from the winding center.
  • the winding center refers to The center point of the wound-formed battery core is located inside the battery core.
  • the first insulating glue layer 103 on one surface of the positive electrode current collector 101 is used as an example.
  • the thickness of can be the same or different from it.
  • the thickness T1 of the first insulating adhesive layer disposed on the surface of the positive electrode current collector close to the winding center should be smaller than the thickness T1 provided on the surface of the positive electrode current collector close to the winding center.
  • Figure 10 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a wound battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery structure provided by this embodiment can be referred to Figures 2-3.
  • the difference lies in the positive electrode.
  • the position of the current collector 101 close to the starting point of winding does not include an empty foil area.
  • the winding battery structure used in this application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the structure used can be determined according to the cell design and winding process.
  • FIG 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a rolled battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the rolled battery also includes a positive electrode tab 300 provided on the surface of the positive electrode current collector 101 and a negative electrode provided on the surface of the negative electrode current collector 201.
  • the tab 400 is a metal conductor that leads out the positive and negative electrodes in the battery core. It is the contact point when the battery is charged and discharged.
  • the positive tab 300 and the negative tab 400 are vertical in the length direction of the wound battery.
  • the projection does not overlap with the vertical projection of the first insulating glue layer 103 in the length direction of the rolled battery, that is, the first insulating glue layer 103 does not extend past the tabs, thereby avoiding increasing the overall thickness of the rolled battery.
  • a second aspect of the present application provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes any of the above-mentioned wound batteries.
  • Batteries can be used as power sources or energy storage units for electronic devices.
  • Devices can be, but are not limited to, mobile devices (such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops, etc.), electric vehicles (such as pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, electric bicycles, electric scooters, electric golf golf carts, electric trucks, etc.) etc.
  • lithium-ion batteries can be used as power sources.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供一种卷绕电池和电子设备。本申请第一方面提供一种卷绕电池，包括卷绕成型的正极片和负极片，正极片包括正极集流体和第一涂层，负极片包括负极集流体和负极活性层；第一涂层包括第一绝缘胶层和正极活性层，正极活性层设置在正极集流体的表面，第一绝缘胶层与正极活性层连接，且第一绝缘胶层的至少一个横截面与负极活性层靠近卷绕起点的端面位于同一平面。本申请提供的卷绕电池，通过设置第一绝缘胶层，在满足负极过量于正极的基础上，补偿了卷绕起点负极片之间的缝隙，降低了负极片变形的风险，进而缓解了电芯在循环膨胀过程中所受应力不均匀的问题，提高了电池的使用寿命。

Description

一种卷绕电池和电子设备
本申请要求于2022年06月10日提交中国专利局、申请号为202221445672.X、申请名称为“一种卷绕电池和电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及一种卷绕电池和电子设备，涉及二次电池技术领域。
背景技术
随着5G时代的到来及二次电池的迅速发展，人们对二次电池的能量密度、快速充电能力以及充放电倍率提出了更高的要求，快充电池亦是消费类二次电池的发展趋势。伴随着消费者对二次电池能量密度和快充能力要求的提高，为防止负极片边缘析锂，负极需过量于正极3-5mm，但这样的结构导致负极片之间存在缝隙，容易发生变形，而变形的极片在电池化成过程中所承受的压力不均，导致界面粘接不良，极片表面平整度差，在长循环过程中会因为平整度问题，导致电池膨胀变形，进而引发容量衰减、膨胀失效的问题，影响电池的寿命。
发明内容
本申请提供一种卷绕电池，用于解决负极片之间存在缝隙而导致的电池寿命不佳的问题。
本申请还提供一种电子设备，包括上述卷绕电池。
本申请第一方面提供一种卷绕电池，所述卷绕电池包括卷绕成型的正极片和负极片，所述正极片包括正极集流体和设置在所述正极集流体表面的第一涂层，所述负极片包括负极集流体和设置在所述负极集流体表面的负极活 性层；
所述第一涂层包括第一绝缘胶层和正极活性层，所述正极活性层设置在所述正极集流体的表面，所述第一绝缘胶层与所述正极活性层连接，且所述第一绝缘胶层的至少一个横截面与所述负极活性层靠近卷绕起点的端面位于同一平面。
在一种具体实施方式中，所述第一绝缘胶层包括相互连接的第一区域和第二区域，所述第一区域设置在所述正极活性层远离所述正极集流体的表面，所述第二区域设置在所述正极活性层靠近卷绕起点的一侧，并设置在所述正极集流体的表面。
在一种具体实施方式中，所述第一区域和第二区域的厚度相同，所述第一区域和第二区域的厚度为4-16μm。
在一种具体实施方式中，所述第一绝缘胶层包括相互连接的第一区域和第二区域，所述第一区域和第二区域均设置在所述正极集流体的表面，所述第一区域与所述正极活性层连接，所述第一区域靠近卷绕起点的端面与所述负极活性层靠近卷绕起点的端面位于同一平面，所述第二区域位于所述第一区域靠近卷绕起点的一侧。
在一种具体实施方式中，所述第一区域的厚度为所述正极活性层厚度的1.03-1.08倍，所述第二区域的厚度为4-16μm。
在一种具体实施方式中，所述第一区域的长度为3-5mm。
在一种具体实施方式中，设置在所述正极集流体靠近卷绕中心的表面的第一绝缘胶层的厚度为T1，设置在所述正极集流体远离卷绕中心的表面的第一绝缘胶层的厚度为T2，T1＝T2，或者，(T2-T1)＝2-5μm。
在一种具体实施方式中，所述正极集流体包括涂覆区和空箔区，所述涂覆区用于设置所述第一涂层，所述空箔区位于所述涂覆区靠近卷绕中心的一侧。
在一种具体实施方式中，所述负极片靠近卷绕中心的表面设置有第二绝 缘胶层，所述正极集流体靠近卷绕起点的端部区域与所述第二绝缘胶层在卷绕电池长度方向上的竖直投影至少部分重叠。
在一种具体实施方式中，所述第一绝缘胶层包括第一区域和第二区域，所述第一区域位于所述正极活性层远离正极集流体的表面，所述第二区域与所述第一区域连接，且包裹所述正极活性层靠近卷绕起点的端面。
在一种具体实施方式中，所述卷绕电池还包括设置在所述正极集流体表面的正极极耳和设置在所述负极集流体表面的负极极耳，所述正极极耳和负极极耳在卷绕电池长度方向上的竖直投影与所述第一绝缘胶层在卷绕电池长度方向上的竖直投影不重叠。
在一种具体实施方式中，所述第一绝缘胶层的宽度大于等于所述正极活性层的宽度。
本申请第二方面提供一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括上述任一所述的卷绕电池。
本申请提供的卷绕电池，通过设置第一绝缘胶层，在满足负极过量于正极的基础上，补偿了卷绕起点负极片之间的缝隙，降低了负极片变形的风险，进而缓解了电池在循环过程中所受应力不均匀的问题，缓解了电池膨胀变形以及容量衰减的问题，提高了电池的使用寿命。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术提供的卷绕电池的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一实施例提供的卷绕电池的局部放大示意图；
图3为本申请一实施例提供的极片拉直后的结构示意图；
图4为本申请一实施例提供的卷绕电池的局部放大示意图；
图5为本申请一实施例提供的极片拉直后的结构示意图；
图6为本申请一实施例提供的绝缘胶层的结构示意图；
图7为本申请一实施例提供的绝缘胶层的结构示意图；
图8为本申请一实施例提供的卷绕电池的局部放大示意图；
图9为本申请一实施例提供的极片拉直后的结构示意图；
图10为本申请一实施例提供的卷绕电池的局部放大示意图；
图11为本申请一实施例提供的卷绕电池的局部放大示意图；
图12为本申请一实施例提供的卷绕电池的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
101-正极集流体；
102-正极活性层；
103-第一绝缘胶层；
1031-基材层；
1032-胶层；
201-负极集流体；
202-负极活性层；
203-第二绝缘胶层；
300-正极极耳；
400-负极极耳。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请的实施例，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他 实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
图1为现有技术提供的卷绕电池的结构示意图，如图1所示，卷绕电池包括正极片、负极片、隔膜和电解液，正极片、隔膜(图中未示出)和负极片依次层叠后由内向外卷绕组成电芯，正极片包括正极集流体101和设置在正极集流体101表面的正极活性层102，正极活性层102包括正极活性物质，负极片包括负极集流体201和设置在负极集流体201表面的负极活性层202，负极活性层202包括负极活性物质，通过正极活性物质与负极活性物质之间的电化学反应为电池提供容量，隔膜位于正极片和负极片之间，用于隔绝正极片和负极片接触发生短路，电芯浸入电解液中，封装后得到卷绕电池。
以锂离子电池为例，当外接电源给锂离子电池充电时，锂离子从正极活性物质中脱出，通过电解液和隔膜的传递，嵌入负极活性物质中，当负极活性物质没有足够的位置接受锂离子时，锂离子会在负极片表面析出，造成析锂，析出的锂离子会形成锂枝晶，危害锂离子电池的循环性能和安全性能，因此，常规电池结构中负极需过量于正极3-5mm，即如图1圈出的部分所示，但上述卷绕结构中，负极片之间存在缝隙，容易发生变形，变形的极片在电池化成过程中所承受的压力不均，进而导致界面粘接不良，极片表面平整度差，在长循环过程中，会因为平整度的问题导致电池膨胀变形，引发容量衰减、膨胀失效的问题，影响电池的寿命。
为了解决上述问题，本申请提供一种卷绕电池，其包括卷绕成型的正极片和负极片，正极片包括正极集流体和设置在正极集流体表面的第一涂层，负极片包括负极集流体和设置在负极集流体表面的负极活性层；
第一涂层包括第一绝缘胶层和正极活性层，正极活性层设置在正极集流体的表面，第一绝缘胶层与正极活性层连接，且第一绝缘胶层的至少一个横截面与负极活性层靠近卷绕起点的端面位于同一平面。
本申请根据正极片和负极片的卷绕方式，将极片的一端作为卷绕起点， 由内向外卷绕成型，即卷绕起点位于电芯内部，第一绝缘胶层的横截面是指按照垂直于正极集流体的方向将第一绝缘胶层切开，所露出的平面，负极活性层靠近卷绕起点的端面是指以负极活性层由宽度和厚度方向组成的两个端面中，靠近卷绕起点，即位于电芯内部一端的侧面，上述两个平面位于同一平面是指上述两个平面平齐，能够同时位于一个平面中；继续参考图1，由于设置在负极集流体201上下两个表面的负极活性层202的卷绕起点不同，负极活性层202靠近卷绕起点的端面包括设置在负极集流体201上表面的负极活性层靠近卷绕起点的端面和设置在负极集流体201下表面的负极活性层靠近卷绕起点的端面，本申请所指的端面是指上述两个端面中的一个或两个。本申请通过设置第一绝缘胶层，在满足负极过量于正极的基础上，补偿了卷绕起点负极片之间的缝隙，降低了负极片变形的风险，进而缓解了电芯在循环膨胀过程中所受应力不均匀的问题，缓解了电芯的膨胀变形以及电池容量衰减的问题，提高了电池的使用寿命。
在一种具体实施方式中，图2为本申请一实施例提供的卷绕电池的局部放大示意图，图3为本申请一实施例提供的极片拉直后的结构示意图，如图2-3所示，本实施方式通过正极活性层102弥补负极片之间的缝隙，具体地，正极集流体101由靠近卷绕起点一侧至远离卷绕起点一侧，依次包括空箔区、第一绝缘胶层103涂覆区和正极活性层102涂覆区，空箔区表面无涂层覆盖，第一绝缘胶层103涂覆区用于设置第一绝缘胶层103，正极活性层102涂覆区用于设置正极活性层102，正极活性层102与负极活性层202的卷绕起点在竖直方向上基本相同，通过正极活性层102弥补了负极片之间的缝隙，同时，为了使负极过量于正极，在正极活性层102靠近卷绕起点的区域覆盖第一绝缘胶层103，即第一绝缘胶层103包括位于正极活性层102远离正极集流体101表面的第一区域，与负极片对应的正极活性层102表面覆盖第一绝缘胶层103，可有效阻挡充电时锂离子的脱出，对应该位置的负极片就无法嵌锂，从而达到负极过量于正极，防止边缘析锂的效果；为了便于极片和电 芯的制备，第一绝缘胶层103向卷绕起点处延伸，即第一绝缘胶层103还包括与第一区域连接的第二区域，第二区域设置在正极活性层102靠近卷绕起点的一侧，并位于正极集流体101的表面。
制备过程中，可在正极集流体101和正极活性层102的表面设置第一绝缘胶层103，得到正极片，并采用常规卷绕工艺将其与隔膜和负极片依次层叠后卷绕成型，卷绕过程中，需控制正极活性层102和负极活性层202的卷绕起点在竖直方向上基本相同。
正极集流体101、正极活性层102和负极片均可根据本领域常规技术手段进行设置，本申请对此不再阐述，以下主要对第一绝缘胶层103进行阐述：
第一绝缘胶层103包括基材层和胶层，基材层为聚合物层、美纹纸、格拉幸纸中的一种或多种，其中，聚合物层包括聚乙烯、聚丙烯(BOPP)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚酰亚胺、聚氨酯(PU)、中的一种或多种，进一步地，聚合物层包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)；胶层为压敏胶层，包括橡胶、硅胶、丙烯酸酯、聚氨酯中的一种或多种，进一步地，胶层包括橡胶压敏胶。
为了便于第一绝缘胶层103的制备，第一区域和第二区域的厚度相同，具体可以为4-16μm，其中，基材层的厚度可以为2-12μm，胶层的厚度可以为2-14μm。
第一区域用于满足负极过量于正极，其长度L1为3-5mm；第一绝缘胶层103的宽度可以与正极活性层102的宽度相同，或略宽于正极活性层102的宽度。
在又一种具体实施方式中，图4为本申请一实施例提供的卷绕电池的局部放大示意图，图5为本申请一实施例提供的极片拉直后的结构示意图，如图4-5所示，本实施方式通过第一绝缘胶层103弥补负极片之间的缝隙，具体地，正极集流体101由靠近卷绕起点一侧至远离卷绕起点一侧，依次包括空箔区、第一绝缘胶层103涂覆区和正极活性层102涂覆区，空箔区表面无 涂层覆盖，第一绝缘胶层103涂覆区用于设置第一绝缘胶层103，正极活性层102涂覆区用于设置正极活性层102，其中，第一绝缘胶层103包括相互连接的第一区域和第二区域，第一区域和第二区域均位于正极集流体101的表面，第一区域与正极活性层102连接，第一区域靠近卷绕起点的端面b与负极活性层202的端面a位于同一平面，第二区域位于第一区域靠近卷绕起点的一侧。
与第一种实施方式相同，第一区域的长度L1为3-5mm，第二区域的长度L2可根据极片卷绕工艺进行设置，第一绝缘胶层103同样包括基材层1031和胶层1032，所使用的材料、宽度与第一种实施方式均相同。
由于第一区域用于弥补负极片之间的缝隙，而正极活性层102在电池循环过程中会发生体积膨胀，因此，第一区域的厚度应当与膨胀后的正极活性层102的厚度相同，具体地，第一区域的厚度为正极活性层102厚度的1.03-1.08倍，而第二区域的厚度不宜过高，否则不利于卷绕，具体地，第二区域的厚度为4-16μm。
为了满足上述厚度要求，本实施方式提供了一种斧头状的第一绝缘胶层103，具体地，图6为本申请一实施例提供的绝缘胶层的结构示意图，如图6所示，第一绝缘胶层包括基材层1031和胶层1032，第一区域和第二区域的基材层1031的厚度T5相同，而第一区域的胶层1032的厚度T3高于第二区域的胶层1032的厚度T4，具体地，第一区域的胶层1032的厚度T3根据正极活性层102的厚度来改变，第二区域的胶层1032的厚度T4为2-14μm，基材层1031的厚度T5为2-12μm。
图7为本申请一实施例提供的绝缘胶层的结构示意图，如图7所示，第一绝缘胶层103包括基材层1031和胶层1032，第一区域的基材层1031的厚度T5大于第二区域的基材层1031的厚度T6，第一区域和第二区域的胶层1032的厚度保持一致，具体地，第一区域的基材层1031的厚度T5可以根据正极活性层102的厚度来改变，第二区域的基材层1031的厚度T6为2-14μm， 第一区域和第二区域的胶层1032的厚度T3(T4)为2-12μm。
在又一种具体实施方式中，图8为本申请一实施例提供的卷绕电池的局部放大示意图，图9为本申请一实施例提供的极片拉直后的结构示意图，如图8-9所示，本申请通过正极活性层102弥补负极片之间的缝隙，具体地，正极集流体101靠近卷绕起点的一侧不包括空箔区，正极集流体101与正极活性层102靠近卷绕起点的端部平齐，正极活性层102与负极活性层202的卷绕起点在竖直方向上基本相同，第一绝缘胶层103包括相互连接的第一区域和第二区域，第一区域位于正极活性层102远离正极集流体101的表面，第二区域与第一区域连接，且包裹正极活性层102靠近卷绕起点的端面。
本实施方式在制备过程中，在正极集流体101的表面设置正极活性层102，随后进行切割，使正极集流体101和正极活性层102的端面平齐，随后将第一绝缘胶层103包裹在正极片靠近卷绕起点的端部，第一绝缘胶层103的材料和尺寸均可参考第一种实施方式。
继续参考图3、5、9，正极集流体101包括上下两个表面，根据极片卷绕方式，可将其分为靠近卷绕中心的表面和远离卷绕中心的表面，卷绕中心是指卷绕成型的电芯的中心点，位于电芯内部，上述实施方式中均以正极集流体101一个表面的第一绝缘胶层103为例进行说明，对于另一表面的第一绝缘胶层103的厚度可以与其相同或不同，具体地，设置在正极集流体靠近卷绕中心的表面的第一绝缘胶层的厚度为T1，设置在正极集流体远离卷绕中心的表面的第一绝缘胶层的厚度为T2，当设置在正极集流体两个表面的第一绝缘胶层103的厚度相同时，T1＝T2，当设置在正极集流体两个表面的第一绝缘胶层103的厚度不同时，由于靠近卷绕中心的表面的弯折弧度较大，为了防止第一绝缘胶层103出现褶皱，设置在正极集流体靠近卷绕中心的表面的第一绝缘胶层的厚度T1应小于设置在正极集流体远离卷绕中心的表面的第一绝缘胶层的厚度T2，具体地，(T2-T1)＝2-5μm。
继续参考图2和图4，当正极集流体101靠近卷绕起点的区域存在空箔 区时，为了防止正极集流体101头部的毛刺刺穿隔膜，与负极片接触发生短路，在负极片靠近卷绕中心的表面设置有第二绝缘胶层203，正极集流体101靠近卷绕中心的端部区域与第二绝缘胶层203在卷绕电池长度方向上的竖直投影至少部分重叠，起到保护负极片的作用。
在又一种具体实施方式中，图10为本申请一实施例提供的卷绕电池的局部放大示意图，如图10所示，本实施方式提供的电池结构可参考图2-3，区别在于正极集流体101靠近卷绕起点的位置不包括空箔区。
在又一种具体实施方式中，图11为本申请一实施例提供的卷绕电池的局部放大示意图，如图11所示，本实施方式提供的电池结构可参考图4-5，区别在于正极集流体101靠近卷绕起点的位置不包括空箔区。
本申请所使用的卷绕电池结构并不局限于上述几种实施方式，所使用的结构根据电芯设计以及卷绕工艺确定即可。
图12为本申请一实施例提供的卷绕电池的结构示意图，如图12所示，卷绕电池还包括设置在正极集流体101表面的正极极耳300和设置在负极集流体201表面的负极极耳400，其作为电芯中将正负极引出来的金属导电体，是电池在进行充放电时的接触点，正极极耳300和负极极耳400在卷绕电池长度方向上的竖直投影与第一绝缘胶层103在卷绕电池长度方向上的竖直投影不重叠，即第一绝缘胶层103不过极耳，避免增加卷绕电池的整体厚度。
当正极集流体101包括靠近卷绕中心的空箔区时，设置在负极集流体表面的第二绝缘胶层203与正极极耳300和负极极耳400在卷绕电池长度方向上的竖直投影也不发生重叠。
本申请提供的卷绕电池，通过设置第一绝缘胶层，在满足负极过量于正极的基础上，补偿了卷绕起点负极片之间的缝隙，降低了负极片变形的风险，进而缓解了电池在循环过程中所受应力不均匀的问题，缓解了电池膨胀变形以及容量衰减的问题，提高了电池的寿命。
本申请第二方面提供一种电子设备，电子设备包括上述任一的卷绕电池。
电池可以用作电子设备的电源或能量存储单元。设备可以但不限于是移动设备(例如手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑等)、电动车辆(例如纯电动车、混合动力电动车、插电式混合动力电动车、电动自行车、电动踏板车、电动高尔夫球车、电动卡车等)等。
对于手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑等移动设备，通常要求轻薄化，可以采用锂离子电池作为电源。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种卷绕电池，其中，所述卷绕电池包括卷绕成型的正极片和负极片，所述正极片包括正极集流体和设置在所述正极集流体表面的第一涂层，所述负极片包括负极集流体和设置在所述负极集流体表面的负极活性层；
    所述第一涂层包括第一绝缘胶层和正极活性层，所述正极活性层设置在所述正极集流体的表面，所述第一绝缘胶层与所述正极活性层连接，且所述第一绝缘胶层的至少一个横截面与所述负极活性层靠近卷绕起点的端面位于同一平面。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的卷绕电池，其中，所述第一绝缘胶层包括相互连接的第一区域和第二区域，所述第一区域设置在所述正极活性层远离所述正极集流体的表面，所述第二区域设置在所述正极活性层靠近卷绕起点的一侧，并设置在所述正极集流体的表面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的卷绕电池，其中，所述第一区域和第二区域的厚度相同，所述第一区域和第二区域的厚度为4-16μm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的卷绕电池，其中，所述第一绝缘胶层包括相互连接的第一区域和第二区域，所述第一区域和第二区域均设置在所述正极集流体的表面，所述第一区域与所述正极活性层连接，所述第一区域靠近卷绕起点的端面与所述负极活性层靠近卷绕起点的端面位于同一平面，所述第二区域位于所述第一区域靠近卷绕起点的一侧。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的卷绕电池，其中，所述第一区域的厚度为所述正极活性层厚度的1.03-1.08倍，所述第二区域的厚度为4-16μm。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的卷绕电池，其中，所述第一区域的长度为3-5mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的卷绕电池，其中，设置在所述正极集流体靠近卷绕中心的表面的第一绝缘胶层的厚度为T1，设置在所述正极集流 体远离卷绕中心的表面的第一绝缘胶层的厚度为T2，T1＝T2，或者，(T2-T1)＝2-5μm。
  8. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的卷绕电池，其中，所述正极集流体包括涂覆区和空箔区，所述涂覆区用于设置所述第一涂层，所述空箔区位于所述涂覆区靠近卷绕中心的一侧。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的卷绕电池，其中，所述负极片靠近卷绕中心的表面设置有第二绝缘胶层，所述正极集流体靠近卷绕起点的端部区域与所述第二绝缘胶层在卷绕电池长度方向上的竖直投影至少部分重叠。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的卷绕电池，其中，所述第一绝缘胶层包括第一区域和第二区域，所述第一区域位于所述正极活性层远离正极集流体的表面，所述第二区域与所述第一区域连接，且包裹所述正极活性层靠近卷绕起点的端面。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的卷绕电池，其中，所述卷绕电池还包括设置在所述正极集流体表面的正极极耳和设置在所述负极集流体表面的负极极耳，所述正极极耳和负极极耳在卷绕电池长度方向上的竖直投影与所述第一绝缘胶层在卷绕电池长度方向上的竖直投影不重叠。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的卷绕电池，其中，所述第一绝缘胶层的宽度大于等于所述正极活性层的宽度。
  13. 一种电子设备，其中，所述电子设备包括权利要求1-12任一项所述的卷绕电池。
PCT/CN2023/078740 2022-06-10 2023-02-28 一种卷绕电池和电子设备 Ceased WO2023236592A1 (zh)

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WO2024055733A1 (zh) * 2022-09-15 2024-03-21 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 一种卷芯及电池
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