WO2023239206A1 - 도금품질이 우수한 고강도 용융아연도금강판, 도금용 강판 및 이들의 제조방법 - Google Patents
도금품질이 우수한 고강도 용융아연도금강판, 도금용 강판 및 이들의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023239206A1 WO2023239206A1 PCT/KR2023/007967 KR2023007967W WO2023239206A1 WO 2023239206 A1 WO2023239206 A1 WO 2023239206A1 KR 2023007967 W KR2023007967 W KR 2023007967W WO 2023239206 A1 WO2023239206 A1 WO 2023239206A1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to high-strength hot-dip galvanized steel sheets with excellent plating quality, steel sheets for plating to manufacture them, and methods for manufacturing them.
- Martensitic steel and TRIP steel have been developed as steel materials that can be preferably applied as automotive steel materials.
- These high-strength steels contain a variety of alloying elements compared to general steel. In particular, elements with a higher oxidation tendency compared to Fe, such as Mn, Si, Al, Cr, and B, are added.
- the plating quality is determined by the surface condition of the annealed steel sheet just before plating.
- the surface during annealing is caused by elements such as Mn, Si, Al, Cr, and B added to secure the physical properties of the steel sheet.
- Plating properties deteriorate due to oxide formation. That is, during the annealing process, the elements diffuse to the surface and react with trace amounts of oxygen or water vapor present in the annealing furnace to form single or complex oxides of the elements on the surface of the steel sheet, thereby reducing the reactivity of the surface.
- the surface of the annealed steel sheet with low reactivity interferes with the wettability of the hot-dip galvanizing bath, causing non-plating where the plating metal does not adhere locally or entirely to the surface of the galvanized steel sheet. Additionally, these oxides are necessary to ensure adhesion of the plating layer during the hot-dip galvanizing process. Due to insufficient formation of the alloying suppression layer (Fe 2 Al 5 ), the plating quality of the plated steel sheet is greatly reduced, such as peeling of the plating layer.
- the alloying suppression layer Fe 2 Al 5
- Patent Document 1 controls the air-fuel ratio of air and fuel to 0.80 to 0.95 during the annealing process, oxidizes the steel sheet in a direct flame furnace in an oxidizing atmosphere, and Si, Mn, or Al to a certain depth inside the steel sheet.
- a technology is proposed to provide hot-dip galvanized or alloyed hot-dip galvanized steel sheets with excellent plating quality by forming iron oxides alone or containing complex oxides, then reducing and annealing the iron oxides in a reducing atmosphere, and then performing hot-dip galvanizing. .
- Patent Document 2 states that the dew point in the annealing furnace is maintained high and alloy components such as Mn, Si, and Al, which are easily oxidized, are internally oxidized inside the steel.
- a method is proposed to improve plating properties by reducing external oxidation on the surface of a steel sheet after annealing.
- the method according to Patent Document 2 can solve the plating problem caused by the external oxidation of Si, which is easy to internally oxidize, but when a large amount of Mn, which is relatively difficult to internally oxidize, is added, the effect is minimal. .
- linear non-plating may occur due to surface oxide formed unevenly on the surface, or when hot-dip galvannealed steel sheet (GA steel sheet) is manufactured through alloying heat treatment after plating. Problems such as linear defects due to non-uniform alloying may occur on the surface of the hot-dip galvannealed steel sheet.
- Another prior art is a method of suppressing the diffusion of alloy elements to the surface during annealing by performing Ni pre-plating before annealing.
- this method is also effective in suppressing the diffusion of Mn, but has the problem of not sufficiently suppressing the diffusion of Si.
- Patent Document 1 Korean Patent Publication No. 2010-0030627
- Patent Document 2 Korean Patent Publication No. 2009-0006881
- a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet with excellent plating quality in which no non-plating occurs and the plating layer peels off, and a method for manufacturing the same are provided.
- a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet that can be manufactured into a hot-dip galvannealed steel sheet with excellent surface quality without linear defects occurring even when alloying heat treatment is performed after plating, and a method for manufacturing the same are provided.
- a steel sheet for plating and a method for manufacturing the same are provided, which can produce a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet having excellent plating quality.
- the steel sheet for plating according to one aspect of the present invention has, in weight percent, Mn: 1.0-8.0%, Si: 0.05-3%, C: 0.06-0.4%, Al: 0.005-3.0%, P: 0.04% or less, S : 0.015% or less, Cr: 1.5% or less, B: 0.005% or less, with a composition containing the remainder of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the GDS profile of the Mn component and the GDS profile of the Si component observed in the depth direction from the surface are sequentially respectively It includes a maximum point and a minimum point, where the Mn concentration at the maximum point of the GDS profile of the Mn component is divided by the Mn concentration of the base material, and the Mn concentration at the minimum point of the GDS profile of the Mn component is divided by the Mn concentration of the base material.
- the difference is 10% or more, and the Si concentration at the maximum point of the GDS profile of the Si component is divided by the Si concentration of the base material and the Si concentration at the minimum point of the GDS profile of the Si component is The difference between the value divided by the Si concentration of the base material (difference in converted concentration of Si) may be 10% or more.
- the 5 ⁇ m depth point is considered the point where the minimum point appears.
- a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet which is another aspect of the present invention, may include the above-described steel sheet for plating and a hot-dip galvanized layer formed on the steel sheet for plating.
- the method for manufacturing steel sheets for plating is by weight percentage: Mn: 1.0-8.0%, Si: 0.05-3%, C: 0.06-0.4%, Al: 0.005-3.0%, P: 0.04%.
- the manufacturing method of hot-dip galvanized steel sheet is by weight percentage, Mn: 1.0-8.0%, Si: 0.05-3%, C: 0.06-0.4%, Al: 0.005-3.0%, P: Preparing base iron having a composition including 0.04% or less, S: 0.015% or less, Cr: 1.5% or less, B: 0.005% or less, balance Fe and inevitable impurities; Performing electroplating on the base iron to form an Fe plating layer containing 5 to 50% by weight of oxygen; The base iron on which the Fe plating layer is formed is annealed in an annealing furnace in a 1 to 70% H 2 -remaining N 2 gas atmosphere controlled to a dew point temperature of less than -20° C. and maintained at 600 to 950° C. for 5 to 120 seconds to produce a steel sheet for plating. steps to obtain; And it may include immersing the steel sheet for plating in a zinc plating bath.
- the present invention provides a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet that significantly improves the phenomenon of non-plating during hot-dip galvanizing and improves plating adhesion by forming a pre-plating layer and controlling the concentration profile of the Mn and Si components inside. can be provided.
- linear defects, etc. on the surface of the obtained hot-dip galvanized steel sheet can be prevented even if alloying heat treatment is performed on the hot-dip galvanized steel sheet of the present invention, thereby producing an alloyed hot-dip galvanized steel sheet with excellent surface quality. can be provided.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the GDS profile of Mn and Si components measured after removing the plating layer of a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet made from a cold-rolled steel sheet electroplated with Fe.
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the annealing process of a base steel sheet on which an oxygen-containing Fe plating layer is formed.
- the concentration of each element in the present invention unless otherwise specified, it means weight%.
- the Fe electroplating amount is the plating amount measured as the total amount of Fe contained in the plating layer per unit area, and oxygen and inevitable impurities in the plating layer are not included in the plating amount.
- the concentration and concentration profile referred to in the present invention refers to the concentration and concentration profile measured using GDS, that is, a glow discharge optical emission spectrometer.
- the cause of non-plating and deterioration of plating adhesion in steel sheets containing large amounts of Mn and Si is due to surface oxides generated by oxidation of alloy elements such as Mn and Si on the surface during the process of annealing cold-rolled steel sheets at high temperatures. It is known.
- the oxidation-reduction method is oxidized during heating and then reduced by maintaining it in a reducing atmosphere, or applying iron oxide to the surface of the base metal. Methods such as coating and heat treatment can be used.
- the iron oxide firmly formed on the surface of the base metal is not only FeO but also a mixture of Fe 3 O 4 and Fe 2 O 3 that are difficult to reduce, and while the surface is reduced to metallic iron during the annealing process in a reducing atmosphere, the iron oxide layer and The base iron interface has a slow reduction rate, so it is difficult to completely reduce, and Mn and Si oxides accumulate at the interface to form a continuous oxide layer. Although wettability with molten zinc is improved, the oxide layer easily crumbles, forming a plating layer. This peeling problem may occur.
- Mn and Si oxides are preferentially formed on the steel surface during the heat treatment process. Then, Mn and Si are oxidized by oxygen diffused into the steel, thereby suppressing surface diffusion. Therefore, a thin oxide film is formed on the surface of the base iron, but if the surface of the cold rolled steel sheet before annealing is not completely homogeneous, or if local deviations in oxygen partial pressure, temperature, etc. occur, the wettability is uneven during hot dip galvanizing, resulting in non-plating. , If the alloying degree difference occurs due to non-uniform thickness of the oxide film during the alloying heat treatment after galvanizing, linear defects that can be easily identified with the naked eye tend to occur.
- the present inventors attempted to manufacture a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet with a beautiful surface and no plating peeling problem by controlling the presence of Mn and Si, which are oxidizing elements, on the surface of the steel sheet for plating as follows. .
- the steel sheet according to one embodiment of the present invention may have the following characteristics in the GDS concentration profile of Mn and Si.
- the steel sheet for plating of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the GDS profile in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a typical GDS profile of an alloy component that may appear from the surface after removing the zinc plating layer from a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet including the steel sheet of the present invention and a GDS profile of the alloy component in cases outside the scope of the present invention.
- This is the graph shown.
- the vertical axis represents the concentration of alloy elements such as Mn and Si
- the horizontal axis represents depth.
- the steel sheet of the present invention has a very low Mn concentration on the surface, and has a form in which maximum points and minimum points appear sequentially in the depth direction from the surface.
- concentration gradient may not necessarily mean that the maximum points appear first in the depth direction from the surface (interface).
- the minimum points may appear first, but it means that the maximum points and minimum points must appear sequentially.
- the minimum point may not appear, and in this case, the internal concentration in the 5 ⁇ m depth area may be set as the minimum point concentration.
- the concentration of alloy elements on the surface has a lower value than the concentration of the maximum point, but in some cases, a minimum point with a low alloy element concentration may appear between the surface and the maximum point.
- the surface layer corresponds to the Fe plating layer with a low concentration of alloying elements because the alloying elements do not diffuse much from the base iron, and the maximum point is between the Fe plating layer and the base iron. It corresponds to the area where the internal oxides of the alloy elements formed near the interface are concentrated, and the minimum point that appears on the base iron side of the Fe plating layer is the maximum point where the alloy elements diffuse into the Fe plating layer that does not contain alloy elements and are diluted, or internal oxidation occurs. This corresponds to an area where the alloying elements have diffused and been depleted.
- the maximum point may be formed at a depth of 0.05 to 1.0 ⁇ m from the surface of the steel plate. If a maximum point appears in a deeper area than this, it may not be judged to be a maximum point due to the effect of the present invention.
- the minimum point may be formed within a depth of 5 ⁇ m from the surface of the steel plate. As described above, if the minimum point is not formed at a point within a depth of 5 ⁇ m, the 5 ⁇ m depth can be set as the point at which the minimum point is formed. Since the concentration at a depth of 5 ⁇ m is substantially the same as the concentration of the base material, it can be viewed as the point where the concentration does not decrease any further.
- the maximum point converted concentration and minimum point converted concentration values of Mn and Si may each be 10% or more.
- the difference in converted concentration by controlling the difference in converted concentration to a certain level or more, it is possible to prevent oxides of Mn and Si from being formed on the surface, making it possible to manufacture an ultra-high-strength hot-dip galvanized steel sheet with a beautiful surface and good plating adhesion, Even if the alloying heat treatment process is performed later, the occurrence of defects such as linear defects on the surface can be suppressed.
- the larger the difference between the converted concentration values the more advantageous it is, so there is no need to set an upper limit on the value.
- the difference in the converted concentration values can be set to 200% or less for both Mn and Si.
- the converted concentration difference between Mn and Si may be 15% or more or 20% or more.
- a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet is sheared to a size of 30 to 50 mm in length, and the galvanized layer is removed by immersing it in a 5 to 10% by weight aqueous hydrochloric acid solution at room temperature of 20 to 25°C.
- aqueous hydrochloric acid solution at room temperature of 20 to 25°C.
- the acid solution was removed within 10 seconds, and the base iron was washed with pure water and dried.
- it is a steel sheet for plating that has not yet been hot-dip galvanized, it can be analyzed without removing the plating layer.
- the GDS concentration profile measures the concentrations of all components contained in the steel sheet every 1 to 5 nm in the direction of the steel sheet thickness.
- the measured GDS profile may contain irregular noise.
- a Gaussian filter with a cutoff value of 100 nm was applied to the measured concentration profile to obtain an average concentration profile, and the noise was removed. From the profile, the concentration values and depths of the maximum and minimum concentration points were respectively obtained.
- the maximum and minimum points mentioned in the present invention are calculated as maximum and minimum points only when there is a difference of more than 10 nm in the depth direction.
- the steel sheet for plating that is the object of the present invention may include base iron and an Fe plating layer formed on the base iron.
- the composition of the base iron is not particularly limited.
- plating properties can be advantageously improved by the present invention.
- the upper limit of the Mn concentration of base iron is not particularly limited, but considering the composition commonly used, the upper limit can be limited to 8% by weight.
- the lower limit of the concentration of Mn is not particularly limited, but in compositions containing less than 1.0% by weight of Mn, the surface quality of the hot-dip galvanized steel sheet is excellent even without forming an Fe plating layer, so there is no need to perform Fe electroplating.
- the upper limit of Si concentration is not particularly limited, but considering the composition commonly used, the upper limit can be limited to 3.0% by weight or less. If the Si concentration is less than 0.05% by weight, the quality of hot-dip galvanizing is reduced even if the method of the present invention is not performed. Because of this beauty, there is no need to carry out the method of the present invention.
- Mn and Si are elements that affect plating properties, their concentrations can be limited as described above, but the present invention does not specifically limit the remaining components of base iron.
- the composition of the base iron is expressed in weight%, Mn: 1.0 to 8.0. %, Si: 0.05 to 3.0%, C: 0.06 to 0.4% (preferably 0.07 to 0.4%, more preferably 0.08 to 0.4%), Al: 0.005 to 3.0%, P: 0.04% or less, S: 0.015%
- N 0.01% or less
- Cr 1.5% or less
- B 0.005% or less
- P, S, and N are advantageous as they are not added as impurities.
- Cr and B are optional elements and do not need to be added, so there is no separate lower limit.
- Manganese (Mn) is an element added to ensure strength. If the Mn content is less than 1.0%, it becomes difficult to secure strength. On the other hand, if the Mn content exceeds 8.0%, the bainite transformation rate is slowed, resulting in the formation of too much fresh martensite and making it difficult to obtain high hole expandability. In addition, a band structure is formed due to segregation of Mn, which impairs the material uniformity and formability of the material. Therefore, it is preferable that the Mn content ranges from 1.0 to 8.0%. It is more preferable that the lower limit of the Mn content is 1.5%.
- Silicon (Si) is a useful element for increasing the strength of steel sheets through solid solution strengthening and precipitation hardening. Because it suppresses the formation of cementite, it has the effect of promoting C enrichment in austenite, and is an essential element for increasing the strength and elongation of steel by generating retained austenite after annealing. If the Si content exceeds 3.0%, the physical properties of the weld zone deteriorate due to LME cracking, and the surface properties and plating properties of the steel deteriorate. Therefore, the Si content is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 3.0%.
- Carbon (C) is an element that secures the strength of steel through solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening, and is an effective element to secure high elongation by stabilizing residual austenite. If the C content is less than 0.05%, a tensile strength of 1500 MPa cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 0.4%, a steel sheet cannot be manufactured by cold rolling. Therefore, the appropriate C content is 0.06 to 0.4%. Meanwhile, it is more preferable that the C content ranges from 0.2% to 0.4%.
- Aluminum (Al) is an element that has a deoxidizing effect on molten steel, and, similar to Si, has the effect of improving the stability of austenite and is effective in increasing elongation.
- the Al content is set to 3.0% or less. In another embodiment of the present invention, the Al may be limited to 2.0% or less, or 1.0% or less.
- Phosphorus (P) is contained as an impurity and segregates at grain boundaries to reduce toughness. Therefore, it is desirable to control the content as low as possible. In addition, if P is added excessively, the toughness of the steel deteriorates, so in the present invention, it is preferable to limit the upper limit to 0.04% to prevent this. In the present invention, it is advantageous to not add P, so there is no need to specifically set a lower limit for the P content. However, when considering conventional manufacturing methods, the lower limit of the P content may be set at 0.002%. In one embodiment of the present invention, the upper limit of the P content may be set at 0.0173%.
- S Sulfur
- S is contained as an impurity in steel.
- S combines with Mn to form inclusions, which reduces hole expandability and may also reduce weldability and hot rolling properties, so it is advantageous to control it as low as possible. Therefore, the S content can be limited to 0.01% or less, taking into account unavoidable inclusion.
- the lower limit of the S content may be set to 0.0009%.
- the upper limit of the S content can be set at 0.0021%.
- N nitrogen
- the lower limit of the N content may be set at 0.0005%.
- the upper limit of the N content may be 0.007%, and may also be 0.006% or 0.0052%.
- Chromium (Cr) is an element effective in improving strength. It suppresses the formation of carbides and makes it easier to secure retained austenite.
- Cr content exceeds 1.5%, although local corrosiveness deteriorates, surface oxides are formed, impairing phosphate treatment properties. Therefore, it is preferable that the Cr content is in the range of 1.5% or less. More preferably, it is 1.0% or less.
- B Boron
- the amount of B added may be 0.0001% or more. If the amount of B added is excessive, hot rolling properties decrease and B is excessively accumulated on the surface, thereby impairing plating properties. Therefore, it is preferable that the B content is in the range of 0.005% or less.
- high strength is used to include both cases where high strength is obtained after annealing, as well as cases where high strength can be obtained through heat treatment in subsequent processes. Additionally, in the present invention, high strength may mean 490 MPa or more based on tensile strength, but is not limited thereto.
- the base iron may further contain elements such as Ti, Mo, and Nb in a total amount of 1.0% or less.
- a cold-rolled steel sheet or a hot-rolled steel sheet can be used as the base iron.
- martensitic steel or TRIP steel may be used as the cold rolled steel sheet or hot rolled steel sheet.
- the cold rolled steel sheet or hot rolled steel sheet contains 30 to 70% by volume of tempered martensite, 5 to 45% by volume of bainite, 10 to 40% by volume of retained austenite, and 20% by volume or less of ferrite. It may have a microstructure containing phases. As the microstructure contains more than 30% by volume of tempered martensite, high strength can be achieved while ensuring hole expandability. In addition, when residual austenite is included in an amount of 10% by volume or more, the transformation induced plasticity phenomenon caused by retained austenite can be utilized, thereby greatly improving elongation.
- Bainite is included to form retained austenite and secure strength, and must be included in an amount of 5% by volume or more, and ferrite improves mechanical properties by improving elongation and refining old austenite grains, as well as reducing C in retained austenite. It may be included as needed to increase concentration and stabilize retained austenite. However, if the ratio of the ferrite phase exceeds 20% by volume, the difference in hardness between the phases and the tempered martensite, which is the base structure, may increase and bendability and hole expandability may deteriorate, so the ratio can be limited to 20% by volume or less. In some cases, the ferrite phase may be included in an amount of 3% by volume or more. If the ratio of each phase is too high, the ratio of other phases can be limited to less than an appropriate range, so the upper limit can be limited as described above.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet or cold-rolled steel sheet having the above-described microstructure is not necessarily limited thereto, but can be manufactured by the following process.
- Mn 1.0 to 8.0%
- Si 0.05 to 3.0%
- C 0.06 to 0.4% (preferably 0.07 to 0.4%, more preferably 0.08 to 0.4%)
- Al 0.005 to 3.0%.
- P 0.04% or less
- S 0.015% or less
- N 0.0% or less
- Cr 1.5% or less
- B 0.005% or less
- the heated steel slab can be made into a hot-rolled steel sheet through a process including hot-rolling the heated steel slab to obtain a steel sheet and winding the hot-rolled steel sheet.
- a cold rolled steel sheet cold rolling the hot rolled steel sheet; Maintaining the cold rolled steel sheet in the soaking section for 50 to 500 seconds; The maintained steel sheet is cooled to a temperature between 100 and 300°C at a cooling rate of 1°C/s or more (in some cases, it may be limited to 3000°C/s or less, 2000°C/s or less, or 1000°C/s or less). cooling; It can be manufactured by a process that includes heating the cooled steel sheet to a temperature between 300 and 600°C and maintaining it for more than 50 seconds (in some cases, it may be limited to 3000 seconds or less or 2000 seconds or less).
- a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet including the steel sheet for plating may be provided, and the hot-dip galvanized steel sheet may include a steel sheet for plating and a hot-dip galvanized layer formed on the surface of the steel sheet for plating.
- any commonly used hot-dip galvanized steel sheet can be applied, and the type is not particularly limited.
- the steel sheet for plating includes preparing base iron; Performing electroplating on the base iron to form an Fe plating layer containing 5 to 50% by weight of oxygen; It can be manufactured by a process including the step of obtaining a steel sheet for plating by annealing the base iron on which the Fe plating layer is formed.
- This phenomenon is due to the formation of an Fe plating layer with a high oxygen content before annealing. That is, when the iron electroplating layer contains 5 to 50% by weight of oxygen, when annealed in an annealing furnace in a reducing atmosphere, oxygen in the iron electroplating layer removes alloy elements such as Mn and Si that diffuse to the surface within the base iron. It is oxidized and accumulates at the interface between the iron electroplating layer and the base iron. Therefore, as shown in the graph of FIG. 1, when the concentration is measured with GDS, a maximum point with high concentrations of Mn, Si, etc. is confirmed at a depth corresponding to the thickness of the iron electroplating layer from the surface.
- alloy elements with a slow diffusion rate such as Mn
- Mn metal-organic compound
- Si diffuses rapidly from the inside during the annealing process, and internal oxidation continues to occur at the interface between the iron electroplating layer and the base iron, causing oxides to accumulate, so a minimum point may not be identified in the GDS concentration analysis. Therefore, the fact that a minimum point does not appear in the GDS concentration profile means that alloy elements such as Mn and Si were oxidized by the iron electroplating layer and effectively suppressed diffusion to the surface.
- the uniformly formed iron electroplating layer suppresses the formation of surface oxides and reduces the concentration of alloying elements such as Mn and Si dissolved on the surface of the steel sheet, promoting alloying reaction with the zinc plating layer, resulting in uniform alloying hot dip coating without surface defects. You can get a steel plate.
- the annealing internal oxidation method does not form a layered oxide layer, so it has excellent properties in improving plating adhesion during hot-dip galvanizing of ultra-high strength steel sheets containing large amounts of alloying elements such as Mn and Si. Since water vapor inevitably first oxidizes the surface of the steel sheet and then oxygen penetrates into it, surface oxide cannot be fundamentally removed. As a result, if the surface of the cold-rolled steel sheet is not completely homogeneous before annealing, or if local deviations in oxygen partial pressure, temperature, etc. occur during annealing, non-plating may occur due to uneven wettability with the hot-dip galvanizing solution, or alloying heat treatment after galvanizing. During the process, the thickness of the oxide film is non-uniform, which may cause differences in alloying degree, causing linear defects that can be easily identified with the naked eye.
- an iron electroplating layer containing 5 to 50% by weight of oxygen is applied to the base iron. It is recommended to form an Fe plating layer at 0.5 to 3.0 g/m 2 based on the amount of iron attached, raise the temperature to 600 to 950°C to ensure the mechanical properties of the steel sheet, cool it again, and perform hot dip plating.
- the Fe plating layer can be formed through a continuous plating process, and the Fe plating amount at this time can be 0.5 to 3.0 g/m 2 based on the Fe adhesion amount. If the Fe plating amount is less than 0.5 g/m 2 , the effect of suppressing the diffusion of alloy elements by the Fe plating layer may be insufficient in a normal continuous annealing process. In addition, even if it exceeds 3.0 g/m 2 , the suppression effect of alloy elements can be further increased, but multiple plating cells must be operated to secure a high plating amount, and when an insoluble anode is used, the electroplating solution becomes rapidly acidic. This reduces plating efficiency and creates sludge, making it uneconomical.
- the Fe plating amount may be 1.0 to 2.0 g/m 2 .
- an internal oxide is formed at the interface or directly below the interface between the Fe plating layer and the base iron, so the maximum point of Mn and Si concentration exists in the region of 0.05 to 1.0 ⁇ m.
- the Fe plating amount of 0.5 to 3.0 g/m 2 of the present invention may correspond to a thickness of 0.05 to 0.4 ⁇ m after annealing.
- the Fe plating layer with the above-described high oxygen concentration controls the temperature, dew point temperature, and atmosphere of the subsequent annealing process, so that maximum and minimum points are formed in the GDS concentration profile of Mn and Si elements inside the steel sheet for plating, and the maximum point and minimum point are formed at the maximum point.
- the converted concentration and the converted concentration at the minimum point can satisfy the numerical range limited in one embodiment of the present invention.
- the oxygen concentration in the Fe plating layer may be 5 to 50% by weight, and in another embodiment, it may be 10 to 40% by weight. In order to obtain the surface oxide suppression effect, the amount of oxygen in the Fe plating layer must be sufficiently high.
- the surface oxide suppression effect can be obtained by increasing the Fe plating amount.
- plating must be performed in excess of 3.0 g/m 2 , so various problems described above may occur. You can.
- the oxygen content in the Fe plating layer is 5% by weight. Control as above.
- the surface oxide suppression effect during annealing can further increase.
- the upper limit is limited to 50% by weight. can do.
- the oxygen concentration in the Fe plating layer may be limited to 10 to 40%.
- the annealing temperature may be 600°C to 950°C based on the temperature of the steel sheet in the crack zone. If the annealing temperature is too low, the structure of the cold rolled steel sheet cannot be properly recovered and recrystallized, making it difficult to secure mechanical properties such as strength and elongation of the steel sheet. If the annealing temperature exceeds 950°C, alloy elements in the steel quickly diffuse to the surface, forming molten zinc. Plating quality deteriorates and operation is performed at unnecessarily high temperatures, making it uneconomical.
- the dew point inside the annealing furnace is not necessarily limited thereto, but may be less than -20°C. If the dew point temperature is maintained below -20°C, it is economical because a separate humidification device is not needed to increase the dew point.
- the dew point temperature is not specifically determined.
- the lower limit of the dew point can be set at -90°C.
- the dew point when the temperature of the steel sheet is 600 to 950 ° C, the dew point may be -70 to -30 ° C.
- the hydrogen concentration in the atmospheric gas during annealing can be set to 1% or more by volume.
- the hydrogen concentration is less than 1%, trace amounts of oxygen inevitably contained in H 2 and N 2 gas cannot be effectively oxidized and removed, thereby increasing the oxygen partial pressure, which may cause surface oxidation of base iron.
- the hydrogen concentration exceeds 70%, the risk of explosion in case of gas leakage and the cost of high hydrogen work increase, so the hydrogen concentration can be set to 70% or less.
- Other than hydrogen (H 2 ) it may be substantially nitrogen (N 2 ), excluding impurity gases that are inevitably included.
- the holding time after reaching the target temperature during annealing can be limited to 5 to 120 seconds.
- annealing in order to sufficiently transfer heat to the inside of the base iron and obtain uniform mechanical properties in the thickness direction, it is necessary to maintain the annealing target temperature for more than 5 seconds.
- the high temperature annealing holding time is too long, the diffusion of alloying interfering elements through the Fe plating layer increases, increasing the amount of surface oxide produced, and as a result, the quality of hot dip galvanizing becomes poor, so it can be limited to 120 seconds or less.
- Figure 2 schematically shows the phenomenon that occurs inside the steel sheet as the temperature of the steel sheet is raised according to the conditions of the present invention.
- Figure 2 (a) shows a schematic cross-section of a base steel plate on which an Fe plating layer containing a large amount of oxygen is formed.
- the base steel sheet contains alloy elements such as Mn and Si, and the Fe plating layer contains 5 to 50% by weight of oxygen and impurities that are inevitably mixed during plating, and the remainder is composed of Fe.
- Figure 2(b) shows a cold-rolled steel sheet electroplated with iron heated to about 300-500°C in a nitrogen atmosphere containing 1 to 70% H 2 .
- the surface of the Fe plating layer is gradually reduced and oxygen is removed, and internal oxides such as Mn and Si diffused from the base iron begin to be generated at the interface between the Fe plating layer and the base iron. As the temperature increases, the oxides at the grain boundaries grow coarser. do.
- Figure 2(c) shows a schematic cross-section of the base steel sheet when the temperature was raised to 500-700°C in the same reducing atmosphere.
- the Fe plating layer is almost completely reduced, forming ferrite with a lower concentration of Mn and Si compared to the base iron.
- oxygen in the Fe plating layer is gradually depleted, Mn and Si begin to slowly diffuse through the Fe plating layer to the surface of the Fe plating layer.
- Figure 2(d) shows a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a steel sheet that has been annealed at a temperature of 600 to 950°C.
- the iron electroplating layer oxygen dissolved in the metallic iron is completely removed, except for internal oxides such as Mn and Si, and the internal oxides generated are generally spherical or short plate-shaped. Additionally, due to grain growth, the iron electroplating layer may form single grains with the base iron.
- the form of the internal oxide is not necessarily generated in the form of particles, and the crystal grains of the base iron and the crystal grains of the iron electroplating layer depend on the elongation of the cold rolled steel sheet, steel composition, atmosphere in the annealing furnace, and the content of oxygen contained in the iron electroplating layer. It may appear separately, or a short linear oxide may be generated along the interface between the iron electroplating layer and the base iron or the grain boundary inside the base iron.
- the annealed steel sheet After the annealing step, the annealed steel sheet can be cooled. Since the cooling conditions in the cooling step after the annealing step do not significantly affect the surface quality of the final product, that is, the plating quality, there is no need to specifically limit the cooling conditions in the present invention. However, in order to prevent oxidation of iron components during the cooling process, an atmosphere that is at least reductive to iron may be applied.
- a hot-dip galvanized layer can be formed by hot-dip galvanizing the steel sheet for plating obtained through the above-described process.
- the hot dip galvanizing method is not particularly limited.
- any base iron having the above-described alloy composition can be applied without limitation as the base iron of the steel sheet for plating or hot-dip galvanized steel sheet according to the present invention, so the method of manufacturing the base iron may not be specifically limited.
- the Fe plating layer can be formed on the surface of the base iron through electroplating, and the oxygen concentration of the formed Fe plating layer can be controlled by appropriately controlling the conditions of the electroplating solution and plating conditions.
- iron ions including ferrous ions and ferric ions; complexing agent; and inevitable impurities, and the concentration of ferric ions among the iron ions is 5 to 60% by weight.
- the electroplating solution includes ferrous ions and ferric ions.
- ferrous ions In order to obtain high plating efficiency, it may be advantageous to include only ferrous ions. However, if only ferrous ions are included, the solution deteriorates and plating efficiency drastically decreases, which may cause quality deviation in the continuous electroplating process. , may further include the ferric ion.
- the concentration of the ferric ions is preferably 5 to 60% by weight, more preferably 5 to 40% by weight, of the total of ferrous and ferric ions.
- the rate at which ferric iron is reduced to ferrous iron at the cathode is less than the rate at which ferrous iron is oxidized to ferric iron at the anode, so the ferric iron concentration rises rapidly and the pH drops rapidly, reducing plating efficiency. continues to deteriorate.
- the concentration of ferric ions exceeds 60%, the reaction amount for reducing ferric iron to ferrous iron at the cathode is greater than the reaction amount for reducing ferrous iron and precipitating it into metallic iron, so plating efficiency greatly decreases. And the plating quality deteriorates.
- the concentration of ferric ions among the iron ions is 5 to 60% by weight. It is desirable to make it so that .
- the concentration of iron ions is preferably 1 to 80 g per 1 L of the electroplating solution, and more preferably 10 to 50 g per 1 L. If it is less than 1g/L, there is a problem that plating efficiency and plating quality deteriorate rapidly. On the other hand, if it exceeds 80g/L, the solubility may be exceeded and precipitation may occur, and loss of raw materials due to loss of solution during the continuous plating process may occur. As it increases, it is not economical.
- the electroplating solution of the present invention contains a complexing agent.
- a complexing agent In order to maintain high plating efficiency without generating sludge while containing a large amount of ferric iron, it is preferable to use an amino acid or an amino acid polymer as a complexing agent.
- amino acid refers to an organic molecule in which a carboxyl group (-COOH) and an amine group (-NH 2 ) are combined
- amino acid polymer refers to an organic molecule formed by polymerizing two or more amino acids.
- An amino acid polymer is a complexing agent similar to an amino acid. It represents the characteristics. Therefore, in the following description, amino acids and amino acid polymers are collectively referred to as amino acids.
- ferric iron Precipitation due to ions can be prevented.
- ferric ions can maintain positive ions even if they are complexed, ferric ions can easily be transferred to the cathode and reduced to ferrous ions to participate in the plating reaction, while transfer to the anode is suppressed and ferric ions are converted to ferric ions.
- the rate of ion generation is slowed, the ferric ion concentration is maintained at a constant level even if continuous plating is performed for a long period of time, plating efficiency is maintained constant, and there is no need to replace the electrolyte solution.
- sludge can be prevented by using an amino acid as a complexing agent, and not only ferrous ions but also ferric ions can be used as plating raw materials, and when a mixture of ferrous and ferric ions is used, the solution Since the pH change can be slowed and the accumulation of ferric ions can be easily prevented, electroplating efficiency and plating quality can be maintained consistently in a continuous electroplating process.
- the complexing agent is preferably added in an amount such that the molar concentration ratio between the iron ion and the complexing agent is 1:0.05 to 2.0, and more preferably 1:0.5 to 1.0. If it is less than 0.05, it does not prevent excessively contained ferric ions from combining with hydroxide ions or oxygen to form sludge, and even if ferric iron is not included, plating efficiency is greatly reduced and further causes burning, which reduces plating quality. It gets worse.
- the complexing agent is preferably at least one selected from amino acids or amino acid polymers.
- it may be at least one selected from alanine, glycine, serine, threonine, arginine, glutamine, glutamic acid, and glycylglycine.
- the temperature of the Fe electroplating solution does not significantly affect the quality of the Fe plating layer, but when it exceeds 80°C, evaporation of the solution becomes extreme and the concentration of the solution continuously changes, making uniform electroplating difficult.
- the pH of the Fe electroplating solution is less than 2.0, the electroplating efficiency decreases, making it unsuitable for the continuous plating process. If the pH exceeds 5.0, the plating efficiency increases, but sludge in which iron hydroxide precipitates is generated during continuous electroplating. This causes problems with pipe blockage, rolls, and equipment contamination.
- the current density is less than 3A/dm 2 , the plating overvoltage of the cathode decreases and Fe electroplating efficiency decreases, making it unsuitable for the continuous plating process. If the current density exceeds 120A/dm 2 , burning occurs on the plating surface and electricity is lost. The problem occurs that the plating layer is uneven and the Fe plating layer easily falls off.
- the present invention preferably contains 5 to 50% by weight of oxygen in the Fe plating layer.
- the causes of oxygen mixing in the Fe plating layer are as follows. In the process of iron precipitating on the surface of the steel sheet to which the cathode is applied, hydrogen ions are simultaneously reduced to hydrogen gas, causing the pH to rise. Therefore, both ferrous and ferric ions are temporarily combined with OH - ions and may be incorporated together when the Fe plating layer is formed.
- the iron ion combined with the OH - ion of the complexing agent will have a negative charge on average, and if a cathode is applied for electroplating, there will be an electrical repulsion force. This prevents incorporation into the Fe plating layer.
- amino acids are electrically neutral at pH 2.0 to 5.0, and become positive ions in strong acids below pH 2.0. Even if 1 to 2 OH - are bonded to the iron ion bound to the amino acid, they become positive ions, so they are used as a cathode for electroplating. Excessive electrical attraction occurs and a large amount of oxygen is mixed.
- amino acids are used as complexing agents so that the molar concentration ratio of iron ions and amino acids is 1:0.05 to 1:2.0, and Fe electroplating is performed while maintaining pH 2.0 to 5.0, plating efficiency is high and sludge generation is suppressed.
- the plating amount of the Fe plating layer be 0.5 to 3.0 g/m 2 based on the iron concentration.
- the upper limit of the Fe plating amount is not particularly limited, but if it exceeds 3.0 g/m 2 in a continuous plating process, it is not economical because multiple plating cells are required or the production speed is reduced.
- the amount of Fe electroplating is large, the Fe electroplating solution is rapidly denatured in a continuous process, causing a drop in pH and a significant decrease in plating efficiency, making solution management difficult.
- the Fe plating amount is the iron concentration contained in the plating layer, and when the Fe plating layer is completely reduced during annealing, it has a thickness of about 0.05 to 0.4 ⁇ m.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (11)
- 중량%로, Mn: 1.0~8.0%, Si: 0.05~3%, C: 0.06~0.4%, Al: 0.005~3.0%, P: 0.04% 이하, S: 0.015% 이하, N: 0.01% 이하, Cr: 1.5% 이하, B: 0.005% 이하, 잔부 Fe 및 불가피한 불순물을 포함하는 조성을 가지고,표면으로부터 깊이방향으로 관찰한 Mn 성분의 GDS 프로파일과 Si 성분의 GDS 프로파일이 각각 순차적으로 극대점과 극소점을 포함하며,상기 Mn 성분의 GDS 프로파일의 극대점에서의 Mn 농도를 모재의 Mn 농도로 나눈 값과 상기 Mn 성분의 GDS 프로파일의 극소점에서의 Mn 농도를 모재의 Mn 농도로 나눈 값의 차이(Mn의 환산 농도 차)가 10% 이상이고,상기 Si 성분의 GDS 프로파일의 극대점에서의 Si 농도를 모재의 Si 농도로 나눈 값과 상기 Si 성분의 GDS 프로파일의 극소점에서의 Si 농도를 모재의 Si 농도로 나눈 값의 차이(Si의 환산 농도 차)가 10% 이상인 강판.단, 깊이 5㎛ 이내에서 극소점이 나타나지 않을 경우에는 깊이 5㎛ 지점을 극소점이 나타난 지점으로 한다.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 강판은 소지철 및 상기 소지철의 표면에 형성된 Fe 도금층을 포함하며, 상기 표면은 Fe 도금층의 표면인 강판.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 Mn의 환산 농도 차가 15% 이상이고, Si의 환산 농도 차가 15% 이상인 강판.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 극대점이 형성되는 깊이는 0.05~1.0㎛ 인 강판.
- 제 1 항 내지 제 4 항의 도금용 강판 및 상기 도금용 강판 위에 형성된 용융아연도금층을 포함하는 용융아연도금강판.
- 중량%로, Mn: 1.0~8.0%, Si: 0.05~3%, C: 0.06~0.4%, Al: 0.005~3.0%, P: 0.04% 이하, S: 0.015% 이하, N: 0.01% 이하, Cr: 1.5% 이하, B: 0.005% 이하, 잔부 Fe 및 불가피한 불순물을 포함하는 조성을 가지는 소지철을 준비하는 단계;상기 소지철에 대하여 전기도금을 실시하여 산소가 5~50중량%로 포함된 Fe 도금층을 형성하는 단계; 및상기 Fe 도금층이 형성된 소지철을 이슬점 온도 -20℃ 미만으로 제어된 1~70%H2-나머지 N2 가스 분위기의 소둔로에서 600~950℃로 5~120초 동안 유지하여 소둔하는 단계를 포함하는 강판의 제조방법.
- 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 Fe 도금층의 부착량은 0.5~3g/m2인 강판의 제조방법.
- 제 6 항 또는 제 7 항에 있어서, 상기 상기 착화제는 알라닌, 글리신, 세린, 트레오닌, 아르기닌, 글루타민, 글루탐산 및 글리실글리신 중에서 선택된 1종 이상인 강판의 제조방법.
- 제 6 항 또는 제 7 항에 있어서, 상기 전기도금용액은 제1철 이온 및 제2철 이온을 포함하고, 상기 제2철 이온은 전체 철 이온 대비 5 내지 60 중량%의 비율을 가지며, 상기 철 이온의 전체 농도는 상기 전기도금용액 1L당 1 내지 80g인 강판의 제조방법.
- 제 6 항 또는 제 7 항에 있어서, 상기 전기도금은 용액 온도 80℃이하, 전류 밀도 3 내지 120A/dm2의 조건에서 이루어지는 강판의 제조방법.
- 중량%로, Mn: 1.0~8.0%, Si: 0.05~3%, C: 0.06~0.4%, Al: 0.005~3.0%, P: 0.04% 이하, S: 0.015% 이하, N: 0.01% 이하, Cr: 1.5% 이하, B: 0.005% 이하, 잔부 Fe 및 불가피한 불순물을 포함하는 조성을 가지는 소지철을 준비하는 단계;상기 소지철에 대하여 전기도금을 실시하여 산소가 5~50중량%로 포함된 Fe 도금층을 형성하는 단계;상기 Fe 도금층이 형성된 소지철을 이슬점 온도 -20℃ 미만으로 제어된 1~70%H2-나머지 N2 가스 분위기의 소둔로에서 600~950℃로 5~120초 동안 유지하여 소둔하여 도금용 강판을 얻는 단계; 및아연도금욕에 상기 도금용 강판을 침지하는 단계를 포함하는 용융아연도금강판의 제조방법.
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| JP2024572661A JP2025522395A (ja) | 2022-06-10 | 2023-06-09 | めっき品質に優れた高強度溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板、めっき用鋼板及びこれらの製造方法 |
| EP23820141.2A EP4538415A4 (en) | 2022-06-10 | 2023-06-09 | HIGH-STRENGTH HOT-DIP GALVANIZED STEEL SHEET WITH EXCELLENT CLADDING QUALITY, CLADDING STEEL SHEET AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS THEREFOR |
| KR1020247041608A KR20250023379A (ko) | 2022-06-10 | 2023-06-09 | 도금품질이 우수한 고강도 용융아연도금강판, 도금용 강판 및 이들의 제조방법 |
| CN202380045165.8A CN119256117A (zh) | 2022-06-10 | 2023-06-09 | 镀覆质量优异的高强度热浸镀锌钢板、镀覆用钢板及它们的制造方法 |
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- 2023-06-09 KR KR1020247041608A patent/KR20250023379A/ko active Pending
- 2023-06-09 WO PCT/KR2023/007967 patent/WO2023239206A1/ko not_active Ceased
- 2023-06-09 EP EP23820141.2A patent/EP4538415A4/en active Pending
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| KR20250023379A (ko) | 2025-02-18 |
| JP2025522395A (ja) | 2025-07-15 |
| CN119256117A (zh) | 2025-01-03 |
| EP4538415A4 (en) | 2025-10-15 |
| EP4538415A1 (en) | 2025-04-16 |
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