WO2023249631A1 - Light fixture including a lens cover having a parylene coating - Google Patents
Light fixture including a lens cover having a parylene coating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023249631A1 WO2023249631A1 PCT/US2022/034692 US2022034692W WO2023249631A1 WO 2023249631 A1 WO2023249631 A1 WO 2023249631A1 US 2022034692 W US2022034692 W US 2022034692W WO 2023249631 A1 WO2023249631 A1 WO 2023249631A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- optical lens
- base substrate
- lens cover
- parylene
- main body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
- F21V5/007—Array of lenses or refractors for a cluster of light sources, e.g. for arrangement of multiple light sources in one plane
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/249—Lighting means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S2/00—Systems of lighting devices, not provided for in main groups F21S4/00 - F21S10/00 or F21S19/00, e.g. of modular construction
- F21S2/005—Systems of lighting devices, not provided for in main groups F21S4/00 - F21S10/00 or F21S19/00, e.g. of modular construction of modular construction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V19/00—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders
- F21V19/001—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders the light sources being semiconductors devices, e.g. LEDs
- F21V19/0015—Fastening arrangements intended to retain light sources
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
- F21V3/04—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings
- F21V3/10—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings characterised by coatings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V31/00—Gas-tight or water-tight arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V31/00—Gas-tight or water-tight arrangements
- F21V31/005—Sealing arrangements therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2201/00—Polymeric substrate or laminate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V31/00—Gas-tight or water-tight arrangements
- F21V31/04—Provision of filling media
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
- F21Y2105/10—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional [2D] array of point-like light-generating elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
Definitions
- the apparatus described below generally relates to a light fixture that includes an array of light sources for illuminating an indoor grow facility.
- Each light source includes at least one light emitting diode (LED) and a lens cover that is at least partially coated with a parylene coating.
- LED light emitting diode
- Indoor grow facilities such as greenhouses, include light fixtures that provide artificial lighting to plants for encouraging growth.
- Each of these light fixtures typically includes a plurality of LEDs that generate the artificial light for the plants.
- the environment inside these indoor grow facilities can include different types of gasses and/or airborne fluid particles that cause the optical quality of the LEDs to degrade (e.g., yellow) over time.
- FIG. 1 is an upper isometric view depicting a light fixture, in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a lower isometric view of the light fixture of FIG. 1, wherein the light fixture is shown to include a pair of lighting modules;
- FIG. 3 is a partially exploded upper isometric view of the LED light fixture of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 is a partially exploded lower isometric view of the LED light fixture of FIG. 1, wherein each lighting module is shown to include a lens cover, in accordance with one embodiment;
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 5-5 in FIG. 4;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view of various components of the light fixture of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 7 is an upper isometric view depicting a lens cover for a lighting fixture, in accordance with another embodiment
- FIG. 8 is a lower isometric view of the lens cover of FIG. 7;
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 9-9 in FIG. 7.
- a light fixture 20 for an indoor grow facility is generally depicted in FIGS. 1 and 2 and can include a housing 22, first and second lighting modules 24, 26 (FIG. 2), and a hanger assembly 28.
- the housing 22 can include a light support portion 30 and a controller support portion 32 adjacent to the light support portion 30.
- the light support portion 30 can define a lighting receptacle 34 (FIG. 1) and a window 36 (FIG. 2) disposed beneath the lighting receptacle 34.
- the first and second lighting modules 24, 26 can be disposed within the lighting receptacle 34 above the window 36 and can be configured to emit light through the window 36, as will be described in further detail below.
- the hanger assembly 28 can facilitate suspension of the light fixture 20 above one or more plants (not shown) such that light emitted through the window 36 from the first and second lighting modules 24, 26 can be delivered to the underlying plant(s) to stimulate growth.
- the hanger assembly 28 can include a pair of hanger supports 38 and a hanger bracket 40.
- the hanger supports 38 can be coupled to the housing 22 on opposing sides of the light fixture 20.
- the hanger bracket 40 can be coupled with the hanger supports 38 and can extend between the hanger supports 38 to facilitate suspension of the light fixture 20 from a ceiling of the indoor grow facility. In one embodiment, as illustrated in FIGS.
- the hanger bracket 40 can have a cross-sectional shape that is substantially J-shaped to facilitate selective hanging of the light fixture 20 from a beam or other elongated support member that is provided along a ceiling of the indoor grow facility.
- the housing 22 can include a main frame 42 and a cover member 44 that overlies the main frame 42 and is coupled together with the main frame 42 via welding, adhesives, releasable tabs (not shown), fasteners (not shown), or any of a variety of suitable alternative permanent or releasable fastening arrangements.
- the main frame 42 can include a bottom lighting wall 46 that defines the window 36. As illustrated in FIG.
- the main frame 42 can include a bottom controller wall 48, and a plurality of sidewalls 50 that cooperate to define a controller receptacle 52.
- the cover member 44 can include a lid portion 54 that overlies and covers the controller receptacle 52, as illustrated in FIG. 1.
- the bottom controller wall 48, the sidewalls 50, and the lid portion 54 can form at least part of the controller support portion 32 of the housing 22.
- the first and second lighting modules 24, 26 can each include a submount 56, 58, a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) (e.g., 60 in FIG. 5), and a lens cover 64, 66, respectively.
- LEDs light emitting diodes
- the LEDs 60 can comprise surface mount LEDs that are mounted to the submount 56 via any of a variety of methods or techniques commonly known in the art.
- the LEDs 60 can be any of a variety of suitable configurations that are mounted directly or indirectly to the submount 56.
- the LEDs 60 can comprise single color LEDs (e.g., capable of emitting only one color of light such as white, red or blue), multi-color LEDs (e.g., capable of emitting different colors such as white, red, and blue) or a combination of both.
- the submount 56 can be formed of any of a variety of thermally conductive materials that are suitable for physically and thermally supporting the LEDs 60.
- the lens cover 64 can overlie the submount 56 and the LEDs 60 and can be coupled with the submount 56 with fasteners 65 (FIG. 3) or any of a variety of suitable alternative coupling arrangements.
- the lens cover 64 can include a main body 67 that includes a base substrate 68 and a plurality of optical lens elements 70.
- the base substrate 68 can be substantially planar and the plurality of optical lens elements 70 can extend from the base substrate 68.
- Each of the optical lens elements 70 can be substantially aligned with respective ones of the LEDs 60 and can be configured to redistribute (e.g., concentrate or disperse) the light emitted from the LEDs 60 towards an area beneath the light fixture 20 (e.g., towards one or more plants).
- the LEDs 60 can each be aligned with respective ones of the optical lens elements 70 such that the physical center P and the focal center F are coaxial (i.e., each LED 60 is aligned with a respective one of the optical lens elements 70).
- the LEDs 60 can each be slightly offset with respective ones of the optical lens elements 70 such that the physical center P and the focal center F are non-coaxial (i.e., each LED 60 is misaligned with a respective one of the optical lens elements 70).
- the lens cover 64 can be a unitary one-piece construction formed of a polycarbonate material and/or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
- the interior 72 can be filled with enough of the encapsulating material 74 (e.g., filled entirely) to cause the interior 72 to be substantially devoid of air bubbles or other media that would adversely affect the optical integrity between the LEDs 60 and the lens cover 64.
- the encapsulating material 74 can also protect the LEDs 60 from environmental conditions that might be able to bypass the lens cover 64 such as a gaseous fluid (e.g., greenhouse gas).
- the encapsulating material 74 can be a silicone gel such as a methyl type silicone (e.g., polydimethylsiloxane) or a phenyl-type silicone, for example, that has a refractive index of between about 1.35 and 1.6.
- the encapsulating material 74 can be substantially softer than the lens cover 64 (e.g., the encapsulating material 74 can have a hardness that is less than a hardness of the lens cover 64).
- the encapsulating material 74 can be a flowable material, such as a fluid or gel that can be injected or otherwise dispensed into the interior 72 after the lens cover 64 is assembled on the submount 56.
- the encapsulating material 74 can be coated onto the lens cover 64 and/or over the submount 56 and LEDs 60 prior to assembling the lens cover 64 on the submount 56.
- the thin-film inorganic material can be between about 10 nm and about 200 nm thick and can have a refractive index above about 1.49.
- suitable thin-film inorganic materials include MgF2, CaF2, SiCh, AI2O3 and/or TiCh.
- the protective coating 76 is shown to be a single layer arrangement, it is to be appreciated that the protective coating 76 can alternatively be a multi-layer arrangement that is either homogenous (multiple layers of the same material) or heterogeneous (multiple layers of different material).
- a heat sink compound (not shown), such as thermal paste, for example, can be provided between the submounts 56, 58 and the heat sink 78 to enhance the thermal conductivity therebetween.
- the heat sink 78 is shown to be a unitary component that is provided over the first and second lighting modules 24, 26, it is to be appreciated that dedicated heat sinks can alternatively be provided for each of the first and second lighting modules 24, 26.
- a controller 82 can be disposed in the controller receptacle 52 and can be configured to power and control the first and second lighting modules 24, 26.
- the lid portion 54 of the cover member 44 can overlie the controller receptacle 52 and the controller 82.
- the lid portion 54 can serve as a heat sink for the controller 82 and can include a plurality of fins 84 to facilitate dissipation of heat from the controller 82.
- a heat sink compound (not shown), such as thermal paste, for example, can be provided between the lid portion 54 and the controller 82 to enhance the thermal conductivity therebetween.
- the main frame 42 and the cover member 44 can each be formed of a thermally conductive material such as aluminum, for example. Heat from the first and second lighting modules 24, 26 and the controller 82 can be transmitted throughout the housing 22 to effectively supplement the cooling properties of the heat sink 78 and the lid portion 54.
- the housing 22 can define a passageway 85 that extends between the light support portion 30 and the controller support portion 32 such that the first and second lighting modules 24, 26 and the controller 82 are physically spaced from each other.
- the passageway 85 can be configured to allow air to flow between the light support portion 30 and the controller support portion 32 to enhance cooling of the first and second lighting modules 24, 26 and the controller 82 during operation.
- the housing 22 can comprise a plurality of rib members 86 that extend between the light support portion 30 and the controller support portion 32 to provide structural rigidity therebetween.
- the LED driver module 90 can include a control input 94 that is coupled with a control source (not shown), such as a greenhouse controller, for example, that delivers a control signal to the LED driver module 90 for controlling the first and second lighting modules 24, 26, as will be described in further detail below.
- a control source such as a greenhouse controller, for example, that delivers a control signal to the LED driver module 90 for controlling the first and second lighting modules 24, 26, as will be described in further detail below.
- the LED driver module 90 can be configured to communicate according to any of a variety if suitable signal protocols, such as BACnet, ModBus, or RS485, for example.
- the respective light recipes for the first and second lighting modules 24, 26 can be the same to provide a substantially uniform lighting environment between the first and second lighting zones.
- the respective light recipes for the first and second lighting modules 24, 26 can be tailored to accommodate the different lighting requirements between the groups of plants.
- the first and second lighting modules 24, 26 can have unique addresses such that the control signal can assign separate lighting recipes to each of the first and second lighting modules 24, 26 (via the LED driver module 90) based upon their unique addresses.
- the LED driver module 90 is described as being configured to control the light recipe of each of the first and second lighting modules 24, 26, the LED driver module 90 can additionally or alternatively be configured to control any of a variety of suitable alternative variable lighting features of the first and second lighting modules 24, 26 (e.g., any lighting feature that can be controlled in real time with a control signal).
- the main body 167 can be coated with a parylene coating 176.
- the parylene coating 176 can be applied to the main body 167, as a singular coating, instead of the protective coating 76.
- one or more additional layers and/or coatings may be applied over a parylene coating.
- the parylene coating 176 can fully encapsulate the main body 167 such that the entire main body 167, including the exterior and interior surfaces 177, 179 are covered in parylene.
- only a portion of the main body 167, such as only the exterior surface 177 is coated in parylene.
- the parylene coating 176 can be a conformal coating.
- the parylene coating 176 can provide protection to the lens cover 164 against exposure to extreme temperatures and UV radiation.
- parylene coatings 176 can provide durability, flexibility, high- frequency stability, and a low dielectric constant.
- the parylene coating 176 can have a thickness of between about 0.5 micrometers and about 10 micrometers, although any of a variety of suitable alternative thicknesses are contemplated for achieving a desired result.
- the parylene coating 176 can have a refractive index between the refractive index for air and the refractive index for the lens cover material (e.g., polycarbonate).
- the parylene coating 176 may comprise one or more of parylene N, parylene C, parylene D, parylene F (e.g., parylene AT -4 and/or parylene VT-4), parylene E, parylene M, and parylene AM-2, and copolymers thereof.
- Parylene obtained through the polymerization of / /ra-xylylene, can have repeating units of the formula:
- the parylene coating 176 comprises a copolymer of parylene C and paylene N, which a high temperature rating, for example.
- a copolymer of parylene C and paylene N which a high temperature rating, for example.
- Each of the different types of parylene can provide various benefits, however, and the type or types of parylene employed in the parylene coating 176 can depend on characteristics desired for a specific application, considering a variety of factors, such as, for example, the type of lens cover 164, the material from which it is constructed, its intended use and the environment in which the lens cover 164 is used.
- the surfaces 177, 179 of the lens cover 164 can be prepared before application of the parylene coating 176.
- one or both of the exterior and interior surfaces 177, 179 of the main body 167 can undergo treatment and/or cleaning to prime such surfaces 177, 179 to facilitate effective coating of the same.
- Treatment and cleaning methods used for preparation of the surfaces 177, 179 of the lens cover 164 can include any suitable methods known in the art.
- the parylene coating 176 can be applied to the main body 167 of the lens cover 164 in several ways.
- the parylene coating 176 can be applied to the main body 167 by vacuum deposition, such as chemical vapor deposition (“CVD”); dip coating; spin coating; spray coating, e.g., via one or more spray guns; or any of a variety of other suitable, known coating methods.
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- dip coating dip coating
- spin coating e.g., via one or more spray guns
- spray coating e.g., via one or more spray guns
- the CVD process can effect an even parylene coating 176 on the surfaces 177, 179 of the lens cover 164, including oddly-shaped portions and small crevices.
- the parylene coating may be pinhole-free. Further, the CVD process can allow for the application of a relatively thin parylene coating 176 with a consistent thickness.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Led Device Packages (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22948164.3A EP4544224A4 (en) | 2022-06-23 | 2022-06-23 | LUMINAIRE COMPRISING A LENS COVER HAVING A PARYLENE COATING |
| CA3260329A CA3260329A1 (en) | 2022-06-23 | 2022-06-23 | Light fixture including a lens cover having a parylene coating |
| US18/877,278 US20250377085A1 (en) | 2022-06-23 | 2022-06-23 | Light fixture including a lens cover having a parylene coating |
| CN202280098087.3A CN119522343A (en) | 2022-06-23 | 2022-06-23 | Luminaire including a lens cover having a parylene coating |
| PCT/US2022/034692 WO2023249631A1 (en) | 2022-06-23 | 2022-06-23 | Light fixture including a lens cover having a parylene coating |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2022/034692 WO2023249631A1 (en) | 2022-06-23 | 2022-06-23 | Light fixture including a lens cover having a parylene coating |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2023249631A1 true WO2023249631A1 (en) | 2023-12-28 |
Family
ID=89380358
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2022/034692 Ceased WO2023249631A1 (en) | 2022-06-23 | 2022-06-23 | Light fixture including a lens cover having a parylene coating |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250377085A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP4544224A4 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN119522343A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA3260329A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023249631A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8142047B2 (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2012-03-27 | Abl Ip Holding Llc | Architectural lighting |
| US20170362703A1 (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2017-12-21 | Hzo, Inc. | Mixing dimers for moisture resistant materials |
| US20220170610A1 (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-06-02 | Hgci, Inc. | Lens cover having lens element |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2286583T3 (en) * | 2004-12-16 | 2007-12-01 | Ecole D'ingenieurs Arc | PROCEDURE FOR REALIZATION OF A PLASTIC MEMBRANE DEVICE AND DEVICE OBTAINED. |
-
2022
- 2022-06-23 CN CN202280098087.3A patent/CN119522343A/en active Pending
- 2022-06-23 US US18/877,278 patent/US20250377085A1/en active Pending
- 2022-06-23 WO PCT/US2022/034692 patent/WO2023249631A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2022-06-23 CA CA3260329A patent/CA3260329A1/en active Pending
- 2022-06-23 EP EP22948164.3A patent/EP4544224A4/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8142047B2 (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2012-03-27 | Abl Ip Holding Llc | Architectural lighting |
| US20170362703A1 (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2017-12-21 | Hzo, Inc. | Mixing dimers for moisture resistant materials |
| US20220170610A1 (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-06-02 | Hgci, Inc. | Lens cover having lens element |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| MYEONGSUB KIM; BYEONG-UI MOON; CARLOS H HIDROVO: "Enhancement of the thermo-mechanical properties of PDMS molds for the hot embossing of PMMA microfluidic devices", JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING, INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS PUBLISHING, BRISTOL, GB, vol. 23, no. 9, 28 August 2013 (2013-08-28), GB , pages 95024, XP020249950, ISSN: 0960-1317, DOI: 10.1088/0960-1317/23/9/095024 * |
| See also references of EP4544224A4 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4544224A1 (en) | 2025-04-30 |
| US20250377085A1 (en) | 2025-12-11 |
| CN119522343A (en) | 2025-02-25 |
| CA3260329A1 (en) | 2023-12-28 |
| EP4544224A4 (en) | 2025-07-23 |
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