WO2023276177A1 - タイヤ - Google Patents
タイヤ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023276177A1 WO2023276177A1 PCT/JP2021/040452 JP2021040452W WO2023276177A1 WO 2023276177 A1 WO2023276177 A1 WO 2023276177A1 JP 2021040452 W JP2021040452 W JP 2021040452W WO 2023276177 A1 WO2023276177 A1 WO 2023276177A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tire
- belt layer
- radial direction
- circumferential direction
- communication device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C19/00—Tyre parts or constructions not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
- B60C9/18—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
- B60C9/20—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
- B60C9/18—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
- B60C9/20—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
- B60C2009/2012—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel with particular configuration of the belt cords in the respective belt layers
- B60C2009/2019—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel with particular configuration of the belt cords in the respective belt layers comprising cords at an angle of 30 to 60 degrees to the circumferential direction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
- B60C9/18—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
- B60C9/20—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
- B60C2009/2012—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel with particular configuration of the belt cords in the respective belt layers
- B60C2009/2022—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel with particular configuration of the belt cords in the respective belt layers comprising cords at an angle of 60 to 90 degrees to the circumferential direction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
- B60C9/18—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
- B60C9/20—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
- B60C9/22—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel the plies being arranged with all cords disposed along the circumference of the tyre
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
- G06K19/07758—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card arrangements for adhering the record carrier to further objects or living beings, functioning as an identification tag
- G06K19/07764—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card arrangements for adhering the record carrier to further objects or living beings, functioning as an identification tag the adhering arrangement making the record carrier attachable to a tyre
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
- H01Q1/2241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems used in or for vehicle tyres
Definitions
- the present invention relates to tires. This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-109733 filed in Japan on June 30, 2021, the full text of which is incorporated herein.
- a communication device such as a sensor for detecting the internal state of a tire such as tire air pressure and an RF tag having a storage unit capable of storing unique identification information of the tire is embedded in the tire.
- a sensor as a communication device can be used to determine the state of a tire while the vehicle is running, and various tire information acquired from a storage unit of an RF tag as a communication device can be used for maintenance services and the like.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a tire in which the risk of damage to the RF tag is reduced by covering the RF tag with a covering rubber and arranging the tag on a bead portion reinforced by a fiber reinforcing layer.
- An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems, and to provide a tire that can ensure sufficient durability of a communication device.
- the tire of the present invention is Air having a pair of bead cores embedded in a pair of bead portions, a carcass extending over the pair of bead cores in a toroidal shape, and a plurality of belt layers disposed outside the crown portion of the carcass in the tire radial direction. It is an entry tire,
- the plurality of belt layers include at least one first belt layer having a cord extending along the tire circumferential direction, and a first belt layer disposed radially outward of the circumferential belt layer and inclined with respect to the tire circumferential direction.
- a communication device having The communication device is characterized in that the linear antenna is arranged along the tire circumferential direction.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a neutral axis of deformation of a belt layer when a conventional tire rolls under load;
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a neutral axis of deformation of a belt layer when the tire according to the first embodiment of the present invention rolls under load;
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining deformation of a conventional tire when rolling under load;
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining deformation of the tire according to the first embodiment of the present invention when rolling under load;
- FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing another example of belt structure;
- FIG. 4 schematically shows another example of belt construction;
- the tire according to the invention can be used for any type of tire, but preferably for truck or bus tires.
- any type of tire but preferably for truck or bus tires.
- embodiments of the tire according to the present invention will be described by way of example with reference to the drawings. The same reference numerals are given to common components in each figure.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view (half view) in the width direction of the tire 1 of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the belt structure of the tire 1 of the first embodiment of the invention.
- the dimensions, positional relationships, etc. of each element shall be measured in a standard state in which the tire 1 is mounted on an applicable rim, filled with a predetermined internal pressure, and no load is applied. do.
- the "applicable rim” is an industrial standard effective in the region where the tire is produced and used, and is the JATMA YEAR BOOK of JATMA (Japan Automobile Tire Manufacturers Association) in Japan and ETRTO (The European Tire and Tire Manufacturers Association) in Europe.
- predetermined internal pressure refers to the air pressure (maximum air pressure) that corresponds to the maximum load capacity of a single wheel in the applicable size and ply rating described in the above JATMA YEAR BOOK, etc., and is described in the above industrial standards. For sizes without , it means the air pressure (maximum air pressure) corresponding to the maximum load capacity specified for each vehicle on which the tire is installed.
- the air referred to here can be replaced with an inert gas such as nitrogen gas.
- the "tire maximum width position” means the tire radial position where the distance in the tire width direction between the carcasses at the pair of sidewall portions is the maximum.
- the “tire circumferential direction” is also referred to as the “tire circumferential direction CD”
- the “tire width direction” is also referred to as the “tire width direction WD”.
- “tire radial direction” is also referred to as “tire radial direction RD”.
- a CD arrow indicates the tire circumferential direction (CD)
- a WD arrow indicates the tire width direction (WD)
- an RD arrow indicates the tire radial direction (RD).
- the tire 1 of the first embodiment of the present invention has a pair of bead portions 2, a pair of sidewall portions 3, and a tread portion 4 extending between both sidewall portions. .
- the tire 1 includes a pair of bead cores 5 embedded in the pair of bead portions 2 and a carcass 6 that straddles the pair of bead cores 5 in a toroidal manner.
- the carcass 6 straddles between the pair of bead cores 5 in a toroidal shape to form the skeleton of the tire.
- the carcass 6 preferably has a carcass body portion arranged between the bead cores 5 and a carcass folded portion folded back around the bead cores 5 from the inner side in the tire width direction to the outer side in the tire width direction. .
- the carcass 6 may not have the carcass turn-up portion.
- the carcass 6 includes one or more (one in this embodiment) carcass plies. Each carcass ply has a carcass cord and a covering rubber covering the carcass cord.
- the carcass cords may be composed of metal such as steel, or organic fibers such as polyester, nylon, rayon, or aramid.
- the configuration of the bead portion 2 in the tire 1 of this embodiment is not particularly limited.
- the tire 1 may have a bead filler 51 outside the pair of bead cores 5 in the tire radial direction, and a stiffener 52 outside the bead filler 51 in the tire radial direction.
- the tire 1 of the present embodiment may include a rubber chafer 21 arranged in the bead portion 2 so that at least a part of the tire is in contact with the applicable rim when the tire is mounted on the applicable rim.
- the tire 1 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of belt layers (two layers in the present embodiment) arranged outside the crown portion of the carcass 6 in the tire radial direction RD.
- the plurality of belt layers include at least one (one layer in this embodiment) first belt layer 7 having a cord extending along the tire circumferential direction CD, and a first belt layer 7 outside the circumferential belt layer in the tire radial direction RD. It has at least one layer (one layer in this embodiment) of the second belt layer 8 having a cord extending obliquely with respect to the tire circumferential direction CD.
- a cord extending along the tire circumferential direction (CD) means a case where the cord is parallel to the tire circumferential direction CD, a result of forming a belt layer by spirally winding a rubber-coated strip of the cord, and the like. Therefore, the case where the cord is slightly inclined with respect to the tire circumferential direction (the inclination angle with respect to the tire circumferential direction CD is 5° or less) is included.
- a cord extending obliquely with respect to the tire circumferential direction (CD) is inclined at a larger inclination angle with respect to the tire circumferential direction CD than the cord extending along the tire circumferential direction CD. It means a code, and the angle is not particularly limited.
- the first belt layer 7 has a slightly larger length in the tire width direction than the second belt layer 8, but the tires of the first belt layer 7 and the second belt layer 8 The length in the width direction is not particularly limited.
- the first belt layer 7 and the second belt layer 8 have cords and rubber covering the cords.
- the material of the cord is not particularly limited, and may be composed of organic fibers such as polyester, nylon, rayon, or aramid, or may be composed of metal such as steel.
- the coating rubber can be any known rubber material such as a rubber material commonly used for belt coating rubber.
- an IC chip 10 and a A communication device 9 is embedded which has at least one linear antenna 9a connected thereto.
- the configuration of the communication device 9 is not particularly limited as long as the communication device 9 is capable of wireless communication with a predetermined device outside the tire 1 .
- the communication device 9 can be, for example, an RF tag.
- An RF tag is also called an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tag.
- the communication device 9 has an IC chip 10 that constitutes a control section and a storage section, and one or more linear antennas 9 a connected to the IC chip 10 .
- the communication device 9 may have a longitudinal shape as a whole with two linear antennas extending in opposite directions from the IC chip 10 .
- the term "linear" is not limited to a straight line, and includes a wavy or spiral shape.
- the IC chip 10 may operate by induced electromotive force generated by electromagnetic waves received by one or more antennas. That is, the communication device 9 may be a passive communication device. Alternatively, the communication device 9 may further include a battery and generate electromagnetic waves using its own power for communication. That is, the communication device 9 may be an active communication device.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an RF tag as the communication device 9 arranged on the tire 1 of this embodiment.
- the RF tag as the communication device 9 arranged in the tire 1 of the present embodiment includes a first antenna 9a1 and a second antenna 9a2 that constitute the antenna 9a, and these first antenna 9a1 and second antenna 9a1.
- An IC chip 10 constituting a control unit 9b and a memory unit 9c, which is operated by the induced electromotive force generated by radio waves received by the antenna 9a2, a plate-like support member 9d to which the IC chip 10 is attached, and the IC chip 10, and a conductive conducting member 9e that electrically connects each of the first antenna 9a1 and the second antenna 9a2.
- the communication device 9 may be covered with a covering rubber.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section in the tire circumferential direction of the tire 1 of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the communication device 9 is located inside the tire maximum width position SWH in the tire radial direction and outside the tire radial outside end position BCE of the bead core 5 in the tire radial direction. , are embedded in the radial direction of the tire.
- the communication device 9 has a linear antenna 9a (in this embodiment, the first antenna 9a1 and the second antenna 9a2) arranged along the tire circumferential direction CD.
- arranged along the tire circumferential direction means that the longitudinal direction of the antenna extending linearly, wavy, or spirally is parallel to the tire circumferential direction CD, or when the longitudinal direction of the antenna is parallel to the tire circumferential direction CD. (the inclination angle is 5° or less with respect to the tire circumferential direction CD).
- FIG. 5A is a diagram for explaining the neutral axis of deformation of a belt layer when a conventional tire rolls under load.
- FIG. 5B is a diagram for explaining the neutral axis of deformation of the belt layers when the tire 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention rolls under load.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram for explaining deformation of a conventional tire when rolling under load.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram for explaining deformation of the tire 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention when rolling under load.
- dotted lines represent the outer shape of the tire before deformation
- solid lines represent the outer shape of the tire when rolling under load.
- FIG. 5A shows a conventional tire provided with two belt layers that do not have the belt layer configuration according to the present invention.
- "not having the structure of the belt layer according to the present invention” means, for example, the case of having only two inclined belt layers having cords inclined with respect to the tire circumferential direction CD.
- the neutral axis of deformation NA is positioned between the belt layer on the outer side in the tire radial direction and the belt layer on the inner side in the tire radial direction.
- a compressive force is generated in the belt layer on the outer side in the tire radial direction
- a tensile force is generated in the belt layer on the inner side in the tire radial direction.
- the tread rubber expands and contracts, and deformation occurs such that the contour of the tire is crushed, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 6A. .
- the durability of the communication device may be impaired due to the above distortion.
- the first belt layer 7 having cords extending along the tire circumferential direction CD exhibits high rigidity and functions as a neutral shaft. Then, only the compressive force generated in the second belt layer 8 having cords extending obliquely to the tire circumferential direction CD on the tire radial direction outer side affects the deformation, so that the tire is deformed as shown by the solid line in FIG.
- the linear antenna 9a is embedded along the circumferential direction of the tire 1, thereby easing the influence on the longitudinal antenna 9a. Sufficient durability of the communication device 9 can be ensured.
- the number of second belt layers 8 is not particularly limited as long as it is one or more, but preferably two or more.
- a second belt layer 8A and a second belt layer 8B are arranged outside the first belt layer 7 in the tire radial direction.
- the compressive force generated in the second belt layer 8 having cords extending obliquely with respect to the tire circumferential direction CD is greater than in the case of a single layer, and in addition, the first belt layer 8 functioning as a neutral axis
- the belt layer 7 becomes more inside in the tire radial direction, and the rigidity in the tire radial direction inside is exhibited, and distortion in the tire circumferential direction is further suppressed, so communication is more effective. Sufficient durability of the device 9 can be ensured.
- the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the cords of the second belt layer 8 with respect to the tire circumferential direction CD is not particularly limited. It is preferred to have the cords running obliquely at an angle of 45° to 70°.
- the smaller the inclination angle of the cords of the belt layer from the tire circumferential direction the easier it is for the tread portion to bear the tension in the tire circumferential direction.
- the load of tension in the tire circumferential direction of the second belt layer 8 becomes relatively small.
- the load of tension on the inner side in the tire radial direction is increased more than the second belt layer 8 , and deformation of the tire is easily suppressed by the first belt layer 7 serving as a neutral axis on the inner side in the tire radial direction.
- the inclination angle ⁇ 1 is 50° to 65°.
- the inclination angles of the cords of the respective second belt layers 8 may be the same or different.
- the inclination angles ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3 of the second belt layer 8A and the second belt layer 8B are the same with respect to the tire circumferential direction CD, but are are slanted in different directions with respect to and extend in directions that intersect each other.
- the inclination angles ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3 are different from each other, it is preferable that either one of the inclination angles ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3 is 45° to 70°.
- the communication device 9 is embedded at a position in the tire radial direction inside the tire maximum width position SWH and outside the tire radial outside end position BCE of the bead core 5 in the tire radial direction.
- the position in the tire radial direction is not particularly limited. is preferred. According to the above configuration, sufficient durability of the communication device 9 can be more effectively ensured, and sufficient communication performance of the communication device 9 can be ensured.
- the first belt layer 7 serving as a neutral shaft reliably functions as a neutral shaft on the inner side in the tire radial direction, and deformation of the tire can be easily suppressed. As a result, distortion in the circumferential direction of the tire is further suppressed, and sufficient durability of the communication device 9 can be ensured more effectively.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing another example of the belt structure of the tire 1 of the first embodiment.
- cords extending at an inclination angle ⁇ 4 of 45° to 70° with respect to the tire circumferential direction CD are provided inside the first belt layer in the tire radial direction. It may have a third belt layer 12 .
- the number of the first belt layer 7 and the second belt layer 8 is not particularly limited as long as it is one or more layers, and the inclination angle of the cord of the second belt layer 8 ⁇ 5 is also not particularly limited.
- the third belt layer 12 has a length in the tire width direction slightly smaller than that of the first belt layer 7 and has a length in the tire width direction approximately equal to that of the second belt layer 8.
- the tire width direction lengths of the first belt layer 7, the second belt layer 8 and the third belt layer 12 are not particularly limited.
- the tread rubber when the tire 11 rides on a projection, a curb, or the like, the tread rubber is dented in the contact area with the projection, the curb, or the like. A pulling force is generated in the tire width direction WD. At this time, the third belt layer 12 arranged on the inner side in the tire radial direction can bear the tension in the tire width direction WD. Durability can be maintained.
- the tire according to the present invention can be used for any type of tire, preferably for trucks or buses.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2021年6月30日に日本に出願された特願2021-109733号に基づく優先権を主張するものであり、その内容の全文をここに援用する。
一対のビード部に埋設された、一対のビードコアと、前記一対のビードコアにトロイダル状に跨るカーカスと、該カーカスのクラウン部のタイヤ径方向外側に配置された、複数のベルト層と、を有する空気入りタイヤであって、
前記複数のベルト層は、タイヤ周方向に沿って延びるコードを有する、少なくとも1層の第一ベルト層と、前記周方向ベルト層よりもタイヤ径方向外側に配置された、タイヤ周方向に対し傾斜して延びるコードを有する少なくとも1層の第二ベルト層と、を有し、
タイヤ最大幅位置よりタイヤ径方向内側かつ前記ビードコアのタイヤ径方向外側端位置よりタイヤ径方向外側の、タイヤ径方向位置に、ICチップと、前記ICチップに接続される少なくとも1つの線状のアンテナとを有する通信装置が埋設されており、
前記通信装置は、前記線状のアンテナが、タイヤ周方向に沿って配置されていることを特徴とする。
以下、本発明に係るタイヤの実施形態について、図面を参照しながら例示説明する。各図において共通する構成要素には同一の符号を付している。
ここで、「適用リム」とは、タイヤが生産され、使用される地域に有効な産業規格であって、日本ではJATMA(日本自動車タイヤ協会)のJATMA YEAR BOOK、欧州ではETRTO (The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation)のSTANDARDS MANUAL、米国ではTRA (The Tire and Rim Association, Inc.)のYEAR BOOK等に記載されているまたは将来的に記載される、適用サイズにおける標準リム(ETRTOのSTANDARDS MANUALではMeasuring Rim、TRAのYEAR BOOKではDesign Rim)を指す(すなわち、上記の「リム」には、現行サイズに加えて将来的に上記産業規格に含まれ得るサイズも含む。「将来的に記載されるサイズ」の例としては、ETRTOのSTANDARDS MANUAL 2013年度版において「FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS」として記載されているサイズを挙げることができる。)が、上記産業規格に記載のないサイズの場合は、タイヤのビード幅に対応した幅のリムをいう。
また、「所定の内圧」とは、上記のJATMA YEAR BOOK等に記載されている、適用サイズ・プライレーティングにおける単輪の最大負荷能力に対応する空気圧(最高空気圧)をいい、上記産業規格に記載のないサイズの場合は、タイヤを装着する車両ごとに規定される最大負荷能力に対応する空気圧(最高空気圧)をいうものとする。
なお、ここでいう空気は、窒素ガス等の不活性ガスその他に置換することも可能である。
カーカス6は、ビードコア5間に配置されたカーカス本体部と、ビードコア5の周りにタイヤ幅方向内側からタイヤ幅方向外側へ折り返されているカーカス折り返し部と、を有していると、好適である。ただし、カーカス6は、カーカス折り返し部を有していなくてもよい。
カーカス6は、1枚又は複数枚(本実施形態では1枚)のカーカスプライを含む。各カーカスプライは、それぞれ、カーカスコードと、カーカスコードを被覆する被覆ゴムと、を有している。
カーカスコードは、スチール等の金属で構成されてもよいし、又は、ポリエステル、ナイロン、レーヨン、もしくはアラミド等の有機繊維で構成されてもよい。
複数のベルト層は、タイヤ周方向CDに沿って延びるコードを有する、少なくとも1層(本実施形態では1層)の第一ベルト層7と、周方向ベルト層よりもタイヤ径方向RDの外側に配置された、タイヤ周方向CDに対し傾斜して延びるコードを有する少なくとも1層(本実施形態では1層)の第二ベルト層8を有している。
ここで、「タイヤ周方向(CD)に沿って延びるコード」とは、コードがタイヤ周方向CDに平行である場合や、コードをゴム被覆したストリップを螺旋巻回してベルト層を形成した結果等により、コードがタイヤ周方向に対してわずかに傾斜している場合(タイヤ周方向CDに対する傾斜角度が5°以下)を含むものとする。
また、「タイヤ周方向(CD)に対し傾斜して延びるコード」」とは、上記のタイヤ周方向CDに沿って延びるコードよりも、タイヤ周方向CDに対して大きい傾斜角度で傾斜しているコードを意味しており、角度は特に限定されない。
なお、図1及び図2においては、第一ベルト層7が第二ベルト層8よりも、タイヤ幅方向長さがやや大きくなっているが、第一ベルト層7及び第二ベルト層8のタイヤ幅方向長さは、特に限定されない。
また、ICチップ10は、1つ以上のアンテナで受信する電磁波により発生する誘電起電力により動作してもよい。すなわち、通信装置9は、パッシブ型の通信装置であってもよい。或いは、通信装置9は、電池を更に備え、自らの電力により電磁波を発生して通信可能であってもよい。すなわち、通信装置9は、アクティブ型の通信装置であってもよい。
なお、通信装置9は、被覆ゴムによって被覆されていてもよい。
図1及び図4に示すように、本実施形態のタイヤ1において、通信装置9は、タイヤ最大幅位置SWHよりタイヤ径方向内側かつビードコア5のタイヤ径方向外側端位置BCEよりタイヤ径方向外側の、タイヤ径方向位置に埋設されている。また、本実施形態のタイヤ1において、通信装置9は、線状のアンテナ9a(本実施形態では第一アンテナ9a1及び第二アンテナ9a2)が、タイヤ周方向CDに沿って配置されている。
ここで、「タイヤ周方向(CD)に沿って配置」とは、直線状、波状、又は螺旋状に延びるアンテナの長手方向が、タイヤ周方向CDに平行である場合や、タイヤ周方向CDに対してわずかに傾斜している場合(タイヤ周方向CDに対する傾斜角度が5°以下)を含むものとする。
図5Aは、従来のタイヤの負荷転動時におけるベルト層の変形の中立軸について説明するための図である。図5Bは、本発明の第一実施形態のタイヤ1の負荷転動時におけるベルト層の変形の中立軸について説明するための図である。図6Aは、従来のタイヤの負荷転動時における変形について説明するための図である。図6Bは、本発明の第一実施形態のタイヤ1の負荷転動時における変形について説明するための図である。なお、図6A及び図6Bにおいて、図中の点線は変形前のタイヤの外形を表し、実線は負荷転動時のタイヤの外形を表している。
本発明に係るベルト層の構成を有しない二層のベルト層を有するタイヤにおいては、タイヤ径方向外側のベルト層と、タイヤ径方向内側のベルト層との間に変形の中立軸NAが位置し、タイヤ径方向外側のベルト層には圧縮の力が生じるとともに、タイヤ径方向内側のベルト層には引っ張りの力が生じる。この結果、トレッドゴムに伸び縮みが生じて、図6Aに実線で示すような、タイヤの輪郭がつぶれるような変形が生じ、路面への踏み込み時と、路面からの蹴り出し時における歪みが大きくなる。このとき、通信装置がタイヤに埋設されていると、上記の歪みによって通信装置の耐久性が損なわれる虞がある。一方、図5Bに示す、本発明の第一実施形態のタイヤ1においては、タイヤ周方向CDに沿って延びるコードを有する第一ベルト層7が高い剛性を発揮して、中立軸として機能する。そうすると、タイヤ径方向外側の、タイヤ周方向CDに対し傾斜して延びるコードを有する第二ベルト層8に生じる圧縮の力だけが変形に影響するため、図6Bに実線で示すように、タイヤが環状の形状を保ったまま持ち上げられたような形状となる。この場合、タイヤの路面への踏み込み時と、路面からの蹴り出し時におけるタイヤ周方向の歪みが抑制される。このような、タイヤ周方向の変形が抑制されたタイヤ1において、線状のアンテナ9aがタイヤ1の周方向に沿うように埋設されることで、長手状のアンテナ9aへの影響が緩和され、通信装置9の十分な耐久性を確保することができる。
図7に示す、ベルト構造の他の例においては、第一ベルト層7のタイヤ径方向外側に、第二ベルト層8A及び第二ベルト層8Bが配置されている。
上記構成によれば、タイヤ周方向CDに対し傾斜して延びるコードを有する第二ベルト層8に生じる圧縮の力が1層のときよりも大きくなるのに加えて、中立軸として機能する第一ベルト層7が、第二ベルト層8の枚数が増えることでよりタイヤ径方向内側となり、タイヤ径方向内側において剛性を発揮してタイヤ周方向の歪みがさらに抑制されるため、より効果的に通信装置9の十分な耐久性を確保することができる。
タイヤ1の直進時の走行においては、ベルト層のコードのタイヤ周方向からの傾斜角度が小さい程、トレッド部にかかるタイヤ周方向の張力を負担しやすい傾向があるが、上記傾斜角度によれば、第二ベルト層8のタイヤ周方向の張力の負担が相対的に小さくなる。そうすると、第二ベルト層8よりもタイヤ径方向内側における張力の負担が高まり、タイヤ径方向内側で中立軸となる第一ベルト層7によって、タイヤの変形を抑制しやすくなる。これにより、タイヤの周方向の歪みがさらに抑制されるため、より効果的に通信装置9の十分な耐久性を確保することができる。
より好ましくは、通信装置9の十分な耐久性を確保する観点から、傾斜角度θ1は、50°~65°である。
図7に示す、ベルト構造の他の例においては、第二ベルト層8A及び第二ベルト層8Bの傾斜角度θ2及びθ3は、タイヤ周方向CDに対する傾斜角度は同じであるが、タイヤ赤道面CLに対して異なる向きに傾斜しており、互いに交差する向きに延びている。
また、傾斜角度θ2及びθ3がそれぞれ異なる場合においては、傾斜角度θ2及びθ3のいずれかが、45°~70°であることが好ましい。
上記構成によれば、通信装置9の十分な耐久性をより効果的に確保するとともに、通信装置9の十分な通信性を確保することができる。
上記構成によれば、中立軸となる第一ベルト層7がタイヤ径方向内側で確実に中立軸として機能し、タイヤの変形を抑制しやすくなる。そうすると、タイヤの周方向の歪みがさらに抑制されるため、より効果的に通信装置9の十分な耐久性を確保することができる。
本実施形態のタイヤ1においては、図8に示すように、第一ベルト層のタイヤ径方向内側に、タイヤ周方向CDに対する傾斜角度θ4が45°~70°で傾斜して延びるコードを有する、第三ベルト層12を有していてもよい。
なお、タイヤ1が第三ベルト層12を有するとき、第一ベルト層7及び第二ベルト層8の枚数は、1層以上であれば特に限定されず、第二ベルト層8のコードの傾斜角度θ5についても、特に限定されない。
また、図8において、第三ベルト層12は、第一ベルト層7よりも、タイヤ幅方向長さがやや小さく、第二ベルト層8と同程度のタイヤ幅方向長さを有しているが、第一ベルト層7、第二ベルト層8及び第三ベルト層12のタイヤ幅方向長さは、特に限定されない。
Claims (6)
- 一対のビード部に埋設された、一対のビードコアと、前記一対のビードコアにトロイダル状に跨るカーカスと、該カーカスのクラウン部のタイヤ径方向外側に配置された、複数のベルト層と、を有するタイヤであって、
前記複数のベルト層は、タイヤ周方向に沿って延びるコードを有する、少なくとも1層の第一ベルト層と、前記周方向ベルト層よりもタイヤ径方向外側に配置された、タイヤ周方向に対し傾斜して延びるコードを有する少なくとも1層の第二ベルト層と、を有し、
タイヤ最大幅位置よりタイヤ径方向内側かつ前記ビードコアのタイヤ径方向外側端位置よりタイヤ径方向外側の、タイヤ径方向位置に、ICチップと、前記ICチップに接続される少なくとも1つの線状のアンテナとを有する通信装置が埋設されており、
前記通信装置は、前記線状のアンテナが、タイヤ周方向に沿って配置されていることを特徴とする、タイヤ。 - 前記第二ベルト層は、2層以上である、請求項1に記載のタイヤ。
- 前記第二ベルト層の少なくとも1層は、タイヤ周方向に対して45°~70°の角度で傾斜して延びるコードを有する、請求項1又は2に記載のタイヤ。
- 前記第一ベルト層のタイヤ径方向内側に、ベルト層を有しない、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のタイヤ。
- 前記第一ベルト層のタイヤ径方向内側に、タイヤ周方向に対して45°~70°の角度で傾斜して延びるコードを有する第三ベルト層を有する、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のタイヤ。
- 前記通信装置は、RFタグである、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のタイヤ。
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