WO2023283787A1 - 无线通信系统、无线通信方法、装置、设备及存储介质 - Google Patents

无线通信系统、无线通信方法、装置、设备及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023283787A1
WO2023283787A1 PCT/CN2021/105849 CN2021105849W WO2023283787A1 WO 2023283787 A1 WO2023283787 A1 WO 2023283787A1 CN 2021105849 W CN2021105849 W CN 2021105849W WO 2023283787 A1 WO2023283787 A1 WO 2023283787A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
unit
wireless communication
interface
cluster
user plane
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PCT/CN2021/105849
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李海涛
崔欢喜
肖振宇
卢飞
陈景然
于新磊
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Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
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Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
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Application filed by Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd filed Critical Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority to EP21949583.5A priority Critical patent/EP4346328A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/105849 priority patent/WO2023283787A1/zh
Priority to CN202180098035.1A priority patent/CN117296442A/zh
Publication of WO2023283787A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023283787A1/zh
Priority to US18/397,138 priority patent/US20240137108A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices
    • H04W88/085—Access point devices with remote components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
    • H04B7/18513—Transmission in a satellite or space-based system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/04—Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices
    • H04W92/10—Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices between terminal device and access point, i.e. wireless air interface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/06—Airborne or Satellite Networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/04—Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and in particular to a wireless communication system, a wireless communication method, device, equipment, and storage medium.
  • Non-Terrestrial Network NTN
  • the NTN network has two architectures: transparent forwarding and regenerative.
  • transparent forwarding architecture the satellite acts as a relay node between the terminal and the ground base station, and the functions of the base station and the core network are all located on the ground.
  • the satellite In the renewable architecture, the satellite is equipped with a complete base station or distributed unit (Distribute Unit, DU), while the functions of the core network are all located on the ground.
  • DU distributed unit
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a wireless communication system, a wireless communication method, device, device, and storage medium. Described technical scheme is as follows:
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication system
  • the wireless communication system includes: a radio frequency unit and a core network cluster, where the core network cluster includes a control plane unit cluster and a user plane unit cluster;
  • the radio frequency unit is configured to forward wireless signals between the core network cluster and the terminal;
  • control plane unit cluster There is a first interface between the control plane unit cluster and the terminal, and the first interface is used to transmit control plane messages between the terminal and the control plane unit cluster;
  • the protocol stack corresponding to the first interface on the user side includes: Non Access Stratum Session Management (Non Access Stratum Session Management, NAS-SM) protocol, Non Access Stratum Mobility Management (NAS Mobility Management, NAS-MM) protocol, radio resource control (Radio Resource Control, RRC) protocol, packet data convergence protocol (Packet Data Convergence Protocol, PDCP) and new air interface physical layer (New Radio Physical, NR-PHY) protocol;
  • Non Access Stratum Session Management Non Access Stratum Session Management, NAS-SM
  • Non Access Stratum Mobility Management NAS Mobility Management
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol
  • New Radio Physical, NR-PHY New Radio Physical
  • the protocol stack corresponding to the first interface on the network side includes: NAS-SM protocol, NAS-MM protocol, RRC protocol, control plane packet data convergence protocol (PDCP Control Plane, PDCP-CP) and session initiation relay interface (Session Initiation Protocol Relay Interface, SRI) agreement.
  • NAS-SM protocol NAS-MM protocol
  • RRC protocol control plane packet data convergence protocol
  • PDCP Control Plane PDCP-CP
  • Session Initiation Protocol Relay Interface Session Initiation Protocol Relay Interface
  • the protocol stack corresponding to the second interface on the user side includes: Packet Data Unit (Packet Data Unit, PDU) protocol, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (Service Data Adaptation Protocol, SDAP), PDCP , Radio Link Control (RLC), Media Access Control (MAC) protocol, and NR-PHY protocol;
  • Packet Data Unit Packet Data Unit, PDU
  • Service Data Adaptation Protocol Service Data Adaptation Protocol
  • SDAP Service Data Adaptation Protocol
  • PDCP Service Data Adaptation Protocol
  • RLC Radio Link Control
  • MAC Media Access Control
  • NR-PHY protocol NR-PHY protocol
  • the protocol stack corresponding to the second interface on the network side includes: PDU protocol, SDAP, user plane packet data convergence protocol (PDCP User Plane, PDCP-UP), RLC, MAC protocol, PHY protocol, and relay interface SRI protocol.
  • control plane unit cluster includes a centralized control plane fusion unit
  • the first interface includes an interface between the terminal and the centralized control plane fusion unit;
  • the centralized control plane fusion unit includes the radio resource control RRC function, the packet data convergence protocol PDCP-CP function of the control plane, and the access and mobility management function.
  • the first interface is used to transmit at least one of the following signaling:
  • Non-access stratum NAS messages signaling for access management, signaling for mobility management, signaling for network radio resource management, and radio bearer control signaling for user packet data units.
  • the centralized control plane fusion unit communicates with other units in the control plane unit cluster through a service-based interface.
  • control plane unit cluster includes at least one of the following:
  • AUSF Authentication Server Function
  • RIC Radio Access Network Intelligent Controller
  • SMF Session Management Function
  • NEF Network Exposure Function
  • NRF Network Repository Function
  • PCF Policy Control Function
  • UDM Unified Data Management
  • AF Application Function
  • the user plane unit cluster includes a distributed unit DU and a centralized user plane fusion unit;
  • the second interface includes an interface between the terminal and a DU
  • the centralized user plane fusion unit includes user plane packet data convergence protocol PDCP-UP function, SDAP function and user plane function (User Plane Function, UPF).
  • PDCP-UP function user plane packet data convergence protocol
  • SDAP function user plane function
  • UPF User Plane Function
  • the second interface is used to perform at least one of the following transmission functions:
  • the user data is transmitted to the DU, which is demodulated and decoded by the DU;
  • the user's session data unit (Session Data Unit, SDU) is transmitted to the DU, and the DU transmits the SDU to the centralized user plane fusion unit.
  • Session Data Unit SDU
  • the centralized user plane fusion unit includes a relay centralized user plane fusion unit and an anchor point centralized user plane fusion unit;
  • the relay centralized user plane fusion unit and the anchor point centralized user plane fusion unit communicate through a service-based interface; and when the relay centralized user plane fusion unit and the anchor point centralized When at least one of the user plane fusion units is deployed on the satellite, the communication between the relay centralized user plane fusion unit and the anchor point centralized user plane fusion unit is transparently transmitted through the SRI interface;
  • the DU is used to transmit the PDU or SDU to the relay centralized user plane fusion unit through a logical interface
  • the relay centralized user plane fusion unit is configured to transmit PDUs or SDUs to the anchor point centralized user plane fusion unit through the service-based interface.
  • the DU includes a channel codec function deployed in a network function virtualization manner, a Multiple-In Multiple-Out (MIMO) function, and a fast Fourier transform (Fast Fourier Transform, FFT) and Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) functions.
  • MIMO Multiple-In Multiple-Out
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transform
  • IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform
  • control plane unit cluster has the function of a centralized unit (Centralized Unit, CU) in the new air interface NR system;
  • CU Centralized Unit
  • the user plane unit cluster has the function of a centralized unit CU in the NR system deployed through network function virtualization.
  • the user plane unit cluster has a function of a distributed unit DU in an NR system deployed in a network function virtualization manner.
  • control plane unit cluster has the function of a centralized unit CU in the NR system deployed through network function virtualization;
  • the user plane unit cluster has the function of a distributed unit DU in the NR system deployed through network function virtualization.
  • control plane unit cluster has the functions of the centralized unit CU and the distributed unit DU in the NR system deployed through network function virtualization.
  • the user plane unit cluster has the functions of the centralized unit CU and the distributed unit DU in the NR system deployed through network function virtualization.
  • the distributed unit DU has a baseband processing function.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication method, the method is executed by the network side device in the above wireless communication system, and the method includes:
  • the control plane message is transmitted with the terminal through the first interface between the control plane unit cluster and the terminal.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication method, the method is executed by the network side device in the above wireless communication system, and the method includes:
  • the second interface is provided between the user plane unit cluster and the terminal, and user data is transmitted with the terminal.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication method, the method is executed by a terminal, and the method includes:
  • the wireless communication system is the wireless communication system as described above.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication device, the device is used in the network side equipment in the above wireless communication system, and the device includes:
  • the message transmission module is configured to transmit control plane messages with the terminal through the first interface between the control plane unit cluster and the terminal.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication device, the device is used in the network side equipment in the above wireless communication system, and the device includes:
  • the data transmission module is configured to transmit user data with the terminal through a second interface between the user plane unit cluster and the terminal.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication device, the device is used in a terminal, and the device includes:
  • a message transmission module configured to transmit a control plane message with the control plane unit cluster through a first interface with the control plane unit cluster in the wireless communication system
  • a data transmission module configured to transmit user data with the user plane unit cluster through a second interface with the user plane unit cluster in the wireless communication system
  • the wireless communication system is the wireless communication system as described above.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer device, the computer device includes a processor, a memory, and a transceiver, the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is used to be executed by the processor to The wireless communication method described above is implemented.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored in the storage medium, and the computer program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the foregoing wireless communication method.
  • a computer program product or computer program comprising computer instructions stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the processor of the computer device reads the computer instruction from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instruction, so that the computer device executes the above wireless communication method.
  • control plane and the user plane in the access network and the core network are further aggregated to form a control plane unit cluster and a user plane unit cluster, and wireless signal forwarding is performed between the terminal and the unit cluster on the network side through the radio frequency unit.
  • the control plane unit cluster and the user plane unit cluster are respectively connected to the terminal through the interface, thus redefining the interface between the terminal, the user plane and the control plane, realizing the customization of the network, simplifying the process of signaling interaction, and reducing the The transmission delay improves the stability of the network.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a system architecture diagram of a 5G system
  • FIG. 3 is a system architecture diagram of a wireless communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a system architecture diagram of a wireless communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a protocol stack from the user to the control plane involved in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of message transmission on the control plane involved in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a protocol stack from the user to the user plane involved in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the user plane protocol stack of the PDU session involved in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a wireless communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a wireless communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a wireless communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a block diagram of a wireless communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 13 is a block diagram of a wireless communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 14 is a block diagram of a wireless communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute limitations on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the evolution of the technology and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the network architecture may include: a terminal 10 and a wireless communication system 20 .
  • the number of terminals 10 is usually plural.
  • the terminal 10 may include various handheld devices with wireless communication functions, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, as well as various forms of user equipment (User Equipment, UE), mobile station ( Mobile Station, MS), terminal device (terminal device) and so on.
  • UE User Equipment
  • MS Mobile Station
  • terminal device terminal device
  • the wireless communication system 20 includes a radio frequency unit 20a and a core network cluster 20b.
  • each radio frequency unit 20a can provide communication services for one or more terminals 10 .
  • the core network cluster 20b is used to implement all or part of the functions of the core network in the 5G NR system.
  • the core network cluster 20b can also be used to implement all or part of the functions of the access network in the 5G NR system.
  • the core network cluster 20b may include multiple functional units, and the multiple functional units are respectively used to implement different functions in the core network and/or the access network.
  • the radio frequency unit 20a and the core network cluster 20b may be respectively set in a terrestrial network or a non-terrestrial network.
  • the radio frequency unit 20a may be set in a base station on the ground, or may be set in an atmospheric flight platform such as a drone or a manned aircraft, or may be set in a satellite platform.
  • All or part of the functional units in the above-mentioned core network cluster 20b may be set in the base station, or all or part of the functional units may be set in the flight platforms in the atmosphere such as drones, manned aircraft, and airships, or all or part of the functional units may also be Can be set in the satellite platform.
  • the "5G NR system" in the embodiments of the present disclosure may also be called a 5G system or an NR system, but those skilled in the art can understand its meaning.
  • the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to the 5G NR system, and can also be applied to the subsequent evolution system of the 5G NR system. For example, it can be applied to the air space of the 6th Generation Mobile Communication Network (6G). Space-ground integrated network architecture.
  • 6G 6th Generation Mobile Communication Network
  • the 5G NR system is a new generation of wireless communication system proposed based on users' requirements for wireless communication speed, delay, high-speed mobility, and energy efficiency, as well as the diversity and complexity of wireless communication services in future life.
  • the main application scenarios of the 5G system are: Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC), Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) ).
  • eMBB Enhanced Mobile Broadband
  • URLLC Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications
  • mMTC Massive Machine Type Communication
  • the network side is divided into radio access network (Radio Access Network, RAN) and core network (Core Network, CN).
  • RAN Radio Access Network
  • Core Network Core Network
  • FIG. 2 shows a system architecture diagram of a 5G system.
  • the access network part mainly includes the base station 21, and the base station 21 in the 5G NR system can be divided into an active antenna unit (Active Antenna Unit, AAU) 21a and a baseband processing unit (Building Base Band Unite, BBU) 21b in two parts.
  • AAU has antenna function and some physical layer functions
  • BBU can be divided into distributed unit DU and centralized unit CU.
  • DU is responsible for high real-time physical layer PHY, medium access control MAC layer and wireless link control.
  • the function of the RLC layer, the CU is responsible for the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer and the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer that do not require high real-time performance.
  • PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the core network 22 includes a control plane functional unit 22a and a user plane functional unit 22b; wherein, the control plane functional unit 22a may include AMF, authentication service functional unit AUSF, wireless smart The control unit RIC, the session management function unit SMF, the network opening function unit NEF, the network storage function unit NRF, the policy control function unit PCF, the unified data management function unit UDM, and the application function unit AF, etc.; the function unit 22b of the user plane may include User plane function UPF unit.
  • the control plane functional unit 22a may include AMF, authentication service functional unit AUSF, wireless smart The control unit RIC, the session management function unit SMF, the network opening function unit NEF, the network storage function unit NRF, the policy control function unit PCF, the unified data management function unit UDM, and the application function unit AF, etc.
  • the function unit 22b of the user plane may include User plane function UPF unit.
  • Satellite communication is not restricted by the user's region. For example, general land communication cannot cover areas such as oceans, mountains, deserts, etc. that cannot be equipped with communication equipment or are not covered by communication due to sparse population. For satellite communication, due to a Satellites can cover a large area of the ground, and satellites can orbit the earth, so theoretically every corner of the earth can be covered by satellite communications. Secondly, satellite communication has great social value.
  • Satellite communication can be covered at a lower cost in remote mountainous areas, poor and backward countries or regions, so that people in these regions can enjoy advanced voice communication and mobile Internet technology, which is conducive to narrowing the digital gap with developed regions and promoting development of these areas.
  • the distance of satellite communication is long, and the cost of communication does not increase significantly with the increase of communication distance; finally, the stability of satellite communication is high, and it is not limited by natural disasters.
  • Communication satellites are divided into Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites, Medium-Earth Orbit (MEO) satellites, Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellites, and high elliptical orbit satellites according to their orbital heights. (High Elliptical Orbit, HEO) satellites and so on.
  • LEO Low-Earth Orbit
  • MEO Medium-Earth Orbit
  • GEO Geostationary Earth Orbit
  • HEO High Elliptical Orbit
  • the altitude range of low-orbit satellites is 500km to 1500km, and the corresponding orbital period is about 1.5 hours to 2 hours.
  • the signal propagation delay of single-hop communication between users is generally less than 20ms.
  • the maximum satellite visible time is 20 minutes.
  • the signal propagation distance is short, the link loss is small, and the requirements for the transmission power of the user terminal are not high.
  • Satellites in geosynchronous orbit have an orbital altitude of 35786km and a period of 24 hours around the earth.
  • the signal propagation delay of single-hop communication between users is generally 250ms.
  • satellites use multi-beams to cover the ground.
  • a satellite can form dozens or even hundreds of beams to cover the ground; a satellite beam can cover tens to hundreds of kilometers in diameter. ground area.
  • the NTN network involves not only LEO and GEO, but also other high-altitude platforms, such as unmanned aerial vehicles or manned aircraft, etc.
  • the above-mentioned high-altitude platforms can cover an altitude range of 8 kilometers to 35,786 kilometers.
  • the architecture of the 5G NR network is divided into an access network and a core network, and the access network and the core network are respectively provided with functions of a control plane and a user plane.
  • Low-orbit satellites cover a certain area for a relatively short period of time, while medium and high-orbit satellites cover a long period of time. Due to the high speed of satellite movement, the topology of the satellite network will change rapidly.
  • the topology of large-scale low-orbit constellation networks has complex spatiotemporal variations. Therefore, if the 5G NR network architecture is used to support NTN, there are at least the following disadvantages:
  • N3 interface between the access network and the user plane function UPF
  • N4 interface session The interface between the management function SMF and UPF
  • N1 signalaling plane interface between UE and AMF
  • N2 RAN and AMF
  • N3 the interface between the UPF and the data network
  • Namf the AMF function interface based on the service interface
  • Nsmf the SMF function interface based on the service interface
  • Satellites have limited computing, storage and energy.
  • Satellite payload resources, processing power, packet processing, and satellite bandwidth resources are limited. Since satellites operate in space, they are limited in size, resulting in limited payload resources.
  • network-related resources are very limited. Therefore, in a satellite design system, resources are the key constraints. Therefore, the industry needs to define the functions that are lightweight, stable, easy to maintain, and necessary for satellite networks.
  • the overall functions of the core network and access network of the 5G network architecture are not suitable for deployment on satellites. Because, the dedicated equipment of the user plane of the access network and the core network is not easy to be maintained.
  • the embodiment of this application proposes a new wireless communication system architecture, which can be implemented as an air-space integrated wireless communication architecture.
  • FIG. 3 shows a system architecture diagram of a wireless communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless communication system may include: a radio frequency unit 301 and a core network cluster 302, the core network cluster Including control plane unit cluster 302a and user plane unit cluster 302b;
  • the radio frequency unit 301 is configured to forward wireless signals between the core network cluster 302 and the terminal;
  • control plane unit cluster 302a There is a first interface between the control plane unit cluster 302a and the terminal, and the first interface is used to transmit a control plane message between the terminal and the control plane unit cluster 302a;
  • control plane message includes at least one of non-access stratum NAS message, radio resource control signaling, access and mobility management signaling, and radio bearer control signaling;
  • the second interface is used to transmit user data between the terminal and the user plane unit cluster 302b.
  • the functions of the control plane and the user plane in the access network and the core network are further aggregated to form a control plane unit cluster and a user plane unit cluster, and through the radio frequency unit Wireless signal forwarding is performed between the terminal and the unit cluster on the network side, and the control plane unit cluster and the user plane unit cluster are respectively connected to the terminal through interfaces, thereby redefining the interface between the terminal, the user plane and the control plane, and realizing network integration. It can be customized, which simplifies the process of signaling interaction, reduces the transmission delay, and improves the stability of the network.
  • FIG. 4 shows a system architecture diagram of a wireless communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless communication system may include: a radio frequency unit 401 and a core network cluster 402, the core network cluster Including control plane unit cluster 402a and user plane unit cluster 402b;
  • a radio frequency unit 401 configured to forward wireless signals between the core network cluster 402 and the terminal;
  • first interface 403 between the control plane unit cluster 402a and the terminal, and the first interface 403 is used to transmit control plane messages between the terminal and the control plane unit cluster 402a;
  • the first interface 403 may be called an NR1 interface.
  • the wireless communication system includes a unit (i.e., a radio frequency unit) and two planes (i.e., the above-mentioned control plane unit cluster and user plane unit cluster), and separates the control plane and the user plane from the hardware level, and at the same time , the control plane message and the user plane message between the terminal and the core network are transmitted through different interfaces respectively.
  • a unit i.e., a radio frequency unit
  • two planes i.e., the above-mentioned control plane unit cluster and user plane unit cluster
  • the radio frequency unit 401 has a basic wireless signal forwarding function, for example, the radio frequency unit 401 has a radio frequency (Radio Frequency, RF) function, an analog-to-digital conversion (Convert Analog Digital, AD) function and a digital-to-analog conversion ( Digital Analog Convert, DA) function.
  • RF Radio Frequency
  • AD Analog Digital
  • DA Digital Analog Convert
  • control plane unit cluster 402a may have related functions related to the control plane in the access network and core network in the 5G NR system.
  • the above-mentioned user plane unit cluster 402b may have related functions related to the user plane in the access network and the core network in the 5G NR system.
  • control plane unit cluster 402a and the user plane unit cluster 402b respectively have interfaces with terminals.
  • control plane unit cluster 402a the interface between the control plane unit cluster 402a and the terminal is used to transmit control plane-related messages/signaling, such as NAS messages, radio resource control signaling, access and mobility management signaling, and radio bearer control signaling etc.
  • control plane-related messages/signaling such as NAS messages, radio resource control signaling, access and mobility management signaling, and radio bearer control signaling etc.
  • the interface between the above-mentioned user plane unit cluster 402b and the terminal is used to transmit user plane data, such as transmission of PDU and SDU, and so on.
  • the protocol stack corresponding to the first interface on the user side includes: non-access stratum session management NAS-SM protocol, non-access stratum mobility management NAS-MM protocol, radio resource control RRC protocol , packet data convergence protocol PDCP and new air interface physical layer NR-PHY protocol;
  • the protocol stack corresponding to the first interface on the network side includes: NAS-SM protocol, NAS-MM protocol, RRC protocol, control plane packet data convergence protocol PDCP-CP, and session initiation relay interface SRI protocol.
  • the protocol stack of the first interface between the control plane unit cluster 402a and the terminal also mainly involves control plane-related protocols, such as , where the packet data convergence protocol PDCP is the PDCP-CP related to the control plane; in addition, in order to facilitate the integrated deployment of air and space, the protocol stack of the above-mentioned first interface also supports the SRI protocol for signal transparent transmission.
  • control plane-related protocols such as , where the packet data convergence protocol PDCP is the PDCP-CP related to the control plane; in addition, in order to facilitate the integrated deployment of air and space, the protocol stack of the above-mentioned first interface also supports the SRI protocol for signal transparent transmission.
  • the protocol stack corresponding to the second interface on the user side includes: packet data unit PDU protocol, service data adaptation protocol SDAP, PDCP, radio link layer control protocol RLC, media access control MAC protocol , and the NR-PHY protocol;
  • the protocol stack corresponding to the second interface on the network side includes: PDU protocol, SDAP, user plane packet data convergence protocol PDCP-UP, RLC, MAC protocol, PHY protocol, and SRI protocol.
  • the protocol stack of the second interface between the user plane unit cluster 402b and the terminal also mainly involves user plane related protocols, such as , where the packet data convergence protocol PDCP is the PDCP-UP related to the user plane; in addition, in order to facilitate integrated air-space deployment, the protocol stack of the above-mentioned second interface also supports the SRI protocol for signal transparent transmission.
  • user plane related protocols such as , where the packet data convergence protocol PDCP is the PDCP-UP related to the user plane
  • the protocol stack of the above-mentioned second interface also supports the SRI protocol for signal transparent transmission.
  • part of the functions in the access network AAU and BBU in the 5G NR system can be virtualized, leaving the AD/DA/RF functions as the above-mentioned radio frequency unit, virtualized in the AAU and BBU Merge functions and DU to form a new DU unit (the unit involved in the embodiment of this application can also be called a network unit, or a unit); separate the control plane and data plane of the CU unit in the 5G NR system into a control plane Plane centralized unit (Centralized Unit Control Plane, CU-CP) and user plane centralized unit (Centralized Unit User Plane, CU-UP), CU-CP performs functional reorganization with the AMF of the core network (referred to as CU-UP in this application CP-AMF), CU-UP and the UPF of the core network are reorganized (referred to as CU-UP-UPF in this application), the core network and the access network are integrated, and the CU-CP-AMF and other control plane functional units (such as The
  • control plane unit cluster 402a includes a centralized control plane fusion unit 402a1;
  • the first interface 403 includes an interface between the terminal and the centralized control plane fusion unit;
  • the centralized control plane fusion unit includes the radio resource control RRC function, the packet data convergence protocol PDCP-CP function of the control plane, and the access and mobility management function.
  • the control plane and data plane in the CU unit of the RAN can be separated into CU-CP and CU-UP.
  • the functional composition of the original CU is RRC, PDCP, and SDAP.
  • the functional composition of the CU-CP is RRC and PDCP-CP
  • the main functions completed include radio resource control, dynamic management, PDU unlimited bearer control, etc.
  • CU-UP is composed of PDCP-UP and SDAP, and the main functions completed include QoS flow routing, DU header Internal compression, reorganization of numbering, etc.
  • the above-mentioned CU-CP is integrated with the core network control plane unit AMF.
  • functions related to mobility management and access control in the CU-CP are integrated with the AMF unit to form a new functional unit, namely CU-CP -AMF.
  • the CU-CP-AMF unit can be deployed on a common platform (such as X86, etc.) by using NFV technology.
  • a common platform such as X86, etc.
  • NFV technology due to the limited resources of satellite networks and space-based platforms, it is difficult to carry common platforms such as X86.
  • a lightweight CU-CP-AMF unit can be built on a programmable platform.
  • the aforementioned programmable platform may be a programmable Field Programmable Gate Array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), a chipset accelerator, and the like.
  • control message transmitted by the first interface includes at least one of the following messages:
  • Non-access stratum NAS messages signaling for access management, signaling for mobility management, signaling for network radio resource management, and radio bearer control signaling for user packet data units.
  • the first interface may be applied to transmit non-access stratum NAS messages, radio resource control signaling, access and mobility management signaling, and radio bearer control signaling between the terminal and the network side. Messages related to the control plane.
  • the centralized control plane fusion unit communicates with other units in the control plane unit cluster through a service-based interface
  • the service-based interface may be based on hypertext transfer protocol ( Hyper Text Transfer Protocol, HTTP) logical interface, and at least one of the segment routing Internet Protocol (Segment Routing Internet Protocol Version 6, SRv6) interface.
  • control plane unit cluster includes at least one of the following:
  • Authentication service function unit AUSF wireless intelligent control unit RIC, session management function unit SMF, network opening function unit NEF, network storage function unit NRF, policy control function unit PCF, unified data management function unit UDM, and application function unit AF.
  • control plane unit cluster includes CU-CP-AMF, AUSF, RIC, SMF, NEF, NRF, PCF, UDM, and AF as an example for illustration, and the above control plane unit cluster can also be Including other functional units related to the control plane, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number and types of network units included in the control plane unit cluster.
  • the CU-CP-AMF unit may be a unit deployed based on microservice technology, therefore, the interface between the CU-CP-AMF unit and other units inside the control plane may be a service-based interface, For example, based on the HTTP/HTTP2.0 interface.
  • the interface N2 with the AMF there are mainly two interfaces between the CU and the core network, one is the interface N2 with the AMF, and the other is the interface N3 with the UPF.
  • the N2 interface used to return control signaling is cancelled, and the user's NAS messages and other control plane messages do not need to be transparently transmitted through the N2 interface.
  • control plane messages such as NAS messages or radio bearer control signaling are directly transmitted and carried through the new interface NR1.
  • the N3 interface used for CU-UP and UPF is canceled, and the CU-CP-AMF unit and other units are based on microservice technology, so CU-CP-AMF and CU-UP-UPF
  • the inter-interface 405 may adopt a service-based interface, and the service-based interface includes at least one of an HTTP protocol interface (such as an HTTP/HTTP2.0 protocol interface) and a Segment Routing Internet Protocol SRv6 interface.
  • control plane unit cluster 402a and the user plane unit cluster 402b may also use a service-based interface.
  • interface 406 between CU-CP-AMF and DU may also use a service-based interface.
  • interface 407 between RIC and CU-UP-UPF may also use a service-based interface.
  • the service-based interface between various network elements may be a unified service-based interface, or the above-mentioned interfaces between various network elements may also be different service-based interfaces.
  • the interfaces between the above network units can also use the interfaces in the 5G NR system.
  • the protocol stack of the NR1 interface includes the inter-satellite interface protocol stack.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a protocol stack from a user to a control plane when used in an air-space-ground integrated network according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • this embodiment of the present application defines a new interface between the user and the control plane, where the control plane protocol stack on the user side consists of NAS-SM, NAS-MM, RRC, PDCP, and NR-PHY, and the CU-
  • the protocol stack of CP-AMF mainly includes NAS-SM, NAS-MM, RRC, PDCP-C and SRI protocols.
  • the interface NR1 can directly carry NAS messages such as random access messages (msg), SM messages, Short Message Service messages (Short Message Service, SMS), terminal policy (UE policy) messages, location service (Location Service, LCS) Wait.
  • NAS messages such as random access messages (msg), SM messages, Short Message Service messages (Short Message Service, SMS), terminal policy (UE policy) messages, location service (Location Service, LCS) Wait.
  • msg random access messages
  • SMS Short Message Service
  • UE policy terminal policy
  • LCS Location Service
  • the functions corresponding to the first interface corresponding to the NAS-MM, RRC, PDCP-CP and SRI protocols between the network sides can be deployed in the CU-CP-AMF unit, and the NAS -SM function can be deployed in SMF unit, CU-CP-AMF unit provides NAS-SM relay (NAS-SM relay) function, used to deliver the message/data required by NAS-SM function to SMF unit; CU-CP -
  • the AMF unit and the SMF unit can communicate through the N11 interface, or can also communicate through the service-based interface (such as the service-based SMF interface, that is, the Nsmf interface), and the SMF unit can also be connected to the data network DN through the N6 interface .
  • the main functions of the NR1 interface include but are not limited to the following functions:
  • Mobility management signaling responsible for user access management; responsible for user handover within and between base stations, and user handover between networks. Mobility management signaling is terminated at CU-CP- AMF;
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of message transmission on the control plane involved in the embodiment of the present application.
  • NAS messages Take NAS messages as an example.
  • the NAS message of the user UE is transmitted to the CU-CP-AMF through the NR1 interface, the NAS-MM message is processed by the CU-CP-AMF, and the rest of the NAS messages are sent by the logical interface between the CU-CP-AMF and other networks Forwarding to SMF, PCF and other units.
  • the NAS-MM message is transmitted by the CU-CP-AMF to the SMF unit for processing through the N11 or Nsmf interface (that is, the service-based SMF interface), and the SMS message is transmitted by the CU-CP-AMF through the N20 or Nsmsf interface (ie the service-based SMSF interface) is transmitted to the Short Message Service Function (SMSF) unit for processing, and the UE policy (UE-Policy) message is passed by the CU-CP-AMF through the N15 or Npcf interface (ie the service-based PCF interface) to the PCF unit for processing, and the LCS message is transmitted to the Gateway Mobile Location Center (Gateway Mobile Location Center, GMLC) unit for processing by the CU-CP-AMF through the NLg or Ngmlc interface (that is, the service-based GMLC interface).
  • GMLC Gateway Mobile Location Center
  • the user plane unit cluster 402b includes a distributed unit DU (402b1), and a centralized user plane fusion unit 402b2;
  • the second interface 404 includes an interface between the terminal and the DU and the centralized user plane fusion unit 402b2;
  • the centralized user plane fusion unit includes user plane packet data convergence protocol PDCP-UP function, SDAP function and user plane function UPF.
  • CU-UP includes PDCP-UP and SDAP functions, and this part of the functions is mainly related to the packet data unit.
  • the embodiment of the present application defines this part of the functions as a new unit CU-UP-UPF (That is, the above-mentioned centralized user plane fusion unit 402b2), the main functions include but are not limited to: dedicated to processing services related to PDU and SDU, and user data forwarding.
  • the second interface is used to perform at least one of the following transmission functions:
  • the user data is transmitted to the DU, which is demodulated and decoded by the DU;
  • the user's SDU is transmitted to the DU, and the DU transmits the SDU to the centralized user plane fusion unit.
  • the functions of the second interface may include the following:
  • the centralized user plane fusion unit 402b2 includes a relay centralized user plane fusion unit and an anchor point centralized user plane fusion unit;
  • the relay centralized user plane fusion unit and the anchor point centralized user plane fusion unit communicate through a service-based interface; and when the relay centralized user plane fusion unit and the anchor point centralized user plane fusion unit When at least one of them is deployed on the high-altitude platform, the communication between the relay centralized user plane fusion unit and the anchor point centralized user plane fusion unit is transparently transmitted through the SRI interface;
  • the DU is used to transmit the PDU or SDU to the relay centralized user plane fusion unit through a logical interface
  • the relay centralized user plane fusion unit is configured to transmit the PDU or SDU to the anchor point centralized user plane fusion unit through the service-based interface.
  • the DU includes the channel codec function, multiple-input multiple-output MIMO function, fast Fourier transform FFT function, and fast Fourier inverse transform IFFT function deployed in the form of network function virtualization. at least one of the
  • the DU can be responsible for processing tasks related to user wireless signal processing, etc., and send the message to the CU-UP-UPF unit for encryption, numbering, QoS flow routing and other operations;
  • the interface with the CU-UP-UPF may be a microservice-based interface in the architecture involved in the embodiment of the present application, so a standard microservice interface may be used, and the protocol may be HTTP/HTTP2.0.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a protocol stack from the user to the user plane involved in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application defines that the second interface for the user to access the user plane is NR3.
  • the NR3 interface includes part of the protocol stack of the original NR interface: RLC, MAC, PHY-H (PHY-High, the upper layer of the PHY) and SRI. Since RU and DU can be connected through the star chain, the protocol stack also includes the SRI interface; that is, the message of the NR3 interface can be transparently transmitted on the interface SRI between satellites.
  • the SRI protocol function is deployed in RU and DU, that is, RU and DU can be deployed on different high-altitude platforms, and carry out message transmission through the SRI interface.
  • the RLC, MAC, and PHY-H functions are deployed in the DU, and the PDU, SDAP, and PDCP-UP functions are deployed in the CU-UP-UPF.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of the user plane protocol stack of the PDU session involved in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the flow of a PDU session is as follows:
  • the user's PDU session is transmitted to the DU unit through the RU through the NR3 interface;
  • the PDU session is transmitted to the relay CU-UP-UPF by the DU unit through the internal logical interface;
  • the relay CU-UP-UPF transparently transmits the PDU session to the anchor CU-UP-UPF on the SRI through the N9 interface;
  • the anchor CU-UP-UPF transmits the data of the PDU session to the external network through the N6 interface.
  • the functions of the control plane and the user plane in the access network and the core network are further aggregated to form a control plane unit cluster and a user plane unit cluster, and through the radio frequency unit Wireless signal forwarding is performed between the terminal and the unit cluster on the network side, and the control plane unit cluster and the user plane unit cluster are respectively connected to the terminal through interfaces, thereby redefining the interface between the terminal, the user plane and the control plane, and realizing network integration. It can be customized, which simplifies the process of signaling interaction, reduces the transmission delay, and improves the stability of the network.
  • the solution shown in Figure 4 above in this application is only to split the control plane and user plane functions of the CU in the access network of the 5G NR system and integrate them into the control plane and user plane in the core network respectively, and integrate the functions of the access network
  • the DU in the 5G NR system is integrated into the user plane in the core network as an example.
  • the access network and the core network in the 5G NR system can also be integrated in other ways to realize the network provided by the embodiment corresponding to Figure 3 architecture.
  • control plane unit cluster has the function of a centralized unit CU in the new air interface NR system;
  • the user plane unit cluster has the function of a centralized unit CU in the NR system deployed through network function virtualization.
  • the CU in the 5G NR system can be directly integrated with the core network control plane or with the user plane, and the CU and the core network together form an integrated network.
  • the core network of the network is used to implement the network architecture provided by the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3 above in this application.
  • the transmission between the terminal and the core network may be performed through a unified interface (such as an NR1 interface or an NR3 interface). That is to say, in the network architecture provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 above, the first interface and the second interface may be the same interface.
  • the user data between the terminal and the core network can be transmitted to the control plane unit cluster, and then the control plane unit cluster communicates with the user plane
  • the interface between the unit clusters (which can be a service-based interface, or the traditional network interface in the 5G NR system) is passed to the user plane unit cluster unit.
  • control plane messages between the terminal and the core network can be transmitted to the user plane unit cluster, and then the user plane unit cluster communicates with the The interface between control plane unit clusters is passed to the control plane unit cluster unit.
  • the user plane unit cluster has the function of a distributed unit DU in an NR system deployed through network function virtualization.
  • the DU of the access network in the 5G NR system in a solution of the integration of the access network and the core network in the embodiment of the present application, all or part of the functions of the DU of the access network in the 5G NR system will be integrated with the 5G NR system after service
  • control plane unit cluster has the function of a centralized unit CU in the NR system deployed through network function virtualization;
  • the user plane unit cluster has the function of a distributed unit DU in the NR system deployed through network function virtualization.
  • the CU and the core network in the 5G NR system constitutes the control plane of the converged network shown in the embodiment of this application
  • the fusion of the DU and the user plane of the core network in the 5G NR system constitutes the user plane of the converged network shown in the embodiment of this application.
  • the terminal and the core network can be transmitted through a unified interface.
  • the terminal transmits the message data to the user plane unit cluster (for example, to the UPF unit in the user plane unit cluster), which is processed or forwarded by the user plane unit cluster, wherein the message data is passed to the control plane unit after being processed by DU-related functions
  • the cluster (for example, passed to the AMF unit in the control plane unit cluster), the control plane unit cluster performs the CU first close function processing, and the control plane unit cluster performs the CU first close function processing, for the control plane message in the message data, directly It is processed by the control plane unit cluster, and the user data in the message data is sent back to the user plane unit cluster for processing.
  • control plane unit cluster has the functions of the centralized unit CU and the distributed unit DU in the NR system deployed through network function virtualization.
  • the CU and DU are integrated with the core network control plane in the 5G NR system to form the network architecture provided by the embodiment corresponding to Figure 3 above in this application.
  • the terminal and the core network can be transmitted through a unified interface.
  • the terminal transmits the message data to the user plane unit cluster (for example, to the AMF unit in the control plane unit cluster), and is processed or forwarded by the control plane unit cluster, wherein, after the message data is processed by CU-related functions and DU-related functions,
  • the control plane message in the message data is directly processed by the control plane unit cluster, and the user data in the message data is passed to the user plane unit cluster for processing.
  • the user plane unit cluster has the functions of the centralized unit CU and the distributed unit DU in the NR system deployed through network function virtualization.
  • the access network and the core network in the embodiment of the present application after all or part of the functions included in the CU and DU of the access network in the 5G NR system are serviced, they are the same as those in the 5G NR system.
  • the fusion of the core network user plane constitutes the user plane of the converged network shown in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal and the core network can be transmitted through a unified interface.
  • the terminal transmits the message data to the control plane unit cluster (for example, to the UPF unit in the user plane unit cluster), and is processed or forwarded by the user plane unit cluster, wherein, after the message data is processed by CU-related functions and DU-related functions,
  • the control plane message in the message data is passed to the control plane unit cluster for processing, and the user data in the message data is directly processed by the user plane unit cluster.
  • the distributed unit DU has a baseband processing function.
  • the baseband processing function of the AAU in the 5G NR system can be set in the distributed unit DU.
  • FIG. 9 shows a flow chart of a wireless communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method can be executed by the network side device in the wireless communication system in the above-mentioned FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 or other system architectures; wherein , the network side device may be a network unit in the core network cluster of the wireless communication system.
  • the method may include the following steps:
  • Step 901 transmit a control plane message with the terminal through the first interface between the control plane unit cluster and the terminal.
  • the functions of the control plane and the user plane in the access network and the core network are further aggregated to form a control plane unit cluster and a user plane unit cluster, and through the radio frequency unit Wireless signal forwarding is performed between the terminal and the unit cluster on the network side, and the control plane unit cluster and the user plane unit cluster are respectively connected to the terminal through interfaces, thereby redefining the interface between the terminal, the user plane and the control plane, and realizing network integration. It can be customized, which simplifies the process of signaling interaction, reduces the transmission delay, and improves the stability of the network.
  • FIG. 10 shows a flow chart of a wireless communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method may be executed by the network-side device in the wireless communication system in the above-mentioned FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 or other system architectures.
  • the method may include the following steps:
  • Step 1001 transmit user data with the terminal through a second interface between the user plane unit cluster and the terminal.
  • the functions of the control plane and the user plane in the access network and the core network are further aggregated to form a control plane unit cluster and a user plane unit cluster, and through the radio frequency unit Wireless signal forwarding is performed between the terminal and the unit cluster on the network side, and the control plane unit cluster and the user plane unit cluster are respectively connected to the terminal through interfaces, thereby redefining the interface between the terminal, the user plane and the control plane, and realizing network integration. It can be customized, which simplifies the process of signaling interaction, reduces the transmission delay, and improves the stability of the network.
  • FIG. 11 shows a flowchart of a wireless communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application, and the method may be executed by a terminal.
  • the method may include the following steps:
  • Step 1101 transmit a control plane message with the control plane unit cluster in the wireless communication system through a first interface with the control plane unit cluster.
  • Step 1102 Transmit user data with the user plane unit cluster through the second interface with the user plane unit cluster in the wireless communication system.
  • the wireless communication system in the embodiment of the present application may be the wireless communication system in the foregoing FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 or other system architectures.
  • the functions of the control plane and the user plane in the access network and the core network are further aggregated to form a control plane unit cluster and a user plane unit cluster, and through the radio frequency unit Wireless signal forwarding is performed between the terminal and the unit cluster on the network side, and the control plane unit cluster and the user plane unit cluster are respectively connected to the terminal through interfaces, thereby redefining the interface between the terminal, the user plane and the control plane, and realizing network integration. It can be customized, which simplifies the process of signaling interaction, reduces the transmission delay, and improves the stability of the network.
  • FIG. 12 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the apparatus is used for the network side equipment in the wireless communication system in the above-mentioned FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 or other system architectures, and has the function of implementing the steps performed by the wireless communication system in the above-mentioned wireless communication method.
  • the device may include:
  • the message transmission module 1201 is configured to transmit a control plane message with the terminal through the first interface between the control plane unit cluster and the terminal.
  • the functions of the control plane and the user plane in the access network and the core network are further aggregated to form a control plane unit cluster and a user plane unit cluster, and through the radio frequency unit Wireless signal forwarding is performed between the terminal and the unit cluster on the network side, and the control plane unit cluster and the user plane unit cluster are respectively connected to the terminal through interfaces, thereby redefining the interface between the terminal, the user plane and the control plane, and realizing network integration. It can be customized, which simplifies the process of signaling interaction, reduces the transmission delay, and improves the stability of the network.
  • FIG. 13 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the apparatus is used for the network side equipment in the wireless communication system in the above-mentioned FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 or other system architectures, and has the function of implementing the steps performed by the wireless communication system in the above-mentioned wireless communication method.
  • the device may include:
  • the data transmission module 1301 is configured to transmit user data with the terminal through a second interface between the user plane unit cluster and the terminal.
  • the functions of the control plane and the user plane in the access network and the core network are further aggregated to form a control plane unit cluster and a user plane unit cluster, and through the radio frequency unit Wireless signal forwarding is performed between the terminal and the unit cluster on the network side, and the control plane unit cluster and the user plane unit cluster are respectively connected to the terminal through interfaces, thereby redefining the interface between the terminal, the user plane and the control plane, and realizing network integration. It can be customized, which simplifies the process of signaling interaction, reduces the transmission delay, and improves the stability of the network.
  • FIG. 14 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device is used in a terminal, and has the function of implementing the steps performed by the terminal in the above wireless communication method.
  • the device may include:
  • a message transmission module 1401, configured to transmit a control plane message with the control plane unit cluster through a first interface with the control plane unit cluster in the wireless communication system;
  • the data transmission module 1402 is configured to transmit user data with the user plane unit cluster through the second interface with the user plane unit cluster in the wireless communication system.
  • the wireless communication system in the embodiment of the present application may be the wireless communication system in the foregoing FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 or other system architectures.
  • the functions of the control plane and the user plane in the access network and the core network are further aggregated to form a control plane unit cluster and a user plane unit cluster, and through the radio frequency unit Wireless signal forwarding is performed between the terminal and the unit cluster on the network side, and the control plane unit cluster and the user plane unit cluster are respectively connected to the terminal through interfaces, thereby redefining the interface between the terminal, the user plane and the control plane, and realizing network integration. It can be customized, which simplifies the process of signaling interaction, reduces the transmission delay, and improves the stability of the network.
  • the device provided by the above embodiment realizes its functions, it only uses the division of the above-mentioned functional modules as an example for illustration. In practical applications, the above-mentioned function allocation can be completed by different functional modules according to actual needs. That is, the content structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.
  • FIG. 15 shows a schematic structural diagram of a computer device 1500 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer device 1500 may include: a processor 1501 , a receiver 1502 , a transmitter 1503 , a memory 1504 and a bus 1505 .
  • the processor 1501 includes one or more processing cores, and the processor 1501 executes various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules.
  • the receiver 1502 and the transmitter 1503 can be implemented as a communication component, which can be a communication chip.
  • the communication chip can also be called a transceiver.
  • the memory 1504 is connected to the processor 1501 through the bus 1505 .
  • the memory 1504 may be used to store a computer program, and the processor 1501 is used to execute the computer program, so as to implement various steps performed by the network side device or the terminal in the wireless communication system in the above method embodiments.
  • volatile or non-volatile storage device includes but not limited to: magnetic disk or optical disk, electrically erasable and programmable Read Only Memory, Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, Static Anytime Access Memory, Read Only Memory, Magnetic Memory, Flash Memory, Programmable Read Only Memory.
  • the computer device includes a processor, a memory, and a transceiver (the transceiver may include a receiver and a transmitter, the receiver is used to receive information, and the transmitter is used to send information);
  • the transceiver is configured to communicate with the terminal through the first interface between the control plane unit cluster and the terminal Control plane messages.
  • the transceiver when the computer device is implemented as a network side device in a wireless communication system, the transceiver is configured to have a second interface with the terminal through a user plane unit cluster, and the The terminal transmits user data.
  • the transceiver when the computer device is implemented as a terminal, the transceiver is configured to communicate with the control plane unit cluster through a first interface with the control plane unit cluster in the wireless communication system control plane messages;
  • the transceiver is further configured to transmit user data with the user plane unit cluster through a second interface with the user plane unit cluster in the wireless communication system;
  • the wireless communication system in the embodiment of the present application may be the wireless communication system in the foregoing FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 or other system architectures.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored in the storage medium, and the computer program is loaded and executed by a processor to realize the wireless communication shown in FIG. 9 , FIG. 10 or FIG. 11 . Steps in a communication method.
  • the present application also provides a computer program product or computer program, the computer program product or computer program comprising computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the processor of the computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device executes each step in the wireless communication method shown in FIG. 9 , FIG. 10 or FIG. 11 .
  • the functions described in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium.
  • Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another.
  • a storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种无线通信系统、无线通信方法、装置、设备及存储介质，属于无线通信技术领域。无线通信系统包括：射频单元和核心网集群，核心网集群包括控制面单元集群以及用户面单元集群；射频单元，用于在核心网集群和终端之间进行无线信号转发；控制面单元集群与终端之间具有第一接口，用于传输控制面消息；用户面单元集群与终端之间具有第二接口，用于传输用户数据。本方案将接入网和核心网中的控制面和用户面的功能进一步的聚合，重新定义了终端与用户面和控制面之间的接口，实现网络的可定制化，简化了信令交互的流程，以及降低了数据传输的时延。

Description

无线通信系统、无线通信方法、装置、设备及存储介质 技术领域
本申请涉及无线通信技术领域，特别涉及一种无线通信系统、无线通信方法、装置、设备及存储介质。
背景技术
在第五代移动通信网络(5th Generation Mobile Networks，5G)系统中，为了提高系统覆盖，业界提出了非地网络(Non-Terrestrial Network，NTN)作为地面网络的补充。
在相关技术中，NTN网络具有透明转发和可再生两种架构。在透明转发架构中，卫星充当终端和地面基站之间的中继节点，基站以及核心网功能全部位于地面。在可再生架构中，卫星则搭载完整的基站或者分布式单元(Distribute Unit，DU)，而核心网的功能全部位于地面。
然而，目前终端和网络之间的信令交互比较复杂，导致在拓扑结构变化较快的NTN网络中，存在传输时延较高，网络不稳定的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种无线通信系统、无线通信方法、装置、设备及存储介质。所述技术方案如下：
一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种无线通信系统，所述无线通信系统包括：射频单元和核心网集群，所述核心网集群包括控制面单元集群以及用户面单元集群；
所述射频单元，用于在所述核心网集群和终端之间进行无线信号转发；
所述控制面单元集群与所述终端之间具有第一接口，所述第一接口用于在所述终端和所述控制面单元集群之间传输控制面消息；
所述用户面单元集群与所述终端之间具有第二接口，所述第二接口用于在所述终端和所述用户面单元集群之间传输用户数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一接口对应在用户侧的协议栈包括：非接入层会话管理(Non Access Stratum Session Management，NAS-SM)协议、非接入层移动性管理(NAS Mobility Management，NAS-MM)协议、无线资源控制(Radio Resource Control，RRC)协议、分组数据汇聚协议(Packet Data Convergence Protocol，PDCP)以及新空口物理层(New Radio Physical，NR-PHY)协议；
所述第一接口对应在网络侧的协议栈包括：NAS-SM协议、NAS-MM协议、RRC协议、控制面分组数据汇聚协议(PDCP Control Plane，PDCP-CP)以及会话发起中继接口(Session Initiation Protocol Relay Interface，SRI)协议。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二接口对应在用户侧的协议栈包括：分组数据单元(Packet Data Unit，PDU)协议、业务数据适配协议(Service Data Adaptation Protocol，SDAP)、PDCP、无线链路层控制协议(Radio Link Control，RLC)、介质访问控制(Media Access Control，MAC)协议、以及NR-PHY协议；
所述第二接口对应在网络侧的协议栈包括：PDU协议、SDAP、用户面分组数据汇聚协议(PDCP User Plane，PDCP-UP)、RLC、MAC协议、PHY协议以及中继接口SRI协议。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制面单元集群中包含集中式控制面融合单元；
所述第一接口包括所述终端与所述集中式控制面融合单元之间的接口；
所述集中式控制面融合单元包含无线资源控制RRC功能、控制面的分组数据汇聚协议 PDCP-CP功能、以及接入与移动性管理功能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一接口用于传输以下信令中的至少一种：
非接入层NAS消息、用于接入管理的信令、用于移动性管理的信令、用于网络无线资源管理的信令、以及用户分组数据单元的无线承载控制信令。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述集中式控制面融合单元与所述控制面单元集群中的其它单元之间通过基于服务的接口进行通信。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制面单元集群中的其它单元包括以下至少一种：
鉴权服务功能单元(Authentication Server Function，AUSF)、无线智能控制单元(Radio Access Network Intelligent Controller，RIC)、会话管理功能单元(Session Management Function，SMF)、网络开放功能单元(Network Exposure Function，NEF)、网络存储功能单元(Network Repository Function，NRF)、策略控制功能单元(Policy Control Function，PCF)、统一数据管理功能单元(Unified Data Management，UDM)、以及应用功能单元(Application Function，AF)。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述用户面单元集群包括分布式单元DU，以及集中式用户面融合单元；
所述第二接口包括所述终端与DU之间的接口；
所述集中式用户面融合单元包含用户面的分组数据汇聚协议PDCP-UP功能、SDAP功能以及用户平面功能(User Plane Function，UPF)。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二接口用于执行以下至少一种传输功能：
将用户数据传输至DU，由DU进行解调和解码；
将用户的PDU传输至DU，由DU将所述PDU传输至所述集中式用户面融合单元；
以及，将用户的会话数据单元(Session Data Unit，SDU)传输至DU，由DU将所述SDU传输至所述集中式用户面融合单元。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述集中式用户面融合单元包括中继集中式用户面融合单元，以及锚点集中式用户面融合单元；
所述中继集中式用户面融合单元和所述锚点集中式用户面融合单元之间通过基于服务的接口进行通信；且当所述中继集中式用户面融合单元和所述锚点集中式用户面融合单元中的至少一者部署在卫星上时，所述中继集中式用户面融合单元和所述锚点集中式用户面融合单元之间的通信通过SRI接口透传；
所述DU，用于将PDU或者SDU，通过逻辑接口传输至所述中继集中式用户面融合单元；
所述中继集中式用户面融合单元，用于将PDU或者SDU通过所述基于服务的接口传输至所述锚点集中式用户面融合单元。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述DU中包含有以网络功能虚拟化方式部署的信道编解码功能、多入多出(Multiple-In Multiple-Out，MIMO)功能、以及快速傅里叶变换(Fast Fourier Transform，FFT)和快速傅里叶逆变换(Inverse Fast Fourier Transform，IFFT)功能中的至少一种。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制面单元集群具有新空口NR系统中的集中式单元(Centralized Unit，CU)的功能；
或者，所述用户面单元集群具有通过网络功能虚拟化方式部署的，NR系统中的集中式单元CU的功能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述用户面单元集群具有通过网络功能虚拟化方式部署的，NR系统中的分布式单元DU的功能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制面单元集群具有通过网络功能虚拟化方式部署的，NR系统中的集中式单元CU的功能；
所述用户面单元集群具有通过网络功能虚拟化方式部署的，NR系统中的分布式单元DU 的功能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制面单元集群具有通过网络功能虚拟化方式部署的，NR系统中的集中式单元CU以及分布式单元DU的功能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述用户面单元集群具有通过网络功能虚拟化方式部署的，NR系统中的集中式单元CU以及分布式单元DU的功能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述分布式单元DU具有基带处理功能。
另一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种无线通信方法，所述方法由上述无线通信系统中的网络侧设备执行，所述方法包括：
通过控制面单元集群与终端之间的第一接口，与所述终端传输控制面消息。
另一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种无线通信方法，所述方法由上述无线通信系统中的网络侧设备执行，所述方法包括：
通过用户面单元集群与所述终端之间具有第二接口，与所述终端传输用户数据。
另一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种无线通信方法，所述方法由终端执行，所述方法包括：
通过与无线通信系统中的控制面单元集群之间的第一接口，与所述控制面单元集群传输控制面消息；
通过与所述无线通信系统中的用户面单元集群之间的第二接口，与所述用户面单元集群传输用户数据；
其中，所述无线通信系统为如上所述的无线通信系统。
另一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种无线通信装置，所述装置用于上述无线通信系统中的网络侧设备中，所述装置包括：
消息传输模块，用于通过控制面单元集群与终端之间的第一接口，与所述终端传输控制面消息。
另一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种无线通信装置，所述装置用于上述无线通信系统中的网络侧设备中，所述装置包括：
数据传输模块，用于通过用户面单元集群与所述终端之间具有第二接口，与所述终端传输用户数据。
另一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种无线通信装置，所述装置用于终端中，所述装置包括：
消息传输模块，用于通过与无线通信系统中的控制面单元集群之间的第一接口，与所述控制面单元集群传输控制面消息；
数据传输模块，用于通过与所述无线通信系统中的用户面单元集群之间的第二接口，与所述用户面单元集群传输用户数据；
其中，所述无线通信系统为如上所述的无线通信系统。
再一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种计算机设备，所述计算机设备包括处理器、存储器和收发器，所述存储器存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序用于被所述处理器执行，以实现上述无线通信方法。
又一方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述存储介质中存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序由处理器加载并执行以实现上述无线通信方法。
另一方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品或计算机程序，该计算机程序产品或计算机程序包括计算机指令，该计算机指令存储在计算机可读存储介质中。计算机设备的处理器从计算机可读存储介质读取该计算机指令，处理器执行该计算机指令，使得该计算机设备执行上述无线通信方法。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案可以带来如下有益效果：
将接入网和核心网中的控制面和用户面的功能进一步的聚合，形成控制面单元集群和用户面单元集群，并通过射频单元在终端和网络侧的单元集群之间进行无线信号转发，控制面单元集群和用户面单元集群分别通过接口与终端相连，从而重新定义了终端与用户面和控制面之间的接口，实现网络的可定制化，简化了信令交互的流程，以及降低了传输时延，提高了网络的稳定性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请一个实施例提供的通信系统的网络架构的示意图；
图2是5G系统的一种系统架构图；
图3是本申请一个实施例提供的无线通信系统的系统架构图；
图4是本申请一个实施例提供的无线通信系统的系统架构图；
图5是图4所示实施例涉及的用户到控制面的协议栈示意图；
图6是图4所示实施例涉及的控制面消息传输示意图；
图7是图4所示实施例涉及的用户到用户面的协议栈示意图；
图8是图4所示实施例涉及的PDU会话的用户面协议栈示意图；
图9是本申请一个实施例提供的无线通信方法的流程图；
图10是本申请一个实施例提供的无线通信方法的流程图；
图11是本申请一个实施例提供的无线通信方法的流程图；
图12是本申请一个实施例提供的无线通信装置的框图；
图13是本申请一个实施例提供的无线通信装置的框图；
图14是本申请一个实施例提供的无线通信装置的框图；
图15是本申请一个实施例提供的计算机设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
请参考图1，其示出了本申请一个实施例提供的通信系统的网络架构的示意图。该网络架构可以包括：终端10和无线通信系统20。
终端10的数量通常为多个。终端10可以包括各种具有无线通信功能的手持设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备，以及各种形式的用户设备(User Equipment，UE)，移动台(Mobile Station，MS)，终端设备(terminal device)等等。为方便描述，本申请实施例中，上面提到的设备统称为终端。
无线通信系统20包括射频单元20a和核心网集群20b。
其中，每个射频单元20a可以为一个或多个终端10提供通信服务。
核心网集群20b用于实现5G NR系统中的核心网的全部或者部分功能。
在本申请实施例中，核心网集群20b还可以用于实现5G NR系统中的接入网的全部或者部分功能。
核心网集群20b可以包含多个功能单元，且多个功能单元分别用于实现核心网和/或接入 网中的不同功能。
在本申请实施例中，射频单元20a以及核心网集群20b可以分别设置在地面网络或者非地面网络中。
比如，射频单元20a可以设置在地面的基站中，或者，可以设置在无人机或者有人飞机等大气层内飞行平台，或者，也可以设置在卫星平台中。
上述核心网集群20b中的全部或者部分功能单元可以设置在基站中，或者，全部或者部分功能单元可以设置在无人机、有人飞机、飞艇等大气层内飞行平台，或者，全部或者部分功能单元也可以设置在卫星平台中。
本公开实施例中的“5G NR系统”也可以称为5G系统或者NR系统，但本领域技术人员可以理解其含义。本公开实施例描述的技术方案可以适用于5G NR系统，也可以适用于5G NR系统后续的演进系统，比如，可以适用于第六代移动通信系统(The 6th Generation Mobile Communication Network，6G)的空天地一体化网络架构。
在介绍本申请后续各个实施例所示的方案之前，首先对本申请涉及的几个名词概念进行介绍。
1)5G NR系统
5G NR系统是基于用户对无线通信的速率、延迟、高速移动性、能效的要求，以及未来生活中的无线通信业务的多样性、复杂性的需求而提出的新一代的无线通信系统。5G系统的主要应用场景为：增强移动超宽带(Enhanced Mobile Broadband，eMBB)、低时延高可靠通信(Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications，URLLC)、大规模机器类通信(Massive Machine Type Communication，mMTC)。
在5G网络环境中，网络侧分为无线接入网(Radio Access Network，RAN)和核心网(Core Network，CN)。请参考图2，其示出了5G系统的一种系统架构图。如图2所示，在5G系统中，接入网部分主要包括基站21，5G NR系统中的基站21可以分为有源天线单元(Active Antenna Unit，AAU)21a和基带处理单元(Building Base Band Unite，BBU)21b两部分。其中，AAU具有天线功能和部分物理层功能，BBU则可以分为分布式单元DU和集中式单元CU，其中，DU负责实时性较高的物理层PHY、介质访问控制MAC层以及无线链路控制RLC层的功能，CU负责实时性要求不高的分组数据汇聚协PDCP)层和无线资源控制RRC层。
如图2所示，在5G系统中，核心网22中包含控制面功能单元22a和用户面的功能单元22b；其中，控制面的功能单元22a可以包括AMF、鉴权服务功能单元AUSF、无线智能控制单元RIC、会话管理功能单元SMF、网络开放功能单元NEF、网络存储功能单元NRF、策略控制功能单元PCF、统一数据管理功能单元UDM、以及应用功能单元AF等；用户面的功能单元22b可以包括用户平面功能UPF单元。
2)非地面通信网络NTN
目前相关标准组织正在研究NTN技术，NTN一般采用卫星通信的方式向地面用户提供通信服务。相比地面蜂窝网通信，卫星通信具有很多独特的优点。首先，卫星通信不受用户地域的限制，例如一般的陆地通信不能覆盖海洋、高山、沙漠等无法搭设通信设备或由于人口稀少而不做通信覆盖的区域，而对于卫星通信来说，由于一颗卫星即可以覆盖较大的地面，加之卫星可以围绕地球做轨道运动，因此理论上地球上每一个角落都可以被卫星通信覆盖。其次，卫星通信有较大的社会价值。卫星通信在边远山区、贫穷落后的国家或地区都可以以较低的成本覆盖到，从而使这些地区的人们享受到先进的语音通信和移动互联网技术，有利于缩小与发达地区的数字鸿沟，促进这些地区的发展。再次，卫星通信距离远，且通信距离增大通讯的成本没有明显增加；最后，卫星通信的稳定性高，不受自然灾害的限制。
通信卫星按照轨道高度的不同分为低地球轨道(Low-Earth Orbit，LEO)卫星、中地球轨道(Medium-Earth Orbit，MEO)卫星、地球同步轨道(Geostationary Earth Orbit，GEO)卫 星、高椭圆轨道(High Elliptical Orbit，HEO)卫星等等。现阶段主要研究的NTN技术是基于LEO卫星和GEO卫星的通信技术。
LEO卫星：
低轨道卫星高度范围为500km～1500km，相应轨道周期约为1.5小时～2小时。用户间单跳通信的信号传播延迟一般小于20ms。最大卫星可视时间20分钟。信号传播距离短，链路损耗少，对用户终端的发射功率要求不高。
GEO卫星：
地球同步轨道卫星，轨道高度为35786km，围绕地球旋转周期为24小时。用户间单跳通信的信号传播延迟一般为250ms。
为了保证卫星的覆盖以及提升整个卫星通信系统的系统容量，卫星采用多波束覆盖地面，一颗卫星可以形成几十甚至数百个波束来覆盖地面；一个卫星波束可以覆盖直径几十至上百公里的地面区域。
在本申请实施例中，NTN网络不仅涉及LEO和GEO，还涉及其它高空平台，比如无人机或者有人飞机等等，上述高空平台可以覆盖8公里至35786公里的高度范围。
在相关技术中，5G NR网络的架构分为接入网和核心网，接入网和核心网分别设置有控制面和用户面的功能。低轨道卫星对一定区域的覆盖时间比较短，而中高轨卫星覆盖时间较长。由于卫星运动速度较高，因此会导致卫星网络的拓扑发生较快的变化。大规模低轨星座网络的拓扑具有复杂的时空变异特征。因此，若使用5G NR网络架构来支持NTN，则至少有以下缺点：
1)若基站和核心网都设置在地面上，用户的控制信令处理和数据转发时延较高；
2)若用户面的功能单元位于卫星上，则用户面的功能单元与基站以及和核心网控制面的接口，即N3(接入网与用户面功能UPF之间的接口)和N4接口(会话管理功能SMF与UPF之间的接口)将发生变化；
3)若基站在地面，部分核心网功能如用户面功能、部分控制面(AMF和SMF)功能在卫星上，则会导致N1(UE和AMF间的信令面接口)、N2(RAN和AMF间的信令面接口)、N3、N6(UPF与数据网络之间的接口)、Namf(基于业务界面的AMF功能接口)和Nsmf(基于业务界面的SMF功能接口)随拓扑发生变化；
4)若所有基站都在地面上，所有核心网络功能都在卫星上，则会导致N1、N2、N3接口不稳定；
5)若所有核心网和基站都位于卫星上，则会导致卫星的开销增加，并且由于当前5G基站和核心网的用户面主要面向用户的专有设备，在面对如工业物联网(Industrial Internet of Things，IIoT)等垂直行业时，无法对卫星上的接入网和核心网进行灵活的切片。
此外，卫星的计算、存储和能源有限。在空天地一体化网络中。卫星的有效载荷资源、处理能力、数据包处理和卫星的带宽资源是有限的。由于卫星在太空中运行，因此尺寸有限，导致有效载荷资源有限。对于卫星网络来说，网络相关资源非常有限。因此，在卫星设计系统中，资源是关键的制约因素。因此，业内需要定义轻量、稳定、易维护、卫星网络必备的功能。当前，5G网络架构的核心网和接入网整体功能不适合部署在卫星上。因为，接入网和核心网用户面的专有设备不易被维护。
为了克服当前5G NR系统中直接应用NTN的缺陷，本申请实施例提出一种新的无线通信系统架构，该无线通信系统架构可以实现为空天一体化的无线通信架构。
请参考图3，其示出了本申请一个实施例提供的无线通信系统的系统架构图，如图3所示，该无线通信系统可以包括：射频单元301和核心网集群302，该核心网集群包括控制面单元集群302a以及用户面单元集群302b；
该射频单元301，用于在该核心网集群302和终端之间进行无线信号转发；
该控制面单元集群302a与该终端之间具有第一接口，该第一接口用于在该终端和该控制面单元集群302a之间传输控制面消息；
在一种可能的实现方式中，该控制面消息包括非接入层NAS消息、无线资源控制信令、接入与移动性管理信令、以及无线承载控制信令中的至少一种；
该用户面单元集群302b与该终端之间具有第二接口，该第二接口用于在该终端和该用户面单元集群302b之间传输用户数据。
综上所述，通过本申请实施例所示的方案，将接入网和核心网中的控制面和用户面的功能进一步的聚合，形成控制面单元集群和用户面单元集群，并通过射频单元在终端和网络侧的单元集群之间进行无线信号转发，控制面单元集群和用户面单元集群分别通过接口与终端相连，从而重新定义了终端与用户面和控制面之间的接口，实现网络的可定制化，简化了信令交互的流程，以及降低了传输时延，提高了网络的稳定性。
请参考图4，其示出了本申请一个实施例提供的无线通信系统的系统架构图，如图4所示，该无线通信系统可以包括：射频单元401和核心网集群402，该核心网集群包括控制面单元集群402a以及用户面单元集群402b；
射频单元401，用于在核心网集群402和终端之间进行无线信号转发；
控制面单元集群402a与终端之间具有第一接口403，该第一接口403用于在该终端和该控制面单元集群402a之间传输控制面消息；
在本申请实施例中，第一接口403可以称为NR1接口。
该用户面单元集群402b与终端之间具有第二接口404，该第二接口404用于在该终端和该用户面单元集群402b之间传输用户数据。
本申请上述实施例提供的无线通信系统，包含一个单元(即射频单元)和两个面(即上述控制面单元集群和用户面单元集群)，从硬件层面上将控制面和用户面分离，同时，终端和核心网之间的控制面消息与用户面消息，分别通过不同的接口进行传输。
在本申请实施例中，上述射频单元401具有基本的无线信号转发功能，比如，射频单元401具有射频(Radio Frequency，RF)功能、模数转换(Convert Analog Digital，AD)功能以及数模转换(Digital Analog Convert，DA)功能。
比如，在本申请实施例中，上述控制面单元集群402a可以具有5G NR系统中的接入网和核心网中涉及控制面的相关功能。
比如，在本申请实施例中，上述用户面单元集群402b可以具有5G NR系统中的接入网和核心网中涉及用户面的相关功能。
在图4所示的方案中，控制面单元集群402a以及用户面单元集群402b分别具有与终端之间的接口。
其中，上述控制面单元集群402a与终端之间的接口用于传输控制面相关的消息/信令，比如NAS消息、无线资源控制信令、接入与移动性管理信令以及无线承载控制信令等等。上述用户面单元集群402b与终端之间的接口用于传输用户面的数据，比如传输PDU以及SDU等等。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一接口对应在用户侧的协议栈包括：非接入层会话管理NAS-SM协议、非接入层移动性管理NAS-MM协议、无线资源控制RRC协议、分组数据汇聚协议PDCP以及新空口物理层NR-PHY协议；
该第一接口对应在网络侧的协议栈包括：NAS-SM协议、NAS-MM协议、RRC协议、控制面分组数据汇聚协议PDCP-CP以及会话发起中继接口SRI协议。
在本申请实施例中，由于控制面单元集群402a负责控制面相关的功能，因此，对于控制面单元集群402a与终端之间的第一接口，其协议栈也主要涉及控制面相关的协议，比如，其 中的分组数据汇聚协议PDCP为控制面相关的PDCP-CP；此外，为了便于空天一体化部署，上述第一接口的协议栈还支持用于信号透传的SRI协议。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第二接口对应在用户侧的协议栈包括：分组数据单元PDU协议、业务数据适配协议SDAP、PDCP、无线链路层控制协议RLC、介质访问控制MAC协议、以及NR-PHY协议；
该第二接口对应在网络侧的协议栈包括：PDU协议、SDAP、用户面分组数据汇聚协议PDCP-UP、RLC、MAC协议、PHY协议以及SRI协议。
在本申请实施例中，由于用户面单元集群402b负责用户面相关的功能，因此，对于用户面单元集群402b与终端之间的第二接口，其协议栈也主要涉及用户面相关的协议，比如，其中的分组数据汇聚协议PDCP为用户面相关的PDCP-UP；此外，为了便于空天一体化部署，上述第二接口的协议栈也还支持用于信号透传的SRI协议。
在一种可能的实现方式中，可以将5G NR系统中的接入网AAU和BBU中的部分功能虚拟化，留下AD/DA/RF功能，作为上述射频单元，AAU和BBU中虚拟出来的功能和DU进行合并，组成新的DU单元(在本申请实施例中涉及的单元，也可以称为网络单元，或者单元)；将5G NR系统中的CU单元的控制平面和数据平面分离为控制面集中式单元(Centralized Unit Control Plane，CU-CP)和用户面集中式单元(Centralized Unit User Plane，CU-UP)，CU-CP与核心网的AMF进行功能重组(本申请中称为CU-CP-AMF)，CU-UP和核心网的UPF进行功能重组(本申请中称为CU-UP-UPF)，核心网与接入网融合，CU-CP-AMF与其它控制面功能单元(比如5G NR系统中的核心网控制面)组成新的网络控制面，CU-UP-UPF与DU组成新的网络数据平面。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该控制面单元集群402a中包含集中式控制面融合单元402a1；
该第一接口403包括该终端与该集中式控制面融合单元之间的接口；
该集中式控制面融合单元包含无线资源控制RRC功能、控制面的分组数据汇聚协议PDCP-CP功能、以及接入与移动性管理功能。
在本申请实施例中，可以将5G NR系统中，RAN的CU单元中的控制平面与数据平面分离为CU-CP和CU-UP。原有的CU的功能组成为RRC、PDCP和SDAP，在本申请实施例中，将CU的控制面与数据分离为CU-CP和CU-UP后，其中的CU-CP的功能组成为RRC和PDCP-CP，完成的主要功能包括无线资源控制、动性管理，PDU的无限承载控制等；CU-UP的功能组成为PDCP-UP和SDAP，完成的主要功能包括QoS流的路由、DU的头部压缩，重组编号等。
其中，上述CU-CP与核心网控制面单元AMF进行功能融合，比如，将CU-CP中与移动性管理，接入控制相关的功能与AMF单元进行融合组成新的功能单元，即CU-CP-AMF。
在地面网络的部署中，由于资源相对不受约束，可以利用NFV技术将CU-CP-AMF单元部署在通用的平台上(例如X86等)。然而，由于卫星网络和空基平台的资源有限，因此很难搭载如X86等通用平台。在本方案中，在非地面网络中，可以在可编程平台上构建轻量级的CU-CP-AMF单元。上述可编程平台可以是可编程的现场可编辑逻辑门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)、芯片组加速器等等。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一接口传输的控制消息包括以下消息中的至少一种：
非接入层NAS消息、用于接入管理的信令、用于移动性管理的信令、用于网络无线资源管理的信令、以及用户分组数据单元的无线承载控制信令。
在本申请实施例中，第一接口可以应用于在终端和网络侧之间传输非接入层NAS消息、无线资源控制信令、接入与移动性管理信令、以及无线承载控制信令等控制面相关的消息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该集中式控制面融合单元与该控制面单元集群中的其它单元之间通过基于服务的接口进行通信，比如，该基于服务的接口可以基于超文本传输协议(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol，HTTP)的逻辑接口，以及分段路由互联网协议(Segment Routing Internet  Protocol Version 6，SRv6)接口中的至少一种。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该控制面单元集群中的其它单元包括以下至少一种：
鉴权服务功能单元AUSF、无线智能控制单元RIC、会话管理功能单元SMF、网络开放功能单元NEF、网络存储功能单元NRF、策略控制功能单元PCF、统一数据管理功能单元UDM、以及应用功能单元AF。
其中，上述图4中，仅以控制面单元集群中包含CU-CP-AMF、AUSF、RIC、SMF、NEF、NRF、PCF、UDM、以及AF为例进行说明，上述控制面单元集群中也可以包含其它与控制面相关的功能单元，本申请实施例对于控制面单元集群中包含的网络单元的数量和种类不做限定。
本申请实施例涉及的架构中，CU-CP-AMF单元可以是基于微服务的技术部署的单元，因此，CU-CP-AMF单元与控制面内部的其它单元的接口可以是基于服务的接口，比如基于HTTP/HTTP2.0接口。在5G NR系统的CU中，CU与核心网的接口主要有两个，一个是与AMF的接口N2，一个是与UPF的接口N3。在本申请实施例公开的架构中，用于回传控制信令的N2接口取消，用户的NAS类消息等控制面消息不需要再通过N2接口透传，因此，本申请实施例涉及的架构定义CU-CP-AMF单元与移动用户UE的第一接口NR1，NAS消息或者无线承载控制信令等控制面消息直接通过新的接口NR1进行传输和携带。其次，在本申请实施例中，用于CU-UP与UPF的N3接口取消，CU-CP-AMF单元和其他单元都是基于微服务的技术，因此CU-CP-AMF与CU-UP-UPF之间的接口405可以采用基于服务的接口，该基于服务的接口包括HTTP协议接口(比如HTTP/HTTP2.0协议接口)以及分段路由互联网协议SRv6接口中的至少一种。
此外，控制面单元集群402a和用户面单元集群402b之间的其它接口，比如图4中的CU-CP-AMF与DU之间的接口406、RIC与CU-UP-UPF之间的接口407、SMF与CU-UP-UPF之间的接口408等，也可以采用基于服务的接口。
在一种可能的实现方式中，各个网络单元之间的基于服务的接口可以是统一的基于服务的接口，或者，上述各个网络单元之间的接口也可以是不同的基于服务的接口。
在一种可能的实现方式中，上述各个网络单元之间的接口也可以沿用5G NR系统中的接口。
为了支持在空天地一体化网路中实现用户与控制面的交互，在卫星等高空平台场景下，需要兼容原有的星间接口。因此，该NR1接口的协议栈包括星间接口协议栈。
请参考图5，其示出了本申请实施例涉及的，用于空天地一体网络时的用户到控制面的协议栈示意图。如图5所示，本申请实施例定义新的用户与控制面的接口，其中，在用户侧的控制面协议栈由NAS-SM、NAS-MM、RRC、PDCP以及NR-PHY组成，CU-CP-AMF的协议栈主要包括NAS-SM、NAS-MM、RRC、PDCP-C以及SRI协议。该接口NR1能够直接携带NAS类的消息如随机接入消息(msg)、SM消息、短信息服务消息(Short Message Service，SMS)、终端策略(UE policy)消息、位置服务(Location Service，LCS)等。在本申请实施例涉及的系统架构下，用户采用了统一的接入技术，NR1接口的数据在从RU发送到CU-CP-AMF上时，通过SRI(会话发起协议)接口进行透传。
如图5所示，在本申请实施例中，第一接口对应在网络侧之间的NAS-MM、RRC、PDCP-CP以及SRI协议对应的功能可以部署在CU-CP-AMF单元中，NAS-SM功能可以部署在SMF单元中，CU-CP-AMF单元提供NAS-SM中继(NAS-SM relay)功能，用于向SMF单元传递NAS-SM功能所需的消息/数据；CU-CP-AMF单元与SMF单元之间可以通过N11接口进行通信，或者，也可以通过基于服务的接口通信(比如基于服务的SMF接口，即Nsmf接口)，SMF单元还可以通过N6接口与数据网络DN相连。
在本申请实施例中，NR1接口的主要功能包括且不限于以下功能：
1)接入与移动性管理信令的传输：负责用户的接入管理；负责用户在基站内和基站间的 切换，以及用户在网络间的切换，移动性管理信令终止于CU-CP-AMF；
2)网络无线资源管理的信令传输；
3)用户分组数据单元的无线承载控制信令的传输；
4)非接入层NAS消息的传输。
请参考图6，其示出了本申请实施例涉及的控制面消息传输示意图。以NAS消息为例。如图6所示，用户UE的NAS消息通过NR1接口传递到CU-CP-AMF，NAS-MM消息由CU-CP-AMF处理，其余NAS类消息由CU-CP-AMF与其他网络的逻辑接口进行转发给SMF，PCF等单元。
比如，在图6中，NAS-MM消息由CU-CP-AMF通过N11或者Nsmf接口(即基于服务的SMF接口)传输给SMF单元进行处理，SMS消息由CU-CP-AMF通过N20或者Nsmsf接口(即基于服务的SMSF接口)传输给短信网络功能(Short Message Service Function，SMSF)单元进行处理，UE策略(UE-Policy)消息由CU-CP-AMF通过N15或者Npcf接口(即基于服务的PCF接口)传输给PCF单元进行处理，LCS消息由CU-CP-AMF通过NLg或者Ngmlc接口(即基于服务的GMLC接口)传输给网关移动位置中心(Gateway Mobile Location Center，GMLC)单元进行处理。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该用户面单元集群402b包括分布式单元DU(402b1)，以及集中式用户面融合单元402b2；
该第二接口404包括该终端与DU以及集中式用户面融合单元402b2之间的接口；
该集中式用户面融合单元包含用户面的分组数据汇聚协议PDCP-UP功能、SDAP功能以及用户平面功能UPF。
在本申请实施例中，CU-UP中包含了PDCP-UP和SDAP功能，该部分功能主要是分组数据单元相关的功能，本申请实施例定义该部分功能为新的单元CU-UP-UPF(即上述集中式用户面融合单元402b2)，主要的功能包括且不限于：专门用于处理与PDU和SDU相关的业务，以及用户的数据转发。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第二接口用于执行以下至少一种传输功能：
将用户数据传输至DU，由DU进行解调和解码；
将用户的PDU传输至DU，由DU将该PDU传输至该集中式用户面融合单元；
以及，将用户的SDU传输至DU，由DU将该SDU传输至该集中式用户面融合单元。
在本申请实施例中，第二接口(NR3接口)的功能可以包括如下：
1)传输用户数据到DU以进行解调，解码；
2)传输用户PDU数据到DU，由DU传输到CU-UP-UPF进行编号，头部压缩等操作，完成服务质量(Quality of Service，QoS)流的路由；
3)传输用户SDU到DU，由DU传输到CU-UP-UPF完成QoS流的路由等操作。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该集中式用户面融合单元402b2包括中继集中式用户面融合单元，以及锚点集中式用户面融合单元；
该中继集中式用户面融合单元和该锚点集中式用户面融合单元之间通过基于服务的接口进行通信；且当该中继集中式用户面融合单元和该锚点集中式用户面融合单元中的至少一者部署在高空平台上时，该中继集中式用户面融合单元和该锚点集中式用户面融合单元之间的通信通过SRI接口透传；
该DU，用于将PDU或者SDU，通过逻辑接口传输至该中继集中式用户面融合单元；
该中继集中式用户面融合单元，用于将PDU或者SDU通过该基于服务的接口传输至该锚点集中式用户面融合单元。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该DU中包含有以网络功能虚拟化方式部署的信道编解码功能、多入多出MIMO功能、快速傅里叶变换FFT功能、快速傅里叶逆变换IFFT功能中的至少一种。
在本申请实施例涉及的新的架构中，DU可以负责处理与用户无线信号处理等相关的任务，并将消息发送给CU-UP-UPF单元进行加密、编号，QoS流的路由等操作；DU与CU-UP-UPF的接口在本申请实施例涉及的架构中可以是基于微服务的接口，因此可以采用标准的微服务接口，协议可以为HTTP/HTTP2.0。
请参考图7，其示出了本申请实施例涉及的用户到用户面的协议栈示意图。如图7所示，由于DU位于融合后的用户面，因此，本申请实施例定义了用户接入用户面的第二接口是NR3。该NR3接口包含了原有NR接口的部分协议栈：RLC、MAC、PHY-H(PHY-High，PHY的高层)以及SRI。由于RU与DU是可以通过星链相连接的，因此，在该协议栈中还包括了SRI接口；也就是说，NR3接口的消息可以是在卫星间的接口SRI上进行透传的。
在图7中，SRI协议功能部署在RU和DU中，也就是说，RU和DU可以部署在不同的高空平台上，并通过SRI接口进行消息传递。RLC、MAC、PHY-H功能部署在DU中，PDU、SDAP以及PDCP-UP功能则部署在CU-UP-UPF中。
如图7所示，PDU会话消息是通过NR3直接携带到DU，DU与CU-UP-UPF通过内部逻辑接口进行传输。请参考图8，其示出了本申请实施例涉及的PDU会话的用户面协议栈示意图。如图8所示，一条PDU会话的流程如下：
S81，用户的PDU会话通过NR3接口经过RU传输至DU单元；
S82，PDU会话由DU单元经过内部逻辑接口传输到中继CU-UP-UPF；
S83，中继CU-UP-UPF将PDU会话通过N9接口在SRI上透明传输到锚点CU-UP-UPF；
S84，锚点CU-UP-UPF将PDU会话的数据由N6接口传输到外部网络。
综上所述，通过本申请实施例所示的方案，将接入网和核心网中的控制面和用户面的功能进一步的聚合，形成控制面单元集群和用户面单元集群，并通过射频单元在终端和网络侧的单元集群之间进行无线信号转发，控制面单元集群和用户面单元集群分别通过接口与终端相连，从而重新定义了终端与用户面和控制面之间的接口，实现网络的可定制化，简化了信令交互的流程，以及降低了传输时延，提高了网络的稳定性。
本申请上述图4所示的方案，仅以将5G NR系统的接入网中的CU的控制面和用户面功能拆分后分别融入核心网中的控制面和用户面，并将接入网中的DU融入核心网中的用户面为例进行介绍，可选的，也可以通过其它方式将5G NR系统中的接入网和核心网进行融合，以实现图3对应的实施例提供的网络架构。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该控制面单元集群具有新空口NR系统中的集中式单元CU的功能；
或者，该用户面单元集群具有通过网络功能虚拟化方式部署的，NR系统中的集中式单元CU的功能。
也就是说，在本申请实施例的另一种接入网和核心网融合的方案中，5G NR系统中的CU可以直接与核心网控制面或者与用户面融合，CU与核心网一起构成融合网络的核心网络，以实现本申请上述图3对应的实施例提供的网络架构。
其中，终端和核心网之间可以通过统一的接口(比如NR1接口或者NR3接口)进行传输。也就是说，上述图3所示的实施例提供的网络架构中，第一接口和第二接口可以是同一个接口。
比如，以上行消息数据的传输流程为例，当CU直接与核心网控制面融合时，终端与核心网之间的用户数据可以传递给控制面单元集群，再由控制面单元集群通过与用户面单元集群之间接口(可以是基于服务的接口，也可以沿用5G NR系统中的传统的网络接口)传递给用户面单元集群单元。
再比如，以上行消息数据的传输流程为例，当CU直接与核心网用户面融合时，终端与核心网之间的控制面消息可以传递给用户面单元集群，再由用户面单元集群通过与控制面单 元集群之间接口传递给控制面单元集群单元。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该用户面单元集群具有通过网络功能虚拟化方式部署的，NR系统中的分布式单元DU的功能。
在本申请实施例中，在本申请实施例的一种接入网和核心网融合的方案中，5G NR系统中的接入网的DU的全部或者部分功能，在服务化后与5G NR系统中的用户面构成本申请实施例所示的融合网络的用户面。也就是说，在图3所示的系统中，DU可以不作为用户面单元集群中的一个单元，而是将其部分或者全部功能服务化之后，融合至用户面单元集群中的其它网络单元(比如UPF单元)中。其中，终端和核心网之间可以通过统一的接口进行传输。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该控制面单元集群具有通过网络功能虚拟化方式部署的，NR系统中的集中式单元CU的功能；
该用户面单元集群具有通过网络功能虚拟化方式部署的，NR系统中的分布式单元DU的功能。
也就是说，在本申请实施例的另一种接入网和核心网融合的方案中，5G NR系统中的接入网的CU与DU通过服务化后，CU与5G NR系统中的核心网控制面融合，构成本申请实施例所示的融合网络的控制面，DU与5G NR系统中的核心网用户面融合，构成本申请实施例所示的融合网络的用户面。
比如，以上行消息数据的传输流程为例，终端和核心网之间可以通过统一的接口进行传输。终端将消息数据传递至用户面单元集群(比如传递给用户面单元集群中的UPF单元)，由用户面单元集群进行处理或者转发，其中，消息数据经过DU相关功能处理后，传递给控制面单元集群(比如，传递给控制面单元集群中的AMF单元)，由控制面单元集群进行CU先关功能处理，控制面单元集群进行CU先关功能处理后，对于消息数据中的控制面消息，直接由控制面单元集群进行处理，对于消息数据中的用户数据，则传回用户面单元集群，由用户面单元集群进行处理。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该控制面单元集群具有通过网络功能虚拟化方式部署的，NR系统中的集中式单元CU以及分布式单元DU的功能。
也就是说，在本申请实施例的另一种接入网和核心网融合的方案中，5G NR系统中的接入网的CU与DU包含的全部或者部分功能通过服务化后，CU与DU均和5G NR系统中的核心网控制面融合，构成本申请上述图3对应的实施例提供的网络架构。
比如，以上行消息数据的传输流程为例，终端和核心网之间可以通过统一的接口进行传输。终端将消息数据传递至用户面单元集群(比如传递给控制面单元集群中的AMF单元)，由控制面单元集群进行处理或者转发，其中，消息数据经过CU相关功能处理以及DU相关功能处理后，对于消息数据中的控制面消息，直接由控制面单元集群进行处理，对于消息数据中的用户数据，则传递给用户面单元集群，由用户面单元集群进行处理。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该用户面单元集群具有通过网络功能虚拟化方式部署的，NR系统中的集中式单元CU以及分布式单元DU的功能。
在本申请实施例的另一种接入网和核心网融合的方案中，5G NR系统中的接入网的CU与DU包含的全部或者部分功能通过服务化后，均和5G NR系统中的核心网用户面融合，构成本申请实施例所示的融合网络的用户面。
比如，以上行消息数据的传输流程为例，终端和核心网之间可以通过统一的接口进行传输。终端将消息数据传递至控制面单元集群(比如传递给用户面单元集群中的UPF单元)，由用户面单元集群进行处理或者转发，其中，消息数据经过CU相关功能处理以及DU相关功能处理后，对于消息数据中的控制面消息，传递给控制面单元集群进行处理，对于消息数据中的用户数据，则直接由用户面单元集群进行处理。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该分布式单元DU具有基带处理功能。
在本申请实施例中，可以将5G NR系统中的AAU的基带处理功能，设置在分布式单元 DU中。
请参考图9，其示出了本申请一个实施例提供的无线通信方法的流程图，该方法可以由上述图3、图4或者其它系统架构中的无线通信系统中的网络侧设备执行；其中，该网络侧设备可以是上述无线通信系统的核心网集群中的网络单元。该方法可以包括如下几个步骤：
步骤901，通过控制面单元集群与终端之间的第一接口，与该终端传输控制面消息。
其中，上述控制面消息的传输过程可以参考上述图3、图4或者其它无线通信系统的系统架构相关的实施例中的描述，此处不再赘述。
综上所述，通过本申请实施例所示的方案，将接入网和核心网中的控制面和用户面的功能进一步的聚合，形成控制面单元集群和用户面单元集群，并通过射频单元在终端和网络侧的单元集群之间进行无线信号转发，控制面单元集群和用户面单元集群分别通过接口与终端相连，从而重新定义了终端与用户面和控制面之间的接口，实现网络的可定制化，简化了信令交互的流程，以及降低了传输时延，提高了网络的稳定性。
请参考图10，其示出了本申请一个实施例提供的无线通信方法的流程图，该方法可以由上述图3、图4或者其它系统架构中的无线通信系统中的网络侧设备执行。该方法可以包括如下几个步骤：
步骤1001，通过用户面单元集群与该终端之间具有第二接口，与该终端传输用户数据。
其中，上述用户数据的传输过程可以参考上述图3、图4或者其它无线通信系统的系统架构相关的实施例中的描述，此处不再赘述。
综上所述，通过本申请实施例所示的方案，将接入网和核心网中的控制面和用户面的功能进一步的聚合，形成控制面单元集群和用户面单元集群，并通过射频单元在终端和网络侧的单元集群之间进行无线信号转发，控制面单元集群和用户面单元集群分别通过接口与终端相连，从而重新定义了终端与用户面和控制面之间的接口，实现网络的可定制化，简化了信令交互的流程，以及降低了传输时延，提高了网络的稳定性。
请参考图11，其示出了本申请一个实施例提供的无线通信方法的流程图，该方法可以由终端执行。该方法可以包括如下几个步骤：
步骤1101，通过与无线通信系统中的控制面单元集群之间的第一接口，与该控制面单元集群传输控制面消息。
步骤1102，通过与该无线通信系统中的用户面单元集群之间的第二接口，与该用户面单元集群传输用户数据。
其中，本申请实施例中的无线通信系统，可以是上述图3、图4或者其它系统架构中的无线通信系统。
其中，上述控制面消息和用户数据的传输过程可以参考上述图3、图4或者其它无线通信系统的系统架构相关的实施例中的描述，此处不再赘述。
综上所述，通过本申请实施例所示的方案，将接入网和核心网中的控制面和用户面的功能进一步的聚合，形成控制面单元集群和用户面单元集群，并通过射频单元在终端和网络侧的单元集群之间进行无线信号转发，控制面单元集群和用户面单元集群分别通过接口与终端相连，从而重新定义了终端与用户面和控制面之间的接口，实现网络的可定制化，简化了信令交互的流程，以及降低了传输时延，提高了网络的稳定性。
下述为本申请装置实施例，可以用于执行本申请方法实施例。对于本申请装置实施例中未披露的细节，请参照本申请方法实施例。
请参考图12，其示出了本申请一个实施例提供的无线通信装置的框图。该装置用于上述图3、图4或者其它系统架构中的无线通信系统中的网络侧设备，且具有实现上述无线通信 方法中，由无线通信系统执行的步骤的功能。如图12所示，该装置可以包括：
消息传输模块1201，用于通过控制面单元集群与终端之间的第一接口，与所述终端传输控制面消息。
综上所述，通过本申请实施例所示的方案，将接入网和核心网中的控制面和用户面的功能进一步的聚合，形成控制面单元集群和用户面单元集群，并通过射频单元在终端和网络侧的单元集群之间进行无线信号转发，控制面单元集群和用户面单元集群分别通过接口与终端相连，从而重新定义了终端与用户面和控制面之间的接口，实现网络的可定制化，简化了信令交互的流程，以及降低了传输时延，提高了网络的稳定性。
请参考图13，其示出了本申请一个实施例提供的无线通信装置的框图。该装置用于上述图3、图4或者其它系统架构中的无线通信系统中的网络侧设备，且具有实现上述无线通信方法中，由无线通信系统执行的步骤的功能。如图13所示，该装置可以包括：
数据传输模块1301，用于通过用户面单元集群与所述终端之间具有第二接口，与所述终端传输用户数据。
综上所述，通过本申请实施例所示的方案，将接入网和核心网中的控制面和用户面的功能进一步的聚合，形成控制面单元集群和用户面单元集群，并通过射频单元在终端和网络侧的单元集群之间进行无线信号转发，控制面单元集群和用户面单元集群分别通过接口与终端相连，从而重新定义了终端与用户面和控制面之间的接口，实现网络的可定制化，简化了信令交互的流程，以及降低了传输时延，提高了网络的稳定性。
请参考图14，其示出了本申请一个实施例提供的无线通信装置的框图。该装置用于终端中，且具有实现上述无线通信方法中，由终端执行的步骤的功能。如图14所示，该装置可以包括：
消息传输模块1401，用于通过与无线通信系统中的控制面单元集群之间的第一接口，与所述控制面单元集群传输控制面消息；
数据传输模块1402，用于通过与所述无线通信系统中的用户面单元集群之间的第二接口，与所述用户面单元集群传输用户数据。
其中，本申请实施例中的无线通信系统，可以是上述图3、图4或者其它系统架构中的无线通信系统。
综上所述，通过本申请实施例所示的方案，将接入网和核心网中的控制面和用户面的功能进一步的聚合，形成控制面单元集群和用户面单元集群，并通过射频单元在终端和网络侧的单元集群之间进行无线信号转发，控制面单元集群和用户面单元集群分别通过接口与终端相连，从而重新定义了终端与用户面和控制面之间的接口，实现网络的可定制化，简化了信令交互的流程，以及降低了传输时延，提高了网络的稳定性。
需要说明的一点是，上述实施例提供的装置在实现其功能时，仅以上述各个功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据实际需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将设备的内容结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。
关于上述实施例中的装置，其中各个模块执行操作的具体方式已经在有关该方法的实施例中进行了详细描述，此处将不做详细阐述说明。
请参考图15，其示出了本申请一个实施例提供的计算机设备1500的结构示意图。该计算机设备1500可以包括：处理器1501、接收器1502、发射器1503、存储器1504和总线1505。
处理器1501包括一个或者一个以上处理核心，处理器1501通过运行软件程序以及模块，从而执行各种功能应用以及信息处理。
接收器1502和发射器1503可以实现为一个通信组件，该通信组件可以是一块通信芯片。 该通信芯片也可以称为收发器。
存储器1504通过总线1505与处理器1501相连。
存储器1504可用于存储计算机程序，处理器1501用于执行该计算机程序，以实现上述方法实施例中的无线通信系统中的网络侧设备或者终端执行的各个步骤。
此外，存储器1504可以由任何类型的易失性或非易失性存储设备或者它们的组合实现，易失性或非易失性存储设备包括但不限于：磁盘或光盘，电可擦除可编程只读存储器，可擦除可编程只读存储器，静态随时存取存储器，只读存储器，磁存储器，快闪存储器，可编程只读存储器。
在示例性实施例中，所述计算机设备包括处理器、存储器和收发器(该收发器可以包括接收器和发射器，接收器用于接收信息，发射器用于发送信息)；
在一种可能的实现方式中，当计算机设备实现为无线通信系统中的网络侧设备时，所述收发器，用于通过控制面单元集群与终端之间的第一接口，与所述终端传输控制面消息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当计算机设备实现为无线通信系统中的网络侧设备时，所述收发器，用于通过用户面单元集群与所述终端之间具有第二接口，与所述终端传输用户数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当计算机设备实现为终端时，所述收发器，用于通过与无线通信系统中的控制面单元集群之间的第一接口，与所述控制面单元集群传输控制面消息；
所述收发器，还用于通过与所述无线通信系统中的用户面单元集群之间的第二接口，与所述用户面单元集群传输用户数据；
其中，本申请实施例中的无线通信系统，可以是上述图3、图4或者其它系统架构中的无线通信系统。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述存储介质中存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序由处理器加载并执行以实现上述图9、图10或图11所示的无线通信方法中的各个步骤。
本申请还提供了一种计算机程序产品或计算机程序，该计算机程序产品或计算机程序包括计算机指令，该计算机指令存储在计算机可读存储介质中。计算机设备的处理器从计算机可读存储介质读取该计算机指令，处理器执行该计算机指令，使得该计算机设备执行上述图9、图10或图11所示的无线通信方法中的各个步骤。
本领域技术人员应该可以意识到，在上述一个或多个示例中，本申请实施例所描述的功能可以用硬件、软件、固件或它们的任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以将这些功能存储在计算机可读介质中或者作为计算机可读介质上的一个或多个指令或代码进行传输。计算机可读介质包括计算机存储介质和通信介质，其中通信介质包括便于从一个地方向另一个地方传送计算机程序的任何介质。存储介质可以是通用或专用计算机能够存取的任何可用介质。
以上所述仅为本申请的示例性实施例，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (27)

  1. 一种无线通信系统，其特征在于，所述无线通信系统包括：射频单元和核心网集群，所述核心网集群包括控制面单元集群以及用户面单元集群；
    所述射频单元，用于在所述核心网集群和终端之间进行无线信号转发；
    所述控制面单元集群与所述终端之间具有第一接口，所述第一接口用于在所述终端和所述控制面单元集群之间传输控制面消息；
    所述用户面单元集群与所述终端之间具有第二接口，所述第二接口用于在所述终端和所述用户面单元集群之间传输用户数据。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无线通信系统，其特征在于，
    所述第一接口对应在用户侧的协议栈包括：非接入层会话管理NAS-SM协议、非接入层移动性管理NAS-MM协议、无线资源控制RRC协议、分组数据汇聚协议PDCP以及新空口物理层NR-PHY协议；
    所述第一接口对应在网络侧的协议栈包括：NAS-SM协议、NAS-MM协议、RRC协议、控制面分组数据汇聚协议PDCP-CP以及会话发起中继接口SRI协议。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的无线通信系统，其特征在于，所述控制面消息包括以下消息中的至少一种：
    非接入层NAS消息、用于接入管理的信令、用于移动性管理的信令、用于网络无线资源管理的信令、以及用户分组数据单元的无线承载控制信令。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的无线通信系统，其特征在于，
    所述第二接口对应在用户侧的协议栈包括：分组数据单元PDU协议、业务数据适配协议SDAP、PDCP、无线链路层控制协议RLC、介质访问控制MAC协议、以及NR-PHY协议；
    所述第二接口对应在网络侧的协议栈包括：PDU协议、SDAP、用户面分组数据汇聚协议PDCP-UP、RLC、MAC协议、PHY协议以及SRI协议。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的无线通信系统，其特征在于，所述控制面单元集群中包含集中式控制面融合单元；
    所述第一接口包括所述终端与所述集中式控制面融合单元之间的接口；
    所述集中式控制面融合单元包含无线资源控制RRC功能、控制面的分组数据汇聚协议PDCP-CP功能、以及接入与移动性管理功能。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的无线通信系统，其特征在于，所述集中式控制面融合单元与所述控制面单元集群中的其它单元之间通过基于服务的接口进行通信。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的无线通信系统，其特征在于，所述控制面单元集群中的其它单元包括以下至少一种：
    鉴权服务功能单元AUSF、无线智能控制单元RIC、会话管理功能单元SMF、网络开放功能单元NEF、网络存储功能单元NRF、策略控制功能单元PCF、统一数据管理功能单元UDM、以及应用功能单元AF。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的无线通信系统，其特征在于，所述用户面单元集群包括分布式单元DU，以及集中式用户面融合单元；
    所述第二接口包括所述终端与DU之间的接口；
    所述集中式用户面融合单元包含用户面的分组数据汇聚协议PDCP-UP功能、SDAP功能以及用户平面功能UPF。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的无线通信系统，其特征在于，所述第二接口用于执行以下至少一种传输功能：
    将用户数据传输至DU，由DU进行解调和解码；
    将用户的PDU传输至DU，由DU将所述PDU传输至所述集中式用户面融合单元；
    以及，将用户的SDU传输至DU，由DU将所述SDU传输至所述集中式用户面融合单元。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的无线通信系统，其特征在于，所述集中式用户面融合单元包括中继集中式用户面融合单元，以及锚点集中式用户面融合单元；
    所述中继集中式用户面融合单元和所述锚点集中式用户面融合单元之间通过基于服务的接口进行通信；且当所述中继集中式用户面融合单元和所述锚点集中式用户面融合单元中的至少一者部署在高空平台上时，所述中继集中式用户面融合单元和所述锚点集中式用户面融合单元之间的通信通过SRI接口透传；
    所述DU，用于将PDU或者SDU，通过逻辑接口传输至所述中继集中式用户面融合单元；
    所述中继集中式用户面融合单元，用于将PDU或者SDU通过所述基于服务的接口传输至所述锚点集中式用户面融合单元。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的无线通信系统，其特征在于，所述DU中包含有以网络功能虚拟化方式部署的信道编解码功能、多入多出MIMO功能、以及快速傅里叶变换FFT和快速傅里叶逆变换IFFT功能中的至少一种。
  12. 根据权利要求1至3任一所述的无线通信系统，其特征在于，
    所述控制面单元集群具有新空口NR系统中的集中式单元CU的功能；
    或者，
    所述用户面单元集群具有通过网络功能虚拟化方式部署的，NR系统中的集中式单元CU的功能。
  13. 根据权利要求1至3任一所述的无线通信系统，其特征在于，
    所述用户面单元集群具有通过网络功能虚拟化方式部署的，NR系统中的分布式单元DU的功能。
  14. 根据权利要求1至3任一所述的无线通信系统，其特征在于，
    所述控制面单元集群具有通过网络功能虚拟化方式部署的，NR系统中的集中式单元CU的功能；
    所述用户面单元集群具有通过网络功能虚拟化方式部署的，NR系统中的分布式单元DU的功能。
  15. 根据权利要求1至3任一所述的无线通信系统，其特征在于，
    所述控制面单元集群具有通过网络功能虚拟化方式部署的，NR系统中的集中式单元CU以及分布式单元DU的功能。
  16. 根据权利要求1至3任一所述的无线通信系统，其特征在于，
    所述用户面单元集群具有通过网络功能虚拟化方式部署的，NR系统中的集中式单元CU以及分布式单元DU的功能。
  17. 根据权利要求12至16任一所述的无线通信系统，其特征在于，
    所述分布式单元DU具有基带处理功能。
  18. 一种无线通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法由上述权利要求1至17任一所述的无线通信系统中的网络侧设备执行，所述方法包括：
    通过控制面单元集群与终端之间的第一接口，与所述终端传输控制面消息。
  19. 一种无线通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法由上述权利要求1至17任一所述的无线通信系统中的网络侧设备执行，所述方法包括：
    通过用户面单元集群与所述终端之间具有第二接口，与所述终端传输用户数据。
  20. 一种无线通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法由终端执行，所述方法包括：
    通过与无线通信系统中的控制面单元集群之间的第一接口，与所述控制面单元集群传输控制面消息；
    通过与所述无线通信系统中的用户面单元集群之间的第二接口，与所述用户面单元集群传输用户数据；
    其中，所述无线通信系统为如权利要求1至17任一所述的无线通信系统。
  21. 一种无线通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置用于上述权利要求1至17任一所述的无线通信系统中的网络侧设备中，所述装置包括：
    消息传输模块，用于通过控制面单元集群与终端之间的第一接口，与所述终端传输控制面消息。
  22. 一种无线通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置用于上述权利要求1至17任一所述的无线通信系统中的网络侧设备中，所述装置包括：
    数据传输模块，用于通过用户面单元集群与所述终端之间具有第二接口，与所述终端传输用户数据。
  23. 一种无线通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置用于终端中，所述装置包括：
    消息传输模块，用于通过与无线通信系统中的控制面单元集群之间的第一接口，与所述控制面单元集群传输控制面消息；
    数据传输模块，用于通过与所述无线通信系统中的用户面单元集群之间的第二接口，与所述用户面单元集群传输用户数据；
    其中，所述无线通信系统为如权利要求1至17任一所述的无线通信系统。
  24. 一种计算机设备，其特征在于，所述计算机设备实现为网络侧设备，所述网络侧设备用于上述权利要求1至17任一所述的无线通信系统，所述计算机设备包括处理器、存储器和收发器；
    所述收发器，用于通过控制面单元集群与终端之间的第一接口，与所述终端传输控制面消息。
  25. 一种计算机设备，其特征在于，所述计算机设备实现为网络侧设备，所述网络侧设备用于上述权利要求1至17任一所述的无线通信系统，所述计算机设备包括处理器、存储器和收发器；
    所述收发器，用于通过用户面单元集群与所述终端之间具有第二接口，与所述终端传输用户数据。
  26. 一种计算机设备，其特征在于，所述计算机设备实现为终端，所述计算机设备包括处理器、存储器和收发器；
    所述收发器，用于通过与无线通信系统中的控制面单元集群之间的第一接口，与所述控制面单元集群传输控制面消息；
    所述收发器，还用于通过与所述无线通信系统中的用户面单元集群之间的第二接口，与所述用户面单元集群传输用户数据；
    其中，所述无线通信系统为如权利要求1至17任一所述的无线通信系统。
  27. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述存储介质中存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序用于被处理器执行，以实现如权利要求18至20任一项所述的无线通信方法。
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