WO2023283835A1 - 电化学装置及电子装置 - Google Patents

电化学装置及电子装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023283835A1
WO2023283835A1 PCT/CN2021/106317 CN2021106317W WO2023283835A1 WO 2023283835 A1 WO2023283835 A1 WO 2023283835A1 CN 2021106317 W CN2021106317 W CN 2021106317W WO 2023283835 A1 WO2023283835 A1 WO 2023283835A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pole piece
insulating coating
current collector
electrochemical device
active material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/106317
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周卫源
龙海
戴志芳
张青文
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Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
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Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd filed Critical Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2021/106317 priority Critical patent/WO2023283835A1/zh
Priority to EP21949627.0A priority patent/EP4369462A4/en
Priority to CN202510692012.3A priority patent/CN120565839A/zh
Priority to CN202180006115.XA priority patent/CN114830402B/zh
Publication of WO2023283835A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023283835A1/zh
Priority to US18/411,755 priority patent/US20240194952A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0436—Small-sized flat cells or batteries for portable equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
    • H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H01M4/75—Wires, rods or strips
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/471—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of batteries, and in particular, to an electrochemical device and an electronic device.
  • the anode pole piece 11, separator 12, and cathode pole piece 13 which are stacked and arranged by winding are usually used to form a wound electric core, wherein the winding starting end 16 of the anode pole piece 11 has an empty foil area 17 and In the single-sided area 18, no active material layer 15 is provided on both surfaces of the current collector 14 located in the empty foil area 17, and no active material layer 15 is provided on the surface of the current collector 14 located in the single-sided area 18 facing the inside of the cell, and the surface facing The other surface of the anode sheet 13 is provided with an active material layer 15 . Since the single-side area of the anode pole piece 12 only has the active material layer 15 on one side, it is easy to have wrinkles when winding.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an electrochemical device and an electronic device using the electrochemical device, which can better solve the problem of wrinkling at the starting end of the pole piece.
  • the present application provides an electrochemical device, including an electric core formed by winding a first pole piece, a separator, and a second pole piece.
  • the first pole piece includes a current collector, including a The first surface and the second surface away from the inside of the battery core; the tab is electrically connected to the current collector and extends out of the current collector; the active material layer is arranged on the first surface and the second surface of the current collector; wherein, the first pole piece The starting end of the winding is set as a single-sided area, the first surface of the current collector located in the single-sided area is provided with an insulating coating, and the second surface of the current collector located in the single-sided area is provided with an active material layer.
  • the insulating coating can offset the curling force of the single-sided area when winding the battery core, thereby improving the single-sided area.
  • the empty foil area is saved, the foil material is saved, and the energy density is improved.
  • the problem of A and B cells does not exist in the process of cell production, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.
  • the insulating coating is adjacent to or partially overlaps with the active material layer. In this way, the exposure of the current collector at the junction of the insulating coating and the active material layer can be prevented, so as to ensure the coverage of the insulating coating on the current collector and improve the safety performance of the pole piece.
  • the thickness of the insulating coating is 1-100 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the active material layer is 25-150 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the insulating coating is less than or equal to the thickness of the active material layer. In this way, the thickness of the insulating coating will not significantly affect the overall thickness of the pole piece, thus will not adversely affect the energy density of the electrochemical device.
  • the insulating coating is disposed on a part of the first surface of the single-sided region, or the insulating coating is disposed on the entire first surface of the single-sided region. In this way, under the condition of improving the wrinkles in the single-sided area, the use of insulating coating is reduced and materials are saved.
  • the insulating coating is distributed in stripes or islands on the first surface of the single-sided region.
  • the insulating coating includes inorganic particles and binders, and the inorganic particles include aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, calcium oxide, silicon oxide, zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, hafnium oxide, tin oxide , cerium oxide, nickel oxide, yttrium oxide, silicon carbide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, barium sulfate, boehmite;
  • the binder includes homopolymer of vinylidene fluoride, vinylidene fluoride Copolymers of vinyl fluoride, copolymers of hexafluoropropylene, polystyrene, polyphenylene vinylene, sodium polyvinate, potassium polyvinate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene, polypropylene or polytetrafluoroethylene A sort of.
  • the first pole piece is an anode pole piece.
  • the thickness of the current collector is 4-6 ⁇ m. In this way, in the case of improved wrinkles in the single-sided region, choosing a thinner current collector can increase the energy density of the electrochemical device.
  • the insulating coating covers to the width edge of the first pole piece, and along the length direction of the first pole piece, an insulating coating is arranged between the active material layer It is a blank current collector, and/or, the length edge from the insulating coating to the first pole piece is set as a blank current collector.
  • the insulating coating covers to the length edge of the first pole piece, and along the width direction of the first pole piece, the insulating coating extends to the width of the first pole piece
  • the edges are set as blank current collectors.
  • the present application also provides an electronic device, including the above-mentioned electrochemical device, and the electrochemical device is used to supply power to the electronic device.
  • the insulating coating can offset the curling of the single-sided area when the battery is wound. force, thereby improving the cold-pressed folds in the single-sided area; on the other hand, compared with the prior art, the empty foil area is omitted, the foil material is saved, and the energy density is improved.
  • the problem of A and B cells does not exist in the process of cell production, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of traditional electrochemical device
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the electrochemical device of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the first pole piece of the electrochemical device of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a side view of the first pole piece of the electrochemical device shown in Fig. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of an embodiment of the first pole piece of the electrochemical device of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 to 12 are schematic structural views of different embodiments of the first pole piece of the present application.
  • Fig. 13 to Fig. 16 are respectively the structural schematic diagrams of the production process of the first pole piece of embodiment 1;
  • 17 to 18 are schematic structural diagrams of the production process of the first pole piece in Comparative Example 1, respectively.
  • FIG. 2 it is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the electrochemical device of the present application.
  • the electrochemical device includes a wound cell 10 and a casing (not shown), and the wound cell is accommodated in the casing.
  • the wound battery cell 10 is formed by winding a stacked first pole piece 100, a separator 200 and a second pole piece 300, wherein the separator 200 is arranged between the first pole piece 100 and the second pole piece 300, and the first The pole piece 100 and the second pole piece 300 have different polarities.
  • the first pole piece 100 includes a current collector 110, a tab 120 electrically connected to the current collector 110 and protruding from the current collector, and an active material layer 130 disposed on the surface of the current collector. A surface 111 and a second surface 112 facing away from the interior of the cell, the active material layer 130 is disposed on the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 of the current collector 110 .
  • the winding start end of the first pole piece 100 is set as a single-sided area 101, and the first surface 111 of the current collector 110 located in the single-sided area 101 is provided with an insulating coating 140, which is located on the single-sided area 101.
  • the active material layer 130 is provided on the second surface 112 of the current collector 110 in the region 101 . It can also be understood that the active material layer 130 is provided on only one side of the current collector 110 located in the single-sided region 101 , and an insulating coating 140 is provided on the other side.
  • the winding starting end refers to the end where the pole piece starts to be wound when the pole piece is wound to form a wound battery. It is a relative concept to the winding ending end, and the winding ending end refers to the pole When the sheet is wound to form a wound battery, the pole piece ends at the end of the winding.
  • the insulating coating 140 can offset the curling of the single-sided area 101 when winding the battery core force, thereby improving the cold pressure wrinkling of the single-sided area 101; on the other hand, the empty foil area (referring to the two sides of the current collector 110 not coated with the active material layer) is saved, the foil material is saved, and the air foil area is reduced. The thickness occupied by the region increases the energy density.
  • the existence of the insulating coating 140 will increase the contact resistance of the pole piece when a short circuit occurs inside the battery, thereby reducing the discharge power and the probability of thermal runaway when the battery is short-circuited, and improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the present application continuously coats one side of the current collector 110 , and there is no need to distinguish between A and B cells when the pole piece is wound, thereby greatly improving production efficiency.
  • the insulating coating 140 is adjacent to the active material layer 130. , that is, the insulating coating 140 and the active material layer 130 do not overlap in the thickness direction of the pole piece, and there is no gap in the winding direction of the pole piece. In this way, the contact area between the active material layer 130 and the insulating coating 140 can be prevented from being too thick, thereby affecting the local thickness of the first pole piece 100 , thereby adversely affecting the planarity of the battery cell 10 .
  • the insulating coating 140 in the winding direction of the first pole piece 100, can also partially overlap with the active material layer 130, and in the overlapping area, the active material layer 130 Disposed on the first surface 111 of the current collector 110 , the insulating coating 140 is stacked on the active material layer 130 to cover part of the active material layer 130 . In this way, the current collector 110 at the junction of the insulating coating 140 and the active material layer 130 can be prevented from being exposed, so as to ensure the coverage of the insulating coating 140 on the current collector 110 and improve the safety performance of the pole piece.
  • the layer 140 completely covers the first surface 111 of the current collector 110 from the length direction and the width direction of the first pole piece 100 , without exposing the empty current collector 110 .
  • the first surface 111 is partially covered by the insulating coating 140 .
  • the insulating coating 140 can improve the wrinkle situation, the use of the insulating coating 140 can be reduced to save materials without excessively increasing the weight of the cell and increasing the energy density per unit weight of the cell.
  • the coverage of the insulating coating 140 is 50% to 99.9%, for example, in some embodiments, the coverage of the insulating coating 140 is 65% to 95%; in some embodiments, The coverage of the insulating coating 140 is 75% to 85%; in some embodiments, the coverage of the insulating coating 140 is 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or any two values above range of composition.
  • the insulating coating 140 can improve the wrinkle of the single-sided region 101, and can also reduce the possibility of short circuit. However, the improvement of the wrinkle of the single-sided region 101 is not obvious, or short-circuit What happened still exists.
  • the degree of coverage represents the degree of coating of the coating on the coated surface, which is the percentage of the total coating area of the area to be coated minus the exposed area of the coating to be coated in the coating layer and the total coating area .
  • a coverage of 100% represents the area in which the coating completely covers all portions of the coated surface.
  • a coverage of 60% means that the coating only covers 60% of the area of the coated surface, leaving the remaining 40% of the area of the coated surface exposed.
  • the present application provides various implementations.
  • the insulating coating 140 covers to the first pole piece 100.
  • the width edge of the pole piece, and along the length direction of the first pole piece 100 (that is, the winding direction of the pole piece, the direction x in the figure), between the insulating coating 140 and the active material layer 130, between the insulating coating 140 and the first pole piece
  • the length edge (edge perpendicular to the length direction) of a pole piece 100 exposes part of the blank current collector 110, specifically, along the length direction, the distance between the insulating coating 140 and the corresponding edge of the active material layer 130 is the first distance d1
  • the distance between the insulating coating 140 and the length edge is the second distance d2, the first distance d1 and the second distance d2 are both between 0 mm and 10 mm, and at least one of them is not zero.
  • the first distance d1 is 0, 1 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm, 9 mm, or a range formed by any two values above.
  • the second distance d2 is 0, 2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm or a range formed by any two of the above values. It should be understood that the specific values of the first distance d1 and the second distance d2 can be set independently, and d1 and d2 can be set equal or unequal.
  • the first distance d1 is selected to be 0, that is, the insulating coating 140 and the active material layer 130 are adjacent to each other in the length direction of the first pole piece 100, so that the insulating coating 140 and the active material layer 130 There is no overlap in the thickness direction of the pole piece, and there is no interval in the length direction of the pole piece, so that the thickness of the pole piece is not increased and the blank current collector is not exposed, and the energy density and safety will not be adversely affected.
  • the insulating coating 140 and the active material layer 130 are adjacent to or partially overlapped.
  • the layer 140 covers the length edge of the first pole piece 100, that is, there is no blank collector exposed at the winding start end of the first pole piece 100; while along the width direction of the first pole piece 100 (direction y in the figure), the insulation
  • the coating 140 does not cover to the width edge of the first pole piece 100 (the edge perpendicular to the width direction), that is, the width edge of the first pole piece 100 exposes the blank current collector 110 .
  • the distance between the edge of the insulating coating 140 and the edge of the pole piece is a third distance d3, and on the other side of the pole piece, the insulating coating 140
  • the distance between the edge of the pole piece and the edge of the pole piece is the fourth distance d4, the third distance d3 and the fourth distance d4 are both between 0 and 10mm, and at least one of them is not zero.
  • the third distance d3 is 0, 1 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm, 9 mm, or a range formed by any two values above.
  • the fourth distance d4 is 0, 2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, or a range formed by any two values above. It should be understood that the specific values of the third distance d3 and the fourth distance d4 can be set independently, and d3 and d4 can be set equal or unequal.
  • the third distance d3 is selected to be 0, that is, the insulating coating 140 completely covers the edge of the pole piece protruding from the side of the tab 120, so that, on the battery core formed by winding, the head of the battery core (i.e. The protruding side of the tab 120) will not be thinned due to the existence of the blank current collector 110 at the edge of the pole piece, which will affect the packaging.
  • the insulating coating 140 does not completely cover the first surface 111 of the current collector 110 of the single-sided region 101, that is, there is a gap between the insulating coating 140 and the active material layer 130 to expose the blank current collector 110, the length edge of the first pole piece 100,
  • the width edges on both sides expose the blank current collector 110 because the insulating coating 140 is not covered, and the covering area and covering area are similar to those of the above-mentioned embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the insulating coating 140 can be disposed on the first surface 111 in different shapes through different coating processes.
  • the insulating coating 140 is distributed on the first surface 111 in strips, wherein the distance between two adjacent strips can be designed according to the degree of coverage, in some embodiments Among them, the distance between two adjacent strips is 1-3 mm, so that the exposed blank current collector 110 can be prevented from being too large and affecting the safety performance of the pole piece.
  • the insulating coating 140 is distributed in an island shape on the first surface 111 , that is, the insulating coating 140 is distributed in a discontinuous area on the first surface 111 .
  • each area appears as a regular circle, triangle, polygon, etc., and each area can also appear as an irregular figure, such as an area surrounded by irregular curves.
  • the thickness of the insulating coating is 1-100 ⁇ m; In the range formed by any two values above.
  • the thickness of the active material layer is 25-150 ⁇ m; for example, in some embodiments, the thickness of the insulating coating is 30 ⁇ m, 40 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m, 60 ⁇ m, 70 ⁇ m, 80 ⁇ m, 90 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m, 110 ⁇ m, 120 ⁇ m, 130 ⁇ m, 140 ⁇ m, 150 ⁇ m or The range formed by any two values above.
  • the thickness of the insulating coating is less than or equal to the thickness of the active material layer. In this way, the thickness of the insulating coating will not significantly affect the overall thickness of the first pole piece, thereby not affecting the energy density of the electrochemical device. to adversely affect.
  • the thickness of the insulating coating is smaller than the thickness of the active material layer. In this way, the thickness of the winding starting end of the first pole piece can be reduced, thereby increasing the energy density of the electrochemical device.
  • the thickness of the current collector of the first pole piece is 4-10 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the current collector of the first pole piece is 4-6 ⁇ m. Because an insulating coating is provided on the single-sided area of the winding start end, it can offset the curling force of the single-sided area of the first pole piece during the winding process, so even if the thickness of the current collector is thinner than that of the traditional battery core, this The application can also improve the cold-pressed wrinkles in the single-sided area, and the thickness of the current collector of the traditional battery such as the anode copper foil usually needs to be designed to be 8-10 ⁇ m. Further, a thinner current collector can save more cell space, thereby increasing the energy density of the cell.
  • the composition of the insulating coating includes inorganic particles and a binder.
  • the mass content of the inorganic particles is 70% to 99.7%, for example, the mass content of the inorganic particles is 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or any two of the above values within the composed range.
  • the binder content is 0.3% to 30%, for example, the binder mass content is 0.5%, 0.7%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% Or within the range formed by any two values above.
  • Inorganic particles and binders within the above range of mass content can ensure that the insulating coating has good adhesion on the surface of the current collector, and it is not easy to fall off during the winding process of the pole piece. fall off and affect safety performance.
  • the insulating coating further includes a thickener, and based on the total weight of the insulating coating, the mass content of the thickener is 0.3%-20%.
  • the thickener content is 0.5%, 0.7%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, or within the range formed by any two of the above values.
  • the thickener can improve the viscosity of the insulating coating in the slurry state, which is beneficial to coating the insulating coating slurry on the current collector.
  • the inorganic particles include aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, calcium oxide, silicon oxide, zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, hafnium oxide, tin oxide, cerium oxide, nickel oxide, yttrium oxide, At least one of silicon carbide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, barium sulfate, and boehmite.
  • the binder includes a homopolymer of vinylidene fluoride, a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride, a copolymer of hexafluoropropylene, polystyrene, polyphenylene vinylene, sodium polyvinate, polyethylene At least one of potassium phosphate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene, polypropylene or polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the thickener includes at least one of carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose.
  • the first pole piece is an anode pole piece
  • the second pole piece is a cathode pole piece.
  • the cathode electrode piece can be disposed on the outermost layer of the battery cell, because the electrochemical corrosion between the current collector aluminum foil of the cathode and the aluminum-plastic film of the packaging bag is small, which can improve the safety of the electrochemical device.
  • the first pole piece is a cathode pole piece
  • the second pole piece is an anode pole piece.
  • the anode sheet generally includes an anode current collector and an anode active material layer, wherein the anode current collector may include copper foil, copper alloy foil, nickel foil, stainless steel foil, titanium foil, nickel foam, foam Copper or composite current collector.
  • the anode active material layer includes a cathode active material, a conductive agent, and a binder.
  • the type of anode active material is not particularly limited, as long as the purpose of the present application can be achieved.
  • natural graphite artificial graphite, mesophase microcarbon spheres (MCMB), hard carbon, soft carbon, silicon, silicon-carbon composite, SiOx (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2), Li-Sn alloy, Li-Sn - at least one of O alloy, Sn, SnO, SnO2, lithium titanate Li4Ti5O12 with spinel structure, Li-Al alloy, and metallic lithium.
  • MCMB mesophase microcarbon spheres
  • Conductive materials may include carbon-based materials (e.g., natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, Ketjen black, carbon fibers, etc.), metal-based materials (e.g., metal powders, metal fibers, etc., including, for example, copper, nickel , aluminum, silver, etc.), conductive polymers (for example, polyphenylene derivatives) and mixtures thereof.
  • the binder may include at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorinated rubber, polyurethane, styrene-butadiene rubber, polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, alginic acid, and sodium alginate.
  • the thickness of the anode current collector and the anode active material layer there is no particular limitation on the thickness of the anode current collector and the anode active material layer, as long as the purpose of the application can be achieved, for example, the thickness of the anode current collector is 4 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the anode active material layer is 20 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m. 150 ⁇ m.
  • the cathode pole piece comprises a cathode current collector and a cathode active material layer.
  • the cathode current collector may include aluminum foil, aluminum alloy foil or a composite current collector.
  • the cathode active material layer includes cathode active materials, for example, may include lithium nickel cobalt manganate (811, 622, 523, 111), lithium nickel cobalt aluminate, lithium iron phosphate, lithium-rich manganese-based materials, lithium cobaltate, manganic acid At least one of lithium, lithium manganese iron phosphate, or lithium titanate.
  • the thickness of the cathode current collector and the cathode active material layer there is no particular limitation on the thickness of the cathode current collector and the cathode active material layer, as long as the purpose of the application can be achieved.
  • the thickness of the cathode current collector is 4 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m
  • the thickness of the cathode material layer is 20 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m. .
  • the cathode tab or the anode tab is provided by die-cutting.
  • the cathode tab material includes at least one of aluminum (Al) or aluminum alloy, and the anode tab material includes at least one of nickel (Ni), copper (Cu) or nickel-plated copper (Ni—Cu).
  • the anode tab and the cathode tab are welded on the blank current collector.
  • the diaphragm is used to separate the first pole piece and the second pole piece, so as to prevent the first pole piece and the second pole piece from contacting each other, thereby avoiding the internal short circuit of the cell.
  • the separator can infiltrate the electrolyte and allow charged ions to pass through to form an electrical cycle.
  • the separator includes a base material and an adhesive layer arranged on the surface of the base material. The adhesive layer can soak the electrolyte and bond the separator to the cathode electrode sheet or the anode electrode sheet, so as to inhibit the battery cell from charging and discharging during the charge-discharge cycle. Volume expansion.
  • the base material of the separator can be selected from polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP)-based polyolefin (PO) separators, polyester films (such as polyethylene terephthalate) polyester (PET) film), cellulose film, polyimide film (PI), polyamide film (PA), spandex or aramid film, woven film, non-woven film (non-woven fabric), microporous film, composite At least one of film, separator paper, laminated film, spun film, etc.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate polyester
  • PET polyimide film
  • PA polyamide film
  • aramid film spandex or aramid film
  • woven film non-woven film (non-woven fabric)
  • microporous film composite At least one of film, separator paper, laminated film, spun film, etc.
  • the material of the base material of the separator is polypropylene, which has a good effect on preventing short circuit, and can improve the stability of the battery through the shutdown effect, and polypropylene usually has a good effect on polymers. Affinity is conducive to improving the bonding effect between the substrate and the bonding layer.
  • the above-mentioned adhesive layer disposed on the substrate includes polymers and ceramic particles, and the polymers are selected from polyvinylidene fluoride, copolymers of vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene, styrene-butadiene Diene polymer, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyoxyethylene, polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl ether, polymethacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene At least one of vinyl fluoride and polyhexafluoropropylene.
  • the polymers are selected from polyvinylidene fluoride, copolymers of vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene, styrene-butadiene Diene polymer, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyoxyethylene, polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyviny
  • the above-mentioned polymer has high cohesiveness, and there are certain pores between the polymer particles, so it is beneficial to the bonding of the diaphragm to the pole piece, and at the same time, it can also ensure the ion passage rate of the diaphragm.
  • the ceramic particles are selected from silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium dioxide, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, zinc dioxide, hafnium dioxide, tin oxide, cerium oxide, nickel oxide, zinc oxide, calcium oxide, boehmite , aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and barium sulfate at least one.
  • the ceramic particles in the bonding layer can support the pores and keep the pores from being destroyed, thereby reducing the probability of compression and swelling of the isolation membrane, making the cell have a higher ionic conductivity and greatly improving The rate performance and cycle performance of the battery cell, while the ceramic particles can also increase the heat resistance of the separator and improve the safety of the battery cell.
  • the inorganic particles of the insulating coating and the ceramic particles of the bonding layer are set independently, and parameters such as the type, amount, and particle size of the inorganic particles and ceramic particles can be selected to be the same or different.
  • the electrochemical device of the present application further includes an electrolyte, and the electrolyte and the cell are contained in the case.
  • the electrolyte may be at least one of a gel electrolyte, a solid electrolyte and an electrolytic solution, and the electrolytic solution includes a lithium salt and a non-aqueous solvent.
  • lithium salts may include LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiB(C 6 H 5 ) 4 , LiCH 3 SO 3 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 , LiC(SO 2 CF 3 ) 3 , LiSiF 6 , LiBOB, or lithium difluoroborate.
  • LiPF 6 may be selected as a lithium salt because it can give high ion conductivity and improve cycle characteristics.
  • the non-aqueous solvent may be at least one of carbonate compounds, carboxylate compounds, ether compounds or other organic solvents.
  • the carbonate compound may be at least one of a chain carbonate compound, a cyclic carbonate compound, or a fluorocarbonate compound.
  • Chain carbonate compounds may include dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dipropyl carbonate (DPC), methyl propyl carbonate (MPC), ethyl propyl carbonate (EPC) or methyl ethyl carbonate At least one of esters (MEC) and the like.
  • the cyclic carbonate compound may include at least one of ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), butylene carbonate (BC), vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC), and the like.
  • Fluorocarbonate compounds may include fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), 1,2-difluoroethylene carbonate, 1,1-difluoroethylene carbonate, 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene carbonate ester, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethylene carbonate, 1-fluoro-2-methylethylene carbonate, 1-fluoro-1-methylethylene carbonate, 1,2-difluorocarbonate - at least one of 1-methylethylene carbonate, 1,1,2-trifluoro-2-methylethylene carbonate, or trifluoromethylethylene carbonate.
  • FEC fluoroethylene carbonate
  • 1,2-difluoroethylene carbonate 1,1-difluoroethylene carbonate
  • 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene carbonate ester 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethylene carbonate
  • 1-fluoro-2-methylethylene carbonate 1-fluoro-1-methylethylene carbonate
  • 1,2-difluorocarbonate - at least one of 1-methylethylene carbonate, 1,1,2-trifluoro-2-methylethylene carbonate,
  • Carboxylate compounds may include methyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, t-butyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, gamma-butyrolactone, decyl At least one of lactone, valerolactone, mevalonolactone, or caprolactone.
  • Ether compounds may include dibutyl ether, tetraglyme, diglyme, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 1,2-diethoxyethane, ethoxymethoxy at least one of ethane, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, or tetrahydrofuran.
  • the above-mentioned other organic solvents may include dimethyl sulfoxide, 1,2-dioxolane, sulfolane, methyl sulfolane, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, methyl At least one of amide, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate or phosphoric acid ester.
  • the housing includes at least one of an aluminum-plastic film, an aluminum shell, a steel shell, and a plastic shell.
  • the present application has no particular limitation on the shell, as long as the purpose of the present application can be achieved.
  • Embodiment 1 Preparation of the first pole piece
  • the anode active material artificial graphite, the binder styrene-butadiene rubber, and the thickener carboxymethyl cellulose are mixed in a mass ratio of 96:3:1, and stirred evenly to obtain the anode active material layer slurry;
  • the inorganic particles of alumina particles , the binder styrene-butadiene rubber, and the thickener carboxymethyl cellulose are mixed in a weight ratio of 85:10:5, and stirred evenly to obtain an insulating coating slurry.
  • the active material layer slurry was continuously coated on the second surface of the copper foil 20 with a thickness of 5 ⁇ m.
  • the active material layer slurry is gap-coated on the first surface of the copper foil 20 to expose the blank current collector 101, and the insulating coating slurry is intermittently coated
  • the intermediate shape of the pole piece as shown in FIG. 15 is obtained through cold pressing.
  • the thickness of the pole piece is 117.3 ⁇ m
  • the thickness of the insulating coating 140 is 35 ⁇ m
  • the compacted density is 1.755 g/cc.
  • first pole piece strips A and B die-cut the tabs and strips, as shown in Figure 16, after die-cutting the tabs, divide the strips from the middle of the pole piece in the middle form along the winding direction to form two first pole piece strips A and B, namely The first pole piece of A battery, the first pole piece of B battery, wherein the first pole piece of A battery is the same as the first pole piece of B battery, and both include a plurality of first pole pieces connected end to end . Therefore, after cutting the first pole piece of the A battery and the first pole piece of the B battery, the same first pole piece of the A battery and the first pole piece of the B battery can be obtained. Therefore, using the above The first pole piece obtained by the method is the same as the A cell and the B cell.
  • the active material layer slurry is gap-coated on the first surface and the second surface of the copper foil with a thickness of 6 ⁇ m, and after cold pressing, along the winding direction, a single-sided area 101 and an empty foil are formed.
  • Region 102 is an intermediate configuration of the pole piece.
  • Table 1 is the test data of the wound cell of Example 1 and the electrochemical device of Comparative Example 1. It can be seen from Table 1 that after winding the first pole piece of the wound cell with Example 1, the ratio of wrinkles in the single-sided region is significantly smaller than that of the wound cell with Comparative Example 1. Embodiment 1 can significantly improve the phenomenon that the winding starting end of the first pole piece has wrinkles.

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Abstract

一种电化学装置及电子装置，电化学装置包括由第一极片（100）、隔膜（200）及第二极片（300）卷绕形成的电芯（10），第一极片（100）包括：集流体（110）、极耳（120）及活性物质层（130），集流体（110）包括朝向电芯（10）内部的第一表面（111）和背离电芯（10）内部的第二表面（112）；极耳（120）与集流体（110）电连接并伸出集流体（110）；活性物质层（130），设置于集流体（110）的第一表面（111）和第二表面（112）；其中，第一极片（100）的卷绕起始端设置为单面区（101），位于单面区（101）的集流体（110）的第一表面（111）设置绝缘涂层（140），位于单面区（101）的集流体（110）的第二表面（112）设置活性物质层（130）。

Description

电化学装置及电子装置 技术领域
本申请实施方式涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种电化学装置及电子装置。
背景技术
如图1所示，目前，通常通过卷绕层叠设置的阳极极片11、隔膜12、阴极极片13形成卷绕式电芯，其中阳极极片11卷绕起始端16具有空箔区17及单面区18，位于空箔区17的集流体14的两个表面均未设置活性物质层15，位于单面区18的集流体14的朝向电芯内部的表面不设置活性物质层15，朝向阳极极片13的另一表面设置活性物质层15。阳极极片12的单面区由于仅在单面具有活性物质层15，卷绕时容易具有褶皱，为了减少褶皱，业界通常做法为延长阳极极片空箔区的长度，或者在空箔区域设置加强筋。然而上述方案均不能很好地解决卷绕时阳极极片卷绕起始端的褶皱问题。此外，图1所示的电芯在制备极片的过程中，由于单面区和空箔区的存在导致出现A、B电芯的问题，生产效率较低。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本申请实施方式提供了一种能够较好解决极片卷绕起始端容易出现褶皱问题的电化学装置及应用电化学装置的电子装置。
根据本申请的一个方面，本申请提供一种电化学装置，包括由第一极片、隔膜及第二极片卷绕形成的电芯，第一极片包括集流体，包括朝向电芯内部的第一表面和背离电芯内部的第二表面；极耳，与集流体电连接并伸出集流体；活性物质层，设置于集流体的第一表面和第二表面；其中，第一极片的卷绕起始端设置为单面区，位于单面区的集流体的第 一表面设置绝缘涂层，位于单面区的集流体的第二表面设置活性物质层。
通过在极片的卷绕起始端设置为单面区，并且在单面区设置绝缘涂层，一方面通过绝缘涂层抵消卷绕电芯时单面区的卷曲力，进而改善了单面区的冷压褶皱；另外一方面相比现有技术省去了空箔区，节省了箔材，提高了能量密度。并且，由于该单面区的设置使得电芯生产的过程中不存在A、B电芯的问题，生产效率大大提高。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，沿第一极片的卷绕方向，绝缘涂层与活性物质层相邻接或部分重叠。如此，可以防止在绝缘涂层与活性物质层的交界处的集流体暴露，以确保绝缘涂层对集流体的覆盖度，提高极片的安全性能。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，绝缘涂层厚度为1～100μm，活性物质层的厚度为25～150μm。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，绝缘涂层的厚度小于或等于活性物质层的厚度。如此，绝缘涂层的厚度不会明显影响极片的整体厚度，从而不会对电化学装置的能量密度带来不利影响。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，绝缘涂层设置于单面区的部分第一表面，或，绝缘涂层设置于单面区的全部第一表面。如此，在保证改善单面区的褶皱情况下，减少绝缘涂层的使用，节省材料。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，绝缘涂层在单面区的第一表面上呈条纹状或岛状分布。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，绝缘涂层包括无机颗粒及粘合剂，无机颗粒包括氧化铝、氧化锌、氧化钙、氧化硅、氧化锆、氧化镁、氧化钛、二氧化铪、氧化锡、二氧化铈、氧化镍、氧化钇、碳化硅、氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、氢氧化钙、硫酸钡、勃姆石的至少一种；粘合剂包括偏氟乙烯的均聚物、偏氟乙烯的共聚物、六氟丙烯的共聚物、聚苯乙烯、聚苯乙炔、聚乙烯酸钠、聚乙烯酸钾、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯或聚四氟乙烯的至少一种。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，第一极片为阳极极片。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，集流体的厚度为4～6μm。如此，在 单面区的褶皱改善的情况下，选择较薄的集流体，可以提高电化学装置的能量密度。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，沿第一极片的宽度方向，绝缘涂层覆盖至第一极片的宽度边缘，沿第一极片的长度方向，绝缘涂层与活性物质层之间设置为空白集流体，和/或，绝缘涂层至第一极片的长度边缘设置为空白集流体。如此设置，使得绝缘涂层已经可以改善褶皱情况的同时，可以减少绝缘涂层的使用，节省材料，同时不会过度增加电芯的重量，提高电芯单位重量上的能量密度。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，沿第一极片的长度方向，绝缘涂层覆盖至第一极片的长度边缘，沿第一极片的宽度方向，绝缘涂层至第一极片的宽度边缘设置为空白集流体。如此设置，使得绝缘涂层已经可以改善褶皱情况的同时，可以减少绝缘涂层的使用，节省材料，同时不会过度增加电芯的重量，提高电芯单位重量上的能量密度。
根据本申请的另一方面，本申请还提供了一种电子装置，包括上述的电化学装置，电化学装置用于对电子装置供电。
本申请提供的电化学装置，通过在极片的卷绕起始端设置为单面区，并且在单面区设置绝缘涂层，一方面通过绝缘涂层抵消卷绕电芯时单面区的卷曲力，进而改善了单面区的冷压褶皱；另外一方面相比现有技术省去了空箔区，节省了箔材，提高了能量密度。并且，由于该单面区的设置使得电芯生产的过程中不存在A、B电芯的问题，生产效率大大提高。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。在所有附图中，类似的元件或部分一般由类似的附图标记标识。附图中，各元件或部分并不一定按照实际的比例绘制。
图1为传统电化学装置的结构示意图；
图2为本申请电化学装置一实施方式的结构示意图；
图3为本申请电化学装置第一极片一实施方式的结构示意图；
图4为图3所示电化学装置第一极片的侧视图；
图5为本申请电化学装置第一极片一实施方式的侧视图；
图6至图12分别为本申请第一极片不同实施方式的结构示意图；
图13至图16分别为实施例1第一极片的生产过程结构示意图；
图17至图18分别为对比例1第一极片生产过程结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本申请，下面结合附图和具体实施方式，对本申请进行更详细的说明。需要说明的是，当元件被表述“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上、或者其间可以存在一个或多个居中的元件。当一个元件被表述“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件、或者其间可以存在一个或多个居中的元件。本说明书所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
除非另有定义，本说明书所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本说明书中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是用于限制本申请。本说明书所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
如图2所示，其为本申请电化学装置一实施方式的结构示意图。
电化学装置包括卷绕式电芯10和壳体(未图示)，卷绕式电芯容纳于壳体内。卷绕式电芯10由层叠设置的第一极片100、隔膜200及第二极片300卷绕形成，其中，隔膜200设置于第一极片100和第二极片300之间，第一极片100和第二极片300的极性不同。其中，第一极片100包括集流体110、与集流体110电连接且伸出集流体的极耳120，以及设置于集流体表面的活性物质层130，集流体110具有朝向电芯内部的第一表面111和背离电芯内部的第二表面112，活性物质层130设置在集流体110的第一表面111和第二表面112。
如图3、图4所示，在第一极片100的卷绕起始端设置为单面区101，位于单面区101的集流体110的第一表面111设置绝缘涂层140，位于单面区101的集流体110的第二表面112设置活性物质层130，也可以理解为，位于单面区101的集流体110仅一面设置活性物质层130，另一面设置绝缘涂层140。应当理解的是，卷绕起始端是指极片在进行卷绕形成卷绕式电芯时，极片开始卷绕的一端，其与卷绕收尾端是相对概念，卷绕收尾端是指极片在进行卷绕形成卷绕式电芯时，极片结束卷绕的一端。
通过在第一极片100的卷绕起始端设置为单面区101，并且在单面区101设置绝缘涂层140，一方面通过绝缘涂层140抵消卷绕电芯时单面区101的卷曲力，进而改善了单面区101的冷压褶皱；另外一方面，省去了空箔区(指集流体110的两面未涂覆活性物质层)，节省了箔材，并且减少了因空箔区占用的厚度，提高了能量密度。此外，绝缘涂层140的存在会增大电芯内部发生短路时极片的接触阻抗，从而降低电芯短路时的放电功率和热失控概率，提高电芯的安全性能。而且，本申请对集流体110的一面连续涂布，并且在极片卷绕时无需区分A、B电芯从而极大地提高了生产效率。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，如图3、图4所示，在第一极片100的卷绕方向上(图中的方向x)，绝缘涂层140与活性物质层130相邻接设置，即绝缘涂层140与活性物质层130在极片厚度方向上不重叠，在极片卷绕方向上不间隔。如此，可以防止活性物质层130与绝缘涂层140的接触区域过厚从而影响第一极片100的局部厚度，从而给电芯10的平整性带来不利影响。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，如图5所示，在第一极片100的卷绕方向上，绝缘涂层140也可以与活性物质层130部分重叠设置，在重叠区域，活性物质层130设置于集流体110的第一表面111上，绝缘涂层140层叠设置于活性物质层130上从而覆盖部分活性物质层130。如此，可以防止在绝缘涂层140与活性物质层130的交界处的集流体110暴露，以确保绝缘涂层140对集流体110的覆盖度，提高极片的安全性能。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，如图3、图4所示，绝缘涂层140设置于位于单面区101的集流体110的全部的第一表面111，即在单面区101，绝缘涂层140从第一极片100的长度方向及宽度方向完全覆盖集流体110的第一表面111，没有露出空白集流体110。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，如图6-图12所示，绝缘涂层140也可以仅设置于位于单面区101的集流体110的部分的第一表面111，即在单面区101，第一表面111被绝缘涂层140部分覆盖。如此，在绝缘涂层140已经可以改善褶皱情况的同时，可以减少绝缘涂层140的使用，节省材料，同时不会过度增加电芯的重量，提高单位电芯重量上的能量密度。
在一些实施方式中，绝缘涂层140的覆盖度为50％～99.9％，例如，例如，在一些实施例中，绝缘涂层140的覆盖度为65％～95％；在一些实施例中，绝缘涂层140的覆盖度为75％～85％；在一些实施例中，绝缘涂层140的覆盖度为50％、60％、70％、80％、90％或在上述任意两个数值所组成的范围。在上述覆盖度内，绝缘涂层140能够改善单面区101的褶皱情况，同时也能够降低短路发生的可能，而低于上述覆盖度，单面区101的褶皱情况改善不明显，或者，短路发生的可能仍然存在。
其中，覆盖度表示涂层对涂覆表面的涂覆程度，为待涂覆区域的总涂覆面积减去涂覆层中的暴露的待涂覆层的面积与所述总涂覆面积的百分比。例如，覆盖度为100％代表所述涂层完全覆盖涂覆表面全部部分的面积。覆盖度为60％代表所述涂层仅覆盖所涂覆表面60％部分的面积，所涂覆表面另外40％部分的面积呈暴露状态。
在上述的绝缘涂层140设置于单面区101的集流体110的部分的第一表面111中，本申请提供了多种实施方式。
在一种实施方式中，如图6所示，沿第一极片100的宽度方向(即极耳120伸出集流体110的方向，图中的方向y)，绝缘涂层140覆盖至第一极片的宽度边缘，而沿第一极片100的长度方向(即极片的卷绕方向，图中的方向x)，绝缘涂层140与活性物质层130之间、绝缘涂层140至第一极片100的长度边缘(垂直于长度方向的边缘)暴露出部 分空白集流体110，具体地，沿长度方向，绝缘涂层140与活性物质层130对应边缘之间的距离为第一距离d1，绝缘涂层140与长度边缘之间的距离为第二距离d2，第一距离d1、第二距离d2均介于0至10mm之间，且至少一者不为0。例如，第一距离d1为0、1mm、3mm、5mm、7mm、9mm或在上述任意两个数值所组成的范围。再如，第二距离d2为0、2mm、4mm、6mm、8mm、10mm或在上述任意两个数值所组成的范围。应当理解的是，第一距离d1和第二距离d2的具体数值可独立设置，d1与d2可设置为相等或不相等。在一些实施方式中，选择第一距离d1为0，即绝缘涂层140和活性物质层130在第一极片100的长度方向上是相邻接，如此，绝缘涂层140和活性物质层130在极片厚度方向上不重叠，在极片长度方向上也没有间隔，从而不增加极片的厚度也不暴露空白集流体，不会对能量密度和安全性带来不利影响。
在一种实施方式中，如图7所示，沿第一极片100的长度方向(图中的方向x)，绝缘涂层140与活性物质层130之间相邻接或部分重叠，绝缘涂层140覆盖至第一极片100的长度边缘，即在第一极片100的卷绕起始端没有空白集流暴露；而沿第一极片100的宽度方向(图中的方向y)，绝缘涂层140未覆盖至第一极片100的宽度边缘(垂直于宽度方向的边缘)，即第一极片100的宽度边缘暴露出空白集流体110。如图7所示，在极片伸出极耳120的一侧，绝缘涂层140的边缘与极片边缘之间的距离为第三距离d3，在极片的另一侧，绝缘涂层140的边缘与极片边缘之间的距离为第四距离d4，第三距离d3和第四距离d4均介于0至10mm之间，且至少一者不为0。例如，第三距离d3为0、1mm、3mm、5mm、7mm、9mm或在上述任意两个数值所组成的范围。再如，第四距离d4为0、2mm、4mm、6mm、8mm、10mm或在上述任意两个数值所组成的范围。应当理解的是，第三距离d3和第四距离d4的具体数值可独立设置，d3与d4可设置为相等或不相等。在一些实施方式中，选择第三距离d3为0，即绝缘涂层140完全覆盖极片伸出极耳120一侧的边缘，如此，在卷绕形成的电芯上，电芯头部(即极耳120伸出的一侧)不会因为存在极片边缘的空白集流体110而头部变薄，影响封装。
在其他的一些实施方式中，如图8所示，沿第一极片100的长度方向(图中的方向x)和第一极片100的宽度方向(图中的方向y)，绝缘涂层140均未完全覆盖单面区101的集流体110的第一表面111，即绝缘涂层140与活性物质层130之间存在间隔而暴露出空白集流体110，第一极片100的长度边缘、两侧的宽度边缘均因为未覆盖绝缘涂层140而暴露出空白集流体110，其覆盖面积与覆盖区域与上述实施方式类似，此处不再复述。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，绝缘涂层140可通过不同的涂布工艺从而以不同形状设置在第一表面111上。如图9至图11所示实施方式中，绝缘涂层140呈条带状分布于第一表面111上，其中，相邻两个条带之间的距离可根据覆盖度设计，在一些实施方式中，相邻两个条带之间的距离为1～3mm，如此，可防止暴露的空白集流体110面积过大而影响极片的安全性能。在一些其他实施方式中，如图12所示实施方式中，绝缘涂层140在第一表面111上呈岛状分布，即绝缘涂层140在第一表面111上呈非连续的区域分布，在平面上，每个区域呈现为规则的圆形、三角形、多边形等，每个区域也可呈现为不规则图形，如由不规则的曲线围成的区域。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，绝缘涂层的厚度为1～100μm；例如，在一些实施例中，绝缘涂层厚度为10μm、20μm、30μm、40μm、50μm、60μm、70μm、80μm、90μm或在上述任意两个数值所组成的范围。活性物质层的厚度为25～150μm；例如，在一些实施例中，绝缘涂层厚度为30μm、40μm、50μm、60μm、70μm、80μm、90μm、100μm、110μm、120μm、130μm、140μm、150μm或在上述任意两个数值所组成的范围。
在一些实施方式中，绝缘涂层的厚度小于或等于活性物质层的厚度，如此，绝缘涂层的厚度不会明显影响第一极片的整体厚度，从而不会对电化学装置的能量密度带来不利影响。优选地，绝缘涂层的厚度小于活性物质层的厚度，如此，能够减小第一极片卷绕起始端的厚度，从而增加电化学装置的能量密度。
上述的绝缘涂层厚度、活性物质层的厚度，可采用如下测试方法： 截取100mm长度的极片样品，使用万分测厚仪分别测试10个不同位置点的极片厚度值，取平均值作为极片的厚度值。其中测试双面涂覆活性物质层的极片厚度值作为D 1，一面涂覆活性物质层、另外一面涂覆绝缘涂层的极片厚度值为D 2，则活性物质层厚度D a＝(D1-D)/2，绝缘涂层厚度D i＝D 2-D a-D,D指集流体厚度。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，第一极片的集流体的厚度为4～10μm。优选地，在本申请的一些实施方式中，第一极片的集流体的厚度为4～6μm。因为在卷绕起始端的单面区设置了绝缘涂层，可以抵消第一极片在卷绕过程中单面区的卷曲力，因此即使集流体的厚度薄于传统电芯的集流体，本申请也可对单面区冷压褶皱进行改善，而传统电芯的集流体如阳极铜箔的厚度通常需要设计为8～10μm。进一步的，较薄的集流体可以节省更多的电芯空间，从而提高了电芯的能量密度。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，绝缘涂层的组成包括无机颗粒及粘合剂。其中，基于绝缘涂层的总重量，无机颗粒的质量含量为70％～99.7％,例如，无机颗粒质量含量为75％、80％、85％、90％、95％或在上述任意两个数值所组成的范围内。基于绝缘涂层的总重量，粘合剂含量为0.3％～30％，例如，粘合剂质量含量为0.5％、0.7％、1％、5％、10％、15％、20％、25％或在上述任意两个数值所组成的范围内。在上述质量含量范围内的无机颗粒和粘结剂，可保证绝缘涂层在集流体表面具有较好的粘结性，在极片卷绕过程中不容易脱落，同时在电芯中也不容易脱落而影响安全性能。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，绝缘涂层还包括增稠剂，基于绝缘涂层的总重量，增稠剂的质量含量为0.3％～20％。例如，稠剂含量为0.5％、0.7％、1％、5％、10％、15％或在上述任意两个数值所组成的范围内。增稠剂可以改善绝缘涂层在浆料状态时的粘稠性，有利于将绝缘涂层浆料涂布在集流体上。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，无机颗粒包括氧化铝、氧化锌、氧化钙、氧化硅、氧化锆、氧化镁、氧化钛、二氧化铪、氧化锡、二氧化铈、氧化镍、氧化钇、碳化硅、氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、氢氧化钙、硫酸钡、 勃姆石的至少一种。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，粘合剂包括偏氟乙烯的均聚物、偏氟乙烯的共聚物、六氟丙烯的共聚物、聚苯乙烯、聚苯乙炔、聚乙烯酸钠、聚乙烯酸钾、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯或聚四氟乙烯的至少一种。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，增稠剂包括羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素中的至少一种。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，第一极片为阳极极片，相对应地，第二极片为阴极极片。如此，在电芯的最外圈层可以设置阴极极片收尾，因为阴极的集流体铝箔与包装袋铝塑膜之间的电化学腐蚀较小，可以提高电化学装置的安全性。在本申请的另外一些实施方式中，第一极片为阴极极片，相对应地，第二极片为阳极极片。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，阳极极片通常包含阳极集流体和阳极活性材料层，其中，阳极集流体可以包含铜箔、铜合金箔、镍箔、不锈钢箔、钛箔、泡沫镍、泡沫铜或复合集流体。阳极活性材料层包括阴极活性材料、导电剂和粘结剂。阳极活性材料的种类没有特别限制，只要能够实现本申请目的即可。例如，可以包括天然石墨、人造石墨、中间相微碳球(MCMB)、硬碳、软碳、硅、硅-碳复合物、SiOx(0<x<2)、Li-Sn合金、Li-Sn-O合金、Sn、SnO、SnO2、尖晶石结构的钛酸锂Li4Ti5O12、Li-Al合金及金属锂等中的至少一种。导电材料可以包括基于碳的材料(例如，天然石墨、人造石墨、碳黑、乙炔黑、科琴黑、碳纤维等)、基于金属的材料(例如，金属粉、金属纤维等，包括例如铜、镍、铝、银等)、导电聚合物(例如，聚亚苯基衍生物)和它们的混合物。粘结剂可以包括聚偏二氟乙烯、聚四氟乙烯、氟化橡胶、聚氨酯、丁苯橡胶、聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酸钠、聚乙烯醇、海藻酸、海藻酸钠中的至少一种。在本申请中，对阳极集流体和阳极活性材料层的厚度没有特别限制，只要能够实现本申请目的即可，例如，阳极集流体的厚度为4μm至10μm，阳极活性材料层的厚度为20μm至150μm。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，阴极极片包含阴极集流体和阴极活性 材料层。其中，阴极集流体可以包含铝箔、铝合金箔或复合集流体等。阴极活性材料层包括阴极活性材料，例如，可以包括镍钴锰酸锂(811、622、523、111)、镍钴铝酸锂、磷酸铁锂、富锂锰基材料、钴酸锂、锰酸锂、磷酸锰铁锂或钛酸锂等中的至少一种。在本申请中，对阴极集流体和阴极活性材料层的厚度没有特别限制，只要能够实现本申请目的即可。例如，阴极集流体的厚度为4μm至20μm，阴极材料层的厚度为20μm至150μm。。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，阴极极片或阳极极片通过模切设置极耳。阴极极耳材料包括铝(Al)或铝合金中的至少一种，阳极极耳材料包括镍(Ni)、铜(Cu)或铜镀镍(Ni-Cu)中的至少一种。在其他实施例中，阳极极耳和阴极极耳焊接在空白集流体上。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，隔膜用于分隔第一极片与第二极片，以避免第一极片与第二极片彼此接触，从而避免电芯内部短路。其中，隔膜能够浸润电解液，供带电离子通过，以形成电循环。具体地，隔膜包括基材以及设置于基材表面的粘结层，粘结层可浸润电解液，并将隔膜与阴极极片或阳极极片相粘结，抑制电芯在充放电循环中的体积膨胀。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，隔膜的基材可以选自聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)为主的聚烯烃(PO)类隔膜，聚酯膜(例如聚对苯二甲酸二乙酯(PET)膜)、纤维素膜、聚酰亚胺膜(PI)、聚酰胺膜(PA)，氨纶或芳纶膜、织造膜、非织造膜(无纺布)、微孔膜、复合膜、隔膜纸、碾压膜、纺丝膜等中的至少一种。在一些实施方式中，隔膜的基材的材料选择聚丙烯，其对防止短路具有良好的作用，并可以通过关断效应改善电池的稳定性，并且聚丙烯通常与高分子聚合物具有很好的亲和性，有利于提高基材与粘结层之间的粘结效果。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，上述设置于基材上的粘结层包括聚合物和陶瓷颗粒，聚合物选自聚偏氟乙烯、偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯的共聚物、苯乙烯-丁二烯聚合物、聚酰胺、聚丙烯腈、聚氧乙烯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酸盐、羧甲基纤维素钠、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯醚、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚四氟乙烯和聚六氟丙烯中的至少一种。上述的聚合 物具有较高的粘结性，并且聚合物颗粒之间存在一定的孔隙，因此有利于隔膜对极片的粘结，同时还能保证隔膜的离子通过率。陶瓷颗粒选自二氧化硅、三氧化二铝、二氧化镁、二氧化钛、二氧化锆、二氧化锌、二氧化铪、氧化锡、二氧化铈、氧化镍、氧化锌、氧化钙、勃姆石、氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、氢氧化钙和硫酸钡中的至少一种。粘结层中的陶瓷颗粒能够对孔隙起到支撑作用，维持孔隙不被破坏，进而降低隔离膜发生压缩堵孔以及溶胀堵孔的概率，使电芯具有更高的离子电导率，极大地提高电芯的倍率性能和循环性能，同时陶瓷颗粒还可以增加隔膜的耐热性，提高电芯的安全性。在本申请的一些实施方式中，绝缘涂层的无机颗粒和粘结层的陶瓷颗粒独立设置，无机颗粒和陶瓷颗粒的种类、用量、粒径等参数可以选择相同或不同。
本申请的电化学装置还包括电解质，电解质和电芯均容纳在壳体之内。其中，电解质可以是凝胶电解质、固态电解质和电解液中的至少一种，电解液包括锂盐和非水溶剂。在本申请的一些实施例中，锂盐可以包括LiPF 6、LiBF 4、LiAsF 6、LiClO 4、LiB(C 6H 5) 4、LiCH 3SO 3、LiCF 3SO 3、LiN(SO 2CF 3) 2、LiC(SO 2CF 3) 3、LiSiF 6、LiBOB或二氟硼酸锂等中的至少一种。举例来说，锂盐可以选用LiPF 6，因为它可以给出高的离子导电率并改善循环特性。非水溶剂可为碳酸酯化合物、羧酸酯化合物、醚化合物或其它有机溶剂等中的至少一种。碳酸酯化合物可为链状碳酸酯化合物、环状碳酸酯化合物或氟代碳酸酯化合物等中的至少一种。链状碳酸酯化合物可以包括碳酸二甲酯(DMC)、碳酸二乙酯(DEC)、碳酸二丙酯(DPC)、碳酸甲丙酯(MPC)、碳酸乙丙酯(EPC)或碳酸甲乙酯(MEC)等中的至少一种。环状碳酸酯化合物可以包括碳酸亚乙酯(EC)、碳酸亚丙酯(PC)、碳酸亚丁酯(BC)或碳酸乙烯基亚乙酯(VEC)等中的至少一种。氟代碳酸酯化合物可以包括碳酸氟代亚乙酯(FEC)、碳酸1,2-二氟亚乙酯、碳酸1,1-二氟亚乙酯、碳酸1,1,2-三氟亚乙酯、碳酸1,1,2,2-四氟亚乙酯、碳酸1-氟-2-甲基亚乙酯、碳酸1-氟-1-甲基亚乙酯、碳酸1,2-二氟-1-甲基亚乙酯、碳酸1,1,2-三氟-2-甲基亚乙酯或碳酸三氟甲基亚乙酯等中的至少一种。羧酸酯化合物可以包括甲 酸甲酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸正丙酯、乙酸叔丁酯、丙酸甲酯、丙酸乙酯、丙酸丙酯、γ-丁内酯、癸内酯、戊内酯、甲瓦龙酸内酯或己内酯等中的至少一种。醚化合物可以包括二丁醚、四甘醇二甲醚、二甘醇二甲醚、1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、1,2-二乙氧基乙烷、乙氧基甲氧基乙烷、2-甲基四氢呋喃或四氢呋喃等中的至少一种。上述其它有机溶剂可以包括二甲亚砜、1,2-二氧戊环、环丁砜、甲基环丁砜、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑烷酮、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、甲酰胺、二甲基甲酰胺、乙腈、磷酸三甲酯、磷酸三乙酯、磷酸三辛酯或磷酸酯等中的至少一种。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，壳体包括铝塑膜、铝壳、钢壳、塑料壳中的至少一种，本申请对壳体没有特别限制，只要能实现本申请的目的即可。
下面结合具体实施方式，进一步阐述本申请。应理解，实施方式仅用于说明本申请而不用于限制本申请的范围。
实施例1第一极片的制备
制备阳极活性物质层浆料及绝缘涂层浆料。其中，将阳极活性物质人造石墨、粘结剂丁苯橡胶、增稠剂羧甲基纤维素按质量比96:3:1混合，搅拌均匀得到阳极活性物质层浆料；将无机颗粒氧化铝颗粒、粘结剂丁苯橡胶、增稠剂羧甲基纤维素按重量比85:10:5进行混合，搅拌均匀得到绝缘涂层浆料。
如图13所示，将活性物质层浆料连续涂布在厚度为5μm铜箔20的第二表面上。铜箔第二表面涂布后，如图14所示，将活性物质层浆料间隙涂布在铜箔20的第一表面上从而暴露出空白集流体101，将绝缘涂层浆料间歇涂布在空白集流体101上，经过冷压得到如图15所示的极片中间形态。其中，极片厚度为117.3μm，绝缘涂层140的厚度为35μm，其中压实密度为1.755g/cc。
然后模切极耳和分条，如图16所示，模切极耳后，沿卷绕方向从中间形态的极片的中部进行分条，形成A、B两个第一极片条，即A电芯第一极片条，B电芯第一极片条，其中A电芯第一极片条与B电芯第 一极片条相同，且均包括多个首尾连接的第一极片。因此，在对A电芯第一极片条和B电芯第一极片条进行裁切后，能够得到相同的A电芯第一极片和B电芯第一极片，因此，利用上述方法得到的第一极片做成A电芯和B电芯是相同的。
对比例1第一极片制备
将阳极活性物质人造石墨、粘结剂丁苯橡胶、增稠剂羧甲基纤维素按质量比96:3:1混合，搅拌均匀得到阳极活性物质层浆料。如图17所示，将活性物质层浆料间隙涂布在厚度为6μm铜箔的第一表面上和第二表面上，经过冷压，沿卷绕方向，形成具有单面区101和空箔区102的极片中间形态。
然后模切极耳和分条，如图18所示，模切极耳后，沿卷绕方向从中间形态的极片的中部进行分条，形成A、B两个第一极片条，即A电芯第一极片条，B电芯第一极片条，其中A电芯第一极片条与B电芯第一极片条在极片的卷绕起始端是相反的，具体地，图18中当极耳方向均为图中朝向下方时，A电芯第一极片条的卷绕起始端位于右侧，B电芯第一极片条的卷绕起始端位于左侧。因此，经过裁切得到的A电芯第一极片和B电芯第一极片的卷绕起始端是相反的，利用上述方法得到的第一极片做成A电芯和B电芯是不同的。
需要说明的是，对比例1的制备参数与实施方式1中的对应的制备参数相同。
请一并参阅表1，其为具有实施例1的卷绕电芯与具有对比例1的电化学装置的测试数据。通过表1可知，具有实施例1的卷绕电芯在第一极片卷绕后，其单面区具有褶皱的比例明显小于具有对比例1的卷绕电芯单面区具有褶皱的比例，实施例1能够明显改善第一极片卷绕起始端具有褶皱的现象。
组别 电芯数量/支 单面区褶皱数量/支 褶皱比例
对比例1 586 61 10.4％
实施例1 671 0 0
表1
此外，由上述制备过程可知，对比例1的A电芯第一极片与B电芯 第一极片的卷绕起始端不同，在制备卷绕电芯时，需将其进行分类，以从不同方向进行卷绕形成A电芯及B电芯。而实施例1的A电芯第一极片与B电芯第一极片相同，在制备卷绕电芯时，无需将其进行分类，可从相同方向进行卷绕，进而能够提升生产效率，降低生产成本。
以上仅为本申请的实施方式，并非因此限制本申请的专利范围，凡是利用本申请说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电化学装置，包括由第一极片、隔膜及第二极片卷绕形成的电芯，其特征在于，所述第一极片包括：
    集流体，包括朝向所述电芯内部的第一表面和背离所述电芯内部的第二表面；
    极耳，与所述集流体电连接并伸出所述集流体；
    活性物质层，设置于所述集流体的第一表面和第二表面；其中，所述第一极片的卷绕起始端设置为单面区，位于所述单面区的集流体的第一表面设置绝缘涂层，位于所述单面区的集流体的第二表面设置所述活性物质层。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，沿所述第一极片的卷绕方向，所述绝缘涂层与所述活性物质层相邻接或部分重叠。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述绝缘涂层厚度为1～100μm，所述活性物质层的厚度为25～150μm。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述绝缘涂层的厚度小于或等于所述活性物质层的厚度。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述绝缘涂层设置于所述单面区的部分第一表面，或，所述绝缘涂层设置于所述单面区的全部第一表面。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述绝缘涂层在所述单面区的第一表面上呈条纹状或岛状分布。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述绝缘涂层包括无机颗粒及粘合剂，所述无机颗粒包括氧化铝、氧化锌、氧化钙、氧化硅、氧化锆、氧化镁、氧化钛、二氧化铪、氧化锡、二氧化铈、氧化镍、氧化钇、碳化硅、氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、氢氧化钙、硫酸钡、勃姆石的至少一种，所述粘合剂包括偏氟乙烯的均聚物、偏氟乙烯的共聚物、六氟丙烯的共聚物、聚苯乙烯、聚苯乙炔、聚乙烯酸钠、聚乙烯酸钾、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯或聚四氟乙烯的至少一种。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一极片为阳极极片。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述集流体的厚度为4～10μm。
  10. 一种电子装置，其特征在于，包括权利要求1至9任一项所述的电化学装置，所述电化学装置用于对所述电子装置供电。
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