WO2023283854A1 - 电池及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023283854A1
WO2023283854A1 PCT/CN2021/106381 CN2021106381W WO2023283854A1 WO 2023283854 A1 WO2023283854 A1 WO 2023283854A1 CN 2021106381 W CN2021106381 W CN 2021106381W WO 2023283854 A1 WO2023283854 A1 WO 2023283854A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
along
constraining
battery module
battery cells
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/106381
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
唐彧
王鹏
吴夏逸
李振华
王湘
李星
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2021/106381 priority Critical patent/WO2023283854A1/zh
Priority to JP2022563082A priority patent/JP7490812B2/ja
Priority to CN202180068846.7A priority patent/CN116368672A/zh
Priority to KR1020227036054A priority patent/KR102836822B1/ko
Priority to EP21937190.3A priority patent/EP4145608A4/en
Publication of WO2023283854A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023283854A1/zh
Priority to US18/296,364 priority patent/US20230261306A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery and an electrical device.
  • batteries such as lithium-ion have the advantages of high energy density, high power density, many cycle times, and long storage time, they have been widely used in electric vehicles.
  • the purpose of this application is to improve the service reliability and life of the battery.
  • a battery comprising:
  • a box assembly including a box and fixed beams fixed in the box;
  • the battery module is arranged in the box, and the battery module includes a plurality of battery cells arranged along the first direction;
  • the constraining component is used to cover the battery module and be fixed to the fixing beam.
  • the constraining component is provided with a weak area configured to deform the constraining component when subjected to the expansion force of the battery cell.
  • the weakened area is provided at least in the adjacent area of the adjacent battery cells along the first direction.
  • the region of weakness comprises a groove extending in a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the weakened area is continuously arranged along the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the weakened area penetrates the constraining component along a third direction, the third direction is perpendicular to a plane formed by the first direction and the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the outer cover is arranged on the side of the constraining component away from the box body, and closes the opening end of the box body, and there is a predetermined gap between the inner surface of the outer cover and the outer surface of the constraining component.
  • an adhesive layer is provided between the constraining component and at least part of the battery cells, the adhesive layer overflows through the weak area, and forms a limiting protrusion on the surface of the constraining component away from the battery cells.
  • fixed beams are provided on both sides of the battery module along the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; wherein, the constraining components include:
  • a limiting portion configured to cover the battery module
  • the two mounting parts are respectively connected to both sides of the limiting part along the second direction, and the two mounting parts are respectively fixed to the fixing beams on both sides of the battery module.
  • the entire limiting portion protrudes toward a side away from the battery module relative to the mounting portion.
  • an electric device including the battery of the above embodiment, and the battery is used to provide electric energy for the electric device.
  • the binding force of the component to other battery cells can also reduce the degree of detachment of the bonding layer between the constraint component and the battery cells when an adhesive layer is provided. Therefore, on the basis of not affecting the overall structural strength of the constraining component, the binding force of the constraining component to the battery cell is guaranteed to prevent battery failure, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of some embodiments of the present application in which batteries are installed in vehicles.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of some embodiments of the battery of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of some embodiments of battery cells in the battery of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the internal structure of some embodiments of the battery of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of some embodiments of the battery of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the installation relationship between the constraining component and the battery module in some embodiments of the battery of the present application.
  • Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 are respectively a perspective view, a top view and a side view of some embodiments of constraining components in the battery of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the adhesive layer overflowing from the position of the weak area in the battery of the present application to form a limiting boss.
  • 200 battery; 211, shell; 212, electrode assembly; 213, connection part; 214, adapter; 215, end cover; 215A, end cover body; 215B, positive terminal; 215C, negative terminal; 215D, explosion-proof valve ;
  • each direction is defined below.
  • the first direction X is located in a plane perpendicular to the height direction of the battery 200.
  • the first direction X represents the length direction of the battery 200
  • the second direction Y is also located in a plane perpendicular to the height direction of the battery 200.
  • the second direction Y represents the width direction of the battery 200
  • the third direction Z is perpendicular to the plane formed by the first direction X and the second direction Y, for example, the third direction Z represents The height direction of the battery 200 .
  • the first direction X can also represent the width direction of the battery 200, and the second direction represents the length direction of the battery 200; or the first direction X represents any direction in a plane perpendicular to the height direction of the battery 200. .
  • the expansion surface of the battery cells is restricted by the bottom and top plates of the box. Compared with the battery with the battery cells placed vertically, the expansion surface of the battery cells is subject The binding force is small, and it is easy to expand.
  • the cell inside the battery cell expands to a certain extent (for example, 16%), the deformation degree of the top plate and the expansion surface of the battery cell is inconsistent, and the bonding surface between the battery cell and the top plate is degummed.
  • the binding effect of the top plate on the battery cell is weakened, which may cause the battery cell to shake in the box, or the structural parts of the battery are deformed or fail due to excessive stress.
  • the top plate will be forced to arch and deform as a whole, and at the same time, it will also affect the restraint effect of other battery cells, and the ability of the top plate to follow the deformation of the battery cells is poor.
  • the thickness of the top plate is reduced, although the ability of the top plate to follow the deformation of the battery cells can be improved and the degree of degumming can be reduced, it will affect the overall structural strength and it is difficult to meet the structural strength requirements of the battery.
  • this application in order to improve the reliability and service life of the battery, this application must not only ensure the overall structural strength of the battery, but also reduce the degree of deformation of the top plate that constrains the battery cells, so as to improve the degumming problem, thereby ensuring that the battery cells are constrained force.
  • the electric device may use a battery, and the battery is configured to provide electric energy to the electric device.
  • the electrical device can be a mobile phone, a portable device, a notebook computer, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, an electric toy, an electric tool, etc.
  • Toys include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • Electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools , such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers.
  • the electric device can be a vehicle 100, such as a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.; or a device that uses batteries can also be a drone or a ship Wait.
  • vehicle 100 includes a battery 200 for providing electrical energy for the operation of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle 100 also includes a vehicle axle 101, a wheel 102 connected to the vehicle axle 101, a motor 103 and a controller 104.
  • the motor 103 is used to drive the vehicle axle 101 to rotate
  • the controller 104 is used to control the operation of the motor 103
  • the battery 200 is used to power the motor. 103 and the operation of other components in the vehicle to provide electrical energy.
  • the battery 200 may include a box assembly 1 , a battery module 2 and an outer cover 4 .
  • the inside of the box assembly 1 is a hollow structure, and the battery module 2 is accommodated in the box assembly 1 .
  • the box assembly 1 is used to provide a receiving space for the battery module 2 .
  • the outer cover 4 and the case body assembly 1 are mutually covered to define an accommodating space for accommodating the battery module 2 .
  • the joint between the box body assembly 1 and the outer cover 4 can be sealed by a sealing member (not shown in the figure), and the sealing member can be a sealing ring, a sealant, and the like.
  • one or more battery cells 21 may be provided. If there are multiple battery cells 21 , the multiple battery cells 21 can be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel. The mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 21 are both in series and in parallel.
  • the battery cells 21 may be cylindrical, square or other shaped secondary batteries.
  • the battery cell 21 may include a case 211 , an electrode assembly 212 and an end cap 215 .
  • the casing 211 has an opening, the electrode assembly 212 is accommodated in the casing 211 , and the end cap 215 is used to close the opening of the casing 211 .
  • the end cap 215 includes an end cap body 215A, a positive terminal 215B, a negative terminal 215C and an explosion-proof valve 215D disposed on the end cap body 215A.
  • One or more electrode assemblies 212 can be stacked, and each electrode assembly 212 is formed with two connecting parts 213 , and the two connecting parts 213 are connected to the positive terminal 215B and the negative terminal 215C through the adapter 214 .
  • the electrode assembly 212 may include a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet (not shown in the figure) and a separator (not shown in the figure).
  • the electrode assembly 212 can be a coiled structure formed by winding the positive electrode sheet, separator and negative electrode sheet, or a stacked structure formed by stacking the positive electrode sheet, separator and negative electrode sheet.
  • the electrode assembly 212 also includes a positive pole tab and a negative pole tab, which can be a positive current collector that is not coated with a positive active material layer in the positive pole sheet as a positive pole tab, and can be a negative current collector that is not coated with a negative active material layer in the negative pole piece As a negative pole.
  • the present application provides a battery 200 , including: a case assembly 1 , a battery module 2 and a restraint component 3 .
  • the box body assembly 1 includes a box body 11 and a fixed beam 12 fixed in the box body 11; the battery module 2 is arranged in the box body 11, and the battery module 2 includes a plurality of battery cells 21 arranged along the first direction X
  • the constraining component 3 is used to cover the battery module 2 and be fixed with the fixed beam 12 , the constraining component 3 is provided with a weak zone 311 , and the weak zone 311 is configured to deform the constraining component 3 when subjected to the expansion force of the battery cell 21 .
  • the fixing beam 12 may be arranged along a first direction X, and the first direction X may be a length direction or a width direction of the battery 200 .
  • a plurality of fixed beams 12 may be arranged at intervals along the second direction Y, and the constraining component 3 is fixed by two adjacent fixed beams 12 .
  • the fixed beam 12 can adopt a solid fixed beam or a hollow fixed beam, and its cross section can be rectangular, trapezoidal or C-shaped, etc., and its upper surface can be set as a plane, so that the restraint component 3 is fixed on the upper surface of the fixed beam 12, or the restraint component 3 also can be fixed on the side of fixed beam 12.
  • a plurality of battery cells 21 may be provided in one or more layers, and each layer of battery cells 21 includes a row or multiple rows of battery cells 21 arranged side by side along the second direction Y, and each row of battery cells 21 includes A plurality of battery cells 21 arranged side by side along the first direction X.
  • the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the battery cell 21 are stacked along the third direction Z, and the battery cell 21 is easy to expand along the third direction Z.
  • the constraining component 3 is used to cover the battery module 2.
  • the "covering” mentioned here can be full coverage or partial coverage, that is, the constraining component 3 is allowed to be provided with structural features such as holes and grooves to expose the battery cells 21 , as long as it can provide restraining force for the expansion of each battery cell 21 in the battery module 2 along the third direction Z.
  • an adhesive layer 5 is provided between the constraining component 3 and the battery module 2 , for example, by glue or other adhesive materials.
  • the constraining component 3 is locally deformed more easily with the expanding battery cell 21, which can improve the conformability of the constraining component 3, and not only prevent the expansion of the battery cell 21
  • the binding force of the constraining component 3 on other battery cells 21 can also reduce the detachment of the bonding layer 5 between the constraining component 3 and the battery cells 21 when the adhesive layer 5 is provided. Therefore, this embodiment can ensure the binding force of the constraining component 3 on the battery cell 21 without affecting the overall structural strength of the constraining component 3 to prevent the failure of the battery 200 , thereby improving the reliability and life of the battery 200 .
  • the weakened area 311 is at least provided in the adjacent area of the adjacent battery cells 21 along the first direction X.
  • the weak area 311 is set at the side edge of the battery cell 21, which can ensure the binding force of the constraining member 3 on the battery cell 21 as much as possible, and can also separate the adjacent battery cells 21 along the first direction X. , which weakens the force transmission of the constraining component 3 between adjacent battery cells 21, improves the conformability of the constraining component 3, and prevents the expansion of adjacent battery cells 21 from interfering with each other; moreover, in the case of setting the adhesive layer 5 In this way, the degree of detachment of the adhesive layer 5 between the constraining component 3 and the battery cell 21 can be reduced to ensure the binding force of the constraining component 3 to the battery cell 21 , thereby improving the reliability and life of the battery 200 .
  • the weakened area 311 includes a groove extending along the second direction Y, which can be configured as a groove or a through groove, and the second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X.
  • the groove may be an elongated groove, which reduces the local strength on the basis of ensuring the overall strength of the constraining component 3 .
  • the size range of the groove extending along the second direction Y may be between 2 mm and 20 mm, and this size range is related to the size of the battery cell 21.
  • the size range of the groove is set to double The size of the battery cell 21 is within ⁇ 40mm.
  • the weakened area 311 in this embodiment is easy to set and can be formed by stamping or machining.
  • the coverage area of the expansion surface of the battery cells 21 by the constraining member 3 can be increased while preventing the expansion of the adjacent battery cells 21 from interfering with each other, so as to increase the Binding force on the battery cell 21 .
  • the weakened area 311 is continuously arranged along the second direction Y, and the second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X.
  • This embodiment can make the constraining component 3 deform more easily with the expanding battery cell 21 in the area where the weak area 311 is set, which can improve the conformability of the constraining component 3 and prevent the expansion of the battery cell 21 from affecting adjacent battery cells.
  • the binding force of the body 21 reduces the degree of detachment of the adhesive layer 5 between the binding part 3 and the battery cell 21, thereby improving the reliability and life of the battery 200.
  • the weakened area 311 is arranged in multiple sections at intervals along the second direction Y.
  • the weak region 311 penetrates the constraining component 3 along a third direction Z, the third direction Z is perpendicular to the plane formed by the first direction X and the second direction Y, and the second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X.
  • This embodiment helps to weaken the local strength of the constraining component 3 by setting the weak zone 311 that runs through the constraining component 3, so that the constraining component 3 is more likely to deform with the expanding battery cells 21, and the conformability of the constraining component 3 can be further improved. ability, prevent the expansion of battery cells 21 from affecting the binding force of adjacent battery cells 21, reduce the degree of detachment of the adhesive layer 5 between the constraining component 3 and the battery cells 21, thereby improving the reliability and life of the battery 200.
  • the weakened region 311 may also be a thinned portion, or the material strength of the weakened region 311 is smaller than that of other regions of the constraining component 3 except the weakened region 311 .
  • the battery 200 further includes: an outer cover 4, which is arranged on the side of the constraining component 3 away from the box body 11, and closes the open end of the box body 11, and the inner surface of the outer cover 4 and the outer surface of the constraining component 3 There is a preset gap L between the surface and the surface.
  • the deformation of the outer cover 4 can be reduced, and the sealing performance of the battery can be improved. Moreover, the deformation of the outer cover 4 is reduced by setting the restraint part 3.
  • the battery 200 When the battery 200 is used in a vehicle, it can still be disassembled and assembled at the original installation position smoothly after long-term use, which can reduce the maintenance difficulty of the battery 200 and prevent the The 200 deformation exerts external forces on the mounting structure on the vehicle.
  • an adhesive layer 5 is provided between the constraining component 3 and at least part of the battery cells 21, the weak zone 311 penetrates the constraining component 3 along the third direction Z, and the adhesive layer 5 passes through The weak area 311 overflows, and forms a limiting boss 51 on the surface of the constraining component 3 away from the battery cell 21 .
  • the battery module 2 includes multiple layers of battery cells 21, an adhesive layer 5 is provided between the constraining member 3 and the topmost battery cell 21, and an adhesive layer 5 is provided between adjacent layers of battery cells 21 or between the bottommost battery cells 21 and the box. An adhesive layer 5 may also be provided between the bodies 11 .
  • the constraining component 3 on the basis of improving the adaptability of the constraining component 3, it can cooperate with the coating process of the adhesive layer 5 to control the overflow of adhesives such as glue to the surface of the constraining component 3 away from the battery cell 21 to form a " "Rivet" structure, due to the limiting effect of the limiting boss 51, can reduce the amount of arching of the constraining part 3 between adjacent battery cells 21, thereby effectively reducing the detachment of the adhesive layer 5 and improving the structure of the battery 200. Strength, to ensure the reliability and safety of the battery 200 work.
  • the setting of the limiting boss 51 can improve the safety of the battery.
  • the problem of detachment of the adhesive layer 5 caused by the expansion of the monomer 21 improves the structural stability.
  • the position of the side edge of the battery cell 21 is the position with the smallest degree of expansion, where the overflow of the adhesive layer 5 will not occupy the expansion space of the battery cell 21, nor will it affect the expansion gap of the battery cell 21, so it will not Affects the energy density of the battery 200 .
  • the battery module 2 is provided with fixed beams 12 on both sides along the second direction Y, and the second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X; wherein, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9
  • the constraining component 3 includes: a limiting part 31 configured to cover the battery module 2; The fixing beams 12 on both sides of the battery module 2 are fixed.
  • the constraining component 3 can be formed by a sheet metal stamping forming process.
  • the two installation parts 32 are provided with a plurality of installation holes 321 at intervals along the extending direction of the fixed beam 12 , and a plurality of second installation holes are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the fixed beam 12 .
  • a plurality of fasteners 6 respectively pass through the corresponding installation holes 321 and the second installation holes, so as to install the constraining component 3 on the fixed beam 12 .
  • the fastener 6 may be a screw, a bolt, a rivet, or the like.
  • a positioning hole 322 may also be provided on the mounting portion 32, so as to be positioned by a pin before being fixed by the fastener 6.
  • the battery 200 of this embodiment fixes the constraining member 3 and the fixed beams 12 on both sides.
  • the battery module 2 expands, it can provide a stable and effective pressing force for each battery module 2, reducing the degree of expansion and deformation of the battery module 2. .
  • the limiting portion 31 as a whole protrudes toward a side away from the battery module 2 relative to the mounting portion 32 .
  • This embodiment can not only reduce the setting height of the fixed beam 12 and ensure the strength of the fixed beam 12, but also prevent the fastener 6 from protruding from the stopper 31 when the mounting part 32 and the fixed beam 12 are fixed by the fastener 6 On the top surface, the height of the battery 200 can be reduced. Furthermore, the overall rigidity of the constraining member 3 can be improved.
  • a specific embodiment of the battery 200 of the present application is given below with reference to FIG. 4 to FIG. 10 .
  • a plurality of fixed beams 12 are arranged in the box body 1 along the second direction Y, and the battery modules 2 are arranged between adjacent fixed beams 12 , and the constraining components 3 are used to cover the battery modules 2 and be fixed to the fixed beams 12 on both sides.
  • the battery module 2 includes at least two rows of battery cells 21 arranged side by side along the second direction Y, each row of battery cells 21 includes at least two layers of battery cells 21 , and each layer of battery cells 21 includes X is a plurality of battery cells 21 arranged side by side.
  • the battery cells 21 in at least two rows of battery cells 21 are aligned along the first direction X.
  • Each battery cell 21 is placed flat in the box body 11, the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the electrode assembly 212 are stacked along the third direction Z, the electrode assembly 212 mainly expands along the third direction Z, and the largest side surface of the battery cell 21 is in contact with the third direction Z.
  • the third direction Z is set vertically.
  • the constraining member 3 is provided with a plurality of weak regions 311 extending along the second direction Y at intervals along the first direction X.
  • the third direction Z runs through the groove of the constraining component 3 , and the groove can extend in a straight line and pass through at least two rows of battery cells 21 .
  • An adhesive layer 5 is provided between the constraining component 3 and the top battery cell 21 , the adhesive layer 5 overflows through the weak area 311 , and forms a limiting boss 51 on the surface of the constraining component 3 away from the battery cell 21 .
  • the weakened area 311 can also be set to extend along the first direction X, for example, it can be set in the area between two adjacent rows of battery cells 21 to prevent the two rows of battery cells 21 from interfering with each other when they expand.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种电池及用电装置，其中，电池(200)包括：箱体组件(1)，包括箱体(11)和固定在箱体(11)中的固定梁(12)；电池模块(2)，设在箱体(11)内，电池模块(2)包括沿第一方向(X)排列的多个电池单体(21)；约束部件(3)，用于覆盖电池模块(2)且与固定梁(12)固定，约束部件(3)上设有薄弱区(311)，薄弱区(311)被配置为使约束部件(3)在受到电池单体(21)的膨胀力时发生变形。

Description

电池及用电装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种电池及用电装置。
背景技术
随着由于锂离子等电池具有能量密度高、功率密度高、循环使用次数多、存储时间长等优点，在电动汽车上面已普遍应用。
但是，延长电动汽车的电池使用的可靠性和寿命，一直是业内的一个难题。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提高电池的使用可靠性和寿命。
根据本申请的第一方面，提供了一种电池，包括：
箱体组件，包括箱体和固定在箱体中的固定梁；
电池模块，设在箱体内，电池模块包括沿第一方向排列的多个电池单体；
约束部件，用于覆盖电池模块且与固定梁固定，约束部件上设有薄弱区，薄弱区被配置为使约束部件在受到电池单体的膨胀力时发生变形。
在一些实施例中，薄弱区至少设在沿第一方向相邻电池单体的邻接区域。
在一些实施例中，薄弱区包括沿第二方向延伸的槽，第二方向垂直于第一方向。
在一些实施例中，薄弱区沿第二方向连续设置，第二方向垂直于第一方向。
在一些实施例中，薄弱区沿第三方向贯通约束部件，第三方向垂直于第一方向和第二方向形成的平面，第二方向垂直于第一方向。
在一些实施例中，还包括：
外盖，设在约束部件远离箱体的一侧，且将箱体的开口端封闭，外盖的内表面与约束部件的外表面与之间具有预设间隙。
在一些实施例中，约束部件与至少部分的电池单体之间设有粘接层，粘接层通过薄弱区溢出，并在约束部件远离电池单体的表面上形成限位凸台。
在一些实施例中，电池模块沿第二方向的两侧均设有固定梁，第二方向垂直于第一方向；其中，约束部件包括：
限位部，被配置为覆盖电池模块；和
两个安装部，分别连接在限位部沿第二方向的两侧，两个安装部分别与电池模块两侧的固定梁固定。
在一些实施例中，限位部整体相对于安装部朝向远离电池模块的一侧凸出。
根据本申请的第二方面，提供了一种用电装置，包括上述实施例的电池，电池用于为用电装置提供电能。
本申请实施例的电池，通过在约束部件上设置薄弱区，使约束部件局部更容易随着膨胀的电池单体变形，可提高约束部件的随型能力，不仅能防止电池单体的膨胀影响约束部件对其它电池单体的约束力，在设置粘接层的情况下，还可减少约束部件与电池单体之间粘接层脱离的程度。由此，在不影响约束部件整体结构强度的基础上，保证约束部件对电池单体的束缚力以防止电池失效，从而提高电池工作的可靠性和寿命。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动 的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请将电池安装于车辆的一些实施例的结构示意图。
图2为本申请电池的一些实施例的结构示意图。
图3为本申请电池中电池单体的一些实施例的分解图。
图4为本申请电池的一些实施例的内部结构分解图。
图5为本申请电池的一些实施例的内部结构示意图。
图6为本申请电池的一些实施例中约束部件与电池模块的安装关系示意图。
图7、图8和图9分别为本申请电池中约束部件的一些实施例的立体图、俯视图和侧视图。
图10为本申请电池中粘接层从薄弱区所在位置溢出形成限位凸台的结构示意图。
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
标记说明：
100、车辆；101、车桥；102、车轮；103、马达；104、控制器；
200、电池；211、壳体；212、电极组件；213、连接部；214、转接件；215、端盖；215A、端盖本体；215B、正极端子；215C、负极端子；215D、防爆阀；
1、箱体组件；11、箱体；12、固定梁；
2、电池模块；21、电池单体；
3、约束部件；31、限位部；311、薄弱区；32、安装部；321、安装孔；322、定位孔；
4、外盖；
5、粘接层；51、限位凸台；
6、紧固件。
X、第一方向；Y、第二方向；Z、第三方向。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
为了在以下实施例中清楚地描述各个方位，下面对各个方向进行定义。以图4的坐标系为例，第一方向X位于垂直于电池200高度方向的平面内，例如，第一方向X表示电池200的长度方向；第二方向Y也位于垂直于电池200高度方向的平面内，且垂直于第一方向X，例如，第二方向Y表示电池200的宽度方向；第三方向Z垂直于第一方向X和第二方向Y形成的平面，例如，第三方向Z表示电池200的高度方向。
在图4以外的实施例中，第一方向X也可表示电池200的宽度方向，第二方向表示电池200的长度方向；或者第一方向X表示位于垂直于电池200高度方向平面内的任意方向。
基于此种方位定义，采用了“上”、“下”、“顶”、“底”、“前”、“后”、“内”和“外”等指示的方位或位置关系的描述，这仅是为了便于描述本申请，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请保护范围的限制。
作为本申请发明创造过程的一部分，发明人经过无数次试验和验证，发现造成电池可靠性和寿命较低的原因可能在于：
对于多个电池单体在箱体内平放的电池，依靠箱体的底板和顶板对电池单体的膨胀面进行约束，与电池单体立放的电池相比，电池单体的膨胀面受到的束缚力小，易于发生膨胀，当电池单体内部的电芯膨胀到一定程度(例如16％)，顶板与电池单体膨胀面的变形程度不一致，电池单体与顶板之间的粘接面脱胶严重，顶板对电池单体的束缚作用减弱，可能造成电池单体在箱体内晃动，或电池的结构件受到应力过大而变形或失效。
而且，如果部分电池单体膨胀程度较大，会迫使顶板整体拱起变形，同时也会影响到其它电池单体的约束效果，顶板跟随电池单体变形的能力较差。
如果减薄顶板的厚度，虽然能够提高顶板跟随电池单体变形的能力，减少脱胶程度，但是会影响整体结构强度，难以满足电池的结构强度需求。
因此，本申请为了提高电池的使用可靠性和寿命，既要保证电池的整体结构强度，又要降低对电池单体约束的顶板的变形程度，以改善脱胶问题，从而保证电池单体受到的约束力。
用电装置可以采用电池，电池被配置为对用电装置提供电能。该用电装置可以是手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等，例如，航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等，电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器 和电刨。
如图1所示，用电装置可以是车辆100，例如新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；或者使用电池的装置也可以是无人机或轮船等。车辆100包括电池200，电池200用于为车辆的工作提供电能。
车辆100还包括车桥101、连接于车桥101的车轮102、马达103和控制器104，马达103用于驱动车桥101转动，控制器104用于控制马达103工作，电池200用于为马达103以及车辆中其它部件的工作提供电能。
如图2所示，电池200可以包括箱体组件1、电池模块2和外盖4，箱体组件1内部为中空结构，电池模块2容纳于箱体组件1内。箱体组件1用于为电池模块2提供容纳空间。在一些实施例中，外盖4与箱体组件1相互盖合，以限定出用于容纳电池模块2的容纳空间。当然，箱体组件1与外盖4的连接处可通过密封件(图未示出)来实现密封，密封件可以是密封圈、密封胶等。
在电池模块2中，可以设置一个或多个电池单体21。若电池单体21为多个，多个电池单体21之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体21中既有串联又有并联。电池单体21可以为圆柱形、方形或其它形状的二次电池。
如图3所示，电池单体21可以包括壳体211、电极组件212和端盖215。壳体211具有开口，电极组件212容纳于壳体211内，端盖215用于将壳体211的开口封闭。端盖215包括端盖本体215A和设在端盖本体215A上的正极端子215B、负极端子215C和防爆阀215D。电极组件212可以叠加设置一个或多个，每个电极组件212上均形成两个连接部213，两个连接部213均通过转接件214与正极端子215B和负极端子215C连接。
其中，电极组件212可以包括正极片、负极片(图未示出)和隔离膜(图未示出)。电极组件212可以是由正极片、隔离膜和负极片通过卷绕形成的卷绕式结构，也可以是由正极片、隔离膜和负极片通过层叠布置形成的 层叠式结构。电极组件212还包括正极极耳和负极极耳，可以是正极片中未涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳，可以是负极片中未涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极极耳。
在一些实施例中，如图4所示，本申请提供了一种电池200，包括：箱体组件1、电池模块2和约束部件3。其中，箱体组件1包括箱体11和固定在箱体11中的固定梁12；电池模块2，设在箱体11内，电池模块2包括沿第一方向X排列的多个电池单体21；约束部件3，用于覆盖电池模块2且与固定梁12固定，约束部件3上设有薄弱区311，薄弱区311被配置为使约束部件3在受到电池单体21的膨胀力时发生变形。
例如，固定梁12可沿第一方向X设置，第一方向X可以为电池200的长度方向或宽度方向等。固定梁12沿第二方向Y可间隔设置多个，约束部件3通过相邻两个固定梁12固定。固定梁12可采用实心固定梁或空心固定梁，其截面可以为矩形、梯形或C形等，其上表面可设置为平面，以便将约束部件3固定在固定梁12的上表面，或者约束部件3也可固定于固定梁12的侧面。
例如，多个电池单体21可设置一层或多层，每层电池单体21均包括一列或沿第二方向Y并排设置的多列电池单体21，每列电池单体21中均包括沿第一方向X并排设置的多个电池单体21。其中，电池单体21中的正极片和负极片沿第三方向Z叠加设置，电池单体21容易沿第三方向Z发生膨胀。
约束部件3用于覆盖电池模块2，此处提到的“覆盖”可以是完全覆盖，也可以是部分覆盖，即允许约束部件3上设有孔、槽等使电池单体21露出的结构特征，只要能够为电池模块2中各电池单体21沿第三方向Z的膨胀提供约束力均可。为了提高约束效果，约束部件3与电池模块2之间设有粘接层5，例如通过胶或其它具有粘性的材料粘接。
本申请的该实施例通过设置约束部件3与固定梁12固定，当电池单体21发生膨胀时，可对电池单体21提供稳定有效的压紧力，降低电池单体 21的膨胀变形程度。
而且，通过在约束部件3上设置薄弱区311，使约束部件3局部更容易随着膨胀的电池单体21变形，可提高约束部件3的随型能力，不仅能防止电池单体21的膨胀影响约束部件3对其它电池单体21的约束力，在设置粘接层5的情况下，还可减少约束部件3与电池单体21之间粘接层5脱离的程度。由此，该实施例能够在不影响约束部件3整体结构强度的基础上，保证约束部件3对电池单体21的束缚力以防止电池200失效，从而提高电池200工作的可靠性和寿命。
在一些实施例中，如图4所示，薄弱区311至少设在沿第一方向X相邻电池单体21的邻接区域。
该实施例将薄弱区311设在电池单体21的侧边缘处，可尽量保证约束部件3对电池单体21的束缚力，还能将沿第一方向X相邻的电池单体21隔开，削弱了约束部件3在相邻电池单体21之间传递作用力，提高约束部件3的随型能力，防止相邻电池单体21的膨胀相互干扰；而且，在设置粘接层5的情况下，还可减少约束部件3与电池单体21之间粘接层5脱离的程度，保证约束部件3对电池单体21的束缚力，从而提高电池200工作的可靠性和寿命。
在一些实施例中，如图5所示，薄弱区311包括沿第二方向Y延伸的槽，槽可以设置为凹槽或通槽，第二方向Y垂直于第一方向X。例如，槽可以为细长槽，在保证约束部件3整体强度的基础上减小局部强度。
例如，槽沿第二方向Y延伸的尺寸范围可以为2mm～20mm之间，该尺寸范围与电池单体21的尺寸相关，一般地，在第二方向Y上，槽的尺寸范围设置为两倍电池单体21的尺寸±40mm之间。
该实施例的薄弱区311易于设置，可通过冲压或机加工的方式形成。对于将槽设在相邻电池单体21邻接区域的结构，能够在防止相邻电池单体21的膨胀相互干扰的情况下，提高约束部件3对电池单体21膨胀面的覆盖面积，以增加对电池单体21的约束力。
在一些实施例中，如图5和图6所示，薄弱区311沿第二方向Y连续设置，第二方向Y垂直于第一方向X。
该实施例能够使约束部件3在设置薄弱区311的区域更容易随着膨胀的电池单体21发生变形，可提高约束部件3的随型能力，防止电池单体21的膨胀影响相邻电池单体21的约束力，减少约束部件3与电池单体21之间粘接层5脱离的程度，从而提高电池200工作的可靠性和寿命。可选地，薄弱区311沿第二方向Y间隔设置多段。
在一些实施例中，薄弱区311沿第三方向Z贯通约束部件3，第三方向Z垂直于第一方向X和第二方向Y形成的平面，第二方向Y垂直于第一方向X。
该实施例通过设置贯通约束部件3的薄弱区311，有利于削弱约束部件3的局部强度，使约束部件3更容易随着膨胀的电池单体21发生变形，可进一步提高约束部件3的随型能力，防止电池单体21的膨胀影响相邻电池单体21的约束力，减少约束部件3与电池单体21之间粘接层5脱离的程度，从而提高电池200工作的可靠性和寿命。可选地，薄弱区311还可以是厚度减薄部，或者薄弱区311的材料强度小于约束部件3除薄弱区311以外其它区域的材料强度。
在一些实施例中，电池200还包括：外盖4，设在约束部件3远离箱体11的一侧，且将箱体11的开口端封闭，外盖4的内表面与约束部件3的外表面与之间具有预设间隙L。
该实施例由于设置了约束部件3，可以降低外盖4的变形，可提高电池的密封性。而且，通过设置约束部件3降低外盖4变形，当电池200用于车辆时，在长期使用后仍能够顺利地在原安装位进行拆装，可降低电池200的维修难度，而且也可防止由于电池200变形对车辆上的安装结构件施加外力。
在一些实施例中，如图10所示，约束部件3与至少部分的电池单体21之间设有粘接层5，薄弱区311沿第三方向Z贯通约束部件3，粘接层5 通过薄弱区311溢出，并在约束部件3远离电池单体21的表面上形成限位凸台51。例如，电池模块2包括多层电池单体21，约束部件3与最顶层的电池单体21之间设有粘接层5，相邻层电池单体21之间或最底层电池单体21与箱体11之间也可设有粘接层5。
该实施例能够在提高约束部件3的随型能力的基础上，配合粘接层5涂覆的工艺控制例如胶等粘接剂溢出至约束部件3远离电池单体21的表面上，以形成“铆钉”结构，由于受到限位凸台51的限位作用，可减少约束部件3在相邻电池单体21之间位置的拱起量，从而有效减少粘接层5脱离，提高电池200的结构强度，保证电池200工作的可靠性和安全性。
对于薄弱区311设在沿第一方向X相邻电池单体21邻接区域的实施例，由于两个电池单体21相邻区域为最易开胶位置，通过设置限位凸台51可改善由于电池单体21膨胀引起的粘接层5脱离的问题，提高结构稳定性。而且，电池单体21侧边缘位置为膨胀程度最小的位置，在此处形成使粘接层5溢出不会占用电池单体21的膨胀空间，也不影响电池单体21的膨胀间隙，因此不影响电池200的能量密度。
而且，外盖4的内表面与约束部件3的外表面与之间具有预设间隙L，不仅留出了形成限位凸台51的空间，也为电池单体21的适当膨胀留出了空间。
在一些实施例中，如图4所示，电池模块2沿第二方向Y的两侧均设有固定梁12，第二方向Y垂直于第一方向X；其中，如图7至图9所示，约束部件3包括：限位部31，被配置为覆盖电池模块2；和两个安装部32，分别连接在限位部31沿第二方向Y的两侧，两个安装部32分别与电池模块2两侧的固定梁12固定。例如，约束部件3可采用钣金冲压成型工艺成型。
两个安装部32均沿固定梁12的延伸方向间隔设有多个安装孔321，固定梁12上沿着自身延伸方向间隔设有多个第二安装孔。多个紧固件6分别穿过对应的安装孔321和第二安装孔，以将约束部件3安装于固定梁12。例如，紧固件6可以是螺钉、螺栓或铆钉等。为了提高约束部件3的定位精 度，安装部32上还可设置定位孔322，以在通过紧固件6固定之前通过销钉定位。
该实施例的电池200，将约束部件3与两侧的固定梁12固定，当电池模块2发生膨胀时，可对各电池模块2提供稳定有效的压紧力，降低电池模块2的膨胀变形程度。
如图7至图9所示，限位部31整体相对于安装部32朝向远离电池模块2的一侧凸出。
该实施例不仅能够降低固定梁12的设置高度，保证固定梁12的强度，而且在采用紧固件6将安装部32和固定梁12固定时，可避免紧固件6凸出限位部31顶面，可减小电池200的高度。而且，能够提高约束部件3的整体刚度。
下面结合图4至图10，给出本申请电池200的一个具体实施例。
箱体1内沿第二方向Y设有多根固定梁12，电池模块2设在相邻固定梁12之间，约束部件3用于覆盖电池模块2且与两侧的固定梁12固定。电池模块2包括沿第二方向Y并排设置的至少两列电池单体21，每列电池单体21中均包括至少两层电池单体21，且每层电池单体21均包括沿第一方向X并排设置的多个电池单体21。至少两列电池单体21中的电池单体21沿第一方向X对正。各电池单体21在箱体11内平放，电极组件212中的正极片和负极片沿第三方向Z叠加设置，电极组件212主要沿第三方向Z膨胀，电池单体21的最大侧面与第三方向Z垂直设置。
其中，约束部件3沿第一方向X间隔设置多个沿第二方向Y延伸的薄弱区311，薄弱区311设在沿第一方向X相邻电池单体21的位置，且薄弱区311为沿第三方向Z贯通约束部件3的槽，槽可沿直线延伸且通过至少两列电池单体21。约束部件3与顶层电池单体21之间设有粘接层5，粘接层5通过薄弱区311溢出，并在约束部件3远离电池单体21的表面上形成限位凸台51。可选地，薄弱区311也可设置为沿第一方向X延伸，例如，可设在相邻两列电池单体21之间的区域，以防止两列电池单体21在膨胀时相互干扰。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池(200)，包括：
    箱体组件(1)，包括箱体(11)和固定在所述箱体(11)中的固定梁(12)；
    电池模块(2)，设在所述箱体(11)内，所述电池模块(2)包括沿第一方向(X)排列的多个电池单体(21)；
    约束部件(3)，用于覆盖所述电池模块(2)且与所述固定梁(12)固定，所述约束部件(3)上设有薄弱区(311)，所述薄弱区(311)被配置为使所述约束部件(3)在受到所述电池单体(21)的膨胀力时发生变形。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池(200)，其中，所述薄弱区(311)至少设在沿所述第一方向(X)相邻所述电池单体(21)的邻接区域。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池(200)，其中，所述薄弱区(311)包括沿第二方向(Y)延伸的槽，所述第二方向(Y)垂直于所述第一方向(X)。
  4. 根据权利要求1～3任一项所述的电池(200)，其中，所述薄弱区(311)沿第二方向(Y)连续设置，所述第二方向(Y)垂直于所述第一方向(X)。
  5. 根据权利要求1～4任一项所述的电池(200)，其中，所述薄弱区(311)沿第三方向(Z)贯通所述约束部件(3)，所述第三方向(Z)垂直于所述第一方向(X)和第二方向(Y)形成的平面，所述第二方向(Y)垂直于所述第一方向(X)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池(200)，还包括：
    外盖(4)，设在所述约束部件(3)远离所述箱体(11)的一侧，且将所述箱体(11)的开口端封闭，所述外盖(4)的内表面与所述约束部件(3)的外表面与之间具有预设间隙(L)。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的电池(200)，其中，所述约束部件(3) 与至少部分的所述电池单体(21)之间设有粘接层(5)，所述粘接层(5)通过所述薄弱区(311)溢出，并在所述约束部件(3)远离所述电池单体(21)的表面上形成限位凸台(51)。
  8. 根据权利要求1～7任一项所述的电池(200)，其中，所述电池模块(2)沿第二方向(Y)的两侧均设有所述固定梁(12)，所述第二方向(Y)垂直于所述第一方向(X)；其中，所述约束部件(3)包括：
    限位部(31)，被配置为覆盖所述电池模块(2)；和
    两个安装部(32)，分别连接在所述限位部(31)沿所述第二方向(Y)的两侧，所述两个安装部(32)分别与所述电池模块(2)两侧的所述固定梁(12)固定。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池(200)，其中，所述限位部(31)整体相对于所述安装部(32)朝向远离所述电池模块(2)的一侧凸出。
  10. 一种用电装置，包括权利要求1～9任一项所述的电池(200)，所述电池(200)用于为所述用电装置提供电能。
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