WO2023284577A1 - 检测数据流的方法及装置 - Google Patents

检测数据流的方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023284577A1
WO2023284577A1 PCT/CN2022/103632 CN2022103632W WO2023284577A1 WO 2023284577 A1 WO2023284577 A1 WO 2023284577A1 CN 2022103632 W CN2022103632 W CN 2022103632W WO 2023284577 A1 WO2023284577 A1 WO 2023284577A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
detection
message
indication information
terminal device
network element
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2022/103632
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱浩仁
诸华林
徐艺珊
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP22841215.1A priority Critical patent/EP4362537A4/en
Priority to KR1020247004815A priority patent/KR20240034797A/ko
Priority to JP2024502003A priority patent/JP2024526347A/ja
Publication of WO2023284577A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023284577A1/zh
Priority to US18/413,116 priority patent/US20240154885A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/02—Capturing of monitoring data
    • H04L43/026—Capturing of monitoring data using flow identification
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H04L41/0681—Configuration of triggering conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/06—Generation of reports
    • H04L43/062—Generation of reports related to network traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the communication field, and, more specifically, to a method and device for detecting data flow.
  • the current cellular network defines detection technology for quality of service (QoS) flows, but the current detection technology cannot achieve autonomous detection of user plane nodes.
  • QoS quality of service
  • end-to-end user plane transmission positioning in the current detection technology is time-consuming and not accurate enough. How to realize autonomous detection of user plane nodes has become an urgent problem to be solved.
  • the present application provides a method and device for detecting data flow, which can quickly locate user plane transmission.
  • a method for detecting a data flow including: a user plane functional network element (or a chip in a user plane functional network element) receives first indication information from a session management network element, the first indication information It is used to instruct the user plane functional network element to perform follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device; perform follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device according to the first indication information.
  • the user plane functional network element performs follow-up detection based on the first indication information, which can quickly locate the user plane transmission, and can also improve the accuracy of data plane information acquisition .
  • Flow detection can include one or more of the following: identify abnormalities based on real-time business traffic, detect based on real user traffic, realize packet-by-packet detection, and obtain more comprehensive data plane information. In this way, the comprehensiveness, timeliness, and accuracy of data surface information acquisition can be improved.
  • the user plane functional network element may be the first node of the downlink, the tail node of the uplink, or an intermediate node.
  • the user plane functional network element is a downlink head node.
  • the method further includes: the user plane functional network element receiving information of a first detection action, the first detection action being used for data flow (including uplink data flow and downlink data flow); receiving the data The first data packet of the stream (the first data packet may be the first uplink data packet or the first downlink data packet); the method of performing the first detection action on the first data packet The detection action indicated by the message.
  • the user plane functional network element receiving information of a first detection action, the first detection action being used for data flow (including uplink data flow and downlink data flow); receiving the data The first data packet of the stream (the first data packet may be the first uplink data packet or the first downlink data packet); the method of performing the first detection action on the first data packet The detection action indicated by the message.
  • the first data packet is a first downlink data packet
  • the method further includes: the user plane functional network element generates a first detection rule according to the information of the first detection action;
  • the hop node sends a second downlink data message, the second downlink data message includes the first detection rule, and the first detection rule instructs the next hop node to follow the second downlink data message Actions for flow detection.
  • the first detection rule is used to notify the processing action, and the processing action is one or more of the following: coloring, measuring delay, measuring packet loss rate, measuring disorder, measuring jitter, obtaining timestamp, obtaining queue depth, Get the CPU load, get the queuing delay, get the buffer occupation, get the forwarding path, get the receiving or sending port, report the obtained information, etc.
  • next hop node may be a router, a switch, an access network device, or other user plane functional network element or other transmission node, which is not limited.
  • the user plane functional network element is the first downlink node
  • the second downlink data packet carries second indication information, and the second indication information is used to instruct the next-hop node to perform follow-up detection on the second downlink data packet.
  • the method further includes: the user plane functional network element receiving first information from the session management network element, where the first information is used to indicate that the user plane functional network element is a downlink head node . Therefore, the user plane functional network element can learn that it is a downlink head node through the first information.
  • the second downlink data packet is an IPv6 packet or an IPv4 packet, an SRV6 packet, an Ethernet packet or a GTPU protocol packet.
  • the IPv4 message is an enhanced IPv4 protocol, and the IPv4 message header can be expanded, and IPv4-en is used here to represent (IPv4 enhanced).
  • the user plane functional network element is an uplink tail node.
  • the first data message is a first uplink data message; the user plane functional network element performs follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device, including: the first uplink data message carries third indication information , the third indication information is used to instruct the user plane functional network element to perform follow-up detection; the user plane functional network element performs follow-up detection according to the third indication information; the user plane functional network element downward
  • the one-hop node sends a second uplink data message, and the second uplink data message does not include the third indication information. Therefore, when the user plane functional network element is an uplink tail node, the user plane functional network element needs to strip the third indication information, that is, it does not need to send the third indication information to the next-hop node.
  • the method further includes: the user plane functional network element receiving second information from the session management network element, where the second information is used to indicate that the user plane functional network element is an uplink tail node . Therefore, the user plane function network element can know whether it is an uplink tail node through the instruction of the session management network element.
  • the first uplink data packet is an IPv6 packet, an IPv4 packet, an SRV6 packet, an Ethernet packet or a GTPU protocol packet.
  • IPv4 message refer to the above, and will not repeat it here.
  • the second uplink data packet is an IPv6 packet, an IPv4 packet, an SRV6 packet, an Ethernet packet or a GTPU protocol packet.
  • the user plane functional network element is an intermediate node, the first data packet carries fourth indication information, and the fourth indication information is used to instruct the user plane functional network element to A data packet is subjected to follow-up detection.
  • the user plane functional network element performing follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device includes: performing follow-up detection on the first data packet by the user plane functional network element according to the fourth indication information;
  • the next hop node sends a second data packet, the second data packet carries fifth indication information, and the fifth indication information is used to instruct the next hop node to follow the flow of the second data packet detection.
  • the user plane functional network element does not need to strip the fifth indication information (or detection field) in the data packet.
  • the intermediate node can be understood as a node other than the end node and the start node among the nodes supporting the follow-up detection technology (such as IFIT/IOAM protocol).
  • a method for detecting a data flow including: a terminal device (or a chip in the terminal device) receives fifth indication information from a session management network element, and the fifth indication information is used to indicate that the terminal The device performs follow-up detection on the data stream of the terminal device; and performs follow-up detection on the data stream of the terminal device according to the fifth indication information.
  • the terminal device can perform follow-up detection based on the indication, and can quickly locate user plane transmission.
  • the method further includes: the terminal device receiving information of a second detection action, the second detection action being used for data flow (including uplink data flow and downlink data flow);
  • the data flow of the terminal device is detected with the flow, including: the terminal device detects the third data packet of the data flow (it is not limited here whether the third data packet is downlink or uplink, the third data packet can be the third
  • the uplink data message which may also be the third downlink data message, executes the detection action indicated by the information of the second detection action.
  • the terminal device is an uplink head node.
  • the third data packet is a third uplink data packet
  • the method further includes: the terminal device generates a second detection rule according to the information of the second detection action; and sends a fourth uplink data packet to the access network device
  • the fourth uplink data packet includes a second detection rule, and the second detection rule instructs the access network device to perform follow-up detection on the fourth uplink data packet. That is to say, when the terminal device is the first uplink node, in addition to performing follow-up detection by itself, an indication may also be added in the uplink data message so as to instruct the access network device to perform follow-up detection.
  • the second detection rule is used to notify the processing action, and the processing action is one or more of the following: coloring, measuring delay, measuring packet loss rate, measuring disorder, measuring jitter, obtaining timestamp, obtaining queue depth, Get the CPU load, get the queuing delay, get the buffer occupation, get the forwarding path, get the receiving or sending port, report the obtained information, etc. It should be understood that the content contained in the processing actions is only described as an example, and the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the fourth uplink data packet carries sixth indication information
  • the sixth indication information is used to instruct the access network device to perform follow-up detection on the fourth uplink data packet.
  • the method further includes: the terminal device receiving third information from the session management network element, where the third information is used to indicate that the terminal device is an uplink head node. Therefore, the terminal device can know whether it is the uplink head node through the indication of the session management network element.
  • the fourth uplink data packet is an access network protocol packet, such as an SDAP packet.
  • the terminal device is a downlink tail node.
  • the third data packet is a third downlink data packet; the third downlink data packet includes seventh indication information, and the seventh indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform the third downlink data packet performing follow-up detection on the packet; and performing follow-up detection on the third downlink data packet according to the seventh indication information.
  • the method further includes: the terminal device receiving fourth information from the session management network element, where the fourth information is used to indicate that the terminal device is a downlink tail node. Therefore, the terminal device can learn that it is a downlink tail node through the fourth information sent by the session management network element.
  • the third downlink data packet is an access network protocol packet, such as an SDAP packet.
  • the terminal device is an intermediate node, for example, the terminal device is a 5G UE/CPE.
  • the third data packet carries ninth indication information, and the ninth indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform follow-up detection on the third data packet; the terminal device according to the ninth indication information performing follow-up detection on the third data packet; the terminal device sends a fourth data packet to the next hop node, the fourth data packet carries tenth indication information, and the tenth indication information is used for Instructing the next-hop node to perform follow-up detection on the fourth data packet. That is to say, when the terminal device is an intermediate node, in addition to performing follow-up detection by itself, an indication may also be added in the data message so as to instruct the next-hop node to perform follow-up detection.
  • a method for detecting a data flow including: an access network device (or a chip in the access network device) receives eighth indication information from a session management network element, and the eighth indication information is used for Instructing the access network device to perform follow-up detection on the data stream of the terminal device; and performing follow-up detection on the data stream of the terminal device according to the eighth instruction information.
  • the access network device can perform follow-up detection based on the indication, and can quickly locate user plane transmission.
  • the session management network element activates the follow-up detection function of the access network device through the eighth indication information.
  • the access network device performs follow-up detection on the data stream of the terminal device according to the eighth indication information, including: the access network device receiving A fourth uplink data packet from a terminal device, the fourth uplink data packet includes a second detection rule, and the second detection rule instructs the access network device to follow the flow of the fourth uplink data packet
  • An action of detecting the access network device performs follow-up detection according to the second detection rule, and obtains an execution result.
  • the method further includes: the access network device generating third indication information, where the third indication information is used to instruct a user plane functional network element to perform follow-up detection; the access network device sending the The user plane functional network element sends a first uplink data packet, where the first uplink data packet carries the third indication information. Therefore, the access network device can perform follow-the-flow detection based on the second detection rule, and when sending an uplink data packet to the access network device, add third indication information to the uplink data packet to indicate that the user plane functional network element Perform follow-up detection.
  • the generation of the third indication information by the access network device may be based on the execution result, or may not depend on the execution result, which is not limited in this application.
  • the first uplink data packet is an IPv6 packet, an IPv4 packet, an SRV6 packet, an Ethernet packet or a GTPU protocol packet.
  • the fourth uplink data packet is an access network protocol packet.
  • the access network device may be an intermediate node or an uplink head node in uplink transmission, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the access network device may be an uplink head node.
  • the method further includes: an access network device receiving information about the third detection action, the third detection action being used for a data flow; the access network device receiving a fifth data packet; the The access network device performs the detection action indicated by the information of the third detection action on the fifth data packet of the data flow. That is to say, the access network device may also serve as an uplink first node to perform follow-up detection.
  • the fifth data packet is a fifth uplink data packet
  • the method further includes: the access network device generates a third detection rule according to the information of the third detection action ; Send the sixth uplink data message to the next hop node, the sixth uplink data message includes a third detection rule, and the third detection rule instructs the next hop node to follow the sixth uplink data message Actions for flow detection. That is to say, the access network device may also send detection rules to the next hop node when it serves as the uplink first node.
  • the third detection rule is used to notify a processing action, and the processing action is one or more of the following: coloring, measuring delay, measuring packet loss rate, measuring disorder, measuring jitter, obtaining timestamp, obtaining queue Depth, obtain CPU load, obtain queuing delay, obtain buffer occupancy, obtain forwarding path, obtain receiving or sending port, report obtained information, etc. It should be understood that the content contained in the processing actions is only described as an example, and the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the next hop node may be a router, a switch, an access network device, or other user plane functional network element or other transmission node, which is not limited.
  • the method further includes: the access network device receiving a second downlink data packet, where the second downlink data packet includes the first detection rule, The first detection rule instructs the access network to perform follow-up detection on the second downlink data packet; the access network device performs follow-up detection according to the second instruction information, and obtains an execution result; The access network device determines sixth indication information based on the execution result, and the sixth indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform follow-up detection; the access network device sends a third downlink datagram to the terminal device
  • the third downlink data packet includes seventh indication information, and the seventh indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform follow-up detection on the third downlink data packet. Therefore, the access network device may perform follow-up detection based on the first detection rule, and when sending a downlink data message to the terminal device, add seventh indication information to the downlink data message to instruct the terminal device to perform follow-up detection.
  • the second downlink data packet is an IPv6 packet, an IPv4 packet, an SRV6 packet, an Ethernet packet or a GTPU protocol packet.
  • the third downlink data packet is an access network protocol packet.
  • the access network device may be an intermediate node or a downlink head node in downlink transmission, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the access network device may be a downlink head node.
  • the method further includes: the access network device receiving information about a fourth detection action, where the fourth detection action is used for data flow.
  • the access network device performs follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device, including: receiving the seventh data packet of the data flow; performing the detection action indicated by the information of the fourth detection action on the seventh data packet .
  • the seventh data packet is a seventh downlink data packet
  • the method further includes: the access network device generates a fourth detection rule according to the information of the fourth detection action; and sends the fourth detection rule to the next-hop node.
  • Eight downlink data packets the eighth downlink data packet includes the fourth detection rule, and the fourth detection rule instructs the next-hop node to perform follow-up detection on the eighth downlink data packet .
  • the fourth detection rule is used to notify the next hop node of a processing action, and the processing action is one or more of the following: coloring, measuring delay, measuring packet loss rate, measuring disorder, measuring jitter, and obtaining timestamp , Get the queue depth, get the CPU load, get the queuing delay, get the buffer occupation, get the forwarding path, get the receiving or sending port, report the obtained information, etc. It should be understood that the content contained in the processing actions is only described as an example, and the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the next hop node may be a router, a switch, an access network device, or other user plane functional network element or other transmission node, which is not limited.
  • a method for detecting a data flow including: a control plane network element (or a chip in the control plane network element) generates first indication information, and sends the first indication information to a user plane network element,
  • the first instruction information is used to instruct the user plane functional network element to perform follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device.
  • the control plane network element sends the first indication information to the user plane functional network element, so that the user plane functional network element can perform follow-up detection based on the first indication information , and send the fifth indication information to the terminal device, so that the terminal device performs follow-up detection based on the fifth indication information, can quickly locate user plane transmission, and can also improve the accuracy of data plane information acquisition.
  • control plane network elements may be replaced by management plane network elements (for example, OAM).
  • the management plane network element may send the first indication information to the user plane network element.
  • the control plane network element may be a session management network element (for example, SMF) or a policy control function network element (for example, PCF).
  • SMF session management network element
  • PCF policy control function network element
  • the method further includes: the control plane network element receiving the identifier of the data flow from an application function network element or a network manager.
  • the method further includes: the control plane network element sends information of a first detection action to the user plane functional network element, and the first detection action is used for data flow (including uplink data flow) and downstream).
  • the method further includes: a control plane network element sending first information to the user plane functional network element, where the first information is used to indicate that the user plane functional network element is a downlink head node.
  • the user plane functional network element informs the next-hop node of the first detection rule, so that the next-hop node also performs follow-up detection.
  • the method further includes: a control plane network element sending second information to the user plane functional network element, where the second information is used to indicate that the user plane functional network element is an uplink tail node.
  • the user plane functional network element decides to strip the third indication information when sending the uplink data packet to the next-hop node.
  • a method for detecting a data flow including: a control plane network element (or a chip in the control plane network element) generates fifth indication information, and sends the fifth indication information to a terminal device, the The fifth indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform follow-up detection on the data stream of the terminal device.
  • the control plane network element sends the fifth indication information to the terminal device, so that the terminal device can perform follow-up detection based on the fifth indication information, and can quickly locate the user plane. Transmission can also improve the accuracy of information acquisition on the data plane.
  • control plane network elements may be replaced by management plane network elements (for example, OAM).
  • the management plane network element may send fifth indication information to the terminal device.
  • the method further includes: a control plane network element sending information of a second detection action to the terminal device, where the second detection action is used for an uplink data flow.
  • the method further includes: a control plane network element sending third information to the terminal device, where the third information is used to indicate that the terminal device is an uplink head node.
  • the terminal device sends the uplink data message to the access network device, an indication is added in the uplink data message, so as to instruct the access network device to perform follow-up detection.
  • the method further includes: a control plane network element sending fourth information to the terminal device, where the fourth information is used to indicate that the terminal device is a downlink tail node.
  • the data flow may be a quality of service flow QoS, so that flow-based detection of QoS granularity can be realized.
  • the first indication information includes the identifier of the QoS flow, so that the functional network element of the user plane implements flow-based detection of QoS granularity.
  • the fifth indication information includes the identifier of the QoS flow, so that the terminal device implements flow-based detection of QoS granularity.
  • the data flow is a service flow, so that flow-based detection of service flow granularity can be realized.
  • the first indication information includes the identifier of the service flow, so that the functional network element of the user plane can realize the follow-up detection of the service flow granularity.
  • the fifth indication information includes the identifier of the service flow, so that the terminal device can implement the follow-up detection of the service flow granularity.
  • the identifier of the service flow may be an identifier that can be recognized by both the transmission network and the cellular network, so as to realize the cooperative detection of the transmission network and the cellular network.
  • an apparatus for detecting a service flow including various modules or units configured to execute the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect to the fifth aspect.
  • an apparatus for detecting a service flow including a processor.
  • the processor is coupled with the memory, and may be used to execute instructions or data in the memory, so as to implement the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect above.
  • the device further includes a memory.
  • the device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.
  • the device is a user plane functional network element.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface.
  • the device is a chip configured in a user plane functional network element.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit.
  • the input/output interface may be an input/output circuit.
  • an apparatus for detecting a service flow including a processor.
  • the processor is coupled with the memory, and may be used to execute instructions or data in the memory, so as to implement the method in any possible implementation manner of the second aspect above.
  • the device further includes a memory.
  • the device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.
  • the apparatus is a terminal device.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface.
  • the device is a chip configured in a terminal device.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit.
  • the input/output interface may be an input/output circuit.
  • an apparatus for detecting a service flow including a processor.
  • the processor is coupled with the memory, and may be used to execute instructions or data in the memory, so as to implement the method in any possible implementation manner of the third aspect above.
  • the device further includes a memory.
  • the device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.
  • the apparatus is an access network device.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface.
  • the device is a chip configured in an access network device.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit.
  • the input/output interface may be an input/output circuit.
  • an apparatus for detecting a service flow including a processor.
  • the processor is coupled with the memory, and may be used to execute instructions or data in the memory, so as to implement the method in any possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect or the fifth aspect above.
  • the device further includes a memory.
  • the device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.
  • the device is a control plane network element.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface.
  • the device is a chip configured in a control plane network element.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit.
  • the input/output interface can be an input/output circuit
  • a processor including: an input circuit, an output circuit, and a processing circuit.
  • the processing circuit is configured to receive a signal through the input circuit and transmit a signal through the output circuit, so that the processor executes the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect to the fifth aspect.
  • the above-mentioned processor can be one or more chips
  • the input circuit can be an input pin
  • the output circuit can be an output pin
  • the processing circuit can be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop and various logic circuits, etc. .
  • the input signal received by the input circuit may be received and input by, for example but not limited to, the receiver
  • the output signal of the output circuit may be, for example but not limited to, output to the transmitter and transmitted by the transmitter
  • the circuit may be the same circuit, which is used as an input circuit and an output circuit respectively at different times.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific implementation manners of the processor and various circuits.
  • a processing device including a processor and a memory.
  • the processor is used to read instructions stored in the memory, and may receive signals through the receiver and transmit signals through the transmitter, so as to execute the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect to the fifth aspect.
  • processors there are one or more processors, and one or more memories.
  • the memory may be integrated with the processor, or the memory may be set separately from the processor.
  • the memory can be a non-transitory (non-transitory) memory, such as a read-only memory (read only memory, ROM), which can be integrated with the processor on the same chip, or can be respectively arranged in different On the chip, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the memory and the configuration of the memory and the processor.
  • a non-transitory memory such as a read-only memory (read only memory, ROM)
  • ROM read only memory
  • a related data interaction process such as sending indication information may be a process of outputting indication information from a processor
  • receiving capability information may be a process of receiving input capability information from a processor.
  • the data output by the processor may be output to the transmitter, and the input data received by the processor may be from the receiver.
  • the transmitter and the receiver may be collectively referred to as a transceiver.
  • the processing device in the above-mentioned twelfth aspect may be one or more chips.
  • the processor in the processing device may be implemented by hardware or by software.
  • the processor When implemented by hardware, the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, etc.; when implemented by software, the processor may be a general-purpose processor, which is implemented by reading software codes stored in a memory, which can Integrated in a processor, it can exist independently of that processor.
  • a computer program product including: a computer program (also referred to as code, or an instruction), when the computer program is executed, the computer executes the above-mentioned first aspect to The method in any possible implementation of the fifth aspect.
  • a computer program also referred to as code, or an instruction
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program (also referred to as code, or instruction) which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the above-mentioned first A method in any possible implementation manner of the aspect to the fifth aspect.
  • a computer program also referred to as code, or instruction
  • a communication system including one or more of the foregoing user plane functional network element, control plane network element, management plane network element, access network device, and terminal device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture applicable to the method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another network architecture applicable to the method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is an example of the application architecture of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic interaction diagram of a method for detecting a data flow according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic interactive diagram of a method for detecting a data flow according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic interaction diagram of a method for detecting data streams according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a flowchart of an example of an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a flow chart of another example of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for detecting a data flow provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another device for detecting data streams provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunications system
  • 5th generation, 5G fifth generation
  • new radio new radio, NR
  • the technical solution provided by this application can also be applied to machine type communication (machine type communication, MTC), inter-machine communication long-term evolution technology (long term evolution-machine, LTE-M), device-to-device (device-to-device, D2D) A network, a machine to machine (M2M) network, an Internet of things (IoT) network, or other networks.
  • MTC machine type communication
  • LTE-M long term evolution-machine
  • D2D device-to-device
  • M2M machine to machine
  • IoT Internet of things
  • the IoT network may include, for example, the Internet of Vehicles.
  • the communication methods in the Internet of Vehicles system are collectively referred to as vehicle to other devices (vehicle to X, V2X, X can represent anything), for example, the V2X can include: vehicle to vehicle (vehicle to vehicle, V2V) communication, vehicle and Infrastructure (vehicle to infrastructure, V2I) communication, vehicle to pedestrian (vehicle to pedestrian, V2P) or vehicle to network (vehicle to network, V2N) communication, etc.
  • vehicle to vehicle vehicle to vehicle
  • V2V vehicle to vehicle
  • V2I vehicle to infrastructure
  • V2P vehicle to pedestrian
  • V2N vehicle to network
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture applicable to the method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the network architecture is, for example, the 5G system (the 5h generation system, 5GS) defined in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3rd Generation Partnership Project, 3GPP) protocol TS23.501.
  • the network architecture can be divided into two parts: an access network (access network, AN) and a core network (core network, CN).
  • the access network can be used to implement functions related to wireless access
  • the core network mainly includes the following key logical network elements: access and mobility management function (access and mobility management function, AMF), session management function (session management function, SMF), user plane function (user plane function, UPF), policy control function (policy control function, PCF) and unified data management (unified data management, UDM), etc.
  • User equipment can be called terminal equipment, access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication equipment, User Agent or User Device.
  • a terminal device may be a device that provides voice/data connectivity to users, for example, a handheld device with a wireless connection function, a vehicle-mounted device, and the like.
  • some terminals are: mobile phone (mobile phone), tablet computer, notebook computer, palmtop computer, mobile internet device (mobile internet device, MID), wearable device, virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) device, augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, smart grid Wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart city, wireless terminals in smart home, cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol , SIP) telephone, wireless local loop (wireless local loop, WLL) station, personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant, PDA), customer terminal equipment (customer premises equipment, CPE), handheld device with wireless communication function, computing device Or other processing equipment connected to the wireless modem, vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable equipment, terminal equipment in the 5G network or terminal equipment in the public land mobile communication network (public
  • the terminal device may also be a wearable device.
  • Wearable devices can also be called wearable smart devices, which is a general term for the application of wearable technology to intelligently design daily wear and develop wearable devices, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing and shoes.
  • a wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories. Wearable devices are not only a hardware device, but also achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction.
  • Generalized wearable smart devices include full-featured, large-sized, complete or partial functions without relying on smart phones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, etc., and only focus on a certain type of application functions, and need to cooperate with other devices such as smart phones Use, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for physical sign monitoring.
  • the terminal device can also be a terminal device in the Internet of Things (IoT) system.
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • IoT is an important part of the development of information technology in the future, and its main technical feature is that items can be Connect with the network to realize the intelligent network of man-machine interconnection and object interconnection.
  • Access network Provide network access functions for user equipment, and can use transmission tunnels of different qualities according to user levels and business requirements.
  • the access network may be an access network using different access technologies.
  • 3GPP access technologies such as those used in 3G, 4G or 5G systems
  • non-3GPP (non-3GPP) access technologies There are currently two types of wireless access technologies: 3GPP access technologies (such as those used in 3G, 4G or 5G systems) and non-3GPP (non-3GPP) access technologies.
  • the 3GPP access technology refers to the access technology that complies with the 3GPP standard specifications.
  • the access network equipment in the 5G system is called the next generation Node Base station (gNB).
  • gNB next generation Node Base station
  • a non-3GPP access technology refers to an access technology that does not comply with the 3GPP standard specification, for example, an air interface technology represented by an access point (access point, AP) in wireless fidelity (Wireless Fidelity, WiFi).
  • An access network that implements a network access function based on a wireless communication technology may be referred to as a radio access network (radio access network, RAN).
  • the wireless access network can manage wireless resources, provide access services for terminal equipment, and then complete the forwarding of control signals and user data between the terminal and the core network.
  • the wireless access network may include but not limited to: a radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), a node B (Node B, NB), a base station controller (base station controller, BSC), a base transceiver station (base transceiver station , BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (baseband unit, BBU), AP in WiFi system, wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (transmission point, TP) or transmission and reception point (transmission and reception point, TRP), etc., can also be gNB or transmission point (TRP or TP) in the 5G (eg, NR) system, one or a group of base stations in the 5G system (Including multiple antenna panels)
  • the antenna panel or, can also be a network node that constitutes a gNB or a transmission point, such as a baseband unit (BBU), or a distributed unit (DU), or a next-generation communication
  • the access network can provide services for the cells.
  • the terminal device can communicate with the cell through the transmission resources (for example, frequency domain resources, or spectrum resources) allocated by the access network device.
  • AMF mainly used for mobility management and access management, such as user location update, user registration network, user switching, etc.
  • the AMF can also be used to implement other functions in a mobility management entity (mobility management entity, MME) except session management. For example, functions such as lawful interception or access authorization (or authentication).
  • SMF mainly used for session management, UE's Internet Protocol (Internet Protocol, IP) address allocation and management, selection of manageable user plane functions, policy control, or termination points of charging function interfaces, and downlink data notification.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the SMF primary user is responsible for session management in the mobile network, such as session establishment, modification, and release. Specific functions may include, for example, assigning an IP address to the terminal device, selecting a UPF that provides a packet forwarding function, and the like.
  • UPF that is, the data plane gateway. It can be used for packet routing and forwarding, or quality of service (QoS) processing of user plane data, etc.
  • User data can be accessed to a data network (data network, DN) through this network element. In the embodiment of this application, it can be used to realize the function of the user plane gateway.
  • Data network An operator network used to provide users with data services.
  • an operator's service network the Internet (Internet), a third-party service network, an IP multimedia service service (IP multi-media service) network, and the like.
  • Internet the Internet
  • IP multimedia service service IP multi-media service
  • Authentication server function (authentication server function, AUSF): mainly used for user authentication, etc.
  • Network exposure function used to securely expose services and capabilities provided by 3GPP network functions to the outside.
  • Network storage function network function (NF) repository function, NRF): used to store description information of network functional entities and the services they provide, and support service discovery, network element entity discovery, etc.
  • PCF Policy Control Function
  • Unified Data Management used to store user data, such as subscription information, authentication/authorization information, etc.
  • Application function Responsible for providing services to the 3GPP network, such as affecting service routing, interacting with PCF for policy control, etc.
  • network elements can communicate through the interfaces shown in the figure.
  • the N1 interface is the reference point between the terminal equipment and the AMF
  • the N2 interface is the reference point between the RAN and the AMF, and is used for sending non-access stratum (non-access stratum, NAS) messages
  • the N3 interface is The reference point between RAN and UPF, used to transmit user plane data, etc.
  • N4 interface is the reference point between SMF and UPF, used to transmit tunnel identification information such as N3 connection, data cache indication information, and downlink data notification Information such as messages
  • N5 interface is the reference point between PCF and AF
  • N6 interface is the reference point between UPF and DN, used to transmit user plane data, etc.
  • N7 interface is the reference point between SMF and PCF
  • N8 The interface is the reference point between AMF and UDM
  • the N11 interface is the reference point between AMF and SMF.
  • the relationship between other interfaces and each network element is shown in FIG. 1 , and for
  • FIG. 1 some of the interfaces in Figure 1 can be implemented in the form of service interfaces.
  • AMF can interact with other network functions through the service interface Namf
  • NSSF can interact with other network functions through the service interface Nnssf
  • NEF can interact with other network functions through the service interface Nnef
  • NRF can interact with other network functions through the service interface Nnrf
  • PCF can interact with other network functions through the service interface Npcf
  • UDM can interact with other network functions through the service interface Nudm
  • AF can interact with other network functions through the service interface Naf Interact with other network functions
  • SMF can interact with other network functions through the service interface Nsmf
  • AUSF can interact with other network functions through the service interface Nausf.
  • the above-mentioned network architecture applied to the embodiment of the present application is only an example of a network architecture described from the perspective of a traditional point-to-point architecture and a service-oriented architecture, and the network architecture applicable to the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto. Any network architecture capable of implementing the functions of the foregoing network elements is applicable to this embodiment of the present application.
  • AMF, SMF, UPF, network slice selection function (network slice selection function, NSSF), NEF, AUSF, NRF, PCF, and UDM shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 can be understood as Network elements that are used to implement different functions, for example, can be combined into network slices on demand. These core network elements may be independent devices, or may be integrated into the same device to implement different functions. This application does not limit the specific forms of the above network elements.
  • network element A sending a message, information or data to network element B
  • network element B receiving a message, information or data from network element A
  • the relevant descriptions involving network element A sending a message, information or data to network element B, and network element B receiving a message, information or data from network element A are intended to illustrate that the message, information or data Which network element the information or data is to be sent to, does not limit whether they are sent directly or indirectly through other network elements.
  • In-situ operations administration and maintenance is a network traffic detection technology. By adding operations administration and maintenance (OAM) information to business traffic hop by hop, traffic forwarding paths, Perception and measurement of forwarding quality. Compared with the traditional traffic detection technology, the IOAM technology can measure the user's real traffic information (packet loss, delay, etc.). OAM instructions and information are embedded in user traffic, and finally packet-by-packet detection can be achieved to obtain "comprehensive”, “real-time”, and “accurate” data plane information (such as time stamp, queue depth, queuing delay, buffer occupancy and forwarding) path, etc.).
  • OAM operations administration and maintenance
  • IFIT In-situ flow information telemetry
  • IPv6 Internet protocol version 6, IPv6
  • IPv4 Internet protocol version 4, IPv4
  • MPLS Multi-protocol label switching
  • the current detection mechanism is applicable to a narrow range of scenarios and cannot implement end-to-end detection, resulting in time-consuming end-to-end user plane transmission positioning, which cannot meet customer demands for rapid business recovery.
  • the architecture includes: camera, UE/CPE, RAN transmission network management (operation, administration and maintenance, OAM), cellular network OAM, and UPF.
  • the transmission network technology used between the RAN and the UPF may be IPRAN.
  • This architecture can be applied to the scenario of layered detection of the core network and the transmission network. Assuming that the camera communicates through UE/CPE, and the RAN and UPF communicate through IP RAN, the actual data transmission path is: camera-UE/CPE-RAN-IPRAN-UPF. Taking the uplink data flow of video detection as an example, the IP packet of the camera is encapsulated (as a PDU unit) using the access network protocol on the UE/CPE side.
  • the access network protocol in this application may be one of the following protocols: SDAP protocol, PDCP protocol, MAC layer protocol, RLC layer protocol, or RRC layer protocol.
  • the UE/CPE adds a first field (the first field may contain one or more fields) in the access network protocol header, and writes detection indications, reporting trigger conditions, etc. in the first field .
  • the first field in the present application may also be referred to as a detection field, and the first field may be part or all of the fields in the flow detection protocol (for example, IFIT or IOAM protocol).
  • IFIT IFIT
  • IOAM IOAM protocol
  • part or all of the fields in the IOAM or IFIT protocol header can be used as the first field or detection field in the access network protocol header.
  • the UE/CPE reports information such as the packet length, flow identifier, and period to the monitoring network element (the monitoring network element can specifically be a core network element, or a network management OAM, wherein the core The network element can be SMF or NWDAF or PCF, etc.).
  • the UE/CPE may also write the obtained detection information into the first field and transmit it to the next-hop node.
  • the RAN After receiving the access network protocol message, the RAN writes the first field into the GTPU protocol header, and transmits the GTPU protocol message including the first field to the UPF network element.
  • the RAN and UPF network elements obtain the detection information according to the first field, and report to the monitoring network element according to the trigger event.
  • the monitoring network element collects the detection information reported by each node, for example, the message length information, it can analyze the node where the service message is segmented, so as to trigger the alarm in time.
  • the underlying transmission network may also use flow-based detection technology (such as IOAM/IFIT technology), but in this scenario, the detection of the core network and the transmission network is not coordinated and does not affect each other.
  • flow-based detection technology such as IOAM/IFIT technology
  • Uncoordinated refers to the use of independent flow detection methods in the cellular network and the transmission network.
  • the cellular network may add the first field through an existing protocol header or a new protocol layer, and pass it to the next-hop cellular network node.
  • the cellular network data bearer is transmitted in the transmission network, if the RAN transmits the cellular data to the UPF node through the transmission network, the transmission network does not perceive the fields added by the cellular network.
  • the architecture includes: camera, UE/CPE, RAN, cellular network OAM, UPF.
  • the transmission network technology used between the RAN and the UPF may be IPRAN.
  • This architecture can be applied to the scenario where the core network and the transmission network are integrated for detection. In this scenario, the core network and the transmission network coordinate detection.
  • the RAN needs to be in the transport layer protocol (for example, IPv6 protocol or IPv4 enhanced protocol (IPv4-enhanced, IPv4-en), SRv6, Ethernet protocol or GPRS user plane tunneling protocol (GPRS tunneling protocol for the user plane, GTPU) and other transport layer protocols, which are not limited here), write fields in the header.
  • IPv6 protocol or IPv4 enhanced protocol (IPv4-enhanced, IPv4-en) IPv4-enhanced, IPv4-en
  • SRv6, Ethernet protocol or GPRS user plane tunneling protocol (GPRS tunneling protocol for the user plane, GTPU) and other transport layer protocols, which are not limited
  • SRv6 is a new generation IP bearer protocol based on IPv6 and source routing.
  • the GTPU is used to transmit user data between the radio access network and the core network.
  • Coordination refers to: the transmission network perceives the fields added by the cellular network, and the transmission nodes (routers, etc.) in the transmission network can obtain the corresponding detection information according to the instructions of the fields, and then directly report or write the detection information into the fields, and transmit to the next hop node.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic interaction diagram of a method 400 for detecting data streams according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the user plane functional network element in FIG. 4 may be a UPF.
  • the messages or information involved in the interaction process in FIG. 4 may be carried in existing messages or signaling, or may be newly defined messages or signaling, which is not specifically limited.
  • the method 400 includes:
  • the control plane network element sends first indication information to the user plane functional network element, where the first indication information is used to instruct the user plane functional network element to perform follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device.
  • the user plane functional network element receives the first indication information from the control plane network element.
  • control plane network element may be a session management network element (for example, SMF) or a policy control function network element (for example, PCF).
  • SMF session management network element
  • PCF policy control function network element
  • the first indication information may be carried in the detection request.
  • the first indication information may indicate that the user plane functional network element performs follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device.
  • the way of "displaying instructions" refers to: using the information element to instruct the user plane functional network element to perform follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal equipment.
  • the first indication information includes the foregoing first field (or detection field), for example, an IFIT/IOAM indication or an IFIT/IOAM field.
  • the first indication information may implicitly instruct the user plane functional network element to perform follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device.
  • the way of "implicit indication” means: the first indication information includes the information of the detection action (or called the processing action). That is, if the functional network element of the user plane receives the processing action information issued by the network element of the control plane, it performs follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device.
  • the detection actions include but are not limited to the following: coloring, measuring delay, measuring packet loss rate, measuring out-of-sequence, measuring jitter, obtaining timestamp, obtaining queue depth, obtaining CPU load, obtaining queuing delay, obtaining Buffer occupation, obtain forwarding path, obtain receiving or sending port, report obtained information, etc. It should be understood that the content contained in the processing actions is only described as an example, and the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the control plane NEs can decide to issue follow-up detection instructions or policies based on one or more of the following trigger conditions: Trigger condition 1, the control plane NEs judge the need to perform Follow-the-flow detection; trigger condition 2, the control plane network element receives a request message sent by the terminal device, and the request message is used to request detection of a specific QoS flow or service flow; trigger condition 3, the control plane network element is based on the operator's policy Perform follow-up detection. It can be understood that the above trigger conditions are only exemplary descriptions, and the present application is not limited thereto.
  • control plane network element may determine the granularity of the follow-up detection (for example, QoS flow granularity or service flow granularity).
  • the request message sent by the terminal device may be a session establishment request message or a session modification message.
  • the request message sent by the terminal device may carry detection granularity indication information (for example, used to indicate the detection QoS granularity, or service flow granularity). If the request message carries detection granularity indication information, the request message may also carry a QoS flow identifier or a service flow identifier or other information capable of identifying a QoS flow/service flow.
  • control plane network element receives the above request message sent by the terminal device.
  • the flow detection instruction or policy issued by the control plane network element includes one or more of the following steps: sending the first instruction information to the user plane functional network element (that is, S410); sending the fifth instruction information to the terminal device (the following method S510 in 500); sending eighth indication information to the access network device (S610 in method 600 below). It should be understood that the above steps of issuing the follow-up detection instruction or policy by the control plane network element are only described as examples, and the present application is not limited thereto.
  • control plane network elements may also be replaced by management plane network elements (such as OAM).
  • OAM management plane network elements
  • the management plane network element issuing the follow-up detection instruction or strategy includes one or more of the following steps: sending the first instruction information to the user plane network element; sending the fifth instruction information to the terminal device; Send the eighth indication information to the access network device. It should be understood that the above steps of issuing the follow-up detection instruction or policy by the network element on the management plane are only described as examples, and the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the user plane functional network element performs follow-the-flow detection on the data flow of the terminal device according to the first indication information.
  • the user plane function network element activates or enables the function of detection along with the flow according to the first indication information.
  • following the flow detection can include one or more of the following: identifying abnormalities based on real-time business traffic, detecting based on real user traffic, realizing packet-by-packet detection, and obtaining more comprehensive data surface information. In this way, the comprehensiveness, timeliness, and accuracy of data surface information acquisition can be improved.
  • the data flow of the terminal device is a QoS flow
  • the first indication information includes an identifier of the QoS flow.
  • the functional network element of the user plane can perform follow-up detection on the QoS flow based on the identifier of the QoS flow, and can realize the detection of the granularity of the QoS flow.
  • the data flow of the terminal device is a service flow
  • the first indication information includes an identifier (Flow ID) of the service flow.
  • the functional network element of the user plane can perform follow-up detection on the service flow based on the identifier of the service flow, which can realize finer-grained detection, that is, detection on the granularity of the service flow.
  • the identifier of the service flow may be generated from a five-tuple of the detected service flow (for example, a unique identifier is generated through a Hash function).
  • the first indication information further includes a Packet filter corresponding to the service flow identifier Flow ID.
  • the service flow identifier may be a global service flow identifier that can be recognized by both the cellular network and the transport network.
  • the AF or the network management provides the global service flow identifier to the session management network element. In this way, by introducing the global service flow identifier, the coordinated detection of the cellular network and the transmission network can be realized.
  • the user plane function network element receives the first indication information, and performs follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device according to the first indication information.
  • the detection results are more timely and accurate; through packet-by-packet detection, the granularity is finer and more accurate; moreover, a variety of detection data information can be defined in the first field, to obtain more comprehensive information.
  • the current user plane transmission positioning in the current follow-up detection technology is time-consuming and not accurate enough.
  • the method for detecting data flow in the embodiment of the present application can quickly locate user plane transmission, and can also improve the accuracy of data plane information acquisition.
  • the method for detecting data flow in the embodiment of the present application can realize that the user plane network element independently performs detection according to the instruction information, reduces the direct control of the control node, and improves the real-time performance of data plane information acquisition.
  • the method 400 further includes: the user plane functional network element receives information of a first detection action, and the first detection action is used for a data flow (which may be a downlink data flow or an uplink data flow, for this Not limited); the user plane functional network element performs follow-up detection on the data stream of the terminal device, including: the user plane functional network element receives the first data message of the data stream; and executes on the first data message The detection action indicated by the information of the first detection action.
  • the first data packet may be an uplink data packet or a downlink data packet, which is not limited in this application.
  • the first detection action includes one or more of the following processing actions: coloring, measuring delay, measuring packet loss rate, measuring disorder, measuring jitter, obtaining timestamp, obtaining queue depth, obtaining CPU load, obtaining queuing delay , Obtain buffer occupancy, obtain forwarding path, obtain receiving or sending port, report obtained information, etc. It should be understood that the content contained in the processing actions is only described as an example, and the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the user plane functional network element may be a downlink head node, an uplink tail node, or an intermediate node.
  • the user plane functional network elements have different processing behaviors. Each will be described below.
  • the functional network element of the user plane is the first downlink node.
  • the first data packet is a first downlink data packet.
  • the method 400 further includes: the user plane functional network element generating a first detection rule according to the information of the first detection action; sending a second downlink data packet to the next-hop node, the first The second downlink data packet includes the first detection rule, and the first detection rule instructs the next-hop node to perform follow-up detection on the second downlink data packet.
  • the next hop node may be an access network device, a router, a switch, or other user plane functional network element or other transmission node, which is not limited.
  • the user plane functional network element when the user plane functional network element is the head node, the user plane functional network element receives the first downlink data packet, and then performs the first detection action on the first downlink data packet as indicated by the information action, and use the information of the first detection action to configure the first detection rule (or monitor rule). Then, the user plane functional network element sends the second downlink data packet to the next-hop node. That is to say, when the user plane functional network element is the first downlink node, in addition to performing follow-up detection according to the information of the first detection action, it is also necessary to inform the next-hop node of the first detection rule so that the next-hop node can also perform the first detection rule. Flow detection.
  • the second downlink data packet carries second indication information, and the second indication information is used to instruct the next-hop node to perform follow-up detection on the second downlink data packet.
  • the second downlink data packet may include both the first detection rule and the second indication information; or, the second downlink data packet includes the first detection rule; or, the second downlink data packet includes Second instruction message.
  • the second downlink data message can adopt IPv6 protocol, IPv4 protocol (for example, enhanced IPv4-en protocol), SRV6 protocol, Ethernet protocol or GTPU protocol, etc., or in other words, the second downlink data message can be IPv6 message, IPv4 packets, SRV6 packets, Ethernet packets, or GTPU protocol packets, etc.
  • the user plane functional network element generates the first field (for example, as mentioned above, the first field is used for follow-up detection, which may be all or part of the fields in the IFIT/IOAM field protocol header), and encapsulates it in in the GTPU header.
  • the second downlink data message is a GTPU message, and the second indication information can be realized through the first field.
  • the user plane functional network element generates the first field, and writes the first field into an IPv6 or IPv4 protocol (such as an enhanced IPv4-en protocol header), and the second downlink data packet is an IPv6 or IPv4 protocol packet, so
  • IPv6 or IPv4 protocol such as an enhanced IPv4-en protocol header
  • the second downlink data packet is an IPv6 or IPv4 protocol packet
  • the first field between the user plane functional network element and the access network device can be placed At the existing protocol layer, for example, the GTPU protocol layer.
  • the first field between the user plane functional network element and the access network device, that is, the second indication information may also be placed in the newly added protocol header.
  • a protocol layer can be added between UPF-RAN.
  • the user plane functional network element may write the Flow Id into the GTPU protocol layer, or a newly added protocol layer between UPF-RAN.
  • the user plane functional network element can write the Flow Id corresponding to the Packet filter in the packet detection rule (packet detection rule, PDR) into the GTPU protocol layer field or the newly added protocol layer field. That is to say, when the user plane functional network element is the downlink head node, the user plane functional network element can write the Flow Id into the GTPU protocol layer field or the newly added protocol layer field. In this way, after receiving this field, the next hop node can identify the service flow to be detected according to the Flow Id.
  • packet detection rule packet detection rule
  • the user plane functional network element can generate a dynamic flow identifier according to the Flow Id, and the user plane functional network element can write the dynamic flow identifier into the GTPU protocol layer , or a new protocol layer between UPF-RAN.
  • the user plane functional network element can write the GTPU protocol layer field or the newly added protocol layer field according to the Flow Id corresponding to the Packet filter in the PDR. That is to say, when the user plane functional network element is the first downlink node, the user plane functional network element may write the dynamic flow identifier into the GTPU protocol layer field or the newly added protocol layer field. In this way, after receiving the field, the next-hop node can identify the service flow to be detected according to the dynamic flow identifier.
  • the user plane functional network element can know whether it is the downlink head node through the instruction of the session management network element.
  • the method 400 further includes: the session management network element sends first information to the user plane functional network element, where the first information is used to indicate that the user plane functional network element is a downlink head node.
  • the user plane functional network element receives the first information.
  • the user plane functional network element can learn that it is the downlink head node through the first information sent by the session management network element.
  • the first information can be realized by 1 bit. For example, when the value of this bit is 0, it indicates that it is not the first downlink node; when the value of this bit is 1, it indicates that it is the first downlink node. It should be understood that the examples here are only for understanding, and do not limit the embodiment of the present application.
  • the session management network element may determine the user plane functional network element as the downlink head node in different ways.
  • Mode 1 the session management NE locally configures the user plane functional network element as the downlink first node;
  • Mode 2 the session management NE learns that the user plane functional NE is the downlink first node according to the operator's policy;
  • Mode 3 session management The network element learns that the user plane functional network element is the downlink head node through the information sent by the AF (the information is used to indicate that the user plane functional network element is the downlink head node).
  • the head node refers to the start node that supports the flow detection technology (such as IFIT/IOAM protocol).
  • the downlink head node of the user plane functional network element is used as an example to describe, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the downlink head node may also be a certain router or switch carrying N6.
  • the user plane functional network element is an uplink tail node.
  • the first data packet is a first uplink data packet.
  • the above-mentioned first detection action is used for uplink data flow; the user plane functional network element performs the detection action indicated by the information of the first detection action on the first uplink data packet.
  • the first uplink data packet carries third indication information, and the third indication information is used to instruct the user plane functional network element to perform follow-up detection; the user plane functional network element sends the second uplink data to the next-hop node message, where the second uplink data message does not include the third indication information.
  • the first uplink data message can adopt IPv6 protocol, IPv4 protocol (for example, enhanced IPv4-en protocol), SRV6 protocol, Ethernet protocol or GTPU protocol, etc., or in other words, the first uplink data message can be an IPv6 message , IPv4 packets, SRV6 packets, Ethernet packets, or GTPU packets.
  • IPv6 protocol for example, enhanced IPv4-en protocol
  • SRV6 protocol for example, enhanced IPv4-en protocol
  • Ethernet protocol or GTPU protocol etc.
  • the first uplink data message can be an IPv6 message , IPv4 packets, SRV6 packets, Ethernet packets, or GTPU packets.
  • the second uplink data message can adopt IPv6 protocol, IPv4 protocol (for example, enhanced IPv4-en protocol), SRV6 protocol, Ethernet protocol or GTPU protocol, etc., or in other words, the second uplink data message can be IPv6 message, IPv4 packets, SRV6 packets, Ethernet packets, or GTPU protocol packets, etc.
  • the first uplink data packet is a GTPU packet; the second uplink data packet is a GTPU packet.
  • the first uplink data packet is an IPv6 packet or an IPv4 packet; the second uplink data packet is an IPv6 packet or an IPv4 packet.
  • the first uplink data packet is a GTPU packet
  • the second uplink data packet is a GTPU packet.
  • the first uplink data packet includes third indication information, and the third indication information can be realized through the first field.
  • the first field is the IFIT/IOAM field
  • the GTPU packet header carries the IFIT/IOAM field.
  • the user plane functional network element receives the GTPU message from the access network device, and then performs follow-up detection based on the first field carried in the GTPU message (or performs Specific detection instructions).
  • the functional network element of the user plane sends the second uplink data message, that is, the GTPU message to the next-hop node after performing follow-up detection on the GTPU message.
  • the functional network element of the user plane needs to strip the first field.
  • the functional network element of the user plane sends the GTPU message after stripping the first field to the DN through the N6 interface. That is to say, if the user plane functional network element is the uplink tail node, the first field needs to be stripped before sending the uplink data packet to the next hop node.
  • the user plane functional network element can know whether it is an uplink tail node through the instruction of the session management network element.
  • the method 400 further includes: the user plane functional network element receiving second information from the session management network element, where the second information is used to indicate that the user plane functional network element is an uplink tail node.
  • the user plane functional network element can learn that it is an uplink tail node through the second information sent by the session management network element.
  • the second information can be realized by 1 bit. For example, when the value of this bit is 0, it indicates that it is not an uplink end node; when the value of this bit is 1, it indicates that it is an uplink end node. It should be understood that the examples here are only for understanding, and do not limit the embodiment of the present application.
  • the session management network element may determine the user plane functional network element as the uplink tail node in different ways.
  • Mode 1 the session management NE locally configures the user plane function network element as the uplink tail node;
  • mode 2 the session management network element learns that the user plane function network element is the uplink tail node according to the operator's policy;
  • mode 3 session management The network element learns that the user plane functional network element is the uplink tail node through the information sent by the AF (the information is used to indicate that the user plane functional network element is the uplink tail node).
  • the tail node refers to a termination node that supports the follow-the-flow detection protocol.
  • the uplink tail node of the user plane functional network element is used as an example for description, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the uplink end node may also be a certain router or switch carrying N6.
  • the functional network element of the user plane is an intermediate node.
  • the user plane functional network element performing follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device includes: the user plane functional network element receiving a first data packet of the data flow, the first data packet carrying the first data packet Four indication information, the fourth indication information is used to instruct the user plane functional network element to perform follow-up detection on the first data packet; the user plane functional network element sends a second data packet to a next-hop node
  • the second data packet carries fifth indication information
  • the fifth indication information is used to instruct the next-hop node to perform follow-up detection on the second data packet.
  • the next-hop node may be an I-UPF, or a switch, or a router, or an access network device.
  • the intermediate node may be understood as a node other than the terminal node and the starting node among the nodes supporting the follow-up detection technology (such as the IFIT/IOAM protocol). It should be understood that the illustration is made here by taking the intermediate node as an example of a user plane functional network element, but the present application is not limited thereto.
  • a router, a switch, or an access network device may also be an intermediate node.
  • the user plane functional network element if the user plane functional network element is an intermediate node (for downlink transmission or uplink transmission), then the user plane functional network element performs random Flow detection, and when sending the second data packet to the next-hop node, add a first field (such as fifth indication information) in the second data packet, so as to instruct the next-hop node to perform follow-the-flow detection.
  • the user plane functional network element does not need to strip the first field in the data packet.
  • a terminal device performs follow-up detection from the perspective of a user plane functional network element.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic interaction diagram of a method 500 for detecting data streams according to another embodiment of the present application. It can be understood that the messages or information involved in the interaction process in FIG. 5 may be carried in existing messages or signaling, or may be newly defined messages or signaling, which is not specifically limited. As shown in FIG. 5, the method 500 includes:
  • control plane network element (or the management plane network element) sends fifth indication information to the terminal device, where the fifth indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device receives fifth indication information from the control plane network element.
  • control plane network element may send the fifth indication information to the terminal device through other network elements.
  • the fifth indication information may be carried in the detection request.
  • the fifth indication information may indicate that the terminal device is instructed to perform follow-up detection on the data stream of the terminal device.
  • the way of "displaying instructions" refers to: using the information element to instruct the terminal equipment to perform follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal equipment.
  • the fifth indication information is a field, and the field may be an IFIT/IOAM indication or an IFIT/IOAM field.
  • the fifth indication information may implicitly instruct the terminal device to perform follow-up detection on the data stream of the terminal device.
  • the way of "implicit indication” means that the fifth indication information includes the information of the detection action (or called the processing action). That is, if the terminal device receives the processing action information issued by the network element of the control plane, it performs follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device performs follow-up detection on the data stream of the terminal device according to the fifth indication information.
  • the terminal device activates or enables the function of detection with the flow according to the fifth indication information.
  • the data flow of the terminal device is a QoS flow
  • the fifth indication information includes an identifier of the QoS flow.
  • the terminal device can perform follow-up detection on the QoS flow based on the identifier of the QoS flow, which can realize the detection of the granularity of the QoS flow.
  • the data flow of the terminal device is a service flow
  • the fifth indication information includes an identifier of the service flow.
  • the terminal device can perform follow-up detection on the service flow based on the identifier of the service flow, and can realize detection on the granularity of the service flow.
  • the fifth indication information further includes a Packet filter corresponding to the service flow identifier Flow ID.
  • the terminal device receives the fifth indication information, and performs follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device according to the fifth indication information.
  • the user plane transmission positioning in the prior art is time-consuming and not accurate enough.
  • the method for detecting data flow in the embodiment of the present application can quickly locate user plane transmission.
  • the method 500 further includes: the terminal device receives the information of the second detection action, and the second detection action is used for the data flow (the data flow may be an uplink data flow or a downlink data flow, and no action is made on this. limit); the terminal device receives the third data message of the data stream (the third data message may be an uplink data message or a downlink data message, which is not limited); the terminal device is The third data packet executes the detection action indicated by the information of the second detection action.
  • a terminal device may be a downlink end node, an uplink head node, or an intermediate node. Accordingly, end devices have different processing behaviors. Each will be described below.
  • the terminal device is an uplink head node.
  • the third data packet is a third uplink data packet.
  • the method 500 further includes: the terminal device generates a second detection rule according to the information of the second detection action; and sends a fourth uplink data packet to the access network device, the fourth uplink data packet A second detection rule is included, and the second detection rule instructs the access network device to perform follow-up detection on the fourth uplink data packet.
  • the second detection action includes one or more of the following processing actions: coloring, measuring delay, measuring packet loss rate, measuring disorder, measuring jitter, obtaining timestamp, obtaining queue depth, obtaining queuing delay, obtaining buffer occupancy , Obtain the forwarding path, obtain the receiving or sending port, report the obtained information, etc. It should be understood that the content contained in the processing actions is only described as an example, and the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the second detection rule is used to notify the above processing action.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device needs to send an uplink data packet, the terminal device performs the detection action indicated by the information of the second detection action on the third uplink data packet, and uses the information of the second detection action Configure the second detection rule, and then include the second detection rule in the fourth uplink data packet and send it to the access network device.
  • the terminal device may include sixth indication information in the fourth uplink data packet.
  • the fourth uplink data packet carries sixth indication information, and the sixth indication information is used to instruct the access network device to perform follow-up detection on the fourth uplink data packet.
  • the fourth uplink data packet may include both the second detection rule and the sixth indication information; or, the fourth uplink data packet includes the second detection rule; or, the fourth uplink data packet includes Sixth instruction information.
  • the fourth uplink data packet may be an access network packet.
  • the fourth uplink data packet may use the access network protocol.
  • the sixth indication information included in the fourth uplink data packet is realized through the first field.
  • the terminal device generates the first field, writes the first field into the access network protocol header, and sends it to the access network device.
  • the terminal device does not need to add the first field in the header of the existing protocol (such as the access network protocol) or in the header of the newly added protocol layer, but through the communication between the terminal device and the access network device
  • the control plane message transmits the sixth indication information, for example, the sixth indication information may be transmitted through an RRC message.
  • the terminal device writes into the first field according to the Flow Id corresponding to the Packet filter delivered by the network side.
  • the terminal device can write the Flow Id into the first field, so that the next-hop node can identify the service flow to be detected according to the Flow Id after receiving this field.
  • the terminal device can know whether it is the uplink head node through the instruction of the session management network element.
  • the method 500 further includes: the session management network element sends third information to the terminal device, where the third information is used to indicate that the terminal device is an uplink head node.
  • the terminal device receives the third information from the session management network element.
  • the terminal device can learn that it is the uplink head node.
  • the third information can be realized by 1 bit. For example, when the value of this bit is 0, it indicates that it is not the first uplink node; when the value of this bit is 1, it indicates that it is the first uplink node. It should be understood that the examples here are only for understanding, and do not limit the embodiment of the present application.
  • the session management network element may determine the terminal device as the uplink head node in different ways. Mode 1, the session management NE locally configures the terminal device as the first uplink node; Mode 2, the session management NE learns that the terminal device is the uplink first node according to the operator's policy; Mode 3, the session management NE sends the The information (the information is used to indicate that the terminal device is an uplink head node) knows that the terminal device is an uplink head node.
  • the terminal device is a downlink tail node.
  • the third data packet is a third downlink data packet.
  • the terminal device performing follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device includes: receiving, by the terminal device, a third downlink data packet of the data flow, where the third downlink data packet includes a seventh indication information, the seventh indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform follow-up detection on the third downlink data packet; the terminal device performs on-stream detection on the third downlink data packet according to the seventh indication information Flow detection.
  • the third downlink data packet is an access network protocol packet
  • the seventh indication information is implemented through the first field
  • the header of the access network protocol packet carries the first field.
  • the terminal device can learn that it is a downlink tail node.
  • the fourth information is used to indicate that the terminal device is a downlink tail node.
  • the fourth information may be realized by 1 bit. For example, when the value of this bit is 0, it indicates that it is not a downlink end node; when the value of this bit is 1, it indicates that it is a downlink end node. It should be understood that the examples here are only for understanding, and do not limit the embodiment of the present application.
  • the session management network element may determine the terminal device as the downlink tail node in different ways. Mode 1, the session management network element locally configures the terminal device as the downlink tail node; mode 2, the session management network element learns that the terminal device is the downlink tail node according to the operator's policy; mode 3, the session management network element sends the terminal device through the AF
  • the information (the information is used to indicate that the terminal device is a downlink tail node) knows that the terminal device is a downlink tail node.
  • the terminal device is an intermediate node, for example, the terminal device is a 5G UE/CPE.
  • the terminal device performs follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device, including: the third data packet received by the terminal device carries ninth indication information, and the ninth indication information is used to indicate that the terminal device performing follow-up detection on the third data packet; based on the ninth indication information, the terminal device performs the detection action indicated by the second detection action information on the third data packet, and sends The next-hop node sends a fourth data message, the fourth data message carries tenth indication information, and the tenth indication information is used to instruct the next-hop node to follow the flow of the fourth data message detection.
  • the terminal device performs flow-following according to the first field carried in the received third data message (for example, the ninth indication information is realized through the first field) Detect, and when sending the fourth data message to the next hop node, add the first field in the fourth data message (for example, the tenth indication information is realized through the first field), so as to instruct the next hop node to follow the flow detection.
  • the first field carried in the received third data message for example, the ninth indication information is realized through the first field
  • the terminal device performs flow-following according to the first field carried in the received third data message (for example, the ninth indication information is realized through the first field) Detect, and when sending the fourth data message to the next hop node, add the first field in the fourth data message (for example, the tenth indication information is realized through the first field), so as to instruct the next hop node to follow the flow detection.
  • the terminal device sends a request message to the control plane network element.
  • the request message may be a session establishment request message or a session modification message.
  • the request message sent by the terminal device may carry detection granularity indication information (for example, used to indicate the detection QoS granularity, or service flow granularity). If the request message carries detection granularity indication information, the request message may also carry a QoS flow identifier or a service flow identifier or other information capable of identifying a QoS flow/service flow.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic interaction diagram of a method 600 for detecting data streams according to another embodiment of the present application. It can be understood that the messages or information involved in the interaction process in FIG. 6 may be carried in existing messages or signaling, or may be newly defined messages or signaling, which is not specifically limited. As shown in FIG. 6, the method 600 includes:
  • the control plane network element (or the management plane network element) sends eighth instruction information to the access network device, where the eighth instruction information is used to instruct the access network device to perform follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device.
  • the access network device receives the eighth indication information from the control plane network element.
  • the eighth indication information may be carried in the detection request.
  • the eighth indication information may indicate that the access network device performs follow-up detection on the data stream of the terminal device.
  • the way of "displaying instructions" refers to: using the information element to instruct the access network equipment to perform follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal equipment.
  • the eighth indication information is implemented through the first field, and the first field may be an IFIT/IOAM indication or an IFIT/IOAM field.
  • the access network device performs follow-the-flow detection on the data flow of the terminal device according to the eighth indication information. In other words, the access network device activates or enables the function of flow detection according to the eighth indication information.
  • the data flow of the terminal device is a QoS flow
  • the eighth indication information includes an identifier of the QoS flow.
  • the access network device can perform follow-up detection on the QoS flow based on the identifier of the QoS flow, which can realize the detection of the granularity of the QoS flow.
  • the data flow of the terminal device is a service flow
  • the eighth indication information includes an identifier of the service flow.
  • the access network device can perform follow-up detection on the service flow based on the identifier of the service flow, which can realize the granularity detection of the service flow.
  • the access network device receives the eighth indication information, and performs follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device according to the eighth indication information.
  • the end-to-end user plane transmission positioning in the prior art is time-consuming and not accurate enough.
  • the method for detecting data flow in the embodiment of the present application can quickly locate user plane transmission.
  • the access network equipment can realize the conversion of fields in different protocol headers. For example, converting from an access network protocol packet to a GTPU protocol packet. Another example is converting from a GTPU protocol packet to an access network protocol packet. Another example is converting an access network protocol packet into an IPv6 packet or an IPv4 packet. Another example is converting from an IPv6 packet or an IPv4 packet to an access network protocol packet.
  • the access network device performs follow-up detection on the data stream of the terminal device according to the eighth indication information, including: the access network device receives the The fourth uplink data message, the fourth uplink data message includes a second detection rule, the second detection rule instructs the access network device to perform flow-based detection on the fourth uplink data message ; The access network device executes follow-up detection according to the second detection rule, and obtains an execution result.
  • the fourth uplink data packet carries sixth indication information
  • the sixth indication information is used to instruct the access network device to perform follow-up detection on the fourth uplink data packet.
  • the method further includes: the access network device generating third indication information, where the third indication information is used to instruct a user plane functional network element to perform follow-up detection; the access network device sending the The user plane functional network element sends a first uplink data packet, where the first uplink data packet carries the third indication information. Therefore, the access network device can perform follow-the-flow detection based on the second detection rule, and when sending an uplink data packet to the access network device, add third indication information in the uplink data packet to indicate that the user plane functional network element Perform follow-up detection.
  • the generation of the third indication information by the access network device may be based on the execution result, or may not depend on the execution result, which is not limited.
  • the first uplink data packet is an IPv6 packet, an IPv4 packet, an SRV6 packet, an Ethernet packet or a GTPU packet.
  • the IPv4 message adopts the enhanced IPv4 protocol (i.e. IPv4 enhanced), and the IPv4 message header can be carried out.
  • the enhanced IPv4 protocol can be represented by IPv4-en.
  • the fourth uplink data packet is an access network protocol packet.
  • the access network device receives the access network message of the terminal device, it performs follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device based on the first field in the access network message, and writes the first field into the GTPU protocol message , sending the GTPU protocol packet to the user plane functional network element. In this way, by writing the first field into the GTPU protocol message, the functional network element of the user plane can identify it.
  • the fourth uplink data message is used as the access network message
  • the first uplink data message is an IPv6 message or IPv4 message
  • the sixth indication information contained in the fourth uplink data message is implemented through the first field.
  • the access network device receives the access network packet of the terminal device, it performs follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device based on the first field in the access network packet, and writes the first field into the IPv6 packet.
  • the IPv6 packet or IPv4 packet is sent to the functional network element of the user plane. In this way, by writing the first field into the IPv6 message or the IPv4 message, the coordination of the cellular network and the transmission network can be realized.
  • the access network device may be an intermediate node or an uplink head node in uplink transmission, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the access network device may be an uplink head node.
  • the method further includes: an access network device receiving information about the third detection action, the third detection action being used for a data flow; the access network device receiving a fifth data packet; the The access network device performs the detection action indicated by the information of the third detection action on the fifth data packet of the data flow. That is to say, the access network device may also serve as an uplink first node to perform follow-up detection.
  • the third detection action reference may be made to the first detection action above, and details are not repeated here.
  • the fifth data packet is a fifth uplink data packet
  • the method further includes: the access network device generates a third detection rule according to the information of the third detection action ; Send the sixth uplink data message to the next hop node, the sixth uplink data message includes a third detection rule, and the third detection rule instructs the next hop node to follow the sixth uplink data message Actions for flow detection. That is to say, the access network device may also send detection rules to the next hop node when it serves as the uplink first node.
  • the method further includes: the access network device receives a second downlink data packet, the second downlink data packet includes the first detection rule, the first A detection rule instructs the access network to perform follow-up detection on the second downlink data packet; the access network device performs follow-up detection according to the second instruction information, and obtains an execution result.
  • the method further includes: the access network device generating sixth indication information, where the sixth indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform follow-up detection; the access network device sends to the terminal device A third downlink data packet, where the third downlink data packet includes seventh indication information, where the seventh indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform follow-up detection on the third downlink data packet. Therefore, the access network device may perform follow-up detection based on the first detection rule, and when sending a downlink data message to the terminal device, add seventh indication information to the downlink data message to instruct the terminal device to perform follow-up detection.
  • the access network device may generate the sixth indication information based on the execution result, or may not depend on the execution result, which is not limited.
  • the second downlink data packet is an IPv6 packet, an IPv4 packet, an SRV6 packet, an Ethernet packet or a GTPU protocol packet.
  • the third downlink data packet is an access network protocol packet.
  • the access network device After receiving the GTPU protocol packet from the user plane functional network element, the access network device The first field in the text detects the data flow of the terminal device along with the flow, writes the first field into the SDAP protocol message, and sends the SDAP protocol message to the terminal device. In this way, by writing the first field into the SDAP protocol message, the terminal device can identify the first field and perform follow-up detection based on the first field.
  • the access network device receives an IPv6 packet or an IPv4 packet from a user plane functional network element. After the message, based on the first field in the IPv6 message or IPv4 message, the data flow of the terminal device is detected with the flow, and the field is written into the access network protocol message, and the access network protocol message is sent to Terminal Equipment. In this way, by writing the first field into the access network protocol message, the terminal device can identify the first field and perform follow-up detection based on the first field.
  • the access network device may be an intermediate node or a downlink head node in downlink transmission, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the access network device may be a downlink head node.
  • the method further includes: the access network device receiving information about a fourth detection action, where the fourth detection action is used for data flow.
  • the access network device performs follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device, including: receiving the seventh data packet of the data flow; performing the detection action indicated by the information of the fourth detection action on the seventh data packet .
  • the seventh data packet is a seventh downlink data packet
  • the method further includes: the access network device generates a fourth detection rule according to the information of the first detection action; and sends the fourth detection rule to the next-hop node.
  • Eight downlink data packets the eighth downlink data packet includes the fourth detection rule, and the fourth detection rule instructs the next-hop node to perform follow-up detection on the eighth downlink data packet .
  • the next hop node may be a router, a switch, an access network device, or a user plane functional network element or other transmission node, which is not limited.
  • FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of an example of the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an example in which FIG. 4 , FIG. 5 or FIG. 6 above is applied to a session establishment process or a session modification process. This process can be applied to the architecture of the above example in Figure 3 above.
  • the method includes:
  • Step 1 pre-process.
  • the pre-process of step 0 refers to some pre-steps in the session establishment process or session modification process.
  • step 0 can be the same as steps 1-9 (TS 23.502 4.3.2.2.1) in the 5G PDU session establishment process, or steps 1-2 (TS 23.502 4.3.3.2, 2a) in the 5G PDU session modification process and 2b not completed).
  • the pre-process is not described here in detail. Certainly, the description here is only an example, and the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the steps of the pre-process in subsequent protocol versions may change, and the specific steps in a specific protocol version are not limited here.
  • the pre-process of step 0 can be adapted to forward compatibility with existing protocol versions, or can also be adapted to subsequent evolution or development of protocol versions.
  • step 1 the SMF network element activates the follow-up detection function between UE and UPF.
  • the SMF network element activates the follow-up detection function between UE-UPF according to the local configuration or the Authorized QoS Monitoring Policy sent by the PCF.
  • Step 2 the SMF sends the first indication information to the UPF.
  • the first indication information is used to instruct the UPF to activate the function of detecting the data flow of the terminal device along with the flow.
  • the first indication information (for example, IFIT/IOAM) is carried in an N4 message (for example, N4 Session Establishment/Modification Request).
  • N4 message for example, N4 Session Establishment/Modification Request
  • the SMF configures the forwarding rules of the UPF through the N4 message.
  • the N4 message also carries at least one of the following: information on processing actions (Actions for DL) for the downlink data flow, information on reporting events (Report Events), and QoS flow identification QFIs.
  • Step 2 is described by taking the SMF sending the first indication information to the UPF as an example.
  • the management network element may also send the first indication information to the UPF.
  • the management plane message carries at least one of the following: information on the processing actions (Actions for DL) for the downlink data flow, and report events (Report Events) Information, QoS Flow Identifier QFIs.
  • Actions for DL is used for UPF to generate the first field.
  • Actions for DL includes: dyeing, measuring delay, measuring packet loss rate, measuring disorder, measuring jitter, getting timestamp, getting queue depth, getting CPU load, getting queuing delay, getting buffer occupation, getting forwarding path, Obtain the receiving or sending port, report the obtained information, etc.
  • the information of the reported event is used to configure the trigger condition for reporting detection information.
  • Report Events including reporting frequency, measurement cycle, etc.
  • step 3 the UPF performs follow-up detection according to the first indication information.
  • the UPF receives information about the first detection action, and generates a first detection rule.
  • the UPF performs follow-up detection on the QoS flow identifier QFIs.
  • Step 4 UPF sends N4 response message (for example, N4Session Establishment/Modification Response) to SMF.
  • N4 response message for example, N4Session Establishment/Modification Response
  • step 5 the SMF sends the N1 message and the N2 message to the AMF.
  • SMF sends N1 SM Msg and N2 SM Msg through service message Namf_Communication_N1N2Message Transfer. After receiving it, the AMF sends the N2 SM Msg message to the RAN side through the N2 message, and sends the N1 SM Msg message to the UE side through the N1 message.
  • the N1 SM Msg includes information such as QoS flow identifiers QFIs, uplink QoS flow processing actions (Actions for UL), the first field, and report events (Report Events).
  • the N2 SM Msg includes information such as QoS flow identifiers QFIs, the first field, and report events (Report Events).
  • Step 6 AMF sends N2 message to RAN.
  • the N2 message includes eighth indication information, and the eighth indication information is used to instruct the RAN to perform follow-up detection.
  • the N2 message includes QoS flow identifiers QFIs.
  • Step 7 the RAN performs follow-up detection according to the eighth indication information.
  • the RAN configures reporting events based on the information.
  • Report Events information about reporting events
  • the RAN performs follow-up detection on the QoS flow identifiers QFIs.
  • Step 8 RAN sends N1 message to UE.
  • the N1 message includes fifth indication information.
  • the RAN side configures air interface side resources for the established or modified session/QoS flow, and sends the N1 SM Msg to the UE at the same time.
  • the content contained in the N1 SM Msg please refer to the description in step 5.
  • the N1 message includes QoS flow identifiers QFIs.
  • step 9 the UE activates the function of detection with flow according to the fifth indication information.
  • the UE configures the second detection rule according to the Actions for UL information.
  • the UE performs flow detection for the QoS flow identifier QFIs.
  • Step 10 RAN sends N2 response message to AMF.
  • the RAN responds to the air interface resource configuration result through the N2 PDU Session Response.
  • the air interface transmission channel between UE-RAN is established at this time, and the N3 uplink tunnel between RAN-UPF is established at the same time, and UE can send UL data packets.
  • step 11 the UE sends a first access network message to the RAN.
  • the UE executes the uplink processing action Actions for UL, and generates the first field according to the Actions for UL and the execution result (obtained detection information), and then writes the first field into the access network protocol header , generating a first access network packet.
  • the UE reports the execution result (obtained detection information) based on the event.
  • step 12 the RAN sends the first GTPU message to the UPF.
  • the RAN side When the RAN side receives the UL data message sent by the UE side, it executes a specific detection instruction according to the first field in the first access network message, and modifies the field or regenerates the first field according to the execution result, and then rewrites the into the GTPU protocol header to generate the first GTPU packet.
  • the RAN reports the execution result (obtained detection information) based on the event.
  • step 13 the UPF executes the detection instruction based on the first GTPU message, and generates a second GTPU message.
  • the UPF When the UPF receives the first GTPU message sent by the RAN side, it executes a specific detection instruction according to the first field in the first GTPU message, strips the field, and sends the second GTPU message to the DN through the N6 interface.
  • Steps 14-16 establishing a downlink transmission channel.
  • Steps 14-16 establishing a downlink transmission channel.
  • the SMF configures the N3 downlink channel between the RAN-UPF. After the completion, the N3 downlink transmission channel between the RAN-UPF is established. At this time, the UPF can send the DL data message to the UE.
  • Step 17 the UPF sends the third GTPU message to the RAN.
  • UPF When UPF sends a DL data message, UPF executes Actions for DL, and generates the first field according to Actions for DL and the execution result (obtained detection information), and then writes it into the GTPU protocol header; reports the execution result based on the event (obtained detection information) detection information).
  • Step 18 the RAN sends the second access network message to the UE.
  • the RAN side When the RAN side receives the third GTPU message sent by the UPF, it executes specific detection instructions according to the first field in the third GTPU message, and modifies the field or regenerates the first field according to the execution result, and then rewrites the received In the network access protocol header, a second access network message is generated.
  • the RAN reports the execution result (obtained detection information) based on the event.
  • Step 19 the UE performs follow-up detection based on the second access network message.
  • the UE After receiving the second access network message sent by the RAN side, the UE executes specific detection instructions according to the fields in the second access network message, and reports the execution result based on the event.
  • the detection of the Qos flow may be implemented in the process in FIG. 7 above.
  • each network element may report the detection result based on the event, and report the granularity of the QoS flow identifier QFIs.
  • the identifier of the service flow is Flow ID
  • the place in the process in Figure 7 above that involves QFIs can be replaced with Flow ID to realize the detection of the granularity of the service flow.
  • FIG. 8 shows a flow chart of another example of the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another example in which FIG. 4 , FIG. 5 or FIG. 6 above is applied to a session establishment process or a session modification process.
  • This process can be applied to the architecture of the example in the lower figure of Figure 3 above, that is, it can be applied to the scenario of cooperative detection between the transmission network and the cellular network.
  • the method includes:
  • step 0a the AF sends a detection request to the PCF.
  • the detection request includes a head and tail node indication, for example, an uplink first node indication, an uplink last node indication, a downlink first node indication, or a downlink end node indication.
  • a head and tail node indication for example, an uplink first node indication, an uplink last node indication, a downlink first node indication, or a downlink end node indication.
  • the UE is the first uplink node and the last downlink node
  • the UPF is the first downlink node and the last uplink node.
  • the detection request further includes a Flow ID and a packet filter corresponding to the Flow ID.
  • the detection policy includes the content received by the PCF from the AF.
  • Step 0c pre-process.
  • the pre-process of step 0c refers to some pre-steps in the session establishment process or session modification process.
  • the pre-process of step 0c can be the same as steps 1-9 (TS 23.502 4.3.2.2.1) in the 5G PDU session establishment process, or steps 1-2 (TS 23.502 4.3 .3.2, 2a and 2b have not been completed), and will not be repeated here.
  • steps 1-9 TS 23.502 4.3.2.2.1
  • steps 1-2 TS 23.502 4.3 .3.2, 2a and 2b have not been completed
  • steps of the pre-process in subsequent protocol versions may change, and the specific steps in a specific protocol version are not limited here.
  • the pre-process of step 0 can be adapted to forward compatibility with existing protocol versions, or can also be adapted to subsequent evolution or development of protocol versions.
  • step 1 the SMF network element activates the follow-up detection function between the UE and the UPF, and determines whether to deliver the detection action information for the data flow based on the indication of the head and tail nodes.
  • the SMF network element activates the flow detection function between UE-UPF according to the local configuration or the Authorized QoS Monitoring Policy sent by the PCF. In addition, the SMF determines whether to deliver the information of the detection action for the downlink data flow or the information of the detection action for the uplink data flow according to the indication of the head node or the indication of the tail node.
  • Step 2 the SMF sends the first indication information to the UPF.
  • the first indication information is used to instruct the UPF to activate the function of detecting the data flow of the terminal device along with the flow.
  • the first indication information (for example, IFIT/IOAM) is carried in an N4 message (for example, N4 Session Establishment/Modification Request).
  • N4 message for example, N4 Session Establishment/Modification Request
  • the N4 message further includes at least one of the following: information about reporting events, a packet filter corresponding to the Flow ID, and information about processing actions (Actions for DL) for the downlink data flow.
  • the SMF may also send first information to the UPF to indicate that the UPF is the downlink head node.
  • the SMF may also send second information to the UPF to indicate that the UPF is an uplink tail node.
  • step 3 the UPF performs follow-up detection according to the first indication information.
  • the UPF receives information about the first detection action (that is, the processing action for the downlink data flow), and generates the first detection rule.
  • the UPF performs follow-the-flow detection for the Flow ID.
  • Step 4 UPF sends N4 response message (for example, N4 Session Establishment/Modification Response) to SMF.
  • N4 response message for example, N4 Session Establishment/Modification Response
  • step 5 the SMF sends the N1 message and the N2 message to the AMF.
  • SMF sends N1 SM Msg and N2 SM Msg through service message Namf_Communication_N1N2Message Transfer. After receiving it, the AMF sends the N2 SM Msg message to the RAN side through the N2 message, and sends the N1 SM Msg message to the UE side through the N1 message.
  • the N1 SM Msg includes information such as Flow ID, uplink QoS flow processing actions (Actions for UL), first field, and report events (Report Events).
  • the N2 SM Msg includes information such as Flow ID, the first field, and report events (Report Events).
  • Step 6 AMF sends N2 message to RAN.
  • the N2 message includes eighth indication information, and the eighth indication information is used to instruct the RAN to perform follow-up detection.
  • the N2 message includes a Flow ID.
  • Step 7 the RAN performs follow-up detection according to the eighth indication information.
  • the RAN configures reporting events based on the information.
  • Report Events information about reporting events
  • the RAN performs follow-up detection for the Flow ID.
  • Step 8 RAN sends N1 message to UE.
  • the N1 message includes fifth indication information.
  • the RAN side configures air interface side resources for the established or modified session/service flow, and sends the N1 SM Msg to the UE at the same time.
  • the content contained in the N1 SM Msg please refer to the description in step 5.
  • the Flow ID is included in the N1 message.
  • the RAN may also send third information to the UE to indicate that the UE is an uplink head node.
  • the RAN may also send fourth information to the UE to indicate that the UE is a downlink tail node.
  • step 9 the UE activates the function of detection with flow according to the fifth indication information.
  • the UE configures the second detection rule according to the Actions for UL information.
  • the UE performs flow detection for the Flow ID.
  • Step 10 RAN sends N2 response message to AMF.
  • RAN responds to the air interface resource configuration result through N2 PDU Session Response.
  • the air interface transmission channel between UE-RAN is established at this time, and the N3 uplink tunnel between RAN-UPF is established at the same time, and UE can send UL data packets.
  • step 11 the UE sends a first access network message to the RAN.
  • the UE executes Actions for UL, and generates the first field according to the Actions for UL and the execution result (obtained detection information), and then writes the first field into the access network protocol header to generate the first field An access network packet.
  • the UE reports the execution result (obtained detection information) based on the event.
  • the UE writes the Flow ID corresponding to the packet filter in the QoS rules into the first field.
  • the RAN or UPF needs to convert the message into an IP protocol message (for example, an IPv6 protocol message or an IPv4-en protocol message) for transmission
  • IP protocol message for example, an IPv6 protocol message or an IPv4-en protocol message
  • the net can also obtain the first field, so as to realize cooperative detection.
  • Step 12 the RAN sends the first IP protocol message to the UPF.
  • the RAN side When the RAN side receives the UL data message sent by the UE side, execute a specific detection instruction according to the first field in the first access network message, and modify the first field or regenerate the first field according to the execution result, and then Rewrite into the IPv6 or IPv4-en protocol header to generate the first IP protocol packet.
  • the RAN reports the execution result (obtained detection information) based on the event.
  • step 13 the UPF executes a detection instruction based on the first IP protocol message, and generates a second IP protocol message.
  • the UPF When the UPF receives the first IP protocol message sent by the RAN side, it executes specific detection instructions according to the first field in the first IP protocol message, and strips the first field to generate a second IP protocol message, and finally converts the first IP protocol message
  • the second IP protocol message is sent to the DN through the N6 interface.
  • the SMF configures the N3 downlink channel between RAN-UPF. After the completion, the N3 downlink transmission channel between RAN-UPF is established. At this time, the UPF can send the DL data message to the UE.
  • Step 17 the UPF sends the third IP protocol message to the RAN.
  • UPF When UPF sends a DL data message, UPF executes Actions for DL, and generates the first field according to Actions for DL and the execution result (obtained detection information), and then writes it into the IP protocol header to generate the third IP protocol message. UPF reports execution results (acquired detection information) based on events.
  • the UPF is written into the first field according to the Flow ID corresponding to the packet filter in the PDR.
  • Step 18 the RAN sends the second access network message to the UE.
  • the RAN side When the RAN side receives the third IP protocol message sent by the UPF, execute a specific detection instruction according to the first field in the third IP protocol message, and modify the first field or regenerate the first field according to the execution result, and then Re-write into the access network protocol header to generate a second access network message.
  • the RAN reports the execution result (obtained detection information) based on the event.
  • step 19 the UE performs follow-up detection based on the access network packets.
  • the data flow in Figure 8 is a service flow
  • the identifier of the service flow is the global Flow ID, which is an identifier that can be identified by both the cellular network and the transmission network, so as to realize the coordinated detection of the cellular network and the transmission network.
  • the transmission network collaborative detection is the detection of the service flow granularity.
  • the execution result is reported based on the event, it can be reported at the granularity of the business flow.
  • sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes do not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of the processes should be determined by their functions and internal logic.
  • the various numerical numbers or serial numbers involved in the above-mentioned various processes are only for convenience of description, and shall not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiment of the present application.
  • each network element and device includes a corresponding hardware structure and/or software module for performing each function.
  • the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software in combination with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed herein. Whether a certain function is executed by hardware or computer software drives hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be regarded as exceeding the scope of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a corresponding device, and the device includes a corresponding module for executing the foregoing embodiment.
  • the modules may be software, or hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. It can be understood that the technical features described in the method embodiments are also applicable to the following device embodiments.
  • FIG. 9 shows an apparatus 1600 for detecting a data flow provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the apparatus 1600 includes: a transceiver unit 1610 and a processing unit 1620 .
  • the apparatus 1600 may be the user plane functional network element in the foregoing embodiments, or may be a chip in the user plane functional network element.
  • the apparatus 1600 can implement the steps or processes corresponding to the execution of the user plane functional network element in the above method embodiment, wherein the transceiver unit 1610 is used to perform operations related to the transmission and reception of the user plane functional network element in the above method embodiment,
  • the processing unit 1620 is configured to perform operations related to the processing of the user plane functional network element in the above method embodiments.
  • the transceiver unit 1610 is configured to receive first indication information from a session management network element, where the first indication information is used to instruct the user plane function network element to perform follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device.
  • the processing unit 1620 is configured to perform follow-up detection on the data stream of the terminal device according to the first indication information.
  • the device is a downlink head node, and the transceiver unit 1610 is further configured to receive information about a first detection action, the first detection action being used for the data flow; the processing unit 1620 is configured to The follow-up detection of the data flow of the terminal device includes: calling the transceiver unit 1610 to receive the first data packet of the data flow; performing the first detection action on the first data packet The indicated detection action.
  • the first data packet is a first downlink data packet
  • the processing unit 1620 is further configured to generate a first detection rule according to the information of the first detection action; call the transceiver unit 1610 Sending a second downlink data message to the next hop node, the second downlink data message includes the first detection rule, and the first detection rule indicates that the next hop node is responsible for the second downlink data message The action of performing follow-up detection on the text.
  • the second downlink data packet carries second indication information, and the second indication information is used to instruct the next-hop node to perform follow-up detection on the second downlink data packet.
  • the transceiving unit 1610 is further configured to receive first information from the session management network element, where the first information is used to indicate that the user plane functional network element is a downlink head node.
  • the second downlink data packet is an IPv6 packet, an IPv4 packet, an SRV6 packet, an Ethernet packet or a GTPU protocol packet.
  • the first data packet is a first uplink data packet.
  • the processing unit 1620 is configured to perform follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device, including: the first uplink data packet carries third indication information, and the third indication information is used to indicate the user plane function
  • the network element performs follow-up detection; the transceiver unit 1610 is invoked to send a second uplink data packet to the next-hop node, and the second uplink data packet does not include the third indication information.
  • the transceiving unit 1610 is further configured to receive second information from the session management network element, where the second information is used to indicate that the user plane functional network element is an uplink tail node.
  • the second uplink data packet is an IPv6 packet, an IPv4 packet, an SRV6 packet, an Ethernet packet or a GTPU protocol packet.
  • the first uplink data packet is an IPv6 packet, an IPv4 packet, an SRV6 packet, an Ethernet packet or a GTPU protocol packet.
  • the first data packet carries fourth indication information, and the fourth indication information is used to instruct the user plane functional network element to perform follow-up detection on the first data packet; the transceiver unit 1610 is further configured to send a second data packet to the next-hop node, where the second data packet carries fifth indication information, and the fifth indication information is used to instruct the next-hop node to Packets are checked with the flow.
  • the data flow is a quality of service flow
  • the first indication information includes an identifier of the QoS flow.
  • the data flow is a service flow
  • the first indication information includes an identifier of the service flow
  • the apparatus 1600 may be the terminal device in the foregoing embodiments, or may be a chip in the terminal device.
  • the apparatus 1600 can implement the steps or procedures corresponding to the execution of the terminal device in the above method embodiment, wherein the transceiver unit 1610 is used to perform operations related to the sending and receiving of the terminal device in the above method embodiment, and the processing unit 1620 is used to perform Operations related to the processing of the terminal device in the above method embodiments.
  • the transceiving unit 1610 is configured to receive fifth indication information from a session management network element, where the fifth indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform follow-up detection on the data stream of the terminal device.
  • the processing unit 1620 is configured to perform follow-up detection on the data stream of the terminal device according to the fifth indication information.
  • the transceiving unit 1610 is further configured to receive information about a second detection action, where the second detection action is used for data flow.
  • the processing unit 1620 is configured to perform follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device, including: receiving a third data packet of the data flow; and executing the third data packet of the data flow. 2. The detection action indicated by the information of the detection action.
  • the third data packet is a third uplink data packet
  • the processing unit 1620 is further configured to generate a second detection rule according to the information of the second detection action; call the transceiver unit 1610 to The access network device sends a fourth uplink data packet, where the fourth uplink data packet includes a second detection rule, and the second detection rule instructs the access network device to perform random detection on the fourth uplink data packet. Actions for flow detection.
  • the fourth uplink data packet carries sixth indication information
  • the sixth indication information is used to instruct the access network device to perform follow-up detection on the fourth uplink data packet.
  • the transceiving unit 1610 is further configured to receive third information from the session management network element, where the third information is used to indicate that the terminal device is an uplink head node.
  • the third data packet is a third downlink data packet; the processing unit 1620 is configured to perform follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device, including: the third downlink data packet includes Seventh indication information, where the seventh indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform follow-up detection on the third downlink data packet; perform follow-up detection on the third downlink data message according to the seventh indication information flow detection.
  • the transceiving unit 1610 is further configured to receive fourth information from the session management network element, where the fourth information is used to indicate that the terminal device is a downlink tail node.
  • the data flow is a quality of service flow
  • the fifth indication information includes a quality of service QoS flow identifier
  • the data flow is a service flow
  • the fifth indication information includes an identifier of the service flow
  • the apparatus 1600 may be the access network device in the foregoing embodiments, or may be a chip in the access network device.
  • the apparatus 1600 can implement the steps or processes corresponding to the execution of the access network equipment in the above method embodiments, wherein the transceiver unit 1610 is used to perform operations related to the transmission and reception of the access network equipment in the above method embodiments, and the processing unit Step 1620 is configured to perform operations related to the processing of the access network device in the above method embodiments.
  • the transceiver unit 1610 is configured to receive eighth instruction information from the session management network element, where the eighth instruction information is used to instruct the access network device to perform follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device.
  • the processing unit 1620 is configured to perform follow-up detection on the data stream of the terminal device according to the eighth indication information.
  • the processing unit 1620 is configured to perform follow-up detection on the data stream of the terminal device according to the eighth indication information, including: invoking the transceiver unit 1610 to receive the data stream from the terminal device A fourth uplink data message, where the fourth uplink data message includes a second detection rule, and the second detection rule instructs the access network device to perform follow-up detection on the fourth uplink data message; Perform follow-up detection according to the second detection rule to obtain an execution result; generate third indication information based on the execution result, and the third indication information is used to instruct the user plane functional network element to perform follow-up detection; call the sending and receiving Unit 1610 sends a first uplink data packet to the user plane functional network element, where the first uplink data packet carries the third indication information.
  • the first uplink data packet is an IPv6 packet, an IPv4 packet, an SRV6 packet, an Ethernet packet, or a Packet Radio Service Technology User Plane Tunneling Protocol GTPU packet.
  • the fourth uplink data packet is an access network protocol packet.
  • the transceiver unit 1610 is further configured to receive a second downlink data packet, the second downlink data packet includes the first detection rule, and the first detection rule indicates that the The access network performs follow-up detection on the second downlink data packet; the processing unit 1620 is further configured to perform follow-up detection according to the second indication information, and obtain an execution result.
  • the processing unit 1620 is further configured to generate sixth indication information, where the sixth indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform follow-up detection; the transceiver unit 1610 is further configured to send the sixth indication information to the terminal device.
  • the third downlink data packet includes seventh indication information, and the seventh indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform follow-up detection on the third downlink data packet.
  • the second downlink data packet is an IPv6 packet, an IPv4 packet, an SRV6 packet, an Ethernet packet, or a Packet Radio Service Technology User Plane Tunneling Protocol GTPU packet.
  • the third downlink data packet is an access network protocol packet.
  • the apparatus 1600 may be the control plane network element in the foregoing embodiments, or may be a chip in the control plane network element.
  • the device 1600 can implement the steps or processes corresponding to the execution of the control plane network element in the above method embodiment, wherein the transceiver unit 1610 is used to perform operations related to the transmission and reception of the control plane network element in the above method embodiment, and the processing unit Step 1620 is used to perform operations related to the processing of the control plane network element in the above method embodiments.
  • the processing unit 1620 is configured to generate first instruction information, and the first instruction information is used to instruct the user plane functional network element to perform follow-up detection on the data flow of the terminal device; the transceiver unit 1610 is configured to send the user The plane network element sends the first indication information.
  • the transceiving unit 1610 is further configured to receive the identifier of the data flow from an application function network element or a network manager.
  • the transceiving unit 1610 is further configured to send information about a first detection action to the user plane functional network element, where the first detection action is used for downlink data flow.
  • the transceiving unit 1610 is further configured to send first information to the user plane functional network element, where the first information is used to indicate that the user plane functional network element is a downlink head node.
  • the transceiving unit 1610 is further configured to send second information to the user plane functional network element, where the second information is used to indicate that the user plane functional network element is an uplink tail node.
  • the processing unit 1620 is configured to generate fifth indication information, where the fifth indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform follow-up detection on the data stream of the terminal device; the transceiver unit 1610 is configured to send the terminal device The device sends fifth indication information.
  • the transceiving unit 1610 is further configured to send information about a second detection action to the terminal device, where the second detection action is used for an uplink data flow.
  • the transceiving unit 1610 is further configured to send third information to the terminal device, where the third information is used to indicate that the terminal device is an uplink head node.
  • the transceiving unit 1610 is further configured to send fourth information to the terminal device, where the fourth information is used to indicate that the terminal device is a downlink tail node.
  • the data flow is a QoS flow
  • the first indication information includes the identifier of the QoS flow
  • the fifth indication information includes the identifier of the QoS flow
  • the data flow is a service flow
  • the first indication information includes the identifier of the service flow
  • the fifth indication information includes the identifier of the QoS flow.
  • the apparatus 1600 may be the network element of the management plane in the foregoing embodiments, or may be a chip in the network element of the management plane.
  • the device 1600 can implement the steps or processes corresponding to the execution of the management plane network element in the above method embodiment, wherein the transceiver unit 1610 is used to perform operations related to the transmission and reception of the management plane network element in the above method embodiment, and the processing unit Step 1620 is used to perform operations related to the processing of the network element on the management plane in the method embodiments above.
  • the steps or processes performed by the transceiver unit 1610 and the processing unit 1620 can refer to the description of the device 1600 as a network element of the control plane, and details are not repeated here.
  • the apparatus 1600 here is embodied in the form of functional units.
  • the term "unit” here may refer to an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an electronic circuit, a processor for executing one or more software or firmware programs (such as a shared processor, a dedicated processor, or a group processor, etc.) and memory, incorporated logic, and/or other suitable components to support the described functionality.
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • processor for executing one or more software or firmware programs
  • memory incorporated logic, and/or other suitable components to support the described functionality.
  • the device 1600 may specifically be the user plane functional network element in the above-mentioned embodiment, and may be used to execute various processes and procedures corresponding to the user plane functional network element in the above-mentioned method embodiment.
  • the apparatus 1600 may be specifically the terminal device in the above-mentioned embodiment, and may be used to execute various processes and/or steps corresponding to the terminal device in the above-mentioned method embodiment, or, the apparatus 1600 may be specifically the above-mentioned embodiment
  • the access network device in the above method embodiment can be used to execute the various processes and/or steps corresponding to the access network device in the above method embodiment, or, the device 1600 can be specifically the control plane network element (such as policy control A functional network element or a session management network element) may be used to execute each process and/or step corresponding to the control plane network element in the above method embodiment, and to avoid repetition, details are not repeated here.
  • the control plane network element such as policy control A functional network element or a session management network element
  • the apparatus 1600 in each of the above solutions has the function of implementing the corresponding steps performed by the user plane function network element in the above method, or the apparatus 1600 in the above various solutions has the function of implementing the corresponding steps performed by the terminal device in the above method, or, the above
  • the apparatus 1600 of each solution has the function of implementing the corresponding steps performed by the access network equipment in the above method, or, the apparatus 1600 of the above various solutions has the function of implementing the control plane network element (such as a policy control function network element or a session management network element) in the above method.
  • the function of the corresponding step performed by the unit The functions described above may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by executing corresponding software on the hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions; for example, the transceiver unit can be replaced by a transceiver (for example, the sending unit in the transceiver unit can be replaced by a transmitter, and the receiving unit in the transceiver unit can be replaced by a receiver computer), and other units, such as a processing unit, may be replaced by a processor to respectively perform the sending and receiving operations and related processing operations in each method embodiment.
  • a transceiver for example, the sending unit in the transceiver unit can be replaced by a transmitter, and the receiving unit in the transceiver unit can be replaced by a receiver computer
  • other units such as a processing unit, may be replaced by a processor to respectively perform the sending and receiving operations and related processing operations in each method embodiment.
  • the above-mentioned transceiver unit may also be a transceiver circuit (for example, may include a receiving circuit and a sending circuit), and the processing unit may be a processing circuit.
  • the device in FIG. 9 may be the network element or device in the foregoing embodiments, or may be a chip or a chip system, such as a system on chip (system on chip, SoC).
  • the transceiver unit may be an input-output circuit or a communication interface; the processing unit is a processor or a microprocessor or an integrated circuit integrated on the chip. It is not limited here.
  • FIG. 10 shows another device 1700 for detecting data streams provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the apparatus 1700 includes a processor 1710 and a transceiver 1720 .
  • the processor 1710 and the transceiver 1720 communicate with each other through an internal connection path, and the processor 1710 is used to execute instructions to control the transceiver 1720 to send signals and/or receive signals.
  • the apparatus 1700 may further include a memory 1730, and the memory 1730 communicates with the processor 1710 and the transceiver 1720 through an internal connection path.
  • the memory 1730 is used to store instructions, and the processor 1710 can execute the instructions stored in the memory 1730 .
  • the apparatus 1700 is configured to implement various processes and steps corresponding to the user plane functional network element in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the apparatus 1700 is configured to implement various processes and steps corresponding to the terminal device in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the apparatus 1700 is configured to implement various processes and steps corresponding to the access network device in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the apparatus 1700 is configured to implement various processes and steps corresponding to a control plane network element (such as a policy control function network element or a session management network element) in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • a control plane network element such as a policy control function network element or a session management network element
  • the apparatus 1700 may specifically be a user plane functional network element, a terminal device, an access network device, or a control plane network element (such as a policy control functional network element or a session management network element) in the foregoing embodiments, or may be a chip or system on a chip.
  • the transceiver 1720 may be a transceiver circuit of the chip, which is not limited here.
  • the apparatus 1700 can be used to execute each of the above method embodiments corresponding to the user plane function network element, terminal device, access network device, or control plane network element (such as a policy control function network element or a session management network element). steps and/or processes.
  • the memory 1730 may include read-only memory and random-access memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor.
  • a portion of the memory may also include non-volatile random access memory.
  • the memory may also store device type information.
  • the processor 1710 can be used to execute the instructions stored in the memory, and when the processor 1710 executes the instructions stored in the memory, the processor 1710 can be used to execute the above user plane functions network elements, terminal equipment, access network equipment Or various steps and/or processes of the method embodiments corresponding to a control plane network element (such as a policy control function network element or a session management network element).
  • a control plane network element such as a policy control function network element or a session management network element.
  • each step of the above method can be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor or an instruction in the form of software.
  • the steps of the methods disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, register.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory, and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware. To avoid repetition, no detailed description is given here.
  • the processor in the embodiment of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip, which has a signal processing capability.
  • each step of the above-mentioned method embodiments may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor or instructions in the form of software.
  • the above-mentioned processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components .
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field-programmable gate array
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor, or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, register.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory, and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memories.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically programmable Erases programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory.
  • RAM random access memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SLDRAM direct memory bus random access memory
  • direct rambus RAM direct rambus RAM
  • the present application also provides a computer program product, the computer program product including: computer program code, when the computer program code is run on the computer, the computer is made to execute the computer program described in Fig. 4 to Fig. 8 .
  • a user plane functional network element when the computer program code is run on the computer, the computer is made to execute the computer program described in Fig. 4 to Fig. 8 .
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores program codes, and when the program codes are run on a computer, the computer is made to execute
  • a user plane functional network element a terminal device, an access network device or a control plane network element (such as a policy control functional network element or a session management network element).
  • the present application also provides a communication system, which includes the aforementioned user plane functional network element, terminal equipment, access network equipment, or control plane network element (such as policy control functional network element or session management network element) network element).
  • a communication system which includes the aforementioned user plane functional network element, terminal equipment, access network equipment, or control plane network element (such as policy control functional network element or session management network element) network element).
  • At least one herein means one or more, and “multiple” means two or more.
  • “And/or” describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there may be three types of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, where A, B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the contextual objects are an “or” relationship.
  • “At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items.
  • At least one (one) of a, b and c may represent: a, or b, or c, or a and b, or a and c, or b and c, or a, b and c, wherein a, b, c can be single or multiple.
  • a component may be, but is not limited to being, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program, and/or a computer.
  • an application running on a computing device and the computing device can be components.
  • One or more components can reside within a process and/or thread of execution and a component can be localized on one computer and/or distributed between two or more computers.
  • these components can execute from various computer readable storage media having various data structures stored thereon.
  • a component may, for example, be based on a signal having one or more packets of data (e.g., data from two components interacting with another component between a local system, a distributed system, and/or a network, such as the Internet via a signal interacting with other systems). Communicate through local and/or remote processes.
  • packets of data e.g., data from two components interacting with another component between a local system, a distributed system, and/or a network, such as the Internet via a signal interacting with other systems.
  • the disclosed systems, devices and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components can be combined or May be integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions described above are realized in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disc and other media that can store program codes. .

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种检测数据流的方法及装置，能够快速定位用户面传输，还能够提升数据面信息获取的精准性。该方法包括：用户面功能网元通过接收第一指示信息，并根据第一指示信息对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。这样，基于真实数据报文检测，不需要额外模拟数据流量，检测结果更及时和准确。

Description

检测数据流的方法及装置
本申请要求于2021年07月16日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110805511.0、申请名称为“检测数据流的方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，并且，更具体地，涉及一种检测数据流的方法及装置。
背景技术
当前蜂窝网络了定义了针对服务质量(quality of service，QoS)流的检测技术，但是当前的检测技术无法做到用户面节点的自主检测。另外，当前检测技术中端到端的用户面传输定位比较耗时，不够准确。如何实现用户面节点的自主检测成为亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请提供了一种检测数据流的方法及装置，能够快速定位用户面传输。
第一方面，提供了一种检测数据流的方法，包括：用户面功能网元(或用户面功能网元中的芯片)接收来自会话管理网元的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测；根据所述第一指示信息，对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。相比于现有技术，本申请实施例的检测数据流的方法，用户面功能网元基于第一指示信息进行随流检测，能够快速定位用户面传输，还能够提升数据面信息获取的精准性。
“检测”可以替换为“监控”、“监测”等。
“随流检测”可以包括以下中的一项或多项：基于实时业务流量识别异常，基于真实的用户流量进行检测、实现逐包的检测、获取更加全面的数据面信息。这样，能够提升数据面信息获取的全面性、及时性和准确性。
用户面功能网元在检测监控网络(比如，传输网和/或蜂窝网组成的网络)中有可能是下行的首节点，也有可能是上行的尾节点，也有可能是中间节点。
作为一种可能的实现方式，所述用户面功能网元为下行的首节点。
可选地，所述方法还包括：所述用户面功能网元接收第一检测动作的信息，所述第一检测动作用于数据流(包括上行数据流和下行数据流)；接收所述数据流的第一数据报文(第一数据报文可以是第一上行数据报文，也可以是第一下行数据报文)；对所述第一数据报文执行所述第一检测动作的信息所指示的检测动作。
可选地，所述第一数据报文是第一下行数据报文，所述方法还包括：用户面功能网元根据所述第一检测动作的信息，生成第一检测规则；向下一跳节点发送第二下行数据报文，所述第二下行数据报文包括所述第一检测规则，所述第一检测规则指示所述下一跳节点对 所述第二下行数据报文进行随流检测的动作。第一检测规则用于通知处理动作，所述处理动作以下内容中的一项或多项：染色、测量时延、测量丢包率、测量乱序、测量抖动、获取时间戳、获取队列深度、获取CPU负载、获取排队时延、获取缓冲占用、获取转发路径、获取接收或者发送端口、上报获取的信息等。应理解，所述处理动作包含的内容只是示例性地描述，本申请并不限于此。下一跳节点可以是路由器，交换机，接入网设备，或者其他用户面功能网元或其他传输节点，对此不作限定。
也就是说，所述用户面功能网元为下行的首节点时，除了按照第一检测动作的信息进行随流检测，还需要告知下一跳节点第一检测规则，以便下一跳节点也作随流检测。
可选地，所述第二下行数据报文携带第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述下一跳节点对所述第二下行数据报文进行随流检测。
可选地，所述方法还包括：所述用户面功能网元接收来自所述会话管理网元的第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元为下行的首节点。因此，用户面功能网元可以通过第一信息得知自己为下行的首节点。
可选地，所述第二下行数据报文为IPv6报文或者IPv4报文、SRV6报文、以太报文或者GTPU协议报文。其中，IPv4报文是增强的IPv4协议，IPv4报文头可以进行拓展，这里采用IPv4-en表示(IPv4 enhanced)。
作为一种可能的实现方式，用户面功能网元为上行的尾节点。所述第一数据报文是第一上行数据报文；所述用户面功能网元对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，包括：所述第一上行数据报文携带第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元进行随流检测；所述用户面功能网元根据所述第三指示信息进行随流检测；所述用户面功能网元向下一跳节点发送第二上行数据报文，所述第二上行数据报文中不包括所述第三指示信息。因此，当用户面功能网元是上行的尾节点时，用户面功能网元需要将第三指示信息剥离，即不需要向下一跳节点发送第三指示信息。
可选地，所述方法还包括：所述用户面功能网元接收来自所述会话管理网元的第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元为上行的尾节点。因此，用户面功能网元可以通过会话管理网元的指示得知自己是否为上行的尾节点。
可选地，所述第一上行数据报文为IPv6报文、IPv4报文、SRV6报文、以太报文或者GTPU协议报文。IPv4报文的解释参见上文，这里不作赘述。
可选地，所述第二上行数据报文为IPv6报文、IPv4报文、SRV6报文、以太报文或者GTPU协议报文。
作为一种可能的实现方式，用户面功能网元为中间节点，所述第一数据报文携带第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元对所述第一数据报文进行随流检测。所述用户面功能网元对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，包括：所述用户面功能网元根据所述第四指示信息对所述第一数据报文进行随流检测；向下一跳节点发送第二数据报文，所述第二数据报文携带第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示所述下一跳节点对所述第二数据报文进行随流检测。相比于用户面功能网元为上行的尾节点的实现方式，在该实现方式中用户面功能网元无需对数据报文中的第五指示信息(或者说检测字段)进行剥离。
中间节点可以理解为支持随流检测技术(比如IFIT/IOAM协议)的节点中除去终结 节点以及起始节点以外的节点。
第二方面，提供了一种检测数据流的方法，包括：终端设备(或终端设备中的芯片)接收来自会话管理网元的第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示所述终端设备对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测；根据所述第五指示信息，对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。相比于现有技术，本申请实施例的检测数据流的方法，终端设备能够基于指示进行随流检测，能够快速定位用户面传输。
可选地，所述方法还包括：所述终端设备接收第二检测动作的信息，所述第二检测动作用于数据流(包括上行数据流和下行数据流)；所述终端设备对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，包括：所述终端设备对所述数据流的第三数据报文(这里不限定第三数据报文是下行还是上行，第三数据报文可以是第三上行数据报文，也可以是第三下行数据报文)，执行所述第二检测动作的信息所指示的检测动作。
作为一种可能的实现方式，终端设备为上行的首节点。所述第三数据报文是第三上行数据报文，所述方法还包括：终端设备根据所述第二检测动作的信息，生成第二检测规则；向接入网设备发送第四上行数据报文，所述第四上行数据报文包括第二检测规则，所述第二检测规则指示所述接入网设备对所述第四上行数据报文进行随流检测的动作。也就是说，终端设备为上行首节点时，除了自己进行随流检测以外，还可以在上行数据报文中增加指示，以便指示接入网设备进行随流检测。
第二检测规则用于通知处理动作，所述处理动作以下内容中的一项或多项：染色、测量时延、测量丢包率、测量乱序、测量抖动、获取时间戳、获取队列深度、获取CPU负载、获取排队时延、获取缓冲占用、获取转发路径、获取接收或者发送端口、上报获取的信息等。应理解，所述处理动作包含的内容只是示例性地描述，本申请并不限于此。
可选地，所述第四上行数据报文携带第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述接入网设备对所述第四上行数据报文进行随流检测。
可选地，所述方法还包括：所述终端设备接收来自所述会话管理网元的第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示所述终端设备为上行的首节点。因此，终端设备可以通过会话管理网元的指示得知自己是否为上行的首节点。
可选地，所述第四上行数据报文为接入网协议报文，比如，SDAP报文。
作为一种可能的实现方式，所述终端设备为下行的尾节点。所述第三数据报文是第三下行数据报文；所述第三下行数据报文包括第七指示信息，所述第七指示信息用于指示所述终端设备对所述第三下行数据报文进行随流检测；所述终端设备根据所述第七指示信息对所述第三下行数据报文进行随流检测。
可选地，所述方法还包括：所述终端设备接收来自所述会话管理网元的第四信息，所述第四信息用于指示所述终端设备为下行的尾节点。因此，终端设备通过会话管理网元发送的第四信息，可以得知自己为下行的尾节点。
可选地，所述第三下行数据报文为接入网协议报文，比如，SDAP报文。
作为一种可能的实现方式，终端设备为中间节点，比如，终端设备为5G UE/CPE。所述第三数据报文携带第九指示信息，所述第九指示信息用于指示所述终端设备对所述第三数据报文进行随流检测；所述终端设备根据所述第九指示信息对所述第三数据报文进行随流检测；所述终端设备向下一跳节点发送第四数据报文，所述第四数据报文携带第十指示 信息，所述第十指示信息用于指示所述下一跳节点对所述第四数据报文进行随流检测。也就是说，终端设备为中间节点时，除了自己进行随流检测以外，还可以在数据报文中增加指示，以便指示下一跳节点进行随流检测。
第三方面，提供了一种检测数据流的方法，包括：接入网设备(或接入网设备中的芯片)接收来自会话管理网元的第八指示信息，所述第八指示信息用于指示所述接入网设备对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测；根据所述第八指示信息，对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。相比于现有技术，本申请实施例的检测数据流的方法，接入网设备能够基于指示进行随流检测，能够快速定位用户面传输。会话管理网元通过第八指示信息激活接入网设备的随流检测功能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在上行传输中，所述接入网设备根据所述第八指示信息，对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，包括：所述接入网设备接收来自终端设备的第四上行数据报文，所述第四上行数据报文包括第二检测规则，所述第二检测规则指示所述接入网设备对所述第四上行数据报文进行随流检测的动作；所述接入网设备根据所述第二检测规则执行随流检测，获得执行结果。
可选地，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备生成第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示用户面功能网元进行随流检测；所述接入网设备向所述用户面功能网元发送第一上行数据报文，所述第一上行数据报文携带所述第三指示信息。因此，接入网设备可以基于第二检测规则执行随流检测，并在向接入网设备发送上行数据报文时，在上行数据报文中增加第三指示信息，以指示用户面功能网元进行随流检测。
接入网设备生成第三指示信息可以基于所述执行结果，也可以不依赖于所述执行结果，本申请对此不作限定。
可选地，所述第一上行数据报文为IPv6报文、IPv4报文、SRV6报文、以太报文或者GTPU协议报文。
可选地，所述第四上行数据报文为接入网协议报文。
当然，所述接入网设备在上行传输中可以为中间节点，也可以作为上行首节点，本申请对此不作具体限定。
作为一种可能的实现方式，所述接入网设备可以为上行首节点。
当接入网设备作为上行首节点时，其行为与终端设备作为上行首节点的行为类似。可选地，所述方法还包括：接入网设备接收所述第三检测动作的信息，所述第三检测动作用于数据流；所述接入网设备接收第五数据报文；所述接入网设备对所述数据流的第五数据报文，执行所述第三检测动作的信息所指示的检测动作。也就是说，接入网设备也可以作为上行首节点执行随流检测。
与终端设备侧类似，可选地，所述第五数据报文是第五上行数据报文，所述方法还包括：接入网设备根据所述第三检测动作的信息，生成第三检测规则；向下一跳节点发送第六上行数据报文，所述第六上行数据报文包括第三检测规则，所述第三检测规则指示下一跳节点对所述第六上行数据报文进行随流检测的动作。也就是说，接入网设备在作为上行首节点时，也可以向下一跳节点发送检测规则。所述第三检测规则用于通知处理动作，所述处理动作以下内容中的一项或多项：染色、测量时延、测量丢包率、测量乱序、测量抖动、获取时间戳、获取队列深度、获取CPU负载、获取排队时延、获取缓冲占用、获取 转发路径、获取接收或者发送端口、上报获取的信息等。应理解，所述处理动作包含的内容只是示例性地描述，本申请并不限于此。下一跳节点可以是路由器，交换机，接入网设备，或者其他用户面功能网元或其他传输节点，对此不作限定。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在下行传输中，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备接收第二下行数据报文，所述第二下行数据报文包括所述第一检测规则，所述第一检测规则指示所述接入网对所述第二下行数据报文进行随流检测的动作；所述接入网设备根据所述第二指示信息执行随流检测，获得执行结果；所述接入网设备基于所述执行结果确定第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示终端设备进行随流检测；所述接入网设备向所述终端设备发送第三下行数据报文，所述第三下行数据报文包括第七指示信息，所述第七指示信息用于指示所述终端设备对所述第三下行数据报文进行随流检测。因此，接入网设备可以基于第一检测规则执行随流检测，并在向终端设备发送下行数据报文时，在下行数据报文中增加第七指示信息，以指示终端设备进行随流检测。
可选地，所述第二下行数据报文为IPv6报文、IPv4报文、SRV6报文、以太报文或者GTPU协议报文。
可选地，所述第三下行数据报文为接入网协议报文。
当然，所述接入网设备在下行传输中可以为中间节点，也可以作为下行首节点，本申请对此不作具体限定。
作为一种可能的实现方式，所述接入网设备可以为下行首节点。
当接入网设备作为下行首节点时，其行为与用户面功能网元作为下行首节点的行为类似。可选地，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备接收第四检测动作的信息，所述第四检测动作用于数据流。其中，接入网设备对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，包括：接收数据流的第七数据报文；对该第七数据报文执行所述第四检测动作的信息所指示的检测动作。
可选地，所述第七数据报文是第七下行数据报文，所述方法还包括：接入网设备根据第四检测动作的信息，生成第四检测规则；向下一跳节点发送第八下行数据报文，所述第八下行数据报文包括所述第四检测规则，所述第四检测规则指示所述下一跳节点对所述第八下行数据报文进行随流检测的动作。
第四检测规则用于向下一跳节点通知处理动作，所述处理动作以下内容中的一项或多项：染色、测量时延、测量丢包率、测量乱序、测量抖动、获取时间戳、获取队列深度、获取CPU负载、获取排队时延、获取缓冲占用、获取转发路径、获取接收或者发送端口、上报获取的信息等。应理解，所述处理动作包含的内容只是示例性地描述，本申请并不限于此。下一跳节点可以是路由器，交换机，接入网设备，或者其他用户面功能网元或其他传输节点，对此不作限定。
第四方面，提供了一种检测数据流的方法，包括：控制面网元(或控制面网元中的芯片)生成第一指示信息，并向用户面网元发送所述第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。相比于现有技术，本申请实施例的检测数据流的方法，控制面网元通过向用户面功能网元发送第一指示信息，以便用户面功能网元基于第一指示信息进行随流检测，并向终端设备发送第五指示信息，以便终端设备基于第五指示信息进行随流检测，能够快速定位用户面传输，还能够提升数据面信息获取的精准性。
上述控制面网元可以替换为管理面网元(比如，OAM)。作为另一种实现方式，管理面网元可以向用户面网元发送第一指示信息。
控制面网元可以为会话管理网元(比如，SMF)或策略控制功能网元(比如，PCF)。
可选地，所述方法还包括：控制面网元从应用功能网元或网管接收所述数据流的标识。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：控制面网元向所述用户面功能网元发送第一检测动作的信息，所述第一检测动作用于数据流(包括上行数据流和下行数据流)。
可选地，所述方法还包括：控制面网元向所述用户面功能网元发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元为下行的首节点。这样，使得用户面功能网元向下一跳节点告知第一检测规则，以便下一跳节点也作随流检测。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：控制面网元向所述用户面功能网元发送第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元为上行的尾节点。这样，使得用户面功能网元决定在向下一跳节点发送上行数据报文时，剥离第三指示信息。
第五方面，提供了一种检测数据流的方法，包括：控制面网元(或控制面网元中的芯片)生成第五指示信息，并向终端设备发送所述第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示所述终端设备对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。相比于现有技术，本申请实施例的检测数据流的方法，控制面网元通过向终端设备发送第五指示信息，以便终端设备基于第五指示信息进行随流检测，能够快速定位用户面传输，还能够提升数据面信息获取的精准性。
上述控制面网元可以替换为管理面网元(比如，OAM)。作为另一种实现方式，管理面网元可以向终端设备发送第五指示信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：控制面网元向所述终端设备发送第二检测动作的信息，所述第二检测动作用于上行数据流。
可选地，所述方法还包括：控制面网元向所述终端设备发送第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示所述终端设备为上行的首节点。这样，使得终端设备在向接入网设备发送上行数据报文时在上行数据报文中增加指示，以便指示接入网设备进行随流检测。
可选地，所述方法还包括：控制面网元向所述终端设备发送第四信息，所述第四信息用于指示所述终端设备为下行的尾节点。
在上述第一方面至第五方面中，所述数据流可以为服务质量流QoS，这样，能够实现QoS粒度的随流检测。相应的，所述第一指示信息包括所述QoS流的标识，以便用户面功能网元实现QoS粒度的随流检测。所述第五指示信息包括所述QoS流的标识，以便终端设备实现QoS粒度的随流检测。
在上述第一方面至第五方面中，所述数据流为业务流，这样，能够实现业务流粒度的随流检测。相应的，所述第一指示信息包括所述业务流的标识，以便用户面功能网元实现业务流粒度的随流检测。相应的，所述第五指示信息包括所述业务流的标识，以便终端设备实现业务流粒度的随流检测。
可选地，所述业务流的标识可以是传输网与蜂窝网均可以识别的标识，以便实现传输网与蜂窝网协同检测。
第六方面，提供了一种检测业务流的装置，包括用于执行第一方面至第五方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法的各个模块或单元。
第七方面，提供了一种检测业务流的装置，包括处理器。该处理器与存储器耦合，可用于执行存储器中的指令或者数据，以实现上述第一方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法。可选地，该装置还包括存储器。可选地，该装置还包括通信接口，处理器与通信接口耦合。
在一种实现方式中，该装置为用户面功能网元。当该通信装置为用户面功能网元时，所述通信接口可以是收发器，或，输入/输出接口。
在另一种实现方式中，该装置为配置于用户面功能网元中的芯片。当该通信装置为配置于用户面功能网元中的芯片时，所述通信接口可以是输入/输出接口。
可选地，所述收发器可以为收发电路。可选地，所述输入/输出接口可以为输入/输出电路。
第八方面，提供了一种检测业务流的装置，包括处理器。该处理器与存储器耦合，可用于执行存储器中的指令或者数据，以实现上述第二方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法。可选地，该装置还包括存储器。可选地，该装置还包括通信接口，处理器与通信接口耦合。
在一种实现方式中，该装置为终端设备。当该通信装置为终端设备时，所述通信接口可以是收发器，或，输入/输出接口。
在另一种实现方式中，该装置为配置于终端设备中的芯片。当该通信装置为配置于终端设备中的芯片时，所述通信接口可以是输入/输出接口。
可选地，所述收发器可以为收发电路。可选地，所述输入/输出接口可以为输入/输出电路。
第九方面，提供了一种检测业务流的装置，包括处理器。该处理器与存储器耦合，可用于执行存储器中的指令或者数据，以实现上述第三方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法。可选地，该装置还包括存储器。可选地，该装置还包括通信接口，处理器与通信接口耦合。
在一种实现方式中，该装置为接入网设备。当该通信装置为接入网设备时，所述通信接口可以是收发器，或，输入/输出接口。
在另一种实现方式中，该装置为配置于接入网设备中的芯片。当该通信装置为配置于接入网设备中的芯片时，所述通信接口可以是输入/输出接口。
可选地，所述收发器可以为收发电路。可选地，所述输入/输出接口可以为输入/输出电路。
第十方面，提供了一种检测业务流的装置，包括处理器。该处理器与存储器耦合，可用于执行存储器中的指令或者数据，以实现上述第四方面或第五方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法。可选地，该装置还包括存储器。可选地，该装置还包括通信接口，处理器与通信接口耦合。
在一种实现方式中，该装置为控制面网元。当该通信装置为控制面网元时，所述通信接口可以是收发器，或，输入/输出接口。
在另一种实现方式中，该装置为配置于控制面网元中的芯片。当该通信装置为配置于控制面网元中的芯片时，所述通信接口可以是输入/输出接口。
可选地，所述收发器可以为收发电路。可选地，所述输入/输出接口可以为输入/输出电路
第十一方面，提供了一种处理器，包括：输入电路、输出电路和处理电路。所述处理电路用于通过所述输入电路接收信号，并通过所述输出电路发射信号，使得所述处理器执 行第一方面至第五方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
在具体实现过程中，上述处理器可以为一个或多个芯片，输入电路可以为输入管脚，输出电路可以为输出管脚，处理电路可以为晶体管、门电路、触发器和各种逻辑电路等。输入电路所接收的输入的信号可以是由例如但不限于接收器接收并输入的，输出电路所输出的信号可以是例如但不限于输出给发射器并由发射器发射的，且输入电路和输出电路可以是同一电路，该电路在不同的时刻分别用作输入电路和输出电路。本申请实施例对处理器及各种电路的具体实现方式不做限定。
第十二方面，提供了一种处理装置，包括处理器和存储器。该处理器用于读取存储器中存储的指令，并可通过接收器接收信号，通过发射器发射信号，以执行第一方面至第五方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
可选地，所述处理器为一个或多个，所述存储器为一个或多个。
可选地，所述存储器可以与所述处理器集成在一起，或者所述存储器与处理器分离设置。
在具体实现过程中，存储器可以为非瞬时性(non-transitory)存储器，例如只读存储器(read only memory，ROM)，其可以与处理器集成在同一块芯片上，也可以分别设置在不同的芯片上，本申请实施例对存储器的类型以及存储器与处理器的设置方式不做限定。
应理解，相关的数据交互过程例如发送指示信息可以为从处理器输出指示信息的过程，接收能力信息可以为处理器接收输入能力信息的过程。具体地，处理器输出的数据可以输出给发射器，处理器接收的输入数据可以来自接收器。其中，发射器和接收器可以统称为收发器。
上述第十二方面中的处理装置可以是一个或多个芯片。该处理装置中的处理器可以通过硬件来实现也可以通过软件来实现。当通过硬件实现时，该处理器可以是逻辑电路、集成电路等；当通过软件来实现时，该处理器可以是一个通用处理器，通过读取存储器中存储的软件代码来实现，该存储器可以集成在处理器中，可以位于该处理器之外，独立存在。
第十三方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)，当所述计算机程序被运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第五方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第十四方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第五方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第十五方面，提供了一种通信系统，包括前述的用户面功能网元、控制面网元、管理面网元、接入网设备和终端设备中的一个或多个。
附图说明
图1是适用于本申请实施例提供的方法的网络架构的示意图。
图2是适用于本申请实施例提供的方法的另一网络架构的示意图。
图3是本申请实施例的应用架构的示例。
图4是根据本申请实施例的检测数据流的方法的示意性交互图。
图5是根据本申请另一实施例的检测数据流的方法的示意性交互图。
图6是根据本申请另一实施例的检测数据流的方法的示意性交互图。
图7是本申请实施例的一个例子的流程图。
图8是本申请实施例的另一个例子的流程图。
图9是本申请实施例提供的检测数据流的装置的示意图。
图10是本申请实施例提供的另一检测数据流的装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、第五代(5th generation，5G)系统或新无线(new radio，NR)或者其他演进的通信系统等。
本申请提供的技术方案还可以应用于未来的通信系统，如第六代移动通信系统等。本申请对此不作限定。
本申请提供的技术方案还可以应用于机器类通信(machine type communication，MTC)、机器间通信长期演进技术(long term evolution-machine，LTE-M)、设备到设备(device-to device，D2D)网络、机器到机器(machine to machine，M2M)网络、物联网(internet of things，IoT)网络或者其他网络。其中，IoT网络例如可以包括车联网。其中，车联网系统中的通信方式统称为车到其他设备(vehicle to X，V2X，X可以代表任何事物)，例如，该V2X可以包括：车辆到车辆(vehicle to vehicle，V2V)通信，车辆与基础设施(vehicle to infrastructure，V2I)通信、车辆与行人之间的通信(vehicle to pedestrian，V2P)或车辆与网络(vehicle to network，V2N)通信等。
图1是适用于本申请实施例提供的方法的网络架构的示意图。如图1所示，该网络架构例如是第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project，3GPP)协议TS23.501中定义的5G系统(the 5h generation system，5GS)。该网络架构可以分为接入网(access network，AN)和核心网(core network，CN)两部分。其中，接入网可用于实现无线接入有关的功能，核心网主要包括以下几个关键逻辑网元：接入和移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)、用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)、策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)和统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)等。
下面对图1中示出的各网元做简单介绍：
1、用户设备(user equipment，UE)：可以称终端设备、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。
终端设备可以是一种向用户提供语音/数据连通性的设备，例如，具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、车载设备等。目前，一些终端的举例为：手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、可穿戴设备，虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)设备、工 业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程手术(remote medical surgery)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、客户终端设备(customer premises equipment，CPE)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备，5G网络中的终端设备或者未来演进的公用陆地移动通信网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的终端设备等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
作为示例而非限定，在本申请实施例中，该终端设备还可以是可穿戴设备。可穿戴设备也可以称为穿戴式智能设备，是应用穿戴式技术对日常穿戴进行智能化设计、开发出可以穿戴的设备的总称，如眼镜、手套、手表、服饰及鞋等。可穿戴设备即直接穿在身上，或是整合到用户的衣服或配件的一种便携式设备。可穿戴设备不仅仅是一种硬件设备，更是通过软件支持以及数据交互、云端交互来实现强大的功能。广义穿戴式智能设备包括功能全、尺寸大、可不依赖智能手机实现完整或者部分的功能，例如：智能手表或智能眼镜等，以及只专注于某一类应用功能，需要和其它设备如智能手机配合使用，如各类进行体征监测的智能手环、智能首饰等。
此外，在本申请实施例中，终端设备还可以是物联网(internet of things，IoT)系统中的终端设备，IoT是未来信息技术发展的重要组成部分，其主要技术特点是将物品通过通信技术与网络连接，从而实现人机互连，物物互连的智能化网络。
2、接入网：为用户设备提供入网功能，并能够根据用户的级别、业务的需求等使用不同质量的传输隧道。接入网络可以为采用不同接入技术的接入网络。目前的无线接入技术有两种类型：3GPP接入技术(例如3G、4G或5G系统中采用的无线接入技术)和非3GPP(non-3GPP)接入技术。3GPP接入技术是指符合3GPP标准规范的接入技术，例如，5G系统中的接入网设备称为下一代基站节点(next generation Node Base station，gNB)。非3GPP接入技术是指不符合3GPP标准规范的接入技术，例如，以无线保真(wireless fidelity，WiFi)中的接入点(access point，AP)为代表的空口技术。
基于无线通信技术实现接入网络功能的接入网可以称为无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)。无线接入网能够管理无线资源，为终端设备提供接入服务，进而完成控制信号和用户数据在终端和核心网之间的转发。
无线接入网例如可以包括但不限于：无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)，WiFi系统中的AP、无线中继节点、无线回传节点、传输点(transmission point，TP)或者发送接收点(transmission and reception point，TRP)等，还可以为5G(如，NR)系统中的gNB或传输点(TRP或TP)，5G系统中的基站的一个或一组(包括多个天线面板)天线面板，或者，还可以为构成gNB或传输点的网络节点，如基带单元(BBU)，或，分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)，或者下一代通信6G系统中的基站等。本申请实施例对无线接入网设备所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态 不做限定。
接入网可以为小区提供服务。终端设备可以通过接入网设备分配的传输资源(例如，频域资源，或者说，频谱资源)与小区通信。
3、AMF：主要用于移动性管理和接入管理等，如用户位置更新、用户注册网络、用户切换等。AMF还可用于实现移动性管理实体(mobility management entity，MME)中除会话管理之外的其它功能。例如，合法监听、或接入授权(或鉴权)等功能。
4、SMF：主要用于会话管理、UE的网际协议(Internet Protocol，IP)地址分配和管理、选择可管理用户平面功能、策略控制、或收费功能接口的终结点以及下行数据通知等。在本申请实施例中，SMF主要用户负责移动网络中的会话管理，如会话建立、修改、释放等。具体功能例如可以包括为终端设备分配IP地址、选择提供报文转发功能的UPF等。
5、UPF：即，数据面网关。可用于分组路由和转发、或用户面数据的服务质量(quality of service，QoS)处理等。用户数据可通过该网元接入到数据网络(data network，DN)。在本申请实施例中，可用于实现用户面网关的功能。
6、数据网络(DN)：用于为用户提供数据服务的运营商网络。例如，运营商业务的网络、因特网(Internet)、第三方的业务网络、IP多媒体服务业务(IP multi-media service)网络等。
7、认证服务功能(authentication server function，AUSF)：主要用于用户鉴权等。
8、网络开放功能(network exposure function，NEF)：用于安全地向外部开放由3GPP网络功能提供的业务和能力等。
9、网络存储功能((network function(NF)repository function，NRF)：用于保存网络功能实体以及其提供服务的描述信息，以及支持服务发现，网元实体发现等。
10、策略控制功能(PCF)：用于指导网络行为的统一策略框架，为控制平面功能网元(例如AMF，SMF等)提供策略规则信息等。
11、统一数据管理(UDM)：用于存储用户数据，如签约信息、鉴权/授权信息等。
12、应用功能(application function，AF)：负责向3GPP网络提供业务，如影响业务路由、与PCF之间交互以进行策略控制等。
在图1所示的网络架构中，各网元之间可以通过图中所示的接口通信。如图所示，N1接口为终端设备与AMF之间的参考点；N2接口为RAN和AMF的参考点，用于非接入层(non-access stratum，NAS)消息的发送等；N3接口为RAN和UPF之间的参考点，用于传输用户面的数据等；N4接口为SMF和UPF之间的参考点，用于传输例如N3连接的隧道标识信息，数据缓存指示信息，以及下行数据通知消息等信息；N5接口为PCF与AF之间的参考点；N6接口为UPF和DN之间的参考点，用于传输用户面的数据等；N7接口为SMF和PCF之间的参考点；N8接口为AMF和UDM之间的参考点；N11接口为AMF与SMF之间的参考点。其他接口与各网元之间的关系如图1中所示，为了简洁，这里不一一详述。
另外，图1中的部分接口可以采用服务化接口的方式实现。例如，如图2所示，AMF可以通过服务化接口Namf与其他网络功能进行交互；NSSF可以通过服务化接口Nnssf与其他网络功能进行交互；NEF可以通过服务化接口Nnef与其他网络功能进行交互；NRF可以通过服务化接口Nnrf与其他网络功能进行交互；PCF可以通过服务化接口Npcf与其 他网络功能进行交互；UDM可以通过服务化接口Nudm与其他网络功能进行交互；AF可以通过服务化接口Naf与其他网络功能进行交互；SMF可以通过服务化接口Nsmf与其他网络功能进行交互；AUSF可以通过服务化接口Nausf与其他网络功能进行交互。
应理解，上述应用于本申请实施例的网络架构仅是举例说明的从传统点到点的架构和服务化架构的角度描述的网络架构，适用本申请实施例的网络架构并不局限于此，任何能够实现上述各个网元的功能的网络架构都适用于本申请实施例。
还应理解，图1和图2中所示的AMF、SMF、UPF、网络切片选择功能网元(network slice selection function，NSSF)、NEF、AUSF、NRF、PCF、UDM可以理解为核心网中用于实现不同功能的网元，例如可以按需组合成网络切片。这些核心网网元可以各自独立的设备，也可以集成于同一设备中实现不同的功能，本申请对于上述网元的具体形态不作限定。
还应理解，上述命名仅为便于区分不同的功能而定义，不应对本申请构成任何限定。本申请并不排除在5G网络以及未来其它的网络中采用其他命名的可能。例如，在6G网络中，上述各个网元中的部分或全部可以沿用5G中的术语，也可能采用其他名称等。图1中的各个网元之间的接口名称只是一个示例，具体实现中接口的名称可能为其他的名称，本申请对此不作具体限定。此外，上述各个网元之间的所传输的消息(或信令)的名称也仅仅是一个示例，对消息本身的功能不构成任何限定。
可以理解，在本申请实施例中，涉及网元A向网元B发送消息、信息或数据，以及网元B接收来自网元A的消息、信息或数据的相关描述，旨在说明该消息、信息或数据是要发给哪个网元，而并不限定它们之间是直接发送还是经由其他网元间接发送。
还可以理解，在本申请实施例中，“当……时”、“在……的情况下”、“若”以及“如果”等描述均指在某种客观情况下设备会做出相应的处理，并非是限定时间，且也不要求设备在实现时一定要有判断的动作，也不意味着存在其它限定。
为便于理解本申请实施例，首先对本申请中涉及到的术语做简单说明。
带内操作管理维护(in-situ operations administration and maintenance，IOAM)是一种网络流量检测技术，通过对业务流量逐跳添加操作管理维护(operations administration and maintenance，OAM)信息，可以实现流量转发路径、转发质量的感知和测量。相对于传统流量检测技术，IOAM技术能够测量用户真实流量信息(丢包，时延等)。OAM指令和信息嵌入到用户流量中，最终可实现逐包检测，获取“全面”，“实时”，“精准”的数据面信息(比如，时间戳，队列深度，排队时延，缓冲占用和转发路径等)。
随流检测方案(in-situ flow information telemetry，IFIT)也是一种随流检测技术。相对于IOAM技术，IFIT的兼容性更强，能够支持更多的协议(如互联网协议第6版(internet protocol version 6，IPv6)协议，互联网协议第4版(internet protocol version 4，IPv4)协议和多协议标签交换(multi-protocol label switching，MPLS))；同时支持中间节点直接上报检测信息，减少网络的转发开销。
目前的检测机制适用场景较窄，不能实现端到端的检测，导致端到端的用户面传输定位比较耗时，无法满足客户业务快速恢复的诉求。
在介绍本申请实施例之前，先结合图3中的示例描述本申请实施例的应用架构。
如图3上图所示，该架构包括：摄像头，UE/CPE，RAN传输网网管(operation， administration and maintenance，OAM)，蜂窝网OAM，UPF。其中，RAN和UPF间使用的传输网络技术可以是IPRAN。该架构可以应用于核心网与传输网分层检测的场景。假设摄像头通过UE/CPE进行通讯，RAN与UPF之间通过IP RAN进行通讯，则实际数据传输路径为：摄像头-UE/CPE-RAN-IPRAN-UPF。以视频检测的上行数据流量为例，摄像头的IP报文在UE/CPE侧使用接入网协议进行封装(作为PDU单元)。这里作统一说明，本申请中的接入网协议可以是以下协议中的其中一种：SDAP协议，PDCP协议，MAC层协议，RLC层协议，或者RRC层协议。
在本申请实施例中，UE/CPE在接入网协议头中增加第一字段(第一字段可以包含一个或多个字段)，并在该第一字段中写入检测指示、上报触发条件等。这里作统一说明，本申请中的第一字段也可以称作检测字段，第一字段可以是随流检测协议(比如，IFIT或者IOAM协议)中的部分或全部字段。下文出现“第一字段”时将不再赘述其含义。
举例来说，可以使用IOAM或者IFIT协议头中的部分或全部字段作为接入网协议头中的第一字段或检测字段。
举例来说，当需要检测报文长度时，UE/CPE上报报文长度、流标识及周期等信息给监控网元(监控网元具体可以是核心网网元，或者，网管OAM，其中，核心网网元可以是SMF或NWDAF或PCF等)。UE/CPE也可以将获取的检测信息写入第一字段，传输给下一跳节点。RAN接收到接入网协议报文后，将其中的第一字段写入GTPU协议头中，并将包含第一字段的GTPU协议报文传输给UPF网元。RAN和UPF网元根据第一字段获取检测信息，并根据触发事件上报给监控网元。监控网元在收集到各个节点上报的检测信息后，比如，报文长度信息，可以析出业务报文在哪个节点进行了分段，从而及时的触发告警。
可以理解，底层的传输网络同样可能使用随流检测技术(比如IOAM/IFIT技术)，但在该场景下，核心网与传输网的检测是不协同的，互不影响。
“不协同”指的是蜂窝网络和传输网络中使用独立的随流检测手段。其中，蜂窝网络可以通过现有协议头或者新增协议层的方式添加第一字段，并传递给下一跳蜂窝网络节点。当蜂窝网络数据承载在传输网络中传输时，如RAN通过传输网将蜂窝数据传输给UPF节点，传输网不感知蜂窝网络添加的字段。
如图3下图所示，该架构包括：摄像头，UE/CPE，RAN，蜂窝网OAM，UPF。其中，RAN和UPF间使用的传输网络技术可以是IPRAN。该架构可以应用于核心网与传输网融合检测的场景。在该场景中，核心网与传输网协同检测。与上面场景的区别在于，RAN需要在传输层协议(比如，IPv6协议或者IPv4增强协议(IPv4-enhanced，IPv4-en)，、SRv6、以太网协议或GPRS用户面隧道协议(GPRS tunneling protocol for the user plane，GTPU)等其他传输层协议，这里不作限定)的头中写入字段。这样，当数据报文经过传输网时，传输网同样能够识别字段，并进行相应的处理。其中，SRv6是基于IPv6和源路由(source routing)的新一代IP承载协议。GTPU用于实现在无线接入网与核心网之间传送用户数据。
“协同”指的是：传输网感知蜂窝网络添加的字段，并且传输网络中传输节点(路由器等)可以根据字段的指示获取相应的检测信息，后续将检测信息直接上报或者写入字段中，传递给下一跳节点。
以下结合图4至图8详细描述本申请实施例的检测数据流的方法。
图4是根据本申请实施例的检测数据流的方法400的示意性交互图。比如，图4中的用户面功能网元可以为UPF。可以理解，图4中交互流程中涉及的消息或信息可以携带于现有消息或信令，也可以是新定义的消息或信令，对此不作具体限定。如图4所示，所述方法400包括：
S410，控制面网元向用户面功能网元发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。对应的，用户面功能网元接收来自所述控制面网元的第一指示信息。
这里作统一说明，控制面网元可以为会话管理网元(比如，SMF)或策略控制功能网元(比如，PCF)。
这里作统一说明，本文中出现的术语“检测”可以理解为“监控”或“监测”。
可选地，所述第一指示信息可以携带于检测请求中。
所述第一指示信息可以显示指示所述用户面功能网元对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。“显示指示”的方式是指：利用信元指示所述用户面功能网元对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。比如，第一指示信息包括前述第一字段(或者说检测字段)，比如，IFIT/IOAM指示或IFIT/IOAM字段。
或者，所述第一指示信息可以隐式指示所述用户面功能网元对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。“隐式指示”的方式是指：第一指示信息中包括检测动作(或称作处理动作)的信息。即，若用户面功能网元收到了控制面网元下发的处理动作的信息，则对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。这里作统一说明，检测动作包括但不限于以下内容：染色、测量时延、测量丢包率、测量乱序、测量抖动、获取时间戳、获取队列深度、获取CPU负载、获取排队时延、获取缓冲占用、获取转发路径、获取接收或者发送端口、上报获取的信息等。应理解，所述处理动作包含的内容只是示例性地描述，本申请并不限于此。
这里作统一说明，对于控制面网元而言，控制面网元可以基于以下一个或多个触发条件决定下发随流检测指示或策略：触发条件1，控制面网元根据签约信息判断需要进行随流检测；触发条件2，控制面网元接收到终端设备发送的请求消息，该请求消息用于请求检测某一特定的QoS流或者业务流；触发条件3，控制面网元基于运营商策略进行随流检测。可以理解，上述触发条件只是示例性描述，本申请不限于此。
可以理解，对于触发条件1和触发条件3，控制面网元可以决定随流检测的粒度(比如，QoS流粒度或者业务流粒度)。
比如，对于触发条件2，终端设备发送的请求消息可以是会话建立请求消息或者会话修改消息。可选地，终端设备发送的请求消息中可以携带检测粒度指示信息(比如，用于指示检测QoS粒度，或者业务流粒度)。如果请求消息中携带检测粒度指示信息，则请求消息中也可以携带QoS流标识或者业务流标识或者其他能够标识QoS流/业务流的信息。
举例来说，在S410之前，控制面网元接收到终端设备发送的上述请求消息。
控制面网元下发随流检测指示或策略包括以下步骤中的一项或多项：向用户面功能网元发送第一指示信息(即S410)；向终端设备发送第五指示信息(下文方法500中的S510)；向接入网设备发送第八指示信息(下文方法600中的S610)。应理解，以上控制面网元下发随流检测指示或策略的步骤只是示例性地描述，本申请不限于此。
上述控制面网元也可以替换为管理面网元(比如OAM)。
作为另一种实现方式，管理面网元下发随流检测指示或策略包括以下步骤中的一项或多项：向用户面网元发送第一指示信息；向终端设备发送第五指示信息；向接入网设备发送第八指示信息。应理解，以上管理面网元下发随流检测指示或策略的步骤只是示例性地描述，本申请不限于此。
S420，用户面功能网元根据所述第一指示信息，对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。换句话说，用户面功能网元根据第一指示信息，激活或开启随流检测的功能。
这里作统一说明，“随流检测”可以包括以下中的一项或多项：基于实时业务流量识别异常，基于真实的用户流量进行检测、实现逐包的检测、获取更加全面的数据面信息。这样，能够提升数据面信息获取的全面性、及时性和准确性。
可选地，所述终端设备的数据流为服务质量QoS流，所述第一指示信息包括该QoS流的标识。这样，用户面功能网元可以基于该QoS流的标识对该QoS流进行随流检测，能够实现QoS流粒度的检测。
可选地，所述终端设备的数据流为业务流，所述第一指示信息包括该业务流的标识(Flow ID)。这样，用户面功能网元可以基于该业务流的标识对该业务流进行随流检测，能够实现更细粒度的检测，即业务流粒度的检测。
可选地，这里作统一说明，业务流的标识可以由所检测业务流的五元组生成(比如，通过Hash函数生成唯一标识)。
可选地，若所述终端设备的数据流为业务流，所述第一指示信息还包括业务流标识Flow ID对应的Packet filter。
可选地，这里作统一说明，所述业务流的标识可以是蜂窝网络和传输网络都能识别的全局业务流标识。比如，AF或网管向会话管理网元提供该全局业务流标识。这样，通过引入全局业务流标识，可以实现蜂窝网络与传输网络协同检测。
在本申请实施例中，用户面功能网元通过接收第一指示信息，并根据第一指示信息对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。这样，基于真实数据报文检测，不需要额外模拟数据流量，检测结果更及时和准确；通过逐包检测，粒度更细，更为准确；并且，第一字段中可定义多种检测数据信息，从而获取更全面的信息。当前随流检测技术中用户面传输定位比较耗时，不够准确。相比于现有技术，本申请实施例的检测数据流的方法，能够快速定位用户面传输，还能够提升数据面信息获取的精准性。
并且，本申请实施例的检测数据流的方法可以实现用户面网元自主根据指示信息执行检测，减少了控制节点的直接控制，提升了数据面信息获取的实时性。
可选地，所述方法400还包括：用户面功能网元接收第一检测动作的信息，所述第一检测动作用于数据流(可以是下行数据流，也可以是上行数据流，对此不作限定)；所述用户面功能网元对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，包括：所述用户面功能网元接收所述数据流的第一数据报文；对第一数据报文执行所述第一检测动作的信息所指示的检测动作。这里，第一数据报文可能是上行数据报文，可能是下行数据报文，本申请不作限定。
第一检测动作包括以下处理动作中的一项或多项：染色、测量时延、测量丢包率、测量乱序、测量抖动、获取时间戳、获取队列深度、获取CPU负载、获取排队时延、获取缓冲占用、获取转发路径、获取接收或者发送端口、上报获取的信息等。应理解，所述处理动作包含的内容只是示例性地描述，本申请并不限于此。
用户面功能网元在检测网络(比如，传输网和/或蜂窝网组成的网络)中有可能是下行的首节点，也有可能是上行的尾节点，也有可能是中间节点。相应的，用户面功能网元有不同的处理行为。以下分别进行描述。
作为一种可能的实现方式，用户面功能网元为下行的首节点。
比如，所述第一数据报文是第一下行数据报文。可选地，所述方法400还包括：所述用户面功能网元根据所述第一检测动作的信息，生成第一检测规则；向下一跳节点发送第二下行数据报文，所述第二下行数据报文包括所述第一检测规则，所述第一检测规则指示所述下一跳节点对所述第二下行数据报文进行随流检测的动作。其中，下一跳节点可以是接入网设备，路由器，交换机，也可以是其他用户面功能网元或其他传输节点，对此不作限定。
示例性地，在下行传输中，用户面功能网元为首节点时，用户面功能网元接收第一下行数据报文，然后对第一下行数据报文执行第一检测动作的信息所指示的动作，并利用第一检测动作的信息配置第一检测规则(或者说监控规则)。然后，用户面功能网元向下一跳节点发送第二下行数据报文。也就是说，所述用户面功能网元为下行的首节点时，除了按照第一检测动作的信息进行随流检测，还需要告知下一跳节点第一检测规则，以便下一跳节点也作随流检测。
可选地，所述第二下行数据报文携带第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述下一跳节点对所述第二下行数据报文进行随流检测。应理解，第二下行数据报文中可以既包含第一检测规则，又包含第二指示信息；或者，第二下行数据报文中包含第一检测规则；或者，第二下行数据报文中包含第二指示信息。
第二下行数据报文可以采用IPv6协议，IPv4协议(比如，增强IPv4-en协议)，SRV6协议，以太网协议或GTPU协议等，或者说，第二下行数据报文可以是IPv6报文、IPv4报文、SRV6报文、以太报文或者GTPU协议报文等。
举例来说，用户面功能网元生成第一字段(比如，如前文所述，第一字段用于随流检测，其可以是IFIT/IOAM字段协议头中的全部或者部分字段)，并封装在GTPU头中。其中，第二下行数据报文为GTPU报文，第二指示信息可以通过该第一字段实现。
举例来说，用户面功能网元生成第一字段，并将第一字段写入IPv6或者IPv4协议(比如增强IPv4-en协议头)，第二下行数据报文为IPv6或者IPv4协议报文，这样的好处在于，底层的传输网也可以获取第一字段，或者说识别检测指示，能够基于第一字段进行随流检测，从而达到与传输网网络协同检测的目的。
假设用户面功能网元的下一跳节点为接入网设备，作为一种可能的实施方式，用户面功能网元与接入网设备之间的第一字段，即第二指示信息，可以放在现有协议层，比如，GTPU协议层。作为另一种可能的实施方式，用户面功能网元与接入网设备之间的第一字段，即第二指示信息，也可以放在新增协议头。比如，UPF-RAN之间可以新增协议层。
作为一种可能的实现方式，可选地，如果所述数据流为业务流，那么用户面功能网元可以将Flow Id写入GTPU协议层，或者UPF-RAN之间新增的协议层。具体的，用户面功能网元可以根据数据包检测规则(packet detection rule，PDR)中的Packet filter对应的Flow Id写入GTPU协议层字段或者新增的协议层字段。也就是说，当用户面功能网元为下行的首节点时，用户面功能网元可以将Flow Id写入GTPU协议层字段或者新增的协议 层字段中。这样，下一跳节点接收到该字段后可以根据该Flow Id识别需要检测的业务流。
作为一种可能的实现方式，可选地，如果所述数据流为业务流，用户面功能网元可以根据Flow Id生成动态流标识，用户面功能网元可以将动态流标识写入GTPU协议层，或者UPF-RAN之间新增的协议层。具体的，用户面功能网元可以根据PDR中的Packet filter对应的Flow Id写入GTPU协议层字段或者新增的协议层字段。也就是说，当用户面功能网元为下行的首节点时，用户面功能网元可以将动态流标识写入GTPU协议层字段或者新增的协议层字段中。这样，下一跳节点接收到该字段后可以根据该动态流标识识别需要检测的业务流。
用户面功能网元可以通过会话管理网元的指示得知自己是否为下行的首节点。
可选地，所述方法400还包括：会话管理网元向用户面功能网元发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示用户面功能网元为下行的首节点。对应的，用户面功能网元接收所述第一信息。
用户面功能网元通过会话管理网元发送的第一信息，可以得知自己为下行的首节点。可选地，第一信息可以通过1比特实现，比如，当该比特取值为0，表示不是下行的首节点，当该比特取值为1时，表示是下行的首节点。应理解，这里的举例只是便于理解，并不对本申请实施例构成限定。
对于会话管理网元而言，会话管理网元可以通过不同的方式确定用户面功能网元为下行的首节点。方式1，会话管理网元本地配置用户面功能网元为下行的首节点；方式2，会话管理网元根据运营商策略，得知用户面功能网元为下行的首节点；方式3，会话管理网元通过AF发送的信息(该信息用于指示用户面功能网元为下行的首节点)得知用户面功能网元为下行的首节点。
应理解，首节点是指支持随流检测技术(比如IFIT/IOAM协议)的起始节点，这里是以用户面功能网元的下行的首节点为例进行描述，但并限于此。比如，下行的首节点也可以是承载N6的某一个路由器或交换机。
作为一种可能的实现方式，用户面功能网元为上行的尾节点。所述第一数据报文是第一上行数据报文。相应的，上述第一检测动作用于上行数据流；所述用户面功能网元对所述第一上行数据报文执行所述第一检测动作的信息所指示的检测动作。所述第一上行数据报文携带第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示用户面功能网元进行随流检测；所述用户面功能网元向下一跳节点发送第二上行数据报文，所述第二上行数据报文中不包括所述第三指示信息。
其中，第一上行数据报文可以采用IPv6协议，IPv4协议(比如，增强IPv4-en协议)，SRV6协议，以太网协议或GTPU协议等，或者说，第一上行数据报文可以是IPv6报文、IPv4报文、SRV6报文、以太报文或者GTPU报文等。
第二上行数据报文可以采用IPv6协议，IPv4协议(比如，增强IPv4-en协议)，SRV6协议，以太网协议或GTPU协议等，或者说，第二上行数据报文可以是IPv6报文、IPv4报文、SRV6报文、以太报文或者GTPU协议报文等。
可选地，第一上行数据报文为GTPU报文；第二上行数据报文为GTPU报文。或者，可选地，第一上行数据报文为IPv6报文或者IPv4报文；第二上行数据报文为IPv6报文或者IPv4报文。
示例性地，假设第一上行数据报文为GTPU报文，第二上行数据报文为GTPU报文。第一上行数据报文中包含第三指示信息，第三指示信息可通过第一字段实现。比如，第一字段为IFIT/IOAM字段，GTPU报文头携带IFIT/IOAM字段。在上行传输中，用户面功能网元为尾节点时，用户面功能网元接收来自接入网设备的GTPU报文，然后基于GTPU报文中携带的第一字段执行随流检测(或者说执行具体的检测指令)。用户面功能网元在该对GTPU报文执行随流检测后，向下一跳节点发送第二上行数据报文，即GTPU报文。在向下一跳节点发送第二上行数据报文时，用户面功能网元需要将第一字段剥离。比如，用户面功能网元将剥离第一字段后的GTPU报文通过N6接口发送给DN。也就是说，如果用户面功能网元为上行的尾节点，那么在向下一跳节点发送上行数据报文之前，需要将第一字段剥离。
用户面功能网元可以通过会话管理网元的指示得知自己是否为上行的尾节点。
可选地，所述方法400还包括：用户面功能网元接收来自会话管理网元的第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元为上行的尾节点。
用户面功能网元通过会话管理网元发送的第二信息，可以得知自己为上行的尾节点。可选地，第二信息可以通过1比特实现，比如，当该比特取值为0，表示不是上行的尾节点，当该比特取值为1时，表示是上行的尾节点。应理解，这里的举例只是便于理解，并不对本申请实施例构成限定。
对于会话管理网元而言，会话管理网元可以通过不同的方式确定用户面功能网元为上行的尾节点。方式1，会话管理网元本地配置用户面功能网元为上行的尾节点；方式2，会话管理网元根据运营商策略，得知用户面功能网元为上行的尾节点；方式3，会话管理网元通过AF发送的信息(该信息用于指示用户面功能网元为上行的尾节点)得知用户面功能网元为上行的尾节点。
应理解，尾节点是指支持随流检测协议的终结节点，这里是以用户面功能网元的上行的尾节点为例进行描述，但并限于此。比如，上行的尾节点也可以是承载N6的某一个路由器或交换机。
作为一种可能的实现方式，用户面功能网元为中间节点。所述用户面功能网元对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，包括：所述用户面功能网元接收所述数据流的第一数据报文，所述第一数据报文携带第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元对所述第一数据报文进行随流检测；所述用户面功能网元向下一跳节点发送第二数据报文，所述第二数据报文携带第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示所述下一跳节点对所述第二数据报文进行随流检测。
比如，下一跳节点可以是I-UPF，或者交换机，或者路由器，或者接入网设备等。
中间节点可以理解为支持随流检测技术(比如IFIT/IOAM协议)的节点中除去终结节点以及起始节点以外的节点。应理解，这里是以中间节点是用户面功能网元为例进行说明，但本申请不限于此。比如，路由器、交换机或者接入网设备也可以是中间节点。
具体地，如果用户面功能网元为(下行传输或上行传输)中间节点，那么用户面功能网元根据接收到的第一数据报文中携带的第一字段(比如第四指示信息)进行随流检测，并在向下一跳节点发送第二数据报文时，在第二数据报文中增加第一字段(比如第五指示信息)，以便指示下一跳节点进行随流检测。相比于用户面功能网元为上行的尾节点的实 现方式，在该实现方式中用户面功能网元无需对数据报文中的第一字段进行剥离。
以上从用户面功能网元的角度描述了终端设备进行随流检测的一些实施例。
下面结合图5从终端设备的角度描述终端设备进行随流检测的一些实施例。应理解，以下实施例中出现的部分特征可以依据需求与前面实施例进行结合，并且，实施例中出现的各个术语的解释或说明可以在各个实施例中互相参考或解释，对此不作限定。
图5是根据本申请另一实施例的检测数据流的方法500的示意性交互图。可以理解，图5中交互流程中涉及的消息或信息可以携带于现有消息或信令，也可以是新定义的消息或信令，对此不作具体限定。如图5所示，所述方法500包括：
S510，控制面网元(或管理面网元)向终端设备发送第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示终端设备对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。对应的，终端设备接收来自所述控制面网元的第五指示信息。
可以理解，控制面网元可以通过其他网元向终端设备发送第五指示信息。
控制面网元的描述可以参考前文。
可选地，所述第五指示信息可以携带于检测请求中。
所述第五指示信息可以显示指示终端设备对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。“显示指示”的方式是指：利用信元指示终端设备对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。比如，第五指示信息为字段，字段可以为IFIT/IOAM指示或IFIT/IOAM字段。
或者，所述第五指示信息可以隐式指示终端设备对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。“隐式指示”的方式是指：第五指示信息中包括检测动作(或称作处理动作)的信息。即，若终端设备收到了控制面网元下发的处理动作的信息，则对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。
关于控制面网元向终端设备发送第五指示信息的触发条件可以参考方法400中的描述，这里不再赘述。
S520，终端设备根据第五指示信息，对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。
换句话说，终端设备根据第五指示信息，激活或开启随流检测的功能。
可选地，所述终端设备的数据流为服务质量QoS流，所述第五指示信息包括该QoS流的标识。这样，终端设备可以基于该QoS流的标识对该QoS流进行随流检测，能够实现QoS流粒度的检测。
可选地，所述终端设备的数据流为业务流，所述第五指示信息包括该业务流的标识。这样，终端设备可以基于该业务流的标识对该业务流进行随流检测，能够实现业务流粒度的检测。
可选地，若所述终端设备的数据流为业务流，所述第五指示信息还包括业务流标识Flow ID对应的Packet filter。
关于业务流的标识的生成方式，以及业务流标识为全局业务流标识的情形可以参考前文描述，这里不作赘述。
在本申请实施例中，终端设备通过接收第五指示信息，并根据第五指示信息对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。现有技术中的用户面传输定位比较耗时，不够准确。相比于现有技术，本申请实施例的检测数据流的方法，能够快速定位用户面传输。
可选地，所述方法500还包括：终端设备接收第二检测动作的信息，所述第二检测动 作用于数据流(数据流可以是上行数据流，也可以是下行数据流，对此不作限定)；所述终端设备接收所述数据流的第三数据报文(第三数据报文可以是上行数据报文，也可以是下行数据报文，对此不作限定)；所述终端设备对所述第三数据报文，执行所述第二检测动作的信息所指示的检测动作。
终端设备在监控网络(比如，传输网和/或蜂窝网组成的网络)中有可能是下行的尾节点，也有可能是上行的首节点，也有可能是中间节点。相应的，终端设备有不同的处理行为。以下分别进行描述。
作为一种可能的实现方式，终端设备为上行的首节点。
比如，第三数据报文为第三上行数据报文。可选地，所述方法500还包括：终端设备根据所述第二检测动作的信息，生成第二检测规则；向接入网设备发送第四上行数据报文，所述第四上行数据报文包括第二检测规则，所述第二检测规则指示所述接入网设备对所述第四上行数据报文进行随流检测的动作。
第二检测动作包括以下处理动作中的一项或多项：染色、测量时延、测量丢包率、测量乱序、测量抖动、获取时间戳、获取队列深度、获取排队时延、获取缓冲占用、获取转发路径、获取接收或者发送端口、上报获取的信息等。应理解，所述处理动作包含的内容只是示例性地描述，本申请并不限于此。所述第二检测规则用于通知上述处理动作。
示例性地，在上行传输中，当终端设备需要发送上行数据报文时，终端设备对第三上行数据报文执行第二检测动作的信息所指示的检测动作，并利用第二检测动作的信息配置第二检测规则，然后将第二检测规则包含在第四上行数据报文中发送给接入网设备。
终端设备可以在第四上行数据报文中包含第六指示信息。可选地，所述第四上行数据报文携带第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述接入网设备对所述第四上行数据报文进行随流检测。
应理解，第四上行数据报文中可以既包含第二检测规则，又包含第六指示信息；或者，第四上行数据报文中包含第二检测规则；或者，第四上行数据报文中包含第六指示信息。
可选地，上述第四上行数据报文可以为接入网报文。换言之，第四上行数据报文可以采用接入网协议。第四上行数据报文中包含的第六指示信息通过第一字段实现。比如，终端设备生成第一字段，并将第一字段写入接入网协议头中，发送给接入网设备。
一种可能的实施方式，终端设备可以不用在现有协议(比如接入网协议)头中或者新增的协议层头中添加第一字段，而是通过终端设备与接入网设备之间的控制面消息传输第六指示信息，比如，可以通过RRC消息传输第六指示信息。
作为一种可能的实现方式，可选地，若所述数据流为业务流，所述终端设备根据网络侧下发的中的Packet filter对应的Flow Id写入第一字段。当终端设备为上行的首节点时，终端设备可以将Flow Id写入第一字段中，这样，下一跳节点接收到该字段后可以根据该Flow Id识别需要检测的业务流。
终端设备可以通过会话管理网元的指示得知自己是否为上行的首节点。
可选地，所述方法500还包括：会话管理网元向终端设备发送第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示所述终端设备为上行的首节点。对应的，终端设备接收来自会话管理网元的第三信息。
终端设备通过会话管理网元发送的第三信息，可以得知自己为上行的首节点。可选地， 第三信息可以通过1比特实现，比如，当该比特取值为0，表示不是上行的首节点，当该比特取值为1时，表示是上行的首节点。应理解，这里的举例只是便于理解，并不对本申请实施例构成限定。
对于会话管理网元而言，会话管理网元可以通过不同的方式确定终端设备为上行的首节点。方式1，会话管理网元本地配置终端设备为上行的首节点；方式2，会话管理网元根据运营商策略，得知终端设备为上行的首节点；方式3，会话管理网元通过AF发送的信息(该信息用于指示终端设备为上行的首节点)得知终端设备为上行的首节点。
作为一种可能的实现方式，终端设备为下行的尾节点。所述第三数据报文是第三下行数据报文。可选地，终端设备对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，包括：所述终端设备接收所述数据流的第三下行数据报文，所述第三下行数据报文包括第七指示信息，所述第七指示信息用于指示所述终端设备对所述第三下行数据报文进行随流检测；所述终端设备根据所述第七指示信息对所述第三下行数据报文进行随流检测。
示例性地，第三下行数据报文为接入网协议报文，第七指示信息通过第一字段实现，接入网协议报文头携带第一字段。终端设备在收到接入网设备发送的接入网协议报文(比如，SDAP报文)时，可以根据接入网协议报文头中的第一字段执行检测指令。
终端设备通过会话管理网元发送的第四信息，可以得知自己为下行的尾节点。所述第四信息用于指示所述终端设备为下行的尾节点。可选地，第四信息可以通过1比特实现，比如，当该比特取值为0，表示不是下行的尾节点，当该比特取值为1时，表示是下行的尾节点。应理解，这里的举例只是便于理解，并不对本申请实施例构成限定。
对于会话管理网元而言，会话管理网元可以通过不同的方式确定终端设备为下行的尾节点。方式1，会话管理网元本地配置终端设备为下行的尾节点；方式2，会话管理网元根据运营商策略，得知终端设备为下行的尾节点；方式3，会话管理网元通过AF发送的信息(该信息用于指示终端设备为下行的尾节点)得知终端设备为下行的尾节点。
作为一种可能的实现方式，终端设备为中间节点，比如，终端设备为5G UE/CPE。所述终端设备对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，包括：所述终端设备接收的所述第三数据报文中携带第九指示信息，所述第九指示信息用于指示所述终端设备对所述第三数据报文进行随流检测；所述终端设备基于所述第九指示信息，对所述第三数据报文执行所述第二检测动作的信息所指示的检测动作，并向下一跳节点发送第四数据报文，所述第四数据报文携带第十指示信息，所述第十指示信息用于指示所述下一跳节点对所述第四数据报文进行随流检测。
具体地，如果终端设备为(下行传输或上行传输)中间节点，那么终端设备根据收到的第三数据报文中携带的第一字段(比如第九指示信息通过第一字段实现)进行随流检测，并在向下一跳节点发送第四数据报文时，在第四数据报文中增加第一字段(比如第十指示信息通过第一字段实现)，以便指示下一跳节点进行随流检测。
可选地，在S510之前，终端设备向控制面网元发送请求消息。该请求消息可以是会话建立请求消息或者会话修改消息。可选地，终端设备发送的请求消息中可以携带检测粒度指示信息(比如，用于指示检测QoS粒度，或者业务流粒度)。如果请求消息中携带检测粒度指示信息，则请求消息中也可以携带QoS流标识或者业务流标识或者其他能够标识QoS流/业务流的信息。
以上从终端设备的角度描述了终端设备进行随流检测的一些实施例。
下面结合图6从接入网设备的角度描述接入网设备进行随流检测的一些实施例。应理解，以下实施例中出现的部分特征可以依据需求与前面实施例进行结合，并且，实施例中出现的各个术语的解释或说明可以在各个实施例中互相参考或解释，对此不作限定。
图6是根据本申请另一实施例的检测数据流的方法600的示意性交互图。可以理解，图6中交互流程中涉及的消息或信息可以携带于现有消息或信令，也可以是新定义的消息或信令，对此不作具体限定。如图6所示，所述方法600包括：
S610，控制面网元(或管理面网元)向接入网设备发送第八指示信息，所述第八指示信息用于指示接入网设备对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。对应的，接入网设备接收来自所述控制面网元的第八指示信息。
控制面网元的描述可以参考前文。
可选地，所述第八指示信息可以携带于检测请求中。
所述第八指示信息可以显示指示接入网设备对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。“显示指示”的方式是指：利用信元指示接入网设备对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。比如，第八指示信息通过第一字段实现，第一字段可以是IFIT/IOAM指示或IFIT/IOAM字段。
关于控制面网元向接入网设备发送第八指示信息的触发条件可以参考方法400中的描述，这里不再赘述。
S620，接入网设备根据所述第八指示信息，对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。换句话说，接入网设备根据第八指示信息，激活或开启随流检测的功能。
可选地，所述终端设备的数据流为服务质量QoS流，所述第八指示信息包括该QoS流的标识。这样，接入网设备可以基于该QoS流的标识对该QoS流进行随流检测，能够实现QoS流粒度的检测。
可选地，所述终端设备的数据流为业务流，所述第八指示信息包括该业务流的标识。这样，接入网设备可以基于该业务流的标识对该业务流进行随流检测，能够实现业务流粒度的检测。
在本申请实施例中，接入网设备通过接收第八指示信息，并根据第八指示信息对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。现有技术中端到端的用户面传输定位比较耗时，不够准确。相比于现有技术，本申请实施例的检测数据流的方法，能够快速定位用户面传输。
接入网设备在传输过程中，可以实现字段在不同协议头的转换。比如，从接入网协议报文转换为GTPU协议报文。又比如，从GTPU协议报文转换为接入网协议报文。又比如，从接入网协议报文转换为IPv6报文或者IPv4报文。又比如，从IPv6报文或者IPv4报文转换为接入网协议报文。
作为一种可能的实现方式，在上行传输中，所述接入网设备根据所述第八指示信息，对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，包括：接入网设备接收来自终端设备的第四上行数据报文，所述第四上行数据报文包括第二检测规则，所述第二检测规则指示所述接入网设备对所述第四上行数据报文进行随流检测的动作；所述接入网设备根据所述第二检测规则执行随流检测，获得执行结果。
可选地，第四上行数据报文携带第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述接入 网设备对所述第四上行数据报文进行随流检测。
可选地，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备生成第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示用户面功能网元进行随流检测；所述接入网设备向所述用户面功能网元发送第一上行数据报文，所述第一上行数据报文携带所述第三指示信息。因此，接入网设备可以基于第二检测规则执行随流检测，并在向接入网设备发送上行数据报文时，在上行数据报文中增加第三指示信息，以指示用户面功能网元进行随流检测。
接入网设备生成第三指示信息可以基于所述执行结果生成，也可以不依赖于所述执行结果，对此不作限定。
可选地，第一上行数据报文为IPv6报文、IPv4报文、SRV6报文、以太报文或者GTPU报文。这里作统一说明，IPv4报文采用增强的IPv4协议(即IPv4 enhanced)，IPv4报文头可以进行。增强的IPv4协议可以采用IPv4-en表示。
可选地，所述第四上行数据报文为接入网协议报文。
以第四上行数据报文为接入网报文，第一上行数据报文为GTPU协议报文，第四上行数据报文中的包含的第六指示信息通过第一字段实现进行为例说明，接入网设备收到终端设备的接入网报文后，基于接入网报文中的第一字段对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，并将第一字段写入GTPU协议报文中，将GTPU协议报文发送给用户面功能网元。这样，通过将第一字段写入GTPU协议报文，以便用户面功能网元能够识别。
以第四上行数据报文为接入网报文，第一上行数据报文为IPv6报文或者IPv4报文，第四上行数据报文中的包含的第六指示信息通过第一字段实现进行为例说明，接入网设备收到终端设备的接入网报文后，基于接入网报文中的第一字段对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，并将第一字段写入IPv6报文或者IPv4报文中，将IPv6报文或者IPv4报文发送给用户面功能网元。这样，通过将第一字段写入IPv6报文或者IPv4报文，能够实现蜂窝网络与传输网的协同。
当然，所述接入网设备在上行传输中可以为中间节点，也可以作为上行首节点，本申请对此不作具体限定。
作为一种可能的实现方式，所述接入网设备可以为上行首节点。
当接入网设备作为上行首节点时，其行为与终端设备作为上行首节点的行为类似。可选地，所述方法还包括：接入网设备接收所述第三检测动作的信息，所述第三检测动作用于数据流；所述接入网设备接收第五数据报文；所述接入网设备对所述数据流的第五数据报文，执行所述第三检测动作的信息所指示的检测动作。也就是说，接入网设备也可以作为上行首节点执行随流检测。第三检测动作的描述可以参考前文第一检测动作，这里不作赘述。
与终端设备侧类似，可选地，所述第五数据报文是第五上行数据报文，所述方法还包括：接入网设备根据所述第三检测动作的信息，生成第三检测规则；向下一跳节点发送第六上行数据报文，所述第六上行数据报文包括第三检测规则，所述第三检测规则指示下一跳节点对所述第六上行数据报文进行随流检测的动作。也就是说，接入网设备在作为上行首节点时，也可以向下一跳节点发送检测规则。
第三检测规则的描述可以参考前文第一检测规则的描述，这里不作赘述。
作为一种可能的实现方式，在下行传输中，所述方法还包括：接入网设备接收第二下 行数据报文，所述第二下行数据报文包括所述第一检测规则，所述第一检测规则指示所述接入网对所述第二下行数据报文进行随流检测的动作；所述接入网设备根据所述第二指示信息执行随流检测，获得执行结果。
可选地，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备生成第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示终端设备进行随流检测；所述接入网设备向所述终端设备发送第三下行数据报文，所述第三下行数据报文包括第七指示信息，所述第七指示信息用于指示所述终端设备对所述第三下行数据报文进行随流检测。因此，接入网设备可以基于第一检测规则执行随流检测，并在向终端设备发送下行数据报文时，在下行数据报文中增加第七指示信息，以指示终端设备进行随流检测。
接入网设备可以基于所述执行结果生成所述第六指示信息，也可以不依赖于所述执行结果，对此不作限定。
可选地，第二下行数据报文为IPv6报文、IPv4报文、SRV6报文、以太报文或者GTPU协议报文。
可选地，第三下行数据报文为接入网协议报文。
以第二下行数据报文为GTPU协议报文，第三下行数据报文为SDAP协议报文为例说明，接入网设备收到用户面功能网元的GTPU协议报文后，基于GTPU协议报文中的第一字段对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，并将第一字段写入SDAP协议报文中，将SDAP协议报文发送给终端设备。这样，通过将第一字段写入SDAP协议报文，以便终端设备能够识别第一字段并基于第一字段进行随流检测。
以第二下行数据报文为IPv6报文或者IPv4报文，第三下行数据报文为接入网协议报文为例说明，接入网设备收到用户面功能网元的IPv6报文或者IPv4报文后，基于IPv6报文或者IPv4报文中的第一字段对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，并将字段写入接入网协议报文中，将接入网协议报文发送给终端设备。这样，通过将第一字段写入接入网协议报文，以便终端设备能够识别第一字段并基于第一字段进行随流检测。
当然，所述接入网设备在下行传输中可以为中间节点，也可以作为下行首节点，本申请对此不作具体限定。
作为一种可能的实现方式，所述接入网设备可以为下行首节点。
当接入网设备作为下行首节点时，其行为与用户面功能网元作为下行首节点的行为类似。可选地，所述方法还包括：所述接入网设备接收第四检测动作的信息，所述第四检测动作用于数据流。其中，接入网设备对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，包括：接收数据流的第七数据报文；对该第七数据报文执行所述第四检测动作的信息所指示的检测动作。
第四检测动作的描述可以参考前文第二检测动作，这里不作赘述。
可选地，所述第七数据报文是第七下行数据报文，所述方法还包括：接入网设备根据第一检测动作的信息，生成第四检测规则；向下一跳节点发送第八下行数据报文，所述第八下行数据报文包括所述第四检测规则，所述第四检测规则指示所述下一跳节点对所述第八下行数据报文进行随流检测的动作。下一跳节点可以是路由器，交换机，接入网设备，或者用户面功能网元或其他传输节点，对此不作限定。
第四检测规则的描述可以参考前文第二检测规则的描述，这里不作赘述。
为了便于理解，以下结合具体流程进行描述。
图7示出了本申请实施例的一个例子的流程图。图7是针对上文图4、图5或图6应用到会话建立流程或者会话修改流程中的一个例子的示意图。该流程可以应用于前文图3的上图示例的架构。如图7所示，该方法包括：
步骤0，前置流程。
步骤0的前置流程指的是会话建立流程或者会话修改流程中的部分前置步骤。示例性地，步骤0可以同5G PDU会话建立流程中的步骤1-9(TS 23.502 4.3.2.2.1)，或者同5G PDU会话修改流程中的步骤1-2(TS 23.502 4.3.3.2,2a和2b未完成)。这里对前置流程不作具体赘述。当然，这里只是举例描述，本申请并不限于此。后续协议版本中前置流程的步骤可能发生变化，这里不限制特定协议版本中的具体步骤。步骤0的前置流程可以适应前向兼容现有协议版本，或者，也可以适应后续演变或发展的协议版本。
步骤1，SMF网元激活UE-UPF之间的随流检测功能。
具体地，SMF网元根据本地配置或者PCF发送的Authorized QoS Monitoring Policy激活UE-UPF之间的随流检测功能。
步骤2，SMF向UPF发送第一指示信息。第一指示信息用于指示UPF激活对终端设备的数据流的随流检测功能。
可选地，第一指示信息(比如，IFIT/IOAM)携带于N4消息(比如，N4 Session Establishment/Modification Request)中。
SMF通过N4消息配置UPF的转发规则。
可选地，N4消息中还携带有以下中的至少一项：针对下行数据流的处理动作(Actions for DL)的信息，上报事件(Report Events)的信息，QoS流标识QFIs。
步骤2是以SMF向UPF发送第一指示信息为例进行说明。作为另一种可能的实现方式，管理网元也可以向UPF发送第一指示信息。当管理面网元向用户面网元发送第一指示信息时，管理面消息携带有以下中的至少一项：针对下行数据流的处理动作(Actions for DL)的信息，上报事件(Report Events)的信息，QoS流标识QFIs。
Actions for DL用于UPF生成第一字段。比如，Actions for DL包括：染色、测量时延、测量丢包率、测量乱序、测量抖动、获取时间戳、获取队列深度、获取CPU负载、获取排队时延、获取缓冲占用、获取转发路径、获取接收或者发送端口、上报获取的信息等。
上报事件的信息用于配置上报检测信息的触发条件。比如，Report Events，包括上报的频率、测量周期等。
步骤3，UPF根据第一指示信息进行随流检测。
可选地，UPF接收第一检测动作的信息，并生成第一检测规则。
若步骤2中包括QoS流标识QFIs，则UPF针对QoS流标识QFIs进行随流检测。
步骤4，UPF向SMF发送N4响应消息(比如，N4Session Establishment/Modification Response)。
步骤5，SMF向AMF发送N1消息和N2消息。
具体地，SMF通过服务化消息Namf_Communication_N1N2Message Transfer发送N1 SM Msg和N2 SM Msg。当AMF接收后通过N2消息将N2 SM Msg消息发送给RAN侧，通过N1消息将N1 SM Msg消息发送给UE侧。
可选地，N1 SM Msg包含QoS流标识QFIs、上行QoS流处理动作(Actions for UL)、 第一字段以及上报事件(Report Events)等信息。
可选地，N2 SM Msg包含QoS流标识QFIs、第一字段以及上报事件(Report Events)等信息。
步骤6，AMF向RAN发送N2消息。其中，N2消息中包括第八指示信息，所述第八指示信息用于指示RAN进行随流检测。
可选地，N2消息中包括QoS流标识QFIs。
步骤7，RAN根据所述第八指示信息进行随流检测。
可选地，若N2消息中还包括上报事件(Report Events)的信息，RAN基于该信息配置上报事件。
可选地，若步骤6中包括QoS流标识QFIs，那么RAN针对QoS流标识QFIs进行随流检测。
步骤8，RAN向UE发送N1消息。可选地，N1消息中包括第五指示信息。
具体地，RAN侧针对建立或者修改的会话/QoS流配置空口侧资源，同时将N1 SM Msg发送给UE。N1 SM Msg中包含的内容可以参考步骤5中的描述。
可选地，N1消息中包括QoS流标识QFIs。
步骤9，UE根据第五指示信息激活随流检测功能。
可选地，若N1 SM Msg中包含Actions for UL信息，UE根据该Actions for UL信息配置第二检测规则。
可选地，若步骤8中包括QoS流标识QFIs，那么UE针对QoS流标识QFIs进行随流检测。
步骤10，RAN向AMF发送N2响应消息。
具体地，RAN通过N2 PDU Session Response响应空口资源配置结果。
除异常情况外，此时UE-RAN之间的空口传输通道建立完成，同时RAN-UPF之间的N3上行隧道建立完成，UE可以发送UL数据报文。
步骤11，UE向RAN发送第一接入网报文。
在需要发送上行数据报文时，UE执行上行处理动作Actions for UL，并根据Actions for UL以及执行结果(获取的检测信息)生成第一字段，然后将第一字段写入接入网协议头中，生成第一接入网报文。可选地，UE基于事件上报执行结果(获取的检测信息)。
步骤12，RAN向UPF发送第一GTPU报文。
当RAN侧接收到UE侧发送的UL数据报文时，根据第一接入网报文中的第一字段执行具体的检测指令，并根据执行结果修改字段或者重新生成第一字段，然后重新写入GTPU协议头中，生成第一GTPU报文。可选地，RAN基于事件上报执行结果(获取的检测信息)。
步骤13，UPF基于第一GTPU报文执行检测指令，并生成第二GTPU报文。
当UPF接收到RAN侧发送的第一GTPU报文时，根据第一GTPU报文中的第一字段执行具体的检测指令，并剥离字段后，将第二GTPU报文通过N6接口发送给DN。
步骤14-16，建立下行传输通道。具体可以参考现有描述。
具体地，SMF配置RAN-UPF之间的N3下行通道，完成后RAN-UPF之间的N3下行传输通道建立完成，此时UPF可以发送DL数据报文给UE。
步骤17，UPF向RAN发送第三GTPU报文。
当UPF发送DL数据报文时，UPF执行Actions for DL，并根据Actions for DL以及执行结果(获取的检测信息)生成第一字段，然后写入GTPU协议头中；基于事件上报执行结果(获取的检测信息)。
步骤18，RAN向UE发送第二接入网报文。
当RAN侧接收到UPF发送的第三GTPU报文时，根据第三GTPU报文中的第一字段执行具体的检测指令，并根据执行结果修改字段或者重新生成第一字段，然后重新写入接入网协议头中，生成第二接入网报文。RAN基于事件上报执行结果(获取的检测信息)。
步骤19，UE基于第二接入网报文执行随流检测。
当UE接收RAN侧发送的第二接入网报文后，根据第二接入网报文中的字段执行具体的检测指令，并基于事件上报执行结果。
可选地，若数据流是Qos流，上述图7中的流程中可以实现Qos流的检测。并且，各个网元可以基于事件上报检测结果也是以QoS流标识QFIs为粒度上报。
可以理解，若数据流是业务流，业务流的标识为Flow ID，上述图7中的流程中涉及QoS流标识QFIs的地方可以替换为Flow ID，以实现业务流粒度的检测。
后续步骤(PDU会话建立流程或PDU会话修改流程)可以参考现有标准中的描述，这里不作赘述。或者，后续步骤也可以适用于后续演进或发展的标准协议。
图8示出了本申请实施例的另一个例子的流程图。图8是针对上文图4、图5或图6应用到会话建立流程或者会话修改流程中的另一个例子的示意图。该流程可以应用于前文图3的下图示例的架构，即可以适用于传输网与蜂窝网协同检测的场景。如图8所示，该方法包括：
步骤0a，AF向PCF发送检测请求。
所述检测请求包括首尾节点指示，比如，上行首节点指示、上行尾节点指示、下行首节点指示或下行尾节点指示。
比如，在图8的流程中，UE是上行首节点，下行尾节点，UPF是下行首节点，上行尾节点。
可选地，所述检测请求还包括Flow ID以及Flow ID对应的packet filter。
步骤0b，PCF向SMF发送检测策略。
所述检测策略中包括PCF从AF处接收的内容。
步骤0c，前置流程。
步骤0c的前置流程指的是会话建立流程或者会话修改流程中的部分前置步骤。示例性地，步骤0c的前置流程可以同5G PDU会话建立流程中的步骤1-9(TS 23.502 4.3.2.2.1)，或者同5G PDU会话修改流程中的步骤1-2(TS 23.502 4.3.3.2,2a和2b未完成)，这里不作赘述。当然，这里只是举例描述，本申请并不限于此。后续协议版本中前置流程的步骤可能发生变化，这里不限制特定协议版本中的具体步骤。步骤0的前置流程可以适应前向兼容现有协议版本，或者，也可以适应后续演进或发展的协议版本。
步骤1，SMF网元激活UE-UPF之间的随流检测功能，并基于根据首尾节点指示，确定是否下发针对数据流的检测动作的信息。
SMF网元根据本地配置或者PCF发送的Authorized QoS Monitoring Policy激活UE-UPF之间的随流检测功能。并且，SMF根据首节点指示或尾节点指示，确定是否下发针对下行数据流的检测动作的信息或者针对上行数据流的检测动作的信息。
步骤2，SMF向UPF发送第一指示信息。第一指示信息用于指示UPF激活对终端设备的数据流的随流检测功能。
可选地，第一指示信息(比如，IFIT/IOAM)携带于N4消息(比如，N4 Session Establishment/Modification Request)中。
可选地，所述N4消息中还包括以下中的至少一项：上报事件的信息，Flow ID对应的packet filter，以及针对下行数据流的处理动作(Actions for DL)的信息。
可选地，步骤2a，SMF还可以向UPF发送第一信息，以指示UPF是下行的首节点。
可选地，步骤2b，SMF还可以向UPF发送第二信息，以指示UPF是上行的尾节点。
步骤3，UPF根据第一指示信息进行随流检测。
可选地，UPF接收第一检测动作(即针对下行数据流的处理动作)的信息，并生成第一检测规则。
若步骤2中包括Flow ID对应的packet filter，则UPF针对Flow ID进行随流检测。
步骤4，UPF向SMF发送N4响应消息(比如，N4 Session Establishment/Modification Response)。
步骤5，SMF向AMF发送N1消息和N2消息。
具体地，SMF通过服务化消息Namf_Communication_N1N2Message Transfer发送N1 SM Msg和N2 SM Msg。当AMF接收后通过N2消息将N2 SM Msg消息发送给RAN侧，通过N1消息将N1 SM Msg消息发送给UE侧。
可选地，N1 SM Msg包含Flow ID、上行QoS流处理动作(Actions for UL)、第一字段以及上报事件(Report Events)等信息。
可选地，N2 SM Msg包含Flow ID、第一字段以及上报事件(Report Events)等信息。
步骤6，AMF向RAN发送N2消息。其中，N2消息中包括第八指示信息，所述第八指示信息用于指示RAN进行随流检测。
可选地，N2消息中包括Flow ID。
步骤7，RAN根据所述第八指示信息进行随流检测。
可选地，若N2消息中还包括上报事件(Report Events)的信息，RAN基于该信息配置上报事件。
可选地，若步骤6中包括Flow ID，那么RAN针对Flow ID进行随流检测。
步骤8，RAN向UE发送N1消息。可选地，N1消息中包括第五指示信息。
具体地，RAN侧针对建立或者修改的会话/业务流配置空口侧资源，同时将N1 SM Msg发送给UE。N1 SM Msg中包含的内容可以参考步骤5中的描述。
可选地，N1消息中包括Flow ID。
可选地，步骤8a，RAN还可以向UE发送第三信息，以指示UE是上行的首节点。
可选地，步骤8b，RAN还可以向UE发送第四信息，以指示UE是下行的尾节点。
步骤9，UE根据第五指示信息激活随流检测功能。
可选地，若N1 SM Msg中包含Actions for UL信息，UE根据该Actions for UL信息 配置第二检测规则。
可选地，若步骤8中包括Flow ID，那么UE针对Flow ID进行随流检测。
步骤10，RAN向AMF发送N2响应消息。
RAN通过N2 PDU Session Response响应空口资源配置结果。
除异常情况外，此时UE-RAN之间的空口传输通道建立完成，同时RAN-UPF之间的N3上行隧道建立完成，UE可以发送UL数据报文。
步骤11，UE向RAN发送第一接入网报文。
在需要发送上行数据报文时，UE执行Actions for UL，并根据Actions for UL以及执行结果(获取的检测信息)生成第一字段，然后将第一字段写入接入网协议头中，生成第一接入网报文。可选地，UE基于事件上报执行结果(获取的检测信息)。
可选地，若步骤8中包括Flow ID，那么UE根据QoS rules中的packet filter对应的Flow ID写入第一字段中。
以下结合步骤12-19与前文图7中流程的区别在于，以下步骤中RAN或UPF需要将报文转换为IP协议报文(比如，IPv6协议报文或者IPv4-en协议报文)，以便传输网也可以获得第一字段，从而实现协同检测。
步骤12，RAN向UPF发送第一IP协议报文。
当RAN侧接收到UE侧发送的UL数据报文时，根据第一接入网报文中的第一字段执行具体的检测指令，并根据执行结果修改第一字段或者重新生成第一字段，然后重新写入IPv6或者IPv4-en协议头中，生成第一IP协议报文。可选地，RAN基于事件上报执行结果(获取的检测信息)。
步骤13，UPF基于第一IP协议报文执行检测指令，并生成第二IP协议报文。
当UPF接收到RAN侧发送的第一IP协议报文时，根据第一IP协议报文中的第一字段执行具体的检测指令，并剥离第一字段生成第二IP协议报文，最后将第二IP协议报文通过N6接口发送给DN。
步骤14-16，SMF配置RAN-UPF之间的N3下行通道，完成后RAN-UPF之间的N3下行传输通道建立完成，此时UPF可以发送DL数据报文给UE。
步骤17，UPF向RAN发送第三IP协议报文。
当UPF发送DL数据报文时，UPF执行Actions for DL，并根据Actions for DL以及执行结果(获取的检测信息)生成第一字段，然后写入IP协议头中，生成第三IP协议报文。UPF基于事件上报执行结果(获取的检测信息)。
可选地，UPF根据PDR中的packet filter对应的Flow ID写入第一字段中。
步骤18，RAN向UE发送第二接入网报文。
当RAN侧接收到UPF发送的第三IP协议报文时，根据第三IP协议报文中的第一字段执行具体的检测指令，并根据执行结果修改第一字段或者重新生成第一字段，然后重新写入接入网协议头中，生成第二接入网报文。RAN基于事件上报执行结果(获取的检测信息)。
步骤19，UE基于接入网报文执行随流检测。
可以理解，为了实现蜂窝网络与传输网络的协同检测，图8中的数据流是业务流，业务流的标识为全局Flow ID，即蜂窝网络与传输网络均可以识别的标识，以实现蜂窝网与 传输网协同检测，且是业务流粒度的检测。相应的，在图8中的流程中，若基于事件上报执行结果，可以业务流粒度上报。
还可以理解，本申请实施例中的图7至图8中的例子仅仅是为了便于本领域技术人员理解本申请实施例，并非要将本申请实施例限于例示的具体场景。本领域技术人员根据图7至图8的例子，显然可以进行各种等价的修改或变化，这样的修改或变化也落入本申请实施例的范围内。
还可以理解，本申请实施例中的一些可选的特征，在某些场景下，可以不依赖于其他特征，比如其当前所基于的方案，而独立实施，解决相应的技术问题，达到相应的效果，也可以在某些场景下，依据需求与其他特征进行结合。相应的，本申请实施例中给出的装置也可以相应的实现这些特征或功能，在此不予赘述。
还可以理解，本申请实施例的各个方案可以进行合理的组合使用，并且实施例中出现的各个术语的解释或说明可以在各个实施例中互相参考或解释，对此不作限定。
还可以理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定。上述各个过程涉及的各种数字编号或序号仅为描述方便进行的区分，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
上述本申请提供的实施例中，分别从各个网元本身、以及从各个网元之间交互的角度对本申请实施例提供的传输业务的方法的各方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是，各个网元和设备为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
相应于上述方法实施例给出的方法，本申请实施例还提供了相应的装置，所述装置包括用于执行上述实施例相应的模块。所述模块可以是软件，也可以是硬件，或者是软件和硬件结合。可以理解的是，方法实施例所描述的技术特征同样适用于以下装置实施例。
图9示出了本申请实施例提供的检测数据流的装置1600。该装置1600包括：收发单元1610和处理单元1620。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该装置1600可以是前述实施例中的用户面功能网元，也可以是用户面功能网元中的芯片。该装置1600可实现对应于上文方法实施例中的用户面功能网元执行的步骤或者流程，其中，收发单元1610用于执行上文方法实施例中用户面功能网元的收发相关的操作，处理单元1620用于执行上文方法实施例中用户面功能网元的处理相关的操作。
收发单元1610，用于接收来自会话管理网元的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。
处理单元1620，用于根据所述第一指示信息，对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。
可选地，所述装置为下行的首节点，所述收发单元1610还用于，接收第一检测动作的信息，所述第一检测动作用于所述数据流；所述处理单元1620用于对所述终端设备的 数据流进行随流检测，包括：调用所述收发单元1610接收所述数据流的第一数据报文；对所述第一数据报文执行所述第一检测动作的信息所指示的检测动作。
可选地，所述第一数据报文是第一下行数据报文，所述处理单元1620还用于根据所述第一检测动作的信息，生成第一检测规则；调用所述收发单元1610向下一跳节点发送第二下行数据报文，所述第二下行数据报文包括所述第一检测规则，所述第一检测规则指示所述下一跳节点对所述第二下行数据报文进行随流检测的动作。
可选地，所述第二下行数据报文携带第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述下一跳节点对所述第二下行数据报文进行随流检测。
所述收发单元1610还用于，接收来自所述会话管理网元的第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元为下行的首节点。
可选地，所述第二下行数据报文为IPv6报文、IPv4报文、SRV6报文、以太报文或者GTPU协议报文。
可选地，所述第一数据报文是第一上行数据报文。所述处理单元1620用于对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，包括：所述第一上行数据报文携带第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元进行随流检测；调用所述收发单元1610向下一跳节点发送第二上行数据报文，所述第二上行数据报文中不包括所述第三指示信息。
可选地，所述收发单元1610还用于，接收来自所述会话管理网元的第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元为上行的尾节点。
可选地，所述第二上行数据报文为IPv6报文、IPv4报文、SRV6报文、以太报文或者GTPU协议报文。
可选地，所述第一上行数据报文为IPv6报文、IPv4报文、SRV6报文、以太报文或者GTPU协议报文。
可选地，所述第一数据报文携带第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元对所述第一数据报文进行随流检测；所述收发单元1610还用于向下一跳节点发送第二数据报文，所述第二数据报文携带第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示所述下一跳节点对所述第二数据报文进行随流检测。
可选地，所述数据流为服务质量流，所述第一指示信息包括所述QoS流的标识。
可选地，所述数据流为业务流，所述第一指示信息包括所述业务流的标识。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，该装置1600可以是前述实施例中的终端设备，也可以是终端设备中的芯片。该装置1600可实现对应于上文方法实施例中的终端设备执行的步骤或者流程，其中，收发单元1610用于执行上文方法实施例中终端设备的收发相关的操作，处理单元1620用于执行上文方法实施例中终端设备的处理相关的操作。
收发单元1610，用于接收来自会话管理网元的第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示所述终端设备对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。
处理单元1620，用于根据所述第五指示信息，对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。
可选地，所述收发单元1610还用于，接收第二检测动作的信息，所述第二检测动作用于数据流。
所述处理单元1620用于对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，包括：接收所述数 据流的第三数据报文；对所述数据流的第三数据报文，执行所述第二检测动作的信息所指示的检测动作。
可选地，所述第三数据报文是第三上行数据报文，所述处理单元1620还用于根据所述第二检测动作的信息，生成第二检测规则；调用所述收发单元1610向接入网设备发送第四上行数据报文，所述第四上行数据报文包括第二检测规则，所述第二检测规则指示所述接入网设备对所述第四上行数据报文进行随流检测的动作。
可选地，所述第四上行数据报文携带第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述接入网设备对所述第四上行数据报文进行随流检测。
可选地，所述收发单元1610还用于，接收来自所述会话管理网元的第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示所述终端设备为上行的首节点。
可选地，所述第三数据报文是第三下行数据报文；所述处理单元1620用于对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，包括：所述第三下行数据报文包括第七指示信息，所述第七指示信息用于指示所述终端设备对所述第三下行数据报文进行随流检测；根据所述第七指示信息对所述第三下行数据报文进行随流检测。
可选地，所述收发单元1610还用于，接收来自所述会话管理网元的第四信息，所述第四信息用于指示所述终端设备为下行的尾节点。
可选地，所述数据流为服务质量流，所述第五指示信息包括服务质量QoS流标识。
可选地，所述数据流为业务流，所述第五指示信息包括所述业务流的标识。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，该装置1600可以是前述实施例中的接入网设备，也可以是接入网设备中的芯片。该装置1600可实现对应于上文方法实施例中的接入网设备执行的步骤或者流程，其中，收发单元1610用于执行上文方法实施例中接入网设备的收发相关的操作，处理单元1620用于执行上文方法实施例中接入网设备的处理相关的操作。
收发单元1610，用于接收来自会话管理网元的第八指示信息，所述第八指示信息用于指示所述接入网设备对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。
处理单元1620，用于根据所述第八指示信息，对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。
可选地，在上行传输中，所述处理单元1620用于根据所述第八指示信息，对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，包括：调用所述收发单元1610接收来自终端设备的第四上行数据报文，所述第四上行数据报文包括第二检测规则，所述第二检测规则指示所述接入网设备对所述第四上行数据报文进行随流检测的动作；根据所述第二检测规则执行随流检测，获得执行结果；基于所述执行结果生成第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示用户面功能网元进行随流检测；调用所述收发单元1610向所述用户面功能网元发送第一上行数据报文，所述第一上行数据报文携带所述第三指示信息。
可选地，所述第一上行数据报文为IPv6报文、IPv4报文、SRV6报文、以太报文或者分组无线服务技术用户面隧道协议GTPU报文。
可选地，所述第四上行数据报文为接入网协议报文。
可选地，在下行传输中，所述收发单元1610还用于，接收第二下行数据报文，所述第二下行数据报文包括所述第一检测规则，所述第一检测规则指示所述接入网对所述第二下行数据报文进行随流检测的动作；所述处理单元1620还用于根据所述第二指示信息执 行随流检测，获得执行结果。
可选地，所述处理单元1620还用于生成第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示终端设备进行随流检测；所述收发单元1610还用于，向所述终端设备发送第三下行数据报文，所述第三下行数据报文包括第七指示信息，所述第七指示信息用于指示所述终端设备对所述第三下行数据报文进行随流检测。
可选地，所述第二下行数据报文为IPv6报文、IPv4报文、SRV6报文、以太报文或者分组无线服务技术用户面隧道协议GTPU报文。
可选地，所述第三下行数据报文为接入网协议报文。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，该装置1600可以是前述实施例中的控制面网元，也可以是控制面网元中的芯片。该装置1600可实现对应于上文方法实施例中的控制面网元执行的步骤或者流程，其中，收发单元1610用于执行上文方法实施例中控制面网元的收发相关的操作，处理单元1620用于执行上文方法实施例中控制面网元的处理相关的操作。
所述处理单元1620用于生成第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测；所述收发单元1610，用于向用户面网元发送第一指示信息。
可选地，所述收发单元1610还用于，从应用功能网元或网管接收所述数据流的标识。
可选地，所述收发单元1610还用于，向所述用户面功能网元发送第一检测动作的信息，所述第一检测动作用于下行数据流。
可选地，所述收发单元1610还用于，向所述用户面功能网元发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元为下行的首节点。
可选地，所述收发单元1610还用于，向所述用户面功能网元发送第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元为上行的尾节点。
或者，所述处理单元1620用于生成第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示所述终端设备对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测；所述收发单元1610用于向终端设备发送第五指示信息。
可选地，所述收发单元1610还用于，向所述终端设备发送第二检测动作的信息，所述第二检测动作用于上行数据流。
可选地，所述收发单元1610还用于，向所述终端设备发送第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示所述终端设备为上行的首节点。
可选地，所述收发单元1610还用于，向所述终端设备发送第四信息，所述第四信息用于指示所述终端设备为下行的尾节点。
在上述实现方式中，可选地，所述数据流为服务质量流QoS，所述第一指示信息包括所述QoS流的标识，所述第五指示信息包括所述QoS流的标识。
在上述实现方式中，可选地，所述数据流为业务流，所述第一指示信息包括所述业务流的标识，所述第五指示信息包括所述QoS流的标识。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，该装置1600可以是前述实施例中的管理面网元，也可以是管理面网元中的芯片。该装置1600可实现对应于上文方法实施例中的管理面网元执行的步骤或者流程，其中，收发单元1610用于执行上文方法实施例中管理面网元的收发相关的操作，处理单元1620用于执行上文方法实施例中管理面网元的处理相关的操作。
当所述装置1600作为管理面网元时，收发单元1610与处理单元1620执行的步骤或流程可以参考所述装置1600作为控制面网元的描述，这里不作赘述。应理解，这里的装置1600以功能单元的形式体现。这里的术语“单元”可以指应用特有集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、电子电路、用于执行一个或多个软件或固件程序的处理器(例如共享处理器、专有处理器或组处理器等)和存储器、合并逻辑电路和/或其它支持所描述的功能的合适组件。在一个可选例子中，本领域技术人员可以理解，装置1600可以具体为上述实施例中的用户面功能网元，可以用于执行上述方法实施例中与用户面功能网元对应的各个流程和/或步骤，或者，装置1600可以具体为上述实施例中的终端设备，可以用于执行上述方法实施例中与终端设备对应的各个流程和/或步骤，或者，装置1600可以具体为上述实施例中的接入网设备，可以用于执行上述方法实施例中与接入网设备对应的各个流程和/或步骤，或者，装置1600可以具体为上述实施例中的控制面网元(比如策略控制功能网元或会话管理网元)，可以用于执行上述方法实施例中与控制面网元对应的各个流程和/或步骤，为避免重复，在此不再赘述。
上述各个方案的装置1600具有实现上述方法中用户面功能网元所执行的相应步骤的功能，或者，上述各个方案的装置1600具有实现上述方法中终端设备所执行的相应步骤的功能，或者，上述各个方案的装置1600具有实现上述方法中接入网设备所执行的相应步骤的功能，或者，上述各个方案的装置1600具有实现上述方法中控制面网元(比如策略控制功能网元或会话管理网元)所执行的相应步骤的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块；例如收发单元可以由收发机替代(例如，收发单元中的发送单元可以由发送机替代，收发单元中的接收单元可以由接收机替代)，其它单元，如处理单元等可以由处理器替代，分别执行各个方法实施例中的收发操作以及相关的处理操作。
此外，上述收发单元还可以是收发电路(例如可以包括接收电路和发送电路)，处理单元可以是处理电路。在本申请的实施例，图9中的装置可以是前述实施例中的网元或设备，也可以是芯片或者芯片系统，例如：片上系统(system on chip，SoC)。其中，收发单元可以是输入输出电路、通信接口；处理单元为该芯片上集成的处理器或者微处理器或者集成电路。在此不做限定。
图10示出了本申请实施例提供的另一检测数据流的装置1700。该装置1700包括处理器1710和收发器1720。其中，处理器1710和收发器1720通过内部连接通路互相通信，该处理器1710用于执行指令，以控制该收发器1720发送信号和/或接收信号。
可选地，该装置1700还可以包括存储器1730，该存储器1730与处理器1710、收发器1720通过内部连接通路互相通信。该存储器1730用于存储指令，该处理器1710可以执行该存储器1730中存储的指令。在一种可能的实现方式中，装置1700用于实现上述方法实施例中的用户面功能网元对应的各个流程和步骤。在另一种可能的实现方式中，装置1700用于实现上述方法实施例中的终端设备对应的各个流程和步骤。在另一种可能的实现方式中，装置1700用于实现上述方法实施例中的接入网设备对应的各个流程和步骤。在另一种可能的实现方式中，装置1700用于实现上述方法实施例中的控制面网元(比如策略控制功能网元或会话管理网元)对应的各个流程和步骤。
应理解，装置1700可以具体为上述实施例中的用户面功能网元、终端设备、接入网 设备或控制面网元(比如策略控制功能网元或会话管理网元)，也可以是芯片或者芯片系统。对应的，该收发器1720可以是该芯片的收发电路，在此不做限定。具体地，该装置1700可以用于执行上述方法实施例中与用户面功能网元、终端设备、接入网设备或控制面网元(比如策略控制功能网元或会话管理网元)对应的各个步骤和/或流程。可选地，该存储器1730可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器提供指令和数据。存储器的一部分还可以包括非易失性随机存取存储器。例如，存储器还可以存储设备类型的信息。该处理器1710可以用于执行存储器中存储的指令，并且当该处理器1710执行存储器中存储的指令时，该处理器1710用于执行上述与用户面功能网元、终端设备、接入网设备或控制面网元(比如策略控制功能网元或会话管理网元)对应的方法实施例的各个步骤和/或流程。
在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。为避免重复，这里不再详细描述。
应注意，本申请实施例中的处理器可以是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法实施例的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
可以理解，本申请实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。应注意，本文描述的系统和方法的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序代码，当该计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行图4至图8所示的实施例中用户面功能网元、终端设备、接入网设备或控制面网元(比如策略控制功能网元或会话管理网元)执行的各个步骤或流程。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质存储有程序代码，当该程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行图4至图8所示的实施例中用户面功能网元、终端设备、接入网设备或控制面网元(比如策略控制功能网元或会话管理网元)执行的各个步骤或流程。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供一种通信系统，其包括前述的用户面功能网元、终端设备、接入网设备或控制面网元(比如策略控制功能网元或会话管理网元)。
应理解，本文中的“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a、b和c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，或b，或c，或a和b，或a和c，或b和c，或a、b和c，其中a，b，c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
在本说明书中使用的术语“部件”、“模块”、“系统”等用于表示计算机相关的实体、硬件、固件、硬件和软件的组合、软件、或执行中的软件。例如，部件可以是但不限于，在处理器上运行的进程、处理器、对象、可执行文件、执行线程、程序和/或计算机。通过图示，在计算设备上运行的应用和计算设备都可以是部件。一个或多个部件可驻留在进程和/或执行线程中，部件可位于一个计算机上和/或分布在两个或更多个计算机之间。此外，这些部件可从在上面存储有各种数据结构的各种计算机可读存储介质执行。部件可例如根据具有一个或多个数据分组(例如来自与本地系统、分布式系统和/或网络间的另一部件交互的二个部件的数据，例如通过信号与其它系统交互的互联网)的信号通过本地和/或远程进程来通信。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种检测数据流的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    用户面功能网元接收来自会话管理网元的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测；
    所述用户面功能网元根据所述第一指示信息，对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述用户面功能网元接收第一检测动作的信息，所述第一检测动作用于所述数据流；
    所述用户面功能网元对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，包括：
    接收所述数据流的第一数据报文；
    对所述第一数据报文执行所述第一检测动作的信息所指示的检测动作。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据报文是第一下行数据报文，所述方法还包括：
    所述用户面功能网元根据所述第一检测动作的信息，生成第一检测规则；
    向下一跳节点发送第二下行数据报文，所述第二下行数据报文包括所述第一检测规则，所述第一检测规则指示所述下一跳节点对所述第二下行数据报文进行随流检测的动作。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二下行数据报文携带第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述下一跳节点对所述第二下行数据报文进行随流检测。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二下行数据报文为IPv6报文、IPv4报文、SRV6报文、以太报文或者分组无线服务技术用户面隧道协议GTPU报文。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据报文是第一上行数据报文，所述第一上行数据报文携带第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元进行随流检测；
    所述方法还包括：
    所述用户面功能网元向下一跳节点发送第二上行数据报文，所述第二上行数据报文中不包括所述第三指示信息。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二上行数据报文为IPv6报文、IPv4报文、SRV6报文、以太报文或者分组无线服务技术用户面隧道协议GTPU报文。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一上行数据报文为IPv6报文、IPv4报文、SRV6报文、以太报文或者分组无线服务技术用户面隧道协议GTPU报文。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据报文携带第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示所述用户面功能网元对所述第一数据报文进行随流检测；
    所述方法还包括：
    所述用户面功能网元向下一跳节点发送第二数据报文，所述第二数据报文携带第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示所述下一跳节点对所述第二数据报文进行随流检测。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据流为服务质量流，所述第一指示信息包括所述QoS流的标识。
  11. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据流为业务流， 所述第一指示信息包括所述业务流的标识。
  12. 一种检测数据流的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端设备接收来自会话管理网元的第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示所述终端设备对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测；
    所述终端设备根据所述第五指示信息，对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备接收第二检测动作的信息，所述第二检测动作用于数据流；
    所述终端设备对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，包括：
    所述终端设备接收所述数据流的第三数据报文；
    所述终端设备对所述第三数据报文，执行所述第二检测动作的信息所指示的检测动作。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三数据报文是第三上行数据报文，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备根据所述第二检测动作的信息，生成第二检测规则；
    所述终端设备向接入网设备发送第四上行数据报文，所述第四上行数据报文包括第二检测规则，所述第二检测规则指示所述接入网设备对所述第四上行数据报文进行随流检测的动作。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第四上行数据报文携带第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示所述接入网设备对所述第四上行数据报文进行随流检测。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三数据报文是第三下行数据报文，
    所述第三下行数据报文包括第七指示信息，所述第七指示信息用于指示所述终端设备对所述第三下行数据报文进行随流检测；
    所述终端设备对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，包括：所述终端设备根据所述第七指示信息对所述第三下行数据报文进行随流检测。
  17. 根据权利要求12至16中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据流为服务质量流，所述第五指示信息包括服务质量QoS流标识。
  18. 根据权利要求12至16中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据流为业务流，所述第五指示信息包括所述业务流的标识。
  19. 一种检测数据流的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接入网设备接收来自会话管理网元的第八指示信息，所述第八指示信息用于指示所述接入网设备对终端设备的数据流进行随流检测；
    所述接入网设备根据所述第八指示信息，对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，在上行传输中，所述接入网设备根据所述第八指示信息，对所述终端设备的数据流进行随流检测，包括：
    所述接入网设备接收来自终端设备的第四上行数据报文，所述第四上行数据报文包括第二检测规则，所述第二检测规则指示所述接入网设备对所述第四上行数据报文进行随流检测的动作；
    所述接入网设备根据所述第二检测规则执行随流检测，获得执行结果。
  21. 根据权利要求19或20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入网设备生成第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示用户面功能网元进行随流检测；
    所述接入网设备向所述用户面功能网元发送第一上行数据报文，所述第一上行数据报文携带所述第三指示信息。
  22. 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一上行数据报文为IPv6报文、IPv4报文、SRV6报文、以太报文或者分组无线服务技术用户面隧道协议GTPU报文。
  23. 根据权利要求20至22中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第四上行数据报文为接入网协议报文。
  24. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，在下行传输中，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入网设备接收第二下行数据报文，所述第二下行数据报文包括所述第一检测规则，所述第一检测规则指示所述接入网设备对所述第二下行数据报文进行随流检测的动作；
    所述接入网设备根据所述第二指示信息执行随流检测，获得执行结果。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入网设备生成第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示终端设备进行随流检测；
    所述接入网设备向所述终端设备发送第三下行数据报文，所述第三下行数据报文包括第七指示信息，所述第七指示信息用于指示所述终端设备对所述第三下行数据报文进行随流检测。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三下行数据报文为接入网协议报文。
  27. 根据权利要求24至26中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二下行数据报文为IPv6报文、IPv4报文、SRV6报文、以太报文或者分组无线服务技术用户面隧道协议GTPU报文。
  28. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，其特征在于，包括用于实现如权利要求1至27中任一项所述的方法的单元。
  29. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理器，用于执行存储器中存储的计算机指令，以使得所述装置执行：如权利要求1至27中任一项所述的方法。
  30. 一种计算机存储介质，其特征在于，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被计算机执行时，以使得实现如权利要求1至27中任一项所述的方法。
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