WO2023287090A1 - 광학 적층체 및 이의 제조방법과, 이를 포함하는 스마트 윈도우, 이를 적용한 자동차 및 건물용 창호 - Google Patents
광학 적층체 및 이의 제조방법과, 이를 포함하는 스마트 윈도우, 이를 적용한 자동차 및 건물용 창호 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023287090A1 WO2023287090A1 PCT/KR2022/009598 KR2022009598W WO2023287090A1 WO 2023287090 A1 WO2023287090 A1 WO 2023287090A1 KR 2022009598 W KR2022009598 W KR 2022009598W WO 2023287090 A1 WO2023287090 A1 WO 2023287090A1
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- conductive layer
- transparent conductive
- polarizing plate
- optical laminate
- layer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/13439—Electrodes characterised by their electrical, optical, physical properties; materials therefor; method of making
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J3/00—Antiglare equipment associated with windows or windscreens; Sun visors for vehicles
- B60J3/04—Antiglare equipment associated with windows or windscreens; Sun visors for vehicles adjustable in transparency
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
- E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
- E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
- E06B2009/2464—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds featuring transparency control by applying voltage, e.g. LCD, electrochromic panels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
- G02F2202/36—Micro- or nanomaterials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a variable transmittance optical laminate, a manufacturing method thereof, a smart window including the same, and windows and doors for automobiles or buildings to which the same is applied.
- an external light blocking coating is applied to a window of a means of transportation such as a vehicle.
- the transmittance of a window of a conventional means of transportation is fixed, and the external light blocking coating also has a fixed transmittance. Therefore, the entire transmittance of the window of the conventional means of transportation is fixed, which may cause an accident. For example, if the overall transmittance is set low, there is no problem during the day when the ambient light is sufficient. However, there is a problem in that a driver or the like may have difficulty in properly checking the surroundings of the means of transportation at night when the amount of ambient light is not sufficient.
- variable transmittance optical laminate is driven by driving the liquid crystal according to the application of voltage and changing the transmittance.
- a conductive layer for driving the liquid crystal is formed on a separate substrate, It is manufactured by combining this with other elements such as a polarizing plate.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2018-010035 also bonded a transparent electrode layer formed on a transparent film-like substrate or the like having a predetermined thickness to a polarizing plate to prepare a variable transmittance optical laminate.
- variable transmittance optical laminate capable of simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing the thickness.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a variable transmittance optical laminate having a simplified manufacturing process by not including a separate substrate for forming a conductive layer.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a variable transmittance optical laminate having a significantly reduced thickness by not including a separate substrate for forming a conductive layer.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a variable transmittance optical laminate having improved transmittance in a light transmission mode by not including a separate substrate for forming a conductive layer.
- an object of the present invention is to improve the adhesion between the polarizing plate and the conductive layer by providing a coating layer containing nanoparticles between the polarizer and the conductive layer.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a smart window including the variable transmittance optical laminate and a window for a vehicle or building to which the same is applied.
- the present invention a first polarizing plate; a first transparent conductive layer formed on an inner surface of the first polarizing plate; a second polarizing plate facing the first polarizing plate; a second transparent conductive layer formed on an inner surface of the second polarizing plate and facing the first transparent conductive layer; a liquid crystal layer provided between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer; and an alignment layer formed on an inner surface of the transparent conductive layer, wherein at least one transparent conductive layer of the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer is formed in direct contact with the first polarizing plate or the second polarizing plate.
- At least one of the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate includes a polarizer and a coating layer provided between the polarizer and the transparent conductive layer, and the coating layer relates to a variable transmittance optical laminate including nanoparticles.
- the nanoparticles may include silica particles.
- the nanoparticles may have a particle diameter of 50 nm or less.
- the coating layer may have a thickness of 3 to 10 ⁇ m.
- At least one transparent conductive layer of the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer does not include a separate substrate between the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate, and the polarizing plate It may be formed in direct contact with.
- At least one transparent conductive layer of the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer includes an easy-adhesive layer between the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate, and the polarizing plate and It may be formed by direct contact.
- At least one transparent conductive layer of the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer is a group consisting of a transparent conductive oxide, a metal, a carbon-based material, a conductive polymer, a conductive ink, and a nanowire. It may include one or more selected from.
- At least one of the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer may have visible light transmittance of 50% or more.
- At least one of the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate may further include at least one of a protective film and an optical function film.
- the protective film comprises polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene isophthalate (PEI), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polybutylene terephthalate Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), diacetyl cellulose, triacetyl cellulose (TAC), polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl acrylate (PMA), polymethyl methacrylate At least one selected from the group consisting of (polymethyl methacrylate; PMMA), polyethyl acrylate (PEA), polyethyl methacrylate (PEMA), and cyclic olefin polymer (COP) It may contain.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PEI polyethylene isophthalate
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate
- TAC triacetyl cellulose
- PC polycarbonate
- PMA polymethyl acrylate
- PMA polymethyl methacrylate
- COP cyclic olefin
- At least one of the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate may have a thickness of 30 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- the liquid crystal layer may include at least one selected from the group consisting of a ball spacer and a column spacer.
- the ball spacer may have a diameter of 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
- the area occupied by the ball spacer in the liquid crystal layer may be 0.01% to 10% of the area of the liquid crystal layer.
- the present invention may further include a refractive index adjusting layer having a refractive index of 1.4 to 2.6.
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing the variable transmittance optical laminate.
- the present invention relates to a smart window including the variable transmittance optical laminate.
- the present invention relates to a vehicle in which the smart window is applied to at least one or more of a front window, a rear window, a side window, a sunroof window, and an interior partition.
- the present invention relates to a window for a building, including the smart window.
- variable transmittance optical laminate According to the variable transmittance optical laminate according to the present invention, it is possible to omit the process of forming a conductive layer on a substrate and bonding it to another member in order to form a conventional optical laminate. Contrast manufacturing process can be simplified.
- the conductive layer is formed directly on one surface of the polarizing plate, and the thickness is significantly reduced compared to the conventional optical laminate by not including a separate substrate for forming the conductive layer. it could be
- variable transmittance optical laminate according to the present invention, a conductive layer is directly formed on one surface of the polarizing plate, and a separate substrate for forming the conductive layer is not included, so that the transmittance in the light transmission mode is higher than that of the conventional optical laminate. this may be improved.
- variable transmittance optical laminate by providing a coating layer containing nanoparticles between the polarizer and the conductive layer, the polarizer may be protected and the adhesion between the polarizer and the conductive layer may be further improved.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a laminated structure of a variable transmittance optical laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an expanded structure of a variable transmittance optical stack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG 3 is a view showing a laminated structure of a variable transmittance optical laminate further including a refractive index control layer according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a laminated structure of a variable transmittance optical laminate formed on one side of which is an adhesive according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a laminated structure of a variable transmittance optical laminate having a sealant according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention does not include a separate substrate for forming the conductive layer by directly forming a conductive layer for driving liquid crystal on one side of the polarizer, and provides a coating layer containing nanoparticles between the polarizer and the conductive layer, thereby forming a polarizer and It relates to a variable transmittance optical laminate capable of further improving the adhesion of a conductive layer.
- a first polarizing plate a first transparent conductive layer formed on an inner surface of the first polarizing plate; a second polarizing plate facing the first polarizing plate; a second transparent conductive layer formed on an inner surface of the second polarizing plate and facing the first transparent conductive layer; a liquid crystal layer provided between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer; and an alignment layer formed on an inner surface of the transparent conductive layer, wherein at least one transparent conductive layer of the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer is formed in direct contact with the first polarizing plate or the second polarizing plate.
- At least one of the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate includes a polarizer and a coating layer provided between the polarizer and the transparent conductive layer, and the coating layer relates to a variable transmittance optical laminate including nanoparticles.
- variable transmittance optical laminate of the present invention is particularly suitable for technical fields capable of changing light transmittance according to the application of voltage, and can be used, for example, in a smart window.
- a smart window refers to a window that controls the amount of light or heat passing through by changing the transmittance of light according to the application of an electrical signal. That is, the smart window is provided to be changed into a transparent, opaque or translucent state by voltage, and is also called variable transmittance glass, dimming glass, or “smart” glass.
- a smart window can be used as a partition for partitioning the interior space of vehicles and buildings or for protecting privacy, or as a skylight placed in an opening of a building, and can be used as a highway sign, bulletin board, scoreboard, clock or advertising screen. It can also be used, and it can be used as a substitute for the glass of vehicles such as windows or sunroofs of cars, buses, aircrafts, ships, or trains.
- variable transmittance optical laminate of the present invention can also be used as a smart window in the various technical fields described above, but since the transparent conductive layer is directly formed on the polarizer, it does not include a separate substrate for forming the transparent conductive layer and thus has a thickness It is thin and advantageous in bending properties, so it can be particularly suitably used for smart windows for vehicles or buildings.
- the smart window to which the variable transmittance optical laminate of the present invention is applied can be used for front windows, rear windows, side windows and sunroof windows of vehicles, or windows and doors for buildings, In addition to the use of blocking external light, it can also be used for partitioning the interior space of a car or building, such as an interior partition, or for protecting privacy.
- the "inner surface” may refer to a surface in the direction of the inner layer corresponding to the outer layer of the laminate, and may refer to a surface in the direction of the liquid crystal layer as an example, but is not limited thereto.
- spatially relative terms “below”, “bottom”, “lower”, “above”, “upper”, “upper”, etc. refer to one element or component and another element or component as shown in the drawings. It can be used to easily describe the correlation with Spatially relative terms should be understood as encompassing different orientations of elements in use or operation in addition to the orientations shown in the figures. For example, when elements shown in the drawings are turned over, elements described as “below” or “below” other elements may be placed “above” the other elements. Accordingly, the exemplary term “below” may include directions of both down and up. Elements may also be oriented in other orientations, and thus spatially relative terms may be interpreted according to orientation.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing a laminated structure of a variable transmittance optical laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a laminated structure of a variable transmittance optical laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention in an expanded view. It is also
- the variable transmittance optical laminate 100 or 200 includes a liquid crystal layer 110, a first polarizing plate 120-1, and a second polarizing plate 120-2.
- the first transparent conductive layer 130-1, the second transparent conductive layer 130-2, and the alignment layers 140-1 and 140-2, and the first polarizing plate 120-1 is It may include a first protective film 121-1, a first polarizer 122-1, and a first coating layer 123-1
- the second polarizing plate 120-2 may also include the first polarizing plate 120 -1) may include a protective film 121-2, a polarizer 122-2, and a coating layer 123-2, respectively.
- the liquid crystal layer 110 is driven by an electric field.
- the liquid crystal layer 110 may be positioned between the first polarizing plate 120 - 1 and the second polarizing plate 120 - 2 positioned in the light control area of the optical stack 100 .
- the liquid crystal layer 110 may include a sealant (not shown) and a spacer (not shown) provided between the first polarizing plate 120-1 and the second polarizing plate 120-2 in the light control area. ) can be located within the space provided by
- the liquid crystal layer 110 can adjust transmittance of light incident from an external light source according to an electric field formed between the first transparent conductive layer 130-1 or the second transparent conductive layer 130-2.
- the liquid crystal layer 110 may be driven by a conventional or later developed liquid crystal behavior method, and for example, a twisted nematic (TN) mode or a super twisted nematic (STN) mode may be used.
- TN twisted nematic
- STN super twisted nematic
- the liquid crystal layer 110 may include one or more spacers selected from the group consisting of a ball spacer and a column spacer, and in particular, a ball spacer. (Ball spacer) is preferred.
- the ball spacer may be one or more, and preferably has a diameter of 1 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the area occupied by the ball spacer in the liquid crystal layer 110 is, in terms of user visibility and transmittance improvement in the light transmission mode, the liquid crystal layer ( 110) is preferably 0.01 to 10% with respect to the area.
- the first polarizing plate 120 - 1 and the second polarizing plate 120 - 2 may be positioned to face each other with the liquid crystal layer 110 interposed therebetween.
- the first polarizing plate 120-1 and the second polarizing plate 120-2 transmit sporadically pouring light in one direction and adjust the amount of light passing through using the polarization property of the polarizing plate 120. This may be for adjusting the transmittance of the optical laminate.
- the first polarizing plate 120-1 may include a first protective film 121-1, a first polarizer 122-1, and a first coating layer 123-1.
- a first coating layer 123-1, a first polarizer 122-1, and a first protective film 121-1 may be sequentially stacked on the upper surface of the first transparent conductive layer 130-1.
- the second polarizing plate 120-2 may be substantially the same as the first polarizing plate 120-1, and for example, a second coating layer on the lower surface of the second transparent conductive layer 130-2 ( 123-2), the second polarizer 122-2, and the second protective film 121-2 may be sequentially stacked.
- the protective films 121-1 and 121-2 may be for protecting the polarizers 122-1 and 122-2 and the coating layers 123-1 and 123-2 from subsequent processes and external environments.
- the protective films 121-1 and 121-2 may be formed by directly contacting one surface of the polarizers 122-1 and 122-2 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, but are not limited thereto.
- the protective layer may be used as a multi-layer structure in which one or more protective layers are continuously stacked, or may be formed on an upper surface of another member.
- the protective films 121-1 and 121-2 may include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene isophthalate (PEI), or polyethylene naphthalate (polyethylene naphthalate; polyester resins such as PEN) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT); cellulosic resins such as diacetyl cellulose and triacetyl cellulose (TAC); polycarbonate (PC) resin; polyethylene (PE) resin; polypropylene (PP) resin; acrylic resins such as polymethyl acrylate (PMA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethyl acrylate (PEA), and polyethyl methacrylate (PEMA); And it may include one or more selected from the group consisting of a cyclic olefin polymer (COP), and the like.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PEI polyethylene isophthalate
- PBT polyethylene naphthalate
- polyester resins such as PEN
- PBT polybuty
- An optical laminate according to another embodiment of the present invention may further include an optical function film.
- the optical function film is intended to supplement the optical characteristics of the optical laminate, and may be implemented in the form of a retardation film or the like, and a conventional or later developed retardation film may be used.
- a quarter wave plate (1/4 wave plate) or a half wave plate (1/2 wave plate) for delaying the phase of light may be used, and these may be used alone or in combination.
- the optical function film may be formed by directly contacting one surface of the polarizer, but is not limited thereto, and for example, a polarizer, a protective film, and an optical function film may be sequentially laminated.
- optical function film a stretched polymer film or a liquid crystal polymerization film obtained by stretching a polymer film capable of imparting optical anisotropy by stretching in an appropriate manner may be used.
- the stretched polymer film is made of polyolefin such as polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP), cyclo olefin polymer (COP) such as polynorbornene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polysulfone (PSU), acrylic resin, polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (polyethylene terephthalate; Polyester such as PET), polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or cellulose ester-based polymer such as triacetyl cellulose (TAC), or two types of monomers forming the polymer A polymer layer containing a copolymer of the above monomers or the like can be used.
- polyolefin such as polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP), cyclo olefin polymer (COP) such as polynorbornene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polysulfone (PSU), acrylic resin,
- a method of obtaining the stretched polymer film is not particularly limited, and may be obtained by, for example, stretching the polymer material after forming it into a film form.
- the forming method into the film form is not particularly limited, and it is possible to mold the film into a film by known methods such as injection molding, sheet molding, blow molding, injection blow molding, inflation molding, extrusion molding, foam molding, and cast molding. Secondary process molding methods such as molding and vacuum molding can also be used. Among them, extrusion molding and cast molding are preferably used.
- the unstretched film may be extruded using an extruder equipped with a T die, a circular die, or the like.
- the unstretched film can also be cast-molded by dissolving the various resin components using a solvent common to the various resin components, for example, a solvent such as chloroform or methylene dichloride, and then casting dry and solidifying the unstretched film.
- a solvent such as chloroform or methylene dichloride
- the polymer stretched film is uniaxially stretched in the mechanical flow direction (MD; Mechanical Direction, longitudinal direction or longitudinal direction) of the molded film, and in a direction (TD; Transverse Direction, transverse direction or width direction) that goes directly to the mechanical flow direction. It can be uniaxially stretched, or a biaxially stretched film can also be produced by stretching by a sequential biaxial stretching method of roll stretching and tenter stretching, a simultaneous biaxial stretching method by tenter stretching, a biaxial stretching method by tubular stretching, or the like.
- the liquid crystal polymerization film may include a reactive liquid crystal compound in a polymerized state.
- the reactive liquid crystal compound may refer to a compound including, for example, a mesogen skeleton and one or more polymerizable functional groups. These reactive liquid crystal compounds are variously known as so-called RM (Reactive Mesogen).
- the reactive liquid crystal compound may be polymerized by light or heat to form a cured film in which a polymer network is formed while maintaining a liquid crystal arrangement.
- the reactive liquid crystal compound may be a monofunctional or multifunctional reactive liquid crystal compound.
- the monofunctional reactive liquid crystal compound may be a compound having one polymerizable functional group
- the multifunctional reactive liquid crystal compound may refer to a compound containing two or more polymerizable functional groups.
- the optical function film may have a thickness of 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m in the case of a stretched polymer film and 0.1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m in the case of a liquid crystal polymerization film.
- a conventional or later developed polarizer may be used, for example, a stretch type polarizer or a coating type polarizer.
- the stretchable polarizer may include a stretched polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based resin.
- the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based resin may be a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin obtained by saponifying a polyvinyl acetate-based resin.
- Examples of the polyvinyl acetate-based resin include polyvinyl acetate, which is a homopolymer of vinyl acetate, and copolymers of vinyl acetate and other monomers copolymerizable therewith.
- the other monomers may include unsaturated carboxylic acid-based, unsaturated sulfonic acid-based, olefin-based, vinyl ether-based, and acrylamide-based monomers having an ammonium group.
- polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based resins include modified ones, and may be, for example, polyvinyl formal or polyvinyl acetal modified with aldehydes.
- the coating type polarizer may be formed of a liquid crystal coating composition, and in this case, the liquid crystal coating composition may include a reactive liquid crystal compound and a dichroic dye.
- the reactive liquid crystal compound may be equally applied to the above-described reactive liquid crystal compound of the optical function film.
- the dichroic dye is a component that is included in the composition for liquid crystal coating and imparts polarization characteristics, and has a property in which absorbance in the long-axis direction and absorbance in the short-axis direction of the molecule are different.
- the dichroic dye may use a conventional or later developed dichroic dye, and may include, for example, an acridine dye, an oxazine dye, a cyanine dye, a naphthalene dye, an azo dye, an anthraquinone dye, and the like, , These may be used alone or in combination.
- the liquid crystal coating composition may further include a solvent capable of dissolving the reactive liquid crystal compound and the dichroic dye, for example, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA), methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), xylene (xylene) and chloroform may be used.
- the liquid crystal coating composition may further include a leveling agent, a polymerization initiator, and the like within a range that does not impair the polarization properties of the coating film.
- the coating layer may have an elastic modulus of 10 MPa or more, preferably, 10 to 10 4 MPa. When the elastic modulus of the coating layer satisfies the above range, excellent adhesion and flexibility may be exhibited.
- the coating layer may be formed of a composition for forming a photocurable coating layer including a photopolymerizable compound and a photopolymerization initiator.
- the photopolymerizable compound is not particularly limited as long as the coating layer exhibits the above-mentioned elastic modulus range, and for example, an acrylic monomer, an epoxy monomer, a vinyl ether monomer, an oxetane monomer, etc. may be used, and the elasticity modulus improvement From this point of view, an epoxy-based monomer, a vinyl ether-based monomer, or an oxetane-based monomer may be preferably used. These can be used individually or in mixture of 2 or more types.
- the acrylic monomer is, for example, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, tert -Butyl (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, lauryl (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylate, 2-methoxy Ethyl (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, 4-hydroxy Butyl (meth) acrylate, glycerol mono (meth) acrylate, 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropy
- Examples of the epoxy-based monomer include aromatic epoxy compounds, alicyclic epoxy compounds, and aliphatic epoxy compounds.
- aromatic epoxy compound examples include diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, diglycidyl ether of bisphenol F, and phenoxy glycidyl ether.
- Examples of the alicyclic epoxy compound include dicyclopentadiene dioxide, limonene dioxide, 4-vinylcyclohexene dioxide, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, bis( 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl) adipate etc. are mentioned.
- Examples of the aliphatic epoxy compound include 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether, 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether, pentaerythritol tetraglycidyl ether, poly Tetramethylene glycol diglycidyl ether etc. are mentioned.
- vinyl ether monomer examples include diethylene glycol divinyl ether, triethylene glycol divinyl ether, cyclohexyl vinyl ether, polyethylene glycol divinyl ether, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol divinyl ether, and the like. can These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Oxetane-based monomers include, for example, 2-ethylhexyloxetane, xylylenebisoxetane, 3-ethyl-3-hydroxymethyloxetane, 1,4-bis[(3-ethyloxetane-3- yl) methoxymethyl] benzene, 3-ethyl-3- (2-ethylhexyloxymethyl) oxetane, bis (3-ethyl-3-oxetanylmethyl) ether, 3-ethyl-3- (phenoxy methyl)oxetane, 3-ethyl-3-(cyclohexyloxymethyl)oxetane, phenol novolaxoxetane, 1,3-bis[(3-ethyloxetan-3-yl)methoxy]benzene, etc. can be heard These can be used individually or in mixture of 2 or more types.
- a cationic initiator or a radical initiator commonly used in the art may be used, and examples of the cationic initiator include an onium salt compound, an iron-arene complex, and the like.
- onium salt compound examples include aromatic diazonium salts such as benzenediazonium hexafluoroantimonate, zendiazonium hexafluorophosphate, and benzenediazonium hexafluoroborate; diphenyliodonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate, diphenyliodonium hexafluoroantimonate, di(4-nonylphenyl)iodonium hexafluorophosphate, etc.
- aromatic diazonium salts such as benzenediazonium hexafluoroantimonate, zendiazonium hexafluorophosphate, and benzenediazonium hexafluoroborate
- diphenyliodonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate diphenyliodon
- Triphenylsulfonium hexafluorophosphate triphenylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate, triphenylsulfonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, diphenyl[4-(phenylthio)phenyl]sulfonium hexafluoro Antimonate, 4,4'-bis[diphenylsulfonio]diphenylsulfidebishexafluorophosphate, 4,4'-bis[di( ⁇ -hydroxyethoxy)phenylsulfonio]diphenyl Sulfidebishexafluoroantimonate, 4,4'-bis[di( ⁇ -hydroxyethoxy)phenylsulfonio]diphenylsulfidebishexafluorophosphate, 7-[di(p-toluyl )sulfoni
- iron-arene complex examples include xylene-cyclopentadienyl iron (II) hexafluoroantimonate, cumene-cyclopentadienyl iron (II) hexafluorophosphate, and xylene-cyclopentadienyl iron. (II)-tris(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanide etc. are mentioned.
- radical initiator examples include acetophenone-based, benzoin-based, benzophenone-based, thioxanthone-based, and triazine-based compounds. These can be used individually or in mixture of 2 or more types.
- the acetophenone-based compound for example, diethoxyacetophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, benzyldimethylketal, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-[ 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl]propan-1-one, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-methyl-2-morpholino-1-(4-methylthiophenyl)propan-1- one, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1-(4-morpholinophenyl)butan-1-one and 2-hydroxy2-methyl-1-[4-(1-methylvinyl)phenyl]propan- A 1-one oligomer etc. are mentioned.
- benzoin-based compound examples include benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, and benzoin isobutyl ether.
- the benzophenone-based compound for example, benzophenone, methyl o-benzoyl benzoate, 4-phenylbenzophenone, 4-benzoyl-4'-methyldiphenyl sulfide, 3,3',4,4'-tetra (t-butylperoxycarbonyl)benzophenone, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzophenone, etc. are mentioned.
- the thioxanthone compound is, for example, 2-isopropylthioxanthone, 4-isopropylthioxanthone, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, 2,4-dichlorothioxanthone, 1-chloro- 4-propoxythioxanthone etc. are mentioned.
- the triazine-based compound for example, 2,4-bis (trichloromethyl) -6- (4-methoxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis (trichloromethyl) -6-(4-methoxynaphthyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-6-piperonyl-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4 -bis(trichloromethyl)-6-(4-methoxystyryl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-6-[2-(5-methylfuran -2-yl) ethenyl] -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis (trichloromethyl) -6- [2- (furan-2-yl) ethenyl] -1,3,5 -triazine, 2,4-bis (trichloromethyl)-6-[2-(4-dieth
- the amount of the photopolymerization initiator is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 0.1 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the photopolymerizable compound. When the content is within the above range, it is cured to an appropriate level to form a coating layer exhibiting the above elastic modulus range.
- the thickness of the coating layer may be 3 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably, 3 to 7 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the coating layer is less than 3 ⁇ m, cohesive force and elastic modulus are low or it is difficult to express adhesion, and in particular, adhesion between the polarizer and the coating layer is deteriorated, and thus the function of protecting the polarizer may be deteriorated.
- the thickness of the coating layer exceeds 10 ⁇ m, a phase difference occurs, making it difficult to control transmittance, and particularly, adhesion between the conductive layer and the coating layer deteriorates, making it difficult to form the conductive layer.
- the coating layer may include nanoparticles to improve hardness and adhesion of the coating layer.
- the nanoparticles are not particularly limited as long as they can improve the hardness and adhesion of the coating layer to facilitate the formation of a conductive layer on a polarizing plate and stabilize the formed conductive layer, and may include, for example, silica particles. .
- the nanoparticles may have a particle size of 50 nm or less, preferably, 10 to 50 nm.
- the particle diameter of the nanoparticles exceeds 50 nm, a light leakage phenomenon may occur in the optical laminate due to polarization breakage, and thus light blocking properties in a light blocking mode may be deteriorated.
- the nanoparticles may be dispersed in an organic solvent to exist as a colloidal nanoparticle dispersion.
- the organic solvent may be appropriately selected within a range that does not impair the object of the present invention, and for example, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol, ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone, and the like may be used. there is.
- the amount of nanoparticles included in the nanoparticle dispersion is not particularly limited, but may be 10 to 60% by weight based on the total weight of the dispersion.
- the nanoparticle dispersion may be prepared by a method commonly used in the art, or a commercially available product may be purchased and used.
- the commercially available product is not particularly limited as long as it can achieve the object of the present invention, and examples thereof include "MA-ST (Nissan Chemical, particle size: 10 to 15 nm)" and "MA-ST-M (Nissan Chemical, particle size: 20 nm)".
- the nanoparticle dispersion may be 10 to 80% by weight, preferably 40 to 75% by weight, more preferably 50 to 70% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition for forming the coating layer. can When the content of the nanoparticle dispersion satisfies the above range, hardness, adhesion and transmittance of the coating layer may be improved.
- At least one of the first polarizing plate 120-1 and the second polarizing plate 120-2 may have a thickness of 30 to 200 ⁇ m, preferably 30 to 170 ⁇ m. It may be, more preferably, it may be 50 to 150 ⁇ m. In this case, while at least one of the first polarizing plate 120-1 and the second polarizing plate 120-2 maintains optical characteristics, it is possible to manufacture an optical laminate having a thin thickness.
- At least one of the first polarizing plate 120-1 and the second polarizing plate 120-2 may include a curved shape for manufacturing an optical laminate having a curved surface, for example, a liquid crystal layer.
- a curved shape for manufacturing an optical laminate having a curved surface for example, a liquid crystal layer.
- the two different polarizing plates 120 - 1 and 120 - 2 stacked on both sides of 110 it may be formed in a shape curved toward one of the polarizing plates.
- the transparent conductive layers 130-1 and 130-2 are formed on the first transparent conductive layer 130-1 provided on one surface of the first polarizing plate 120-1 and on one surface of the second polarizing plate 120-2. It may include a second transparent conductive layer 130-2 provided on the.
- At least one transparent conductive layer of the first transparent conductive layer 130-1 and the second transparent conductive layer 130-2 is at least one of the first polarizing plate 120-1 and the second polarizing plate 120-2.
- may be formed in direct contact with the polarizing plate for example, the first transparent conductive layer 130-1 may be formed in direct contact with the first polarizing plate 120-1, and the second transparent conductive layer 130-1 may be formed in direct contact with the first polarizing plate 120-1. 2) may be formed by directly contacting the second polarizing plate 120-2.
- the first transparent conductive layer 130-1 formed by directly contacting at least one of the first polarizing plate 120-1 and the second polarizing plate 120-2 and/or the second polarizing plate 120-1.
- the transparent conductive layer 130-2 shares a contact surface with the first polarizing plate 120-1 and/or the second polarizing plate 120-2, does not include a separate substrate, and is formed on the polarizing plate. it means.
- the first transparent conductive layer 130-1 and/or the second transparent conductive layer 130-2 is a coating layer formed on the first polarizing plate 120-1 and/or the second polarizing plate 120-2. It may be formed by depositing on the upper surface of the.
- the first transparent conductive layer 130-1 and/or the second transparent conductive layer 130-2 is combined with at least one of the first polarizing plate 120-1 and the second polarizing plate 120-2.
- it may be formed by performing a pretreatment such as corona treatment or plasma treatment on one surface of the polarizing plate, and then directly contacting the pretreated surface of the polarizing plate.
- the pretreatment is not limited to corona treatment or plasma treatment, and a conventional or later developed pretreatment process may be used within a range that does not impair the object of the present invention.
- the first transparent conductive layer 130-1 formed by directly contacting at least one of the first polarizing plate 120-1 and the second polarizing plate 120-2, and/or The second transparent conductive layer 130-2 may be formed by directly contacting the polarizing plate with an easy-adhesive layer (not disclosed in the drawing) provided on one surface of the polarizing plate therebetween in order to improve adhesion with the polarizing plate. there is.
- At least one of the first transparent conductive layer 130-1 and the second transparent conductive layer 130-2 preferably has a visible light transmittance of 50% or more.
- a transparent conductive oxide, metal It may include one or more selected from the group consisting of carbon-based materials, conductive polymers, conductive inks, and nanowires, but is not limited thereto, and conventional or later developed transparent conductive layer materials may be used.
- the transparent conductive oxide is indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium zinc tin oxide (IZTO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), or gallium zinc oxide (GZO).
- ITO indium tin oxide
- IZO indium zinc oxide
- IZTO indium zinc tin oxide
- AZO aluminum zinc oxide
- GZO gallium zinc oxide
- Florin tin oxide (FTO) and zinc oxide (ZnO) may include one or more selected from the group consisting of.
- the metal is gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W) , niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), vanadium (V), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), alloys containing at least one of these, and the like It may include one or more selected from the group consisting of, and may include, for example, a silver-palladium-copper (APC) alloy or a copper-calcium (CuCa) alloy.
- APC silver-palladium-copper
- CuCa copper-calcium
- the carbon-based material may include at least one selected from the group consisting of carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene, and the conductive polymer may be polypyrrole, polythiophene, etc. , polyacetylene, PEDOT, polyaniline, and the like.
- the conductive ink may be an ink in which metal powder and a curable polymer binder are mixed, and the nanowires may be, for example, silver nanowires (AgNW).
- At least one transparent conductive layer of the first transparent conductive layer 130-1 and the second transparent conductive layer 130-2 may be formed in a structure of two or more layers by combining the above materials.
- it may be formed as a two-layer structure including a metal layer and a transparent conductive oxide layer to reduce reflectance of incident light and increase transmittance.
- the alignment layers 140-1 and 140-2 may be formed on an inner surface of the transparent conductive layer, and specifically, the first transparent conductive layer 130-1 and the second transparent conductive layer 130-2. 2) may be formed on the inner surface of at least one transparent conductive layer, preferably on the inner surface of each of the first transparent conductive layer 130-1 and the second transparent conductive layer 130-2. may be formed.
- the alignment layers 140-1 and 140-2 are for adding orientation to liquid crystal compounds included in the liquid crystal layer 110, and may be formed on both sides of the liquid crystal layer 110, for example. .
- the alignment layers 140-1 and 140-2 may be prepared by a conventional or later development method for manufacturing an alignment layer.
- an alignment layer coating composition including an alignment polymer, a photopolymerization initiator, and a solvent is applied and It can be produced by curing.
- the orientation polymer is not particularly limited, but polyacrylate-based resins, polyamic acid resins, polyimide-based resins, polymers containing a cinnamate group, etc. can
- FIG 3 is a view showing a laminated structure of a variable transmittance optical laminate further including a refractive index control layer according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the transmittance variable optical laminate 300 includes a liquid crystal layer 110, a polarizer 120, a transparent conductive layer 130, an alignment layer 140, and refractive index control. It may further include a layer 150 .
- the refractive index adjusting layer 150 is provided to compensate for a difference in transmittance of the optical laminate due to the transparent conductive layer 130, and may serve to improve visibility characteristics by reducing the difference in refractive index. .
- the refractive index control layer 150 may be provided to correct color caused by the transparent conductive layer 130 . Meanwhile, when the transparent conductive layer 130 has a pattern, the difference in transmittance between the pattern area where the pattern is formed and the non-pattern area where the pattern is not formed can be compensated for through the refractive index control layer 150 .
- the transparent conductive layer 130 is stacked adjacent to another member having a different refractive index (e.g., polarizer 120, etc.), and a difference in light transmittance may be caused due to a difference in refractive index with another adjacent layer,
- a problem in that a pattern area and a non-pattern area can be distinguished may occur.
- the refractive index adjusting layer 150 is located between the polarizing plate 120 and the transparent conductive layer 130 to compensate for the refractive index, thereby reducing the difference in light transmittance of the optical laminate, and in particular, transparency
- the pattern area and the non-pattern area are distinguished so as not to be visually recognized.
- the refractive index of the refractive index control layer 150 may be preset to be greater than the refractive index of the coating layer included in the polarizing plate 120 and less than or equal to the refractive index of the transparent conductive layer 130 .
- the refractive index may be appropriately selected depending on the materials of the polarizer 120 and the transparent conductive layer 130, but is preferably 1.4 to 2.6, more preferably 1.4 to 2.4. When the refractive index of the refractive index control layer 150 satisfies the above range, light loss due to a sharp difference in refractive index between the polarizer 120 and the transparent conductive layer 130 may be prevented.
- the refractive index control layer 150 is not particularly limited as long as it can prevent a sharp refractive index difference between the polarizing plate 120 and the transparent conductive layer 130, and is a compound used in the formation of a refractive index control layer that has been developed before or later. It may be used, for example, it may be formed from a composition for forming a refractive index control layer containing a polymerizable isocyanurate compound.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a laminated structure of a variable transmittance optical laminate formed on one side of which is an adhesive according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- variable transmittance optical stack 400 may further include an adhesive layer 126 on one side.
- the adhesive agent 126 may be formed using an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive, and has appropriate adhesive strength so that peeling, bubbles, etc. do not occur when handling the optical laminate 400, and has transparency and thermal stability. it is desirable
- a conventional or later developed adhesive may be used, and for example, a photocurable adhesive may be used.
- the photocurable adhesive is crosslinked and cured by receiving active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays (UV) and electron beams (EB) to exhibit strong adhesive strength, and may be composed of reactive oligomers, reactive monomers, photopolymerization initiators, and the like.
- active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays (UV) and electron beams (EB) to exhibit strong adhesive strength
- UV ultraviolet rays
- EB electron beams
- the reactive oligomer is an important component that determines the properties of an adhesive, and forms a polymer bond through a photopolymerization reaction to form a cured film.
- Reactive oligomers that can be used include polyester-based resins, polyether-based resins, polyurethane-based resins, epoxy-based resins, polyacrylic-based resins, silicone-based resins, and the like.
- the reactive monomer serves as a crosslinking agent and a diluent for the aforementioned reactive oligomer, and affects adhesive properties.
- Reactive monomers that can be used include monofunctional monomers, polyfunctional monomers, epoxy-based monomers, vinyl ethers, and cyclic ethers.
- the photopolymerization initiator serves to initiate photopolymerization by absorbing light energy to generate radicals or cations, and an appropriate one may be selected and used according to the photopolymerization resin.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive may use conventional or later developed pressure-sensitive adhesives, and in one or more embodiments, acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives, rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, silicone-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, urethane-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, polyvinyl alcohol-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, polyvinylpyrrolidone-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, poly Acrylamide-based adhesives, cellulose-based adhesives, vinylalkyl ether-based adhesives, and the like can be used.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive is not particularly limited as long as it has adhesive strength and viscoelasticity, but may be preferably an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive in terms of availability, etc., and includes, for example, a (meth)acrylate copolymer, a crosslinking agent, and a solvent. it may be
- the crosslinking agent may use conventional or later developed crosslinking agents, and may include, for example, polyisocyanate compounds, epoxy resins, melamine resins, urea resins, dialdehydes, methylol polymers, etc., preferably. It may contain a polyisocyanate compound.
- the solvent may include a common solvent used in the resin composition field, and examples thereof include alcohol-based compounds such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, and propylene glycol methoxy alcohol; ketone compounds such as methyl ethyl ketone, methyl butyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, diethyl ketone, and dipropyl ketone; acetate-based compounds such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and propylene glycol methoxy acetate; cellosolve compounds such as methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, and propyl cellosolve; Solvents such as hydrocarbon-based compounds such as hexane, heptane, benzene, toluene, and xylene may be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- alcohol-based compounds such as methanol,
- the thickness of the adhesive layer may be appropriately determined depending on the type of resin serving as the adhesive, adhesive strength, and the environment in which the adhesive is used.
- the adhesive layer may be 0.01 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, preferably 0.05 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, more preferably, in order to secure sufficient adhesive strength and minimize the thickness of the optical laminate. It may have a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a laminated structure of a variable transmittance optical laminate having a sealant according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- variable transmittance optical stack 500 may further include a sealant 160 formed outside the liquid crystal layer (not shown).
- the sealant is for bonding two different polarizing plates, and may be positioned in an inactive area between the two different polarizing plates.
- the sealant, together with the spacer may secure a space between two different polarizing plates in which the liquid crystal layer is provided.
- the sealant may include a curable resin as a base resin.
- a curable resin as a base resin.
- an ultraviolet curable resin or a heat curable resin known to be usable for sealants in the art may be used.
- the UV curable resin may be a polymer of UV curable monomers.
- the thermosetting resin may be a polymer of thermosetting monomers.
- the base resin of the sealant for example, an acrylate-based resin, an epoxy-based resin, a urethane-based resin, a phenol-based resin, or a mixture of the above resins may be used.
- the base resin may be an acrylate-based resin
- the acrylate-based resin may be a polymer of acrylic monomers.
- the acrylic monomer may be, for example, a multifunctional acrylate.
- the sealant may further include a monomer component in the base resin.
- the monomer component may be, for example, a monofunctional acrylate.
- monofunctional acrylate may mean a compound having one acryl group
- multifunctional acrylate may mean a compound having two or more acryl groups.
- the curable resin may be cured by UV irradiation and/or heating.
- the ultraviolet irradiation conditions or heating conditions may be appropriately performed within a range that does not impair the purpose of the present application.
- the sealant may further include an initiator, for example, a photoinitiator or a thermal initiator, if necessary.
- the sealant 160 may be formed by a method commonly used in the related art.
- the sealant is applied to the outside of the liquid crystal layer (ie, the inactive area) using a dispenser equipped with a nozzle. It can be formed by drawing.
- the optical laminate of the present invention may be manufactured by bonding and curing other optical laminates, and curing of the sealant may be performed by irradiation of ultraviolet rays and/or heating.
- the present invention in addition to the variable transmittance optical laminate, includes a smart window including the same.
- the present invention includes a vehicle in which the smart window is applied to at least one or more of a front window, a rear window, a side window, a sunroof window, and an internal partition, and windows and doors for buildings including the smart window.
- compositions for forming a coating layer of Preparation Examples 1 to 3 were prepared.
- composition for forming a coating layer of Preparation Example 1 was applied on the upper surface of the PVA polarizer, dried and cured to form a coating layer having a thickness of 3 ⁇ m. Thereafter, ITO was deposited on the upper surface of the coating layer to fabricate a first laminated member, and similarly, a second laminated member was fabricated.
- the liquid crystal layer is driven in a TN (Twisted Nematic) mode, and absorption axes of two different polarizers included in the first and second laminated members are bonded so as to be perpendicular to each other.
- TN Transmission Nematic
- An optical laminate of Example 2 was manufactured in the same manner as the optical laminate of Example 1, except that the composition for forming a coating layer of Preparation Example 2 was used and that the thickness of the coating layer was 5 ⁇ m.
- An optical laminate of Example 3 was manufactured in the same manner as the optical laminate of Example 1, except that the composition for forming a coating layer of Preparation Example 3 was used and that the thickness of the coating layer was 5 ⁇ m.
- the optical laminate of Example 4 was manufactured in the same manner as the optical laminate of Example 1, except that the thickness of the coating layer was 7 ⁇ m.
- the optical laminate of Example 5 was manufactured in the same manner as the optical laminate of Example 1, except that the thickness of the coating layer was 11 ⁇ m.
- An optical laminate of Comparative Example 1 was manufactured in the same manner as the optical laminate of Example 1, except that the composition for forming a coating layer of Comparative Preparation Example 1 was used.
- a PET / ITO film was prepared by depositing an ITO layer having a thickness of 50 nm on one side of a PET film having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m, and a PVA polarizer was bonded on the other side of the PET film to produce first and second laminated members, respectively. Except for this, the optical laminate of Comparative Example 2 was manufactured in the same manner as the optical laminate of Example 1.
- Adhesion between the coating layer and the polarizer and between the coating layer and the ITO conductive layer was evaluated according to the crosscut tape method (JIS K5400 8.5.2 (1990)).
- Example comparative example One 2 3 4 5 One 2 Adhesion between polarizer and coating layer (%) 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 - Adhesion between coating layer and conductive layer (%) 100 100 100 100 95 15 - light blocking ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ - X
- the optical laminates of Examples 1 to 5 including nanoparticles have excellent adhesion between the polarizer and the coating layer and adhesion between the coating layer and the conductive layer.
- the optical laminate of Comparative Example 1 which does not contain nanoparticles, has poor adhesion between the coating layer and the conductive layer, and thus cannot be substantially used as an optical laminate.
- optical laminates of Examples 1 to 5 all exhibit good light blocking properties in the light blocking mode, but the optical laminate of Comparative Example 2 including a separate PET substrate for forming the conductive layer blocks light due to the retardation of the PET film. It can be seen that the light blocking property in the mode is poor.
- the optical laminates of Examples 1 to 5 were compared to the optical laminate of Example 5 having a coating layer thickness of 11 ⁇ m and the coating layer and the conductive layer.
- the thickness of the coating layer is 3 to 10 ⁇ m, which is advantageous in terms of improving the adhesion of the coating layer, in particular, the adhesion between the coating layer and the conductive layer.
- the optical laminates of Examples 1 to 5 were compared to Example 3 having an average particle diameter of nanoparticles of 70 to 100 nm.
- Example 3 having an average particle diameter of nanoparticles of 70 to 100 nm.
- having an average particle diameter of 50 nm or less of the nanoparticles is advantageous in terms of improving light-shielding properties in the light-shielding mode.
- variable transmittance optical laminate According to the variable transmittance optical laminate according to the present invention, it is possible to omit the process of forming a conductive layer on a substrate and bonding it to another member in order to form a conventional optical laminate. Contrast manufacturing process can be simplified.
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Abstract
Description
| 함량: 중량부 | 제조예 1 | 제조예 2 | 제조예 3 | 비교 제조예 1 |
| 에폭시계 화합물1) | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
| 아크릴계 화합물2) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| 옥세탄계 화합물 13) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| 옥세탄계 화합물 24) | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| 광중합 개시제 15) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 광중합 개시제 26) | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| 레벨링제7) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| 나노 입자 분산체 18) | 67.5 | - | - | - |
| 나노 입자 분산체 29) | - | 67.5 | - | - |
| 나노 입자 분산체 310) | - | - | 67.5 | - |
| 1) 셀록사이드 2021P (다이셀 카가쿠 사제) 2) 1,6-헥산디올디아크릴레이트 3) OXT-101 (토아 고세이 사제) 4) OXT-221 (토아 고세이 사제) 5) CPI-100P (양이온 개시제; 50% 프로필렌카보네이트 용액, 산아프로 사제) 6) 1-히드록시시클로헥실페닐케톤 (라디칼 개시제; BASF 사제) 7) 8019add (도레이 다우코닝 사제) 8) IPA-ST-L (닛산화학, 입경 45 ~ 50nm) 9) IPA-ST (닛산화학, 입경 10 ~ 15nm) 10) IPA-ST-ZL (닛산화학, 입경 70 ~ 100nm) |
||||
| 실시예 | 비교예 | ||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 2 | |
| 편광자 및 코팅층간의 밀착성(%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | - |
| 코팅층 및 도전층간의 밀착성(%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 95 | 15 | - |
| 차광성 | ○ | ○ | △ | ○ | ○ | - | X |
Claims (19)
- 제1 편광판;상기 제1 편광판의 내측면 상에 형성되는, 제1 투명도전층;상기 제1 편광판과 대향하는 제2 편광판;상기 제2 편광판의 내측면 상에 형성되고, 상기 제1 투명도전층과 대향하는 제2 투명도전층;상기 제1 투명도전층 및 상기 제2 투명도전층 사이에 구비되는, 액정층; 및상기 투명도전층의 내측면 상에 형성되는, 배향층을 포함하며,상기 제1 투명도전층 및 제2 투명도전층 중 적어도 하나의 투명도전층은, 상기 제1 편광판 또는 상기 제2 편광판과 직접 접촉하여 형성되며,상기 제1 편광판 및 상기 제2 편광판 중 적어도 하나의 편광판은, 편광자 및 상기 편광자와 투명도전층 사이에 구비되는 코팅층을 포함하며,상기 코팅층은 나노입자를 포함하는, 투과율 가변 광학 적층체.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 나노입자는, 실리카 입자를 포함하는, 투과율 가변 광학 적층체.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 나노입자는, 50nm 이하의 입경을 갖는, 투과율 가변 광학 적층체.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 코팅층은, 3 내지 10㎛의 두께를 갖는, 투과율 가변 광학 적층체.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제1 투명도전층 및 제2 투명도전층 중 적어도 하나의 투명도전층은, 상기 제1 편광판 또는 제2 편광판과 사이에 별도의 기재를 포함하지 않고, 상기 편광판과 직접 접촉하여 형성되는, 투과율 가변 광학 적층체.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제1 투명도전층 및 제2 투명도전층 중 적어도 하나의 투명도전층은, 상기 제1 편광판 또는 제2 편광판과 사이에 접착 용이층을 포함하여, 상기 편광판과 직접 접촉하여 형성되는, 투과율 가변 광학 적층체.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제1 투명도전층 및 제2 투명도전층 중 적어도 하나의 투명도전층은, 투명 도전성 산화물, 금속, 탄소계 물질, 전도성 고분자, 도전성 잉크 및 나노 와이어로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상을 포함하는, 투과율 가변 광학 적층체.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제1 투명도전층 및 제2 투명도전층 중 적어도 하나의 투명도전층은, 가시광에 대한 투과율이 50% 이상인, 투과율 가변 광학 적층체.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제1 편광판 및 제2 편광판 중 적어도 하나의 편광판은, 보호 필름 및 광학 기능 필름 중 적어도 하나 이상을 더 포함하는, 투과율 가변 광학 적층체.
- 청구항 9에 있어서, 상기 보호 필름은, 폴리에틸렌 테레프탈레이트(polyethylene terephthalate; PET), 폴리에틸렌 이소프탈레이트(polyethylene isophthalate; PEI), 폴리에틸렌 나프탈레이트(polyethylene naphthalate; PEN), 폴리부틸렌 테레프탈레이트(polybutylene terephthalate; PBT), 디아세틸 셀룰로오스(diacetyl cellulose), 트리아세틸 셀룰로오스(triacetyl cellulose; TAC), 폴리카보네이트(polycarbonate; PC), 폴리메틸 아크릴레이트(polymethyl acrylate; PMA), 폴리메틸 메타크릴레이트(polymethyl methacrylate; PMMA), 폴리에틸 아크릴레이트(polyethyl acrylate; PEA), 폴리에틸 메타크릴레이트(polyethyl methacrylate; PEMA) 및 환형 올레핀계 폴리머(cyclic olefin polymer; COP)로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상을 포함하는, 투과율 가변 광학 적층체.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제1 편광판 및 제2 편광판 중 적어도 하나의 편광판은, 30㎛ 내지 200㎛의 두께를 갖는, 투과율 가변 광학 적층체.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 액정층은, 볼 스페이서(Ball spacer) 및 컬럼 스페이서(Column spacer)로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상을 포함하는, 투과율 가변 광학 적층체.
- 청구항 12에 있어서, 상기 볼 스페이서(Ball spacer)는, 직경이 1㎛ 내지 10㎛인, 투과율 가변 광학 적층체.
- 청구항 12에 있어서, 상기 볼 스페이서(Ball spacer)의 액정층 내에서의 점유 면적은, 액정층 면적의 0.01% 내지 10%인, 투과율 가변 광학 적층체.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 굴절율이 1.4 내지 2.6인 굴절율 조절층을 더 포함하는, 투과율 가변 광학 적층체.
- 청구항 1 내지 15 중 어느 한 항의 투과율 가변 광학 적층체의 제조방법.
- 청구항 1 내지 15 중 어느 한 항의 투과율 가변 광학 적층체를 포함하는, 스마트 윈도우.
- 청구항 17의 스마트 윈도우를 전면창, 후면창, 측면창, 썬루프창, 및 내부 칸막이 중 적어도 하나 이상에 적용한, 자동차.
- 청구항 17의 스마트 윈도우를 포함하는, 건물용 창호.
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| JP2024501601A JP2024530112A (ja) | 2021-07-13 | 2022-07-04 | 光学積層体及びその製造方法と、これを含むスマートウィンドウ、これを適用した自動車及び建物用建具 |
| EP22842352.1A EP4372460A4 (en) | 2021-07-13 | 2022-07-04 | OPTICAL LAMINATE AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS THEREOF, INTELLIGENT WINDOW WITH IT AS WELL AS VEHICLE AND BUILDING WINDOWS AND DOORS WITH IT |
| US18/577,923 US12313942B2 (en) | 2021-07-13 | 2022-07-04 | Optical laminate and manufacturing method therefor, smart window comprising same, and vehicle and building windows and doors to which same are applied |
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| KR1020210091642A KR102524843B1 (ko) | 2021-07-13 | 2021-07-13 | 광학 적층체 및 이의 제조방법과, 이를 포함하는 스마트 윈도우 및 이를 적용한 자동차 또는 건물용 창호 |
| KR10-2021-0091642 | 2021-07-13 |
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| US (1) | US12313942B2 (ko) |
| EP (1) | EP4372460A4 (ko) |
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| KR20240130213A (ko) * | 2023-02-21 | 2024-08-29 | 동우 화인켐 주식회사 | 광학 적층체 및 이의 제조방법과, 이를 포함하는 스마트 윈도우 및 이를 적용한 자동차 또는 건물용 창호 |
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| KR102524843B1 (ko) | 2023-04-24 |
| JP2024530112A (ja) | 2024-08-16 |
| US20240319548A1 (en) | 2024-09-26 |
| EP4372460A1 (en) | 2024-05-22 |
| US12313942B2 (en) | 2025-05-27 |
| KR20230011062A (ko) | 2023-01-20 |
| EP4372460A4 (en) | 2024-10-30 |
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