WO2024000093A1 - 电池以及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池以及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024000093A1
WO2024000093A1 PCT/CN2022/101414 CN2022101414W WO2024000093A1 WO 2024000093 A1 WO2024000093 A1 WO 2024000093A1 CN 2022101414 W CN2022101414 W CN 2022101414W WO 2024000093 A1 WO2024000093 A1 WO 2024000093A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
box
support plate
battery according
suspension beam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/101414
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
龙超
陈兴地
王鹏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to KR1020247012339A priority Critical patent/KR20240058931A/ko
Priority to EP22948218.7A priority patent/EP4404354A4/en
Priority to JP2024522547A priority patent/JP7733236B2/ja
Priority to CN202280006477.3A priority patent/CN116325322A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/101414 priority patent/WO2024000093A1/zh
Priority to CN202511357573.4A priority patent/CN121307384A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2023/070129 priority patent/WO2023160252A1/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2023/070125 priority patent/WO2023155620A1/zh
Priority to EP23755625.3A priority patent/EP4481921A4/en
Priority to JP2024543922A priority patent/JP2025504528A/ja
Priority to CN202320014525.5U priority patent/CN219575787U/zh
Priority to EP23755624.6A priority patent/EP4459749A4/en
Priority to CN202410820399.1A priority patent/CN118610662A/zh
Priority to CN202320014583.8U priority patent/CN219203337U/zh
Priority to CN202380008512.XA priority patent/CN116848705B/zh
Priority to EP23758879.3A priority patent/EP4485653A4/en
Priority to KR1020247018342A priority patent/KR20240096639A/ko
Priority to KR1020247022516A priority patent/KR20240117127A/ko
Priority to KR1020247018661A priority patent/KR20240099426A/ko
Priority to CN202380008506.4A priority patent/CN116686151B/zh
Priority to CN202380008510.0A priority patent/CN116868417B/zh
Priority to JP2024549482A priority patent/JP7832347B2/ja
Priority to JP2024541251A priority patent/JP2025502875A/ja
Priority to CN202410820454.7A priority patent/CN119009245A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2023/070126 priority patent/WO2023155621A1/zh
Priority to CN202320134164.8U priority patent/CN219203231U/zh
Publication of WO2024000093A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024000093A1/zh
Priority to US18/634,881 priority patent/US20240266665A1/en
Priority to US18/799,974 priority patent/US20240405322A1/en
Priority to US18/809,863 priority patent/US20240413427A1/en
Priority to US18/812,573 priority patent/US20240413459A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/258—Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/291—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the field of battery technology, and in particular relates to a battery and an electrical device.
  • the energy density of the battery is not high, resulting in a waste of space, which in turn affects the performance of the electrical device; moreover, the existing battery has poor rigidity and cannot directly bear the load brought by other parts of the electrical device, easily causing Safety accidents affect the safety of electrical equipment.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a battery and a power device that can improve the energy density and safety of the battery.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a battery, including a box, a battery cell, and a stable component.
  • the box has opposite tops and bottoms along the height direction of the box; multiple battery cells are placed upside down in the box, and the top cover plates of the battery cells are set toward the bottom of the box; the components are stabilized and fixedly connected to the battery cells.
  • the box has an opposite top and bottom in the height direction.
  • the stabilizing component includes a first support plate and a second support plate.
  • the first support plate is disposed on the top of the box and fixedly connected to the battery cells.
  • the second support plate is disposed on the bottom of the box and connected with the battery.
  • the monomer is fixedly connected to fix the position of the battery cell.
  • suspension beams are provided on the surface of the second support plate facing the battery cells.
  • a plurality of suspension beams are spaced along the second support plate in the length direction of the box and are arranged along the second support plate. The width of the box extends.
  • the top cover of the battery is prevented from directly abutting the second support plate, which affects the performance of the battery.
  • the top cover plate includes a functional area and shoulders.
  • the functional area is provided with electrode terminals.
  • the shoulders are located on both sides of the functional area along the length direction.
  • the battery cells are fixed to the suspension beam through the shoulders.
  • the functional area is arranged between the shoulders, so that the shoulders can achieve a certain protective effect on the functional area.
  • the battery cell overlaps the suspension beam through the shoulder, which can prevent the functional area from being damaged due to stress and extend the life of the battery cell.
  • the electrode terminal is disposed between two adjacent suspension beams, and the electrode terminal is spaced apart from the second support plate.
  • the extension height of the suspension beam is greater than the extension height of the electrode terminal in the height direction.
  • the electrode terminals are suspended between the suspension beams.
  • the functional area is also provided with a pressure relief mechanism.
  • the pressure relief mechanism is spaced apart from the second support plate.
  • the electrode terminals are provided on both sides of the pressure relief mechanism in the length direction.
  • the pressure relief mechanism is spaced apart from the second support plate, which can provide the pressure relief mechanism with a larger pressure relief space, reduce risks caused by discharge of emissions, and improve the safety of the battery.
  • the shoulders of two adjacent battery cells are jointly fixed on the same suspension beam.
  • adjacent battery cells share the same suspension beam, which can reduce the number of suspension beams as much as possible and facilitate the manufacture of the second support plate.
  • the width D1 of the suspension beam and the extended width D2 of the shoulder satisfy: 0.5D2 ⁇ D1 ⁇ 2D2.
  • the suspension beam is prevented from carrying only one side of the battery cell due to offset, and the suspension beam is only contacted with the shoulders of the two adjacent battery cells, thereby avoiding the impact of contact with the functional area.
  • the function of the battery cell is prevented from carrying only one side of the battery cell due to offset, and the suspension beam is only contacted with the shoulders of the two adjacent battery cells, thereby avoiding the impact of contact with the functional area. The function of the battery cell.
  • two adjacent battery cells are electrically connected through a bus component, and the extension length of one of the two adjacent suspension beams in the width direction is smaller than the extension length of the other, so as to form The avoidance gap is used to avoid the converging parts.
  • the suspension beam is better adapted to the structure of the battery, which facilitates the battery cells to be connected in series, parallel and mixed connection with each other.
  • the suspension beam is integrally formed or detachably connected to the second support plate to facilitate manufacturing or to adjust the position of the suspension beam according to the arrangement of the battery cells.
  • the extension height of the suspension beam is a first dimension H1, and the first dimension H1 satisfies 0.5mm ⁇ H1 ⁇ 30mm to keep the battery volume moderate.
  • the ratio H1/M of the first dimension H1 to the weight M of a single battery cell satisfies 0.05mm/Kg ⁇ H1/M ⁇ 50mm/Kg.
  • the battery has good energy density and appropriate structural strength.
  • the box further includes a cover disposed at the bottom, and the cover is fixedly connected to the box.
  • the second support plate is fixedly connected to the cover to increase the structural solidity of the battery.
  • embodiments of the present application provide an electrical device, including a battery cell according to any embodiment of the first aspect, and the battery cell is used to provide electric energy.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of batteries according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the second support plate and suspension beam of the battery according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the battery shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of Figure 6 at circular frame B;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a crash test device for crash testing batteries according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cover according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • X length direction
  • Y width direction
  • Z height direction.
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • connection can be a fixed connection
  • connection can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • connection can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • “Plural” appearing in this application means two or more (including two).
  • parallel includes not only the absolutely parallel situation, but also the roughly parallel situation that is conventionally recognized in engineering; at the same time, the term “perpendicular” includes not only the absolutely vertical situation, but also the roughly parallel situation that is conventionally recognized in engineering. vertical situation.
  • battery cells may include lithium ion secondary battery cells, lithium ion primary battery cells, lithium sulfur battery cells, sodium lithium ion battery cells, sodium ion battery cells or magnesium ion battery cells, etc.,
  • the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • a battery refers to a single physical module that includes one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may be a battery module or a battery pack.
  • Batteries generally include a box for packaging one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • multiple battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection. Mixed connection means that multiple battery cells are connected in series and in parallel. Multiple battery cells can be directly connected in series or parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of multiple battery cells can be accommodated in the box; of course, the battery can also be multiple battery cells connected in series or parallel or mixed. They are connected to form a battery, and multiple batteries are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a whole, and are contained in the box.
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but are also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and electric cars, as well as in many fields such as military equipment and aerospace. . As the application fields of power batteries continue to expand, their market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • the opening of the battery box often faces upward in the vertical direction
  • the battery cells are fixed at the bottom of the battery
  • the electrode terminals face the cover covering the opening of the box.
  • the rigidity is poor, and during the collision process of the battery, the internal battery cells are unevenly stressed, making the battery prone to damage, resulting in poor battery safety and affecting the battery performance.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a battery such that the box has an opposite top and bottom in the height direction.
  • the energy density of the battery can be improved, and by arranging Stable connections between components and battery cells can improve the stability of the battery structure.
  • Electrical devices can be vehicles, cell phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles, etc.
  • spacecraft include aircraft, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, planers and more.
  • Electric drills Electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, planers and more.
  • FIG 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle.
  • the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or a range-extended vehicle.
  • the battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000 , and the battery 100 may be disposed at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 may serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300 .
  • the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to provide power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but also can be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the battery 100 according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery 100 according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a box 1 , a battery cell 2 and a stabilizing component 3 .
  • the box 1 has an opposite top 101 and a bottom 102 along the height direction of the box 1 .
  • a plurality of battery cells 2 are placed upside down in the box 1 , with the top cover plates 21 of the battery cells 2 facing the bottom 102 of the box 1 .
  • the stable component 3 is fixedly connected to the battery cell 2 .
  • the box 1 has an opposite top 101 and a bottom 102 along the height direction of the box 1 , which means that the top 101 and the bottom 102 of the box 1 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the height direction.
  • the height direction of the box 1 is taken as the Z direction, that is, the vertical direction. It should be understood that the height direction Z of the box 1 can also be along other directions.
  • other directions will be defined in detail, and will not be described in detail here.
  • a plurality of battery cells 2 are placed upside down in the box 1.
  • the top cover plate 21 of the battery cells 2 faces the top 101 of the box 1. What is indicated is that the battery cells 2 are inverted with the box 1 in the height direction Z.
  • the battery The bottom 102 of the cell 2 is located on the top 101 of the box 1 .
  • the rigidity of the top 101 of the battery 100 can be increased to increase the safety of the battery 100 .
  • the top cover plate 21 of the battery cell 2 faces the bottom 102 of the battery 100, which can increase the energy density of the battery 100 and improve the usability of the battery 100.
  • the stabilizing component 3 is fixedly connected to the battery cell 2 , that is, the stabilizing component 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom 102 and the top cover 21 of the battery cell 2 , thereby supporting the battery cell 2 to increase the battery 100 structural strength.
  • the stabilizing component 3 includes a first support plate 31 and a second support plate 32.
  • the first support plate 31 is disposed on the top 101 of the box 1 and is fixedly connected to the battery cell 2
  • the second support plate 32 32 is arranged on the bottom 102 of the box 1 and is fixedly connected to the battery cell 2 .
  • the first support plate 31 and the second support plate 32 are respectively disposed on the top 101 and the bottom 102 of the box 1 and are fixedly connected to the battery cells 2 to fix the position of the battery cells 2 and enhance the structural stability of the battery 100 .
  • the first support plate 31 can be located on the top 101 of the box 1 as a part of the box 1 , or can be an independent plate disposed between the box 1 and the battery cell 2 , with one side fixedly connected to the box 1 The other side is fixedly connected to the battery cell 2, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the battery cell 2 can be directly bonded to the first support plate 31 and the second support plate 32 through adhesive, or can be fixedly connected to the first support plate 31 and the second support plate 32 in other ways.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the second support plate 32 and the suspension beam 321 of the battery 100 in some embodiments of the present application.
  • suspension beams 321 are provided on the surface of the second support plate 32 facing the battery cell 2 , and a plurality of suspension beams 321 are arranged along the second support plate in the length direction of the box 1 .
  • the support plates 32 are spaced apart and extend along the width direction of the box 1 on the second support plate 32 .
  • the length direction of the box 1 is the X direction
  • the width direction is the Y direction
  • the length direction X and the width direction Y are respectively perpendicular to the height direction Z. It should be understood that when the angle between the length direction X, the height direction Z and the width direction Y is 85°-95°, they can be regarded as perpendicular to each other.
  • the length direction X and the width direction Y may also be other directions, and they may not be perpendicular to the height direction Z, which will not be described in detail in this application.
  • the suspension beam 321 protrudes from the second support plate 32 toward the battery cell 2 in the height direction Z, thereby supporting the battery cell 2 .
  • a plurality of suspension beams 321 are arranged on the second support plate 32 at intervals in the length direction X, that is, the suspension beams 321 are arranged along the length direction X to support the battery cells 2 at multiple positions. Since a plurality of battery cells 2 are provided in the box 1 , and the battery cells 2 are arranged in an array inside the box 1 , the suspension beam 321 extends along the width direction Y, so that a single suspension beam 321 can extend in the width direction Y. It plays a supporting role for multiple battery cells 2 .
  • Providing the suspension beam 321 on the second support plate 32 can improve the structural stability of the battery 100 and prevent the top cover of the battery 100 from directly abutting the second support plate 32 and affecting the performance of the battery 100 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery cell 2 according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the top cover plate 21 includes a functional area 201 and a shoulder 202.
  • the functional area 201 is provided with electrode terminals 211, and the shoulders 202 are located on both sides of the functional area 201 along the length direction X.
  • the battery cell 2 is fixed to the suspension beam 321 through the shoulder 202 .
  • the top cover 21 is provided with an area that enables the battery cell 2 to realize its own functions, or an area that allows the battery cell 2 to interact with the outside world, such as an area that enables the battery cell 2 to be electrically connected to the outside world.
  • Electrode terminal 211 Since the functional area 201 is often provided with components such as electrode terminals 211, the functional area 201 should not be subject to force during use of the battery 100.
  • the shoulder 202 indicates the area of the top cover 21 that can bear force except the functional area 201 .
  • the shoulders 202 can achieve a certain protective effect on the functional area 201. Allowing the battery cell 2 to overlap the suspension beam 321 through the shoulder 202 can prevent the electrode terminal 211 in the functional area 201 from being damaged due to stress, thereby extending the life of the battery cell 2 .
  • the battery cell 2 can be directly bonded to the suspension beam 321 through adhesive, or can be fixedly connected to the suspension beam 321 in other ways, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the electrode terminal 211 is disposed between two adjacent suspension beams 321 , and the electrode terminal 211 is spaced apart from the second support plate 32 .
  • the electrode terminal 211 of the functional area 201 is also located between the two adjacent suspension beams 321.
  • the electrode terminal 211 and The second support plates 32 are arranged at intervals, that is, the electrode terminals 311 are not in contact with the second support plate 32.
  • the electrode terminals 211 can be regarded as being suspended between the two suspension beams 321, so that the battery can be led out through the electrode terminals 211.
  • the electric energy of cell 2 improves the availability of battery cell 2.
  • the extension height of the suspension beam 321 is greater than the extension height of the electrode terminal 211 and the pressure relief mechanism 212 .
  • the extension height of the suspension beam 321 is greater than the extension height of the electrode terminal 211, which allows the electrode terminal 211 and the pressure relief mechanism 212 to be suspended between adjacent suspension beams 321 to avoid contact with other components. Function.
  • the functional area 201 is also provided with a pressure relief mechanism 212.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 212 is spaced apart from the second support plate 32. In the length direction X, the electrode terminals 211 are provided on both sides of the pressure relief mechanism 212. .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 212 refers to an element or component that is activated to relieve the internal pressure when the internal pressure of the battery cell 2 reaches a predetermined threshold. That is, when the internal pressure of the battery cell 2 reaches a predetermined threshold, the pressure relief mechanism 212 takes action or is activated to a certain state, so that the internal pressure of the battery cell 2 can be released.
  • the actions generated by the pressure relief mechanism 212 may include but are not limited to: at least a part of the pressure relief mechanism 212 is ruptured, broken, torn or opened, thereby forming an opening 103 or a channel for internal pressure relief, etc. At this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure substances inside the battery cell 2 will be discharged outward from the actuated part as emissions.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 212 may take the form of an explosion-proof valve, an air valve, a pressure relief valve or a safety valve, and may specifically adopt a pressure-sensitive component or structure.
  • Arranging the electrode terminals 211 on both sides of the pressure relief mechanism 212 can reduce the impact of the pressure relief structure 212 on the electrode terminals 211 during pressure relief. Moreover, the pressure relief mechanism 212 is spaced apart from the second support plate 32 , that is, the pressure relief mechanism 212 does not contact the second support plate 32 , thereby providing a larger pressure relief space for the pressure relief mechanism 212 and reducing the emission discharge zone. come risks and improve the safety of the battery 100.
  • the shoulders 202 of two adjacent battery cells 2 are jointly fixed on the same suspension beam 321 .
  • the plurality of battery cells 2 are adjacently arranged in the box 1 . Since the suspension beam 321 moves along the length direction X along the second support plate 32 Set at intervals, the shoulders 202 are located on both sides of the functional area 201 in the length direction are jointly fixed on the same suspension beam 321.
  • the width D1 of the suspension beam 321 and the extended width D2 of the shoulder 202 satisfy: 0.5D2 ⁇ D1 ⁇ 2D2.
  • the width D1 of the suspension beam 321 is greater than or equal to 0.5 times the extended width D2 of the shoulder 202 , sufficient support force can be provided for the battery cell 2 .
  • the suspension beam 321 carries two adjacent battery cells 2 at the same time, the width of the suspension beam 321 in the length direction
  • the shoulders 202 of two adjacent battery cells 2 are in contact to avoid contact with the functional area 201 and affecting the function of the battery cells 2 .
  • the relationship between the width D1 of the suspension beam 321 and the extended width D2 of the shoulder 202 may satisfy D2 ⁇ D1 ⁇ 2D2. Since the suspension beam 321 may be offset between adjacent battery cells 2, the width of the suspension beam 321 in the length direction Two adjacent battery cells 2 do not have the problem of being able to carry only one side due to offset, resulting in poor structural stability of the battery 100 due to uneven stress.
  • two adjacent battery cells 2 are electrically connected through bus components 24.
  • two adjacent suspension beams The extension length of one of 321 is smaller than the extension length of the other one, so as to form an avoidance gap 322 , which is used to avoid the bus part 24 .
  • the bus member 24 is a member that electrically connects the plurality of battery cells 2 .
  • the bus part 24 is connected between the electrode terminals 211 of adjacent battery cells 2 to connect a plurality of battery cells 2 in series, parallel or mixed connection. Since in the embodiment of the present application, the bus part 24 spans between the electrode terminals 211 of adjacent battery cells 2 in the length direction X, at least a part of the suspension beam 321 extending along the width direction Y needs to be avoided. , to form an avoidance gap 322.
  • the extension length of one of the two adjacent suspension beams 321 is smaller than the extension length of the other one, that is, the suspension beams 321 with a longer extension length and the suspension beams 321 with a shorter extension length are alternately distributed.
  • the length of the suspension beam 321 can also be adjusted according to the arrangement of the bus part 24 .
  • the extension length of the suspension beam 321 in the width direction Y only indicates the sum of the lengths of the suspension beam 321 in the width direction Y.
  • the avoidance gap 322 can be provided at one end of the suspension beam 321, or It may be disposed in the middle of the suspension beam 321 , depending on the arrangement of the manifold components 24 , and the embodiment of the present application does not impose any special restrictions on this.
  • suspension beam 321 and the second support plate 32 may be integrally formed or detachably connected.
  • the manufacturing of the second support plate 32 is facilitated.
  • the position of the suspension beam 321 can be easily adjusted according to the arrangement of the battery cells 2, so that the battery 100 has a more stable structure.
  • the surfaces of the second support plate 32 and the suspension beam 321 are covered with insulating material.
  • the second support plate 32 and the suspension beam 321 are insulating parts. It can be understood that the second support plate 32 and the suspension beam 321 can be made of an insulating material as a whole. It can also be an object whose surface is covered with an insulating material to provide insulation as a whole.
  • the core material can be made of metal, insulating material or composite material, and the outer surface of the core material is covered with insulating material.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the battery 100 shown in FIG. 2 .
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of Figure 6 at circular frame B.
  • the extension height of the suspension beam 321 is the first dimension H1, and the first dimension H1 satisfies 0.5mm ⁇ H1 ⁇ 30mm.
  • the suspension beam 321 has a certain size in the height direction Z so that it can protrude from the second support plate 32 to support the battery cells 2 .
  • the suspension beam 321 maintains the first dimension H1, which can keep the top cover plate 21 of the battery cell 2 and the bottom 102 of the box 1 at a certain distance, thereby keeping the energy density of the battery 100 moderate.
  • the ratio H1/M of the first dimension H1 to the weight M of the single battery cell 2 satisfies 0.05mm/Kg ⁇ H1/M ⁇ 50mm/Kg.
  • the ratio H1/M of the first dimension H1 to the weight M of a single battery cell 2 can indicate the energy density and structural strength of the battery 100.
  • the ratio of the first dimension H1 to the weight M of a single battery cell 2 is too large, the battery will 100 The energy density is too low.
  • the ratio of the first dimension H1 to the weight M of a single battery cell is too small, the structural strength of the battery 100 will be insufficient and a safety accident may occur in a collision. Therefore, the ratio H1/M of the first distance H1 to the weight M of the single battery cell 2 satisfies 0.05mm/Kg ⁇ H1/M ⁇ 50mm/Kg. Within this value range, the battery 100 has good energy density. , and has appropriate structural strength.
  • the battery 100 may be subjected to a structural strength test.
  • the structural strength of the battery 100 can be judged through multiple tests such as a shear strength test and a compressive strength test.
  • the battery 100 can be fixed between the clamps of the shear testing machine, and then the detection head of the shear testing machine is used to drive the battery 100 along the width direction X or the length at a speed of 5 mm/min. Move in direction Y, and record the tensile force F exerted by the detection head when the box 1 is damaged. Taking the projected area of the battery 100 in the height direction Z as the area A, the value of F/A is the shear strength that the battery 100 can withstand.
  • an extrusion head can be used to apply pressure to the battery 100 in the height direction Z and the width direction X or the length direction Y, and push the battery 100 towards the battery 100 at a speed of 2 m/s. Stop when the deformation reaches 50KN or the battery 100 reaches 30%, keep it for 10 minutes, and after the compressive strength test, leave the battery 100 at ambient temperature for 2 hours of observation.
  • the structural strength of the battery 100 can also be tested through other structural strength tests, which are not limited by the embodiments of the present application.
  • Table 1 shows the test results of the structural strength of the battery 100 through the above method when the first distance H1, the weight M of the single battery cell 2, and the value of H1/M respectively adopt different values.
  • battery 100 has good structural strength in the strength structure test.
  • the battery cell 2 may not be fixedly connected to the suspension beam 321 of the second support plate 32 , but may only be mounted on the suspension beam 321 .
  • the first size H1 satisfies 5mm ⁇ H1 ⁇ 30mm
  • the ratio H1/M of the first size H1 to the weight M of the single battery cell 2 satisfies 0.5mm/Kg ⁇ H1/M ⁇ 50mm/Kg.
  • H1/ M satisfies 1mm/Kg ⁇ H1/M ⁇ 30mm/Kg.
  • the battery 100 has good energy density and appropriate structural strength.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a collision test device A for performing a collision test on the battery 100 according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 is illustratively subjected to a collision test using the collision test device A.
  • the collision test device A includes an impact head A1, a launching device A2 and a frame A3.
  • the battery 100 is placed on the frame A3, so that the impact head A1 is driven by the launching device A2 and collides with the battery 100 at a certain speed.
  • the test conditions can be selected as follows: the collision direction is the height direction Z, the collision position is the weak point of the battery 100, and the collision energy is 90J.
  • the battery 100 Since the battery 100 is applied to an electrical device such as the vehicle 1000, it is installed on the vehicle 1000 through the top 101 and collides with the bottom 102 of the battery 100 in the height direction Z, thereby simulating the scene after the battery 100 is installed on the vehicle 1000.
  • the weak point of the battery 100 indicates the position where the battery 100 is easily damaged. This point is often within a radius of 240mm from the geometric center of the battery 100. Collision with the weak point of the battery 100 can simulate the weak structural strength of the battery 100.
  • the impact energy is 90J, which can be equivalent to the impact head A1 impacting the battery 100 at a speed of 4.2m/s.
  • impact energy can also be used to impact the battery 100, for example, 120J (collision speed 4.9m/s) s) or 150J (collision speed 5.5m/s).
  • 120J collision speed 4.9m/s
  • 150J collision speed 5.5m/s
  • one impact energy can be used to impact the battery 100 multiple times, or multiple impact energies can be used to impact the battery 100 multiple times.
  • the battery 100 After the battery 100 is collided with the collision test device A, it is observed at ambient temperature for 2 hours to detect whether the battery 100 ignites or explodes.
  • the battery 100 can also be tested for the shell protection level, etc. This is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Table 2 shows that when the battery cell 2 is mounted on the suspension beam 321 and the first distance H1, the weight M of the single battery cell 2 and the value of H1/M adopt different values, the above method can be used. Test results of crash testing battery 100.
  • Example 10 30 1 30 No fire, no explosion Example 11 25 0.5 50 No fire, no explosion Comparative example 3 3 5 0.2 fire, explosion Comparative example 4 52 1 52 fire, explosion
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the cover 4 of the battery 100 according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the box 1 further includes a cover 4 disposed on the bottom 102 , and the cover 4 is fixedly connected to the box 1 .
  • the cover 4 covers the opening 103, so that the box 1 has a relative Sealed structure.
  • the cover 4 includes a main body part 41 and a fitting part 42 .
  • the fitting part 42 is provided in the circumferential direction of the main body part 41 and matches the side plate 11 . That is to say, the main body part 41 covers the opening 103 formed by the side plate 11 , and the fitting part 42 is fixed to the side plate 11 to fixedly connect the cover 4 and the side plate 11 .
  • the fitting portion 42 and the side plate 11 can be connected by bolts, and the fitting portion 42 and the side plate 11 can also be fixedly connected in other ways.
  • the main body portion 41 protrudes from the extension surface of the bottom 102 relative to the fitting portion 42 . This allows a relatively larger distance between the battery cells 2 and the cover 4 disposed inside the box 1 to make way for the busbar 24 or the second support plate 32 . It should be understood that the protruding distance of the main part 41 relative to the mating part 42 should be selected based on the energy density of the battery 100 , and should not be too large to increase the volume of the battery 100 and reduce the energy density of the battery 100 .
  • the second support plate 32 may be fixedly connected to the cover 4 .
  • the second support plate 32 can also abut against the cover 4, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the above descriptions of some embodiments of the battery 100 are only exemplary, and the battery 100 may also have other structures.
  • the first support plate 31 is located on the top 101 of the box 1 and is a part of the box 1 .
  • the box 1 also includes a side plate 11, which is distributed along the circumference of the opening 103 toward the bottom 102.
  • the first support plate 31 and the cover 4 are fixedly connected to the side plate 11 respectively. That is to say, the first support plate 31, the side plate 11 and the cover 4 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the height direction Z.
  • the first support plate 31 is a plate extending along the length direction X
  • the side plate 11 is a plate extending along the height direction Z.
  • the side plate 11 of the plate extending in the direction Z surrounds the first support plate 31, and an opening 103 is formed at the bottom 102.
  • the cover 4 covers the opening 103, so that there is a space for placing the battery cells 2 inside the box 1.
  • the battery cells 2 are disposed on the first support plate 31, which can increase the rigidity of the top 101 of the battery 100 and reduce the possibility of the battery 100 being damaged in a collision.
  • the side plate 11 can be integrally formed with the first support plate 31, or can be fixedly connected to the first support plate 31 through welding, bonding, fasteners or hot-melt self-tapping processes. This application implements There is no restriction on this.
  • a cooling channel (not shown in the figure) is embedded inside the first support plate 31 . Since the battery cell 2 is disposed on the first support plate 31, the bottom 102 of the battery cell 2 is in contact with the first support plate 31. To consider the performance of the battery 100, a cooling channel is embedded inside the first support plate 31, where The cooling gas or liquid can have a cooling effect on the battery 100 when the battery 100 is working, thereby increasing the life and availability of the battery 100 .
  • the cooling channel can also be provided as a water-cooling plate between the battery cell 2 and the first support plate 31 , or formed as any other component that can be provided with a cooling effect.
  • This application implements Examples are not limited here.
  • the box 1 can also be a simple three-dimensional structure such as a rectangular parallelepiped or a cylinder, or a complex three-dimensional structure composed of simple three-dimensional structures such as a rectangular parallelepiped or a cylinder.
  • the material of the box 1 may be alloy materials such as aluminum alloy, iron alloy, etc., or may be polymer materials such as polycarbonate, polyisocyanurate foam, or composite materials such as glass fiber and epoxy resin.
  • a sealing member such as sealant, sealing ring, etc., can also be provided between the cover 4 and the side plate 11.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the above feasible settings.
  • multiple battery cells 2 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection.
  • Mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 2 are connected in series and in parallel.
  • Multiple battery cells 2 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of multiple battery cells 2 can be accommodated in the box 1 ; of course, the battery 100 can also be multiple battery cells 2
  • the battery 100 modules are connected in series, parallel, or mixed, and then multiple battery 100 modules are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box 1 .
  • Each battery cell 2 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 2 may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery cell 2 according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 2 refers to the smallest unit that constitutes the battery 100 .
  • the battery cell 2 also includes a top cover plate 21 , a case 22 , an electrode assembly 23 and other functional components.
  • the top cover plate 21 refers to a component that covers the opening of the case 22 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 2 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the top cover plate 21 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 22 to fit the housing 22 .
  • the top cover plate 21 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy). In this way, the top cover plate 21 is less likely to deform when subjected to extrusion and collision, so that the battery cell 2 can have better performance. With high structural strength, safety performance can also be improved.
  • Functional components such as electrode terminals 211 and explosion-proof valves are provided on the top cover plate 21 .
  • the electrode terminal 211 may be used to electrically connect with the electrode assembly 23 for outputting or inputting electric energy of the battery cell 2 .
  • the top cover plate 21 may also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism 212 for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 2 reaches a threshold.
  • the top cover plate 21 can also be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • an insulating member may also be provided inside the top cover plate 21 , and the insulating member may be used to isolate the electrical connecting plate in the housing 22 from the top cover plate 21 to reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the insulating member may be plastic, rubber, etc.
  • the casing 22 is a component used to cooperate with the top cover plate 21 to form an internal environment of the battery cell 2 , wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 23 , electrolyte (not shown in the figure) and other components.
  • the casing 22 and the top cover plate 21 may be independent components, and an opening may be provided on the casing 22 , and the top cover plate 21 covers the opening at the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 2 .
  • the top cover plate 21 and the shell 22 can also be integrated. Specifically, the top cover plate 21 and the shell 22 can form a common connection surface before other components are inserted into the shell. When the shell 22 needs to be packaged, When inside, the top cover plate 21 covers the housing 22.
  • the housing 22 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as rectangular parallelepiped, cylinder, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 22 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 23 .
  • the housing 22 may be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrode assembly 23 is a component in the battery cell 2 where electrochemical reactions occur.
  • One or more electrode assemblies 23 may be contained within the housing 22 .
  • the electrode assembly 23 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive electrode sheets and negative electrode sheets, and a separator is usually provided between the positive electrode sheets and the negative electrode sheets.
  • the portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet that contain active material constitute the main body of the electrode assembly 23 , and the portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet that do not contain active material each constitute tabs.
  • the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab can be located together at one end of the main body or respectively located at both ends of the main body.
  • the battery 100 includes a box 1, a plurality of battery cells 2 and a stabilizing component 3.
  • the battery cells 2 are placed upside down in the box 1, and the top cover plate 21 faces the box 1.
  • the stabilizing component 3 includes a first support plate 31 and a second support plate 32.
  • the first support plate 3 is disposed on the top 101 of the box 1 in the height direction Z and is fixedly connected to the battery cell 2.
  • the second support plate 32 is disposed on The bottom 102 of the box 1 is fixedly connected to the battery cell 2 .

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种电池以及用电装置。电池包括箱体、电池单体以及稳固组件，箱体沿箱体的高度方向具有相对的顶部和底部，多个电池单体倒置于箱体内，电池单体的顶盖板朝向箱体的底部，稳固组件与电池单体固定连接。根据本申请实施例，能够提升电池的结构稳定性以及安全性。

Description

电池以及用电装置 技术领域
本申请属于电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池以及用电装置。
背景技术
近年来，新能源汽车的出现对于社会发展和环境保护均起到了巨大的推动作用，动力电池作为一种可充电的电池是新能源汽车的动力来源，在新能源汽车领域中被广泛应用。
在现有技术中，电池的能量密度不高，导致空间浪费，进而影响用电装置的性能；并且，现有的电池刚性较差，无法直接承受用电装置其它部位带来的载荷，容易产生安全事故，影响用电装置的安全性。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种电池以及用电装置，能够提升电池的能量密度以及安全性。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池，包括箱体、电池单体以及稳固组件。箱体沿箱体的高度方向具有相对的顶部和底部；多个电池单体倒置于箱体内，电池单体的顶盖板朝向箱体的底部设置；稳固组件，与电池单体固定连接。
上述技术方案中，使得箱体在高度方向具有相对的顶部和底部，通过将电池单体的顶盖板朝向箱体底部设置，能够提高电池的能量密度，并且设置稳固组件与电池单体固定连接，能够提高电池结构的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，稳固组件包括第一支撑板和第二支撑板，第一支 撑板设置于箱体的顶部并与电池单体固定连接，第二支撑板设置于箱体的底部并与电池单体固定连接，以固定电池单体的位置。
在一些实施例中，第二支撑板朝向电池单体的表面设置有悬架梁，多个悬架梁在箱体的长度方向上沿第二支撑板间隔设置，并在第二支撑板上沿箱体的宽度方向延伸。
上述技术方案中，避免电池的顶端盖直接抵顶于第二支撑板，影响电池的性能。
在一些实施例中，顶盖板包括功能区和肩部，功能区设置有电极端子，肩部沿长度方向位于功能区两侧，电池单体通过肩部固定于悬架梁。
上述技术方案中，将功能区设置于肩部之间，可以使得肩部对功能区实现一定保护效果。使得电池单体通过肩部搭接于悬架梁，能够避免功能区由于受力发生损坏，提升电池单体的寿命。
在一些实施例中，电极端子设置于相邻的两个悬架梁之间，且电极端子与第二支撑板间隔设置。
上述技术方案中，避免电极端子与第二支撑板接触，便于电极端子与外界电连接。
在一些实施例中，在高度方向上，悬架梁的延伸高度大于电极端子的延伸高度。
上述技术方案中，使得电极端子悬架于悬架梁之间。
在一些实施例中，功能区还设置有泄压机构，泄压机构与第二支撑板间隔设置，在长度方向上，电极端子设置于泄压机构两侧。
上述技术方案中，泄压机构与第二支撑板间隔设置，能够为泄压机构提供更大的泄压空间，减少排放物排出带来的风险，提升电池的安全性。
在一些实施例中，相邻两个电池单体的肩部共同固定于同一个悬架梁上。
上述技术方案中，使得在相邻的电池单体共用同一悬架梁，能够尽可能地减少悬架梁的数量，便于第二支撑板的制造。
在一些实施例中，在长度方向上，悬架梁的宽度D1与肩部的延伸宽度D2满足：0.5D2≤D1≤2D2。
上述技术方案中，避免悬架梁由于偏置而只能承载一侧的电池单体，并且使得悬架梁仅与相邻的两个电池单体的肩部接触，而避免与功能区接触影响电池单体的功能。
在一些实施例中，相邻的两个电池单体通过汇流部件电连接，在宽度方向上，相邻的两个悬架梁中的一者的延伸长度小于另一者的延伸长度，以形成避让缺口，避让缺口用于避让汇流部件。
上述技术方案中，使得悬架梁更好地适配于电池的结构，便于电池单体实现彼此串联、并联以及混联。
在一些实施例中，悬架梁与第二支撑板一体成型或可拆卸连接，以便于制造或根据电池单体的排布调整悬架梁的位置。
在一些实施例中，在高度方向上，悬架梁的延伸高度为第一尺寸H1，第一尺寸H1满足0.5mm≤H1≤30mm，以保持电池体积适中。
在一些实施例中，第一尺寸H1与单个电池单体的重量M之比H1/M满足0.05mm/Kg≤H1/M≤50mm/Kg。
上述技术方案中，使得电池具有良好的能量密度，且具有适宜的结构强度。
在一些实施例中，箱体还包括设置于底部的盖体，盖体与箱体固定连接。
在一些实施例中，第二支撑板与盖体固定连接，以增加电池的结构牢固性。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种用电装置，包括第一方面任一 实施方式的电池单体，电池单体用于提供电能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例的电池的装配结构示意图；
图3为本申请一些实施例的电池的爆炸示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例的电池的第二支撑板以及悬架梁的结构示意图；
图5为本申请一些实施例的电池单体的结构示意图；
图6为图2所示的电池的剖视示意图；
图7为图6在圆框B处的放大示意图；
图8为本申请一些实施例的对电池进行碰撞测试的碰撞测试装置的结构示意图；
图9为本申请一些实施例的电池的盖体的结构示意图；
图10为本申请一些实施例的电池单体的内部结构示意图。
具体实施方式的附图标记如下：
1000、车辆；100、电池；200、控制器；300、马达；1、箱体；101、顶部；102、底部；103、开口；11、侧板；2、电池单体；201、功能区；202、肩部；21、顶盖板；211、电极端子；212、泄压机构；22、壳体；23、电极组件；24、汇流部件；3、稳固组件；31、第一支撑板；32、第二支撑板；321、悬架梁；322、避让缺口；4、盖体；41、主体部； 42、配合部；
X、长度方向；Y、宽度方向；Z、高度方向。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体 含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中术语“平行”不仅包括绝对平行的情况，也包括了工程上常规认知的大致平行的情况；同时，“垂直”也不仅包括绝对垂直的情况，还包括工程上常规认知的大致垂直的情况。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池单体、锂离子一次电池单体、锂硫电池单体、钠锂离子电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
本申请中，电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以是电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。在电池中，多个电池单体之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体构成的整体容纳于箱体内；当然，电池也可以是多个电池单体先串联或并联或混联组成电池形式，多个电池再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体内。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
在相关技术中，电池箱体的开口常在竖直方向上朝向上方，电池单体固定于电池底部，电极端子朝向覆盖于箱体开口的盖体。
然而，在如以上设置的电池中，发明人注意到，由于电池设置于用电装置中时，底部与用电装置粘接，电池单体固定于电池底部，使得更容易受到碰撞的电池顶部的刚性较差，并且，电池在碰撞过程中，内部的电池单体受力不均，使得电池容易发生损坏，导致电池安全性较差，影响电池的使用性能。
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种电池，使得箱体在高度方向具有相对的顶部和底部，通过将电池单体的顶盖板朝向箱体底部设置，能够提高电池的能量密度，并且通过设置稳固组件与电池单体固定连接，能够提高电池结构的稳定性。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于电池，以及受电池供电的用电装置。
用电装置可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动 螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电装置不做特殊限制。
应理解，本申请实施例描述的技术方案不仅仅局限适用于上述所描述的用电装置，但为描述简洁，下述实施例均以车辆1000为例进行说明。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。如图1所示，车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。
电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
图2为本申请一些实施例的电池100的装配结构示意图。图3为本申请一些实施例的电池100的爆炸示意图。如图2以及图3所示，在本申请实施例中，电池100包括箱体1、电池单体2以及稳固组件3。箱体1沿箱体1的高度方向具有相对的顶部101和底部102。多个电池单体2倒置于箱体1内，电池单体2的顶盖板21朝向箱体1的底部102设置。稳固组件3与电池单体2固定连接。
箱体1沿箱体1的高度方向具有相对的顶部101和底部102所指示的是箱体1的顶部101以及底部102沿高度方向由上至下依次排列。为便于描述，在本申请实施例中，以箱体1的高度方向为Z方向，也即垂直方向。应理解，箱体1的高度方向Z也可以沿其它方向，在以下内容中为了指示电池单体2的排布方向等其它因素，还会对其它方向进行详细定义， 此处不做展开描述。
多个电池单体2倒置于箱体1内，电池单体2的顶盖板21朝向箱体1顶部101，所指示的是电池单体2在高度方向Z上与箱体1相互倒置，电池单体2的底部102位于箱体1的顶部101。通过将电池单体2与箱体1倒置设置，能够增加电池100顶部101的刚度，以增加电池100的安全性。并且，电池单体2的顶盖板21朝向电池100的底部102，能够增加电池100的能量密度，提升电池100的可用性。
稳固组件3与电池单体2固定连接，也即是稳固组件3与电池单体2的底部102以及顶盖板21两端固定连接，从而对电池单体2起到支撑作用，以增加电池100的结构强度。
本申请的一些实施例中，稳固组件3包括第一支撑板31和第二支撑板32，第一支撑板31设置于箱体1的顶部101并与电池单体2固定连接，第二支撑板32设置于箱体1的底部102并与电池单体2固定连接。
第一支撑板31以及第二支撑板32分别设置于箱体1的顶部101以及底部102，并与电池单体2固定连接，以固定电池单体2的位置，增强电池100结构的稳固性。
可选地，第一支撑板31可以位于箱体1顶部101作为箱体1的一部分，也可以作为设置于箱体1与电池单体2之间独立的板体，一面与箱体1固定连接而另一面与电池单体2固定连接，本申请实施例对此不做限制。
可选地，电池单体2可以通过黏胶直接与第一支撑板31以及第二支撑板32粘接，也可以采用其它方式与第一支撑板31以及第二支撑板32固定连接。
图4为本申请一些实施例的电池100的第二支撑板32以及悬架梁321的结构示意图。如图4所示，本申请的一些实施例中，第二支撑板32朝向电池单体2的表面设置有悬架梁321，多个悬架梁321在箱体1的长度 方向上沿第二支撑板32间隔设置，并在第二支撑板32上沿箱体1的宽度方向延伸。
为便于描述，在本申请实施例中以箱体1的长度方向为X方向，宽度方向为Y方向，长度方向X以及宽度方向Y分别与高度方向Z垂直。应理解，当长度方向X、高度方向Z以及宽度方向Y彼此之间的夹角为85°-95°时，即可将三者视为彼此垂直。长度方向X以及宽度方向Y也可以为其它方向，两者也可以不与高度方向Z垂直，本申请不做赘述。
悬架梁321从第二支撑板32沿高度方向Z向电池单体2凸出，从而起到支撑承载电池单体2的作用。多个悬架梁321在长度方向X上间隔地设置于第二支撑板32上，也即是悬架梁321沿长度方向X排布，以在多个位置对电池单体2实施支撑作用。由于箱体1内设置有多个电池单体2，电池单体2呈阵列排布于箱体1内部，悬架梁321沿宽度方向Y延伸，使得单个悬架梁321可以在宽度方向Y上对多个电池单体2起到支撑作用。
在第二支撑板32上设置悬架梁321，能够提高电池100结构的稳定性，避免电池100的顶端盖直接抵顶于第二支撑板32，影响电池100的性能。
图5是本申请实施例的电池单体2的结构示意图。如图5所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，顶盖板21包括功能区201和肩部202，功能区201设置有电极端子211，肩部202沿长度方向X位于功能区201两侧，电池单体2通过肩部202固定于悬架梁321。
功能区201所指示的是顶盖板21上设置有使得电池单体2能够实现自身功能的区域，或电池单体2能够与外界互动的区域，例如使得电池单体2能够与外界电连接的电极端子211。由于功能区201常设置有电极端子211等部件，功能区201不宜在电池100的使用过程中受力。肩部202所指示的则是顶盖板21除功能区201以外可以受力的区域。
将设置有电极端子211的功能区201设置于肩部202之间，可以使得肩部202对功能区201实现一定保护效果。使得电池单体2通过肩部202搭接于悬架梁321，能够避免功能区201的电极端子211由于受力发生损坏，提升电池单体2的寿命。
可选地，电池单体2可以通过黏胶直接与悬架梁321粘接，也可以采用其它方式与悬架梁321固定连接，本申请实施例在此不做限制。
在本申请的一些实施例中，电极端子211设置于相邻的两个悬架梁321之间，电极端子211与第二支撑板32间隔设置。
由于功能区201位于两个肩部202之间，肩部202搭接于悬架梁321上，功能区201的电极端子211也位于相邻的两个悬架梁321之间，电极端子211与第二支撑板32间隔设置，也即是电极端子311不与第二支撑板32接触，可以将电极端子211视作在两个悬架梁321之间悬空设置，以便于通过电极端子211引出电池单体2的电能，提升电池单体2的可用性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，在高度方向Z上，悬架梁321的延伸高度大于电极端子211以及泄压机构212的延伸高度。
在高度方向Z上，悬架梁321的延伸高度大于电极端子211的延伸高度，能够使得电极端子211以及泄压机构212悬架于相邻的悬架梁321之间，避免与其它部件接触影响功能。
在本申请的一些实施例中，功能区201还设置有泄压机构212，泄压机构212与第二支撑板32间隔设置，在长度方向X上，电极端子211设置于泄压机构212两侧。
泄压机构212是指在电池单体2的内部压力达到预定阈值时致动以泄放内部压力的元件或部件。即当电池单体2的内部压力达到预定阈值时，泄压机构212产生动作或被激活至一定的状态，从而使得电池单体2的内部压力得以被泄放。泄压机构212产生的动作可以包括但不限于：泄压机 构212中的至少一部分破裂、破碎、被撕裂或者打开，从而形成可供内部压力泄放的开口103或通道等。此时，电池单体2的内部的高温高压物质作为排放物会从致动的部位向外排出。以此方式能够在可控压力的情况下使电池单体2发生泄压，从而避免潜在的更严重的事故发生。泄压机构212可以采用诸如防爆阀、气阀、泄压阀或安全阀等的形式，并可以具体采用压敏元件或构造。
将电极端子211设置于泄压机构212的两侧，能够减少泄压结构212在泄压时对电极端子211产生的影响。并且，泄压机构212与第二支撑板32间隔设置，也即是泄压机构212不与第二支撑板32接触，从而为泄压机构212提供更大的泄压空间，减少排放物排出带来的风险，提升电池100的安全性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，相邻两个电池单体2的肩部202共同固定于同一个悬架梁321上。
在箱体1内设置有多个电池单体2的情况下，多个电池单体2相邻地排布于箱体1之中，由于悬架梁321沿长度方向X沿第二支撑板32间隔设置，肩部202在长度方向X上位于功能区201的两侧，能够使得肩部202位于相邻电池单体2的相接处，从而使得相邻两个电池单体2的肩部202共同固定于同一个悬架梁321上。
使得在长度方向X上相邻的电池单体2共用同一悬架梁321，能够尽可能地减少悬架梁321的数量，便于第二支撑板32的制造。
在本申请的一些实施例中，在长度方向X上，悬架梁321的宽度D1与肩部202的延伸宽度D2满足：0.5D2≤D1≤2D2。
当悬架梁321的宽度D1大于等于肩部202的延伸宽度D2的0.5倍时，即可对电池单体2提供足够的支持力。而悬架梁321在同时承载相邻的两个电池单体2时，悬架梁321在长度方向X上的宽度小于等于肩部202 的延伸宽度的2倍，能够使得悬架梁321仅与相邻的两个电池单体2的肩部202接触，而避免与功能区201接触影响电池单体2的功能。
优选地，悬架梁321的宽度D1与肩部202的延伸宽度D2之间的关系可以满足D2≤D1≤2D2。由于悬架梁321可能在相邻的电池单体2之间发生偏置，使得悬架梁321在长度方向X上的宽度大于等于肩部202的延伸宽度，能够使得悬架梁321同时承载相邻的两个电池单体2，而不发生由于偏置而只能承载一方、导致电池100由于受力不均而出现结构稳定性不佳的问题。
再次参考图4，如图4所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，相邻的两个电池单体2通过汇流部件24电连接，在宽度方向Y上，相邻的两个悬架梁321中的一者的延伸长度小于另一者的延伸长度，以形成避让缺口322，避让缺口322用于避让汇流部件24。
汇流部件24是使得多个电池单体2之间实现电连接的部件。汇流部件24跨接于相邻的电池单体2的电极端子211之间，以将多个电池单体2串联、并联或混联。由于在本申请实施例中，汇流部件24在长度方向X上跨接于相邻的电池单体2的电极端子211之间，至少一部分沿宽度方向Y延伸的悬架梁321需要对其进行避让，以形成避让缺口322。
相邻的两个悬架梁321中一者的延伸长度小于另一者的延伸长度，也即是延伸长度较长的悬架梁321与延伸长度较短的悬架梁321交替分布。可选地，悬架梁321的长度也可以根据汇流部件24的布置情况而调整。并且，悬架梁321在宽度方向Y上的延伸长度所指示的仅是悬架梁321在宽度方向Y上的长度总和，也即是说，避让缺口322可以设置悬架梁321的一端，也可以设置于悬架梁321的中部，根据汇流部件24的排布而定，本申请实施例对此不做特殊限制。
在悬架梁321设置避让缺口322，能够使得悬架梁321更好地适配 于电池100的结构，便于电池单体2实现彼此串联、并联以及混联。
在本申请的一些实施例中，悬架梁321与第二支撑板32可以一体成型或可拆卸连接。
在悬架梁321与第二支撑板32一体成型的情况下，便于第二支撑板32的制造。在悬架梁321与第二支撑板32彼此之间可拆卸连接的情况下，能够便于根据电池单体2的排布调整悬架梁321的位置，使得电池100具有更加稳固的结构。
在一些可选的实施例中，第二支撑板32以及悬架梁321的表面包覆有绝缘材质。
为了避免对电池单体2之间的电连接产生影响，第二支撑板32以及悬架梁321为绝缘件，可以理解的是，第二支撑板32以及悬架梁321可以整体为绝缘材质，也可以表面为被覆有绝缘材质以整体呈现绝缘性的物体。当第二支撑板32以及悬架梁321为表面包覆有绝缘材质的物体时，芯材可以为金属材质、绝缘材质或复合材质等，芯材外表面包覆绝缘材质。
图6为图2所示的电池100的剖视示意图。图7为图6在圆框B处的放大示意图。如图6以及图7所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，在高度方向Z上，悬架梁321的延伸高度为第一尺寸H1，第一尺寸H1满足0.5mm≤H1≤30mm。
悬架梁321在高度方向Z上具有一定尺寸，能够使其凸出于第二支撑板32而支撑承载电池单体2。悬架梁321保有第一尺寸H1，能够使得电池单体2的顶盖板21与箱体1的底部102保持一定距离，从而保持电池100的能量密度适中。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第一尺寸H1与单个电池单体2的重量M之比H1/M满足0.05mm/Kg≤H1/M≤50mm/Kg。
第一尺寸H1与单个电池单体2的重量M之比H1/M能够指示电池 100的能量密度以及结构强度，当第一尺寸H1与单个电池单体2重量M之比过大，会导致电池100能量密度过低，当第一尺寸H1与单个电池单体2重量M之比过小，会导致电池100结构强度不足，在碰撞中发生安全事故。因此，第一距离H1与单个电池单体2的重量M之比H1/M的满足0.05mm/Kg≤H1/M≤50mm/Kg，在这一取值范围内，电池100具有良好的能量密度，且具有适宜的结构强度。
为了验证第一尺寸H1与单个电池单体2重量M之比H1/M在适宜范围内的电池100具有良好的性能，可以对电池100进行结构强度测试。在对电池100进行结构强度测试的过程中，示例性地，可以通过剪切强度测试、抗压强度测试等多个测试对电池100的结构强度进行判断。
在剪切强度测试中，示例性地，可以将电池100固定在剪切试验机的夹具之间，然后使用剪切试验机的检测头带动电池100以5mm/min的速度沿宽度方向X或长度方向Y移动，在箱体1受到破坏时记录检测头施加的拉力F。以电池100在高度方向Z上的投影面积为面积A，F/A的值即为电池100能够承受的剪切强度。
在抗压强度测试中，示例性地，可以使用挤压头在高度方向Z以及宽度方向X或长度方向Y上向电池100施加压力，以2m/s的速度向电池100推进，在挤压力达到50KN或电池100的形变量达到30％的时候停止，保持10分钟，并在抗压强度测试后对电池100在环境温度下静置观察2小时。
可选地，还可以通过其它结构强度测试对电池100的结构强度进行测试，本申请实施例在此不做限制。
表1示出了在第一距离H1、单个电池单体2的重量M以及H1/M的值分别采用不同的值的情况下，通过以上方法对电池100进行结构强度的测试结果。
表1
  H1(mm) M(Kg) H1/M(mm/Kg) 结构强度测试
实施例1 0.5 10 0.05 较好
实施例2 5 5 1 较好
实施例3 10 4 2.5 好
实施例4 10 2 5 好
实施例5 20 1 20 优秀
实施例6 30 0.6 50 较好
对比例1 0.2 5 0.04 差
对比例2 52 1 52 差
如表1所示，当H1满足0.5mm≤H1≤30mm，H1/M满足0.05mm/Kg≤H1/M≤50mm/Kg时，在强度结构测试中，电池100具有较好的结构强度。
在另一些可选的实施例中，电池单体2也可以不与第二支撑板32的悬架梁321固定连接，而仅搭载于悬架梁321上。
此时，第一尺寸H1满足5mm≤H1≤30mm，第一尺寸H1与单个电池单体2重量M之比H1/M满足0.5mm/Kg≤H1/M≤50mm/Kg，优选地，H1/M满足1mm/Kg≤H1/M≤30mm/Kg，在这一取值范围内，电池100具有良好的能量密度，且具有适宜的结构强度。
图8为本申请一些实施例的对电池100进行碰撞测试的碰撞测试装置A的结构示意图。为了验证第一距离H1与单个电池单体2重量M之比H1/M在适宜范围内的电池100具有良好的性能，示例性地，对电池100以碰撞测试装置A进行碰撞测试。如图8所示，碰撞测试装置A包括冲击头A1、发射装置A2以及机架A3。测试的过程中，将电池100放置于机架A3上，使得冲击头A1受发射装置A2驱动，以一定速度向电池100冲撞。其 中，可以将测试条件选定为：冲撞方向为高度方向Z，冲撞位置为电池100的薄弱点，冲撞能量为90J。
由于电池100被应用于如车辆1000的用电装置，通过顶部101安装于车辆1000，对电池100的底部102以高度方向Z进行冲撞，可以模拟将电池100安装于车辆1000后的场景。电池100的薄弱点所指示的是电池100易被破坏的位置，这一点常在电池100的几何中心的半径240mm区域内，对电池100的薄弱点进行冲撞，能够模拟电池100结构强度较弱位置受到冲撞后电池100的状态。冲撞能量为90J，可以等效为冲击头A1以4.2m/s的速度向电池100冲撞，可以理解的是，也可以用其它冲撞能量对电池100进行冲撞，例如，120J(冲撞速度4.9m/s)或150J(冲撞速度5.5m/s)。在实际实验过程中，可以用一个冲撞能量对电池100进行多次冲撞，或以多个冲撞能量对电池100进行多次冲撞。
在通过碰撞测试装置A对电池100进行冲撞后，在环境温度下观察2小时，检测电池100有无出现起火爆炸现象。可选地，在以碰撞测试装置A对电池100进行碰撞测试后，还可以对电池100进行外壳防护等级等测试，本申请实施例对此不做限制。
表2示出了电池单体2搭载于悬架梁321上时，在第一距离H1、单个电池单体2的重量M以及H1/M的值分别采用不同的值的情况下，通过以上方法对电池100进行碰撞测试的测试结果。
表2
No. H1(mm) M(Kg) H1/M(mm/Kg) 碰撞测试
实施例7 5 10 0.5 不起火，不爆炸
实施例8 10 5 2 不起火，不爆炸
实施例9 15 3 5 不起火，不爆炸
实施例10 30 1 30 不起火，不爆炸
实施例11 25 0.5 50 不起火，不爆炸
对比例3 3 5 0.2 起火，爆炸
对比例4 52 1 52 起火，爆炸
如表2所示，当H1满足5mm≤H1≤30mm，H1/M满足0.5mm/Kg≤H1/M≤50mm/Kg时，在一定强度的碰撞测试中，电池100不会发生起火爆炸，具有较好的安全性。
图9为本申请一些实施例的电池100的盖体4的结构示意图。如图9所示，本申请的一些实施例中，箱体1还包括设置于底部102的盖体4，盖体4与箱体1固定连接。
当箱体1的底部102具有盖体4时，也即是箱体1的底部102具有开口103，开口103在高度方向Z上朝向下方，盖体4覆盖于开口103，使得箱体1具有相对密封的结构。
在一些可选的实施例中，盖体4包括主体部41以及配合部42，配合部42设置于主体部41周向且与侧板11相匹配。也即是说，主体部41覆盖于由侧板11形成的开口103，配合部42固定于侧板11，将盖体4与侧板11固定连接。可选地，配合部42与侧板11可以螺栓连接，配合部42与侧板11也可以采用其它方式固定连接。
在高度方向Z上，主体部41相对于配合部42凸出于底部102的延伸面。使得设置于箱体1内部的电池单体2与盖体4之间具有相对更大的距离，以为汇流部件24或第二支撑板32进行让位。应理解，主体部41相对于配合部42凸出的距离应基于电池100的能量密度进行选择，不应过大导致电池100体积增加，而对电池100的能量密度有所降低。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第二支撑板32可以与盖体4固定连接。以增加电池100的结构牢固性。可选地，第二支撑板32也可以抵接于盖体 4，本申请实施例对此不做限制。
应理解，以上对电池100的一些实施例的描述仅是示例性的，电池100还可以具有其它的结构。
再次参考图2以及图3，在一些可选的实施例中，第一支撑板31位于箱体1的顶部101，为箱体1的一部分。箱体1还包括侧板11，侧板11沿朝向底部102的开口103周侧分布，第一支撑板31以及盖体4分别与侧板11固定连接。也即是说，第一支撑板31、侧板11以及盖体4沿高度方向Z由上至下依次排列，第一支撑板31是沿长度方向X延伸的板体，侧板11是沿高度方向Z延伸的板体，侧板11包围第一支撑板31设置，而在底部102处形成开口103，盖体4覆盖于开口103，使箱体1内部具有设置电池单体2的空间。电池单体2设置于第一支撑板31，可以增加电池100顶部101刚度，减少电池100在碰撞中损坏的可能性。
可选地，侧板11可以与第一支撑板31一体成型，也可以与第一支撑板31通过焊接、粘接、紧固件或热熔自攻丝工艺等连接方式固定连接，本申请实施例对此不作限制。
在一些可选的实施例中，第一支撑板31内部埋设有冷却通道(图中未示出)。由于电池单体2设置于第一支撑板31，电池单体2的底部102与第一支撑板31相接触，出于对电池100性能的考虑，第一支撑板31内部埋设有冷却通道，其中通有冷却用的气体或液体，能够在电池100工作时对电池100起到降温效果，从而增加电池100的寿命以及可用性。
在另一些可选的实施例中，冷却通道也可以作为水冷板被设置于电池单体2与第一支撑板31之间，或形成为任何其它能够设置起到降温效果的部件，本申请实施例在此不作限制。
可选地，箱体1也可以是长方体或者圆柱体等简单立体结构，也可以是由长方体或者圆柱体等简单立体结构组合而成的复杂立体结构。箱体 1的材质可以是如铝合金、铁合金等合金材料，也可以是如聚碳酸酯、聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料等高分子材料，或者是如玻璃纤维加环氧树脂的复合材料。为提高箱体1的密封性，盖体4与侧板11之间也可以设置密封件，比如，密封胶、密封圈等。本申请实施例实施例对以上可行的设置均不做限制。
可选地，在电池100中，多个电池单体2之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体2中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体2之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体2构成的整体容纳于箱体1内；当然，电池100也可以是多个电池单体2先串联或并联或混联组成电池100模块形式，多个电池100模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体1内。
其中，每个电池单体2可以为二次电池或一次电池；还可以是锂硫电,、钠离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限于此。电池单体2可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。
图10为本申请一些实施例的电池单体2的内部结构示意图。电池单体2是指组成电池100的最小单元。如图10所示，电池单体2还包括顶盖板21、壳体22、电极组件23以及其他的功能性部件。
顶盖板21是指盖合于壳体22的开口处以将电池单体2的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。不限地，顶盖板21的形状可以与壳体22的形状相适应以配合壳体22。可选地，顶盖板21可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质(如铝合金)制成，这样，顶盖板21在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体2能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。顶盖板21上设置有如电极端子211以及防爆阀等的功能性部件。电极端子211可以用于与电极组件23电连接，以用于输出或输入电池单体2的电能。在一些实施例中，顶盖板21上还可以设置有用于在电池单体2的内部压力或 温度达到阈值时泄放内部压力的泄压机构212。顶盖板21的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。在一些实施例中，在顶盖板21的内侧还可以设置有绝缘件，绝缘件可以用于隔离壳体22内的电连接板件与顶盖板21，以降低短路的风险。示例性的，绝缘件可以是塑料、橡胶等。
壳体22是用于配合顶盖板21以形成电池单体2的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电极组件23、电解液(图中未示出)以及其他部件。壳体22和顶盖板21可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体22上设置开口，通过在开口处使顶盖板21盖合开口以形成电池单体2的内部环境。不限地，也可以使顶盖板21和壳体22一体化，具体地，顶盖板21和壳体22可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连接面，当需要封装壳体22的内部时，再使顶盖板21盖合壳体22。壳体22可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体22的形状可以根据电极组件23的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体22的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
电极组件23是电池单体2中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体22内可以包含一个或更多个电极组件23。电极组件23主要由正极片和负极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，并且通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔膜。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电极组件23的主体部，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部的一端或是分别位于主体部的两端。在电池100的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳连接电极端子211以形成电流回路。
在本申请的一些可选的实施例中，电池100包括箱体1、多个电池 单体2以及稳固组件3，电池单体2倒置于箱体1内，顶盖板21朝向箱体1在高度方向Z上的底部102。稳固组件3包括第一支撑板31以及第二支撑板32，第一支撑板3设置于箱体1在高度方向Z上的顶部101并与电池单体2固定连接，第二支撑板32设置于箱体1的底部102并与电池单体2固定连接。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换，但这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种电池，包括：
    箱体(1)，沿所述箱体(1)的高度方向具有相对的顶部(101)和底部(102)；
    多个电池单体(2)，倒置于所述箱体(1)内，所述电池单体(2)的顶盖板(21)朝向所述箱体(1)的所述底部(102)设置；
    稳固组件(3)，与所述电池单体(2)固定连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其中，所述稳固组件(3)包括第一支撑板(31)和第二支撑板(32)，所述第一支撑板(31)设置于所述箱体(1)的所述顶部(101)并与所述电池单体(2)固定连接，所述第二支撑板(32)设置于所述箱体(1)的所述底部(102)并与所述电池单体(2)固定连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池，其中，所述第二支撑板(32)朝向所述电池单体(2)的表面设置有悬架梁(321)，多个所述悬架梁(321)在所述箱体(1)的长度方向上沿所述第二支撑板(32)间隔设置，并在所述第二支撑板(32)上沿所述箱体(1)的宽度方向延伸。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池，其中，所述顶盖板(21)包括功能区(201)和肩部(202)，所述功能区(201)设置有电极端子(211)，所述肩部(202)沿所述长度方向位于所述功能区(201)两侧，所述电池单体(2)通过所述肩部(202)固定于所述悬架梁(321)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池，其中，所述电极端子(211)设置于相邻的两个所述悬架梁(321)之间，且所述电极端子(211)与所述第二支撑板(32)间隔设置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池，其中，在所述高度方向上，所述悬架梁(321)的延伸高度大于所述电极端子(211)的延伸高度。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的电池，其中，所述功能区(201)还设置有泄压 机构(212)，所述泄压机构(212)与所述第二支撑板(32)间隔设置，在所述长度方向上，所述电极端子(211)设置于所述泄压机构(212)两侧。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的电池，其中，相邻两个电池单体(2)的所述肩部(202)共同固定于同一个所述悬架梁(321)上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池，其中，在所述长度方向上，所述悬架梁(321)的宽度D1与所述肩部(202)的延伸宽度D2满足：0.5D2≤D1≤2D2。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的电池，其中，相邻的两个所述电池单体(2)通过汇流部件(24)电连接，在所述宽度方向上，相邻的两个所述悬架梁(321)中的一者的延伸长度小于另一者的延伸长度，以形成避让缺口(322)，所述避让缺口(322)用于避让所述汇流部件(24)。
  11. 根据权利要求3所述的电池，其中，所述悬架梁(321)与所述第二支撑板(32)一体成型或可拆卸连接。
  12. 根据权利要求3所述的电池，其中，在所述高度方向上，所述悬架梁(321)的延伸高度为第一尺寸H1，所述第一尺寸H1满足0.5mm≤H1≤30mm。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电池，其中，所述第一尺寸H1与单个所述电池单体(2)的重量M之比H1/M满足0.05mm/Kg≤H1/M≤50mm/Kg。
  14. 根据权利要求2所述的电池，其中，所述箱体(1)还包括设置于所述底部(102)的盖体(4)，所述盖体(4)与所述箱体(1)固定连接。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电池，其中，所述第二支撑板(32)与所述盖体(4)固定连接。
  16. 一种用电装置，包括根据权利要求1-15中任一项所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
PCT/CN2022/101414 2022-02-21 2022-06-27 电池以及用电装置 Ceased WO2024000093A1 (zh)

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