WO2024002201A1 - 直冷板、换热器、动力电池包及车辆 - Google Patents

直冷板、换热器、动力电池包及车辆 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2024002201A1
WO2024002201A1 PCT/CN2023/103482 CN2023103482W WO2024002201A1 WO 2024002201 A1 WO2024002201 A1 WO 2024002201A1 CN 2023103482 W CN2023103482 W CN 2023103482W WO 2024002201 A1 WO2024002201 A1 WO 2024002201A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
channel
heat exchange
cooling
channels
flow channel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/103482
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蔡耀民
翟剑
钟日军
朱瑞元
陈潞
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BYD Co Ltd
Original Assignee
BYD Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BYD Co Ltd filed Critical BYD Co Ltd
Priority to EP23830372.1A priority Critical patent/EP4545897A4/en
Priority to JP2024559727A priority patent/JP7762317B2/ja
Priority to KR1020247032651A priority patent/KR20240160153A/ko
Publication of WO2024002201A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024002201A1/zh
Priority to US18/941,764 priority patent/US20250065691A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/12—Elements constructed in the shape of a hollow panel, e.g. with channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00321—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices
    • B60H1/00328—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices of the liquid-air type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/042—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
    • F28F3/046—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element the deformations being linear, e.g. corrugations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of power battery heat exchange, and specifically, to a direct cooling plate, a heat exchanger, a power battery pack and a vehicle.
  • the traditional stamping and brazing cooler of the power battery pack exchanges heat with the power battery through the heat absorption characteristics of the refrigerant evaporation, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling the power battery.
  • the flow channel of the cooler adopts a structure design of one inlet and one outlet. When adjusting the flow of the cooler, it will affect the heat exchange efficiency of the entire contact area between the cooler and the battery.
  • the power battery has high energy density and relatively large volume. Large, the heat generation in different areas of the battery core is also different. Therefore, the traditional power battery cooler can no longer meet the needs of using power batteries, which is not conducive to the temperature difference management of the power battery and affects the service life of the power battery.
  • the purpose of this disclosure is to provide a direct cooling plate, a heat exchanger, a power battery pack and a vehicle.
  • the direct cooling plate can meet the cooling and/or heating needs of different areas of the battery by controlling the temperature of each heat exchange flow channel. This allows each heat exchange flow channel to have different cooling and/or heating capabilities, improve the overall temperature difference of the battery, and extend the service life of the battery.
  • a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a direct cooling plate.
  • the direct cooling plate includes a plurality of heat exchange flow channels provided inside the direct cooling plate, and each of the heat exchange flow channels includes a channel for the refrigerant to enter. An inlet and an outlet for the refrigerant to flow out; wherein, at least one of the heat exchange flow channels is arranged around the circumference of the other heat exchange flow channels;
  • Each of the heat exchange flow channels forms a heat exchange unit on the direct cooling plate, and the heat exchange unit is used for heat exchange in different temperature areas of the battery.
  • the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange flow channel are located on the same side of the direct cooling plate.
  • heat exchange flow channels there are two heat exchange flow channels, namely flow channel one and flow channel two, and the first flow channel is located around the outside of the second flow channel.
  • the second flow channel is generally in a "concave" shape
  • the first flow channel includes two first cooling parts, and a second cooling part connected between the two first cooling parts, wherein, The second cooling part extends into the recessed part formed by the second flow channel, and the two first cooling parts are surrounding the outer circumference of the second flow channel.
  • the flow channel includes a first branch channel, a first cooling channel and a first bus channel that are connected in sequence, and the first branch channel, the first cooling channel and the first bus channel are all Comprising at least two sub-channels, the number of sub-channels of the first cooling channel is greater than the number of sub-channels of the first branch channel and the first converging channel;
  • the number of sub-channels of the first branch channel and the first confluence channel is the same;
  • the number of sub-channels of the second branch channel and the second confluence channel is the same.
  • the direct cooling plate includes a plate member one and a plate member two that are connected to each other, wherein the plate member one is provided with a groove one and a groove two that are recessed in a direction away from the plate member two, and The first groove is arranged around the outside of the second groove, and the second plate member, the first groove and the second groove enclose the first flow channel and the second flow channel.
  • the first groove and the second groove are made by stamping
  • first plate member and the second plate member are connected by brazing.
  • a heat exchanger is further provided.
  • the heat exchanger includes the above-mentioned direct cooling plate.
  • a third aspect of the present disclosure also provides a power battery pack, including a power battery.
  • the power battery pack further includes the above-mentioned heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger is attached to the power battery and is used for the power battery. cooling and/or heating.
  • a vehicle in a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, includes the power battery pack described in the third aspect of the present disclosure.
  • the direct cooling plate includes a plurality of heat exchange flow channels, and each heat exchange flow channel includes an inlet and an outlet, and each heat exchange flow channel forms a heat exchange unit.
  • this heat exchange unit corresponds to different temperature areas on the battery (such as a power battery).
  • the flow and pressure of the coolant at the inlet of each heat exchange flow channel can be controlled.
  • To adjust the temperature in the heat exchange flow channel so that the cooling capacity and/or heating capacity of each heat exchange unit matches the regional temperature of the corresponding battery improve the overall temperature difference of the battery, and achieve more accurate temperature difference management of the battery. Improve battery life.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a stamped and brazed cooler for a power battery pack in the related art.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of flow channel one and flow channel two of a direct cooling plate provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of flow channel 1 of the direct cooling plate provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of flow channel 2 of the direct cooling plate provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of plate one of the direct cooling plate provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 6 is a front view of the second plate of the direct cooling plate provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 7 is an exploded structural view of a power battery pack provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 8 is a front view of a power battery provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure, showing the positions of both ends of the power battery and the middle position of the battery cell.
  • Figure 9 is a structural block diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the stamped and brazed cooler of the power battery pack is shown in Figure 1 and is made up of a stamped plate with built-in flow channels, a vapor chamber, and welded joints.
  • the refrigerant enters the flow channel through the joint inlet and flows through the parallel flow channels in a splitting manner.
  • the refrigerant circulates in the flow channel and finally flows out of the joint outlet to complete the circulation of the refrigerant in the flow channel.
  • This type of cooler exchanges heat with the power battery through the heat absorption characteristics of the refrigerant, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling the power battery.
  • This power battery pack stamped brazing cooler has the following disadvantages: all flow channel flow is affected by the refrigerant flow at the joint inlet. When adjusting the inlet flow of the cooler, it will affect the heat exchange efficiency of the entire contact area between the cooler and the battery. .
  • the cooler flow channel adopts an integrated design, which increases the pressure drop of the entire cooler, resulting in different evaporation temperatures of the refrigerant under different pressures, ultimately causing the temperature gradient inside the cooler to gradually increase along the way.
  • the excessive length of the flow channel leads to poor flow diversion effect of the parallel-arranged branches, and also results in different heat exchange areas of the flow channels. Due to this reason, the refrigerant evaporates to different degrees in different branches, which ultimately leads to the advance of the refrigerant in individual branches. Evaporated to dryness, resulting in local overheating of the parallel flow channels.
  • a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a direct cooling plate 10 .
  • the direct cooling plate 10 includes a plurality of heat exchange flow channels 100 provided inside, each of which The hot runner 100 includes an inlet 101 for refrigerant to enter and an outlet 102 for refrigerant to flow out.
  • at least one heat exchange flow channel 100 is arranged around the circumference of other heat exchange flow channels 100, and each heat exchange flow channel
  • the channel 100 forms a heat exchange unit on the direct cooling plate 10, and the heat exchange unit is used for heat exchange in different temperature zones on the battery (eg, the power battery 300).
  • the direct cooling plate 10 includes a plurality of heat exchange flow channels 100, and each heat exchange flow channel 100 includes an inlet 101 and an outlet 102.
  • Each heat exchange flow channel The channel 100 forms a heat exchange unit, which corresponds to different temperature areas on the battery (such as the power battery 300). According to the cooling and/or heating needs of different temperature areas of the battery, each heat exchange flow channel 100 can be controlled.
  • the flow and pressure of the refrigerant at the inlet 101 are used to adjust the temperature in the heat exchange flow channel 100, so that the cooling capacity and/or heating capacity of each heat exchange unit is adapted to the different temperature zones of its corresponding battery, thereby improving the battery
  • the overall temperature difference can more accurately realize the temperature difference management of the battery and improve the service life of the battery.
  • at least one heat exchange flow channel 100 is arranged around the circumference of other heat exchange flow channels 100, which can preferentially heat or cool the outer circumference of the battery, which is beneficial to improving the temperature difference of the battery in different environments, to a certain extent. Improve battery life.
  • refrigerant can be introduced into the direct cooling plate 10 for cooling, or gas refrigerant can be introduced for heating.
  • the structure of the direct cooling plate 10 can provide different temperatures to the battery according to the required cooling and/or heating heat.
  • different refrigerant refrigerant
  • the overall temperature difference of the battery can be better and more accurately controlled; at the same time, because different heat exchange units are separated on the direct cooling plate 10, its response speed will also be accelerated; furthermore, with Compared with the traditional structure, an integral flow channel is divided into multiple individually controlled flow channels, which greatly reduces the friction pressure drop of the direct cooling plate 10 .
  • the above-mentioned battery can be a power battery 300, or other batteries that have different heating temperatures in different areas during charging, discharging or use.
  • the specific structure of the direct cooling plate 10 will be described below by taking the power battery 300 as an example, but this should not be understood as limiting the scope of the present disclosure.
  • the positions of the inlets 101 and outlets 102 of the multiple heat exchange flow channels 100 can be configured in any suitable manner. Considering the problem of convenient connection with the cooling system (such as an air conditioning system), in some embodiments, the positions of the heat exchange flow channels are The inlet 101 and the outlet 102 are located on the same side of the direct cooling plate 10 . That is, for each heat exchange flow channel 100, the inlet 101 and the outlet 102 of the heat exchange flow channel 100 are located on the same side of the direct cooling plate 10. For multiple heat exchange flow channels 100, multiple heat exchange flow channels The inlet 101 and outlet 102 of the channel 100 are also located on the same side of the direct cooling plate 10, which facilitates connection with the external air conditioning system through a joint 200, thus simplifying the overall structure and saving parts and overall space occupation.
  • Heat exchange flow channels 100 can be arranged according to actual needs, and the arrangement method is not limited. Specifically, the heat exchange flow channels 100 can be arranged accordingly according to the heating area of the battery.
  • the power battery 300 has high energy density and large volume, and different parts of the battery core often generate different amounts of heat. Among them, the heat generated by the electrodes at both ends of the battery core is greater than that of the middle part of the battery core.
  • the traditional cooler uses a single inlet and outlet, a cooling or heating method with a uniform cold plate temperature. Even if it can reduce the maximum temperature of the battery core, it does not significantly improve the overall temperature difference of the battery core, which greatly affects the power battery 300 life span.
  • the first flow channel 110 corresponds to the positive and negative electrodes of the two end positions A of the power battery 300, which is the area with larger heat generation.
  • the second flow channel 120 corresponds to the middle position B of the cell of the power battery 300, where It is an area that generates relatively little heat.
  • the air conditioning system can be in the heating mode.
  • the first flow channel 110 corresponds to the positive and negative electrodes of position A at both ends of the power battery 300, where the heat is relatively large.
  • the second flow channel 120 corresponds to the middle position B of the cell of the power battery 300, which is an area that generates relatively little heat.
  • the heating capabilities of flow channel one 110 and flow channel two 120 can be controlled to be different, that is, the heating capacity of flow channel one 110 is smaller than that of flow channel two 120, and the flow channel one 110 with a weaker heating capacity is used to heat the The two end positions A of the power battery 300 are heated, and the flow channel 2 120 with a relatively strong heating capacity is used to heat the middle position B of the battery core of the power battery 300 that generates less heat. According to different heating requirements, the efficiency of the battery core is improved. Temperature uniformity and reducing temperature differences can also increase the life of the battery pack.
  • first flow channel 110 can also be used for cooling
  • second flow channel 120 can be used for heating. That is, among the multiple heat exchange flow channels 100 in the direct cooling plate 10 of the present disclosure, some are used for cooling and some are used for heating. In order to realize the cooling and heating needs of the battery at the same time.
  • the refrigerant flow can also be allocated to the flow channel 110 first.
  • the area with a higher temperature is first cooled or the area with a lower temperature is heated. After a certain period of time, the refrigerant flow is then allocated to the flow channel 110 as needed.
  • Channel 2 120 is used to cool or heat the lower temperature area and the higher temperature area together to improve the temperature difference.
  • the cooling or heating of the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120 can be achieved in the following manner.
  • the cooling or heating capabilities of the two flow channels can be controlled by passing in different refrigerants respectively; It is connected to the same refrigeration system, for example, the refrigeration system of a vehicle air conditioner.
  • An electronic expansion valve is respectively provided upstream of flow channel one 110 one and flow channel two 120 to control the flow and evaporation of the refrigerant into the two flow channels.
  • Pressure can realize the distribution of compressor power, and can also realize the difference in cooling or heating capabilities of the two flow channels. It is a conventional technology for air conditioning and refrigeration systems and will not be described again here.
  • the second flow channel 120 is generally in the shape of "Concave" shape
  • flow channel one 110 includes two first cooling parts 1121, and a second cooling part 1122 connected between the two first cooling parts 1121, wherein the second cooling part 1122 extends into flow channel two 120 In the formed recessed portion 124 , two first cooling portions 1121 are provided around the outer circumference of the second flow channel 120 .
  • the second flow channel 120 is generally in a "concave" shape, which means that the second flow channel 120 mainly includes two upper and lower parts, and a recessed portion 124 with an opening on the right is formed between the two parts.
  • the two first cooling parts 1121 of the first flow channel 110 are provided outside the second flow channel 120, and the second cooling part 1122 used to connect the two first cooling parts 1121 extends into the second flow channel 120.
  • the two first cooling parts 1121 of the flow channel 110 correspond to the positive and negative electrodes of the two end positions A of the power battery 300
  • the second cooling part 1122 corresponds to the middle position of the battery cell, mainly because the power battery
  • the two end areas of 300 generate a large amount of heat
  • the middle position B of the battery cell may have a higher temperature due to difficulty in dissipating heat.
  • the second cooling part 1122 is set to correspond to it to achieve rapid cooling by strengthening the cooling capacity;
  • the upper and lower parts of the second flow channel 120 correspond to the two ends and the middle position of the battery, and can be cooled in a relatively weak cooling capacity, thereby controlling the temperature difference of the power battery 300, extending the service life of the battery, and ensuring the safety of the vehicle. of normal use.
  • flow channel one 110 when heating is required, the refrigerant inlet of flow channel one 110 and flow channel two 120 can be switched, and the middle position B of the battery core corresponding to flow channel two 120 with stronger heating capacity can be heated.
  • flow channel one 110 is set to have a weak heating capacity, and is used to heat the positive and negative electrodes at position A at both ends of the battery.
  • first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120 can be designed accordingly according to changes in the thermal load, and are not limited to the above arrangement.
  • flow channel one 110 includes a first branch channel 111, a first cooling channel 112 and a first converging channel 113 that are connected in sequence, and the first branch channel 111, the first cooling channel 112
  • Both the first cooling channel 112 and the first bus channel 113 include at least two sub-channels, and the number of sub-channels of the first cooling channel 112 is greater than the number of sub-channels of the first branch channel 111 and the first bus channel 113 .
  • the first cooling channel 112 forms the above-mentioned two first cooling parts 1121 and the second cooling part 1122; the first branching channel 111 and the first converging channel 113 form an inlet 101 and an outlet at ends far away from the first cooling channel 112 respectively.
  • the number of sub-channels of the first cooling channel 112 is larger than that of the first branch channel 111 and the first converging channel 113, and the cooling area can be increased to meet the needs of the area to be cooled.
  • the second flow channel 120 includes a second branch channel 121, a second cooling channel 122 and a second converging channel 123 that are connected in sequence, and the second branch channel 121, the second cooling channel 122 and the second converging channel are connected in sequence.
  • Each of the channels 123 includes at least two sub-channels, and the number of sub-channels of the second cooling channel 122 is greater than the number of sub-channels of the second branch channel 121 and the second confluence channel 123 .
  • the second cooling channel 122 forms the above-mentioned "concave" shape together with the second branch channel 121 and the second converging channel 123, and the second cooling channel 122 is recessed from the right side to the left direction to accommodate the second cooling channel.
  • the second branching channel 121 and the second converging channel 123 form an inlet 101 and an outlet 102 respectively at ends far away from the second cooling channel 122 .
  • the number of sub-channels of the second cooling channel 122 is larger than that of the second branch channel 121 and the second confluence channel 123, and the cooling area can also be increased to meet the needs of the area to be cooled.
  • each of the first branch channel 111 , the first bus channel 113 , the second branch channel 121 and the second bus channel 123 may include two sub-channels, and the first cooling channel 112 may include four sub-channels.
  • the first Every two sub-channels of the cooling channel 112 are connected to a first branch channel 111 and a sub-channel of the first confluence channel 113; while the second cooling channel 122 may include eight sub-channels, and every four sub-channels of the second cooling channel 122 are connected to a first sub-channel.
  • the sub-channels of the second splitting channel 121 and the second converging channel 123 can further improve the cooling uniformity in a certain temperature region when the splitting is satisfied.
  • the number of sub-channels of the first branch channel 111 and the first confluence channel 113 is the same;
  • the number of sub-channels of the two branch channels 121 and the second confluence channel 123 is the same.
  • the refrigerant entering the first branch channel 111 from the inlet 101 passes through the first cooling channel 112 and then is discharged from the first converging channel 113 with the same number of sub-channels, so as to avoid the pressure drop in the flow channel one 110;
  • the refrigerant entering the second branch channel 121 from the inlet 101 passes through the second cooling channel 122 and then flows through the secondary channel.
  • the second confluence channel 123 with the same number of channels is discharged, and the pressure drop in the second flow channel 120 can also be avoided.
  • the direct cooling plate 10 can be constructed in any suitable manner, as shown in Figures 5 and 6.
  • the direct cooling plate 10 includes a plate member 11 and a plate member 2 12 that are connected to each other, wherein the plate members
  • the first 11 is provided with a groove 11a and a groove 2 11b that are recessed in the direction away from the plate 2 12, and the groove 11a is surrounded by the outside of the groove 2 11b.
  • the plate 2 12 is in contact with the groove 11a and the groove 11a.
  • the second groove 11b surrounds the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120.
  • first groove 11a and the second groove 11b with the same shape can also be formed on the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 at the same time, wherein the first groove 11a and the second groove 11b are the flow channels 110 and 110 respectively.
  • groove one 11a on plate one 11 and groove one 11a on plate two 12 together form flow channel one 110.
  • the second groove 11b on the first plate 11 and the second groove 11b on the second plate 12 together form a second flow channel 120.
  • the shape of the groove 11a on the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 can be half of the structure of the flow channel 110, that is, the two grooves 11a are mirror images, for example, when the flow channel 110 is circular.
  • the two grooves 11a are both semicircular; the structure of the groove 11b on the plate 11 and the plate 2 12 can be referred to the groove 11a, and will not be described again here.
  • the first groove 11a and the second groove 11b can be constructed in any suitable manner, as shown in Figure 5.
  • the first groove 11a and the second groove 11b are made by stamping; wherein the plate The first part 11 and the second plate part 12 can both be metal plates, and the above-mentioned groove 11a and groove 2 11b are formed using a stamping process.
  • the first groove 11a and the second groove 11b can also be integrally formed by casting or formed by mechanical processing.
  • the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 can be connected in any suitable manner.
  • the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 are connected by brazing.
  • the specific brazing process can be carried out with reference to related technologies. I won’t go into details here.
  • the present disclosure provides a direct cooling plate 10 that includes two independent heat exchange flow channels 100 to correspond to the heat exchange needs of different areas of the battery. Different from traditional coolers, the direct cooling plate 10 places more emphasis on matching different battery areas. The cooling or heating needs of the area provide more cooling capacity to the areas with high heat generation at both ends of the battery cell to improve the temperature difference of the battery. Has the following characteristics:
  • each heat exchange flow channel 100 includes a structural form of an inlet 101 and an outlet 102.
  • Each inlet 101 independently controls the flow in the heat exchange flow channel 100 corresponding to different areas.
  • the adjustment of different inlet 101 flow strategies achieves the distribution of cooling capacity between regions.
  • the arrangement of two heat exchange flow channels 100 is adopted to reduce the internal pressure drop, balance the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the flow channel, and reduce the temperature difference along the flow channel.
  • the two heat exchange flow channels 100 are independently designed with temperature control areas.
  • the first flow channel 110 is arranged in the area where the battery core generates a large amount of heat
  • the second flow channel 120 is arranged in the area where the battery core generates a small amount of heat. This enables different flow channels to be used.
  • the refrigerants have different heat transfer rates, thereby reducing the temperature difference of the battery.
  • the direct cooling plate 10 adopts an integrated stamping and brazing design, and integrates independent flow channels to achieve high space utilization.
  • the present disclosure distinguishes heat load differences in different areas in terms of thermal management effect, which is beneficial to managing the temperature difference of the battery and solving the problem of uneven heating within the battery body.
  • the direct cooling plate 10 including at least two heat exchange channels has a faster response speed and can better and more accurately control the temperature difference of the battery.
  • the direct cooling plate 10 has excellent geometric flexibility and does not require secondary design for thermal management of a certain small part.
  • the direct cooling plate 10 can reduce friction resistance along the way and has excellent energy-saving properties.
  • a second aspect of the present disclosure also provides a heat exchanger 1.
  • the heat exchanger 1 includes the above-mentioned direct cooling plate 10. Therefore, the heat exchanger 1 also has all the advantages of the above-mentioned direct cooling plate 10, which will not be discussed here. Repeat.
  • the heat exchanger 1 when the inlets 101 and outlets 102 of multiple heat exchange flow channels are located on the same side of the direct cooling plate 10, the heat exchanger 1 also includes a joint 200, and the joint 200 is provided with a plurality of heat exchange flow channels 100.
  • the one-to-one corresponding and connected connection channels between the inlet 101 and the outlet 102 can simplify the connection structure between the heat exchanger and the air conditioning system, improve the connection efficiency, and save space.
  • a power battery pack 1000 is also provided, including a power battery 300.
  • the power battery pack 1000 also includes the above-mentioned heat exchanger 1.
  • the heat exchanger 1 is attached to the power battery 300 and is used for the power battery. 300 for cooling and/or heating.
  • the fit of the heat exchanger 1 to the power battery 300 can be understood to mean that the heat exchanger 1 is directly fit to the power battery 300, or it can also be understood that a thermal conductive glue is provided between the two, and the heat exchanger 1 is installed through the thermal conductive glue.
  • the fit of the heat exchanger 1 to the power battery 300 can be understood to mean that the heat exchanger 1 is directly fit to the power battery 300, or it can also be understood that a thermal conductive glue is provided between the two, and the heat exchanger 1 is installed through the thermal conductive glue.
  • the power battery 300 can be a blade battery, that is, a long and thin battery, which is stacked one after another in one direction. Especially when equipped with high-power charging, a large amount of heat will be generated at position A at both ends of the battery, causing the entire battery to Side temperature is too high. Heat exchanger 1 is in the air-conditioning refrigeration system.
  • the flow channel 110 corresponding to the two ends begins to flow in the refrigerant at the maximum power, so that the temperature of both ends of the battery is reduced and the heat accumulation at both ends is reduced; wait until the battery core The temperature of the middle position B slowly rises, and then a part of the compressor power is given to the middle area, and the refrigerant is slowly introduced, and the amount of refrigerant is adjusted according to the temperature change of the middle part.
  • a fourth aspect of the present disclosure also provides a vehicle 2000 .
  • the vehicle 2000 includes the power battery pack 1000 described in the third aspect of the present disclosure. Therefore, the vehicle 2000 also has all the features of the above-mentioned power battery pack 1000 . The advantages will not be repeated here.
  • any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure can also be carried out, and as long as they do not violate the idea of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in the present disclosure.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Abstract

一种直冷板、换热器、动力电池包及车辆，该直冷板包括设于其内部的多个换热流道，每个换热流道包括一个供制冷剂进入的进口和一个供制冷剂流出的出口；其中，至少一个换热流道围设于其他换热流道的周向；每个换热流道于直冷板形成一个换热单元，该换热单元用于电池不同温度区域的换热。该直冷板能够针对电池不同温度区域控制每个换热流道进口的制冷剂的温度，改善电池的整体温差，提高电池的使用寿命。

Description

直冷板、换热器、动力电池包及车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开要求在2022年06月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为202221703985.0、名称为“换热器的直冷板、换热器及动力电池包”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及动力电池换热技术领域，具体地，涉及一种直冷板、换热器、动力电池包及车辆。
背景技术
相关技术中，传统的动力电池包冲压钎焊冷却器通过制冷剂蒸发吸热的特性与动力电池进行热交换，从而达到动力电池降温的目的。该冷却器的流道采用一个进口和一个出口的结构设计，在对制冷器进行流量调节时，会影响整个冷却器与电池接触区域的换热效率；目前，动力电池的能量密度高，体积较大，电芯不同区域的发热量也不同，因此，传统的动力电池冷却器已无法满足使用动力电池的需要，不利于动力电池的温差管理，影响动力电池的使用寿命。
发明内容
本公开的目的是提供一种直冷板、换热器、动力电池包及车辆，该直冷板能够针对电池不同区域的冷却和/或加热需要，通过控制每个换热流道的温度，以使每个换热流道具有不同的冷却和/或加热能力，改善电池的整体温差，提高电池的使用寿命。
为了实现上述目的，本公开第一方面，提供一种直冷板，所述直冷板包括设于其内部的多个换热流道，每个所述换热流道包括一个供制冷剂进入的进口和一个供制冷剂流出的出口；其中，至少一个所述换热流道围设于其他所述换热流道的周向；
每个所述换热流道于所述直冷板形成一个换热单元，所述换热单元用于电池不同温度区域的换热。
可选地，所述换热流道的进口和出口设于所述直冷板的同一侧。
可选地，所述换热流道为两个，分别为流道一和流道二，且所述流道一围设于所述流道二的外侧。
可选地，所述流道二大体呈“凹”字形，所述流道一包括两个第一冷却部，以及连接于两个所述第一冷却部之间的第二冷却部，其中，所述第二冷却部伸入所述流道二形成的凹陷部内，两个所述第一冷却部围设于所述流道二的外侧周向。
可选地，所述流道一包括依次连通的第一分流通道、第一冷却通道和第一汇流通道，且所述第一分流通道、所述第一冷却通道和所述第一汇流通道均包括至少两个子通道，所述第一冷却通道的子通道的数量大于所述第一分流通道和所述第一汇流通道的子通道的数量；
和/或，和/或，所述流道二包括依次连通的第二分流通道、第二冷却通道和第二汇流通道，且所述第二分流通道、所述第二冷却通道和所述第二汇流通道均包括至少两个子通道，所述第二冷却通道 的子通道的数量大于所述第二分流通道和所述第二汇流通道的子通道的数量。
可选地，所述第一分流通道和所述第一汇流通道的子通道的数量相同；
所述第二分流通道和所述第二汇流通道的子通道的数量相同。
可选地，所述直冷板包括相互连接的板件一和板件二，其中，所述板件一上设有向远离所述板件二方向凹陷的沟槽一和沟槽二，且所述沟槽一围设于所述沟槽二的外侧，所述板件二与所述沟槽一和所述沟槽二围成所述流道一和所述流道二。
可选地，所述沟槽一和所述沟槽二采用冲压成型制得；
和/或，所述板件一和所述板件二采用钎焊连接。
本公开第二方面，还提供一种换热器，所述换热器包括上述的直冷板。
本公开第三方面，还提供一种动力电池包，包括动力电池，所述动力电池包还包括上述的换热器，所述换热器贴合于所述动力电池，用于所述动力电池的冷却和/或加热。
本公开第四方面，还提供一种车辆，该车辆包括本公开第三方面所述的动力电池包。
通过上述技术方案，即本公开的直冷板，该直冷板包括多个换热流道，且每个换热流道包括一个进口和一个出口，每个换热流道形成一个换热单元，该换热单元对应于电池(例如动力电池)上的不同温度区域，根据电池不同温度区域的冷却和/或加热需要，可以通过控制每个换热流道的进口的冷却剂的流量和压力以调整换热流道内的温度，以使得每个换热单元的冷却能力和/或加热能力与其对应的电池的区域温度相适配，改善电池的整体温差，更精准地实现电池的温差管理，提高电池的使用寿命。
本公开的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开，但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中：
图1是相关技术中动力电池包冲压钎焊冷却器的结构示意图。
图2是本公开一些实施例提供的直冷板的流道一和流道二的示意图。
图3是本公开一些实施例提供的直冷板的流道一的示意图。
图4是本公开一些实施例提供的直冷板的流道二的示意图。
图5是本公开一些实施例提供的直冷板的板件一的正视图。
图6是本公开一些实施例提供的直冷板的板件二的正视图。
图7是本公开一些实施例提供的动力电池包的结构拆解图。
图8是本公开一些实施例提供的动力电池的正视图，其中，示出了动力电池的两端位置和电芯的中部位置。
图9是本公开一些实施例提供的车辆的结构框图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本公开，并不用于限制本公开。
在本公开中，在未作相反说明的情况下，使用的方位词如“上、下、左、右”通常是指附图对应的上、下、左、右；“内、外”是指相对于对应的部件自身轮廓而言的“内、外”。另外，本公开所使用的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等是为了区分一个要素和另一个要素，不具有顺序性和重要性。此外，在下面的描述中，当涉及到附图时，除非另有解释，不同的附图中相同的附图标记表示相同或相似的要素。上述定义仅用于解释和说明本公开，不应当理解为对本公开的限制。
相关技术中，动力电池包冲压钎焊冷却器如图1所示，由内设流道的冲压板，均温板，接头焊接而成。冷媒通过接头进口进入流道，通过分流的方式，并行流过平行排列的流道，冷媒在流道内循环流动，最终汇流流出接头出口，完成冷媒在流道内的循环。此类冷却器通过制冷剂蒸发吸热的特性与动力电池进行热交换，从而达到动力电池降温的目的。
该动力电池包冲压钎焊冷却器具有以下缺点：所有的流道流量受到接头进口制冷剂流量的影响，在对冷却器的进口流量调节时，会影响整个冷却器与电池接触区域的换热效率。冷却器流道采用一体式设计，增大了整个冷却器的压降，导致冷媒在不同压力下的蒸发温度不同，最终导致冷却器的内的温度梯度随正沿程逐渐增大。流道沿程过长导致了并行排列的支路分流效果差、同时导致流道换热面积不同，受此原因的影响冷媒在不同支路中的蒸发程度不同，最终致使个别支路的冷媒提前蒸干，导致并行流道局部过热。
如图2至图8所示，为了实现上述目的，本公开第一方面，提供一种直冷板10，该直冷板10包括设于其内部的多个换热流道100，每个换热流道100包括一个供制冷剂进入的进口101和一个供制冷剂流出的出口102，其中，至少一个换热流道100围设于其他换热流道100的周向，每个换热流道100于直冷板10上形成一个换热单元，该换热单元用于电池(例如动力电池300)上的不同温度区域的换热。
通过上述技术方案，即本公开的直冷板10，该直冷板10包括多个换热流道100，且每个换热流道100包括一个进口101和一个出口102，每个换热流道100形成一个换热单元，该换热单元对应于电池(例如动力电池300)上的不同温度区域，根据电池不同温度区域的冷却和/或加热需要，可以通过控制每个换热流道100的进口101的制冷剂的流量和压力以调整换热流道100内的温度，以使得每个换热单元的冷却能力和/或加热能力与其对应的电池的不同温度区域相适配，改善电池的整体温差，更精准地实现电池的温差管理，提高电池的使用寿命。同时，至少一个换热流道100围设于其他的换热流道100的周向，能够对电池的外侧周向优先进行加热或者冷却，有利于改善电池在不同环境中温差，在一定程度上提高电池的使用寿命。
值得注意的是，该直冷板10中通入制冷剂，可以用于冷却，也可以通入气体冷媒用于制热。
可以理解的是，该直冷板10的结构形式，实现了按照所需冷却和/或加热的热量给电池不同温度 区域通入不同的(制冷剂)冷媒，可以更好更精确的控制电池的整体温差；同时，因在直冷板10上分隔了不同换热单元，其响应速度也会加快；再者，与传统的结构相比，将一个整体的流道分成了单独控制的多个流道，大大降低直冷板10的摩擦压降。
需要说明的是，上述的电池可以为动力电池300，也可以为其他在充、放电或者使用过程中不同区域发热温度不同的电池。下面均以动力电池300为例来对应说明该直冷板10的具体结构，但不应理解为对本公开保护范围的限定。
多个换热流道100的进口101和出口102位置可以采用任意合适的方式分别进行构造，考虑到方便与冷却系统(例如空调系统)连接的问题，在一些实施例中，换热流道的进口101和出口102设于直冷板10的同一侧。即针对每个换热流道100来说，该换热流道100的进口101和出口102设于直冷板10的同一侧，对于多个换热流道100来说，多个换热流道100的进口101和出口102也都设于直冷板10的同一侧，方便通过一个接头200实现与外部空调系统连接，从而简化整体结构，节省零部件和整个空间占用。
换热流道100可根据实际需要布置多个，且布置方式也不作限定，具体可以根据电池的发热区域进行相应的布置。
动力电池300的能量密度高，体积大，电芯的不同部位往往发热量不同。其中，电芯的两端电极的发热量要大于电芯中段。而传统的冷却器采用单一进出口、冷板温度均匀的冷却或者加热方式，即使可以降低电芯的最高温度，但是对电芯的整体温差并没有显著的改善，极大的影响了动力电池300的寿命。
同时，由于电池发热不均，导致不同地方换热需求量不同。现在的技术其实是按照所有部分都满足最大换热量来设计，这样就导致能量极大的浪费，同时也影响整车端压缩机功率分配。事实上，由于快充的急切需求以及大功率压缩机开发的缓慢，目前高倍率充电下电池的热管理成为行业的一个急需解决的问题。
考虑到上述情况，为了改善动力电池300的温差，如图2、图7及图8所示，在本公开的一些实施例中，换热流道100为两个，分别为流道一110和流道二120，且流道一110围设于流道二120的外侧。其中，流道一110对应于动力电池300的两端位置A的正负极，该处为发热量较大的区域，流道二120对应于动力电池300的电芯的中部位置B，该处为发热量相对较小的区域。可以控制流道一110和流道二120的冷却能力不同，即，流道一110的冷却能力大于流道二120的冷却能力，利用冷却能力较强的流道一110对发热量较大的动力电池300的两端位置A进行冷却，利用冷却能力相对较弱的流道二120对发热量较小的动力电池300的电芯的中部位置B进行冷却，从而解决电芯发热不均匀，降低电池电芯的温差，提高电池包寿命。同时，将换热流道100设置为两个，形成两个温度可以单独控制调节的换热单元；相较于传统一个换热流道的布置方式，可以在一定程度上减小沿程压差，从而避免沿程分流不均导致局部过热加剧，以改善冷却板的局部过热。
需要说明的是，在例如严寒地区，室外温度较低，为了保障动力电池300的使用性能，需要对动 力电池300进行加热，这时，空调系统可以为制热模式，其中，流道一110对应于动力电池300的两端位置A的正负极，该处为发热量相对较大，流道二120对应于动力电池300的电芯的中部位置B，该处为发热量相对较小的区域。可以控制流道一110和流道二120的加热能力不同，即，流道一110的加热能力小于流道二120的加热能力，利用加热能力较弱的流道一110对发热量较大的动力电池300的两端位置A进行加热，利用加热能力相对较强的流道二120对发热量较小的动力电池300的电芯的中部位置B进行加热，通过不同加热需求，提高电芯的温度均匀性，降低温差，也能够提高电池包的寿命。
另外，也可以通过流道一110进行制冷，流道二120进行制热，即本公开的直冷板10中的多个换热流道100中，部分用于制冷，部分用于制热，以实现电池的同时需要制冷和制热的需求。
另外，还可以将制冷剂流量优先分配给流道一110，首先对温度较高的区域进行降温或者对温度较低的区域进行加热，经过一定时长后，再将制冷剂流量按需要分配给流道二120，以实现温度较低的区域和温度较高的区域一起冷却或者加热，改善温差。
需要说明的是，流道一110和流道二120的冷却或者加热可以通过如下方式进行实现，可以通过分别通入不同的制冷剂以控制两个流道的冷却或者加热能力；还可以分别将其连接于同一制冷系统中，例如，车辆空调的制冷系统，通过在流道一110一和流道二120的上游分别设一个电子膨胀阀，以控制制冷剂进入两个流道的流量和蒸发压力，实现压缩机功率的分配，也可以实现两个流道冷却或者加热能力的不同。为空调制冷系统的常规技术，这里不再赘述。
可以实现分区精准控制，无需要再按照所有部分都满足最大换热量来设计而导致能量极大的浪费、影响整车端压缩机功率分配，更加的节能并给予整车更多的压缩机功率。
流道一110和流道二120的具体布置方式可以采用任意合适的结构，如图2、图3、图4及图5所示，在本公开的一些实施例中，流道二120大体呈“凹”字形，流道一110包括两个第一冷却部1121，以及连接于两个第一冷却部1121之间的第二冷却部1122，其中，第二冷却部1122伸入流道二120形成的凹陷部124内，两个第一冷却部1121围设于流道二120的外侧周向。如图4所示，流道二120大体呈“凹”字形，是指流道二120主要包括上下两个部分，且在该两部分之间形成右侧开口的凹陷部124，相应的，如图3所示，流道一110的两个第一冷却部1121设于流道二120的外侧，同时用于连接两个第一冷却部1121的第二冷却部1122伸入流道二120的凹陷部124内，流道一110两个第一冷却部1121对应于动力电池300的两端位置A的正负极，第二冷却部1122对应于电池电芯的中部位置，主要是因为动力电池300的两端区域发热量较大，而电池电芯的中部位置B由于散热比较困难，也可能温度较高，因此将第二冷却部1122设置为与之对应，通过强化冷却能力实现快速冷却；同时，流道二120的上下两个部分对应电池的两端与中间位置之间，可以采用冷却能力相对较弱的形式进行冷却，从而控制动力电池300的温差，提高电池的使用寿命，保障车辆的正常使用。
需要说明的是，流道一110和流道二120的进口101和出口102均设于左侧，即两个进口101和两个出口102均设于左侧，可以通过一个接头200进行连接，可以简化连接结构。
在另一些实施例中，流道一110可以大体呈“口”字形，流道二120可以采用其他任意的形成设于该“口”字形的流道一110的内部，流道一110设定为冷却能力较强的，用于对电池的两端位置A的正负极进行冷却，流道二120设定为冷却能力较弱的，用于对电池的电芯中部位置B进行冷却。
需要说明的是，在需要加热时，可以将流道一110和流道二120的制冷剂的进入切换一下，通过加热能够较强的流道二120对应的电池的电芯中部位置B进行加热，流道一110设定为加热能力较弱的，用于对电池的两端位置A的正负极进行加热。
值得注意的是，流道一110和流道二120的具体结构可根据热负荷的变化进行相应的设计，不局限于上述的布置形式。
如图3所示，在一些实施例中，流道一110包括依次连通的第一分流通道111、第一冷却通道112和第一汇流通道113，且第一分流通道111、第一冷却通道112和第一汇流通道113均包括至少两个子通道，第一冷却通道112的子通道的数量大于第一分流通道111和第一汇流通道113的子通道的数量。其中，第一冷却通道112形成上述的两个第一冷却部1121和第二冷却部1122；第一分流通道111和第一汇流通道113于分别远离第一冷却通道112的一端形成进口101和出口102。第一冷却通道112的子通道数量大于第一分流通道111和第一汇流通道113，可以增加冷却的面积以适应待冷却区域的需要。
如图4所示，同时，流道二120包括依次连通的第二分流通道121、第二冷却通道122和第二汇流通道123，且第二分流通道121、第二冷却通道122和第二汇流通道123均包括至少两个子通道，第二冷却通道122的子通道的数量大于第二分流通道121和第二汇流通道123的子通道的数量。其中，第二冷却通道122与第二分流通道121和第二汇流通道123一起形成上述的“凹”字形，而第二冷却通道122于右侧向左侧方向凹陷以形成用于容纳第二冷却部1122的凹陷部124。第二分流通道121和第二汇流通道123于分别远离第二冷却通道122的一端形成进口101和出口102。第二冷却通道122的子通道数量大于第二分流通道121和第二汇流通道123，同样可以增加冷却的面积以适应待冷却区域的需要。
在一些实施例中，第一分流通道111、第一汇流通道113、第二分流通道121和第二汇流通道123均可以包括两个子通道，而第一冷却通道112可以包括四个子通道，第一冷却通道112的每两个子通道连接一个第一分流通道111和第一汇流通道113的子通道；而第二冷却通道122可以包括八个子通道，第二冷却通道122的每四个子通道连接一个第二分流通道121和第二汇流通道123的子通道，在满足分流的情况下，进一步提高某一温度区域的冷却均匀性。
为了进一步减小压降，减少直冷板10因压力变化引起的温差，同时降低能耗损失，在一些实施例中，第一分流通道111和第一汇流通道113的子通道的数量相同；第二分流通道121和第二汇流通道123的子通道的数量相同。在流道一110中，使得由进口101进入第一分流通道111的制冷剂通过第一冷却通道112后再由子通道数相同的第一汇流通道113排出，避免流道一110中的压降；同样，在流道二120中，使得由进口101进入第二分流通道121的制冷剂通过第二冷却通道122后再由子通 道数相同的第二汇流通道123排出，同样可以避免流道二120中的压降。
直冷板10可以采用任意适合的方式进行构造，如图5及图6所示，在一些实施例中，直冷板10包括相互连接的板件一11和板件二12，其中，板件一11上设有朝远离板件二12方向凹陷的沟槽一11a和沟槽二11b，且沟槽一11a围设于沟槽二11b的外侧，板件二12与沟槽一11a和沟槽二11b围成流道一110和流道二120。需要说明的是，也可以同时在板件一11和板件二12形成形状相同的沟槽一11a和沟槽二11b，其中，沟槽一11a和沟槽二11b分别为流道一110和流道二120的部分结构，当板件一11和板件二12连接后，板件一11上的沟槽一11a与板件二12上的沟槽一11a共同围成流道一110，板件一11上的沟槽二11b与板件二12上的沟槽二11b共同围成流道二120。其中，板件一11和板件二12上的沟槽一11a的形状可以为流道一110的一半结构，即两个沟槽一11a完成镜像，例如，当流道一110为圆形时，两个沟槽一11a均为半圆形；板件一11和板件二12上的沟槽二11b的结构可以参考沟槽一11a，这里不再赘述。
沟槽一11a和沟槽二11b可以采用任意合适的方式进行构造，如图5所示，在本公开的一些实施例中，沟槽一11a和沟槽二11b采用冲压成型制得；其中板件一11和板件二12可以均为金属板，采用冲压工艺形成上述的沟槽一11a和沟槽二11b。需要说明的是，沟槽一11a和沟槽二11b也可以通过铸造一体成型，或者采用机械加工的方式以形成。
板件一11和板件二12可以采用任意合适的方式进行连接，在一些实施例中，板件一11和板件二12采用钎焊连接，具体的钎焊工艺可以参考相关技术中进行，这里不再赘述。
本公开提供了一种直冷板10，包括两个独立的换热流道100，以对应电池的不同区域换热的需求，区别于传统的冷却器，该直冷板10更加强调匹配电池不同区域的冷却或者加热需求，给与电池的电芯两端发热量大的区域更多的冷却量，以改善电池的温差。具有以下特点：
采用两个换热流道100，且每个换热流道100包括一个进口101和一个出口102的结构形式，每个进口101单独控制对应不同区域的换热流道100内的流量，通过对不同进口101流量策略的调整实现各区域间的冷却量分配。同时，采用两个换热流道100的布置方式，减小内部的压降，均衡制冷剂在流道内的蒸发温度，减小流道的沿程温差。
两个换热流道100采用温度控制区域独立设计的方式，将流道一110布置在电芯发热量大的区域，流道二120布置在电芯发热量小的区域，实现在不同流道中制冷剂的换热量不同，进而减小电池的温差。
直冷板10采用一体式冲压钎焊设计，对独立流道进行集成设计，空间利用率高。
本公开相对于相关技术，在热管理效果上，区分了不同区域的热负荷差异，有利于管理电池的温差，解决电池体内发热不均匀问题。在设计性上，具有更加灵活的调节手段，采用至少包括两个换热流道的直冷板10具有更快的响应速度，可以更好更精确的控制电池的温差。该直冷板10具有极好的几何灵活性，不用可以为了某一细小部位进行热管理的二次设计。该直冷板10能够降低摩擦沿程阻力，具优秀的节能属性。
本公开第二方面，还提供了一种换热器1，该换热器1包括上述的直冷板10，因此，该换热器1也具备上述直冷板10的所有优点，这里不再赘述。
其中，当多个换热流道的进口101和出口102设于直冷板10的同一侧时，换热器1还包括接头200，接头200上设有多个与每个换热流道100的进口101和出口102一一对应且连通的连接通道，能够简化换热器与空调系统的连接结构，提高连接效率，节省空间占用。
本公开第三方面，还提供了一种动力电池包1000，包括动力电池300，该动力电池包1000还包括上述的换热器1，换热器1贴合于动力电池300，用于动力电池300的冷却和/或加热。需要说明的是，换热器1贴合于动力电池300可以理解为换热器1直接贴合于动力电池300，也可以理解为两者之间设置导热胶，换热器1通过导热胶设于动力电池300。
其中，动力电池300可以为刀片电池，也即长薄形电池，其沿着一个方向依次堆叠，尤其是搭载了大功率充电情况下，电池两端的位置A会产生大量的热量，导致整个电池两侧温度过高。换热器1接收空调制冷系统中，这时候，与两端对应的流道一110开始以最大的功率开始通入制冷剂，使之电池两端温度降低，降低两端的热量积累；等到电芯的中部位置B温度慢慢升上来，再开始分一部分压缩机功率给中间区域，缓缓通入制冷剂，根据中间部位温度的变化调节制冷剂的通入量。
如图9所示，本公开第四方面，还提供一种车辆2000，该车辆2000包括本公开第三方面所述的动力电池包1000，因此，该车辆2000也具备上述动力电池包1000的所有优点，这里不再赘述。
以上结合附图详细描述了本公开的优选实施方式，但是，本公开并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本公开的技术构思范围内，可以对本公开的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本公开的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，为了避免不必要的重复，本公开对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外，本公开的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本公开的思想，其同样应当视为本公开所公开的内容。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种直冷板(10)，其特征在于，所述直冷板(10)包括设于其内部的多个换热流道(100)，每个所述换热流道(100)包括一个供制冷剂进入的进口(101)和一个供制冷剂流出的出口(102)；其中，至少一个所述换热流道(100)围设于其他所述换热流道(100)的周向；
    每个所述换热流道(100)于所述直冷板(10)形成一个换热单元，所述换热单元用于电池的不同温度区域的换热。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的直冷板(10)，其特征在于，所述换热流道(100)的进口(101)和出口(102)设于所述直冷板(10)的同一侧。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的直冷板(10)，其特征在于，所述换热流道(100)为两个，分别为流道一(110)和流道二(120)，且所述流道一(110)围设于所述流道二(120)的外侧。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的直冷板(10)，其特征在于，所述流道二(120)大体呈“凹”字形，所述流道一(110)包括两个第一冷却部(1121)，以及连接于两个所述第一冷却部(1121)之间的第二冷却部(1122)，其中，所述第二冷却部(1122)伸入所述流道二(120)形成的凹陷部(124)内，两个所述第一冷却部(1121)围设于所述流道二(120)的外侧周向。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的直冷板(10)，其特征在于，所述流道一(110)包括依次连通的第一分流通道(111)、第一冷却通道(112)和第一汇流通道(113)，且所述第一分流通道(111)、所述第一冷却通道(112)和所述第一汇流通道(113)均包括至少两个子通道，所述第一冷却通道(112)的子通道的数量大于所述第一分流通道(111)和所述第一汇流通道(113)的子通道的数量；
    和/或，所述流道二(120)包括依次连通的第二分流通道(121)、第二冷却通道(122)和第二汇流通道(123)，且所述第二分流通道(121)、所述第二冷却通道(122)和所述第二汇流通道(123)均包括至少两个子通道，所述第二冷却通道(122)的子通道的数量大于所述第二分流通道(121)和所述第二汇流通道(123)的子通道的数量。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的直冷板(10)，其特征在于，所述第一分流通道(111)和所述第一汇流通道(113)的子通道的数量相同；
    所述第二分流通道(121)和所述第二汇流通道(123)的子通道的数量相同。
  7. 根据权利要求3-6中任意一项所述的直冷板(10)，其特征在于，所述直冷板(10)包括相互连接的板件一(11)和板件二(12)，其中，所述板件一(11)上设有向远离所述板件二(12)方向凹陷的沟槽一(11a)和沟槽二(11b)，且所述沟槽一(11a)围设于所述沟槽二(11b)的外侧，所述板件二(12)与所述沟槽一(11a)和所述沟槽二(11b)围成所述流道一(110)和所述流道二(120)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的直冷板(10)，其特征在于，所述沟槽一(11a)和所述沟槽二(11b)采用冲压成型制得；
    和/或，所述板件一(11)和所述板件二(12)采用钎焊连接。
  9. 一种换热器(1)，其特征在于，所述换热器(1)包括如权利要求1-8中任意一项所述的直冷 板(10)。
  10. 一种动力电池包(1000)，包括动力电池(300)，其特征在于，所述动力电池包(1000)还包括如权利要求9所述的换热器(1)，所述换热器(1)贴合于所述动力电池(300)，用于所述动力电池(300)的冷却和/或加热。
  11. 一种车辆(2000)，其特征在于，所述车辆(2000)包括如权利要求10所述的动力电池包(1000)。
PCT/CN2023/103482 2022-06-30 2023-06-28 直冷板、换热器、动力电池包及车辆 Ceased WO2024002201A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP23830372.1A EP4545897A4 (en) 2022-06-30 2023-06-28 DIRECT COOLING PLATE, HEAT EXCHANGER, BATTERY PACK AND VEHICLE
JP2024559727A JP7762317B2 (ja) 2022-06-30 2023-06-28 直接冷却プレート、熱交換器、パワー・バッテリ・パックおよび車両
KR1020247032651A KR20240160153A (ko) 2022-06-30 2023-06-28 직접 냉각 플레이트, 열교환기, 파워 배터리 팩 및 차량
US18/941,764 US20250065691A1 (en) 2022-06-30 2024-11-08 Direct Cooling Plate, Heat Exchanger, Power Battery Pack and Vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202221703985.0U CN218002287U (zh) 2022-06-30 2022-06-30 换热器的直冷板、换热器及动力电池包
CN202221703985.0 2022-06-30

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US18/941,764 Continuation US20250065691A1 (en) 2022-06-30 2024-11-08 Direct Cooling Plate, Heat Exchanger, Power Battery Pack and Vehicle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024002201A1 true WO2024002201A1 (zh) 2024-01-04

Family

ID=84312396

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2023/103482 Ceased WO2024002201A1 (zh) 2022-06-30 2023-06-28 直冷板、换热器、动力电池包及车辆

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20250065691A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP4545897A4 (zh)
JP (1) JP7762317B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR20240160153A (zh)
CN (1) CN218002287U (zh)
WO (1) WO2024002201A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2025167015A1 (zh) * 2024-02-06 2025-08-14 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池和用电装置

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN218002287U (zh) * 2022-06-30 2022-12-09 比亚迪股份有限公司 换热器的直冷板、换热器及动力电池包
CN220172233U (zh) * 2023-05-31 2023-12-12 比亚迪股份有限公司 冷板、电池包和用电设备
CN118431609B (zh) * 2023-09-08 2025-07-11 重庆太蓝新能源有限公司 电池模组、包含环形电池的模组及用电设备
CN220914372U (zh) * 2023-09-25 2024-05-07 比亚迪股份有限公司 调温板、电池包和用电设备
CN118231878A (zh) * 2023-11-28 2024-06-21 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池管理系统及车辆
CN221827960U (zh) * 2023-11-28 2024-10-11 比亚迪股份有限公司 换热总成、电池包和用电系统
CN121444254A (zh) * 2024-04-28 2026-01-30 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池装置、冷媒换热装置及用电装置
NL4000023B1 (en) 2024-06-22 2025-11-20 Wuhan Mingwei Electromechanical Tech Co Ltd A lithium-ion battery pack power management system and method
CN223140875U (zh) * 2024-08-26 2025-07-22 比亚迪股份有限公司 换热装置、电池包及用电设备
CN121709755A (zh) * 2024-09-18 2026-03-20 法雷奥汽车空调湖北有限公司 热交换器及车辆
CN119315174A (zh) * 2024-09-27 2025-01-14 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 电池的直冷控温方法、系统、电池总成及车辆
CN119812552B (zh) * 2024-10-10 2026-04-07 比亚迪股份有限公司 换热组件、电池和用电装置
CN119786824B (zh) * 2024-10-15 2025-10-17 比亚迪股份有限公司 均温板、电芯均温装置、电池包及用电设备

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN206131851U (zh) * 2016-08-30 2017-04-26 广州市华德工业有限公司 一种自然冷源机组
CN107768768A (zh) * 2017-10-11 2018-03-06 浙江银轮机械股份有限公司 一种动力电池冷却板及冷却装置
CN207441924U (zh) * 2017-10-19 2018-06-01 长城汽车股份有限公司 换热板和具有其的电池包
KR20180117861A (ko) * 2017-04-20 2018-10-30 한온시스템 주식회사 차량용 열관리 시스템 및 방법
CN214254533U (zh) * 2021-02-01 2021-09-21 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池包的冷却装置、蓄电设备及其空调直冷系统
CN214706042U (zh) * 2021-04-14 2021-11-12 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池包及车辆
CN218002287U (zh) * 2022-06-30 2022-12-09 比亚迪股份有限公司 换热器的直冷板、换热器及动力电池包

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012005871A1 (de) * 2012-03-23 2013-09-26 Valeo Klimasysteme Gmbh Kühlvorrichtung für eine Fahrzeugbatterie sowie Fahrzeugbatterie mit Kühlvorrichtung
JP7209220B2 (ja) * 2019-03-30 2023-01-20 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 冷却装置および筐体
CN210403972U (zh) * 2019-08-23 2020-04-24 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池包的换热板组件和具有其的电池组件、电动汽车
CN114361675B (zh) * 2020-09-27 2023-07-14 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池包
CN220172233U (zh) * 2023-05-31 2023-12-12 比亚迪股份有限公司 冷板、电池包和用电设备

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN206131851U (zh) * 2016-08-30 2017-04-26 广州市华德工业有限公司 一种自然冷源机组
KR20180117861A (ko) * 2017-04-20 2018-10-30 한온시스템 주식회사 차량용 열관리 시스템 및 방법
CN107768768A (zh) * 2017-10-11 2018-03-06 浙江银轮机械股份有限公司 一种动力电池冷却板及冷却装置
CN207441924U (zh) * 2017-10-19 2018-06-01 长城汽车股份有限公司 换热板和具有其的电池包
CN214254533U (zh) * 2021-02-01 2021-09-21 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池包的冷却装置、蓄电设备及其空调直冷系统
CN214706042U (zh) * 2021-04-14 2021-11-12 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池包及车辆
CN218002287U (zh) * 2022-06-30 2022-12-09 比亚迪股份有限公司 换热器的直冷板、换热器及动力电池包

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP4545897A4 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2025167015A1 (zh) * 2024-02-06 2025-08-14 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池和用电装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP7762317B2 (ja) 2025-10-29
JP2025511983A (ja) 2025-04-16
EP4545897A1 (en) 2025-04-30
US20250065691A1 (en) 2025-02-27
KR20240160153A (ko) 2024-11-08
EP4545897A4 (en) 2025-10-15
CN218002287U (zh) 2022-12-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2024002201A1 (zh) 直冷板、换热器、动力电池包及车辆
CN110120566A (zh) 一种电动汽车动力电池冷却系统及电动汽车
CN115498327A (zh) 一种冷却装置及电池模组
CN220021275U (zh) 冷却板、动力电池总成、热管理系统和用电装置
CN220172233U (zh) 冷板、电池包和用电设备
CN219534643U (zh) 动力电池温控板及车辆
CN219497891U (zh) 一种换热模组、热管理系统、电池包及车辆
CN217374221U (zh) 换热管路、换热板、热管理系统及车辆
CN221827960U (zh) 换热总成、电池包和用电系统
CN115117514A (zh) 一种交错逆流式一体化冷却系统及电动车
CN220021286U (zh) 一种散加热的电池包装置
CN212209705U (zh) 冷却板组件及车辆
CN219892241U (zh) 一种用于锂离子电池均衡散热的仿生液冷装置
WO2024187744A1 (zh) 换热装置
WO2024082687A1 (zh) 一种储能系统和供电系统
CN208045580U (zh) 电池热管理系统及包括其的汽车
CN220400706U (zh) 一种电池冷却板、电池热管理系统及汽车
CN113048812A (zh) 散热器及制冷设备
CN220021258U (zh) 电池包以及用电装置
CN220021289U (zh) 一种换热装置、电池热管理系统及车辆
CN218456093U (zh) 电池的换热装置、电池包以及车辆
CN117367193B (zh) 口琴管、口琴管式换热器及车辆
CN118943573A (zh) 一种换热板及电池模组
CN216054912U (zh) 一种电池模块热管理系统
CN217641544U (zh) 一种液冷板及电池

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 23830372

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 20247032651

Country of ref document: KR

Kind code of ref document: A

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2024559727

Country of ref document: JP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 202527002136

Country of ref document: IN

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2023830372

Country of ref document: EP

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2023830372

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20250127

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 202527002136

Country of ref document: IN

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 2023830372

Country of ref document: EP