WO2024007438A1 - 一种扁线电机的定子结构 - Google Patents

一种扁线电机的定子结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024007438A1
WO2024007438A1 PCT/CN2022/116282 CN2022116282W WO2024007438A1 WO 2024007438 A1 WO2024007438 A1 WO 2024007438A1 CN 2022116282 W CN2022116282 W CN 2022116282W WO 2024007438 A1 WO2024007438 A1 WO 2024007438A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
conductor
stator
conductors
neutral point
span
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2022/116282
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘蕾
王建
黄健
顾杰
程勇
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Hefei JEE Power System Co Ltd
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Hefei JEE Power System Co Ltd
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Application filed by Hefei JEE Power System Co Ltd filed Critical Hefei JEE Power System Co Ltd
Priority to EP22879619.9A priority Critical patent/EP4325698A4/en
Priority to US18/305,574 priority patent/US20240006946A1/en
Publication of WO2024007438A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024007438A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/12—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the field of motor technology, and particularly relates to a stator structure of a flat wire motor.
  • the stator structure of the existing Hairpin flat wire motor consists of a three-phase incoming line part, a first conductor part, a special-shaped hairpin part, and a neutral point part connected to form a current loop.
  • the inner or outer layer incoming method is generally used.
  • the neutral point and the three-phase lead wires are incoming and outgoing from the innermost layer or from the outermost layer.
  • the distance between the three-phase lead wire and the neutral point is longer, occupying more circumferential dimensions of the outlet end, requiring a larger outlet envelope size.
  • some flat wire motor stator structures include some heterosexual conductors or copper bars, which are not only difficult to produce and process, but will also increase the process difficulty of preparing coil windings in the later stage. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a new stator structure of a flat wire motor to solve at least one of the above problems.
  • this application discloses a stator structure of a flat wire motor, including: a stator core, a first conductor, a second conductor and a third conductor;
  • the inner wall of the stator core is evenly provided with m stator slots in the circumferential direction;
  • the first conductor, the second conductor and the third conductor are arranged in the stator slot.
  • the first conductor includes 1 first conductor bending part, 2 first conductor extension parts and 2 first conductor outer ends, and the 2 first conductor outer ends extend outward in opposite directions. , and the bending angles are the same, the middle span is a, and the end span is b.
  • the second conductor includes 1 second conductor bending part, 2 second conductor extension parts and 2 second conductor outer end parts, one of the 2 second conductor outer end parts is a second conductor.
  • the outer end of the conductor extends outward, the outer end of another second conductor extends inward, the outer ends of the two second conductors are bent in the same direction, the middle span is c, and the end span is d.
  • the second conductors are located at n+24th, n+28th, n+30th, n+32nd, n+34th and n+38th stator slots.
  • the third conductor includes a third conductor bending portion, two third conductor extension portions and two third conductor outer end portions, one of the two third conductor outer end portions is a third conductor.
  • the outer end of the conductor extends outward, the outer end of another third conductor extends inward, the outer ends of the two third conductors are bent in the same direction, the middle span is e, and the end span is f.
  • the bending directions of the two second conductor outer ends of the second conductor and the two third conductor outer ends of the third conductor are opposite.
  • the end span d of the second conductor is equal to the end span f of the third conductor.
  • the third conductor is located in the n+19th, n+23rd, n+25th, n+27th, n+29th and n+33rd stator slots.
  • it also includes: a neutral point conductor
  • the neutral point conductor includes 1 neutral point conductor bending part, 2 neutral point conductor extension parts and 2 neutral point conductor outer ends, and the 2 neutral point conductor outer ends extend outward in reverse direction, And the bending angles are different, the middle span is g, and the end span is h.
  • the neutral point conductors are respectively located in the n+2, n+3, n+6, n+7, n+10 and n+11th stator slots.
  • it also includes: a neutral point copper bar;
  • the neutral point copper bar is an arc-shaped flat copper bar, which is arranged at the hairpin end or the welding end and is connected to one end of multiple neutral point conductors.
  • it also includes: three-phase lead-out conductors;
  • the three-phase lead-out conductor has a middle span of a and an end span of b, and is connected to the first conductor;
  • the three-phase lead-out conductors are respectively located in the n, n+1, n+4, n+5, n+8, and n+9th stator slots.
  • it also includes: a lead conductor
  • the two ends of the lead-out conductor have opposite bending directions and are connected to the first conductor;
  • the lead-out conductor is arranged on the outermost layer or the outermost adjacent layer of the stator slot.
  • the middle span a of the first conductor, the middle span c of the second conductor, the middle span e of the third conductor, and the middle span g of the neutral point conductor are all equal.
  • the embodiments of the present application at least have the following advantages: using a 2-way N-layer winding scheme, providing connections through 6 neutral point conductors, first conductors, 6 second conductors and 6 third conductors.
  • the row is a curved flat copper row with a simple structure and is easy to process and prepare.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a stator structure according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a stator core and insulating paper according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG 3 is a top view of the stator structure shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of a three-phase winding according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of a one-phase winding according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of a preferred winding according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of a first conductor according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of a second conductor according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of a third conductor according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of a neutral point conductor according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of a stator structure according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the windings of the stator structure shown in Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the winding expansion of the stator structure shown in Figure 11;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the one-phase winding expansion of the stator structure shown in Figure 11;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of preferred windings of the stator structure shown in Figure 11;
  • Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the first conductor
  • Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the lead wire
  • Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the second conductor
  • Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the third conductor.
  • the stator structure of a flat wire motor proposed in this application includes: a stator core 1, a first conductor 7, a second conductor 8 and a third conductor 9;
  • the inner wall of the stator core 1 is evenly provided with m stator slots 11 in the circumferential direction; m is a natural number ⁇ 48 and is an integer multiple of 12; for example, m is 48.
  • the first conductor 7 , the second conductor 8 and the third conductor 9 are arranged in the stator slot 11 , and a hairpin end 3 is formed at one end of the stator core 1 and a welding end 4 is formed at the other end.
  • the stator core 1 is made of a certain number of laminated silicon steel sheets, which can be riveted, welded or bonded in various ways. There are 48 edges on the stator core 1 in a circular array. Rectangular stator slots 11 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. As shown in Figure 2, in consideration of insulation, insulating paper 2 of a certain thickness is inserted into the rectangular stator slot 11.
  • the first conductor 7 includes a first conductor bending part 71 , two first conductor extension parts 72 and two first conductor outer end parts 73 , and the two first conductor outer end parts 73 are in opposite directions. Extending outwards with the same bending angle, the middle span is a and the end span is b.
  • the first conductor 7 is provided in each layer of conductors. Among them, b>a, for example, a is 6 and b is 12. a can also be a natural number such as 4, 5, 7, etc., and b can be a natural number such as 10, 11, 13, etc. The specific value can be determined according to the actual situation. As shown in FIG. 16 , the first conductor 7 is provided in the stator core 1 .
  • the second conductor 8 includes one second conductor bending part 81 , two second conductor extension parts 82 and two second conductor outer end parts 83 .
  • One second conductor outer end 83 extends outward
  • the other second conductor outer end 83 extends inward
  • the two second conductor outer ends 83 are bent in the same direction
  • the middle span is c
  • the end span is d, which is arranged on the outer layer of the stator slot 11 (see Figure 18).
  • d>c for example, c is 6 and d is 7.
  • c can also be a natural number such as 4, 5, 7, etc.
  • d can be a natural number such as 8, 9, etc. The specific value can be determined according to the actual situation.
  • the extension parts of the six second conductors 8 are located in the n+24th, n+28th, n+30th, n+32nd, n+34th and n+38th stator slots 11. Among them, 1 ⁇ n ⁇ m, and n is a natural number.
  • an extension of the second conductor 8 is located in the 25th, 29th, 31st, 33rd, 35th, and 39th stator slots 11 .
  • the conductors in the stator slots 11 are arranged in a cyclical manner. For example, when m is 48, and n is 24, that is, an extension of the second conductor 8 is located in the 48th stator slot 11, and the remaining five An extension part of the two conductors 8 is arranged in the 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th and 14th stator slots 11 in sequence.
  • the third conductor 9 includes one third conductor bending part 91 , two third conductor extension parts 92 and two third conductor outer end parts 93 .
  • One third conductor outer end 93 extends outward
  • the other third conductor outer end 93 extends inward
  • the two third conductor outer ends are bent in the same direction
  • the middle span is e
  • the end span is f , arranged on the inner layer of the stator slot 11 (see Figure 19).
  • f f>e.
  • e is 6 and f is 7.
  • e can also be a natural number such as 4, 5, 7, etc.
  • f can be a natural number such as 8, 9, etc.
  • the specific value can be determined according to the actual situation.
  • the two second conductor outer end portions 83 of the second conductor 8 and the two third conductor outer end portions 93 of the third conductor 9 are bent in opposite directions.
  • the end span d of the second conductor 8 is equal to the end span f of the third conductor 9 .
  • the extensions of the six third conductors 9 are located in the n+19th, n+23rd, n+25th, n+27th, n+29th and n+33rd stator slots 11.
  • six third conductors 9 have extensions located at the 20th, 24th, 26th, 28th, 30th and 34th stator slots 11 .
  • the stator structure of the flat wire motor also includes: neutral point conductor 10;
  • the neutral point conductor 10 includes one neutral point conductor bending part 101, two neutral point conductor extension parts 102, and two neutral point conductor outer end parts 103.
  • the two neutral point conductor outer end parts 103 It extends outward in the opposite direction and has different bending angles.
  • the middle span is g and the end span is h.
  • h>g for example, g is 6 and h is 10.
  • g can also be a natural number such as 4, 5, 7, etc.
  • h can be a natural number such as 11, 12, etc. The specific value can be determined according to the actual situation.
  • the middle span a of the first conductor 7 , the middle span c of the second conductor 8 , the middle span e of the third conductor 9 , and the middle span g of the neutral point conductor 10 are all equal.
  • the stator structure of the flat wire motor also includes: neutral point copper bar 5;
  • the neutral point copper bar 5 is an arc-shaped flat copper bar, which is arranged at the hairpin end 3 or the welding end 4, and is connected to one end of the six neutral point conductors 10 respectively.
  • the extension parts of the six neutral point conductors 10 are located at the third n+2, n+3, n+6, n+7, n+10 and n+11 stator slots 11.
  • an extension part of the neutral point conductor 10 is located in the 3rd, 4th, 7th, 8th, 11th, and 12th stator slots 11.
  • the stator structure of the flat wire motor also includes: three-phase lead conductor 6;
  • the three-phase lead-out conductor 6 has a middle span of a and an end span of b. Its structure is the same as that of the first conductor 7 and is connected to the first conductor 7;
  • An extended portion of the three-phase lead conductor 6 is located in the n, n+1, n+4, n+5, n+8, n+9th stator slot 11 respectively.
  • an extension part of the three-phase lead-out conductor 6 is located in the 1st, 2nd, 5th, 6th, 9th and 10th stator slots 11.
  • the three-phase lead wires are divided into U, V, and W three-phase lead wires; each three-phase lead wire is connected to a copper nose through a soft copper wire.
  • the three-phase winding of the stator structure is a 2-way parallel connection scheme, which is formed by stacking and winding the first conductor 7 through the wiring method shown in Figure 4, achieving a three-phase balanced winding connection without circulating current.
  • the two branches of the U-phase winding are the first branch A1 and the second branch A2, the input terminal is A+, and the output terminal is A-;
  • the two branches of the V-phase winding are the third branch B1 and the fourth branch Road B2, the input terminal is B+, and the output terminal is B-;
  • the two branches of the W-phase winding are the fifth branch C1 and the sixth branch C2, the input terminal is C+, and the output terminal is C-.
  • the expansion diagram of the U-phase winding has the input terminal of the first branch A1 as A1+ and the output terminal as A1-, and the input terminal of the second branch A2 as A2+ and the output terminal as A2-.
  • the incoming line is located on the 6th floor, and the neutral point appears on the 5th floor.
  • This application adopts 2-way N layer N ⁇ 6, and provides a three-phase resistance balanced and seamless connection through 6 neutral point conductors 10, first conductors 7, 6 second conductors 8 and 6 third conductors 9. Circulating flat wire winding connection scheme.
  • a flat wire motor stator core 1 is formed by laminating multiple silicon steel sheets, which includes a stator yoke, a stator tooth, and a stator tooth head. There are 48 stator slots surrounded by three parts of the stator core 1. In consideration of insulation, insulating paper 2 of a certain length and thickness is inserted into each slot.
  • Figure 1 shows the winding coil of the entire flat wire motor, which includes a straight-section conductor inserted into the stator slot 11 of the stator core 1.
  • the straight-section conductor at one end of the stator core 1 is connected by a U-shaped hairpin to form the hairpin end 3.
  • the straight segment conductor at the other end can be welded to form a welding end 4 by twisting and expanding;
  • the three-phase neutral connection point of the motor is also located at the outermost layer or the outermost adjacent layer in the stator slot 11 of the stator core 1 .
  • the electrical short circuit of 6 coil branches can be realized through a simple neutral point copper bar 5.
  • a third conductor 9 and a second conductor 8 are used, which are located at the innermost layer and the outermost layer in the stator slot 11 respectively.
  • FIG. 11 another embodiment of the present application provides a stator structure of a flat wire motor.
  • the difference from the stator structure in the previous embodiment is that it includes: a lead conductor 12 and does not include a neutral point. Copper bar 5 and three-phase lead wire conductor 6.
  • the two ends of the twelve lead-out conductors 12 are bent in opposite directions and are connected to the first conductor 7 .
  • the lead conductor 12 is provided at the outermost layer or the outermost adjacent layer of the stator slot 11 .
  • six long lead wire conductors 12 can be used as three-phase lead wires (or neutral points), and the other six short lead wire conductors 12 can be used as neutral points (or three-phase lead wires).
  • stator slot 11 As shown in Figure 12, in order to achieve electrical connection between the conductors in the 48 stator slots 11, it is necessary to use hairpins or welding.
  • the number of parallel branches of the stator winding of the 48 stator slots 11 is 2, and the conductors in the stator slot 11 connected to each branch can have multiple spans, such as equal span 6, span 5 , span 7 cycles, etc., which are regularly distributed according to the span in the circumferential direction of a stator.
  • each stator slot 11 has 2N layers of conductors (N is a natural number ⁇ 1), and it is declared that the layer close to the bottom of the stator slot 11 is the outer layer, and the layer close to the stator slot 11 is the outer layer. No. 11 is the inner layer.
  • the conductors in the corresponding stator slots 11 under each branch are cyclically installed in the stator slots 11 with regular spans according to adjacent layers. Until the end of one circle, the conductors are switched to the next pair of adjacent layers for cyclic installation arrangement.
  • the incoming and outgoing wires of the three-phase winding of the flat wire motor stator are arranged on the outermost layer of the stator slot 11 .
  • several third conductors 9 are used for electrical crossover, and these reversely twisted hairpin coils are located in the innermost layer of the stator slot 11 .
  • the entire winding welding end 4 needs to be expanded to the outer layer to a suitable size, so as to avoid interference between the motor rotor and the inner layer of the winding, and ultimately achieve a three-phase balanced winding connection without circulating current.
  • it is the winding connection method of one phase winding.
  • the incoming wire is located on the 6th layer and the neutral point appears on the 5th layer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种扁线电机的定子结构，包括：定子铁芯、第一导体、第二导体和第三导体；所述定子铁芯内壁周向均匀设置有m个定子槽；所述第一导体、第二导体和第三导体设置于定子槽内。本申请采用2路N层绕组方案，通过6根中性点导体、第一导体、6根第二导体和6根第三导体连接提供一种三相电阻均衡、且无环流的扁线绕组连接方案；三相引出线导体和中性点铜排在相邻的两层，且扭头后位置集中，简化端部结构。

Description

一种扁线电机的定子结构
相关申请
本申请要求于2022年7月4日申请的、申请号为202210787850.5的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请属于电机技术领域，特别涉及一种扁线电机的定子结构。
 背景技术
现有Hairpin扁线电机的定子结构由三相进线部分、第一导体部分、异形发卡部分、中性点部分连接组成电流回路，对于并联2路方案，普遍采用内层或外层进线方式，中性点及三相引出线由最内层进出线或最外层进出线。为了形成闭合回路，三相引出线与中性点位置间隔较长，占用出线端周向尺寸较多，要求更大的出线包络尺寸。另外，一些扁线电机定子结构中包括一些异性导体或铜排，不仅生产加工难度大，后期还会增加制备线圈绕组的工艺难度。因此，亟需提出一种新型的扁线电机的定子结构，解决至少一种上述问题。
 技术解决方案
针对上述问题，本申请公开了一种扁线电机的定子结构，包括：定子铁芯、第一导体、第二导体和第三导体；
所述定子铁芯内壁周向均匀设置有m个定子槽；
所述第一导体、第二导体和第三导体设置于定子槽内。
在一实施例中，所述第一导体包括1个第一导体弯折部、2个第一导体延伸部和2个第一导体外端部，2个第一导体外端部逆向向外延伸，且弯折角度相同，中间跨距为a，端部跨距为b。
在一实施例中，所述第二导体包括1个第二导体弯折部、2个第二导体延伸部和2个第二导体外端部，2个第二导体外端部中一个第二导体外端部向外延伸，另外一个第二导体外端部向内延伸，2个第二导体外端部同向弯折，中间跨距为c，端部跨距为d。
在一实施例中，所述第二导体位于第n+24、n+28、n+30、n+32、n+34和n+38个定子槽。
在一实施例中，所述第三导体包括1个第三导体弯折部、2个第三导体延伸部和2个第三导体外端部，2个第三导体外端部中一个第三导体外端部向外延伸，另外一个第三导体外端部向内延伸，2个第三导体外端部同向弯折，中间跨距为e，端部跨距为f。
在一实施例中，所述第二导体的2个第二导体外端部与所述第三导体的2个第三导体外端部的弯折方向相反。
在一实施例中，所述第二导体的端部跨距d与第三导体的端部跨距f相等。
在一实施例中，所述第三导体位于第n+19、n+23、n+25、n+27、n+29和n+33个定子槽。
在一实施例中，还包括：中性点导体；
所述中性点导体包括1个中性点导体弯折部、2个中性点导体延伸部和2个中性点导体外端部，2个中性点导体外端部逆向向外延伸，且弯折角度不同，中间跨距为g，端部跨距为h。
在一实施例中，所述中性点导体分别位于第n+2、n+3、n+6、n+7、n+10和n+11个定子槽。
在一实施例中，还包括：中性点铜排；
所述中性点铜排为弧形扁铜排，设置于发卡端或焊接端，与多个中性点导体一端连接。
在一实施例中，还包括：三相引出线导体；
所述三相引出线导体的中间跨距为a，端部跨距为b，与第一导体连接；
所述三相引出线导体分别位于第n、n+1、n+4、n+5、n+8、n+9个定子槽。
在一实施例中，还包括：引出线导体；
所述引出线导体两端的弯折方向相反，与第一导体连接；
所述引出线导体设置在定子槽的最外层或最外层相邻层。
在一实施例中，所述第一导体的中间跨距a、第二导体的中间跨距c、第三导体的中间跨距e、中性点导体的中间跨距g均相等。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本申请的实施例至少具有以下优点：采用2路N层绕组方案，通过6根中性点导体、第一导体、6根第二导体和6根第三导体连接提供一种三相电阻均衡、且无环流的扁线绕组连接方案；三相引出线导体和中性点铜排在相邻的两层，且扭头后位置集中，简化端部结构；中性点铜排为弧形扁铜排，结构简单，易于加工制备。
本申请的其他特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，并且，部分地从说明书中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本申请而了解。本申请的目的和其他优点可通过在说明书以及附图中所指出的结构来实现和获得。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1示出了根据本申请实施例的定子结构的示意图；
图2示出了根据本申请实施例的定子铁芯与绝缘纸的结构示意图；
图3为图1所示定子结构的俯视图；
图4示出了根据本申请实施例的三相绕组的示意图；
图5示出了根据本申请实施例的一相绕组的示意图；
图6示出了根据本申请实施例的优选绕组的示意图；
图7示出了根据本申请实施例的第一导体的示意图；
图8示出了根据本申请实施例的第二导体的示意图；
图9示出了根据本申请实施例的第三导体的示意图；
图10示出了根据本申请实施例的中性点导体的示意图；
图11示出了根据本申请另一实施例的定子结构的示意图；
图12为图11所示定子结构的绕组示意图；
图13为图11所示定子结构的绕组展开示意图；
图14为图11所示定子结构的一相绕组展开示意图；
图15为图11所示定子结构的优选绕组的示意图；
图16为第一导体的安装示意图；
图17为引出线的安装示意图；
图18为第二导体的安装示意图；
图19为第三导体的安装示意图。
附图标记：1、定子铁芯；2、绝缘纸；3、发卡端；4、焊接端；5、中性点铜排；6、三相引出线导体；7、第一导体；71、第一导体弯折部；72、第一导体延伸部；73、第一导体外端部；8、第二导体；81、第二导体弯折部；82、第二导体延伸部；83、第二导体外端部；9、第三导体；91、第三导体弯折部；92、第三导体延伸部；93、第三导体外端部；10、中性点导体；101、中性点导体弯折部；102、中性点导体延伸部；103、中性点导体外端部；11、定子槽；12、引出线导体。
 本发明的实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地说明，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
如图1所示，本申请提出的一种扁线电机的定子结构，包括：定子铁芯1、第一导体7、第二导体8和第三导体9；
所述定子铁芯1内壁周向均匀设置有m个定子槽11；m≥48的自然数且是12的整数倍；示例性的，m为48。
所述第一导体7、第二导体8和第三导体9设置于定子槽11内，并在定子铁芯1一端形成发卡端3，在另一端形成焊接端4。
在一些实施例中，定子铁芯1使用一定片数的硅钢片叠压而成，可以是铆扣、焊接或者粘接等多种方式，在定子铁芯1上按圆周阵列开有48个沿周向均匀分布的矩形定子槽11。如图2所示，考虑到绝缘，在矩形定子槽11中插入一定厚度的绝缘纸2。
如图7所示，第一导体7包括1个第一导体弯折部71、2个第一导体延伸部72和2个第一导体外端部73，2个第一导体外端部73逆向向外延伸，且弯折角度相同，中间跨距为a，端部跨距为b。第一导体7设置于每层导体中。其中，b＞a，示例性的，a为6，b为12。a还可以为4、5、7等自然数，b可以为10、11、13等自然数，具体数值可以根据实际情况确定。如图16所示，第一导体7的设置于定子铁芯1中。
如图8所示，第二导体8包括1个第二导体弯折部81、2个第二导体延伸部82和2个第二导体外端部83，2个第二导体外端部83中一个第二导体外端部83向外延伸，另外一个第二导体外端部83向内延伸，2个第二导体外端部83同向弯折，中间跨距为c，端部跨距为d，其设置于定子槽11的外层参见图18。其中，d＞c，示例性的，c为6，d为7。c还可以为4、5、7等自然数，d可以为8、9等自然数，具体数值可以根据实际情况确定。
6个第二导体8一延伸部位于第n+24、n+28、n+30、n+32、n+34和n+38个定子槽11。其中，1≤n≤m，且n是自然数。
在一些实施例中，当n为1，m为48时，第二导体8一延伸部位于第25、29、31、33、35、39个定子槽11内。需要说明的是，定子槽11内导体是循环往复排布的，如当m为48时，当n为24，即第二导体8的一延伸部位于第48个定子槽11，剩余5个第二导体8的一延伸部顺次设置于第4、6、8、10、14个定子槽11。
如图9所示，第三导体9包括1个第三导体弯折部91、2个第三导体延伸部92和2个第三导体外端部93，2个第三导体外端部93中一个第三导体外端部93向外延伸，另外一个第三导体外端部93向内延伸，2个第三导体外端部同向弯折，中间跨距为e，端部跨距为f，设置于定子槽11内层参见图19。其中，f＞e。示例性的，e为6，f为7。e还可以为4、5、7等自然数，f可以为8、9等自然数，具体数值可以根据实际情况确定。
第二导体8的2个第二导体外端部83与第三导体9的2个第三导体外端部93的弯折方向相反。第二导体8的端部跨距d与第三导体9的端部跨距f相等。
6个第三导体9一延伸部位于第n+19、n+23、n+25、n+27、n+29和n+33个定子槽11。示例性的，6个第三导体9一延伸部位于第20、24、26、28、30和34个定子槽11。
如图10所示，扁线电机的定子结构还包括：中性点导体10；
所述中性点导体10包括1个中性点导体弯折部101、2个中性点导体延伸部102和2个中性点导体外端部103，2个中性点导体外端部103逆向向外延伸，且弯折角度不同，中间跨距为g，端部跨距为h。其中，h＞g，示例性的，g为6，h为10。g还可以为4、5、7等自然数，h可以为11、12等自然数，具体数值可以根据实际情况确定。
第一导体7的中间跨距a、第二导体8的中间跨距c、第三导体9的中间跨距e、中性点导体10的中间跨距g均相等。
如图3所示，扁线电机的定子结构还包括：中性点铜排5；
所述中性点铜排5为弧形扁铜排，设置于发卡端3或焊接端4，分别与6个中性点导体10一端连接，上述6个中性点导体10一延伸部位于第n+2、n+3、n+6、n+7、n+10和n+11个定子槽11的。示例性的，中性点导体10一延伸部位于第3、4、7、8、11、12个定子槽11内。
扁线电机的定子结构还包括：三相引出线导体6；
所述三相引出线导体6的中间跨距为a，端部跨距为b，其结构与第一导体7结构相同，与第一导体7连接；
所述三相引出线导体6一延伸部分别位于第n、n+1、n+4、n+5、n+8、n+9个定子槽11。示例性的，三相引出线导体6一延伸部位于第1、2、5、6、9、10个定子槽11内。
三相引出线分为U、V、W三相引出线；每一三相引出线通过软铜线与铜鼻子连接。
如图4所示，定子结构的三相绕组为2路并联方案，由第一导体7通过如图4所示接线方式堆叠缠绕而成，实现三相均衡且无环流的绕组连接方式。U相绕组的2条支路为第一支路A1、第二支路A2，输入端为A+，输出端为A-；V相绕组的2条支路为第三支路B1、第四支路B2，输入端为B+，输出端为B-；W相绕组的2条支路为第五支路C1、第六支路C2，输入端为C+，输出端为C-。如图5所示，U相绕组的展开图第一支路A1的输入端为A1+，输出端为A1-，第二支路A2的输入端为A2+，输出端为A2-。如图6所示，优选地，进线位于第6层，中性点出现位于第5层。本申请的采用2路N层N≥6，通过6根中性点导体10、第一导体7、6根第二导体8和6根第三导体9连接提供一种三相电阻均衡、且无环流的扁线绕组连接方案。
在一些实施例中，如图2所示，是由多片硅钢片叠压而成的扁线电机定子铁芯1，其包含定子轭部、定子齿部及定子齿头部。由该定子铁芯1的三部分围成了48个定子槽，考虑到绝缘，在每个槽中插入了一定长度和厚度的绝缘纸2。
图1所示的为整个扁线电机的绕组线圈，其包含插入定子铁芯1定子槽11内的直线段导体，定子铁芯1一端的直线段导体靠U型发卡相连，形成发卡端3，另一端的直线段导体可以通过扭头外扩焊接的方式形成焊接端4；
电机的三相中性连接点也位于定子铁芯1的定子槽11内最外层或最外层相邻层。通过一个简易的中性点铜排5即可实现6条线圈支路的电气短接。
每相每条支路的换向连接中，采用第三导体9和第二导体8，其分别位于定子槽11内的最内层和最外层。
如图11所示，本申请的另一个实施例提供了一种扁线电机的定子结构，与上一实施例中定子结构的区别之处在于，包括：引出线导体12，不包括中性点铜排5和三相引出线导体6。
如图17所示，12根所述引出线导体12两端的弯折方向相反，与第一导体7连接。引出线导体12设置在定子槽11的最外层或最外层相邻层。其中，6根长的引出线导体12可以作为三相引出线（或中性点），则另外6根短的引出线导体12可以作为中性点（或三相引出线）。
如图12所示，为了实现48个定子槽11中导体间电气连接，需要使用发卡或焊接等方式。所述的48个定子槽11的定子绕组，其平行支路数为2，每条支路所连接的定子槽11内导体之间可以有多种跨距，譬如等跨距6、跨距5、跨距7循环等，其在一个定子圆周方向上按所述跨距规律分布。如图13所示，假设每定子槽11可插入2N根导体，则每定子槽11有2N层导体（N为≥1的自然数），且声明靠近定子槽11底的为外层，靠近定子槽11口的为内层。每条支路下所对应的定子槽11内导体按照相邻层循环的安装在所述跨距规律的定子槽11中，直至一个圆周结束切换到下一对相邻层进行循环安装布置。特别的，扁线电机定子三相绕组的进出线都布置在定子槽11的最外层。特别的，在每条支路的换向连接中，使用若干第三导体9进行电气跨接，这些扭头反向的发卡线圈位于定子槽11的最内层。为了实现上述绕组的布置安装，整个绕组焊接端4都需要往外层外扩到合适的尺寸，从而避免电机转子与绕组内层的干涉，最终实现三相均衡且无环流的绕组连接方式。如图14所示，是一相绕组的绕组连接方式。如图15所示，为本实施例绕组的优选方案，进线位于第6层，中性点出现位于第5层。
尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种扁线电机的定子结构，其中，包括：定子铁芯（1）、第一导体（7）、第二导体（8）和第三导体（9）；
    所述定子铁芯（1）内壁周向均匀设置有m个定子槽（11）；
    所述第一导体（7）、第二导体（8）和第三导体（9）设置于定子槽（11）内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的扁线电机的定子结构，其中，所述第一导体（7）包括1个第一导体弯折部（71）、2个第一导体延伸部（72）和2个第一导体外端部（73），2个第一导体外端部（73）逆向向外延伸，且弯折角度相同，中间跨距为a，端部跨距为b。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的扁线电机的定子结构，其中，所述第二导体（8）包括1个第二导体弯折部（81）、2个第二导体延伸部（82）和2个第二导体外端部（83），2个第二导体外端部（83）中一个第二导体外端部（83）向外延伸，另外一个第二导体外端部（83）向内延伸，2个第二导体外端部（83）同向弯折，中间跨距为c，端部跨距为d。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的扁线电机的定子结构，其中，所述第二导体（8）位于第n+24、n+28、n+30、n+32、n+34和n+38个定子槽（11）。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的扁线电机的定子结构，其中，所述第三导体（9）包括1个第三导体弯折部（91）、2个第三导体延伸部（92）和2个第三导体外端部（93），2个第三导体外端部（93）中一个第三导体外端部（93）向外延伸，另外一个第三导体外端部（93）向内延伸，2个第三导体外端部同向弯折，中间跨距为e，端部跨距为f。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的扁线电机的定子结构，其中，所述第二导体（8）的2个第二导体外端部（83）与所述第三导体（9）的2个第三导体外端部（93）的弯折方向相反。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的扁线电机的定子结构，其中，所述第二导体（8）的端部跨距d与第三导体（9）的端部跨距f相等。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的扁线电机的定子结构，其中，所述第三导体（9）位于第n+19、n+23、n+25、n+27、n+29和n+33个定子槽（11）。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的扁线电机的定子结构，其中，还包括：中性点导体（10）；
    所述中性点导体（10）包括1个中性点导体弯折部（101）、2个中性点导体延伸部（102）和2个中性点导体外端部（103），2个中性点导体外端部（103）逆向向外延伸，且弯折角度不同，中间跨距为g，端部跨距为h。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的扁线电机的定子结构，其中，所述中性点导体（10）分别位于第n+2、n+3、n+6、n+7、n+10和n+11个定子槽（11）。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的扁线电机的定子结构，其中，还包括：中性点铜排（5）；
    所述中性点铜排（5）为弧形扁铜排，设置于发卡端（3）或焊接端（4），与多个中性点导体（10）一端连接。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的扁线电机的定子结构，其中，还包括：三相引出线导体（6）；
    所述三相引出线导体（6）的中间跨距为a，端部跨距为b，与第一导体（7）连接；
    所述三相引出线导体（6）分别位于第n、n+1、n+4、n+5、n+8、n+9个定子槽（11）。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的扁线电机的定子结构，其中，还包括：引出线导体（12）；
    所述引出线导体（12）两端的弯折方向相反，与第一导体（7）连接；
    所述引出线导体（12）设置在定子槽（11）的最外层或最外层相邻层。
  14. 根据权利要求9所述的扁线电机的定子结构，其中，所述第一导体（7）的中间跨距a、第二导体（8）的中间跨距c、第三导体（9）的中间跨距e、中性点导体（10）的中间跨距g均相等。
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CN213906396U (zh) * 2020-11-30 2021-08-06 浙江龙芯电驱动科技有限公司 96槽定子组件和具有其结构的电机
CN113922552A (zh) * 2021-09-09 2022-01-11 智新科技股份有限公司 一种扁线发卡式定子结构及电机
CN114520560A (zh) * 2022-03-18 2022-05-20 厦门势拓御能科技有限公司 一种扁线绕组结构及定子组件、扁线电机

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