WO2024007790A1 - 驱动装置和血泵 - Google Patents

驱动装置和血泵 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024007790A1
WO2024007790A1 PCT/CN2023/098337 CN2023098337W WO2024007790A1 WO 2024007790 A1 WO2024007790 A1 WO 2024007790A1 CN 2023098337 W CN2023098337 W CN 2023098337W WO 2024007790 A1 WO2024007790 A1 WO 2024007790A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cavity wall
cavity
driving device
rotor
stator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/098337
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱绎澄
余顺周
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Core Medical Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shenzhen Core Medical Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen Core Medical Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen Core Medical Technology Co Ltd
Priority to JP2024573993A priority Critical patent/JP2025521309A/ja
Priority to EP23834564.9A priority patent/EP4552683A4/en
Priority to US18/873,246 priority patent/US20260007873A1/en
Publication of WO2024007790A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024007790A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
    • A61M60/122—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body
    • A61M60/126—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel
    • A61M60/135—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel inside a blood vessel, e.g. using grafting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
    • A61M60/122—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body
    • A61M60/126—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel
    • A61M60/13—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel by means of a catheter allowing explantation, e.g. catheter pumps temporarily introduced via the vascular system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
    • A61M60/122—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body
    • A61M60/126—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel
    • A61M60/135—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel inside a blood vessel, e.g. using grafting
    • A61M60/139—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel inside a blood vessel, e.g. using grafting inside the aorta, e.g. intra-aortic balloon pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/20—Type thereof
    • A61M60/205—Non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/216—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/20—Type thereof
    • A61M60/205—Non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/216—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller
    • A61M60/221—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller the blood flow through the rotating member having both radial and axial components, e.g. mixed flow pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/40—Details relating to driving
    • A61M60/403—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/422—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being electromagnetic, e.g. using canned motor pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/81—Pump housings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/818—Bearings
    • A61M60/824—Hydrodynamic or fluid film bearings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/827—Sealings between moving parts
    • A61M60/829—Sealings between moving parts having a purge fluid supply
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/855—Constructional details other than related to driving of implantable pumps or pumping devices
    • A61M60/857—Implantable blood tubes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2207/00—Methods of manufacture, assembly or production

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a driving device and a blood pump including the driving device.
  • An intravascular blood pump is a blood pumping device that is inserted into the patient's heart through the patient's blood vessels.
  • the intravascular blood pump is placed within the opening of the heart valve so that blood can flow through the blood pump and into the arteries.
  • the blood pump includes a driving device and an impeller.
  • the impeller is fixed on the rotating shaft of the driving device.
  • the rotating shaft rotates to drive the impeller to rotate.
  • the rotating shaft of the traditional blood pump is seriously worn during the use of the blood pump and is difficult to start, which affects the performance of the blood pump. use.
  • this application provides a driving device and a blood pump, which can reduce the wear of the rotating shaft and be easy to start.
  • An embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a driving device for driving an impeller to rotate.
  • the driving device includes:
  • the housing assembly is provided with an accommodating cavity, and the accommodating cavity has a first cavity wall and a second cavity wall that are opposite and spaced apart;
  • the rotating shaft used to connect with the impeller includes a connected straight shaft portion and a convex portion.
  • the convex portion protrudes in the circumferential direction of the straight shaft portion.
  • the convex portion is rotatably received in the rotary shaft.
  • the raised portion is located between the first cavity wall and the second cavity wall, the raised portion has a first surface and a second surface, and the first surface faces the a first cavity wall, the second surface faces the second cavity wall, the area of the first surface is greater than the area of the second surface, and the area of the first surface is less than or equal to the first cavity wall area;
  • the rotor is fixed to the straight shaft part
  • the stator can drive the rotor to rotate. There is an attractive force between the stator and the rotor, and the attractive force can cause the first surface to abut against the first cavity wall.
  • the embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a blood pump, including an impeller and a driving device.
  • the driving device includes:
  • the housing assembly is provided with an accommodating cavity, and the accommodating cavity has a first cavity wall and a second cavity wall that are opposite and spaced apart;
  • the rotating shaft includes a connected straight shaft part and a convex part.
  • the straight shaft part is fixedly connected to the impeller.
  • the convex part protrudes in the circumferential direction of the straight shaft part.
  • the convex part can rotate.
  • the raised portion is located between the first cavity wall and the second cavity wall, the raised portion has a first surface and a second surface, and the first The surface faces the first cavity wall, the second surface faces the second cavity wall, the area of the first surface is greater than the area of the second surface, and the area of the first surface is less than or equal to the The area of the first cavity wall;
  • the rotor is fixed to the straight shaft part;
  • the stator can drive the rotor to rotate. There is an attractive force between the stator and the rotor, and the attractive force can cause the first surface to abut against the first cavity wall.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the blood pump according to the first embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the blood pump shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is another partial cross-sectional view of the blood pump shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the blood pump shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the rotating shaft, first sleeve and second sleeve of the blood pump shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the stator in the blood pump shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic front structural view of the rotor of the blood pump shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the rotor shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is an exploded structural diagram of the rotor shown in Figure 7;
  • Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the blood pump according to the second embodiment.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • plurality means two or more than two, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.
  • a blood pump 1 provided by a first embodiment of the present invention includes a driving device 20, a sleeve 30, an impeller 40 and a catheter 50.
  • the sleeve 30 is connected to the distal end of the driving device 20, and the catheter 50 is connected to the distal end of the driving device 20.
  • the proximal end is connected, and the impeller 40 is rotatably disposed in the casing 30.
  • the impeller 40 is connected to the driving device 20, and the driving device 20 can drive the impeller 40 to rotate to realize the blood pumping function of the blood pump 1.
  • the sleeve 30 has a liquid inlet 31 and a liquid outlet 32 .
  • the liquid outlet 32 is closer to the driving device 20 than the liquid inlet 31 . That is, the liquid outlet 32 is located at the proximal end of the sleeve 30 , and the liquid inlet 31 is located at the distal end of the sleeve 30 .
  • the liquid outlet 32 is located on the wall of the casing 30 .
  • the impeller 40 is disposed close to the liquid outlet 32 .
  • the cannula 30 extends through a heart valve, such as the aortic valve, with the inlet port 31 located within the heart and the outlet port 32 and drive device 20 located outside the heart in a blood vessel such as the aorta. When the impeller 40 rotates, blood flows into the cannula 30 from the liquid inlet 31, and then flows out of the cannula 30 from the liquid outlet 32 to enter blood vessels such as the aorta.
  • the conduit 50 is connected with an end of the driving device 20 away from the sleeve 30 .
  • the conduit 50 is used to accommodate various supply lines.
  • the supply line may be, for example, a cleaning line used to introduce flushing liquid into the driving device 20 , or a wire for supplying power to the driving device 20 , or a support for supporting the conduit 50 . Parts etc.
  • the driving device 20 includes a housing assembly 100 , a rotating shaft 200 , a stator 300 and a rotor 400 .
  • the rotating shaft 200 is rotatably installed in the housing assembly 100.
  • a part of the rotating shaft 200 is housed in the housing assembly 100, and a part extends into the casing 30 to be fixedly connected to the impeller 40;
  • the stator 300 and the rotor 400 are both housed in the housing.
  • Assembly 100; the rotor 400 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 200; the stator 300 can drive the rotor 400 to rotate, wherein the rotor 400 can drive the rotating shaft 200 to rotate, and the impeller 40 can rotate with the rotating shaft 200 to realize the blood pumping function of the blood pump 1.
  • the proximal end and the distal end of the housing assembly 100 are fixedly connected to the catheter 50 and the cannula 30 respectively.
  • the wires in the conduit 50 extend into the housing assembly 100 and are electrically connected to the stator 300 to provide power to the stator 300 .
  • the housing assembly 100 includes a first sleeve 110 , a second sleeve 120 , a shaft tube 130 and a pump housing 140 .
  • the first bushing 110 and the second bushing 120 are fixedly received in the shaft tube 130 .
  • One end of the shaft tube 130 is fixedly connected to the pump housing 140 , and the other end is fixedly connected to the casing 30 .
  • One end of the pump housing 140 away from the shaft tube 130 is fixedly connected to the conduit 50 .
  • first shaft sleeve 110 , the second shaft sleeve 120 , the shaft tube 130 and the pump housing 140 are split before assembly, that is, the housing assembly 100 is a split first shaft sleeve 110 , the second shaft sleeve 110 , and the pump housing 140 .
  • the shaft sleeve 120, the shaft tube 130 and the pump housing 140 are assembled. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the first sleeve 110 , the second sleeve 120 , the shaft tube 130 and the pump housing 140 can also be an integrally formed structure.
  • the first sleeve 110 can be fixedly connected to the shaft tube 130 by adhesive bonding.
  • the first sleeve 110 includes a large plate 111 and a small plate 112.
  • the large plate 111 and the small plate 112 are coaxially arranged.
  • the outer diameter of the large plate 111 is larger than the outer diameter of the small plate 112.
  • the distance between the small plate 112 and the shaft tube 130 is The gap between them can form a glue injection space. After the glue solidifies in the glue injection space, the entire first sleeve 110 will be glued to the shaft tube 130 .
  • the second sleeve 120 can also be fixedly connected to the shaft tube 130 by adhesive bonding.
  • the accommodation cavity 150 has a first cavity wall 151, a second cavity wall 152 and a side cavity wall 153.
  • the side cavity wall 153 connects the first cavity wall 151 and the second cavity wall 152, so that the first cavity wall 151 and the second cavity wall 153 are connected to each other.
  • the wall 152 and the side cavity wall 153 jointly define the boundary of the accommodation cavity 150 .
  • the first cavity wall 151 is located on the first sleeve 110
  • the second cavity wall 152 is located on the second sleeve 120
  • the side cavity wall 153 is located on the shaft tube 130 .
  • the first cavity wall 151 and the second cavity wall 152 are opposite and spaced apart.
  • the first cavity wall 151 is disposed toward the impeller 40
  • the second cavity wall 152 is disposed away from the impeller 40 .
  • the first cavity wall 151 and the second cavity wall 152 are arranged perpendicularly to the axial direction of the shaft tube 130 , that is, the first cavity wall 151 and the second cavity wall 152 are parallel.
  • At least a portion of the surface of the first sleeve 110 facing the impeller 40 forms a first cavity wall 151 ; and at least a portion of a surface of the second sleeve 120 facing away from the impeller 40 forms a second cavity wall 152 .
  • the area of the first cavity wall 151 is greater than the area of the second cavity wall 152 .
  • the first cavity wall 151 is provided with a first through hole 113 , and the first through hole 113 is connected with the accommodation cavity 150 .
  • the first through hole 113 extends along the axial direction of the first sleeve 110 and penetrates the entire first sleeve 110 .
  • the first cavity wall 151 is substantially circular, and the first through hole 113 is located at the center of the first cavity wall 151 .
  • one end of the first guide groove 114 extends to the first through hole 113 and is connected with the first through hole 113, and the other end extends to the edge of the first cavity wall 151; in other embodiments, the The end of the first guide groove 114 away from the first through hole 113 does not extend to the edge of the first cavity wall 151 . At this time, the end of the first guide groove 114 away from the first through hole 113 is maintained with the edge of the first cavity wall 151 a certain spacing.
  • the second cavity wall 152 is provided with a second through hole 121 , and the second through hole 121 is connected with the accommodation cavity 150 .
  • the second through hole 121 extends along the axial direction of the second sleeve 120 and penetrates the entire second sleeve 120 .
  • the second cavity wall 152 is substantially circular, and the second through hole 121 is located at the center of the second cavity wall 152 .
  • the rotating shaft 200 is rotatably installed in the first through hole 113 , the second through hole 121 and the accommodation cavity 150 .
  • the rotating shaft 200 includes a connected straight shaft portion 210 and a protruding portion 220 .
  • first gap 161 between the straight axis portion 210 and the hole wall of the first through hole 113 .
  • the first gap 161 can be understood as the portion of the first through hole 113 that is not filled by the straight axis portion 210 .
  • the cleaning in the pump housing 140 can enter the accommodating cavity 150 through the first gap 161 .
  • second gap 162 between the straight axis portion 210 and the hole wall of the second through hole 121 .
  • the second gap 162 can be understood as the portion of the second through hole 121 that is not filled by the straight axis portion 210 .
  • the flushing in the accommodating cavity 150 Liquid can flow out of the housing assembly 100 through the second gap 162 .
  • the width of at least part of the second gap 162 is smaller than the width of the first gap 161 .
  • the end of the hole wall of the first through hole 113 close to the accommodation cavity 150 is provided with a chamfer. If the rotating shaft 200 shakes and contacts the hole wall of the first through hole 113, this design can reduce the number of holes between the straight shaft portion 210 and the first through hole 113.
  • the contact area between the walls, thereby reducing the friction of the straight shaft portion 210; the chamfer can also serve as an assembly guide, reducing interference and assembly resistance of the rotating shaft 200 during the assembly process, and improving the assembly efficiency of the rotating shaft 200.
  • the end of the hole wall of the second through hole 121 close to the accommodation cavity 150 is provided with a chamfer.
  • this design can reduce the number of holes between the straight shaft portion 210 and the second through hole 121.
  • the contact area between the walls, thereby reducing the friction of the straight shaft portion 210; the chamfer can also serve as an assembly guide, reducing interference and assembly resistance of the rotating shaft 200 during the assembly process, and improving the assembly efficiency of the rotating shaft 200.
  • the protruding portion 220 protrudes in the circumferential direction of the straight shaft portion 210 .
  • the protruding portion 220 is rotatably received in the accommodation cavity 150 .
  • the protruding portion 220 is located between the first cavity wall 151 and the second cavity wall 152 .
  • the first cavity wall 151 and the second cavity wall 152 can respectively contact the protruding portion 220 to limit the maximum amplitude of vibration of the rotating shaft 200 in the axial direction.
  • the cross-sectional size of the protruding portion 220 is larger than the aperture of the first through hole 113 and the aperture of the second through hole 121 , so that the protruding portion 220 is limited in the accommodating cavity 150 and the protruding portion 220 cannot enter the second through hole 113 .
  • the raised portion 220 is annular, and the raised portion 220 is fixedly sleeved on the straight shaft portion 20 .
  • the outer diameter of the raised portion 220 is larger than the diameter of the straight shaft portion 210 .
  • the raised portion 220 The axis coincides with the axis of the straight shaft portion 210; the outer diameter of the protruding portion 220 is larger than the diameter of the first through hole 113 and the diameter of the second through hole 121.
  • the raised portion 220 has a first surface 221 and a second surface 222 , and the first surface 221 and the second surface 222 are spaced apart along the axis of the straight shaft portion 210 .
  • the first surface 221 is disposed facing the first cavity wall 151
  • the second surface 222 is disposed facing the second cavity wall 152 .
  • the first cavity wall 151 can contact the first surface 221
  • the second cavity wall 152 can contact the second surface 222 to limit the maximum amplitude of vibration of the rotating shaft 200 in the axial direction.
  • first surface 221 and the second surface 222 are both perpendicular to the axis of the straight shaft portion 210 , and the first cavity wall 151 and the second cavity wall 152 are parallel to the first surface 221 and the second surface 222 respectively.
  • the outer contours of the first surface 221 and the second surface 222 are both circular.
  • the first surface 221 and the second surface 222 are both coaxially arranged with the axis of the straight shaft portion 210 , that is, the axis of the straight shaft portion 210 passes through the first surface. 221 and the center of the circle where the second surface 222 is located.
  • the area of the first surface 221 is greater than the area of the second surface 222 , and the area of the first surface 221 is less than or equal to the area of the first cavity wall 151 .
  • the area of the first surface 221 is smaller than the area of the first cavity wall 151 ; the area of the second surface 222 is smaller than the area of the second cavity wall 152 .
  • the area of the contact surface between the first cavity wall 151 and the first surface 221 is equal to the area of the first surface 221 ; when the second cavity wall 152 is in contact with the second surface 222 When in contact, the area of the contact surface between the second cavity wall 152 and the second surface 222 is equal to the area of the second surface 222 .
  • the rotor 400 is fixed to the straight shaft portion 210 , and there is an attractive force between the stator 300 and the rotor 400 . This attractive force can make the first surface 221 abut against the first cavity wall 151 .
  • the attractive force between the stator 300 and the rotor 400 causes the protrusion 220 to have a tendency to abut in the direction of the first cavity wall 151 , so that the first surface 221 can abut against the first cavity wall 151 .
  • the direction of the attraction force experienced by the rotor 400 is directed from the second cavity wall 152 to the first cavity wall 151 along the axis of the straight shaft portion 210 , so that the first surface 221 can abut against the first cavity wall 151 .
  • the larger first surface 221 can increase the contact area between the first surface 221 and the first cavity wall 151 , thereby reducing the distance between the first surface 221 and the first cavity wall 151 .
  • the pressure per unit area of the cavity wall 151 is to reduce the pressure per unit area, thereby reducing the wear of the first surface 221 and the protruding portion 220 .
  • the raised portion 220 also has a side peripheral surface 223 that connects the first surface 221 and the second surface 222 .
  • the side peripheral surface 223 is arranged around the axis of the straight shaft portion 210 , and the annular structure formed by the side peripheral surface 223 is coaxial with the straight shaft portion 210 .
  • the side cavity wall 153 and the side peripheral surface 223 are spaced apart, so that there is a third gap 163 between the side cavity wall 153 and the side peripheral surface 223.
  • the third gap 163 is connected with the first guide groove 114 and the second guide groove.
  • the third gap 163 can still pass through the first guide groove 114 and the first through hole 113 Communicated; when the second surface 222 of the protruding portion 220 abuts the second cavity wall 152 of the accommodation cavity 150, the third gap 163 can also communicate with the second through hole 121 through the second guide groove 122, thereby maintaining flushing The liquid can flow smoothly.
  • the portion of the first guide groove 114 exceeds the range of the orthographic projection of the first surface 221 of the protrusion 220 on the first cavity wall 151 to communicate with the third gap 163 .
  • the portion of the second guide groove 122 exceeds the range of the orthographic projection of the second surface 222 of the protrusion 220 on the second cavity wall 152 to communicate with the third gap 163 .
  • the flushing liquid passes through the first gap 161 , the third gap 163 , and the second gap 162 in sequence, and flows out from the liquid outlet 32 .
  • the flow direction of the flushing liquid is opposite to the flow direction of the blood in the cannula 30 , thus preventing the blood in the cannula 30 from entering the driving device 20 through the second through hole 121 .
  • the thin dotted arrow indicates the flow path of the flushing fluid
  • the thick dotted line indicates the flow path of the blood.
  • the first guide groove 114 not only serves to connect the first through hole 113 and the third gap 163 , but also allows the flushing liquid to flow better between the first surface 221 and the first cavity wall 221 , thereby affecting the protruding portion.
  • 220 plays a certain degree of suspension, reducing the resistance force between the first surface 221 and the first cavity wall 151 and reducing the wear of the protruding portion 220.
  • the flushing liquid flows into the first surface 221 and the first cavity wall 221. It can also act as a lubricant, which can reduce the friction coefficient between the first surface 221 and the first cavity wall 221 and reduce the wear of the protruding portion 220 and the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity 150 .
  • the number of first guide grooves 114 is multiple.
  • the flushing liquid can be filled between the first surface 221 and the first cavity wall 151 in a shorter time, thereby affecting the first surface 221 and the first cavity wall 151 .
  • the lubrication effect of the cavity wall 151 reduces the friction coefficient between the first surface 221 and the protruding portion 220 to reduce wear.
  • the flow rate and flow rate of the rinse liquid flowing between the first surface 221 and the first cavity wall 151 can be reasonably increased, which is beneficial to quickly taking away the heat generated by friction between the first cavity wall 151 and the protruding portion 220 , reduce the excessive wear caused by excessive temperature;
  • the floating force of the flushing liquid on the raised portion 220 can be increased, thereby reducing the resistance force between the first cavity wall 151 and the raised portion 220, so as to reduce the first Wear between cavity wall 151 and boss 220. Therefore, the wear of the first cavity wall 151 and the protruding portion 220 can be reduced by reasonably increasing the number of the first guide grooves 114 .
  • the wear of the second surface 222 and the protruding portion 220 can be reduced by reasonably increasing the number of the second guide grooves 122 .
  • the number of the first guide grooves 114 is four.
  • the included angle between the extending directions of two adjacent first guide grooves 114 is 90°. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the numbers of the first guide grooves 114 and the second guide grooves 122 can be adjusted as needed.
  • the side peripheral surface 223 includes a cylindrical surface 2231 and a tapered surface 2232.
  • the cylindrical surface 2231 and the tapered surface 2232 are arranged along the axis of the straight shaft portion 210.
  • the cylindrical surface 2231 is connected to the first surface 221 and is perpendicular to the first surface.
  • the surface 221 is provided with one end of the tapered portion 2232 connected to the cylindrical portion 2231 and the other end of the tapered portion 2232 connected to the second surface 222 , that is, the tapered portion 2232 is connected between the cylindrical portion 2231 and the second surface 222 .
  • the distance from the cylindrical face portion 2231 to the axis of the straight shaft portion 210 remains constant, and the distance from the tapered face portion 2232 to the axis of the straight shaft portion 210 remains constant. slowing shrieking.
  • Providing the tapered surface 2232 on the side peripheral surface 223 of the protruding part 220 can have a better diversion effect on the flushing liquid; at the same time, since the area of the second surface 222 is smaller than the area of the second cavity wall 152, the flushing liquid flows It flows through the third gap 163 and in the direction of the second perforation 121 to improve the flushing effect of the flushing liquid.
  • the cylindrical surface portion 2231 has a certain length along the axial direction of the straight shaft portion 210, To avoid the entire side peripheral surface 223 being tapered, the end of the protruding portion 220 close to the first surface 221 is not at an acute angle. Generally speaking, it is to avoid the side peripheral surface 223 and the first surface 221 from forming a sharp angle, which will cause the protruding portion 220 to form a sharp angle. In the case of radial shaking, if the edge comes into contact with the side cavity wall 153 to form a line-surface contact, it will cause a greater risk of scratching and damage to the side cavity wall 153, and there will not be a wide enough area for the flushing liquid to bulge.
  • a lubricating film layer is formed between the portion 220 and the side cavity wall 153, and the provision of the above-mentioned cylindrical surface portion 2231 can play a transitional role to ensure that the side peripheral surface 223 and the side cavity wall 153 of the accommodating cavity 150 form a face-to-face relationship. way to reduce the risk of friction damage.
  • the shape of the side cavity wall 153 of the accommodation cavity 150 is adapted to the shape of the side peripheral surface 223 , and has a structure similar to the cylindrical portion 2231 of the side peripheral surface 223 and the straight portion 1531 and the inclined portion 1532 of the tapered portion 2232 .
  • the distance between the first cavity wall 151 and the second cavity wall 152 is marked as the first distance H
  • the distance between the first surface 221 and the second surface 222 is marked as the first distance H.
  • the first distance H is greater than the second distance h.
  • the first distance H is slightly larger than the second distance h, so that the first cavity wall 151 always keeps in contact with the first surface 221, and the second cavity wall 152 always keeps in contact with the second surface 222, so that the rotation axis can be avoided.
  • 200 moves in the axial direction of the straight shaft portion 210 .
  • the first spacing H is greater than the second spacing h, such that when the first surface 221 abuts the first cavity wall 151 , there is a distance between the second surface 222 and the second cavity wall 152 .
  • between the cavity walls 151 and between the second surface 222 and the second cavity wall 152 to lubricate and suspend the protruding portion 220 to avoid dry friction between the protruding portion 220 and the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity 150 .
  • the difference between the first distance H and the second distance h should not be too large to avoid excessive vibration amplitude of the rotating shaft 200 in the axial direction.
  • the width of the gap between the side cavity wall 153 and the tapered surface 2232 of the side peripheral surface 223 is greater than the difference between the first distance H and the second distance h, that is, the width of the third gap 163 at the position corresponding to the tapered surface 2232
  • the width is greater than the difference between the first distance H and the second distance h, thereby preventing the side cavity wall 153 and the side circumference of the boss 220 from lowering when the boss 220 shakes in the radial and/or axial direction.
  • the contact probability between the surfaces 223 reduces the friction between the protruding portion 220 and the cavity wall of the accommodation cavity 150 .
  • At least one of the first cavity wall 151 and the first surface 221 is made of ceramic; and at least one of the second cavity wall 152 and the second surface 222 is made of ceramic.
  • the processing precision of ceramics is high, and the biocompatibility of ceramics is high. It also has high mechanical strength, good wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Moreover, ceramics can have smaller roughness, which can reduce friction when the first surface 221 contacts the first cavity wall 151 and reduces friction when the second surface 222 contacts the second cavity wall 152 .
  • the material of the first sleeve 110 and the second sleeve 120 is ceramic
  • the material of the protruding portion 220 is ceramic, that is, the first cavity wall 151, the first surface 221, the second cavity wall 152 and the second surface.
  • the materials of 222 are all ceramic.
  • the outer peripheral surface of one end of the housing assembly 100 close to the impeller 40 forms a liquid-conducting surface 160 .
  • the liquid-conducting surface 160 is located in the casing 30 and corresponds to the position of the liquid outlet 32 .
  • the proximal end of the surface portion 160 corresponds to the position of the proximal hole wall of the liquid outlet 32 ; the distance from the liquid-conducting surface portion 160 to the axis of the straight shaft portion 210 gradually increases toward the direction away from the impeller 40 .
  • the liquid-conducting surface 160 is located at one end of the shaft tube 130 away from the pump housing 140 .
  • the design of the liquid-conducting surface 160 is beneficial to the discharge of liquid in the sleeve 30 .
  • the impeller 40 and the driving device 20 are rigid parts of the blood pump 1.
  • a liquid guide surface is provided on the housing assembly 100 of the driving device 20.
  • the portion 160 can shorten the axial length of the impeller 40 while ensuring the hydraulic performance at the liquid outlet 32.
  • the liquid-conducting portion 160 is provided in the casing 30 as a part of the housing assembly 100 of the driving device 20, it can Reducing the overall length of the impeller 40 and the driving device 20 (ie, the rigid part of the blood pump 1) can make the delivery of the blood pump 1 more convenient.
  • the liquid-guiding surface portion 160 is generally arc-shaped.
  • the height L1 of the liquid conducting portion 160 is 20%-40% of the height L2 of the liquid outlet 32 . This height design can shorten the total length of the impeller 40 and the driving device 20 while allowing the blood pump 1 to have better hydraulic performance.
  • the stator 300 is fixedly received in the pump housing 140 .
  • the stator 300 includes a magnetic core 310, a back plate 320 and a coil 330.
  • the back plate 320 is fixedly connected to the pump shell 140.
  • the number of the magnetic cores 310 is multiple.
  • the multiple magnetic cores 310 Arranged at intervals along a circumference, the extension direction of each magnetic core 310 is consistent with the extension direction of the straight shaft portion 210 , that is, the central axis of the magnetic core 310 and the axis of the straight shaft portion 210 are parallel to each other, and one end of each magnetic core 310 is parallel to
  • the back plate 320 is fixedly connected.
  • the number of coils 330 is equal to the number of magnetic cores 310, and the two form a one-to-one correspondence.
  • the coils 330 are wound around the magnetic cores 310, so that each magnetic core 310 is wound with one coil 330.
  • the magnetic core 310 includes a magnetic column 311 and a head (ie, a pole piece) disposed at one end of the magnetic column 311 , the cross-sectional size of the head is larger than the cross-sectional size of the magnetic column 311 , and the extension of the magnetic column 311 The direction is consistent with the extending direction of the straight axis portion 210 .
  • the back plate 320 is connected to an end of the magnetic column 311 away from the head.
  • the magnetic column 311 in the extending direction of the magnetic column 311, the magnetic column 311 is generally in the shape of a columnar body with uniform size, that is, the cross-sectional size of the magnetic column 311 remains constant.
  • the magnetic column 311 is uniform in thickness.
  • the coil 330 is wound around the magnetic column 311 of the magnetic core 310 .
  • the magnetic core 310 only includes magnetic columns 311 , that is, the magnetic core 310 does not have a relatively wide head (ie, a pole piece).
  • the magnetic columns 311 of the stator 300 are the magnetic core 310 .
  • the entire magnetic core 310 can be magnetically coupled with the rotor 400.
  • the magnetic core 310 with only the magnetic columns 311 can reduce the magnetic loss and increase the friction between the magnetic core 310 and the rotor 400.
  • the magnetic coupling density between them can increase the torque of the stator 300 to the rotor 400 under the same current.
  • the magnetic core 310 without a head can also greatly reduce the problem of power reduction of the driving device 20 caused by local magnetic short circuits caused by contact between adjacent magnetic cores 310 .
  • the magnetic core 310 is not limited to the above two methods.
  • some magnetic columns 311 are provided with heads, while other parts of the magnetic columns 311 are not provided with heads.
  • the cross-section shape of the magnetic pillars 311 is generally a triangular prism shape, and one edge of each magnetic pillar 311 faces the axis of the straight shaft portion 210 .
  • the edges of the magnetic column 311 are rounded, that is, the edges of the magnetic column 311 are relatively smooth and blunt rounded edges, so as to eliminate the sharp edges and corners on the magnetic column 311, which not only can This facilitates subsequent winding of the coil 330 and also helps protect the insulating material covering the coil 330 .
  • the cross-sectional shape of the magnetic column 311 may also be sector-shaped, circular, trapezoidal, sector-ring-shaped, etc.
  • the back plate 320 has a generally flat structure.
  • the back plate 320 is made of the same material as the magnetic core 310, such as cobalt steel and other soft magnetic materials. Taking the rotor 400 driven by the stator 300 as a reference, the back plate 320 is fixed on the end of the magnetic column 311 away from the rotor 400.
  • the back plate 320 can close the magnetic circuit of the stator 300 to promote and increase the generation of magnetic flux in the stator 300. , improve the coupling capacity between the stator 300 and the rotor 400.
  • providing the back plate 320 in the stator 300 can promote and increase the generation of magnetic flux in the stator 300 and improve the coupling capacity between the stator 300 and the rotor 400 . Since the back plates 320 can increase the magnetic flux, separately arranging the back plates 320 in the stator 300 is also beneficial to reducing the overall diameter of the driving device 20 . It is understood that in some embodiments, the back plate 320 may be omitted.
  • the rotor 400 and the stator 300 are spaced apart along the axis of the straight shaft portion 210 .
  • the rotor 400 is located between the raised portion 220 and the stator 300 .
  • the first cavity wall 151 of the accommodation cavity 150 is located between the rotor 400 and the first surface 221 of the boss 220 .
  • the rotor 400 is magnetic, and the stator 300 can generate a rotating magnetic field that drives the rotor 400 to rotate. There is an attractive force between the rotor 400 and the magnetic core 310 .
  • the rotor 400 includes a magnet 410 that is fixed to the straight shaft portion 210 of the rotating shaft 200 .
  • the magnetic core 310 of the stator 300 has an attractive force on the magnet 410 of the rotor 400.
  • the direction of the attractive force is from the second surface 222 to the first surface 221 along the axis of the rotation shaft 200, thereby enabling the first surface 221 to move toward the first cavity wall 151 direction against.
  • the magnet 410 is a ring-shaped Halbach array magnet.
  • the magnets 410 each include a plurality of magnetic units 411 that are magnetized along the axial direction of the magnet 410.
  • the number of the magnetic units 411 is four, six, eight, or ten, etc., and each magnetic unit 411 is in the shape of a fan ring.
  • a plurality of magnetic units 411 are arranged around the straight axis portion 210 so that the magnet 410 forms an annular structure.
  • the rotor 400 also includes a flywheel 420.
  • the flywheel 420 is directly fixed on the straight shaft portion 210, and the magnet 410 is fixed on the flywheel 420.
  • the connection strength between the magnet 410 and the straight shaft portion 210 can be enhanced; in addition, the shaking of the rotating shaft 200 during rotation can be reduced, making the entire rotating shaft 200 more stable during the rotation.
  • the flywheel 420 includes an inner tube 421 , a disc-shaped portion 422 and an outer ring wall 423 .
  • Both the built-in tube 421 and the outer annular wall 423 have a circular tube structure, and the disc-shaped portion 422 has an annular disc structure.
  • the built-in tube 421 and the outer ring wall 423 are both fixedly connected to the disc-shaped portion 422 .
  • the outer ring wall 423 is arranged around the disc-shaped part 422, the built-in tube 421 and the outer ring wall 423 are arranged coaxially, and the straight axis part 210 It is inserted into the built-in tube 421 and fixedly connected with the built-in tube 421 .
  • An installation cavity 424 is formed between the built-in tube 421 and the outer ring wall 423, and the installation cavities 424 are all annular cavities.
  • the magnets 410 are respectively received in the mounting cavities 424.
  • the shape of the installation cavity 424 is adapted to the magnet 410 to facilitate the installation and positioning of the magnet 410.
  • Such an arrangement enables the flywheel 420 to limit the position of the magnet 410, which not only facilitates the installation of the magnet 410, but also makes the combination of the magnet 410 and the flywheel 420 more stable.
  • the flywheel 420 is not limited to the above structure. In some embodiments, the flywheel 420 does not have an outer ring wall 423; in some embodiments, the flywheel 420 does not have an outer ring wall 423 and a built-in tube 421. In this case, The straight shaft portion 210 is fixedly inserted through the center of the disc-shaped portion 422 . Compared with the flywheel 420 having only the disc-shaped portion 422, providing the built-in tube 421 can connect the flywheel 420 and the straight shaft portion 210 more stably.
  • the flywheel 420 is also provided with an identification portion 4211 for determining the installation position of the magnetic unit 411.
  • the marking part 4211 may be set as a groove, a scale mark, a mark, or the like.
  • the marking portion 4211 is provided on at least one of the built-in tube 421 , the disc-shaped portion 422 and the outer ring wall 423 .
  • the marking portion 4211 is provided on the end surface of the built-in tube 421 .
  • the rotating shaft 200 is spaced apart from the stator 300 along the axis of the straight shaft portion 210 , that is, the straight shaft portion 210 is not penetrated in the stator 300 , so that the rotating shaft 200 is located outside the stator 300 . Due to the increase in the cross-sectional area of the magnetic column 311, the larger the cross-sectional area of the magnetic column 311, the greater the magnetic flux generated, the greater the torque of the stator 300 on the rotor 400, and the smaller the required current, which is beneficial to reducing power consumption. , reduce fever.
  • the rotating shaft 200 can be prevented from occupying the installation space of the magnetic column 311 , which is conducive to increasing the diameter of the magnetic column 311 of the stator 300 while keeping the outer diameter of the housing assembly 100 unchanged.
  • the cross-sectional size is used to increase the driving torque of the stator 300 to the rotor 400.
  • this method can reduce the current supply to the stator 300, thereby reducing power consumption and also reducing the heat generation of the driving device 20. , to prevent the blood pump 10 from causing discomfort or even harm to the human body due to excessive temperature due to heat accumulation during the working process.
  • the above-mentioned driving device 20 and blood pump 1 have at least the following advantages:
  • the attraction force will cause the first surface 221 to abut the first cavity wall 151 of the accommodation cavity 150 , so that the first cavity wall 151 will Under the pressure of the first surface 221, by making the area of the first surface 221 larger than the area of the second surface 222, that is, increasing the area of the first surface 221, so that the area of the first surface 221 is less than or equal to the area of the first cavity wall 151.
  • the contact area between the first surface 221 and the first cavity wall 151 is equal to the area of the first surface 221, and the larger area of the first surface 221 can be
  • the contact area between the first surface 221 and the first cavity wall 151 is increased, and the pressure per unit area of the first surface 221 and the first cavity wall 151 is reduced, that is, the unit area is reduced.
  • the pressure on the first surface 221 and the first cavity wall 151 is reduced, thereby reducing the wear of the first surface 221 and the first cavity wall 151; at the same time, due to the attraction force, the first surface 221 will abut against the first cavity wall 151 of the accommodation cavity 150, so that the second surface 222 There will be a tendency to move away from the second cavity wall 152 so that there is no contact between the second surface 222 and the second cavity wall 152, or to reduce the friction between the second surface 222 and the second cavity wall 152 when they are in contact.
  • the frictional resistance of the second cavity wall 152 to the protruding portion 220 can be reduced, thereby increasing the starting speed of the rotation of the rotating shaft 200, that is, increasing the sensitivity of the rotating shaft 200 to the driving response. Therefore, the above The blood pump 1 and the driving device 20 can not only reduce the degree of wear of the rotating shaft 200 during use, but also can be started faster.
  • the flushing liquid can quickly flow into the space between the first surface 221 and the first cavity wall 151 .
  • the portion of the first surface 221 of the raised portion 220 is outside the range of the orthographic projection of the first cavity wall 151 , so that even when the first surface 221 of the raised portion 220 is in contact with the first cavity wall 151 of the accommodating cavity 150 When abutting, the accommodating cavity 150 can also be connected to the first through hole 113 through the first guide groove 114 to ensure smooth flow of the flushing liquid.
  • the blood pump 2 of the second embodiment has substantially the same structure as the blood pump 1 of the first embodiment.
  • the rotor 400' has two rotor units
  • the stator 300' has two rotor units.
  • the two stator units are respectively denoted as the first stator unit 301 and the second stator unit 302
  • the two rotor units are denoted as the first rotor unit 401 and the second rotor unit 402 respectively.
  • the first rotor unit 401, the first stator unit 301, the second rotor unit 402 and the second stator unit 302 are arranged in sequence along the axis of the straight shaft portion 210', and the first rotor unit 401 is located closest to the protruding portion 220' .
  • the first rotor unit 401 and the second rotor unit 402 are both fixedly connected to the straight shaft portion 200' of the rotating shaft 200'. There is an attractive force between the first stator unit 301 and the first rotor unit 401 , and there is an attractive force between the second stator unit 302 and the second rotor unit 402 .
  • the attractive force exerted by the first rotor unit 401 on the first stator unit 301 is denoted as the first attractive force
  • the attractive force exerted by the second rotor unit 402 on the second stator unit 302 is denoted as the second attractive force.
  • the sum of the first attractive force and The direction of the second attractive force is the same, and acts on the rotating shaft 200' through the first rotor unit 401 and the second rotor unit 402 respectively. Therefore, under the combined force formed by the first attractive force and the second attractive force, The first surface 221' of the protruding portion 220' can abut against the first cavity wall 151'.
  • the straight shaft portion 210' of the rotating shaft 200' is rotatably installed in the first stator unit 301 and is spaced apart from the second stator unit 301. That is, the straight axis portion 210' is not disposed in the second stator unit 302, so that the straight axis portion 210' is located outside the second stator unit 302, and then the rotating shaft 200' and the second stator unit 302 are aligned along the straight axis portion 210'. axially spaced at a certain distance.
  • Both the first stator unit 301 and the second stator unit 302 have magnetic columns 311', and the cross-sectional size of the magnetic columns 311' of the second stator unit 302 is larger than the cross-sectional size of the magnetic columns 311' of the first stator unit 301. Since the rotating shaft 200' does not pass through the second stator unit 302, that is, the rotating shaft 200' is located outside the second stator unit 302, it can prevent the rotating shaft 200' from occupying the installation space of the magnetic column 311' in the second stator unit 302. , the cross-sectional size of the magnetic column 311' of the second stator unit 302 can be increased without increasing the outer diameter of the pump housing 140' and the second stator unit 302.
  • the driving torque of the second stator unit 302 to the second rotor unit 402 can be increased.
  • this method can reasonably reduce the current supply to the second stator unit 302, thereby reducing power consumption.
  • It also reduces the heat generated by the driving device and prevents the blood pump from causing discomfort or even harm to the human body due to excessive temperature due to heat accumulation during the working process.
  • the structures of the first rotor unit 401 and the second rotor unit 402 may be similar to the structure of the rotor 400 of the blood pump 1 of the first embodiment; the structures of the first stator unit 301 and the second stator unit 302 The structure may be similar to the stator 300 of the blood pump 1 and will not be described again here.
  • the back plate 320' of the first stator unit 301 is located at an end of the magnetic column 311' of the first stator unit 301 away from the first rotor unit 401, and the back plate 320' of the second stator unit 302 is located at the second stator unit.
  • the magnetic column 311' of 302 is away from one end of the second rotor unit 402.
  • the structure of the blood pump 2 of the second embodiment is similar to the structure of the blood pump 1 of the first embodiment. Therefore, the blood pump 2 of the second embodiment also has the advantages of the blood pump 1 of the first embodiment.
  • the structure of the blood pump driving device is not limited to the structure of the first embodiment and the second embodiment.
  • the number of stator units can be adjusted as needed, and the positional relationship between the rotor unit and the stator unit can also be adjusted. Adjustments can be made.

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Abstract

一种血泵(1)和驱动装置(20)，驱动装置(20)包括壳体组件(100)、转轴(200)、转子(400)和定子(300)，壳体组件(100)的容置腔(150)具有第一腔壁(151)和第二腔壁(152)；转轴(200)的凸起部(220)具有第一表面(221)和第二表面(222)，第一表面(221)面向第一腔壁(151)，第二表面(222)面向第二腔壁(152)，第一表面(221)的面积大于第二表面(222)的面积，第一表面(221)的面积小于或等于第一腔壁(151)的面积；定子(300)与转子(400)之间具有吸引力，吸引力能够使第一表面(221)向第一腔壁(151)抵靠。

Description

驱动装置和血泵
本申请要求于2022年07月08日在中国专利局提交的、申请号为202210800097.9的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及医疗器械技术领域，特别是涉及一种驱动装置和包含该驱动装置的血泵。
背景技术
血管内血泵是一种可经由患者血管探入患者心脏的泵血装置，血管内血泵置于心脏瓣膜的开口内，以便血液能够流经血泵并进入至动脉血管内。血泵包括驱动装置和叶轮，叶轮固定在驱动装置的转轴上，通过转轴转动以带动叶轮转动，然而，传统血泵的转轴在血泵使用过程中磨损较为严重，且不易启动，影响血泵的使用。
发明内容
基于此，本申请提供了一种驱动装置和血泵，可以减少转轴的磨损且容易启动。
本申请第一方面的实施例提供了一种驱动装置，用于驱动叶轮转动，所述驱动装置包括：
壳体组件，开设有容置腔，所述容置腔具有相对且间隔设置的第一腔壁和第二腔壁；
用于与所述叶轮连接的转轴，包括连接的直轴部和凸起部，所述凸起部在所述直轴部的周向上凸出设置，所述凸起部能够转动地收容于所述容置腔中，所述凸起部位于所述第一腔壁和所述第二腔壁之间，所述凸起部具有第一表面和第二表面，所述第一表面面向所述第一腔壁，所述第二表面面向所述第二腔壁，所述第一表面的面积大于所述第二表面的面积，所述第一表面的面积小于或等于所述第一腔壁的面积；
转子，固接于所述直轴部；及
定子，能够驱动所述转子转动，所述定子与所述转子之间具有吸引力，所述吸引力能够使所述第一表面向所述第一腔壁抵靠。
本申请第二方面的实施例提供了一种血泵，包括叶轮和驱动装置，所述驱动装置包括：
壳体组件，开设有容置腔，所述容置腔具有相对且间隔设置的第一腔壁和第二腔壁；
转轴，包括连接的直轴部和凸起部，所述直轴部与所述叶轮固接，所述凸起部在所述直轴部的周向上凸出设置，所述凸起部能够转动地收容于所述容置腔中，所述凸起部位于所述第一腔壁和所述第二腔壁之间，所述凸起部具有第一表面和第二表面，所述第一表面面向所述第一腔壁，所述第二表面面向所述第二腔壁，所述第一表面的面积大于所述第二表面的面积，所述第一表面的面积小于或等于所述第一腔壁的面积；
转子，固接于所述直轴部；及，
定子，能够驱动所述转子转动，所述定子与所述转子之间具有吸引力，所述吸引力能够使所述第一表面向所述第一腔壁抵靠。
本发明的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施 例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为第一实施方式的血泵的立体结构示意图；
图2为图1所示的血泵的局部剖视图；
图3为图1所示的血泵的另一局部剖视图；
图4为图1所示的血泵的分解结构示意图；
图5为图2所示的血泵的转轴、第一轴套和第二轴套的分解结构示意图；
图6为图2所示的血泵中定子的立体结构示意图；
图7为图2所示血泵的转子的正视结构示意图；
图8为图7所示的转子的剖视结构示意图；
图9为图7所示的转子的分解结构示意图；
图10为第二实施方式的血泵的剖视图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图即实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者间接在该另一个元件上。当一个元件被称为是“连接于”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或间接连接至该另一个元件上。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
为了说明本申请的技术方案，下面结合具体附图及实施例来进行说明。
在本文中，定义“近端”为靠近操作者或医生的一端，定义“远端”为远离操作者或者医生的一端。
参阅图1，本发明第一实施例提供的血泵1，包括驱动装置20、套管30、叶轮40和导管50，套管30与驱动装置20的远端连接，导管50与驱动装置20的近端连接，叶轮40能够转动地设置在套管30内，叶轮40与驱动装置20连接，驱动装置20能够驱动叶轮40转动，以实现血泵1的泵血功能。
具体地，套管30具有入液口31和出液口32。其中，出液口32较入液口31更靠近驱动装置20。即出液口32位于套管30的近端，入液口31位于套管30的远端。出液口32位于套管30的管壁上。叶轮40靠近出液口32设置。在其中一个实施例中，套管30延伸穿过心脏瓣膜，诸如主动脉瓣膜，而入液口31位于心脏内，出液口32和驱动装置20位于心脏外的诸如主动脉的血管中。当叶轮40旋转时，血液从入液口31流入套管30中，再从出液口32流出套管30以进入至主动脉等血管中。
导管50与驱动装置20的远离套管30的一端对接。导管50用于容置各种供应管线，供应管线例如可以为用于给驱动装置20内通入冲洗液的清洗管线，又例如给驱动装置20供电的导线，再例如用于支撑导管50的支撑部件等。
请一并结合图2～图4，驱动装置20包括壳体组件100、转轴200、定子300和转子400。其中，转轴200能够转动地安装于壳体组件100，转轴200的一部分收容于壳体组件100中，一部分延伸至套管30中而与叶轮40固接；定子300和转子400均收容于壳体组件100；转子400与转轴200固接；定子300能够驱动转子400转动，其中，转子400能够带动转轴200转动，叶轮40能够随转轴200转动以实现血泵1的泵血功能。
壳体组件100的近端和远端分别与导管50和套管30固接。导管50中的导线延伸至壳体组件100内而与定子300电连接以给定子300供电。具体地，壳体组件100包括第一轴套110、第二轴套120、轴管130和泵壳140。第一轴套110和第二轴套120固定地收容于轴管130内。轴管130的一端与泵壳140固接，另一端与套管30固接。泵壳140的远离轴管130的一端与导管50固接。转轴200的远离叶轮40的一端收容于泵壳140。转子400和定子300收容在泵壳140内。在其中一个实施例中，第一轴套110、第二轴套120、轴管130和泵壳140在装配之前为分体式，即壳体组件100为分体式的第一轴套110、第二轴套120、轴管130和泵壳140组装而成。可以理解，在其他实施例中，第一轴套110、第二轴套120、轴管130和泵壳140也可以为一体成型结构。
请一并结合图5，在一些实施例中，第一轴套110可以通过胶接的方式与轴管130固接。在一些实施例中，第一轴套110包括大盘111和小盘112，大盘111和小盘112同轴设置，大盘111的外径大于小盘112的外径，小盘112与轴管130之间的间隙可以形成注胶空间。当胶水在该注胶空间内凝固之后，整个第一轴套110将被胶接在轴管130上。第二轴套120也可以通过胶接的方式与轴管130固接。
第一轴套110和第二轴套120沿轴管130的轴向间隔设置，第一轴套110相对第二轴套120更远离叶轮40设置。轴管130、第一轴套110和第二轴套120共同围成容置腔150，该容置腔150位于第一轴套110和第二轴套120之间。
容置腔150具有第一腔壁151、第二腔壁152和侧腔壁153，侧腔壁153连接第一腔壁151和第二腔壁152，以使第一腔壁151、第二腔壁152和侧腔壁153三者共同界定容置腔150的边界。第一腔壁151位于第一轴套110上，第二腔壁152位于第二轴套120上，侧腔壁153位于轴管130上。第一腔壁151和第二腔壁152相对且间隔设置。第一腔壁151朝向叶轮40设置，第二腔壁152背向叶轮40设置。具体地，第一腔壁151和第二腔壁152垂直于轴管130的轴向设置，即第一腔壁151和第二腔壁152平行。第一轴套110的朝向叶轮40的表面的至少一部分形成第一腔壁151；第二轴套120的背向叶轮40的表面的至少一部分形成第二腔壁152。在图示的实施例中，第一腔壁151的面积大于第二腔壁152的面积。
其中，第一腔壁151上开设有第一穿孔113，第一穿孔113与容置腔150连通。第一穿孔113沿第一轴套110的轴向延伸并贯穿整个第一轴套110。在图示的实施例中，第一腔壁151大致呈圆形，第一穿孔113位于第一腔壁151的中心位置。
第一腔壁151还开设有第一导流槽114，第一导流槽114与第一穿孔113、容置腔150均连通。在图示的实施例中，第一导流槽114沿第一轴套110的径向延伸。第一导流槽114的数量至少为三个，至少为三个第一导流槽114沿第一穿孔113的周向均匀间隔设置。在一些实施例中，第一导流槽114的一端延伸至第一穿孔113处、并与第一穿孔113连通，另一端延伸至第一腔壁151的边缘；在另一些实施例中，第一导流槽114的远离第一穿孔113的一端未延伸至第一腔壁151的边缘，此时，第一导流槽114的远离第一穿孔113的一端与第一腔壁151的边缘保持一定的间距。
第二腔壁152上开设有第二穿孔121，第二穿孔121与容置腔150连通。第二穿孔121沿第二轴套120的轴向延伸并贯穿整个第二轴套120。在图示的实施例中，第二腔壁152大致呈圆形，第二穿孔121位于第二腔壁152的中心位置。
其中，第二腔壁152还开设有第二导流槽122，第二导流槽122与第二穿孔121、容置腔150均连通。在图示的实施例中，第二导流槽122沿第二轴套120的径向延伸。第二导流槽122的设置方式可以类似于第一导流槽114，在此不再赘述。在一些实施例中，第二导流槽122的一端延伸至第二穿孔121处、并与第二穿孔121连通，另一端延伸至第二腔壁152的边缘；在另一些实施例中，第二导流槽122的远离第二穿孔121的一端未延伸至第二腔壁152的边缘，此时，第二导流槽122的远离第二穿孔121的一端与第二腔壁152的边缘保持一定的间距。
泵壳140大致为圆筒形。泵壳140通过第一穿孔113与容置腔150连通，进入泵壳140的冲洗液能够通过第一穿孔113进入容置腔150，并通过第二穿孔121流出壳体组件100。
具体地，转轴200能够转动地穿设于第一穿孔113、第二穿孔121和容置腔150。其中，转轴200包括连接的直轴部210和凸起部220。
直轴部210的一部分收容于壳体组件100中，一部分延伸至套管30中而与叶轮40固接。直轴部210能够转动地穿设于第一穿孔113、第二穿孔121和容置腔150。具体地，直轴部210的收容于第一穿孔113和第二穿孔121的部分的横截面为圆形，第一穿孔113和第二穿孔121大致为圆孔。
在图示的实施例中，直轴部210与第一穿孔113的孔壁之间具有第一间隙161，该第一间隙161可以理解为第一穿孔113未被直轴部210所填充的部分。泵壳140中的清洗能够通过该第一间隙161进入容置腔150。直轴部210与第二穿孔121的孔壁之间具有第二间隙162，该第二间隙162可以理解为第二穿孔121未被直轴部210所填充的部分，容置腔150中的冲洗液可以通过该第二间隙162流出壳体组件100。具体地，至少部分第二间隙162的宽度小于第一间隙161的宽度。
第一穿孔113的孔壁的靠近容置腔150的一端设有倒角，若转轴200产生晃动而接触第一穿孔113的孔壁，该设计可以减少直轴部210与第一穿孔113的孔壁之间的接触面积，从而减少直轴部210的摩擦；该倒角也可以起到装配导向作用，减少转轴200在装配过程中的干涉和装配阻力，提高转轴200的装配效率。第二穿孔121的孔壁的靠近容置腔150的一端设有倒角，若转轴200产生晃动而接触第二穿孔121的孔壁，该设计可以减少直轴部210与第二穿孔121的孔壁之间的接触面积，从而减少直轴部210的摩擦；该倒角也可以起到装配导向作用，减少转轴200在装配过程中的干涉和装配阻力，提高转轴200的装配效率。
凸起部220在直轴部210的周向上凸出设置，凸起部220能够转动地收容于容置腔150中，凸起部220位于第一腔壁151和第二腔壁152之间。第一腔壁151和第二腔壁152能够分别与凸起部220抵接，以限定转轴200在轴向上振动的最大振幅。具体地，凸起部220的横截面尺寸大于第一穿孔113的孔径，也大于第二穿孔121的孔径，使得凸起部220被限制于容置腔150中，凸起部220无法进入至第一穿孔113和第二穿孔121中。在图示的实施例中，凸起部220为环状，凸起部220固定地套设于直轴部20上，凸起部220的外径大于直轴部210的直径，凸起部220的轴线与直轴部210的轴线重合；凸起部220的外径大于第一穿孔113的孔径，也大于第二穿孔121的孔径。
凸起部220具有第一表面221和第二表面222，第一表面221和第二表面222沿直轴部210的轴线间隔设置。第一表面221面向第一腔壁151设置，第二表面222面向第二腔壁152设置。第一腔壁151能够与第一表面221抵接，第二腔壁152能够与第二表面222抵接，以限定转轴200在轴向上振动的最大振幅。在图示的实施例中，第一表面221和第二表面222均垂直于直轴部210的轴线，第一腔壁151和第二腔壁152分别与第一表面221和第二表面222平行。第一表面221和第二表面222的外轮廓均为圆形，第一表面221和第二表面222均与直轴部210的轴线共轴设置，也即直轴部210的轴线过第一表面221和第二表面222所在的圆的圆心。
其中，第一表面221的面积大于第二表面222的面积，第一表面221的面积小于或等于第一腔壁151的面积。在图示的实施例中，第一表面221的面积小于第一腔壁151的面积；第二表面222的面积小于第二腔壁152的面积。当第一腔壁151与第一表面221抵接时，第一腔壁151和第一表面221的接触面的面积即等于第一表面221的面积；当第二腔壁152与第二表面222接触时，第二腔壁152与第二表面222的接触面的面积即等于第二表面222的面积。其中，转子400固接于直轴部210，定子300与转子400之间具有吸引力，该吸引力能够使第一表面221向第一腔壁151抵靠。换而言之，定子300与转子400之间的吸引力使得凸起部220具有向第一腔壁151的方向抵靠的趋势，从而使得第一表面 221能够向第一腔壁151抵靠。具体地，转子400受到的吸引力的方向沿直轴部210的轴线从第二腔壁152指向第一腔壁151，使得第一表面221能够向第一腔壁151抵靠。
鉴于第一表面221的面积大于第二表面222的面积，较大面积的第一表面221能够增大第一表面221与第一腔壁151之间的接触面积，从而减少第一表面221和第一腔壁151的单位面积的压力，即减少单位面积受到的压强，从而减少第一表面221和凸起部220的磨损。
凸起部220还具有侧周面223，该侧周面223连接第一表面221和第二表面222。侧周面223环绕直轴部210的轴线设置，侧周面223所围成的环形结构与直轴部210共轴。侧腔壁153与侧周面223之间间隔设置，使得侧腔壁153与侧周面223之间具有第三间隙163，该第三间隙163与第一导流槽114、第二导流槽122均连通，从而使得即使当凸起部220的第一表面221与容置腔150的第一腔壁151抵靠时，第三间隙163还可以通过第一导流槽114与第一穿孔113连通；当凸起部220的第二表面222与容置腔150的第二腔壁152抵靠时，第三间隙163也可以通过第二导流槽122与第二穿孔121连通，从而保持冲洗液能够顺畅的流通。具体地，第一导流槽114的部分超出凸起部220的第一表面221在第一腔壁151的正投影的范围，以与第三间隙163连通。第二导流槽122的部分超出凸起部220的第二表面222在第二腔壁152的正投影的范围，以与第三间隙163连通。
请结合图2，冲洗液依次经第一间隙161、第三间隙163、和第二间隔162，并从出液口32流出。冲洗液的流动方向与血液在套管30中的流动方向相反，如此可以防止套管30中的血液通过第二穿孔121进入至驱动装置20内。图2中细虚线箭头所指为冲洗液的流动路径，粗虚线所指为血液的流动路径。第一导流槽114不仅可以起到连通第一穿孔113和第三间隙163的作用，还可以使冲洗液更好地流入到第一表面221和第一腔壁221之间，对凸起部220起到一定程度的悬浮作用，减少第一表面221和第一腔壁151之间的抵压力，减少凸起部220的磨损，同时，冲洗液流入到第一表面221和第一腔壁221之间还能够起到润滑剂的作用，能够减小第一表面221和第一腔壁221之间摩擦系数，减少凸起部220和容置腔150的腔壁的磨损。
具体地，第一导流槽114的数量为多个。在第一导流槽114数量增多的情况下，一方面可以使得冲洗液在更短的时间内填充在第一表面221和第一腔壁151之间，起到对第一表面221和第一腔壁151的润滑作用，从而减小第一表面221和凸起部220之间的摩擦系数而以降低磨损。另一方面可以合理增大冲洗液流经第一表面221和第一腔壁151之间的流量和流速，有利于快速带走第一腔壁151和凸起部220之间因摩擦产生的热量，降低温度过高而导致磨损加剧；再一方面可以增大冲洗液对凸起部220的悬浮力，从而减小第一腔壁151和凸起部220之间的抵压力，以减少第一腔壁151和凸起部220之间的磨损。故可以通过合理增加第一导流槽114数量的方式以减少第一腔壁151和凸起部220的磨损。同样的原理，可以通过合理增加第二导流槽122数量的方式以减少第二表面222和凸起部220的磨损。在图示的实施例中，第一导流槽114的数量为四个，四个第一导流槽114中，相邻两个第一导流槽114的延伸方向的夹角为90°。可以理解，在其它实施例中，第一导流槽114和第二导流槽122的数量可以根据需要进行调整。
具体地，侧周面223包括柱形面部2231和锥形面部2232，柱形面部2231和锥形面部2232沿直轴部210的轴线排列，柱形面部2231与第一表面221连接并垂直第一表面221设置，锥形面部2232的一端与柱形面部2231连接，锥形面部2232的另一端与第二表面222连接，即锥形面部2232连接在柱形面部2231和第二表面222之间。沿直轴部210的轴线且从第一表面221指向第二表面222的方向，柱形面部2231到直轴部210的轴线的距离保持恒定，锥形面部2232到直轴部210的轴线的距离逐渐减小。在凸起部220的侧周面223上设置锥形面部2232能够对冲洗液起到较好的导流效果；同时，由于第二表面222的面积小于第二腔壁152的面积，冲洗液流经第三间隙163并顺势朝第二穿孔121的方向流动，提高冲洗液的冲洗效果。而柱形面部2231沿直轴部210的轴线方向具有一定的长度， 避免整个侧周面223为锥形的凸起部220的靠近第一表面221的一端呈锐角，通俗而言，避免侧周面223与第一表面221形成尖锐的棱角，在凸起部220产生径向晃动的情况下，该棱角若与侧腔壁153接触而形成线面接触，会对侧腔壁153造成较大的剐蹭和损伤风险，且也没有足够宽的面积让冲洗液在凸起部220和侧腔壁153之间形成润滑薄膜层，而设置上述柱形面部2231能够起到一个过渡的作用，保证侧周面223与容置腔150的侧腔壁153之间形成面面相对的方式，降低摩擦损伤风险。
容置腔150的侧腔壁153的形状与侧周面223的形状相适配，具有类似于侧周面223的柱形面部2231和锥形面部2232的直面部1531和斜面部1532的结构。
具体地，沿直轴部210的轴线方向，第一腔壁151和第二腔壁152之间的间距记为第一间距H，第一表面221和第二表面222之间的间距记为第二间距h，第一间距H大于第二间距h。在一些实施例中，第一间距H略大于第二间距h，使得第一腔壁151与第一表面221始终保持接触，第二腔壁152与第二表面222始终保持接触，从而能够避免转轴200在直轴部210的轴线方向上移动。在一些实施例中，第一间距H大于第二间距h，使得当第一表面221抵靠于第一腔壁151时，第二表面222与第二腔壁152之间间隔一段距离，以使第二表面222与第二腔壁152具有间隙，使凸起部220在第一腔壁151和第二腔壁152之间具有一定的浮动空间，以便于冲洗液进入第一表面221与第一腔壁151之间、第二表面222和第二腔壁152之间而起到润滑和使凸起部220悬浮的效果，避免凸起部220与容置腔150的腔壁之间的干摩擦。当然，第一间距H与第二间距h的差值不宜过大，以避免转轴200在轴向上的振动幅度过大。
具体地，侧腔壁153与侧周面223的锥形面部2232之间间隙的宽度大于第一间距H与第二间距h的差值，即第三间隙163在锥形面部2232对应的位置的宽度大于第一间距H与第二间距h的差值，由此可以防止在凸起部220产生径向及/或轴向晃动的情况下，降低侧腔壁153与凸起部220的侧周面223之间的接触概率，减少凸起部220与容置腔150的腔壁之间的摩擦。
在一些实施例中，第一腔壁151和第一表面221中的至少一个的材质为陶瓷；第二腔壁152和第二表面222中的至少一个的材质为陶瓷。陶瓷的加工精度较高，且陶瓷的生物相容性较高，还具有较高的机械强度，较好的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性。且陶瓷能够具有更小的粗糙度，能够减小第一表面221与第一腔壁151接触时的摩擦，减小第二表面222和第二腔壁152接触时的摩擦。具体地，第一轴套110和第二轴套120的材质为陶瓷，凸起部220的材质为陶瓷，即，第一腔壁151、第一表面221、第二腔壁152和第二表面222的材质均为陶瓷。
在一些实施例中，壳体组件100的靠近叶轮40的一端的外周面形成导液面部160，导液面部160位于套管30中，并与出液口32的位置相对应，导液面部160的近端端部与出液口32的近端孔壁的位置对应；朝远离叶轮40的方向，导液面部160到直轴部210的轴线的距离逐渐增大。具体地，导液面部160位于轴管130的远离泵壳140的一端。导液面部160的设计有利于套管30内的液体的导出。另外，通常叶轮40和驱动装置20为血泵1的刚性部分，刚性部分的轴向长度越短越有利于血泵1在人体中输送，在驱动装置20的壳体组件100上设置导液面部160能够在缩短叶轮40的轴向长度的同时保证出液口32处的水力性能，同时，由于导液面部160作为驱动装置20的壳体组件100的一部分设置在套管30中，能够减小叶轮40和驱动装置20(也即血泵1的刚性部分)的整体长度，能够更加方便血泵1的输送。
具体地，导液面部160大致为弧形。沿直轴部210的轴线，导液面部160的高度L1为出液口32的高度L2的20％-40％。该高度设计能够缩短叶轮40和驱动装置20的总长度的同时，使血泵1具有较好的水力性能。
参阅图2和图6，定子300固定地收容于泵壳140内。具体地，定子300包括磁芯310、背板320和线圈330，背板320与泵壳140固接，磁芯310的数量为多个，多个磁芯310 沿一圆周间隔设置，每个磁芯310的延伸方向与直轴部210的延伸方向一致，也即磁芯310的中心轴线与直轴部210的轴线相互平行，每个磁芯310的一端与背板320固定连接。线圈330的数量与磁芯310的数量相等，两者形成一一对应关系，线圈330缠绕在磁芯310上，使得每个磁芯310上均缠绕有一个线圈330。
在一些实施例中，磁芯310包括磁柱311和设置在磁柱311的一端的头部(即极靴)，头部的横截面尺寸大于磁柱311的横截面尺寸，磁柱311的延伸方向与直轴部210的延伸方向一致。背板320与磁柱311远离头部的一端接合。其中，在磁柱311的延伸方向上，磁柱311大致呈尺寸均匀的柱状体，即磁柱311的横截面的尺寸保持恒定，通俗而言，磁柱311粗细均匀。线圈330缠绕于磁芯310的磁柱311上。而在图示的实施例中，磁芯310仅包括磁柱311，即磁芯310没有宽度较大的头部(即极靴)，那么，定子300的磁柱311即为磁芯310。此时，整个磁芯310均能够与转子400进行磁耦合，相较于具有极靴的磁芯310，仅具有磁柱311的磁芯310一方面能够减少磁损耗，增加磁芯310和转子400之间的磁耦合密度，以在相同电流的情况下增大定子300对转子400的扭矩。另一方面，没有头部的磁芯310还能够大大降低相邻磁芯310之间因接触而产生的局部磁短路造成的驱动装置20功率下降的问题。
可以理解，磁芯310不限于上述两种方式，在一些实施例中，部分磁柱311上设置有头部，而另一部分磁柱311上则没有设置头部。
在一些实施例中，磁柱311的横截面的形状大致为三棱柱状，每个磁柱311的一个棱边朝向直轴部210的轴线。在一些实施例中，磁柱311的棱边均做了倒圆处理，即磁柱311的棱边为相对圆滑和钝化的倒圆棱，从而以消除磁柱311上的尖锐棱角，不仅能够方便后续线圈330的缠绕，同时有利于保护线圈330上包覆的绝缘材料。在另一些实施例中，磁柱311的横截面的形状还可以为扇形、圆形、梯形、扇环形等。
背板320大致呈平板状结构。背板320采用与磁芯310相同的材料制成，例如钴钢等软磁性材料制成。以被定子300驱动的转子400为参考，该背板320固定在磁柱311远离转子400的一端，背板320能够起到闭合定子300的磁路的作用，以促进和增加定子300磁通量的产生，提高定子300和转子400之间耦合能力。换而言之，定子300中设置背板320能够促进和增加定子300磁通量的产生，提高定子300和转子400之间的耦合能力。由于背板320能够增加磁通量，因此，在定子300中分别设置背板320还有利于减小驱动装置20的整体直径。可以理解，在一些实施例中，背板320也可以省略。
转子400与定子300沿直轴部210的轴线间隔布置。沿直轴部210的轴线，转子400位于凸起部220和定子300之间。容置腔150的第一腔壁151位于转子400和凸起部220的第一表面221之间。
请一并结合图7、图8及图9，转子400具有磁性，定子300能够产生驱动转子400转动的旋转磁场。转子400与磁芯310之间具有吸引力。具体地，转子400包括磁体410，磁体410固接于转轴200的直轴部210。定子300的磁芯310对转子400的磁体410具有吸引力，该吸引力的方向沿转轴200的轴线从第二表面222指向第一表面221，继而使得第一表面221能够朝第一腔壁151的方向抵靠。
磁体410为环状的海尔贝克阵列磁铁。具体地，磁体410均包括沿磁体410轴向充磁的多个磁单元411，例如磁单元411的数量为四个、六个、八个或十个等，每个磁单元411呈扇环形，多个磁单元411环绕直轴部210设置一周以使磁体410形成环形结构。
转子400还包括飞轮420，此时，飞轮420直接固定在直轴部210上，磁体410固定在飞轮420上。通过设置飞轮420可以增强磁体410与直轴部210的连接强度；另外还能够减少转轴200在转动过程中的晃动，使整个转轴200在转动过程中更加稳定。
飞轮420包括内置管421、盘状部422和外环壁423。内置管421和外环壁423两者均为圆管状结构，盘状部422为环形圆盘结构。内置管421和外环壁423均与盘状部422固接。外环壁423环绕盘状部422设置，内置管421和外环壁423两者同轴设置，直轴部210 穿设于内置管421中、并与内置管421固定连接。内置管421和外环壁423之间形成有安装腔424，安装腔424均为环形腔。磁体410分别容置在安装腔424中。安装腔424的形状与磁体410相适配，以方便磁体410的安装和定位。如此设置能够使飞轮420对磁体410起到限位作用，不仅方便磁体410的安装，而且也使得磁体410和飞轮420结合更加稳固。
需要说明的是，飞轮420不限于为上述结构，在一些实施例中，飞轮420不具有外环壁423；在一些实施例中，飞轮420不具有外环壁423和内置管421，此时，直轴部210固定地穿设于盘状部422的中心。相对于仅具有盘状部422的飞轮420，设置内置管421能够使飞轮420与直轴部210更加稳定地连接。
为了方便磁体410的安装，提高磁体410的安装精度，飞轮420上还设有用于确定磁单元411的安装位置的标识部4211。标识部4211可以设置为槽、刻度线或者是标识等。在安装磁体410时，只要使用标识部4211分别标识出磁体410的其中一个磁单元411的位置，就可以确定剩余磁单元411的安装位置，从而方便磁体410的安装。具体地，标识部4211设置在内置管421、盘状部422及外环壁423中的至少一个上，例如标识部4211设置在内置管421的端面上。
在图示的实施例中，沿直轴部210的轴线，转轴200与定子300间隔设置，即直轴部210并未穿设在定子300中，使得转轴200位于定子300之外。由于增加磁柱311的横截面积，磁柱311的横截面积越大，所产生的磁通量就越大，定子300对转子400的扭矩就越大，所需电流越小，有利于降低功耗，减少发热。鉴于定子300中并未穿设有转轴200，能够避免转轴200占用磁柱311的安装空间，有利于在保持壳体组件100的外径不变的情况下，增大定子300的磁柱311的横截面尺寸以增大定子300对转子400的驱动扭矩，在所需扭矩相同的情况下，此方式可以减少对定子300的电流供应，从而降低了功耗，同时还减少驱动装置20的发热量，避免血泵10在工作过程中因热量聚集而产生温度过高而对人体造成不适甚至是伤害。
上述驱动装置20和血泵1至少有以下优点：
(1)由于上述驱动装置20的定子300与转子400之间具有吸引力，该吸引力会使第一表面221向容置腔150的第一腔壁151抵靠，使得第一腔壁151会受到第一表面221的压力，通过使第一表面221的面积大于第二表面222的面积，即增大第一表面221的面积，使第一表面221的面积小于或等于第一腔壁151的面积，以使当第一表面221与第一腔壁151接触时，第一表面221与第一腔壁151的接触面积等于第一表面221的面积，较大面积的第一表面221能够在第一表面221与第一腔壁151接触时增大第一表面221与第一腔壁151之间的接触面积，减少第一表面221和第一腔壁151的单位面积的压力，即减少单位面积上受到的压强，从而减少第一表面221和第一腔壁151的磨损；同时，由于吸引力会使第一表面221向容置腔150的第一腔壁151抵靠，使得第二表面222会有远离第二腔壁152的趋势，而使得第二表面222和第二腔壁152二者之间不接触，或者二减小第二表面222和第二腔壁152二者接触时的摩擦系数，在驱动装置20的启动过程中，可以减少第二腔壁152对凸起部220的摩擦阻力，从而提高转轴200转动的启动速度，也即提高转轴200对驱动响应的灵敏度，因此，上述血泵1和驱动装置20不仅能够降低转轴200在使用过程中的磨损程度，还能够被较快地启动。
(2)通过在第一表面221上设置第一导流槽122，能够使冲洗液快速流入至第一表面221和第一腔壁151之间，以在第一表面221和第一腔壁151之间起到润滑作用，能够减小第一表面221和第一腔壁221之间摩擦系数，以减少凸起部220和容置腔150的腔壁的磨损；进一步使第一导流槽114的部分位于凸起部220的第一表面221在第一腔壁151的正投影的范围外，还能够使得即使当凸起部220的第一表面221与容置腔150的第一腔壁151抵靠时，容置腔150也可以通过第一导流槽114与第一穿孔113连通，以保证冲洗液的流动通畅。
(3)将壳体组件100的部分设置在套管30中，并在壳体组件100的位于套管30的部 分的外周面上设置弧形的导液面部160，有利于在保证血泵1的水力性能的情况下减小叶轮40和驱动装置20(也即血泵1的刚性部分)的整体长度，以方便血泵1的输送。
(4)通过将转轴200与定子300间隔设置，有利于在保持壳体组件100和定子300的外径不变的情况下通过增加磁柱311的横截面积，增大定子300对转子400的驱动扭矩，在所需扭矩相同的情况下，此方式可以减少对定子300的电流供应，从而降低了功耗，同时还减少驱动装置20的发热量，避免血泵10在工作过程中因热量聚集而产生温度过高而对人体造成不适甚至是伤害。
参阅图10，第二实施方式的血泵2，与第一实施方式的血泵1的结构大致相同，区别在于，在本实施方式中，转子400＇具有两个转子单元，定子300＇具有两个定子单元，两个定子单元分别记为第一定子单元301和第二定子单元302，两个转子单元分别记为第一转子单元401和第二转子单元402。
其中，第一转子单元401、第一定子单元301、第二转子单元402和第二定子单元302沿直轴部210＇的轴线依次排列，第一转子单元401最靠近凸起部220＇设置。第一转子单元401和第二转子单元402均与转轴200＇的直轴部200＇固接。第一定子单元301与第一转子单元401之间具有吸引力，第二定子单元302与第二转子单元402之间具有吸引力。将第一转子单元401受到第一定子单元301的吸引力记作第一吸引力，将第二转子单元402受到第二定子单元302的吸引力记作第二吸引力，第一吸引力和第二吸引力的方向相同，且分别通过第一转子单元401和第二转子单元402作用在转轴200＇上，故在第一吸引力和第二吸引力两者所形成的合力作用下，以使凸起部220＇的第一表面221＇能够朝第一腔壁151＇方向抵靠。
其中，转轴200＇的直轴部210＇能够转动地穿设于第一定子单元301，并与第二定子单元301间隔。即直轴部210＇并未穿设在第二定子单元302中，使得直轴部210＇位于第二定子单元302之外，继而使得转轴200＇与第二定子单元302沿直轴部210＇的轴向间隔一定的距离。第一定子单元301和第二定子单元302均具有磁柱311＇，第二定子单元302的磁柱311＇的横截面尺寸大于第一定子单元301的磁柱311＇的横截面尺寸。鉴于第二定子单元302中并未穿设有转轴200＇，也即转轴200＇位于第二定子单元302之外，能够避免转轴200＇占用第二定子单元302中的磁柱311＇的安装空间，可以在不增加泵壳140＇和第二定子单元302外径的方式的情况下增大第二定子单元302的磁柱311＇的横截面尺寸，此时，尽管第一定子单元301和第二定子单元302两者的外径相同，但是第二定子单元302的磁柱311＇的横截面尺寸大于第一定子单元301的磁柱311＇的横截面尺寸。如此可以增大第二定子单元302对第二转子单元402的驱动扭矩，在所需扭矩相同的情况下，此方式可以合理减少对第二定子单元302的电流供应，从而降低了功耗，同时还减少驱动装置的发热量，避免血泵在工作过程中因热量聚集而产生温度过高而对人体造成不适甚至是伤害。
在本实施例中，第一转子单元401和第二转子单元402的结构可以与第一实施方式的血泵1的转子400的结构类似；第一定子单元301和第二定子单元302的结构可以与血泵1的定子300的结构类似，在此不再赘述。其中，第一定子单元301的背板320＇位于第一定子单元301的磁柱311＇的远离第一转子单元401的一端，第二定子单元302的背板320＇位于第二定子单元302的磁柱311＇远离第二转子单元402的一端。
第二实施方式的血泵2的结构与第一实施方式的血泵1的结构相似，因此，第二实施方式的血泵2也具有第一实施方式的血泵1的优点。
可以理解，血泵的驱动装置的结构不限于为第一实施方式和第二实施方式的结构，在其它实施例中，定子单元的数量可以根据需要进行调整，转子单元和定子单元的位置关系也可以进行调整。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所 记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种驱动装置，用于驱动叶轮转动，其特征在于，所述驱动装置包括：
    壳体组件，开设有容置腔，所述容置腔具有相对且间隔设置的第一腔壁和第二腔壁；
    用于与所述叶轮连接的转轴，包括连接的直轴部和凸起部，所述凸起部在所述直轴部的周向上凸出设置，所述凸起部能够转动地收容于所述容置腔中，所述凸起部位于所述第一腔壁和所述第二腔壁之间，所述凸起部具有第一表面和第二表面，所述第一表面面向所述第一腔壁，所述第二表面面向所述第二腔壁，所述第一表面的面积大于所述第二表面的面积，所述第一表面的面积小于或等于所述第一腔壁的面积；
    转子，固接于所述直轴部；及
    定子，能够驱动所述转子转动，所述定子与所述转子之间具有吸引力，所述吸引力能够使所述第一表面向所述第一腔壁抵靠。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述第一腔壁和所述第二腔壁之间的间距大于所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间的间距，以使当所述第一表面抵靠于所述第一腔壁时所述第二表面和所述第二腔壁之间间隔一段距离。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述第一腔壁和所述第一表面中的至少一个的材质为陶瓷；
    及/或，所述第二腔壁和所述第二表面中的至少一个的材质为陶瓷。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述第一表面和所述第二表面均垂直于所述直轴部的轴线，所述第一腔壁和所述第二腔壁分别与所述第一表面和所述第二表面平行。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述第一表面和所述第二表面的外轮廓均为圆形，所述第一表面的中心线和所述第二表面的中心线均与所述直轴部的轴线共轴设置。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述第一腔壁上开设有第一穿孔和第一导流槽，所述第一穿孔与所述容置腔连通，所述第一导流槽与所述第一穿孔、所述容置腔均连通，所述直轴部能够转动地穿设于所述第一穿孔。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述凸起部还具有连接所述第一表面和所述第二表面的侧周面，所述容置腔还具有连接所述第一腔壁和第二腔壁的侧腔壁，所述侧腔壁与所述侧周面之间具有间隙，所述第一导流槽的部分超出所述第一表面在所述第一腔壁的正投影的范围、并与所述间隙连通。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述侧周面包括环绕所述直轴部的轴线设置的柱形面部和锥形面部，所述柱形面部与所述第一表面连接，所述锥形面部连接在所述柱形面部和所述第二表面之间；从所述第一表面指向所述第二表面的方向，所述锥形面部到所述直轴部的轴线的距离逐渐减小；定义所述第一腔壁和所述第二腔壁之间的间距为第一间距，所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间的间距为第二间距，所述侧腔壁与所述锥形面部之间的间隙的宽度大于所述第一间距与所述第二间距的差值。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述侧腔壁包括相互连接的直面部和斜面部，所述直面部的形状与所述柱形面部的形状相适配，所述斜面部的形状与所述锥形面部的形状相适配。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述第一穿孔的孔壁的靠近所述容置腔的一端设有倒角。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述第二腔壁上开设有第二穿孔和第二导流槽，所述第二穿孔与所述容置腔连通，所述第二导流槽与所述第二穿孔、所述容置腔均连通，所述直轴部能够转动地穿设于所述第二穿孔，所述第二导流 槽的部分超出所述第二表面在所述第二腔壁的正投影的范围。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述壳体组件包括共同围成所述容置腔的轴管、第一轴套和第二轴套，所述第一轴套和所述第二轴套间隔设置并固定在所述轴管内，所述第一腔壁位于所述第一轴套，所述第二腔壁位于所述第二轴套，所述直轴部能够转动地穿设于所述第一轴套和所述第二轴套。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述转子与所述定子沿所述直轴部的轴线间隔设置；沿所述直轴部的轴线，所述转轴与所述定子间隔设置，所述定子包括磁芯和缠绕于所述磁芯上的线圈，所述转子具有磁性，所述转子与所述磁芯之间具有吸引力。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述第一腔壁位于所述转子和所述第一表面之间。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述转轴与所述定子沿所述直轴部的轴线间隔设置。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述转子包括第一转子单元和第二转子单元，所述定子包括第一定子单元和第二定子单元，所述第一转子单元、所述第一定子单元、所述第二转子单元和所述第二定子单元沿所述直轴部的轴线依次排列，且所述第一转子单元最靠近所述凸起部，所述第一定子单元能够产生驱动所述第一转子单元转动的旋转磁场，所述第二定子单元能够产生驱动所述第二转子单元转动的旋转磁场，所述直轴部能够转动地穿设于所述第一定子单元、并与所述第二定子单元间隔，所述第一定子单元和所述第二定子单元均具有磁柱，所述第二定子单元的磁柱的横截面尺寸大于所述第一定子单元的磁柱的横截面尺寸。
  17. 一种血泵，其特征在于，包括叶轮和和驱动叶轮转动的驱动装置，所述驱动装置包括：
    壳体组件，开设有容置腔，所述容置腔具有相对且间隔设置的第一腔壁和第二腔壁；
    转轴，包括连接的直轴部和凸起部，所述直轴部与所述叶轮固接，所述凸起部在所述直轴部的周向上凸出设置，所述凸起部能够转动地收容于所述容置腔中，所述凸起部位于所述第一腔壁和所述第二腔壁之间，所述凸起部具有第一表面和第二表面，所述第一表面面向所述第一腔壁，所述第二表面面向所述第二腔壁，所述第一表面的面积大于所述第二表面的面积，所述第一表面的面积小于或等于所述第一腔壁的面积；
    转子，固接于所述直轴部；及，
    定子，能够驱动所述转子转动，所述定子与所述转子之间具有吸引力，所述吸引力能够使所述第一表面向所述第一腔壁抵靠。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的血泵，其特征在于，还包括与所述壳体组件连接的套管，所述套管的管壁上开设有出液口，所述叶轮能够转动地设置在所述套管内，所述叶轮靠近所述出液口设置，所述直轴部的部分收容于所述壳体组件，部分收容于所述套管内而与所述叶轮固接，所述壳体组件的靠近所述叶轮的一端的外周面形成导液面部，所述导液面部位于所述套管中，并与所述出液口的位置相对应，所述导液面部的近端端部与所述出液口的近端孔壁的位置对应；朝远离所述叶轮的方向，所述导液面部到所述直轴部的轴线的距离逐渐增大。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的血泵，其特征在于，沿所述直轴部的轴线，所述导液面部的高度为所述出液口的高度的20％-40％。
  20. 根据权利要求17所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述壳体组件包括共同围成所述容置腔的轴管、第一轴套和第二轴套，所述第一轴套和所述第二轴套间隔设置并固定在所述轴管内，所述第一腔壁位于所述第一轴套，所述第二腔壁位于所述第二轴套，所述直轴部能够转动地穿设于所述第一轴套和所述第二轴套；
    所述轴管的靠近所述叶轮的一端的外周面形成所述导液面部。
PCT/CN2023/098337 2022-07-08 2023-06-05 驱动装置和血泵 Ceased WO2024007790A1 (zh)

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