WO2024007931A1 - 复合横担以及输电塔 - Google Patents

复合横担以及输电塔 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024007931A1
WO2024007931A1 PCT/CN2023/103620 CN2023103620W WO2024007931A1 WO 2024007931 A1 WO2024007931 A1 WO 2024007931A1 CN 2023103620 W CN2023103620 W CN 2023103620W WO 2024007931 A1 WO2024007931 A1 WO 2024007931A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arc
voltage end
insulator
fitting
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/103620
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄清
顾亚楠
王文杰
郁杰
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jiangsu Shemar Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Jiangsu Shemar Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jiangsu Shemar Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Jiangsu Shemar Electric Co Ltd
Priority to US18/288,962 priority Critical patent/US12567729B2/en
Priority to EP23797628.7A priority patent/EP4325004A4/en
Priority to CA3216620A priority patent/CA3216620A1/en
Publication of WO2024007931A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024007931A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/24—Cross arms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/38—Fittings, e.g. caps; Fastenings therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/42—Means for obtaining improved distribution of voltage; Protection against arc discharges
    • H01B17/46—Means for providing an external arc-discharge path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G7/00—Overhead installations of electric lines or cables
    • H02G7/20—Spatial arrangements or dispositions of lines or cables on poles, posts or towers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • H02H9/06—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using spark-gap arresters

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of power transmission technology, and in particular to a composite cross arm and transmission tower.
  • This application provides a composite cross arm, including at least one insulator and at least one arc striking device connected to the insulator.
  • Each arc striking device includes a high-voltage end arc striking assembly and a low-voltage end arc striking assembly. The high-voltage end arc striking assembly and The high voltage end of the insulator is connected, and the low voltage end arc striking component is connected to the low voltage end of the insulator; in at least one arc striking device, the electrical gap between the high voltage end arc striking component and the low voltage end arc striking component of the first arc striking device is less than at least one The electrical gap between the high-voltage and low-voltage ends of any insulator.
  • the electrical gap between the high-voltage end arc-initiating component and the low-voltage end arc-initiating component of the above-mentioned composite cross-arm equipped with the first arc-initiating device is smaller than the electrical gap between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of any insulator.
  • the insulator with the shortest umbrella sleeve length among at least one insulator is connected to the first arc-inducing device.
  • the above arrangement ensures that as long as the electrical gap between the high voltage end and the low voltage end of the arc striking device connected to the first insulator is smaller than the electrical gap between the high voltage end and the low voltage end of the first insulator, the high voltage end of the arc striking device connected to the first insulator can be ensured.
  • the electrical clearance between the insulator and the low-voltage end is smaller than the electrical clearance between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of all insulators, which can improve installation efficiency.
  • the high-voltage end arc-causing assembly includes an arc-causing ball and a first arc-causing rod.
  • One end of the first arc-causing rod is connected to the insulator, and the other end is connected to the arc-causing ball.
  • the arc-causing ball serves as the high-voltage end arc-causing rod. The arc end of the component.
  • the arc-drawing ball is set as the arc-drawing end of the high-voltage end arc-drawing component, so that while the arc-drawing ball plays the arc-drawing role, the spherical structure can also reduce the tip discharge phenomenon and ensure the uniform distribution of the electric field.
  • the first arc rod is a multi-section bending structure, including multiple first arc segments smoothly connected in sequence.
  • one end of the first arc rod connected to the insulator is connected to a first slot fitting, and the first slot fitting connects the first arc rod to the insulator through a high-voltage end connecting fitting.
  • the first slot hardware is provided with a first slot for the high-voltage end connection fitting to be inserted.
  • the first slot hardware is also provided with a first through hole, so that the locking member can be passed through the first through hole. The first slot fitting is locked with the high voltage end connecting fitting.
  • the first card slot hardware is provided with a first card slot and a first through hole, so that the locking member can be directly used to pass through the first through hole to lock the first card slot hardware and the high-voltage end connection hardware inserted into the first card slot, It can not only ensure the convenience of installation, but also ensure the strength of installation.
  • a voltage equalizing ring is set around the high voltage end of the insulator, and the voltage equalizing ring is connected to the first slot fitting through a connecting bracket.
  • a voltage-equalizing ring is set around the high-voltage end of the insulator to ensure uniform distribution of the electric field at the high-voltage end of the insulator.
  • the voltage-equalizing ring is connected to the first slot fitting through the connecting bracket, so that during installation, only the first slot fitting is connected to the insulator.
  • the voltage equalizing ring is provided with a gap
  • the first slot fitting and the voltage equalizing ring are spaced apart in a first direction parallel to the extension direction of the insulator, and the end of the first arc rod that is not connected to the first slot fitting is at the gap. Bend in the direction away from the pressure equalizing ring and connect with the curve ball.
  • the above settings can not only save materials and reduce costs, but also ensure the distance between the pressure equalizing ring and the arcing ball, avoid contact between the pressure equalizing ring and the arcing ball, and ensure the arcing effect of the arcing ball.
  • the pressure equalizing ring, the connecting bracket, the first arc rod and the arc ball are all symmetrically arranged with respect to the first plane; the first slot fitting is symmetrically arranged with respect to the second plane, and the first plane and the second plane It is arranged vertically, and the intersection line of the first plane and the second plane coincides with the central axis of the pressure equalizing ring.
  • the above arrangement can ensure that the external force exerted by the first slot fitting on the high-voltage end connecting fittings is uniform, and prevents the high-voltage end connecting fittings from being deformed due to uneven force, thereby extending the life of the high-voltage end connecting fittings.
  • a high-voltage equalizing ring is set around the high-voltage end of the insulator, and the high-voltage equalizing ring is directly connected to the insulator through a connecting bracket.
  • the low-voltage end arc striking assembly includes a second arc striking rod, one end of the second arc striking rod is connected to the insulator, and the other end serves as the arc striking end of the low voltage end arc striking assembly.
  • the second arc rod is a multi-section bending structure, including multiple second arc segments smoothly connected in sequence.
  • the first and last two second stroke arc segments of the plurality of second stroke arc segments are arranged at a certain angle.
  • one end of the second arc rod connected to the insulator is connected to a second slot fitting, and the second slot fitting is used to connect the second arc rod to the insulator.
  • the composite cross arm also includes: a high-voltage end connecting fitting, one end of which is connected to the insulator, and the other end is used to connect to the first connecting fitting; at the same time, the high-voltage end connecting fitting is also connected to the high-voltage end arc striking component, and the high-voltage end Both ends of the connecting hardware are provided with second through holes, so that the locking parts are passed through the second through holes to connect one end of the high-voltage end connecting hardware to the insulator and the other end to the first connecting hardware; the high-voltage end connecting hardware is connected to both ends The extension directions of the second through holes are different.
  • the extension directions of the second through holes at the two ends of the high-voltage end connection fitting are different, which facilitates the reversal of the high-voltage end connection fitting and makes the installation of the insulator more flexible.
  • the high-voltage end connecting fitting includes a first connecting plate and a first connecting lug that are connected to each other.
  • the first connecting plate is provided with a second through hole so that the high-voltage end connecting fitting can be connected to the first connecting fitting.
  • One connecting ear is provided with a second through hole so that the high voltage end connecting fittings can be connected to the insulator.
  • the first connecting plate is also provided with a third through hole so that the high voltage end connecting fittings can be connected to the high voltage end arc striking assembly.
  • the composite cross arm further includes: a low-voltage end connection fitting, and fourth perforations are provided at both ends of the low-voltage end connection fitting, so that locking pieces are passed through the fourth perforations to secure the low-voltage end connection fittings.
  • One end is connected to the insulator, and the other end is connected to the second connecting fitting; the fourth through holes provided at both ends of the low-voltage end connecting fitting extend in the same direction.
  • the low-voltage end connection fitting includes a second connection plate and a slot fitting that are connected to each other.
  • the second connection plate is provided with a fourth through hole so that the low-voltage end connection fitting can be connected to the insulator.
  • the slot fitting is provided with The fourth perforation is provided so that the low-voltage end connecting fitting can be connected to the second connecting fitting.
  • the second connecting plate is also provided with a fifth perforation so that the low-voltage end connecting fitting can be connected to the low-voltage end arc striking assembly.
  • At least one insulator includes a pillar insulator and a cable-stayed insulator; the number of pillar insulators and the number of cable-stayed insulators is two, or the number of pillar insulators is one and the number of cable-stayed insulators is three.
  • This application also provides a transmission tower, including a tower body and the above-mentioned composite cross arm connected to the tower body.
  • the composite cross arm of the present application is provided with at least one arc striking device.
  • the insulator with the shortest canopy length among at least one insulator is connected to the first arc striking device, so that the electrical gap between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of the arc striking device connected to the first insulator with the shortest canopy length is ensured to be smaller than that of the first insulator.
  • the electrical clearance between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end can ensure that the electrical clearance between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of the arc striking device connected to the first insulator is smaller than the electrical clearance between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of all insulators, which facilitates installation.
  • this application also sets an arc-drawing ball as the arc-drawing end of the high-voltage end arc-drawing component. While ensuring the arc-drawing effect, it can also reduce the phenomenon of tip discharge and ensure the uniform distribution of the electric field.
  • the first arc-drawing rod is set free As the arc-drawing end of the low-voltage arc-drawing component, it can reduce equipment costs while ensuring the arc-drawing effect.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite cross arm provided according to one or more embodiments.
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic view of point A in Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the arc ball, the first arc rod, the first slot hardware, the connecting bracket and the pressure equalizing ring in Figure 2.
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic view of position B in Figure 1.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the second arc rod and the second slot fitting in Figure 4 in another application scenario.
  • FIG. 6 is a top view of the structure of FIG. 3 .
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the high-voltage end connecting fittings in Figure 2.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the low-voltage end connecting fittings in Figure 4.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite cross arm provided according to another or other embodiments.
  • FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic view of position C in FIG. 9 .
  • Figure 11 is an enlarged schematic view of D in Figure 9 .
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite cross arm provided according to another or more embodiments.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the composite cross arm in Figure 12 from another perspective.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission tower provided according to one or more embodiments.
  • a composite cross arm 1000 includes at least one insulator 1100 and at least one arc striking device 1200.
  • the composite cross arm 1000 only includes one insulator 1100
  • one end of the insulator 1100 is used to connect to the tower body of the transmission tower, and the other end serves as the composite cross arm 1000 for hanging the end of the transmission line.
  • the composite cross arm 1000 includes multiple insulators 1100
  • one end of the multiple insulators 1100 is used to connect to the tower body of the transmission tower, and the other ends are connected together through the first connecting fitting 1101 to form the composite cross arm 1000 for hanging transmission lines.
  • One end of the insulator 1100 connected to the tower body is the low-voltage end, and the other end is the high-voltage end. That is, the end of the insulator 1100 used for hanging transmission lines is the high-voltage end.
  • the plurality of insulators 1100 may include pillar insulators 1110 and cable-stayed insulators 1120.
  • One ends of the pillar insulators 1110 and the cable-stayed insulators 1120 are used to connect to the tower body of the transmission tower.
  • the other ends are connected together through the first connecting fitting 1101 to form a composite cross arm 1000 for hanging the end of the transmission line.
  • the number of pillar insulators 1110 and cable-stayed insulators 1120 may be one or multiple.
  • the number of pillar insulators 1110 and diagonal stay insulators 1120 is two.
  • One end of the two pillar insulators 1110 and the two cable-stayed insulators 1120 are connected to the tower body of the transmission tower, and the other ends are connected together to form a composite cross arm 1000 for hanging the ends of the transmission lines.
  • the two cable-stayed insulators 1120 Located on the same side of the two pillar insulators 1110 and adjacent to the two pillar insulators 1110 respectively, the angle between the two pillar insulators 1110 ranges from 20° to 50°, for example, 20°, 30°, 40°, 45 ° or 50°, and the included angle between the pillar insulator 1110 and the adjacent inclined-stayed insulator 1120 ranges from 15° to 45°, for example, 15°, 30° or 45°.
  • the arrangement of the two pillar insulators 1110 and the two cable-stayed insulators 1120 creates a stable triangular structure between the composite cross arm 1000 and the body of the transmission tower, which can greatly improve the stability performance of the composite cross arm 1000.
  • the two pillar insulators 1110 are installed at the same height, and the two cable-stayed insulators 1120 are installed at the same height. At the same time, the two cable-stayed insulators 1120 are located above the two pillar insulators 1110 . And the angles between the two pillar insulators 1110 and the adjacent cable-stayed insulators 1120 are equal, that is, the composite cross arm 1000 is a symmetrical structure to ensure that the composite cross arm 1000 is stressed uniformly, but the application is not limited to this, for example, in other In the embodiment, the angle between one pillar insulator 1110 and the adjacent cable-stayed insulator 1120 is 20°, and the angle between the other pillar insulator 1110 and the adjacent cable-stayed insulator 1120 is 45°.
  • At least one arc striking device 1200 is connected to at least one insulator 1100 .
  • An arc striking device 1200 can be connected to the same insulator 1100 or to different insulators 1100, as long as the arc striking components of the arc striking device 1200 are respectively located at the high voltage end and low voltage end of the insulator 1100. In the following description, an arc striking device 1200 is connected to the same insulator 1100.
  • Each arc striking device 1200 includes a high voltage end arc striking component 1210 and a low voltage end arc striking component 1220 .
  • the high voltage end arc striking component 1210 is connected to the high voltage end of the insulator 1100, and the low voltage end arc striking component 1220 is connected to the low voltage end of the insulator 1100.
  • the arc striking devices 1200 there is at least one electrical gap between the high voltage end arc striking component 1210 and the low voltage end arc striking component 1220 of the arc striking device 1200 , which is smaller than the gap between the high voltage end and the low voltage end of any one of at least one insulator 1100 .
  • the electrical gap between them is smaller than the electrical gap between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of all insulators 1100 on the composite cross arm 1000.
  • the definition of the first arc striking device 1200 is introduced below: If the electrical gap between the high voltage end arc striking component 1210 and the low voltage end arc striking component 1220 of an arc striking device 1200 is smaller than any one of at least one insulator 1100 The electrical gap between the high voltage end and the low voltage end defines the arc striking device 1200 as the first arc striking device 1200 .
  • the electrical gap between the high voltage end arc striking component 1210 and the low voltage end arc striking component 1220 is smaller than the high voltage end and low voltage end of all insulators 1100.
  • the discharge gap between the high-voltage end arc-initiating component 1210 and the low-voltage end arc-initiating component 1220 of the first arc-initiating device 1200 is the first to be broken down, It can prevent large current from flowing from the high-voltage end of any insulator 1100 to the low-voltage end and burning the insulator 1100, thereby protecting all insulators 1100 and reducing potential safety hazards.
  • the pillar insulator 1110 may be connected to the first arc striking device 1200, or the diagonal stay insulator 1120 may be connected to the first arc striking device 1200.
  • the electrical gap between its high-voltage end and low-voltage end is equal to the length of the insulator 1100 umbrella, that is, the shortest distance between the ends of the metal accessories at both ends of insulator 1100 that are close to each other.
  • this implementation The method is to set the insulator 1100 with the shortest umbrella length among all the insulators 1100 to be connected to the first arc-initiating device 1200 .
  • the insulator 1100 with the shortest sleeve length among all insulators 1100 is defined as the first insulator 1100 .
  • the connection with the first insulator can be ensured.
  • the electrical gap between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of the arc striking device 1200 connected to the first insulator 1100 is smaller than the electrical gap between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of all insulators 1100.
  • the distance between the arc end and the arc end of the low voltage end arc assembly 1220 only needs to be less than the length of the umbrella sleeve of the first insulator 1100, which can ensure the efficiency of the installation.
  • the electrical gap between the high voltage end arc striking component 1210 and the low voltage end arc striking component 1220 of each arc striking device 1200 is set to be smaller than the high voltage end and low voltage end of all insulators 1100. Electrical clearance between low voltage terminals. That is, all arc striking devices 1200 are first arc striking devices 1200 .
  • the length of the umbrella sleeve of the cable-stayed insulator 1120 is shorter than the length of the umbrella sleeve of the pillar insulator 1110. That is, the electrical gap between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of the cable-stayed insulator 1120 is smaller than the electrical gap between the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of the pillar insulator 1110.
  • the oblique The pull insulator 1120 is hit before the pillar insulator 1110, so in order to protect the diagonal pull insulator 1120, as shown in Figure 1, the diagonal pull insulator 1120 is set to be connected to the first arc striking device 1200.
  • the high-voltage end arc-causing assembly 1210 includes an arc-causing ball 1211 and a first arc-causing rod 1212. One end of the first arc-causing rod 1212 is connected to the insulator 1100, and the other end is connected to the arc-causing ball 1211.
  • the ball 1211 serves as the arc end of the high voltage end arc assembly 1210.
  • the low-voltage end arc striking assembly 1220 includes a second arc striking rod 1221.
  • One end of the second arc striking rod 1221 is connected to the insulator 1100, and the other end serves as the arc striking end of the low voltage end arc striking assembly 1220. .
  • the arc-initiating end of the low-voltage end arc-initiating assembly 1220 only needs to play the role of arc-initiating, so the second arc-initiating rod 1221 is not connected to the insulator 1100
  • the free end serves as the arc striking end of the low voltage end arc striking component 1220.
  • the low-voltage end arc-causing assembly can also be configured to be the same as the high-voltage end arc-causing assembly 1210, both using arc-causing balls as arc-causing ends.
  • one end of the first arc rod 1212 connected to the insulator 1100 is connected to a first slot fitting 1213.
  • the first slot fitting 1213 connects the first slot fitting 1300 to the high voltage end.
  • the arc rod 1212 is connected to the insulator 1100 .
  • the above settings can ensure the connection strength between the first arc rod 1212 and the insulator 1100 and the convenience of installation.
  • the first slot fitting 1213 is formed with a first slot 12131 for the high-voltage end connecting fitting 1300 to be inserted into.
  • the first slot fitting 1213 is provided with a first through hole 12132 so that locking members such as bolts and rivets can be passed through the first through hole. 12132 Lock the first slot fitting 1213 with the high voltage end connecting fitting 1300.
  • the surface of the first slot hardware 1213 is polished to a smooth surface without sharp edges and corners.
  • the first card slot hardware 1213 is provided with a first card slot 12131 and a first through hole 12132, so that the locking member can be directly used to pass through the first hole 12132 to connect the first card slot hardware 1213 with the high voltage inserted into the first card slot 12131.
  • the end connection fittings are 1300 locked, which not only ensures the convenience of installation, but also ensures the strength of installation.
  • One end of the high-voltage end connecting fitting 1300 is connected to the insulator 1100, and the other end is connected to the first connecting fitting 1101.
  • the specific structure of the high-voltage end connecting fitting 1300 please refer to the following.
  • the first arc rod 1212 is a multi-section bending structure, including multiple first arc segments 12121 connected in sequence. In order to reduce the tip discharge phenomenon and ensure uniform distribution of the electric field, the multiple first arc segments 12121 are smoothly connected in sequence.
  • the entire surface of the first arc rod 1212 is a smooth surface. That is, the surface of the first arc rod 1212 is polished to avoid sharp edges and corners.
  • a voltage equalizing ring 1500 is provided around the high-voltage end of the insulator 1100.
  • the voltage equalizing ring 1500 is connected to the first slot fitting 1213 through the connecting bracket 1600. Therefore, during installation, as long as the first slot fitting 1213 is connected to the insulator 1100, the first arc arc can be installed at the same time. Rod 1212 and pressure equalizing ring 1500.
  • the first slot fitting 1213 and the voltage equalizing ring 1500 are spaced apart along the first direction Q1 parallel to the extension direction of the insulator 1100. At the same time, the voltage equalizing ring 1500 is provided with a gap 1510, and the first arc rod 1212 is not in contact with the first slot fitting. One end of the connection 1213 is bent at the notch 1510 in a direction away from the pressure equalizing ring 1500 and connected to the curve ball 1211.
  • Providing the pressure equalizing ring 1500 with a notch 1510 can not only save materials, but also prevent the arc ball 1211 from contacting the pressure equalizing ring 1500, ensuring the arcing effect of the arc ball 1211.
  • the pressure equalizing ring may not have a gap, as long as it is ensured that the curve ball does not come into contact with the pressure equalizing ring.
  • a pressure equalizing ring 1500, a connecting bracket 1600, a first arc rod 1212 and an arc ball 1211 are provided with respect to the first
  • the plane F1 is arranged symmetrically; the first slot fitting 1213 is arranged symmetrically with respect to the second plane F2, the first plane F1 and the second plane F2 are arranged perpendicularly, and the intersection line of the first plane F1 and the second plane F2 is with the intersection line of the voltage equalizing ring 1500
  • the central axis L1 coincides.
  • the first plane F1 and the second plane F2 are both parallel to the extension direction of the insulator 1100, thereby ensuring that the high-voltage end connecting fitting 1300 is exerted by the first slot fitting 1213.
  • the external force is uniform to prevent the high-voltage end connecting fitting 1300 from being deformed due to uneven stress, thereby extending the life of the high-voltage end connecting fitting 1300.
  • This application does not impose specific restrictions on the structure of the high-voltage end arc-drawing component 1210, as long as it can play an arc-drawing role.
  • the second arc rod 1221 is a multi-section bending structure, including multiple second arc sections 12211 that are smoothly connected in sequence.
  • This application does not limit the shape of the second stroke arc rod 1221.
  • the first and last two second stroke arc segments 12211 among multiple second stroke arc segments 12211 are at a certain angle (such as 45° or 90°, etc. )set up.
  • the number of second stroke arc segments 12211 is three.
  • the angle between two adjacent second stroke arc segments 12211 is an obtuse angle.
  • the angle between two adjacent second stroke arc segments 12211 is an obtuse angle.
  • the angles between the arc segments 12211 of the two moves are both 135°.
  • the surface of the second stroke arc section 12211 has been polished to a smooth surface.
  • one end of the second arc rod 1221 connected to the insulator 1100 is connected with a second slot fitting 1222.
  • the second slot fitting 1222 is used to connect the second arc rod 1221 to the insulator 1100.
  • the second slot fitting 1222 connects the second arc rod 1221 to the low-voltage end connecting fitting 1400.
  • One end of the low-voltage end connecting fitting 1400 is connected to the insulator. 1100 is connected, and the other end is connected to the second connecting fitting 1102, which is used to connect the tower body.
  • the specific structure of the low-voltage end connecting fitting 1400 please refer to the following.
  • the second card slot hardware 1222 may be a U-shaped card slot (as shown in FIG. 4 ) or an L-shaped card slot (as shown in FIG. 5 ), which is not limited here.
  • the surface of the second slot fitting 1222 is polished so that there are no sharp edges and corners.
  • both ends of the high-voltage end connection fitting 1300 are provided with second through holes 1301, so that locking parts such as bolts and rivets can be passed through the second through holes 1301 to connect the high-voltage end connection fitting 1300.
  • One end is connected to the insulator 1100, and the other end is connected to the first connecting fitting 1101.
  • the extension directions of the second through holes 1301 provided at both ends of the high-voltage end connecting fitting 1300 are different.
  • the extension directions of the second through holes 1301 at both ends of the high-voltage end connection fitting 1300 are arranged to be different, which facilitates the reversal of the high-voltage end connection fitting 1300 and makes the installation of the insulator 1100 more flexible.
  • the extension direction of the second through holes 1301 at both ends of the high-voltage end connection fitting 1300 is vertical.
  • extension directions of the second through holes at both ends of the high-voltage end connection fitting can also be the same.
  • the high-voltage end connecting fitting 1300 includes a first connecting plate 1310 and a first connecting lug 1320 .
  • the first connecting plate 1310 is provided with a second through hole 1301 and a third through hole 1302.
  • the second through hole 1301 and the third through hole 1302 on the first connecting plate 1310 extend in the same direction.
  • a locking member is used to pass through the third through hole 1302 to lock the second through hole 1301 and the third through hole 1302.
  • the high-voltage end connecting fitting 1300 is locked with the high-voltage end arc-drawing assembly 1210; the first connecting ear 1320 is connected to the first connecting plate 1310 and is provided with a second through hole 1301.
  • the number of the third perforation 1302 may be one (as shown in FIG. 2 , the third perforation 1302 is not shown in FIG. 2 due to the obstruction of the first card slot hardware 1213 ), or the number of the third perforation 1302 may be two (as shown in FIG. 7 ).
  • the corresponding first through hole 12132 can also be set to one (as shown in Figure 2) or two (as shown in Figure 3), which is not limited here.
  • the first connecting plate 1310 is connected to the first connecting fitting 1101 and the high-voltage end arc component 1210, and the first connecting ear 1320 is connected to the insulator 1100.
  • first connecting lug 1320 may be connected to the first connecting fitting 1101 and the high-voltage end arc component 1210, and the first connecting plate 1310 may be connected to the insulator 1100.
  • This application does not impose specific restrictions on the structure of the high-voltage end connecting fitting 1300, as long as it can connect the high-voltage end arc-generating assembly 1210 and the insulator 1100.
  • both ends of the low-voltage end connection fitting 1400 are provided with fourth through holes 1401, so that locking pieces can be passed through the fourth through holes 1401 to connect one end of the low-voltage end connection fitting 1400 to the insulator 1100.
  • the other end is connected to the second connecting fitting 1102; the fourth through holes 1401 provided at both ends of the low-voltage end connecting fitting 1400 extend in the same direction.
  • the extending directions of the fourth through holes 1401 at both ends of the low-voltage end connection fitting 1400 can also be different, as long as it can facilitate the connection of the insulator 1100, and there is no limitation here.
  • the low-voltage end connection fitting 1400 includes a second connecting plate 1410 and a slot fitting 1420 .
  • the second connecting plate 1410 is provided with a fourth through hole 1401 and a fifth through hole 1402 extending in the same direction as the fourth through hole 1401.
  • a locking member is used to pass through the fifth through hole 1402 to connect the low-voltage end fitting 1400 and the low-voltage end arc-generating assembly 1220.
  • Lock; the slot fitting 1420 is connected to the second connecting plate 1410, and is provided with a fourth through hole 1401 and a second slot 1403 for the second connecting fitting 1102 to be inserted.
  • the fourth through hole 1401 is used to connect the second connecting plate 1410 to the insulator 1100, and another locking member is used to pass through the fourth through hole 1401 on the slot fitting 1420 to connect the slot fitting 1420 with the third slot inserted into the second slot 1403.
  • the second connecting hardware is 1102 connected.
  • the number of fifth perforations 1402 may be one (as shown in Figure 4, in which the fifth perforations 1402 are not shown in Figure 4 due to the obstruction of the second card slot fitting 1222), or two (as shown in Figure 8) , there is no restriction here.
  • the second connecting plate 1410 is connected to the insulator 1100, and the slot fitting 1420 is connected to the second connecting fitting 1102.
  • the second connecting plate 1410 may be connected to the second connecting fitting 1102
  • the slot sub-fitting 1420 may be connected to the insulator 1100 .
  • This application does not place specific restrictions on the structure of the low-voltage end connecting fitting 1400, as long as it can connect the low-voltage end arc-generating assembly 1220 and the insulator 1100.
  • connection bracket 2600 connected to the high voltage end voltage equalizing ring 2510 set around the high voltage end of the insulator 2100 is not connected to the first slot fitting. 2213 connection.
  • the connection bracket 2600 is directly connected to the insulator 2100.
  • the first slot fitting 2213 is connected to the insulator 2100 through the high-voltage end connection fitting 2300.
  • the high-voltage end voltage equalizing ring 2510 and the high-voltage end need to be connected respectively.
  • the connecting fitting 2300 is connected to the insulator 2100, that is to say, the connection position of the first arc rod 2212 and the insulator 2100 is different from the connection position of the high-voltage end voltage equalizing ring 2510 and the insulator 2100.
  • a low-voltage end voltage equalizing ring 2520 is also set around the low-voltage end of the insulator 2100. Similar to the high-voltage end voltage equalizing ring 2510 set on the high-voltage end of the insulator 2100, the low-voltage end voltage equalizing ring 2520 set on the low-voltage end of the insulator 2100 can be connected to the low-voltage end arc striking assembly 2220, or not connected to the low-voltage end arc striking assembly 2220. The connection is not limited here.
  • the low-voltage end voltage equalizing ring 2520 is directly connected to the insulator 2100, and the low-voltage end arc-drawing component 2220 is connected to the insulator 2100 through the low-voltage end connection fitting 2400.
  • the number of pillar insulators 3110 is one and the number of cable-stayed insulators 3120 is three.
  • the three cable-stayed insulators 3120 two a cable-stayed The axis of the insulator 3120 is in the same plane as the axis of the pillar insulator 3110.
  • the two cable-stayed insulators 3120 whose axes are in the same plane as the axis of the pillar insulator 3110 are both defined as the first cable-stayed insulator 3120, and the remaining cable-stayed insulators 3120 are defined as the second cable-stayed insulator 3120.
  • the distance between the insulator 3120 and the two first inclined pull insulators 3120 is equal, and the angle between the two first inclined pull insulators 3120 ranges from 45° to 90°, for example, 45°, 60° or 90°.
  • the angle between the pull insulator 3120 and the pillar insulator 3110 ranges from 25° to 45°, for example, 25°, 30°, 35° or 45°.
  • the axes of the two cable-stayed insulators 3120 and the axes of the pillar insulators 3110 are arranged on the same plane, which can form a stable triangular structure between the composite cross arm 3000 and the transmission tower body, which can greatly improve the stability of the composite cross arm 3000. performance.
  • the three inclined-stayed insulators 3120 are all connected to arc striking devices 3200.
  • the arc striking device 3200 includes a high-voltage end arc striking assembly 3210 and a low-voltage end arc striking assembly 3220.
  • the high-voltage end arc striking assembly 3210 has the same structure as the high-voltage end arc striking assembly 1210 in the aforementioned embodiment
  • the low-voltage end arc striking assembly 3220 has the same structure as the aforementioned high-voltage end arc striking assembly 3220.
  • the structure of the low-voltage end arc striking component 1220 in the embodiment is the same, and the connection relationship between the high-voltage end arc striking component 3210 and the insulator 3100 is the same as the connection relationship between the high-voltage end arc striking component 1210 and the insulator 1100 in the aforementioned embodiment.
  • the connection relationship between the end arc component 3220 and the insulator 3100 is the same as the connection relationship between the low voltage end arc component 1220 and the insulator 1100 in the aforementioned embodiments.
  • a transmission tower 2000 includes a tower body 2100 and a composite cross-arm 2200 connected to the tower body 2100.
  • the composite cross-arms 2200 are arranged in three groups from bottom to top on the tower body 2100, of which three groups are composite cross-arms.
  • the structure of the cross arm 2200 is the same as that of the composite cross arm in any of the above embodiments. For details, please refer to the above embodiments and will not be described again here.

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种复合横担以及输电塔。该复合横担包括至少一个绝缘子(1100)以及与绝缘子(1100)连接的至少一个招弧装置(1200)，每个招弧装置(1200)均包括高压端招弧组件(1210)以及低压端招弧组件(1220)，高压端招弧组件(1210)与绝缘子(1100)的高压端连接，低压端招弧组件(1220)与绝缘子(1100)的低压端连接；至少一个招弧装置(1200)中存在第一招弧装置的高压端招弧组件(1210)与低压端招弧组件(1220)之间的电气间隙小于至少一个绝缘子(1100)中任意一个的高压端与低压端之间的电气间隙。本申请所提供的复合横担通过第一招弧装置保护所有的绝缘子(1100)，减少安全隐患。

Description

复合横担以及输电塔
交叉引用
本申请引用于2022年07月06日递交的名称为“复合横担以及输电塔”的第202210788989.1号中国专利申请，其通过引用被全部并入本申请。
技术领域
本申请涉及输电技术领域，特别是涉及一种复合横担以及输电塔。
背景技术
相关技术中，220kV以上等级的复合横担在运行过程中，容易发生过电压情况。而传统的复合横担安装的均压环只能起到均布电场的作用，当产生过电压的情况时(如雷击)，大电流会瞬间自绝缘子高压端的金具流向低压端的金具，烧蚀绝缘子，损坏金具，导致绝缘子掉串，产生线路安全隐患。
发明内容
基于此，有必要针对当产生过电压的情况时(如雷击)，大电流会瞬间自绝缘子高压端的金具流向低压端的金具，烧蚀绝缘子，损坏金具，导致绝缘子掉串，产生线路安全隐患的问题，提供一种复合横担以及输电塔，能够通过第一招弧装置保护所有的绝缘子，减少安全隐患。
本申请提供了一种复合横担，包括至少一个绝缘子以及与绝缘子连接的至少一个招弧装置，每个招弧装置均包括高压端招弧组件以及低压端招弧组件，高压端招弧组件与绝缘子的高压端连接，低压端招弧组件与绝缘子的低压端连接；至少一个招弧装置中存在第一招弧装置的高压端招弧组件与低压端招弧组件之间的电气间隙小于至少一个绝缘子中任意一个的高压端与低压端之间的电气间隙。
在本申请的技术方案中，上述复合横担设置第一招弧装置的高压端招弧组件与低压端招弧组件之间的电气间隙小于任意一个绝缘子的高压端与低压端之间的电气间隙，使得在过电压情况下，第一招弧装置的高压端招弧组件与低压端招弧组件之间的放电间隙最先被击穿，能够避免大电流自任意一个绝缘子的高压端流向低压端而灼烧绝缘子，从而保护所有的绝缘子，减少安全隐患。
在其中一个实施例中，至少一个绝缘子中伞套长度最短的绝缘子连接有第一招弧装置。
上述设置使得只要保证与第一绝缘子连接的招弧装置的高压端与低压端的电气间隙小于第一绝缘子的高压端与低压端的电气间隙，就能够保证与第一绝缘子连接的招弧装置的高压端与低压端的电气间隙小于所有绝缘子的高压端与低压端的电气间隙，可以提高安装效率。
在其中一个实施例中，高压端招弧组件包括招弧球以及第一招弧棒，第一招弧棒的一端与绝缘子连接，另一端与招弧球连接，招弧球作为高压端招弧组件的招弧端。
设置招弧球作为高压端招弧组件的招弧端，使得招弧球在起到招弧作用的同时，球状结构还能减少尖端放电现象，保证电场的均匀分布。
在其中一个实施例中，第一招弧棒为多段折弯结构，包括依次平滑连接的多段第一招弧段。
设置相邻的两段第一招弧段平滑连接，可以减少尖端放电，保证电场的均匀分布。
在其中一个实施例中，第一招弧棒与绝缘子连接的一端连接有第一卡槽金具，第一卡槽金具通过高压端连接金具将第一招弧棒与绝缘子连接。
设置第一招弧棒通过第一卡槽金具、高压端连接金具与绝缘子连接，可以保证第一招弧棒与绝缘子的连接强度以及安装的便利性。
在其中一个实施例中，第一卡槽金具设有供高压端连接金具插入的第一卡槽，同时第一卡槽金具还设有第一穿孔，以利用锁紧件穿过第一穿孔将第一卡槽金具与高压端连接金具锁紧。
设置第一卡槽金具设有第一卡槽以及第一穿孔，使得直接可以利用锁紧件穿过第一穿孔而将第一卡槽金具与插入第一卡槽的高压端连接金具锁紧，既可以保证安装的便利性，也可以保证安装的强度。
在其中一个实施例中，绝缘子的高压端的外围套设有均压环，均压环通过连接支架与第一卡槽金具连接。
在绝缘子高压端的外围套设均压环，可以保证绝缘子高压端的电场均匀分布，同时设置均压环通过连接支架与第一卡槽金具连接，使得在安装时，只要将第一卡槽金具与绝缘子连接，就能够实现高压端招弧组件和均压环的安装，进而提高安装效率。
其中，均压环设有缺口，第一卡槽金具与均压环在与绝缘子延伸方向平行的第一方向上间隔设置，第一招弧棒不与第一卡槽金具连接的一端在缺口处向背离均压环的方向弯折而与招弧球连接。
上述设置既可以节省材料，降低成本，也可以保证均压环与招弧球之间的间距，避免均压环与招弧球接触，保证招弧球的招弧作用。
在其中一个实施例中，均压环、连接支架、第一招弧棒以及招弧球均关于第一平面对称设置；第一卡槽金具关于第二平面对称设置，第一平面与第二平面垂直设置，且第一平面与第二平面的相交线与均压环的中轴线重合。
上述设置可以保证高压端连接金具受到第一卡槽金具施加的外力均匀，避免高压端连接金具因为受力不均而发生变形，从而可以延长高压端连接金具的寿命。
在其中一个实施例中，绝缘子的高压端外围套设有高压端均压环，高压端均压环通过连接支架直接与绝缘子连接。
在其中一个实施例中，低压端招弧组件包括第二招弧棒，第二招弧棒的一端与绝缘子连接，另一端作为低压端招弧组件的招弧端。
设置第二招弧棒的自由端作为低压端招弧组件的招弧端，可以在保证招弧作用的同时，降低成本。
在其中一个实施例中，第二招弧棒为多段折弯结构，包括依次平滑连接的多段第二招弧段。
设置相邻的两段第二招弧段平滑连接，可以减少尖端放电，保证电场的均匀分布。
在其中一个实施例中，多段第二招弧段中的首尾两段第二招弧段呈一定角度设置。
在其中一个实施例中，第二招弧棒与绝缘子连接的一端连接有第二卡槽金具，第二卡槽金具用于将第二招弧棒与绝缘子连接。
设置第二招弧棒通过第二卡槽金具与绝缘子连接，可以保证第二招弧棒与绝缘子的连接强度。
在其中一个实施例中，复合横担还包括：高压端连接金具，一端与绝缘子连接，另一端用于与第一连接金具连接；同时高压端连接金具还与高压端招弧组件连接，高压端连接金具的两端均设有第二穿孔，以分别利用锁紧件穿过第二穿孔而将高压端连接金具的一端与绝缘子连接，另一端与第一连接金具连接；高压端连接金具两端设有的第二穿孔的延伸方向不同。
设置高压端连接金具两端的第二穿孔的延伸方向不同，便于高压端连接金具换向，使绝缘子的安装更加灵活。
在其中一个实施例中，高压端连接金具包括相互连接的第一连接板以及第一连接耳，第一连接板设有第二穿孔，以使高压端连接金具能够与第一连接金具连接，第一连接耳设有第二穿孔，以使高压端连接金具能够与绝缘子连接，第一连接板还设有第三穿孔，以使高压端连接金具能够与高压端招弧组件连接。
在其中一个实施例中，复合横担还包括：低压端连接金具，低压端连接金具的两端均设有第四穿孔，以分别利用锁紧件穿过第四穿孔而将低压端连接金具的一端与绝缘子连接，另一端与第二连接金具连接；低压端连接金具两端设有的第四穿孔的延伸方向相同。
在其中一个实施例中，低压端连接金具包括相互连接的第二连接板以及卡槽子金具，第二连接板设有第四穿孔，以使低压端连接金具能够与绝缘子连接，卡槽子金具设有第四穿孔，以使低压端连接金具能够与第二连接金具连接，第二连接板还设有第五穿孔，以使低压端连接金具能够与低压端招弧组件连接。
在其中一个实施例中，至少一个绝缘子包括支柱绝缘子和斜拉绝缘子；支柱绝缘子以及斜拉绝缘子的数量均为两个，或者，支柱绝缘子的数量为一个，斜拉绝缘子的数量为三个。
本申请还提供一种输电塔，包括塔身以及与塔身连接的如上述所述的复合横担。
本申请的复合横担设置至少一个招弧装置中存在一个第一招弧装置的高压端招弧组件与低压端招弧组件之间的电气间隙，小于所有绝缘子的高压端与低压端之间的电气间隙，从而在过电压情况下，第一招弧装置的高压端招弧组件与低压端招弧组件之间的放电间隙最先被击穿，能够避免大电流自任意一个绝缘子的高压端流向低压端而灼烧绝缘子，从而保护所有的绝缘子，减少安全隐患。
同时设置至少一个绝缘子中伞套长度最短的绝缘子连接有第一招弧装置，使得只要保证与伞套长度最短的第一绝缘子连接的招弧装置的高压端与低压端的电气间隙小于第一绝缘子的高压端与低压端的电气间隙，就能够保证与第一绝缘子连接的招弧装置的高压端与低压端的电气间隙小于所有绝缘子的高压端与低压端的电气间隙，方便安装。
另外本申请还设置招弧球作为高压端招弧组件的招弧端，在保证招弧作用的同时，还能够减少尖端放电的现象，保证电场的均匀分布，另外设置第一招弧棒的自由端作为低压招弧组件的招弧端，在保证招弧作用的同时，能够降低设备成本。
本申请的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本申请的其他特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
通过阅读对下文优选实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。同时，为了更好地描述和说明这里公开的那些发明的实施例和/或示例，可以参考一幅或多幅附图。用于描述附图的附加细节或示例不应当被认为是对所公开的发明、目前描述的实施例和/或示例以及目前理解的这些发明的最佳模式中的任何一者的范围限制。
图1为根据一个或多个实施例提供的复合横担的结构示意图。
图2是图1中A处的放大示意图。
图3是图2中招弧球、第一招弧棒、第一卡槽金具、连接支架以及均压环的结构示意图。
图4是图1中B处的放大示意图。
图5是图4中第二招弧棒与第二卡槽金具在另一应用场景中的结构示意图。
图6是图3结构的俯视图。
图7是图2中高压端连接金具的结构示意图。
图8是图4中低压端连接金具的结构示意图。
图9为根据另一个或另多个实施例提供的复合横担的结构示意图。
图10是图9中C处的放大示意图。
图11是图9中D处的放大示意图。
图12为根据又一个或又多个实施例提供的复合横担的结构示意图。
图13是图12中的复合横担处于另一视角时的结构示意图。
图14为根据一个或多个实施例提供的输电塔的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性的劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
参阅图1，在本申请一实施方式中，复合横担1000包括至少一个绝缘子1100以及至少一个招弧装置1200。
当复合横担1000仅包括一个绝缘子1100，绝缘子1100的一端用于与输电塔的塔身连接，另一端作为复合横担1000用于挂设输电线的端部。当复合横担1000包括多个绝缘子1100，多个绝缘子1100的一端用于与输电塔的塔身连接，另一端通过第一连接金具1101连接在一起而形成复合横担1000用于挂设输电线的端部。绝缘子1100与塔身连接的一端为低压端，另一端为高压端，即绝缘子1100用于挂设输电线的端部为高压端。
如图1所示，当绝缘子1100的数量为多个时，多个绝缘子1100可以包括支柱绝缘子1110以及斜拉绝缘子1120，支柱绝缘子1110以及斜拉绝缘子1120的一端用于与输电塔的塔身连接，另一端通过第一连接金具1101连接在一起而形成复合横担1000用于挂设输电线的端部。
本申请对支柱绝缘子1110、斜拉绝缘子1120的数量不作限制，支柱绝缘子1110、斜拉绝缘子1120的数量可以是一个，也可以是多个。例如在图1中，支柱绝缘子1110、斜拉绝缘子1120的数量均为两个。两个支柱绝缘子1110以及两个斜拉绝缘子1120的一端均与输电塔的塔身连接，另一端连接在一起而形成复合横担1000用于挂设输电线的端部，两个斜拉绝缘子1120位于两个支柱绝缘子1110的同一侧且分别邻近两个支柱绝缘子1110设置，同时两个支柱绝缘子1110之间的夹角范围为20°～50°，例如，20°、30°、40°、45°或者50°，支柱绝缘子1110与邻近的斜拉绝缘子1120之间的夹角范围为15°～45°，例如，15°、30°或者45°。两个支柱绝缘子1110以及两个斜拉绝缘子1120的设置使得复合横担1000与输电塔的塔身之间呈稳定的三角结构，能够极大地提高复合横担1000的稳定性能。
两个支柱绝缘子1110的安装高度相同，两个斜拉绝缘子1120的安装高度相同，同时两个斜拉绝缘子1120均位于两个支柱绝缘子1110的上方。且两个支柱绝缘子1110与邻近的斜拉绝缘子1120之间的角度相等，即复合横担1000为对称结构，以保证复合横担1000受力均匀，但是本申请并不限制于此，例如在其他实施方式中，一个支柱绝缘子1110与邻近的斜拉绝缘子1120之间的角度为20°，另一个支柱绝缘子1110与邻近的斜拉绝缘子1120之间的角度为45°。
至少一个招弧装置1200与至少一个绝缘子1100连接。一个招弧装置1200可以与同一个绝缘子1100连接，也可以与不同的绝缘子1100连接，只要招弧装置1200的招弧组件分别位于绝缘子1100的高压端和低压端即可。以下均以一个招弧装置1200与同一个绝缘子1100连接进行说明。
每个招弧装置1200均包括高压端招弧组件1210以及低压端招弧组件1220。高压端招弧组件1210与绝缘子1100的高压端连接，低压端招弧组件1220与绝缘子1100的低压端连接。
在所有招弧装置1200中，至少存在一个招弧装置1200的高压端招弧组件1210与低压端招弧组件1220之间的电气间隙，小于至少一个绝缘子1100中任意一个的高压端与低压端之间的电气间隙，也即小于复合横担1000上所有绝缘子1100的高压端与低压端之间的电气间隙。为了便于说明，下面引出第一招弧装置1200的定义：如果一个招弧装置1200的高压端招弧组件1210与低压端招弧组件1220之间的电气间隙，小于至少一个绝缘子1100中任意一个的高压端与低压端之间的电气间隙，则将该招弧装置1200定义为第一招弧装置1200。
即在所有的招弧装置1200中，至少存在一个第一招弧装置1200，其高压端招弧组件1210与低压端招弧组件1220之间的电气间隙，小于所有绝缘子1100的高压端与低压端之间的电气间隙，从而在过电压情况下，例如在遭受雷击时，第一招弧装置1200的高压端招弧组件1210与低压端招弧组件1220之间的放电间隙最先被击穿，能够避免大电流自任意一个绝缘子1100的高压端流向低压端而灼烧绝缘子1100，从而保护所有的绝缘子1100，减少安全隐患。
其中，既可以是支柱绝缘子1110与第一招弧装置1200连接，也可以是斜拉绝缘子1120与第一招弧装置1200连接。
对于绝缘子1100而言，其高压端与低压端之间的电气间隙等于绝缘子1100伞套的长度，即绝缘子1100两端的金属附件相互靠近的端部之间的最短距离，为了方便安装，本实施 方式设置所有绝缘子1100中伞套长度最短的绝缘子1100连接有第一招弧装置1200。为了便于说明，将所有绝缘子1100中伞套长度最短的绝缘子1100定义为第一绝缘子1100。
在安装招弧装置1200时，只要保证与第一绝缘子1100连接的招弧装置1200的高压端与低压端的电气间隙小于第一绝缘子1100的高压端与低压端的电气间隙，就能够保证与第一绝缘子1100连接的招弧装置1200的高压端与低压端的电气间隙小于所有绝缘子1100的高压端与低压端的电气间隙，从而在安装时，只要保证与第一绝缘子1100连接的高压端招弧组件1210的招弧端与低压端招弧组件1220的招弧端之间的距离小于第一绝缘子1100的伞套长度即可，可以保证安装的效率。
为了加强至少一个招弧装置1200对绝缘子1100的保护作用，设置每一个招弧装置1200的高压端招弧组件1210与低压端招弧组件1220之间的电气间隙均小于所有绝缘子1100的高压端与低压端之间的电气间隙。即所有的招弧装置1200均是第一招弧装置1200。
斜拉绝缘子1120的伞套长度小于支柱绝缘子1110的伞套长度，即斜拉绝缘子1120的高压端与低压端的电气间隙小于支柱绝缘子1110的高压端与低压端的电气间隙，在遭受到雷击时，斜拉绝缘子1120先于支柱绝缘子1110被击中，因此为了保护斜拉绝缘子1120，如图1所示，设置斜拉绝缘子1120与第一招弧装置1200连接。
结合图1-图3，高压端招弧组件1210包括招弧球1211以及第一招弧棒1212，第一招弧棒1212的一端与绝缘子1100连接，另一端与招弧球1211连接，招弧球1211作为高压端招弧组件1210的招弧端。
考虑到绝缘子1100高压端的电场强度大，设置招弧球1211作为高压端招弧组件1210的招弧端，可以保证在起到招弧作用的同时，球状结构还能减少尖端放电现象，保证电场的均匀分布。
结合图1、图4以及图5，低压端招弧组件1220包括第二招弧棒1221，第二招弧棒1221的一端与绝缘子1100连接，另一端作为低压端招弧组件1220的招弧端。
考虑到绝缘子1100低压端的电场强度小，为了降低设备成本，设置低压端招弧组件1220的招弧端只需要起到招弧的作用即可，因此将第二招弧棒1221不与绝缘子1100连接的自由端作为低压端招弧组件1220的招弧端。
在其他实施方式中，在不考虑成本的情况下，也可以设置低压端招弧组件与高压端招弧组件1210一样，均利用招弧球作为招弧端。
继续参阅图1-图3，在一应用场景中，第一招弧棒1212与绝缘子1100连接的一端连接有第一卡槽金具1213，第一卡槽金具1213通过高压端连接金具1300将第一招弧棒1212与绝缘子1100连接。
上述设置可以保证第一招弧棒1212与绝缘子1100的连接强度以及安装的便利性。
第一卡槽金具1213形成有供高压端连接金具1300插入的第一卡槽12131，第一卡槽金具1213设有第一穿孔12132，以利用例如螺栓、铆钉等锁紧件穿过第一穿孔12132将第一卡槽金具1213与高压端连接金具1300锁紧。为了减少尖端放电，第一卡槽金具1213的表面经过打磨，是光滑的表面，不存在尖锐的棱角。
设置第一卡槽金具1213设有第一卡槽12131以及第一穿孔12132，使得直接可以利用锁紧件穿过第一穿孔12132而将第一卡槽金具1213与插入第一卡槽12131的高压端连接金具1300锁紧，既可以保证安装的便利性，也可以保证安装的强度。
高压端连接金具1300的一端与绝缘子1100连接，另一端与第一连接金具1101连接。关于高压端连接金具1300的具体结构可参见下文。
第一招弧棒1212为多段折弯结构，包括依次连接的多段第一招弧段12121，为了减少尖端放电现象，保证电场的均匀分布，多段第一招弧段12121依次平滑连接。
为了进一步减少尖端放电现象，保证电场的均匀分布，第一招弧棒1212的整个表面是光滑的表面。即第一招弧棒1212的表面经过打磨，避免尖锐的棱角产生。
为了均匀绝缘子1100高压端的电场，绝缘子1100高压端的外围还要设有均压环1500。同时为了提高安装效率，设置均压环1500通过连接支架1600与第一卡槽金具1213连接，从而在安装时，只要将第一卡槽金具1213与绝缘子1100连接，就能够同时安装第一招弧棒1212与均压环1500。
第一卡槽金具1213与均压环1500沿着与绝缘子1100延伸方向平行的第一方向Q1间隔设置，同时均压环1500设有缺口1510，第一招弧棒1212不与第一卡槽金具1213连接的一端在缺口1510处向背离均压环1500的方向弯折而与招弧球1211连接。
设置均压环1500具有缺口1510，既可以节省材料，也可以避免招弧球1211与均压环1500接触，保证招弧球1211的招弧作用。
在其他实施方式中，均压环也可以不具有缺口，只要保证招弧球与均压环不接触即可。
结合图3以及图6，在本实施方式中，为了保证第一卡槽金具1213受力均匀，设置均压环1500、连接支架1600、第一招弧棒1212以及招弧球1211均关于第一平面F1对称设置；第一卡槽金具1213关于第二平面F2对称设置，第一平面F1与第二平面F2垂直设置，且第一平面F1与第二平面F2的相交线与均压环1500的中轴线L1重合。当第一卡槽金具1213与高压端连接金具1300连接后，第一平面F1、第二平面F2均与绝缘子1100的延伸方向平行，从而可以保证高压端连接金具1300受到第一卡槽金具1213施加的外力均匀，避免高压端连接金具1300因为受力不均而发生变形，从而可以延长高压端连接金具1300的寿命。本申请对高压端招弧组件1210的结构不作具体限制，只要其能够起到招弧作用即可。
继续参阅图1、图4和图5，在本实施方式中，第二招弧棒1221为多段折弯结构，包括依次平滑连接的多段第二招弧段12211。
设置相邻的两个第二招弧段12211平滑连接，可以避免尖端放电现象，从而保证电场的均匀性。
本申请对第二招弧棒1221的形状不作限制，例如在一应用场景中，多段第二招弧段12211中的首尾两段第二招弧段12211呈一定角度(例如45°或者90°等)设置。
在一应用场景中，如图5所示，第二招弧段12211的数量为三个，此时相邻两段第二招弧段12211之间的夹角为钝角，例如相邻两段第二招弧段12211之间的夹角均为135°。
为了进一步避免尖端放电现象，第二招弧段12211的表面经过打磨，是光滑的表面。
为了保证第二招弧棒1221与绝缘子1100的连接强度以及便于安装第二招弧棒1221，第二招弧棒1221与绝缘子1100连接的一端连接有第二卡槽金具1222，第二卡槽金具1222用于将第二招弧棒1221与绝缘子1100连接，具体而言，第二卡槽金具1222将第二招弧棒1221与低压端连接金具1400连接，该低压端连接金具1400的一端与绝缘子1100连接，另一端与第二连接金具1102连接，该第二连接金具1102用于连接塔身。关于低压端连接金具1400的具体结构可参见下文。
第二卡槽金具1222既可以是U型卡槽(如图4所示)，也可以是L型卡槽(如图5所示)，在此不作限制。
同样为了减少尖端放电，第二卡槽金具1222的表面经过打磨，不存在尖锐的棱角。
结合图1、图2和图7，高压端连接金具1300的两端均设有第二穿孔1301，以分别利用例如螺栓、铆钉等锁紧件穿过第二穿孔1301而将高压端连接金具1300的一端与绝缘子1100连接，另一端与第一连接金具1101连接，同时高压端连接金具1300两端设有的第二穿孔1301的延伸方向不同。
设置高压端连接金具1300两端的第二穿孔1301的延伸方向不同，便于高压端连接金具1300换向，使绝缘子1100的安装更灵活。
在一应用场景中，如图7所示，高压端连接金具1300两端的第二穿孔1301的延伸方向垂直。
当然在其他实施方式中，高压端连接金具两端的第二穿孔的延伸方向也可以相同。
继续参阅图1、图2、图3和图7，高压端连接金具1300包括第一连接板1310以及第一连接耳1320。
第一连接板1310设有第二穿孔1301以及第三穿孔1302，第一连接板1310上的第二穿孔1301以及第三穿孔1302的延伸方向相同，利用锁紧件穿过第三穿孔1302而将高压端连接金具1300与高压端招弧组件1210锁紧；第一连接耳1320与第一连接板1310连接，设有第二穿孔1301。
利用一个锁紧件穿过第三穿孔1302和第一卡槽金具1213上的第一穿孔12132而将高压端招弧组件1210与高压端连接金具1300锁紧；利用另一个锁紧件穿过第一连接板1310上 的第二穿孔1301而将第一连接板1310与第一连接金具1101连接，利用又一个锁紧件穿过第一连接耳1320上的第二穿孔1301而将高压端招弧组件1210与绝缘子1100连接。
第三穿孔1302可以设置为一个(如图2所示，图2中因为第一卡槽金具1213的遮挡，第三穿孔1302未示出)，也可以设置为两个(如图7所示)，对应的第一穿孔12132也可以设置为一个(如图2所示)或者两个(如图3所示)，在此不作限制。
也就是说，第一连接板1310与第一连接金具1101以及高压端招弧组件1210连接，第一连接耳1320与绝缘子1100连接。
当然在其他实施方式中，也可以是第一连接耳1320与第一连接金具1101以及高压端招弧组件1210连接，第一连接板1310与绝缘子1100连接。
本申请对高压端连接金具1300的结构不作具体限制，只要其能够将高压端招弧组件1210与绝缘子1100连接即可。
参阅图1、图4以及图8，低压端连接金具1400的两端均设有第四穿孔1401，以分别利用锁紧件穿过第四穿孔1401而将低压端连接金具1400的一端与绝缘子1100连接，另一端与第二连接金具1102连接；低压端连接金具1400两端设有的第四穿孔1401的延伸方向相同。
当然在其他实施方式中，低压端连接金具1400两端的第四穿孔1401的延伸方向也可以不同，只要能够便于绝缘子1100的连接即可，在此不作限制。
继续参阅图1、图4以及图8，低压端连接金具1400包括第二连接板1410以及卡槽子金具1420。
第二连接板1410设有第四穿孔1401以及延伸方向与第四穿孔1401相同的第五穿孔1402，利用锁紧件穿过第五穿孔1402而将低压端连接金具1400与低压端招弧组件1220锁紧；卡槽子金具1420与第二连接板1410连接，设有第四穿孔1401以及供第二连接金具1102插入的第二卡槽1403。
利用一个锁紧件穿过第五穿孔1402和第二卡槽金具1222而将低压端招弧组件1220与低压端连接金具1400锁紧；利用另一个锁紧件穿过第二连接板1410上的第四穿孔1401而将第二连接板1410与绝缘子1100连接，利用又一个锁紧件穿过卡槽子金具1420上的第四穿孔1401而将卡槽子金具1420与插入第二卡槽1403中的第二连接金具1102连接。
第五穿孔1402可以设置为一个(如图4所示，图4中因为第二卡槽金具1222的遮挡，第五穿孔1402未示出)，也可以设置为两个(如图8所示)，在此不作限制。
也就是说，第二连接板1410与绝缘子1100连接，卡槽子金具1420与第二连接金具1102连接。
当然在其他实施方式中，也可以是第二连接板1410与第二连接金具1102连接，卡槽子金具1420与绝缘子1100连接。
本申请对低压端连接金具1400的结构不作具体限制，只要其能够将低压端招弧组件1220与绝缘子1100连接即可。
参阅图9和图10，与上述实施方式不同的是，在本实施方式中，与套设在绝缘子2100的高压端外围的高压端均压环2510连接的连接支架2600不与第一卡槽金具2213连接，此时连接支架2600直接与绝缘子2100连接，第一卡槽金具2213通过高压端连接金具2300与绝缘子2100连接，此时在组装过程中，需要分别将高压端均压环2510、高压端连接金具2300与绝缘子2100连接，也就是说，第一招弧棒2212与绝缘子2100的连接位置，和高压端均压环2510与绝缘子2100的连接位置不同。
同时参阅图9和图11，为了均匀绝缘子2100低压端的电场，绝缘子2100的低压端的外围也套设有低压端均压环2520。与套设在绝缘子2100高压端的高压端均压环2510类似，套设在绝缘子2100低压端的低压端均压环2520既可以与低压端招弧组件2220连接，也可以不与低压端招弧组件2220连接，在此不作限制，例如在图11应用场景中，低压端均压环2520直接与绝缘子2100连接，而低压端招弧组件2220通过低压端连接金具2400与绝缘子2100连接。
参阅图12和图13，与上述实施方式不同的是，在本实施方式中，支柱绝缘子3110的数量为一个，斜拉绝缘子3120的数量为三个，其中在三个斜拉绝缘子3120中，两个斜拉 绝缘子3120的轴线与支柱绝缘子3110的轴线处于同一平面。
此时，将轴线与支柱绝缘子3110的轴线处于同一平面的两个斜拉绝缘子3120均定义为第一斜拉绝缘子3120，剩余的斜拉绝缘子3120定义为第二斜拉绝缘子3120，第二斜拉绝缘子3120到两个第一斜拉绝缘子3120的距离相等，且两个第一斜拉绝缘子3120之间的角度范围为45°～90°，例如，45°、60°或者90°，第二斜拉绝缘子3120与支柱绝缘子3110之间的角度范围为25°～45°，例如，25°、30°、35°或者45°。
上述设置两个斜拉绝缘子3120的轴线与支柱绝缘子3110的轴线处于同一平面，能够使复合横担3000与输电塔的塔身之间形成稳定的三角结构，能够极大地提高复合横担3000的稳定性能。
在本实施方式中，三个斜拉绝缘子3120均连接有招弧装置3200。其中，招弧装置3200包括高压端招弧组件3210以及低压端招弧组件3220，高压端招弧组件3210与前述实施方式中的高压端招弧组件1210结构相同，低压端招弧组件3220与前述实施方式中的低压端招弧组件1220结构相同，同时高压端招弧组件3210与绝缘子3100之间的连接关系和前述实施方式中高压端招弧组件1210与绝缘子1100之间的连接关系相同，低压端招弧组件3220与绝缘子3100之间的连接关系和前述实施方式中低压端招弧组件1220与绝缘子1100之间的连接关系相同，具体可参见上述实施方式，在此不再赘述。
参阅图14，在一实施方式中，输电塔2000包括塔身2100以及与塔身2100连接的复合横担2200，复合横担2200在塔身2100上由下至上依次设置三组，其中三组复合横担2200均与上述任一项实施方式中的复合横担结构相同，具体可以参见上述实施方式，在此不再赘述。
以上所述仅为本申请的实施方式，并非因此限制本申请的专利范围，凡是利用本申请说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种复合横担，其中，所述复合横担包括至少一个绝缘子以及与所述绝缘子连接的至少一个招弧装置，每个所述招弧装置均包括高压端招弧组件以及低压端招弧组件，所述高压端招弧组件与所述绝缘子的高压端连接，所述低压端招弧组件与所述绝缘子的低压端连接；
    至少一个所述招弧装置中存在第一招弧装置的所述高压端招弧组件与所述低压端招弧组件之间的电气间隙小于至少一个所述绝缘子中任意一个的所述高压端与所述低压端之间的电气间隙。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的复合横担，其中，至少一个所述绝缘子中伞套长度最短的所述绝缘子连接有所述第一招弧装置。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的复合横担，其中，所述高压端招弧组件包括招弧球以及第一招弧棒，所述第一招弧棒的一端与所述绝缘子连接，另一端与所述招弧球连接，所述招弧球作为所述高压端招弧组件的招弧端。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的复合横担，其中，所述第一招弧棒为多段折弯结构，包括依次平滑连接的多段第一招弧段。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的复合横担，其中，所述第一招弧棒与所述绝缘子连接的一端连接有第一卡槽金具，所述第一卡槽金具通过高压端连接金具将所述第一招弧棒与所述绝缘子连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的复合横担，其中，所述第一卡槽金具设有供所述高压端连接金具插入的第一卡槽，同时所述第一卡槽金具还设有第一穿孔，以利用锁紧件穿过所述第一穿孔将所述第一卡槽金具与所述高压端连接金具锁紧。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的复合横担，其中，所述绝缘子的高压端的外围套设有均压环，所述均压环通过连接支架与所述第一卡槽金具连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的复合横担，其中，所述均压环设有缺口，所述第一卡槽金具与所述均压环在与所述绝缘子延伸方向平行的第一方向上间隔设置，所述第一招弧棒不与所述第一卡槽金具连接的一端在所述缺口处向背离所述均压环的方向弯折而与所述招弧球连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的复合横担，其中，所述均压环、所述连接支架、所述第一招弧棒以及所述招弧球均关于第一平面对称设置；
    所述第一卡槽金具关于第二平面对称设置，所述第一平面与所述第二平面垂直设置，且所述第一平面与所述第二平面的相交线与所述均压环的中轴线重合。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的复合横担，其中，所述绝缘子的高压端外围套设有高压端均压环，所述高压端均压环通过连接支架直接与所述绝缘子连接。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的复合横担，其中，所述低压端招弧组件包括第二招弧棒，所述第二招弧棒的一端与所述绝缘子连接，另一端作为所述低压端招弧组件的招弧端。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的复合横担，其中，所述第二招弧棒为多段折弯结构，包括依次平滑连接的多段第二招弧段。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的复合横担，其中，多段所述第二招弧段中的首尾两段所述第二招弧段呈一定角度设置。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的复合横担，其中，所述第二招弧棒与所述绝缘子连接的一端连接有第二卡槽金具，所述第二卡槽金具用于将所述第二招弧棒与所述绝缘子连接。
  15. 根据权利要求1-14任一项所述的复合横担，其中，所述复合横担还包括：
    高压端连接金具，一端与所述绝缘子连接，另一端用于与第一连接金具连接；同时所述高压端连接金具还与所述高压端招弧组件连接，所述高压端连接金具的两端均设有第二穿孔，以分别利用锁紧件穿过所述第二穿孔而将所述高压端连接金具的所述一端与所述绝缘子连接，所述另一端与所述第一连接金具连接；所述高压端连接金具两端设有的所述第二穿孔的延伸方向不同。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的复合横担，其中，所述高压端连接金具包括相互连接的第一连接板以及第一连接耳，所述第一连接板设有所述第二穿孔，以使所述高压端连接金具能够与所述第一连接金具连接，所述第一连接耳设有所述第二穿孔，以使所述高压端连接金具能够与所述绝缘子连接，所述第一连接板还设有第三穿孔，以使所述高压端连接金具能够与所述高压端招弧组件连接。
  17. 根据权利要求1-16任一项所述的复合横担，其中，所述复合横担还包括：
    低压端连接金具，所述低压端连接金具的两端均设有第四穿孔，以分别利用锁紧件穿过所述第四穿孔而将所述低压端连接金具的一端与所述绝缘子连接，另一端与第二连接金具连接；所述低压端连接金具两端设有的所述第四穿孔的延伸方向相同。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的复合横担，其中，所述低压端连接金具包括相互连接的第二连接板以及卡槽子金具，所述第二连接板设有所述第四穿孔，以使所述低压端连接金具能够与所述绝缘子连接，所述卡槽子金具设有所述第四穿孔，以使所述低压端连接金具能够与所述第二连接金具连接，所述第二连接板还设有第五穿孔，以使所述低压端连接金具能够与所述低压端招弧组件连接。
  19. 根据权利要求1-18任一项所述的复合横担，其中，至少一个所述绝缘子包括支柱绝缘子和斜拉绝缘子；
    所述支柱绝缘子以及所述斜拉绝缘子的数量均为两个，
    或者，
    所述支柱绝缘子的数量为一个，所述斜拉绝缘子的数量为三个。
  20. 一种输电塔，其中，所述输电塔包括塔身以及与所述塔身连接的如权利要求1至19任一项所述的复合横担。
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