WO2024008022A1 - 一种非地面网络的通信方法、装置及系统 - Google Patents

一种非地面网络的通信方法、装置及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024008022A1
WO2024008022A1 PCT/CN2023/105245 CN2023105245W WO2024008022A1 WO 2024008022 A1 WO2024008022 A1 WO 2024008022A1 CN 2023105245 W CN2023105245 W CN 2023105245W WO 2024008022 A1 WO2024008022 A1 WO 2024008022A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
terminal
cell
satellite
information
coverage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/105245
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
樊亮亮
徐海博
薛丽霞
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202210957934.9A external-priority patent/CN117411533A/zh
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to JP2024576951A priority Critical patent/JP2025523569A/ja
Priority to EP23834789.2A priority patent/EP4539355A4/en
Publication of WO2024008022A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024008022A1/zh
Priority to MX2024016001A priority patent/MX2024016001A/es
Priority to US19/006,455 priority patent/US20250133461A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/004—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay
    • H04W56/0045—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay compensating for timing error by altering transmission time
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/08—Reselecting an access point
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
    • H04B7/18513—Transmission in a satellite or space-based system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
    • H04B7/18539—Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection
    • H04B7/18541—Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection for handover of resources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/32—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data
    • H04W36/322—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data by location data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/001—Synchronization between nodes
    • H04W56/0015—Synchronization between nodes one node acting as a reference for the others

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of non-terrestrial network communication, and in particular, to a communication method, device and system.
  • Non-Terrestrial Networks refers to networks or network segments that use radio frequencies onboard satellites (unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) platforms). Satellite communications have the advantages of wide coverage area, long communication distance, high reliability, flexibility and high throughput. They are not affected by geographical environment, climatic conditions and natural disasters. They have been widely used in aviation communications, maritime communications, military communications, etc. field. Introducing satellites into the future fifth-generation mobile network (5th-Generation, 5G) can provide communication services for areas that are difficult to cover by ground networks, such as oceans and forests, and can enhance the reliability of 5G communications, such as for trains and airplanes. As well as providing more stable and better communication services to users on these vehicles, it can also provide more data transmission resources and support a greater number of connections.
  • 5th-Generation 5th-Generation
  • each satellite When satellites provide services to cells, each satellite will cover one or more cells on the ground. Since satellites are mobile, as the satellites move, the coverage range of the satellites on the ground may be different at different times. However, usually, the cell to which the terminal accesses remains unchanged for a period of time. Due to the movement of the old satellite, when the old satellite can no longer provide services for a certain physical area (such as a cell), the new satellite will provide services. Serve. Generally speaking, services are provided by other satellites in the same orbit. Due to the spacing between the satellites, the distance between the two satellites is relatively large.
  • the coverage area of the cell served by the new satellite on the ground may also be different from the coverage area of the cell served by the old satellite on the ground. Therefore, when the old and new satellites alternate, how to It is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently to allow the terminal to sense whether it is within the coverage of the new satellite service cell on the ground, so as to be more conducive to the NTN communication system.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, device and system to realize how to trigger a terminal to sense whether a cell served by the new satellite is on the ground when the old and new satellites alternate and the cell identities served by the new satellite and the old satellite are the same. within the coverage range to ensure normal subsequent communication of the terminal.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, including: a terminal receiving a first message from a first network device.
  • the first message is used to indicate that the satellite providing service for the first cell is updated from the first satellite to the second satellite.
  • the first cell is a cell accessed by the terminal, the first network device corresponds to the first satellite, the first message includes first information, and the first information is used to determine the ground coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite.
  • the terminal determines whether the terminal is within the coverage or outside the coverage based on the location of the terminal and the coverage of the second cell on the ground, where the first cell and the second cell have the same cell identity.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method.
  • the first network device passes to The terminal sends the first message. Since the first message is used to instruct the terminal to update the satellite serving the first cell from the first satellite to the second satellite, the terminal can sense that the satellite covering the first cell has changed. Variety.
  • the second satellite serves the second cell. The first cell and the second cell have the same cell identity.
  • the coverage of the first cell and the second cell on the ground is The range is possible because the terminal may be located outside the coverage area of the second cell on the ground, or it may be located within the coverage area of the second cell on the ground. Therefore, in order to prevent the terminal from being unable to Normal access to the second cell results in communication interruption.
  • the first network device sends information about the ground coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite to the terminal. This facilitates the terminal to determine the location of the second cell based on the terminal's location. Whether the terminal is located within the coverage range of the second cell on the ground or outside the coverage range, appropriate processing measures can be taken to avoid communication interruption of the terminal.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may also include :
  • the terminal sends the second message to the first network device.
  • the second message is used to indicate that the terminal is located within the coverage area of the second satellite on the ground, or the second message is used to indicate that the terminal is located outside the coverage area of the second satellite on the ground.
  • Sending the second message facilitates the first network device to determine whether the terminal is located within the coverage area of the second satellite on the ground, thereby facilitating subsequent processing by the first network device.
  • the second message includes second indication information, where the second indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is located within the ground coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite.
  • the second indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is located outside the ground coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite.
  • the second indication information may be a first indicator, and the first indicator indicates that the terminal is located within the ground coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite.
  • the second indication information may be a second indicator, and the second indicator indicates that the terminal is located outside the ground coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may also include:
  • the terminal sends location information of the terminal and/or measurement report information of the terminal to the first network device. This facilitates the first network device to confirm whether the terminal is located within the ground coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite based on the location information of the terminal.
  • the measurement report information facilitates the first network device to select a third cell for the terminal or configure conditions for the second terminal to perform cell switching when the terminal is located outside the ground coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite.
  • the location information of the terminal and/or the measurement report information of the terminal may be carried in the second message. This can save signaling overhead.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes: the terminal performs downlink synchronization in the second cell. , to synchronize to the second network device to which the second cell belongs.
  • the terminal re-synchronizes the current serving cell (i.e. the first cell) for downlink synchronization. This facilitates the terminal to synchronize to the second network to which the second cell belongs.
  • the device is convenient for receiving downlink broadcast messages from the second network device, thereby ensuring the normal progress of subsequent communications.
  • the terminal before the coverage end time of the first satellite on the ground, and/or after the coverage start time of the second cell served by the second satellite, the terminal synchronizes to the second cell corresponding to of the second network device.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include: the terminal initiates a random access process to the second network device. This facilitates the terminal to conduct subsequent communications through the connection established with the second network device, such as receiving downlink transmissions from the second network device, or sending uplink transmissions to the second network device.
  • the terminal when the following first condition is met, the terminal initiates a random access process to the second network device, where the first condition includes any of the following: the first satellite is on the ground before the coverage end time of the second satellite; after the coverage start time of the second satellite on the ground; there is a need for data transmission; the terminal's uplink time adjustment timer has not expired.
  • the terminal does not need to initiate a random access process to the second network device when the second condition is met.
  • the second condition at least includes that the terminal's uplink time adjustment timer times out, or the terminal's The upstream time adjustment timer is not enabled.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes: during the random access process, the terminal receives a first command (for example, an uplink time adjustment command) from the second network device.
  • the terminal restarts the terminal's upstream time adjustment timer according to the upstream time adjustment command.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application when the terminal is located within the coverage of the second cell on the ground, the method provided by the embodiment of the present application also includes: the terminal does not evaluate other CHO conditions; or, the terminal does not Perform measurement of candidate target cells corresponding to the CHO; or, the terminal releases other CHO configurations.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes: the terminal sends a fifth message to the first network device, where the fifth message is used to instruct the terminal not to evaluate the CHO configuration or not to measure the CHO configuration or the released CHO configuration.
  • the fifth message includes indication information for instructing the terminal not to evaluate the CHO configuration or not to measure the CHO configuration or release the CHO configuration.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes: the terminal receives a third message from the first network device.
  • the third message is used to instruct the terminal to switch to the target cell.
  • the target cell has different cell identities from the first cell, and the terminal is located within the coverage of the target cell.
  • the terminal switches the serving cell of the terminal from the first cell to the target cell according to the third message.
  • the third message includes instruction information for instructing the terminal to switch to the target cell.
  • the third message may be a cell switching message.
  • the third message includes: first configuration information, the first configuration information is used by the terminal to determine the information of the target cell.
  • the terminal, according to the third message, Switching the serving cell of the terminal from the first cell to the target cell includes: the terminal determines the information of the target cell according to the first configuration information; the terminal determines the information of the target cell according to the information of the target cell. information to switch the serving cell of the terminal from the first cell to the target cell.
  • the third message includes: second configuration information, the second configuration information includes cell switching conditions configured for the terminal; the terminal changes the terminal's cell switching condition according to the third message.
  • Switching the serving cell from the first cell to the target cell includes: when the cell switching condition included in the second configuration information is satisfied, the terminal switches the serving cell of the terminal from the third cell. A cell is switched to the target cell.
  • the first message includes a first time parameter and/or a second time parameter, wherein the first time parameter is used to determine that the second cell corresponds to the second satellite on the ground.
  • the coverage start time on the second cell is used to determine the coverage end time of the second satellite corresponding to the second cell on the ground.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes: the terminal synchronizes to the second network corresponding to the second satellite after the coverage start time of the second satellite on the ground according to the first time parameter and/or the second time parameter.
  • the device may send the second message to the first network device before the coverage start time of the second satellite on the ground.
  • the first message also includes one or more of the following information: time information by which the terminal performs downlink synchronization in the second cell;
  • the third indication information is used to indicate the location information of the NTN parameter information
  • Measurement timing configuration information is used to instruct the terminal to search for the downlink synchronization signal of the second cell under the second satellite according to the measurement timing configuration.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, including: a first network device corresponding to a first satellite sending a first message, the first message being used to instruct a satellite that provides services for the first cell to transmit from the first network device to the first satellite.
  • One satellite is updated to a second satellite, the first message includes first information, the first information is used to determine the ground coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite, the first cell and the The second cell has the same cell identity.
  • the first message includes a first time parameter and/or a second time parameter; wherein the first time parameter is used to determine the second cell corresponding to the second satellite on the ground. Coverage start time. The second time parameter is used to determine the coverage end time of the second satellite corresponding to the second cell on the ground.
  • the first message also includes one or more of the following information: time information for the terminal to perform downlink synchronization in the second cell through the second satellite; NTN parameters of the second satellite Information, the NTN parameter information includes parameter information required by the terminal to access the second cell; third indication information, the third indication information is used to indicate the location information of the NTN parameter information; measurement timing configuration information , used to instruct the terminal to search for the downlink synchronization signal of the second cell under the second satellite according to the measurement timing configuration.
  • the first message includes information about the measurement timing configuration, and the measurement timing configuration is obtained from the downlink timing relationship configuration of the first cell in the first satellite, or, the The measurement timing configuration is configured by the downlink timing relationship of the second cell in the second satellite, and the downlink timing relationship is used to determine the first subframe number and system frame number of the downlink synchronization signal of the second cell.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes: A network device sends a third message to the accessed first terminal.
  • the third message is used to instruct the first terminal to switch to a target cell.
  • the target cell has a different cell identity from that of the first cell.
  • the first terminal Located within the coverage area of the target cell.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes: the first network device sends the first configuration information and/or the second configuration information to the first terminal, where the first configuration information is The first terminal determines the information of the target cell, and the second configuration information is used by the first terminal to determine conditions for cell switching.
  • one or more of the first configuration information and the second configuration information are determined by the location information of the first terminal and/or the measurement report information of the first terminal,
  • the measurement report information includes information indicating signal quality of a neighboring cell of the first terminal.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes: the first network device receives the second message from the first terminal, and the first terminal is a terminal that accesses the first cell.
  • the first network device determines, according to the second message, that the first terminal is located outside the coverage range of the second cell on the ground, or that the first terminal is located within the coverage range of the second cell on the ground.
  • the second message includes the location information of the first terminal
  • the first network device determines that the first terminal is located in the second cell on the ground based on the second message. outside the coverage range of the second cell on the ground, or the first terminal is located within the coverage range of the second cell on the ground, including: the first network device based on the location information of the first terminal, and the second cell on the ground.
  • the coverage range on the ground determines that the first terminal is located outside the coverage range of the second cell on the ground or the first terminal is located within the coverage range of the second cell on the ground.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a communication device that can implement the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, and therefore can also implement the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.
  • Beneficial effects in the implementation method may be a terminal, or may be a device that supports the terminal to implement the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, such as a chip applied in the terminal.
  • the communication device can implement the above method through software, hardware, or through hardware executing corresponding software.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device.
  • the communication device is a terminal or a chip applied in a terminal.
  • the communication device includes: a communication unit and a processing unit, where the processing unit is used to process information.
  • the communication unit is used to receive or send information.
  • the communication unit is configured to receive a first message from a first network device, the first message being used to indicate that the satellite providing service for the first cell is updated from the first satellite to the second satellite, and the first cell is The cell to which the terminal accesses, the first network device corresponds to the first satellite, the first message includes first information, and the first information is used to determine the second cell served by the second satellite.
  • the first cell and the second cell In the coverage area on the ground, the first cell and the second cell have the same cell identity.
  • a processing unit configured to determine, based on the first message, that the terminal is located within the coverage range or outside the coverage range based on the location of the terminal and the coverage range of the second cell on the ground. .
  • the communication unit is also configured to send a second message to the first network device, where the second message is used to indicate that the terminal is located within the coverage of the second cell on the ground, or, the second message The message is used to indicate that the terminal is located outside the coverage of the second cell on the ground.
  • the communication unit is also configured to send the location information of the terminal and/or the measurement report information of the terminal to the first network device.
  • the measurement report information includes information indicating signal quality of neighboring cells of the terminal.
  • the processing unit is also configured to perform downlink synchronization in the second cell to synchronize to the second cell.
  • the corresponding second network device corresponds to the second satellite.
  • the communication unit in the embodiment of the present application is further configured to initiate a random access process to the second network device, wherein the third One condition includes any one or more of the following: before the coverage end time of the first satellite; after the coverage start time of the second satellite; there is a need for data transmission; and the terminal's uplink time adjustment timer has not expired.
  • the communication unit when a second condition is met, is configured to not initiate a random access process to the second network device, and the second condition at least includes the terminal's The uplink time adjustment timer times out, or the uplink time adjustment timer of the terminal is not started.
  • the communication unit is also configured to receive signals from the first network.
  • the third message of the device is used to instruct the terminal to switch to a target cell, the target cell and the first cell have different cell identities, and the terminal is located within the coverage of the target cell.
  • the processing unit is further configured to switch the serving cell of the terminal from the first cell to the target cell according to the third message.
  • the third message includes: first configuration information, and the first configuration information is used by the terminal to determine information about the target cell.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to determine the information of the target cell according to the first configuration information.
  • a processing unit configured to switch the serving cell of the terminal from the first cell to the target cell according to the information of the target cell.
  • the third message includes: second configuration information, where the second configuration information includes cell switching conditions configured for the terminal.
  • the processing unit is configured to switch the serving cell of the terminal from the first cell to the target cell.
  • the first message includes a first time parameter and/or a second time parameter, wherein the first time parameter is used to determine whether the second cell corresponds to the second satellite.
  • the coverage start time on the ground, the second time parameter is used to determine the coverage end time on the ground of the second satellite corresponding to the second cell.
  • the processing unit is further configured to synchronize to the second network device corresponding to the second satellite after the coverage start time of the second satellite on the ground according to the first time parameter and/or the second time parameter or after the start time of the second satellite’s coverage on the ground.
  • the second satellite sends a second message to the first network device before coverage start time on the ground.
  • the first message also includes one or more of the following information: time information for the terminal to perform downlink synchronization in the second cell; NTN parameter information of the second satellite.
  • the NTN parameter information includes parameter information required for the terminal to access the NTN network corresponding to the second satellite; third indication information used to indicate the location information of the NTN parameter information; measurement timing configuration information used to instruct the terminal according to The measurement timing configuration searches for the downlink synchronization signal of the second cell under the second satellite.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a communication device that can implement the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, and therefore can also implement the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.
  • Beneficial effects in the implementation method may be a first network device, or may be a device that supports the first network device to implement the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, such as a chip applied in the first network device.
  • the communication device can implement the above method through software, hardware, or through hardware executing corresponding software.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device.
  • the communication device is a first network device or a chip applied in the first network device.
  • the communication device includes: a communication unit and a processing unit, where the processing unit, Used to process information, the communication unit is used to receive or send information.
  • the communication unit is configured to send a first message, the first message is used to indicate that the satellite providing service for the first cell is updated from the first satellite to the second satellite, the first message includes first information, and the The first information is used to determine the coverage area of the second cell served by the second satellite on the ground, and the first cell and the second cell have the same cell identity.
  • the first message also includes one or more of the following information: time information for the terminal to perform downlink synchronization in the second cell through the second satellite; NTN of the second satellite Parameter information, the NTN parameter information includes parameter information required for a terminal to access the second cell; third indication information, the third indication information is used to indicate the location information of the NTN parameter information; measurement timing configuration Information used to instruct the terminal to search for the downlink synchronization signal of the second cell under the second satellite according to the measurement timing configuration.
  • the first message includes information about the measurement timing configuration, and the measurement timing configuration is obtained from the downlink timing relationship configuration of the first cell in the first satellite, or, The measurement timing configuration is configured by the downlink timing relationship of the second cell in the second satellite, and the downlink timing relationship is used to determine the first subframe number and system frame number of the downlink synchronization signal of the second cell. .
  • the communication unit is also configured to send the first configuration information and/or the second configuration information to the first terminal.
  • the first configuration information is used by the first terminal to determine the target cell information
  • the second configuration information is used by the first terminal to determine the conditions for cell switching.
  • one or more of the first configuration information and the second configuration information are determined by the location information of the first terminal and/or the measurement report information of the first terminal, and the measurement report information includes Information indicating the signal quality of a neighboring cell of the first terminal.
  • the communication unit is also configured to receive a second message from a first terminal, where the first terminal is a terminal accessing the first cell.
  • the processing unit is further configured to determine, according to the second message, that the first terminal is located outside the coverage of the second cell on the ground, or that the first terminal is located outside the coverage of the second cell on the ground. within coverage.
  • the second message includes the location information of the first terminal
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to determine the first terminal according to the location information of the first terminal and the coverage of the second cell on the ground.
  • the terminal is located outside the coverage range of the second cell on the ground or the first terminal is located within the coverage range of the second cell on the ground.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium.
  • Computer programs or instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium. When the computer programs or instructions are run on a computer, they cause the computer to execute the steps from the first aspect to the third aspect.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium.
  • Computer programs or instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium. When the computer programs or instructions are run on a computer, they cause the computer to execute the steps from the second aspect to the third aspect.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product including instructions. When the instructions are run on a computer, they cause the computer to execute a communication method described in the first aspect or various possible implementations of the first aspect. .
  • embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product including instructions. When the instructions are run on a computer, they cause the computer to execute a communication method described in the second aspect or various possible implementations of the second aspect. .
  • inventions of the present application provide a communication device for implementing various methods in various possible designs of any one of the above first to second aspects.
  • the communication device may be the above-mentioned terminal, or a device including the above-mentioned terminal, or a component (for example, a chip) applied in the terminal.
  • the communication device may be the above-mentioned first network device, or a device including the above-mentioned first network device, or the communication device may be a component (for example, a chip) applied in the first network device.
  • the communication device includes corresponding modules and units for implementing the above method.
  • the modules and units can be implemented by hardware, software, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above functions.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a communication device, which includes: at least one processor and a communication interface.
  • the processor executes computer execution instructions or programs stored in the communication device, so that the communication device executes various possible implementations of any one of the above-mentioned first or second aspects. any of the methods.
  • the communication device may be a terminal, or a component applied in a terminal.
  • the communication device may be a first network device, or a component applied in the first network device.
  • the communication device described in the tenth aspect above may also include: a bus and a memory, and the memory is used to store codes and data.
  • the memory is used to store codes and data.
  • at least one processor communication interface and the memory are coupled to each other.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which includes: at least one processor. Wherein, at least one processor is coupled to a memory. When the communication device is running, the processor executes the computer execution instructions or programs stored in the memory, so that the communication device executes the first aspect or any one of the first aspects. Any of the various possible implementations of aspects.
  • the communication device may be a terminal, or a chip applied in a terminal.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device.
  • the communication device includes: at least one processor. Wherein, at least one processor is coupled to a memory.
  • the processor executes the computer execution instructions or programs stored in the memory, so that the communication device executes the above second aspect or any one of the second aspects. any of the various possible designs.
  • the communication device may be a first network device, or a chip applied in the first network device.
  • the memory described in any one of the tenth to twelfth aspects can also be replaced by a storage medium, which is not limited by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the memory described in any one of the tenth to twelfth aspects can be a memory inside the communication device.
  • the memory can also be located outside the communication device, but at least one processing The memory can still execute computer-executable instructions or programs stored in that memory.
  • inventions of the present application provide a communication device.
  • the communication device includes one or more modules for implementing the method of any one of the above first and second aspects.
  • the one or more modules It may correspond to each step in the method of any one of the above-mentioned first aspect and second aspect.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a chip.
  • the chip includes a processor and a communication interface.
  • the communication interface is coupled to the processor.
  • the processor is used to run computer programs or instructions to implement the first aspect or each aspect of the first aspect.
  • the communication interface is used to communicate with other modules outside the chip.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a chip.
  • the chip includes a processor and a communication interface.
  • the communication interface is coupled to the processor.
  • the processor is used to run computer programs or instructions to implement the second aspect or each aspect of the second aspect.
  • the communication interface is used to communicate with other modules outside the chip.
  • the chip provided in the embodiment of the present application also includes a memory for storing computer programs or instructions.
  • inventions of the present application provide a communication system.
  • the communication system includes: a terminal and a first network device, wherein the first network device is used to perform the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect. communication method.
  • the terminal is configured to perform the communication method in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.
  • Figure 1 shows two deployment schemes for identification of cells in a satellite provided by embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 2 is an architectural schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is an architectural schematic diagram of another communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic distribution diagram of a base station provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a transparent satellite communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic architectural diagram of another satellite communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is an architectural schematic diagram of yet another satellite communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another satellite communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • At least one refers to one or more, and “plurality” refers to two or more.
  • “And/or” describes the association of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, where A, B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the related objects are in an “or” relationship.
  • “At least one of the following” or similar expressions thereof refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item (items) or a plurality of items (items).
  • At least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple .
  • LTE long time evolution
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD LTE time division duplex
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunication system
  • WiMAX global interoperability for microwave access
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • D2D device-to-device
  • M2M machine to machine
  • future 5G communication system etc.
  • a network device In terrestrial communications, a network device (such as a base station) can cover one or more cells.
  • the cell identifier physical cell identifier, PCI
  • the broadcast area identifier such as tracking area code) area code (TAC) or tracking area identity (TAI)
  • TAC tracking area code
  • TAI tracking area identity
  • Solution (1) as shown in (a) of Figure 1, establishes an association between a cell identifier and a physical area. That is, for a certain physical area, the cell identifier and the broadcast area identifier corresponding to the physical area are unchanged.
  • satellite 1 When one satellite (referred to as satellite 1) is removed, the physical area is served by other satellites (referred to as satellite 2).
  • satellite 2 When one satellite (referred to as satellite 1) is removed, the physical area is served by other satellites (referred to as satellite 2).
  • the cell identity and broadcast area identity in satellite 2 are the same as in satellite 1.
  • the main benefit of this solution is that for a certain physical area, assuming that the location of the UE (user equipment, also called the terminal) is unchanged, since the cells felt by the terminal are unchanged, then The network equipment does not need to trigger the cell switching process for the terminal, thereby reducing the number of handovers in the network and reducing the signaling overhead of the air interface.
  • a satellite has been serving a certain physical area for a period of time (that is, the satellite has always covered a certain physical area). When the satellite can no longer provide services for the physical area due to the movement of the satellite, , and then other satellites provide services for this physical area.
  • the cell identifier of the cell included in the coverage on the ground is cell 2
  • the satellite is located at geographical location 1.
  • the cell identifier of the cell included in the coverage area on the ground is cell 1.
  • Solution (2) as shown in (b) of Figure 1, the cell identity is associated with the satellite.
  • the cell identity in the satellite does not change.
  • the cell identity is scanned on the physical coverage area as the satellite moves.
  • the network side needs to notify the terminal to switch to another cell. .
  • the cell identity of the cell included in the coverage on the ground is cell 1
  • the cell identifier of the cell included in the coverage area on the ground when the satellite is in geographical location 1 at time T is cell 1.
  • the coverage of the cells in different geographical locations may be different.
  • NTN new radio
  • base stations or part of base station functions are deployed on high-altitude platforms or satellites to provide seamless coverage for terminals.
  • the terminal As satellites move around the earth, the terminal also moves relative to the earth, which causes the satellite corresponding to the cell accessed by the terminal using network services to change from one satellite to another.
  • the terminal In order to ensure communication continuity and service quality, the terminal needs to sense the replacement of old and new satellites and determine whether it is located in the ground coverage of a cell served by the new satellite.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, which includes: one or more terminals (for example, terminal 1 to terminal n), a network device 100, and a satellite 200.
  • the terminal accesses the cell 300, which is one of one or more cells covered by the network device 100.
  • the cell 300 is served by the satellite 200, or the cell 300 is a cell covered by the satellite 200 on the ground.
  • the terminal is located on the earth's surface, and the satellite 200 and the following satellite 400 are located in the earth's orbit.
  • the satellite 200 or the satellite 400 may provide communication services to a physical area covered by the signal (eg, the cell 300 or the cell 500), and may communicate with terminals located within the physical area covered by the signal.
  • a satellite usually generates one or more beams (beams, also called beamfootprints) on the ground, and the one or more beams form a cell on the ground.
  • beams also called beamfootprints
  • the network device 100 corresponds to the satellite 200 during the first time period.
  • cell 300 is covered by satellite 200, that is, the coverage area of satellite 200 on the ground at time T1 Including the coverage of cell 300 on the ground. Due to the movement of satellite 200, at time T2, satellite 400 moves to a position that can cover cell 300, and satellite 200 gradually moves to At a location far away from the cell 300, as shown in (b) of Figure 2, the satellite 400 can cover the coverage area of the cell 300 on the ground. It can also be considered that the coverage area of the cell 500 covered by the satellite 400 on the ground is the same as the coverage area of the cell 300. .
  • the coverage of the satellite 200 on the ground no longer includes the coverage of the cell 300.
  • the coverage of the cell 300 is covered by the satellite.
  • 400 coverage can also be regarded as the cell 500 covered by the satellite 400 on the ground at time T3, which is the cell 300.
  • the cell 300 can be one of one or more cells covered by the network device 100.
  • any one of the terminals 1 to n can Communicates with satellite 200 via network device 100.
  • the satellite 400 provides services to the cell 500
  • the cell 500 may be one of one or more cells covered by the network device 600.
  • any one of the terminals 1 to n can communicate with the cell 500 through the network device 600.
  • Satellite 200 communications
  • the network device 100 and the network device 600 may be the same network device, that is, although the satellite providing services for a certain cell has changed, the network device accessed by the terminal remains unchanged.
  • network device 600 and network device 100 may be the same network device, that is, although the satellite providing services for cell 300 changes from satellite 200 to satellite 400, the network device to which cell 300 belongs does not change.
  • network device 600 and network device 100 are different network devices, that is, the satellite providing services for cell 300 changes from satellite 200 to satellite 400, and the network device to which cell 300 belongs also changes.
  • the coverage area of cell 500 served by satellite 400 on the ground can be the same as the coverage area of cell 300 served by satellite 200 on the ground.
  • the coverage area of the cell 500 served by the satellite 400 on the ground is different from the coverage area of the cell 300 served by the satellite 200 on the ground.
  • Figure 2 the difference between Figure 2 and Figure 3 is that in Figure 2 the satellite of cell 300 changes from satellite 200 to satellite 400, but the coverage of cell 500 covered by satellite 400 on the ground is different from that of cell 300 served by satellite 200 on the ground.
  • the coverage area is the same.
  • cell 500 and cell 300 are one cell and have the same cell identity.
  • the satellite of cell 300 changes from satellite 200 to satellite 400, but the coverage of cell 500 covered by satellite 400 on the ground is different from the coverage of cell 300 served by satellite 200 on the ground.
  • terminal 1 is located outside the coverage area of cell 500 on the ground
  • terminal 2 to terminal n are located within the coverage area of cell 500 on the ground.
  • Figure 2 (c) and Figure 3 (c) are schematic diagrams of the cell 500 covered by satellite 2 after satellite 1 leaves.
  • the communication system shown in Figure 2 or Figure 3 may also include: core network equipment (not shown in the figure).
  • Core network equipment refers to equipment in the core network (CN) that provides business support for terminals.
  • core network equipment are: access and mobility management function (AMF) entities, session management function (SMF) entities, user plane function (UPF) Entities, etc. are not listed here.
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • SMF session management function
  • UPF user plane function
  • the AMF entity can be responsible for the access management and mobility management of the terminal
  • the SMF entity can be responsible for session management, such as user session establishment, etc.
  • the UPF entity can be a functional entity of the user plane, mainly responsible for connecting to the outside world. network.
  • entity in this application can also be called a network element or a functional entity.
  • entity in this application can also be called a network element or a functional entity.
  • an AMF entity can also be called an AMF network element or an AMF functional entity.
  • an SMF entity can also be called an SMF network element or an SMF function. Entity etc.
  • the satellite in the embodiment of the present application can be regarded as a spacecraft carrying a transparent payload (bent pi pe payload) or a regenerative payload (regenerative payload) signal transmitter, which usually operates between 300 kilometers (km) and 1500km.
  • Low earth orbit (LEO) at an altitude between 7000 and 25000km
  • medium earth orbit (MEO) at an altitude between 7000 and 25000km
  • geostationary earth orbit (geostationary earth orbit) at an altitude of 35786km.
  • GEO or a highly elliptical orbit (HEO) at an altitude between 400 and 50,000km.
  • satellites can be LEO satellites, MEO satellites, GEO satellites or HEO satellites according to different orbital altitudes.
  • the terminal in the embodiment of the present application also known as user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), etc., refers to providing voice and/or data connectivity to users. sexual equipment.
  • UE user equipment
  • MS mobile station
  • MT mobile terminal
  • some examples of terminals are: mobile phones, tablet computers, notebook computers, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MID), wearable devices equipment, virtual reality (VR) equipment, augmented reality (AR) equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control (industrial control), wireless terminals in self-driving (self driving), remote surgery (remote medical) Wireless terminals in surgery, wireless terminals in smart grid, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart city, and wireless terminals in smart home wait.
  • MID mobile internet devices
  • VR virtual reality
  • AR augmented reality
  • Wireless terminals in surgery wireless terminals in smart grid, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart city, and wireless terminals in smart home wait.
  • the network device in the embodiment of this application refers to a radio access network (RAN) node (or device) that connects a terminal to a wireless network, and may also be called a base station. It can be a base transceiver station (BTS) or a wideband code division multiple access (widebandcode division multiple) in a global system of mobile communication (GSM) communication system or a code division multiple access (CDMA) communication system.
  • the network device can also be an access point (AP), a relay station in a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), a network device in a future evolved Public Land Mobile Network (Public Land Mobile Network, PLMN) network, or Network equipment in NTN communication system,
  • RAN nodes are: evolved Node B (gNB), transmission reception point (TRP), evolved Node B (evolved Node B, eNB), radio network controller, RNC), Node B (Node B, NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB) , baseband unit (base band unit, BBU), or wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, Wifi) access point (access point, AP), etc.
  • gNB evolved Node B
  • TRP transmission reception point
  • eNB evolved Node B
  • RNC Radio network controller
  • Node B Node B
  • BSC base station controller
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • home base station for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB
  • baseband unit base band unit, BBU
  • wireless fidelity wireless fidelity, Wifi
  • the network device may be a RAN including a centralized unit (CU) node, a distributed unit (DU) node, or a RAN including a CU node and a DU node. equipment.
  • the RAN equipment including CU nodes and DU nodes separates the protocol layer of gNB in the NR system. Some of the protocol layer functions are centralized and controlled by the CU. The remaining part or all of the protocol layer functions are distributed in the DU and centralized by the CU. Control DU.
  • CU can also be divided into a control plane (CU-CP) and a user plane (CU-UP).
  • CU-CP is responsible for the control plane function, which mainly includes RRC and the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) corresponding to the control plane, that is, PDCP-C.
  • PDCP-C is mainly responsible for encryption and decryption of control plane data, integrity protection, data transmission, etc.
  • CU-UP is responsible for user plane functions, mainly including service data adaptation protocol (service data adaptation protocol, SDAP) and user plane corresponding PDCP (i.e. PDCP-U).
  • SDAP is mainly responsible for processing core network data and mapping flows to bearers.
  • PDCP-U is mainly responsible for data plane encryption and decryption, integrity protection, header compression, serial number maintenance, data transmission, etc.
  • CU-CP and CU-UP are connected through the E1 interface.
  • CU-CP represents gNB and connects to the core network through the NG interface.
  • the F1 interface control plane that is, F1-C and DU are connected.
  • CU-UP is connected to DU through the F1 interface user plane, that is, F1-U.
  • F1-U F1 interface user plane
  • PDCP-C is also in CU-UP.
  • NTN-based NG-RAN architectures five NTN-based RAN architectures (NTN-based NG-RAN architectures).
  • the method provided in the embodiment of this application can be applied to any of the following architectures:
  • Architecture 1 shown in Figure 5 is a transparent satellite (RAN architecture with
  • Architecture 1 includes: terminals, access network nodes (NG-RAN), 5G core network (5GC) and data network (DN).
  • NG-RAN access network nodes
  • 5GC 5G core network
  • DN data network
  • NG-RAN includes: remote radio unit (RRU) and gNB.
  • RRU includes satellite and NTN gateway.
  • terminals, non-terrestrial network gateways and gNB are located on the earth's surface, while satellites are located in earth orbit.
  • satellites, non-terrestrial network gateways and gNB can serve as 5G wireless access networks (NG-radio access network, NG-RAN), and NG-RAN connects to the 5G core network through the second interface (for example, NG interface).
  • NG-radio access network NG-RAN
  • NG-RAN 5G wireless access networks
  • communication is carried out between the terminal and the gNB through the first interface (for example, NR Uu).
  • the 5G core network and data network communicate through the N6 interface.
  • the role of satellites is: Radio Frequency filtering, frequency conversion and amplification. That is, the satellite mainly acts as an L1 relay to regenerate the physical layer signal and does not have other higher protocol layers.
  • Architecture 2 as shown in Figure 6: The difference between this architecture 2 and architecture 1 is that in architecture 2, NG-RAN includes gNB, and gNB is the satellite. The satellite and the terminal communicate through the first interface. The satellite and the 5G core There is a second interface between the networks.
  • regenerative satellites without inter-satellite links have the processing function of base stations.
  • Regenerative satellite without ISL gNB processed payload, among which inter-satellite link (ISL).
  • ISL inter-satellite link
  • the satellite acts as a gNB.
  • Architecture 3 as shown in Figure 7: The commonality between Architecture 3 and Architecture 2 is that satellites are used as gNBs, but the difference between Architecture 3 and Architecture 2 is that ISL exists in the scenario shown in Architecture 3.
  • Architecture 4 as shown in Figure 8 The difference between this architecture 4 and architecture 1 is that in architecture 4, the access network node (NG-RAN) includes satellites and network equipment. Among them, the satellite serves as gNB-DU, the network device serves as gNB-CU, gNB-DU and gNB-CU communicate through the F1 interface, and the terminal communicates with gNB-DU through the first interface.
  • NG-RAN access network node
  • the satellite serves as gNB-DU
  • the network device serves as gNB-CU
  • gNB-DU and gNB-CU communicate through the F1 interface
  • the terminal communicates with gNB-DU through the first interface.
  • Regenerative satellite with a regenerative satellite based on gNB-DU (NG-RAN with a regenerative satellite based on gNB-DU) with DU processing function of the base station.
  • the satellite acts as a DU.
  • Base station with IAB function (gNB processed payload based on relay-like architectures).
  • the satellite serves as a relay node (integrated access and backhual, IAB).
  • the network side will trigger the terminal to perform intra-cell handover, that is, although The cell that the terminal accesses has not changed, but the network side requires the terminal to re-access the cell.
  • the network side sends a handover command to the terminal (for example, it is called a reconfiguration message that requires synchronization), and the terminal re-performs random access in the cell according to the handover command (Note: The current protocol requires the terminal to perform random access. Perhaps in subsequent protocol evolution, the terminal may not need to perform random access).
  • the network side will also notify the terminal to perform intra-cell handover (for example, due to the movement of the terminal's location, the terminal enters another country from one country, and different countries use different core networks. This At this time, the network side needs to select a new core network for the terminal, so the network side will trigger intra-cell handover).
  • the first deployment plan shown in (a) of Figure 1 due to the movement of the old satellite (the first satellite below), when the old satellite can no longer provide coverage for a certain physical area on the ground (satellite coverage The range is a certain physical area on the ground surface where the satellite provides services before the new satellite (the second satellite below) provides services.
  • services are provided by other satellites in the same orbit. Due to the spacing between the satellites, the distance between the two satellites is relatively large. Since the distance between the new satellite and the old satellite to reach a certain terminal is different, the downlink signal received by the terminal from the same cell will be out of synchronization. At the same time, the uplink signal of the terminal reaches the two satellites at different times.
  • the downlink signal asynchronous here means that the moment when the terminal detects the downlink pilot signal changes, or it means that the frame number, subframe number, timeslot number, starting point or end point of the symbol detected by the terminal appears. changes). If the new satellite is covered, if the terminal is not located within the ground coverage of the cell served by the new satellite, the terminal may not be able to perform downlink synchronization with the new satellite when the new satellite is covered. In this way, the terminal cannot correctly receive the downlink signal sent by the current cell in the satellite, and the terminal cannot successfully send the uplink signal to the cell served by the new satellite.
  • the satellite 400 when the cell 500 covered by the new satellite (for example, satellite 400) on the ground and the cell 300 covered by the old satellite (for example, satellite 200) on the ground have the same cell identity, the satellite 400
  • the coverage area of the cell 500 covered on the ground and the coverage area of the cell 300 may be the same (as shown in Figure 2), or they may be different (as shown in Figure 3). Therefore, how to make any one of the terminals 1 to n in the access cell 300 determine whether it is within the coverage of the cell 500 covered by the satellite 400 on the ground is a technical problem that this application urgently needs to solve.
  • the specific structure of the execution subject of a communication method is not particularly limited by the embodiments of the present application, as long as the program that records the code of a communication method in the embodiments of the present application can be executed according to the present application. It suffices to communicate using a communication method according to the application embodiment.
  • the execution subject of a communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application may be a functional module in the first network device that can call and execute the program, or a communication device, such as a chip, applied in the first network device.
  • the execution subject of a communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application may be a functional module in the terminal that can call and execute the program, or a communication device applied in the terminal, such as a chip. This application does not limit this.
  • the following embodiments are described by taking the execution subject of a communication method as a first network device or a terminal as an example.
  • FIG. 9 it is a schematic interactive flow chart of a non-terrestrial network communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method include:
  • Step 901 The first network device corresponding to the first satellite sends a first message.
  • the terminal receives the first message from the first network device.
  • the first network device is a network device to which the first cell belongs, and the first cell is a cell to which the terminal accesses.
  • the first message is used to indicate that the satellite providing service for the first cell is updated from the first satellite to the second satellite.
  • the first message is used to indicate to the terminal that the satellite that provides services for the first cell is about to change, that is, to indicate the replacement of old and new satellites.
  • the first network device corresponds to the first satellite, as shown in Figure 5 or, as shown in Figure 6, the first satellite is the first network device, such as a base station.
  • the first network device is gNB-CU, and the first satellite is gNB-DU.
  • the first message in order to facilitate the terminal to determine whether the terminal is located within the ground coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite, the first message may carry the first information.
  • the first information is used to indicate the coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite on the ground.
  • the second cell and the first cell have the same cell identity. Or it can be understood that the first cell and the second cell are the same cell, that is, the first cell and the second cell are the same.
  • the first information may be information about the physical area covered by the second cell served by the second satellite on the ground.
  • the information of the physical area is used to determine the coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite on the ground.
  • the first information may be the coverage parameter information of the second cell.
  • the information of the physical area covered by the second cell served by the second satellite on the ground may be represented by a reference point and a radius (or a distance threshold). , can also be represented by a series of coordinate points.
  • the coverage area of the first cell is almost included by the coverage area of the second satellite on the ground.
  • the second satellite may serve one or more cells, that is, the coverage of the second satellite on the ground includes one or more cells.
  • the one or more cells include a second cell, or can be understood as: the cell identity in the second satellite is the same as the cell identity of the first cell.
  • the terminal in the embodiment of this application may be a terminal in the radio resource control protocol (radio resource control, RRC)_connected state, or may be in the RRC_idle (IDLE)/RRC_inactive ( INACTIVE) state terminal.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the above terminal may be any terminal accessing the first cell.
  • the above step 901 can be implemented in the following manner: the first network device broadcasts the first message to the terminal, that is, the first message is a broadcast message sent by the first network device.
  • the terminals accessing the first cell include terminal A and terminal B, and send the first message in a broadcast manner.
  • the first network device can send a broadcast message once, so that terminal A and terminal B can perceive the terminal that provides services for the first cell.
  • the satellite is updated from the first satellite to the second satellite, and the coverage on the ground of the second cell served by the second satellite.
  • the above step 901 can be implemented in the following manner: the first message sent by the first network device to the terminal is a dedicated message. That is, the first network device sends the first message to a specific terminal in the first cell through a dedicated message.
  • the first message may be an RRC message, a media access control (medium access control, MAC) message, etc.
  • the terminals accessing the first cell include terminal A and terminal B, the first network device may send the first message to terminal A.
  • the first message may also be sent to terminal B.
  • Step 902 The terminal determines that the terminal is located within the coverage of the second cell on the ground or is located in the second cell on the ground based on the first message, the terminal's location and the coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite on the ground. outside the coverage area.
  • the first network device may be the above-mentioned network device 100.
  • the first satellite may be the above-mentioned satellite 200.
  • the first cell may be cell 300.
  • the second satellite may be the above-mentioned satellite 400.
  • the second cell may be cell 500.
  • the terminal can determine whether the location of the terminal is within the coverage of the second cell on the ground in real time or periodically.
  • the terminal may also request the first network device to provide the second satellite to the terminal.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method.
  • the first network device passes to The terminal sends the first message. Since the first message is used to instruct the terminal to update the satellite serving the first cell from the first satellite to the second satellite, the terminal can sense that the satellite covering the first cell has changed. Variety.
  • the second satellite serves the second cell.
  • the first cell and the second cell have the same cell identity. Although the first cell and the second cell have the same cell identity, the first cell and the second cell have the same cell identity.
  • the coverage range of the second cell on the ground is possible because the terminal may be located outside the coverage range of the second cell on the ground, or it may be located within the coverage range of the second cell on the ground. Therefore, in order to prevent the terminal from being unable to access the second cell normally when it is outside the coverage of the second cell, resulting in communication interruption, in this application, the first network device sends the second cell service of the second satellite to the terminal on the ground. This allows the terminal to determine whether the terminal is within or outside the coverage of the second cell on the ground based on the location of the terminal, so that appropriate processing measures can be taken to avoid communication interruption of the terminal.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include: the first network device determines that the satellite providing service for the first cell is updated from the first satellite to the second satellite.
  • the first network device determines that the satellite that provides services for the first cell is updated from the first satellite to the second satellite in the following manner: the operator sends the information of the second satellite to the first network device. . Either the satellite control function of the second satellite sends the ephemeris information of the second satellite to the first network device (base station); or the satellite control function of the second satellite sends the ephemeris information of the second satellite to the core network, and then the core network The network forwards it to the first network device (base station).
  • the second network device corresponding to the second satellite sends the information of the second satellite to the first network device corresponding to the first satellite (for example, the first base station).
  • the first message may also carry seventh indication information.
  • the seventh indication information is used to instruct the terminal to determine whether the location of the terminal is within the ground coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite. In this way, after receiving the seventh indication information, the terminal can perform the action of determining whether the terminal is in the coverage area of the second cell on the ground.
  • the seventh indication information may be carried in other messages besides the first message, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first message does not need to carry the seventh indication information. For the terminal, after receiving the first message, it can judge whether the terminal is in the second cell on the ground based on the first information. Actions that cover the area.
  • the first network device does not need to instruct the terminal. After the terminal receives the first information, it actively reports to the first network device the determination of whether it is within the coverage of the second cell on the ground. result. In another possible implementation, the first network device may also instruct the terminal to report the determination result of the coverage range of the second cell on the ground.
  • the first message may carry indication information x, or the first network device may send other messages in addition to the first message to the terminal to notify the terminal to report the judgment result.
  • the indication information The second cell is within the coverage area on the ground.
  • the first network device receives the judgment result from the terminal, it can determine that the terminal is located outside the ground coverage of the second cell.
  • the indication information x is used to instruct the terminal to report the judgment result when it is located within the coverage of the second cell on the ground.
  • the indication information x is used to instruct the terminal to report the judgment result regardless of whether the terminal's location is within or outside the coverage area of the second satellite.
  • the first network device sends the instruction information x to the terminal or a message notifying the terminal whether to report the determination result of being located in the coverage area of the second cell, so that the terminal can take corresponding actions according to the instructions from the first network device.
  • the instruction information x is used to instruct the terminal to report when the judgment result is the first judgment result and not to report when the judgment result is the second judgment result.
  • the first judgment result is different from the second judgment result.
  • the first judgment result is: the terminal is located within the coverage of the second satellite on the ground.
  • the second judgment result is that the terminal is located outside the coverage range of the second satellite on the ground.
  • the terminal may actively report the location information of the terminal to the first network device.
  • the terminal reports the location information of the terminal to the first network device based on the trigger of the first network device.
  • the first network device may also instruct the terminal to report the location information of the terminal through the instruction information y.
  • the indication information y is carried in the first message or in other messages except the first message, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first network device may send both the indication information a and the indication information y to the terminal.
  • the terminal when the terminal has the coverage end time of the first satellite on the ground, the terminal can also send a request to the first network device before the coverage end time of the first satellite on the ground. message to request information about the second cell covered by the second satellite on the ground.
  • the time at which the first network device sends the first message to the terminal is earlier than the coverage start time on the ground of the second satellite serving the second cell.
  • the coverage start time indicates the time when the second satellite corresponding to the second cell starts to cover the physical area (including the first cell) of the first satellite corresponding to the first cell on the ground.
  • the first network device determines the coverage start time of the second satellite corresponding to the second cell, it is assumed that the terminal still accesses the first cell before the coverage start time of the second satellite corresponding to the second cell. Assume the first network device and If there is a downlink data/signaling transmission requirement between terminals, the first network device may send the first message to the terminal in the process of sending downlink transmission data/signaling to the terminal. Assuming that there is no downlink data/signaling transmission requirement between the first network device and the terminal before the coverage start time of the second satellite corresponding to the second cell, the first network device can choose to be in the RRC connection at any time or when the terminal state, send the first message to the terminal.
  • the first message may be a predefined message specifically used to notify the terminal of the update of the satellite serving the cell. In this way, the terminal can know about the upcoming update after receiving the first message. Satellite alternation occurs.
  • the first message may also be an existing message between the terminal and the first network device, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first message includes first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate that the satellite providing service for the first cell is updated from the first satellite to the second satellite, or the service The satellite in the first cell is about to change.
  • the terminal can clarify that the satellite of the first cell accessed by the terminal is updated from the first satellite to the second satellite according to the first indication information.
  • This method can be regarded as the first network device explicitly Instructions to the terminal.
  • the first message may be the first indication information, or the first indication information may be a field in the first message, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first indication information may be information about the physical area covered by the second cell served by the second satellite on the ground.
  • the first network device can also indicate to the terminal that the satellite replacement is about to occur by implicitly indicating to the terminal.
  • the first message in the embodiment of the present application may also include one or more of the following parameters: a first time parameter, a second time parameter, and the terminal performs execution in the second cell through the second satellite.
  • a first time parameter a second time parameter
  • the terminal performs execution in the second cell through the second satellite.
  • Downlink synchronization time information NTN parameter information of the second satellite, third indication information, and measurement timing configuration information.
  • the first time parameter is used to determine the coverage start time on the ground of the second satellite serving the second cell.
  • the second time parameter is used to determine the coverage end time on the ground of the second satellite serving the second cell.
  • the terminal can determine the coverage start time and coverage end time of the second satellite on the ground after receiving the first time parameter and/or the second time parameter.
  • the terminal may synchronize to the second network device corresponding to the second satellite after the second satellite's coverage start time on the ground or send the second network device to the first network device before the second satellite's coverage start time on the ground. message or fourth message.
  • the terminal when it knows the coverage end time of the second satellite on the ground, it is assumed that the subsequent terminal communicates through the second satellite, so that the terminal can also start from the second satellite before the coverage end time of the second satellite on the ground.
  • the second network device corresponding to the second satellite acquires the updated satellite information of the second cell/or the coverage range of the cell covered by the updated satellite.
  • the first time parameter is the coverage start time of the second satellite on the ground.
  • the first time parameter is the first time information + preset duration.
  • the second time parameter is the coverage end time of the second satellite corresponding to the second cell on the ground, or the second time parameter includes the first time parameter and the duration of service of the second satellite for the second cell.
  • the first message when the first message includes the first indication information, the first message may also include one or more of the above parameters.
  • the first message includes the first indication information and the first time parameter.
  • the third indication information is used to indicate the location information of the NTN parameter information, for example, the system message block information where the NTN parameter information is located.
  • the measurement timing configuration information is used to determine the measurement timing configuration.
  • the measurement timing configuration is used to instruct the terminal to search for the downlink synchronization signal of the second cell under the second satellite according to the measurement timing configuration.
  • the measurement timing configuration includes the measurement window for receiving the downlink synchronization signal, and the periodicity and offset of the measurement window.
  • the measurement timing configuration is configured based on the downlink timing relationship of the first cell in the first satellite.
  • the measurement timing configuration is configured based on the downlink timing relationship of the second cell in the second satellite.
  • the terminal calculates the first subframe number and system frame number for searching the downlink synchronization signal of the second cell according to the following formula. (That is, the first measurement window starts with the time corresponding to the first subframe number and the system frame number, and the duration is the length of the measurement window, and then the measurement window is performed with a periodicity).
  • Periodicity is greater than 5 subframes
  • subframe Offset or (Offset+5).
  • T CEIL(Periodicity/10).
  • MOD is a mathematical operation symbol. Refers to the modulo (or remainder) operator.
  • FLOOR is a mathematical operation symbol that rounds a number down to the nearest integer (rounding down).
  • CEIL is a mathematical operation symbol that rounds a number up to the nearest integer (rounding up).
  • the above solution describes the process of the terminal sensing the change of the satellite of the first cell.
  • the first network device notifies the terminal that the satellite replacement of the first cell is about to occur, although the second cell and the first cell have the same cell identity, the second cell The cell and the first cell may have different coverage areas on the ground. Therefore, the terminal may be located within the coverage area of the second cell served by the second satellite on the ground, and the terminal may also be located within the coverage area of the second cell served by the second satellite on the ground. is outside the coverage range, and in different scenarios, the subsequent actions performed by the terminal are usually different. Therefore, the embodiments of this application will be described in combination with different scenarios:
  • Scenario (1) The terminal is located outside the ground coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite.
  • Figure 10 is a specific process of another communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application. Steps 1001 to 1002 in Figure 10 are the same as steps 901 to 902, and there is no difference here. More details.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of this application may also include after step 1002:
  • Step 1003a The terminal sends the second message to the first network device.
  • the first network device receives the second message from the terminal.
  • the second message is used to indicate that the terminal is located outside the ground coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite.
  • step 1003a is an optional step, that is, if the terminal determines that it is located outside the coverage of the second cell on the ground, the terminal can omit the process of sending the second message to the first network device.
  • the terminal When the terminal is determined to be outside the coverage of the second cell on the ground, the terminal sends the second message to the first network device, so that the first network device can promptly learn that the terminal is outside the coverage of the second cell on the ground. This triggers the terminal to perform cell switching in a timely manner to ensure normal subsequent communication of the terminal.
  • the first network device sends the first message by broadcasting, there may be multiple terminals accessing the first cell, and some of the multiple terminals may be located outside the ground coverage of the second cell. , and some terminals are located within the coverage of the second cell on the ground. Therefore, if the terminal feeds back the second message to the first network device, it is convenient for the first network device to trigger the terminal to perform cell switching.
  • the second message or feedback is that a terminal within the coverage of the second cell on the ground does not need to trigger cell switching.
  • the second message may also include an identification of the terminal, so that the first network device can determine which terminal is located outside the ground coverage of the second cell.
  • the second message may include second indication information, and the second indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is located outside the coverage of the second cell on the ground.
  • the second message is the second instruction information, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first network device determines that the terminal is located outside the coverage area of the second satellite on the ground based on the second indication information. For example, the first network device parses the first The second message obtains the second instruction information.
  • the second message may be a predefined message specifically used for interaction between the terminal and the first network device.
  • the terminal is located outside the coverage area of the second satellite on the ground.
  • the first network device receives the second message. It can be known that the terminal is located outside the coverage area of the second satellite on the ground, for example, without parsing the second message.
  • the second message may also be an existing message communicated between the terminal and the first network device.
  • the terminal's behavior of sending the second message is a spontaneous behavior of the terminal.
  • the terminal can send the second message to the first network device according to the instruction of the first network device.
  • whether the terminal reports the second message to the first network device, whether it is located within the coverage of the second cell on the ground, or whether it is located outside the coverage of the second cell on the ground, can be predefined by the protocol. In the embodiment of this application There is no restriction on this.
  • the terminal when the terminal obtains the first time parameter of the second satellite, the terminal may send the second message to the first network device before the coverage start time of the second satellite.
  • the sending time of the second message can be decided by the terminal itself, or can be instructed by the first network device to the terminal. This is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the first network device in the process of notifying the terminal of the occurrence of satellite replacement, notifies the terminal to report the judgment result before the coverage start time of the second satellite, or notifies the terminal to report the judgment result before the coverage end time of the first satellite on the ground. .
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may also include:
  • Step 1004a The terminal sends the location information of the terminal and/or the measurement report information of the terminal to the first network device.
  • the first network device receives the location information from the terminal and/or the measurement report information of the terminal.
  • the measurement report information is the network measurement result obtained by the terminal performing measurements according to the measurement configuration configured by the first network device.
  • the network measurement results include: signal strength, signal quality and other parameter information of the terminal's neighboring cells or frequency points.
  • the terminal facilitates the first network device to configure second configuration information for the terminal based on the measurement report information, and the second configuration information includes cell switching conditions.
  • the first network device may also configure a target cell for the terminal according to the measurement report message.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include after step 1004a: the first network device may use the measurement report information of the terminal to determine the first configuration information and/or the second configuration information of the terminal.
  • Configuration information The first configuration information is used by the terminal to determine the target cell.
  • the second configuration information is used by the terminal to determine conditions for cell switching.
  • the terminal provides the location information of the terminal to the first network device so that the first network device determines that the terminal is located in the second cell on the ground based on the location information of the terminal and the coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite on the ground. In or out of coverage.
  • the first network device may use the location information of the terminal to determine the first configuration information and/or the second configuration information of the terminal.
  • the first configuration information and/or the second configuration information configured for the terminal are beneficial to the terminal's subsequent communication, ensuring that the terminal's subsequent communication is not interrupted.
  • the terminal may send the location information of the terminal and/or the measurement report information of the terminal to the first network device based on the trigger of the first network device. For example, after the terminal sends the second message to the first network device, the first network device further determines that the terminal is outside the coverage of the second cell on the ground, or configures a switchable target cell for the terminal or configures cell switching conditions ( That is, for the terminal to determine which conditions are met to switch from the first cell to the target cell), the first network device may send a request instruction to the terminal to request the terminal to provide the terminal's location information and/or the terminal's measurement report. information. Or the first network device may also obtain the location information of the terminal from other devices (such as AMF network elements), which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • AMF network elements such as AMF network elements
  • the terminal when the terminal is located outside the ground coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite, the terminal may actively send the terminal's location information and/or the terminal's location information to the first network device.
  • measurement report information Or the agreement stipulates that when the terminal detects that it is located outside the ground coverage of a cell served by a certain satellite, it needs to send the terminal's location information and/or the terminal's measurement report information to the first network device.
  • the location information and/or the measurement report information of the terminal are carried in the second message.
  • Using the second message to carry the location information and/or the measurement report information of the terminal can save signaling overhead.
  • the terminal's location information and/or measurement report information may be carried in a message different from the second message, and this is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the terminal when it is determined that the terminal is located outside the ground coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite, the terminal can make its own decision even if the first network device does not instruct the terminal to report the judgment result. Report the judgment result to the first network device.
  • the first network device determines that the terminal is located outside the coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite on the ground in the following manner: the first network device determines that the terminal is located based on the second message.
  • the second cell served by the second satellite is outside the coverage area on the ground.
  • the first network device determines that the terminal is located in the second cell served by the second satellite on the ground based on the location information of the terminal and the coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite on the ground. outside the coverage area.
  • the first network device may further combine the location information of the terminal to confirm whether the terminal is located outside the ground coverage of the second cell corresponding to the second satellite.
  • the first network device may also instruct the terminal to switch the terminal's serving cell.
  • the terminal may perform step 1004a first and then step 1003a, or perform steps 1003a and 1004a at the same time, that is, the second message includes the terminal location information and/or terminal measurement report information.
  • step 1002 can include:
  • Step 1005a The first network device sends a third message to the terminal.
  • the terminal receives the third message from the first network device.
  • the third message is used to instruct the terminal to switch the terminal's serving cell from the first cell to the target cell. That is third
  • the message is used to instruct the terminal to perform cell switching.
  • the target cell and the first cell have different cell identities.
  • the third message includes fourth indication information, and the fourth indication information is used to instruct the terminal to switch the terminal's serving cell from the first cell to the target cell.
  • the fourth indication information may be the same information as the first configuration information, or of course may be different information, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the third message includes information of the target cell.
  • the target cell is a cell to be switched selected by the first network device for the terminal, and the terminal is located within the range of the target cell.
  • the first network device may select a cell for the terminal as the target cell based on the terminal's location information and/or the terminal's measurement report information. For example, the signal quality or signal strength of the target cell is higher than the preset value.
  • the target cell and the first cell may belong to the same network device, such as the first network device.
  • the target cell and the first cell may also belong to different network devices.
  • the first cell belongs to one or more cells covered by the first network device, and the target cell is one or one of the multiple cells covered by the third network device.
  • the target cell may also be served by the second satellite, but the target cell and the second cell are different.
  • the coverage of the second satellite on the ground includes the coverage of the target cell on the ground and the coverage of the second cell on the ground.
  • the terminal may be located outside the coverage of the second cell on the ground, the terminal may be located The target cell has coverage on the ground, so the terminal can be switched to the target cell to enable the terminal to continue communicating through the second satellite to avoid communication interruption.
  • the target cell may also be a cell covered by the third satellite on the ground, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application May also include:
  • Step 1006a The first network device sends the first configuration information and/or the second configuration information to the terminal.
  • the terminal receives the first configuration information and/or the second configuration information from the first network device.
  • step 1006a may be omitted.
  • the first configuration information and/or the second configuration information may also be sent to the terminal through a fourth message, and the fourth message is different from the third message.
  • the first network device may proactively provide the first configuration information and/or the second configuration information to the terminal. Or if the first network device receives a request from the terminal, it can send the first configuration information and/or the second configuration information to the terminal.
  • the second configuration information includes the configuration of the CHO candidate cell and the CHO execution conditions.
  • the CHO execution condition can be any one or more of time-based CHO trigger conditions, location-based trigger conditions, event (Event A3), event A4, and event A5.
  • CHO execution conditions include time-based CHO trigger conditions and any one or more of the following events: event (Event A3), event A4, and event A5.
  • CHO execution conditions include location-based trigger conditions and any one or more of the following events: event (Event A3), event A4, and event A5.
  • Step 1007a The terminal switches the terminal's serving cell from the first cell to the target cell according to the third message.
  • the above step 1007a can be implemented in the following manner: the terminal determines the target cell based on the first configuration information. information. The terminal switches from the first cell to the target cell according to the information of the target cell.
  • the terminal after receiving the third message, the terminal can evaluate the switching conditions, and when the cell switching conditions indicated by the second configuration information are met, the terminal switches the serving cell from the first cell to the target. community. This avoids switching failures caused by blind switching of terminals.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may include any one or more of step 1008a and step 1009a after step 1002:
  • Step 1008a The terminal deletes the configuration information related to the second satellite.
  • the NTN parameter information of the second satellite For example, the NTN parameter information of the second satellite.
  • the ephemeris information of the second satellite For example, the timing advance (TA) parameter information of the second satellite, and the measurement configuration information related to the second cell, as well as the handover and/or conditional handover configuration information related to the second cell, etc.
  • TA timing advance
  • the terminal may perform step 1008a, and the terminal does not have the second satellite.
  • step 1008a may be omitted.
  • the terminal may send a feedback response to the first network device to indicate that the configuration information related to the second satellite has been deleted.
  • the terminal when the terminal is located outside the coverage range of the second cell on the ground, the terminal can reduce the occupation of the terminal memory by deleting the configuration information related to the second satellite.
  • the first network device may instruct the terminal to delete the configuration information related to the second satellite.
  • the first network device may send sixth instruction information to the terminal to instruct the terminal to delete the configuration information related to the second satellite.
  • the terminal can also actively delete the configuration information related to the second satellite when the terminal is located outside the coverage range of the second cell on the ground.
  • the terminal may not perform step 1008a, but perform the step of obtaining the ephemeris information of the second satellite.
  • Step 1009a The terminal does not perform the step of obtaining the ephemeris information of the second satellite.
  • step 1008a may execute step 1009a first and then step 1008a.
  • Scenario (2) The terminal is located within the ground coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include one or more of a notification phase, a synchronization phase and a random access phase after step 1002.
  • the notification phase includes step 1003b and step 1004b.
  • the purpose of the notification phase is to enable the first network device to determine that the terminal is located within the coverage of the second cell on the ground, that is, the terminal can subsequently communicate using the second satellite.
  • Step 1003b The terminal sends a fourth message to the first network device.
  • the first network device receives the fourth message from the terminal.
  • the fourth message is used to indicate that the terminal is located within the coverage of the second cell on the ground.
  • the fourth message may include fourth indication information, the fourth indication information being used to indicate that the terminal is located within the coverage of the second cell on the ground.
  • the fourth message may be a predefined message specifically used for interaction between the terminal and the network device.
  • the terminal is located within the coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite on the ground, so that for the first network device , upon receiving the fourth message, it can be determined that the terminal is located within the ground coverage of the second cell served by the second satellite.
  • the terminal may also send the location information of the terminal and/or the measurement report information of the terminal to the first network device.
  • the specific process and implementation may refer to the process of the terminal sending the location information of the terminal and/or the measurement report information of the terminal to the first network device when the terminal is located outside the coverage of the second cell on the ground.
  • Step 1004b The first network device determines that the terminal is located within the coverage of the second cell on the ground.
  • the above step 1003b can be omitted, that is, when the terminal determines that it is located within the coverage of the second cell on the ground, there is no need to feed back the fourth message to the first network device.
  • step 1004b when the first network device receives the fourth message, step 1004b may be implemented in the following manner: the first network device determines that the terminal is located in the second satellite service according to the fourth message. The second cell is within the coverage area on the ground.
  • step 1004b may be implemented in the following manner: the first network device determines, based on the fourth indication information, that the terminal is located on the ground in the second cell served by the second satellite. within coverage.
  • step 1004b may be implemented in the following manner: the first network device may locate the terminal on the ground based on the location information of the terminal and the location of the second cell. The coverage range determines that the terminal is located within the coverage range of the second cell on the ground.
  • the first network device may also use the location information of the terminal and the location of the second cell on the ground. to further confirm that the terminal is indeed located within the coverage of the second cell on the ground.
  • the first network device may also send NTN parameter information including the second satellite to the terminal.
  • the NTN parameter information includes parameter information necessary for the terminal to access the NTN network (or the second cell) corresponding to the second satellite. If the terminal accesses the NTN network through the second satellite, the NTN parameter information refers to parameter information such as satellite ephemeris, valid time of ephemeris, and public timing advance parameters.
  • the first network device may also send indication information of the NTN parameter information of the second satellite to the terminal.
  • the indication information indicates the location information of the NTN parameter.
  • the system message block information where the NTN parameter information of the second satellite is located.
  • the first network device when the terminal is located within the coverage of the second cell on the ground, the first network device then sends the NTN parameter information of the second satellite and/or the indication information of the NTN parameter information of the second satellite to the terminal. , which ensures that the information sent is available to the terminal.
  • the purpose of the synchronization phase is to synchronize the terminal to the second network device corresponding to the second satellite to receive downlink transmission from the second network device, such as broadcast messages.
  • the synchronization phase includes step 1005b.
  • Step 1005b The terminal performs downlink synchronization in the second cell to synchronize to the second network device corresponding to the second satellite.
  • the second network device and the first network device may be the same network device.
  • the second network device and the first network device are different network devices, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal is synchronized to the second network device before the coverage end time of the first satellite, and/or after the coverage start time of the second satellite.
  • step 1005b can be implemented in the following manner: the terminal searches for the downlink synchronization signal of the second cell in the first cell, and then performs downlink synchronization (for example: searches for the synchronization signal of the second cell, and obtains the downlink timing, that is, Obtain the system frame, subframe, time slot, and symbol boundaries of the second cell in the second satellite). Or the terminal updates the downlink synchronization of the second cell in the second cell based on the position of the second satellite, the position of the first satellite and the terminal's current position information, that is, updates the downlink synchronization of the second cell currently obtained by the first terminal.
  • the terminal searches for the downlink synchronization signal of the second cell in the first cell, and then performs downlink synchronization (for example: searches for the synchronization signal of the second cell, and obtains the downlink timing, that is, Obtain the system frame, subframe, time slot, and symbol boundaries of the second cell in the second satellite).
  • the terminal updates the downlink synchronization of the second cell in
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may also include:
  • Step 1006b The terminal initiates a random access process to the second network device.
  • the terminal when the terminal synchronizes to the second network device, the terminal can immediately initiate a random access process to the second network device. Of course, it can also initiate a random access process when the first condition is met.
  • the terminal facilitates the terminal to send an uplink transmission to the second network device by initiating a random access process.
  • the first condition includes any of the following:
  • the terminal's uplink time adjustment timer has not expired.
  • the uplink time adjustment timer of the terminal if it has not expired, it means that there is uplink data to be transmitted between the terminal and the first network device corresponding to the first satellite, and it has not ended.
  • the second condition when the second condition is met, after the terminal synchronizes to the second network device, there is no need to initiate a random access process to the second network device.
  • the second condition at least includes the terminal's The uplink time adjustment timer times out, or the terminal does not have uplink data transmission requirements, or the terminal's uplink time adjustment timer is not turned on.
  • the terminal when the terminal's uplink time adjustment timer times out, if the terminal does not initiate a random access process to the second network device. When there is a subsequent need for uplink data transmission, the terminal can also initiate a random access process.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may also include:
  • Step 1007b The second network device sends a first command (for example, an uplink time adjustment command) to the terminal.
  • the terminal receives the first command (for example, the uplink time adjustment command) from the second network device.
  • Step 1008b The terminal restarts the terminal's uplink time adjustment timer according to the first command.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may also include: the terminal before the NTN parameter information corresponding to the second satellite becomes invalid. , to regain the NTN parameter information of the second satellite.
  • the terminal should obtain the NTN parameter information of the second satellite before the first satellite leaves (that is, before the coverage end time of the first satellite). That is, the terminal should ensure that the NTN parameter information of the second satellite is valid when the first satellite leaves.
  • the terminal can obtain the NTN parameter information of the second satellite through the first satellite.
  • the terminal can obtain the NTN parameter information of the second satellite through the second satellite.
  • the terminal when the terminal is located within the coverage of the second cell on the ground, the terminal may not evaluate other CHO conditions.
  • the terminal may not perform measurement of the candidate target cells corresponding to the CHO.
  • the terminal can release other CHO configurations.
  • the terminal may also send indication information to the first network device to indicate that the terminal does not evaluate or measure or release the CHO configuration.
  • the indication information of the CHO configuration that is not evaluated or measured or released may be carried in the fourth message.
  • CHO configuration can be released through CHO identification information. For example, the terminal reports the identification corresponding to the CHO configuration that needs to be released.
  • each network element such as the first network device, terminal, etc.
  • each network element includes a corresponding structure and/or software module to perform each function.
  • the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is performed by hardware or computer software driving the hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality using different methods for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
  • Embodiments of the present application can divide functional units according to the first network device and terminal exemplified by the above method.
  • each functional unit can be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing unit.
  • the above integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units. It should be noted that the division of units in the embodiment of the present application is schematic and is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • the method according to the embodiment of the present application has been described above with reference to FIGS. 9 to 10 .
  • the communication device provided by the embodiment of the present application for performing the above method will be described below. Those skilled in the art can understand that methods and devices can be combined and referenced with each other, and the communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application can perform the steps performed by the terminal and the first network device in the above analysis method.
  • FIG. 11 shows the communication device involved in the above embodiment.
  • the communication device may include: a communication module 113 and a processing module 112.
  • the communication device may further include a storage module 111 for storing program codes and data of the communication device.
  • the communication device is a terminal, or a chip applied in a terminal.
  • the communication module 113 is used to support the communication device to communicate with an external network element (eg, the first network device).
  • the communication module 113 is used to perform signal sending and receiving operations of the terminal in the above method embodiment.
  • the processing module 112 is used to perform signal processing operations of the terminal in the above method embodiment.
  • the communication module 113 is configured to perform the receiving action performed by the terminal in step 901 of FIG. 9 or step 1001 of FIG. 10 in the above embodiment.
  • the processing module 112 is configured to support the communication device to perform actions performed by the terminal in step 902 in Figure 9 or step 1002 in Figure 10 .
  • the communication module 113 is also configured to perform the sending action performed by the terminal in step 1003a of Figure 10 of the above embodiment.
  • the communication module 113 is also used to perform the above The sending action performed by the terminal in step 1004a of Figure 10 of the embodiment.
  • the communication module 113 is also configured to perform the receiving action performed by the terminal in step 1005a and/or step 1006a in Figure 10 of the above embodiment.
  • the processing module 112 is also configured to perform step 1007a in Figure 10 of the above embodiment.
  • the processing module 112 is also configured to perform step 1008a and/or step 1009a in Figure 10 of the above embodiment.
  • the communication module 113 is also configured to perform the sending action performed by the terminal in step 1003b and/or step 1004b in Figure 10 of the above embodiment.
  • the processing module 112 is also used to perform step 1005b and step 1006b.
  • the communication module 113 is also configured to perform the receiving action performed by the terminal in step 1007b of Figure 10 in the above embodiment.
  • the processing module 112 is also configured to perform step 1008b.
  • the communication device is a first network device, or a chip applied in the first network device.
  • the communication module 113 is used to support the communication device to communicate with external network elements (eg, terminals).
  • the communication module 113 is used to perform signal sending and receiving operations of the first network device in the above method embodiment.
  • the processing module 112 is configured to perform signal processing operations of the first network device in the above method embodiment.
  • the communication module 113 is configured to perform the sending action performed by the first network device in step 901 of FIG. 9 or step 1001 of FIG. 10 in the above embodiment.
  • the communication module 113 is configured to perform the receiving action performed by the first network device in step 1003a or step 1003b in Figure 10 of the above embodiment.
  • the communication module 113 is configured to perform the receiving action performed by the first network device in step 1004a or step 1004b in Figure 10 of the above embodiment.
  • the communication module 113 is configured to perform the sending action performed by the first network device in step 1005a of Figure 10 of the above embodiment.
  • the communication module 113 is configured to perform the sending action performed by the first network device in step 1006a of Figure 10 of the above embodiment.
  • the communication module 113 shown in Figure 11 can also be replaced by a communication unit, and the processing module 112 can also be replaced by referring to the processing unit.
  • the storage module 111 can also be replaced by a storage unit.
  • the processing unit is used to control and manage the actions of the communication device. For example, the processing unit is used to execute steps of information/data processing in the communication device.
  • the communication unit is used to support the communication device in the steps of sending or receiving information/data.
  • the communication unit may include a receiving unit and a sending unit, the receiving unit is used for receiving signals, and the sending unit is used for sending signals.
  • the processing module 112 may be a processor or a controller, such as a central processing unit, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, Hardware components or any combination thereof. It may implement or execute the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with this disclosure.
  • the processor can also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, and so on.
  • the communication module can be a transceiver, a transceiver circuit or a communication interface, etc.
  • the storage module may be a memory.
  • the processing module 112 is the processor 1201 or the processor 1205, the communication module 113 is the communication interface 1203, and the storage module 111 is the memory 1202, the communication device involved in this application may be the communication device shown in Figure 12.
  • Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device includes a processor 1201, a communication line 1204, and at least one communication interface (the communication interface 1203 is taken as an example for illustration in FIG. 12).
  • the processor 1201 can be a general central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more processors used to control the execution of the program of the present application. integrated circuit.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • Communication line 1204 may include a path for communicating information between the above-mentioned components.
  • Communication interface 1203 is used for information exchange with other devices, such as using any transceiver-like device, for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless LAN (wireless local area networks, WLAN), etc.
  • RAN radio access network
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • the communication device may also include a memory 1202.
  • Memory 1202 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (random access memory (RAM)) or other type that can store information and instructions.
  • a dynamic storage device can also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be used by a computer Any other medium for access, but not limited to this.
  • the memory may exist independently and be connected to the processor through a communication line 1204. Memory can also be integrated with the processor.
  • the memory 1202 is used to store computer execution instructions for executing the solution of the present application, and the processor 1201 controls the execution.
  • the processor 1201 is configured to execute computer execution instructions stored in the memory 1202, thereby implementing a network access method provided in the following embodiments of the present application.
  • the computer-executed instructions in the embodiments of the present application may also be called application codes, which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the processor 1201 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in Figure 12.
  • the communication device may include multiple processors, such as processor 1201 and processor 1205 in Figure 12 .
  • processors may be a single-CPU processor or a multi-CPU processor.
  • a processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (eg, computer program instructions).
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the chip 130 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the chip 130 includes one or more (including two) processors 1310 and a communication interface 1330.
  • the chip 130 also includes a memory 1340.
  • the memory 1340 may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provides operating instructions and data to the processor 1310.
  • a portion of memory 1340 may also include non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM).
  • NVRAM non-volatile random access memory
  • memory 1340 stores elements, execution modules, or data structures, or subsets thereof, or extended sets thereof.
  • the corresponding operation is performed by calling the operation instructions stored in the memory 1340 (the operation instructions can be stored in the operating system).
  • the chips used by the terminal and the first network device have similar structures, and different devices can use different chips to implement their respective functions.
  • the processor 1310 controls the processing operations of any one of the terminal and the first network device.
  • the processor 1310 may also be called a central processing unit (CPU).
  • Memory 1340 may include read-only memory and random access memory and provides instructions and data to processor 1310 . Portion of memory 1340 may also include NVRAM. For example, the memory 1340, the communication interface 1330 and the memory 1340 in the application are coupled together through the bus system 1320. In addition to the data bus, the bus system 1320 may also include a power bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, etc. However, for the sake of clarity, the various buses are labeled as bus system 1320 in FIG. 13 .
  • the methods disclosed in the above embodiments of the present application can be applied to the processor 1310 or implemented by the processor 1310.
  • the processor 1310 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During the implementation process, each step of the above method can be completed by instructions in the form of hardware integrated logic circuits or software in the processor 1310 .
  • the above-mentioned processor 1310 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC, an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistors. Logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • FPGA off-the-shelf programmable gate array
  • Logic devices discrete hardware components.
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application can be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers and other mature storage media in this field.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory 1340.
  • the processor 1310 reads the information in the memory 1340 and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the communication interface 1330 is used to perform the steps of receiving and sending by the terminal and the first network device in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 9-10.
  • the processor 1310 is configured to perform processing steps of the terminal and the first network device in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 6 to 10 .
  • the above communication module may be a communication interface of the device, used to receive signals from other devices.
  • the communication module is a communication interface used by the chip to receive or send signals from other chips or devices.
  • a computer-readable storage medium is provided. Instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium. When the instructions are executed, the functions executed by the terminal as shown in Figure 9 or Figure 10 are implemented.
  • a computer-readable storage medium is provided. Instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium. When the instructions are executed, the functions performed by the first network device as shown in Figure 9 or Figure 10 are implemented.
  • a computer program product including instructions is provided.
  • the computer program product includes instructions. When the instructions are executed, the functions executed by the terminal as shown in Figure 6 are implemented.
  • a computer program product including instructions.
  • the computer program product includes instructions. When the instructions are executed, the functions performed by the first network device as shown in Figure 9 or Figure 10 are implemented.
  • a chip is provided.
  • the chip is used in a terminal.
  • the chip includes at least one processor and a communication interface.
  • the communication interface is coupled to at least one processor.
  • the processor is used to run instructions to implement the steps shown in Figure 9 or Figure 10. Functions performed by the terminal.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a chip that is used in access management network elements.
  • the chip includes at least one processor and a communication interface.
  • the communication interface is coupled to at least one processor.
  • the processor is used to run instructions. To implement the functions performed by the first network device as shown in Figure 9 or Figure 10.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, which includes: a first network device and a terminal.
  • the first network device is used to perform the functions performed by the first network device in Figure 9 or Figure 10
  • the terminal is used to perform the functions performed by the terminal in Figure 9 or Figure 10.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user equipment, or other programmable device.
  • the computer program or instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another.
  • the computer program or instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, A server or data center transmits via wired or wireless means to another website site, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media.
  • the available media may be magnetic media, such as floppy disks, hard disks, and magnetic tapes; they may also be optical media, such as digital video discs (DVDs); they may also be semiconductor media, such as solid state drives (solid state drives). , SSD).

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种非地面网络的通信方法、装置及系统，涉及非地面网络通信技术，用以实现在新旧卫星交替时，新卫星和旧卫星服务的小区标识相同的情况下，如何触发终端感知是否处于新卫星服务的小区在地面上的覆盖范围内，以保证终端的后续通信正常。该方法包括：终端接收来自第一网络设备的用于指示为第一小区提供服务的卫星更新为第二卫星的消息，第一消息包括用于确定第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围的信息。终端根据终端的位置和第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，确定终端位于覆盖范围内或外。该方案中终端可感知新旧卫星交替，以及判断终端是否位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内，便于终端根据不同的判断结果执行不同的处理。

Description

一种非地面网络的通信方法、装置及系统
本申请要求于2022年7月6日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202210798859.6、申请名称为“一种通信的方法和装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，以及于2022年8月10日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202210957934.9、申请名称为“一种非地面网络的通信方法、装置及系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及非地面网络通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法、装置及系统。
背景技术
非地面网络(Non-Terrestrial Networks，NTN)是指使用卫星(无人机系统(unmanned aircraft System，UAS)平台)星载上的射频的网络或网络段。卫星通信具有覆盖区域广、通信距离远、可靠性高、灵活性大、吞吐高等优点，不受地理环境、气候条件和自然灾害的影响，已经被广泛应用于航空通信、海事通信、军事通信等领域。将卫星引入到未来第五代移动网络(5th-Generation，5G)中，可为地面网络难以覆盖的区域，如海洋、森林等提供通信服务，可以增强5G通信的可靠性，如为火车、飞机以及这些交通工具上的用户提供更稳定更优质的通信服务，还可以提供更多的数据传输资源，支持更多数量的连接。
在由卫星为小区提供服务时，每个卫星会在地面上覆盖一个或多个小区，由于卫星是移动的，随着卫星的移动，不同时间卫星在地面上覆盖范围可能也是不同的。但是通常情况下，终端所接入的小区在一段时间内是不变的，由于旧卫星的移动，当旧卫星无法再为某个物理区域(比如小区)提供服务之后，才由新卫星来提供服务。一般而言是由同一个轨道中的其他卫星来提供服务。由于卫星之间的间隔，两个卫星之间的距离比较远。由于新卫星和旧卫星到达某个终端的距离不同，新卫星服务的小区在地面上的覆盖范围也可能和旧卫星服务的小区在地面上的覆盖范围不同，因此，在新旧卫星交替时，如何让终端感知是否处于新卫星服务的小区在地面上的覆盖范围内，从而更利于NTN通信系统是亟需解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法、装置及系统，用以实现在新旧卫星交替时，新卫星和旧卫星服务的小区标识相同的情况下，如何触发终端感知是否处于新卫星服务的小区在地面上的覆盖范围内，以保证终端的后续通信正常。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，包括：终端接收来自第一网络设备的第一消息。其中，第一消息用于指示为第一小区提供服务的卫星从第一卫星更新为第二卫星。第一小区为终端接入的小区，第一网络设备与第一卫星对应，第一消息包括第一信息，第一信息用于确定第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围。响应于第一消息，终端根据终端的位置以及第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，确定终端位于覆盖范围内或者覆盖范围外，其中，第一小区和第二小区具有相同的小区标识。
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法中，在确定为第一小区提供服务的卫星从第一卫星更新为第二卫星的情况下，即发生新旧卫星交替时，第一网络设备通过向终端发送第一消息，由于第一消息用于指示终端为第一小区提供服务的卫星从第一卫星更新为第二卫星，这样对于终端而言，其可以感知到覆盖第一小区的卫星发生了变化。而第二卫星服务于第二小区，第一小区和第二小区具有相同的小区标识，虽然第一小区和第二小区具有相同的小区标识，但是第一小区和第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围可能，由于终端可能位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外，也可能位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。因此，为了防止终端在位于第二小区的覆盖范围外时无法 正常接入第二小区，导致的通信中断，本申请中第一网络设备通过向终端发送第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围的信息，这样便于终端还可以结合终端的位置判断终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内还是覆盖范围外，从而采取合适的处理措施，可以避免终端的通信中断。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，在终端根据终端的位置以及第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，确定终端位于覆盖范围内或者覆盖范围外之后，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：终端向第一网络设备发送第二消息。其中，第二消息用于指示终端位于第二卫星在地面上的覆盖区域内，或者，第二消息用于指示终端位于第二卫星在地面上的覆盖区域外。通过发送第二消息便于第一网络设备确定终端是否位于第二卫星在地面上的覆盖区域内，从而便于第一网络设备进行后续处理。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第二消息中包括第二指示信息，其中，第二指示信息用于指示终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。或者，第二指示信息用于指示终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外。比如，第二指示信息可以为第一指示符，第一指示符表示终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。第二指示信息可以为第二指示符，第二指示符表示终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外。通过在第二消息中携带第二指示信息，这样可以通过显式方式向第一网络设备指示。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，终端根据终端的位置以及第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，确定终端位于覆盖范围内或者覆盖范围外之后，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：终端向第一网络设备发送终端的位置信息，和/或，终端的测量报告信息。这样便于第一网络设备根据终端的位置信息确认终端是否位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。测量报告信息便于第一网络设备在终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外时，为终端选择第三小区或者配置第二终端进行小区切换的条件。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，终端的位置信息，和/或，终端的测量报告信息可以携带在第二消息中。这样可以节约信令开销。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内的情况下，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：终端在第二小区执行下行同步，以同步到第二小区所属的第二网络设备。终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内的情况下，终端对当前服务小区(即第一小区)重新进行下行同步，这样便于终端同步到第二小区所属的第二网络设备后便于接收来自第二网络设备的下行广播消息，从而保证后续通信的正常进行。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，在第一卫星在地面上的覆盖结束时间之前，和/或，在第二卫星服务的第二小区的覆盖开始时间之后，终端同步到第二小区对应的第二网络设备。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，在终端同步到第二网络设备的情况下，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：终端向第二网络设备发起随机接入过程。这样便于终端通过与第二网络设备建立的连接进行后续通信，比如接收来自第二网络设备下发的下行传输，或者向第二网络设备发送上行传输。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，在满足以下第一条件的情况下，终端向第二网络设备发起随机接入过程，其中，第一条件包括以下任一项：第一卫星在地面上的覆盖结束时间之前；第二卫星在地面上的覆盖开始时间之后；存在数据传输需求；终端的上行时间调整定时器未超时。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，在满足第二条件的情况下，终端无需向第二网络设备发起随机接入过程，第二条件至少包括终端的上行时间调整定时器超时，或者终端的上行时间调整定时器未开启。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：在随机接入过程中，终端接收来自第二网络设备的第一命令(比如，上行时间调整命令)。终端根据上行时间调整命令，重启终端的上行时间调整定时器。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，在终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内的情况下，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：终端不评估其它的CHO条件；或，终端不执行CHO对应的候选目标小区的测量；或者，终端释放其它的CHO配置。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，在终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内的情况下， 本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：终端向第一网络设备发送第五消息，第五消息用于指示终端不评估CHO配置或不测量CHO配置或释放的CHO配置。比如，第五消息中包括一个用于指示终端不评估CHO配置或不测量CHO配置或释放的CHO配置的指示信息。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，在终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：终端接收来自第一网络设备的第三消息。第三消息用于指示终端切换到目标小区，目标小区与所述第一小区具有不同的小区标识，终端位于目标小区的覆盖范围内。终端根据所述第三消息，将所述终端的服务小区从所述第一小区切换为所述目标小区。
在本申请的一种可能的实现中，第三消息包括用于指示终端切换到目标小区的指示信息。可选的，第三消息可以为小区切换消息。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，第三消息包括：第一配置信息，所述第一配置信息用于所述终端确定所述目标小区的信息，相应的，终端根据所述第三消息，将所述终端的服务小区从所述第一小区切换为所述目标小区，包括：所述终端根据所述第一配置信息，确定所述目标小区的信息；所述终端根据所述目标小区的信息，将所述终端的服务小区从所述第一小区切换为所述目标小区。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，第三消息包括：第二配置信息，所述第二配置信息包括为所述终端配置的小区切换条件；终端根据所述第三消息，将所述终端的服务小区从所述第一小区切换为所述目标小区，包括：在满足所述第二配置信息包括的所述小区切换条件的情况下，所述终端将所述终端的服务小区从所述第一小区切换为所述目标小区。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，第一消息包括第一时间参数和/或第二时间参数，其中，所述第一时间参数用于确定所述第二小区对应所述第二卫星在地面上的覆盖开始时间，所述第二时间参数，用于确定第二小区对应的所述第二卫星在地面上的覆盖结束时间。本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：终端根据第一时间参数和/或第二时间参数，在所述第二卫星在地面上的覆盖开始时间之后同步到所述第二卫星对应的第二网络设备或者在所述第二卫星在地面上的覆盖开始时间之前向所述第一网络设备发送第二消息。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，第一消息还包括以下信息中的一个或多个：所述终端通过在所述第二小区执行下行同步的时间信息；
所述第二卫星的NTN参数信息，所述NTN参数信息包括所述终端接入所述第二卫星对应的NTN网络所需要的参数信息；
第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述NTN参数信息的位置信息；
测量定时配置的信息，用于指示所述终端按照所述测量定时配置搜索所述第二小区在所述第二卫星下的下行同步信号。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，包括：第一卫星对应的第一网络设备发送第一消息，所述第一消息用于指示为第一小区提供服务的卫星从所述第一卫星更新为第二卫星，所述第一消息包括第一信息，所述第一信息用于确定所述第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，所述第一小区和所述第二小区具有相同的小区标识。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，第一消息包括第一时间参数和/或第二时间参数；其中，第一时间参数用于确定所述第二小区对应所述第二卫星在地面上的覆盖开始时间。第二时间参数，用于确定第二小区对应的所述第二卫星在地面上的覆盖结束时间。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，第一消息还包括以下信息中的一个或多个：终端通过所述第二卫星在所述第二小区执行下行同步的时间信息；第二卫星的NTN参数信息，所述NTN参数信息包括终端接入所述第二小区所需要的参数信息；第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述NTN参数信息的位置信息；测量定时配置的信息，用于指示终端按照所述测量定时配置搜索所述第二小区在所述第二卫星下的下行同步信号。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，第一消息包括所述测量定时配置的信息，所述测量定时配置由所述第一卫星中所述第一小区的下行定时关系配置得到，或者，所述测量定时配置由所述第二卫星中所述第二小区的下行定时关系配置，所述下行定时关系用于确定所述第二小区的下行同步信号的第一个子帧号和系统帧号。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，第一网络设备确定接入第一小区的第一终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：第一网络设备向接入第一终端发送第三消息，所述第三消息用于指示所述第一终端切换到目标小区，所述目标小区与所述第一小区的小区标识不同，第一终端位于所述目标小区的覆盖范围内。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：第一网络设备向第一终端发送第一配置信息，和/或，第二配置信息，其中，第一配置信息用于所述第一终端确定所述目标小区的信息，所述第二配置信息用于所述第一终端确定小区切换的条件。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，第一配置信息和所述第二配置信息中的一个或多个由所述第一终端的位置信息和/或所述第一终端的测量报告信息确定，所述测量报告信息包括用于指示所述第一终端的邻区的信号质量的信息。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：第一网络设备接收来自第一终端的第二消息，第一终端为接入第一小区的终端。第一网络设备根据第二消息，确定第一终端位于所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外，或者，第一终端位于所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，第二消息包括所述第一终端的位置信息，所述第一网络设备根据所述第二消息，确定所述第一终端位于所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外，或者，所述第一终端位于所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内，包括：第一网络设备根据所述第一终端的位置信息，以及所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，确定所述第一终端位于所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外或者所述第一终端位于所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该通信装置可以实现第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法，因此也能实现第一方面或第一方面任意可能的实现方式中的有益效果。该通信装置可以为终端，也可以为支持终端实现第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法的装置，例如应用于终端中的芯片。该通信装置可以通过软件、硬件、或者通过硬件执行相应的软件实现上述方法。
一种示例，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该通信装置为终端或者为应用于终端中的芯片，该通信装置包括：通信单元以及处理单元，其中，处理单元，用于处理信息，该通信单元用于接收或者发送信息。例如，通信单元，用于接收来自第一网络设备的第一消息，所述第一消息用于指示为第一小区提供服务的卫星从第一卫星更新为第二卫星，所述第一小区为所述终端接入的小区，所述第一网络设备与所述第一卫星对应，所述第一消息包括第一信息，所述第一信息用于确定所述第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，所述第一小区和所述第二小区具有相同的小区标识。处理单元，用于基于所述第一消息，所述终端根据所述终端的位置以及所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，确定所述终端位于所述覆盖范围内或者所述覆盖范围外。
在本申请的一种可能的实现中，通信单元，还用于向第一网络设备发送第二消息，第二消息用于指示终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内，或者，第二消息用于指示终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外。
在本申请的一种可能的实现中，通信单元，还用于向第一网络设备发送终端的位置信息，和/或，终端的测量报告信息。其中，测量报告信息包括用于指示终端的邻区的信号质量的信息。
在本申请的一种可能的实现中，如果终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内，处理单元，还用于在第二小区执行下行同步，以同步到第二小区对应的第二网络设备，第二网络设备对应第二卫星。
在本申请的一种可能的实现中，在满足以下第一条件的情况下，本申请实施例中通信单元，还用于向所述第二网络设备发起随机接入过程，其中，所述第一条件包括以下任一项或多项：第一卫星的覆盖结束时间之前；第二卫星的覆盖开始时间之后；存在数据传输需求；终端的上行时间调整定时器未超时。
在本申请的一种可能的实现中，在满足第二条件的情况下，通信单元，用于无需向所述第二网络设备发起随机接入过程，所述第二条件至少包括所述终端的上行时间调整定时器超时，或者所述终端的上行时间调整定时器未开启。
在本申请的一种可能的实现中，如果所述终端位于所述第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，通信单元，还用于接收来自所述第一网络设备的第三消息，所述第三消息用于指示所述终端切换到目标小区，所述目标小区与所述第一小区具有不同的小区标识，所述终端位于所述目标小区的覆盖范围内；处理单元，还用于根据所述第三消息，将所述终端的服务小区从所述第一小区切换为目标小区。
在本申请的一种可能的实现中，第三消息包括：第一配置信息，第一配置信息用于终端确定目标小区的信息。处理单元，具体用于根据第一配置信息，确定目标小区的信息。处理单元，用于根据目标小区的信息，将终端的服务小区从第一小区切换为目标小区。
在本申请的一种可能的实现中，第三消息包括：第二配置信息，所述第二配置信息包括为所述终端配置的小区切换条件。在满足所述第二配置信息包括的所述小区切换条件的情况下，处理单元，用于将所述终端的服务小区从所述第一小区切换为所述目标小区。
在本申请的一种可能的实现中，第一消息包括第一时间参数和/或第二时间参数，其中，所述第一时间参数用于确定所述第二小区对应所述第二卫星在地面上的覆盖开始时间，所述第二时间参数，用于确定所述第二小区对应的所述第二卫星在地面上的覆盖结束时间。处理单元，还用于根据所述第一时间参数和/或第二时间参数，在所述第二卫星在地面上的覆盖开始时间之后同步到所述第二卫星对应的第二网络设备或者在所述第二卫星在地面上的覆盖开始时间之前向所述第一网络设备发送第二消息。
在本申请的一种可能的实现中，第一消息还包括以下信息中的一个或多个：终端通过在第二小区执行下行同步的时间信息；第二卫星的NTN参数信息。NTN参数信息包括终端接入所述第二卫星对应的NTN网络所需要的参数信息；用于指示所述NTN参数信息的位置信息的第三指示信息；测量定时配置的信息，用于指示终端按照测量定时配置搜索第二小区在第二卫星下的下行同步信号。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该通信装置可以实现第二方面或第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法，因此也能实现第二方面或第二方面任意可能的实现方式中的有益效果。该通信装置可以为第一网络设备，也可以为支持第一网络设备实现第二方面或第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法的装置，例如应用于第一网络设备中的芯片。该通信装置可以通过软件、硬件、或者通过硬件执行相应的软件实现上述方法。
一种示例，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该通信装置为第一网络设备或者为应用于第一网络设备中的芯片，该通信装置包括：通信单元以及处理单元，其中，处理单元，用于处理信息，该通信单元用于接收或者发送信息。例如，通信单元，用于发送第一消息，第一消息用于指示为第一小区提供服务的卫星从所述第一卫星更新为第二卫星，所述第一消息包括第一信息，所述第一信息用于确定所述第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，所述第一小区和所述第二小区具有相同的小区标识。
在本申请的一种可能的实现中，第一消息包括第一时间参数和/或第二时间参数；其中，第一时间参数用于确定第二小区对应所述第二卫星在地面上的覆盖开始时间；第二时间参数，用于确定所述第二小区对应的所述第二卫星在地面上的覆盖结束时间。
在本申请的一种可能的实现中，第一消息还包括以下信息中的一个或多个：终端通过所述第二卫星在所述第二小区执行下行同步的时间信息；第二卫星的NTN参数信息，所述NTN参数信息包括终端接入所述第二小区所需要的参数信息；第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述NTN参数信息的位置信息；测量定时配置的信息，用于指示终端按照所述测量定时配置搜索所述第二小区在所述第二卫星下的下行同步信号。
在本申请的一种可能的实现中，第一消息包括所述测量定时配置的信息，所述测量定时配置由所述第一卫星中所述第一小区的下行定时关系配置得到，或者，所述测量定时配置由所述第二卫星中所述第二小区的下行定时关系配置，所述下行定时关系用于确定所述第二小区的下行同步信号的第一个子帧号和系统帧号。
在本申请的一种可能的实现中，通信单元，还用于向接入第一终端发送第三消息，第三消息用于指示第一终端切换到与第一小区的小区标识不同的目标小区。第一终端位于目标小区的覆盖 范围内。
在本申请的一种可能的实现中，通信单元，还用于向第一终端发送第一配置信息，和/或，第二配置信息。其中，第一配置信息用于第一终端确定目标小区的信息，第二配置信息用于第一终端确定小区切换的条件。
在本申请的一种可能的实现中，第一配置信息和第二配置信息中的一个或多个由第一终端的位置信息和/或第一终端的测量报告信息确定，测量报告信息包括用于指示第一终端的邻区的信号质量的信息。
在本申请的一种可能的实现中，通信单元，还用于接收来自第一终端的第二消息，第一终端为接入第一小区的终端。处理单元，还用于根据所述第二消息，确定所述第一终端位于所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外，或者，所述第一终端位于所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。
在本申请的一种可能的实现中，第二消息包括第一终端的位置信息，处理单元，具体用于根据第一终端的位置信息，以及第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，确定第一终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外或者第一终端位于所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序或指令，当计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第一方面至第一方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中描述的一种通信方法。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序或指令，当计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第二方面至第二方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中描述的一种通信方法。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种包括指令的计算机程序产品，当指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面或第一方面的各种可能的实现方式中描述的一种通信方法。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供一种包括指令的计算机程序产品，当指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第二方面或第二方面的各种可能的实现方式中描述的一种通信方法。
第九方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置用于实现上述第一方面至第二方面中任一方面的各种可能的设计中的各种方法。该通信装置可以为上述终端，或者包含上述终端的装置，或者应用于终端中的部件(例如，芯片)。或者，该通信装置可以为上述第一网络设备，或者包含上述第一网络设备的装置，或者通信装置可以为应用于第一网络设备中的部件(例如，芯片)。该通信装置包括实现上述方法相应的模块、单元、该模块、单元可以通过硬件实现，软件实现，或者通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块或单元。
第十方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置包括：至少一个处理器和通信接口。其中，当该通信装置运行时，该处理器执行该通信装置中存储的计算机执行指令或程序，以使该通信装置执行如上述第一方面或第二方面中任一方面的各种可能的实现中的任一项的方法。例如，该通信装置可以为终端，或者为应用于终端中的部件。例如，该通信装置可以为第一网络设备，或者为应用于第一网络设备中的部件。
应理解，上述第十方面中描述的通信装置中还可以包括：总线和存储器，存储器用于存储代码和数据。可选的，至少一个处理器通信接口和存储器相互耦合。
第十一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置包括：至少一个处理器。其中，至少一个处理器和存储器耦合，当该通信装置运行时，该处理器执行该存储器中存储的计算机执行指令或程序，以使该通信装置执行如上述第一方面或第一方面的任一方面的各种可能的实现中的任一项的方法。例如，该通信装置可以为终端，或者为应用于终端中的芯片。
第十二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置包括：至少一个处理器。其中，至少一个处理器和存储器耦合，当该通信装置运行时，该处理器执行该存储器中存储的计算机执行指令或程序，以使该通信装置执行如上述第二方面或第二方面的任一方面的各种可能的设计中的任一项的方法。例如，该通信装置可以为第一网络设备，或者为应用于第一网络设备中的芯片。
应理解，第十方面至第十二方面任一方面描述的存储器还可以使用存储介质替换，本申请实施例对此不作限定。在一种可能的实现方式中，第十方面至第十二方面任一方面描述的存储器可以为该通信装置内部的存储器，当然，该存储器也可以位于该通信装置外部，但是至少一个处理 器仍然可以执行该存储器中存储的计算机执行指令或程序。
第十三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置包括一个或者多个模块，用于实现上述第一方面、第二方面中任一个方面的方法，该一个或者多个模块可以与上述第一方面、第二方面中任一个方面的方法中的各个步骤相对应。
第十四方面，本申请实施例提供一种芯片，该芯片包括处理器和通信接口，通信接口和处理器耦合，处理器用于运行计算机程序或指令，以实现第一方面或第一方面的各种可能的实现方式中所描述的一种通信方法。通信接口用于与芯片之外的其它模块进行通信。
第十五方面，本申请实施例提供一种芯片，该芯片包括处理器和通信接口，通信接口和处理器耦合，处理器用于运行计算机程序或指令，以实现第二方面或第二方面的各种可能的实现方式中所描述的一种通信方法。通信接口用于与芯片之外的其它模块进行通信。
具体的，本申请实施例中提供的芯片还包括存储器，用于存储计算机程序或指令。
第十六方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信系统，该通信系统包括：终端以及第一网络设备，其中第一网络设备用于执行第二方面或第二方面的任一种可能的实现中的通信方法。终端用于执行第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的实现中的通信方法。
上述提供的任一种装置或计算机存储介质或计算机程序产品或芯片或通信系统均用于执行上文所提供的对应的方法，因此，其所能达到的有益效果可参考上文提供的对应的方法中对应方案的有益效果，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种卫星中小区的标识的两种部署方案；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的架构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信系统的架构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种基站的分布示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的具有透明卫星通信系统的架构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的另一种卫星通信系统的架构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的再一种卫星通信系统的架构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的又一种卫星通信系统的架构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的一种芯片的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a，b，或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，a-b，a-c，b-c，或a-b-c，其中a，b，c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
本申请的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：长期演进(long time evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)系统、通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统、公共陆地移动网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)系统、设备对设备(device to device，D2D)网络系统或者机器对机器(machine to machine，M2M)网络系统以及未来的5G通信系统等。
本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案， 并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
在地面通信中，一个网络设备(比如，基站)可以覆盖一个或的多个小区，一般而言，这些小区的小区标识(physical cell identifier，PCI)、广播的区域标识(如跟踪区码(tracking area code，TAC)或跟踪区识别码(tracking area identity，TAI))在很长时间内并不会改变。但是，在卫星通信中，由于卫星是高速移动的，从而导致卫星在地面上覆盖的物理区域(比如小区)是变化的。对于该卫星中小区的标识、广播的区域标识而言，目前有采用如下布署方案：
方案(1)、如图1中的(a)图所示，建立小区标识和物理区域的关联关系。即对于某个物理区域而言，该物理区域对应的小区标识和广播的区域标识是不变的。当一个卫星(简称为卫星1)移走之后，由其他卫星(简称为卫星2)为该物理区域提供服务。卫星2中的小区标识和广播的区域标识和卫星1相同。该方案的主要好处是，对于某个物理区域而言，假设UE(user equipment，用户设备，又称之为终端)的位置是不变的，由于终端感受到的这些小区是不变的，则网络设备无需为终端触发小区切换的流程，从而减少了网络中的切换次数，减少了空口的信令开销。在该方案中，一般而言，一个卫星在一个时间段内一直服务于某个物理区域(即卫星一直覆盖某个物理区域)，当由于卫星的移动导致卫星无法再为该物理区域提供服务时，再由其他卫星来为该物理区域提供服务。如图1中的(a)图所示，卫星1在时间T+T1位于地理位置2时，在地面上的覆盖范围包括的小区的小区标识为小区2，而在时间T卫星处于地理位置1时在地面上的覆盖范围包括的小区的小区标识为小区1。
方案(2)、如图1中的(b)图所示，小区标识是和卫星关联的。当卫星移动而导致该卫星的覆盖区域改变时，卫星中的小区标识并不改变。该方案中，可以理解为小区标识是随着卫星的移动而在物理覆盖区域上扫描。在该方案中，即使某个终端的位置是不变的，由于卫星是移动的，导致当卫星在地面上的覆盖范围无法再覆盖这个终端时，网络侧需要通知终端进行切换，切换到其他小区。如图1中的(b)图所示，由于小区标识和卫星关联，卫星1在时间T+T1位于地理位置2时，在地面上的覆盖范围包括的小区的小区标识为小区1，而在时间T卫星处于地理位置1时在地面上的覆盖范围包括的小区的小区标识为小区1。在图1中的(b)图中虽然不同的地理位置卫星1服务的小区的小区标识相同，但是该小区在不同地理位置的覆盖范围可能不一样。
在新无线(new radio，NR)系统中，引入了NTN。在NTN中，基站或者部分基站功能部署在高空平台或者卫星上，为终端提供无缝覆盖。由于卫星环绕地球运动，终端相对于地球也在运动，这就导致正在使用网络服务的终端所接入的小区对应的卫星从一个卫星变为另一个卫星。为了保证通信的连续性和服务质量，终端需要感知新旧卫星交替，以及判断是否位于新卫星服务的小区在地面上的覆盖范围。
如图2或图3所示，本申请实施例提供一种通信系统，该通信系统包括：一个或多个终端(比如，终端1～终端n)、网络设备100以及卫星200。其中，终端接入小区300，该小区300为网络设备100所覆盖的一个或多个小区中的一个。该小区300由卫星200提供服务，也可以为小区300为卫星200在地面上覆盖的一个小区。
其中，终端位于地球表面，而卫星200和下述卫星400位于地球轨道。卫星200或卫星400可以向信号覆盖的物理区域(比如，小区300或小区500)提供通信服务，并且可以与位于信号覆盖的物理区域内的终端进行通信。
作为一种示例，卫星通常会在地面上产生一个或多个波束(beam，或者称为beamfootprint)，并且该一个或多个波束在地面上会形成一个小区。
在卫星通信中，由于卫星是高速移动的，从而导致卫星在地面上覆盖的物理区域是变化的。因此，在不同时间段同一个卫星可能在地面上的覆盖范围是不同的，假设在第一时间段内卫星200服务于小区300。第一时间段的起始时间为卫星200在地面上的覆盖开始时间，第一时间段的截止时间为卫星200在地面上的覆盖结束时间。在第一时间段内网络设备100对应卫星200。
如图2中的(a)图或者图3中的(a)图所示，在T1时刻(属于第一时间段)，小区300由卫星200覆盖，即T1时刻卫星200在地面上的覆盖范围包括小区300在地面上的覆盖范围。由于卫星200的移动，在T2时刻，卫星400移动至可以覆盖小区300的位置，而卫星200逐渐移动至 远离小区300的位置，如图2中的(b)图所示，卫星400可以覆盖小区300在地面上的覆盖范围，也可以认为卫星400在地面上覆盖的小区500和小区300的覆盖范围相同。最终，随着卫星200的移动，卫星200在地面上的覆盖范围不再包括小区300的覆盖范围，而如图2中的(c)图所示，在T3时刻，小区300的覆盖范围由卫星400覆盖，也可以看作是在T3时刻卫星400在地面上覆盖的小区500即为小区300。
可以理解的是，在由卫星200为小区300提供服务时，该小区300可以是网络设备100所覆盖的一个或多个小区中的一个小区，这时终端1～终端n中的任一个终端可以通过网络设备100与卫星200通信。在由卫星400为小区500提供服务时，该小区500可以是网络设备600所覆盖的一个或多个小区中的一个小区，这时终端1～终端n中的任一个终端可以通过网络设备600与卫星200通信。当然，网络设备100和网络设备600可以是同一个网络设备，也即虽然为某个小区提供服务的卫星发生了变化，但是终端接入的网络设备不变。
作为一种示例，网络设备600和网络设备100可以是同一个网络设备，即虽然为小区300提供服务的卫星从卫星200变为卫星400，但是该小区300所属的网络设备未改变。作为另一种示例，网络设备600和网络设备100是不同的网络设备，即为小区300提供服务的卫星从卫星200变为卫星400，该小区300所属的网络设备也改变了。
值得说明的是，在卫星400和卫星200服务的小区具有相同的小区标识时，卫星400所服务的小区500在地面上的覆盖范围与卫星200服务的小区300在地面上的覆盖范围可以相同，比如图2中的(b)图所示。但是，也可能存在如图3中的(b)图所示的场景，卫星400所服务的小区500在地面上的覆盖范围与卫星200服务的小区300在地面上的覆盖范围不同，比如，二者存在交集，当然卫星400所服务的小区500在地面上的覆盖范围与卫星200服务的小区300在地面上的覆盖范围也可能不存在交集。综上，图2和图3的区别在于：在图2中小区300的卫星从卫星200变为卫星400，但是卫星400在地面上覆盖的小区500的覆盖范围和卫星200服务的小区300在地面上的覆盖范围相同，可以理解的是，小区500和小区300是一个小区，具有相同的小区标识。而在图3所示的系统中，小区300的卫星从卫星200变为卫星400，但是卫星400在地面上覆盖的小区500的覆盖范围和卫星200服务的小区300在地面上的覆盖范围不相同，比如，终端1位于小区500在地面上的覆盖范围外，而终端2～终端n位于小区500在地面上的覆盖范围内。
图2中的(c)图和图3中的(c)图为卫星1离开之后，卫星2覆盖小区500的示意图。
在本申请的一个可能的实施例中，如图2或图3所示的通信系统还可以包括：核心网设备(图中未示出)。核心网设备，是指为终端提供业务支持的核心网(core network，CN)中的设备。目前，一些核心网设备的举例为：接入和移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)实体、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)实体、用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)实体等等，此处不一一列举。其中，所述AMF实体可以负责终端的接入管理和移动性管理；所述SMF实体可以负责会话管理，如用户的会话建立等；所述UPF实体可以是用户面的功能实体，主要负责连接外部网络。需要说明的是，本申请中实体也可以称为网元或功能实体，例如，AMF实体也可以称为AMF网元或AMF功能实体，又例如，SMF实体也可以称为SMF网元或SMF功能实体等。
具体的，本申请实施例中的卫星可以看作载有透明有效载荷(bent pi pepayload)或再生有效载荷(regenerative payload)信号发射机的航天器，其通常运行在300千米(km)至1500km之间的高度的近地轨道(low earth orbit，LEO)、在7000至25000km之间的高度的中地轨道(medium earth or bit，MEO)、在35786km的高度的同步地球轨道(geostationary earth orbit，GEO)或者在400至50000km之间的高度的高椭圆轨道(highelliptical orbit，HEO)。也就是说，卫星按照轨道高度的不同可以为LEO卫星、MEO卫星、GEO卫星或者HEO卫星等。
本申请实施例中的终端，又称之为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台(mobile station，MS)、移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)等，是指向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备。例如，具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、车载设备等。目前，一些终端的举例为：手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、可穿戴设 备，虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程手术(remote medical surgery)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等。
本申请实施例中的网络设备是指将终端接入到无线网络的无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)节点(或设备)，又可以称为基站。可以是全球移动通讯(global system ofmobile communication，GSM)通信系统或者码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)通信系统中的基站(base transceiver station，BTS)、宽带码分多址(widebandcode division multiple access，WCDMA)通信系统中的基站(nodeB，NB)、长期演进(longterm evolution，LTE)通信系统中的演进型基站(evolutional node B，eNB或eNodeB)或者新无线通信系统中的基站(the next Generation Node B，gNB)。网络设备还可以是无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Network，WLAN)中的接入点(access point，AP)、中继站、未来演进的公共陆地移动网(Public Land Mobile Network，PLMN)网络中的网络设备或者NTN通信系统中的网络设备等。
目前，一些RAN节点的举例为：继续演进的节点B(gNB)、传输接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)、演进型节点B(evolved Node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(base band unit，BBU)，或无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wifi)接入点(access point，AP)等。
另外，在一种网络结构中，如图4所示，网络设备可以为包括集中单元(centralized unit，CU)节点、或分布单元(distributed unit，DU)节点、或包括CU节点和DU节点的RAN设备。其中包括CU节点和DU节点的RAN设备将NR系统中gNB的协议层拆分开，部分协议层的功能放在CU集中控制，剩下部分或全部协议层的功能分布在DU中，由CU集中控制DU。可选的，如图4所示，CU还可以划分为控制面(CU-CP)和用户面(CU-UP)。其中，CU-CP负责控制面功能，主要包含RRC和控制面对应的分组数据汇聚层协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)即PDCP-C。PDCP-C主要负责控制面数据的加解密，完整性保护，数据传输等。CU-UP负责用户面功能，主要包含业务数据适配协议(service data adaptation protocol，SDAP)和用户面对应的PDCP(即PDCP-U)。其中SDAP主要负责将核心网的数据进行处理并将flow映射到承载。PDCP-U主要负责数据面的加解密，完整性保护，头压缩，序列号维护，数据传输等。其中CU-CP和CU-UP通过E1接口连接。CU-CP代表gNB通过NG接口和核心网连接。通过F1接口控制面即F1-C和DU连接。CU-UP通过F1接口用户面即F1-U和DU连接。当然还有一种可能的实现是PDCP-C也在CU-UP。
目前TR38.821定义了5种基于NTN的RAN架构(NTN-based NG-RAN architectures)，本申请实施例提供的方法可以适用于如下架构中的任一种：
如图5所示的架构1为本申请实施例提供的一种具有透明卫星(RAN architecture with
transparent satellite)通信系统的架构示意图，在架构1中包括：终端、接入网节点(NG-RAN)、5G核心网(5GC)以及数据网络(data network，DN)。
其中，NG-RAN包括：射频拉远单元(remote radio unit，RRU)以及gNB。其中，RRU包括卫星以及NTN网关(gateway)。
其中，终端、非地面网络网关和gNB位于地球表面，而卫星位于地球轨道。同时，卫星、非地面网络网关和gNB可以作为5G无线接入网(NG-radio accessnetwork，NG-RAN)，并且NG-RAN通过第二接口(比如，NG接口)连接5G核心网。
在架构1中终端和gNB之间通过第一接口(比如，NR Uu)进行通信。5G核心网与数据网络之间通过N6接口通信。
在transparent场景中，卫星的作用是：无线频率过滤(Radio Frequency filtering)，频率转换和放大(Frequency conversion and amplification)。即卫星主要是作为L1中继(relay)，将物理层信号重新生成，并不具有其他更高协议层。
如图6所示的架构2：该架构2与架构1的区别在于，在架构2中NG-RAN包括gNB，而gNB即为卫星，卫星与终端之间通过第一接口通信，卫星和5G核心网之间具有第二接口。
在架构2中不具有星间链路的再生卫星，具有基站的处理功能Regenerative satellite without ISL，gNB processed payload，其中卫星间链路(inter-satellite link，ISL)。在这种架构中，卫星作为gNB。
如图7所示的架构3：该架构3与架构2的共同点在于，使用卫星作为gNB，但是架构3与架构2的区别在于：在架构3所示的场景中存在ISL。
如图8所示的架构4：该架构4与架构1的区别在于：在架构4中接入网节点(NG-RAN)包括卫星以及网络设备。其中，卫星作为gNB-DU，网络设备作为gNB-CU，gNB-DU和gNB-CU之间通过F1接口通信，终端与gNB-DU之间通过第一接口通信。
架构4：具有基站的DU处理功能的再生卫星(NG-RAN with a regenerative satellite based on gNB-DU)，在这个场景中，卫星是作为DU。
架构5：具有IAB功能的基站(gNB processed payload based on relay-like architectures)，这个场景中，卫星是作为中继节点(integrated access and backhual，IAB)。
在地面通信中，在某些场景下(比如由于网络侧为终端配置的一些参数需要改变，或者网络侧需要改变为终端分配的密钥)，网络侧会触发终端进行小区内的切换，即虽然终端接入的小区没有改变，但网络侧需要终端重新接入该小区。一般网络侧为终端发送切换命令(比如称为携带需要同步的重配消息)，终端根据该切换命令，重新在该小区中进行随机接入(注：目前协议中要求终端需要进行随机接入，可能在后续协议演进中，终端可以无需进行随机接入)。现在协议中规定，切换场景中，计算切换中导致的中断时间的公式。其中包括了搜索目标小区的时间Tsearch。如果目标小区是已知的，则Tsearch＝0；否则协议中规定了Tsearch的取值。
在卫星通信中，在另外一些场景下，网络侧也会通知终端进行小区内切换(例如，由于终端的位置的移动，终端从一个国家进入另外一个国家，不同的国家使用不同的核心网。这时候网络侧需要为终端选择新的核心网，所以网络侧会触发小区内切换)。
对于如图1中的(a)图所示的布署方案一而言，由于旧卫星(下述第一卫星)的移动，当旧卫星无法再为地面上的某个物理区域(卫星的覆盖范围即为卫星在地面表面上的某一物理区域)提供服务之后，才由新卫星(下述第二卫星)来提供服务。一般而言是由同一个轨道中的其他卫星来提供服务。由于卫星之间的间隔，两个卫星之间的距离比较远。由于新卫星和旧卫星到达某个终端的距离不同，从而会导致终端收到同一个小区的下行信号不同步，同时终端的上行信号到达两个卫星的时刻也不同。(注：这里的下行信号不同步是指终端检测到下行导频信号的时刻出现了变化，或者是指终端检测到的帧号、子帧号、时隙号、符号的起始点或终止点出现了变化)。而如果新卫星覆盖时，如果终端未位于新卫星服务的小区在地面上的覆盖范围内，则终端可能无法在新卫星覆盖时与新卫星进行下行同步。这样终端后续无法正确接收该卫星中当前小区发送下行信号，终端也无法成功向新卫星服务的小区发送上行信号。如图3或图2所示，在新卫星(比如，卫星400)在地面上覆盖的小区500和旧卫星(比如卫星200)在地面上覆盖的小区300具有相同的小区标识时，卫星400在地面上覆盖的小区500的覆盖范围和小区300的覆盖范围可以相同(如图2所示)，也可以不相同(如图3所示)。因此，如何使得接入小区300中的终端1～终端n中的任一个终端，确定是否位于卫星400在地面上覆盖的小区500的覆盖范围内是本申请亟需要解决的技术问题。
在本申请实施例中，一种通信方法的执行主体的具体结构，本申请实施例并未特别限定，只要可以通过运行记录有本申请实施例的一种通信方法的代码的程序，以根据本申请实施例的一种通信方法进行通信即可。例如，本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的执行主体可以是第一网络设备中能够调用程序并执行程序的功能模块，或者为应用于第一网络设备中的通信装置，例如，芯片。本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的执行主体可以是终端中能够调用程序并执行程序的功能模块，或者为应用于终端中的通信装置，例如，芯片。本申请对此不进行限定。下述实施例以一种通信方法的执行主体为第一网络设备、终端为例进行描述。
如图9所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种非地面网络的通信方法的交互流程示意图，该方法 包括：
步骤901、第一卫星对应的第一网络设备发送第一消息。相应的，终端接收来自第一网络设备的第一消息。其中，第一网络设备为第一小区所属的网络设备，第一小区为该终端接入的小区。
其中，第一消息用于指示为第一小区提供服务的卫星从第一卫星更新为第二卫星。或者，第一消息用于向终端指示为第一小区提供服务的卫星将要发生变化，即指示新旧卫星交替。
可选的，第一网络设备与第一卫星对应，可以如图5所示或者，如图6所示，第一卫星即第一网络设备，比如基站。比如如图8所示第一网络设备为gNB-CU，而第一卫星为gNB-DU。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，为了便于终端确定终端是否位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内，第一消息中可以携带第一信息。其中，第一信息用于指示第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围。其中，第二小区和第一小区具有相同的小区标识。或者可以理解为第一小区和第二小区是同一小区，即第一小区与第二小区相同。
作为一种示例，第一信息可以是第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上覆盖的物理区域的信息。该物理区域的信息用于确定第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围。可选的，第一信息可以是第二小区的覆盖范围参数信息，比如，可以通过参考点和半径(或距离阈值)来表示第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上覆盖的物理区域的信息，也可以通过一系列坐标点来表示。
可以理解的是，第一小区的覆盖范围几乎被第二卫星在地面上的覆盖范围包括。比如，第二卫星可以服务于一个或多个小区，即第二卫星在地面上的覆盖范围包括一个或多个小区。该一个或多个小区包括第二小区，或者可以理解为：第二卫星中的小区标识和第一小区的小区标识相同。
作为一种示例，本申请实施例中的终端可以是无线资源控制协议(radio resource control，RRC)_连接(connected)态的终端，也可能是处于RRC_空闲(IDLE)/RRC_非激活(INACTIVE)态的终端。
上述终端可以是接入第一小区中的任一个终端。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，上述步骤901可以通过以下方式实现：第一网络设备向终端广播第一消息，即第一消息为第一网络设备发送的广播消息。这样接入第一小区的多个终端或者位于第一小区的多个终端便可以接收到第一消息，从而终端可以确定服务于第一小区的卫星要发生变化。比如，接入第一小区的终端包括终端A和终端B，通过广播方式发送第一消息，这样第一网络设备可以通过发送一次广播消息，使得终端A和终端B感知为第一小区提供服务的卫星从第一卫星更新为第二卫星，以及第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围。
在本申请的另一个可能的实现方式，上述步骤901可以通过以下方式实现：第一网络设备向终端发送的第一消息为专用消息。即第一网络设备通过专用消息的方式向第一小区中的某个特定终端发送第一消息。比如，该第一消息可以是RRC消息，媒体访问控制(medium access control，MAC)消息等。在这种场景中，假如接入第一小区的终端包括终端A和终端B，第一网络设备可以向终端A发送第一消息。也可以向终端B发送第一消息。
步骤902、终端根据第一消息，终端的位置以及第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，确定终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内，或者位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外。
作为一种示例，结合图2，第一网络设备可以为上述网络设备100。第一卫星可以为上述卫星200。第一小区可以为小区300。第二卫星可以为上述卫星400。第二小区可以为小区500。
可以理解的是，终端在接收到第一消息之后，便可以实时或者周期性去判断该终端的位置是否位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。
可选的，在第一消息中未携带第一信息的情况下，终端通过第一消息确定服务于第一小区的卫星发生变化的情况下，也可以请求第一网络设备向终端提供第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围。
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法中，在确定为第一小区提供服务的卫星从第一卫星更新为第二卫星的情况下，即发生新旧卫星交替时，第一网络设备通过向终端发送第一消息，由于第一消息用于指示终端为第一小区提供服务的卫星从第一卫星更新为第二卫星，这样对于终端而言，其可以感知到覆盖第一小区的卫星发生了变化。而第二卫星服务于第二小区，第一小区和第二小区具有相同的小区标识，虽然第一小区和第二小区具有相同的小区标识，但是第一小区和 第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围可能，由于终端可能位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外，也可能位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。因此，为了防止终端在位于第二小区的覆盖范围外时无法正常接入第二小区，导致的通信中断，本申请中第一网络设备通过向终端发送第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围的信息，这样便于终端还可以结合终端的位置判断终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内还是覆盖范围外，从而采取合适的处理措施，可以避免终端的通信中断。
在本申请的一种可能的实施例中，本申请实施例提供的方法在步骤901之前还可以包括：第一网络设备确定为第一小区提供服务的卫星从第一卫星更新为第二卫星。
作为一种可能的实现，第一网络设备确定为第一小区提供服务的卫星从第一卫星更新为第二卫星可以通过以下方式实现：由运营商将第二卫星的信息发给第一网络设备。或者第二卫星的卫星控制功能将第二卫星的星历信息发送给第一网络设备(基站)；或者第二卫星的卫星控制功能将第二卫星的星历信息发给核心网，然后由核心网转发给第一网络设备(基站)。
另一种可能的实现，第二卫星对应的第二网络设备(比如，第二基站)将第二卫星的信息发给第一卫星对应的第一网络设备(比如，第一基站)。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，第一消息中还可以携带第七指示信息。其中，第七指示信息用于指示终端判断终端的位置是否位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。这样终端接收到第七指示信息后便可以执行判断终端是否处于第二小区在地面上的覆盖区域的动作。当然，该第七指示信息可以携带在第一消息之外的其他消息中，本申请实施例对此不做限定。在本申请的另一个可能的实现中，第一消息中无需携带第七指示信息，对于终端而言其接收到第一消息便可以根据第一信息执行判断终端是否处于第二小区在地面上的覆盖区域的动作。
在本申请的一种可能的实现方式中，第一网络设备无需指示终端，在终端接收到第一信息之后便主动向第一网络设备上报是否位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内的判断结果。另一种可能的实现方式中，第一网络设备还可以指示终端上报位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围的判断结果。比如，第一消息中可以携带指示信息x，或者第一网络设备向终端发送除第一消息外的其他消息，以通知终端上报判断结果。比如，指示信息x用于指示终端在位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，上报判断结果，这样如果第一网络设备未接收到终端上报的判断结果，便可以确定终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。当然，在第一网络设备接收到来自终端的判断结果的情况下，便可以确定终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外。或者指示信息x用于指示终端在位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内的情况下，上报判断结果。或者指示信息x用于指示终端无论终端的位置位于第二卫星的覆盖区域内还是外都需要上报判断结果。通过第一网络设备向终端发送指示信息x或者通知终端是否上报位于第二小区的覆盖区域的判断结果的消息，便于终端根据来自第一网络设备的指示进行相应的动作。或者指示信息x用于指示终端在判断结果为第一判断结果时上报，在判断结果为第二判断结果时不上报。比如，第一判断结果和第二判断结果不同，比如，第一判断结果为：终端位于第二卫星在地面上的覆盖范围内。第二判断结果为终端位于第二卫星在地面上的覆盖范围外。
一种可能的实现方式中，终端接收到第一信息之后，可以主动向第一网络设备上报该终端的位置信息。另一种可能的实现方式中，终端基于第一网络设备的触发再向第一网络设备上报终端的位置信息。比如，第一网络设备还可以通过指示信息y指示终端上报终端的位置信息。其中，指示信息y携带在第一消息中或者除第一消息外的其他消息中，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
可以理解的是，第一网络设备可以既向终端发送指示信息a也向终端发送指示信息y。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，在终端具有第一卫星在地面上的覆盖结束时间的情况下，终端还可以在第一卫星在地面上的覆盖结束时间之前向第一网络设备发送请求消息，以请求第二卫星在地面上覆盖的第二小区的信息。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一网络设备向终端发送第一消息的时间早于服务于第二小区的第二卫星在地面上的覆盖开始时间。覆盖开始时间表示第二小区对应的第二卫星开始在地面上覆盖第一卫星对应第一小区的物理区域(包括第一小区)的时间。
举例说明，第一网络设备确定第二小区对应的第二卫星的覆盖开始时间的情况下，假设在第二小区对应的第二卫星的覆盖开始时间之前，此时终端依旧接入第一小区，假设第一网络设备和 终端之间存在下行数据/信令传输需求，则第一网络设备可以向终端发送下行传输数据/信令的过程中向终端发送第一消息。假设在第二小区对应的第二卫星的覆盖开始时间之前，第一网络设备和终端之间不存在下行数据/信令传输需求，则第一网络设备可以选择在任意时间或者在终端处于RRC连接态的情况下，向终端发送第一消息。
在本申请的一个可能的实施例中，第一消息可以为预定义的专门用于向终端通知为小区服务的卫星发生更新的消息，这样对于终端而言，接收到第一消息便可以知晓即将发生卫星交替。当然，第一消息也可以是终端和第一网络设备之间已有的现有消息，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
在本申请的另一个可能的实施例中，第一消息中包括第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示为第一小区提供服务的卫星从第一卫星更新为第二卫星，或者服务于第一小区的卫星即将发生变化。这样对于终端而言，终端便可以根据第一指示信息明确终端接入的第一小区的卫星由第一卫星更新为第二卫星，这种方式可以看作是第一网络设备通过显式的方式向终端指示。当然，该第一消息可以就是第一指示信息，或者第一指示信息是第一消息中的一个字段，本申请实施例对此不做限定。可选的，第一指示信息可以为第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上覆盖的物理区域的信息。
当然，第一网络设备除了显式的方式向终端指示即将发生卫星交替外，还可以通过隐式指示的方式向终端指示即将发生卫星交替。
作为一种隐式指示的示例，本申请实施例中的第一消息还可以包括如下参数中的一个或多个：第一时间参数，第二时间参数，终端通过第二卫星在第二小区执行下行同步的时间信息，第二卫星的NTN参数信息，第三指示信息，测量定时配置的信息。
其中，第一时间参数用于确定服务于第二小区的第二卫星在地面上的覆盖开始时间。第二时间参数，用于确定服务于第二小区的第二卫星在地面上的覆盖结束时间。这样对于终端而言其接收到第一时间参数和/或第二时间参数后便可以确定该第二卫星在地面上的覆盖开始时间和覆盖结束时间。之后，终端可以在第二卫星在地面上的覆盖开始时间之后同步到所述第二卫星对应的第二网络设备或者在第二卫星在地面上的覆盖开始时间之前向第一网络设备发送第二消息或第四消息。
当然对于终端而言，其在知道第二卫星在地面上的覆盖结束时间的情况下，假设后续终端通过第二卫星进行通信，这样终端还可以在第二卫星在地面上的覆盖结束时间之前从第二卫星对应的第二网络设备处获取第二小区更新后的卫星的信息/或者更新后的卫星覆盖的小区的覆盖范围。
作为一种示例，第一时间参数即为第二卫星在地面上的覆盖开始时间。或者第一时间参数即为第一时间信息+预设时长。第二时间参数即为第二小区对应的第二卫星在地面上的覆盖结束时间，或者第二时间参数包括第一时间参数以及第二卫星为第二小区服务的时长。
当然，在第一消息包括第一指示信息的情况下，第一消息中也可以包括上述参数中的一个或多个参数，比如，第一消息包括第一指示信息以及第一时间参数。
第三指示信息，用于指示NTN参数信息的位置信息，比如，NTN参数信息所在的系统消息块信息。
作为一种示例，测量定时配置的信息用于确定测量定时配置。其中，测量定时配置用于指示终端按照测量定时配置搜索第二卫星下的第二小区的下行同步信号。测量定时配置包括接收下行同步信号的测量窗口，以及该测量窗口的周期(periodicity)及偏移(offset)。
可选的，测量定时配置是基于第一卫星中第一小区的下行定时关系配置的。可选的，该测量定时配置是基于第二卫星中该第二小区的下行定时关系配置的。终端按照如下公式计算出搜索第二小区的下行同步信号的第一个子帧号和系统帧号。(即第一个测量窗口以该第一个子帧号和系统帧号对应的时刻为开始，持续时间为测量窗口的长度，之后测量窗口以周期periodictity进行)。
SFN mod T＝(FLOOR(Offset/10))；
如果周期Periodicity大于5个子帧；
subframe＝Offset mod 10；
否则，subframe＝Offset or(Offset+5)。其中，T＝CEIL(Periodicity/10)。
MOD，是一个数学运算符号。指取模(或者叫取余)运算符。
FLOOR是一个数学运算符号，将数字向下舍入到最接近的整数(向下取整)。
CEIL是一个数学运算符号，将数字向上舍入到最接近的整数(向上取整)。
上述方案描述了终端感知第一小区的卫星发生变化的过程，在第一网络设备向终端通知第一小区即将发生卫星交替后，虽然第二小区和第一小区具有相同的小区标识，但是第二小区和第一小区在地面上可能具有不同的覆盖范围，因此，终端可能位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内，终端也可能位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外，而不同场景中，终端进行的后续动作通常是不同的，因此，本申请实施例将分别结合不同的场景进行描述：
场景(1)、终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外。
在场景(1)中，如图10所示，图10为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法的具体过程，图10中的步骤1001～步骤1002同步骤901～步骤902，此处不再详细赘述。可选的，本申请实施例提供的方法在步骤1002之后还可以包括：
步骤1003a、终端向第一网络设备发送第二消息。相应的，第一网络设备接收来自终端的第二消息。其中，第二消息用于表示终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外。
值得说明的是，上述步骤1003a为可选的步骤，即在终端确定位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，终端可以省去向第一网络设备发送第二消息的过程。
在终端确定位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，终端向第一网络设备发送第二消息，这样便于第一网络设备及时了解终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外，从而及时触发终端进行小区切换，以保证终端的后续通信正常。尤其在第一网络设备通过广播的方式发送第一消息时，由于接入第一小区中的终端可能有多个，而多个终端中可能存在部分终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外，而存在部分终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内，因此，假如终端向第一网络设备反馈了第二消息，这样便于第一网络设备触发该终端执行小区切换，而对于未反馈第二消息或者反馈处于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内的终端无需触发小区切换。可选的，第二消息中还可以包括终端的标识，以便于第一网络设备确定是哪个终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外。
可选的，第二消息中可以包括第二指示信息，第二指示信息用于指示终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外。或者，第二消息即为第二指示信息，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
可以理解的是，在第二消息中包括第二指示信息的情况下，第一网络设备根据第二指示信息确定终端位于第二卫星在地面上的覆盖区域外，比如，第一网络设备解析第二消息得到第二指示信息。
可选的，第二消息可以为预定义的专门用于终端和第一网络设备之间交互终端位于第二卫星在地面上的覆盖区域外的消息，这样第一网络设备接收到第二消息便可以知晓终端位于第二卫星在地面上的覆盖区域外，比如无需解析第二消息。可选的，第二消息也可以为终端和第一网络设备之间通信的已有消息。
值得说明的是，在第一网络设备未指示终端上报判断结果的情况下，终端发送第二消息的行为为终端自发的行为。当然，如果第一网络设备指示终端上报判断结果，那么终端可以根据第一网络设备的指示，向第一网络设备发送第二消息。
当然，终端是否向第一网络设备上报第二消息或者位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内上报还是位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外上报，可以由协议预定义，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
在本申请的一个可能的实施例中，在终端获取到第二卫星的第一时间参数的情况下，终端可以在第二卫星的覆盖开始时间之前，向第一网络设备发送第二消息。至于第二消息的发送时间可以由终端自行决定，也可以由第一网络设备向终端指示，本申请实施例对此不做限定。比如，第一网络设备在向终端通知发生卫星交替的过程中，通知终端在第二卫星的覆盖开始时间之前上报判断结果，或者通知终端在第一卫星在地面上的覆盖结束时间之前上报判断结果。
本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，在终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，可选的，如图10所示，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：
步骤1004a、终端向第一网络设备发送终端的位置信息和/或终端的测量报告信息。相应的，第一网络设备接收来自终端的位置信息和/或终端的测量报告信息。
可以理解的是，测量报告信息为终端根据第一网络设备配置的测量配置，进行测量，得到的网络测量结果。其中，网络测量结果包括：该终端的邻区或频点的信号强度、信号质量等参数信息。终端通过向第一网络设备提供测量报告信息，便于第一网络设备根据测量报告信息为终端配置第二配置信息，第二配置信息包括小区切换条件。可选的，第一网络设备还可以根据测量报告消息为终端配置目标小区。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法在步骤1004a之后还可以包括：第一网络设备可以利用终端的测量报告信息确定该终端的第一配置信息和/或第二配置信息。其中，第一配置信息用于终端确定目标小区。第二配置信息用于终端确定进行小区切换的条件。
一方面，终端向第一网络设备提供终端的位置信息便于第一网络设备根据终端的位置信息以及第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，确定终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内或外。
另一方面，第一网络设备可以利用终端的位置信息确定该终端的第一配置信息和/或第二配置信息。这样使得为终端配置的第一配置信息和/或第二配置信息有利于终端的后续通信，保证终端的后续通信不中断。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，终端可以基于第一网络设备的触发再向第一网络设备发送终端的位置信息和/或终端的测量报告信息。比如，终端向第一网络设备发送第二消息后，第一网络设备为了进一步确定终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外，或者为了为终端配置可切换的目标小区或者配置小区切换条件(即用于终端确定在满足何种条件的情况下，从第一小区切换到目标小区)，第一网络设备可以向终端发送请求指令，以请求终端提供终端的位置信息和/或终端的测量报告信息。或者第一网络设备还可以从其他设备(比如，AMF网元)处获取终端的位置信息，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
在本申请的另一个可能的实现中，在终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，终端可以主动向第一网络设备发送终端的位置信息和/或终端的测量报告信息。或者协议约定，在终端检测到位于某个卫星服务的小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，需要向第一网络设备发送终端的位置信息和/或终端的测量报告信息。
作为一种示例，终端的位置信息和/或测量报告信息携带在第二消息中，利用第二消息携带终端的位置信息和/或测量报告信息可以节约信令开销。当然，终端的位置信息和/或测量报告信息可以携带在不同于第二消息的消息中，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，在确定终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，即使第一网络设备未指示终端上报判断结果，终端也可以自行决定向第一网络设备上报判断结果。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，第一网络设备确定终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外可以通过以下方式实现：第一网络设备根据第二消息，确定终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外。
在本申请的另一个可能的实现中，第一网络设备根据终端的位置信息以及第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，确定终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外。
或者，在第一网络设备接收到第二消息的情况下，第一网络设备还可以进一步结合终端的位置信息确认该终端是否位于第二卫星对应的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外。
为了保证终端的后续通信正常，第一网络设备在确定终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，还可以指示终端切换该终端的服务小区。
值得说明的是，本申请实施例对上述步骤1003a和步骤1004a的先后顺序不做限定，终端可以先执行步骤1004a再执行步骤1003a，或者同时执行步骤1003a和步骤1004a，即第二消息中包括终端的位置信息和/或终端的测量报告信息。
在本申请的一个可能的实施例中，如图10所示，在第一网络设备确定终端位于第二卫星在地面上的覆盖区域外的情况下，本申请实施例提供的方法在步骤1002之后可以包括：
步骤1005a、第一网络设备向终端发送第三消息。相应的，终端接收来自第一网络设备的第三消息。其中，第三消息用于指示终端将该终端的服务小区从第一小区切换为目标小区。即第三 消息用于指示终端进行小区切换。其中，目标小区和第一小区具有不同的小区标识。
作为一种示例，第三消息中包括第四指示信息，该第四指示信息用于指示终端将该终端的服务小区从第一小区切换为目标小区。该第四指示信息可以和第一配置信息为同一个信息，当然也可以是不同的信息，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
作为另一种示例，第三消息中包括目标小区的信息。目标小区为第一网络设备为终端选择的待切换小区，终端位于该目标小区的范围内。可选的，第一网络设备可以根据终端的位置信息和/或终端的测量报告信息，为终端选择一个小区作为目标小区。比如，目标小区的信号质量或者信号强度高于预设值。
其中，目标小区和第一小区可以属于同一个网络设备，比如第一网络设备。当然，目标小区和第一小区也可以属于不同的网络设备。比如，第一小区属于第一网络设备覆盖的一个或多个小区中的一个，而目标小区为第三网络设备覆盖的一个小区或多个小区中的一个。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，目标小区也可以由第二卫星提供服务，只不过目标小区和第二小区不同。比如，第二卫星在地面上的覆盖范围包括目标小区在地面上的覆盖范围和第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，虽然终端可能位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外，但是终端可能位于目标小区在地面上的覆盖范围，因此可以将终端切换到目标小区以实现终端继续通过第二卫星进行通信，避免通信中断。当然，目标小区也可能为第三卫星在地面上覆盖的一个小区，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
在本申请的一个可能的实施例中，在第一网络设备确定终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围的情况下，如图10所示，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：
步骤1006a、第一网络设备向终端发送第一配置信息，和/或，第二配置信息。相应的，终端接收来自第一网络设备的第一配置信息，和/或，第二配置信息。
可选的，在第三消息包括：第一配置信息，和/或，第二配置信息的情况下，步骤1006a可以省略。
当然，第一配置信息，和/或，第二配置信息也可以通过第四消息发送给终端，第四消息和第三消息不同。
在本申请的一个可能的实施例中，第一网络设备向终端发送第三消息后，可以主动向终端提供第一配置信息，和/或，第二配置信息。或者第一网络设备若接收到来自终端的请求，便可以向终端发送第一配置信息，和/或，第二配置信息。
作为一种示例，第二配置信息包括CHO候选小区的配置和CHO执行条件。CHO执行条件可以是基于时间的CHO触发条件、基于位置的触发条件、事件(Event A3)、事件A4、事件A5中的任一个或多个。比如，CHO执行条件包括基于时间的CHO触发条件以及以下事件中的任一个或多个：事件(Event A3)、事件A4、事件A5。CHO执行条件包括基于位置的触发条件以及以下事件中的任一个或多个：事件(Event A3)、事件A4、事件A5。
值得说明的是，本申请实施例对上述步骤1005a和步骤1006a的先后顺序不做限定，第一网络设备可以先执行步骤1005a再执行步骤1006a，或者也可以先执行步骤1006a再执行步骤1005a。当然步骤1005a和步骤1006a也可以同时执行。另外，在第一网络设备从终端处确定终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，步骤1005a或步骤1006a位于步骤1003a或者步骤1004a之后。
步骤1007a、终端根据第三消息，将终端的服务小区从第一小区切换为目标小区。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，在终端获取到第一配置信息，和/或，第二配置信息的情况下，上述步骤1007a可以通过以下方式实现：终端根据第一配置信息确定目标小区的信息。终端根据目标小区的信息，从第一小区切换到目标小区。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，终端在接收到第三消息后，可以评估切换条件，在满足第二配置信息指示的小区切换条件的情况下，终端将服务小区从第一小区切换为目标小区。这样避免终端盲目切换导致的切换失败。
在本申请的一个可能的实施例中，可选的，如图10所示，本申请实施例提供的方法在步骤1002之后可以包括步骤1008a和步骤1009a中的任一个或多个：
步骤1008a、终端删除与第二卫星相关的配置信息。比如，第二卫星的NTN参数信息。第二卫星的覆盖开始时间，以及覆盖结束时间等。如第二卫星的星历信息、第二卫星的定时提前(time advance，TA)参数信息、以及第二小区相关的测量配置信息，以及第二小区相关的切换和/或条件切换配置信息等。
值得说明的是，在终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，在终端中具有第二卫星相关的配置信息的情况下，终端可以执行步骤1008a，在终端中不具有第二卫星相关的配置信息的情况下，步骤1008a可以省略。
可选的，在步骤1008a之后，终端可以向第一网络设备发送反馈响应，以表示已删除与第二卫星相关的配置信息。
本申请实施例中在终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，终端通过删除与第二卫星相关的配置信息可以减少对终端内存的占用。
当然，在第一网络设备确定终端位于第二卫星在地面上的覆盖区域外的情况下，第一网络设备可以指示终端删除第二卫星相关的配置信息。比如，第一网络设备触发终端进行小区切换时可以向终端发送第六指示信息，以指示终端删除第二卫星相关的配置信息。当然该终端也可以在终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，主动删除与第二卫星相关的配置信息。
可选的，在目标小区即为第二卫星在地面上覆盖的一个小区的情况下，终端可以不执行步骤1008a，但是执行获取第二卫星的星历信息的步骤。
步骤1009a、终端不执行获取第二卫星的星历信息的步骤。
值得说明的是，本申请中对终端执行上述步骤1008a和步骤1009a的先后顺序不做限定，比如，终端可以先执行步骤1009a再执行步骤1008a。
场景(2)、终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。
在场景(2)中，如图10所示，可选的，本申请实施例提供的方法在步骤1002之后还可以包括：通知阶段、同步阶段以及随机接入阶段中的一个或多个。其中，通知阶段包括步骤1003b和步骤1004b。通知阶段的目的在于使得第一网络设备确定终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内，即终端后续可以利用第二卫星进行通信。
步骤1003b、终端向第一网络设备发送第四消息。相应的，第一网络设备接收来自终端的第四消息。其中，第四消息用于表示终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。
可选的，第四消息中可以包括第四指示信息，该第四指示信息用于指示终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。
可选的，第四消息可以为预定义的专门用于终端和网络设备之间交互终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内的消息，这样对于第一网络设备而言，接收到第四消息，便可以确定终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。
在终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内的情况下，该终端也可以向第一网络设备发送终端的位置信息和/或终端的测量报告信息。具体过程和实现可以参考在终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，终端向第一网络设备发送终端的位置信息和/或终端的测量报告信息的过程。
步骤1004b、第一网络设备确定终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，上述步骤1003b可以省略，即终端确定位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内的情况下可以无需向第一网络设备反馈第四消息。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，在第一网络设备接收到第四消息的情况下，步骤1004b可以通过以下方式实现：第一网络设备根据第四消息确定终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。
可选的，第四消息中包括第四指示信息的情况下，步骤1004b可以通过以下方式实现：第一网络设备根据第四指示信息，确定终端位于第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，第一网络设备获取到终端的位置信息的情况下，步骤1004b可以通过以下方式实现：第一网络设备可以根据终端的位置信息以及第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围确定终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。
可选的，在由终端利用第四消息通知第一网络设备该终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内的情况下，第一网络设备还可以根据终端的位置信息以及第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，进一步确认终端确实位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。
可选的，第一网络设备在确定终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖区域内的情况下，第一网络设备还可以向终端发送包含第二卫星的NTN参数信息。NTN参数信息包含终端接入第二卫星对应的NTN网络(或者第二小区)所必须的参数信息。如果终端通过第二卫星接入NTN网络，那么NTN参数信息是指卫星星历、星历的有效时间、公共定时提前参数等参数信息。
可选的，第一网络设备在确定终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内的情况下，第一网络设备还可以向终端发送第二卫星的NTN参数信息的指示信息。该指示信息指示NTN参数的位置信息。如第二卫星的NTN参数信息所在的系统消息块信息。
值得说明的是，在终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内的情况下，第一网络设备再向终端发送第二卫星的NTN参数信息和/或第二卫星的NTN参数信息的指示信息，这样可以保证所发送的信息对终端而言是可用的信息。
可选的，上述第二卫星的NTN参数信息和/或第二卫星的NTN参数信息的指示信息也可以由第一网络设备在通知终端发生卫星交替的过程中向终端提供，比如携带在第一消息中。
其中，同步阶段的目的是为了使得终端同步到第二卫星对应的第二网络设备，以接收来自第二网络设备的下行传输，比如，广播消息。作为一种示例，同步阶段包括步骤1005b。
步骤1005b、终端在第二小区执行下行同步，以同步到第二卫星对应的第二网络设备。
作为一种示例，第二网络设备和第一网络设备可以为同一个网络设备。或者，第二网络设备和第一网络设备为不同的网络设备，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，在第一卫星的覆盖结束时间之前，和/或，在第二卫星的覆盖开始时间之后，终端同步到第二网络设备。
作为一种示例，步骤1005b可以通过以下方式实现：终端在第一小区搜索该第二小区的下行同步信号，进而执行下行同步(例如：搜索该第二小区的同步信号，并获得下行定时，即获得该第二小区在第二卫星中的系统帧、子帧、时隙、符号的边界)。或者终端根据第二卫星的位置、第一卫星的位置以及终端当前的位置信息，更新终端在第二小区的下行同步，即更新第一终端当前获取的第二小区的下行同步。
在本申请的一个可能的实施例中，如图10所示，本申请实施例提供的方法在终端同步到第二网络设备的情况下，还可以包括：
步骤1006b、终端向第二网络设备发起随机接入过程。
举例说明，在终端同步到第二网络设备的情况下，终端可以立刻向第二网络设备发起随机接入过程，当然，也可以在满足第一条件时，再发起随机接入过程。终端通过发起随机接入过程便于终端向第二网络设备发送上行传。
其中，作为一种示例，第一条件包括以下任一项：
第一卫星的覆盖结束时间之前；
第二卫星的覆盖开始时间之后；
存在数据传输需求(比如，接收来自第二网络设备的下行数据，和/或，向第二网络设备发送上行数据)；
终端的上行时间调整定时器未超时。
可以理解的是，终端的上行时间调整定时器未超时则表面终端与第一卫星对应的第一网络设备之间存在待传输的上行数据，且未结束。
在本申请的一个可能的实现中，在满足第二条件时，终端同步到第二网络设备之后，无需向第二网络设备发起随机接入过程，作为一种示例，第二条件至少包括终端的上行时间调整定时器超时，或者终端不存在上行数据传输需求，或者终端的上行时间调整定时器未开启。
可选的，在终端的上行时间调整定时器超时时，如果终端未向第二网络设备发起随机接入过程。等后续有存在上行数据传输需求时，终端也可以发起随机接入过程。
关于终端向第二网络设备发送随机接入过程的具体实现可以参考现有技术中的描述，本申请 实施例对此不做限定。
在本申请的一个可选的实施例中，在终端通过随机接入过程接入第二网络设备的情况下，如图10所示，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：
步骤1007b、第二网络设备向终端发送第一命令(比如，上行时间调整命令)。相应的，终端接收来自第二网络设备的第一命令(比如，上行时间调整命令)。
步骤1008b、终端根据第一命令，重启终端的上行时间调整定时器。
在本申请的一个可能的实现方式中，在终端位于第二卫星在地面上的覆盖区域的情况下，本申请实施例提供的方法还可以包括：终端在第二卫星对应的NTN参数信息失效前，重新获得第二卫星的NTN参数信息。
可选的，终端应该在第一卫星离开前(即第一卫星的覆盖结束时间之前)，获得第二卫星的NTN参数信息。即终端应该保证第一卫星离开时，第二卫星的NTN参数信息有效。
可选的，终端可以通过第一卫星获得第二卫星的NTN参数信息。
可选的，终端可以通过第二卫星获得第二卫星的NTN参数信息。
可选的，在终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内的情况下，终端可以不评估其它的CHO条件。可选的，终端可以不执行CHO对应的候选目标小区的测量。可选的，终端可以释放其它的CHO配置。可选的，终端还可以向第一网络设备发送指示信息以指示该终端不评估或不测量或释放的CHO配置。可选的，该不评估或不测量或释放的CHO配置的指示信息可以在第四消息中携带。作为一种示例。可以通过CHO标识信息释放CHO配置。如终端上报需要释放的CHO配置对应的标识。
上述主要从各个网元之间交互的角度对本申请实施例的方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是，各个网元，例如第一网络设备、终端等为了实现上述功能，其包括了执行各个功能相应的结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例第一网络设备、终端进行功能单元的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能单元，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对单元的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
上面结合图9至图10，对本申请实施例的方法进行了说明，下面对本申请实施例提供的执行上述方法的通信装置进行描述。本领域技术人员可以理解，方法和装置可以相互结合和引用，本申请实施例提供的通信装置可以执行上述分析方法中由终端、第一网络设备执行的步骤。
在采用集成单元的情况下，图11示出了上述实施例中所涉及的通信装置，该通信装置可以包括：通信模块113和处理模块112。
在一种可选的实现方式中，该通信装置还可以包括存储模块111，用于存储通信装置的程序代码和数据。
一种示例，该通信装置为终端，或者为应用于终端中的芯片。在这种情况下，通信模块113用于支持该通信装置与外部网元(例如，第一网络设备)通信。例如，通信模块113用于执行上述方法实施例中终端的信号收发操作。处理模块112用于执行上述方法实施例中终端的信号处理操作。
举例说明，通信模块113用于执行上述实施例的图9的步骤901或图10的步骤1001中由终端执行的接收动作。处理模块112，用于支持该通信装置执行图9的步骤902或图10步骤1002中由终端执行的动作。
在终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，可选的，通信模块113还用于执行上述实施例的图10的步骤1003a中由终端执行的发送动作。可选的，通信模块113还用于执行上述 实施例的图10的步骤1004a中由终端执行的发送动作。可选的，通信模块113还用于执行上述实施例的图10的步骤1005a和/或步骤1006a中由终端执行的接收动作。可选的，处理模块112还用于执行上述实施例的图10的步骤1007a。可选的，处理模块112还用于执行上述实施例的图10的步骤1008a和/或步骤1009a。
在终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内的情况下，可选的，通信模块113还用于执行上述实施例的图10的步骤1003b和/或步骤1004b中由终端执行的发送动作。可选的，处理模块112还用于执行步骤1005b以及步骤1006b。可选的，通信模块113还用于执行上述实施例的图10的步骤1007b中由终端执行的接收的动作。处理模块112还用于执行步骤1008b。
另一种示例，该通信装置为第一网络设备，或者为应用于第一网络设备中的芯片。在这种情况下，通信模块113用于支持该通信装置与外部网元(例如，终端)通信。例如，通信模块113用于执行上述方法实施例中第一网络设备的信号收发操作。处理模块112用于执行上述方法实施例中第一网络设备的信号处理操作。
举例说明，通信模块113用于执行上述实施例的图9的步骤901或图10的步骤1001中由第一网络设备执行的发送动作。
可选的，通信模块113用于执行上述实施例的图10的步骤1003a或步骤1003b中由第一网络设备执行的接收的动作。
可选的，通信模块113用于执行上述实施例的图10的步骤1004a或步骤1004b中由第一网络设备执行的接收的动作。
可选的，在终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，通信模块113用于执行上述实施例的图10的步骤1005a中由第一网络设备执行的发送的动作。
可选的，在终端位于第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，通信模块113用于执行上述实施例的图10的步骤1006a中由第一网络设备执行的发送的动作。
需要说明的是，图11所示的通信模块113还可以采用通信单元替换，处理模块112还可以参考处理单元替换。存储模块111还可以采用存储单元替换。处理单元用于对通信装置的动作进行控制管理，例如，处理单元用于执行在通信装置进行信息/数据处理的步骤。通信单元用于支持通信装置进行信息/数据发送或者接收的步骤。
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信单元可以包括接收单元和发送单元，接收单元用于接收信号，发送单元用于发送信号。
其中，处理模块112可以是处理器或控制器，例如可以是中央处理器单元，通用处理器，数字信号处理器，专用集成电路，现场可编程门阵列或者其他可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件、硬件部件或者其任意组合。其可以实现或执行结合本申请公开内容所描述的各种示例性的逻辑方框，模块和电路。处理器也可以是实现计算功能的组合，例如包含一个或多个微处理器组合，数字信号处理器和微处理器的组合等等。通信模块可以是收发器、收发电路或通信接口等。存储模块可以是存储器。
当处理模块112为处理器1201或处理器1205，通信模块113为通信接口1203时，存储模块111为存储器1202时，本申请所涉及的通信装置可以为图12所示的通信设备。
图12所示为本申请实施例提供的通信设备的硬件结构示意图。本申请实施例中的终端、第一网络设备的结构均可以参考如图12所示的通信设备的结构示意图。该通信设备包括处理器1201，通信线路1204以及至少一个通信接口(图12中示例性的以通信接口1203为例进行说明)。
处理器1201可以是一个通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，微处理器，特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或一个或多个用于控制本申请方案程序执行的集成电路。
通信线路1204可包括一通路，在上述组件之间传送信息。
通信接口1203，用于与其他装置进行信息交互，例如使用任何收发器一类的装置，用于与其他设备或通信网络通信，如以太网，无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)，无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)等。
可选的，该通信设备还可以包括存储器1202。
存储器1202可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。存储器可以是独立存在，通过通信线路1204与处理器相连接。存储器也可以和处理器集成在一起。
其中，存储器1202用于存储执行本申请方案的计算机执行指令，并由处理器1201来控制执行。处理器1201用于执行存储器1202中存储的计算机执行指令，从而实现本申请下述实施例提供的一种网络的接入方法。
可选的，本申请实施例中的计算机执行指令也可以称之为应用程序代码，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，处理器1201可以包括一个或多个CPU，例如图12中的CPU0和CPU1。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，通信设备可以包括多个处理器，例如图12中的处理器1201和处理器1205。这些处理器中的每一个可以是一个单核(single-CPU)处理器，也可以是一个多核(multi-CPU)处理器。这里的处理器可以指一个或多个设备、电路、和/或用于处理数据(例如计算机程序指令)的处理核。
图13是本申请实施例提供的芯片130的结构示意图。芯片130包括一个或两个以上(包括两个)处理器1310和通信接口1330。
可选的，该芯片130还包括存储器1340，存储器1340可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器1310提供操作指令和数据。存储器1340的一部分还可以包括非易失性随机存取存储器(non-volatile random access memory，NVRAM)。
在一些实施方式中，存储器1340存储了如下的元素，执行模块或者数据结构，或者他们的子集，或者他们的扩展集。
在本申请实施例中，通过调用存储器1340存储的操作指令(该操作指令可存储在操作系统中)，执行相应的操作。
一种可能的实现方式中为：终端、第一网络设备所用的芯片的结构类似，不同的装置可以使用不同的芯片以实现各自的功能。
处理器1310控制终端、第一网络设备中任一个的处理操作，处理器1310还可以称为中央处理单元(central processing unit，CPU)。
存储器1340可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器1310提供指令和数据。存储器1340的一部分还可以包括NVRAM。例如应用中存储器1340、通信接口1330以及存储器1340通过总线系统1320耦合在一起，其中总线系统1320除包括数据总线之外，还可以包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图13中将各种总线都标为总线系统1320。
上述本申请实施例揭示的方法可以应用于处理器1310中，或者由处理器1310实现。处理器1310可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器1310中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器1310可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processing，DSP)、ASIC、现成可编程门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器1340，处理器1310读取存储器1340中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
一种可能的实现方式中，通信接口1330用于执行图9-图10所示的实施例中的终端、第一网络设备的接收和发送的步骤。处理器1310用于执行图6-图10所示的实施例中的终端、第一网络设备的处理的步骤。
以上通信模块可以是该装置的一种通信接口，用于从其它装置接收信号。例如，当该装置以芯片的方式实现时，该通信模块是该芯片用于从其它芯片或装置接收信号或发送信号的通信接口。
一方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当指令被运行时，实现如图9或图10中由终端执行的功能。
一方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当指令被运行时，实现如图9或图10中由第一网络设备执行的功能。
一方面，提供一种包括指令的计算机程序产品，计算机程序产品中包括指令，当指令被运行时，实现如图6中由终端执行的功能。
又一方面，提供一种包括指令的计算机程序产品，计算机程序产品中包括指令，当指令被运行时，实现如图9或图10中由第一网络设备执行的功能。
一方面，提供一种芯片，该芯片应用于终端中，芯片包括至少一个处理器和通信接口，通信接口和至少一个处理器耦合，处理器用于运行指令，以实现如图9或图10中由终端执行的功能。
又一方面，本申请实施例提供一种芯片，该芯片应用于接入管理网元中，芯片包括至少一个处理器和通信接口，通信接口和至少一个处理器耦合，该处理器用于运行指令，以实现如图9或图10中由第一网络设备执行的功能。
本申请实施例提供一种通信系统，该通信系统包括：第一网络设备和终端。其中，第一网络设备用于执行如图9或图10中由第一网络设备执行的功能，终端用于执行图9或图10中由终端执行的功能。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机程序或指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序或指令时，全部或部分地执行本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、网络设备、用户设备或者其它可编程装置。所述计算机程序或指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机程序或指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线或无线方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是集成一个或多个可用介质的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带；也可以是光介质，例如，数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD)；还可以是半导体介质，例如，固态硬盘(solid state drive，SSD)。
尽管在此结合各实施例对本申请进行了描述，然而，在实施所要求保护的本申请过程中，本领域技术人员通过查看附图、公开内容、以及所附权利要求书，可理解并实现公开实施例的其他变化。在权利要求中，“包括”(comprising)一词不排除其他组成部分或步骤，“一”或“一个”不排除多个的情况。单个处理器或其他单元可以实现权利要求中列举的若干项功能。相互不同的从属权利要求中记载了某些措施，但这并不表示这些措施不能组合起来产生良好的效果。
尽管结合具体特征及其实施例对本申请进行了描述，显而易见的，在不脱离本申请的精神和范围的情况下，可对其进行各种修改和组合。相应地，本说明书和附图仅仅是所附权利要求所界定的本申请的示例性说明，且视为已覆盖本申请范围内的任意和所有修改、变化、组合或等同物。显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包括这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端接收来自第一网络设备的第一消息，所述第一消息用于指示为第一小区提供服务的卫星从第一卫星更新为第二卫星，所述第一小区为所述终端接入的小区，所述第一网络设备与所述第一卫星对应，所述第一消息包括第一信息，所述第一信息用于确定所述第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，所述第一小区和所述第二小区具有相同的小区标识；
    基于所述第一消息，所述终端根据所述终端的位置以及所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，确定所述终端位于所述覆盖范围内或者所述覆盖范围外。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端根据所述终端的位置以及所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，确定所述终端位于所述覆盖范围内或者所述覆盖范围外之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端向所述第一网络设备发送第二消息，所述第二消息用于指示所述终端位于所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内，或者，所述第二消息用于指示所述终端位于所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端根据所述终端的位置以及所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，确定所述终端位于所述覆盖范围内或者所述覆盖范围外之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端向所述第一网络设备发送所述终端的位置信息，和/或，所述终端的测量报告信息，所述测量报告信息包括用于指示所述终端的邻区的信号质量的信息。
  4. 根据权利要求1～3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，如果所述终端位于所述第二卫星服务的所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端在所述第二小区执行下行同步，以同步到所述第二小区对应的第二网络设备，所述第二网络设备对应所述第二卫星。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，在满足第一条件的情况下，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端向所述第二网络设备发起随机接入过程，其中，所述第一条件包括以下任一项或多项：
    所述第一卫星的覆盖结束时间之前；
    所述第二卫星的覆盖开始时间之后；
    存在数据传输需求；
    所述终端的上行时间调整定时器未超时。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，在满足第二条件的情况下，所述终端无需向所述第二网络设备发起随机接入过程，所述第二条件至少包括所述终端的上行时间调整定时器超时，或者所述终端的上行时间调整定时器未开启。
  7. 根据权利要求1～3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，如果所述终端位于所述第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端接收来自所述第一网络设备的第三消息，所述第三消息用于指示所述终端切换到目标小区，所述目标小区与所述第一小区具有不同的小区标识，所述终端位于所述目标小区的覆盖范围内；
    所述终端根据所述第三消息，将所述终端的服务小区从所述第一小区切换为所述目标小区。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三消息包括：第一配置信息，所述第一配置信息用于所述终端确定所述目标小区的信息，
    所述终端根据所述第三消息，将所述终端的服务小区从所述第一小区切换为所述目标小区，包括：
    所述终端根据所述第一配置信息，确定所述目标小区的信息；
    所述终端根据所述目标小区的信息，将所述终端的服务小区从所述第一小区切换为所述目标小区。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三消息包括：第二配置信息，所述第二配置信息包括为所述终端配置的小区切换条件；
    所述终端根据所述第三消息，将所述终端的服务小区从所述第一小区切换为所述目标小区，包括：
    在满足所述第二配置信息包括的所述小区切换条件的情况下，所述终端将所述终端的服务小区从所述第一小区切换为所述目标小区。
  10. 根据权利要求1～9任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息包括第一时间参数和/或第二时间参数，其中，所述第一时间参数用于确定所述第二小区对应所述第二卫星在地面上的覆盖开始时间，所述第二时间参数，用于确定所述第二小区对应的所述第二卫星在地面上的覆盖结束时间；
    所述方法还包括：
    所述终端根据所述第一时间参数和/或第二时间参数，在所述第二卫星在地面上的覆盖开始时间之后同步到所述第二卫星对应的第二网络设备或者在所述第二卫星在地面上的覆盖开始时间之前向所述第一网络设备发送第二消息。
  11. 根据权利要求1～10任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息还包括以下信息中的一个或多个：
    所述终端通过在所述第二小区执行下行同步的时间信息；
    所述第二卫星的NTN参数信息，所述NTN参数信息包括所述终端接入所述第二卫星对应的NTN网络所需要的参数信息；
    第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述NTN参数信息的位置信息；
    测量定时配置的信息，用于指示所述终端按照所述测量定时配置搜索所述第二小区在所述第二卫星下的下行同步信号。
  12. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一卫星对应的第一网络设备发送第一消息，所述第一消息用于指示为第一小区提供服务的卫星从所述第一卫星更新为第二卫星，所述第一消息包括第一信息，所述第一信息用于确定所述第二卫星服务的第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，所述第一小区和所述第二小区具有相同的小区标识。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息包括第一时间参数和/或第二时间参数；
    其中，所述第一时间参数用于确定所述第二小区对应所述第二卫星在地面上的覆盖开始时间；
    所述第二时间参数，用于确定所述第二小区对应的所述第二卫星在地面上的覆盖结束时间。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息还包括以下信息中的一个或多个：
    终端通过所述第二卫星在所述第二小区执行下行同步的时间信息；
    所述第二卫星的NTN参数信息，所述NTN参数信息包括终端接入所述第二小区所需要的参数信息；
    第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述NTN参数信息的位置信息；
    测量定时配置的信息，用于指示终端按照所述测量定时配置搜索所述第二小区在所述第二卫星下的下行同步信号。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息包括所述测量定时配置的信息，所述测量定时配置由所述第一卫星中所述第一小区的下行定时关系配置得到，或者，所述测量定时配置由所述第二卫星中所述第二小区的下行定时关系配置，所述下行定时关系用于确定所述第二小区的下行同步信号的第一个子帧号和系统帧号。
  16. 根据权利要求12～15任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一网络设备确定接入所述第一小区的第一终端位于所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外的情况下，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备向接入所述第一终端发送第三消息，所述第三消息用于指示所述第一终端切换到目标小区，所述目标小区与所述第一小区的小区标识不同，所述第一终端位于所述目标小 区的覆盖范围内。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备向所述第一终端发送第一配置信息，和/或，第二配置信息，其中，所述第一配置信息用于所述第一终端确定所述目标小区的信息，所述第二配置信息用于所述第一终端确定小区切换的条件。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一配置信息和所述第二配置信息中的一个或多个由所述第一终端的位置信息和/或所述第一终端的测量报告信息确定，所述测量报告信息包括用于指示所述第一终端的邻区的信号质量的信息。
  19. 根据权利要求12～18任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备接收来自第一终端的第二消息，所述第一终端为接入所述第一小区的终端；
    所述第一网络设备根据所述第二消息，确定所述第一终端位于所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外，或者，所述第一终端位于所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二消息包括所述第一终端的位置信息，所述第一网络设备根据所述第二消息，确定所述第一终端位于所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外，或者，所述第一终端位于所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内，包括：
    所述第一网络设备根据所述第一终端的位置信息，以及所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围，确定所述第一终端位于所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围外或者所述第一终端位于所述第二小区在地面上的覆盖范围内。
  21. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述可读存储介质中存储有指令，当所述指令被执行时，实现如权利要求1～11或12～20任一项所述的方法。
  22. 一种芯片，其特征在于，所述芯片包括处理器，所述处理器和通信接口耦合，所述处理器用于运行计算机程序或指令，以实现如权利要求1～11或12～20任一项所述的方法，所述通信接口用于与所述芯片之外的其它模块进行通信。
  23. 一种终端，其特征在于，包括：至少一个处理器，所述至少一个处理器与通信接口连接，所述通信接口用于接收或发送信息，所述至少一个处理器用于运行存储器中存储的指令以执行如权利要求1～11任一项所述的方法。
  24. 一种网络设备，其特征在于，包括：至少一个处理器，所述至少一个处理器与通信接口连接，所述通信接口用于接收或发送信息，所述至少一个处理器用于运行存储器中存储的指令以执行如权利要求12～20任一项所述的方法。
  25. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括：终端以及与第一卫星对应的第一网络设备，所述第一网络设备用于执行权利要求12～20任一项所述的方法，所述终端用于实现如权利要求1～11任一项所述的方法。
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