WO2024021920A1 - 供电系统及并网控制方法 - Google Patents

供电系统及并网控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024021920A1
WO2024021920A1 PCT/CN2023/100649 CN2023100649W WO2024021920A1 WO 2024021920 A1 WO2024021920 A1 WO 2024021920A1 CN 2023100649 W CN2023100649 W CN 2023100649W WO 2024021920 A1 WO2024021920 A1 WO 2024021920A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
inverter
power adjustment
adjustment amount
grid
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/100649
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐飞
于心宇
辛凯
王淑超
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Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP23845133.0A priority Critical patent/EP4395103A4/en
Publication of WO2024021920A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024021920A1/zh
Priority to US18/625,478 priority patent/US12438371B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Arrangements for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/16—Arrangements for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/46—Controlling the sharing of generated power between the generators, sources or networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/46—Controlling the sharing of generated power between the generators, sources or networks
    • H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of active power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/46—Controlling the sharing of generated power between the generators, sources or networks
    • H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of reactive power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/493—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
    • H02J2101/20—Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
    • H02J2101/22—Solar energy
    • H02J2101/24—Photovoltaics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of power electronics technology, and in particular, to a power supply system and a grid-connected control method.
  • the inverter can convert the DC power generated by the new energy power station into AC power and integrate it into the grid.
  • the impedance of the load in the system usually changes (or due to unstable power generated by the new energy power supply system, etc.)
  • the voltage and frequency of the grid connection point where the new energy power supply system is connected to the grid will change. Fluctuation, which will increase the loss of electrical energy equipment and even endanger equipment safety.
  • the inventor of this application found that in the existing technology, the inverter is generally equivalent to a current source, and the output voltage (and output frequency) of the inverter at the detection point and the reactive power are (and active power).
  • this control method is complex and cumbersome, the control cost is high, and the error of the linear control method is large, and there are differences in the output voltage and output frequency between the detection point and the grid connection point, which increases the control error. , poor control effect.
  • This application provides a power supply system and grid-connected control method that can adjust the output power of the inverter through the power station acquisition module and the inverter acquisition control circuit. It has a simple structure and a simple control method, improves control accuracy and regulation efficiency, and reduces control time. , reduce control costs.
  • this application provides a power supply system, which includes a power supply, an inverter, a transformer, a power station acquisition module and an inverter acquisition control circuit.
  • the power supply can be connected to the grid through the inverter and the transformer.
  • the transformer can be connected to the grid at the grid connection point.
  • One end of the power station acquisition module can be connected to the grid connection point.
  • the other end of the power station acquisition module can be connected to the first end of the inverter acquisition control circuit.
  • the second end of the inverter acquisition control circuit can be connected between the inverter and the transformer, and the third end of the inverter acquisition control circuit can be connected to the inverter.
  • the power station acquisition module here can be used to obtain the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point, and obtain the power station power adjustment signal based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit here can be used to obtain the amplitude value and frequency of the inverter's output voltage, and obtain the inverter power adjustment signal based on the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage, and based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal Control the inverter to output target output power.
  • the power station acquisition module can obtain the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point.
  • the amplitude and frequency of the grid-connected voltage are related to the power of the power station (that is, the power output by the power supply system at the grid-connected point).
  • the system can determine the adjustment amount of the power station power based on the amplitude and frequency of the grid-connected voltage, and then obtain the power of the power station. Adjust the signal.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can obtain the amplitude value and frequency of the inverter's output voltage.
  • the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage of the inverter are related to the inverter power (that is, the power output by the inverter), and the inverter acquisition control circuit can determine the inverter based on the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage of the inverter.
  • the adjustment amount of variable power is obtained, and then the inverter power adjustment signal is obtained. Since there are other functional modules or electrical energy components (for example, transformers, etc.) between the output end of the inverter and the grid connection point, the inverter acquisition control circuit can jointly obtain the inverter output power based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal.
  • the target adjustment amount can control the inverter output target output power.
  • the system can collect the grid-connected voltage of the grid-connected point and the amplitude and frequency of the output voltage of the inverter through the power station acquisition module and the inverter acquisition control circuit, and determine the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter respectively.
  • the power adjustment signal is used to adjust the output power of the inverter based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal.
  • the structure is simple, the control method is simple, the control accuracy and adjustment efficiency are improved, the control time is reduced, and the control cost is reduced.
  • the inverter collection control circuit may include an inverter collection module and a power adjustment module.
  • the first end of the power adjustment module can be used as the first end of the inverter acquisition control circuit to be connected to the power station acquisition module, and one end of the inverter acquisition module can be used as the second end of the inverter acquisition control circuit to be connected between the inverter and the transformer.
  • the other end of the inverter acquisition module can be connected to the second end of the power adjustment module, and the third end of the power adjustment module can be connected to the inverter as the third end of the inverter acquisition control circuit.
  • the inverter acquisition module here can be used to obtain the amplitude value and frequency of the inverter's output voltage, obtain the inverter reactive power adjustment amount based on the amplitude value of the output voltage, and obtain the inverter active power adjustment amount based on the frequency of the output voltage, and The inverter power adjustment signal is obtained based on the inverter reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount.
  • the power adjustment module here can be used to generate an output power adjustment signal based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal, and control the inverter to output the target output power through the output power adjustment signal.
  • the inverter acquisition module obtains the amplitude value and frequency of the inverter's output voltage, there is no difference between the amplitude value of the inverter's output voltage and the inverter power (that is, the power output by the inverter).
  • the active power adjustment amount is non-linearly related.
  • the frequency of the output voltage of the inverter is non-linearly related to the active power adjustment amount in the inverter power (that is, the power output by the inverter).
  • the inverter acquisition module can be based on the inverter respectively.
  • the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage of the inverter determine the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the inverter power, and then the inverter power adjustment signal is obtained.
  • the power adjustment module can jointly obtain the target adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the power station power adjustment signal output by the power station acquisition module and the inverter power adjustment signal output by the inverter acquisition control circuit, and can control the inverter output. Target output power.
  • the inverter acquisition module can determine the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the inverter power based on the amplitude value and frequency of the inverter's output voltage, respectively, and then obtain the inverter power adjustment signal
  • the power adjustment module can jointly obtain the target adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the power station power adjustment signal output by the power station acquisition module and the inverter power adjustment signal output by the inverter acquisition control circuit, and can control the inverter output target output power.
  • Simple structure the system can control the reactive power and active power of the inverter respectively, improving control accuracy and regulation efficiency, reducing control time, and reducing control costs.
  • the power station power adjustment signal may include a power station reactive power adjustment amount and a power station active power adjustment amount.
  • the power station acquisition module here can also be used to obtain the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station based on the amplitude value of the grid-connected voltage, obtain the active power adjustment amount of the power station based on the frequency of the grid-connected voltage, and output the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station to the inverter acquisition control circuit. and the active power adjustment amount of the power station.
  • the power station acquisition module obtains the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage
  • the amplitude value of the grid-connected voltage is non-linear with the reactive power adjustment amount in the power station power (that is, the power output by the power supply system at the grid-connected point)
  • the frequency of the grid-connected voltage is nonlinearly related to the active power adjustment amount in the power station power (that is, the power output by the power supply system at the grid-connected point).
  • the power station acquisition module can be based on the amplitude value of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point and The frequency determines the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the power station power, and then outputs the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the power station to the inverter collection circuit.
  • the power station acquisition module can determine the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the power station power based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connection point, and then adjust the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station power. and active power adjustment amount are output to the power adjustment module in the inverter acquisition circuit as the power station power adjustment signal.
  • the power adjustment module can obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount, and can also obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the power station useful power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount.
  • the target active power adjustment amount of the inverter output power can be obtained quantitatively, and the target output power of the inverter can be controlled (here, the target output power can include the target reactive power and target active power), with simple structure.
  • the system can control the inverter output target reactive power and/or target active power respectively, improving control accuracy and regulation efficiency, reducing control time, and reducing control costs.
  • the power station power adjustment signal may include the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage.
  • the power station acquisition module here can also be used to obtain the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point, and output the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point to the inverter acquisition control circuit.
  • the power station acquisition module can obtain the grid connection point
  • the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage are output to the inverter acquisition control circuit, and the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage are output to the inverter acquisition control circuit.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit confirms the power of the power station based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage. Adjustment amount.
  • the system can be used in scenarios where the communication speed (or frequency) of the power station acquisition module and the inverter acquisition control circuit is limited, or in other scenarios where real-time communication between the power station acquisition module and the inverter acquisition control circuit is inconvenient.
  • the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point are output to the inverter acquisition control circuit through the inverter acquisition control circuit, and the inverter acquisition control circuit confirms the adjustment amount of the power station power based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage.
  • the method is simple, flexible and highly applicable, which enriches the applicable scenarios and scope of the system.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit may further include a signal confirmation module.
  • the first end of the power adjustment module can be connected to the power station acquisition module through the signal confirmation module.
  • the signal confirmation module here can be used to obtain the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station based on the amplitude value of the grid-connected voltage, obtain the active power adjustment amount of the power station based on the frequency of the grid-connected voltage, and output the reactive power adjustment amount and active power of the power station to the power adjustment module. Adjustment amount.
  • the signal confirmation module can determine the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the power station power based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid connection voltage at the grid connection point. Then, the reactive power adjustment amount and the active power adjustment amount of the power station power are output to the power adjustment module in the inverter acquisition circuit as the power station power adjustment signal.
  • the power adjustment module can jointly obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount, and can also obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the useful power adjustment amount of the power station and the inverter active power.
  • the adjustment amounts are combined to obtain the target active power adjustment amount of the inverter output power, and can control the inverter to output the target output power (here, the target output power can include target reactive power and target active power), and the structure is simple.
  • the inverter output target reactive power and/or target active power can be controlled separately to improve control accuracy and regulation efficiency, reduce control time, and reduce control costs.
  • the signal confirmation module can determine the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station power based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid connection point. and active power adjustment amount, and then output the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the power station power as the power station power adjustment signal to the power adjustment module in the inverter acquisition circuit.
  • the method is simple and flexible, has high applicability, and enriches the system. Applicable scenarios and scope of application.
  • the power adjustment module can obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the combination of the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount, and can also combine the power station useful power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount.
  • the target active power adjustment amount of the inverter output power is obtained, and the target output power of the inverter can be controlled (here, the target output power may include target reactive power and target active power), and the structure is simple.
  • the system can control the inverter output target reactive power and/or target active power respectively, improving control accuracy and regulation efficiency, reducing control time, and reducing control costs.
  • the power adjustment module may further include an adjustment amount confirmation unit and a power control unit.
  • the power control unit is connected to one end of the inverter and the adjustment amount confirmation unit, and the other end of the adjustment amount confirmation unit is connected to the inverter acquisition module, or the other end of the adjustment amount confirmation unit is connected to the signal confirmation module.
  • the adjustment amount confirmation unit here can be used to obtain the output reactive power adjustment amount based on the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount, and to obtain the output active power adjustment amount based on the power station active power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount.
  • the power control unit here can be used to control the inverter to output the target output power through the output power adjustment signal.
  • the adjustment amount confirmation unit (for example, the proportional integral amplifier circuit) can obtain the output reactive power adjustment amount (that is, the target reactive power of the inverter output power) based on the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount.
  • the output active power adjustment amount (that is, the target active power adjustment amount of the inverter output power) can also be obtained based on the useful power adjustment amount of the power station and the inverter active power adjustment amount, and based on the output reactive power adjustment amount
  • the output active power adjustment amount and the output active power adjustment amount generate an output power adjustment signal (for example, a pulse width modulation signal or other control signal that can control the inverter output power).
  • the power control unit can control the inverter to output target output power through the output power adjustment signal (here, the target output power can include target reactive power and target active power), improve control accuracy and regulation efficiency, reduce control time, and reduce control costs. cost.
  • the inverter reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount satisfy: d 2 Q1(u)/du 2 ⁇ 0 d 2 P1(f)/df 2 ⁇ 0
  • Q1(u) is the function of the inverter reactive power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage amplitude value
  • d 2 Q1(u)/du 2 is the second-order derivative of the inverter reactive power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage amplitude value
  • P1 (f) is the function of the inverter active power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage frequency
  • d 2 P1(f)/df 2 is the second-order derivative of the inverter active power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage frequency.
  • the greater the difference between the output voltage amplitude value and the target output voltage amplitude value, the greater the corresponding inverter reactive power adjustment amount, and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount and the output voltage amplitude value are It is not a simple linear correlation.
  • the difference between the output voltage amplitude value and the target output voltage amplitude value increases, the corresponding inverter reactive power adjustment amount increases faster than the difference between the output voltage amplitude value and the target output voltage amplitude value. value growth rate.
  • Q1(u) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the inverter reactive power adjustment amount is too small, which can also prevent the linear fitting coefficient from being too large, causing the output voltage amplitude value to be inconsistent with the target output voltage amplitude value.
  • the inverter reactive power adjustment amount is too large.
  • the greater the difference between the output voltage frequency and the target output voltage frequency, the greater the corresponding inverter active power adjustment amount, and the inverter active power adjustment amount and the output voltage frequency are not simply Linear correlation, when the difference between the output voltage frequency and the target output voltage frequency increases, the corresponding growth rate of the inverter active power adjustment is greater than the growth rate of the difference between the output voltage frequency and the target output voltage frequency. Therefore, using P1(f) (for example, a quadratic power function) as the function of the inverter active power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage frequency can prevent the output voltage frequency from being different from the target output due to too small linear fitting coefficients during linear fitting.
  • P1(f) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the inverter active power adjustment amount is too small. This can also prevent the inverter active power from being too large when the difference between the output voltage frequency and the target output voltage frequency is small due to the linear fitting coefficient being too large. The adjustment amount is too large.
  • the inverter reactive power can be obtained more accurately based on the output voltage amplitude value.
  • power adjustment amount The method is simple and improves control accuracy and efficiency.
  • P1(f) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the inverter active power adjustment amount can be obtained more accurately based on the output voltage frequency.
  • the method is simple and improves the control accuracy. and control efficiency.
  • the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount satisfy: d 2 Q2(u)/du 2 ⁇ 0 d 2 P2(f)/df 2 ⁇ 0
  • Q2(u) is the function of the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station with respect to the grid-connected voltage amplitude value
  • d 2 Q2(u)/du 2 is the second-order derivative of the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station with respect to the grid-connected voltage amplitude value
  • P2 (f) is the function of the active power adjustment amount of the power station with respect to the grid-connected voltage frequency
  • d 2 P2(f)/df 2 is the second-order derivative of the active power adjustment amount of the power station with respect to the grid-connected voltage frequency.
  • the value is not simply linearly related.
  • the difference between the grid-connected voltage amplitude value and the target grid-connected voltage amplitude value increases, the growth rate of the corresponding power station reactive power adjustment is greater than the grid-connected voltage amplitude value and the target grid-connected voltage. The growth rate of the difference in amplitude values.
  • Q2(u) for example, a quadratic power function
  • Q2(u) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station is too small.
  • This can also prevent the linear fitting from causing the grid-connected voltage amplitude value to be inconsistent with the target grid-connected voltage amplitude value due to an excessively large linear fitting coefficient.
  • the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station is too large.
  • the greater the difference between the grid-connected voltage frequency and the target grid-connected voltage frequency, the greater the corresponding power station active power adjustment amount, and the power station active power adjustment amount and the grid-connected voltage frequency are not simple Linearly related to ground, when the difference between the grid-connected voltage frequency and the target grid-connected voltage frequency increases, the growth rate of the corresponding power station active power adjustment is greater than the growth rate of the difference between the grid-connected voltage frequency and the target grid-connected voltage frequency.
  • P2(f) for example, a quadratic power function
  • P2(f) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the active power adjustment amount of the power station is too small. It can also prevent the power station from having a small difference between the grid-connected voltage frequency and the target grid-connected voltage frequency due to the excessive linear fitting coefficient during linear fitting. The active power adjustment amount is too large.
  • the power station's reactive power adjustment amount can be obtained more accurately based on the grid-connected voltage amplitude value.
  • the power adjustment amount is simple and the method improves the control accuracy and efficiency.
  • P2(f) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the power station's active power adjustment can be obtained more accurately based on the grid-connected voltage frequency.
  • the method is simple and improves the control accuracy. and control efficiency.
  • Qout is the output reactive power adjustment amount
  • Q1 is the inverter reactive power adjustment amount
  • Q2 is the power station reactive power adjustment amount
  • k1 is the output reactive power adjustment coefficient
  • Pout is the output active power adjustment amount
  • P1 is the inverter reactive power adjustment amount.
  • Variable active power adjustment amount P2 is the active power adjustment amount of the power station
  • k2 is the output active power adjustment coefficient.
  • the system can adjust the reactive power of the power station based on Q1 and the inverter reactive power.
  • the output reactive power adjustment amount Qout (that is, the target reactive power adjustment amount of the inverter output power) is obtained by measuring Q1.
  • the output active power adjustment can also be obtained based on the power station useful power adjustment amount P1 and the inverter active power adjustment amount P2.
  • quantity Pout (that is, the target active power adjustment quantity of the inverter output power)
  • an output power adjustment signal for example, a pulse width modulation signal or other Control signal for controlling the output power of the inverter
  • the power supply system may further include a combiner box, and the power supply may be connected to the inverter through the combiner box.
  • the power supply system may further include a DC bus, the power supply may be connected to the DC bus through a combiner box, and the DC bus is connected to the inverter.
  • the power supply system may further include a parallel and off-grid wiring device, and the transformer may be connected to the grid through the parallel and off-grid wiring device.
  • the functional modules in the power supply system are composed in various and flexible ways, which can adapt to different power supply environments, improve the diversity of application scenarios of the power supply system, and enhance the adaptability of the power supply system.
  • the present application provides a grid-connected control method.
  • the grid-connected control method can be applied to the power station acquisition module connected to the grid-connected point in the power supply system and the inverter acquisition control circuit of the power supply system. It can also be applied to the third power supply system.
  • the method includes: the power station acquisition module obtains the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point, and obtains Power station power adjustment signal.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit obtains the amplitude value and frequency of the inverter's output voltage, obtains the inverter power adjustment signal based on the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage, and controls the inverter based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal. Output the target output power.
  • the power station acquisition module can obtain the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point.
  • the amplitude and frequency of the grid-connected voltage are related to the power of the power station (that is, the power output by the power supply system at the grid-connected point).
  • the system can determine the adjustment amount of the power station power based on the amplitude and frequency of the grid-connected voltage, and then obtain the power of the power station. Adjust the signal.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can obtain the amplitude value and frequency of the inverter's output voltage.
  • the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage of the inverter are related to the inverter power (that is, the power output by the inverter), and the inverter acquisition control circuit can determine the inverter based on the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage of the inverter.
  • the adjustment amount of variable power is obtained, and then the inverter power adjustment signal is obtained. Since there are other functional modules or electrical energy components (for example, transformers, etc.) between the output end of the inverter and the grid connection point, the inverter acquisition control circuit can jointly obtain the inverter output power based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal.
  • the target adjustment amount can control the inverter output target output power.
  • the system can collect the grid-connected voltage of the grid-connected point and the amplitude and frequency of the output voltage of the inverter through the power station acquisition module and the inverter acquisition control circuit, and determine the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter respectively.
  • the power adjustment signal is used to adjust the output power of the inverter based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal.
  • the structure is simple, the control method is simple, the control accuracy and adjustment efficiency are improved, the control time is reduced, and the control cost is reduced.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit obtains the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage at the output end of the inverter, and obtains the inverter power adjustment signal based on the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage, And based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal, the output power of the inverter is controlled to the target output power, which may include: obtaining the amplitude value and frequency of the inverter's output voltage, and obtaining the inverter voltage based on the amplitude value of the output voltage.
  • the active power adjustment amount is obtained based on the frequency of the output voltage
  • the inverter power adjustment signal is obtained based on the inverter reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount.
  • An output power adjustment signal is generated based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal, and the output power of the inverter is controlled to be the target output power through the output power adjustment signal.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can determine the reactive power adjustment amount and active power of the inverter power based on the amplitude value and frequency of the inverter's output voltage respectively. The power adjustment amount is obtained, and then the inverter power adjustment signal is obtained.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can jointly obtain the target adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the power station power adjustment signal output by the power station acquisition module and the inverter power adjustment signal output by the inverter acquisition control circuit, and can control the inverter.
  • the device outputs the target output power.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can determine the reactive power adjustment amount and the active power adjustment amount of the inverter power based on the amplitude value and frequency of the inverter's output voltage, respectively, and then obtain the inverter power adjustment signal. , and then the target adjustment amount of the inverter output power can be obtained based on the power station power adjustment signal output by the power station acquisition module and the inverter power adjustment signal output by the inverter acquisition control circuit, and the target output power of the inverter can be controlled. Structure Simple.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can control the reactive power and active power of the inverter respectively, improving control accuracy and regulation efficiency, reducing control time, and reducing control costs.
  • the power station power adjustment signal may include a power station reactive power adjustment amount and a power station active power adjustment amount, based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage.
  • Obtaining the power station power adjustment signal may include: the power station acquisition module obtains the power station reactive power adjustment amount based on the amplitude value of the grid-connected voltage, and obtains the power station active power adjustment amount based on the frequency of the grid-connected voltage, and outputs the power station reactive power adjustment amount to the inverter acquisition control circuit. Active power adjustment amount and power station active power adjustment amount.
  • the power station acquisition module obtains the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage
  • the amplitude value of the grid-connected voltage is non-linear with the reactive power adjustment amount in the power station power (that is, the power output by the power supply system at the grid-connected point)
  • the frequency of the grid-connected voltage is nonlinearly related to the active power adjustment amount in the power station power (that is, the power output by the power supply system at the grid-connected point).
  • the power station acquisition module can be based on the amplitude value of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point and The frequency determines the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the power station power, and then outputs the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the power station to the inverter collection circuit.
  • the power station acquisition module can determine the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the power station power based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connection point, and then adjust the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station power. and active power adjustment amount are output to the power adjustment module in the inverter acquisition circuit as the power station power adjustment signal.
  • the power adjustment module can obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount, and can also obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the power station useful power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount.
  • the target active power adjustment amount of the inverter output power can be obtained quantitatively, and the target output power of the inverter can be controlled (here, the target output power can include target reactive power and target active power), and the structure is simple.
  • the system can control the inverter output target reactive power and/or target active power respectively, improving control accuracy and regulation efficiency, reducing control time, and reducing control costs.
  • the power station power adjustment signal may include the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage.
  • Obtaining the power station power adjustment signal based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage may include: the power station acquisition module obtains the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point, and outputs the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point to the inverter acquisition control circuit. Amplitude value and frequency.
  • the system can be used in scenarios where the communication speed (or frequency) of the power station acquisition module and the inverter acquisition control circuit is limited, or in other scenarios where real-time communication between the power station acquisition module and the inverter acquisition control circuit is inconvenient.
  • the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point are output to the inverter acquisition control circuit through the inverter acquisition control circuit, and the inverter acquisition control circuit confirms the adjustment amount of the power station power based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage.
  • the method is simple, flexible and highly applicable, which enriches the applicable scenarios and scope of the system.
  • the method may include: based on the parallel The amplitude value of the grid voltage is used to obtain the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station. Based on the frequency of the grid-connected voltage, the active power adjustment amount of the power station is obtained. The reactive power of the power station is output. Adjustment amount and power station active power adjustment amount.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can respectively determine the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment of the power station based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid connection voltage at the grid connection point. quantity, and then output the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the power station power as the power station power adjustment signal.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can jointly obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount. It can also obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the power station useful power adjustment amount and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount.
  • the active power adjustment amount is combined to obtain the target active power adjustment amount of the inverter output power, and can control the inverter to output the target output power (here, the target output power can include target reactive power and target active power), and the structure is simple.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can control the inverter output target reactive power and/or target active power respectively, improving control accuracy and regulation efficiency, reducing control time, and reducing control costs.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can determine the reactive power of the power station based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid connection point. Adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount, and then output the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the power station power as the power station power adjustment signal.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can jointly obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount, and can also obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the useful power adjustment amount of the power station and the inverter active power adjustment amount.
  • the target active power adjustment amount of the inverter output power is obtained by combining the quantities, and the target output power of the inverter can be controlled (here, the target output power can include target reactive power and target active power), and the structure is simple.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can control the inverter output target reactive power and/or target active power respectively, improving control accuracy and regulation efficiency, reducing control time, and reducing control costs.
  • the output power adjustment signal is generated based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal, and the output power is The adjustment signal controls the output power of the inverter to be the target output power, which may include: obtaining the output reactive power adjustment amount based on the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount, and obtaining the output reactive power adjustment amount based on the power station active power adjustment amount and the inverter active power
  • the power adjustment amount obtains the output active power adjustment amount
  • an output power adjustment signal is generated based on the output reactive power adjustment amount and the output active power adjustment amount.
  • the inverter is controlled to output the target output power through the output power adjustment signal.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can obtain the output reactive power adjustment amount (that is, the target reactive power adjustment amount of the inverter output power) based on the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount. It can also The output active power adjustment amount (that is, the target active power adjustment amount of the inverter output power) is obtained based on the power station useful power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount, and based on the output reactive power adjustment amount and the output active power adjustment amount Generate an output power adjustment signal (eg, a pulse width modulation signal or other control signal that can control the inverter output power).
  • an output power adjustment signal eg, a pulse width modulation signal or other control signal that can control the inverter output power.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can also control the inverter to output target output power through the output power adjustment signal (here, the target output power can include target reactive power and target active power), improving control accuracy and regulation efficiency, and reducing control time. , reduce control costs.
  • the target output power can include target reactive power and target active power
  • the inverter reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount satisfy: d 2 Q1(u)/du 2 ⁇ 0 d 2 P1(f)/df 2 ⁇ 0
  • Q1(u) is the function of the inverter reactive power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage amplitude value
  • d 2 Q1(u)/du 2 is the second-order derivative of the inverter reactive power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage amplitude value
  • P1 (f) is the function of the inverter active power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage frequency
  • d 2 P1(f)/df 2 is the second-order derivative of the inverter active power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage frequency.
  • the greater the difference between the output voltage amplitude value and the target output voltage amplitude value, the greater the corresponding inverter reactive power adjustment amount, and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount and the output voltage amplitude value are It is not a simple linear correlation.
  • the difference between the output voltage amplitude value and the target output voltage amplitude value increases, the corresponding inverter reactive power adjustment amount increases faster than the difference between the output voltage amplitude value and the target output voltage amplitude value. value growth rate.
  • Q1(u) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the inverter reactive power adjustment amount is too small, which can also prevent the linear fitting coefficient from being too large, causing the output voltage amplitude value to be inconsistent with the target output voltage amplitude value.
  • the inverter reactive power adjustment amount is too large.
  • the greater the difference between the output voltage frequency and the target output voltage frequency, the greater the corresponding inverter active power adjustment amount, and the inverter active power adjustment amount and the output voltage frequency are not simply Linear correlation, when the difference between the output voltage frequency and the target output voltage frequency increases, the corresponding growth rate of the inverter active power adjustment is greater than the growth rate of the difference between the output voltage frequency and the target output voltage frequency. Therefore, using P1(f) (for example, a quadratic power function) as the function of the inverter active power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage frequency can prevent the output voltage frequency from being different from the target output due to too small linear fitting coefficients during linear fitting.
  • P1(f) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the inverter active power adjustment amount is too small. This can also prevent the inverter active power from being too large when the difference between the output voltage frequency and the target output voltage frequency is small due to the linear fitting coefficient being too large. The adjustment amount is too large.
  • the inverter reactive power can be obtained more accurately based on the output voltage amplitude value.
  • the power adjustment amount is simple and the method improves the control accuracy and efficiency.
  • P1(f) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the inverter active power adjustment amount can be obtained more accurately based on the output voltage frequency.
  • the method is simple and improves the control accuracy. and control efficiency.
  • the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount satisfy: d 2 Q2(u)/du 2 ⁇ 0 d 2 P2(f)/df 2 ⁇ 0
  • Q2(u) is the function of the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station with respect to the grid-connected voltage amplitude value
  • d 2 Q2(u)/du 2 is the second-order derivative of the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station with respect to the grid-connected voltage amplitude value
  • P2 (f) is the function of the active power adjustment amount of the power station with respect to the grid-connected voltage frequency
  • d 2 P2(f)/df 2 is the second-order derivative of the active power adjustment amount of the power station with respect to the grid-connected voltage frequency.
  • the value is not simply linearly related.
  • the difference between the grid-connected voltage amplitude value and the target grid-connected voltage amplitude value increases, the growth rate of the corresponding power station reactive power adjustment is greater than the grid-connected voltage amplitude value and the target grid-connected voltage. The growth rate of the difference in amplitude values.
  • Q2(u) for example, a quadratic power function
  • Q2(u) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station is too small.
  • This can also prevent the linear fitting from causing the grid-connected voltage amplitude value to be inconsistent with the target grid-connected voltage amplitude value due to an excessively large linear fitting coefficient.
  • the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station is too large.
  • the corresponding power station active power adjustment amount is larger.
  • the growth rate of the power adjustment amount is greater than the growth rate of the difference between the grid-connected voltage frequency and the target grid-connected voltage frequency.
  • P2(f) for example, a quadratic power function
  • P2(f) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the active power adjustment amount of the power station is too small. It can also prevent the power station from having a small difference between the grid-connected voltage frequency and the target grid-connected voltage frequency due to the excessive linear fitting coefficient during linear fitting. The active power adjustment amount is too large.
  • the power station's reactive power adjustment amount can be obtained more accurately based on the grid-connected voltage amplitude value.
  • the power adjustment amount is simple and the method improves the control accuracy and efficiency.
  • P2(f) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the power station's active power adjustment can be obtained more accurately based on the grid-connected voltage frequency.
  • the method is simple and improves the control accuracy. and control efficiency.
  • Qout is the output reactive power adjustment amount
  • Q1 is the inverter reactive power adjustment amount
  • Q2 is the power station reactive power adjustment amount
  • k1 is the output reactive power adjustment coefficient
  • Pout is the output active power adjustment amount
  • P1 is the inverter reactive power adjustment amount.
  • Variable active power adjustment amount P2 is the active power adjustment amount of the power station
  • k2 is the output active power adjustment coefficient.
  • the system can obtain the output reactive power adjustment amount Qout (that is, the target reactive power adjustment of the inverter output power) based on the power station reactive power adjustment amount Q1 and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount Q1.
  • the output active power adjustment amount Pout (that is, the target active power adjustment amount of the inverter output power) can also be obtained based on the power station useful power adjustment amount P1 and the inverter active power adjustment amount P2, and based on the output reactive power
  • the adjustment quantity Qout and the output active power adjustment quantity Pout generate an output power adjustment signal (for example, a pulse width modulation signal or other control signal that can control the output power of the inverter), which improves control accuracy and efficiency, reduces control time, and reduces control costs. .
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the application scenario of the power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is another structural schematic diagram of the power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the active power adjustment amount and frequency of the power supply system of the power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 5 is another structural schematic diagram of the power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is another structural schematic diagram of the power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is another structural schematic diagram of the power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is another structural schematic diagram of the power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic flow chart of the grid connection control method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG 10 is another schematic flowchart of the grid connection control method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the power supply system provided by this application can be applied to the field of new energy smart microgrid, power transmission and distribution field or new energy field (such as Photovoltaic grid-connected field, thermal power grid-connected field or wind power grid-connected field), photovoltaic power generation field, or wind power generation field, or thermal power generation field, or high-power converter field (such as converting DC power into high-power high-voltage alternating current), etc.
  • Application fields can be determined based on actual application scenarios and are not limited here.
  • the power supply system provided by this application can be applied to power supply systems with different power generation devices such as photovoltaic power supply systems, wind energy power supply systems, thermal power supply systems, nuclear energy power supply systems, chemical power supply systems or biomass power supply systems. The details can be determined according to the actual application scenario.
  • the power supply system provided by this application can be adapted to different application scenarios, such as the application scenario of powering loads in an optical storage power supply environment, the application scenario of powering loads in a wind storage power supply environment, and the application scenarios of pure energy storage power supply environment.
  • the application scenario of supplying power to loads or other application scenarios will be described below by taking the application scenario of supplying power to loads in a pure energy storage power supply environment as an example, and will not be described in detail below.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power supply system 1 includes a power supply 11, an inverter 12, a transformer 13, a power station acquisition module 14 and an inverter acquisition control circuit 10.
  • the power supply 11 can be Transformer 12 is connected to transformer 13.
  • Transformer 13 can be connected to the grid 2 at the grid connection point.
  • One end of the power station acquisition module 14 can be connected to the grid connection point.
  • the other end of the power station acquisition module can be connected to the first end of the inverter acquisition control circuit 10.
  • the second end of the inverter acquisition control circuit 10 can be connected between the inverter 12 and the transformer 13 , and the third end of the inverter acquisition control circuit 10 can be connected to the inverter 12 .
  • the power supply 11 can supply power to the grid 2 through the inverter 12 and the transformer 13 .
  • the power supply 11 can also be connected to the load 3 through the inverter 12 and the transformer 13, and supply power to the load 3 through the inverter 12 and the transformer 13.
  • the inverter 12 can convert the DC power provided by the power supply 11 into AC power
  • the transformer 13 can increase (or reduce) the voltage of the AC power to a voltage value that matches the grid 2 (or load 3).
  • the power supply 11 can also be used as an energy storage device.
  • the power supply 11 can obtain the electric energy provided by the power grid 2 through the inverter 12 and the transformer 13 for storage.
  • This application only introduces the application scenario in which the power supply 11 supplies power to the grid 2 (or the load 3) through the inverter 12 and the transformer 13 as an example, and will not be described in detail below.
  • the power supply 11 provided in this application is suitable for powering base station equipment in remote areas where there is no mains power or poor mains power, or for powering batteries, or for powering household equipment (such as refrigerators, air conditioners, etc.), etc. for a variety of purposes.
  • the details can be determined according to the actual application scenario, and are not limited here.
  • the power grid 2 in Figure 1 may include power consumption equipment or power transmission equipment such as transmission lines, power transfer stations, batteries, communication base stations, or household equipment.
  • the load 3 here may include motors, rectifier equipment, and other loads (power consumption devices or power transmission devices) whose voltage and current have a nonlinear relationship during operation (power supply or power consumption).
  • the impedance at the end of the grid 2 (or the load 3) usually changes, or when the power supply 11 is a new energy power supply station (such as a photovoltaic power station), the generated power may not be the same. Stability (e.g. changes in lighting conditions at a photovoltaic power station). In these scenarios (or other application scenarios), the voltage and frequency of the grid connection point where the power supply system 1 and the power grid 2 are connected will fluctuate, which may increase equipment losses and even endanger equipment safety.
  • the power station acquisition module 14 can obtain the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point, and obtain the power station power adjustment signal based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit 10 can obtain the amplitude value and frequency of the inverter 12 The amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage are obtained, and the inverter power adjustment signal is obtained based on the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage, and the inverter 12 is controlled to output the target output power based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal.
  • the structure is simple and the control is The method is simple, improves control accuracy and adjustment efficiency, reduces control time, and reduces control costs.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power supply system includes a power supply 101, an inverter 102, a transformer 103, a power station acquisition module 104 and an inverter acquisition control circuit 100.
  • the power supply 101 can be connected to the transformer 103 through the inverter 102.
  • the transformer 103 can be connected to the grid at a grid connection point.
  • One end of the power station acquisition module 104 can be connected to the grid connection point.
  • the other end of the power station acquisition module 104 can be connected to the inverter acquisition control.
  • the first terminal of the circuit 100 and the second terminal of the inverter collection control circuit 100 can be connected between the inverter 102 and the transformer 103 , and the third terminal of the inverter collection control circuit 100 can be connected to the inverter 102 .
  • the power station acquisition module 104 here can be used to obtain the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point, and obtain the power station power adjustment signal based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit 100 here can be used to obtain the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage of the inverter 102, and obtain the inverter power adjustment signal based on the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage, and based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power
  • the adjustment signal controls the inverter 102 to output the target output power.
  • the power station acquisition module 104 can obtain the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point.
  • the amplitude and frequency of the grid-connected voltage are related to the power of the power station (that is, the power output by the power supply system at the grid-connected point).
  • the system can determine the adjustment amount of the power station power based on the amplitude and frequency of the grid-connected voltage, and then obtain the power of the power station. Adjust the signal.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit 100 can acquire the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage of the inverter 102 .
  • the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage of the inverter 102 are related to the inverter power (that is, the power output by the inverter 102), and the inverter acquisition control circuit 100 can be based on the amplitude value of the output voltage of the inverter 102 and frequency determine the adjustment amount of the inverter power, and then obtain the inverter power adjustment signal. Since there are other functional modules or electrical energy components (for example, transformer 103, etc.) between the output end of the inverter 102 and the grid connection point, the inverter acquisition control circuit 100 can jointly obtain the inverter based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal. The target adjustment amount of the output power of the inverter 102 can be controlled, and the inverter 102 can be controlled to output the target output power.
  • the system can collect the grid-connected voltage of the grid-connected point and the amplitude and frequency of the output voltage of the inverter 102 through the power station acquisition module 104 and the inverter acquisition control circuit 100, and determine the power station power adjustment signal respectively. and the inverter power adjustment signal, and then adjust the output power of the inverter 102 based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal.
  • the structure is simple, the control method is simple, the control accuracy and adjustment efficiency are improved, the control time is reduced, and the control cost is reduced.
  • the inverter collection control circuit may include an inverter collection module and a power adjustment module.
  • Figure 3 is another structural schematic diagram of the power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the inverter collection control circuit 200 may include an inverter collection module 205 and a power adjustment module 206 .
  • the power supply 201 can be connected to the transformer 203 through the inverter 202.
  • the transformer 203 can be connected to the grid at a grid connection point.
  • One end of the power station acquisition module 204 can be connected to the grid connection point.
  • the other end of the power station acquisition module 204 can be connected to the inverter acquisition control.
  • the first terminal of the circuit 200 and the second terminal of the inverter collection control circuit 200 can be connected between the inverter 202 and the transformer 203 , and the third terminal of the inverter collection control circuit 200 can be connected to the inverter 202 .
  • the first end of the power adjustment module 206 can be connected to the power station acquisition module 204 as the first end of the inverter acquisition control circuit 200, and one end of the inverter acquisition module 205 can be connected to the inverter acquisition control circuit 200 as the second end.
  • the other end of the inverter acquisition module 205 can be connected to the second end of the power adjustment module 206, and the third end of the power adjustment module 206 can be connected to the inverter as the third end of the inverter acquisition control circuit 200.
  • the inverter acquisition module 205 here can be used to obtain the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage of the inverter 202, obtain the inverter reactive power adjustment amount based on the amplitude value of the output voltage, and obtain the inverter active power adjustment amount based on the frequency of the output voltage. , and obtain the inverter power adjustment signal based on the inverter reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount.
  • the power adjustment module 206 here can be used to generate an output power adjustment signal based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal, and control the inverter 202 to output the target output power through the output power adjustment signal. It can be understood that after the inverter acquisition module 205 obtains the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage of the inverter 202, since the amplitude value of the output voltage of the inverter 202 is related to the inverter power (that is, the power output by the inverter 202 ), the frequency of the output voltage of the inverter 202 is nonlinearly related to the active power adjustment amount in the inverter power (that is, the power output by the inverter 202), and the inverter collection The module 205 can determine the reactive power adjustment amount and the active power adjustment amount of the inverter power based on the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage of the inverter 202 respectively, and then obtain the inverter power adjustment signal.
  • the power adjustment mode Block 206 can jointly obtain the target adjustment amount of the output power of the inverter 202 based on the power station power adjustment signal output by the power station acquisition module 204 and the inverter power adjustment signal output by the inverter acquisition control circuit 200, and can control the inverter 202 to output the target. Output Power.
  • the inverter acquisition module 205 can determine the reactive power adjustment amount and the active power adjustment amount of the inverter power based on the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage of the inverter 202, and then obtain the inverter power adjustment amount.
  • the power adjustment module 206 can jointly obtain the target adjustment amount of the output power of the inverter 202 based on the power station power adjustment signal output by the power station acquisition module 204 and the inverter power adjustment signal output by the inverter acquisition control circuit 200, and can control the inverter
  • the device 202 outputs the target output power and has a simple structure.
  • the system can control the reactive power and active power of the inverter 202 respectively, improving control accuracy and regulation efficiency, reducing control time, and reducing control costs.
  • the power station power adjustment signal may include a power station reactive power adjustment amount and a power station active power adjustment amount.
  • the power station acquisition module 204 here can also be used to obtain the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station based on the amplitude value of the grid-connected voltage, obtain the active power adjustment amount of the power station based on the frequency of the grid-connected voltage, and output the reactive power of the power station to the inverter acquisition control circuit 200 Adjustment amount and power station active power adjustment amount.
  • the power station acquisition module 204 obtains the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage, since the amplitude value of the grid-connected voltage is different from the reactive power adjustment amount in the power station power (that is, the power output by the power supply system at the grid-connected point) Linearly related.
  • the frequency of the grid-connected voltage is non-linearly related to the active power adjustment amount in the power station power (that is, the power output by the power supply system at the grid-connected point).
  • the power station acquisition module 204 can be based on the amplitude of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point.
  • the value and frequency determine the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the power station power, and then output the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the power station to the inverter acquisition circuit.
  • the power station acquisition module 204 can determine the reactive power adjustment amount and the active power adjustment amount of the power station power based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connection point, and then adjust the reactive power of the power station power.
  • the amount and active power adjustment amount are output to the power adjustment module 206 in the inverter acquisition circuit as the power station power adjustment signal.
  • the power adjustment module 206 can obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the output power of the inverter 202 based on the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount. It can also obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the output power of the inverter 202 based on the power station useful power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount.
  • the power adjustment amount obtains the target active power adjustment amount of the output power of the inverter 202, and can control the inverter 202 to output the target output power (here, the target output power may include target reactive power and target active power), and the structure is simple.
  • the system can control the inverter 202 to output target reactive power and/or target active power respectively, thereby improving control accuracy and regulation efficiency, reducing control time, and reducing control costs.
  • the inverter reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount satisfy the following formula: d 2 Q1(u)/du 2 ⁇ 0 (1) d 2 P1(f)/df 2 ⁇ 0 (2)
  • Q1(u) is the function of the inverter reactive power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage amplitude value
  • d 2 Q1(u)/du 2 is the second-order derivative of the inverter reactive power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage amplitude value
  • P1 (f) is the function of the inverter active power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage frequency
  • d 2 P1(f)/df 2 is the second-order derivative of the inverter active power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage frequency.
  • the greater the difference between the output voltage amplitude value and the target output voltage amplitude value, the greater the corresponding inverter reactive power adjustment amount, and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount and the output voltage amplitude value are It is not a simple linear correlation.
  • the difference between the output voltage amplitude value and the target output voltage amplitude value increases, the corresponding inverter reactive power adjustment amount increases faster than the difference between the output voltage amplitude value and the target output voltage amplitude value. value growth rate.
  • Q1(u) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the inverter reactive power adjustment amount is too small, which can also prevent the linear fitting coefficient from being too large, causing the output voltage amplitude value to be inconsistent with the target output voltage amplitude value.
  • the inverter reactive power adjustment amount is too large.
  • the greater the difference between the output voltage frequency and the target output voltage frequency, the greater the corresponding inverter active power adjustment amount, and the inverter active power adjustment amount and the output voltage frequency are not simply Linear correlation, when the difference between the output voltage frequency and the target output voltage frequency increases, the corresponding growth rate of the inverter active power adjustment is greater than the growth rate of the difference between the output voltage frequency and the target output voltage frequency. Therefore, using P1(f) (for example, a quadratic power function) as the function of the inverter active power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage frequency can prevent the output voltage frequency from being different from the target output due to too small linear fitting coefficients during linear fitting.
  • P1(f) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the inverter active power adjustment amount is too small. This can also prevent the inverter active power from being too large when the difference between the output voltage frequency and the target output voltage frequency is small due to the linear fitting coefficient being too large. The adjustment amount is too large.
  • Q1 is the inverter reactive power adjustment amount
  • U0 is the target output voltage amplitude value
  • U1 is the output voltage amplitude value
  • k11 is the inverter reactive power adjustment coefficient
  • P1 is the inverter reactive power adjustment amount
  • f0 is the target Output voltage frequency
  • f1 is the output voltage frequency
  • k12 is the inverter active power adjustment coefficient.
  • Q1(u) (for example, the second power function shown in Formula 3) is used as the function of the inverter reactive power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage amplitude value, which can be more accurately based on the output voltage amplitude. It is worth obtaining the inverter reactive power adjustment amount, the method is simple, and the control accuracy and control efficiency are improved.
  • P1(f) (for example, the quadratic power function shown in Formula 4) as the function of the inverter active power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage frequency, the inverter active power adjustment amount can be obtained more accurately based on the output voltage frequency, and the method is simple , improving control accuracy and control efficiency.
  • the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount satisfy the following formula: d 2 Q2(u)/du 2 ⁇ 0 (5) d 2 P2(f)/df 2 ⁇ 0 (6)
  • Q2(u) is the function of the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station with respect to the grid-connected voltage amplitude value
  • d 2 Q2(u)/du 2 is the second-order derivative of the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station with respect to the grid-connected voltage amplitude value
  • P2 (f) is the function of the active power adjustment amount of the power station with respect to the grid-connected voltage frequency
  • d 2 P2(f)/df 2 is the second-order derivative of the active power adjustment amount of the power station with respect to the grid-connected voltage frequency.
  • the value is not simply linearly related.
  • the difference between the grid-connected voltage amplitude value and the target grid-connected voltage amplitude value increases, the growth rate of the corresponding power station reactive power adjustment is greater than the grid-connected voltage amplitude value and the target grid-connected voltage. The growth rate of the difference in amplitude values.
  • Q2(u) for example, a quadratic power function
  • Q2(u) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station is too small.
  • This can also prevent the linear fitting from causing the grid-connected voltage amplitude value to be inconsistent with the target grid-connected voltage amplitude value due to an excessively large linear fitting coefficient.
  • the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station is too large.
  • the dotted line is the curve of the power station’s active power adjustment with respect to the grid-connected voltage frequency obtained by fitting a linear function.
  • the solid line is the curve of the power station’s active power adjustment with respect to the grid-connected voltage and frequency in the actual application scenario.
  • Figure 4 The linear fitting coefficient shown by the dotted line in part (a) is too large. When the difference between the grid-connected voltage frequency and the target grid-connected voltage frequency is small, the active power adjustment amount of the power station is too large. If linear fitting is performed according to the dotted line, we get There is a large error between the actual power station active power adjustment amount and the actual required power station active power adjustment amount.
  • the dotted line is the curve of the power station's active power adjustment with respect to the grid-connected voltage frequency obtained by linear function fitting
  • the solid line is the curve of the power station's active power adjustment with the grid-connected voltage in the actual application scenario.
  • Frequency curve the linear fitting coefficient shown by the dotted line in part (b) of Figure 4 is too small.
  • the active power adjustment amount of the power station is too small. If linear fitting is performed according to the dotted line, the error between the obtained active power adjustment amount of the power station and the actual required active power adjustment amount of the power station is also very large.
  • the dotted line is the curve of the active power adjustment amount of the power station with respect to the grid-connected voltage frequency obtained by linear function fitting
  • the solid line is the curve of the active power adjustment amount of the power station with respect to the grid-connected voltage in the actual application scenario.
  • Frequency curve, the linear fitting coefficient shown by the dotted line in part (c) of Figure 4 is moderate, but the error between the active power adjustment amount of the power station obtained by linear fitting according to the dotted line and the actual required active power adjustment amount of the power station is still very large. big. It can be seen that there will always be a large error between the power station active power adjustment amount obtained by linear fitting and the actual required power station active power adjustment amount.
  • the dotted line is the curve of the power station active power adjustment amount with respect to the grid-connected voltage frequency obtained by fitting with a nonlinear function
  • the black solid line is the power station active power in the actual application scenario.
  • the curve of the power adjustment amount with respect to the grid-connected voltage frequency It can be seen that the curve of the power station's active power adjustment amount related to the grid-connected voltage frequency obtained by fitting the nonlinear function has a small error with the curve of the power station's active power adjustment amount related to the grid-connected voltage frequency in the actual application scenario, which improves the control accuracy of the system.
  • P2(f) for example, a quadratic power function
  • P2(f) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the active power adjustment amount of the power station is too small. It can also prevent the power station from having a small difference between the grid-connected voltage frequency and the target grid-connected voltage frequency due to the excessive linear fitting coefficient during linear fitting. The active power adjustment amount is too large.
  • Q2 is the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station
  • Uc is the target grid-connected voltage amplitude value
  • U2 is the grid-connected voltage amplitude value
  • k21 is the power station reactive power adjustment coefficient
  • P2 is the power station active power adjustment amount
  • fc is the target grid-connected voltage amplitude value.
  • Voltage frequency f2 is the grid-connected voltage frequency
  • k22 is the active power adjustment coefficient of the power station.
  • Q2(u) (for example, the second power function shown in Formula 7) is used as the function of the power station reactive power adjustment amount with respect to the grid-connected voltage amplitude value, which can be more accurately based on the grid-connected voltage.
  • the amplitude value is used to obtain the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station.
  • the method is simple and improves the control accuracy and efficiency.
  • P2(f) (for example, the quadratic power function shown in Formula 8) as the function of the power station's active power adjustment amount with respect to the grid-connected voltage frequency, the power station's active power adjustment amount can be obtained more accurately based on the grid-connected voltage frequency, and the method is simple , improving control accuracy and control efficiency.
  • Qout is the output reactive power adjustment amount
  • Q1 is the inverter reactive power adjustment amount
  • Q2 is the power station reactive power adjustment amount
  • k1 is the output reactive power adjustment coefficient
  • Pout is the output active power adjustment amount
  • P1 is the inverter reactive power adjustment amount.
  • Variable active power adjustment quantity P2 is the active power adjustment amount of the power station
  • k2 is the output active power adjustment coefficient.
  • the gray solid line is the curve of the output active power adjustment amount based on the power station active power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount with respect to the grid-connected voltage frequency.
  • the system can simultaneously obtain the curve of the output active power adjustment amount with respect to the grid-connected voltage frequency based on the power station active power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount, which further reduces the difference between the power station active power adjustment amount with the grid-connected voltage frequency in actual application scenarios.
  • the error of the curve further improves the control accuracy of the system.
  • the system can obtain the output reactive power adjustment amount Qout (that is, the target reactive power adjustment of the inverter output power) based on the power station reactive power adjustment amount Q1 and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount Q1.
  • the output active power adjustment amount Pout (that is, the target active power adjustment amount of the inverter output power) can also be obtained based on the power station useful power adjustment amount P1 and the inverter active power adjustment amount P2, and based on the output reactive power
  • the adjustment quantity Qout and the output active power adjustment quantity Pout generate an output power adjustment signal (for example, a pulse width modulation signal or other control signal that can control the output power of the inverter), which improves control accuracy and efficiency, reduces control time, and reduces control costs. .
  • the power station power adjustment signal may include the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage.
  • the power station acquisition module 204 here can also be used to obtain the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point, and output the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point to the inverter acquisition control circuit 200 .
  • the power station acquisition module 204 can obtain the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point, and output the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point to the inverter acquisition control circuit 200, and the inverter acquisition control circuit 200 is based on the amplitude of the grid-connected voltage.
  • the value and frequency confirm the adjustment amount of the power station power.
  • the system can be used in scenarios where the communication speed (or frequency) of the power station acquisition module 204 and the inverter acquisition control circuit 200 is limited, or in other situations where it is inconvenient for the power station acquisition module 204 and the inverter acquisition control circuit 200 to communicate in real time.
  • the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point are output to the inverter acquisition control circuit 200 through the inverter acquisition control circuit 200, and the inverter acquisition control circuit 200 outputs the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage.
  • the method for confirming the adjustment amount of power station power is simple and flexible, with high applicability, which enriches the applicable scenarios and scope of the system.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit may also include a signal confirmation module.
  • FIG. 5 is another schematic structural diagram of the power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit 300 may also include a signal confirmation module 307 .
  • the power supply 301 can be connected to the transformer 303 through the inverter 302.
  • the transformer 303 can be connected to the grid at a grid connection point.
  • One end of the power station acquisition module 304 can be connected to the grid connection point.
  • the other end of the power station acquisition module 304 can be connected to the inverter acquisition control.
  • the first end of the circuit 300 and the second end of the inverter collection control circuit 300 can be connected between the inverter 302 and the transformer 303 , and the third end of the inverter collection control circuit 300 can be connected to the inverter 302 .
  • the first end of the power adjustment module 306 can be connected to the power station acquisition module 304 as the first end of the inverter acquisition control circuit 300, and one end of the inverter acquisition module 305 can be connected to the inverter acquisition control circuit 300 as the second end.
  • the other end of the inverter acquisition module 305 can be connected to the second end of the power adjustment module 306, and the third end of the power adjustment module 306 can be connected to the inverter as the third end of the inverter acquisition control circuit 300.
  • the first end of the power adjustment module 306 can be connected to the power station acquisition module 304 through the signal confirmation module 307.
  • the signal confirmation module 307 here can be used to obtain the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station based on the amplitude value of the grid-connected voltage, obtain the active power adjustment amount of the power station based on the frequency of the grid-connected voltage, and output the reactive power adjustment amount and the power station reactive power adjustment amount to the power adjustment module 306. Active power adjustment amount.
  • the signal confirmation module 307 can respectively determine the reactive power adjustment of the power station power based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point.
  • the power adjustment module 306 can jointly obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the output power of the inverter 302 based on the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount, and can also obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount based on the power station useful power adjustment amount and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount.
  • the active power adjustment amount is combined to obtain the target active power adjustment amount of the output power of the inverter 302, and the inverter 302 can be controlled to output the target output power (here, the target output power can include the target reactive power and the target active power), and the structure is simple .
  • the inverter 302 can be controlled to output target reactive power and/or target active power respectively, thereby improving control accuracy and regulation efficiency, reducing control time, and reducing control costs.
  • the communication speed (or frequency) of the power station acquisition module 304 and the inverter acquisition control circuit 300 is limited, or other situations where it is inconvenient for the power station acquisition module 304 and the inverter acquisition control circuit 300 to communicate in real time.
  • the signal confirmation module 307 can determine the power station based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid connection point. The reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the power are then output to the power adjustment module 306 in the inverter acquisition circuit as the power station power adjustment signal.
  • the method is simple and flexible.
  • the power adjustment module 306 can jointly obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the output power of the inverter 302 based on the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount, and can also obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount based on the power station useful power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount.
  • the target active power adjustment amount of the output power of the inverter 302 is obtained by combining the quantities, and the inverter 302 can be controlled to output the target output power (here, the target output power may include target reactive power and target active power), and the structure is simple.
  • the system can control the inverter 302 to output target reactive power and/or target active power respectively, thereby improving control accuracy and regulation efficiency, reducing control time, and reducing control costs.
  • the power adjustment module may also include an adjustment amount confirmation unit and a power control unit.
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of the power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power adjustment module 406 may also include an adjustment amount confirmation unit 4061 and a power control unit 4062.
  • the power supply 401 can be connected to the transformer 403 through the inverter 402.
  • the transformer 403 can be connected to the grid at the grid connection point.
  • One end of the power station acquisition module 404 can be connected to the grid connection point.
  • the other end of the power station acquisition module 404 can be connected to the inverter acquisition control.
  • the first end of the circuit 400 and the second end of the inverter collection control circuit 400 can be connected between the inverter 402 and the transformer 403, and the third end of the inverter collection control circuit 400 can be connected to the inverter 402.
  • the first end of the power adjustment module 406 can be connected to the power station acquisition module 404 as the first end of the inverter acquisition control circuit 400
  • one end of the inverter acquisition module 405 can be connected to the inverter acquisition control circuit 400 as the second end.
  • the other end of the inverter acquisition module 405 can be connected to the second end of the power adjustment module 406, and the third end of the power adjustment module 406 can be connected to the inverter as the third end of the inverter acquisition control circuit 400.
  • the first end of the power adjustment module 406 can be connected to the power station acquisition module 404 through the signal confirmation module 407.
  • the power control unit 4062 is connected to the inverter 402 and one end of the adjustment amount confirmation unit 4061, the other end of the adjustment amount confirmation unit 4061 is connected to the inverter acquisition module 405, or the other end of the adjustment amount confirmation unit 4061 is connected to the signal confirmation module 407 connected.
  • the adjustment amount confirmation unit 4061 here can be used to obtain the output reactive power adjustment amount based on the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount, and obtain the output active power adjustment based on the power station active power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount. quantity, and generate an output power adjustment signal based on the output reactive power adjustment quantity and the output active power adjustment quantity.
  • the power control unit 4062 here may be used to control the inverter 402 to output the target output power through the output power adjustment signal.
  • the adjustment amount confirmation unit 4061 (for example, the proportional integral amplifier circuit) can obtain the output reactive power adjustment amount (that is, the target output power of the inverter 402 based on the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount).
  • the output active power adjustment amount (that is, the target active power adjustment amount of the output power of the inverter 402) can also be obtained based on the useful power adjustment amount of the power station and the inverter active power adjustment amount, and based on the output reactive power adjustment amount
  • the active power adjustment amount and the output active power adjustment amount generate an output power adjustment signal (for example, a pulse width modulation signal or other signal that can control the output of the inverter 402 power control signal).
  • the power control unit 4062 can control the inverter 402 to output the target output power (here, the target output power can include target reactive power and target active power) through the output power adjustment signal, thereby improving control accuracy and regulation efficiency, and reducing control time. Reduce control costs.
  • the power supply system may also include a DC bus, and the power supply 501 may be connected to the power grid through the DC bus, the inverter 502 and the transformer 503 .
  • the DC bus may include one bus capacitor or multiple bus capacitors connected in series, which can be used for energy storage.
  • the DC bus may include a bus capacitor C, and the inverter 502 may convert the electric energy output and stored by the power supply 501 at both ends of the bus capacitor C, and output corresponding current and voltage to maintain the operation of the power grid.
  • FIG. 7 is another schematic structural diagram of the power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power supply system shown in FIG. 7 may also include a combiner box 508.
  • the power supply 501 may be connected to the inverter 502 through the combiner box 508. It can be understood that the power supply 501 in the power supply system can be connected to the combiner box 508 and then directly connected to the inverter 502 through the combiner box 508. It can also be connected to the DC bus through the combiner box 508 and connected to the inverter 502 through the DC bus.
  • the specific application can be based on the actual application. Scene settings are not limited here.
  • the power supply 501, the inverter 502, the transformer 503, the inverter acquisition control circuit 500 (including the inverter acquisition module 505, the power adjustment module 506 (including the adjustment amount confirmation unit 5061 and the power control unit 5062), the power station in Figure 7
  • the connection method and working principle of the acquisition module 504, the inverter acquisition module 505 and the signal confirmation module 507 are related to the power supply 401, the inverter 402, the transformer 403 and the inverter acquisition control circuit 400 (including the inverter acquisition module) in Figure 6 405.
  • connection methods and working principles of the power adjustment module 406 (including the adjustment amount confirmation unit 4061 and the power control unit 4062), the power station acquisition module 404, the inverter acquisition module 405 and the signal confirmation module 407 are the same and will not be described again here.
  • FIG 8 is another schematic structural diagram of a power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power supply system may also include a parallel and off-grid wiring device 609.
  • the power supply 601 can provide transmission lines, power transfer stations, batteries, and communications in the power grid through an inverter 602, a transformer 603, and a parallel and off-grid wiring device 609. Base stations or household equipment and other electrical equipment or power transmission equipment provide power.
  • the power supply 601, the inverter 602, the transformer 603, the inverter acquisition control circuit 600 (including the inverter acquisition module 605, the power adjustment module 606 (including the adjustment amount confirmation unit 6061 and the power control unit 6062), the power station in Figure 8
  • the connection methods and working principles of the acquisition module 604, the inverter acquisition module 605, the signal confirmation module 607 and the combiner box 608 are related to the power supply 501, the inverter 502, the transformer 503 and the inverter acquisition control circuit 500 (including The connection methods and working principles of the inverter acquisition module 505, the power adjustment module 506 (including the adjustment amount confirmation unit 5061 and the power control unit 5062), the power station acquisition module 504, the inverter acquisition module 505, the signal confirmation module 507 and the combiner box 508 are the same. , which will not be described again here.
  • the functional modules in the power supply system are composed in various and flexible ways, which can adapt to different power supply environments, improve the diversity of application scenarios of the power supply system, and enhance the adaptability of the power supply system.
  • the power supply system (or the power supply system connected to the power supply system)
  • Both the power station acquisition module at the grid-connected point and the inverter acquisition control circuit of the power supply system can provide harmonic currents for nonlinear loads through the inverter in the power supply system, thereby improving the sinusoidality of the current at the grid-connected point and increasing the electric energy of the power supply system. quality, extend the service life of components and reduce costs.
  • the power supply method of the power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present application will be illustrated below using the structure of the power supply system shown in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG 9 is a schematic flow chart of the grid-connected control method provided by this application.
  • the grid-connected control method provided by this application is applicable to any power supply system shown in Figures 1 to 8 above.
  • the grid-connected control method provided by this application includes the following steps:
  • the power station acquisition module obtains the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point, and obtains the power station power adjustment signal based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit obtains the amplitude and frequency of the inverter’s output voltage, and The inverter power adjustment signal is obtained from the degree value and frequency, and the inverter output target output power is controlled based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal.
  • the power station acquisition module can obtain the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point.
  • the amplitude and frequency of the grid-connected voltage are related to the power of the power station (that is, the power output by the power supply system at the grid-connected point).
  • the system can determine the adjustment amount of the power station power based on the amplitude and frequency of the grid-connected voltage, and then obtain the power of the power station. Adjust the signal.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can obtain the amplitude value and frequency of the inverter's output voltage.
  • the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage of the inverter are related to the inverter power (that is, the power output by the inverter), and the inverter acquisition control circuit can determine the inverter based on the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage of the inverter.
  • the adjustment amount of variable power is obtained, and then the inverter power adjustment signal is obtained. Since there are other functional modules or electrical energy components (for example, transformers, etc.) between the output end of the inverter and the grid connection point, the inverter acquisition control circuit can jointly obtain the inverter output power based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal.
  • the target adjustment amount can control the inverter output target output power.
  • the system can collect the grid-connected voltage of the grid-connected point and the amplitude and frequency of the output voltage of the inverter through the power station acquisition module and the inverter acquisition control circuit, and determine the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter respectively.
  • the power adjustment signal is used to adjust the output power of the inverter based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal.
  • the structure is simple, the control method is simple, the control accuracy and adjustment efficiency are improved, the control time is reduced, and the control cost is reduced.
  • the power station power adjustment signal may include a power station reactive power adjustment amount and a power station active power adjustment amount.
  • obtaining the power station power adjustment signal based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage in the aforementioned step S701 may include:
  • the power station acquisition module obtains the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station based on the amplitude value of the grid-connected voltage, and obtains the active power adjustment amount of the power station based on the frequency of the grid-connected voltage, and outputs the reactive power adjustment amount and the power station reactive power adjustment amount to the inverter acquisition control circuit. Active power adjustment amount.
  • the power station acquisition module obtains the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage
  • the amplitude value of the grid-connected voltage is non-linear with the reactive power adjustment amount in the power station power (that is, the power output by the power supply system at the grid-connected point)
  • the frequency of the grid-connected voltage is nonlinearly related to the active power adjustment amount in the power station power (that is, the power output by the power supply system at the grid-connected point).
  • the power station acquisition module can be based on the amplitude value of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point and The frequency determines the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the power station power, and then outputs the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the power station to the inverter collection circuit.
  • the power station acquisition module can determine the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the power station power based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connection point, and then adjust the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station power. and active power adjustment amount are output to the power adjustment module in the inverter acquisition circuit as the power station power adjustment signal.
  • the power adjustment module can obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount, and can also obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the power station useful power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount.
  • the target active power adjustment amount of the inverter output power can be obtained quantitatively, and the target output power of the inverter can be controlled (here, the target output power can include target reactive power and target active power), and the structure is simple.
  • the system can control the inverter output target reactive power and/or target active power respectively, improving control accuracy and regulation efficiency, reducing control time, and reducing control costs.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit obtains the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage of the inverter output end, and obtains the inverter power adjustment signal based on the amplitude value and frequency of the output voltage, and based on the power station
  • the power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal control the output power of the inverter to the target output power, which may include the following steps:
  • S802 Obtain the amplitude value and frequency of the inverter's output voltage, obtain the inverter reactive power adjustment amount based on the amplitude value of the output voltage, obtain the inverter active power adjustment amount based on the frequency of the output voltage, and obtain the inverter reactive power adjustment amount based on the output voltage amplitude value.
  • the adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount are used to obtain the inverter power adjustment signal.
  • S803 Generate an output power adjustment signal based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal, and control the output power of the inverter to the target output power through the output power adjustment signal.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can be based on the output of the inverter respectively.
  • the amplitude value and frequency of the voltage determine the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the inverter power, and then the inverter power adjustment signal is obtained.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can jointly obtain the target adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the power station power adjustment signal output by the power station acquisition module and the inverter power adjustment signal output by the inverter acquisition control circuit, and can control the inverter.
  • the device outputs the target output power.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can determine the reactive power adjustment amount and the active power adjustment amount of the inverter power based on the amplitude value and frequency of the inverter's output voltage, respectively, and then obtain the inverter power adjustment signal. , and then the target adjustment amount of the inverter output power can be obtained based on the power station power adjustment signal output by the power station acquisition module and the inverter power adjustment signal output by the inverter acquisition control circuit, and the target output power of the inverter can be controlled. Structure Simple.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can control the reactive power and active power of the inverter respectively, improving control accuracy and regulation efficiency, reducing control time, and reducing control costs.
  • the inverter reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount satisfy the following formula: d 2 Q1(u)/du 2 ⁇ 0 (11) d 2 P1(f)/df 2 ⁇ 0 (12)
  • Q1(u) is the function of the inverter reactive power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage amplitude value
  • d 2 Q1(u)/du 2 is the second-order derivative of the inverter reactive power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage amplitude value
  • P1 (f) is the function of the inverter active power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage frequency
  • d 2 P1(f)/df 2 is the second-order derivative of the inverter active power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage frequency.
  • the greater the difference between the output voltage amplitude value and the target output voltage amplitude value, the greater the corresponding inverter reactive power adjustment amount, and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount and the output voltage amplitude value are It is not a simple linear correlation.
  • the difference between the output voltage amplitude value and the target output voltage amplitude value increases, the corresponding inverter reactive power adjustment amount increases faster than the difference between the output voltage amplitude value and the target output voltage amplitude value. value growth rate.
  • Q1(u) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the inverter reactive power adjustment amount is too small, which can also prevent the linear fitting coefficient from being too large, causing the output voltage amplitude value to be inconsistent with the target output voltage amplitude value.
  • the inverter reactive power adjustment amount is too large.
  • the greater the difference between the output voltage frequency and the target output voltage frequency, the greater the corresponding inverter active power adjustment amount, and the inverter active power adjustment amount and the output voltage frequency are not simply Linear correlation, when the difference between the output voltage frequency and the target output voltage frequency increases, the corresponding growth rate of the inverter active power adjustment is greater than the growth rate of the difference between the output voltage frequency and the target output voltage frequency. Therefore, using P1(f) (for example, a quadratic power function) as the function of the inverter active power adjustment amount with respect to the output voltage frequency can prevent the output voltage frequency from being different from the target output due to too small linear fitting coefficients during linear fitting.
  • P1(f) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the inverter active power adjustment amount is too small. This can also prevent the inverter active power from being too large when the difference between the output voltage frequency and the target output voltage frequency is small due to the linear fitting coefficient being too large. The adjustment amount is too large.
  • the inverter reactive power can be obtained more accurately based on the output voltage amplitude value.
  • the power adjustment amount is simple and the method improves the control accuracy and efficiency.
  • P1(f) for example, quadratic power function
  • the adjustment amount is a function of the output voltage frequency, and the inverter active power adjustment amount can be obtained more accurately based on the output voltage frequency.
  • the method is simple and improves the control accuracy and control efficiency.
  • the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount satisfy the following formula: d 2 Q2(u)/du 2 ⁇ 0 (13) d 2 P2(f)/df 2 ⁇ 0 (14)
  • Q2(u) is the function of the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station with respect to the grid-connected voltage amplitude value
  • d 2 Q2(u)/du 2 is the second-order derivative of the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station with respect to the grid-connected voltage amplitude value
  • P2 (f) is the function of the active power adjustment amount of the power station with respect to the grid-connected voltage frequency
  • d 2 P2(f)/df 2 is the second-order derivative of the active power adjustment amount of the power station with respect to the grid-connected voltage frequency.
  • the value is not simply linearly related.
  • the difference between the grid-connected voltage amplitude value and the target grid-connected voltage amplitude value increases, the growth rate of the corresponding power station reactive power adjustment is greater than the grid-connected voltage amplitude value and the target grid-connected voltage. The growth rate of the difference in amplitude values.
  • Q2(u) for example, a quadratic power function
  • Q2(u) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station is too small.
  • This can also prevent the linear fitting from causing the grid-connected voltage amplitude value to be inconsistent with the target grid-connected voltage amplitude value due to an excessively large linear fitting coefficient.
  • the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station is too large.
  • the greater the difference between the grid-connected voltage frequency and the target grid-connected voltage frequency, the greater the corresponding power station active power adjustment amount, and the power station active power adjustment amount and the grid-connected voltage frequency are not simple Linearly related to ground, when the difference between the grid-connected voltage frequency and the target grid-connected voltage frequency increases, the growth rate of the corresponding power station active power adjustment is greater than the growth rate of the difference between the grid-connected voltage frequency and the target grid-connected voltage frequency.
  • P2(f) for example, a quadratic power function
  • P2(f) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the active power adjustment amount of the power station is too small. It can also prevent the power station from having a small difference between the grid-connected voltage frequency and the target grid-connected voltage frequency due to the excessive linear fitting coefficient during linear fitting. The active power adjustment amount is too large.
  • the power station's reactive power adjustment amount can be obtained more accurately based on the grid-connected voltage amplitude value.
  • the power adjustment amount is simple and the method improves the control accuracy and efficiency.
  • P2(f) for example, a quadratic power function
  • the power station's active power adjustment can be obtained more accurately based on the grid-connected voltage frequency.
  • the method is simple and improves the control accuracy. and control efficiency.
  • Qout is the output reactive power adjustment amount
  • Q1 is the inverter reactive power adjustment amount
  • Q2 is the power station reactive power adjustment amount
  • k1 is the output reactive power adjustment coefficient
  • Pout is the output active power adjustment amount
  • P1 is the inverter reactive power adjustment amount.
  • Variable active power adjustment amount P2 is the active power adjustment amount of the power station
  • k2 is the output active power adjustment coefficient.
  • the system can obtain the output reactive power adjustment amount Qout (that is, the target reactive power adjustment of the inverter output power) based on the power station reactive power adjustment amount Q1 and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount Q1.
  • the output active power adjustment amount Pout (that is, the target active power adjustment amount of the inverter output power) can also be obtained based on the power station useful power adjustment amount P1 and the inverter active power adjustment amount P2, and based on the output reactive power Adjustment quantity Qout and output active power
  • the power adjustment amount Pout generates an output power adjustment signal (for example, a pulse width modulation signal or other control signal that can control the output power of the inverter), which improves control accuracy and regulation efficiency, reduces control time, and reduces control costs.
  • the power station power adjustment signal may include the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage.
  • Obtaining the power station power adjustment signal based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage in the aforementioned step S701 may include: the power station acquisition module obtains the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point, and outputs the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage to the inverter acquisition control circuit. The amplitude and frequency of the grid-connected voltage.
  • the system can be used in scenarios where the communication speed (or frequency) of the power station acquisition module and the inverter acquisition control circuit is limited, or in other scenarios where real-time communication between the power station acquisition module and the inverter acquisition control circuit is inconvenient.
  • the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid-connected point are output to the inverter acquisition control circuit through the inverter acquisition control circuit, and the inverter acquisition control circuit confirms the adjustment amount of the power station power based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage.
  • the method is simple, flexible and highly applicable, which enriches the applicable scenarios and scope of the system.
  • the method may include:
  • the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station is obtained based on the amplitude value of the grid-connected voltage
  • the active power adjustment amount of the power station is obtained based on the frequency of the grid-connected voltage
  • the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the power station are output.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can respectively determine the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment of the power station based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid connection voltage at the grid connection point. quantity, and then output the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the power station power as the power station power adjustment signal.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can jointly obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount. It can also obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the power station useful power adjustment amount and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount.
  • the active power adjustment amount is combined to obtain the target active power adjustment amount of the inverter output power, and can control the inverter to output the target output power (here, the target output power can include target reactive power and target active power), and the structure is simple.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can control the inverter output target reactive power and/or target active power respectively, improving control accuracy and regulation efficiency, reducing control time, and reducing control costs.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can determine the reactive power of the power station based on the amplitude value and frequency of the grid-connected voltage at the grid connection point. Adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount, and then output the reactive power adjustment amount and active power adjustment amount of the power station power as the power station power adjustment signal.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can jointly obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the reactive power adjustment amount of the power station and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount, and can also obtain the target reactive power adjustment amount of the inverter output power based on the useful power adjustment amount of the power station and the inverter active power adjustment amount.
  • the target active power adjustment amount of the inverter output power is obtained by combining the quantities, and the target output power of the inverter can be controlled (here, the target output power can include target reactive power and target active power), and the structure is simple.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can control the inverter output target reactive power and/or target active power respectively, improving control accuracy and regulation efficiency, reducing control time, and reducing control costs.
  • the rate adjustment module in step S702 generates an output power adjustment signal based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal, and controls the output power of the inverter to the target output power through the output power adjustment signal.
  • the output reactive power adjustment amount is obtained based on the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount
  • the output active power adjustment amount is obtained based on the power station active power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount
  • the output active power adjustment amount is obtained based on the output reactive power
  • the power adjustment amount and the output active power adjustment amount generate an output power adjustment signal.
  • the inverter is controlled to output the target output power through the output power adjustment signal.
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can obtain the output reactive power adjustment amount (that is, the target reactive power adjustment amount of the inverter output power) based on the power station reactive power adjustment amount and the inverter reactive power adjustment amount. It can also The output active power adjustment amount (that is, the target active power adjustment amount of the inverter output power) is obtained based on the power station useful power adjustment amount and the inverter active power adjustment amount, and based on the output reactive power adjustment amount and the output active power adjustment amount Generate an output power adjustment signal (eg, a pulse width modulation signal or other control signal that can control the inverter output power).
  • the inverter acquisition control circuit can control the inverter to output target output power through the output power adjustment signal (here, the target output power can include target reactive power and target active power), improve control accuracy and regulation efficiency, and reduce control time. Reduce control costs.
  • the system can collect the amplitude and frequency of the grid-connected voltage of the grid-connected point and the output voltage of the inverter through the power station acquisition module and the inverter acquisition control circuit, and determine the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal respectively. , and then adjust the output power of the inverter based on the power station power adjustment signal and the inverter power adjustment signal.
  • the structure is simple, the control method is simple, the control accuracy and adjustment efficiency are improved, the control time is reduced, and the control cost is reduced.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种供电系统及并网控制方法，该供电系统包括电源、逆变器、变压器、电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路；电站采集模块用于获取并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率，并基于并网电压的幅度值和频率得到电站功率调整信号；逆变采集控制电路用于获取逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率，并基于输出电压的幅度值和频率得到逆变功率调整信号，并基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号控制逆变器输出目标输出功率。采用本申请，可通过电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路调整逆变器的输出功率，结构简单，控制方法简便，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。

Description

供电系统及并网控制方法
本申请要求于2022年07月26日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210887844.7、申请名称为“供电系统及并网控制方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电力电子技术领域，尤其涉及一种供电系统及并网控制方法。
背景技术
在电力电子技术领域中，随着各种新能源供电(例如，光伏发电)技术的日益成熟，越来越多的新能源供电系统投入使用。逆变器作为新能源供电系统的核心部件，可以将新能源电站产生的直流电能转换为交流电能并入电网。在实际生产应用中，由于系统中负载的阻抗通常存在变化(或者，由于新能源供电系统电站发电功率不稳定等情况)，会导致新能源供电系统与电网连接处的并网点的电压和频率发生波动，这会增加电能设备的损耗甚至危害设备安全。本申请的发明人在研究和实践的过程中发现，现有技术中，一般将逆变器等效为电流源，并根据逆变器在检测点的输出电压(以及输出频率)与无功功率(以及有功功率)的线性关系进行控制，然而，这种控制方式复杂繁琐，控制成本高，且线性控制方法误差大，并且检测点与并网点的输出电压和输出频率存在差异，增大控制误差，控制效果差。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种供电系统及并网控制方法，可通过电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路调整逆变器的输出功率，结构简单，控制方法简便，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种供电系统，该供电系统包括电源、逆变器、变压器、电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路。这里，电源可通过逆变器和变压器相连，变压器可与电网连接于并网点，电站采集模块的一端可连接于并网点，电站采集模块的另一端可连接逆变采集控制电路的第一端，逆变采集控制电路的第二端可连接于逆变器和变压器之间，逆变采集控制电路的第三端可连接逆变器。这里的电站采集模块可用于获取并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率，并基于并网电压的幅度值和频率得到电站功率调整信号。这里的逆变采集控制电路可用于获取逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率，并基于输出电压的幅度值和频率得到逆变功率调整信号，并基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号控制逆变器输出目标输出功率。
在本申请提供的实施方式中，电站采集模块可以获取并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率。这里，并网电压的幅度值和频率与电站功率(也即，供电系统在并网点输出的功率)相关，系统可以基于并网电压的幅度值和频率确定电站功率的调整量，进而得到电站功率调整信号。逆变采集控制电路可以获取逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率。这里，逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率与逆变功率(也即，逆变器输出的功率)相关，逆变采集控制电路可以基于逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率确定逆变功率的调整量，进而得到逆变功率调整信号。由于逆变器的输出端和并网点之间存在其他功能模块或者电能元件(例如，变压器等)，逆变采集控制电路可以基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标调整量，并可以控制逆变器输出目标输出功率。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，系统可以通过电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路采集并网点的并网电压和逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率，并分别确定电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号，进而基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号调整逆变器的输出功率，结构简单，控制方法简便，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
结合第一方面，在第一种可能的实施方式中，逆变采集控制电路可包括逆变采集模块和功率调整模块。这里，功率调整模块的第一端可作为逆变采集控制电路的第一端连接电站采集模块，逆变采集模块的一端可作为逆变采集控制电路的第二端连接于逆变器和变压器之间，逆变采集模块的另一端可连接功率调整模块的第二端，功率调整模块的第三端可作为逆变采集控制电路的第三端连接逆变器。这里的逆变采集模块可用于获取逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率，基于输出电压的幅度值得到逆变无功功率调整量，基于输出电压的频率得到逆变有功功率调整量，并基于逆变无功功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量获得逆变功率调整信号。这里的功率调整模块可用于基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号生成输出功率调整信号，通过输出功率调整信号控制逆变器输出目标输出功率。可以理解，在逆变采集模块获取逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率之后，由于逆变器的输出电压的幅度值与逆变功率(也即，逆变器输出的功率)中的无功功率调整量非线性相关，逆变器的输出电压的频率与逆变功率(也即，逆变器输出的功率)中的有功功率调整量非线性相关，逆变采集模块可以分别基于逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率确定逆变功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而得到逆变功率调整信号。进一步可以理解，功率调整模块可以基于电站采集模块输出的电站功率调整信号和逆变采集控制电路输出的逆变功率调整信号联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标调整量，并可以控制逆变器输出目标输出功率。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，逆变采集模块可以分别基于逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率确定逆变功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而得到逆变功率调整信号，功率调整模块可以基于电站采集模块输出的电站功率调整信号和逆变采集控制电路输出的逆变功率调整信号联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标调整量，并可以控制逆变器输出目标输出功率，结构简单。此外，系统可以分别对逆变器的无功功率和有功功率进行控制，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
结合第一方面第一种可能的实施方式，在第二种可能的实施方式中，电站功率调整信号可包括电站无功功率调整量和电站有功功率调整量。这里的电站采集模块还可用于基于并网电压的幅度值得到电站无功功率调整量，基于并网电压的频率得到电站有功功率调整量，并向逆变采集控制电路输出电站无功功率调整量和电站有功功率调整量。可以理解，在电站采集模块获取并网电压的幅度值和频率之后，由于并网电压的幅度值与电站功率(也即，供电系统在并网点输出的功率)中的无功功率调整量非线性相关，并网电压的频率与电站功率(也即，供电系统在并网点输出的功率)中的有功功率调整量非线性相关，电站采集模块可以分别基于并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率确定电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而将电站无功功率调整量和电站有功功率调整量输出给逆变采集电路。采用本申请提供的实施方式，电站采集模块可以分别基于并网点的并网电压的幅度值和频率确定电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而将电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量作为电站功率调整信号输出给逆变采集电路中的功率调整模块。由此，功率调整模块可以基于电站无功功率调整量和逆变无功功率调整量得到逆变器输出功率的目标无功功率调整量，还可以基于电站有用功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量得到逆变器输出功率的目标有功功率调整量，并可以控制逆变器输出目标输出功率(这里，目标输出功率可以包括目标无功功率 和目标有功功率)，结构简单。此外，系统可以分别控制逆变器输出目标无功功率和/或目标有功功率，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
结合第一方面第一种可能的实施方式，在第三种可能的实施方式中，电站功率调整信号可包括并网电压的幅度值和频率。这里的电站采集模块还可用于获取并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率，并向逆变采集控制电路输出并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率。这里，在电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路的通信速度(或频率)受限的场景，或者其他不便于电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路实时通信的场景中，电站采集模块可以获取并网点处并网电压的幅度值和频率，并向逆变采集控制电路输出并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率，由逆变采集控制电路基于并网电压的幅度值和频率确认电站功率的调整量。采用本申请提供的实施方式，系统可以在电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路的通信速度(或频率)受限的场景，或者其他不便于电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路实时通信的场景中，通过逆变采集控制电路向逆变采集控制电路输出并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率，并由逆变采集控制电路基于并网电压的幅度值和频率确认电站功率的调整量，方法简便灵活，适用性高，丰富了系统的适用场景和适用范围。
结合第一方面第三种可能的实施方式，在第四种可能的实施方式中，逆变采集控制电路还可包括信号确认模块。这里，功率调整模块的第一端可通过信号确认模块连接电站采集模块。这里的信号确认模块可用于基于并网电压的幅度值得到电站无功功率调整量，基于并网电压的频率得到电站有功功率调整量，向功率调整模块输出电站无功功率调整量和电站有功功率调整量。这里，在电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路的通信速度(或频率)受限的场景，或者其他不便于电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路实时通信的场景，或者其他电站采集模块直接将并网电压的幅度值和频率传输给逆变采集控制电路的场景中，信号确认模块可以分别基于并网点的并网电压的幅度值和频率确定电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而将电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量作为电站功率调整信号输出给逆变采集电路中的功率调整模块。由此，功率调整模块可以基于电站无功功率调整量和逆变无功功率调整量联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标无功功率调整量，还可以基于电站有用功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标有功功率调整量，并可以控制逆变器输出目标输出功率(这里，目标输出功率可以包括目标无功功率和目标有功功率)，结构简单。此外，可以分别控制逆变器输出目标无功功率和/或目标有功功率，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，在电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路的通信速度(或频率)受限的场景，或者其他不便于电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路实时通信的场景，或者其他电站采集模块直接将并网电压的幅度值和频率传输给逆变采集控制电路的场景中，信号确认模块可以分别基于并网点的并网电压的幅度值和频率确定电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而将电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量作为电站功率调整信号输出给逆变采集电路中的功率调整模块，方法简便灵活，适用性高，丰富了系统的适用场景和适用范围。功率调整模块可以基于电站无功功率调整量和逆变无功功率调整量联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标无功功率调整量，还可以基于电站有用功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标有功功率调整量，并可以控制逆变器输出目标输出功率(这里，目标输出功率可以包括目标无功功率和目标有功功率)，结构简单。此外，系统可以分别控制逆变器输出目标无功功率和/或目标有功功率，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
结合第一方面第二种可能的实施方式或第四种可能的实施方式，在第五种可能的实施方式中，功率调整模块还可包括调整量确认单元和功率控制单元。这里，功率控制单元与逆变器和调整量确认单元的一端相连，调整量确认单元的另一端与逆变采集模块相连，或者调整量确认单元的另一端与信号确认模块相连。这里的调整量确认单元可用于基于电站无功功率调整量和逆变无功功率调整量得到输出无功功率调整量，基于电站有功功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量得到输出有功功率调整量，并基于输出无功功率调整量和输出有功功率调整量生成输出功率调整信号。这里的功率控制单元可用于通过输出功率调整信号控制逆变器输出目标输出功率。这里，调整量确认单元(例如，比例积分放大电路)可以基于电站无功功率调整量和逆变无功功率调整量得到输出无功功率调整量(也即，逆变器输出功率的目标无功功率调整量)，还可以基于电站有用功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量得到输出有功功率调整量(也即，逆变器输出功率的目标有功功率调整量)，并基于输出无功功率调整量和输出有功功率调整量生成输出功率调整信号(例如，脉冲宽度调制信号或其他可以控制逆变器输出功率的控制信号)。这里，功率控制单元可以通过输出功率调整信号控制逆变器输出目标输出功率(这里，目标输出功率可以包括目标无功功率和目标有功功率)，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
结合第一方面第五种可能的实施方式，在第六种可能的实施方式中，逆变无功功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量满足：
d2Q1(u)/du2<0
d2P1(f)/df2<0
这里，Q1(u)为逆变无功功率调整量关于输出电压幅度值的函数，d2Q1(u)/du2为逆变无功功率调整量关于输出电压幅度值的二阶导数，P1(f)为逆变有功功率调整量关于输出电压频率的函数，d2P1(f)/df2为逆变有功功率调整量关于输出电压频率的二阶导数。
可以理解，在具体应用场景中，输出电压幅度值与目标输出电压幅度值的差值越大，对应的逆变无功功率调整量越大，且逆变无功功率调整量与输出电压幅度值并不是简单的线性相关，在输出电压幅度值与目标输出电压幅度值的差值增大时，对应的逆变无功功率调整量的增长速度大于输出电压幅度值与目标输出电压幅度值的差值的增长速度。因此，采用Q1(u)(例如，二次幂函数)作为逆变无功功率调整量关于输出电压幅度值的拟合函数，可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过小导致在输出电压幅度值与目标输出电压幅度值的差值较大时逆变无功功率调整量过小，也可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过大导致在输出电压幅度值与目标输出电压幅度值的差值较小时逆变无功功率调整量过大。
进一步可以理解，在具体应用场景中，输出电压频率与目标输出电压频率的差值越大，对应的逆变有功功率调整量越大，且逆变有功功率调整量与输出电压频率并不是简单地线性相关，在输出电压频率与目标输出电压频率的差值增大时，对应的逆变有功功率调整量的增长速度大于输出电压频率与目标输出电压频率的差值的增长速度。因此，采用P1(f)(例如，二次幂函数)作为逆变有功功率调整量关于输出电压频率的函数，可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过小导致在输出电压频率与目标输出电压频率的差值较大时逆变有功功率调整量过小，也可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过大导致在输出电压频率与目标输出电压频率的差值较小时逆变有功功率调整量过大。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，采用Q1(u)(例如，二次幂函数)作为逆变无功功率调整量关于输出电压幅度值的函数，可以更精确地基于输出电压幅度值得到逆变无功功率调整量， 方法简便，提高了控制精度和控制效率。采用P1(f)(例如，二次幂函数)作为逆变有功功率调整量关于输出电压频率的函数，可以更精确地基于输出电压频率得到逆变有功功率调整量，方法简便，提高了控制精度和控制效率。
结合第一方面第六种可能的实施方式，在第七种可能的实施方式中，电站无功功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量满足：
d2Q2(u)/du2<0
d2P2(f)/df2<0
这里，Q2(u)为电站无功功率调整量关于并网电压幅度值的函数，d2Q2(u)/du2为电站无功功率调整量关于并网电压幅度值的二阶导数，P2(f)为电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的函数，d2P2(f)/df2为电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的二阶导数。
可以理解，在具体应用场景中，并网电压幅度值与目标并网电压幅度值的差值越大，对应的电站无功功率调整量越大，且电站无功功率调整量与并网电压幅度值并不是简单的线性相关，在并网电压幅度值与目标并网电压幅度值的差值增大时，对应的电站无功功率调整量的增长速度大于并网电压幅度值与目标并网电压幅度值的差值的增长速度。因此，采用Q2(u)(例如，二次幂函数)作为电站无功功率调整量关于并网电压幅度值的拟合函数，可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过小导致在并网电压幅度值与目标并网电压幅度值的差值较大时电站无功功率调整量过小，也可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过大导致在并网电压幅度值与目标并网电压幅度值的差值较小时电站无功功率调整量过大。
进一步可以理解，在具体应用场景中，并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值越大，对应的电站有功功率调整量越大，且电站有功功率调整量与并网电压频率并不是简单地线性相关，在并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值增大时，对应的电站有功功率调整量的增长速度大于并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值的增长速度。因此，采用P2(f)(例如，二次幂函数)作为电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的函数，可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过小导致在并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值较大时电站有功功率调整量过小，也可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过大导致在并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值较小时电站有功功率调整量过大。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，采用Q2(u)(例如，二次幂函数)作为电站无功功率调整量关于并网电压幅度值的函数，可以更精确地基于并网电压幅度值得到电站无功功率调整量，方法简便，提高了控制精度和控制效率。采用P2(f)(例如，二次幂函数)作为电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的函数，可以更精确地基于并网电压频率得到电站有功功率调整量，方法简便，提高了控制精度和控制效率。
结合第一方面第七种可能的实施方式，在第八种可能的实施方式中，输出无功功率调整量和输出有功功率调整量满足：
Qout＝Q1+k1(Q2-Q1)
Pout＝P1+k2(P2-P1)
这里，Qout为输出无功功率调整量，Q1为逆变无功功率调整量，Q2为电站无功功率调整量，k1为输出无功功率调节系数，Pout为输出有功功率调整量，P1为逆变有功功率调整量，P2为电站有功功率调整量，k2为输出有功功率调节系数。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，系统可以基于电站无功功率调整量Q1和逆变无功功率调整 量Q1得到输出无功功率调整量Qout(也即，逆变器输出功率的目标无功功率调整量)，还可以基于电站有用功率调整量P1和逆变有功功率调整量P2得到输出有功功率调整量Pout(也即，逆变器输出功率的目标有功功率调整量)，并基于输出无功功率调整量Qout和输出有功功率调整量Pout生成输出功率调整信号(例如，脉冲宽度调制信号或其他可以控制逆变器输出功率的控制信号)，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
结合第一方面第八种可能的实施方式，在第九种可能的实施方式中，供电系统还可包括汇流箱，电源可通过汇流箱连接逆变器。
结合第一方面第九种可能的实施方式，在第十种可能的实施方式中，供电系统还可包括直流母线，电源可通过汇流箱连接直流母线，直流母线连接逆变器。
结合第一方面第十种可能的实施方式，在第十一种可能的实施方式中，供电系统还可包括并离网接线装置，变压器可通过并离网接线装置连接电网。
在本申请中，供电系统中功能模块的组成方式多样、灵活，可适应不同的供电环境，提高供电系统的应用场景的多样性，增强供电系统的适应性。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种并网控制方法，该并网控制方法可适用于供电系统中连接并网点的电站采集模块和所述供电系统的逆变采集控制电路，还可适用于第一方面或第一方面任一种可能的实施方式中的供电系统，该方法包括：电站采集模块获取并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率，并基于并网电压的幅度值和频率得到电站功率调整信号。逆变采集控制电路获取逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率，并基于输出电压的幅度值和频率得到逆变功率调整信号，并基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号控制逆变器输出目标输出功率。
在本申请提供的实施方式中，电站采集模块可以获取并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率。这里，并网电压的幅度值和频率与电站功率(也即，供电系统在并网点输出的功率)相关，系统可以基于并网电压的幅度值和频率确定电站功率的调整量，进而得到电站功率调整信号。逆变采集控制电路可以获取逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率。这里，逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率与逆变功率(也即，逆变器输出的功率)相关，逆变采集控制电路可以基于逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率确定逆变功率的调整量，进而得到逆变功率调整信号。由于逆变器的输出端和并网点之间存在其他功能模块或者电能元件(例如，变压器等)，逆变采集控制电路可以基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标调整量，并可以控制逆变器输出目标输出功率。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，系统可以通过电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路采集并网点的并网电压和逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率，并分别确定电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号，进而基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号调整逆变器的输出功率，结构简单，控制方法简便，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
结合第二方面，在第一种可能的实施方式中，逆变采集控制电路获取逆变器输出端的输出电压的幅度值和频率，并基于输出电压的幅度值和频率得到逆变功率调整信号，并基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号控制逆变器的输出功率为目标输出功率，可包括：获取逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率，基于输出电压的幅度值得到逆变无功功率调整量，基于输出电压的频率得到逆变有功功率调整量，并基于逆变无功功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量获得逆变功率调整信号。基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号生成输出功率调整信号，通过输出功率调整信号控制逆变器的输出功率为目标输出功率。可以理解，在获取逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率之后，由于逆变器的输出电压的幅度值与逆变功率(也即，逆变器输出的功率)中的无功功率调整量非线性相关，逆变器的输出电压的频率与逆变功率(也 即，逆变器输出的功率)中的有功功率调整量非线性相关，逆变采集控制电路可以分别基于逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率确定逆变功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而得到逆变功率调整信号。进一步可以理解，逆变采集控制电路可以基于电站采集模块输出的电站功率调整信号和逆变采集控制电路输出的逆变功率调整信号联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标调整量，并可以控制逆变器输出目标输出功率。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，逆变采集控制电路可以分别基于逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率确定逆变功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而得到逆变功率调整信号，进而可以基于电站采集模块输出的电站功率调整信号和逆变采集控制电路输出的逆变功率调整信号联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标调整量，并可以控制逆变器输出目标输出功率，结构简单。此外，逆变采集控制电路可以分别对逆变器的无功功率和有功功率进行控制，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
结合第二方面第一种可能的实施方式，在第二种可能的实施方式中，电站功率调整信号可包括电站无功功率调整量和电站有功功率调整量，基于并网电压的幅度值和频率得到电站功率调整信号可包括：电站采集模块基于并网电压的幅度值得到电站无功功率调整量，并基于并网电压的频率得到电站有功功率调整量，并向逆变采集控制电路输出电站无功功率调整量和电站有功功率调整量。可以理解，在电站采集模块获取并网电压的幅度值和频率之后，由于并网电压的幅度值与电站功率(也即，供电系统在并网点输出的功率)中的无功功率调整量非线性相关，并网电压的频率与电站功率(也即，供电系统在并网点输出的功率)中的有功功率调整量非线性相关，电站采集模块可以分别基于并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率确定电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而将电站无功功率调整量和电站有功功率调整量输出给逆变采集电路。采用本申请提供的实施方式，电站采集模块可以分别基于并网点的并网电压的幅度值和频率确定电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而将电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量作为电站功率调整信号输出给逆变采集电路中的功率调整模块。由此，功率调整模块可以基于电站无功功率调整量和逆变无功功率调整量得到逆变器输出功率的目标无功功率调整量，还可以基于电站有用功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量得到逆变器输出功率的目标有功功率调整量，并可以控制逆变器输出目标输出功率(这里，目标输出功率可以包括目标无功功率和目标有功功率)，结构简单。此外，系统可以分别控制逆变器输出目标无功功率和/或目标有功功率，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
结合第二方面第一种可能的实施方式，在第三种可能的实施方式中，电站功率调整信号可包括并网电压的幅度值和频率。基于并网电压的幅度值和频率得到电站功率调整信号可包括：电站采集模块获取并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率，并向逆变采集控制电路输出并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，系统可以在电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路的通信速度(或频率)受限的场景，或者其他不便于电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路实时通信的场景中，通过逆变采集控制电路向逆变采集控制电路输出并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率，并由逆变采集控制电路基于并网电压的幅度值和频率确认电站功率的调整量，方法简便灵活，适用性高，丰富了系统的适用场景和适用范围。
结合第二方面第三种可能的实施方式，在第四种可能的实施方式中，在向逆变采集控制电路输出并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率之后，方法可包括：基于并网电压的幅度值得到电站无功功率调整量，基于并网电压的频率得到电站有功功率调整量，输出电站无功功率 调整量和电站有功功率调整量。这里，在电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路的通信速度(或频率)受限的场景，或者其他不便于电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路实时通信的场景，或者其他电站采集模块直接将并网电压的幅度值和频率传输给逆变采集控制电路的场景中，逆变采集控制电路可以分别基于并网点的并网电压的幅度值和频率确定电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而将电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量作为电站功率调整信号进行输出。由此，逆变采集控制电路可以基于电站无功功率调整量和逆变无功功率调整量联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标无功功率调整量，还可以基于电站有用功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标有功功率调整量，并可以控制逆变器输出目标输出功率(这里，目标输出功率可以包括目标无功功率和目标有功功率)，结构简单。此外，逆变采集控制电路可以分别控制逆变器输出目标无功功率和/或目标有功功率，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，在电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路的通信速度(或频率)受限的场景，或者其他不便于电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路实时通信的场景，或者其他电站采集模块直接将并网电压的幅度值和频率传输给逆变采集控制电路的场景中，逆变采集控制电路可以分别基于并网点的并网电压的幅度值和频率确定电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而将电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量作为电站功率调整信号进行输出，方法简便灵活，适用性高，丰富了系统的适用场景和适用范围。逆变采集控制电路可以基于电站无功功率调整量和逆变无功功率调整量联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标无功功率调整量，还可以基于电站有用功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标有功功率调整量，并可以控制逆变器输出目标输出功率(这里，目标输出功率可以包括目标无功功率和目标有功功率)，结构简单。此外，逆变采集控制电路可以分别控制逆变器输出目标无功功率和/或目标有功功率，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
结合第二方面第二种可能的实施方式或第四种可能的实施方式，在第五种可能的实施方式中，基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号生成输出功率调整信号，通过输出功率调整信号控制逆变器的输出功率为目标输出功率，可包括：基于电站无功功率调整量和逆变无功功率调整量得到输出无功功率调整量，基于电站有功功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量得到输出有功功率调整量，并基于输出无功功率调整量和输出有功功率调整量生成输出功率调整信号。通过输出功率调整信号控制逆变器输出目标输出功率。这里，逆变采集控制电路可以基于电站无功功率调整量和逆变无功功率调整量得到输出无功功率调整量(也即，逆变器输出功率的目标无功功率调整量)，还可以基于电站有用功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量得到输出有功功率调整量(也即，逆变器输出功率的目标有功功率调整量)，并基于输出无功功率调整量和输出有功功率调整量生成输出功率调整信号(例如，脉冲宽度调制信号或其他可以控制逆变器输出功率的控制信号)。这里，逆变采集控制电路还可以通过输出功率调整信号控制逆变器输出目标输出功率(这里，目标输出功率可以包括目标无功功率和目标有功功率)，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
结合第二方面第五种可能的实施方式，在第六种可能的实施方式中，逆变无功功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量满足：
d2Q1(u)/du2<0
d2P1(f)/df2<0
这里，Q1(u)为逆变无功功率调整量关于输出电压幅度值的函数，d2Q1(u)/du2为逆变无功功率调整量关于输出电压幅度值的二阶导数，P1(f)为逆变有功功率调整量关于输出电压频率的函数，d2P1(f)/df2为逆变有功功率调整量关于输出电压频率的二阶导数。
可以理解，在具体应用场景中，输出电压幅度值与目标输出电压幅度值的差值越大，对应的逆变无功功率调整量越大，且逆变无功功率调整量与输出电压幅度值并不是简单的线性相关，在输出电压幅度值与目标输出电压幅度值的差值增大时，对应的逆变无功功率调整量的增长速度大于输出电压幅度值与目标输出电压幅度值的差值的增长速度。因此，采用Q1(u)(例如，二次幂函数)作为逆变无功功率调整量关于输出电压幅度值的拟合函数，可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过小导致在输出电压幅度值与目标输出电压幅度值的差值较大时逆变无功功率调整量过小，也可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过大导致在输出电压幅度值与目标输出电压幅度值的差值较小时逆变无功功率调整量过大。
进一步可以理解，在具体应用场景中，输出电压频率与目标输出电压频率的差值越大，对应的逆变有功功率调整量越大，且逆变有功功率调整量与输出电压频率并不是简单地线性相关，在输出电压频率与目标输出电压频率的差值增大时，对应的逆变有功功率调整量的增长速度大于输出电压频率与目标输出电压频率的差值的增长速度。因此，采用P1(f)(例如，二次幂函数)作为逆变有功功率调整量关于输出电压频率的函数，可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过小导致在输出电压频率与目标输出电压频率的差值较大时逆变有功功率调整量过小，也可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过大导致在输出电压频率与目标输出电压频率的差值较小时逆变有功功率调整量过大。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，采用Q1(u)(例如，二次幂函数)作为逆变无功功率调整量关于输出电压幅度值的函数，可以更精确地基于输出电压幅度值得到逆变无功功率调整量，方法简便，提高了控制精度和控制效率。采用P1(f)(例如，二次幂函数)作为逆变有功功率调整量关于输出电压频率的函数，可以更精确地基于输出电压频率得到逆变有功功率调整量，方法简便，提高了控制精度和控制效率。
结合第二方面第六种可能的实施方式，在第七种可能的实施方式中，电站无功功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量满足：
d2Q2(u)/du2<0
d2P2(f)/df2<0
这里，Q2(u)为电站无功功率调整量关于并网电压幅度值的函数，d2Q2(u)/du2为电站无功功率调整量关于并网电压幅度值的二阶导数，P2(f)为电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的函数，d2P2(f)/df2为电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的二阶导数。
可以理解，在具体应用场景中，并网电压幅度值与目标并网电压幅度值的差值越大，对应的电站无功功率调整量越大，且电站无功功率调整量与并网电压幅度值并不是简单的线性相关，在并网电压幅度值与目标并网电压幅度值的差值增大时，对应的电站无功功率调整量的增长速度大于并网电压幅度值与目标并网电压幅度值的差值的增长速度。因此，采用Q2(u)(例如，二次幂函数)作为电站无功功率调整量关于并网电压幅度值的拟合函数，可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过小导致在并网电压幅度值与目标并网电压幅度值的差值较大时电站无功功率调整量过小，也可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过大导致在并网电压幅度值与目标并网电压幅度值的差值较小时电站无功功率调整量过大。
进一步可以理解，在具体应用场景中，并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值越大， 对应的电站有功功率调整量越大，且电站有功功率调整量与并网电压频率并不是简单地线性相关，在并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值增大时，对应的电站有功功率调整量的增长速度大于并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值的增长速度。因此，采用P2(f)(例如，二次幂函数)作为电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的函数，可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过小导致在并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值较大时电站有功功率调整量过小，也可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过大导致在并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值较小时电站有功功率调整量过大。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，采用Q2(u)(例如，二次幂函数)作为电站无功功率调整量关于并网电压幅度值的函数，可以更精确地基于并网电压幅度值得到电站无功功率调整量，方法简便，提高了控制精度和控制效率。采用P2(f)(例如，二次幂函数)作为电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的函数，可以更精确地基于并网电压频率得到电站有功功率调整量，方法简便，提高了控制精度和控制效率。
结合第二方面第七种可能的实施方式，在第八种可能的实施方式中，输出无功功率调整量和输出有功功率调整量满足：
Qout＝Q1+k1(Q2-Q1)
Pout＝P1+k2(P2-P1)
这里，Qout为输出无功功率调整量，Q1为逆变无功功率调整量，Q2为电站无功功率调整量，k1为输出无功功率调节系数，Pout为输出有功功率调整量，P1为逆变有功功率调整量，P2为电站有功功率调整量，k2为输出有功功率调节系数。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，系统可以基于电站无功功率调整量Q1和逆变无功功率调整量Q1得到输出无功功率调整量Qout(也即，逆变器输出功率的目标无功功率调整量)，还可以基于电站有用功率调整量P1和逆变有功功率调整量P2得到输出有功功率调整量Pout(也即，逆变器输出功率的目标有功功率调整量)，并基于输出无功功率调整量Qout和输出有功功率调整量Pout生成输出功率调整信号(例如，脉冲宽度调制信号或其他可以控制逆变器输出功率的控制信号)，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的供电系统的应用场景示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的供电系统的一结构示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的供电系统的另一结构示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的供电系统的电站有功功率调整量与频率关系示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的供电系统的另一结构示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的供电系统的另一结构示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的供电系统的另一结构示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的供电系统的另一结构示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的并网控制方法的一流程示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的并网控制方法的另一流程示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请提供的供电系统可以适用于新能源智能微网领域、输配电领域或者新能源领域(如 光伏并网领域、火力并网领域或者风力并网领域)、光伏发电领域，或者风力发电领域，或者火力发电领域，或者大功率变换器领域(如将直流电转换为大功率的高压交流电)等多种应用领域，具体可根据实际应用场景确定，在此不做限制。本申请提供的供电系统可适用于光伏供电系统、风能供电系统、火力供电系统、核能供电系统、化学供电系统或生物质能供电系统等具有不同发电装置的供电系统，具体可根据实际应用场景确定，在此不做限制。本申请提供的供电系统可适配于不同的应用场景，比如，对光储供电环境中的负载进行供电的应用场景、风储供电环境中的负载进行供电的应用场景、纯储能供电环境中的负载进行供电的应用场景或者其它应用场景，下面将以对纯储能供电环境中的负载进行供电的应用场景为例进行说明，以下不再赘述。
请参见图1，图1是本申请实施例提供的供电系统的应用场景示意图。在纯储能供电应用场景下，如图1所示，供电系统1中包括电源11、逆变器12、变压器13、电站采集模块14和逆变采集控制电路10，其中，电源11可通过逆变器12和变压器13相连，变压器13可与电网2连接于并网点，电站采集模块14的一端可连接于并网点，电站采集模块的另一端可连接逆变采集控制电路10的第一端，逆变采集控制电路10的第二端可连接于逆变器12和变压器13之间，逆变采集控制电路10的第三端可连接逆变器12。在一些可行的实施方式中，电源11可以通过逆变器12和变压器13为电网2供电。在一些可行的实施方式中，电源11也可以通过逆变器12和变压器13与负载3相连，并通过逆变器12和变压器13为负载3供电。这里，逆变器12可以将电源11提供的直流电能转换为交流电能，变压器13可以将交流电能的电压提升(或降低)至于电网2(或负载3)匹配的电压值。在一些可行的实施方式中，电源11也可以作为储能装置，在电力不紧张时，电源11可以通过逆变器12和变压器13获取电网2提供的电能进行存储。本申请仅以电源11通过逆变器12和变压器13为电网2(或负载3)供电的应用场景为例进行介绍，以下不再赘述。可以理解，本申请提供的电源11适用于为在无市电或者市电差的偏远地区的基站设备供电，或者为蓄电池供电，或者为家用设备(如冰箱、空调等等)供电等为多种类型的用电设备供电的应用场景中，具体可根据实际应用场景确定，在此不做限制。进一步可以理解，图1中的电网2可以包括传输线、电力中转站点、蓄电池、通信基站或者家用设备等用电设备或电力传输设备。这里的负载3可以包括电机、整流设备等在运行(供电或者用电)过程中电压和电流为非线性关系的负载(用电装置或者电力传输装置)。可以理解，由于在电网2(或负载3)运行时，电网2(或负载3)端的阻抗通常存在变化，或者当电源11为新能源供电站(例如光伏发电站)时，发电功率可能会不稳定(例如，光伏发电站的光照条件发生变化)。在这些场景(或其他应用场景)中，供电系统1与电网2连接处的并网点的电压和频率会发生波动，可能增加设备损耗甚至危害设备安全。这里，电站采集模块14可以获取并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率，并基于并网电压的幅度值和频率得到电站功率调整信号，逆变采集控制电路10可以获取逆变器12的输出电压的幅度值和频率，并基于输出电压的幅度值和频率得到逆变功率调整信号，并基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号控制逆变器12输出目标输出功率，结构简单，控制方法简便，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
下面将结合图2至图10对本申请提供的供电系统及其工作原理进行示例说明。
请参见图2，图2是本申请实施例提供的供电系统的一结构示意图。如图2所示，供电系统包括电源101、逆变器102、变压器103、电站采集模块104和逆变采集控制电路100。这里，电源101可通过逆变器102和变压器103相连，变压器103可与电网连接于并网点，电站采集模块104的一端可连接于并网点，电站采集模块104的另一端可连接逆变采集控制 电路100的第一端，逆变采集控制电路100的第二端可连接于逆变器102和变压器103之间，逆变采集控制电路100的第三端可连接逆变器102。这里的电站采集模块104可用于获取并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率，并基于并网电压的幅度值和频率得到电站功率调整信号。这里的逆变采集控制电路100可用于获取逆变器102的输出电压的幅度值和频率，并基于输出电压的幅度值和频率得到逆变功率调整信号，并基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号控制逆变器102输出目标输出功率。
在本申请提供的实施方式中，电站采集模块104可以获取并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率。这里，并网电压的幅度值和频率与电站功率(也即，供电系统在并网点输出的功率)相关，系统可以基于并网电压的幅度值和频率确定电站功率的调整量，进而得到电站功率调整信号。逆变采集控制电路100可以获取逆变器102的输出电压的幅度值和频率。这里，逆变器102的输出电压的幅度值和频率与逆变功率(也即，逆变器102输出的功率)相关，逆变采集控制电路100可以基于逆变器102的输出电压的幅度值和频率确定逆变功率的调整量，进而得到逆变功率调整信号。由于逆变器102的输出端和并网点之间存在其他功能模块或者电能元件(例如，变压器103等)，逆变采集控制电路100可以基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号联合得到逆变器102输出功率的目标调整量，并可以控制逆变器102输出目标输出功率。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，系统可以通过电站采集模块104和逆变采集控制电路100采集并网点的并网电压和逆变器102的输出电压的幅度值和频率，并分别确定电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号，进而基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号调整逆变器102的输出功率，结构简单，控制方法简便，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
在一些可行的实施方式中，逆变采集控制电路可包括逆变采集模块和功率调整模块，具体请一并参见图3，图3是本申请实施例提供的供电系统的另一结构示意图。如图3所示，逆变采集控制电路200可包括逆变采集模块205和功率调整模块206。这里，电源201可通过逆变器202和变压器203相连，变压器203可与电网连接于并网点，电站采集模块204的一端可连接于并网点，电站采集模块204的另一端可连接逆变采集控制电路200的第一端，逆变采集控制电路200的第二端可连接于逆变器202和变压器203之间，逆变采集控制电路200的第三端可连接逆变器202。这里，功率调整模块206的第一端可作为逆变采集控制电路200的第一端连接电站采集模块204，逆变采集模块205的一端可作为逆变采集控制电路200的第二端连接于逆变器202和变压器203之间，逆变采集模块205的另一端可连接功率调整模块206的第二端，功率调整模块206的第三端可作为逆变采集控制电路200的第三端连接逆变器202。这里的逆变采集模块205可用于获取逆变器202的输出电压的幅度值和频率，基于输出电压的幅度值得到逆变无功功率调整量，基于输出电压的频率得到逆变有功功率调整量，并基于逆变无功功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量获得逆变功率调整信号。这里的功率调整模块206可用于基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号生成输出功率调整信号，通过输出功率调整信号控制逆变器202输出目标输出功率。可以理解，在逆变采集模块205获取逆变器202的输出电压的幅度值和频率之后，由于逆变器202的输出电压的幅度值与逆变功率(也即，逆变器202输出的功率)中的无功功率调整量非线性相关，逆变器202的输出电压的频率与逆变功率(也即，逆变器202输出的功率)中的有功功率调整量非线性相关，逆变采集模块205可以分别基于逆变器202的输出电压的幅度值和频率确定逆变功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而得到逆变功率调整信号。进一步可以理解，功率调整模 块206可以基于电站采集模块204输出的电站功率调整信号和逆变采集控制电路200输出的逆变功率调整信号联合得到逆变器202输出功率的目标调整量，并可以控制逆变器202输出目标输出功率。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，逆变采集模块205可以分别基于逆变器202的输出电压的幅度值和频率确定逆变功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而得到逆变功率调整信号，功率调整模块206可以基于电站采集模块204输出的电站功率调整信号和逆变采集控制电路200输出的逆变功率调整信号联合得到逆变器202输出功率的目标调整量，并可以控制逆变器202输出目标输出功率，结构简单。此外，系统可以分别对逆变器202的无功功率和有功功率进行控制，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
在一些可行的实施方式中，电站功率调整信号可包括电站无功功率调整量和电站有功功率调整量。这里的电站采集模块204还可用于基于并网电压的幅度值得到电站无功功率调整量，基于并网电压的频率得到电站有功功率调整量，并向逆变采集控制电路200输出电站无功功率调整量和电站有功功率调整量。可以理解，在电站采集模块204获取并网电压的幅度值和频率之后，由于并网电压的幅度值与电站功率(也即，供电系统在并网点输出的功率)中的无功功率调整量非线性相关，并网电压的频率与电站功率(也即，供电系统在并网点输出的功率)中的有功功率调整量非线性相关，电站采集模块204可以分别基于并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率确定电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而将电站无功功率调整量和电站有功功率调整量输出给逆变采集电路。采用本申请提供的实施方式，电站采集模块204可以分别基于并网点的并网电压的幅度值和频率确定电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而将电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量作为电站功率调整信号输出给逆变采集电路中的功率调整模块206。由此，功率调整模块206可以基于电站无功功率调整量和逆变无功功率调整量得到逆变器202输出功率的目标无功功率调整量，还可以基于电站有用功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量得到逆变器202输出功率的目标有功功率调整量，并可以控制逆变器202输出目标输出功率(这里，目标输出功率可以包括目标无功功率和目标有功功率)，结构简单。此外，系统可以分别控制逆变器202输出目标无功功率和/或目标有功功率，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
在一些可行的实施方式中，逆变无功功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量满足如下公式：
d2Q1(u)/du2<0  (1)
d2P1(f)/df2<0  (2)
这里，Q1(u)为逆变无功功率调整量关于输出电压幅度值的函数，d2Q1(u)/du2为逆变无功功率调整量关于输出电压幅度值的二阶导数，P1(f)为逆变有功功率调整量关于输出电压频率的函数，d2P1(f)/df2为逆变有功功率调整量关于输出电压频率的二阶导数。
可以理解，在具体应用场景中，输出电压幅度值与目标输出电压幅度值的差值越大，对应的逆变无功功率调整量越大，且逆变无功功率调整量与输出电压幅度值并不是简单的线性相关，在输出电压幅度值与目标输出电压幅度值的差值增大时，对应的逆变无功功率调整量的增长速度大于输出电压幅度值与目标输出电压幅度值的差值的增长速度。因此，采用Q1(u)(例如，二次幂函数)作为逆变无功功率调整量关于输出电压幅度值的拟合函数，可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过小导致在输出电压幅度值与目标输出电压幅度值的差值较大时逆变无功功率调整量过小，也可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过大导致在输出电压幅度值与目标输出电压幅度值的差值较小时逆变无功功率调整量过大。
进一步可以理解，在具体应用场景中，输出电压频率与目标输出电压频率的差值越大，对应的逆变有功功率调整量越大，且逆变有功功率调整量与输出电压频率并不是简单地线性相关，在输出电压频率与目标输出电压频率的差值增大时，对应的逆变有功功率调整量的增长速度大于输出电压频率与目标输出电压频率的差值的增长速度。因此，采用P1(f)(例如，二次幂函数)作为逆变有功功率调整量关于输出电压频率的函数，可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过小导致在输出电压频率与目标输出电压频率的差值较大时逆变有功功率调整量过小，也可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过大导致在输出电压频率与目标输出电压频率的差值较小时逆变有功功率调整量过大。
在一些可行的实施方式中，逆变无功功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量可以满足如下公式：
Q1＝k11·(U0-U1)2  (3)
P1＝k12·(f0-f1)2  (4)
其中，Q1为逆变无功功率调整量，U0为目标输出电压幅度值，U1为输出电压幅度值，k11为逆变无功功率调节系数，P1为逆变无功功率调整量，f0为目标输出电压频率，f1为输出电压频率，k12为逆变有功功率调节系数。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，采用Q1(u)(例如，公式3所示的二次幂函数)作为逆变无功功率调整量关于输出电压幅度值的函数，可以更精确地基于输出电压幅度值得到逆变无功功率调整量，方法简便，提高了控制精度和控制效率。采用P1(f)(例如，公式4所示的二次幂函数)作为逆变有功功率调整量关于输出电压频率的函数，可以更精确地基于输出电压频率得到逆变有功功率调整量，方法简便，提高了控制精度和控制效率。
在一些可行的实施方式中，电站无功功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量满足如下公式：
d2Q2(u)/du2<0  (5)
d2P2(f)/df2<0  (6)
这里，Q2(u)为电站无功功率调整量关于并网电压幅度值的函数，d2Q2(u)/du2为电站无功功率调整量关于并网电压幅度值的二阶导数，P2(f)为电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的函数，d2P2(f)/df2为电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的二阶导数。
可以理解，在具体应用场景中，并网电压幅度值与目标并网电压幅度值的差值越大，对应的电站无功功率调整量越大，且电站无功功率调整量与并网电压幅度值并不是简单的线性相关，在并网电压幅度值与目标并网电压幅度值的差值增大时，对应的电站无功功率调整量的增长速度大于并网电压幅度值与目标并网电压幅度值的差值的增长速度。因此，采用Q2(u)(例如，二次幂函数)作为电站无功功率调整量关于并网电压幅度值的拟合函数，可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过小导致在并网电压幅度值与目标并网电压幅度值的差值较大时电站无功功率调整量过小，也可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过大导致在并网电压幅度值与目标并网电压幅度值的差值较小时电站无功功率调整量过大。
进一步可以理解，在具体应用场景中，并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值越大，对应的电站有功功率调整量越大，且电站有功功率调整量与并网电压频率并不是简单地线性相关，在并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值增大时，对应的电站有功功率调整量的增长速度大于并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值的增长速度。请一并参见图4，图4是本申请实施例提供的供电系统的电站有功功率调整量与频率关系示意图。如图4中的(a)部 分所示，虚线为采用线性函数拟合得到的电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的曲线，实线为实际应用场景中电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的曲线，图4中的(a)部分中虚线所示的线性拟合系数过大，当并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值较小时，电站有功功率调整量过大，如果按照虚线进行线性拟合，得到的电站有功功率调整量和实际所需的电站有功功率调整量误差很大。如图4中的(b)部分所示，虚线为采用线性函数拟合得到的电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的曲线，实线为实际应用场景中电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的曲线，图4中的(b)部分中虚线所示的线性拟合系数过小，当并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值较大时，电站有功功率调整量过小，如果按照虚线进行线性拟合，得到的电站有功功率调整量和实际所需的电站有功功率调整量误差也很大。如图4中的(c)部分所示，虚线为采用线性函数拟合得到的电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的曲线，实线为实际应用场景中电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的曲线，图4中的(c)部分中虚线所示的线性拟合系数适中，但按照虚线进行线性拟合得到的电站有功功率调整量和实际所需的电站有功功率调整量误差依旧很大。可见，线性拟合下得到的电站有功功率调整量和实际所需的电站有功功率调整量总会存在较大误差。在本申请中，如图4中的(d)部分所示，虚线为采用非线性函数拟合得到的电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的曲线，黑色实线为实际应用场景中电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的曲线。可见，采用非线性函数拟合得到的电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的曲线与实际应用场景中电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的曲线误差较小，提高了系统的控制精度。
因此，采用P2(f)(例如，二次幂函数)作为电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的函数，可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过小导致在并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值较大时电站有功功率调整量过小，也可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过大导致在并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值较小时电站有功功率调整量过大。
在一些可行的实施方式中，电站无功功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量可以满足如下公式：
Q2＝k21·(Uc-U2)2  (7)
P2＝k22·(fc-f2)2  (8)
其中，Q2为电站无功功率调整量，Uc为目标并网电压幅度值，U2为并网电压幅度值，k21为电站无功功率调节系数，P2为电站有功功率调整量，fc为目标并网电压频率，f2为并网电压频率，k22为电站有功功率调节系数。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，采用Q2(u)(例如，公式7所示的二次幂函数)作为电站无功功率调整量关于并网电压幅度值的函数，可以更精确地基于并网电压幅度值得到电站无功功率调整量，方法简便，提高了控制精度和控制效率。采用P2(f)(例如，公式8所示的二次幂函数)作为电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的函数，可以更精确地基于并网电压频率得到电站有功功率调整量，方法简便，提高了控制精度和控制效率。
在一些可行的实施方式中，输出无功功率调整量和输出有功功率调整量满足如下公式：
Qout＝Q1+k1(Q2-Q1)  (9)
Pout＝P1+k2(P2-P1)  (10)
这里，Qout为输出无功功率调整量，Q1为逆变无功功率调整量，Q2为电站无功功率调整量，k1为输出无功功率调节系数，Pout为输出有功功率调整量，P1为逆变有功功率调整 量，P2为电站有功功率调整量，k2为输出有功功率调节系数。
请再次参见图4，如图4中的(d)部分所示，灰色实线为同时基于电站有功功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量得到的输出有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的曲线。系统可以同时基于电站有功功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量，得到输出有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的曲线，进一步减小了与实际应用场景中电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率曲线的误差，进一步提高了系统的控制精度。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，系统可以基于电站无功功率调整量Q1和逆变无功功率调整量Q1得到输出无功功率调整量Qout(也即，逆变器输出功率的目标无功功率调整量)，还可以基于电站有用功率调整量P1和逆变有功功率调整量P2得到输出有功功率调整量Pout(也即，逆变器输出功率的目标有功功率调整量)，并基于输出无功功率调整量Qout和输出有功功率调整量Pout生成输出功率调整信号(例如，脉冲宽度调制信号或其他可以控制逆变器输出功率的控制信号)，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
在一些可行的实施方式中，电站功率调整信号可包括并网电压的幅度值和频率。这里的电站采集模块204还可用于获取并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率，并向逆变采集控制电路200输出并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率。这里，在电站采集模块204和逆变采集控制电路200的通信速度(或频率)受限的场景，或者其他不便于电站采集模块204和逆变采集控制电路200实时通信的场景中，电站采集模块204可以获取并网点处并网电压的幅度值和频率，并向逆变采集控制电路200输出并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率，由逆变采集控制电路200基于并网电压的幅度值和频率确认电站功率的调整量。采用本申请提供的实施方式，系统可以在电站采集模块204和逆变采集控制电路200的通信速度(或频率)受限的场景，或者其他不便于电站采集模块204和逆变采集控制电路200实时通信的场景中，通过逆变采集控制电路200向逆变采集控制电路200输出并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率，并由逆变采集控制电路200基于并网电压的幅度值和频率确认电站功率的调整量，方法简便灵活，适用性高，丰富了系统的适用场景和适用范围。
在一些可行的实施方式中，逆变采集控制电路还可包括信号确认模块。请参见图5，图5是本申请实施例提供的供电系统的另一结构示意图。如图5所示，逆变采集控制电路300还可包括信号确认模块307。这里，电源301可通过逆变器302和变压器303相连，变压器303可与电网连接于并网点，电站采集模块304的一端可连接于并网点，电站采集模块304的另一端可连接逆变采集控制电路300的第一端，逆变采集控制电路300的第二端可连接于逆变器302和变压器303之间，逆变采集控制电路300的第三端可连接逆变器302。这里，功率调整模块306的第一端可作为逆变采集控制电路300的第一端连接电站采集模块304，逆变采集模块305的一端可作为逆变采集控制电路300的第二端连接于逆变器302和变压器303之间，逆变采集模块305的另一端可连接功率调整模块306的第二端，功率调整模块306的第三端可作为逆变采集控制电路300的第三端连接逆变器302。这里，功率调整模块306的第一端可通过信号确认模块307连接电站采集模块304。这里的信号确认模块307可用于基于并网电压的幅度值得到电站无功功率调整量，基于并网电压的频率得到电站有功功率调整量，向功率调整模块306输出电站无功功率调整量和电站有功功率调整量。这里，在电站采集模块304和逆变采集控制电路300的通信速度(或频率)受限的场景，或者其他不便于电站采集模块304和逆变采集控制电路300实时通信的场景，或者其他电站采集模块304直接将并网电压的幅度值和频率传输给逆变采集控制电路300的场景中，信号确认模块307可以分别基于并网点的并网电压的幅度值和频率确定电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整 量，进而将电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量作为电站功率调整信号输出给逆变采集电路中的功率调整模块306。由此，功率调整模块306可以基于电站无功功率调整量和逆变无功功率调整量联合得到逆变器302输出功率的目标无功功率调整量，还可以基于电站有用功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量联合得到逆变器302输出功率的目标有功功率调整量，并可以控制逆变器302输出目标输出功率(这里，目标输出功率可以包括目标无功功率和目标有功功率)，结构简单。此外，可以分别控制逆变器302输出目标无功功率和/或目标有功功率，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，在电站采集模块304和逆变采集控制电路300的通信速度(或频率)受限的场景，或者其他不便于电站采集模块304和逆变采集控制电路300实时通信的场景，或者其他电站采集模块304直接将并网电压的幅度值和频率传输给逆变采集控制电路300的场景中，信号确认模块307可以分别基于并网点的并网电压的幅度值和频率确定电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而将电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量作为电站功率调整信号输出给逆变采集电路中的功率调整模块306，方法简便灵活，适用性高，丰富了系统的适用场景和适用范围。功率调整模块306可以基于电站无功功率调整量和逆变无功功率调整量联合得到逆变器302输出功率的目标无功功率调整量，还可以基于电站有用功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量联合得到逆变器302输出功率的目标有功功率调整量，并可以控制逆变器302输出目标输出功率(这里，目标输出功率可以包括目标无功功率和目标有功功率)，结构简单。此外，系统可以分别控制逆变器302输出目标无功功率和/或目标有功功率，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
在一些可行的实施方式中，功率调整模块还可包括调整量确认单元和功率控制单元。请参见图6，图6是本申请实施例提供的供电系统的另一结构示意图。如图6所示，功率调整模块406还可包括调整量确认单元4061和功率控制单元4062。这里，电源401可通过逆变器402和变压器403相连，变压器403可与电网连接于并网点，电站采集模块404的一端可连接于并网点，电站采集模块404的另一端可连接逆变采集控制电路400的第一端，逆变采集控制电路400的第二端可连接于逆变器402和变压器403之间，逆变采集控制电路400的第三端可连接逆变器402。这里，功率调整模块406的第一端可作为逆变采集控制电路400的第一端连接电站采集模块404，逆变采集模块405的一端可作为逆变采集控制电路400的第二端连接于逆变器402和变压器403之间，逆变采集模块405的另一端可连接功率调整模块406的第二端，功率调整模块406的第三端可作为逆变采集控制电路400的第三端连接逆变器402。这里，功率调整模块406的第一端可通过信号确认模块407连接电站采集模块404。这里，功率控制单元4062与逆变器402和调整量确认单元4061的一端相连，调整量确认单元4061的另一端与逆变采集模块405相连，或者调整量确认单元4061的另一端与信号确认模块407相连。这里的调整量确认单元4061可用于基于电站无功功率调整量和逆变无功功率调整量得到输出无功功率调整量，基于电站有功功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量得到输出有功功率调整量，并基于输出无功功率调整量和输出有功功率调整量生成输出功率调整信号。这里的功率控制单元4062可用于通过输出功率调整信号控制逆变器402输出目标输出功率。这里，调整量确认单元4061(例如，比例积分放大电路)可以基于电站无功功率调整量和逆变无功功率调整量得到输出无功功率调整量(也即，逆变器402输出功率的目标无功功率调整量)，还可以基于电站有用功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量得到输出有功功率调整量(也即，逆变器402输出功率的目标有功功率调整量)，并基于输出无功功率调整量和输出有功功率调整量生成输出功率调整信号(例如，脉冲宽度调制信号或其他可以控制逆变器402输出 功率的控制信号)。这里，功率控制单元4062可以通过输出功率调整信号控制逆变器402输出目标输出功率(这里，目标输出功率可以包括目标无功功率和目标有功功率)，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
在一些可行的实施方式中，供电系统中还可包括直流母线，电源501可通过直流母线、逆变器502和变压器503连接电网。这里，直流母线上可包括一个母线电容或者相互串联的多个母线电容，可用于储能。直流母线上可包括母线电容C，逆变器502可将电源501输出并存储至母线电容C两端的电能进行转换，并输出相应的电流和电压以维持电网工作。
请一并参见图7，图7是本申请实施例提供的供电系统的另一结构示意图。在图7所示的供电系统中还可以包括汇流箱508，供电系统中电源501可通过汇流箱508连接逆变器502。可以理解，供电系统中的电源501可连接汇流箱508之后通过汇流箱508直接连接逆变器502，也可通过汇流箱508连接直流母线并通过直流母线连接逆变器502，具体可根据实际应用场景设定，在此不做限制。其中，图7中的电源501、逆变器502、变压器503、逆变采集控制电路500(包括逆变采集模块505、功率调整模块506(包括调整量确认单元5061和功率控制单元5062)、电站采集模块504、逆变采集模块505和信号确认模块507的连接方式和工作原理，与前述图6中的电源401、逆变器402、变压器403、逆变采集控制电路400(包括逆变采集模块405、功率调整模块406(包括调整量确认单元4061和功率控制单元4062)、电站采集模块404、逆变采集模块405和信号确认模块407的连接方式和工作原理相同，此处不再赘述。
参见图8，图8是本申请实施例提供的供电系统的另一结构示意图。如图8所示，供电系统中还可以包括并离网接线装置609，电源601可通过逆变器602、变压器603和并离网接线装置609为电网中的传输线、电力中转站点、蓄电池、通信基站或者家用设备等用电设备或电力传输设备进行供电。其中，图8中的电源601、逆变器602、变压器603、逆变采集控制电路600(包括逆变采集模块605、功率调整模块606(包括调整量确认单元6061和功率控制单元6062)、电站采集模块604、逆变采集模块605、信号确认模块607和汇流箱608的连接方式和工作原理，与前述图7中的电源501、逆变器502、变压器503、逆变采集控制电路500(包括逆变采集模块505、功率调整模块506(包括调整量确认单元5061和功率控制单元5062)、电站采集模块504、逆变采集模块505、信号确认模块507和汇流箱508的连接方式和工作原理相同，此处不再赘述。
在本申请中，供电系统中功能模块的组成方式多样、灵活，可适应不同的供电环境，提高供电系统的应用场景的多样性，增强供电系统的适应性。同时，在上述图1至图8所示的任一供电系统(或者供电系统中连接并网点的电站采集模块和所述供电系统的逆变采集控制电路)中，供电系统(或者供电系统中连接并网点的电站采集模块和所述供电系统的逆变采集控制电路)都可以通过供电系统中的逆变器为非线性负载提供谐波电流，提高并网点电流的正弦度，提高供电系统的电能质量，延长元件使用寿命，降低成本。为方便描述，下面将以图2所示的供电系统的结构对本申请实施例提供的供电系统的供电方法进行示例说明。
请参见图9，图9是本申请提供的并网控制方法的一流程示意图。本申请提供并网控制方法适用于上述图1至图8所示的任一供电系统。如图9所示，本申请提供的并网控制方法包括如下步骤：
S701:电站采集模块获取并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率，并基于并网电压的幅度值和频率得到电站功率调整信号。
S702：逆变采集控制电路获取逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率，并基于输出电压的幅 度值和频率得到逆变功率调整信号，并基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号控制逆变器输出目标输出功率。
在本申请提供的实施方式中，电站采集模块可以获取并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率。这里，并网电压的幅度值和频率与电站功率(也即，供电系统在并网点输出的功率)相关，系统可以基于并网电压的幅度值和频率确定电站功率的调整量，进而得到电站功率调整信号。逆变采集控制电路可以获取逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率。这里，逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率与逆变功率(也即，逆变器输出的功率)相关，逆变采集控制电路可以基于逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率确定逆变功率的调整量，进而得到逆变功率调整信号。由于逆变器的输出端和并网点之间存在其他功能模块或者电能元件(例如，变压器等)，逆变采集控制电路可以基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标调整量，并可以控制逆变器输出目标输出功率。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，系统可以通过电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路采集并网点的并网电压和逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率，并分别确定电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号，进而基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号调整逆变器的输出功率，结构简单，控制方法简便，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
在一些可行的实施方式中，电站功率调整信号可包括电站无功功率调整量和电站有功功率调整量。请参见图10，图10是本申请提供的并网控制方法的另一流程示意图。如图10所示，前述步骤S701中基于并网电压的幅度值和频率得到电站功率调整信号可包括：
S801：电站采集模块基于并网电压的幅度值得到电站无功功率调整量，并基于并网电压的频率得到电站有功功率调整量，并向逆变采集控制电路输出电站无功功率调整量和电站有功功率调整量。
可以理解，在电站采集模块获取并网电压的幅度值和频率之后，由于并网电压的幅度值与电站功率(也即，供电系统在并网点输出的功率)中的无功功率调整量非线性相关，并网电压的频率与电站功率(也即，供电系统在并网点输出的功率)中的有功功率调整量非线性相关，电站采集模块可以分别基于并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率确定电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而将电站无功功率调整量和电站有功功率调整量输出给逆变采集电路。采用本申请提供的实施方式，电站采集模块可以分别基于并网点的并网电压的幅度值和频率确定电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而将电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量作为电站功率调整信号输出给逆变采集电路中的功率调整模块。由此，功率调整模块可以基于电站无功功率调整量和逆变无功功率调整量得到逆变器输出功率的目标无功功率调整量，还可以基于电站有用功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量得到逆变器输出功率的目标有功功率调整量，并可以控制逆变器输出目标输出功率(这里，目标输出功率可以包括目标无功功率和目标有功功率)，结构简单。此外，系统可以分别控制逆变器输出目标无功功率和/或目标有功功率，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
在一些可行的实施方式中，前述步骤S702中逆变采集控制电路获取逆变器输出端的输出电压的幅度值和频率，并基于输出电压的幅度值和频率得到逆变功率调整信号，并基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号控制逆变器的输出功率为目标输出功率，可包括如下步骤：
S802：获取逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率，基于输出电压的幅度值得到逆变无功功率调整量，基于输出电压的频率得到逆变有功功率调整量，并基于逆变无功功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量获得逆变功率调整信号。
S803：基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号生成输出功率调整信号，通过输出功率调整信号控制逆变器的输出功率为目标输出功率。
可以理解，在获取逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率之后，由于逆变器的输出电压的幅度值与逆变功率(也即，逆变器输出的功率)中的无功功率调整量非线性相关，逆变器的输出电压的频率与逆变功率(也即，逆变器输出的功率)中的有功功率调整量非线性相关，逆变采集控制电路可以分别基于逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率确定逆变功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而得到逆变功率调整信号。进一步可以理解，逆变采集控制电路可以基于电站采集模块输出的电站功率调整信号和逆变采集控制电路输出的逆变功率调整信号联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标调整量，并可以控制逆变器输出目标输出功率。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，逆变采集控制电路可以分别基于逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率确定逆变功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而得到逆变功率调整信号，进而可以基于电站采集模块输出的电站功率调整信号和逆变采集控制电路输出的逆变功率调整信号联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标调整量，并可以控制逆变器输出目标输出功率，结构简单。此外，逆变采集控制电路可以分别对逆变器的无功功率和有功功率进行控制，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
在一些可行的实施方式中，逆变无功功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量满足如下公式：
d2Q1(u)/du2<0  (11)
d2P1(f)/df2<0  (12)
这里，Q1(u)为逆变无功功率调整量关于输出电压幅度值的函数，d2Q1(u)/du2为逆变无功功率调整量关于输出电压幅度值的二阶导数，P1(f)为逆变有功功率调整量关于输出电压频率的函数，d2P1(f)/df2为逆变有功功率调整量关于输出电压频率的二阶导数。
可以理解，在具体应用场景中，输出电压幅度值与目标输出电压幅度值的差值越大，对应的逆变无功功率调整量越大，且逆变无功功率调整量与输出电压幅度值并不是简单的线性相关，在输出电压幅度值与目标输出电压幅度值的差值增大时，对应的逆变无功功率调整量的增长速度大于输出电压幅度值与目标输出电压幅度值的差值的增长速度。因此，采用Q1(u)(例如，二次幂函数)作为逆变无功功率调整量关于输出电压幅度值的拟合函数，可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过小导致在输出电压幅度值与目标输出电压幅度值的差值较大时逆变无功功率调整量过小，也可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过大导致在输出电压幅度值与目标输出电压幅度值的差值较小时逆变无功功率调整量过大。
进一步可以理解，在具体应用场景中，输出电压频率与目标输出电压频率的差值越大，对应的逆变有功功率调整量越大，且逆变有功功率调整量与输出电压频率并不是简单地线性相关，在输出电压频率与目标输出电压频率的差值增大时，对应的逆变有功功率调整量的增长速度大于输出电压频率与目标输出电压频率的差值的增长速度。因此，采用P1(f)(例如，二次幂函数)作为逆变有功功率调整量关于输出电压频率的函数，可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过小导致在输出电压频率与目标输出电压频率的差值较大时逆变有功功率调整量过小，也可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过大导致在输出电压频率与目标输出电压频率的差值较小时逆变有功功率调整量过大。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，采用Q1(u)(例如，二次幂函数)作为逆变无功功率调整量关于输出电压幅度值的函数，可以更精确地基于输出电压幅度值得到逆变无功功率调整量，方法简便，提高了控制精度和控制效率。采用P1(f)(例如，二次幂函数)作为逆变有功功率 调整量关于输出电压频率的函数，可以更精确地基于输出电压频率得到逆变有功功率调整量，方法简便，提高了控制精度和控制效率。
在一些可行的实施方式中，电站无功功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量满足如下公式：
d2Q2(u)/du2<0  (13)
d2P2(f)/df2<0  (14)
这里，Q2(u)为电站无功功率调整量关于并网电压幅度值的函数，d2Q2(u)/du2为电站无功功率调整量关于并网电压幅度值的二阶导数，P2(f)为电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的函数，d2P2(f)/df2为电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的二阶导数。
可以理解，在具体应用场景中，并网电压幅度值与目标并网电压幅度值的差值越大，对应的电站无功功率调整量越大，且电站无功功率调整量与并网电压幅度值并不是简单的线性相关，在并网电压幅度值与目标并网电压幅度值的差值增大时，对应的电站无功功率调整量的增长速度大于并网电压幅度值与目标并网电压幅度值的差值的增长速度。因此，采用Q2(u)(例如，二次幂函数)作为电站无功功率调整量关于并网电压幅度值的拟合函数，可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过小导致在并网电压幅度值与目标并网电压幅度值的差值较大时电站无功功率调整量过小，也可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过大导致在并网电压幅度值与目标并网电压幅度值的差值较小时电站无功功率调整量过大。
进一步可以理解，在具体应用场景中，并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值越大，对应的电站有功功率调整量越大，且电站有功功率调整量与并网电压频率并不是简单地线性相关，在并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值增大时，对应的电站有功功率调整量的增长速度大于并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值的增长速度。因此，采用P2(f)(例如，二次幂函数)作为电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的函数，可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过小导致在并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值较大时电站有功功率调整量过小，也可以防止线性拟合时由于线性拟合系数过大导致在并网电压频率与目标并网电压频率的差值较小时电站有功功率调整量过大。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，采用Q2(u)(例如，二次幂函数)作为电站无功功率调整量关于并网电压幅度值的函数，可以更精确地基于并网电压幅度值得到电站无功功率调整量，方法简便，提高了控制精度和控制效率。采用P2(f)(例如，二次幂函数)作为电站有功功率调整量关于并网电压频率的函数，可以更精确地基于并网电压频率得到电站有功功率调整量，方法简便，提高了控制精度和控制效率。
在一些可行的实施方式中，输出无功功率调整量和输出有功功率调整量满足如下公式：
Qout＝Q1+k1(Q2-Q1)  (15)
Pout＝P1+k2(P2-P1)  (16)
这里，Qout为输出无功功率调整量，Q1为逆变无功功率调整量，Q2为电站无功功率调整量，k1为输出无功功率调节系数，Pout为输出有功功率调整量，P1为逆变有功功率调整量，P2为电站有功功率调整量，k2为输出有功功率调节系数。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，系统可以基于电站无功功率调整量Q1和逆变无功功率调整量Q1得到输出无功功率调整量Qout(也即，逆变器输出功率的目标无功功率调整量)，还可以基于电站有用功率调整量P1和逆变有功功率调整量P2得到输出有功功率调整量Pout(也即，逆变器输出功率的目标有功功率调整量)，并基于输出无功功率调整量Qout和输出有功 功率调整量Pout生成输出功率调整信号(例如，脉冲宽度调制信号或其他可以控制逆变器输出功率的控制信号)，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
在一些可行的实施方式中，电站功率调整信号可包括并网电压的幅度值和频率。前述步骤S701中基于并网电压的幅度值和频率得到电站功率调整信号可包括：电站采集模块获取并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率，并向逆变采集控制电路输出并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，系统可以在电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路的通信速度(或频率)受限的场景，或者其他不便于电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路实时通信的场景中，通过逆变采集控制电路向逆变采集控制电路输出并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率，并由逆变采集控制电路基于并网电压的幅度值和频率确认电站功率的调整量，方法简便灵活，适用性高，丰富了系统的适用场景和适用范围。
在一些可行的实施方式中，前述步骤S701中，在向逆变采集控制电路输出并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率之后，方法可包括：
基于并网电压的幅度值得到电站无功功率调整量，基于并网电压的频率得到电站有功功率调整量，输出电站无功功率调整量和电站有功功率调整量。这里，在电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路的通信速度(或频率)受限的场景，或者其他不便于电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路实时通信的场景，或者其他电站采集模块直接将并网电压的幅度值和频率传输给逆变采集控制电路的场景中，逆变采集控制电路可以分别基于并网点的并网电压的幅度值和频率确定电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而将电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量作为电站功率调整信号进行输出。由此，逆变采集控制电路可以基于电站无功功率调整量和逆变无功功率调整量联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标无功功率调整量，还可以基于电站有用功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标有功功率调整量，并可以控制逆变器输出目标输出功率(这里，目标输出功率可以包括目标无功功率和目标有功功率)，结构简单。此外，逆变采集控制电路可以分别控制逆变器输出目标无功功率和/或目标有功功率，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
采用本申请提供的实施方式，在电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路的通信速度(或频率)受限的场景，或者其他不便于电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路实时通信的场景，或者其他电站采集模块直接将并网电压的幅度值和频率传输给逆变采集控制电路的场景中，逆变采集控制电路可以分别基于并网点的并网电压的幅度值和频率确定电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量，进而将电站功率的无功功率调整量和有功功率调整量作为电站功率调整信号进行输出，方法简便灵活，适用性高，丰富了系统的适用场景和适用范围。逆变采集控制电路可以基于电站无功功率调整量和逆变无功功率调整量联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标无功功率调整量，还可以基于电站有用功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量联合得到逆变器输出功率的目标有功功率调整量，并可以控制逆变器输出目标输出功率(这里，目标输出功率可以包括目标无功功率和目标有功功率)，结构简单。此外，逆变采集控制电路可以分别控制逆变器输出目标无功功率和/或目标有功功率，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
在一些可行的实施方式中，前述步骤S702中率调整模块基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号生成输出功率调整信号，通过输出功率调整信号控制逆变器的输出功率为目标输出功率，可包括：基于电站无功功率调整量和逆变无功功率调整量得到输出无功功率调整量，基于电站有功功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量得到输出有功功率调整量，并基于输出无功 功率调整量和输出有功功率调整量生成输出功率调整信号。通过输出功率调整信号控制逆变器输出目标输出功率。
这里，逆变采集控制电路可以基于电站无功功率调整量和逆变无功功率调整量得到输出无功功率调整量(也即，逆变器输出功率的目标无功功率调整量)，还可以基于电站有用功率调整量和逆变有功功率调整量得到输出有功功率调整量(也即，逆变器输出功率的目标有功功率调整量)，并基于输出无功功率调整量和输出有功功率调整量生成输出功率调整信号(例如，脉冲宽度调制信号或其他可以控制逆变器输出功率的控制信号)。这里，逆变采集控制电路可以通过输出功率调整信号控制逆变器输出目标输出功率(这里，目标输出功率可以包括目标无功功率和目标有功功率)，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
在本申请中，系统可以通过电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路采集并网点的并网电压和逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率，并分别确定电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号，进而基于电站功率调整信号和逆变功率调整信号调整逆变器的输出功率，结构简单，控制方法简便，提高控制精度和调节效率，减少控制时间，降低控制成本。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种供电系统，其特征在于，所述供电系统包括电源、逆变器、变压器、电站采集模块和逆变采集控制电路；
    所述电源通过所述逆变器和所述变压器相连，所述变压器与电网连接于并网点，所述电站采集模块的一端连接于所述并网点，所述电站采集模块的另一端连接所述逆变采集控制电路的第一端，所述逆变采集控制电路的第二端连接于所述逆变器和所述变压器之间，所述逆变采集控制电路的第三端连接所述逆变器；
    所述电站采集模块用于获取所述并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率，并基于所述并网电压的幅度值和频率得到电站功率调整信号；
    所述逆变采集控制电路用于获取所述逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率，并基于所述输出电压的幅度值和频率得到逆变功率调整信号，并基于所述电站功率调整信号和所述逆变功率调整信号控制所述逆变器输出目标输出功率。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的供电系统，其特征在于，所述逆变采集控制电路包括逆变采集模块和功率调整模块，所述功率调整模块的第一端作为所述逆变采集控制电路的第一端连接所述电站采集模块，所述逆变采集模块的一端作为所述逆变采集控制电路的第二端连接于所述逆变器和所述变压器之间，所述逆变采集模块的另一端连接所述功率调整模块的第二端，所述功率调整模块的第三端作为所述逆变采集控制电路的第三端连接所述逆变器；
    所述逆变采集模块用于获取所述逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率，基于所述输出电压的幅度值得到逆变无功功率调整量，基于所述输出电压的频率得到逆变有功功率调整量，并基于所述逆变无功功率调整量和所述逆变有功功率调整量获得所述逆变功率调整信号；
    所述功率调整模块用于基于所述电站功率调整信号和所述逆变功率调整信号生成输出功率调整信号，通过所述输出功率调整信号控制所述逆变器输出所述目标输出功率。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的供电系统，其特征在于，所述电站功率调整信号包括电站无功功率调整量和电站有功功率调整量；
    所述电站采集模块还用于基于所述并网电压的幅度值得到电站无功功率调整量，基于所述并网电压的频率得到电站有功功率调整量，并向所述逆变采集控制电路输出所述电站无功功率调整量和所述电站有功功率调整量。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的供电系统，其特征在于，所述电站功率调整信号包括并网电压的幅度值和频率；
    所述电站采集模块还用于获取所述并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率，并向所述逆变采集控制电路输出所述并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的供电系统，其特征在于，所述逆变采集控制电路还包括信号确认模块，所述功率调整模块的第一端通过所述信号确认模块连接所述电站采集模块；
    所述信号确认模块用于基于所述并网电压的幅度值得到电站无功功率调整量，基于所述并网电压的频率得到电站有功功率调整量，向所述功率调整模块输出所述电站无功功率调整量和所述电站有功功率调整量。
  6. 根据权利要求3或5所述的供电系统，其特征在于，所述功率调整模块还包括调整量确认单元和功率控制单元，所述功率控制单元与所述逆变器和所述调整量确认单元的一端相连，所述调整量确认单元的另一端与所述逆变采集模块相连，或者所述调整量确认单元的另一端与所述信号确认模块相连；
    所述调整量确认单元用于基于所述电站无功功率调整量和所述逆变无功功率调整量得到输出无功功率调整量，基于所述电站有功功率调整量和所述逆变有功功率调整量得到输出有功功率调整量，并基于所述输出无功功率调整量和所述输出有功功率调整量生成所述输出功率调整信号；
    所述功率控制单元用于通过所述输出功率调整信号控制所述逆变器输出所述目标输出功率。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的供电系统，其特征在于，所述逆变无功功率调整量和所述逆变有功功率调整量满足：
    d2Q1(u)/du2<0
    d2P1(f)/df2<0
    其中，Q1(u)为所述逆变无功功率调整量关于所述输出电压幅度值的函数，d2Q1(u)/du2为所述逆变无功功率调整量关于所述输出电压幅度值的二阶导数，P1(f)为所述逆变有功功率调整量关于所述输出电压频率的函数，d2P1(f)/df2为所述逆变有功功率调整量关于所述输出电压频率的二阶导数。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的供电系统，其特征在于，所述电站无功功率调整量和所述逆变有功功率调整量满足：
    d2Q2(u)/du2<0
    d2P2(f)/df2<0
    其中，Q2(u)为所述电站无功功率调整量关于所述并网电压幅度值的函数，d2Q2(u)/du2为所述电站无功功率调整量关于所述并网电压幅度值的二阶导数，P2(f)为所述电站有功功率调整量关于所述并网电压频率的函数，d2P2(f)/df2为所述电站有功功率调整量关于所述并网电压频率的二阶导数。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的供电系统，其特征在于，所述输出无功功率调整量和所述输出有功功率调整量满足：
    Qout＝Q1+k1(Q2-Q1)
    Pout＝P1+k2(P2-P1)
    其中，Qout为所述输出无功功率调整量，Q1为所述逆变无功功率调整量，Q2为所述电站无功功率调整量，k1为输出无功功率调节系数，Pout为所述输出有功功率调整量，P1为所述逆变有功功率调整量，P2为所述电站有功功率调整量，k2为输出有功功率调节系数。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的供电系统，其特征在于，所述供电系统还包括汇流箱，所述电 源通过所述汇流箱连接所述逆变器，所述供电系统还包括直流母线，所述电源通过所述汇流箱连接所述直流母线，所述直流母线连接所述逆变器，所述供电系统还包括并离网接线装置，所述变压器通过所述并离网接线装置连接所述电网。
  11. 一种并网控制方法，其特征在于，所述并网控制方法适用于供电系统中连接并网点的电站采集模块和所述供电系统的逆变采集控制电路，所述方法包括：
    所述电站采集模块获取所述并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率，并基于所述并网电压的幅度值和频率得到电站功率调整信号；
    所述逆变采集控制电路获取逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率，并基于所述输出电压的幅度值和频率得到逆变功率调整信号，并基于所述电站功率调整信号和所述逆变功率调整信号控制所述逆变器输出目标输出功率。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的并网控制方法，其特征在于，所述逆变采集控制电路获取所述逆变器输出端的输出电压的幅度值和频率，并基于所述输出电压的幅度值和频率得到逆变功率调整信号，并基于所述电站功率调整信号和所述逆变功率调整信号控制所述逆变器的输出功率为目标输出功率，包括：
    获取所述逆变器的输出电压的幅度值和频率，基于所述输出电压的幅度值得到逆变无功功率调整量，基于所述输出电压的频率得到逆变有功功率调整量，并基于所述逆变无功功率调整量和所述逆变有功功率调整量获得所述逆变功率调整信号；
    基于所述电站功率调整信号和所述逆变功率调整信号生成输出功率调整信号，通过所述输出功率调整信号控制所述逆变器的输出功率为所述目标输出功率。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的并网控制方法，其特征在于，所述电站功率调整信号包括电站无功功率调整量和电站有功功率调整量，所述基于所述并网电压的幅度值和频率得到电站功率调整信号包括：
    所述电站采集模块基于所述并网电压的幅度值得到电站无功功率调整量，并基于所述并网电压的频率得到电站有功功率调整量，并向所述逆变采集控制电路输出所述电站无功功率调整量和所述电站有功功率调整量。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的并网控制方法，其特征在于，所述电站功率调整信号包括并网电压的幅度值和频率，所述基于所述并网电压的幅度值和频率得到电站功率调整信号包括：
    所述电站采集模块获取所述并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率，并向所述逆变采集控制电路输出所述并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的并网控制方法，其特征在于，在向所述逆变采集控制电路输出所述并网点处的并网电压的幅度值和频率之后，所述方法包括：
    基于所述并网电压的幅度值得到电站无功功率调整量，基于所述并网电压的频率得到电站有功功率调整量，输出所述电站无功功率调整量和所述电站有功功率调整量。
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