WO2024037590A1 - 光源装置和内窥镜系统 - Google Patents

光源装置和内窥镜系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024037590A1
WO2024037590A1 PCT/CN2023/113538 CN2023113538W WO2024037590A1 WO 2024037590 A1 WO2024037590 A1 WO 2024037590A1 CN 2023113538 W CN2023113538 W CN 2023113538W WO 2024037590 A1 WO2024037590 A1 WO 2024037590A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
light source
combining element
module
source device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
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PCT/CN2023/113538
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
童毅
刘娟娟
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Changzhou United Imaging Healthcare Surgical Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Changzhou United Imaging Healthcare Surgical Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202210989189.6A external-priority patent/CN115227188A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202210989280.8A external-priority patent/CN115200703B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202210988103.8A external-priority patent/CN115227187A/zh
Application filed by Changzhou United Imaging Healthcare Surgical Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Changzhou United Imaging Healthcare Surgical Technology Co Ltd
Priority to EP23854489.4A priority Critical patent/EP4555915A4/en
Publication of WO2024037590A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024037590A1/zh
Priority to US19/055,485 priority patent/US20250185902A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/0638—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements providing two or more wavelengths
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/0646—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements with illumination filters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/0655—Control therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/0661—Endoscope light sources
    • A61B1/0669—Endoscope light sources at proximal end of an endoscope
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
    • G01J3/0208—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using focussing or collimating elements, e.g. lenses or mirrors; performing aberration correction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/10—Arrangements of light sources specially adapted for spectrometry or colorimetry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
    • G02B23/2407—Optical details
    • G02B23/2461—Illumination
    • G02B23/2469—Illumination using optical fibres
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/00105—Constructional details of the endoscope body characterised by modular construction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/063—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements for monochromatic or narrow-band illumination
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/0661—Endoscope light sources
    • A61B1/0684—Endoscope light sources using light emitting diodes [LED]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/07—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/10—Arrangements of light sources specially adapted for spectrometry or colorimetry
    • G01J2003/102—Plural sources
    • G01J2003/104—Monochromatic plural sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/10—Arrangements of light sources specially adapted for spectrometry or colorimetry
    • G01J2003/102—Plural sources
    • G01J2003/106—Plural sources the two sources being alternating or selectable, e.g. in two ranges or line:continuum
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/10—Arrangements of light sources specially adapted for spectrometry or colorimetry
    • G01J3/108—Arrangements of light sources specially adapted for spectrometry or colorimetry for measurement in the infrared range

Definitions

  • This specification relates to the technical field of endoscopes, and in particular to light source devices and endoscope systems.
  • the light source device in the existing endoscope system generally uses multiple light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to combine the light to respectively output ordinary light observation mode or special light (for example, narrow-band or short-wave band special light). ) observation mode and other corresponding beams.
  • LEDs light-emitting diodes
  • special light for example, narrow-band or short-wave band special light
  • the special light observation mode due to the narrow bandwidth of the narrow band, the luminous flux of the special light is limited; furthermore, the transmittance of the short-wavelength light transmitted by the light guide module in the endoscope system is lower than that of the long-wavelength
  • the transmittance of light in the wavelength band is also prone to insufficient luminous flux of short-wavelength beams in endoscope illumination.
  • the luminous flux of white light and special light will affect the diagnostic results of the endoscope system. For example, when observing at medium and long distances, the insufficient luminous flux of the special light will limit the identification of living tissue, making it impossible to determine whether lesions have occurred in the living tissue. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a light source device in an endoscope system and a corresponding endoscope system that have sufficient luminous flux of special light and are easy to assemble and adjust.
  • the light source device includes a first light combining module and at least two light sources.
  • the light source device is connected to a light guide module.
  • the at least two light sources include a first light combining module.
  • a light source and at least one second light source, the first light combining module includes a first light combining element, wherein the first light combining element is disposed between the light guide module and the first light source, The first light combining element is used to transmit the first light beam to form the first transmitted light, the first light beam is related to the first light source; the first light combining element is also used to combine at least one third light emitted by the at least one second light source.
  • the two light beams form a first reflected light, and the first reflected light and the first transmitted light are combined to form a synthetic light, so that the light guide module transmits the synthetic light to the tissue under test; and
  • the first beam belongs to a narrowband spectrum or a shortwave spectrum range.
  • One or more embodiments of this specification provide an endoscope system, which includes a light guide module, a lighting module, a camera module, a processing module, a display module, and the light source device;
  • the light source device is used to transmit the synthetic light to the lighting module through the light guide module;
  • the lighting module is used to diffuse the synthetic light transmitted to the lighting module to the receiver.
  • the camera module is used to obtain an image of the tested tissue;
  • the processing module is used to perform signal processing on the image to obtain a signal-processed image;
  • the display module is used to Show the image after the signal processing.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary endoscopic system according to some embodiments of the present specification
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of exemplary spectral curves of various light sources according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 6 is a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary first light combining element according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 7 is a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary second light combining element according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 8 is a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary second light combining element according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 10 is a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary second light combining element according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 11 is a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary second light combining element according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device shown in some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 15A is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 15B is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 15C is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 15D is a schematic diagram of the coating of the first optical surface of an exemplary third dichroic mirror according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • 15E is a schematic diagram of the positions of an exemplary first photosensor and a second photosensor according to some embodiments of this specification;
  • 15F is a schematic diagram of the position of an exemplary background light detector relative to the first photosensor and the second photosensor according to some embodiments of the present specification;
  • Figure 15G is a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary third dichroic mirror according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 19A is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 19B is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 19C is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 19D is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 19E is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 19F is a spectrum curve diagram of the first optical surface of the dichroic mirror according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of exemplary spectral curves of various light sources according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 21 is a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary third light combining element according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of exemplary spectral curves of various light sources according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 24 is a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary fourth light combining element according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 25 is a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary fifth light combining element according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 26 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 27 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of exemplary spectral curves of various light sources according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 29 is a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary light combining element 264 according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • Figure 30 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • system means of distinguishing between different components, elements, parts, portions or assemblies at different levels.
  • said words may be replaced by other expressions if they serve the same purpose.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and shall not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features.
  • plurality means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically limited.
  • connection can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. or integrated into one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interactive relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specified limited.
  • connection can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. or integrated into one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interactive relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specified limited.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary endoscopic system 10 according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the endoscope system 10 may include a light source device 100 , an illumination module 200 , a camera module 300 , a processing module 400 , a control module 500 , an input module 600 , a display module 700 and a light guide module 800 .
  • the endoscope system 10 shown in FIG. 1 can be applied in the medical field.
  • the light source device 100 is used to provide corresponding lighting for internal observation, and is widely used in the discovery, diagnosis, and treatment of lesions.
  • the light source device 100 can provide ordinary white light to observe the overall surface properties of living tissue. According to the absorption, reflection and scattering characteristics of mucous membranes and blood vessels, high-contrast enhanced images of different observation objects can be obtained.
  • the light source device 100 can provide blue narrow-band light and/or green narrow-band light to enhance the contrast between capillaries on the surface of the mucosa and thick blood vessels deep in the mucosa to facilitate lesion screening.
  • light source device 100 is used to provide illumination for endoscopic system 10 .
  • the light source device 100 may include at least two light sources and a synthesis component that synthesizes the light emitted by the at least two light sources.
  • the light source device 100 may include a first light source 101 , at least one second light source 102 and a first light combining module 103 .
  • the first light combining module 103 is used to combine the light emitted by the first light source 101 and at least one second light source 102 to form combined light.
  • the light source device 100 may further include a heat dissipation module 210 for dissipating heat from the light source device 100 so that the light source device 100 operates within a reasonable temperature range.
  • the heat dissipation module 210 may be used to cool down the light source device 100 .
  • the heat dissipation module 210 can circulate air or generate cold air, and use the air or cold air to exchange heat with other structures for cooling.
  • the light source device 100 may further include a photoelectric sensor for detecting the luminous flux of each light source under a preset driving current.
  • the processing module 400 can obtain the detection signal of the luminous flux of each light source, and adjust the driving current (and/or driving voltage) of each light source according to the difference between the detection signal and the preset detection signal.
  • the preset detection signal is to calibrate the detection signal of the photoelectric sensor, the corresponding relationship between the different driving currents, detection signals and luminous flux of multiple (for example, N light sources, numbered 11-1N) light sources can be established.
  • N light sources for example, N light sources, numbered 11-1N
  • each light source 11-1N will split the light beam and incident it on the photoelectric sensor.
  • the photoelectric sensor will detect the corresponding current of each light source.
  • the luminous flux ⁇ 1 ⁇ N of each photoelectric sensor under the driving current is converted into the detection signal L1 ⁇ LN.
  • the relationship curve among the three is obtained, thereby completing the calibration, and storing the calibration results (for example, in the processing module 400).
  • feedback control of the output luminous flux of each light source can be accurately implemented based on the calibration results.
  • the control module 500 can increase the driving current corresponding to the light source; if the actual detection signal of a certain light source is larger than the preset detection signal, the control module 500 can reduce the driving current of the light source.
  • the driving current corresponding to the light source is small.
  • the stability of the hue of the synthetic light of the light source device 100 has a significant impact on the observation of diseased tissue, the brightness of the synthetic light has an important impact on the intensity of the image signal, that is, the clarity of the output image.
  • the real-time signal detection of the photoelectric sensor combined with the calibration results, it can accurately To achieve feedback control of the light output of each light source, thereby maintaining the stability of the hue of the illumination light and the stability of the luminous flux, and providing the illumination light required by the camera module 300.
  • the light guide module 800 is connected to the light source device 100 and the lighting module 200 respectively, and is used to transmit the synthetic light provided by the light source device 100 to the lighting module 200 .
  • the illumination module 200 is used to diffuse the synthetic light provided by the light source device 100 onto a target object (for example, a tested tissue of the human body), so as to diagnose or treat the target object.
  • the lighting module 200 may include a lighting lens that diffuses the light provided by the light source device 100 to a target object.
  • the lighting module 200 may include a concave lens, and the concave lens may be used to diffuse the light beam.
  • the light guide module 800 may include optical fibers.
  • the camera module 300 is used to acquire images of the target object and then transmit them to the processing module 400 .
  • the processing module 400 is used to perform signal processing on the image acquired by the camera module 300 to obtain a signal-processed image, and transmit the processed image to the display module 700 .
  • the display module 700 is used to display images processed by the processing module 400 .
  • the input module 600 is used to obtain input instructions for controlling the light source device 100 .
  • the input instruction may include a working instruction for any one of a normal white light mode, a special light mode, and a mixed light mode.
  • the “ordinary white light mode” in this specification refers to controlling the proportion of each light source component in the light source device 100 to output illumination light of white light tone, and acquiring images of living tissues through the endoscope system 10;
  • special mode "Light mode” refers to including at least one special light source, such as a purple light source, a blue light source, a green light source, etc. According to the different incident depths of different wavelengths in living tissues, that is, the longer the wavelength, the deeper the incident depth in living tissues.
  • the endoscope system 10 realizes an image that takes into account the overall contour of the living tissue and the emphasized observation of blood vessels.
  • the light source device 100 is connected to the first end of the control module 500, the second end of the control module 500 is connected to the input module 600, the third end of the control module 500 is connected to the first end of the processing module 400, and the processing The second end of the module 400 is connected to the camera module 300 .
  • the control module 500 may be used to control the light pattern of the synthesized light emitted by the light source device 100 according to the light pattern in the input instruction. For example, when the input command received by the input module 600 is any one of a normal white light mode, a special light mode, and a mixed light mode, the control module 500 controls the synthetic light emitted by the light source device 100 based on the light mode in the input command. mode to complete switching between multiple lighting modes such as ordinary white light mode, mixed light mode or special light mode.
  • control module 500 can also adjust the driving current (or voltage) of each light source in the light source device 100, adjust the change in the output luminous flux of each light source, or change the current pulse duty cycle (Pulse Width Modulation, PWM) by adjusting luminous flux; or control the working status of the light source device 100 and the camera module 300 .
  • driving current or voltage
  • PWM Pulse Width Modulation
  • the output luminous flux ratio of each light source is controlled according to the preset luminous flux ratio to achieve the corresponding lighting light mode; the output luminous flux size of each light source is adjusted overall according to the brightness level of the imaging of the camera module 300; the output illumination is achieved by arranging a photoelectric sensor in the light source device 100 Real-time feedback control of each light source component in the light maintains the stability of the illumination light tone and luminous flux, provides the illumination light required by the camera module 300, and also simplifies the light quantity control strategy.
  • the input instructions may also include starting cooling and stopping cooling. After the input module 400 obtains the input instruction to start cooling, the control module 500 can control the heat dissipation module 210 to start. After the input module 400 obtains the input instruction to stop cooling, the control module 500 can control the heat dissipation module 210 to close.
  • the input instructions may also include automatic control information generated by the processing module 600. After the processing module 600 generates the automatic control information, the processing module 600 sends the automatic control information to the control module 500, and the control module 500 can perform corresponding control functions according to the automatic control information.
  • the automatic control information may at least include one or more of control information for automatically controlling the working mode of the first light combining module 103, control information for automatically controlling the driving current, and control information for automatically controlling the heat dissipation module 210.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary light source device 100 according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary light source device 100 according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the light source device 100 may include at least two light sources (for example, the at least two light sources include a first light source 101 and at least one second light source 102 ) and a first light combining module 103 .
  • the light guide module 800 is connected to the light source device 100 and is used to output the synthesized light generated by the light source device 100 .
  • the at least two light sources may include a first light source 101 and a second light source 102 .
  • the first light source 101, at least one second light source 102, and the first light combining module 103 can be detachably provided in the same module to form a modular light source device 100, which can be replaced, assembled and disassembled as needed. Different first light sources 101, at least one second light source 102 or first light combining module 103.
  • the light guide module 800 may be detachably connected to the light source device 100 .
  • At least two light sources in the light source device 100 may be used to provide illumination for the endoscopic system.
  • the two light sources may include a first light source 101 and at least one second light source 102 .
  • Each of the first light source 101 and at least two second light sources 102 emits light in different frequency ranges.
  • the first light source 101 may include a narrowband light source or a short-wavelength light source.
  • the "narrowband light source” here can refer to the light source with a bandwidth less than 50nm; correspondingly, the “narrowband” refers to the band with a bandwidth less than 50nm, and the band greater than 50nm can be called "wide band".
  • Short-wavelength light source refers to the part close to the short-wavelength band in the commonly used lighting spectrum range of 370nm-780nm.
  • short-wavelength light sources can refer to light sources with wavelengths in the range of 370nm-460nm.
  • short-wavelength light sources may refer to light sources with wavelengths in the range of 400nm-610nm.
  • short-wavelength light sources may refer to light sources with wavelengths in the range of 380nm-500nm.
  • the peak wavelength of the first light source 101 is in the range of 370nm-650nm.
  • the first light source 101 may include a violet light source with a peak wavelength in the range of 370nm-430nm, a blue light source with a peak wavelength in the range of 430nm-460nm (for example, a narrow-band blue light source), and a green light with a peak wavelength in the range of 510nm-560nm.
  • Light source for example, narrow-band green light source
  • amber light source with peak wavelength in the range of 590nm-610nm for example, narrow-band amber light source
  • red light source with peak wavelength in the range of 620nm-650nm for example, narrow-band red light source
  • the second light source 102 serves as a complementary light source to the first light source, and is combined with the first light source to output illumination light required by the endoscope, such as white light with a color temperature and color rendering index matching a xenon lamp.
  • the second light source 102 may be a broadband light source or a narrowband light source, or a combination of broadband and narrowband light sources.
  • the broadband light source here refers to a light source with a bandwidth greater than 50 nm, relative to a narrow-band light source.
  • the first light source 101 may be a purple light source
  • the second light source 102 may be a white light source.
  • the light source may be a solid light source.
  • the light source can be LED (Light Emitting Diode) or LD (Light Emitting Diode), or a fluorescent light source using LED or LD as the excitation light source, such as green fluorescent LED or LD.
  • the emitted light of the first light source 101 may belong to a narrowband spectral range.
  • the first light source 101 may be a purple light source with a bandwidth of less than or equal to 20 nm.
  • the emitted light of the first light source 101 may not belong to the narrow-band spectrum range itself, but may be filtered by a light filter, thereby obtaining a narrow-band spectrum.
  • the first light source 101 may be a green light source with a bandwidth of about 100 nm, which is narrow-band filtered to a narrow-band green light of less than or equal to 50 nm.
  • the bandwidth of the light beam emitted by the narrowband light source is greater than the bandwidth of the light source required by the endoscope system, the light beam emitted by the narrowband light source can be narrowed to obtain the bandwidth required by the endoscope system.
  • a filter can be set between the narrowband light source and the first light combining module 103 for narrowband filtering to obtain the light source required by the endoscope system.
  • the filter can be controlled by a cut-in and cut-out structure. , realizing two bandwidth outputs of broadband light and narrowband light.
  • the first light combining module 103 can be used to integrate at least two light beams generated by at least two light sources and then output combined light.
  • the first light combining module 103 may include one or more light combining elements.
  • the one or more light combining elements may be disposed between the light guide module 800 and at least two light sources.
  • the first light combining module 103 may include light combining elements for reflecting light beams in part of the waveband and transmitting light beams of another waveband.
  • the light combining elements may be arranged and combined at different positions to control the beam. path.
  • one or more light combining elements may include a dichroic mirror (eg, a long-wave pass dichroic mirror, a short-wave pass dichroic mirror, or a band-pass dichroic mirror), a light combining prism, or the like.
  • the first light combining module 103 may include at least one light combining element. As shown in FIG. 2 , the first light combining module 103 may include a first light combining element 201 . As shown in FIG. 3 , the first light combining module 103 may include a first light combining element 201 and a second light combining element 202 .
  • the first light source 101 includes a narrowband light source or a short-wavelength light source.
  • the first light source 101 in order to increase the luminous flux of the narrowband light source or the short-wavelength light source, the reflected light path of the narrowband light source or the short-wavelength light source can be reduced; at the same time, in order to make the internal components of the light source device 100 easy to assemble and adjust, the first light source 101 (i.e., The light source emitted by the narrowband light source or short-wavelength light source is directly transmitted.
  • the first light combining element 201 may be disposed between the light guide module 800 and the first light source 101 to transmit the first light beam to form the first transmitted light. .
  • the first beam belongs to the narrowband spectral or short-band spectral range.
  • the first light beam is associated with the first light source 101 .
  • “the first light beam is related to the first light source 101” means that the first light beam is related to the emitted light of the first light source 101.
  • the first light beam may be the light directly emitted by the first light source 101 , that is, the first light beam belongs to a narrowband spectrum or a short-wavelength spectrum range.
  • the first light beam when the first light source 101 has a broadband spectrum, the first light beam may be a narrow-band spectrum or a short-wavelength spectrum formed by narrow-band filtering of the light emitted by the first light source 101 .
  • the first light beam can be directly transmitted through the first light combining element 201 without reflection in the light path, and transmitted through the light guide module 800 to the tissue under test. Therefore, the optical transmission efficiency of the first light source 101 It is not easily affected by assembly accuracy, thereby achieving higher optical efficiency, solving the problem of insufficient light quantity in the first beam due to the narrow-band characteristics, or attenuation of the transmittance of the short-wavelength light transmitted by the light guide module, and improving the second The luminous flux of a beam of light.
  • the first light combining element 201 is also used to form at least one second beam emitted by the at least one second light source 102 into first reflected light, and convert the at least one second light beam emitted by the at least one second light source 102 into the first reflected light.
  • the first reflected light and the first transmitted light are combined to form synthetic light, so that the light guide module 800 transmits the synthetic light to the tissue under test.
  • the first light combining element 201 is used to reflect the second light beam emitted by the second light source 102 to form a first reflected light ( as shown in picture 2).
  • the second light combining element 202 is used to combine the plurality of second light beams emitted by the plurality of second light sources 102 After the light is combined first, it is reflected by the first light combining element 201 to form the first reflected light (as shown in Figures 4, 9, 12-19 and 22).
  • the first light combining module 103 may include a first light combining element 201 and at least one second light combining element 202 .
  • the first light combining module 103 may include at least N-1 second light combining elements 202 .
  • each second light combining element 202 is used to reflect and/or transmit the second light beam emitted by each of the second light sources 102 and then combine the light in sequence, so that it is incident on the first light combining element 201 for reflection. of the first incident light.
  • the first light combining module 103 includes Two second light combining elements 202 (as shown in Figure 4, the second light combining element 2021 and the second light combining element 2022).
  • the second light combining element 2021 is used to transmit and reflect the light beams emitted by the second light source 1021 and the second light source 1022 respectively, and then combine the light.
  • the second light combining element 2022 is used to combine the second light combining element 2021.
  • the first light combining module 103 may include only one second light combining element 202 .
  • the first light combining module 103 may include a first light combining element 201 and a second light combining element 202 .
  • the second light combining element 202 is disposed between the first light combining element 201 and the second light source 102.
  • the second light combining element reflects the second light beam emitted by the second light source 102 and then enters the first light combining element 201. .
  • the first light combining element 201 combines the second light beam and the first light beam of the second light source 102 to form a combined light, which is transmitted to the light guide module 800 .
  • the first light combining module 103 may also include only the first light combining element 201 and not the second light combining element.
  • the first light combining module 103 may include only one first light combining element 102 for combining the first light source 101 and the second light source. The light beams emitted by 102 are transmitted and reflected respectively and then combined.
  • the light source device 100 of the plurality of second light combining elements 202 please refer to the relevant descriptions of FIG. 4, FIG. 9, FIG. 12-19 and FIG. 22 of this specification.
  • the peak wavelength of at least one second light source 102 is longer than the peak wavelength of the violet light source, and the first light combining element 201 is a short-wave pass diode.
  • Chromatic mirror when the first light source 101 is a red light source emitting a narrow-band spectrum, the peak wavelength of at least one second light source 102 is shorter than the peak wavelength of the red light source, and the first light combining element is a long-wavelength pass. Dichroic mirror. Compared with the bandpass dichroic mirror, the long-wave pass dichroic mirror or the short-wave pass dichroic mirror has fewer coating layers and requires a shorter coating time.
  • the coating process of the dichroic mirror in the first light combining module 103 is simple and the production cost is low.
  • long-wave pass dichroic mirrors or short-wave pass dichroic mirrors are used to achieve short-wave or long-wave cutoff, so as to achieve the synthetic light spectrum from various light sources (for example, The color spectra of the first light source 101 and at least one second light source 102) are independent of each other, which facilitates simplifying the control strategy of spectrum and luminous flux, and better realizes the control of illumination light tone and luminous flux stability.
  • the peak wavelengths of the N second light sources 102 are all shorter than the peak wavelength of the violet light source. longer.
  • the peak wavelength of the second light beam emitted by the second light source 102 reflected by the second light combining element 202 is longer than the peak wavelength of the second light beam emitted by the second light source 102 transmitted by the second light combining element 202 , the light combining is completed at the second light combining element 202.
  • the second light combining element 202 is a short-wave pass dichroic mirror.
  • the peak wavelengths of the N second light sources 102 are all shorter than that of the red light source.
  • the peak wavelength is shorter.
  • the peak wavelength of the second light beam emitted by the second light source 102 reflected by the second light combining element 202 is shorter than the peak wavelength of the second light beam emitted by the second light source 102 transmitted by the second light combining element 202 , the light combining is completed at the second light combining element 202.
  • the second light combining element 202 is a long-wave pass dichroic mirror.
  • the first light combining element 201 or the at least one first The dual light element 202 can be a long-wave pass dichroic mirror, a short-wave pass dichroic mirror or a band-pass dichroic mirror.
  • the placement angle of each light combining element can be set to save assembly space, achieve assembly processability and achieve structural integrity at the same time.
  • the first included angle between each of the at least one second light combining element 202 and the first light combining element 201 may be smaller than the first preset angle. It should be understood that in this specification, the angle between two light combining elements refers to the acute angle or right angle formed by the planes where the light combining surfaces of the two light combining elements are located.
  • the first included angle between each second light combining element 202 and the first light combining element 201 is two dichroic mirrors.
  • the first included angle between each second light combining element 202 and the first light combining element 201 is two combined
  • the first preset angle may be 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, etc.
  • the first included angle between each second light combining element 202 and the first light combining element 201 in the at least one second light combining element 202 can be smaller than the first preset angle, so that each light combining element is spatially parallel to each other. Or tend to be parallel, so mutual interference in the assembly space can be avoided, and the assembly process can be realized while the structure can be compacted.
  • the second angle between the first light combining element 201 and the optical axis where the first light combining element 201 is located is greater than or equal to the second preset angle and less than or equal to the third preset angle.
  • the third included angle between each of the at least one second light combining element 202 and the optical axis of the second light combining element 202 is greater than or equal to the fourth preset angle. And less than or equal to the fifth preset angle. It should be understood that in this specification, the angle between the light combining element and the optical axis refers to the acute angle between the light combining surface of the light combining element and the optical axis where the light combining element is located. As shown in FIG.
  • the second included angle between the first light combining element 201 and the optical axis where the first light combining element 201 is located is the included angle a.
  • the third included angle between the optical axes where the optical element 202 is located is the included angle b.
  • the second preset angle, the third preset angle, the fourth preset angle and/or the fifth preset angle may be 30°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 60°, etc.
  • the second preset angle, the third preset angle, the fourth preset angle and the fifth preset angle may be four arbitrary different angles.
  • the second preset angle may be 30°
  • the third preset angle may be 50°
  • the fourth preset angle may be 40°
  • the fifth preset angle may be 50°.
  • the second preset angle and the fourth preset angle may be the same.
  • the second preset angle and the fourth preset angle may both be 40°.
  • the third preset angle and the fifth preset angle may be the same.
  • the third preset angle and the fifth preset angle may both be 50°.
  • the first light combining element 201 and/or at least one second light combining element 202 can also be used to combine the first light beam or the second light beam emitted by the corresponding first light source 101 or/and the second light source 102. While combining the light, perform long-wave cut-off filtering, short-wave cut-off filtering or narrow-band filtering.
  • the dichroic mirror in the first light combining element 201 and/or at least one second light combining element 202 can not only have a light combining function, but can also perform long-wave cutoff filtering, short-wave cutoff filtering or Narrowband filtering thus simplifies the endoscopic system 10 and reduces cost.
  • the corresponding first light combining element 201 or the second light combining element 202 can emit blue in the light to the blue light source.
  • the band is cut off at long wavelengths.
  • the wavelength range of the transition zone of the dichroic mirror in the first light combining element 201 or the second light combining element 202 can be 450 nm-470 nm, and the dichroic mirror can cut off wavelengths greater than 460 nm in the spectrum in the blue band.
  • the blue light source is a B-LED that can emit blue band B light and has a peak wavelength of 430 nm to 460 nm.
  • its peak wavelength can be 430nm ⁇ 450nm
  • its wavelength range can be a narrow band
  • its bandwidth is about 20nm or 30nm.
  • the first light source 101 or/and the second light source 102 includes a green light source (for example, the green light source excites a phosphor by a blue LED to emit green light, the emission spectrum of the green light source includes a green band spectrum and a blue (Color excitation light), the first combined light element
  • the dichroic mirror in the component 201 or the second light combining element 202 can short-wave cut off the blue excitation light in the light emitted by the green light source, and the dichroic mirror can cut off the wavelength of the green light source whose spectrum is less than 460 nm.
  • the green light source includes a blue LED that excites a phosphor to emit green light, that is, a fluorescent G_LED.
  • the blue LED has a blue excitation light with a peak wavelength of 410 to 440 nm, and is generated by the blue excitation light exciting the fluorescent material. Green light, a small amount of blue excitation light is not absorbed by the fluorescent substance and is directly transmitted. That is, the fluorescent G_LED emission spectrum not only contains the green band spectrum, but also contains a small amount of blue excitation light. Compared with the LED itself that emits green, the fluorescent green LED Easier to achieve high output optical power.
  • the dichroic mirror in the corresponding first light combining element 201 or the second light combining element 202 can perform long-wavelength analysis of the purple wavelength band. Cutoff or narrowband filtering.
  • a dichroic mirror can cut off long-wavelength bands with wavelengths higher than 410nm in the purple band, or a dichroic mirror can perform narrow-band filtering of ⁇ 10nm centered on the wavelength of 405nm in the purple band.
  • the first light source 101 or/and the second light source 102 includes a UV_LED that emits UV light in the purple to blue region.
  • the dichroic mirror has a transition zone wavelength of about 400nm-420nm, and can cut off the UV_LED's spectrum greater than The 410nm wavelength component cuts off and filters the long wavelength of the UV_LED spectrum.
  • a dichroic mirror has a bandpass characteristic of 405 ⁇ 10nm, and performs narrow-band filtering of ⁇ 10nm on the UV_LED spectrum centered at 405nm to eliminate individual differences in LEDs (such as peak wavelength deviations of LEDs in different batches), and better
  • the illumination spectrum is limited to the high absorption band of hemoglobin to increase the contrast between surface blood vessels and mucosa.
  • the optical path of the first light source 101 and/or at least one second light source 102 can be designed.
  • only one light combining element i.e., the first light combining element 201
  • the first light combining element 201 may be included between the first light source 101 and the light guide module 800 in order to compensate for the insufficient amount of light in the narrow-band spectrum due to narrow-band filtering, or the guided light beam is in the short-wavelength band.
  • the attenuation of the transmittance achieves sufficient brightness of a specific spectrum when observing the endoscope system 10 at close and medium and long distances, so that the image has a higher contrast during the subsequent imaging process.
  • the first light source 101 i.e., a narrow-band light source or a short-wave band
  • the light path distance between the light source and the light entrance of the light guide module 800 may be less than or equal to the light path distance between each of the at least one second light source 102 and the light entrance.
  • the optical path distance between the light source and the light entrance refers to the total length of the path traveled by the light beam emitted by the light source when it reaches the light entrance.
  • the optical path distance L1 between the first light source 101 (ie, narrowband light source or short-wavelength light source) and the light entrance of the light guide module 800 may be smaller than the distance between the second light source 102 and the light entrance.
  • the optical path distance between them (L2+L3).
  • the optical path distance L1 between the first light source 101 (ie, narrowband light source or short-wavelength light source) and the light entrance of the light guide module 800 may be smaller than the distance L1 between the second light source 102 and the light entrance.
  • the optical path distance between them (L2+L3+L4). Setting the optical path distance between the first light source 101 and the light entrance of the light guide module 800 to the shortest optical path distance can make the optical transmission efficiency of the first light source 101 high, further increase the luminous flux of the first beam, and be easy to install and adjust. , achieving higher optical efficiency from both the installation and design aspects.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device 100 according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • the light source device 100 may include a first light source 101 , three second light sources 102 and a first light combining module 103 .
  • the light guide module 800 is connected to the light source device 100 and is used to output the synthesized light generated by the light source device 100 .
  • the three second light sources 102 may include a light source 1021, a light source 1022 and a light source 1023.
  • the first light combining module 103 includes a first light combining element 201 and at least one second light combining element 202 .
  • at least one second light combining element 202 may include a light combining element 2021 and a light combining element 2022 .
  • the first light beam associated with the first light source 101 is transmitted through the first light combining element 201 to form the first transmitted light.
  • the second light beam emitted by the light source 1021 of the second light source 102 is transmitted through the second light combining element 202 (that is, transmitted through the light combining element 2021) and reflected (that is, reflected by the light combining element 2022) and is emitted by the light source 1022 of the second light source 102
  • the second light beam is transmitted through the second light combining element 202 (that is, transmitted through the light combining element 2022) to form the first reflected light.
  • the first light combining element 201 combines the first reflected light and the first transmitted light to form combined light.
  • the synthesized light can enter the light guide module 800 and be transmitted to the tissue under test.
  • the first light source 101 includes a narrowband light source or a short-wavelength light source.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of exemplary spectral curves of each light source according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • L1, L2, L3 and L4 represent the spectral curves of the first light source 101, light source 1021, light source 1022 and light source 1023 respectively.
  • the first light source 101 can be a UV_LED that emits UV light in the purple to blue region.
  • the light source 1021, the light source 1022, and the light source 1023 are respectively a blue light source B-LED that emits blue band B light, and a green band G light.
  • the first light source 101 can be a UV-LED with a peak wavelength of 405nm-415nm, and its wavelength range is a narrow band, and the bandwidth is in the range of 15nm-25nm. Inside. For example, the bandwidth is about 20nm. According to the characteristics of high scattering and strong absorption of UV-LED, it is used to depict the morphology of blood vessels near the surface or superficial layer.
  • the light source 1021 (blue light source) in the second light source 102 may have a peak wavelength of 430 nm-460 nm.
  • the peak wavelength of the light source 1021 (blue light source) may be 430nm-450nm.
  • the difference in reflectivity between surface blood vessels and mucosa forms a distinction between the two in the observed image.
  • the light source 1021 is placed in a narrow wavelength range, preferably within a range of 15nm-25nm.
  • the bandwidth of light source 1021 is approximately 20 nm.
  • the light emitted by UV_LED or B_LED may not meet the bandwidth requirements.
  • a narrow-band filter can be set in its collimated optical path to meet the bandwidth requirements.
  • the light source 1022 may have a peak wavelength of 510 nm to 560 nm, and its bandwidth may be broadband.
  • the bandwidth of light source 1022 may be in the range of 90nm-110nm.
  • the bandwidth of light source 1022 may be approximately 100 nm.
  • the light source 1022 may be a phosphor excited by a blue LED to emit green light, that is, a fluorescent G_LED.
  • the blue LED has blue excitation light with a peak wavelength between 410nm and 440nm. The blue excitation light excites the fluorescent material to produce green light.
  • the 1022 luminescence spectrum also contains a small amount of blue excitation light. Compared with LEDs that emit green light, fluorescent green LEDs are easier to achieve high output optical power.
  • the light source 1023 may have a peak wavelength of 610 nm-640 nm, and its wavelength range may be a narrow band.
  • the bandwidth of light source 1023 may be in the range of 15nm-25nm.
  • the bandwidth of light source 1023 may be approximately 20 nm.
  • Figure 6 is a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary first light combining element according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the first light combining element 201 as a dichroic mirror as an example, the first light combining element 201 shown in Figure 6 has a short wave pass characteristic with a transition zone wavelength of approximately 410nm-430nm, and can reflect the light source 1021, the light source 1022 and the light source The spectral components of the light beam 1023 are higher than 420 nm and transmit the first light source 101 lower than 420 nm.
  • FIG. 7 is a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary second light combining element (light combining element 2021) according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the 7-light combining element 2021 shown in Figure 7 has a short-wave pass characteristic with a transition zone wavelength of approximately 460nm-480nm, and can reflect the light source 1022 Spectral components above 470 nm in the beam of the transmitted light source 1021 and below 470 nm in the beam of the transmitted light source 1021 .
  • the light combining element 2022 shown in Figure 8 has a long wave pass characteristic with a transition zone wavelength of approximately 590nm-610nm, and can reflect the light source 1021 and Spectral components below 600 nm in the light beam of light source 1022 and above 600 nm in the transmitted light beam of light source 1023.
  • the light combining element 2021 transmits the light beam emitted by the transmission light source 1021 and the reflected light source.
  • the light beam emitted by 1022 obtains the combined light beam A1; the light combining element 2022 transmits the light beam emitted by the light source 1023 and reflects the combined light beam A1 to obtain the combined light beam A2; the first light combining element 201 transmits the light beam emitted by the first light source 101 and reflects the combined light
  • the light beam A2 forms a synthetic light including the output spectral components of the first light source 101 and the light sources 1021, 1022, and 1023, so that the light guide module 800 transmits the synthetic light to the tissue under test.
  • each light source finally obtains mutually independent spectral components through the first light combining element 201 and each second light combining element.
  • They are the purple spectrum less than or equal to 410nm, the blue spectrum greater than 410nm and less than 470nm, the green spectrum greater than 470nm but less than 600nm, and the red spectrum greater than 600nm.
  • the above-mentioned light source 101 (purple light source), light source 1021 (blue light source), light source 1022 (green light source) and light source 1023 (red light source) can be mixed in a specific ratio to output ordinary white light illumination that meets the needs. Can be used to generate contour images of superficial mucosa.
  • special light illumination with the spectrum of the first light source 101 (violet light source) or the light source 1021 (blue light source) as the main spectrum can be used to emphasize the observation of superficial and middle blood vessels.
  • the overall contour of the surface tissue and blood vessels can be obtained. Images that emphasize observation.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 9 , compared with the light source device shown in FIG. 4 , the overall length of the light source device 100 is reduced in the horizontal direction and increased in the vertical direction. The length of the light source device 100 in this specification refers to the maximum distance between two components of the light source device 100 in the corresponding direction.
  • the light source device 100 may include a first light source 101 , three second light sources 102 and a first light combining module 103 .
  • the light guide module 800 is connected to the light source device 100 and is used to output the synthesized light generated by the light source device 100 .
  • the three second light sources 102 may include a light source 1021, a light source 1022 and a light source 1023.
  • the first light combining module 103 includes a first light combining element 201 and at least one second light combining element 202 .
  • at least one second light combining element 202 may include a light combining element 2023 and a light combining element 2024 .
  • the first light beam associated with the first light source 101 is transmitted through the first light combining element 201 to form the first transmitted light.
  • the second light beam emitted by the light source 1021 of the second light source 102 is reflected by the second light combining element 202 (that is, reflected by the light combining element 2024).
  • the second light beam emitted by the light source 1022 of the second light source 102 passes through the second light combining element 202
  • the first light beam is formed. reflected light.
  • the first light combining element 201 combines the first reflected light and the first transmitted light to form combined light.
  • the synthesized light can enter the light guide module 800 and be transmitted to the tissue under test.
  • the first light source 101 includes a narrowband light source or a short-wavelength light source.
  • the light source 1021 is a blue light source
  • the light source 1023 is a red light source
  • the light source 1022 is a green light source
  • the first light source 101 is a purple light source.
  • the optical axes of the light source 1021 (blue light source) and the light source 1023 (red light source) are parallel to the optical axis of the output light, and the optical axis of the light source 1022 (green light source) is perpendicular to the optical axis of the output light.
  • Figure 10 is a transmittance spectrum of an exemplary second light combining element (light combining element 2023) shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present application. picture.
  • the light combining element 2023 can have short-wave pass characteristics with a transition zone wavelength of about 590nm-610nm, and can transmit spectral components less than 600nm in the light beam of the light source 1022 (green light source).
  • the spectral component of the light beam of the reflected light source 1023 (red light source) is greater than 600 nm.
  • FIG 11 is a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary second light combining element (light combining element 2024) shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present application.
  • the light combining element 2024 has a long wave pass characteristic with a transition zone wavelength of about 460nm-480nm, and can transmit the light beams of the light source 1022 (green light source) and the light source 1023 (red light source).
  • the spectral components in the light beam are greater than 470 nm, and the spectral components in the light beam of the reflected light source 1021 (blue light source) are less than 470 nm.
  • the first light combining element 201 has a short-wave pass characteristic with a transition zone wavelength of approximately 410 nm to 430 nm.
  • the first light combining element 201 reflects the light beams higher than 420 nm from the light sources 1021 (blue light source), light source 1022 (green light source) and light source 1023 (red light source) and transmits the spectral components of the first light source 101 lower than 420 nm.
  • each light source finally obtains mutually independent spectral components through the first light combining element 201, the light combining element 2023 and the second light combining element 2024 of the second light combining element 202, respectively.
  • the violet light spectrum is less than or equal to 420nm
  • the blue light spectrum is greater than 420nm and less than 470nm
  • the green light spectrum is greater than 470nm but less than 600nm
  • the red light spectrum is greater than 600nm.
  • the optical axis of the first light source 101 is coaxial with the optical axis of the output light of the light guide module 800 . Since the first light source 101 is a narrow-band light source or a short-wave light source, the coaxial arrangement of the optical axis of the first light source 101 and the optical axis of the output light of the light guide module 800 can open up the optical path space and set the optical filter to realize the first light source 101 Observation of narrow band light or short wave light.
  • the optical axes of the light source 1021 and the light source 1023 in the second light source 102 are parallel to the optical axis of the output light of the light guide module 800 , so that the optical axis of the light source 1021 or/and the light source 1023 can be adjusted.
  • An optical filter is provided in the direction of the optical axis to narrow-band filter the second light beam emitted by the light source 1021 or/and the light source 1023 to achieve narrow-band light observation of the light source 1021 or/and the light source 1023.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the difference between the light source device 100 shown in FIG. 12 and the light source device 100 shown in FIG. 9 is that the light combining module further includes one or more collimating lenses 203 .
  • one of the one or more collimating lenses 203 may be disposed between the first light source 101 and the first light combining element 201 for converting the first light beam into a parallel light beam or an approximately parallel light beam. to the first light combining element 201.
  • one of the one or more collimating lenses 203 may be disposed on the second light source 102 (eg, the light source 1021, the light source 1022, or the light source 1023) and the corresponding second light combining element 202 (eg, between the light combining element 2023 or the light combining element 2024) for changing the second light beam into a parallel light beam or a nearly parallel light beam to be incident on the second light combining element 202.
  • a collimating lens 203 can be disposed between the light source 1021 and the corresponding second light combining element 202, that is, the light combining element 2024.
  • a collimating lens 203 can be disposed between the light source 1022 and the corresponding second light combining element 202, that is, the light combining element 2023.
  • a collimating lens 203 can be disposed between the light source 1023 and the corresponding second light combining element 202, that is, the light combining element 2023.
  • the parallel light beams or approximately parallel light beams in this specification may be light beams in which the individual light rays are parallel or approximately parallel to each other (for example, the angle between the light rays is within the range of 5°).
  • a collimating lens 203 can be provided between the first light source 101 and the first light combining element 201 to change the first light beam into a parallel light beam and incident on it.
  • the first light combining element 201 is provided with a collimating lens 203 between each second light source 102 and the corresponding second light combining element 202 to change the second light beam into a parallel light beam and incident on the second light combining element 202.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device shown in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the difference between the light source device 100 shown in FIG. 13 and the light source device 100 shown in FIG. 12 is that the light source device 100 further includes one or more light guide components 209 .
  • one of the one or more light guide components 209 may be disposed between the first light source 101 and the first light combining element 201 for transmitting the first light beam to the first light combining element 201 .
  • one of the one or more light guide components 209 may be disposed between the second light source 102 (eg, the light source 1021, the light source 1022, or the light source 1023) and the corresponding second light combining element 202 (eg, between the light combining element 2023 or the light combining element 2024) for transmitting the second light beam to the second light combining element 202.
  • one of the one or more light guide components 209 may be disposed between the first light combining element 201 and the light guide module 800 for transmitting the combined light to the light guide module 800 . 800.
  • the light combining element "corresponding to the light source” refers to the light combining element through which the light emitted by the light source first passes.
  • the corresponding second light combining element 202 of the light source 1021 refers to the light combining element 2021;
  • the corresponding second light combining element 202 of the light source 1022 refers to the light combining element 2021;
  • the corresponding second light combining element 202 of the light source 1023 refers to the light combining element 2021.
  • the light guide component 209 may be a light guide composed of multiple optical fibers, a light guide rod, or a combination of a light guide and a light guide rod.
  • the light entrance surface size of the light guide rod may be greater than or equal to the light exit surface size.
  • the light guide rod can be a tapered light guide rod.
  • a light guide component 209 is provided between the first light source 101 and the first light combining element 201 and between the second light source 102 and the corresponding second light combining element 202 .
  • the light guide component 209 may be disposed between the first light source 101 and the collimating lens 203 and/or the second light source 102 (eg, the light source 1021 , the light source 1022 or the light source 1023 ) and the corresponding collimating lens.
  • the first light source 101 or the second light source 102 is a laser light source
  • the light guide component 209 is a tapered light guide rod, which amplifies the divergence angle of the laser light source.
  • the light guide component 209 can also be disposed between the first light combining element 201 and the light guide module 800 for transmitting the combined light to the light guide module 800 .
  • the light guide component 209 can be disposed between the focusing lens 207 and the light guide module 800, so that the non-uniformly distributed light beam incident on the light guide component 209 can be evened out to obtain uniformly distributed outgoing light. Enter the light guide module 800.
  • the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 can be changed from a fixed position to any other optimized spatial position according to the free bending characteristics of the light guide beam (light guide fiber), so as to facilitate the first light source 101 and the second light source 101.
  • the second light source 102 obtains better heat dissipation effect; further, on the one hand, the light guide rod or the tapered light guide rod has a uniform light effect; on the other hand, the tapered light guide rod changes the luminous area and luminous angle of the light beam,
  • the light emitted by the first light source is output to the subsequent first light combining element 201 with higher optical efficiency, or the combined light output by the first light combining element 201 is incident on the subsequent light guide module 800 with higher optical efficiency; or
  • the light guide component 209 combines a light guide (light guide fiber) or a light guide rod to achieve both effects.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the light combining module further includes a first optical filter 205 and/or one or more second optical filters 206 .
  • the first filter 205 can be disposed between the first light source 101 and the first light combining element 201 for transmitting the first target wavelength band in the first light beam (or the emitted light of the first light source). Beam.
  • the first optical filter 205 may be disposed between the collimating lens 203 and the first light combining element 201 .
  • one of the one or more second filters 206 may be disposed between the second light source 102 (eg, the light source 1021, the light source 1022, or the light source 1023) and the corresponding second light combining element 202 (
  • the second filter 206 can be disposed on the second collimating lens 203 corresponding to the second light source 102 (for example, the light source 1021, the light source 1022 or the light source 1023) and the corresponding second light combining element 202 (for example, the light combining element 2021 or light combining element 2022).
  • the light source device 100 may further include a filter cut-in and cut-out module.
  • the filter cut-in and cut-out module includes a filter and is used to realize the conversion of filter cut-in and cut-out modes.
  • the cut-in mode of the filter means that the light is emitted after passing through the filter
  • the cut-out mode of the filter means that the light is emitted directly without passing through the filter.
  • the bandwidth of the light output at the filter position is different. For example, in the filter cut-in mode, the light output at the filter position is narrow-band filtered light; in the filter cut-out mode, the light output at the filter position is light without narrow-band filtering. .
  • the wavelength range of the first filter 205 disposed between the first light source 101 (violet light source) and the first light combining element 201 can be a narrowband filter with a bandwidth of about 20 nm, to obtain the first
  • the target band is 390nm-410nm, which is used to describe the morphology of blood vessels near the surface or superficial layer.
  • the second light source 102 (blue light source) may have a peak wavelength of 430 nm to 460 nm. Therefore, a narrowband bandwidth of approximately 20 nm is provided between the second light source 102 (blue light source) and the second light combining element 202
  • the second filter 206 obtains the second target wavelength band 430nm-450nm, and forms a distinction between the superficial blood vessels and the mucous membrane in the observation image through the difference in reflectance between the two.
  • the specific settings of the first target band and/or the second target band are set according to actual requirements for observing the tissue being tested.
  • the second light source 102 (green light source) preferably has a peak wavelength of 510 nm-560 nm, and its bandwidth may be selected as a broadband in the range of 90 nm-110 nm.
  • the bandwidth of the second light source 102 (green light source) is approximately 100 nm.
  • the second light source 102 (green light source) is a light source that excites a phosphor by a blue LED and emits green light.
  • a blue LED has blue excitation light with a peak wavelength between 410nm and 440nm. The blue excitation light excites the fluorescent material to produce green light.
  • a small amount of the blue excitation light is not absorbed by the fluorescent material and is directly transmitted, that is, the second light source 102 ( In addition to the green band spectrum, the luminescence spectrum of green light source also contains a small amount of blue excitation light. Compared with LEDs that emit green light, fluorescent green LEDs are easier to achieve high output optical power.
  • the light combining module further includes a focusing lens 207 .
  • the focusing lens 207 may be disposed between the first light combining element 201 and the light guide module 800 to focus the combined light to obtain a focused beam coupled into the light guide module 800 .
  • the focusing lens 207 converges the synthetic light to form a focused beam with a certain aperture angle at the light outlet, and the focused beam is coupled into the light guide module 800 .
  • FIG. 15A is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the difference between the light source device 100 shown in FIG. 15A and the light source device 100 shown in FIG. 14 is that the light source device 100 further includes at least one luminous flux measurement module 208 .
  • each luminous flux measurement module 208 may include a beam splitter 2081 and a photoelectric sensor 2082 corresponding to the beam splitter 2081.
  • the beam splitter 2081 can be disposed between the first light source 101 and the first light combining element 201 to split and reflect the first beam to obtain a third beam. The third beam is incident on the beam splitter.
  • the mirror 2081 corresponds to the photoelectric sensor 2082.
  • the beam splitter 2081 may be disposed on each second light source 102 (for example, the light source 1021, the light source 1022 or the light source 1023) and the second light combining element 202 (for example, the light combining element 202) corresponding to each second light source 102. between the optical element 2021 or the light combining element 2022) for splitting and reflecting the second beam to obtain a fourth beam, which is incident on the photoelectric sensor 2082 corresponding to the beam splitter 2081.
  • the photoelectric sensor 2082 is used to detect the luminous flux of the third light beam and/or the fourth light beam incident on the photoelectric sensor 2082 .
  • the beam splitter 2081 is disposed between the first light source 101 and the first light combining element 201 and forms a certain angle with the optical axis. If there are other components between the first light source 101 and the first light combining element 201, such as a collimating lens 203, The first optical filter 205 and so on, the beam splitter 2081 can be disposed between the first optical filter 205 and the first light combining element 201 to split the first beam to obtain a third beam, and the third beam is incident on The photoelectric sensor 2082 corresponding to the beam splitter 2081 detects the third light beam incident on the photosensitive surface of the photoelectric sensor 2082 to obtain the detected light amount of the third light beam.
  • setting up at least one luminous flux measurement module can be combined with the control unit to realize real-time feedback control of the output luminous flux of each light source, and combined with a long-wave pass dichroic mirror or a short-wave pass dichroic mirror, the output spectrum of each color is independent of each other.
  • a filter is set in the light path of the luminous flux measurement to cut off the non-effective output spectrum part, so as to achieve a measurement spectrum that is consistent or similar to the output spectrum of each light source in the output light.
  • the included angle between the reflective surface of the beam splitter 2081 and the optical axis may be 50° to 70°.
  • the beam splitter 2081 and the corresponding first light combining element 201 may tend to be parallel.
  • the angle between the beam splitter 2081 and the corresponding first light combining element 201 or the second light combining element 202 is It can be smaller than the sixth preset angle.
  • the sixth preset angle may be 15°.
  • the angle between the first light combining element 201 and the optical axis can be 45°
  • the angle between the beam splitter 2081 and the optical axis can be 60°
  • the two angles are 15°, matching the spatial arrangement of the photoelectric sensor 2082 to obtain the optimal
  • the space layout further improves the assembly process and compact structure. It should be noted that when the beam splitter 2081 performs beam splitting processing, the light splitting ratio of the beam splitter 2081 is ⁇ 10%. On the one hand, a sufficient amount of detection light is obtained, and on the other hand, the effective illumination that enters the subsequent light path for integration is avoided too much. amount of light, resulting in a reduction in luminous flux.
  • the specific location of the beam splitter 2081 disposed between the second light source 102 and the corresponding second light combining element 202 can be found in the beam splitting between the first light source 101 and the first light combining element 201
  • the mirror 2081 is configured to split and reflect the second beam to obtain a fourth beam.
  • the fourth beam is incident on the photoelectric sensor 2082 corresponding to the beam splitter 2081 .
  • Photoelectric sensor 2082 is used to obtain the detected light amount of the fourth light beam.
  • the beam splitter 2081 can also be replaced by a beam splitter or other optical element with beam splitting characteristics.
  • the photoelectric sensor 2082 can be a photodiode (Photo-Diode, PD), or can be replaced by other types of light flux measurement modules, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 15B is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 15C is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the light source device 100 shown in FIGS. 15B and 15C has the same optical path and optical components as the light source device 100 shown in FIG. 14 , except that it does not include a filter. It should be understood that the optical devices shown in the figures are only examples and do not limit the optical devices included in the light source device.
  • the light source device may include a combination of various optical devices in different figures. As shown in FIG. 15B and FIG.
  • the light combining element 2021 and the light combining element 2021 among the first light combining element 201 and the second light combining element 202 are respectively a first dichroic mirror, a second dichroic mirror and a third Dichroic mirror.
  • the emitted light from the light source 1021 in the second light source 102 is split through the second optical surface 2021A on the third dichroic mirror and then enters the first photoelectric sensor 81 .
  • the emitted light from the light source 1023 in the second light source 102 is split through the second optical surface 2022B on the second dichroic mirror and then enters the third photoelectric sensor 83 .
  • the emitted light from the first light source 101 is split through the second optical surface 201A on the first dichroic mirror and then enters the fourth photoelectric sensor 84 .
  • the emitted light from the light source 1022 in the second light source 102 can enter the second photosensor 82 after being transmitted through the first optical surface 2021B on the third dichroic mirror.
  • the emitted light of the light source 1023 in the second light source 102 can also be transmitted through the first optical surface 2022A on the second dichroic mirror, and then transmitted through the first optical surface 201B on the first dichroic mirror to obtain a detection beam. Enter the corresponding third photoelectric sensor 83 for measurement.
  • the first photoelectric sensor 81 , the second photoelectric sensor 82 , the third photoelectric sensor 83 and the fourth photoelectric sensor 84 are photodiodes (Photo-Diode, PD), and can also be replaced by other types of luminous flux measurement modules.
  • the light source 1021 in the second light source 102 is a UV_LED that emits UV light in the purple to blue range
  • the light source 1022 in the second light source 102 is a B_LED that emits blue band B light
  • the light source 1023 is a G_LED of green wavelength G light
  • the first light source 101 is an R_LED of red wavelength R light.
  • UV_LED according to the characteristics of hemoglobin's strong absorption of the 405nm ⁇ 415nm band spectrum, preferably has a peak wavelength of 405nm ⁇ 415nm. Its wavelength range is preferably a narrow band with a bandwidth of about 20nm.
  • B_LED preferably has a peak wavelength of 430nm to 460nm, and further, its peak wavelength is preferably 430nm to 450nm.
  • the difference in reflectivity between surface blood vessels and mucosa forms two layers on the observation image.
  • G_LED preferably has a peak wavelength of 510nm to 560nm, and its bandwidth can be selected as broadband, such as a bandwidth of about 100nm, and G_LED is a fluorescent LED
  • R_LED It preferably has a peak wavelength of 600nm to 640nm, and its wavelength range is preferably a narrow band with a bandwidth of about 20nm.
  • the light source 1023 in the second light source 102 is a blue LED that excites a phosphor to emit green light, that is, a fluorescent G_LED, where the blue LED has a blue excitation light with a peak wavelength of 410 nm to 440 nm, as shown in
  • the blue excitation light excites the fluorescent material to produce green light, and a small amount of the blue excitation light is not absorbed by the fluorescent material but is directly transmitted. Therefore, the emission spectrum of the light source 1023 in the second light source 102 includes not only the green band spectrum, but also a small amount of blue excitation light. Compared with LEDs that emit green light, fluorescent green LEDs are easier to achieve high output optical power.
  • the first optical surface 2022A on the second dichroic mirror implements cut-off filtering of the short-wavelength blue laser light in the G_LED emitted light, preventing the blue excitation light from entering the subsequent light path, and the output illumination light of the G_LED
  • the spectral bands of the B_LED components almost do not overlap with each other.
  • the spectral curves of the light source 1021 in the second light source 102, the light source 1022 in the second light source 102, the light source 1023 in the second light source 102, and the first light source 101 are as shown in Figure 5, and the spectrum L1 corresponds to UV_LED Ultraviolet light spectrum, spectrum L2 corresponds to the B_LED blue light spectrum, spectrum L3 corresponds to the mixed light spectrum of G_LED blue excitation light and (fluorescent) green light, and spectrum L4 corresponds to the R_LED red light spectrum.
  • the first optical surface 2021B on the third dichroic mirror has short-wave pass characteristics with a transition zone wavelength of approximately 410nm-430nm, and is used to transmit UV_LED light below 420nm and reflect B_LED light above 420nm. , complete the optical path integration of the purple light emitted by UV_LED and the blue light emitted by B_LED.
  • the first optical surface 2022A on the second dichroic mirror has a long wave pass characteristic with a transition zone wavelength of approximately 460nm-480nm, which is used to reflect UV_LED and B_LED below 470nm and transmit G_LED above 470nm light completes the optical path integration of the purple light emitted by UV_LED, the blue light emitted by B_LED and the green light emitted by G_LED.
  • the first optical surface 201B on the first dichroic mirror has a long wave pass characteristic with a transition zone wavelength of about 590nm-610nm, which is used to reflect UV_LED, B_LED and G_LED below 600nm and transmit R_LED above 600nm light, completes the optical path integration of the purple light emitted by UV_LED, the blue light emitted by B_LED, the green light emitted by G_LED and the red light emitted by R_LED, and then outputs synthetic light.
  • UV_LED performs spectral separation from B_LED through the long-wave cutoff of the first optical surface 2021B on the third dichroic mirror to achieve an independent spectrum B1 ( ⁇ 420nm); B_LED passes through the third dichroic mirror.
  • the short-wavelength cutoff of the first optical surface 2021B and the long-wavelength cutoff of the first optical surface 2022A on the second dichroic mirror perform spectral separation to achieve an independent spectrum B2 (420 ⁇ 470nm);
  • G_LED passes through the second dichroic mirror.
  • the short-wavelength cutoff of the first optical surface 2022A and the long-wavelength cutoff of the first optical surface 201B on the first dichroic mirror perform spectral separation to achieve an independent spectrum B3 (470 ⁇ 600nm); R_LED passes through the third dichroic mirror.
  • the short-wave cutoff (600nm) of the first optical surface 2021B performs spectral separation to achieve an independent spectrum B4 ( ⁇ 600nm); among them, the short-wave cutoff and the long-wave cutoff in this application are relative to the specific light-emitting wavelength band, and each LED emits light.
  • the shortwave end and the longwave end of the band are relative to the specific light-emitting wavelength band, and each LED emits light.
  • the first dichroic mirror, the second dichroic mirror and the third dichroic mirror in this application realize the optical path integration of the purple light emitted by UV_LED, the blue light emitted by B_LED, the green light emitted by G_LED and the red light emitted by R_LED. While finally outputting the synthesized light, it can realize the mutually independent spectrum B1 ⁇ B4 of the UV_LED, B_LED, G_LED and R_LED component spectral curves.
  • the UV_LED, B_LED, G_LED and R_LED component spectra of the illumination light output in this application The wavelength bands almost do not overlap with each other.
  • a first optical region R1 and a third optical region R1 are provided on the first optical surface of at least one of the first dichroic mirror, the second dichroic mirror and the third dichroic mirror.
  • Two optical zones R2. The following is a description of the third dichroic mirror:
  • Figure 15D is a schematic diagram of the coating of the first optical surface of the exemplary third dichroic mirror according to some embodiments of the present application;
  • Figure 15E is a schematic diagram of the coating on the first optical surface of the exemplary third dichroic mirror according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • 15F is a schematic diagram of the position of an exemplary background light detector relative to the first and second photosensors according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the first optical zone R1 occupies greater than or equal to 90% of the area of the first optical surface 2021B, and the second optical zone R2 occupies less than or equal to 10% of the area of the first optical surface 2021B.
  • the second optical zone R2 is used to transmit the emitted light of the corresponding light source, so that the emitted light enters the corresponding luminous flux measurement module.
  • the first optical surface 2021B on the third dichroic mirror has partitioned coating characteristics.
  • the present application provides a first optical zone R1 and a second optical zone R2 on the first optical surface 2021B of the third dichroic mirror, and the first optical zone R1 and the second optical zone R2 have different coating characteristics.
  • the first optical zone R1 occupies no less than or equal to 90% of the area of the first optical surface 2021B
  • the second optical zone R2 occupies no more than or equal to 10% of the area of the first optical surface 2021B.
  • the first optical zone R1 is used to transmit the light beam with a wavelength below 420 nm on the light source 1021 in the second light source 102 and reflect the light beam with a wavelength greater than 420 nm on the light source 1022 in the second light source 102 to form synthetic light;
  • the second optical zone R2 is used for The emitted light of the light source 1022 in the second light source 102 is transmitted, so that the emitted light enters the second photosensor 82 .
  • the first optical zone R1 has a dichroic filter film, and the second optical zone R2 is not coated.
  • the second optical region R2 is provided with a beam splitting film that mainly transmits the blue light emitted by the B_LED.
  • an anti-reflection film with anti-reflection properties is provided on the second optical area R2, thereby enabling the B_LED emitted light to be transmissively split into the corresponding second photosensor 82 through the second optical area R2.
  • the second optical area R2 may be square or circular.
  • the size and shape of the second optical area R2 should be designed to match the size of the photosensitive surface of the second photosensor 82 . That is, the transmission of B_LED emitted light through the second optical zone R2 The emitted light beam enters the photosensitive surface of the second photoelectric sensor 82 as detection light, and the size of the detection light is greater than or approximately equal to the size of the photosensitive surface of the second photoelectric sensor 82 .
  • the second optical zone R2 when the second optical zone R2 is not coated, according to the Fresnel reflection characteristics of the optical material, if BK7 optical glass is used as the base material of the third dichroic mirror, the second optical zone R2 has a value close to With a light transmittance of 90%, the transmittance splitting of the B_LED emitted light can be achieved, which has the characteristics of simplifying the process.
  • the photosensitive surface of the luminous flux measurement module corresponding to the light transmitted through the second optical zone R2 is facing the direction of the detection optical axis of the dichroic mirror transmitted through the second optical zone.
  • the direction of the light transmitted from the second optical region R2 to the photosensitive surface of the second photosensor 82 is facing the light source 1022 in the second light source 102 through the dichroic mirror 2021 of the second optical
  • the emitted light of the light source 1022 in the second light source 102 is transmitted through the second optical zone R2 of the first optical surface 2021B on the third dichroic mirror.
  • the detection beam directly irradiates the photosensitive surface of the second photoelectric sensor 82, so that the second photoelectric sensor 82 can optimally receive the corresponding detection light.
  • the size of the light beam transmitted through the second optical area R2 to the corresponding luminous flux measurement module is larger than the size of the photosensitive surface, and the detection light beam of the light source 1022 in the second light source 102 completely covers the second photoelectric sensor 82 The photosensitive side.
  • the light source 1022 in the second light source 102 that is, the B_LED emits light through the second optical area R2 and transmits it to the second photoelectric sensor 82.
  • the size of the light beam is larger than that of the second photoelectric sensor 82. surface size.
  • the detection light incident on the second photoelectric sensor 82 by the B_LED leaves a certain margin to cover the photosensitive surface of the second photoelectric sensor 82, thereby making the second photoelectric sensor 82 insensitive to the installation position, ensuring system reliability and controlling production. cost.
  • the photosensitive surface of the luminous flux measurement module corresponding to the light reflected by the second optical surface is arranged perpendicularly to the direction of the detection optical axis of the dichroic mirror reflected by the second optical surface.
  • the light in the vertical direction reflected by the light source 1021 in the second light source 102 through the second optical surface 2021A on the third dichroic mirror is the direction of the detection optical axis.
  • the light in the vertical direction reflected by the second optical surface 2021A on the third dichroic mirror is perpendicular to the photosensitive surface of the corresponding first photoelectric sensor 81; the photosensitive surface of the third photoelectric sensor 83 is perpendicular to the corresponding second photosensitive surface.
  • the detection optical axis reflected by the second optical surface 2022B on the dichroic mirror is perpendicular; the photosensitive surface on the fourth photoelectric sensor 84 is perpendicular to the detection optical axis reflected by the corresponding second optical surface 201A on the first dichroic mirror.
  • the photosensitive surfaces of the first photoelectric sensor 81 , the third photoelectric sensor 83 and the fourth photoelectric sensor 84 correspond to the second optical surface 2021A on the third dichroic mirror and the second optical surface 2021A on the second dichroic mirror.
  • 2022B and the detection optical axis reflected by the second optical surface 201A on the first dichroic mirror are arranged vertically, so that the first photoelectric sensor 81, the third photoelectric sensor 83 and the fourth photoelectric sensor 84 can optimally receive the corresponding Detect light.
  • the size of the light beam reflected by the second optical surface to the corresponding photosensitive surface of the luminous flux measurement module is much smaller than the size of the detection light beam on the corresponding light source.
  • the size of the photosensitive surface on the first photosensor 81 is much smaller than the beam size of the detected light on the light source 1021 in the second light source 102
  • the size of the photosensitive surface on the third photosensor 83 is much smaller than the light source on the second light source 102
  • the beam size of the detected light on the fourth photoelectric sensor 84 is much smaller than the beam size of the detected light on the first light source 101 .
  • the size of the detection light beam reflected by the light source 1021 in the second light source 102, the light source 1022 in the second light source 102, the light source 1023 in the second light source 102, and the first light source 101 through the corresponding second optical surface is much larger than that of the corresponding second optical surface.
  • the size of the photosensitive surface of the first photoelectric sensor 81, the second photoelectric sensor 82, the third photoelectric sensor 83 and the fourth photoelectric sensor 84 can make the luminous flux measurement module insensitive to the installation position and improve the reliability of the overall device. , while reducing production costs.
  • the first photosensor 81 for receiving the reflected light from the second optical surface performs an appropriate amount of The spatial position is shifted to avoid the space where the second photoelectric sensor 82 for receiving the transmission of the first optical surface is located.
  • the first photoelectric sensor 81 and the second photoelectric sensor 82 are shifted up and down or left and right in the detection optical path space.
  • the diameter of the circle shown in the figure is the beam diameter of the detection optical axis.
  • the detection beam is a beam that is approximately collimated and reflected by the second optical surface of the dichroic mirror.
  • the first photoelectric sensor 81 and the The two photoelectric sensors 82 are arranged side by side up and down or left and right to optimally receive the detection light from the light source 1021 in the second light source 102 and the light source 1022 in the second light source 102. After the first photoelectric sensor 81 is offset, it still meets the requirements of the second light source 102. The detection beam of the light source 1022 completely covers the photosensitive surface on the second photoelectric sensor 82. At this time, the received light flux is not less than 90% of the original light flux.
  • the light source device 100 may include only one dichroic mirror, or may include multiple dichroic mirrors.
  • beam splitting films are respectively provided on the second optical surfaces of the multiple dichroic mirrors.
  • the beam splitting films are used to split the emitted light of the corresponding light source.
  • Each splitting film is used to split the emitted light of the corresponding light source.
  • the beam film is used to split the emitted light of different wavelengths, and the beam splitting wavelength range of the beam splitting film is determined by the wavelength of the emitted light.
  • the second optical surface 201A on the first dichroic mirror, the second optical surface 2022B on the second dichroic mirror, and the second optical surface 2021A on the third dichroic mirror all have light splitting capabilities. Characteristics, through the beam splitting characteristics of supplemented by reflective characteristics and dominated by transmission characteristics, that is, reflecting a small amount of light and transmitting most of the light, reflective light splitting is achieved. When the reflective light splitting is irradiated into the corresponding photoelectric sensor, the corresponding LED can be realized Detection of luminous flux.
  • the second optical surface 2021A on the third dichroic mirror has a third dichroic film.
  • Figure 15G is a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary third dichroic mirror shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the third dichroic film can The purple light emitted by UV_LED has a partial reflection characteristic of less than or equal to 10% low reflection and a transmission characteristic of greater than or equal to 90% high transmission;
  • the second optical surface 2022B on the second dichroic mirror has a second dichroic film, which can reflect G_LED
  • the green light emitted has a partial reflection characteristic of less than or equal to 10% low reflection and a transmission characteristic of greater than or equal to 90% high transmission;
  • the second optical surface 201A on the first dichroic mirror has a third dichroic film, which can be used for R_LED
  • the emitted red light has a partial reflection characteristic of low reflection of less than or equal to 10% and a transmission characteristic of high transmission of greater than or equal to 90%.
  • the second optical surface 2021A on the third dichroic mirror, the second optical surface 2022B on the second dichroic mirror and the second optical surface 201A on the first dichroic mirror of this application can reflect less than or equal to 10% of The amount of light, or the amount of light that reflects less than or equal to 5%, according to the photosensitive characteristics of the photoelectric sensors 81-84, the device can ensure that the detection light amount is maintained at an appropriate level without sacrificing too much effective illumination light.
  • the same beam splitting film is provided on the second optical surface of the multiple dichroic mirrors, and the same beam splitting film is used to split the beam from the second optical surface.
  • the beam splitting wavelength range of the same beam splitting film can cover the wavelength range of the emitted light of different wavelengths.
  • the second optical surface 201A on the first dichroic mirror, the second optical surface 2022B on the second dichroic mirror, and the second optical surface 2021A on the third dichroic mirror are all provided with the same optical surface.
  • the optical film can be a wide-band beam splitting film, and at the same time, the optical film covers at least the wide band (370nm ⁇ 650nm) of the above-mentioned UV_LED, G_LED and R_LED emitted light bands, and has consistent performance within the wide band range of 370nm ⁇ 650nm. It has good partial reflection characteristics of less than or equal to 10% low reflection and transmission characteristics of greater than or equal to 90% high transmission.
  • the same optical film is used in the embodiments of this application, which simplifies the process and reduces the system cost.
  • the luminous flux measurement module further includes an aperture diaphragm.
  • opening apertures are provided at the front ends of the first photosensor 81 , the second photosensor 82 , the third photosensor 83 and the fourth photosensor 84 .
  • the amount of detection light incident on the first photoelectric sensor 81 , the second photoelectric sensor 82 , the third photoelectric sensor 83 and the fourth photoelectric sensor 84 can be adjusted by limiting the size of the aperture diaphragm to achieve detection sensitivity and the maximum detection saturation light amount. balance to achieve high dynamic range light quantity monitoring.
  • the luminous flux measurement module further includes a background light detector 8A, and the position of the background light detector 8A corresponds to the position of the second photosensor 82 .
  • the background light detector 8A is provided to eliminate the influence of background stray light on the measurement results of the second photoelectric sensor 82 .
  • a background light detector 8A is provided on one side of the second photosensor 82.
  • the background light detector 8A can hardly receive the detection beam of the B_LED emitted light transmitted through the first optical region R1.
  • the background light detector 8A is located outside the range covered by the corresponding detection beam on the corresponding luminous flux measurement module.
  • the first photoelectric sensor 81 can be used as the background light detection photodetector, which is basically unable to receive the B light detection beam, thereby simplifying the system.
  • the luminous flux measurement module is also provided with a background light detection photodetector 8B.
  • the background light detection photodetector 8B is located at the second point where the approximately collimated light beam passes through the first dichroic mirror.
  • the UV light reflected by the optical surface 201A is outside the diameter of the detection beam, that is, the background light detection photodetector 8B can hardly receive the UV light reflected by the second optical surface 201A on the first dichroic mirror.
  • the detection signal of the photoelectric sensor 81 is subtracted from the background light signal detected by the background light detection photodetector 8B to obtain a UV light detection signal that is more consistent with the output UV light, thereby achieving higher precision UV light quantity control; similarly, Corresponding background light detection photodetectors can be provided for the third photoelectric sensor 83 and the fourth photoelectric sensor 84 to eliminate the influence of background stray light and improve detection accuracy, which will not be described again here.
  • the luminous flux measurement module also includes a filter.
  • spectral filtering can be performed on the spectrum of the light beam detected by one of the photoelectric sensors or more than one photoelectric sensor.
  • filters are provided at the front ends of the first photosensor 81 , the second photosensor 82 , the third photosensor 83 and the fourth photosensor 84 .
  • the first photosensor 81 , the second photosensor 81 and the second photosensor 84 can be configured to perform spectral filtering.
  • Optical filters are arranged in the measurement light paths of the photoelectric sensor 82, the third photoelectric sensor 83 and the fourth photoelectric sensor 84 to cut off the part beyond the spectral range of the output illumination light, thereby achieving the same goal as the light source 1021 and the second light source 102 in the second light source 102.
  • the light source 1022 in , the light source 1023 in the second light source 102 and the first light source 101 output the measured spectra whose spectra B1 to B4 are consistent or similar.
  • the light quantity detection of the photoelectric sensor 84 has a strong correlation with the output of the light source 1021 of the second light source 102, the light source 1022 of the second light source 102, the light source 1023 of the second light source 102, and the component output of the first light source 101, ensuring that The accuracy of light quantity detection maintains the stability of illumination light tone and luminous flux, while also simplifying the light quantity control strategy.
  • a bandpass filter L3 with transmission characteristics in the spectrum B3 range can be configured at the front end of the third photosensor 83 to effectively filter out the blue excitation light in the fluorescent G_LED emission spectrum and maintain the G_LED detection beam.
  • the spectrum is similar to or consistent with the output spectrum B3; alternatively, a short-pass or band-pass filter L1 with transmission characteristics within the spectrum B1 range is configured at the front end of the first photoelectric sensor 81; a short-wave pass or bandpass filter L1 with transmission characteristics is configured at the front end of the second photoelectric sensor 82 within the spectrum B2 range.
  • a band-pass filter L2 with transmission characteristics; a long-wave pass or band-pass filter L4 with transmission characteristics within the spectrum B4 range is disposed at the front end of the fourth photoelectric sensor 84 .
  • the spectroscopic detection of the luminous amount of each light source is achieved without adding additional
  • the detection beam is obtained to achieve spectroscopic detection, wherein the detection beam is a small amount of reflection and reflection by the first optical surface or the second optical surface of the dichroic mirror. Transmitted light, with simplified system design and feedback control strategy.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the light combining module also includes a third optical filter 210 corresponding to the luminous flux measurement module 208.
  • the third optical filter 210 may be disposed between the corresponding beam splitter 2081 and the photoelectric sensor 2082 for transmitting the light beam of the third target waveband and/or the fourth target waveband.
  • a luminous flux measurement module 208 is provided in the optical path of each second light source 102
  • a third optical filter 210 is provided between each beam splitter 2081 and the corresponding photoelectric sensor 2082 .
  • the third filter 210 may be a bandpass filter with transmission characteristics within the spectral range of the light source 1022 (green fluorescence type), for effectively filtering out the light source 1022 (green fluorescence type). ) blue laser emission in the luminescence spectrum, ensuring that the detection spectrum measured by the photoelectric sensor 2082 is similar to or consistent with the output spectrum of the light source 1022 (green fluorescence type) in the synthetic light.
  • a third filter 210 is provided between the photosensor 2082 and the beam splitter 2081. The third filter 210 may have transmission characteristics within the spectral range of the light source 1021 (blue light source).
  • the bandpass filter is used to ensure that the detection spectrum measured by the photoelectric sensor 2082 is similar to or consistent with the output spectrum of the light source 1021 (blue light source) in the synthetic light.
  • a third filter 210 is provided between the photosensor 2082 and the beam splitter 2081.
  • the third filter 210 may have transmission characteristics within the spectral range of the light source 1023 (red light source).
  • the long wave pass or band pass filter is used to ensure that the detection spectrum measured by the photoelectric sensor 2082 is similar to or consistent with the output spectrum of the light source 1023 (red light source) in the synthetic light.
  • the third target waveband is the same as the first target waveband of the first beam in the synthetic light.
  • the difference may be less than the first preset difference threshold.
  • the fourth target waveband is the same as the second target of the second beam in the synthetic light.
  • the difference of the bands may be less than the second preset difference threshold.
  • the first preset difference threshold and/or the second preset difference threshold may be no greater than 10 nm respectively.
  • the first target waveband of the first beam in the synthetic light is 390nm-410nm, that is, the shortwave part of the first target waveband of the first beam is 390nm, and the longwave part is 410nm, then the shortwave part of the third target waveband is 380nm-400nm. , the long wave part of the third target band is 400nm-420nm.
  • the third and fourth light beams incident on the photosensor 2082 may be spectrally filtered.
  • the third optical filter 210 can be configured in the measurement optical path of the photoelectric sensor 2082 (between the beam splitter 2081 and the photoelectric sensor 2082) to cut off the non-effective output spectral portion of the illumination output light.
  • the heat generated by the light source during operation will cause the junction temperature (PN junction temperature) to increase, and the relevant parameters of each light source (such as the amount and spectrum of the light source) are easily affected by the operating temperature.
  • the increase in junction temperature will cause the peak wavelength to shift.
  • the luminous flux decreases, which is especially obvious for R_LED. Therefore, it is necessary to control the heat dissipation of the endoscope's light source device to maintain the light source device operating within a reasonable temperature range.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the light source device 100 also includes a first heat dissipation module 212 and a second heat dissipation module 213 for controlling the light source.
  • Device 100 dissipates heat.
  • the heat dissipation direction of the first heat dissipation module 212 is parallel to the optical axis of the output light
  • the heat dissipation direction of the second heat dissipation module 213 is perpendicular to the optical axis of the output light.
  • the first heat dissipation module 212 and/or the second heat dissipation module 213 may include one or more fans disposed in an internal or external space of the light source device 100 for air cooling and heating.
  • the light source 1021, the light source 1022 and the light source 1023 in the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 are respectively arranged in two mutually perpendicular or approximately perpendicular directions. According to the arrangement characteristics of each light source in the light source device 100, it can be Determine the heat dissipation direction S1 of the first heat dissipation module 212 and/or the heat dissipation directions S2 of the second heat dissipation module 213 .
  • the heat dissipation direction of the first heat dissipation module 212 may be parallel to the optical axis of the light output from the light guide module 800; the heat dissipation direction of the second heat dissipation module 213 may be perpendicular to the optical axis of the light output from the light guide module 800.
  • a first cooling fan and a second cooling fan may be provided in the first heat dissipation direction S1 and the second heat dissipation direction S2 respectively, for cooling the light source device 100 or/and other components of the endoscope device 10 (for example, , control module 500) for overall heat dissipation, and through optimized air duct design, a limited number of fans is used to achieve a good comprehensive heat dissipation effect.
  • the first heat dissipation module 212 and/or the second heat dissipation module 213 may also Heat dissipation can be combined in a variety of ways.
  • the light source device 100 may use thermally conductive glue, thermally conductive sheets, heat dissipation fins, water cooling or liquid cooling to dissipate heat.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the light source device 100 also includes a light source expansion interface, and the light source expansion interface is used to connect the expansion module 40 .
  • the expansion module 40 may include at least one third light source 401 and a second light combining module 402 corresponding to the at least one third light source.
  • the second light combining module 402 corresponding to the at least one third light source 401 includes a third light combining element, and the third light combining element is used to process the fifth light beam emitted by the at least one third light source 401.
  • At least one third light source 401 may include a red light source. In some embodiments, at least one third light source 401 may include a red light source and an amber light source. In some embodiments, at least one third light source 401 may include a red light source, a first infrared light source, and a second infrared light source.
  • FIG. 19A is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the expansion module 40 may include at least one light source 401 and a second light combining module 402 corresponding to the at least one light source.
  • at least one light source 401 may include an amber light source 4011
  • the light combining module corresponding to the at least one light source may include a third light combining element 4021.
  • the fifth light beam emitted by the amber light source 4011 becomes a parallel light beam through a collimating lens, and the third light combining element 4021 transmits the parallel light beam to form a second transmitted light, and will be combined with the third light combining element 4021 4021
  • the second light beam emitted by the corresponding second light source 1023 is reflected to form a second reflected light.
  • the second reflected light, the second transmitted light and the second light beam other than the second light beam emitted by the second light source 1023 pass through the second light beam.
  • the reflection and/or transmission of the light combining element 202 forms the first incident light incident on the first light combining element 201, achieving the integration of the amber light source 4011 into the light beams of the above four light sources. Combine light and expand integration.
  • a collimating lens, a second optical filter, a luminous flux measurement module, etc. may also be provided between the amber light source 4011 and the third light combining element 4021.
  • FIG. 19B is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 19C is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 19D is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 19E is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device shown according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the light combining element in the light source device 100 shown in FIG. 19A can also be a dichroic mirror.
  • the first light combining element 201, the light combining element 2021 of the second light combining element 202, and the light combining element 2021 are respectively a first dichroic mirror, a second dichroic mirror, a third dichroic mirror and a fourth dichroic mirror.
  • the light source device 100 shown in FIGS. 19C to 19E also includes a first photoelectric sensor 81 , a second photoelectric sensor 82 , a third photoelectric sensor 83 , a fourth photoelectric sensor 84 and a fifth photoelectric sensor 85 for measuring the entry into the light source device 100 . of luminous flux.
  • the light source 1021, the light source 1022, the light source 1023 and the light source 4011 in the first light source 101, the second light source 102 can be ultraviolet (UV-LED), blue (B-LED), green (G-LED), respectively. LED), red (R-LED) and amber (A-LED).
  • an amber light source 4011 is added to the light source device 100 shown in FIGS. 19A to 19E .
  • the peak wavelength of the amber light source 4011 is 590nm-610nm.
  • the degree of light absorption of hemoglobin changes greatly near 600nm.
  • the peak wavelength of the first light source 101 (R_LED) is located at 620nm-640nm. Compared with the 600nm wavelength, the light absorption coefficient is smaller.
  • the scattering coefficient of living tissue is also smaller, which is beneficial to improving the visibility of deep blood vessels.
  • the other structures are the same as mentioned above and will not be described again here.
  • the wavelength of the transition zone of the first optical surface 201B on the first dichroic mirror is in the range of 410nm-430nm.
  • the ultraviolet light ( ⁇ 420nm) emitted by the UV_LED it passes through The rate reaches the optimal transmittance T1 according to the coating process.
  • T1 Preferably, T1 ⁇ 97%.
  • the blue light ( ⁇ 420nm) emitted by B_LED has spectroscopic characteristics that are mainly reflection characteristics and supplemented by transmission characteristics.
  • a beam splitting film is provided on the first optical surface of the dichroic mirror.
  • the beam splitting film can transmit the emitted light of the corresponding light source while reflecting and integrating the optical path, so that the transmitted light enters the corresponding luminous flux measurement module.
  • Figure 19F is a spectral curve of the first optical surface of a dichroic mirror according to some embodiments of this specification. As shown in FIG. 19F , the reflectance RR and transmittance T2 of the first optical surface 201B in the wavelength band above 430 nm are designed through the beam splitting film, and have a transmission characteristic of less than or equal to 10% for B light, and a transmission characteristic of no less than or equal to 10% for B light.
  • a beam splitting film is provided on the first optical surface of the dichroic mirror. The beam splitting film can reflect the emitted light of the corresponding light source while transmitting and integrating the optical path, so that the reflected light enters the corresponding light source. in the luminous flux measurement module.
  • the R_LED emitted light is sequentially reflected by the first optical surface 4021A of the fourth dichroic mirror, then reflected by the first optical surface 2022B of the third dichroic mirror, and then reflected by the second optical surface 2021A of the second dichroic mirror.
  • the R light detection beam is obtained, and enters the fourth photoelectric sensor 84 as the detection light to output the R_LED Detect the luminous flux.
  • the light path integration of G_LED is performed before the light path integration of B_LED.
  • the blue excitation light in the G_LED emitted light is cut off, with The characteristics of completely cutting off the blue excitation light in the reflected light of G_LED and completely reflecting the emitted light of B_LED, that is, the reflectivity of blue light emitted by B_LED reaches the highest according to the coating process, and has almost no spectroscopic characteristics of transmitting blue light.
  • the difference between Figures 19D and 19E and Figures 19A-19C lies in the placement of the light sources.
  • the light sources 1021, 1022, 1023 and 4011 of the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 can be ultraviolet (UV- LED), blue (B-LED), green (G-LED), red (R-LED) and amber (A-LED).
  • UV- LED ultraviolet
  • B-LED blue
  • G-LED green
  • R-LED red
  • A-LED amber
  • the optical path integration of G_LED is carried out after the optical path integration of B_LED.
  • the light source is integrated from short to long according to the emission wavelength.
  • the first optical surface 201B and the first optical surface 201B on the first dichroic mirror are The first optical surface 2022A on the second dichroic mirror, the first optical surface 2021B on the third dichroic mirror, and the first optical surface 4021A on the fourth dichroic mirror have long-wave pass or short-wave pass characteristics with simplified Coating process and system cost reduction features.
  • the characteristics of the first optical surface 2021B on the third dichroic mirror and the first optical surface 4021A on the fourth dichroic mirror are shown in Figure 10 and Figure 6; on the second dichroic mirror
  • the characteristics of the first optical surface 2022A are shown in Figure 10; the first optical surface 201B on the first dichroic mirror has long wave pass characteristics with a transition zone wavelength of about 600nm-630nm, the transmission R_LED is higher than 610nm and the reflection A- LED light below 610nm completes the optical path integration of the purple, blue, green and amber light emitted by UV_LED, B_LED, G_LED and A_LED and the red light emitted by R_LED.
  • the R_LED, G_LED, and UV_LED through the beam splitting characteristics of the second optical surfaces 201A, 2021A, and 4021B of the first dichroic mirror, the third dichroic mirror, and the fourth dichroic mirror, the R_LED, G_LED, and UV_LED
  • the emitted light is partially split and enters the luminous flux measurement module corresponding to each LED (for example, the fourth photoelectric sensor 84, the third photoelectric sensor 83, the first photoelectric sensor 81); it passes through the first photoelectric sensor on the second dichroic mirror.
  • the spectroscopic characteristics of the second optical area R2 on the optical surface 2022A split the A_LED emitted light through the transmission beam of the second optical area R2 and enter the fifth photoelectric sensor 85; through the first optical surface on the fourth dichroic mirror
  • the spectroscopic characteristics of the second optical zone R2 of 4021A, or the beam splitting characteristics of the first optical surface 4021A on the fourth dichroic mirror transmit and split the light emitted by the B_LED and enter the second photoelectric sensor 82 to realize each LED in the optical path. Spectroscopic detection is completed while integrated.
  • the second optical areas R2 of the first optical surfaces 2021B and 402A corresponding to the second dichroic mirror and the fourth dichroic mirror are not coated, or have the same coating characteristics, that is, they both have A_LED emission Amber light and B_LED emit blue light with a beam splitting film of about 95% transmission and about 5% reflection, or an anti-reflection coating with anti-reflection properties.
  • coating the second optical areas R2 of the first optical surfaces 2021B and 402A corresponding to the second dichroic mirror and the fourth dichroic mirror in the same batch can simplify the coating process and reduce system costs.
  • the second photosensor 82 is offset, and the first photosensor 81 and the second photosensor 82 are arranged up and down or left and right in the detection light path space shown in Figure 19D to optimally receive the light source 4011 and the light source. 1023 detection light.
  • the spectroscopic detection scheme for the B light emitted by the B_LED is to set the second optical surface 2022B on the second dichroic mirror to have beam splitting characteristics, and the B_LED emits light in sequence. After being reflected by the first optical surfaces 4021A and 2021B on the fourth dichroic mirror and the third dichroic mirror, it enters the second optical surface 2021A on the second dichroic mirror for light splitting to obtain B light for detection and viewing as detection light. Entering the second photoelectric sensor 82, the reflected spectroscopic detection of B light is achieved.
  • the second photosensor 822 is offset, and the second photosensor 82 and the fifth photosensor 85 are arranged juxtaposed up and down or left and right in the detection optical path space shown in FIG. 19E.
  • the amount of detection light received by the first photoelectric sensor 81 - the fifth photoelectric sensor 85 accounts for a moderate proportion of the amount of light emitted by each light source.
  • a sufficient amount of light is achieved to meet the system monitoring accuracy; on the other hand, the amount of emitted light is It will not be excessive and avoid saturation of the photoelectric sensor caused by excessive detection light, and it can also achieve the maximum dynamic detection range required by the system. It can detect the light flux of each light source with high precision and high dynamic range without excessive losses. Effectively output lighting light.
  • the fluorescent G_LED emits green light and also has blue excitation light.
  • the detection light path meets the following conditions: G_LED, as the first optical surface of the dichroic mirror integrated with the light path of G_LED and the light path of B_LED, realizes the cutoff of the blue excitation light in the G_LED emitted light, and has complete cutoff of the blue excitation in the G_LED reflected light.
  • the characteristics of light and completely reflected light emitted by B_LED that is, the reflectivity of blue light emitted by B_LED reaches the highest according to the coating process, and has almost no spectroscopic characteristics of transmitted blue light.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of exemplary spectral curves of various light sources according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • L1, L2, L3, L4 and L5 respectively represent the spectral curves of the first light source 101, the light source 1021, the light source 1022, the light source 1023 and the amber light source 4011.
  • the first light source 101 may be a purple light source
  • the light source 1021, the light source 1022 and the light source 1023 may be a blue light source, a green light source and a red light source respectively
  • the amber light source 4011 may emit amber light.
  • the peak wavelengths of the remaining four second light sources are all longer than the peak wavelength of the violet light source.
  • the second light beam emitted by the second light source with a longer peak wavelength (for example, the light source 1023 of the red light source) is reflected by the second light combining element 2022, and the second light beam with a shorter peak wavelength is reflected by the second light combining element 2022.
  • the second light beam emitted by the second light source (for example, the light source 1022 of the green light source) is transmitted by the second light combining element 2022, and the light combining of the second light source is completed in turn.
  • the second light combining element 2022 here is a short-wave bidirectional Color mirror.
  • Figure 21 is a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary third light combining element according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the third light combining element 4021 may have short-wave pass characteristics with a transition zone wavelength of about 600 nm-620 nm, transmitting the spectral components of the amber light source 4011 below 610 nm and reflecting the red light source above 610 nm.
  • the second light combining element 202 (light combining element 2021 and light combining element 2022) has different transition zone long wave pass or short wave pass characteristics.
  • the third light combining element 4021 can transmit the fifth light beam emitted by the amber light source 4011 to form a second transmitted light, and reflect the second light beam emitted by the second light source 1023 corresponding to the third light combining element 4021 to form the third light beam.
  • Two reflected light; the second light combining element 202 (light combining element 2021 and light combining element 2022) combines the second transmitted light, the second reflected light and the second light beam emitted by the second light source 1023 corresponding to the third light combining element 4021. Reflection and/or transmission forms the first incident light incident on the first light combining element 201.
  • the first light combining element 201 reflects the first incident light and transmits the first light beam emitted by the first light source to form synthetic light.
  • the collimated light beams of each light source are reflected and/or transmitted through the first light combining element 201, each second light combining element 202 and the third light combining element 4021 to achieve mutual independence of the component spectra of each light source and obtain an independent spectrum. That is to say, there are almost no overlapping wavelengths, which makes it easy to simplify the proportion control strategy of each light source component in the output light and achieve high-precision lighting light tone and luminous flux stability control.
  • the peak wavelength of the amber light source 4011 may be 590nm-610nm.
  • the hemoglobin spectral absorption coefficient has a large variation range near 600nm.
  • the peak wavelength of light source 1023 (red light source) can be located at 620nm-640nm. Compared with the luminescence spectrum of amber light source 4011 around 590nm-610nm, light source 1023 (red light source) ) has a smaller hemoglobin absorption coefficient and living tissue scattering coefficient.
  • the amber light source 4011 Based on the difference in the absorption and scattering characteristics of the luminescence spectra of the amber light source 4011 and the light source 1023 (red light source) in the output light of hemoglobin, the amber light source 4011 is used Illumination with the light source 1023 (red light source) is beneficial to improving the visibility of deep blood vessels.
  • a photoelectric sensor may be provided in the light path of the amber light source 4011 to detect the luminous flux emitted by the amber light source 4011.
  • a filter can be provided between the photosensor and the beam splitter.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the expansion module 40 may include at least one light source and a light combining module corresponding to the at least one light source.
  • at least one light source includes a first infrared light source 4012 and a second infrared light source 4013, and the light combining module corresponding to the at least one light source includes a fourth light combining module. element 4022 and the fifth light combining element 4023.
  • the fourth light combining element 4022 is used to reflect the sixth beam emitted by the first infrared light source 4012 to form a second incident light incident on the fifth light combining element 4023, and to emit the second infrared light source 4013.
  • the seventh beam is transmitted to form a third transmitted light.
  • the fifth light combining element 4023 is used to transmit the second incident light and the third transmitted light, and reflect the second light beam emitted by the second light source 1023 corresponding to the fifth light combining element 4023 to form The third incident light is incident on the second light combining element 202 .
  • the second light combining element 202 (light combining element 2021 and light combining element 2022) is used to reflect and/or transmit the third incident light and the second remaining light beam to form a light beam incident on the first light combining element 201.
  • the second remaining second light beam may include a second light beam other than the second light beam emitted by the second light source 1023 corresponding to the fifth light combining element 4023.
  • the expansion module 40 can also provide a collimating lens between the first infrared light source 4012 and the fourth light combining element 4022 and between the second infrared light source 4013 and the fourth light combining element 4022 .
  • a short-wave pass or band-pass filter can be added to the respective light paths of the first infrared light source 4012 or/and the second infrared light source 4013 to further highlight the narrow-band characteristics of 800nm-820nm and 920nm-940nm.
  • a filter with short wave pass characteristics of wavelengths below 820 nm can be added on the optical path where the fourth light combining element 4022 and the first infrared light source 4012 are located, and a filter with short wave pass characteristics of a wavelength below 820 nm can be added on the optical path where the fourth light combining element 4022 and the second infrared light source 4013 are located.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of exemplary spectral curves of various light sources according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • L1, L2, L3, L4, L6 and L7 respectively represent the spectral curves of the first light source 101, the light source 1021, the light source 1022, the light source 1023, the first infrared light source 4012 and the second infrared light source 4013.
  • the first light source 101 may be a purple light source
  • the light source 1021, the light source 1022, and the light source 1023 may be a blue light source, a green light source, and a red light source respectively.
  • the wavelength range of the first infrared light source 4012 may be 800 nm to 830 nm; the second infrared light source 4013 may have a longer wavelength than the first infrared light source 4012.
  • the wavelength range of the second infrared light source 4013 may be 910 nm to 950 nm.
  • Figure 24 is a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary fourth light combining element according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the fourth light combining element 4022 may have a long wave pass characteristic with a transition zone wavelength of approximately 910 nm to 930 nm.
  • the fourth light combining element 4022 transmits the spectral components higher than 920 nm in the second infrared light source 4013 and reflects the spectral components lower than 920 nm in the beam of the first infrared light source 4012 to form the first transmitted light.
  • Figure 25 is a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary fifth light combining element according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the fifth light combining element 4023 may have long wave pass characteristics with a transition zone wavelength of about 790 nm to 810 nm.
  • the fifth light combining element 4023 transmits the spectral components greater than 800 nm in the first transmitted light, and the spectral components less than 800 nm in the beam of the reflected light source 1023 (red light source), forming third incident light.
  • the light combining element 2021 and the light combining element 2022 in the second light combining element 202 can have different transition zone long wave pass or short wave pass characteristics.
  • the second light combining element 202 is based on the transition zone long wave pass or short wave pass characteristics.
  • the third incident light and the second light beam excluding the second light beam emitted by the second light source corresponding to the fifth light combining element are reflected and/or transmitted to form the first incident light incident on the first light combining element 201 .
  • the first light combining element 201 reflects the first incident light and transmits the first light beam associated with the first light source to form combined light.
  • the collimated light beams of each light source are reflected and/or transmitted through the first light combining element 201, each second light combining element 202, the fourth light combining element 4022, and the fifth light combining element 4023 to realize the interaction of the component spectra of each light source. Independent, get independent spectra.
  • a circuit interface can be provided on the circuit connected to the light source device 100, and the circuit connection is performed through the circuit interface to realize the control of the expansion module 40.
  • the expansion module 40 can cover a variety of lighting needs in the endoscope system 10 at low cost through the above expansion or replacement, and more importantly, it can reserve interfaces for subsequent new lighting needs.
  • the light source device 100 has an ordinary white light mode, a special light illumination mode and a mixed light mode of white light illumination, which can respectively realize the observation of the overall contour of the observation object and the emphasized observation of the surface and middle layers of blood vessels, taking into account the overall contour and Mixed light observation image with blood vessel emphasis observation.
  • the light source device 100 shown in some embodiments of the present application has an infrared light observation mode (first infrared light source and second infrared light source). After intravenous injection of ICG that easily absorbs infrared light, deep mucosal blood vessels and Observe images with clear blood flow information, or reserve interfaces for new special light/mixed light illumination.
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device 100 according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the light source device 100 may include a first light source (ie, light source 2602), a second light source (ie, light source 2601, light source 2603, light source 2604, and light source 2605), and a first light combining element (ie, light combining element 262) , the second light combining element (ie, the light combining element 261, the light combining element 263, and the light combining element 264).
  • the light guide module 800 is connected to the light source device 100 and is used to output the synthesized light generated by the light source device 100 .
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device 100 according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • the light source device 100 shown in FIG. 27 further includes one or more collimating lenses 203 based on the light source device 100 shown in FIG. 26 .
  • one of the one or more collimating lenses 203 can be disposed between the light source and the light combining element, for changing the light beam emitted by the light source into a parallel light beam or a nearly parallel light beam to be incident on the corresponding combined light beam. element.
  • the light source 2601 may be a red R_LED
  • the light source 2602 may be an amber A_LED
  • the light source 2603 may be an ultraviolet UV_LED
  • the light source 2604 may be a blue B_LED
  • the light source 2605 may be a green G_LED.
  • the angle between any two of the light combining element 261 , the light combining element 262 and the light combining element 263 may be smaller than the seventh preset angle.
  • the seventh preset angle may be 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, etc.
  • any two of the light combining element 261, the light combining element 262 and the light combining element 263 may be parallel to each other.
  • the angle between the light combining element 264 and any other light combining element may be greater than the eighth preset angle and less than the ninth preset angle.
  • the eighth preset angle may be 80°, 85°, etc.
  • the ninth preset angle may be 95°, 100°, etc.
  • the angle between the light combining element 264 and any other light combining element may be 90°.
  • the spectrum curve of the amber light A_LED of the light source 2602 is shown in FIG. 20 .
  • the amber light A_LED has a narrow band spectrum, its peak wavelength can be 590nm-610nm, and the bandwidth is about 20nm.
  • the amber light A_LED can be a fluorescence conversion A_LED, which has blue excitation light with a peak wavelength in the range of 430nm-460nm. The blue excitation light excites the fluorescent material to produce a broad-band light with a peak wavelength of approximately 590nm-610nm. A small amount of blue excitation light is not absorbed by the fluorescent substance and is directly transmitted. That is, the broad-band amber light emitted by the fluorescent LED luminescence spectrum not only contains a broad-band spectrum with a peak wavelength of 590nm-610nm, but also contains a small amount of blue excitation light.
  • the light combining element 264 has a short-wave pass characteristic with a transition zone wavelength of about 600 nm to 620 nm, transmits amber light and reflects red light, and realizes the combination of red light and amber light.
  • the light combining element 263 has a short-wave pass characteristic with a transition zone wavelength of about 400 nm to 420 nm, transmits UV light and reflects blue light, thereby realizing the combination of UV light and blue light.
  • the light combining element 262 has a long-wave pass characteristic with a transition zone wavelength of approximately 450 nm to 470 nm, transmits green light and reflects blue light and UV light, thereby achieving light combining of green light, UV light and blue light.
  • the light combining element 261 has a short-wave pass characteristic with a transition zone wavelength of about 585 nm to 605 nm, transmits amber light and red light, reflects green light, blue light and UV light, and realizes the sum of amber light, red light, green light, blue light and UV light. .
  • the light combining element 264 performs long-wave cutoff filtering on it, cutting off the spectral components above 610 nm of the wide-band amber light; the light-combining element 261 performs short-wave cutoff filtering on it, cutting off the wide-band amber light.
  • the light source device further includes a filter cut-in and cut-out module.
  • the filter cut-in and cut-out module has a filter placed in the light path or cut out from the light path.
  • the filter in the filter cut-in and cut-out module is a filter that performs narrowband filtering on the wide-band G light emitted by the light source 2605.
  • the filter is disposed in the optical path of the light source 2605.
  • the light source 2605 (green light source) is a blue LED that excites a phosphor and emits green light, that is, a fluorescent G_LED, which has a peak wavelength of 510nm to 560nm.
  • the bandwidth of the light source 2605 is in the range of 90nm-110nm.
  • the filter will The broad-band green light is filtered to obtain narrow-band green light of 520nm-550nm or 530nm-550nm; so that the light source 2605 has two output states of broadband and narrowband green light.
  • the light source device by cutting in and out of the optical filter module, when the optical filter is cut out from the light path, the light source device has a white light mode; when the optical filter is placed in the light path, the light source device has Bleeding point observation mode.
  • the white light observation mode outputs according to a certain ratio by setting the light sources 2601-2605.
  • the light source 2605 outputs a wide-band green light to obtain a white light mode, which enables observation of the overall surface properties of living tissue.
  • the bleeding point observation mode outputs a narrow band by setting The 2605 (G-LED), light source 2602 (A-LED), and light source 2601 (R-LED) components of the spectrum are the main output components. According to the output spectrum of the light source 2602 (A-LED) relative to the light source 2601 (R-LED) It is more easily absorbed by hemoglobin in the blood. The difference in absorption characteristics between the two improves the visibility of deep blood vessels. It is mainly used to emphasize the display of deep blood vessels or obtain bleeding point display images.
  • the light source 2601 may be an ultraviolet light UV_LED
  • the light source 2602 may be a first blue light B_LED
  • the light source 2603 may be a second blue light B_LED
  • the light source 2604 may be a green light G_LED
  • the light source 2605 may be a red light R_LED.
  • the second blue light B_LED and the first blue light B_LED may have the same peak wavelength or the second blue light B_LED may have a slightly higher peak wavelength than the first blue light B_LED.
  • the UV_LED, G_LED and R_LED are the same as those mentioned above. same.
  • the first blue light B-LED may have a peak wavelength of 430 nm to 460 nm.
  • its peak wavelength is 430nm ⁇ 460nm
  • its wavelength range can be a narrow band with a bandwidth of about 20nm or 30nm
  • the second blue light B-LED can have a peak wavelength of 430nm ⁇ 460nm, or its peak wavelength is 440nm, which is a slightly longer wavelength.
  • ⁇ 470nm its wavelength range can be narrowband, and the bandwidth is about 20nm or 30nm.
  • Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of exemplary spectral curves of various light sources according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the spectral curves of light source 2601, light source 2602, light source 2603, light source 2604 and light source 2605 can be represented by L1, L2A, L2B, L3 and L4 respectively, where L2A (i.e. the first blue light B_LED) and L2B (ie, the spectral curves of the second blue light B_LED) can be consistent.
  • Figure 29 is a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary light combining element 264 according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the light combining element 264 may have a long-wave pass characteristic with a transition zone wavelength of about 400nm-420nm.
  • the spectrum of the reflected light source 2601 (UV_LED) is lower than 410nm and the transmitted light source 2602 (first blue light B_LED) is higher than 410nm.
  • Spectral components realize the integration of the blue light emitted by the light source 2602 (first blue light B_LED) and the ultraviolet light emitted by the light source 2601 (UV_LED).
  • FIG. 7 may also be a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary light combining element 263 shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present application.
  • the light combining element 263 may have a short-wave pass characteristic with a transition zone wavelength of about 460nm-480nm, a reflection spectrum higher than 470nm, and a spectral component of the transmission light source 2603 (second blue light B_LED) spectral light lower than 470nm.
  • the second blue light emitted by the light source 2603 (second blue light B_LED) is integrated with the green light emitted by the light source 2604 (G_LED).
  • the light combining element 263 performs cut-off filtering on the blue excitation light in the spectrum L3 to prevent blue light. The color excitation light enters the subsequent optical path.
  • FIG. 8 may also be a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary light combining element 262 shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present application.
  • the spectrum of the light combining element 262 can realize the optical path of the second blue light emitted by the light source 2603 (second blue light B_LED), the green light emitted by the light source 2604 (G_LED), and the red light emitted by the light source 2605 (R_LED). integrated.
  • FIG. 11 may also be a transmittance spectrum diagram of an exemplary light combining element 261 shown according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 11 , the light combining element 261 may have short-wave pass characteristics with a transition zone wavelength of approximately 445 nm to 475 nm.
  • the light combining element 261 may have a short-wave pass characteristic with a transition zone wavelength of about 450 nm to 460 nm, reflecting the second blue light emitted by the light source 2603 (second blue light B_LED), the green light emitted by the light source 2604 (G_LED), and the light source 2605
  • the red light emitted by (R_LED) has a spectral component higher than 455nm
  • the ultraviolet light emitted by the light source 2601 (UV_LED) have a spectral component lower than 455nm, realizing the light source
  • the light combining element 261 obtains the first blue light with a peak wavelength of 420nm to 455nm by transmitting the wavelength component greater than 455nm in the spectrum of the light source 2602 (first blue light B_LED). At the same time, the light combining element 261 passes through reflection. Cut off the wavelength component less than 455 nm in the spectrum of the light source 2603 (second blue light B_LED), and obtain the second blue light with a peak wavelength of 455 nm to 470 nm. The light combining element 261 can perform cut-off filtering on the long wavelength of the spectrum of the light source 2602 (first blue light B_LED) to obtain the first blue light with a peak wavelength of 430nm to 455nm.
  • the difference in reflectivity of superficial or superficial blood vessels and mucous membranes through the spectrum below 455nm is relatively large. Large, to improve the contrast between superficial blood vessels and mucous membranes; perform cut-off filtering on the short wavelength spectrum of light source 2603 (second blue light B_LED) to obtain the second blue light BL2 with a peak wavelength of 455nm ⁇ 470nm. According to the 450nm-500nm wavelength region, the reduction in blood The absorption coefficients of hemoglobin and oxidized hemoglobin are quite different, and within this range, the absorption coefficients of reduced hemoglobin are higher than those of oxidized hemoglobin. Therefore, the oxygen saturation in the blood can be reflected through the output image to achieve oxygen saturation. observe.
  • the above-mentioned light source device 100 can output the first blue light B-LED and the second blue light B-LED, G-LED, R-
  • the mixed light of LED and UV_LED can realize ordinary light illumination, first special light illumination, and mixed light illumination; in addition, it can also realize second special light illumination with oxygen saturation observation.
  • the light source 2601 (UV_LED) is cut-off filtered or narrow-band filtered by the light combining element 264, and the components above 410nm in the emission spectrum are cut off, or the emission spectrum of the light source 2601 (UV_LED) is subjected to ⁇ 10nm narrow-band filtering with 405nm as the center point;
  • the light combining element 263 performs cut-off filtering on the blue excitation light in the spectrum of the light source 2604 (G_LED) to prevent the blue excitation light from entering the subsequent light path, making it easier for each spectral component in the output spectrum to be independent of each other, and making it easier to proportionally control the output light, thereby achieving illumination light stable tone;
  • the light source 2602 (the first blue B-LED) has a first blue wavelength component with a wavelength less than 455 nm after being filtered by the light combining element 261, and the light source 2603 (the second blue B-LED) is cut off by the light combining element 261 and finally has a second
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary light source device according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the light combining module further includes at least one luminous flux measurement module 208 .
  • each luminous flux measurement module 208 may include a beam splitter 2081 and a photoelectric sensor 2082 corresponding to the beam splitter 2081.
  • the beam splitter 2081 can be disposed between the light source and the light combining element to split and reflect the light beam emitted by the light source. The reflected light beam is incident on the photoelectric sensor 2082 corresponding to the beam splitter 2081 .
  • the beam splitter 2081 may be disposed on each light source (for example, light source 2601, light source 2602, light source 2603, light source 2604, light source 2605) and the light combining element 202 (for example, light combining element) corresponding to each light source. 261, light combining element 262, light combining element 263, light combining element 264) for splitting and reflecting the light beam emitted by the light source and then incident on the photoelectric sensor 2082 corresponding to the beam splitter 2081.
  • Photoelectric sensor 2082 is used to detect the luminous flux of the light beam incident therein.
  • numbers are used to describe the quantities of components and properties. It should be understood that such numbers used to describe the embodiments are modified by the modifiers "about”, “approximately” or “substantially” in some examples. Grooming. Unless otherwise stated, “about,” “approximately,” or “substantially” means that the stated number is allowed to vary by ⁇ 20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximations that may vary depending on the desired features of the individual embodiment. In some embodiments, numerical parameters should account for the specified number of significant digits and use general digit preservation methods. Although the numerical ranges and parameters used to identify the breadth of ranges in some embodiments of this specification are approximations, in specific embodiments, such numerical values are set as accurately as is feasible.

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Abstract

本说明书实施例提供一种光源装置，该光源装置包括合光模组和至少两个光源，所述光源装置与导光模组连接，所述至少两个光源包括第一光源和至少一个第二光源，所述合光模组包括第一合光元件，其中，所述第一合光元件设置于所述导光模组和所述第一光源之间，用于将第一光束进行透射形成第一透射光，所述第一光束与所述第一光源相关；所述第一合光元件还用于将所述至少一个第二光源发出的至少一个第二光束形成第一反射光，并将所述第一反射光和所述第一透射光进行合成形成合成光，以由所述导光模组将所述合成光传输至受测组织；以及所述第一光束属于窄带光谱或短波段光谱范围。

Description

光源装置和内窥镜系统
交叉引用
本申请要求2022年8月17日提交的申请号为202210989189.6的中国申请、2022年8月17日提交的申请号为202210988103.8的中国申请的优先权以及2022年8月17日提交的申请号为202210989280.8的中国申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本说明书涉及内窥镜技术领域，特别涉及光源装置和内窥镜系统。
背景技术
在医学影像技术领域，采用内窥镜系统进行诊断已经很常见。现有的内窥镜系统中的光源装置一般使用多个发光二极管(light-emitting diode，LED)进行合光，以分别输出普通光观察模式或特殊光(例如，窄波段或短波段的特殊光)观察模式等对应的光束。然而，在特殊光观察模式下，由于窄波段的带宽较窄，限制了特殊光的光通量；再者，内窥镜系统中的导光模组传输的短波波段的光的透过率低于长波波段的光的透过率，也容易出现内窥镜照明中短波光束光通量不足的现象。白光和特殊光的光通量会影响内窥镜系统的诊断结果，例如，当在中远距离观察时，特殊光的光通量不足会限制对活体组织的识别，无法判断活体组织是否发生病变。因此，需要提出特殊光的光通量充足且易于装调的内窥镜系统中的光源装置和相应的内窥镜系统。
发明内容
本说明书一个或多个实施例提供一种光源装置，所述光源装置包括第一合光模组和至少两个光源，所述光源装置与导光模组连接，所述至少两个光源包括第一光源和至少一个第二光源，所述第一合光模组包括第一合光元件，其中，所述第一合光元件设置于所述导光模组和所述第一光源之间，用于将第一光束进行透射形成第一透射光，所述第一光束与所述第一光源相关；所述第一合光元件还用于将所述至少一个第二光源发出的至少一个第二光束形成第一反射光，并将所述第一反射光和所述第一透射光进行合成形成合成光，以由所述导光模组将所述合成光传输至受测组织；以及所述第一光束属于窄带光谱或短波光谱范围。
本说明书一个或多个实施例提供一种内窥镜系统，所述内窥镜系统包括导光模组、照明模组、摄像模组、处理模块、显示模块以及所述的光源装置；所述光源装置，用于将所述合成光通过所述导光模组传输至所述照明模组；所述照明模组，用于将传输至所述照明模组上的合成光扩散至所述受测组织上；所述摄像模组，用于获取所述受测组织的图像；所述处理模块，用于对所述图像进行信号处理，得到信号处理后的图像；所述显示模块，用于展示所述信号处理后的图像。
附图说明
本说明书将以示例性实施例的方式进一步说明，这些示例性实施例将通过附图进行详细描述。这些实施例并非限制性的，在这些实施例中，相同的编号表示相同的结构，其中：
图1是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性内窥镜系统的示意图；
图2是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的示意图；
图3是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的示意图；
图4是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的示意图；
图5是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的各光源的示例性光谱曲线示意图；
图6根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性第一合光元件的透过率光谱图；
图7是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性第二合光元件的透过率光谱图；
图8是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性第二合光元件的透过率光谱图；
图9是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；
图10是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性第二合光元件的透过率光谱图；
图11是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性第二合光元件的透过率光谱图；
图12是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；
图13是根据本说明书一些实施例中所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；
图14是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；
图15A是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；
图15B是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；
图15C是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；
图15D是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性第三二向色镜的第一光学面的镀膜示意图；
图15E是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性第一光电传感器和第二光电传感器的位置示意图；
图15F是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性背景光检测器相对于第一光电传感器和第二光电传感器的位置示意图；
图15G是根据本本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性第三二向色镜的透过率光谱图；
图16是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；
图17是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；
图18是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；
图19A是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；
图19B是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；
图19C是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；
图19D是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；
图19E是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；
图19F是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的二向色镜第一光学面的光谱曲线图；
图20是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的各光源的示例性光谱曲线示意图；
图21是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性第三合光元件的透过率光谱图；
图22是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；
图23是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的各光源的示例性光谱曲线示意图；
图24是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性第四合光元件的透过率光谱图；
图25是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性第五合光元件的透过率光谱图；
图26是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；
图27是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；
图28是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的各光源的示例性光谱曲线示意图；
图29是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性合光元件264的透过率光谱图；以及
图30是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本说明书实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本说明书的一些示例或实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图将本说明书应用于其它类似情景。除非从语言环境中显而易见或另做说明，图中相同标号代表相同结构或操作。
应当理解，本文使用的“系统”、“装置”、“单元”和/或“模块”是用于区分不同级别的不同组件、元件、部件、部分或装配的一种方法。然而，如果其他词语可实现相同的目的，则可通过其他表达来替换所述词语。
本文中，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如，两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
如本文和权利要求书中所示，除非上下文明确提示例外情形，“一”、“一个”、“一种”和/或“该”等词并非特指单数，也可包括复数。一般说来，术语“包括”与“包含”仅提示包括已明确标识的步骤和元素，而这些步骤和元素不构成一个排它性的罗列，方法或者设备也可能包含其它的步骤或元素。
本说明书中使用了流程图用来说明根据本说明书的实施例的系统所执行的操作。应当理解的 是，前面或后面操作不一定按照顺序来精确地执行。相反，可以按照倒序或同时处理各个步骤。同时，也可以将其他操作添加到这些过程中，或从这些过程移除某一步或数步操作。
图1是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性内窥镜系统10的示意图。如图1所示，内窥镜系统10可以包括光源装置100、照明模组200、摄像模组300、处理模块400、控制模块500、输入模块600、显示模块700以及导光模组800。应当理解的是，图1所示的内窥镜系统10可以应用于医疗领域。通过将内窥镜系统10插入到人体体腔，如食管、胃、大肠内部进行观察诊断，并通过光源装置100为内部观察提供相应的照明，广泛应用于病变的发现、诊断和治疗。例如，光源装置100可以提供普通白光对活体组织表面整体性状进行观察，根据粘膜和血管的吸收、反射和散射特性，可以得到不同观察对象高对比度的增强图像。再例如，光源装置100可以提供蓝色窄频带和/或绿色窄频带光来增强粘膜表层毛细血管和深部的粗血管的对比，有助于病变筛查。
在一些实施例中，光源装置100用于为内窥镜系统10提供照明。在一些实施例中，光源装置100可以包括至少两个光源和将所述至少两个光源发出光进行合成的合成组件。如图1所示，光源装置100可以包括第一光源101、至少一个第二光源102以及第一合光模组103。第一合光模组103用于将第一光源101和至少一个第二光源102发出的光进行合成，形成合成光。在一些实施例中，光源装置100还可以包括散热模块210，用于对光源装置100进行散热，以使光源装置100工作在合理的温度范围内。例如，散热模块210可以用于对光源装置100进行降温处理。在一些实施例中，散热模块210可以使空气流通或产生冷空气，利用空气或冷空气与其他结构热交换以进行降温。
在一些实施例中，光源装置100还可以包括光电传感器，用于检测在预设驱动电流下的每个光源的光通量。在一些实施例中，处理模块400可以获取每个光源的光通量的检测信号，并根据检测信号与预设检测信号之间的差异值调整每个光源的驱动电流(和/或驱动电压)。预设检测信号为对光电传感器的检测信号进行标定时，可以建立多个(例如，N个光源，编号为11-1N)光源不同的驱动电流、检测信号与光通量之间的对应关系。标定时，逐点改变或增加各光源11-1N的驱动电流I1-IN，各光源11-1N准直光路中分束镜将光束分光入射到光电传感器上，通过光电传感器检测各光源在相应的驱动电流下各光电传感器的光通量φ1～φN，将光通量信号φ1～φN转换为检测信号L1～LN，相由此得到驱动电流、检测信号与光通量的对应关系为Ii:Li:φi(i＝1～N)。经多点测试，得到三者的关系曲线，从而完成标定，将标定结果进行存储(例如，存储在处理模块400中)。在一些实施例中，根据标定结果可以精确地实现各个光源输出光通量的反馈控制。例如，若某个光源的实际检测信号小于预设检测信号，则控制模块500可以增大该光源对应的驱动电流；若某个光源的实际检测信号大于预设检测信号，则控制模块500可以减小该光源对应的驱动电流。关于光源装置100及其内部组件的更多描述，请参见本说明书图2-图4、图9、图12-19以及图22。
由于光源装置100的合成光的色调稳定对病变组织观察影响重大，合成光的亮度对图像信号强弱即输出图像清晰度具有重要影响作用，通过光电传感器的实时信号检测，结合标定结果，可以精确地实现各光源输出光量的反馈控制，从而维持照明光色调稳定性和光通量稳定性，提供摄像模组300所需的照明光。
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，导光模组800分别连接光源装置100和照明模组200，用于将光源装置100提供的合成光传输至照明模组200。在一些实施例中，照明模组200用于将光源装置100提供的合成光扩散至目标物体(例如，人体的受测组织)上，进而对目标物体进行诊断或治疗。例如，所述照明模组200可以包括照明透镜，所述照明透镜将光源装置100提供的光扩散至目标物体。再例如，照明模组200可以包括凹面透镜，利用凹面透镜可以将光束扩散。再例如，导光模组800可以包括光纤。
在一些实施例中，摄像模组300用于获取目标物体的图像后传输给处理模块400。在一些实施例中，处理模块400用于对摄像模组300获取的图像进行信号处理，得到信号处理后的图像，并将处理后的图像传输给显示模块700。在一些实施例中，显示模块700用于展示处理模块400处理过的图像。
在一些实施例中，输入模块600用于获取用于控制光源装置100的输入指令。例如，输入指令可以包括普通白光模式、特殊光模式和混合光模式中的任意一种光模式的工作指令。应当理解的是，本说明书中的“普通白光模式”指通过对光源装置100中的各个光源分量的比例控制，输出白光色调的照明光，通过内窥镜系统10获取活体组织的图像；“特殊光模式”指至少包含一种特殊光源，例如紫光光源或蓝光光源或绿光光源等。根据不同波长在活体组织中的入射深度不同，即波长越长，在活体组织入射深度越深，通过表层和中层不同深度血管的高吸收与粘膜的低吸收形成对比，通过内窥镜系统10得到不同深度血管的高对比度图像；“混合光模式”区别于普通白光模式和特殊光模式，指具有特殊光模式的部分光谱且具有普通白光模式的部分光谱，得到区别于普通白光模式和特殊光模式的光谱输出，通过内窥镜系统10实现兼顾活体组织整体轮廓和血管强调观察的图像。
在一些实施例中，光源装置100与控制模块500的第一端连接，控制模块500的第二端与输入模块600连接，控制模块500的第三端与处理模块400的第一端连接，处理模块400的第二端与摄像模组300连接。在一些实施例中，控制模块500可以用于根据输入指令中的光模式控制光源装置100发出的合成光的光模式。例如，当输入模块600接收的输入指令为普通白光模式、特殊光模式和混合光模式中的任意一种模式时，控制模块500基于输入指令中的光模式控制光源装置100发出的合成光的光模式，完成普通白光模式、混合光模式或特殊光模式多种照明光模式之间的切换。
在一些实施例中，控制模块500还可以调整光源装置100中各个光源的驱动电流(或电压)，调整各光源输出光通量的变化，或通过调节电流脉冲占空比(Pulse Width Modulation，PWM)改变光通量；或者控制光源装置100和摄像模组300的工作状态。例如，根据预设光通量比控制各光源的输出光通量比例达到相应的照明光模式；根据摄像模组300成像的亮暗水平整体调整各光源输出光通量大小；通过光源装置100中设置光电传感器实现输出照明光中各光源成分的实时反馈控制，从而维持照明光色调稳定性和光通量稳定性，提供摄像模组300所需的照明光，同时也简化了光量控制策略。
在一些实施例中，输入指令还可以包括启动降温和停止降温。输入模块400获取启动降温的输入指令后，控制模块500可以控制散热模块210启动。输入模块400获取停止降温的输入指令后，控制模块500可以控制散热模块210关闭。在一些实施例中，输入指令还可以包括处理模块600生成的自动控制信息。处理模块600生成自动控制信息后，处理模块600将自动控制信息发送给控制模块500，控制模块500可以根据自动控制信息执行相应的控制功能。自动控制信息至少可以包括自动控制第一合光模组103工作模式的控制信息、自动控制驱动电流的控制信息、自动控制散热模块210的控制信息中的一种或多种。
图2是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置100的示意图。图3是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置100的示意图。如图1所示，光源装置100可以包括至少两个光源(例如，所述至少两个光源包括第一光源101和至少一个第二光源102)以及第一合光模组103。如图2和图3所示，导光模组800与光源装置100连接，用于输出光源装置100生成的合成光。至少两个光源可以包括第一光源101和第二光源102。
在一些实施例中，第一光源101、至少一个第二光源102以及第一合光模组103可以可拆卸地设置在同一模块中，形成模块化的光源装置100，以便于根据需要更换、装卸不同的第一光源101、至少一个第二光源102或第一合光模组103。在一些实施例中，导光模组800可以与光源装置100可拆卸地连接。
光源装置100中的至少两个光源可以用于为内窥镜系统提供照明。在一些实施例中，两个光源可以包括第一光源101和至少一个第二光源102。第一光源101与至少两个第二光源102中的每个第二光源102发出不同频率范围的光。在一些实施例中，第一光源101可以包括窄带光源或短波段光源。这里的“窄带光源”可以指带宽小于50nm的光源；相应的，“窄波段”指带宽小于50nm的波段，大于50nm的波段可称为“宽波段”。“短波段光源”相对于所常用的照明光谱范围370nm-780nm中靠近短波段的部分。例如，短波段光源可以指波长在370nm-460nm范围内的光源。再例如，短波段光源可以指波长在400nm-610nm范围内的光源。再例如，短波段光源可以指波长在380nm-500nm范围内的光源。在一些实施例中，第一光源101的峰值波长在370nm-650nm范围内。例如，第一光源101可以包括峰值波长在370nm-430nm范围内的紫光光源、峰值波长在430nm-460nm范围内的蓝光光源(例如，窄带蓝光光源)、峰值波长在510nm-560nm范围内的绿光光源(例如，窄带绿光光源)、峰值波长在590nm-610nm范围内的琥珀色光源(例如，窄带琥珀色光源)、峰值波长在620nm-650nm范围内的红光光源(例如，窄带红光光源)中的一种，或任意组合。在一些实施例中，第二光源102作为第一光源的互补光源，与第一光源一起组合输出内窥镜所需照明光，如色温和显色指数匹配氙灯的白光。第二光源102可以是宽带光源或窄带光源，或宽带与窄带光源的组合。应当理解的是，这里的宽带光源相对于窄带光源，指带宽大于50nm的光源。仅作为示例，所述第一光源101可以为紫光光源、第二光源102可以为白光光源。
在一些实施例中，光源可以为固体光源。例如，光源可以采用LED(Light Emitting Diode)或LD(Light Emitting Diode)，或以LED或LD为激发光源的荧光型光源，如绿色荧光型LED或LD。在一些实施例中，第一光源101的发射光可以属于窄带光谱范围。例如，第一光源101可以为紫光光源，带宽小于等于20nm。再例如，第一光源101的发射光可以本身不属于窄带光谱范围，而是经过滤光片的过滤，从而得到了窄带光谱。例如，第一光源101可以为带宽约100nm的绿光光源，经窄带滤波后达到小于等于50nm的窄带绿光。在一些实施例中，当窄带光源发出光束的带宽大于内窥镜系统所需的光源的带宽时，所述窄带光源发出的光束可以进行窄波化处理，以获得内窥镜系统所需的带宽。例如，可以在窄带光源与第一合光模组103之间设置滤光片进行窄带滤波，以获得内窥镜系统所需的光源，进一步地，所述滤光片可以由切入切出结构控制，实现宽带光和窄带光两种带宽输出。
第一合光模组103可以用于将至少两个光源产生的至少两种光束进行光路集成后输出合成光。在一些实施例中，第一合光模组103可以包括一个或多个合光元件。所述一个或多个合光元件可以设置于导光模组800和至少两个光源之间。在一些实施例中，第一合光模组103可以包括合光元件，用于反射部分波段的光束且透过另一波段的光束，合光元件可以在不同的位置进行排列组合以控制光束的路径。例如，一个或多个合光元件可以包括二向色镜(例如，长波通二向色镜、短波通二向色镜或带通二向色镜)、合光棱镜等。在一些实施例中，第一合光模组103可以包括至少一个合光元件。如图2所示，第一合光模组103可以包括第一合光元件201。如图3所示，第一合光模组103可以包括第一合光元件201和第二合光元件202。
在一些实施例中，第一光源101包括窄带光源或短波段光源。在一些实施例中，为了增加窄带光源或短波段光源的光通量，可以减少窄带光源或短波段光源的反射光路；同时为了使光源装置100的内部组件易于装调，可以将第一光源101(即窄带光源或短波段光源)发出的光源进行直接透射。例如，如图2和图3所示，第一合光元件201可以设置于所述导光模组800和所述第一光源101之间，用于将第一光束进行透射形成第一透射光。第一光束属于窄带光谱或短波段光谱范围。在一些实施例中，所述第一光束与所述第一光源101相关。本说明书中的“第一光束与所述第一光源101相关”指第一光束与所述第一光源101的发射光相关。例如，当第一光源101为窄带光源或短波段光源时，所述第一光束可以为第一光源101直接发射出的光，即所述第一光束属于窄带光谱或短波段光谱范围。再例如，当第一光源101为宽带光谱时，所述第一光束可以为第一光源101发射出的光经过窄带滤波后形成的窄带光谱或短波段光谱。在一些实施例中，可以将第一光束经第一合光元件201进行直接透射，无反射光路折转，经过导光模组800传输到达受测组织，因此，第一光源101的光学传输效率不容易受装配精度的影响，从而能够达到较高的光学效率，解决第一光束由于窄带特性导致的光量不足，或者导光模组传输的短波波段的光的透过率衰减的问题，提高第一光束的光通量。
在一些实施例中，如图2或图3所示，第一合光元件201还用于将所述至少一个第二光源102发出的至少一个第二光束形成第一反射光，并将所述第一反射光和所述第一透射光进行合成形成合成光，以由所述导光模组800将所述合成光传输至受测组织。在一些实施例中，当至少一个第二光源102只包括一个第二光源102时，第一合光元件201用于将所述第二光源102发出的第二光束进行反射形成第一反射光(如图2所示)。在一些实施例中，当至少一个第二光源102包括两个或两个以上第二光源102时，第二合光元件202用于将所述多个第二光源102发出的多个第二光束先进行合光后，再由第一合光元件201进行反射形成第一反射光(如图4、图9、图12-19以及图22所示)。
在一些实施例中，第一合光模组103可以包括第一合光元件201和至少一个第二合光元件202。当至少一个第二光源102的数量N为至少两个时，第一合光模组103可以包括至少N-1个第二合光元件202。其中，每个第二合光元件202用于将各所述第二光源102发出的第二光束进行反射和/或透射后依次进行合光，形成入射至所述第一合光元件201进行反射的第一入射光。在一些实施例中，如图4所示，至少一个第二光源102的数量为三个(包括第二光源1021、第二光源1022和第二光源1023)时，第一合光模组103包括两个第二合光元件202(如图4所示，第二合光元件2021和第二合光元件2022)。其中，第二合光元件2021用于将第二光源1021和第二光源1022发出的光束分别进行透射和反射后进行合光、第二合光元件2022用于将第二合光元件2021合成的光和第二光源1023的光分别进行反射和透射后进行合光，形成入射至第一合光元件201的第一入射光。在一些实施例中，第一合光模组103可以只包括一个第二合光元件202。如图3所示，第一合光模组103可以包括第一合光元件201和一个第二合光元件202。第二合光元件202设置于第一合光元件201和第二光源102之间，所述第二合光元件将第二光源102发出的第二光束经过反射后入射至第一合光元件201。第一合光元件201将第二光源102的第二光束与第一光束进行合光，形成合成光，传输给导光模组800。在一些实施例中，第一合光模组103还可以只包括第一合光元件201，而不包括第二合光元件。例如，如图1所示，当光源装置100只包括一个第二光源102时，第一合光模组103可以只包括一个第一合光元件102，用于将第一光源101和第二光源102发出的光束分别进行透射和反射后进行合光。多个第二合光元件202的光源装置100可以参见本说明书图4、图9、图12-19以及图22的相关描述。
在一些实施例中，当第一光源101为发射短波光谱的紫光光源时，至少一个第二光源102的峰值波长比所述紫光光源的峰值波长更长，第一合光元件201为短波通二向色镜。在一些实施例中，当第一光源101为发射窄带光谱的红光光源时，至少一个第二光源102的峰值波长比所述红光光源的峰值波长更短，第一合光元件为长波通二向色镜。长波通二向色镜或短波通二向色镜相对于带通二向色镜的镀膜层数少，需要的镀膜时间短，因此，当第一合光元件201和/或至少一个第二合光元件202为长波通二向色镜或短波通二向色镜时，第一合光模组103中二向色镜的镀膜工艺简单，生产成本低。同时，利用长波通二向色镜或短波通二向色镜实现短波或长波截止，达到合成光光谱中来源于各光源(例如， 第一光源101和至少一个第二光源102)的各色光谱之间相互独立，便于简化光谱和光通量的控制策略，更好的实现照明光色调和光通量稳定性控制。
在一些实施例中，当第一光源101为发射短波光谱的紫光光源且至少一个第二光源102的数量N为至少两个时，N个第二光源102的峰值波长均比紫光光源的峰值波长更长。其中被所述第二合光元件202反射的第二光源102发出的第二光束的峰值波长比被所述第二合光元件202透射的第二光源102发出的第二光束的峰值波长更长，在第二合光元件202处完成合光，此时第二合光元件202为短波通二向色镜。
在一些实施例中，当第一光源101为发射窄带光谱的红光光源且至少一个第二光源102的数量N为至少两个时，N个第二光源102的峰值波长均比红光光源的峰值波长更短。其中被所述第二合光元件202反射的第二光源102发出的第二光束的峰值波长比被所述第二合光元件202透射的第二光源102发出的第二光束的峰值波长更短，在第二合光元件202处完成合光，此时第二合光元件202为长波通二向色镜。
在一些实施例中，当第一光源101为窄带蓝光光源、窄带绿光光源、窄带琥珀色光源和窄带红光光源中的任意一种光源时，第一合光元件201或所述至少一个第二合光元件202可以为长波通二向色镜、短波通二向色镜或带通二向色镜。
在一些实施例中，当第一合光模组103中包含多个合光元件时，可以对每个合光元件的摆放角度进行设置，以节省装配空间，实现装配工艺性的同时实现结构紧凑化。例如，至少一个第二合光元件202中每个第二合光元件202与第一合光元件201之间的第一夹角可以小于第一预设角度。应当理解的是，本说明书中两个合光元件之间的夹角指两个合光元件的合光面所在平面形成的锐角或直角。例如，当第一合光元件201和至少一个第二和光元件202为二向色镜时，每个第二合光元件202与第一合光元件201之间的第一夹角为两个二向色镜的合光面所在的平面形成的锐角或直角。再例如，当第一合光元件201和至少一个第二和光元件202为合光棱镜时，每个第二合光元件202与第一合光元件201之间的第一夹角为两个合光棱镜的合光面所在平面形成的锐角或直角。在一些实施例中，第一预设角度可以为5°，10°，15°，20°等。至少一个第二合光元件202中每个第二合光元件202与第一合光元件201之间的第一夹角可以小于第一预设角度，使每个合光元件在空间上相互平行或趋于平行，因此可以避免装配空间的相互干涉，实现装配工艺性的同时实现结构紧凑化。
在一些实施例中，第一合光元件201与所述第一合光元件201所在光轴之间的第二夹角大于等于第二预设角度且小于等于第三预设角度。在一些实施例中，至少一个第二合光元件202中的每个第二合光元件202与所述第二合光元件202所在光轴之间的第三夹角大于等于第四预设角度且小于等于第五预设角度。应当理解的是，本说明书中合光元件与光轴之间的夹角指合光元件的合光面与所述合光元件所在的光轴之间的锐角夹角。如图3所示，第一合光元件201与所述第一合光元件201所在光轴之间的第二夹角为夹角a，第二合光元件202中的与所述第二合光元件202所在光轴之间的第三夹角为夹角b。在一些实施例中，第二预设角度、第三预设角度、第四预设角度和/或第五预设角度可以为30°，40°，45°，50°，60°等。在一些实施例中，第二预设角度、第三预设角度、第四预设角度和第五预设角度可以为四个任意不相同的角度。例如，第二预设角度可以为30°、第三预设角度可以为50°、第四预设角度可以为40°，第五预设角度可以为50°。在一些实施例中，第二预设角度和第四预设角度可以相同。例如，第二预设角度和第四预设角度可以都为40°。在一些实施例中，第三预设角度和第五预设角度可以相同。例如，第三预设角度和第五预设角度可以都为50°。
在一些实施例中，第一合光元件201和/或至少一个第二合光元件202还可以用于将对应第一光源101或/和第二光源102的发出的第一光束或第二光束进行合光的同时，对其进行长波截止滤波、短波截止滤波或窄带滤波。例如，第一合光元件201和/或至少一个第二合光元件202中的二向色镜可以不但具有合光作用，还能够对对应的光源发出的光进行长波截止滤波、短波截止滤波或窄带滤波，因此简化了内窥镜系统10，降低了成本。
在一些实施例中，当第一光源101或/和第二光源102包括蓝色光源时，对应的第一合光元件201或第二合光元件202可以对蓝色光源发射光中的蓝色波段进行长波截止。例如，第一合光元件201或第二合光元件202中的二向色镜的过渡区波长范围可以为450nm-470nm，且二向色镜能够截止蓝色波段中光谱中大于460nm的波长。示例性的，蓝色光源为能够发出蓝色波段B光的B-LED，具有430nm～460nm的峰值波长。例如，其峰值波长可以为430nm～450nm，其波长范围可以为窄带，带宽约为20nm或30nm。通过460nm以下光谱对表层或浅表层血管与粘膜的反射率差异较大，可以提高表层血管与粘膜的对比度。
在一些实施例中，当第一光源101或/和第二光源102包括绿色光源(例如，绿色光源由蓝色LED激发荧光体而发射绿光，绿色光源的发射光光谱包括绿色波段光谱和蓝色激发光)时，第一合光元 件201或第二合光元件202中的二向色镜能够对绿色光源发射光中的蓝色激发光进行短波截止，且该二向色镜能够截止绿色光源中光谱小于460nm的波长。示例性的，绿色光源包括由蓝色LED激发荧光体而发射绿光,即荧光型G_LED，该蓝色LED具有峰值波长位于410～440nm的蓝色激发光，由蓝色激发光激发荧光物质产生绿光，少量蓝色激发光不被荧光物质吸收而直接透射，即荧光型G_LED发光光谱除包含绿色波段光谱，还包含少量蓝色激发光，相对于本身发光为绿色的LED，荧光型绿色LED更容易实现高输出光功率。
在一些实施例中，当第一光源101或/和第二光源102包括紫色光源时，对应的第一合光元件201或第二合光元件202中的二向色镜能够对紫色波段进行长波截止或窄带滤波。例如，二向色镜能够对紫色波段中波长高于410nm长波段截止，或二向色镜能够对紫色波段中以波长405nm为中心进行±10nm的窄带滤波。示例性的，第一光源101或/和第二光源102包括发出紫色到蓝色区域波段UV光的UV_LED，该二向色镜具有过渡区波长约为400nm-420nm，能够截止UV_LED的光谱中大于410nm波长成分，对UV_LED的光谱长波进行截止滤波。例如，二向色镜具有405±10nm的带通特性，对UV_LED的光谱以405nm为中心进行±10nm的窄带滤波，消除LED个体差异性(例如不同批次的LED峰值波长偏差)，更好将照明光谱限制在血红蛋白高吸收波段，来增加表层血管与粘膜的对比度。
在一些实施例中，为了使光源装置100发出的合成光从设计和装调两方面达到较高的光学效率，可以对第一光源101和/或至少一个第二光源102的光路进行设计。例如，第一光源101和导光模组800之间可以只包括一个合光元件(即第一合光元件201)，为了补偿窄波段光谱由于窄带滤波导致的光量不足，或者导光束在短波段的透过率衰减，实现内窥镜系统10近距离及中远距离观察时特定光谱充足的亮度，后续成像过程中使得图像具有较高的对比度，所述第一光源101(即窄带光源或短波段光源)与所述导光模组800的入光口之间的光路距离可以小于或等于所述至少一个第二光源102中每个第二光源与所述入光口之间的光路距离。应当理解的是，光源与入光口之间的光路距离指光源发出的光束到达入光口时所经过路径的总长度。如图2所示，第一光源101(即窄带光源或短波段光源)与所述导光模组800的入光口之间的光路距离L1可以小于第二光源102与所述入光口之间的光路距离(L2+L3)。如图3所示，第一光源101(即窄带光源或短波段光源)与所述导光模组800的入光口之间的光路距离L1可以小于第二光源102与所述入光口之间的光路距离(L2+L3+L4)。将第一光源101与导光模组800的入光口之间的光路距离设置成最短的光路距离可以使得第一光源101的光学传输效率高，进一步提高第一光束的光通量，而且易于装调，从装调和设计两方面达到较高的光学效率。
图4是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置100的结构示意图。如图4所示，光源装置100可以包括第一光源101、三个第二光源102以及第一合光模组103。导光模组800与光源装置100连接，用于输出光源装置100生成的合成光。三个第二光源102可以包括光源1021，光源1022和光源1023。第一合光模组103包括第一合光元件201和至少一个第二合光元件202。如图4所示，至少一个第二合光元件202可以包括合光元件2021和合光元件2022。
如图4所示，与第一光源101相关的第一光束经过第一合光元件201的透射形成第一透射光。第二光源102的光源1021发出的第二光束经过第二合光元件202的透射(即经过合光元件2021透射)和反射(即经过合光元件2022反射)以及第二光源102的光源1022发出的第二光束经过第二合光元件202的透射(即经过合光元件2022透射)后形成第一反射光。第一合光元件201将第一反射光和第一透射光进行合成形成合成光。合成光可以进入到导光模组800内并传输至受测组织。在一些实施例中，第一光源101包括窄带光源或短波段光源。
图5是根据本申请一些实施例所示的各光源的示例性光谱曲线示意图，L1、L2、L3和L4分别代表第一光源101、光源1021、光源1022和光源1023的光谱曲线。具体地，第一光源101可以为发出紫色到蓝色区域波段UV光的UV_LED，光源1021、光源1022和光源1023分别为发出蓝色波段B光的蓝光光源B-LED、绿色波段G光的绿光光源G-LED、红色波段R光的红光光源R-LED，其中，UV_LED发出的UV光的峰值波长小于B-LED发出的B光峰值波长。
在一些实施例中，由于血红蛋白对405nm-415nm波段光谱具强吸收的特性，第一光源101可以是具有405nm～415nm的峰值波长的UV-LED，其波长范围为窄带，带宽在15nm-25nm范围内。例如，带宽约为20nm。根据UV-LED的高散射和强吸收的特点，用于描绘近表层或浅表层附近血管形态。
在一些实施例中，第二光源102中的光源1021(蓝光光源)可以具有430nm-460nm的峰值波长。例如，光源1021(蓝光光源)的峰值波长可以为430nm-450nm。在一些实施例中，通过表层血管与粘膜反射率差异在观察图像上形成二者的区分，光源1021放入波长范围优选为窄带，带宽在15nm-25nm范围内。例如，光源1021的带宽约为20nm。在一些实施例中，UV_LED或B_LED发出的光可能不满足带宽要求，此时可以在其准直光路中设置窄带滤光片来达到带宽要求。
在一些实施例中，光源1022(绿光光源)可以具有510nm～560nm的峰值波长，其带宽可以为 宽带。例如，光源1022的带宽可以在90nm-110nm范围内。例如，光源1022的带宽可以约为100nm。在一些实施例中，光源1022可以为由蓝色LED激发荧光体而发射绿光，即荧光型G_LED。在一些实施例中，蓝色LED具有峰值波长位于410nm～440nm的蓝色激发光，由蓝色激发光激发荧光物质产生绿光，少量蓝色激发光不被荧光物质吸收而直接透射，即光源1022发光光谱除包含绿色波段光谱，还包含少量蓝色激发光，相对于本身发光为绿色的LED，荧光型绿色LED更容易实现高输出光功率。
在一些实施例，光源1023(红光光源)可以具有610nm-640nm峰值波长，其波长范围可以为窄带。例如，光源1023的带宽可以在15nm-25nm范围内。例如，光源1023的带宽可以约为20nm。
图6根据本申请一些实施例所示的示例性第一合光元件的透过率光谱图。以第一合光元件201为二向色镜为例，图6中示出的第一合光元件201具有过渡区波长约为410nm-430nm的短波通特性，可以反射光源1021、光源1022和光源1023的光束中高于420nm且透射第一光源101低于420nm的光谱成分。
图7是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性第二合光元件(合光元件2021)的透过率光谱图。以第二合光元件202中的合光元件2021为二向色镜为例，图7中示出的7合光元件2021具有过渡区波长约为460nm-480nm的短波通特性，可以反射光源1022的光束中高于470nm且透射光源1021的光束中低于470nm的光谱成分。
图8是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性第二合光元件(合光元件2022)的透过率光谱图。以第二合光元件202中的合光元件2022为二向色镜为例，图8中示出的合光元件2022具有过渡区波长约为590nm-610nm的长波通特性，可以反射光源1021和光源1022的光束中低于600nm且透射的光源1023光的光束中高于600nm的光谱成分。
结合图4-图8，将第一合光元件201和第二合光元件202(合光元件2021和合光元件2022)进行结合，可得，合光元件2021透射光源1021发出的光束、反射光源1022发出的光束得到合光光束A1；合光元件2022透射光源1023发出的光束、反射合光光束A1得到合光光束A2；第一合光元件201透射第一光源101发出的光束，反射合光光束A2，形成包含第一光源101和光源1021、光源1022、光源1023输出光谱成分的合成光，以由导光模组800将合成光传输至受测组织。结合图5-图8中的第一合光元件201和第二合光元件202的透过率，各光源经过第一合光元件201和各第二合光元件最终得到相互独立的光谱成分，分别为小于等于410nm的紫色光谱、大于410nm小于470nm的蓝色光谱、大于470nm小于600nm的绿色光谱以及大于600nm的红色光谱。
在一些实施例中，可以将上述光源101(紫色光源)、光源1021(蓝光光源)、光源1022(绿光光源)和光源1023(红光光源)以特定比例混合输出满足需求的普通白光照明，可以用于生成表层粘膜的轮廓图像。在一些实施例中，以第一光源101(紫光光源)或光源1021(蓝光光源)的光谱为主要光谱的特殊光照明，可以用于表层和中层血管强调观察。在一些实施例中，混合普通白光照明与特殊光照明，即适当提高普通白光照明中第一光源101(紫光光源)或光源1021(蓝光光源)的光谱成分，可以得到兼顾表层组织整体轮廓和血管强调观察的图像。
在一些实施例中，除了上述图4所提供的示例性光源装置的结构以外，还可以更改光源之间的合光顺序，将光源装置100在长度和宽度方向上进行调整，实现优化的空间布局。图9是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图。如图9所示，相对图4所示的光源装置，光源装置100整体上在水平方向上长度减小，在竖直方向上长度增加。本说明书中光源装置100的长度指在相应方向上，光源装置100的两个组件之间的最大距离。
如图9所示，光源装置100可以包括第一光源101、三个第二光源102以及第一合光模组103。导光模组800与光源装置100连接，用于输出光源装置100生成的合成光。三个第二光源102可以包括光源1021，光源1022和光源1023。第一合光模组103包括第一合光元件201和至少一个第二合光元件202。如图9所示，至少一个第二合光元件202可以包括合光元件2023和合光元件2024。
如图9所示，与第一光源101相关的第一光束经过第一合光元件201的透射形成第一透射光。第二光源102的光源1021发出的第二光束经过第二合光元件202的反射(即经过合光元件2024反射)、第二光源102的光源1022发出的第二光束经过第二合光元件202的透射(即分别经过合光元件2023和合光元件2024透射)、第一光源102的光源1023发出的第三光束经过第二合光元件202反射(即经过合光元件2024反射)后形成第一反射光。第一合光元件201将第一反射光和第一透射光进行合成形成合成光。合成光可以进入到导光模组800内并传输至受测组织。在一些实施例中，第一光源101包括窄带光源或短波段光源。例如，光源1021为蓝光光源，光源1023为红光光源，光源1022为绿光光源，第一光源101为紫色光源。如图9所示，光源1021(蓝光光源)和光源1023(红光光源)的光轴与输出光的光轴平行，光源1022(绿光光源)的光轴与输出光的光轴垂直。
图10是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性第二合光元件(合光元件2023)的透过率光谱 图。以合光元件2023为二向色镜为例，合光元件2023可以具有过渡区波长约为590nm-610nm的短波通特性，可以透射光源1022(绿光光源)的光束中小于600nm的光谱成分，反射光源1023(红光光源)的光束中大于600nm的光谱成分。
图11是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性第二合光元件(合光元件2024)的透过率光谱图。以合光元件2024为二向色镜为例，合光元件2024具有过渡区波长约为460nm-480nm的长波通特性，可以透射光源1022(绿光光源)和光源1023(红光光源)的光束中大于470nm的光谱成分，反射光源1021(蓝光光源)的光束中小于470nm的光谱成分。
根据上述图6第一合光元件201的透过率光谱图可知，第一合光元件201具有过渡区波长约为410nm-430nm的短波通特性。第一合光元件201反射光源1021(蓝光光源)、光源1022(绿光光源)和光源1023(红光光源)的光束中高于420nm的光束且透射第一光源101低于420nm的光谱成分。结合上述图6以及图9-11，可知各光源经过第一合光元件201、第二合光元件202中的合光元件2023和第二合光元件2024最终得到相互独立的光谱成分，分别为小于等于420nm的紫光光谱、大于420nm小于470nm的蓝光光谱、大于470nm小于600nm的绿光光谱以及大于600nm的红光光谱。
在一些实施例中，如图2-4和图9所示，第一光源101的光轴与导光模组800的输出光的光轴同轴。由于第一光源101为窄带光源或短波光源，第一光源101的光轴与导光模组800的输出光的光轴同轴的设置可以拉开光路空间设置滤光片，实现第一光源101的窄带光或短波光观察。
在一些实施例中，如图9所示，第二光源102中的光源1021和光源1023的光轴与导光模组800的输出光的光轴平行，便于在光源1021或/和光源1023的光轴方向上设置滤光片，对光源1021或/和光源1023发出的第二光束进行窄带滤波，实现光源1021或/和光源1023的窄带光观察。
图12是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图。图12所示的光源装置100与图9所示的光源装置100的区别在于，合光模组还包括一个或多个准直透镜203。在一些实施例中，一个或多个准直透镜203中的其中一个可以设置于第一光源101和第一合光元件201之间，用于将第一光束变为平行光束或近似平行光束入射到第一合光元件201。可选地或附加地，一个或多个准直透镜203中的其中一个可以设置于第二光源102(例如，光源1021、光源1022或光源1023)和相应的第二合光元件202(例如，合光元件2023或合光元件2024)之间，用于将第二光束变为平行光束或近似平行光束入射到第二合光元件202。例如，一个准直透镜203可以设置于光源1021和相应的第二合光元件202，即合光元件2024之间。再例如，一个准直透镜203可以设置于光源1022和相应的第二合光元件202，即合光元件2023之间。再例如，一个准直透镜203可以设置于光源1023和相应的第二合光元件202，即合光元件2023之间。应当理解的是，本说明书中的平行光束或近似平行光束可以为各个光线之间相互平行或近似平行(例如，光线之间的夹角在5°范围内)的光束。
在一些实施例中，当第一光源101发出的是发散性的光束，可以在第一光源101和第一合光元件201之间设置准直透镜203，将第一光束变为平行光束入射到第一合光元件201，在各第二光源102和相对应的第二合光元件202之间设置准直透镜203，将第二光束变为平行光束入射到第二合光元件202，可以利用二向色镜等合光元件完成光路集成。
图13是根据本申请的一些实施例中所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图。图13所示的光源装置100与图12所示的光源装置100的区别在于，光源装置100还包括一个或多个导光部件209。在一些实施例中，一个或多个导光部件209中的其中一个可以设置于第一光源101和第一合光元件201之间，用于将第一光束传输至第一合光元件201。可选地或附加地，一个或多个导光部件209中的其中一个可以设置于第二光源102(例如，光源1021、光源1022或光源1023)和相应的第二合光元件202(例如，合光元件2023或合光元件2024)之间，用于将第二光束传输至第二合光元件202。可选地或附加地，一个或多个导光部件209中的其中一个可以设置于第一合光元件201和所述导光模组800之间，用于将合成光传输至导光模组800。应当理解的，本说明书中与光源“相应的”合光元件指光源发出的光第一个经过的合光元件。如图13所示，光源1021相应的第二合光元件202指合光元件2021；光源1022相应的第二合光元件202指合光元件2021；光源1023相应的第二合光元件202指合光元件2022。
在一些实施例中，导光部件209可以是有多根光纤组成的导光束，或导光棒，或导光束和导光棒的组合形式。其中导光棒入光面尺寸可以大于等于出光面尺寸。当导光棒入光面尺寸大于出光面尺寸，导光棒可以为锥形导光棒。
在一些实施例中，在第一光源101和第一合光元件201之间、第二光源102和对应的第二合光元件202之间设置导光部件209。如图13所示，可以将导光部件209设置在第一光源101和准直透镜203之间和/或第二光源102(例如，光源1021、光源1022或光源1023)和对应的准直透镜203之间，例如第一光源101或第二光源102为激光光源，所述导光部件209为锥形导光棒，将激光光源的发散角进行放大。
在一些实施例中，导光部件209还可以设置于第一合光元件201和导光模组800之间，用于将合成光传输至导光模组800。如图11所示，可以将导光部件209设置在聚焦透镜207和导光模组800之间，使得入射到导光部件209的非均匀分布的光束进行匀光化，得到均匀分布的出射光进入导光模组800。
在一些实施例中，第一光源101和第二光源102根据导光束(导光光纤)自由弯曲的特性，可以由固定的位置变更为其他的优化的任意空间位置，便于第一光源101和第二光源102获得更好的散热效果；进一步地，一方面导光棒或者锥形导光棒起到匀光效果，另一方面，锥形导光棒对光束的发光面积和发光角度进行变换，以更高的光学效率将第一光源发射光输出到后续第一合光元件201，或者以更高的光学效率将第一合光元件201输出的合成光入射到后续导光模组800；或者导光部件209结合导光束(导光光纤)或导光棒，兼顾两者的效果。
图14是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图。图14所示的光源装置100与图12所示的光源装置100的区别在于，合光模组还包括第一滤光片205和/或一个或多个第二滤光片206。在一些实施例中，第一滤光片205可以设置于第一光源101与第一合光元件201之间，用于透过第一光束(或第一光源的发射光)中第一目标波段的光束。例如，第一滤光片205可以设置于准直透镜203和第一合光元件201之间。可选地或附加地，一个或多个第二滤光片206中的其中一个可以设置于第二光源102(例如，光源1021、光源1022或光源1023)与相应的第二合光元件202(例如，合光元件2021或合光元件2022)之间，用于透过第二光束中第二目标波段的光束。例如，第二滤光片206可以设置于第二光源102(例如，光源1021、光源1022或光源1023)对应的第二准直透镜203和对应的第二合光元件202(例如，合光元件2021或合光元件2022)之间。在一些实施例中，光源装置100还可以包括滤光片切入切出模组。滤光片切入切出模组包括滤光片，用于实现滤光片切入和切出模式的转换。滤光片的切入模式指光经过滤光片后出射，滤光片的切出模式指光不经过滤光片而直接出射。在滤光片切入和切出模式下，滤光片位置处输出的光的带宽不同。例如，在滤光片切入模式下，滤光片位置处输出的光是经窄带滤波后的光；在滤光片切出模式下，滤光片位置处输出的光是没有经窄带滤波的光。
在一些实施例中，在第一光源101(紫光光源)和第一合光元件201之间设置的第一滤光片205的波长范围可以为窄带带宽约为20nm的滤光片，得到第一目标波段为390nm-410nm，用来描绘近表层或浅表层附近血管形态。
在一些实施例中，第二光源102(蓝光光源)可以具有430nm-460nm的峰值波长，因此，在第二光源102(蓝光光源)和第二合光元件202之间设置窄带带宽约为20nm的第二滤光片206，得到第二目标波段430nm-450nm，通过表层血管与粘膜反射率差异在观察图像上形成二者的区分。在一些实施例中，第一目标波段和/或第二目标波段的具体设置根据实际中对受测组织进行观察的需求设定。
在一些实施例中，第二光源102(绿光光源)优选地具有510nm-560nm的峰值波长，其带宽可选择为90nm-110nm范围内的宽带。例如，第二光源102(绿光光源)的带宽约为100nm。在一些实施例中，第二光源102(绿光光源)为由蓝色LED激发荧光体而发射绿光的光源。例如，蓝色LED具有峰值波长位于410nm-440nm的蓝色激发光，由蓝色激发光激发荧光物质产生绿光，少量蓝色激发光不被荧光物质吸收而直接透射，即第二光源102(绿光光源)的发光光谱除包含绿色波段光谱，还包含少量蓝色激发光，相对于本身发光为绿色的LED，荧光型绿色LED更容易实现高输出光功率。
在一些实施例中，如图14所示，合光模组还包括聚焦透镜207。在一些实施例中，聚焦透镜207可以设置于第一合光元件201与导光模组800之间，用于将合成光进行聚焦得到耦合进入导光模组的800的聚焦光束。在一些实施例中，聚焦透镜207将合成光进行汇聚，在出光口形成具有一定孔径角的聚焦光束，聚焦光束经耦合进入导光模组800。
图15A是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图。图15A所示的光源装置100与图14所示的光源装置100的区别在于，光源装置100还包括至少一个光通量测量模组208。在一些实施例中，每个光通量测量模组208可以包括分束镜2081和分束镜2081相对应的光电传感器2082。在一些实施例中，分束镜2081可以设置于第一光源101与第一合光元件201之间，用于对第一光束进行分束反射得到第三光束，第三光束入射至与分束镜2081相对应的光电传感器2082。可选地或附加地，分束镜2081可以设置于各第二光源102(例如，光源1021、光源1022或光源1023)与各第二光源102相对应的第二合光元件202(例如，合光元件2021或合光元件2022)之间，用于对第二光束进行分束反射得到第四光束，第四光束入射至与分束镜2081相对应的光电传感器2082。光电传感器2082，用于检测入射到所述光电传感器2082中的第三光束和/或第四光束的光通量。
在一些实施例中，分束镜2081设置于第一光源101与第一合光元件201之间，并与所在光轴呈现一定的夹角。若第一光源101与第一合光元件201之间包括有其他元器件，例如，准直透镜203、 第一滤光片205等，分束镜2081可以设置在第一滤光片205和第一合光元件201之间，将第一光束进行分束处理得到第三光束，第三光束入射至与分束镜2081相对应的光电传感器2082，光电传感器2082对入射至光电传感器2082光敏面上的第三光束进行检测，得到第三光束的检测光量。
在一些实施例中，设置至少一个光通量测量模组可以结合控制部实现各光源输出光通量的实时反馈控制，同时结合长波通二向色镜或短波通二向色镜，相互独立的各色输出光谱，所述光通量测量光路中设置滤光片，截止非有效输出光谱部分，实现与输出光中各光源输出光谱一致或近似的测量光谱，通过各光源的光量检测与光量输出强相关的对应关系，保证所述光量检测的准确度，从而维持照明光色调稳定性和光通量稳定性，同时也简化了光量控制策略。
在一些实施例中，为了避免产生装配空间的干涉，进一步提升装配工艺性和结构紧凑化，分束镜2081的反射面与所在光轴呈现的夹角可以为50°～70°的夹角。例如，分束镜2081与对应的第一合光元件201可以趋向于平行。在一些实施例，为了避免产生装配空间的干涉，进一步提升装配工艺性和结构紧凑化，分束镜2081和与之对应的第一合光元件201或第二合光元件202之间的夹角可以小于第六预设角度。第六预设角度可以为15°。例如，第一合光元件201与光轴夹角可以为45°，分束镜2081与光轴夹角可以为60°，二者呈15°夹角，匹配光电传感器2082的空间设置获得最优的空间布局，进一步提升装配工艺性和结构紧凑化。需要说明的是，分束镜2081进行分束处理时，分束镜2081的分光比例≤10％，一方面获得足够的检测光量，另一方面避免过多地减少进入后续光路进行集成的有效照明光量，从而造成光通量的降低。
在一些实施例中，设置在第二光源102与相应第二合光元件202之间的分束镜2081的具体设置位置可参见对第一光源101与第一合光元件201之间的分束镜2081的设置，用于对第二光束进行分束反射得到第四光束，第四光束入射至与分束镜2081相对应的光电传感器2082。光电传感器2082，用于得到第四光束的检测光量。
在一些实施例中，分束镜2081还可以替换为分光板或其他具有分束特性的光学元件。光电传感器2082可以为光电二级管(Photo-Diode，PD)，也可以替换为其他类型的光通量测量模组，本申请实施例对此不做限制。
图15B是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图。图15C是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图。图15B和图15C所示的光源装置100与图14所示的光源装置100的光路和光学器件相同，区别在于不包括滤光片。应当理解的是，图中所示的光学器件仅为示例，并不限定光源装置中包含的光学器件，光源装置中可以包括不同附图中多种光学器件的组合。结合图15B和图15C所示，第一合光元件201、第二合光元件202中的合光元件2021和合光元件2021分别为第一二向色镜、第二二向色镜和第三二向色镜。第二光源102中的光源1021的发射光经过第三二向色镜上的第二光学面2021A分束后进入到第一光电传感器81中。第二光源102中的光源1023的发射光经过第二二向色镜上的第二光学面2022B分束后进入到第三光电传感器83中。第一光源101的发射光经过第一二向色镜上的第二光学面201A分束后进入到第四光电传感器84中。第二光源102中的光源1022的发射光经过第三二向色镜上的第一光学面2021B透射后能够进入到第二光电传感器82中。第二光源102中的光源1023的发射光还可以经过第二二向色镜上的第一光学面2022A透射传输，继而经过第一二向色镜上的第一光学面201B透射得到检测光束，进入到对应的第三光电传感器83中进行测量。其中，第一光电传感器81、第二光电传感器82、第三光电传感器83和第四光电传感器84为光电二级管(Photo-Diode，PD)，也可以替换为其他类型的光通量测量模组。
在一些实施例中，第二光源102中的光源1021为发出紫色到蓝色区域波段UV光的UV_LED，第二光源102中的光源1022为蓝色波段B光的B_LED，第二光源102中的光源1023为绿色波段G光的G_LED，第一光源101为红色波段R光的R_LED。其中，UV_LED，根据血红蛋白对405nm～415nm波段光谱具强吸收的特性，优选地具有405nm～415nm的峰值波长，其波长范围优选为窄带，带宽约为20nm，根据其高散射和强吸收的特点，用于描绘近表层或浅表层附近血管形态；B_LED，优选地具有430nm～460nm的峰值波长，进一步地，其峰值波长优选为430nm～450nm，通过表层血管与粘膜反射率差异在观察图像上形成二者的区分，其波长范围优选为窄带，带宽约为20nm；G_LED，优选地具有510nm～560nm的峰值波长，其带宽可选择为宽带，如带宽约为100nm，且G_LED为荧光型LED；R_LED，优选地具有600nm～640nm峰值波长，其波长范围优选为窄带，带宽约为20nm。
在一些实施例中，第二光源102中的光源1023为由蓝色LED激发荧光体而发射绿光，即荧光型G_LED，其中蓝色LED具有峰值波长位于410nm～440nm的蓝色激发光，由蓝色激发光激发荧光物质产生绿光，少量蓝色激发光不被荧光物质吸收而直接透射，所以第二光源102中的光源1023发光光谱除包含绿色波段光谱，还包含少量蓝色激发光，相对于本身发光为绿色的LED，荧光型绿色LED更容易实现高输出光功率。
在一些实施例中，第二二向色镜上的第一光学面2022A实现G_LED发射光中短波段的蓝色激光光的截止滤波，阻止蓝色激发光进入后续光路，其输出照明光中G_LED与B_LED分量光谱波段几乎互不重叠，通过独立地进行各色光谱成分的比例调整，简化光谱和光通量的控制策略，实现高精度的照明光色调和光通量稳定性控制。
在一些实施例中，第二光源102中的光源1021、第二光源102中的光源1022、第二光源102中的光源1023以及第一光源101的光谱曲线如图5所示，光谱L1对应UV_LED紫外光光谱，光谱L2对应B_LED蓝光光谱，光谱L3对应G_LED蓝色激发光与(荧光型)绿光的混合光光谱，光谱L4对应R_LED红光光谱。
结合图5和图15B，第三二向色镜上的第一光学面2021B，具有过渡区波长约为410nm-430nm的短波通特性，用于透射UV_LED低于420nm且反射B_LED高于420nm的光，完成UV_LED发射的紫光与B_LED发射的蓝光的光路集成。结合图10和图15B，第二二向色镜上的第一光学面2022A，具有过渡区波长约为460nm-480nm的长波通特性，用于反射UV_LED和B_LED低于于470nm且透射G_LED高于470nm的光，完成UV_LED发射的紫光、B_LED发射的蓝光与G_LED发射的绿光的光路集成。
结合图8和图15B，第一二向色镜上的第一光学面201B具有过渡区波长约为590nm-610nm的长波通特性，用于反射UV_LED、B_LED和G_LED低于600nm且透射R_LED高于600nm的光，完成UV_LED发射的紫光、B_LED发射的蓝光、G_LED发射的绿光与R_LED发射的红光的光路集成后输出合成光。
在一些实施例中，UV_LED通过第三二向色镜上的第一光学面2021B的长波截止与B_LED进行光谱分离，实现独立的光谱B1(≤420nm)；B_LED通过第三二向色镜上的第一光学面2021B的短波截止和第二二向色镜上的第一光学面2022A的长波截止进行光谱分离，实现独立的光谱B2(420～470nm)；G_LED通过第二二向色镜上的第一光学面2022A的短波截止和第一二向色镜上的第一光学面201B的长波截止进行光谱分离，实现独立的光谱B3(470～600nm)；R_LED通过第三二向色镜上的第一光学面2021B的短波截止(600nm)进行光谱分离，实现独立的光谱B4(≥600nm)；其中，本申请中的短波截止与长波截止均相对于具体的发光波段而言，为各LED发光波段的短波端和长波端。
本申请中的第一二向色镜、第二二向色镜以及第三二向色镜在实现UV_LED发射的紫光、B_LED发射的蓝光、G_LED发射的绿光与R_LED发射的红光的光路集成后输出合成光的同时，能实现UV_LED、B_LED、G_LED和R_LED分量光谱曲线相互独立的光谱B1～B4，如图5所示，本申请中输出的照明光中UV_LED、B_LED、G_LED和R_LED分量光谱波段几乎互不重叠，通过独立地进行各色光谱成分的比例调整，简化光谱和光通量的控制策略，实现高精度的照明光色调和光通量稳定性控制。
在一些实施例中，第一二向色镜、第二二向色镜以及第三二向色镜中的至少一个二向色镜上的第一光学面上设置有第一光学区R1和第二光学区R2。下面以第三二向色镜进行说明：图15D是根据本申请一些实施例所示的示例性第三二向色镜的第一光学面的镀膜示意图；图15E是根据本申请一些实施例所示的示例性第一光电传感器和第二光电传感器的位置示意图；图15F是根据本申请一些实施例所示的示例性背景光检测器相对于第一光电传感器和第二光电传感器的位置示意图。
在一些实施例中，第一光学区R1占第一光学面2021B的面积大于等于90％，第二光学区R2占第一光学面2021B的面积小于等于10％。第二光学区R2用于透射对应光源的发射光，以使得发射光进入到对应的光通量测量模组中。示例性的，为了方便检测第二光源102中的光源1022即B_LED中的光通量，第三二向色镜上的第一光学面2021B具有分区镀膜特性。具体地，如图15D中的左右两图所示，本申请在第三二向色镜上的第一光学面2021B上设置有第一光学区R1和第二光学区R2，且第一光学区R1和第二光学区R2具有不同的镀膜特性，第一光学区R1占第一光学面2021B的面积大于等于90％，第二光学区R2占第一光学面2021B的面积小于等于10％。
第一光学区R1用于透射第二光源102中的光源1021上波长低于420nm的光束且反射第二光源102中的光源1022上波长大于420nm的光束以形成合成光；第二光学区R2用于透射第二光源102中的光源1022的射出光，以使得射出光进入到第二光电传感器82中。
在一些实施例中，第一光学区R1具有二向色滤光膜，第二光学区R2不镀膜。在一些实施例中，第二光学区R2上设置有对B_LED发射蓝光进行以透射为主的分束膜。在一些实施例中，第二光学区R2上设置有增透特性的增透膜，从而实现B_LED发射光经第二光学区R2透射性分光到对应的第二光电传感器82中。
在一些实施例中，如图15D所示，第二光学区R2可以为方形或者圆形，第二光学区R2大小和形状的设计，应匹配第二光电传感器82所具有的光敏面的大小，即B_LED发射光经第二光学区R2的透 射光束，作为检测光进入第二光电传感器82的光敏面，检测光尺寸大于或近似等于第二光电传感器82的光敏面尺寸。
在一些实施例中，当第二光学区R2不镀膜时，根据光学材料的菲涅尔反射特性，若采用BK7光学玻璃作为第三二向色镜的基底材料，则第二光学区R2具有接近90％的透光率，即可达到B_LED发射光的透射性分光，具有简化工艺的特点。
在一些实施例中，与通过第二光学区R2透射的光所对应的光通量测量模组的光敏面，正对经第二光学区透射的二向色镜的检测光轴的方向。示例性的，结合图15B、图15C和15D，第二光学区R2透射到第二光电传感器82的光敏面的光方向正对第二光源102中的光源1022经二向色镜2021第二光学区R2透射的检测光束光轴(检测光轴)方向，同时，第二光源102中的光源1022的发射光经过第三二向色镜上的第一光学面2021B的第二光学区R2透射后的检测光束，直接照射到第二光电传感器82上的光敏面，从而可以使得第二光电传感器82最佳的接收对应的检测光。
在一些实施例中，通过第二光学区R2透射到对应的光通量测量模组上的光束的尺寸大于光敏面的尺寸，第二光源102中的光源1022的检测光束完全覆盖第二光电传感器82上的光敏面。示例性的，结合图15B、图15C和15D，第二光源102中的光源1022即B_LED发射光通过第二光学区R2透射到第二光电传感器82上的光束的尺寸大于第二光电传感器82光敏面的尺寸。因此，B_LED入射到第二光电传感器82的检测光，留有一定余量地覆盖第二光电传感器82的光敏面，从而使得第二光电传感器82对安装位置不敏感，保证系统可靠性，控制生产成本。
在一些实施例中，与通过第二光学面反射的光所对应的光通量测量模组的光敏面，与经第二光学面反射的二向色镜的检测光轴的方向成垂直设置。示例性的，如图15B和图15C所示，第二光源102中的光源1021经过第三二向色镜上的第二光学面2021A反射的沿竖直方向的光即为检测光轴所在方向，经过第三二向色镜上的第二光学面2021A反射的沿竖直方向的光与对应的第一光电传感器81的光敏面垂直；第三光电传感器83上的光敏面与对应的第二二向色镜上的第二光学面2022B反射的检测光轴垂直；第四光电传感器84上的光敏面与对应的第一二向色镜上的第二光学面201A反射的检测光轴垂直。
由于第一光电传感器81、第三光电传感器83以及第四光电传感器84的光敏面对应与第三二向色镜上的第二光学面2021A、第二二向色镜上的第二光学面2022B以及第一二向色镜上的第二光学面201A反射的检测光轴成垂直设置，从而可以使得第一光电传感器81、第三光电传感器83以及第四光电传感器84最佳地接收对应的检测光。
在一些实施例中，通过第二光学面反射到对应的光通量测量模组的光敏面的光束的尺寸均远小于对应光源上的检测光的光束的尺寸。示例性的，第一光电传感器81上的光敏面尺寸远小于第二光源102中的光源1021上检测光的光束尺寸，第三光电传感器83上的光敏面尺寸远小于第二光源102中的光源1023上检测光的光束尺寸，第四光电传感器84上的光敏面尺寸远小于第一光源101上检测光的光束尺寸。具体地，第二光源102中的光源1021、第二光源102中的光源1022、第二光源102中的光源1023以及第一光源101通过对应的第二光学面反射的检测光光束尺寸远大于对应的第一光电传感器81、第二光电传感器82、第三光电传感器83以及第四光电传感器84上光敏面的尺寸，这样可以使得光通量测量模组对安装位置不敏感，提高了整体装置的可靠性，同时降低了生产成本。
在一些实施例中，为了避免第一光电传感器81和第二光电传感器82空间位置干涉，在设计时，如图15E所示，用于接收第二光学面反射光的第一光电传感器81进行适量的空间位置偏移以避开用于接收第一光学面透射的第二光电传感器82所在空间。例如：第一光电传感器81和第二光电传感器82在检测光路空间进行上下偏移，或进行左右偏移。如图15E所示，图中所示圆直径为检测光轴的光束直径，所述检测光束为近似准直光束经二向色镜第二光学面反射后的光束，第一光电传感器81和第二光电传感器82上下或左右并列设置，最佳地接收第二光源102中的光源1021和第二光源102中的光源1022的检测光，第一光电传感器81偏移后依然满足第二光源102中的光源1022的检测光束完全覆盖第二光电传感器82上的光敏面，此时，接收到的光通量不低于原有光通量90％。
应当理解的是，光源装置100可以只包含一个二向色镜，也可以包含多个二向色镜。当包含的二向色镜为多个时，多个二向色镜的第二光学面上分别设置有分束膜，分束膜用于对相应的光源的发射光进行分束，每个分束膜用于分束的不同波长的发射光，分束膜的分束波长范围由发射光的波长确定。
在一些实施例中，第一二向色镜上的第二光学面201A、第二二向色镜上的第二光学面2022B以及第三二向色镜上的第二光学面2021A均具有分光特性，通过反射特性为辅、透射特性为主的分束分光特性，即反射少量光，透射大部分光，实现反射性分光，当反射性分光照射到对应的光电传感器中，就能够实现对应LED光通量的检测。
在一些实施例中，第三二向色镜上的第二光学面2021A具有第三分色膜。图15G是根据本本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性第三二向色镜的透过率光谱图。如图15G所示，第三分色膜其能够对 UV_LED发出的紫光具有小于等于10％低反射的部分反射特性和大于等于90％高透射的透射特性；第二二向色镜上的第二光学面2022B具有第二分色膜，其能够对G_LED发出的绿光具有小于等于10％低反射的部分反射特性和大于等于90％高透射的透射特性；第一二向色镜上的第二光学面201A具有第三分色膜，其能够对R_LED发出的红光具有小于等于10％低反射的部分反射特性和大于等于90％高透射的透射特性。
在使用时，第二光源102中的光源1021即UV_LED发出的紫光中的小于等于10％的光量通过第三二向色镜上的第二光学面2021A反射，部分反射光进入到对应的第一光电传感器81中；第二光源102中的光源1023即G_LED发出的绿光中的小于等于10％的光量通过第二二向色镜上的第二光学面2022B反射，部分反射光进入到对应的第三光电传感器83中；第一光源101即R_LED发出的红光中的小于等于10％的光量通过第一二向色镜上的第二光学面201A反射，部分反射光进入到对应的第四光电传感器84中，从而就能够实现UV_LED、G_LED以及R_LED光通量的检测。
本申请第三二向色镜上的第二光学面2021A、第二二向色镜上的第二光学面2022B以及第一二向色镜上的第二光学面201A能够反射小于等于10％的光量，或反射小于等于5％的光量，根据光电传感器81-84的感光特性，该装置在不过多牺牲有效照明光的情况下就能够保证检测光量保持在合适的水平。
在一些实施例中，当光源装置100包含多个二向色镜时，多个二向色镜的第二光学面上设置有同一分束膜，同一分束膜用于分束由第二光学面反射的发射光，在第二光学面反射的发射光波段不同时，同一分束膜的分束波长范围能够覆盖不同波长的发射光的波长范围。示例性的，第一二向色镜上的第二光学面201A、第二二向色镜上的第二光学面2022B以及第三二向色镜上的第二光学面2021A均设置有同一光学膜，该光学膜可以为宽波段的分束膜，同时，该光学膜至少覆盖上述UV_LED、G_LED和R_LED发射光波段的宽波段(370nm～650nm)，在370nm～650nm的宽波段范围内具有一致性较好的小于等于10％低反射的部分反射特性和大于等于90％高透射的透射特性。本申请实施例中采用相同的光学膜，简化了工艺且降低了系统成本。
在一些实施例中，光通量测量模组还包括开口光阑。例如，第一光电传感器81、第二光电传感器82、第三光电传感器83以及第四光电传感器84的前端设置有开口光阑。可以通过开口光阑的尺寸限制，调节入射到第一光电传感器81、第二光电传感器82、第三光电传感器83以及第四光电传感器84中检测光量的大小，以达到检测灵敏度与最大检测饱和光量的平衡，实现高动态范围的光量监测。
在一些实施例中，如图15F所示，光通量测量模组还包括背景光检测器8A，背景光检测器8A的位置与第二光电传感器82的位置相对应。示例性的，设置背景光检测器8A来消除背景杂光对第二光电传感器82测量结果的影响。在第二光电传感器82的一侧设置背景光检测器8A，背景光检测器8A几乎不能接收到B_LED发射光经第一光学区R1透射的检测光束。背景光检测器8A位于对应的光通量测量模组上的对应的检测光束所覆盖的范围之外。通过第二光电传感器82的检测信号与背景光检测器8A所检测到的背景光信号相减，得到与输出B光更一致的B光检测信号，从而实现了精度更高的B光光量控制。
在一些实施例中，为了不增加使用背景光检测器8A，可以使用第一光电传感器81作为背景光检测光电探测器，其基本不能接收B光检测光束，达到简化系统的目的。
在一些实施例中，如图15F所示，光通量测量模组还设置有背景光检测光电探测器8B，背景光检测光电探测器8B位于近似准直光束经第一二向色镜上的第二光学面201A反射得到的UV光检测光束直径之外，即背景光检测光电探测器8B几乎接收不到UV光经第一二向色镜上的第二光学面201A反射的UV光，通过第一光电传感器81的检测信号与背景光检测光电探测器8B所检测到的背景光信号相减，得到与输出UV光更一致的UV光检测信号，实现精度更高的UV光光量控制；同样地，可对第三光电传感器83、第四光电传感器84设置相应的背景光检测光电探测器，来消除背景杂光影响，提高检测精度，此处不再累述。
在一些实施例中，光通量测量模组还包括滤光片，为实现照明光色调稳定及亮度的高精度控制，可以对其中一个光电传感器或者一个以上的光电传感器检测光束的光谱进行光谱滤波。例如，第一光电传感器81、第二光电传感器82、第三光电传感器83以及第四光电传感器84的前端设置有滤光片。在一些实施例中，为了对第一光电传感器81、第二光电传感器82、第三光电传感器83以及第四光电传感器84检测光束的光谱均进行光谱滤波，可以在第一光电传感器81、第二光电传感器82、第三光电传感器83以及第四光电传感器84的测量光路中配置滤光片，截止超出输出照明光中光谱范围的部分，实现与第二光源102中的光源1021、第二光源102中的光源1022、第二光源102中的光源1023以及第一光源101输出光谱B1～B4一致或近似的测量光谱。
在一些实施例中，通过第一光电传感器81、第二光电传感器82、第三光电传感器83以及第四 光电传感器84的光量检测与输出光中第二光源102中的光源1021、第二光源102中的光源1022、第二光源102中的光源1023以及第一光源101分量输出强相关的对应关系，保证光量检测的准确度，从而维持照明光色调稳定性和光通量稳定性，同时也简化了光量控制策略。
在一些实施例中，可以在第三光电传感器83前端配置光谱B3范围内具有透射特性的带通滤光片L3，以有效滤除荧光型G_LED发光光谱中的蓝色激发光，保持G_LED检测光束光谱与输出光谱B3近似或一致；或者，在第一光电传感器81前端配置光谱B1范围内具有透射特性的短波通或带通滤光片L1；在第二光电传感器82前端配置光谱B2范围内具有透射特性的带通滤光片L2；在第四光电传感器84前端配置光谱B4范围内具有透射特性的长波通或带通滤光片L4。
在一些实施例中，通过二向色镜的第一光学面和第二光学面的不同光学特性设计，完成多光源合光的同时，实现了各光源发光量的分光检测，在不追加额外的光学元件的情况下(如分束反射镜或其他分束光学元件)获得检测光束实现了分光检测，其中，检测光束为经二向色镜的第一光学面或第二光学面的少量反射和透射光，具有简化的系统设计和反馈控制策略。
图16是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图。图16所示的光源装置100与图15A所示的光源装置100的区别在于，合光模组还包括与光通量测量模组208对应的第三滤光片210。在一些实施例中，第三滤光片210可以设置于相应的分束镜2081和光电传感器2082之间，用于透过第三目标波段和/或第四目标波段的光束。例如，在各第二光源102的光路中均设置光通量测量模组208，每一个分束镜2081与相对应的光电传感器2082之间设置有第三滤光片210。对于光源1022(绿色荧光型)，第三滤光片210可以为在光源1022(绿色荧光型)的光谱范围内具有透射特性的带通滤光片，用于有效滤除光源1022(绿色荧光型)发光光谱中的蓝色激光发，保证光电传感器2082测量的检测光谱与合成光中光源1022(绿色荧光型)输出光谱近似或一致。对于光源1021(蓝光光源)，在光电传感器2082和分束镜2081之间设置第三滤光片210，第三滤光片210可以为在光源1021(蓝光光源)的光谱范围内具有透射特性的带通滤光片，用于保证光电传感器2082测量的检测光谱与合成光中光源1021(蓝光光源)输出光谱近似或一致。对于光源1023(红光光源)在光电传感器2082与分束镜2081之间设置第三滤光片210，第三滤光片210可以为在光源1023(红光光源)的光谱范围内具有透射特性的长波通或带通滤光片，用于保证光电传感器2082测量的检测光谱与合成光中光源1023(红光光源)输出光谱近似或一致。
在一些实施例中，为了保证经过第三滤光片210得到的检测光谱与合成光中第一光源101的输出光谱一致或近似，第三目标波段与合成光中的第一光束第一目标波段的差异可以小于第一预设差异阈值。在一些实施例中，为了保证经过第三滤光片210得到的检测光谱与合成光中各第二光源102的输出光谱一致或近似，第四目标波段与合成光中的第二光束第二目标波段的差异可以小于第二预设差异阈值。在一些实施例中，第一预设差异阈值和/或第二预设差异阈值可以分别不大于10nm。例如，合成光中的第一光束第一目标波段的波段为390nm-410nm，即第一光束第一目标波段的短波部分为390nm，长波部分为410nm，则第三目标波段短波部分为380nm-400nm，第三目标波段长波部分为400nm-420nm。
在一些实施例中，为了实现照明光色调稳定及亮度的高精度控制，可以对入射到光电传感器2082的第三光束和第四光束进行光谱滤波。例如，可以在光电传感器2082的测量光路中(分束镜2081和光电传感器2082之间)配置第三滤光片210，用于截止照明输出光中非有效输出光谱部分。
在一些实施例中，光源在工作过程中产生热量会导致结温(PN结温度)升高，各光源的相关参数(如光源的发光光量及光谱)容易受工作温度影响。结温升高一方面会导致峰值波长漂移，另一方面随结温升高，光通量有所下降，其中对于R_LED尤为明显。因此，需要对内窥镜的光源装置进行散热控制以维持光源装置工作在合理的温度范围。图17是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图，如图17所示，光源装置100还包括第一散热模组212和第二散热模组213，用于对光源装置100进行散热。在一些实施例中，第一散热模组212的散热方向与输出光的光轴平行，第二散热模组213的散热方向与输出光的光轴垂直。
在一些实施例中，第一散热模组212和/或第二散热模组213可以包括配置于光源装置100内部或外部空间的一个或多个风扇进行风冷扇热。如图17所示，第一光源101、第二光源102中的光源1021、光源1022和光源1023分别排列在两个相互垂直或近似垂直的方向，根据光源装置100中各光源的排列特点，可以确定第一散热模组212的散热方向S1和/或第二散热模组213的散热方向和S2。例如，第一散热模组212的散热方向可以与导光模组800输出光的光轴平行；第二散热模组213的散热方向可以与导光模组800输出光的光轴垂直。在一些实施例中，在第一散热方向S1和第二散热方向S2上可以分别设置第一散热风扇和第二散热风扇，用于对光源装置100或/和内窥镜装置10其他组件(例如，控制模块500)进行整体散热，通过优化的风道设计，利用有限的风扇数量达到良好的综合散热效果。在一些实施例中，在对光源装置100进行散热时，第一散热模组212和/或第二散热模组213还可 以采用多种方式组合散热。例如，对光源装置100采用导热胶、导热片、散热鳍片、水冷或液冷等方式进行传导散热。
图18是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图。如图18所示，光源装置100还包括光源扩展接口，光源扩展接口用于连接扩展模组40。在一些实施例中，扩展模组40可以包括至少一个第三光源401和与至少一个第三光源对应的第二合光模组402。在一些实施例中，至少一个第三光源401对应的第二合光模组402包括第三合光元件，所述第三合光元件用于对至少一个第三光源401发出的第五光束进行反射和/或透射依次实现合光，形成入射至所述第二合光元件进行反射或透射的第二入射光。在一些实施例中，可以在光源装置100上预留相应的光源扩展接口，通过光源扩展接口连接扩展模组40，以低成本实现一个内窥镜系统10中覆盖多种的照明需求，更重要地，可以为后续新型化的照明需求保留接口，保持了内窥镜系统10中光源装置100的继承性。在一些实施例中，至少一个第三光源401可以包括红光光源。在一些实施例中，至少一个第三光源401可以包括红光光源和琥珀色光源。在一些实施例中，至少一个第三光源401可以包括红光光源、第一红外光源和第二红外光源。
图19A是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图。在一些实施例中，如图19A所示，扩展模组40可以包括至少一个光源401和与至少一个光源对应的第二合光模组402。在一些实施例中，为了实现出血点观察模式的特殊光，至少一个光源401可以包括琥珀色光源4011，至少一个光源对应的合光模组包括第三合光元件4021。在一些实施例中，琥珀色光源4011发出的第五光束经过准直透镜变为平行光束，第三合光元件4021对平行光束进行透射，形成第二透射光，并且将与第三合光元件4021对应的第二光源1023发出的第二光束进行反射，形成第二反射光，第二反射光、第二透射光和除第二光源1023发出的第二光束之外的第二光束经过第二合光元件202(合光元件2021和合光元件2021)的反射和/或透射形成入射至第一合光元件201的第一入射光，实现了将琥珀色光源4011并入上述四个光源的光束进行合光，进行扩展集成。在一些实施例中，还可以在琥珀色光源4011和第三合光元件4021之间设置准直透镜、第二滤光片和光通量测量模组等。
图19B是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；图19C是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；图19D是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图；图19E是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图。与图15B和图15C描述的合光元件为二向色镜相似，图19A所示的光源装置100中的合光元件也可以为二向色镜。在图19A所述的光源装置100的基础上，图19B-图19E所示的光源装置100中，第一合光元件201、第二合光元件202中的合光元件2021和合光元件2021、第三合光元件4021分别为第一二向色镜、第二二向色镜、第三二向色镜和第四二向色镜。此外，图19C-图19E所示的光源装置100还包括第一光电传感器81、第二光电传感器82、第三光电传感器83、第四光电传感器84和第五光电传感器85，用于测量进入其中的光通量。
在一些实施例中，第一光源101、第二光源102中的光源1021、光源1022、光源1023以及光源4011可以分别为紫外(UV-LED)、蓝色(B-LED)、绿色(G-LED)、红色(R-LED)以及琥珀色(A-LED)。在图15A-图15C的基础上，图19A-图19E所示的光源装置100中增加了琥珀色光源4011。琥珀色光源4011的峰值波长为590nm-610nm，血红蛋白在600nm附近对光的吸收程度变化幅度较大，第一光源101(R_LED)的峰值波长位于620nm-640nm，相比600nm波长光吸收系数小，同时活体组织散射系数也更小，有利于提高深部血管的可视性，其他的结构都和前述相同，此处不再累述。
在一些实施例中，结合19B和图19C，第一二向色镜上的第一光学面201B的过渡区波长为范围为410nm-430nm，对UV_LED发射的紫外光(≤420nm)，其透过率根据镀膜工艺达到最佳透过率T1。优选地，T1≥97％。同时，对B_LED发射的蓝光(≥420nm)，具有以反射特性为主、透射特性为辅的分光特性。在一些实施例中，二向色镜上的第一光学面上设置有分束膜。在一些实施例中，分束膜能够将对应光源的发射光在反射进行光路集成的同时进行透射，以使得透射出的光进入到对应的光通量测量模组中。图19F是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的二向色镜第一光学面的光谱曲线图。结合图19F所示，第一光学面201B在430nm以上波段的反射率RR和透过率T2通过分束膜设计，具有对B光小于等于10％的透过特性，且对B光具有大于等于90％的反射特性，镀膜特性对UV_LED发射的紫光高透，对B_LED发射的蓝光大于等于90％反射的同时小于等于10％的透射，使得UV_LED发射光与B_LED光合光的同时实现B_LED的透射性分光，作为检测光进入第二光电传感器82对B_LED输出光通量进行检测。可选地，二向色镜上的第一光学面上设置有分束膜，分束膜能够将对应光源的发射光在透射进行光路集成的同时进行反射，以使得反射出的光进入到对应的光通量测量模组中。R_LED发射光依次经第四二向色镜的第一光学面4021A反射，再经第三二向色镜的第一光学面2022B反射，然后经第二二向色镜的第二光学面2021A反射得到R光检测光束，作为检测光进入第四光电传感器84对R_LED输 出光通量进行检测。其中，G_LED的光路集成在B_LED的光路集成之前进行，作为G_LED的光路和B_LED的光路集成的第二二向色镜的第一光学面2021A，实现G_LED发射光中的蓝色激发光截止，具有完全截止G_LED反射光中蓝色激发光和完全反射B_LED发射光的特性，即B_LED发射蓝光的反射率根据镀膜工艺达到最高，几乎不具有透射蓝光的分光特性。
图19D和图19E与图19A-图19C的区别在于光源位置的摆放位置，第一光源101、第二光源102中的光源1021、光源1022、光源1023以及光源4011可以分别为紫外(UV-LED)、蓝色(B-LED)、绿色(G-LED)、红色(R-LED)以及琥珀色(A-LED)。其中，G_LED的光路集成在B_LED的光路集成之后进行，进一步地，光源根据发射波长，由短到长地依次进行光路集成，由此，第一二向色镜上的第一光学面201B、第二二向色镜上的第一光学面2022A、第三二向色镜上的第一光学面2021B、以及第四二向色镜上的第一光学面4021A具有长波通或短波通特性具有简化镀膜工艺与降低系统成本的特点。
在一些实施例，第三二向色镜上的第一光学面2021B和第四二向色镜上的第一光学面4021A的特性见图10和图6所示；第二二向色镜上的第一光学面2022A的特性见图10所示；第一二向色镜上的第一光学面201B具有过渡区波长约为600nm-630nm的长波通特性，透射R_LED高于610nm且反射A-LED低于610nm的光，完成UV_LED、B_LED、G_LED和A_LED发射的紫光、蓝光、绿光和琥珀色光与R_LED发射的红光的光路集成。
在一些实施例中，通过第一二向色镜、第三二向色镜、第四二向色镜的第二光学面201A、2021A、4021B的分束分光特性，将R_LED、G_LED和UV_LED的发射光部分分束并进入与各LED相对应的光通量测量模组(例如，第四光电传感器84、第三光电传感器83、第一光电传感器81)；通过第二二向色镜上的第一光学面2022A上的第二光学区R2的分光特性，将A_LED发射光通过第二光学区R2的透射分束并进入与第五光电传感器85；通过第四二向色镜上的第一光学面4021A第二光学区R2的分光特性，或者第四二向色镜上的第一光学面4021A的分束特性，将B_LED发射光透射分束并进入与第二光电传感器82，实现各LED在光路集成的同时完成分光检测。
在一些实施例中，第二二向色镜和第四二向色镜对应的第一光学面2021B和402A的第二光学区R2不镀膜，或具有相同的镀膜特性，即同时具有对A_LED发射琥珀色光和B_LED发射蓝光进行约95％透射和约5％反射的分束膜，或者增透特性的增透膜。在一些实施例中，对第二二向色镜和第四二向色镜对应的第一光学面2021B和402A的第二光学区R2同批次镀膜，可以简化镀膜工艺，降低系统成本。
在一些实施例中，对第二光电传感器82进行偏移，第一光电传感器81和第二光电传感器82在图19D所示的检测光路空间上下或左右并列设置，最佳地接收光源4011和光源1023的检测光。
在一些实施例中，如图19E所示，对B_LED发出的B光的分光检测方案，采用将第二二向色镜上的第二光学面2022B设置为具有分束分光特性，B_LED发射光依次经第四二向色镜和第三二向色镜上的第一光学面4021A和2021B反射，进入第二二向色镜上的第二光学面2021A进行分光得到B光检测观赏，作为检测光进入第二光电传感器82，达到B光的反射分光检测。在一些实施例中，对第二光电传感器822进行偏移，第二光电传感器82和第五光电传感器85在图19E所示检测光路空间上下或左右并列设置。
在一些实施例中，第一光电传感器81-第五光电传感器85所接收检测光量占比各光源发射光量的比例适中，一方面达到充足的光量，以满足系统监测精度，另一方面，发射光量不至于过量，避免过多的检测光量带来光电传感器的饱和，又能达到系统所需最大化的动态检测范围，在对各光源光通量进行高精度高动态范围检测的同时，又不过多的损失有效输出照明光。
同时，荧光型G_LED发射绿光的同时具有蓝色激发光，为防止G_LED的蓝色激发光经过下游光路中二向色镜的分区镀膜分光或二向色分束特性透射进入有效照明光路中，检测光路满足如下条件：G_LED作为G_LED的光路和B_LED的光路集成的二向色镜的第一光学面，实现G_LED发射光中的蓝色激发光截止,且具有完全截止G_LED反射光中蓝色激发光和完全反射B_LED发射光的特性，即B_LED发射蓝光的反射率根据镀膜工艺达到最高，几乎不具有透射蓝光的分光特性。
上述条件限制阻止输出照明光中G_LED的蓝色激发光与B_LED发射蓝光成分相互混淆，达到输出照明光中各光源分量光谱曲线相互独立，尽可能少地或几乎不存在波段相互重叠的部分；对采用其他荧光型LED进行合光的光源装置100，其检测光路具有类似的特点。
图20是根据本申请一些实施例所示的各光源的示例性光谱曲线示意图。L1、L2、L3、L4和L5分别代表第一光源101、光源1021、光源1022、光源1023以及琥珀色光源4011的光谱曲线。具体地，第一光源101可以为紫光光源，光源1021、光源1022和光源1023分别为蓝光光源、绿光光源、红光光源，琥珀色光源4011可以发出琥珀色光。结合图19A和图20，当第一光源101为发射短波光谱的紫光光源时，其余四个第二光源的峰值波长均比紫光光源的峰值波长更长。其中，峰值波长更长的第二光源(例如，为红光光源的光源1023)发出的第二光束被所述第二合光元件2022反射，峰值波长更短的 第二光源(例如，为绿光光源的光源1022)发出的第二光束被第二合光元件2022透射，依次完成第二光源的合光，这里的第二合光元件2022为短波通二向色镜。
图21是根据本申请一些实施例所示的示例性第三合光元件的透过率光谱图。如图21所示，第三合光元件4021可以具有过渡区波长约为600nm-620nm的短波通特性，透射琥珀色光源4011中低于610nm且反射红光光源高于610nm的光谱成分。在一些实施例中，第二合光元件202(合光元件2021和合光元件2022)具有不同的过渡区长波通或短波通特性。第三合光元件4021可以将琥珀色光源4011发出的第五光束进行透射形成第二透射光，将与第三合光元件4021对应的第二光源1023发出的第二光束进行反射，形成如第二反射光；第二合光元件202(合光元件2021和合光元件2022)将第二透射光、第二反射光和与第三合光元件4021对应的第二光源1023发出的第二光束进行反射和/或透射形成入射至第一合光元件201的第一入射光，最终，第一合光元件201反射第一入射光且透射第一光源发出的第一光束，形成合成光。经过第一合光元件201、各第二合光元件202和第三合光元件4021对各光源的准直光束进行反射和/或透射，实现各光源分量光谱的相互独立，得到独立的光谱，即几乎不存在波长相互重叠的部分，便于简化输出光中各光源分量比例控制策略，实现高精度的照明光色调和光通量稳定性控制。
在一些实施例中，琥珀色光源4011的峰值波长可以为590nm-610nm。血红蛋白光谱吸收系数在600nm附近具有较大变化幅度，光源1023(红光光源)的峰值波长可以位于620nm-640nm，相比590nm-610nm左右的琥珀色光源4011的发光光谱，光源1023(红光光源)的发光光谱具有更小的血红蛋白吸收系数及活体组织散射系数，根据血红蛋白对输出光中琥珀色光源4011与光源1023(红光光源)发光光谱吸收和散射特性差异的特点，利用琥珀色光源4011与光源1023(红光光源)进行照明有利于提高深部血管的可视性。
在一些实施例中，可以在琥珀色光源4011的光路中设置光电传感器来对琥珀色光源4011发射光通量进行检测。可选地或附加地，在光电传感器和分束镜之间可以设置滤光片。
图22是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图。在一些实施例中，扩展模组40可以包括至少一个光源和与至少一个光源对应的合光模组。为了可以实现ICG(indocyanin green)荧光观察的特殊光，如图22所示，至少一个光源包括第一红外光源4012和第二红外光源4013，至少一个光源对应的合光模组包括第四合光元件4022和第五合光元件4023。在一些实施例中，第四合光元件4022用于将第一红外光源4012发出的第六光束进行反射形成入射至第五合光元件4023的第二入射光，并将第二红外光源4013发出的第七光束进行透射形成第三透射光。在一些实施例中，第五合光元件4023用于将第二入射光和第三透射光进行透射，并将与第五合光元件4023对应的第二光源1023发出的第二光束进行反射形成入射至第二合光元件202的第三入射光。在一些实施例中，第二合光元件202(合光元件2021和合光元件2022)用于将第三入射光和第二剩余光束进行反射和/或透射形成入射至第一合光元件201的第一入射光。第二剩余第二光束可以包括除第五合光元件4023对应的第二光源1023发出的第二光束之外的第二光束。
在一些实施例中，扩展模组为40还可以在第一红外光源4012和第四合光元件4022之间以及第二红外光源4013和第四合光元件4022之间设置准直透镜。例如，可以在第一红外光源4012或/和第二红外光源4013各自的光路中添加短波通或带通滤光片，进一步突出800nm-820nm和920nm-940nm的窄带特性。例如，可以在第四合光元件4022与第一红外光源4012所在光路上添加具有820nm以下波长短波通特性的滤光片，在第四合光元件4022与第二红外光源4013所在光路上添加具有920nm-940nm带通特性的滤光片。
图23是根据本申请一些实施例所示的各光源的示例性光谱曲线示意图。L1、L2、L3、L4、L6和L7分别代表第一光源101、光源1021、光源1022、光源1023、第一红外光源4012和第二红外光源4013的光谱曲线。具体地，第一光源101可以为紫光光源，光源1021、光源1022和光源1023分别为蓝光光源、绿光光源、红光光源。在一些实施例中，第一红外光源4012的波长范围可以为800nm～830nm；第二红外光源4013可以具有比第一红外光源4012更长的波长。例如，第二红外光源4013的波长范围可以为910nm～950nm。
图24是根据本申请一些实施例所示的示例性第四合光元件的透过率光谱图。如图24所示，第四合光元件4022可以具有过渡区波长约为910nm-930nm的长波通特性。第四合光元件4022透射第二红外光源4013中高于920nm的光谱成分，且反射第一红外光源4012的光束中低于920nm的光谱成分，形成第一透射光。
图25是根据本申请一些实施例所示的示例性第五合光元件的透过率光谱图。如图25所示，第五合光元件4023可以具有过渡区波长约为790nm-810nm的长波通特性。第五合光元件4023透射第一透射光中大于800nm的光谱成分，反射光源1023(红光光源)的光束中小于800nm的光谱成分，形成 第三入射光。
在一些实施例中，第二合光元件202中的合光元件2021和合光元件2022可以具有不同的过渡区长波通或短波通特性，第二合光元件202按照过渡区长波通或短波通特性，将第三入射光和除第五合光元件对应的第二光源发出的第二光束之外的第二光束进行反射和/或透射形成入射至第一合光元件201的第一入射光。最终，第一合光元件201反射第一入射光且透射与第一光源相关的第一光束，形成合成光。经过第一合光元件201、各第二合光元件202、第四合光元件4022和第五合光元件4023对各光源的准直光束进行反射和/或透射，实现各光源分量光谱的相互独立，得到独立的光谱。
在一些实施例中，可以在与光源装置100连接的电路上设置电路接口，通过电路接口进行电路连接，实现对扩展模组40的控制。需要说明的是，扩展模组40通过以上扩展或置换的方式，以低成本实现内窥镜系统10中覆盖多种照明需求，更重要地，或为后续新型化的照明需求保留接口。
根据本申请一些实施例所示的光源装置100具有白光照明的普通白光模式、特殊光照明模式及混合光模式，可以分别实现观察对象整体轮廓观察、表层和中层的血管强调观察，兼顾整体轮廓和血管强调观察的混合光观察图像。在一些实施例中，本申请一些实施例所示的光源装置100具有红外光观察模式(第一红外光源和第二红外光源)，通过静脉注射易于吸收红外光的ICG之后，实现粘膜深部血管及血流信息清晰的观察图像，或为新型特殊光/混合光照明预留接口。
图26是根据本申请一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置100的结构示意图。如图26所示，光源装置100可以包括第一光源(即光源2602)、第二光源(即光源2601、光源2603、光源2604以及光源2605)、第一合光元件(即合光元件262)、第二合光元件(即合光元件261、合光元件263以及合光元件264)。导光模组800与光源装置100连接，用于输出光源装置100生成的合成光。图27是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置100的结构示意图。图27所示的光源装置100在图26所示的光源装置100的基础上还包括一个或多个准直透镜203。在一些实施例中，一个或多个准直透镜203中的其中一个可以设置于光源和合光元件之间，用于将光源发射出的光束变为平行光束或近似平行光束入射到对应的合光元件。
在一些实施例中，光源2601可以为红光R_LED、光源2602可以为琥珀色光A_LED、光源2603可以为紫外光UV_LED、光源2604可以为蓝色光B_LED、光源2605可以为绿光G_LED。如图26和图27所示，合光元件261、合光元件262和合光元件263中任意两者之间的夹角可以小于第七预设角度。在一些实施例中，第七预设角度可以为5°，10°，15°，20°等。例如，合光元件261、合光元件262和合光元件263中任意两者之间可以平行。合光元件264与其他任意合光元件(合光元件261、合光元件262或合光元件263)之间的夹角可以大于第八预设夹角且小于第九预设角度。在一些实施例中，第八预设角度可以为80°，85°等；第九预设角度可以为95°，100°等。例如，合光元件264与其他任意合光元件(合光元件261、合光元件262或合光元件263)之间的夹角可以为90°。
在一些实施例中，光源2602的琥珀色光A_LED的光谱曲线见图20所示。如图20所示琥珀色光A_LED具有窄波段光谱，其峰值波长可以为590nm-610nm，带宽约为20nm。在一些实施例中，琥珀色光A_LED可以为荧光转换A_LED,具有峰值波长位于430nm-460nm区间的蓝色激发光，由蓝色激发光激发荧光物质产生峰值波长约为590nm-610nm的宽波段光，少量蓝色激发光不被荧光物质吸收而直接透射，即荧光型_LED发光光谱所发射的宽波段琥珀色光除包含590nm-610nm峰值波长的宽波段光谱，还包含少量蓝色激发光。
在一些实施例中，合光元件264具有过渡区波长约为600nm～620nm的短波通特性，透射琥珀色光和反射红光，实现红光和琥珀色光的合光。合光元件263具有过渡区波长约为400nm～420nm的短波通特性，透射UV光反射蓝光，实现UV光和蓝光的合光。合光元件262具有过渡区波长约为450nm～470nm的长波通特性，透射绿光和反射蓝光和UV光，实现绿光、UV光和蓝光的合光。合光元件261具有过渡区波长约为585nm～605nm的短波通特性，透射琥珀色光和红光，反射绿光、蓝光和UV光，实现琥珀色光、红光、绿光、蓝光和UV光的和光。
在琥珀色光A_LED为荧光转换A_LED的情况下，合光元件264对其进行长波截止滤波，截止宽波段琥珀色光的610nm以上的光谱成分；合光元件261对其进行短波截止滤波，截止宽波段琥珀色光的595nm以下的光谱成分；由此获得波长在590nm-610nm范围内或595nm-610nm范围内的窄带琥珀色光；或者合光元件261截止宽波段琥珀色光的590nm以下的光谱成分，获得峰值波长在590nm-610nm范围内的窄带琥珀色光。
以上琥珀色光A_LED为荧光转换A_LED的情况下，采用了合光元件进行长波截止或/和短波截止滤波，也可以在宽波段琥珀色光A_LED的光路中的适当位置加入滤光片，实现所需要的滤波功能。例如，可以在准直透镜203与合光元件264(如图27所示)之间加入滤光片。在一些实施例中，所述光源装置还包括滤光片切入切出模组，所述滤光片切入切出模组具有滤光片放置于光路中或从光路中切 出两种工作状态，用于实现滤光片切入和切出模式的转换。
在一些实施例中，滤光片切入切出模组中的滤光片对所述光源2605发射的宽波段G光进行窄带滤波的滤光片，所述滤光片设置于光源2605光路中的合光元件261与合光元件262之间。光源2605(绿光光源)为由蓝色LED激发荧光体而发射绿光，即荧光型G_LED,具有510nm～560nm的峰值波长，光源2605的带宽在90nm-110nm范围内，所述滤光片将宽波段的绿光进行滤波，得到520nm-550nm或530nm-550nm的窄波段绿光；使得所述光源2605具有宽带和窄带绿光两种输出状态。在一些实施例中，通过滤光片切入切出模组，当滤光片从光路中切出时，所述光源装置具有白光模式；当滤光片放置于光路中时，所述光源装置具有出血点观察模式。所述白光观察模式通过设置光源2601-2605按照一定比例输出，所述光源2605输出宽波段的绿光，得到白光模式，实现对活体组织表面整体性状进行观察所述出血点观察模式通过设置输出窄带光谱的2605(G-LED)与光源2602(A-LED)、光源2601(R-LED)分量为主要输出分量，根据光源2602(A-LED)相对于光源2601(R-LED)的输出光谱更容易被血液中血红蛋白吸收，通过二者的吸收特性差异提高深部血管的可视性，主要用于深部血管强调显示或获得出血点显示图像。
在一些实施例中，光源2601可以为紫外光UV_LED、光源2602可以为第一蓝色光B_LED、光源2603可以为第二蓝色光B_LED、光源2604可以为绿光G_LED、光源2605可以为红光R_LED。在一些实施例中，第二蓝色光B_LED与第一蓝色光B_LED可以具有一样的峰值波长或第二蓝色光B_LED可以具有略高于第一蓝色光B_LED的峰值波长，UV_LED、G_LED以及R_LED与前述相同。例如，第一蓝色光B-LED可以具有430nm～460nm的峰值波长。例如，其峰值波长为430nm～460nm，其波长范围可以为窄带，带宽约为20nm或30nm；第二蓝色光B-LED可以具有430nm～460nm的峰值波长，或者其峰值波长为波长稍长的440nm～470nm，其波长范围可以为窄带，带宽约为20nm或30nm。图28是根据本申请一些实施例所示的各光源的示例性光谱曲线示意图。如图28所示，光源2601、光源2602、光源2603、光源2604以及光源2605的光谱曲线可以分别由L1、L2A、L2B、L3和L4所示，其中L2A(即第一蓝色光B_LED)和L2B(即第二蓝色光B_LED)的光谱曲线可以一致。
图29是根据本申请一些实施例所示的示例性合光元件264的透过率光谱图。如图29所示，合光元件264可以具有过渡区波长约为400nm-420nm的长波通特性，反射光源2601(UV_LED)光谱低于410nm且透射光源2602(第一蓝色光B_LED)高于410nm的光谱成分，实现光源2602(第一蓝色光B_LED)发射的蓝色光与光源2601(UV_LED)发射的紫外光路集成。
图7还可以是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性合光元件263的透过率光谱图。如图7所示，合光元件263可以具有过渡区波长约为460nm-480nm的短波通特性，反射光谱高于470nm且透射光源2603(第二蓝色光B_LED)光谱光低于470nm的光谱成分，实现光源2603(第二蓝色光B_LED)发射的第二蓝色光与光源2604(G_LED)发射的绿光光路集成，同时，合光元件263对光谱L3中的蓝色激发光进行截止滤波，阻止蓝色激发光进入后续光路。
图8还可以是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性合光元件262的透过率光谱图。如图8所示，合光元件262的光谱可以实现光源2603(第二蓝色光B_LED)发射的第二蓝色光、光源2604(G_LED)发射的绿光与光源2605(R_LED)发射的红光光路集成。
图11还可以是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性合光元件261的透过率光谱图。如图11所示，合光元件261可以具有过渡区波长约为445nm-475nm的短波通特性。例如，合光元件261可以具有过渡区波长约为450nm～460nm的短波通特性，反射光源2603(第二蓝色光B_LED)发射的第二蓝色光、光源2604(G_LED)发射的绿光、光源2605(R_LED)发射的红光光路高于455nm的光谱成分，透射光源2602(第一蓝色光B_LED)发射的第一蓝色光、光源2601(UV_LED)发射的紫外光低于455nm的光谱成分，实现光源2603(第二蓝色光B_LED)发射的第二蓝色光、光源2604(G_LED)发射的绿光、光源2605(R_LED)发射的红光光路与光源2602(第一蓝色光B_LED)发射的第一蓝色光、光源2601(UV_LED)发射的紫外光的光路集成。如图11B所示，合光元件261通过透射截止光源2602(第一蓝色光B_LED)光谱中大于455nm波长成分，得到峰值波长为420nm～455nm的第一蓝色光，同时，合光元件261通过反射截止光源2603(第二蓝色光B_LED)光谱中小于455nm波长成分，得到峰值波长为455nm～470nm第二蓝色光。合光元件261可以对光源2602(第一蓝色光B_LED)光谱长波进行截止滤波得到峰值波长为430nm～455nm的第一蓝色光，通过455nm以下光谱对表层或浅表层血管与粘膜的反射率差异较大，来提高表层血管与粘膜的对比度；对光源2603(第二蓝色光B_LED)光谱短波进行截止滤波得到峰值波长为455nm～470nm的第二蓝色光BL2，根据450nm-500nm波长区域，血液中还原血红蛋白与氧化血红蛋白的吸收系数具有较大差异，且在此区间内，还原血红蛋白的吸收系数均高于氧化血红蛋白的特性，因此，可以通过输出图像体现血液中氧饱和度的情况，实现氧饱和度观察。
在一些实施例中，上述光源装置100可以输出第一蓝光B-LED和第二蓝光B-LED、G-LED、R- LED及UV_LED的混合光，实现普通光照明、第一特殊光照明、混合光照明；此外，还可以实现具有氧饱和度观察的第二特殊光照明。
光源2601(UV_LED)经合光元件264截止滤波或窄带滤波，发射光谱中410nm以上的成分被截止，或对光源2601(UV_LED)发射光谱以405nm为中心点进行±10nm的窄带滤波；合光元件263对光源2604(G_LED)光谱中的蓝色激发光进行截止滤波，阻止蓝色激发光进入后续光路，便于输出光谱中各光谱分量相互独立，更容易对输出光进行比例控制，从而实现照明光的稳定色调；光源2602(第一蓝光B-LED)经过合光元件261截止滤波后具有波长小于455nm的第一蓝光波长成分，光源2603(第二蓝光B-LED)经过合光元件261截止滤波后具有波长大于455nm的第二蓝光波长成分。
图30是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的示例性光源装置的结构示意图。图30所示的光源装置100与图27所示的光源装置100的区别在于，合光模组还包括至少一个光通量测量模组208。在一些实施例中，每个光通量测量模组208可以包括分束镜2081和分束镜2081相对应的光电传感器2082。在一些实施例中，分束镜2081可以设置于光源与合光元件之间，用于对光源发出的光束进行分束反射，反射后的光束入射至与分束镜2081相对应的光电传感器2082。可选地或附加地，分束镜2081可以设置于各光源(例如，光源2601、光源2602、光源2603、光源2604、光源2605)与各光源相对应的合光元件202(例如，合光元件261、合光元件262、合光元件263、合光元件264)之间，用于对光源发出的光束进行分束反射后入射至与分束镜2081相对应的光电传感器2082。光电传感器2082，用于检测入射其中的光束的光通量。
上文已对基本概念做了描述，显然，对于本领域技术人员来说，上述详细披露仅仅作为示例，而并不构成对本说明书的限定。虽然此处并没有明确说明，本领域技术人员可能会对本说明书进行各种修改、改进和修正。该类修改、改进和修正在本说明书中被建议，所以该类修改、改进、修正仍属于本说明书示范实施例的精神和范围。
同时，本说明书使用了特定词语来描述本说明书的实施例。如“一个实施例”、“一实施例”、和/或“一些实施例”意指与本说明书至少一个实施例相关的某一特征、结构或特点。因此，应强调并注意的是，本说明书中在不同位置两次或多次提及的“一实施例”或“一个实施例”或“一个替代性实施例”并不一定是指同一实施例。此外，本说明书的一个或多个实施例中的某些特征、结构或特点可以进行适当的组合。
此外，除非权利要求中明确说明，本说明书所述处理元素和序列的顺序、数字字母的使用、或其他名称的使用，并非用于限定本说明书流程和方法的顺序。尽管上述披露中通过各种示例讨论了一些目前认为有用的发明实施例，但应当理解的是，该类细节仅起到说明的目的，附加的权利要求并不仅限于披露的实施例，相反，权利要求旨在覆盖所有符合本说明书实施例实质和范围的修正和等价组合。例如，虽然以上所描述的系统组件可以通过硬件设备实现，但是也可以只通过软件的解决方案得以实现，如在现有的服务器或移动设备上安装所描述的系统。
同理，应当注意的是，为了简化本说明书披露的表述，从而帮助对一个或多个发明实施例的理解，前文对本说明书实施例的描述中，有时会将多种特征归并至一个实施例、附图或对其的描述中。但是，这种披露方法并不意味着本说明书对象所需要的特征比权利要求中提及的特征多。实际上，实施例的特征要少于上述披露的单个实施例的全部特征。
一些实施例中使用了描述成分、属性数量的数字，应当理解的是，此类用于实施例描述的数字，在一些示例中使用了修饰词“大约”、“近似”或“大体上”来修饰。除非另外说明，“大约”、“近似”或“大体上”表明所述数字允许有±20％的变化。相应地，在一些实施例中，说明书和权利要求中使用的数值参数均为近似值，该近似值根据个别实施例所需特点可以发生改变。在一些实施例中，数值参数应考虑规定的有效数位并采用一般位数保留的方法。尽管本说明书一些实施例中用于确认其范围广度的数值域和参数为近似值，在具体实施例中，此类数值的设定在可行范围内尽可能精确。
针对本说明书引用的每个专利、专利申请、专利申请公开物和其他材料，如文章、书籍、说明书、出版物、文档等，特此将其全部内容并入本说明书作为参考。与本说明书内容不一致或产生冲突的申请历史文件除外，对本说明书权利要求最广范围有限制的文件(当前或之后附加于本说明书中的)也除外。需要说明的是，如果本说明书附属材料中的描述、定义、和/或术语的使用与本说明书所述内容有不一致或冲突的地方，以本说明书的描述、定义和/或术语的使用为准。
最后，应当理解的是，本说明书中所述实施例仅用以说明本说明书实施例的原则。其他的变形也可能属于本说明书的范围。因此，作为示例而非限制，本说明书实施例的替代配置可视为与本说明书的教导一致。相应地，本说明书的实施例不仅限于本说明书明确介绍和描述的实施例。

Claims (48)

  1. 一种光源装置，其特征在于，所述光源装置包括第一合光模组和至少两个光源，所述光源装置与导光模组连接，所述至少两个光源包括第一光源和至少一个第二光源，所述第一合光模组包括第一合光元件，其中，
    所述第一合光元件设置于所述导光模组和所述第一光源之间，用于将第一光束进行透射形成第一透射光，所述第一光束与所述第一光源相关；
    所述第一合光元件还用于将所述至少一个第二光源发出的至少一个第二光束形成第一反射光，并将所述第一反射光和所述第一透射光进行合成形成合成光，以由所述导光模组将所述合成光传输至受测组织；以及
    所述第一光束属于窄带光谱或短波光谱范围。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述第一光源与所述导光模组之间设置有所述第一合光元件，且所述第一光源与所述导光模组的入光口之间的光路距离小于等于所述至少一个第二光源中每个所述第二光源与所述入光口之间的光路距离。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述第一光源包括紫光光源、蓝光光源、绿光光源、琥珀色光源和红光光源中的任意一种光源。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述第一光源为发射短波光谱的紫光光源，所述至少一个第二光源峰值波长比所述紫光光源峰值波长更长，所述第一合光元件为短波通二向色镜。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述第一光源为发射窄带光谱的红光光源，所述至少一个第二光源峰值波长比所述红光光源峰值波长更短，所述第一合光元件为长波通二向色镜。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任意一项所述的光源装置，其特征在于，当所述至少一个第二光源的数量N为至少两个时，所述第一合光模组还包括至少N-1个第二合光元件，每个第二合光元件分别用于将各所述第二光源发出的第二光束进行反射和/或透射后进行合光，形成入射至所述第一合光元件进行反射的第一入射光。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述第一合光元件或/和所述至少一个第二合光元件将对应的所述第一光源或/和第二光源发出的第一光束或/和第二光束进行合光的同时，对其进行长波截止滤波、短波截止滤波或窄带滤波。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述第一光源为宽带的琥珀色光源，所述第一合光元件为二向色镜，所述第一光源发出的光束通过所述二向色镜滤波后得到窄带的波长在590nm-610nm范围内或595nm-610nm范围内的光。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述光源装置还包括滤光片切入切出模组，所述滤光片切入切出模组包括滤光片，用于实现滤光片切入和切出模式的转换，所述滤光片切入和切出模式下所述滤光片位置处输出的光的带宽不同。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的光源装置，所述至少一个第二光源包括绿光光源，具有510nm～560nm的峰值波长，所述滤光片切入切出模组包含绿光滤光片，所述绿光滤光片被配置为对所述绿光光源发出的光进行滤波，得到520nm-550nm或530nm-550nm的窄波段绿光。
  11. 根据权利要求6所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述第一合光元件或所述第二合光元件包括二向色镜，所述二向色镜上有第一光学面和第二光学面，在各个光源发射光后，所述第一光学面用于将对 应的发射光进行光路集成后输出合成光，所述第二光学面用于对发射光分束后进行光通量的检测。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的光源装置，其特征在于，还包括至少一个用于检测发射光的光通量测量模组，所述光通量测量模组的位置与所要检测的光源的位置相对应；
    所述第二光学面能够将对应的光源的发射光分束，得到的反射光作为检测光进入到所述光通量测量模组中。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述二向色镜上的第一光学面仅能够进行光路集成后输出合成光，或
    所述二向色镜上的第一光学面能够透射入射进所述第一光学面的光，以进行光通量检测。
  14. 根据权利要求11-13中任意一项所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述二向色镜上的第一光学面上设置有第一光学区和第二光学区，所述第一光学区的面积与所述第一光学面的面积的比值大于等于90％，所述第二光学区的面积与所述第一光学面的面积的比值小于等于10％；
    所述第二光学区用于透射对应光源的发射光，以使得发射光进入到对应的光通量测量模组中。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述第一光学区上设置有二向色滤光膜，
    所述第二光学区满足以下条件之一：
    所述第二光学区上设置有分束膜，
    所述第二光学区上设置有增透膜，或
    所述第二光学区不镀膜。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的光源装置，其特征在于，与通过所述第二光学区透射的光所对应的光通量测量模组的光敏面，正对经所述第二光学区透射的二向色镜的检测光轴的方向。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的光源装置，其特征在于，通过所述第二光学区透射到对应的所述光通量测量模组上的光束的尺寸大于所述光敏面的尺寸。
  18. 根据权利要求12所述的光源装置，其特征在于，与通过所述第二光学面反射的光所对应的所述光通量测量模组的光敏面，与经所述第二光学面反射的二向色镜的检测光轴的方向成垂直设置。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的光源装置，其特征在于，通过所述第二光学面反射到对应的所述光通量测量模组的光敏面的光束的尺寸均小于对应所述光源上的检测光的光束的尺寸。
  20. 根据权利要求11所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述二向色镜上的第一光学面上设置有分束膜，所述分束膜能够将对应光源的发射光在反射进行光路集成的同时进行透射，或所述分束膜能够将对应光源的发射光在透射进行光路集成的同时进行反射，以使得透射或反射出的光进入到对应的光通量测量模组中。
  21. 根据权利要求11所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述二向色镜上的第一光学面上设置有二向色滤光膜。
  22. 根据权利要求12所述的光源装置，其特征在于，还包括背景光检测器，所述背景光检测器位于对应的光通量测量模组上的对应的检测光束所覆盖的范围之外。
  23. 根据权利要12所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述光通量测量模组包括设置在前端的开口光 阑。
  24. 根据权利要11所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述光源装置包括多个二向色镜，所述多个二向色镜中每个二向色镜的第二光学面上都设置有分束膜，所述分束膜用于对相应的光源的发射光进行分束，每个分束膜用于分束不同波长的发射光，所述分束膜的分束波长范围由所述发射光的波长确定。
  25. 根据权利要求11所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述光源装置包括多个二向色镜，所述多个二向色镜中每个二向色镜的第二光学面上设置有同一分束膜，所述同一分束膜用于分束由第二光学面反射的发射光，在第二光学面反射的发射光波段不同时，所述同一分束膜的分束波长范围能够覆盖所述波段不同的发射光的波长范围。
  26. 根据权利要求24或权利要求25所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述分束膜能够将小于等于10％的光束反射并且能够使得大于等于90％的光束透射。
  27. 根据权利要求6所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述第一光源为发射短波光谱的紫光光源，所述至少一个第二光源的峰值波长均比所述紫光光源峰值波长更长，其中被所述第二合光元件反射的第二光源发出的第二光束的峰值波长比被所述第二合光元件透射的第二光源发出的第二光束的峰值波长更长，所述第二合光元件为短波通二向色镜。
  28. 根据权利要求6所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述第一光源为发射窄带光谱的红光光源，所述至少一个第二光源的峰值波长均比所述红光光源峰值波长短，其中被所述第二合光元件反射的第二光源发出的第二光束的峰值波长比被所述第二合光元件透射的第二光源发出的第二光束的峰值波长更短，所述第二合光元件为长波通二向色镜。
  29. 根据权利要求6-28中任意一项所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个第二合光元件中每个所述第二合光元件与所述第一合光元件之间的第一夹角均小于第一预设角度。
  30. 根据权利要求6-29中任意一项所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述第一合光元件与所述第一合光元件所在光轴之间的第二夹角大于等于第二预设角度且小于等于第三预设角度；所述至少一个第二合光元件中的每个所述第二合光元件与所述第二合光元件所在光轴之间的第三夹角大于等于第四预设角度且小于等于第五预设角度。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述第二预设角度或所述第四预设角度为40°，所述第三预设角度或所述第五预设角度为50°。
  32. 根据权利要求6-31中任意一项所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述光源装置还包括导光部件，所述导光部件设置于以下至少一个位置之一：
    所述导光部件设置于所述第一光源和所述第一合光元件之间，用于将所述第一光束传输至所述第一合光元件；
    所述导光部件设置于所述至少一个第二光源中其中一个所述第二光源和相应的所述第二合光元件之间，用于将所述第二光束传输至所述第二合光元件；或
    所述导光部件设置于所述第一合光元件和所述导光模组之间，用于将所述合成光传输至所述导光模组。
  33. 根据权利要求6-32中任意一项所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述第一合光模组还包括准直透镜；
    所述准直透镜设置于所述第一光源和所述第一合光元件之间，用于将所述第一光束变为平行光束入射到所述第一合光元件；和/或
    所述准直透镜设置于所述至少一个第二光源和相应的所述第二合光元件之间，用于将所述第二光束变为平行光束入射到所述第二合光元件。
  34. 根据权利要求6-33中任意一项所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述第一合光模组还包括第一滤光片和/或第二滤光片；
    所述第一滤光片设置于所述第一光源与所述第一合光元件之间，用于透过所述第一光源的发射光中第一目标波段的光束；
    所述第二滤光片设置于所述至少一个第二光源中其中一个所述第二光源与相应的所述第二合光元件之间，用于透过所述第二光束中第二目标波段的光束。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述第二光源与所述第二合光元件之间设置有所述第二滤光片，则所述第二光源的光轴与所述导光模组的输出光的光轴平行。
  36. 根据权利要求1-35中任意一项所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述第一合光模组还包括聚焦透镜，所述聚焦透镜设置于所述第一合光元件与所述导光模组之间，用于将所述合成光进行聚焦得到耦合进入导光模组的聚焦光束。
  37. 根据权利要求1-36中任意一项所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述光源装置还包括至少一个光通量测量模组；所述光通量测量模组包括分束镜和与所述分束镜相对应的光电传感器；
    所述分束镜设置于所述第一光源与所述第一合光元件之间，用于对所述第一光束进行分束得到第三光束，并将所述第三光束反射至与所述分束镜相对应的光电传感器；和/或，
    所述分束镜设置于所述至少一个第二光源中的每个第二光源与所述第二光源相对应的第二合光元件之间，用于对所述第二光束进行分束得到第四光束，并将所述第四光束反射至与所述分束镜相对应的光电传感器；
    所述光电传感器，用于检测入射到所述光电传感器中的所述第三光束和/或所述第四光束的光通量。
  38. 根据权利要求37所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述分束镜的反射面与所述分束镜所在的光轴的夹角在50°～70°范围内；或所述分束镜和与之对应的第一合光元件或第二合光元件之间的夹角小于第六预设角度。
  39. 根据权利要求37所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述光通量测量模组还包括第三滤光片；
    所述第三滤光片设置于相应的所述分束镜和所述光电传感器之间，用于透过第三目标波段和/或第四目标波段的光束；
    所述第三目标波段与所述合成光中的第一光束的第一目标波段的差异小于第一预设差异阈值；以及
    所述第四目标波段与所述合成光中的第二光束的第二目标波段的差异小于第二预设差异阈值。
  40. 根据权利要求1-39中任意一项所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述光源装置还包括第一散热模组和第二散热模组，用于对所述光源装置进行散热；所述第一散热模组的散热方向与所述输出光的光轴平行，所述第二散热模组的散热方向与所述输出光的光轴垂直。
  41. 根据权利要求1-40中任意一项所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述光源装置还包括光源扩展接口，所述光源扩展接口用于连接扩展模组；所述扩展模组包括所述至少一个第三光源和与所述第三光源对应的第二合光模组，所述至少一个第三光源对应的第二合光模组包括第三合光元件，所述第三合光 元件用于对至少一个第三光源发出的第五光束进行反射和/或透射依次实现合光，形成入射至所述第二合光元件进行反射或透射的第二入射光。
  42. 根据权利要求41所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述扩展模组的至少一个第三光源包括红光光源。
  43. 根据权利要求41所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述扩展模组的至少一个第三光源包括红光光源和琥珀色光源。
  44. 根据权利要求41所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个第三光源包括红光光源、第一红外光源和第二红外光源。
  45. 根据权利要求41所述的光源装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个第二光源或第三光源相关的光束属于窄带光谱或短波光谱范围，所述至少一个第二光源或第三光源的光轴与所述导光模组的输出光的光轴平行。
  46. 一种内窥镜系统，其特征在于，所述内窥镜系统包括导光模组、照明模组、摄像模组、处理模块、显示模块以及如权利要求1-45任一项所述的光源装置；
    所述光源装置，用于将合成光输入到所述导光模组；
    所述导光模组，用于将输入光传输至所述照明模组；
    所述照明模组，用于将传输至所述照明模组上的合成光扩散至所述受测组织上；
    所述摄像模组，用于获取所述受测组织的图像；
    所述处理模块，用于对所述图像进行信号处理，得到信号处理后的图像；
    所述显示模块，用于展示所述信号处理后的图像。
  47. 根据权利要求46所述的内窥镜系统，其特征在于，所述光源装置包括光电传感器；
    所述光电传感器，用于检测各所述光源的光通量；
    所述处理模块，还用于获取所述光通量的检测信号，并根据所述检测信号与预设检测信号之间的差异值调整所述光源装置的驱动电流。
  48. 根据权利要求46或权利要求47所述的内窥镜系统，其特征在于，所述内窥镜系统还包括输入模块和控制模块；
    所述输入模块，用于获取输入指令；所述输入指令包括普通白光模式、特殊光模式和混合光模式中的任意一种光模式的工作指令；
    所述控制模块，用于根据所述输入指令中的光模式控制所述光源装置输出的合成光的光模式。
PCT/CN2023/113538 2022-08-17 2023-08-17 光源装置和内窥镜系统 Ceased WO2024037590A1 (zh)

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