WO2024043133A1 - 油井管、油井管ねじ継手、及び塗料 - Google Patents
油井管、油井管ねじ継手、及び塗料 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024043133A1 WO2024043133A1 PCT/JP2023/029435 JP2023029435W WO2024043133A1 WO 2024043133 A1 WO2024043133 A1 WO 2024043133A1 JP 2023029435 W JP2023029435 W JP 2023029435W WO 2024043133 A1 WO2024043133 A1 WO 2024043133A1
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- oil country
- pin
- alkaline soap
- resin
- coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D201/00—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
- C09D201/02—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups
- C09D201/06—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups containing oxygen atoms
- C09D201/08—Carboxyl groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/63—Additives non-macromolecular organic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/22—Carboxylic acids or their salts
- C10M105/24—Carboxylic acids or their salts having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom, cycloaliphatic carbon atom or hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/38—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing halogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
- C10M129/28—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L15/00—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints
- F16L15/001—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints with conical threads
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L15/00—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints
- F16L15/04—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints with additional sealings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/08—Aldehydes; Ketones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
- C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/102—Polyesters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/102—Polyesters
- C10M2209/1023—Polyesters used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2213/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2213/003—Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2213/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2213/06—Perfluoro polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/015—Dispersions of solid lubricants
- C10N2050/02—Dispersions of solid lubricants dissolved or suspended in a carrier which subsequently evaporates to leave a lubricant coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/023—Multi-layer lubricant coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/023—Multi-layer lubricant coatings
- C10N2050/025—Multi-layer lubricant coatings in the form of films or sheets
Definitions
- the present invention provides oil country tubular goods whose threaded portions are provided with lubricity and rust prevention properties by a solid lubricating coating, an oil country tubular threaded joint using the same, and a threaded joint for forming the outermost layer (top coat layer) of the threaded portion.
- This is a technology related to paint.
- the paint may be used for repairing a lubricating film formed on the threaded portion of an oil country tubular product.
- a common technique is to apply a viscous lubricant called a compound to form a wet lubricant film on the threaded portion, and then tighten the joint.
- This compound mainly contains heavy metals such as Pb and Zn.
- environmental pollution has become a problem, and there has been a shift toward lubricants that do not contain heavy metals to lubricate threaded parts.
- wet lubricants are used, the following problems arise. For example, when used in the desert, if flying sand adheres to the threads of oil country tubular goods, there is a risk of seizing when tightening the threaded joint. Furthermore, when used in cold regions, there is a problem in that wet lubricants freeze and are difficult to apply.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a double coating consisting of a viscous liquid or semisolid lubricating coating and a dry solid coating formed thereon. Patent Document 1 states that with this configuration, the oil country pipe threaded joint has not only rust prevention and seizure resistance, but also resistance to foreign matter adhesion. Furthermore, Patent Document 1 states that the lubricant must contain at least a fatty acid alkaline earth metal salt. Further, Patent Document 1 describes that components selected from organic resins, oil agents, and additives may be blended in order to improve the uniform dispersibility of fatty acid alkaline earth metal salts.
- Patent Document 2 a solid lubricant film with a high coefficient of friction is formed on a part of the metal contact portion. Further, in Patent Document 2, a viscous liquid lubricant film or a solid lubricant film with a low coefficient of friction is formed on the surface of a portion other than the contact surface and at least one of the contact surfaces of the mating member. Patent Document 2 describes that this configuration achieves large torque-on shoulder resistance. Patent Document 2 describes pine resin-based substances, waxes, metal soaps, and basic aromatic organic acid metal salts as preferred examples of the viscous liquid lubricating film. Further, in Patent Document 2, a metal soap is defined as a salt of a fatty acid with a metal other than an alkali metal. Patent Document 2 states that this configuration is effective in increasing the anti-seizure effect and anti-corrosion effect of the coating.
- Patent Document 3 describes that a lubricating film-forming composition is applied to the fitting surface of either a box or a pin constituting a threaded joint to form a lubricating film.
- the composition for forming a lubricating film is formed by dissolving one or more basic oils selected from basic sulfonates, basic salicylates, and basic phenates in a dissolving base.
- Patent Document 3 describes that this configuration provides good rust prevention and lubricity.
- thermoplastic resin powder may be contained in order to further improve seizure resistance.
- Patent Document 3 describes that the basic oil may contain an alkaline earth metal salt or an alkali metal salt of a fatty acid as a diluent component.
- Patent Document 4 discloses an invention relating to a lubricant used when wire-drawing a metal raw material to be processed using a die.
- Patent Document 4 describes the following advantages of a lubricant for dry wire drawing containing an alkali metal soap. That is, the first advantage is that a film with excellent lubricity is formed. The second advantage is that since the film is water-soluble, the lubricant can be easily removed before plating or heat treatment.
- Patent Document 4 states that a drawback of dry wire drawing lubricants containing alkali metal soaps is that they liquefy when exposed to high temperatures, reducing the followability and spreadability to wire rods required of lubricants. are listed.
- Patent Document 4 describes that a certain amount of unsaturated fatty acid metal soap or alkaline soap, which tends to cause an intermolecular polymerization reaction, is added to a saturated fatty acid metal soap or alkaline soap. This description is based on harsh wire drawing conditions at high temperature, high pressure, and high speed.
- Patent Document 4 states that with this configuration, it is possible to obtain a lubricant for dry wire drawing that exhibits lubricity, peeling resistance, heat resistance, and high-temperature spreadability even under the above-mentioned severe conditions. ing.
- the lubricant described in Patent Document 4 is produced by drying the blended predetermined components. Then, the lubricant is used by being crushed into a solid, powder, or granule and then dropped into a die box.
- Patent Document 5 discloses an invention related to a steel wire rod having a lubricating film on the surface.
- Patent Document 5 describes as one of the prior art that a composite coating (chemical conversion coating) consisting of a zinc phosphate coating and a soap layer has high workability and corrosion resistance.
- Patent Document 5 describes that from the viewpoint of environmental conservation, a lubricating film that does not contain phosphorus is required in recent years.
- Patent Document 5 describes that silicon, tungsten, and an alkali metal salt of a fatty acid are mixed in a predetermined ratio.
- Patent Document 5 describes that according to the structure, a lubricating film having high workability and corrosion resistance can be obtained even without containing phosphorus.
- the alkali metal salt of fatty acid is blended in order to reduce the friction of the lubricating film and prevent poor forging appearance. It is also stated that since the alkali metal salt is water-soluble, water evaporates to form a film. Patent Document 5 states that when forming the film, the alkali metal salt precipitates finely and uniformly, making it difficult for local differences in wear to occur and providing a good pressed appearance. There is.
- the present inventors have found that when tightening oil country pipe screws in actual wells, cases are often seen in which the pin screw is rotated with power tongs when the pin screw and box screw are not fully engaged. .
- the inventors of the present invention have discovered that galling resistance is reduced in the case of a solid lubricant film due to tightening performed in the following two steps. That is, the solid lubricant coating formed on the threaded portion of the threaded joint is damaged by the eccentricity and whirling of the oil country tubular goods at the stage where the threads are not engaged (step 1). As a result, we have discovered a phenomenon in which the galling resistance in the tightening process (step 2) after the screw engagement is reduced.
- the solid lubricant coating is subjected to the pin's own weight (large load) and the uneven load due to the uneven movement of the pin. Then, there is a high risk that the solid lubricant coating will be abnormally scraped or completely peeled off.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 are cases where the tightening/retightening test conditions were to turn at 15 to 25 rpm until torque was established, and then turn at 2.5 to 1.5 rpm once torque was established. This is the result of testing under more severe conditions (high rotational speed) than the conditions specified in the screw handling instructions (tightening instructions in the technical package).
- the case shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is an example of evaluation of solid lubricant coating using JFELION TM screws for well fastening material and strength grade 9-5/8"53.5# Q125 material.
- FIG. 3 is a torque turn chart when a short pin of about 1 m was used and tightened with vertical power tongs, based on the conventional laboratory evaluation method. Because the pin is short, it is not difficult to handle, and the pin can be set straight and tightened by hand until the pin thread is hardly exposed ( Figure 3(b)). In the torque turn chart in this case, the torque starts to rise from the beginning of tightening, and tightening is performed after exceeding the shoulder torque bending point. That is, in this case, it becomes a very general chart (FIG. 3(a)).
- the reason why the torque builds up immediately is because the pin screw and box screw are sufficiently engaged at the initial setting stage, and tightening is performed from the preset position.
- FIG. 4 is a torque turn chart when using Range-3, that is, one actual size pin of over 40 feet (over 12 m), and is the result of a test conducted in a simulated well.
- the unit (size) of the horizontal axis is different from that in FIG.
- a simulated well is not an actual well that produces oil or gas, but rather an experiment in which a hole is drilled to allow three full-sized pins to enter underground (downward). It is a well.
- there is a rig in the shed that can hang and set two to three connected pins, which means a group of equipment and experimental facilities that can perform tightening and loosening tests.
- the example torque chart in FIG. 4 is what happens when setting and tightening a Range-3 pin, that is, a little over 40 feet (12 meters).
- the pin since the pin is the actual size (approximately 12 meters or more), the pin cannot be set completely straight, and in most cases, the pin is inserted slightly at an angle. Note that this is the same condition as in the case of a real well. For this reason, even if you set the pin by hand-tightening, the pin screw and box screw will hit too hard in some areas. For this reason, if the pin is manually tightened, five or more threads, and in many cases about half of the total threads, will be exposed from the box and will not advance any further. From this state, tightening with tongs begins.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 all relate to solid lubrication technology for oil country pipe threaded joints. However, Patent Documents 1 to 3 are assumed to be examples of tests and evaluations using short pins. Therefore, in Patent Documents 1 to 3, there is room for improvement in reducing damage to the solid lubricant film in step 1.
- Patent Documents 4 and 5 are methods for using solid lubricants in technical fields other than the field of oil country tubular goods, and relate to lubrication applications in plastic working of metals. That is, Patent Documents 4 and 5 do not describe any application to the field of oil country tubular goods.
- Patent Document 4 metal soap or alkaline soap is employed as the solid lubricant.
- the technique of Patent Document 4 assumes that the lubricant is in the form of solid, powder, or granules, and that the lubricant is administered to a dry environment for use. Therefore, the technique of Patent Document 4 is not intended to be used for oil country tubular screws. For example, even if the solid lubricant described in Patent Document 4 is applied to a vertically erected oil country tubular thread, the solid lubricant falls and is not retained on the surface of the threaded portion.
- Patent Document 5 a lubricating film containing an alkaline soap is formed on the surface of the steel material by applying a predetermined chemical solution to the steel material and then evaporating water, which is a solvent.
- a predetermined chemical solution to the steel material and then evaporating water, which is a solvent.
- the water-soluble alkaline soap provided on the threaded portion of the oil country pipe is easily washed away by rain or by backflow of muddy water from within the well.
- the method described in Patent Document 5 cannot maintain lubricity.
- oil country tubular screws are required to have strong corrosion resistance so that they do not rust even during outdoor storage for several years.
- Patent Document 4 does not require rust prevention.
- Patent Document 5 only requires rust resistance that can withstand indoor storage for only two months.
- the present invention has focused on the above-mentioned points, and an object of the present invention is to provide an oil country pipe threaded joint having a solid lubricant coating with excellent lubricity and rust prevention properties.
- the alkaline soap in the present disclosure refers to a salt consisting of a fatty acid and an alkali metal such as sodium or potassium.
- the alkaline soaps of the present disclosure are distinguished from metal soaps, which are salts of fatty acids and metals other than alkali metals.
- alkaline soap is water-soluble and has poor waterproof and rust-proof properties. This is also because metal soaps are easier to disperse than general binder resins.
- the present inventors have found that by purposely adding alkaline soap to the solvent in which the resin is dissolved, an alkaline soap layer is formed on the surface layer of the resin film, which is effective in reducing the above-mentioned backlash. Ta. Based on this knowledge, the inventor made the present invention.
- one aspect of the present invention is an oil country tubular goods constituting the box or pin used in an oil country pipe threaded joint in which a box having a female thread and a pin having a male thread are connected.
- the outermost layer of the threaded portion has a resin coating containing a binder resin and an alkali soap as a solid lubricant, and the resin coating has an alkali soap layer formed on the surface.
- an aspect of the present invention is an oil country pipe threaded joint formed by connecting a box having a female thread and a pin having a male thread, wherein at least one of the box and the pin is made of the oil country pipe according to one aspect of the present invention.
- the gist is that.
- a resin layer in which alkaline soap is dispersed on the surface side as the outermost layer of the threaded portion of an oil country tubular product, a resin layer having a simple structure and excellent lubricity and rust prevention properties can be achieved. It becomes possible to provide an oil country pipe threaded joint with a solid lubricant coating.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of a lubricating film formed on a threaded portion.
- (a) is an example of a tightening chart in a conventional laboratory test
- (b) is a diagram showing an example of the initial set position at that time.
- (a) is an example of a tightening chart in an actual well
- (b) is a diagram showing an example of the initial set position at that time.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a tightening chart, in which (a) is a case of an actual well, and (b) is a case of a conventional laboratory test. It is a figure explaining the conditions (weight tongs) of a new laboratory test. It is a figure showing an example of installation of a weight under new laboratory test conditions (weight tongs).
- the present disclosure relates to a coating structure formed on a fastening surface of a threaded portion of an oil country tubular goods used for actual oil/gas, and an oil country tubular threaded joint having the coating structure as a lubricating coating.
- One of the features of this embodiment is the solid lubricant coating formed on the fastening surface of the threaded joint.
- the present disclosure does not particularly limit the structure of the threaded joint itself.
- the structure of the threaded joint may be a known or new structure.
- the oil country tubular goods are made up of a box 2 such as a coupling and a pin 1, as shown in FIG. 1, for example.
- the oil country pipe threaded joint consists of a box 2, such as a coupling, having a female thread 2a, and a pin 1 having a male thread 1a.
- a resin coating based on the present disclosure is formed on the outermost surface of the contact surface (fastening surface) of the threaded portion of at least one of the box 2 and the pin 1 (see FIG. 2). ).
- the resin coating 31 of this embodiment constitutes the outermost layer of the threaded portion when the lubricating coating is composed of multiple layers. That is, when the lubricating film has a multilayer film structure as shown in FIG. 2, the resin film 31 of this embodiment is not applied to the film inside the outermost layer (see FIG. 2(a)). .
- the reference numeral 30 indicates another solid lubricant coating, base layer, etc. formed below the resin coating 31. There may be a plurality of lubricating films under the resin coating 31.
- the main purpose of forming the resin coating 31 of the present disclosure is to reduce backlash in step 1 described above. It is assumed that the lubricity in step 2 depends on other solid lubricant coatings. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is assumed that another solid lubricant coating is formed on one or both of the pin thread and the box thread. For example, the resin coating 31 of the present disclosure is formed on any one of the other formed solid lubricant coatings.
- the resin coating 31 of the present disclosure is formed on the surface of the screw on which the other solid lubricant coating is not formed.
- the resin coating 31 of the present disclosure can also be directly formed on the surface of the threaded portion of an oil country tubular goods country and used simply as a rust-preventing coating for pin screws or box screws.
- the resin coating 31 may be formed as a top coat layer by applying a paint for forming the resin coating 31 of the present disclosure.
- the paint for forming the resin film 31 of this embodiment is made by dissolving alkaline soap as a solid lubricant and binder resin in an organic solvent. This paint is applied to the threaded portions that make up the oil country pipe threaded joint. Thereafter, the resin coating 31 can be obtained by drying the coating liquid while heating it, if necessary.
- Organic solvent an organic solvent other than lower alcohol (having 5 or less carbon atoms) is selected. This is because if a lower alcohol is selected, it will have poor affinity with the binder resin described below, and a homogeneous resin coating 31 will not be formed.
- the type of organic solvent used is not particularly limited as long as it is other than a lower alcohol. However, considering the application on oil country tubular screw production lines where high productivity is required, and the application during oil country tubular tightening work in wells, the organic solvent used should be a quick-drying, highly volatile solvent. is desirable.
- the organic solvent used is preferably a material having a boiling point of 60° C. or lower.
- the organic solvent used is preferably a material having a flash point of 60° C. or higher.
- solvents that satisfy these conditions include fluorine-based solvents.
- fluorine-based solvents include so-called alternative fluorocarbons, such as HFC (hydrofluorocarbon), HFE (hydrofluoroether), HFO (hydrofluoroolefin), and PFC (perfluorocarbon).
- the binder resin serves to hold the alkaline soap, which functions as a solid lubricant, on the oil country tubular threads. As a result, even if the OCTG is vertically erected or comes into contact with running water, the alkaline soap contained in the formed resin coating 31 will not be washed away. Furthermore, when dissolving and dispersing a solid lubricant in a binder resin, homogeneous dissolution and dispersion is generally desired. Therefore, as the binder resin, it is common to select a material that has a high affinity for the solid lubricant, that is, a material that has a similar SP value.
- a binder resin having low compatibility with alkaline soap is intentionally selected.
- the alkaline soap is concentrated on the surface side, that is, the alkaline soap automatically floats to the surface side, making it possible to form an alkaline soap layer 31A with high lubricating effect on the coating surface.
- a binder resin having an SP value of 10.0 cal/cm 3 or less is used as the binder resin.
- the binder resin includes not only a single resin but also a composite resin. Even for the same type of resin, the SP value differs depending on its molecular weight and the type and number of functional groups, so it cannot be said unconditionally which resin satisfies the above-mentioned SP value. Examples of resins with relatively low SP values include fluororesins and polyethylene. Further, setting the SP value of the binder resin to 10.0 cal/cm 3 or less increases the hydrophobicity and water resistance of the resin itself, and also improves the rust prevention property. Further, it is preferable that the binder resin has high water repellency.
- the SP value of the binder resin exceeds 10.0 cal/cm 3 , the rust prevention properties of the resin itself will deteriorate, and deliquescent alkaline soap will be dispersed inside the resin below the alkaline soap layer 31A. become more susceptible to As a result, sufficient rust prevention properties cannot be obtained from the binder resin.
- the SP value of the binder resin it is set to, for example, 5.0 or more.
- the Fedors method may be used to calculate the SP value. If the molecular structure is unknown, turbidity titration may be used.
- the binder resin has an average molecular weight of 10,000 or more and 300,000 or less. If the average molecular weight is too low than 10,000, the affinity with alkaline soap increases and it becomes difficult to obtain a stable alkaline soap layer 31A on the surface layer. On the other hand, if the average molecular weight is too high than 300,000, the hardness of the resin will increase, making it difficult to uniformly apply the paint to the thread surface, and there is a risk that the lubricating effect of the alkaline soap in step 1 described above will be inhibited. be.
- alkaline soap is used as the solid lubricant.
- alkaline soap refers to a salt consisting of a fatty acid and an alkali metal such as sodium or potassium. That is, the alkaline soap in this specification does not include metal soaps that are salts of fatty acids and metals other than alkali metals.
- the type of fatty acid constituting the alkaline soap is not particularly limited.
- Typical fatty acids include stearic acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid, lauric acid, behenic acid, octanoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, ricinoleic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, and the like.
- the alkali metals constituting the alkaline soap are substantially only sodium and potassium.
- These alkali metals are not included in the alkali metals constituting the alkaline soap in this specification. That is, although alkali metals include lithium, rubidium, and cesium, salts of these alkali metals are not included in the soap (alkali soap) of the present disclosure.
- the weight of the alkaline soap is preferably 0.01 to 3 times the weight of the binder resin.
- the resin coating 31 of this embodiment exhibits higher lubrication performance than other lubricants because the alkaline soap concentrates on the surface layer of the resin coating 31, and this causes coating damage due to play occurring before the engagement of oil country pipe threads. Reduce. In order to exhibit this effect, it is preferable to add the alkaline soap in an amount that is at least 0.01 times the weight of the binder resin. On the other hand, if there is too much alkaline soap, the formation of a homogeneous resin coating 31 may be hindered, and the rust prevention properties may deteriorate. For this reason, the upper limit of addition of alkaline soap is preferably three times the weight of the binder resin. In addition, the more preferable weight of the alkaline soap is 0.1 to 2 times the weight of the binder resin.
- the paint forming the resin coating 31 of this embodiment may contain additives other than alkaline soap for the purpose of improving lubricity and rust prevention.
- additives other than alkaline soap for the purpose of improving lubricity and rust prevention.
- other solid lubricants such as PTFE, metal soap, graphite, etc.
- the galling resistance exhibited after the oil country pipe threads are engaged may be enhanced.
- the other solid lubricant one that has a lower SP value than the alkaline soap or one that is heavier than the alkaline soap is used so that the other solid lubricant does not concentrate on the surface layer side of the resin coating 31. It is preferable to use a solid lubricant.
- zinc phosphate or aluminum phosphate may be added as a rust preventive agent to further enhance corrosion resistance during long-term storage.
- the method of applying the paint of this embodiment to the threaded portion of the oil country tubular goods is not particularly limited.
- the coating method include spray coating, brush coating, and dipping. Spray application is preferred in order to form a homogeneous coating. Also, it is best to rotate the oil country tubular goods at a constant speed both during application and during drying. As a result, the resin coating 31 based on the present disclosure is formed.
- alkaline soap is concentrated on the surface side, and an alkaline soap layer 31A is formed on the surface as shown in FIG.
- the alkaline soap is concentrated on the surface side means that 70 wt% or more of the alkaline soap contained in the resin coating 31 is located on the upper half side (surface side) of the resin coating 31. . It is preferable that 90 wt% or more is located on the upper half side (surface side) of the resin coating 31. In this way, the alkaline soap contained in the binder resin is concentrated and dispersed on the surface side, thereby forming the above-mentioned alkaline soap layer 31A. In addition to adjusting the SP value of the binder resin, a good way to concentrate the alkaline soap on the surface side is to rotate the coated OCTG at a constant speed when applying the paint for the resin coating 31 and when the paint is drying. . Furthermore, in order to obtain a stable alkaline soap layer 31A, natural drying is preferable to forced drying.
- the concentration of alkaline soap on the surface side can be confirmed by, for example, quantifying the alkali metal in the alkaline soap using EDX (energy dispersive X-ray analysis).
- EDX energy dispersive X-ray analysis
- This confirmation can be confirmed by the distribution of alkaline soap in the film thickness direction.
- This confirmation is performed, for example, by cutting out a cross-section of the threaded portion after the coating has been formed, and measuring the concentration of alkali metal (sodium or calcium) at equal intervals in the thickness direction using EDX.
- This confirmation is determined, for example, by calculating the average concentration in the upper half of the film thickness with respect to the average density in the entire film thickness.
- the resin coating 31 formed by the above method is preferably soft with a pencil hardness of F or less.
- the hardness of the resin coating 31 is mainly determined by the binder resin. It is thought that by forming such a soft resin coating 31, the film is appropriately scraped off at the stage where play occurs before the oil country tubular screws are engaged, and the lubricity of the alkaline soap layer 31A is exhibited.
- the pencil hardness of the resin coating 31 is more preferably 3B or less. Note that the pencil hardness of the resin coating 31 includes 6B or less.
- the pencil hardness of the resin coating 31 is too high, the effect of reducing backlash may not be obtained. Furthermore, there is a risk that the resin coating 31 peeled off by tightening the screws may not be divided into small pieces, causing clogging, and even causing galling.
- the pencil hardness is measured in accordance with the provisions of JIS K 5600-5-4. Further, the pencil hardness of the resin coating 31 can be adjusted mainly by changing the average molecular weight of the binder resin.
- the thickness of the formed resin film 31 is preferably in the range of 3 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less. If the film thickness is too thin than 3 ⁇ m, sufficient lubricity and rust prevention properties will not be obtained. On the other hand, if the film thickness is too thick than 50 ⁇ m, excessive shavings will be generated during screw tightening, which may cause seizure of the screws.
- Step 1 This is the stage from when the pin screw is inserted into the box screw until the screw engages. This corresponds to the area (x) in FIG. 5(a) when there is initial wobbling in step 1 in FIG. 4(a).
- Step 2 After the screws have engaged, this is the stage where the screws come into strong contact with each other and are tightened.
- step 1 the stage where the screws come into strong contact with each other is loosened and the screw engagement ends (step 2), and the pin screw and box screw do not mesh strongly with each other and have play (play). It can be roughly divided into a stage of loosening (step 1).
- step 1 When tightening an oil country pipe threaded joint, at the stage (step 1) where the pin and the screw of the box are not engaged, backlash, that is, eccentricity and whirling of the oil country pipe, occurs. This play causes damage to the solid lubricant coating formed on the screw.
- a resin coating 31 having an alkali soap layer 31A on the surface is formed directly on the thread surface of at least one of the pin or box, or on the solid lubricant coating. do.
- the alkaline soap layer 31A suppresses damage to the solid lubricant film at the stage (step 1) where the pin and box screws are not engaged. That is, in the present disclosure, when there is "play” until the screws engage in step 1, the alkaline soap on the surface layer of the resin coating 31 ensures “lubrication” so that the screws "slide” into a stable position.
- alkaline soap supports sliding lubrication that guides the screw to a position close to its original engagement position when tightening oil country pipe screws under loose conditions, which is the initial stage of tightening. , has the effect of increasing total lubrication.
- the lubricating properties can be maintained as they are. I can demonstrate it. As a result, the number of times of tightening and unfastening can be stabilized.
- metal soaps have been used as solid lubricants for oil country pipe threaded joints, and alkaline soaps have not attracted attention. This is because alkaline soap is water-soluble and has poor waterproof and rust-proof properties. This is also because metal soap is easier to disperse in general binder resins.
- an alkaline soap layer 31A is formed on the surface layer of the resin coating 31 by intentionally adding an alkaline soap to the solvent in which the resin is dissolved, and this is effective in reducing the above-mentioned backlash. I discovered that. This effect is particularly effective when the weight of the alkaline soap contained in the resin coating 31 is 0.01 to 3 times the weight of the resin constituting the resin coating 31. Thereby, the other solid lubricant coating 30 can exhibit sufficient galling resistance in the tightening process (step 2) after screw engagement.
- the binder resin functions as a binder for alkaline soap. Therefore, even if the OCTG is vertically erected after the paint is applied, or even if the OCTG is exposed to rain or a backflow of muddy water, the alkali soap layer 31A can be prevented from peeling off or being washed away.
- the binder resin by selecting a resin with an SP value of 10.0 cal/cm 3 or less as the binder resin, it is possible to form a stable alkaline soap layer 31A on the surface layer of the resin film, and also to provide the rust prevention required for oil country tubular goods. You can also get Here, if the SP value of the binder resin is too high, the affinity of the resin with alkaline soap and water will increase, and the alkaline soap will also be dispersed inside the resin film. In this case, the film as a whole becomes highly deliquescent, inducing rust.
- the present inventors have found that if the resin coating 31 is too hard, that is, if its pencil hardness exceeds F, even if alkaline soap is added, the above-mentioned backlash suppressing effect may not be sufficiently obtained. I discovered that. This is presumed to be because the binder resin supporting the alkaline soap layer 31A becomes too strong and prevents the alkaline soap layer 31A from sliding. Alternatively, it may be because the polymers in the resin are strongly entangled with each other, making it difficult for alkaline soap molecules to move to the surface layer, making it impossible to obtain a stable alkaline soap layer 31A.
- the resin film 31 of the embodiment is formed by applying a paint made by dissolving alkaline soap and binder resin in an organic solvent and drying it. Therefore, the resin coating 31 can be formed very easily. Therefore, when the already formed resin coating 31 or another lubricating coating is damaged, a repair process may be performed in which the paint of this embodiment is applied to the damaged area and dried. In this case, it becomes possible to repair the coating, and also to repair the lubricity and anticorrosion properties.
- the present disclosure can also take the following configuration.
- An oil country country pipe constituting the box or pin used in an oil country pipe threaded joint formed by connecting a box having a female thread and a pin having a male thread,
- the outermost layer of the threaded part has a resin coating containing binder resin and alkaline soap as a solid lubricant.
- the resin coating has an alkali soap layer formed on its surface.
- the alkaline soap contained in the resin coating concentrates on the surface side to form the alkaline soap layer.
- the binder resin has an SP value of 10.0 cal/cm 3 or less.
- the weight of the alkaline soap is 0.01 to 3 times the weight of the binder resin.
- the resin coating has a pencil hardness of F or less.
- Another solid lubricant coating is provided below the resin coating.
- An oil country pipe threaded joint formed by connecting a box with a female thread and a pin with a male thread, At least one of the box and the pin is made of the oil country tubular goods of the present disclosure.
- a paint for forming the outermost layer on the threaded portion of oil country tubular goods Contains solvent, binder resin, and solid lubricant,
- the solid lubricant contains alkaline soap
- the binder resin has an SP value of 10.0 cal/cm 3 or less, and an average molecular weight of 10,000 or more and 300,000 or less,
- the weight of the alkaline soap is 0.01 times or more and 3 times or less the weight of the binder resin.
- the phenomena that occur during lubrication of oil country pipe threads are considered to be divided into the following two types.
- the inventor obtained the knowledge that it is important to evaluate thread lubrication, including the tightening and loosening (lubrication) at the first stage (Step 1) and the lubrication at the second stage (Step 2). Ta. If these two stages are not taken into account during evaluation, there is a high possibility that troubles will frequently occur in actual wells, even though the laboratory evaluation is OK. Under the new laboratory test conditions, it is possible to simulate and evaluate this two-stage lubrication that can occur in an actual well, and to clarify the meaning of the upper and lower limits defined in the present disclosure.
- the two-stage lubrication is the two steps of (x) (step 1) and (y)+(z) (step 2) in FIG. 5(a).
- the initial setting is not tightened to a level where the screw threads are completely engaged, but rather is tightened at high speeds of about 5-20 rpm using power tongs.
- the pin screw and box screw may come into contact locally, causing considerable damage to the solid lubricant coating.
- step 1 Once a clear torque has been established, the tightening speed is reduced to about 0.5-3 rpm, depending on the type of screw, and tightening is continued until it is completely tightened. This is step 2. Retightening follows the opposite process.
- the new laboratory test conditions will basically be evaluated under conditions that allow for realization of large loads during tightening and unbalanced loads during tightening and unfastening. For example, in the case of a process in which screws are tightened by applying a large load equivalent to a full-sized pin, consideration was given to the wobbling between the screws until they engage with each other. In addition, in the process of loosening screws, the screws lose their engagement with each other and cause rattling. Under the new laboratory test conditions, vertical power tongs 4 are used, as shown in Figure 6. In addition, a short pin 1 is used as a test pin. However, it is possible to apply a load to the upper part of the pin 1 by means of a weight 3 and to unload the load.
- the short pin 1 and the box 2 are tightened with the pin screw 1a and the box screw 2a.
- the initial temporary tightening position so that half of the total number of threads of the pin screw 1a is exposed from the box screw 2a. (See FIG. 4(b)). This is one of the causes of rattling. Start tightening from this state.
- a weight 3 is attached to the end of the pin 1 on the opposite side from the tightening screw for the box screw 2a. The weight of the weight 3 is calculated based on the outer diameter and wall thickness of the actual pin as a load equivalent to one to three actual size pins.
- the weight 3 illustrated in FIG. 6 consists of a weight main body 3A and an insertion rod 13, as shown in FIG.
- the insertion rod 13 is welded to the lower surface of the weight main body 3A, and is arranged in an axially symmetrical position with respect to the weight 3.
- Reference numeral 1c indicates the inner diameter surface of the pin 1.
- the insertion rod 13 and the insertion rod 1 are pre-drilled with holes 1d and 13a that pass through the pin 1 and the insertion rod 13 when the weight 3 is attached as described above. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the weight 3 and the pin 1 are integrated by inserting the piercing rod 12 into the holes 1d and 13a.
- a swivel type hook 11 is welded to the center of the upper axis of the weight 3, and the weight is suspended from a hanging device 20 on the ceiling via a hanging chain 21. Thereby, by adjusting the degree of lifting of the weight by the hanging device 20, it is possible to adjust the magnitude of the load of the weight on the pin.
- the suspension chain 21 When tightening, the suspension chain 21 is loosened, a weight is applied to the box screw, and the box screw is tightened at 5 to 20 rpm until torque is established (step 1). This is a simulation of rattling. Once the torque is established, reduce the rotational speed to 0.5 to 2 rpm and tighten to the tightening position (Step 2). On the other hand, when loosening (retightening), the weight 3 is lifted by the hanging device 20, and the tightening is performed without applying the load of the weight 3. When the torque is high, the rotation speed starts to slow down at 0.5 to 2 rpm. Then, when the torque reaches about 1/10 of the tightening torque value, loosen by rotating at a high speed of 5 to 20 rpm. This makes it possible to conduct laboratory tests under conditions close to actual wells.
- Table 1 shows the test conditions and evaluation results.
- P/B indicates the weight ratio of the solid lubricant (alkaline soap) to the binder resin.
- the main difference between saturated polyester A and saturated polyester B described in Table 1 is the hydroxyl value. That is, as the saturated polyester A, one having a hydroxyl value of 10 [KOHmg/g] or less was used. Further, as the saturated polyester B, one having a hydroxyl value of around 100 [KOHmg/g] was used.
- the fluororesin A one having an average molecular weight of about 30,000 was used, and as the fluororesin B, one having an average molecular weight of about 200,000 was used.
- HFO, toluene, or MEK was used as the organic solvent.
- Comparative Example 1 is a resin coating 31 with an SP value of 10.0 cal/cm 3 or less. However, this is an example in which the resin coating 31 does not contain alkaline soap. Evaluation was made based on the conditions of Comparative Example 1. The resin coating 31 of Comparative Example 1 had a pencil hardness of B. In Comparative Example 1, the rust prevention property was 5 points and there was no problem, but the number of tightening and unfastening was 2 times and the result was a failure.
- Examples 1 to 4 are tests in which sodium stearate was employed as the alkaline soap contained in the resin coating 31, and the influence of its concentration was confirmed.
- the pencil hardness was B or 2B.
- the P/B value which indicates the ratio of the weight of the solid lubricant to the weight of the binder resin, was in the range of 0.01 to 3, the number of tightening and unfastening times was judged to be acceptable.
- the effect of improving galling resistance can be obtained.
- it has been found that increasing the amount of alkaline soap added is sufficient to obtain a higher effect. This is because the lubricity of the alkaline soap reduces damage to the solid lubricant coating on the screw caused by play in step 1.
- the P/B value should be 0.01 or more and 3 or less.
- the P/B value is preferably 0.1 or more and 2 or less, more preferably 0.5 or more and 1.4 or less. In view of this, P/B was set to 1 in the following Examples and Comparative Examples.
- Comparative Example 2 is a test in which metal soap, more specifically Ca stearate, was added instead of alkaline soap. Comparative Example 2 had a pencil hardness of 2B, which was the same as Example 3. However, in Comparative Example 2, although there was no problem in rust prevention with a score of 5, the number of tightening and unfastening times was 4. That is, in Comparative Example 2, the galling resistance was significantly lower than in Example 3 in which alkaline soap (Na stearate) was added. This is because Ca stearate is dispersed within the resin film 31, and a stable soap layer is not formed on the surface layer of the film unlike Na stearate.
- Example 5 is an example in which a different binder resin from Examples 1 to 4 was selected. Specifically, a fluororesin having a lower SP value (7.6 cal/cm 3 ) and a slightly higher pencil hardness (F) was used. As a result, both the number of tightening and unfastening times and the rust prevention were the highest, along with Example 3.
- Comparative Examples 3 and 4 are examples in which the binder resin has a high SP value.
- a saturated polyester resin different from Examples 1 to 4 was used.
- nitrocellulose was used.
- the SP value of Comparative Example 3 was 11.9 cal/cm 3
- the SP value of Comparative Example 4 was 13.0 cal/cm 3 .
- Comparative Examples 3 and 4 both met the acceptance criteria in terms of the number of times of tightening and unfastening, but were found to be inferior to Example 3, which had the same P/B value and a low SP value.
- Comparative Examples 3 and 4 were rejected with 3 points and 2 points for rust prevention, respectively.
- Comparative Example 5 is an example in which the resin coating 31 has high pencil hardness. Comparative Example 5 achieved a pencil hardness of 3H by employing a fluororesin different from that of Example 5. Comparative Example 5 had an SP value of 6.7 cal/cm 3 , which was very low like Example 5, but the number of tightening and unfastening was only 4 times. This also shows that unless the pencil hardness of the resin coating 31 is kept low, the lubricating effect of the alkaline soap layer 31A cannot be sufficiently obtained. Based on the results of Example 5, it is considered that it is better to keep the pencil hardness at F or below.
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Abstract
Description
塗料は、油井管のねじ部に形成した潤滑膜の補修用に用いられても良い。
ここで、近年、環境汚染が問題視されており、ねじ部の潤滑として、重金属を含まない潤滑剤への転換が進んできている。しかし、湿式の潤滑剤を使用している限りにおいては、次の課題がある。例えば、砂漠での使用では、飛来してきた砂が油井管のねじ部に付着した場合、ねじ継手の締付け時に焼き付きを発生するリスクがある。また、寒冷地での使用の場合、湿式の潤滑剤が凍結して塗布が難しいという課題が存在する。
特許文献1では、粘稠液体または半固体の潤滑被膜と、その上に形成された乾燥固体被膜からなる2重被膜が開示されている。特許文献1には、この構成によって、油井管ねじ継手は、防錆性や耐焼付性のみならず、異物の付着しにくさも兼ね備える、と記載されている。また、特許文献1には、潤滑剤として、少なくとも脂肪酸アルカリ土類金属塩が含まれている必要があると記載されている。また特許文献1には、脂肪酸アルカリ土類金属塩の均一分散性を高めるために、有機樹脂、油剤、添加剤から選ばれた成分を配合しても良いと記載されている。
一方、油井管ねじ継手の分野とは異なる、他分野における固体潤滑技術については、例えば特許文献4、5に記載がある。
特許文献4には、ダイスで金属製被加工原材を伸線加工する際に用いられる潤滑剤に関する発明が開示されている。特許文献4には、アルカリ金属石鹸を含む乾式伸線用潤滑剤の利点として次のことが記載されている。すなわち、第1の利点として、潤滑性に優れた被膜が形成される点が記載されている。また、第2の利点として、その被膜が水溶性であることから、メッキや熱処理の前に、潤滑剤を容易に除去できる点が記載されている。
固体潤滑被膜は、実井戸を考えると、締付け時や締戻し時には、不可避的に、固体潤滑被膜が、ある程度、削り取られることを想定する必要がある。発明者は、その削り取られた破片が、従来にあっては、焼き付きのトラブルのもとになる、との知見を得た。このため、実際での井戸か実際の井戸に近い条件を模擬して、固体潤滑被膜の潤滑性評価を実施しないと、実井戸では意味を持たない評価となる、との知見を得た。
なお、粘性液体状の潤滑コンパウンドの場合は、湿式のため、ラボでの短尺ピンを使った締付け締戻評価と実際の井戸での状況に、あまり大きな差はない。ラボでの評価に準じて、実際の井戸での判定も連動する傾向がある。粘性液体状の潤滑コンパウンドは、締め付け締戻し時に、締付けに連動して動くことが効いていると想定される。
実際の井戸で、実長のピンねじがボックスねじに締め付けられる状況は、教科書に書いてあるような理想状態では実施されない。理想状態では、ボックスねじに対して、実寸ピンが直立して、はめ込んでセットされ、かつ、真っ直ぐ締めこまれるイメージになると思われる。しかし、実際はそうでない。油井管ねじの構造は、差し込む形でピンねじがボックスねじに入っている状態では、不完全ねじ部分があり、その部分のガタ(遊び、余裕)の分だけ、初期セット時に、ピンがわずかに斜めにセットされる場合が数多くある。そして、ねじの締付け当初には、遊びの分だけ、ピンねじが触れ回る。このため、ねじ同士が噛み合うまでには、固体潤滑被膜は、ピン自重(大荷重)と、ピンが偏在して動くための偏荷重が重畳する。そして、どうしても、固体潤滑被膜が異常に削られたり、根こそぎ剥離されたりする懸念が高くなる。
図3、図4に示す事例は、締付け締戻し試験条件が、トルクが立つまでは、15~25rpmで回し、トルクが立ったら、2.5~1.5rpmで回した事例である。これは、ねじの取り扱い説明(Technical package中の締付け説明)の規定の条件を超えて、より厳しい条件(速い回転数)で試験した結果である。図3、図4に示す事例は、井戸締付け材料・強度グレードは、9-5/8” 53.5# Q125素材に、JFELIONTMねじで、固体潤滑被膜の評価の一例である。
一方、特許文献4、5は、油井管分野以外の技術分野での固体潤滑剤の使用方法であって、金属の塑性加工での潤滑用途に関するものである。すなわち、特許文献4、5には、油井管分野への転用についてなんら記載されていない。
更に、油井管ねじには、数年にわたる屋外保管中にも発錆しない強い耐食性が求められる。しかし、一般に、アルカリ石鹸は、その潮解性によって水を呼び込むため、耐食性という観点からは通常好ましくないと認識されている。しかし、現実として、特許文献4では、防錆性を必要としていない。また、特許文献5では、僅か2ヶ月間の屋内保管に耐え得る防錆性しか求めていない。
ここで、本開示におけるアルカリ石鹸は、脂肪酸とナトリウムやカリウム等のアルカリ金属からなる塩を指す。本開示のアルカリ石鹸は、脂肪酸とアルカリ金属以外の金属塩である金属石鹸とは区別する。
しかし、本発明者らは、樹脂を溶かした溶剤に対し、あえてアルカリ石鹸を添加することで、樹脂被膜の表層にアルカリ石鹸層が形成され、これが上述のガタの低減に有効であることを見出した。そして、発明者は、この知見に基づき本発明をなした。
また、本発明の態様は、雌ねじを有するボックス及び雄ねじを有するピンが連結してなる油井管ねじ継手であって、ボックス及びピンのうちの少なくとも一方が、本発明の一態様の油井管からなる、ことを要旨とする。
本開示は、実際の石油/ガスに使用される油井管のねじ部における、締結面に形成した被膜構造及びその被膜構造を潤滑被膜として有する油井管ねじ継手に関する。本実施形態は、ねじ継手の締結面に形成される固体潤滑被膜に特徴の一つを有する。
ただし、本開示は、ねじ継手の構造自体について特に限定はない。ねじ継手の構造は、公知の若しくは新規の構造を採用すればよい。
油井管は、例えば図1に示すような、カップリングなどのボックス2や、ピン1からなる。
油井管ねじ継手は、図1に示すように、雌ねじ2aを有するカップリングなどのボックス2と、雄ねじ1aを有するピン1とからなる。
そして、本実施形態では、ボックス2及びピン1のうちの少なくとも一方の部品における、ねじ部の接触面(締結面)の最表面に、本開示に基づく樹脂被膜が形成されている(図2参照)。
もっとも、本開示の樹脂被膜31は、油井管のねじ部表面に直接形成されて、単にピンねじやボックスねじの防錆被膜として活用することも可能である。また、補修や表面保護のために、本開示の樹脂被膜31を形成する塗料を塗布して、樹脂被膜31をトップコート層として形成しても良い。
本実施形態の樹脂被膜31を形成するための塗料は、固体潤滑剤としてのアルカリ石鹸とバインダー樹脂を有機溶剤に溶かしてできた塗料からなる。この塗料を、油井管ねじ継手を構成するねじ部に塗布する。その後、必要に応じて、塗布液を加熱しながら乾燥させることで、樹脂被膜31を得ることが出来る。
有機溶剤としては、低級アルコール(炭素数5以下)以外の有機溶剤を選択する。低級アルコールを選ぶと、後述のバインダー樹脂との親和性が悪く、均質な樹脂被膜31が形成されなくなるためである。
使用する有機溶剤は、低級アルコール以外であれば、有機溶剤の種類は特に問わない。ただし、高い生産性が要求される、油井管ねじ製造ライン上での塗布や、井戸での油井管締付作業中の塗布も考慮すると、使用する有機溶剤は、速乾性、高揮発性の溶剤が望ましい。具体的には、使用する有機溶剤は、沸点が60℃以下の材料であることが好ましい。
これらの条件を満たす溶剤として、フッ素系溶剤が挙げられる。このようなフッ素系溶剤としては、いわゆる代替フロン、すなわち、HFC(ハイドロフルオロカーボン)、HFE(ハイドロフルオロエーテル)、HFO(ハイドロフルオロオレフィン)、PFC(パーフルオロカーボン)等が例示できる。
バインダー樹脂は、固体潤滑剤として機能するアルカリ石鹸を、油井管のねじ上に保持する役割を果たす。これにより、油井管を垂直に立てても、流水に触れても、形成した樹脂被膜31に含有されるアルカリ石鹸が流失することはない。
また、固体潤滑剤をバインダー樹脂に溶解・分散させる場合、一般的に均質な溶解・分散が志向される。このため、バインダー樹脂として、固体潤滑剤に親和性の高い材料、すなわち、SP値の近い材料を選択するのが普通である。
この観点から、本実施形態では、バインダー樹脂として、SP値が10.0cal/cm3以下のバインダー樹脂を用いる。
また、バインダー樹脂のSP値を10.0cal/cm3以下にすることは、樹脂自体の疎水性・耐水性を高め、防錆性を向上させることにもなる。
また、バインダー樹脂は、撥水性が高いほうが好ましい。
ここで、バインダー樹脂のSP値の下限値は特に無いが、例えば5.0以上とする。
ここで、SP値の算出には、分子構造が既知の場合、Fedors法を用いれば良い。分子構造が不明な場合、濁度滴定法を用いれば良い。
本実施形態では、固体潤滑剤としてアルカリ石鹸を用いる。
本開示において、アルカリ石鹸とは、脂肪酸とナトリウムやカリウム等のアルカリ金属からなる塩を指す。すなわち、本明細書のアルカリ石鹸には、脂肪酸とアルカリ金属以外の金属塩である金属石鹸を含まない。
アルカリ石鹸を構成する脂肪酸の種類は特に問わない。脂肪酸は、代表的なものとして、ステアリン酸、パルミチン酸、ミリスチン酸、ラウリン酸、ベヘン酸、オクタン酸、オレイン酸、リノール酸、リノレン酸、リシノール酸、12-ヒドロキシステアリン酸等が挙げられる。
他にもアルカリ金属は存在するが、通常アルカリ石鹸という形で出回っていないか、リチウムのように、むしろアルカリ土類金属(脂肪酸との塩としては金属石鹸)に似た性質のものである。これらのアルカリ金属は、本明細書において、アルカリ石鹸を構成するアルカリ金属に含めない。すなわち、アルカリ金属には、リチウム、ルビジウム、セシウムがあるが、これらのアルカリ金属の塩は、本開示の石鹸(アルカリ石鹸)には含めない。
アルカリ石鹸の重量は、バインダー樹脂の重量の0.01倍以上3倍以下であることが好ましい。
この効果が発揮されるためには、アルカリ石鹸は、少なくともバインダー樹脂の重量の0.01倍の重量を添加することが好ましい。一方、アルカリ石鹸が多過ぎると、均質な樹脂被膜31の形成を妨げ、防錆性が劣化するおそれがある。このため、アルカリ石鹸は、バインダー樹脂の重量の3倍を添加上限とするのが良い。なお、アルカリ石鹸のより好ましい重量は、バインダー樹脂の重量の0.1倍以上2倍以下である。
本実施形態の樹脂被膜31を形成する塗料には、潤滑性や防錆性の向上等を目的に、アルカリ石鹸以外の添加物が含まれても良い。
例えば、他の固体潤滑剤として、PTFE、金属石鹸、黒鉛等を添加することで、油井管ねじ噛み合い後に発揮する耐ゴーリング性を高めても良い。この場合、他の固体潤滑剤として、アルカリ石鹸よりもSP値が低いものや、アルカリ石鹸よりも質量が重いものを、採用して、他の固体潤滑剤が樹脂被膜31の表層側に集中しない固体潤滑剤を採用することが好ましい。
あるいは、防錆剤としてリン酸亜鉛やリン酸アルミニウムを添加して、長期保管における耐食性を更に高めても良い。
本実施形態の塗料の油井管のねじ部への塗布方法は、特に限定しない。塗布方法としては、例えば、スプレー塗布、刷毛塗り、浸漬等が挙げられる。均質な被膜を形成するためには、スプレー塗布が好ましい。また、塗布時も乾燥時も、油井管を定速回転させるのが良い。
これによって、本開示に基づく樹脂被膜31が形成される。
この樹脂被膜31は、図2のように、アルカリ石鹸が表面側に集中して、図2のように、表面にアルカリ石鹸層31Aが形成される。
アルカリ石鹸を表面側に集中させる方法としては、バインダー樹脂のSP値の調整の他、樹脂被膜31用の塗料の塗布時やその塗料の乾燥時に、塗布した油井管を定速回転させるのが良い。また、安定したアルカリ石鹸層31Aを得るためには、強制乾燥よりも自然乾燥の方が好ましい。
上述の方法で形成された樹脂被膜31は、鉛筆硬度がF以下の軟質であることが好ましい。樹脂被膜31の硬度は、主としてバインダー樹脂にて決定される。
このような軟質の樹脂被膜31とすることで、油井管ねじ噛み合い前のガタが生じる段階で、適度に膜が削られ、アルカリ石鹸層31Aの潤滑性が発揮されるものと考えられる。
樹脂被膜31の鉛筆硬度は、より好ましくは3B以下であることが好ましい。なお、樹脂被膜31の鉛筆硬度として6B以下も含む。
ここで、鉛筆硬度の測定は、JIS K 5600-5-4の規定に則って測定するものとする。また、樹脂被膜31の鉛筆硬度は、主にバインダー樹脂の平均分子量を変更することで調整可能である。
形成した樹脂被膜31の膜厚は3μm以上、50μm以下の範囲が好ましい。膜厚が3μmよりも薄過ぎると、十分な潤滑性や防錆性が得られなくなる。一方、膜厚が50μmよりも厚過ぎると、ねじ締付時に過剰な削りカスが発生し、それがねじの焼付きの原因となるおそれがある。
上述したように、油井管ねじの潤滑挙動は、次の2つのステップの段階に大別できる。
ステップ1:ピンねじがボックスねじに差し込まれてから、ねじが噛みあうまでの段階である。これは、図4(a)の初期のガタツキがあるステップ1のとき、図5(a)の(x)領域に相当する。
ステップ2:ねじが噛みあった後に、ねじ同士が強く接触して締まる段階である。
そして、油井管ねじ継手の締付けにおいて、ピンとボックスのねじが噛み合っていない段階(ステップ1)では、ガタ、すなわち油井管の偏心や振れ回りが発生する。このガタの発生により、ねじ上に形成した固体潤滑被膜に損傷が発生する。
ここで、従来、油井管ねじ継手の固体潤滑剤として、金属石鹸が用いられており、アルカリ石鹸が注目されることはなかった。これは、アルカリ石鹸が水溶性であり、防水性や防錆性に劣るためである。また、一般的なバインダー樹脂に対しては、金属石鹸の方が分散し易いためである。
これにより、ねじ噛み合い後の締付け工程(ステップ2)において、他の固体潤滑被膜30が十分な耐ゴーリング性を発揮することができる。
更に、上記バインダー樹脂として、SP値が10.0cal/cm3以下の樹脂を選択することで、樹脂膜の表層に安定したアルカリ石鹸層31Aを形成できる上に、油井管に必要な防錆性も得ることができる。ここで、バインダー樹脂のSP値が高過ぎると、樹脂はアルカリ石鹸や水との親和性が高まり、樹脂膜内部にもアルカリ石鹸が分散してしまう。この場合、膜全体として潮解性が高くなり、錆びを誘発する。
上述の通り、実施形態の樹脂被膜31は、アルカリ石鹸とバインダー樹脂を有機溶剤に溶かしてできた塗料を塗布、乾燥すれば形成される。従って、樹脂被膜31の被膜形成が非常に容易である。よって、既に形成した樹脂被膜31または別の潤滑被膜が損傷した場合に、その損傷箇所に、本実施形態の塗料を塗布、乾燥させる修復処理を実行してもよい。この場合、被膜の修復、ひいては潤滑性や防食性の修復を行うことも可能となる。
本開示は、次の構成も取り得る。
(1)雌ねじを有するボックス及び雄ねじを有するピンが連結してなる油井管ねじ継手に使用される、上記ボックス又はピンを構成する油井管であって、
ねじ部の最表層に、バインダー樹脂に固体潤滑剤としてアルカリ石鹸を含有する樹脂被膜を有し、
上記樹脂被膜は、表面にアルカリ石鹸層が形成されている。
(2)上記樹脂被膜は、含有する上記アルカリ石鹸が表面側に集中して上記アルカリ石鹸層を形成する。
(3)上記バインダー樹脂は、SP値が10.0cal/cm3以下である。
(4)上記アルカリ石鹸の重量は、上記バインダー樹脂の重量の0.01倍以上3倍以下である。
(5)上記樹脂被膜は、鉛筆硬度がF以下である。
(6)上記樹脂被膜の下層に、他の固体潤滑被膜を有する。
(7)雌ねじを有するボックス及び雄ねじを有するピンが連結してなる油井管ねじ継手であって、
ボックス及びピンのうちの少なくとも一方が、本開示の油井管からなる。
(8)油井管のねじ部に最表層を形成するための塗料であって、
溶剤、バインダー樹脂、及び固体潤滑剤を含み、
上記固体潤滑剤として、アルカリ石鹸を含み、
上記バインダー樹脂は、SP値が10.0cal/cm3以下であり、平均分子量が10000以上300000以下であり、
上記アルカリ石鹸の重量は、上記バインダー樹脂の重量の0.01倍以上3倍以下である。
(ラボ試験方法について)
従来のラボ試験の条件は、通常、1m程度長さの短尺ピンを使った縦型パワートングによる方法である。また、従来、手締めにて、締付けられるだけ締付けた位置を試験開始位置としていた。
これに対し、以下の実施例では、新たなラボ試験の条件を採用し、1m程度長さの短尺ピンの上部に重錘を載せて、縦型パワートングにより締付け締戻し試験を行うこととした。重錘として、実際の井戸でのピン1~3本分の重量のものを採用した。理由は、次の通りである。本開示の狙っている実際の井戸で起こる環境というのは、短尺ピンを使った例では、評価結果が殆どが合格扱いになってしまって、真の意味で合格/不可が選別できない。合格判断の条件でも、井戸で使うとNGになってしまうことが数多く起こるからである。
新たなラボ試験の条件では、実際の井戸で起こりうる、この2段階の潤滑を模擬して評価が可能で、本開示の規定する上下限の意味合いを明確にできる。
新たなラボ試験の条件では、締付け時の大荷重負荷と、締付け締戻しの時の偏荷重条件を実現可能な条件で、評価することを基本とする。例えば、実寸ピン相当の大荷重を負荷し、ねじが締まっていく工程の場合には、ねじ同士が噛みあうまでのガタツキを考慮した。また、ねじが緩まる工程の場合には、ねじ同士の噛み合いがはずれてガタツキが生じる点を反映させた。
新たなラボ試験の条件では、図6のように、縦型のパワートング4を使う。また、試験用のピンとして短尺ピン1を採用する。ただし、そのピン1の上部に重錘3による荷重の負荷、及びその荷重の除荷が可能とする。
その際に、ねじ山が噛み合わない状況を模擬するために、初期の仮締付位置を、ピンねじ1aが、ボックスねじ2aから、ねじ山総数の半分が露出してみえているようにセットする(図4(b)参照)。これがガタツキの起因の一つとなる。その状態から締付を開始する。
また、締付けの際には、ピン1における、ボックスねじ2aに対する締付ねじとは反対側の端部に、重錘3を取り付けておく。
重錘3の重量は、実寸ピンの1本~3本に相当する荷重として、ピンの外径・肉厚の実寸ピンをもとに算出したものを載せる。
差し込み棒13及びピン1には、予め、上記のように重錘3を取り付けた際に、当該ピン1と差し込み棒13を貫通する穴1d,13aを予め開けておく。そして、図7に示すように、その穴1d,13aに貫き棒12を差し込むことで、重錘3とピン1を一体化する。
重錘3の上部の軸中心位置に、自在鉤(Swivel)式の引っ掛け11を溶接でくっつけておいて、天井の吊り下げ装置20に、吊り鎖21を介して吊り下げた構造にする。これによって、吊り下げ装置20による重錘の吊り上げ具合の調整によって、ピンに対する重錘の負荷の大きさを調整可能となる。
一方、緩める際(締め戻す際)には、吊り下げ装置20により重錘3を吊り上げて、重錘3の荷重を掛けない状態で締戻しを実施する。回転速度は、トルクが立っているところでは、回転速度を0.5~2rpmで緩め始める。そして、トルクが締付トルク値の1/10程度まできたら、5~20rpmの高速回転で緩める。
これによって、実井戸に近い条件でラボ試験を行う事が可能となる。
油井管として、外径244.48mm、肉厚13.84mm、鋼種API5CT Q125のパイプ本体(ピン)、および、それに対応するカップリング(ボックス)を準備した。ねじ継手には、ねじピッチ5.08mmの油井管用プレミアムジョイントを用いた。
また、ピンねじに対し、本開示に基づく樹脂被膜31、あるいは比較例となる樹脂被膜31を形成した。ボックスねじには、本開示の樹脂被膜31とは異なる、PTFEを主体とする固体潤滑被膜を形成した。
そして、上述の新たなラボ試験の条件にて締付締戻し試験を行い、耐ゴーリング性を評価した。このとき、ボックスからピンねじが8山分はみ出た状態でハンドタイトを止め、更には、ピンねじパイプに重さ3トン(同サイズの12mパイプ約3本分)の重錘を載せることで、ステップ1のガタを意図的に発生させた。
各ねじ継手の評価は、手入不可なレベルのゴーリングが発生することなく締付締戻しができた回数で評価した。そして、締付締戻し回数が5回以上であれば合格とした。
API5C5規格に基づけば、上記のようなハーフハンドタイトや重錘の適用は不要であり、本実施形態で用いる油井管のサイズであれば、ゴーリングせずに3回の締付締戻しができれば合格とされる。しかし、ここでは、より高い耐ゴーリング性を追求すべく、合格水準を厳しくした。なお、締付締戻し回数が10回に到達した場合、ゴーリングの有無によらずに打ち切りとした。
また、上記の試験とは別に、外径88.90mm、肉厚6.45mm、鋼種API5CT L80のパイプ本体のピンねじ部の切断サンプルも用意した。
ピンねじとしては、ねじピッチ4.23mmの油井管用プレミアムジョイントを採用し、ねじ表面に対し、本開示の樹脂被膜31または比較例となる樹脂被膜31を形成して、各サンプルを作製した。
これらに対し、JIS K 5600-7-1の規定する塩水噴霧試験を8時間実施し、錆の発生有無を確認することで、防錆性を評価した。
ここでは、錆無しを5点、錆有り(面積率1%以下)を4点、錆有り(面積率1%超、10%以下)を3点、錆有り(面積率10%超、50%以下)を2点、錆有り(面積率50%超)を1点と定め、4点以上を合格と見なした。
また、表1中に記載の、飽和ポリエステルAと飽和ポリエステルBの主な違いは水酸基価である。すなわち、飽和ポリエステルAとして、水酸基価が10[KOHmg/g]以下のものを使用した。また、飽和ポリエステルBとして、水酸基価が100[KOHmg/g]前後のものを使用した。
また、フッ素樹脂Aとして、平均分子量が約30,000のものを使用し、フッ素樹脂Bとして、平均分子量が約200,000のものを使用した。
また、有機溶剤には、表1に記載のように、HFO、トルエン、又はMEKを使用した。
比較例1は、SP値が10.0cal/cm3以下の樹脂被膜31ではある。しかし、樹脂被膜31に、アルカリ石鹸を含有しない例である。その比較例1の条件を基準として評価した。
比較例1の樹脂被膜31は、鉛筆硬度がBであった。比較例1では、防錆性は5点で問題なかったが、締付締戻し回数は2回で不合格となった。
実施例1~4は、樹脂被膜31に含有するアルカリ石鹸としてステアリン酸Naを採用し、その濃度影響を確認した試験である。実施例1~4では、鉛筆硬度はBまたは2Bであった。
実施例1~4から分かるように、バインダー樹脂重量に対する固体潤滑剤重量の割合を示すP/B値が0.01から3の範囲では、すべて締付締戻し回数は合格判定となった。
ここで、微量なアルカリ石鹸添加であっても耐ゴーリング性の向上効果は得られる。しかし、より高い効果を得るにはアルカリ石鹸の添加量を増やせば良いことが分かる。これは、アルカリ石鹸のもつ潤滑性が、ステップ1のガタに起因するねじ上の固体潤滑被膜の損傷を軽減するためである。
これらの結果から、P/B値は0.01以上3以下であれば良いことが分かる。P/B値は、好ましくは0.1以上2以下、更に好ましくは0.5以上1.4以下である。
このことに鑑み、以下の実施例、比較例ではP/B=1とした。
比較例2は、アルカリ石鹸の代わりに金属石鹸、より具体的にはステアリン酸Caを添加した試験である。
比較例2は、鉛筆硬度が2Bであり、実施例3と同様であった。
しかし、比較例2では、防錆性は5点で問題なかったが、締付締戻し回数は4回であった。すなわち、比較例2は、アルカリ石鹸(ステアリン酸Na)を添加した実施例3に比べて、大幅に耐ゴーリング性が低下した。これは、ステアリン酸Caが、樹脂被膜31内に分散してしまい、ステアリン酸Naのように膜表層に安定した石鹸層が形成されないためである。
実施例5は、実施例1~4と異なるバインダー樹脂を選択した例である。具体的には、SP値が更に低く(7.6cal/cm3)、鉛筆硬度がやや高い(F)、フッ素樹脂を採用した。その結果、締付締戻し回数も防錆性も実施例3と並んで最高となった。
比較例3と4は、バインダー樹脂のSP値が高い例である。
比較例3では、実施例1~4とはまた異なる飽和ポリエステル樹脂を採用した。また、比較例4ではニトロセルロースを採用した。また、比較例3のSP値は11.9cal/cm3、比較例4のSP値は13.0cal/cm3であった。
比較例3と4は、いずれも、締付締戻し回数は合格基準を満たしているものの、P/B値が同じで、SP値の低い実施例3と比べると劣っていることが分かった。
また、比較例3と4は、防錆性はそれぞれ3点と2点で、不合格であった。
なお、比較例4については、実施例3より樹脂被膜31の鉛筆硬度がかなり高いことも影響したかもしれない。すなわち、強固過ぎる樹脂被膜31は、アルカリ石鹸層31Aの滑りを阻害する可能性が考えられる。
比較例5は、樹脂被膜31の鉛筆硬度が高い例である。比較例5は、実施例5のものとは異なるフッ素樹脂を採用することで鉛筆硬度3Hを実現した。比較例5は、SP値が6.7cal/cm3であり、実施例5同様に非常に低いものの、締付締戻し回数はたったの4回に留まった。このことからも、樹脂被膜31の鉛筆硬度は低く抑えないと、アルカリ石鹸層31Aの潤滑効果が十分に得られないことが分かった。実施例5の実績から、鉛筆硬度はF以下にしておくと良いと考えられる。
1a 雄ねじ
2 ボックス(カップリング)
2a 雌ねじ
3 重錘
3A 重錘本体
4 パワートング
12 貫き棒
13 差込棒
20 吊り上げ装置(クレーン)
21 チェーン(吊り索)
30 他の固体潤滑被膜
31 樹脂被膜
31A アルカリ石鹸層
Claims (8)
- 雌ねじを有するボックス及び雄ねじを有するピンが連結してなる油井管ねじ継手に使用される、上記ボックス又はピンを構成する油井管であって、
ねじ部の最表層に、バインダー樹脂に固体潤滑剤としてアルカリ石鹸を含有する樹脂被膜を有し、
上記樹脂被膜は、表面にアルカリ石鹸層が形成されている、
油井管。 - 上記樹脂被膜は、含有する上記アルカリ石鹸が表面側に集中して上記アルカリ石鹸層を形成する、
請求項1に記載した油井管。 - 上記バインダー樹脂は、SP値が10.0cal/cm3以下である、請求項1又は請求項2に記載した油井管。
- 上記アルカリ石鹸の重量は、上記バインダー樹脂の重量の0.01倍以上3倍以下である、請求項1~請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の油井管。
- 上記樹脂被膜は、鉛筆硬度がF以下である、請求項1~請求項4のいずれか1項に記載した油井管。
- 上記樹脂被膜の下層に、他の固体潤滑被膜を有する、請求項1~請求項5のいずれか1項に記載した油井管。
- 雌ねじを有するボックス及び雄ねじを有するピンが連結してなる油井管ねじ継手であって、
上記ボックス及びピンのうちの少なくとも一方が、請求項1~請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の油井管からなる、
油井管ねじ継手。 - 油井管のねじ部に最表層を形成するための塗料であって、
溶剤、バインダー樹脂、及び固体潤滑剤を含み、
上記固体潤滑剤として、アルカリ石鹸を含み、
上記バインダー樹脂は、SP値が10.0cal/cm3以下であり、平均分子量が10000以上300000以下であり、
上記アルカリ石鹸の重量は、上記バインダー樹脂の重量の0.01倍以上3倍以下である、
塗料。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| US19/104,605 US20260092230A1 (en) | 2022-08-25 | 2023-08-14 | Oil country tubular goods, threaded joint for oil country tubular goods, and coating material |
| CN202380060179.7A CN119654514A (zh) | 2022-08-25 | 2023-08-14 | 油井管、油井管螺纹接头和涂料 |
| JP2023570234A JP7656086B2 (ja) | 2022-08-25 | 2023-08-14 | 油井管、及び油井管ねじ継手 |
| EP23857246.5A EP4563865A4 (en) | 2022-08-25 | 2023-08-14 | OIL WELL PIPE, OIL WELL PIPE SCREW JOINT AND LINING MATERIAL |
| MX2025002222A MX2025002222A (es) | 2022-08-25 | 2025-02-24 | Tuberia de uso petrolero, junta roscada para tuberia de uso petrolero y material de recubrimiento |
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| US (1) | US20260092230A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP4563865A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP7656086B2 (ja) |
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| AR (1) | AR130264A1 (ja) |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004053013A (ja) * | 2002-05-31 | 2004-02-19 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 鋼管用ねじ継手 |
| JP2008537062A (ja) * | 2005-03-29 | 2008-09-11 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | 鋼管用ねじ継手 |
| WO2015030252A1 (ja) * | 2013-09-02 | 2015-03-05 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 潤滑被膜形成用組成物及び鋼管用ねじ継手 |
| JP2022134377A (ja) | 2021-03-03 | 2022-09-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | トラクタ |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATE449279T1 (de) * | 2002-05-31 | 2009-12-15 | Sumitomo Metal Ind | Schraubverbindung für stahlrohr |
| MX2008014642A (es) * | 2006-05-15 | 2008-11-27 | Sumitomo Metal Ind | Lubricante para trabajar en frio y metodo para trabajar en frio el tubo de acero. |
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2023
- 2023-08-14 EP EP23857246.5A patent/EP4563865A4/en active Pending
- 2023-08-14 CN CN202380060179.7A patent/CN119654514A/zh active Pending
- 2023-08-14 JP JP2023570234A patent/JP7656086B2/ja active Active
- 2023-08-14 WO PCT/JP2023/029435 patent/WO2024043133A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2023-08-14 US US19/104,605 patent/US20260092230A1/en active Pending
- 2023-08-22 AR ARP230102217A patent/AR130264A1/es unknown
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004053013A (ja) * | 2002-05-31 | 2004-02-19 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 鋼管用ねじ継手 |
| JP2008537062A (ja) * | 2005-03-29 | 2008-09-11 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | 鋼管用ねじ継手 |
| WO2015030252A1 (ja) * | 2013-09-02 | 2015-03-05 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 潤滑被膜形成用組成物及び鋼管用ねじ継手 |
| JP2022134377A (ja) | 2021-03-03 | 2022-09-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | トラクタ |
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| Title |
|---|
| See also references of EP4563865A4 |
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| CN119654514A (zh) | 2025-03-18 |
| EP4563865A4 (en) | 2025-07-09 |
| US20260092230A1 (en) | 2026-04-02 |
| JPWO2024043133A1 (ja) | 2024-02-29 |
| MX2025002222A (es) | 2025-05-02 |
| EP4563865A1 (en) | 2025-06-04 |
| JP7656086B2 (ja) | 2025-04-02 |
| AR130264A1 (es) | 2024-11-20 |
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