WO2024046302A1 - 供电电路、电子设备及通信系统 - Google Patents

供电电路、电子设备及通信系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024046302A1
WO2024046302A1 PCT/CN2023/115451 CN2023115451W WO2024046302A1 WO 2024046302 A1 WO2024046302 A1 WO 2024046302A1 CN 2023115451 W CN2023115451 W CN 2023115451W WO 2024046302 A1 WO2024046302 A1 WO 2024046302A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power supply
switch module
connection end
terminal
diode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/115451
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭忠银
王林国
廖业鑫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZTE Corp
Original Assignee
ZTE Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZTE Corp filed Critical ZTE Corp
Priority to EP23859332.1A priority Critical patent/EP4576535A4/en
Priority to KR1020257006371A priority patent/KR20250039476A/ko
Publication of WO2024046302A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024046302A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for DC mains or DC distribution networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0051—Diode reverse recovery losses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
    • H03K17/081—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of circuit technology, and specifically to a power supply circuit, electronic equipment and communication system.
  • the power supply circuit currently used generally includes an inductor and two switching tubes, and the DC power supply function is realized by controlling the two switching tubes.
  • the DC power supply function is realized by controlling the two switching tubes.
  • the other switch tube may have a large reverse recovery current problem. This reverse recovery current will cause high voltage to appear at both ends of the switch tube. peak.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a power supply circuit, electronic equipment and communication system, which can solve the problem in the related art that reverse recovery current causes high voltage spikes at both ends of the switch tube.
  • inventions of the present application provide a power supply circuit.
  • the power supply circuit includes: a first power supply terminal, a second power supply terminal, a third power supply terminal and a fourth power supply terminal, a first inductor, a first switch module, Two switch modules and auxiliary circuits; the first power supply terminal is connected to the second power supply terminal through the first switch module and the first inductor; the first power supply terminal is connected through the first switch module and the first inductor.
  • the second switch module is connected to the fourth power supply end; wherein the auxiliary circuit includes a target module, a third switch module and a second inductor connected in parallel with the first inductor; the first inductor of the target module The connection end is connected to the reference ground, and the second connection end of the target module is connected to the second The first connection end of the inductor is connected, the second connection end of the second inductor is connected to the first connection end of the third switch module, and the second connection end of the third switch module is connected to the reference ground. connected.
  • embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, including the power supply circuit described in the first aspect.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a communication system, including a load and an electronic device according to the second aspect, wherein the electronic device includes a power converter connected to the load, and the power converter The device is used to supply power to the load.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit in the related art
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit in a reverse voltage boosting and bucking situation provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 5-1 is a schematic diagram of another power supply circuit in a reverse voltage boosting and bucking situation provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 5-2 is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit including a clamping path of a target module in a reverse voltage boosting and bucking situation provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 5-3 is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit including a clamping path of a third switch module in a reverse voltage boosting and bucking situation provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the driving signals, current signals and voltage signals of some devices in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7-1 is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit in a non-isolated voltage reduction situation provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 7-2 is a schematic diagram of another power supply circuit in a non-isolated voltage reduction situation provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8-1 is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit in a non-isolated boost situation provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 8-2 is a schematic diagram of another power supply circuit in a non-isolated boost situation provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10-1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10-2 is a schematic diagram of another communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • first, second, etc. in the description and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It is to be understood that the figures so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application can be practiced in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and that "first,” “second,” etc. are distinguished Objects are usually of one type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or multiple.
  • “and/or” in the description and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character “/" generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or” relationship.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of an example power supply circuit in the related art.
  • the power supply circuit of this example is an inverting buck boost circuit (Inverting Buck Boost, IBB). More specifically, it can be an inverting buck boost circuit under a DC common architecture (Direct Current-Common, DC-C).
  • IBB inverting Buck Boost
  • DC-C DC common architecture
  • FIG. 1 is only an example and is intended to better explain the technical problems existing in the related technology.
  • the power supply circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application is not necessarily limited to the power supply circuit shown in Figure 1.
  • the power supply circuit includes: input negative terminal (Vin-), input positive terminal (Vin+), output negative terminal (Vout-), output positive terminal (Vout+), capacitor C1, capacitor C2, inductor L1, The first switch module S1 and the second switch module S2.
  • the circuit shown in Figure 1 is used to implement the DC power supply function, the current of the large main power inductor L1 freewheels in the body diode of the second switch module S2.
  • the first switch module S1 is turned on, a large reverse recovery current occurs in the body diode of the second switch module, causing a high voltage spike to appear at both ends of the second switch module S2.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a power supply circuit.
  • the power supply circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application may have a variety of circuit forms.
  • Figures 2 to 3 show several forms of power supply circuits provided by embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the figure shows The shapes are examples only and are not meant to be limiting.
  • the power supply circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application includes: a first power supply terminal A1, a second power supply terminal A2, a third power supply terminal A3 and a fourth power supply terminal A4, a first inductor L1, and a first switch module S1, the second switch module S2 and the auxiliary circuit 200.
  • the first power supply terminal A1 is connected to the second power supply terminal A2 through the first switch module S1 and the first inductor L1.
  • the first power supply terminal A1 is connected to the fourth power supply terminal A4 through the first switch module S1 and the second switch module S2.
  • the auxiliary circuit 200 includes a target module Sa1, a third switch module Sa2, and a second inductor L2 connected in parallel with the first inductor L1.
  • the first connection end of the target module Sa1 is connected to the reference ground 300
  • the second connection end of the target module Sa1 is connected to the first connection end of the second inductor L2
  • the second inductor L2 The second connection end is connected to the first connection end of the third switch module Sa2, and the second connection end of the third switch module Sa2 is connected to the reference ground 300.
  • the power supply circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application introduces an auxiliary circuit 200.
  • the auxiliary circuit 200 includes a target module Sa1, a third switch module Sa2, and a second inductor L2 connected in parallel with the first inductor L1, and allows the auxiliary circuit to
  • the first connection end of the target module Sa1 and the second connection end of the third switch module Sa2 in 200 are both connected to the reference ground 300, which can reduce the occurrence of high voltage spikes at both ends of the second switch tube to a certain extent. question.
  • the target module may be a one-way conducting device or a signal-controllable switch module.
  • the target module may include at least one target diode, or the target module may include a fourth switching module. It should be understood that the target module is shown in the form of a switch module in the accompanying drawings, which is only an example and is not meant to be limiting.
  • the power supply circuit may include, but is not limited to, a reverse step-up and step-down circuit under a DC common architecture, a non-isolated step-down circuit under a DC common architecture, and a non-isolated step-down circuit under a DC common architecture.
  • Boost circuit etc.
  • the reference ground location can also vary. That is to say, the setting position of the reference ground in the embodiment of the present application may change as the power supply circuit changes.
  • the reference ground may be located at the first power supply end or the second power supply end.
  • the reference ground is set at the first power supply end.
  • the auxiliary circuit may also include a first diode and a second diode (not shown in Figure 2 shown, see Figure 5-1) mentioned later.
  • the second connection end of the target module is connected to the first connection end of the first diode, and the second connection end of the first diode is connected to the first clamping point, wherein the third A clamping point is provided at the second power supply end or the third power supply end;
  • the second connection end of the second inductor is connected to the first connection end of the second diode, and the second The second connection end of the diode is connected to a second clamping point, wherein the second clamping point is provided at the fourth power supply end.
  • the power supply circuit may be a reverse step-up and step-down circuit.
  • the first power supply terminal may be a negative power supply input terminal
  • the second power supply terminal may be a positive power supply input terminal
  • the third power supply terminal may be a negative power supply output terminal
  • the fourth power supply terminal may be a positive power supply output terminal. end.
  • the reference ground in the power supply circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application can not only be set at the first power supply end, but in another possible implementation, the reference ground can also be set at the second power supply end, as shown in Figure 3 Show.
  • the auxiliary circuit also includes a first diode and a second diode (not shown in Figure 3, please refer to Figure 7-1 mentioned later).
  • the second connection end of the target module is connected to the first connection end of the first diode, and the second connection end of the first diode is connected to the first clamping point, wherein the third A clamping point is provided at the first power supply end; the second connection end of the second inductor is connected to the first connection end of the second diode, and the second connection end of the second diode The end is connected to the first clamping point.
  • the power supply circuit may be a non-isolated step-down circuit under a DC common architecture.
  • the first power supply terminal is a positive power supply input terminal
  • the second power supply terminal is a positive power supply output terminal
  • the third power supply terminal is a negative power supply output terminal
  • the fourth power supply terminal is a power supply input terminal. negative terminal.
  • the power supply circuit in the embodiment of the present application may not only be a non-isolated buck circuit, but also may be a non-isolated boost circuit.
  • the first power supply terminal is a positive power supply output terminal
  • the second power supply terminal is a power supply input positive terminal
  • the third power supply terminal is a power supply input negative terminal
  • the fourth power supply terminal is a power supply output terminal. negative terminal.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an example power supply circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power supply circuit in FIG. 4 may be, for example, a reverse step-up and step-down circuit under a DC common architecture.
  • the power supply circuit shown in FIG. 4 may include four power supply terminals, a first switch module S1, a second switch module S2, and an auxiliary circuit.
  • the four power supply terminals may include: a negative power supply input terminal, a positive power supply input terminal, a negative power supply output terminal, and a positive power supply output terminal.
  • the negative terminal of the power supply input is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply input through the first switch module S1 and the first inductor L1; the negative terminal of the power supply input passes through the first switch module S1 and the third
  • the second switch module S2 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply output.
  • the body diode of the second switch module S2 may freewheel the current in the inductor.
  • the first switch module S1 is turned on, the second switch module S2 will There is a large reverse recovery current problem.
  • the auxiliary circuit includes a target module (exemplarily shown as a switch module Sa1 in the figure), a third switch module Sa2 and the The first inductor L1 is connected in parallel with the second inductor L2.
  • the first connection end of the target module is connected to the reference ground 300
  • the second connection end of the target module is connected to the first connection end of the second inductor L2
  • the second connection end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the first connection end of the target module.
  • the two connection terminals are connected to the first connection terminal of the third switch module Sa2, and the second connection terminal of the third switch module Sa2 is connected to the reference ground 300.
  • the auxiliary circuit may be an auxiliary soft switching circuit, for example, it may be a zero voltage conversion (Zero Voltage Turn, ZVT) circuit.
  • the second inductor L2 may be a coupled inductor.
  • the reference ground may be located at the negative terminal of the power supply input.
  • the auxiliary circuit 200 can be controlled to be turned on.
  • the inductor L2, the target module Sa1, and the third switch module Sa2 form a closed loop, and the body diode of the second switch module S2 is controlled to turn off at zero current. off, there is no reverse recovery loss, and at the same time, the first switch module S1 can be turned on at zero voltage.
  • the power supply circuit shown in Figure 4 provided by the embodiment of the present application introduces an auxiliary circuit 200, which includes a target module Sa1, a third switch module Sa2, and a second inductor L2 connected in parallel with the first inductor, and allows The first connection end of the target module Sa1 and the second connection end of the third switch module Sa2 in the auxiliary circuit 200 are both connected to the reference ground 300, which can reduce the voltage in the reverse buck-boost circuit to a certain extent. There is a problem of high voltage spikes at both ends of the second switch module S2.
  • the auxiliary circuit 200 can switch back and forth between turning on or turning off the third switch module Sa2. Specifically, when the auxiliary circuit 200 is configured such that the loop formed by Sa1 and Sa2 is turned on, At this time, the third switch module Sa2 can be turned on. If the third switch module Sa2 is turned on, the impedance of the loop formed by the auxiliary circuit is negligible, which can be regarded as a short circuit at both ends of the inductor L1, and all the current in the inductor L1 passes through the loop formed by the auxiliary circuit.
  • the third switch module Sa2 can be turned off at this time.
  • the third switch module Sa2 due to the high current change rate on the auxiliary circuit itself (that is, the current changes rapidly per unit time), the current in the inductor L2 may pass through the target module Sa1, the third switch module Sa1, and the third switch module Sa2. Switch module Sa2, and then the reverse recovery current problem occurs.
  • some devices in the auxiliary circuit may themselves generate large voltage spikes when the leakage inductance is stimulated by the reverse recovery current, which can reach two times the input voltage Vin in some cases. More than times.
  • the input voltage Vin can be impacted to a very high voltage in an instant, which can easily cause damage to the Sa1 device in the auxiliary circuit.
  • higher requirements will be put forward when selecting the Sa1 device, which will undoubtedly affect performance or increase cost.
  • Figure 5-1 is a schematic diagram of another example of a power supply circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power supply circuit shown in Figure 5-1 adds two diodes: the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 on the basis of the power supply circuit shown in Figure 4, and adds two clamping points: the first clamp site and the second clamping point.
  • the first clamping point is connected to the first diode D1
  • the second clamping point is connected to the second diode D2.
  • the auxiliary circuit 200 may include a first diode D1 and a second diode D2.
  • the second connection end of the target module Sa1 is connected to the first connection end of the first diode D1, and the second connection end of the first diode D1 is connected to the first clamping point, where, The first clamping point is set at the positive end of the power supply input or the negative end of the power supply output; the second connection end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the first connection end of the second diode D2, and the second connection end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the first connection end of the second diode D2.
  • the second connection end of the diode D2 is connected to a second clamping point, wherein the second clamping point is set at the positive terminal of the power supply output. It should be understood that since the second connection end of the second inductor is connected to the first connection end of the third switch module, the second connection end of the second inductor L2 is also connected to the second diode. The first connection end of the tube D2 is connected. Therefore, the first connection end of the second diode D2 can be connected with the first connection end of the third switch module.
  • the power supply circuit shown in Figure 5-1 takes the input negative terminal as the reference ground.
  • the first connection end of the target module is connected to the reference ground.
  • the second connection end of the target module Sa1 is connected to the third connection end through the first diode D1.
  • a clamping point is connected. In this way, the voltage stress of the target module in the auxiliary circuit can be clamped to the voltage between the reference ground and the first clamping point.
  • the first clamping point can be set at the positive terminal of the power supply input or the negative terminal of the power supply output in Figure 5-1, the voltage between the reference ground and the first clamping point is Vin.
  • the first connection end of the third switch module Sa2 is connected to the second clamping point through the second diode D2.
  • the second connection end of the third switch module Sa2 is connected to the reference ground.
  • the voltage stress of the third switch module Sa2 in the auxiliary circuit can be clamped to the voltage between the reference ground and the second clamping point. Since the second clamping point is set at or connected to the positive terminal of the power supply output in Figure 5-1, the voltage between the reference ground and the first clamping point is (Vin+Vout).
  • the voltage peak stress of the target module Sa1 can be clamped to the voltage between the reference ground and the first clamping point, that is, Vin, and the energy exceeding Vin is fed back to the power supply input end without loss.
  • the peak voltage stress of the third switch module Sa2 can be clamped to the voltage between the reference ground and the second clamping point, that is, (Vin+Vout), and the energy exceeding (Vin+Vout) is fed back to the output. In this way, the voltage spike generated across the target module Sa1 in the auxiliary circuit and the voltage spike generated across the third switch module Sa2 in the auxiliary circuit can be reduced.
  • this clamping method clamps the voltage generated at both ends of the target module Sa1 to the negative input terminal and the positive input terminal, so that the voltage stress problem at both ends of the target module Sa1 in the auxiliary circuit can be solved without loss.
  • this clamping method clamps the voltage generated at both ends of the third switch module Sa2 to the negative input terminal and the positive output terminal, so that the voltage stress problem at both ends of the third switch module Sa2 in the auxiliary circuit can be solved without loss.
  • Figures 5-2 and 5-3 are schematic diagrams of another example of a power supply circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5-2 marks the clamping path of the target module Sa1 in a dotted line based on Figure 5-1.
  • Figure 5-3 marks the clamping path of the third switch module Sa2 in the form of a dotted line on the basis of Figure 5-1. That is to say, the clamping path of the target module Sa1 can be shown as the dotted line in Figure 5-2, and the clamping path of the third switch module Sa2 can be shown as the dotted line in Figure 5-3.
  • the voltage stress of the target module Sa1 is clamped to be equal to Vin.
  • the voltage stress of the third switch module Sa2 is clamped to be equal to Vin plus Vout.
  • the voltage stress of the target module Sa1 and the third switch module Sa2 in the auxiliary circuit is losslessly clamped to equal to Vin and (Vin+Vout) respectively, which can reduce the voltage spikes generated at both ends of each device in the auxiliary circuit.
  • the power supply circuit shown in Figure 5-1 can not only reduce the withstand voltage level of the target module Sa1 and the third switch module Sa2, and non-destructively solve the voltage stress problem of the devices in the auxiliary circuit, but also improve the The overall efficiency of the power supply and the reliability of the device under high-voltage input scenarios such as lightning strikes.
  • the embodiment of the present application takes advantage of the reference ground 300 connected to the negative input terminal and adopts a clamping method to losslessly reduce the voltage stress of the target module Sa1 and the third switch module Sa2. It has good application effect in the buck-boost IBB topology circuit. That is to say, in the IBB topology circuit, the voltage stress at both ends of the target module Sa1 and the third switch module Sa2 in the auxiliary circuit can be effectively clamped without being limited by the input voltage and output voltage range, and the stress optimization effect is good.
  • the input voltage Vin when a lightning strike occurs, the input voltage Vin will be instantly impacted to a very high voltage.
  • the voltage at both ends of the target module Sa1 only needs to withstand the Vin voltage. Compared with Other methods are much greater than the peak voltage stress of the input voltage Vin.
  • the voltage stress of the target module Sa1 is controlled within the input voltage Vin, and the reliability is high.
  • this application uses the input negative terminal as the reference ground of the target module Sa1 and the third switch module Sa2 to reduce the voltage stress at both ends of each device in the auxiliary circuit and clamp the voltage peak stress of the target module Sa1 to equal to
  • the input voltage Vin improves the voltage resistance of the soft switching circuit and has a better lightning protection effect in the IBB topology circuit.
  • FIG. 6 The schematic diagrams of current, voltage and driving signals for some related devices in Figure 5-1 and Figure 5-2 can be shown in Figure 6. As can be seen from Figure 6, the highest voltage across Sa1 is clamped to Vin, and the highest voltage across Sa2 is clamped to (Vin+Vout).
  • the power supply circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application is applied to the IBB topology circuit. It should be understood that the power supply circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application can also be applied in other situations.
  • the following describes the case where the power supply circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application is applied to a non-isolated step-down circuit with reference to Figures 7-1 and 7-2, and discusses the power supply provided by the embodiment of the present application with reference to Figures 8-1 and 8-2.
  • the circuit is applied to a non-isolated boost circuit. It should be understood that the situations listed in the embodiments of this application are only examples and are not intended to be limiting.
  • Figure 7-1 is a schematic diagram of an example power supply circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power supply circuit in Figure 7-1 can be, for example, a non-isolated step-down circuit under a DC common architecture.
  • the power supply circuit shown in Figure 7-1 may include four power supply terminals, a first switch module S1, a second switch module S2 and an auxiliary circuit.
  • the four power supply terminals may include: a negative power supply input terminal, a positive power supply input terminal, a negative power supply output terminal, and a positive power supply output terminal.
  • the positive input terminal of the power supply is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply output through the first switch module S1 and the first inductor L1; the positive terminal of the power supply input is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply input through the first switch module S1 and the second switch module S2. Connect the negative terminal of the power supply input.
  • the first switch module S1 in the first stage, the first switch module S1 is turned on, the second switch module S2 is turned off, and the input voltage Vin of the power supply stores energy in the inductor L1; in the second stage, the first switch module S2 is turned off.
  • the module S1 is turned off, the second switch module S2 is turned on, and the inductor L1 releases energy through the second switch module S2 to provide energy to the load.
  • the input voltage Vin is converted to the output voltage Vout.
  • the body diode of the second switch module S2 may freewheel the current in the inductor. At this time, if the first switch module S1 is turned on, the second switch module will exist. Large reverse recovery current problem.
  • the auxiliary circuit includes a target module (exemplarily shown as a switch module Sa1 in the figure) and a third switch module Sa2. and a second inductor L2 connected in parallel with the first inductor L1.
  • the first connection end of the target module Sa1 is connected to the reference ground 300
  • the second connection end of the target module Sa1 is connected to the first connection end of the second inductor L2
  • the second inductor L2 The second connection end is connected to the first connection end of the third switch module Sa2, and the second connection end of the third switch module Sa2 is connected to the reference ground 300.
  • the auxiliary circuit may be an auxiliary soft switching circuit, for example, it may be a zero voltage conversion (Zero Voltage Turn, ZVT) circuit.
  • the second inductor L2 may be a coupled inductor.
  • the reference ground may be located at the positive terminal of the power supply output.
  • the auxiliary circuit 200 can be controlled to be turned on.
  • the inductor L2, the target module Sa1, and the third switch module Sa2 form a closed loop, and the body diode of the second switch module S2 is controlled to turn off at zero current. off, there is no reverse recovery loss, and at the same time, the first switch module S1 can be turned on at zero voltage.
  • the power supply circuit shown in Figure 7-1 provided by the embodiment of this application introduces an auxiliary circuit 200.
  • the auxiliary circuit includes a target module Sa1, a third switch module Sa2, and a second inductor L2 connected in parallel with the first inductor. And let the first connection end of the target module Sa1 and the second connection end of the third switch module Sa2 in the auxiliary circuit 200 be connected to the reference ground 300, which can be in a certain range. The problem of high voltage spikes occurring at both ends of the second switch module S2 in the non-isolated buck circuit is greatly reduced.
  • the auxiliary circuit 200 can switch back and forth between turning on or turning off the third switch module Sa2. Specifically, when the auxiliary circuit 200 is configured such that the loop formed by Sa1 and Sa2 is turned on, the third switch module Sa2 can be turned on at this time. If the third switch module Sa2 is turned on, the impedance of the loop formed by the auxiliary circuit is negligible, which can be regarded as a short circuit at both ends of the inductor L1, and all the current in the inductor L1 passes through the loop formed by the auxiliary circuit.
  • the third switch module Sa2 can be turned off at this time.
  • the third switch module Sa2 is turned off, due to the high current change rate on the auxiliary circuit itself (that is, the current changes rapidly per unit time), the current in the inductor L2 may pass through the target module Sa1, the third switch module Sa1, and the third switch module Sa2. Switch module Sa2, and then the reverse recovery current problem occurs.
  • some devices in the auxiliary circuit may themselves generate large voltage spikes when the leakage inductance is excited by the reverse recovery current, which can reach two times the input voltage Vin in some cases. More than times.
  • the input voltage Vin can be impacted to a very high voltage in an instant, which can easily cause damage to the Sa1 device in the auxiliary circuit.
  • higher requirements will be put forward when selecting the Sa1 device, which will undoubtedly affect performance or increase cost.
  • Figure 7-2 is a schematic diagram of another example of a power supply circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power supply circuit shown in Figure 7-2 adds two diodes: the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 based on the power supply circuit shown in Figure 7-1, and adds a clamping point: the first clamping point.
  • both the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are connected to the first clamping point.
  • the auxiliary circuit 200 may include a first diode D1 and a second diode D2.
  • the second connection end of the target module Sa1 is connected to the first connection end of the first diode D1, and the second connection end of the first diode D1 is connected to the first clamping point, where, The first clamping point is set at the first power supply end;
  • the second connection end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the first connection end of the second diode D2, and the second connection end of the second diode D2 is connected to the first clamping point.
  • the power supply circuit shown in Figure 7-2 takes the output positive terminal as the reference ground.
  • the first auxiliary switch Sa1 is clamped to the first clamping point of the input positive terminal through the first diode D1
  • the second auxiliary switch Sa2 is clamped through the second two Diode D2 is clamped to the first clamping point of the positive output terminal.
  • the power supply circuit shown in Figure 7-2 uses the output positive terminal as the reference ground.
  • the first connection terminal of the target module Sa1 is connected to the reference ground.
  • the second connection terminal of the target module Sa1 is connected to the reference ground through the first diode D1.
  • the first clamping point is connected. In this way, the voltage stress of the target module Sa1 in the auxiliary circuit can be clamped to the voltage between the reference ground and the first clamping point. And since the first clamping point can be set at the positive terminal of the power supply input in Figure 7-2, the voltage between the reference ground and the first clamping point is (Vin-Vout).
  • the first connection end of the third switch module Sa2 is connected to the first clamping point through the second diode D2.
  • the second connection end of the third switch module Sa2 is connected to the reference ground.
  • the voltage stress of the third switch module Sa2 in the auxiliary circuit can be clamped to the voltage between the reference ground and the first clamping point.
  • the first clamping point is set at or connected to the positive terminal of the power supply input in Figure 7-2, the voltage between the reference ground and the first clamping point is (Vin-Vout).
  • the voltage peak stress of the target module Sa1 can be clamped to the voltage between the reference ground and the first clamping point, that is, (Vin-Vout), and the energy exceeding (Vin-Vout) is fed back to the power supply end.
  • the peak voltage stress of the third switch module Sa2 can be clamped to the voltage between the reference ground and the first clamping point, that is, (Vin-Vout), and the energy exceeding (Vin-Vout) is fed back to the power supply end. In this way, the voltage spike generated across the target module Sa1 in the auxiliary circuit and the voltage spike generated across the third switch module Sa2 in the auxiliary circuit can be reduced.
  • this clamping method clamps the voltage generated at both ends of the target module Sa1 to the positive input terminal and the positive output terminal, so that the voltage stress problem at both ends of the target module Sa1 in the auxiliary circuit can be solved without loss.
  • this clamping method clamps the voltage generated at both ends of the third switch module Sa2 to the positive input terminal and the positive output terminal, so that the voltage stress problem at both ends of the third switch module Sa2 in the auxiliary circuit can be solved without loss.
  • Figure 8-1 is a schematic diagram of an example power supply circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power supply circuit in Figure 8-1 can be, for example, a non-isolated boost circuit under a DC common architecture.
  • the power supply circuit shown in Figure 8-1 may include four power supply terminals, a first switch module S1, a second switch module S2, and an auxiliary circuit.
  • the four power supply terminals may include: a negative power supply input terminal, a positive power supply input terminal, a negative power supply output terminal, and a positive power supply output terminal.
  • the positive terminal of the power supply output is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply input through the first switch module S1 and the first inductor L1; the positive terminal of the power supply output passes through the first switch module S1
  • the second switch module S2 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply output.
  • the body diode of the second switch module S2 may freewheel the current in the inductor. At this time, if the first switch module S1 is turned on, there will be a large reverse current. Restore current problem.
  • the auxiliary circuit includes a target module (exemplarily shown as a switch module Sa1 in the figure) and a third switch module Sa2. and a second inductor L2 connected in parallel with the first inductor L1.
  • the first connection end of the target module Sa1 is connected to the reference ground 300
  • the second connection end of the target module Sa1 is connected to the first connection end of the second inductor L2
  • the second inductor L2 The second connection end is connected to the first connection end of the third switch module Sa2, and the second connection end of the third switch module Sa2 is connected to the reference ground 300.
  • the auxiliary circuit may be an auxiliary soft switching circuit, for example, it may be a zero voltage conversion (Zero Voltage Turn, ZVT) circuit.
  • the second inductor L2 may be a coupled inductor.
  • the reference ground may be located at the positive terminal of the power supply input.
  • the auxiliary circuit 200 can be controlled to be turned on.
  • the inductor L2, the target module Sa1, and the third switch module Sa2 form a closed loop, and the body diode of the second switch module S2 is controlled to turn off at zero current. off, there is no reverse recovery loss, and at the same time, the first switch module S1 can be turned on at zero voltage.
  • the power supply circuit shown in Figure 8-1 provided by the embodiment of the present application introduces an auxiliary circuit 200.
  • the auxiliary circuit includes a target module Sa1, a third switch module Sa2, and a second inductor L2 connected in parallel with the first inductor. And allowing the first connection end of the target module Sa1 and the second connection end of the third switch module Sa2 in the auxiliary circuit 200 to be connected to the reference ground 300 can reduce the non-isolated boost voltage to a certain extent. There is a problem of high voltage spikes at both ends of the first switch S1 in the circuit.
  • the auxiliary circuit 200 realizes the soft switching function of the first switch module S1 and the second switch module S2 (for example, the second switch module is turned off at zero current and the first switch module is turned on at zero voltage).
  • the auxiliary circuit 200 can switch back and forth between turning on or turning off the third switch module Sa2.
  • the third switch module Sa2 can be turned on at this time. If the third switch module Sa2 is turned on, the impedance of the loop formed by the auxiliary circuit is negligible, which can be regarded as a short circuit at both ends of the inductor L1, and all the current in the inductor L1 passes through the loop formed by the auxiliary circuit.
  • the third switch module Sa2 can be turned off at this time.
  • the third switch module Sa2 is turned off, due to the high current change rate on the auxiliary circuit itself (that is, the current changes rapidly per unit time), the current in the inductor L2 may pass through the target module Sa1, the third switch module Sa1, and the third switch module Sa2. Switch module Sa2, and then the reverse recovery current problem occurs.
  • some devices in the auxiliary circuit may themselves generate large voltage spikes when the leakage inductance is excited by the reverse recovery current, which can reach two times the input voltage Vin in some cases. More than times.
  • the input voltage Vin can be impacted to a very high voltage in an instant, which can easily cause damage to components in the auxiliary circuit.
  • higher requirements will be put forward when selecting devices, which will undoubtedly affect performance or increase costs.
  • Figure 8-2 is a schematic diagram of another example of a power supply circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8-2 adds two diodes on the basis of Figure 8-1: the first diode D1 and the second diode D2, and adds a clamping point: the first clamping point.
  • both the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are connected to the first clamping point.
  • the auxiliary circuit 200 may include a first diode D1 and a second diode D2.
  • the second connection end of the target module Sa1 is connected to the first connection end of the first diode D1, and the second connection end of the first diode D1 is connected to the first clamping point, where, The first clamping point is set at the first power supply end;
  • the second connection end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the first connection end of the second diode D2, and the second connection end of the second diode D2 is connected to the first clamping point.
  • the power supply circuit shown in Figure 8-2 takes the input positive terminal as the reference ground.
  • the first auxiliary switch Sa1 is clamped to the first clamping point of the output positive terminal through the first diode D1
  • the second auxiliary switch Sa2 is clamped through the second Diode D2 clamps to the first clamping point of the positive output terminal.
  • the power supply circuit shown in Figure 8-2 takes the output positive terminal as the reference ground, the first connection terminal of the target module Sa1 is connected to the reference ground, and the second connection terminal of the target module Sa1 passes through the first diode D1 Connected to the first clamping point.
  • the voltage stress of the target module Sa1 in the auxiliary circuit can be clamped to the voltage between the reference ground and the first clamping point.
  • the first clamping point can be set at the positive terminal of the power supply input in Figure 8-2, the voltage between the reference ground and the first clamping point is (Vout-Vin).
  • the first connection end of the third switch module Sa2 is connected to the first clamping point through the second diode D2.
  • the second connection end of the third switch module Sa2 is connected to the reference ground. In this way, the voltage stress of the third switch module Sa2 in the auxiliary circuit can be clamped to the voltage between the reference ground and the first clamping point. Since the first clamping point is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply input in Figure 8-2, the voltage between the reference ground and the first clamping point is (Vout-Vin).
  • the voltage peak stress of the target module Sa1 can be clamped to the voltage between the reference ground and the first clamping point, that is, (Vout-Vin), and the energy exceeding (Vout-Vin) is fed back to the power supply end.
  • the peak voltage stress of the third switch module Sa2 can be clamped to the voltage between the reference ground and the first clamping point, that is, (Vout-Vin), and the energy exceeding (Vout-Vin) is fed back to the power supply end. In this way, the voltage spike generated across the target module Sa1 in the auxiliary circuit and the voltage spike generated across the third switch module Sa2 in the auxiliary circuit can be reduced.
  • this clamping method clamps the voltage generated at both ends of the target module Sa1 to the positive input terminal and the positive output terminal, so that the voltage stress problem at both ends of the target module Sa1 in the auxiliary circuit can be solved without loss.
  • this clamping method clamps the voltage generated at both ends of the third switch module Sa2 to the positive input terminal and the positive output terminal, so that the voltage stress problem at both ends of the third switch module Sa2 in the auxiliary circuit can be solved without loss.
  • the power supply circuit includes a first diode and a second diode
  • the current passing through the first diode is from the first diode to the second diode.
  • One connection end flows to the second connection end of the first diode; the current passing through the second diode flows from the first connection end of the second diode to the third connection end of the second diode.
  • Two connectors In this way, the unidirectional conduction characteristics of the two diodes can be fully utilized to limit the flow direction of the current and better exert the clamping effect on the voltage at both ends of the target module and the third switch module.
  • each switch module in the embodiment of the present application may be an element with unidirectional conduction characteristics or a signal-controllable element, such as a triode, a field effect transistor, or a relay. That is to say, the first switch module, the second switch module, the third switch module mentioned in the embodiment of the present application
  • Both the switch module and the fourth switch module can be triodes, field effect transistors or relays.
  • the field effect transistor may be, for example, a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET).
  • controllers are shown in multiple drawings of this application, it should be understood that when the switch module does not need to be controlled by a controller, the power supply circuit provided by the embodiment of this application may not have a controller. . That is, the controller shown in the drawings may not be a necessary component.
  • the power supply circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application may also include a controller.
  • the switch module is a signal-controllable component
  • the first switch module is a first field effect transistor
  • the second switch module is a second field effect transistor
  • the third switch module In the case of a third field effect transistor, the gates of the first field effect transistor, the second field effect transistor, and the third field effect transistor can all be connected to the controller, and the first field effect transistor The on and off of the field effect transistor, the second field effect transistor, and the third field effect transistor can all be controlled by the controller. In this way, the on and off of each switch module can be conveniently controlled.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 900 provided by the embodiment of the present application includes, but is not limited to: a radio frequency unit 901, a power converter 902, an interface unit 908, a memory 909, a processor 910 and other components.
  • the power converter may be a DC-DC power converter.
  • the electronic device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange different components. I won’t go into details here.
  • the electronic device 900 provided in the embodiment of the present application may also include: a power supply circuit.
  • the power supply circuit may be any of the power supply circuits provided in the above application embodiments.
  • the power supply circuit may include: a first power supply end, a second power supply end, a third power supply end and a fourth power supply end, a first inductor, a first switch module, a second switch module and an auxiliary circuit; the first The power supply end is connected to the second power supply end through the first switch module and the first inductor; the first power supply end is connected to the fourth power supply end through the first switch module and the second switch module.
  • the auxiliary circuit includes a target module, a third switch module and a second inductor connected in parallel with the first inductor; the first connection end of the target module is connected to the reference ground, so The second connection end of the target module is connected to the first connection end of the second inductor, and the second connection end of the second inductor is connected to the first connection end of the third switch module.
  • the second connection end of the three-switch module is connected to the reference ground.
  • the power supply circuit may be located in the power converter 902, for example. In this way, by solving the problem of high voltage spikes caused by reverse recovery current in the power supply circuit and by introducing one or more clamping points, electronic equipment can be made to run more smoothly and improve reliability and safety.
  • the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application may be a base station, for example.
  • the smooth operation of the base station under extremely harsh conditions (such as lightning conditions) can be better ensured.
  • the radio frequency unit 901 may be used to send and receive information, for example, to receive and send signals. Specifically, the downlink data from the network device may be received and then processed by the processor 910; in addition, the uplink data may be sent to the network device.
  • the radio frequency unit 901 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, at least one amplifier, transceiver, coupler, low noise amplifier, duplexer, etc.
  • the radio frequency unit 901 can also communicate with the network and other devices through a wireless communication system.
  • the interface unit 908 is an interface for connecting external devices to the electronic device 900 .
  • the interface unit 908 may be used to receive input (eg, data information, power, etc.) from an external device and transmit the received input to one or more components within the electronic device 900 or may be used to connect the electronic device 900 to the external device 900 . Transfer data between devices.
  • Memory 909 can be used to store various data.
  • the memory 909 may include high-speed random access memory, non-volatile memory, and the like.
  • the processor 910 is the control center of the electronic device, using various interfaces and lines to connect various parts of the entire electronic device, by running or executing software programs and/or modules stored in the memory 909, and calling data stored in the memory 909 , perform various functions of the electronic device and process data, thereby overall monitoring the electronic device.
  • Processor 910 may include one or more processing units.
  • the electronic device 900 includes some not-shown functional modules, which will not be described again here.
  • the power converter 902 may include a controller (eg, corresponding to the processor 910) and power conversion circuitry.
  • the power conversion circuit is used to convert the input power provided by the input power supply to the power converter into the output power of the load.
  • the input power supply may be an external power supply connected to the power converter, and the load may be an external power supply connected to the power converter.
  • the power converter is connected to the output load.
  • Figure 10-1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication system 1000 provided by the embodiment of the present application may include: an electronic device 1010 and a load 1020.
  • the electronic device is connected to the load.
  • the structure of the electronic device 1010 may be referred to FIG. 9 .
  • the electronic device may include a power converter, and the power converter may be used to power the negative load power supply.
  • the power converter may be a direct current-to-direct current converter (DC-DC converter).
  • DC-DC converter direct current-to-direct current converter
  • the communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application may also include an AC-DC converter 1005, and the AC-DC converter 1005 is connected to the DC-DC converter 1011.
  • the load includes a radio frequency remote unit 1021.
  • the DC-DC converter 1011 is connected to the radio frequency remote unit.
  • the current output by the power grid can first pass through an Alternating Current-Direct Current (AC-DC) converter 1005 to convert the AC current output by the power grid into DC current. Then, power is distributed to the power amplifier of the radio frequency remote unit 1021 through a DC-DC (Direct Current-Direct Current, DC-DC) converter 1011 (corresponding to the power converter 902 in Figure 9). That is, a DC-DC converter (a type of power converter) can be used for power distribution in a communication DC power supply system.
  • AC-DC Alternating Current-Direct Current
  • DC-DC Direct Current-Direct Current, DC-DC
  • the communication system provided by the embodiments of the present application can solve the problem of high voltage spikes caused by reverse recovery current in the power supply circuit, and by introducing one or more clamping points, the communication system can run more smoothly and improve reliability and safety. sex.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种供电电路、电子设备及通信系统，属于电力技术领域。所述供电电路包括：第一供电端、第二供电端、第三供电端和第四供电端、第一电感、第一开关模块、第二开关模块以及辅助电路；第一供电端通过第一开关模块和第一电感与第二供电端相连接；第一供电端通过第一开关模块和第二开关模块与第四供电端相连接；其中，所述辅助电路包括目标模块、第三开关模块以及与所述第一电感并联的第二电感；所述目标模块的第一连接端与所述参考地相连接，所述目标模块的第二连接端与所述第二电感的第一连接端相连接，所述第二电感的第二连接端与所述第三开关模块的第一连接端相连接，所述第三开关模块的第二连接端与所述参考地相连接。

Description

供电电路、电子设备及通信系统
交叉引用
本申请要求在2022年09月01日提交中国专利局、申请号为202211066864.4、名称为“供电电路、电子设备及通信系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电路技术领域，具体涉及一种供电电路、电子设备及通信系统。
背景技术
在通信直流供电系统中，需要采用供电电路实现直流供电功能。
当前所采用的供电电路一般包括电感和两个开关管，通过控制两个开关管来实现直流供电功能。在采用此供电电路实现直流供电功能的过程中，当一个开关管导通时，另一个开关管可能存在较大的反向恢复电流问题，此反向恢复电流会导致开关管两端出现高电压尖峰。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种供电电路、电子设备及通信系统，能够解决相关技术中反向恢复电流导致开关管两端出现高电压尖峰的问题。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种供电电路，该供电电路包括：第一供电端、第二供电端、第三供电端和第四供电端、第一电感、第一开关模块、第二开关模块以及辅助电路；所述第一供电端通过所述第一开关模块和所述第一电感与所述第二供电端相连接；所述第一供电端通过所述第一开关模块和所述第二开关模块与所述第四供电端相连接；其中，所述辅助电路包括目标模块、第三开关模块以及与所述第一电感并联的第二电感；所述目标模块的第一连接端与所述参考地相连接，所述目标模块的第二连接端与所述第二 电感的第一连接端相连接，所述第二电感的第二连接端与所述第三开关模块的第一连接端相连接，所述第三开关模块的第二连接端与所述参考地相连接。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电子设备，包括第一方面所述的供电电路。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信系统，包括负载和根据第二方面所述的电子设备，其中，所述电子设备包括与所述负载相连接的功率转换器，所述功率转换器用于向所述负载供电。
附图说明
图1是相关技术中一种供电电路的示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种供电电路的示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种供电电路的示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种在反向升降压情形下的供电电路的示意图；
图5-1是本申请实施例提供的另一种在反向升降压情形下的供电电路的示意图；
图5-2是本申请实施例提供的在反向升降压情形下包含目标模块的钳位路径的供电电路的示意图；
图5-3是本申请实施例提供的在反向升降压情形下包含第三开关模块的钳位路径的供电电路的示意图；
图6是本申请实施例中一些器件的驱动信号、电流信号和电压信号的示意图；
图7-1是本申请实施例提供的在非隔离型降压情形下的一种供电电路的示意图；
图7-2是本申请实施例提供的在非隔离型降压情形下另一种供电电路的示意图；
图8-1是本申请实施例提供的在非隔离型升压情形下的一种供电电路的示意图；
图8-2是本申请实施例提供的在非隔离型升压情形下的另一种供电电路的示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备的示意图；
图10-1是本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的示意图；
图10-2是本申请实施例提供的另一种通信系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便本申请的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施，且“第一”、“第二”等所区分的对象通常为一类，并不限定对象的个数，例如第一对象可以是一个，也可以是多个。此外，说明书以及权利要求中“和/或”表示所连接对象的至少其中之一，字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
图1是相关技术中一种示例的供电电路的电路原理示意图。该示例的供电电路为反向升降压电路(Inverting Buck Boost，IBB)，更具体而言，可以为直流公共架构(Direct Current-Common，DC-C)下的反向升降压电路。需了解的是，图1所示电路图仅是示例，目的在于更好地说明相关技术中存在的技术问题，本申请实施例提供的供电电路未必限制为图1所示供电电路。参照图1，该供电电路包括：输入负端(Vin﹣)、输入正端(Vin﹢)、输出负端(Vout﹣)、输出正端(Vout﹢)，电容C1、电容C2、电感L1、第一开关模块S1和第二开关模块S2。在采用图1所示电路实现直流供电功能时，因较大的主功率电感L1电流在第二开关模块S2中体二极管续流。在第一开关模块S1导通时，导致第二开关模块体二极管存在较大的反向恢复电流，引起第二开关模块S2两端出现高电压尖峰。
为解决反向恢复电流导致的高电压尖峰问题，本申请实施例提供了一种供电电路。本申请实施例提供的供电电路可以有多种电路形态。图2至图3示出了本申请实施例提供的供电电路的几种形态。需了解的是，图中所示出 的形态仅是示例，而非意为限制。
参照图2至图3，本申请实施例提供的供电电路包括：第一供电端A1、第二供电端A2、第三供电端A3和第四供电端A4、第一电感L1、第一开关模块S1、第二开关模块S2以及辅助电路200。
所述第一供电端A1通过所述第一开关模块S1和所述第一电感L1与所述第二供电端A2相连接。
所述第一供电端A1通过所述第一开关模块S1和所述第二开关模块S2与所述第四供电端A4相连接。
其中，所述辅助电路200包括目标模块Sa1、第三开关模块Sa2以及与所述第一电感L1并联的第二电感L2。
所述目标模块Sa1的第一连接端与所述参考地300相连接，所述目标模块Sa1的第二连接端与所述第二电感L2的第一连接端相连接，所述第二电感L2的第二连接端与所述第三开关模块Sa2的第一连接端相连接，所述第三开关模块Sa2的第二连接端与所述参考地300相连接。
本申请实施例提供的供电电路通过引入辅助电路200，所述辅助电路200包括目标模块Sa1、第三开关模块Sa2以及与所述第一电感L1并联的第二电感L2，并让所述辅助电路200中所述目标模块Sa1的第一连接端和所述第三开关模块Sa2的第二连接端均与参考地300相连接，可以在一定程度上降低第二开关管两端出现高电压尖峰的问题。
在本申请实施例中，所述目标模块可以为单向导通器件，也可以为信号可控类型的开关模块。例如，所述目标模块可包括至少一个目标二极管，或者，所述目标模块包括第四开关模块。需了解的是，附图中将目标模块以开关模块的形式示出，仅是示例，而非意为限制。
在本申请实施例中，所述供电电路可包括但不限定于，直流公共架构下的反向升降压电路、直流公共架构下的非隔离型降压电路以及直流公共架构下的非隔离型升压电路等。
基于所选用的具体供电电路，参考地的设置位置也可以不同。也就是说，本申请实施例中的参考地的设置位置可随着供电电路的变化而变化。例如，参考地的设置位置可位于第一供电端或者第二供电端。
在一种可能的实现方式中，如图2所示，所述参考地设置在所述第一供电端。相应地，所述辅助电路还可包括第一二极管和第二二极管(图2中未 示出，可参见后文提到的图5-1)。所述目标模块的第二连接端与所述第一二极管的第一连接端连接，所述第一二极管的第二连接端与第一钳位点相连接，其中，所述第一钳位点设置在所述第二供电端或者所述第三供电端；所述第二电感的第二连接端与所述第二二极管的第一连接端相连接，所述第二二极管的第二连接端与第二钳位点相连接，其中，所述第二钳位点设置在所述第四供电端。
其中，所述供电电路可以为反向升降压电路。所述第一供电端可以为供电输入负端，所述第二供电端可以为供电输入正端，所述第三供电端可以为供电输出负端，所述第四供电端可以为供电输出正端。
本申请实施例提供的供电电路中的参考地不仅可以设置在第一供电端，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述参考地还可设置在所述第二供电端，如图3所示。相应地，所述辅助电路还包括第一二极管和第二二极管(图3中未示出，可参见后文提到的图7-1)。所述目标模块的第二连接端与所述第一二极管的第一连接端连接，所述第一二极管的第二连接端与第一钳位点相连接，其中，所述第一钳位点设置在所述第一供电端；所述第二电感的第二连接端与所述第二二极管的第一连接端相连接，所述第二二极管的第二连接端与所述第一钳位点相连接。
其中，所述供电电路可以为直流公共架构下的非隔离型降压电路。在此情形下，所述第一供电端为供电输入正端，所述第二供电端为供电输出正端，所述第三供电端为供电输出负端，所述第四供电端为供电输入负端。
本申请实施例中的所述供电电路不仅可以为非隔离型降压电路，还可以为非隔离型升压电路。在此情形下，所述第一供电端为供电输出正端，所述第二供电端为供电输入正端，所述第三供电端为供电输入负端，所述第四供电端为供电输出负端。
下面结合具体情形下的附图来论述本申请实施例提供供电电路。
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种示例的供电电路的示意图。图4中的供电电路可以例如为直流公共架构下的反向升降压电路。图4所示的供电电路可包括四个供电端、第一开关模块S1、第二开关模块S2以及辅助电路。所述四个供电端可以包括：供电输入负端、供电输入正端、供电输出负端和供电输出正端。供电输入负端通过所述第一开关模块S1和所述第一电感L1与供电输入正端相连接；所述供电输入负端通过所述第一开关模块S1和所述第 二开关模块S2与供电输出正端相连接。
在图4所示电路中，在第一阶段，第一开关模块S1导通，第二开关模块S2断开，电源的输入电压Vin给电感L1存储能量；在第二阶段，第一开关模块S1断开，第二开关模块S2导通，电感L1经过第二开关模块S2释放能量，向负载提供能量，如此循环，实现输入电压Vin到输出电压Vout的转换。
在转换的过程中，在第二开关模块S2断开后，第二开关模块S2的体二极管可能会续流电感中电流，此时若第一开关模块S1导通，会导致第二开关模块S2存在较大的反向恢复电流问题。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例在图4中引入了辅助电路200。参照图4，图4中虚线框框起来的部分即为引入的辅助电路200，所述辅助电路包括目标模块(图中示例性地示出为开关模块Sa1)、第三开关模块Sa2以及与所述第一电感L1并联的第二电感L2。所述目标模块的第一连接端与所述参考地300相连接，所述目标模块的第二连接端与所述第二电感L2的第一连接端相连接，所述第二电感L2的第二连接端与所述第三开关模块Sa2的第一连接端相连接，所述第三开关模块Sa2的第二连接端与所述参考地300相连接。
其中，所述辅助电路可以为辅助软开关电路，例如可以为零电压转换(Zero Voltage Turn,ZVT)电路。所述第二电感L2可以为耦合电感。所述参考地的设置位置可位于供电输入负端。
在第一开关模块S1被导通之前，可以控制辅助电路200导通，此时电感L2、目标模块Sa1、第三开关模块Sa2形成闭合回路，控制所述第二开关模块S2体二极管零电流关断，无反向恢复损耗，同时第一开关模块S1可零电压导通。
本申请实施例提供的图4所示的供电电路，通过引入辅助电路200，所述辅助电路包括目标模块Sa1、第三开关模块Sa2以及与所述第一电感并联的第二电感L2，并让所述辅助电路200中所述目标模块Sa1的第一连接端和所述第三开关模块Sa2的第二连接端均与参考地300相连接，可以在一定程度上降低反向升降压电路中第二开关模块S2两端出现高电压尖峰的问题。
然而，所述辅助电路在实现第一开关模块S1、第二开关模块S2的软开关功能(例如第二开关模块零电流关断，所述第一开关模块零电压导通)的过程中，所述辅助电路200可在导通或关断第三开关模块Sa2之间来回切换。具体地，在所述辅助电路200电路被配置为由Sa1和Sa2形成的回路导通时， 此时可导通所述第三开关模块Sa2。若所述第三开关模块Sa2导通，所述辅助电路形成的回路的阻抗可忽略不计，可视为所述电感L1两端短路，电感L1中的电流全部经过所述辅助电路形成的回路。在所述辅助电路被配置为由Sa1和Sa2构成的回路断开时，此时可关断所述第三开关模块Sa2。关断所述第三开关模块Sa2时，由于辅助电路自身回路上存在较高的电流变化率(即单位时间内电流变化较快)，所述电感L2中的电流可能经过目标模块Sa1、第三开关模块Sa2，进而出现反向恢复电流问题。特别地，由于辅助电路上漏感的存在，漏感在反向恢复电流的激励下，辅助电路中的一些器件自身可能会产生较大的电压尖峰，在一些情况下可达到输入电压Vin的两倍以上。举例而言，在发生雷击的情况下，输入电压Vin在瞬间可以被冲击到一个很高的电压，容易导致辅助电路中Sa1器件损坏。为防止辅助电路中Sa1器件损坏，在选择Sa1器件时会提出更高要求，这无疑会影响性能或者增加成本。
为了进一步降低辅助电路中器件两端产生的电压尖峰，本申请实施例在供电电路中引入了钳位点。下面参照图5-1进行论述。
图5-1是本申请实施例提供的另一种示例的供电电路的示意图。图5-1所示供电电路在图4所示供电电路的基础上增加了两个二极管：第一二极管D1和第二二极管D2，并增加了两个钳位点：第一钳位点和第二钳位点。在图5-1所示供电电路中，第一钳位点与第一二极管D1相连接，第二钳位点与第二二极管D2相连接。
如图5-1所示，所述辅助电路200可包括第一二极管D1和第二二极管D2。所述目标模块Sa1的第二连接端与所述第一二极管D1的第一连接端连接，所述第一二极管D1的第二连接端与第一钳位点相连接，其中，所述第一钳位点设置在供电输入正端或者供电输出负端；所述第二电感L2的第二连接端与所述第二二极管D2的第一连接端相连接，所述第二二极管D2的第二连接端与第二钳位点相连接，其中，所述第二钳位点设置在供电输出正端。需了解的是，由于所述第二电感的第二连接端与所述第三开关模块的第一连接端相连接，所述第二电感L2的第二连接端还与所述第二二极管D2的第一连接端相连接，因而，所述第二二极管D2的第一连接端可与所述第三开关模块的第一连接端相连接。
图5-1所示供电电路以输入负端为参考地，所述目标模块的第一连接端与所述参考地相连接，目标模块Sa1的第二连接端通过第一二极管D1与第 一钳位点的相连接。如此，可将辅助电路中目标模块的电压应力钳位至参考地与第一钳位点之间的电压。又由于第一钳位点在图5-1中可设置在供电输入正端或者供电输出负端，因而参考地与第一钳位点之间的电压为Vin。
在图5-1中，所述第三开关模块Sa2的第一连接端通过第二二极管D2与第二钳位点相连接。第三开关模块Sa2的第二连接端与所述参考地相连接。如此，可将辅助电路中第三开关模块Sa2的电压应力钳位至参考地与第二钳位点之间的电压。又由于第二钳位点在图5-1中设置在供电输出正端或与供电输出正端相连接，因而参考地与第一钳位点之间的电压为(Vin+Vout)。
可见，通过上面的方式，可将目标模块Sa1的电压尖峰应力钳位至参考地与第一钳位点之间的电压，即Vin，超过Vin的能量无损回馈到供电输入端。同时，通过上面的方式，可将第三开关模块Sa2的尖峰电压应力钳位至参考地与第二钳位点之间的电压，即(Vin+Vout)，超过(Vin+Vout)的能量回馈到输出端。这样一来，可降低辅助电路中目标模块Sa1两端产生的电压尖峰，以及辅助电路中第三开关模块Sa2两端产生的电压尖峰。同时，需了解的是，此种钳位方式由于将目标模块Sa1两端产生的电压钳位至输入负端和输入正端，这样可以无损解决辅助电路中目标模块Sa1两端的电压应力问题。类似地，此种钳位方式由于将第三开关模块Sa2两端产生的电压钳位至输入负端和输出正端，这样可以无损解决辅助电路中第三开关模块Sa2两端的电压应力问题。
相关技术中可能存在其他的降低辅助电路中器件两端产生的电压尖峰的方式，但是相关技术中的方式大多是有损吸收电压应力的方式，而不是本申请实施例中如图5-1所示供电电路中的无损吸收电压应力的方式。
为了更好地展示目标模块Sa1的钳位路径和第三开关模块Sa2的钳位路径，下面结合图5-2和图5-3进行论述。
图5-2和图5-3是本申请实施例提供的另一种示例的供电电路的示意图。图5-2在图5-1的基础上以虚线的形式标出了目标模块Sa1的钳位路径。图5-3在图5-1的基础上行以虚线的形式标出了第三开关模块Sa2的钳位路径。也就是说，目标模块Sa1的钳位路径可如图5-2中虚线所示，第三开关模块Sa2的钳位路径可如图5-3中虚线所示。
由图5-2可知，目标模块Sa1的电压应力被钳位到等于Vin。由图5-3可知，第三开关模块Sa2的电压应力被钳位到等于Vin加上Vout。通过以上方 式，将辅助电路中目标模块Sa1和第三开关模块Sa2的电压应力分别无损钳位到等于Vin和(Vin+Vout)，可以降低辅助电路中各个器件两端产生的电压尖峰。相比其他的电压应力尖峰减小方式，图5-1所示供电电路不仅可降低目标模块Sa1和第三开关模块Sa2的耐压等级，无损解决辅助电路中器件的电压应力问题，而且提高了电源整体效率以及雷击等高压输入场景下器件的可靠性。
需要说明的是，如图5-1所示，本申请实施例利用与输入负端相连的参考地300的优势，采用钳位方式来无损降低目标模块Sa1以及第三开关模块Sa2的电压应力，在升降压IBB拓扑电路中具有良好的应用效果。即在IBB拓扑电路中，不受输入电压、输出电压范围限制，辅助电路中目标模块Sa1以及第三开关模块Sa2两端的电压应力均能有效钳位，应力优化效果较好。
在一些实施例中，在发生雷击时，输入电压Vin会被瞬间冲击到一个很高的电压，在本申请实施例提供的供电电路中，目标模块Sa1两端电压只需承受Vin电压，相较其他方式远大于输入电压Vin的尖峰电压应力，本申请实施例中目标模块Sa1的电压应力被控制在输入电压Vin内，可靠性高。
需要说明的是，本申请利用输入负端作为目标模块Sa1以及第三开关模块Sa2的参考地，减小辅助电路中各器件两端的电压应力，且将目标模块Sa1的电压尖峰应力钳位到等于输入电压Vin的方式，提升了软开关电路的抗压能力，在IBB拓扑电路中具有较好的防雷效果。
针对图5-1和图5-2中一些相关器件的电流、电压和驱动信号的示意图可如图6所示。由图6可知，Sa1两端的最高电压被钳位至Vin，Sa2两端的最高电压被钳位至(Vin+Vout)。
上面以示例的方式示出了本申请实施例提供的供电电路应用于IBB拓扑电路的情形，需了解的是，本申请实施例提供的供电电路也可以应用于其他情形。下面结合图7-1和图7-2论述本申请实施例提供的供电电路应用于非隔离型降压电路的情形，并结合图8-1和图8-2论述本申请实施例提供的供电电路应用于非隔离型升压电路的情形。需了解的是，本申请实施例所列出的这些情形仅是示例，并不意为限制。
图7-1是本申请实施例提供的一种示例的供电电路的示意图。图7-1中的供电电路可以例如为直流公共架构下的非隔离型降压电路。图7-1所示的供电电路可包括四个供电端、第一开关模块S1、第二开关模块S2以及辅助 电路。所述四个供电端可以包括：供电输入负端、供电输入正端、供电输出负端和供电输出正端。供电输入正端通过所述第一开关模块S1和所述第一电感L1与供电输出正端相连接；所述供电输入正端通过所述第一开关模块S1和所述第二开关模块S2与供电输入负端相连接。
在图7-1所示电路中，在第一阶段，第一开关模块S1导通，第二开关模块S2断开，电源的输入电压Vin给电感L1存储能量；在第二阶段，第一开关模块S1断开，第二开关模块S2导通，电感L1经过第二开关模块S2释放能量，向负载提供能量，如此循环，实现输入电压Vin到输出电压Vout的转换。
在转换的过程中，在第二开关模块S2断开后，第二开关模块S2的体二极管可能会续流电感中电流，此时若第一开关模块S1导通，会导致第二开关模块存在较大的反向恢复电流问题。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例在图7-1中引入了辅助电路200。参照图7-1，图7-1中虚线框框起来的部分即为引入的辅助电路200，所述辅助电路包括目标模块(图中示例性地示出为开关模块Sa1)、第三开关模块Sa2以及与所述第一电感L1并联的第二电感L2。所述目标模块Sa1的第一连接端与所述参考地300相连接，所述目标模块Sa1的第二连接端与所述第二电感L2的第一连接端相连接，所述第二电感L2的第二连接端与所述第三开关模块Sa2的第一连接端相连接，所述第三开关模块Sa2的第二连接端与所述参考地300相连接。
其中，所述辅助电路可以为辅助软开关电路，例如可以为零电压转换(Zero Voltage Turn,ZVT)电路。所述第二电感L2可以为耦合电感。所述参考地的设置位置可位于供电输出正端。
在第一开关模块S1被导通之前，可以控制辅助电路200导通，此时电感L2、目标模块Sa1、第三开关模块Sa2形成闭合回路，控制所述第二开关模块S2体二极管零电流关断，无反向恢复损耗，同时第一开关模块S1可零电压导通。
本申请实施例提供的图7-1所示的供电电路，通过引入辅助电路200，所述辅助电路包括目标模块Sa1、第三开关模块Sa2以及与所述第一电感并联的第二电感L2，并让所述辅助电路200中所述目标模块Sa1的第一连接端和所述第三开关模块Sa2的第二连接端均与参考地300相连接，可以在一定程 度上降低非隔离型降压电路中第二开关模块S2两端出现高电压尖峰的问题。
然而，所述辅助电路在实现第一开关模块S1、第二开关模块S2的软开关功能(例如第二开关模块零电流关断，所述第一开关模块零电压导通)的过程中，所述辅助电路200可在导通或关断第三开关模块Sa2之间来回切换。具体地，在所述辅助电路200电路被配置为由Sa1和Sa2形成的回路导通时，此时可导通所述第三开关模块Sa2。若所述第三开关模块Sa2导通，所述辅助电路形成的回路的阻抗可忽略不计，可视为所述电感L1两端短路，电感L1中的电流全部经过所述辅助电路形成的回路。在所述辅助电路被配置为由Sa1和Sa2构成的回路断开时，此时可关断所述第三开关模块Sa2。关断所述第三开关模块Sa2时，由于辅助电路自身回路上存在较高的电流变化率(即单位时间内电流变化较快)，所述电感L2中的电流可能经过目标模块Sa1、第三开关模块Sa2，进而出现反向恢复电流问题。特别地，由于辅助电路上漏感的存在，漏感在反向恢复电流的激励下，辅助电路中的一些器件自身可能会产生较大的电压尖峰，在一些情况下可达到输入电压Vin的两倍以上。举例而言，在发生雷击的情况下，输入电压Vin在瞬间可以被冲击到一个很高的电压，容易导致辅助电路中Sa1器件损坏。为防止辅助电路中Sa1器件损坏，在选择Sa1器件时会提出更高要求，这无疑会影响性能或者增加成本。
为了进一步降低辅助电路中器件两端产生的电压尖峰，本申请实施例在供电电路中引入了钳位点。下面参照图7-2进行论述。
图7-2是本申请实施例提供的另一种示例的供电电路的示意图。图7-2所示供电电路在图7-1所示供电电路的基础上增加了两个二极管：第一二极管D1和第二二极管D2，并增加了一个钳位点：第一钳位点。在图7-2中，第一二极管D1和第二二极管D2均与第一钳位点相连接。
如图7-2所示，所述辅助电路200可包括第一二极管D1和第二二极管D2。所述目标模块Sa1的第二连接端与所述第一二极管D1的第一连接端连接，所述第一二极管D1的第二连接端与第一钳位点相连接，其中，所述第一钳位点设置在所述第一供电端；
所述第二电感L2的第二连接端与所述第二二极管D2的第一连接端相连接，所述第二二极管D2的第二连接端与第一钳位点相连接。
图7-2所示供电电路以输出正端为参考地，辅助第一开关管Sa1通过第一二极管D1钳位至输入正端第一钳位点，辅助第二开关管Sa2通过第二二 极管D2钳位至输出正端第一钳位点。
图7-2所示供电电路以输出正端为参考地，所述目标模块Sa1的第一连接端与所述参考地相连接，目标模块Sa1的第二连接端通过第一二极管D1与第一钳位点的相连接。如此，可将辅助电路中目标模块Sa1的电压应力钳位至参考地与第一钳位点之间的电压。又由于第一钳位点在图7-2中可设置在供电输入正端，因而参考地与第一钳位点之间的电压为(Vin－Vout)。
在图7-2中，所述第三开关模块Sa2的第一连接端通过第二二极管D2与第一钳位点相连接。第三开关模块Sa2的第二连接端与所述参考地相连接。如此，可将辅助电路中第三开关模块Sa2的电压应力钳位至参考地与第一钳位点之间的电压。又由于第一钳位点在图7-2中设置在供电输入正端或与供电输入正端相连接，因而参考地与第一钳位点之间的电压为(Vin－Vout)。
可见，通过上面的方式，可将目标模块Sa1的电压尖峰应力钳位至参考地与第一钳位点之间的电压，即(Vin－Vout)，超过(Vin－Vout)的能量无损回馈到供电端。同时，通过上面的方式，可将第三开关模块Sa2的尖峰电压应力钳位至参考地与第一钳位点之间的电压，即(Vin－Vout)，超过(Vin－Vout)的能量回馈到供电端。这样一来，可降低辅助电路中目标模块Sa1两端产生的电压尖峰，以及辅助电路中第三开关模块Sa2两端产生的电压尖峰。同时，需了解的是，此种钳位方式由于将目标模块Sa1两端产生的电压钳位至输入正端和输出正端，这样可以无损解决辅助电路中目标模块Sa1两端的电压应力问题。类似地，此种钳位方式由于将第三开关模块Sa2两端产生的电压钳位至输入正端和输出正端，这样可以无损解决辅助电路中第三开关模块Sa2两端的电压应力问题。
相关技术中可能存在其他的降低辅助电路中器件两端产生的电压尖峰的方式，但是相关技术中的方式大多是有损吸收电压应力的方式，而不是本申请实施例中如图7-2所示供电电路中的无损吸收电压应力的方式。
图8-1是本申请实施例提供的一种示例的供电电路的示意图。图8-1中的供电电路可以例如为直流公共架构下的非隔离型升压电路。图8-1所示的供电电路可包括四个供电端、第一开关模块S1、第二开关模块S2以及辅助电路。所述四个供电端可以包括：供电输入负端、供电输入正端、供电输出负端和供电输出正端。供电输出正端通过所述第一开关模块S1和所述第一电感L1与供电输入正端相连接；所述供电输出正端通过所述第一开关模块S1 和所述第二开关模块S2与供电输出负端相连接。
在图8-1所示电路中，在第一阶段，第二开关模块S2导通，第一开关模块S1断开，电源的输入电压Vin给电感L1存储能量；在第二阶段，第二开关模块S2断开，第一开关模块S1导通，电感L1经过第一开关模块S1释放能量，向负载提供能量，如此循环，实现输入电压Vin到输出电压Vout的升压转换。
在转换的过程中，在第二开关模块S2断开后，第二开关模块S2的体二极管可能会续流电感中电流，此时若第一开关模块S1导通，会存在较大的反向恢复电流问题。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例在图8-1中引入了辅助电路200。参照图8-1，图8-1中虚线框框起来的部分即为引入的辅助电路200，所述辅助电路包括目标模块(图中示例性地示出为开关模块Sa1)、第三开关模块Sa2以及与所述第一电感L1并联的第二电感L2。所述目标模块Sa1的第一连接端与所述参考地300相连接，所述目标模块Sa1的第二连接端与所述第二电感L2的第一连接端相连接，所述第二电感L2的第二连接端与所述第三开关模块Sa2的第一连接端相连接，所述第三开关模块Sa2的第二连接端与所述参考地300相连接。
其中，所述辅助电路可以为辅助软开关电路，例如可以为零电压转换(Zero Voltage Turn,ZVT)电路。所述第二电感L2可以为耦合电感。所述参考地的设置位置可位于供电输入正端。
在第一开关模块S1被导通之前，可以控制辅助电路200导通，此时电感L2、目标模块Sa1、第三开关模块Sa2形成闭合回路，控制所述第二开关模块S2体二极管零电流关断，无反向恢复损耗，同时第一开关模块S1可零电压导通。
本申请实施例提供的图8-1所示的供电电路，通过引入辅助电路200，所述辅助电路包括目标模块Sa1、第三开关模块Sa2以及与所述第一电感并联的第二电感L2，并让所述辅助电路200中所述目标模块Sa1的第一连接端和所述第三开关模块Sa2的第二连接端均与参考地300相连接，可以在一定程度上降低非隔离型升压电路中第一开关管S1两端出现高电压尖峰的问题。
然而，所述辅助电路在实现第一开关模块S1、第二开关模块S2的软开关功能(例如第二开关模块零电流关断，所述第一开关模块零电压导通)的 过程中，所述辅助电路200可在导通或关断第三开关模块Sa2之间来回切换。具体地，在所述辅助电路200电路被配置为由Sa1和Sa2形成的回路导通时，此时可导通所述第三开关模块Sa2。若所述第三开关模块Sa2导通，所述辅助电路形成的回路的阻抗可忽略不计，可视为所述电感L1两端短路，电感L1中的电流全部经过所述辅助电路形成的回路。在所述辅助电路被配置为由Sa1和Sa2构成的回路断开时，此时可关断所述第三开关模块Sa2。关断所述第三开关模块Sa2时，由于辅助电路自身回路上存在较高的电流变化率(即单位时间内电流变化较快)，所述电感L2中的电流可能经过目标模块Sa1、第三开关模块Sa2，进而出现反向恢复电流问题。特别地，由于辅助电路上漏感的存在，漏感在反向恢复电流的激励下，辅助电路中的一些器件自身可能会产生较大的电压尖峰，在一些情况下可达到输入电压Vin的两倍以上。举例而言，在发生雷击的情况下，输入电压Vin在瞬间可以被冲击到一个很高的电压，容易导致辅助电路中的器件损坏。为防止辅助电路中的器件损坏，在选择器件时会提出更高要求，这无疑会影响性能或者增加成本。
为了进一步降低辅助电路中器件两端产生的电压尖峰，本申请实施例在供电电路中引入了钳位点。下面参照图8-2进行论述。
图8-2是本申请实施例提供的另一种示例的供电电路的示意图。图8-2在图8-1的基础上增加了两个二极管：第一二极管D1和第二二极管D2，并增加了一个钳位点：第一钳位点。在图8-2中，第一二极管D1和第二二极管D2均与第一钳位点相连接。
如图8-2所示，所述辅助电路200可包括第一二极管D1和第二二极管D2。所述目标模块Sa1的第二连接端与所述第一二极管D1的第一连接端连接，所述第一二极管D1的第二连接端与第一钳位点相连接，其中，所述第一钳位点设置在所述第一供电端；
所述第二电感L2的第二连接端与所述第二二极管D2的第一连接端相连接，所述第二二极管D2的第二连接端与第一钳位点相连接。
图8-2所示供电电路以输入正端为参考地，辅助第一开关管Sa1通过第一二极管D1钳位至输出正端第一钳位点，辅助第二开关管Sa2通过第二二极管D2钳位至输出正端第一钳位点。
图8-2所示供电电路以输出正端为参考地，所述目标模块Sa1的第一连接端与所述参考地相连接，目标模块Sa1的第二连接端通过第一二极管D1 与第一钳位点的相连接。如此，可将辅助电路中目标模块Sa1的电压应力钳位至参考地与第一钳位点之间的电压。又由于第一钳位点在图8-2中可设置在供电输入正端，因而参考地与第一钳位点之间的电压为(Vout－Vin)。
在图8-2中，所述第三开关模块Sa2的第一连接端通过第二二极管D2与第一钳位点相连接。第三开关模块Sa2的第二连接端与所述参考地相连接。如此，可将辅助电路中第三开关模块Sa2的电压应力钳位至参考地与第一钳位点之间的电压。又由于第一钳位点在图8-2中设置在供电输入正端相连接，因而参考地与第一钳位点之间的电压为(Vout－Vin)。
可见，通过上面的方式，可将目标模块Sa1的电压尖峰应力钳位至参考地与第一钳位点之间的电压，即(Vout－Vin)，超过(Vout－Vin)的能量无损回馈到供电端。同时，通过上面的方式，可将第三开关模块Sa2的尖峰电压应力钳位至参考地与第一钳位点之间的电压，即(Vout－Vin)，超过(Vout－Vin)的能量回馈到供电端。这样一来，可降低辅助电路中目标模块Sa1两端产生的电压尖峰，以及辅助电路中第三开关模块Sa2两端产生的电压尖峰。同时，需了解的是，此种钳位方式由于将目标模块Sa1两端产生的电压钳位至输入正端和输出正端，这样可以无损解决辅助电路中目标模块Sa1两端的电压应力问题。类似地，此种钳位方式由于将第三开关模块Sa2两端产生的电压钳位至输入正端和输出正端，这样可以无损解决辅助电路中第三开关模块Sa2两端的电压应力问题。
相关技术中可能存在其他的降低辅助电路中器件两端产生的电压尖峰的方式，但是相关技术中的方式大多是有损吸收电压应力的方式，而不是本申请实施例中如图8-2所示供电电路中的无损吸收电压应力的方式。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例提供的供电电路在包括第一二极管和第二二极管的情况下，经过所述第一二极管的电流从所述第一二极管的第一连接端流向所述第一二极管的第二连接端；经过所述第二二极管的电流从所述第二二极管的第一连接端流向所述第二二极管的第二连接端。如此，可以充分利用这两个二极管的单向导通特性，对电流的流动方向进行限定，更好地发挥对目标模块和第三开关模块两端的电压的钳位作用。
另外，需要说明的是，本申请实施例中的各个开关模块可以为具备单向导通特性的元件或者为信号可控的元件，例如三极管、场效应晶体管或者继电器等。也就是说，本申请实施例提到的一开关模块、第二开关模块、第三 开关模块和第四开关模块均可以为三极管、场效应晶体管或者继电器。其中，场效应晶体管例如可以为金属-氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor,MOSFET)。
同时，需要了解的是，虽然本申请的多个附图中示出了控制器，但是需了解到，在开关模块无需控制器控制的情况下，本申请实施例提供的供电电路可以没有控制器。也就是说，附图中示出的控制器可以不是必须的部件。
当然，在需要的情况下，本申请实施例中提供的供电电路也可包括控制器。举例而言，在开关模块为信号可控的元件的情况下，例如所述第一开关模块为第一场效应晶体管、所述第二开关模块为第二场效应晶体管，所述第三开关模块为第三场效应晶体管的情况下，所述第一场效应晶体管、所述第二场效应晶体管、所述第三场效应晶体管的栅极均可与所述控制器连接，且所述第一场效应晶体管、所述第二场效应晶体管、所述第三场效应晶体管的通断均可由所述控制器控制。如此，可以便捷地控制各个开关模块的导通和断开。
图9为本申请实施例的一种电子设备的硬件结构示意图。参照图9，本申请实施例提供的电子设备900包括但不限于：射频单元901、功率转换器902、接口单元908、存储器909、以及处理器910等部件。其中，所述功率转换器可以为直流-直流功率转换器。需了解的是，图9中示出的电子设备结构并不构成对电子设备的限定，电子设备可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置，在此不再赘述。
本领域技术人员可以理解，本申请实施例提供的电子设备900还可包括：供电电路。所述供电电路可以为上文本申请实施例提供的任一种供电电路。例如，所述供电电路可包括：第一供电端、第二供电端、第三供电端和第四供电端、第一电感、第一开关模块、第二开关模块以及辅助电路；所述第一供电端通过所述第一开关模块和所述第一电感与所述第二供电端相连接；所述第一供电端通过所述第一开关模块和所述第二开关模块与所述第四供电端相连接；其中，所述辅助电路包括目标模块、第三开关模块以及与所述第一电感并联的第二电感；所述目标模块的第一连接端与所述参考地相连接，所述目标模块的第二连接端与所述第二电感的第一连接端相连接，所述第二电感的第二连接端与所述第三开关模块的第一连接端相连接，所述第三开关模块的第二连接端与所述参考地相连接。
所述供电电路例如可以位于功率转换器902中。如此，通过解决供电电路中反向恢复电流导致的高电压尖峰问题，并且通过引入一或多个钳位点，可以让电子设备更加平稳地运行，提高可靠性和安全性。
本申请实施例中提供的电子设备举例而言可以为基站。如此，可以更好地保证在极端恶劣条件下(例如打雷的条件下)基站的平稳运行。
下面对电子设备中的一些部件进行简单说明。
射频单元901可用于收发信息，例如用于信号的接收和发送。具体地，可以将来自网络设备的下行数据接收后，给处理器910处理；另外，将上行的数据发送给网络设备。通常，射频单元901包括但不限于天线、至少一个放大器、收发信机、耦合器、低噪声放大器、双工器等。此外，射频单元901还可以通过无线通信系统与网络和其他设备通信。
接口单元908为外部装置与电子设备900连接的接口。接口单元908可以用于接收来自外部装置的输入(例如，数据信息、电力等等)并且将接收到的输入传输到电子设备900内的一个或多个组件或者可以用于在电子设备900和外部装置之间传输数据。
存储器909可用于存储各种数据。存储器909可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器等。
处理器910是电子设备的控制中心，利用各种接口和线路连接整个电子设备的各个部分，通过运行或执行存储在存储器909内的软件程序和/或模块，以及调用存储在存储器909内的数据，执行电子设备的各种功能和处理数据，从而对电子设备进行整体监控。处理器910可包括一个或多个处理单元。
另外，电子设备900包括一些未示出的功能模块，在此不再赘述。
在所述电子设备包括功率转换器902的情况下，所述功率转换器902可包括控制器(例如对应于处理器910)以及功率转换电路。所述功率转换电路用于将输入电源提供给所述功率转换器的输入功率转换为负载的输出功率，所述输入电源可以为与所述功率转换器连接的外加电源，所述负载可以为与所述功率转换器连接的输出负载。
图10-1是本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的示意图。如图10-1所示，本申请实施例提供的通信系统1000可包括：电子设备1010和负载1020。所述电子设备和所述负载相连接。其中，所述电子设备1010的结构可参照图9。同时，所述电子设备可以包括功率转换器，所述功率转换器可用于向所述负 载供电。
在一个实施例中，所述功率转换器可以为直流-直流转换器(DC-DC转换器)。在此情形下，如图10-2所示，本申请实施例提供的通信系统还可包括交流-直流转换器1005，所述交流-直流转换器1005与所述直流-直流转换器1011相连接。相应地，所述负载包括射频拉远单元1021。所述直流-直流转换器1011与所述射频拉远单元相连接。
如图10-2所示，电网输出的电流可先经过交流变直流(Alternating Current-Direct Current，AC-DC)转换器1005，以将电网输出的交流电流转换为直流电流。然后，再经过直流变直流(Direct Current-Direct Current，DC-DC)转换器1011(对应于图9中的功率转换器902)为射频拉远单元1021的功率放大器进行配电。即，在通信直流供电系统中可采用DC-DC转换器(一种功率转换器)进行配电。
本申请实施例提供的通信系统可通过解决供电电路中反向恢复电流导致的高电压尖峰问题，并且通过引入一或多个钳位点，可以让通信系统更加平稳地运行，提高可靠性和安全性。
需要说明的是，在本文中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到上述实施例方法可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件，但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。
上面结合附图对本申请的实施例进行了描述，但是本申请并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的启示下，在不脱离本申请宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式，均属于本申请的保护之内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种供电电路，包括：第一供电端、第二供电端、第三供电端和第四供电端、第一电感、第一开关模块、第二开关模块以及辅助电路；
    所述第一供电端通过所述第一开关模块和所述第一电感与所述第二供电端相连接；
    所述第一供电端通过所述第一开关模块和所述第二开关模块与所述第四供电端相连接；
    其中，所述辅助电路包括目标模块、第三开关模块以及与所述第一电感并联的第二电感；
    所述目标模块的第一连接端与参考地相连接，所述目标模块的第二连接端与所述第二电感的第一连接端相连接，所述第二电感的第二连接端与所述第三开关模块的第一连接端相连接，所述第三开关模块的第二连接端与所述参考地相连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的供电电路，其中，所述参考地设置在所述第一供电端；所述辅助电路还包括第一二极管和第二二极管；
    所述目标模块的第二连接端与所述第一二极管的第一连接端连接，所述第一二极管的第二连接端与第一钳位点相连接，其中，所述第一钳位点设置在所述第二供电端或者所述第三供电端；
    所述第二电感的第二连接端与所述第二二极管的第一连接端相连接，所述第二二极管的第二连接端与第二钳位点相连接，其中，所述第二钳位点设置在所述第四供电端。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的供电电路，其中，所述供电电路包括直流公共架构下的反向升降压电路；所述第一供电端为供电输入负端，所述第二供电端为供电输入正端，所述第三供电端为供电输出负端，所述第四供电端为供电输出正端。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的供电电路，其中，所述参考地设置在所述 第二供电端；所述辅助电路还包括第一二极管和第二二极管；
    所述目标模块的第二连接端与所述第一二极管的第一连接端连接，所述第一二极管的第二连接端与第一钳位点相连接，其中，所述第一钳位点设置在所述第一供电端；
    所述第二电感的第二连接端与所述第二二极管的第一连接端相连接，所述第二二极管的第二连接端与所述第一钳位点相连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的供电电路，其中，所述供电电路包括直流公共架构下的非隔离型降压电路；所述第一供电端为供电输入正端，所述第二供电端为供电输出正端，所述第三供电端为供电输出负端，所述第四供电端为供电输入负端。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的供电电路，其中，所述供电电路包括直流公共架构下的非隔离型升压电路；所述第一供电端为供电输出正端，所述第二供电端为供电输入正端，所述第三供电端为供电输入负端，所述第四供电端为供电输出负端。
  7. 根据权利要求2或4所述的供电电路，其中，经过所述第一二极管的电流从所述第一二极管的第一连接端流向所述第一二极管的第二连接端；经过所述第二二极管的电流从所述第二二极管的第一连接端流向所述第二二极管的第二连接端。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的供电电路，其中，所述目标模块包括至少一个目标二极管，或者，所述目标模块包括第四开关模块。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的供电电路，其中，所述供电电路还包括控制器，所述第一开关模块为第一场效应晶体管、所述第二开关模块为第二场效应晶体管，所述第三开关模块为第三场效应晶体管，所述第一场效应晶体管、所述第二场效应晶体管、所述第三场效应晶体管的通断均由所述控制器控制。
  10. 一种电子设备，包括根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的供电电路。
  11. 一种通信系统，包括负载和根据权利要求10所述的电子设备，其中，所述电子设备包括与所述负载相连接的功率转换器，所述功率转换器用于向所述负载供电。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的通信系统，其中，所述通信系统还包括交流-直流转换器，所述交流-直流转换器与所述功率转换器相连接，所述负载包括射频拉远单元。
PCT/CN2023/115451 2022-09-01 2023-08-29 供电电路、电子设备及通信系统 Ceased WO2024046302A1 (zh)

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