WO2024046416A1 - 一种音量调节方法、电子设备及系统 - Google Patents

一种音量调节方法、电子设备及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024046416A1
WO2024046416A1 PCT/CN2023/116067 CN2023116067W WO2024046416A1 WO 2024046416 A1 WO2024046416 A1 WO 2024046416A1 CN 2023116067 W CN2023116067 W CN 2023116067W WO 2024046416 A1 WO2024046416 A1 WO 2024046416A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
volume
sound
electronic device
level
sound level
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/116067
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
鲍光照
王春鹏
庞立臣
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP23859445.1A priority Critical patent/EP4530821A4/en
Priority to US18/994,912 priority patent/US20260019055A1/en
Publication of WO2024046416A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024046416A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/16—Sound input; Sound output
    • G06F3/165—Management of the audio stream, e.g. setting of volume, audio stream path
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/12—Audiometering
    • A61B5/121—Audiometering evaluating hearing capacity
    • A61B5/123—Audiometering evaluating hearing capacity subjective methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/6802—Sensor mounted on worn items
    • A61B5/6803—Head-worn items, e.g. helmets, masks, headphones or goggles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6887—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient mounted on external non-worn devices, e.g. non-medical devices
    • A61B5/6898—Portable consumer electronic devices, e.g. music players, telephones, tablet computers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/7203—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/7235—Details of waveform analysis
    • A61B5/7264—Classification of physiological signals or data, e.g. using neural networks, statistical classifiers, expert systems or fuzzy systems
    • A61B5/7267—Classification of physiological signals or data, e.g. using neural networks, statistical classifiers, expert systems or fuzzy systems involving training the classification device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/16—Sound input; Sound output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G3/00—Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers
    • H03G3/002—Control of digital or coded signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G3/00—Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers
    • H03G3/20—Automatic control
    • H03G3/30—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
    • H03G3/32—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices the control being dependent upon ambient noise level or sound level
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/41—Structure of client; Structure of client peripherals
    • H04N21/414—Specialised client platforms, e.g. receiver in car or embedded in a mobile appliance
    • H04N21/41407—Specialised client platforms, e.g. receiver in car or embedded in a mobile appliance embedded in a portable device, e.g. video client on a mobile phone, PDA, laptop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47—End-user applications
    • H04N21/485—End-user interface for client configuration
    • H04N21/4852—End-user interface for client configuration for modifying audio parameters, e.g. switching between mono and stereo
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
    • H04R5/04—Circuit arrangements, e.g. for selective connection of amplifier inputs/outputs to loudspeakers, for loudspeaker detection, or for adaptation of settings to personal preferences or hearing impairments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N3/00—Computing arrangements based on biological models
    • G06N3/02—Neural networks
    • G06N3/08—Learning methods
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2205/00—Details of stereophonic arrangements covered by H04R5/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2205/041—Adaptation of stereophonic signal reproduction for the hearing impaired
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2430/00—Signal processing covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
    • H04R2430/01—Aspects of volume control, not necessarily automatic, in sound systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/11—Transducers incorporated or for use in hand-held devices, e.g. mobile phones, PDA's, camera's
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R25/00—Electric hearing aids
    • H04R25/70—Adaptation of deaf aid to hearing loss, e.g. initial electronic fitting

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present application relate to terminal technology, and in particular, to a volume adjustment method, electronic device, and system.
  • terminal devices including but not limited to mobile phones, glasses, open headphones, etc.
  • music in public scenes such as elevators, conference rooms, etc.
  • the calls or music are often heard by people next to them.
  • Content there is a risk of personal privacy being leaked or interfering with others.
  • the present application provides a volume adjustment method, electronic device and system.
  • the method can adjust the playback volume of the downlink signal based on the environmental noise signal, the downlink signal and the user's hearing level to improve the user experience.
  • inventions of the present application provide a volume adjustment method applied to electronic equipment.
  • the electronic equipment includes a sound-generating device and at least one microphone.
  • the method includes:
  • the electronic device responds to the user operation of starting the hearing test and plays the preset audio through multiple volumes respectively; the multiple volumes include the first volume;
  • the electronic device determines that the user's hearing level is the first hearing level corresponding to the first volume based on the determination operation for the first volume;
  • the electronic device plays the downlink signal through the sound-generating device, it collects the downlink signal and the environmental noise signal through at least one microphone;
  • the electronic device adjusts the playback volume of the sound-generating device from the first sound level to the second sound level based on the first hearing level.
  • the electronic device can determine the user's hearing level based on the user's determination operation in the hearing test; further, based on the user's hearing level, when at least one of the collected downlink signal and the collected environmental noise signal changes, Adjust the playback volume of the sound-generating device. It can be seen that the playback volume is a volume determined by comprehensively considering the environmental noise signal, the downlink signal and the user's hearing level. It can meet the individual needs of the user, reduce the impact of environmental noise, and improve the user experience.
  • the greater the first volume the higher the level of the second sound level.
  • the greater the first volume selected by the user in the hearing level test the higher the sound level of the downlink signal played by the electronic device when the user actually uses the electronic device. This method can meet the listening needs of different users.
  • the first volume is the user's comfortable volume in the current environment or the lowest volume that can be heard clearly.
  • the user can select the first volume based on the user's personal needs during the hearing level test. For example, if the user wants the volume of the downlink signal played by the electronic device to be a volume that is comfortable for the user, the user can determine the volume that the user feels comfortable in the current environment as the first volume; for another example, the user wants the volume of the downlink signal played by the electronic device to be The user can determine the lowest volume that the user can hear clearly in the current environment as the first volume. This method can meet users' different needs for volume.
  • the greater the energy of the changed environmental noise signal the higher the level of the second sound level.
  • the electronic device can automatically adjust the sound level of the sound-emitting device when the energy of the environmental noise signal changes. For example, if the energy of the environmental noise signal becomes larger, that is, the noise is enhanced, the electronic device can adjust the sound level of the sound-generating device to a higher level to prevent the user from hearing the downlink signal due to the environmental noise signal.
  • the electronic device adjusts the playback volume of the sound-generating device from the first sound level to the second sound level, including:
  • the electronic device adjusts the playback volume of the sound-generating device to the second sound level. Two sound levels.
  • the electronic device adjusts the playback volume of the sound-generating device from the first sound level to the second sound level, including:
  • the electronic device adjusts the playback volume of the sound-generating device to the third sound level; the third sound level is higher than the first sound level and lower than the second sound level. grade.
  • the electronic device can gradually adjust the first sound level to the second sound level when the first sound level and the second sound level differ by a second preset level number. Assuming that the first sound level is lower than the second sound level, the electronic device can first adjust the playback volume of the sound-generating device to the third sound level; the third sound level is higher than the first sound level and lower than the second sound level; and then the The playback volume of the sound-generating device is adjusted from the third sound level to the second sound level.
  • the third sound level is only used as one intermediate adjustment as an example.
  • the sound-generating device may also undergo multiple intermediate adjustments when adjusting from the first sound level to the second sound level. The situation where the first sound level is higher than the second sound level is similar to the above adjustment, and the first sound level can be gradually lowered to the second sound level. This method can avoid sudden volume adjustments causing discomfort to the user's hearing experience.
  • the method also includes
  • the electronic device plays the downlink signal corresponding to the first application through the sound-generating device at the second volume under the first environmental condition;
  • the electronic device plays the downlink signal corresponding to the second application through the sound-generating device at a third volume under the first environmental condition;
  • the second volume is not equal to the third volume.
  • the electronic device can have different volume adjustments for different applications. This method can meet the user's hearing needs for different applications.
  • the first application is a call application
  • the second application is a music application
  • the second volume is greater than the third volume
  • the volume of the downlink signal of the call application is adjusted to a larger value. Therefore, in the same environment, the electronic device plays the call application The volume is greater than the playback volume of music applications.
  • the method also includes:
  • the electronic device determines the preset model corresponding to the first hearing level as the target model; the target model is obtained through user data training of users who meet the first hearing level; the user data includes users with the first hearing level under the second environmental condition.
  • the electronic device inputs the energy difference between the changed downlink signal and the changed environmental noise signal into the target model to obtain the second sound level.
  • the changed downlink signal includes N first sub-band signals, and the changed environmental noise signal includes N second sub-band signals, N is a positive integer; N The first subband signal has a one-to-one correspondence with N second subband signals; the first subband signal and the second subband signal corresponding to each other form a set of signals;
  • the energy difference between the changed downlink signal and the changed environmental noise signal includes the energy difference between N groups of signals.
  • the energy difference between the changed downlink signal and the changed environmental noise signal is used as the input data of the target model.
  • the energy difference may include the sub-frequency band signal of the above-mentioned noise signal and the sub-frequency band of the above-mentioned downlink signal.
  • the energy difference of the signal If the decibel value of the signal in any frequency band of the sub-band signal in the downlink signal is greater than the masking threshold in the masking effect, then the downlink signal can be heard by the user. This method is based on the masking effect, which can ensure that the adjusted volume meets the hearing needs of the human ear during the adjustment process and avoids interference from masking sounds.
  • the user data also includes the playback volume of the sound-emitting device at several moments before the target sound level; the electronic device inputs the energy difference between the changed downlink signal and the changed environmental noise signal.
  • the target model to obtain the second sound level includes:
  • the electronic device inputs the energy difference between the changed downlink signal and the changed ambient noise signal and the playback volume of the sound-generating device at several previous moments into the target model to obtain the second sound level.
  • the method further includes:
  • the electronic device responds to the user's operation of adjusting the volume key and adjusts the playback volume of the sound-generating device to the target sound level;
  • the electronic device stores the energy difference between the changed downlink signal and the changed ambient noise signal and the target sound level
  • the electronic device uses the energy difference between the changed downlink signal and the changed environmental noise signal and the target sound level as sample data to train the target model.
  • the electronic device can collect the target sound level adjusted when the user manually adjusts the volume key and the above-mentioned volume difference as sample data to train the target model.
  • This method can make electronic devices more and more in line with user habits and improve user experience.
  • At least one microphone includes a first microphone and a second microphone, the distance between the first microphone and the sound-generating device is smaller than the distance between the second microphone and the sound-generating device, and the first microphone is used for collecting For downlink signals, the second microphone is used to collect environmental noise signals.
  • embodiments of the present application provide another volume adjustment method, applied to electronic equipment.
  • the electronic equipment includes a sound-generating device and at least one microphone.
  • the method includes:
  • the electronic device plays the downlink signal through the sound-generating device, it collects the downlink signal and the environmental noise signal through at least one microphone;
  • the electronic device adjusts the playback volume of the sound-generating device from the first sound level to the second sound level based on the first hearing level, and the first hearing level is the electronic device The listening level corresponding to the user.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a volume adjustment device, which includes a processing module, a sound-generating device, and at least one microphone:
  • a sound-generating device for playing preset audio through multiple volumes respectively; the multiple volumes include a first volume;
  • a processing module configured to determine the user's hearing level to be the first hearing level corresponding to the first volume based on the determination operation for the first volume;
  • At least one microphone is used to collect the downlink signal and the environmental noise signal when the sound-generating device plays the downlink signal
  • the sound-generating device is configured to adjust the playback volume from the first sound level to the second sound level based on the first hearing level when at least one of the collected downlink signal and the collected environmental noise signal changes.
  • the first volume is the lowest volume or the comfortable volume that the user can hear clearly in the current environment.
  • the greater the energy of the changed environmental noise signal the higher the level of the second sound level.
  • the sound-generating device is specifically configured to play a downlink signal through the second sound level when the first sound level and the second sound level differ by a first preset level number.
  • the sound-generating device is specifically configured to play the downlink signal through the third sound level when the first sound level and the second sound level differ by a second preset level number; third The sound level is higher than the first sound level and lower than the second sound level.
  • the sound-generating device is used to play the downlink signal corresponding to the first application according to the second volume under the first environmental condition;
  • the sound-generating device is used to play the downlink signal corresponding to the second application at a third volume under the first environmental condition; the second volume is not equal to the third volume.
  • the first application is a call application
  • the second application is a music application
  • the second volume is greater than the third volume
  • the processing module is used for:
  • the preset model corresponding to the first hearing level is determined as the target model; the target model is obtained through user data training of users who meet the first hearing level; the user data includes the goals of users with the first hearing level under the second environmental conditions. Sound level, and the energy difference between the downlink signal and the ambient noise signal collected under the second environmental condition;
  • the energy difference between the changed downlink signal and the changed environmental noise signal is input into the target model to obtain the second sound level.
  • the changed downlink signal includes N first sub-band signals, and the changed environmental noise signal includes N second sub-band signals, N is a positive integer; N The first subband signal has a one-to-one correspondence with N second subband signals; the first subband signal and the second subband signal corresponding to each other form a set of signals;
  • the energy difference between the changed downlink signal and the changed environmental noise signal includes the energy difference between N groups of signals.
  • the user data also includes the playback volume of the sound-emitting device at several moments before the target sound level
  • the processing module is used to input the energy difference between the changed downlink signal and the changed environmental noise signal and the playback volume of the sound-generating device at several previous moments into the target model to obtain the second sound level.
  • the sound-generating device is used to adjust the playback volume of the sound-generating device to the target sound level in response to the user's operation of adjusting the volume key;
  • the processing module is used to store the energy difference and target sound level between the changed downlink signal and the changed environmental noise signal
  • the processing module is used to train the target model using the energy difference between the changed downlink signal and the changed environmental noise signal and the target sound level as sample data.
  • At least one microphone includes a first microphone and a second microphone, the distance between the first microphone and the sound-generating device is smaller than the distance between the second microphone and the sound-generating device, and the first microphone is used for collecting For downlink signals, the second microphone is used to collect environmental noise signals.
  • embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, including one or more functional modules.
  • the one or more functional modules can be used to perform any of the above aspects or any possible implementation of any aspect.
  • the present application provides a computer storage medium, including computer instructions.
  • the communication device causes the communication device to perform any of the above aspects or any possible implementation of any aspect. Volume adjustment method.
  • the present application provides a computer program product.
  • the computer program product When the computer program product is run on a computer, it causes the computer to execute the volume adjustment method in any of the above aspects or any possible implementation of any aspect.
  • the present application provides a chip, including: a processor and an interface.
  • the processor and the interface cooperate with each other so that the chip executes any of the above aspects or any possible implementation of any aspect. volume adjustment method.
  • the electronic device provided by the fourth aspect the computer-readable storage medium provided by the fifth aspect, the computer program product provided by the sixth aspect, and the chip provided by the seventh aspect are all used to execute the tasks provided by the embodiments of the present application. method. Therefore, the beneficial effects it can achieve can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be described again here.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of windowing a speech signal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a masking effect provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a hardware form of a mobile phone provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a hardware form of glasses provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a software structure block diagram of an electronic device 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is an overall flow diagram of a volume adjustment method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a diagram showing the correspondence between a preset model and hearing levels provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the training process of a preset model provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a training process provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the overall flow of a volume adjustment method provided by this application.
  • Figures 12A to 12F are some interface diagrams illustrating exemplary embodiments of the present application when a user performs a hearing test on an electronic device;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of framing and windowing the signals collected by the bottom microphone provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of framing and windowing the signals collected by the top microphone provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a molecular band processing provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between sound level and playback volume provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the output sound level changing with the environment provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 18 is a comparison chart of the playback volume of different electronic devices during calls in the same environment provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of a volume adjustment process during a user call provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 20 is a comparison chart of the sound levels adjusted when an electronic device is used in different applications according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 21 is a partial application interface of the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present application for making a call under the first environmental condition before self-learning;
  • Figure 22 is a partial application interface of the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present application for making calls under the first environmental condition after self-learning.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and shall not be understood as implying or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified, “plurality” The meaning is two or more.
  • GUI graphical user interface
  • speech has time-varying properties, that is, the speech signal characteristics change with time and is a non-stationary random process.
  • the speech signal has time-varying properties, its characteristics can be regarded as stable in a short period of time. Therefore, the speech signal can be divided into shorter frames, and each frame can be regarded as a steady-state signal.
  • the frame length can generally be 25 milliseconds.
  • the frame shift can be half the frame length, or fixed to 10 milliseconds.
  • the speech signal needs to be windowed to reduce spectrum leakage.
  • the windowing operation is to multiply the speech signal with a window function.
  • window functions include rectangular window, Hamming window and Hanning window. Different window functions can be selected according to different situations.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating windowing of a frame of speech signal.
  • the horizontal axis of the coordinates in Figure 1 is time and the vertical axis is amplitude;
  • (a) in Figure 1 is the waveform diagram of the speech signal before adding the window;
  • (b) in Figure 1 is the window function Waveform diagram;
  • (c) in Figure 1 is the waveform diagram of the windowed speech signal.
  • the phenomenon in which the auditory perception of a weaker sound (the masked sound) is affected by another stronger sound (the masking sound) is called the "masking effect" of the human ear.
  • the masking effect is another important physiological characteristic of the human ear. If there are two sound signals in a narrow frequency band, when one is stronger than the other, the hearing threshold of the human ear will increase, and the human ear can hear the high-volume sound signal, while the low-volume sound at nearby frequencies The signal cannot be heard, it seems that the low volume signal is masked by the high volume signal.
  • the hearing threshold of the human ear i.e., the hearing threshold
  • the hearing threshold is the lowest sound pressure level at which sound can be perceived by the human ear.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a masking effect provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the horizontal axis of this coordinate system is frequency in Hertz (Hz), and the vertical axis is sound pressure level in decibels (dB).
  • the solid line represents the audible threshold
  • the diagonal rectangle represents the audible threshold.
  • the dotted line represents the masking threshold
  • the blank rectangle represents the masked sound.
  • the sound pressure level of the sound is greater than the audible threshold and can be heard by the human ear.
  • the sound pressure level of the masked sound is greater than the audible threshold.
  • the sound pressure level of the sound is greater than the audible threshold.
  • the human ear can hear the masked sound; and when the masking sound appears, the sound pressure level of the sound near the masking sound must be greater than the masking threshold before it can be heard by the human ear.
  • the sound pressure level of the masked sound is smaller than the masking sound. Threshold, so when the masking sound appears, the masked sound that the human ear originally heard becomes inaudible.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device 100.
  • electronic device 100 may have more or fewer components than shown in the figures, may combine two or more components, or may have a different component configuration.
  • the various components shown in the figures may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software including one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits.
  • the electronic device 100 may include: a processor 110, an external memory interface 120, an internal memory 121, a universal serial bus (USB) interface 130, a charging management module 140, a power management module 141, a battery 142, an antenna 1, an antenna 2.
  • Mobile communication module 150 wireless communication module 160, audio module 170, speaker 170A, receiver 170B, microphone 170C, headphone interface 170D, sensor module 180, button 190, motor 191, indicator 192, camera 193, display screen 194 and Subscriber identification module (SIM) card interface 195, etc.
  • SIM Subscriber identification module
  • the sensor module 180 may include a pressure sensor 180A, a gyro sensor 180B, an air pressure sensor 180C, a magnetic sensor 180D, an acceleration sensor 180E, a distance sensor 180F, a proximity light sensor 180G, a fingerprint sensor 180H, a temperature sensor 180J, a touch sensor 180K, and ambient light. Sensor 180L, bone conduction sensor 180M, etc.
  • the structure illustrated in the embodiment of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device 100 .
  • the electronic device 100 may include more or fewer components than shown in the figures, or some components may be combined, some components may be separated, or some components may be arranged differently.
  • the components illustrated may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the processor 110 may include one or more processing units.
  • the processor 110 may include an application processor (application processor, AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), and an image signal processor. (image signal processor, ISP), controller, memory, video codec, digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), baseband processor, and/or neural-network processing unit (NPU) wait.
  • application processor application processor, AP
  • modem processor graphics processing unit
  • GPU graphics processing unit
  • image signal processor image signal processor
  • ISP image signal processor
  • controller memory
  • video codec digital signal processor
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • baseband processor baseband processor
  • NPU neural-network processing unit
  • different processing units can be independent devices or integrated in one or more processors.
  • the controller may be the nerve center and command center of the electronic device 100 .
  • the controller can generate operation control signals based on the instruction operation code and timing signals to complete the control of fetching and executing instructions.
  • the processor 110 may also be provided with a memory for storing instructions and data.
  • the memory in processor 110 is cache memory. This memory may hold instructions or data that have been recently used or recycled by processor 110 . If the processor 110 needs to use the instructions or data again, it can be called directly from the memory. Repeated access is avoided and the waiting time of the processor 110 is reduced, thus improving the efficiency of the system.
  • processor 110 may include one or more interfaces.
  • Interfaces may include integrated circuit (inter-integrated circuit, I2C) interface, integrated circuit built-in audio (inter-integrated circuit sound, I2S) interface, pulse code modulation (pulse code modulation, PCM) interface, universal asynchronous receiver and transmitter (universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) interface, mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), general-purpose input/output (GPIO) interface, subscriber identity module (SIM) interface, and /or universal serial bus (USB) interface, etc.
  • I2C integrated circuit
  • I2S integrated circuit built-in audio
  • PCM pulse code modulation
  • UART universal asynchronous receiver and transmitter
  • MIPI mobile industry processor interface
  • GPIO general-purpose input/output
  • SIM subscriber identity module
  • USB universal serial bus
  • the I2C interface is a bidirectional synchronous serial bus, including a serial data line (SDA) and a serial clock line (derail clock line, SCL).
  • processor 110 may include multiple sets of I2C buses.
  • the processor 110 can separately couple the touch sensor 180K, charger, flash, camera 193, etc. through different I2C bus interfaces.
  • the processor 110 can be coupled to the touch sensor 180K through an I2C interface, so that the processor 110 and the touch sensor 180K communicate through the I2C bus interface to implement the touch function of the electronic device 100 .
  • the I2S interface can be used for audio communication.
  • processor 110 may include multiple sets of I2S buses.
  • the processor 110 can be coupled with the audio module 170 through the I2S bus to implement communication between the processor 110 and the audio module 170 .
  • the audio module 170 can transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 through the I2S interface to implement the function of answering calls through a Bluetooth headset.
  • the PCM interface can also be used for audio communications to sample, quantize and encode analog signals.
  • the audio module 170 and the wireless communication module 160 may be coupled through a PCM bus interface.
  • the audio module 170 can also transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 through the PCM interface to implement the function of answering calls through a Bluetooth headset. Both the I2S interface and the PCM interface can be used for audio communication.
  • the UART interface is a universal serial data bus used for asynchronous communication.
  • the bus can be a bidirectional communication bus. It converts the data to be transmitted between serial communication and parallel communication.
  • a UART interface is generally used to connect the processor 110 and the wireless communication module 160 .
  • the processor 110 communicates with the Bluetooth module in the wireless communication module 160 through the UART interface to implement the Bluetooth function.
  • the audio module 170 can transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 through the UART interface to implement the function of playing music through a Bluetooth headset.
  • the MIPI interface can be used to connect the processor 110 with peripheral devices such as the display screen 194 and the camera 193 .
  • MIPI interfaces include camera serial interface (CSI), display serial interface (DSI), etc.
  • the processor 110 and the camera 193 communicate through the CSI interface to implement the shooting function of the electronic device 100 .
  • the processor 110 and the display screen 194 communicate through the DSI interface to implement the display function of the electronic device 100 .
  • the GPIO interface can be configured through software.
  • the GPIO interface can be configured as a control signal or as a data signal.
  • the GPIO interface can be used to connect the processor 110 with the camera 193, display screen 194, wireless communication module 160, audio module 170, sensor module 180, etc.
  • the GPIO interface can also be configured as an I2C interface, I2S interface, UART interface, MIPI interface, etc.
  • the SIM card interface can be used to communicate with the SIM card interface 195 to implement the function of transmitting data to the SIM card or reading data in the SIM card.
  • the USB interface 130 is an interface that complies with the USB standard specification, and may be a Mini USB interface, a Micro USB interface, a USB Type C interface, etc.
  • the USB interface 130 can be used to connect a charger to charge the electronic device 100, and can also be used to transmit data between the electronic device 100 and peripheral devices. It can also be used to connect headphones to play audio through them. This interface can also be used to connect other electronic devices, such as AR devices, etc.
  • the interface connection relationships between the modules illustrated in the embodiments of the present application are only schematic illustrations and do not constitute a structural limitation of the electronic device 100 .
  • the electronic device 100 may also adopt different interface connection methods in the above embodiments, or a combination of multiple interface connection methods.
  • the charging management module 140 is used to receive charging input from the charger.
  • the charger can be a wireless charger or a wired charger.
  • the power management module 141 is used to connect the battery 142, the charging management module 140 and the processor 110.
  • the power management module 141 receives input from the battery 142 and/or the charging management module 140, and supplies power to the processor 110, internal memory 121, external memory, display screen 194, camera 193, wireless communication module 160, etc.
  • the wireless communication function of the electronic device 100 can be implemented through the antenna 1, the antenna 2, the mobile communication module 150, the wireless communication module 160, the modem processor and the baseband processor.
  • Antenna 1 and Antenna 2 are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals.
  • Each antenna in electronic device 100 may be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be reused to improve antenna utilization. For example: Antenna 1 can be reused as a diversity antenna for a wireless LAN. In other embodiments, antennas may be used in conjunction with tuning switches.
  • the mobile communication module 150 can provide solutions for wireless communication including 2G/3G/4G/5G applied on the electronic device 100 .
  • the mobile communication module 150 may include at least one filter, switch, power amplifier, low noise amplifier (LNA), etc.
  • the mobile communication module 150 can receive electromagnetic waves through the antenna 1, perform filtering, amplification and other processing on the received electromagnetic waves, and transmit them to the modem processor for demodulation.
  • the mobile communication module 150 can also amplify the signal modulated by the modem processor and convert it into electromagnetic waves through the antenna 1 for radiation.
  • at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 may be disposed in the processor 110 .
  • at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 and at least part of the modules of the processor 110 may be provided in the same device.
  • a modem processor may include a modulator and a demodulator.
  • the modulator is used to modulate the low-frequency baseband signal to be sent into a medium-high frequency signal.
  • the demodulator is used to demodulate the received electromagnetic wave signal into a low-frequency baseband signal.
  • the demodulator then transmits the demodulated low-frequency baseband signal to the baseband processor for processing.
  • the application processor outputs sound signals through audio devices (not limited to speaker 170A, receiver 170B, etc.), or displays images or videos through display screen 194.
  • the modem processor may be a stand-alone device.
  • the modem processor may be independent of the processor 110 and may be provided in the same device as the mobile communication module 150 or other functional modules.
  • the wireless communication module 160 can provide applications on the electronic device 100 including wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) network), Bluetooth (bluetooth, BT), and global navigation satellites.
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • System global navigation satellite system, GNSS
  • frequency modulation frequency modulation, FM
  • near field communication technology near field communication, NFC
  • infrared technology infrared, IR
  • the wireless communication module 160 may be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module.
  • the wireless communication module 160 receives electromagnetic waves via the antenna 2 , frequency modulates and filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signals to the processor 110 .
  • the wireless communication module 160 can also receive the signal to be sent from the processor 110, frequency modulate it, amplify it, and convert it into electromagnetic waves through the antenna 2 for radiation.
  • the antenna 1 of the electronic device 100 is coupled to the mobile communication module 150, and the antenna 2 is coupled to the wireless communication module 160, This allows the electronic device 100 to communicate with the network and other devices through wireless communication technology.
  • the wireless communication technology may include global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), code division multiple access (CDMA), broadband Code division multiple access (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA), time-division code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE), BT, GNSS, WLAN, NFC , FM, and/or IR technology, etc.
  • the GNSS may include global positioning system (GPS), global navigation satellite system (GLONASS), Beidou navigation satellite system (BDS), quasi-zenith satellite system (quasi -zenith satellite system (QZSS) and/or satellite based augmentation systems (SBAS).
  • GPS global positioning system
  • GLONASS global navigation satellite system
  • BDS Beidou navigation satellite system
  • QZSS quasi-zenith satellite system
  • SBAS satellite based augmentation systems
  • the electronic device 100 implements display functions through a GPU, a display screen 194, an application processor, and the like.
  • the GPU is an image processing microprocessor and is connected to the display screen 194 and the application processor. GPUs are used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering.
  • Processor 110 may include one or more GPUs that execute program instructions to generate or alter display information.
  • the display screen 194 is used to display images, videos, etc.
  • Display 194 includes a display panel.
  • the display panel can use a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an active matrix organic light emitting diode or an active matrix organic light emitting diode (active-matrix organic light emitting diode).
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • OLED organic light-emitting diode
  • AMOLED organic light-emitting diode
  • FLED flexible light-emitting diode
  • Miniled MicroLed, Micro-oLed, quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED), etc.
  • the electronic device 100 may include 1 or N display screens 194, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the electronic device 100 can implement the shooting function through an ISP, a camera 193, a video codec, a GPU, a display screen 194, an application processor, and the like.
  • the ISP is used to process the data fed back by the camera 193. For example, when taking a photo, the shutter is opened, the light is transmitted to the camera sensor through the lens, the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal, and the camera sensor passes the electrical signal to the ISP for processing, and converts it into an image visible to the naked eye. ISP can also perform algorithm optimization on image noise, brightness, and skin color. ISP can also optimize the exposure, color temperature and other parameters of the shooting scene. In some embodiments, the ISP may be provided in the camera 193.
  • Camera 193 is used to capture still images or video.
  • the object passes through the lens to produce an optical image that is projected onto the photosensitive element.
  • the photosensitive element can be a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistor.
  • CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
  • the photosensitive element converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and then passes the electrical signal to the ISP to convert it into a digital image signal.
  • ISP outputs digital image signals to DSP for processing.
  • DSP converts digital image signals into standard RGB, YUV and other format image signals.
  • the electronic device 100 may include 1 or N cameras 193, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • Digital signal processors are used to process digital signals. In addition to digital image signals, they can also process other digital signals. For example, when the electronic device 100 selects a frequency point, the digital signal processor is used to perform Fourier transform on the frequency point energy.
  • Video codecs are used to compress or decompress digital video.
  • Electronic device 100 may support one or more video codecs. In this way, the electronic device 100 can play or record videos in multiple encoding formats, such as moving picture experts group (MPEG) 1, MPEG2, MPEG3, MPEG4, etc.
  • MPEG moving picture experts group
  • MPEG2 MPEG2, MPEG3, MPEG4, etc.
  • NPU is a neural network (NN) computing processor.
  • NN neural network
  • Intelligent cognitive applications of the electronic device 100 can be implemented through the NPU, such as image recognition, face recognition, speech recognition, text understanding, etc.
  • the external memory interface 120 can be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to expand the storage capacity of the electronic device 100.
  • the external memory card communicates with the processor 110 through the external memory interface 120 to implement the data storage function. Such as saving music, videos, etc. files in external memory card.
  • Internal memory 121 may be used to store computer executable program code, which includes instructions.
  • the processor 110 executes instructions stored in the internal memory 121 to execute various functional applications and data processing of the electronic device 100 .
  • the internal memory 121 may include a program storage area and a data storage area.
  • the stored program area can store the operating system, at least one application required for the function (such as face recognition function, fingerprint recognition function, mobile payment function, etc.).
  • the storage data area can store data created during the use of the electronic device 100 (such as face information template data, fingerprint information templates, etc.).
  • the internal memory 121 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, universal flash storage (UFS), etc.
  • the electronic device 100 can implement audio functions through the audio module 170, the speaker 170A, the receiver 170B, the microphone 170C, the headphone interface 170D, and the application processor. Such as music playback, recording, etc.
  • the audio module 170 is used to convert digital audio information into analog audio signal output, and is also used to convert analog audio input into digital audio signals. Audio module 170 may also be used to encode and decode audio signals. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 may be provided in the processor 110 , or some functional modules of the audio module 170 may be provided in the processor 110 .
  • the electronic device can play the sound signal through the sound-generating device.
  • the sound-generating device may be a speaker 170A described below, a receiver 170B described below, or an external device connected to an electronic device, such as headphones and glasses, which are not limited here.
  • Speaker 170A also called “speaker” is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals.
  • the electronic device 100 can listen to music through the speaker 170A, or listen to hands-free calls.
  • Receiver 170B also called “earpiece” is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals.
  • the electronic device 100 answers a call or a voice message, the voice can be heard by bringing the receiver 170B close to the human ear.
  • Microphone 170C also called “microphone” or “microphone” is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals. When making a call or sending a voice message, the user can speak close to the microphone 170C with the human mouth and input the sound signal to the microphone 170C.
  • the electronic device 100 may be provided with at least one microphone 170C. In other embodiments, the electronic device 100 may be provided with two microphones 170C, which in addition to collecting sound signals, may also implement a noise reduction function. In other embodiments, the electronic device 100 can also be provided with three, four or more microphones 170C to collect sound signals, reduce noise, identify sound sources, and implement directional recording functions, etc.
  • the headphone interface 170D is used to connect wired headphones.
  • the headphone interface 170D may be a USB interface 130, or may be a 3.5mm open mobile terminal platform (OMTP) standard interface, or a Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association of the USA (CTIA) standard interface.
  • OMTP open mobile terminal platform
  • CTIA Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association of the USA
  • the pressure sensor 180A is used to sense pressure signals and can convert the pressure signals into electrical signals.
  • pressure sensor 180A may be disposed on display screen 194 .
  • pressure sensors 180A there are many types of pressure sensors 180A, such as resistive pressure sensors, inductive pressure sensors, capacitive pressure sensors, etc.
  • a capacitive pressure sensor may include at least two parallel plates of conductive material.
  • the electronic device 100 determines the intensity of the pressure based on the change in capacitance.
  • the electronic device 100 detects the intensity of the touch operation according to the pressure sensor 180A.
  • the electronic device 100 may also calculate the touched position based on the detection signal of the pressure sensor 180A.
  • touch operations acting on the same touch location but with different touch operation intensities may correspond to different operation instructions. For example: when a touch operation with a touch operation intensity less than the first pressure threshold is applied to the short message application icon, an instruction to view the short message is executed. When a touch operation with a touch operation intensity greater than or equal to the first pressure threshold is applied to the short message application icon, an instruction to create a new short message is executed.
  • the gyro sensor 180B may be used to determine the motion posture of the electronic device 100 .
  • the angular velocity of electronic device 100 about three axes ie, x, y, and z axes
  • the gyro sensor 180B can be used for image stabilization. For example, when the shutter is pressed, the gyro sensor 180B detects the angle at which the electronic device 100 shakes, calculates the distance that the lens module needs to compensate based on the angle, and allows the lens to offset the shake of the electronic device 100 through reverse movement to achieve anti-shake.
  • the gyro sensor 180B can also be used for navigation and somatosensory game scenes.
  • Air pressure sensor 180C is used to measure air pressure. In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 calculates the altitude through the air pressure value measured by the air pressure sensor 180C to assist positioning and navigation.
  • Magnetic sensor 180D includes a Hall sensor.
  • the electronic device 100 may utilize the magnetic sensor 180D to detect opening and closing of the flip holster.
  • the electronic device 100 may detect the opening and closing of the flip according to the magnetic sensor 180D. Then, based on the detected opening and closing status of the leather case or the opening and closing status of the flip cover, features such as automatic unlocking of the flip cover are set.
  • the acceleration sensor 180E can detect the acceleration of the electronic device 100 in various directions (generally three axes). When the electronic device 100 is stationary, the magnitude and direction of gravity can be detected. It can also be used to identify the posture of electronic devices and be used in horizontal and vertical screen switching, pedometer and other applications.
  • Distance sensor 180F for measuring distance.
  • Electronic device 100 can measure distance via infrared or laser. In some embodiments, when shooting a scene, the electronic device 100 may utilize the distance sensor 180F to measure distance to achieve fast focusing.
  • Proximity light sensor 180G may include, for example, a light emitting diode (LED) and a light detector, such as a photodiode.
  • the light emitting diode may be an infrared light emitting diode.
  • the electronic device 100 emits infrared light outwardly through the light emitting diode.
  • Electronic device 100 uses photodiodes to detect infrared reflected light from nearby objects. When sufficient reflected light is detected, it can be determined that there is an object near the electronic device 100 . When insufficient reflected light is detected, the electronic device 100 may determine that there is no object near the electronic device 100 .
  • the electronic device 100 can use the proximity light sensor 180G to detect when the user holds the electronic device 100 close to the ear for talking, so as to automatically turn off the screen to save power.
  • proximity light sensor 180G can also be used in leather case mode, and pocket mode automatically unlocks and locks the screen.
  • the ambient light sensor 180L is used to sense ambient light brightness.
  • the electronic device 100 can adaptively adjust the brightness of the display screen 194 according to the perceived ambient light brightness.
  • the ambient light sensor 180L can also be used to automatically adjust the white balance when taking pictures.
  • the ambient light sensor 180L can also cooperate with the proximity light sensor 180G to detect whether the electronic device 100 is in the pocket to prevent accidental touching.
  • Fingerprint sensor 180H is used to collect fingerprints.
  • the electronic device 100 can use the collected fingerprint characteristics to achieve fingerprint unlocking, access to application locks, fingerprint photography, fingerprint answering of incoming calls, etc.
  • Temperature sensor 180J is used to detect temperature.
  • the electronic device 100 utilizes the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 180J to execute the temperature processing strategy. For example, when the temperature reported by the temperature sensor 180J exceeds a threshold, the electronic device 100 reduces the performance of a processor located near the temperature sensor 180J in order to reduce power consumption and implement thermal protection. In other embodiments, when the temperature is lower than another threshold, the electronic device 100 heats the battery 142 to prevent the low temperature from causing the electronic device 100 to shut down abnormally. In some other embodiments, when the temperature is lower than another threshold, the electronic device 100 performs boosting on the output voltage of the battery 142 to avoid abnormal shutdown caused by low temperature.
  • Touch sensor 180K also called “touch panel”.
  • the touch sensor 180K can be disposed on the display screen 194.
  • the touch sensor 180K and the display screen 194 form a touch screen, which is also called a "touch screen”.
  • the touch sensor 180K is used to detect a touch operation on or near the touch sensor 180K.
  • the touch sensor can pass the detected touch operation to the application processor to determine the touch event type.
  • Visual output related to the touch operation may be provided through display screen 194 .
  • the touch sensor 180K may also be disposed on the surface of the electronic device 100 at a location different from that of the display screen 194 .
  • the buttons 190 include a power button, a volume button, etc.
  • Key 190 may be a mechanical key. It can also be a touch button.
  • the electronic device 100 may receive key inputs and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the electronic device 100 .
  • the motor 191 can generate vibration prompts.
  • the motor 191 can be used for vibration prompts for incoming calls and can also be used for touch vibration feedback.
  • touch operations for different applications can correspond to different vibration feedback effects.
  • the motor 191 can also respond to different vibration feedback effects for touch operations in different areas of the display screen 194 .
  • Different application scenarios such as time reminders, receiving information, alarm clocks, games, etc.
  • the touch vibration feedback effect can also be customized.
  • the indicator 192 may be an indicator light, which may be used to indicate charging status, power changes, or may be used to synthesize requests, missed calls, notifications, etc.
  • the SIM card interface 195 is used to connect a SIM card.
  • the SIM card can be connected to or separated from the electronic device 100 by inserting it into the SIM card interface 195 or pulling it out from the SIM card interface 195 .
  • the electronic device 100 can support 1 or N SIM card interfaces, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • SIM card interface 195 can support Nano SIM card, Micro SIM card, SIM card, etc. Multiple cards can be inserted into the same SIM card interface 195 at the same time. The types of the plurality of cards may be the same or different.
  • the SIM card interface 195 is also compatible with different types of SIM cards.
  • the SIM card interface 195 is also compatible with external memory cards.
  • the electronic device 100 interacts with the network through the SIM card to implement functions such as calls and data communications.
  • the electronic device 100 can execute the volume adjustment method provided by the embodiment of the present application through the processor 110 .
  • the above-mentioned electronic device 100 may include two microphones, where one microphone is used to acquire noise signals; the other microphone is used to acquire downlink signals.
  • the electronic device 100 may be the mobile phone shown in FIG. 4 or the glasses shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the downlink signal is the audio played by the electronic device through the sound-generating device; for example, during a call, the downlink signal is the voice of the other party played by the electronic device through the earpiece; and for example, when listening to a song, the downlink signal is the song played by the electronic device.
  • FIG 4 illustrates a hardware form of a mobile phone.
  • Mobile phones can play downlink signals through multiple playback modes, such as earpieces and headphones. Different playback modes can correspond to different preset models or volume adjustment methods.
  • the following uses the earpiece as an example to introduce the process of collecting downlink signals and noise signals by a mobile phone.
  • one microphone of the mobile phone is located on one side of the earpiece; the other microphone of the mobile phone is located on the opposite side of the earpiece.
  • the microphone located on one side of the earpiece is called a top microphone (referred to as top microphone); the microphone located on the opposite side of the earpiece is called a bottom microphone (referred to as bottom microphone).
  • top microphone the microphone located on one side of the earpiece
  • bottom microphone the microphone located on the opposite side of the earpiece.
  • the signal collected by the top microphone can be used as the downlink signal
  • the signal collected by the bottom microphone can be used as the noise signal.
  • the mobile phone can determine the downlink signal from the signal collected by the top microphone. For example, the mobile phone identifies the noise signal from the signal collected by the top microphone and removes the noise signal to obtain the downlink signal; and For example, the mobile phone compares the signal collected by the top microphone with the signal collected by the bottom microphone, and uses the difference between the signal collected by the top microphone and the signal collected by the bottom microphone as the downlink signal.
  • the mobile phone may also include a volume key, where the side marked (+) is the volume increase key of the volume key;
  • the (-) side is the volume down key of the volume key.
  • the volume keys are used to adjust the sound level of the earpiece or speaker.
  • the mobile phone includes 10 sound levels. The higher the level, the louder the playback volume; the user can press the volume increase key to determine a higher sound level, making the playback volume louder.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a hardware form of glasses.
  • the two temples of the glasses can be respectively provided with two microphones and earpieces.
  • the second microphone is located close to the earpiece, the second microphone is used to obtain downlink signals, and the first microphone is used to obtain noise signals.
  • the signal collected by the second microphone can be used as the downlink signal
  • the signal collected by the first microphone can be used as the noise signal.
  • the downlink signal can be determined from the signal collected by the second microphone, for example, the noise signal is identified and removed from the signal collected by the second microphone to obtain the downlink signal; for another example, the second The signal collected by the microphone is compared with the signal collected by the bottom microphone, and the difference between the signal collected by the second microphone and the signal collected by the bottom microphone is used as the downlink signal.
  • FIG. 6 is a software structure block diagram of an electronic device 100 disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the layered architecture divides the software into several layers, and each layer has clear roles and division of labor.
  • the layers communicate through software interfaces.
  • the system is divided into four layers, from top to bottom: application layer, application framework layer, runtime and system library, and kernel layer.
  • the application layer can include a series of application packages.
  • the application layer also includes a call anti-leakage module.
  • the application package can include camera, gallery, calendar, call, map, navigation, WLAN, Bluetooth, music, video, short message and other applications (also called an application).
  • the call anti-leakage module is used to adjust the playback volume of the downlink signal during the call.
  • the call sound leakage prevention module can specifically include a hearing level test model, an audio calculation module and a self-learning module as shown in Figure 7. The specific contents of the hearing level test model, audio calculation module and self-learning module can be found below. The relevant content will not be described here.
  • the application framework layer provides an application programming interface (API) and programming framework for applications in the application layer.
  • API application programming interface
  • the application framework layer includes some predefined functions.
  • the application framework layer can include window manager, content provider, view system, phone manager, resource manager, notification manager, etc.
  • a window manager is used to manage window programs.
  • the window manager can obtain the display size, determine whether there is a status bar, lock the screen, capture the screen, etc.
  • Content providers are used to store and retrieve data and make this data accessible to applications.
  • Said data can include videos, images, audio, calls made and received, browsing history and bookmarks, phone books, etc.
  • the view system includes visual controls, such as controls that display text, controls that display pictures, etc.
  • a view system can be used to build applications.
  • the display interface can be composed of one or more views.
  • a display interface including a text message notification icon may include a view for displaying text and a view for displaying pictures.
  • the phone manager is used to provide communication functions of the electronic device 100 .
  • call status management including connected, hung up, etc.
  • the resource manager provides various resources to applications, such as localized strings, icons, pictures, layout files, video files, etc.
  • the notification manager allows applications to display notification information in the status bar, which can be used to convey notification-type messages and can automatically disappear after a short stay without user interaction.
  • the notification manager is used to notify download completion, message reminders, etc.
  • the notification manager can also be notifications that appear in the status bar at the top of the system in the form of charts or scroll bar text, such as notifications for applications running in the background, or notifications that appear on the screen in the form of a conversation interface. For example, text information is prompted in the status bar, a beep sounds, the electronic device vibrates, the indicator light flashes, etc.
  • Runtime includes core libraries and virtual machines. Runtime is responsible for the scheduling and management of the system.
  • the core library contains two parts: one part is the functional functions that the programming language (for example, Java language) needs to call, and the other part is the core library of the system.
  • one part is the functional functions that the programming language (for example, Java language) needs to call
  • the other part is the core library of the system.
  • the application layer and application framework layer run in virtual machines.
  • the virtual machine executes the programming files (for example, jave files) of the application layer and application framework layer as binary files.
  • the virtual machine is used to perform object life cycle management, stack management, thread management, security and exception management, and garbage collection and other functions.
  • System libraries can include multiple functional modules. For example: surface manager, media libraries, three-dimensional graphics processing library (for example: OpenGL ES), two-dimensional graphics engine (for example: SGL), etc.
  • the surface manager is used to manage the display subsystem and provides the fusion of two-dimensional (2-Dimensional, 2D) and three-dimensional (3-Dimensional, 3D) layers for multiple applications.
  • the media library supports playback and recording of a variety of commonly used audio and video formats, as well as static image files, etc.
  • the media library can support a variety of audio and video encoding formats, such as: MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG, etc.
  • the 3D graphics processing library is used to implement 3D graphics drawing, image rendering, composition, and layer processing.
  • 2D Graphics Engine is a drawing engine for 2D drawing.
  • the kernel layer is the layer between hardware and software.
  • the kernel layer at least includes display driver, camera driver, audio driver, sensor driver, and virtual card driver.
  • the following exemplifies the workflow of the software and hardware of the electronic device 100 in conjunction with capturing the photographing scene.
  • the corresponding hardware interrupt is sent to the kernel layer.
  • the kernel layer processes touch operations into raw input events (including touch coordinates, timestamps of touch operations, and other information). Raw input events are stored in the kernel layer.
  • the application framework layer obtains the original input event from the kernel layer and identifies the control corresponding to the input event. Taking the touch operation as a touch click operation and the control corresponding to the click operation as a camera application icon control as an example, the camera application calls the interface of the application framework layer to start the camera application, and then starts the camera driver by calling the kernel layer. Camera 193 captures still images or video.
  • the electronic device may include a signal acquisition module, a hearing level testing module, a volume calculation module, a self-learning module and a volume adjustment module.
  • the signal acquisition module may include a noise signal acquirer and a downlink signal acquirer.
  • the noise signal acquirer and the downlink signal acquirer may be microphones of the electronic device 100; for another example, the downlink signal acquirer may be as shown in Figure 4
  • the top microphone and the noise signal acquirer of the mobile phone can be the bottom microphone of the mobile phone shown in Figure 4; for another example, the downlink signal acquirer can be the first microphone of the glasses shown in Figure 5, and the noise signal acquirer can be the first microphone of the glasses shown in Figure 5.
  • the volume calculation module can determine the feature vector based on the difference between the noise signal acquired by the noise signal acquirer and the downlink signal acquired by the downlink signal acquirer, where the feature vector can include the sub-band signal of the above-mentioned noise signal and the sub-band signal of the above-mentioned downlink signal.
  • the energy difference of the downlink signal If the decibel value of any frequency band signal in the sub-band signal in the downlink signal is greater than the masking threshold in the masking effect, the downlink signal can be heard by the user; input the feature vector into the target model to get the output sound Level, the sound level of the electronic device includes the output sound level.
  • the target model may be determined based on the application corresponding to the audio playback, the playback method of the audio playback, and the user. For details, please refer to the relevant content below.
  • the volume adjustment module can adjust the playback volume of the downstream signal based on the output sound level of the electronic device.
  • the sound level is used to adjust the audio playback volume; electronic devices can play audio according to different sound levels. When the electronic device plays audio according to different sound levels, the audio playback volume is different. For details, see the relevant description in Figure 16.
  • the target model can be a preset model determined by the hearing level testing module from several preset models based on the user's hearing level; the target model can also play the preset model corresponding to the application corresponding to the audio.
  • the hearing level test module is used to test the user's hearing level, and the preset model corresponding to the user's hearing level is the target model.
  • the self-learning module is used to train the target model based on the user's usage data to update the target model so that the output results of the target model are more in line with the user's usage habits.
  • the listening level test module can divide the user's listening level into K listening levels, which are listening level 1, listening level 2 and listening level K respectively.
  • K listening levels which are listening level 1, listening level 2 and listening level K respectively.
  • Each hearing level corresponds to a preset model.
  • the preset model corresponding to hearing level 1 is preset model 1
  • the preset model corresponding to hearing level 2 is preset model 2
  • the preset model corresponding to hearing level K is is the preset model K.
  • preset model 1 can output a model that meets the listening needs of age group 1; if hearing level 2 is the hearing level of age group 2, then preset model 2 can output Model to meet the hearing needs of age group 2.
  • each preset model can be trained based on the user training set corresponding to the hearing level, the preset module can meet the listening needs of its corresponding user.
  • the user training set includes multiple feature vectors and the target sound level corresponding to each feature vector.
  • Each feature vector is obtained based on the difference between the uplink signal and the noise signal.
  • the target sound level may be the user's comfortable sound level or the lowest sound level that the user can hear clearly. For example, if the electronic device plays audio according to the first sound level, and the user thinks the audio playback volume is comfortable, then the first sound level is the user's comfortable sound level; the electronic device plays audio according to the first sound level, and the user thinks the audio playback volume is comfortable. is the lowest volume that the user can hear clearly, then the first sound level is the lowest sound level that the user can hear clearly.
  • the target sound level is a comfortable sound level
  • the output sound level of the preset model trained based on the target sound level is the user's comfortable sound level. If the target sound level is the lowest sound level that the user can hear clearly, then the output sound level of the preset model trained based on the target sound level is the lowest sound level that the user can hear clearly or a lower sound level.
  • the following takes the comfort sound level as an example to introduce the process of obtaining the user training set.
  • the comfortable sound levels of several people in different scenarios and the downstream signals and noise signals corresponding to this volume can be collected.
  • the scene dimensions described here include the size and type of environmental noise, playing different sound sources, etc.
  • the feature vector corresponding to each comfort sound level is calculated.
  • a comfort sound level and the feature vector corresponding to the comfort sound level can be used as a piece of training data for the user training set.
  • the comfort sound level is is the above target sound level, thereby obtaining the user training set. It should be noted that in order to avoid short-term fluctuations in volume, the comfortable sound levels of the two frames of speech before and after can also be smoothed.
  • user training sets corresponding to different hearing levels can be obtained based on user data of different hearing levels. For example, if the hearing level of age group 1 is hearing level 1, then the user training set corresponding to hearing level 1 is obtained based on the comfortable sound level of age group 1 and the downstream signal and noise signal corresponding to this volume; another example is that of age group 2 The hearing level is hearing level 2, then the user training set corresponding to hearing level 2 is obtained based on the comfortable sound level of age group 2 and the downlink signal and noise signal corresponding to this volume.
  • the following takes preset model 1 as an example to introduce the training process of the preset model.
  • the electronic device can first obtain a user training set with a hearing level of 1.
  • the user training set can include multiple pieces of training data.
  • the multiple pieces of training data include the j-th piece of training data, and the j-th piece of training data includes the j-th frame.
  • the electronic device can train the initial preset model based on each piece of training data, and end the training when the loss meets the preset conditions to obtain the preset model 1.
  • the jth training data includes the input data of the jth frame downlink signal and the target sound level a, where the input data of the jth frame downlink signal may include the sound level of the earpiece several moments before the jth frame downlink signal and the jth frame downlink signal
  • the feature vector of the j-th frame downlink signal is obtained based on the difference between the j-th frame downlink signal and the j-th frame noise signal.
  • the electronic device inputs the j-th training data into the initial preset model to obtain the output sound level b; the electronic device compares the target sound level a and the output sound level b to obtain the loss of the target sound level a and the output sound level b; Loss feedback value initial preset model.
  • the input data of the j-th frame downlink signal may not include the sound level of the earpiece at several moments before the j-th frame downlink signal.
  • the input data includes the sound level of the earpiece at several previous moments in order to smooth the volume change and avoid sudden volume increase or decrease too much.
  • the above preset model is only an average modeling of the user's volume usage habits of big data; the volume adjustment method provided by the embodiment of the present application takes into account the large differences in hearing levels and listening habits between actual individual users.
  • the electronic device can record the feature vector each time the user manually adjusts the volume, the sound level after the adjustment, and the sound levels at several moments before the adjustment, where the feature vector is the sound level when the user manually adjusts the volume.
  • the difference between the collected downlink signal and the noise signal; the electronic device can use the feature vector, the adjusted sound level and the sound level at several moments before adjustment as a piece of training data and store it in the self-learning training set, where the feature vector and the sound level before adjustment
  • the sound levels at several moments are the input data, and the adjusted sound levels are the target sound levels.
  • the electronic device can train the target model based on the self-learning training set at an appropriate time (for example, at night). For example, when the user clicks the consent control 212 in the user interface 21 shown in FIG. 12A, the electronic device detects the user's volume adjustment operation during each call, and when the user performs the volume adjustment operation, the electronic device The feature vectors obtained from the downlink signal and noise signal at this time, the sound level after user adjustment, and the sound level at several moments before adjustment are saved as a piece of training data.
  • the electronic device can also send the target model and the self-learning training set to the server, and the server uses the self-learning training set to train the target model; the server then sends the trained target model to the electronic device.
  • different applications on the electronic device may correspond to different preset models.
  • the preset models corresponding to application 1 are model 1, model 2 and model 3, and the preset models corresponding to application 2 are model 4, model 3. 5 and model 6; furthermore, the electronic device can determine the target model corresponding to the application from the preset model corresponding to the application based on the user's hearing level; the audio played for the application based on the target model Make volume adjustments.
  • model 1, model 2 and model 3 are trained based on user data when users with different hearing levels use application 1
  • model 4 model 5 and model 6 are based on user data when users with different hearing levels use application 2. Obtained by training, the training process can be found in the relevant description above and will not be repeated here.
  • Application 1 can be a call application, which has a call function. Users can use the software to conduct video communication or voice communication with other users, such as the call application or Changlian that comes with the mobile phone system;
  • Application 2 can be a music application. application, which has the function of playing audio, such as the audio software that comes with the mobile phone system or Huawei Music, Huawei Video, etc. It is understandable that under normal circumstances, users have higher confidentiality requirements for call applications and will adjust the volume of the downlink signal of the call application to be smaller. Therefore, under the same environment, the sound output by the target model of the call application will The level is lower than the sound level output by music applications.
  • the hearing test results in the electronic device can be used for multiple applications, that is, one hearing level can correspond to preset models for different applications. For example, when the electronic device determines that user A's hearing level is hearing level 1, it can determine that the target model corresponding to application 1 is model 1, and the target model corresponding to application 2 is model 3.
  • the electronic device can be configured with different hearing level tests for different applications.
  • the listening test corresponding to application 1 is listening test 1
  • the listening test corresponding to application 2 is listening test 2.
  • the test result of user A in listening test 1 is listening level 3, and the test result in listening test 2 is listening level 2.
  • the target model corresponding to hearing level 3 is model 3
  • the target model corresponding to hearing level 2 is model 5
  • the target model corresponding to application 1 is model 3
  • the target model corresponding to application 2 is model 5.
  • the volume adjustment method provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to a variety of scenarios, such as a call scenario, where the user answers an incoming call through a mobile phone or glasses; or a music listening scenario, where the user wears glasses to listen to music, etc. There are no limitations here.
  • the following takes a scenario in which the electronic device is a mobile phone and the user answers an incoming call through the mobile phone as an example to introduce the volume adjustment method provided by the embodiment of the present application in detail.
  • Figure 11 is an overall flow diagram of a volume adjustment method provided by this application.
  • the method may include the following steps:
  • Step S101 The electronic device responds to a user operation to start a hearing test and plays preset audio at different volumes.
  • the volume can be the playback volume or sound level; each volume corresponds to a preset hearing level.
  • electronic devices play preset audio at playback volumes of 5 dB, 15 dB, 25 dB and 35 dB respectively, and each playback volume corresponds to a hearing level.
  • an electronic device plays preset audio according to different preset sound levels.
  • the electronic device includes 10 sound levels, and the preset sound level is 5 sound levels among the 10 sound levels.
  • the 5 audios are respectively related to 5 hearing levels. Corresponding. Among them, the higher the sound level, the louder the audio played by the earpiece.
  • the system settings of the electronic device may include a call sound leakage prevention function option; therefore, the user can turn on the call sound leakage prevention function through user operations for the call sound leakage prevention function option.
  • the electronic device detects When the user operates, the preset audio is played at different volumes in response to the user operation.
  • the default audio can be a piece of news or music, etc., which is not limited here.
  • the electronic device can play preset audio of the same content according to the volume from low to high. It should be noted that if the electronic device plays the preset audio of the same content at a volume from high to low, and the user has already heard the audio content clearly when playing the preset audio at a high volume, this method will judge whether the user can hear it at a low volume. The accuracy of the clear audio content is affected.
  • Figures 12A to 12F are some exemplary interface diagrams of a user performing a hearing test on an electronic device according to embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 12A exemplarily shows a user interface 21 in a system setting of an electronic device.
  • the user interface 21 includes an anti-sound leakage switch 211 and a consent control 212 .
  • the anti-leakage switch 211 is used to turn on the anti-leakage function during calls.
  • a prompt message "In order to match your recent hearing curve, turning on this function requires a hearing level test first" is displayed below the anti-leakage switch 211; the consent control 212 is used for Obtain the user's volume usage information, which is used to train the target model.
  • the electronic device when the electronic device detects a user operation on the anti-sound leakage switch 211 , in response to the user operation, the electronic device may display the user interface 22 as shown in FIG. 12B .
  • the user interface 22 displays a prompt message "The preset voice is about to be played at volume 1. Please maintain your normal calling posture to listen to the voice played by the receiver, and determine whether to use this volume after the voice playback is completed.” Among them, volume 1 can be the lowest volume. It is understandable that after seeing the prompt information of the user interface 22, the user can put the mobile phone to his ear and wait for the voice playback.
  • the electronic device can start playing the preset audio at the volume of 1; after the playback is completed, the electronic device can display the user interface 23 as shown in Figure 12C, and the user interface 23 can include satisfaction controls. 231 and dissatisfied controls 232.
  • the satisfaction control 231 is used to indicate that the volume 1 is a volume that the user is satisfied with;
  • the dissatisfaction control 232 is used to indicate that the volume 1 is a volume that the user is not satisfied with. It is understandable that the user can check the mobile phone interface when the voice playback ends, and when the user sees the mobile phone display as shown in Figure 12C At interface 23, select the corresponding option based on the user experience during voice playback.
  • volume 2 can be one level higher than volume 1.
  • volume 1 For example, the volume of an electronic device is divided into five levels. From low to high, the volume is volume 1, volume 2, volume 3, volume 4, and volume 5.
  • the electronic device can start playing the preset audio at the volume of 2; after the playback is completed, the electronic device can display the user interface 25 as shown in Figure 12E, and the user interface 25 can include satisfaction controls. 251 and dissatisfied controls 252.
  • the satisfaction control 251 is used to indicate that the volume 2 is a volume that the user is satisfied with;
  • the dissatisfaction control 252 is used to indicate that the volume 2 is a volume that the user is not satisfied with.
  • the user interface shown in Figure 12F is displayed. 26.
  • the user interface 26 displays a prompt message "Thank you for your cooperation, the hearing test has been completed! The volume of your earpiece during the call will be intelligently adjusted based on volume 2 to ensure the security of your information."
  • the electronic device when the electronic device detects a user operation for an unsatisfactory control, it can play the preset audio according to the next volume. For example, when the electronic device detects a user operation for the unsatisfactory control 232 of Volume 1, Play the preset voice at volume 2 to continue the hearing test.
  • the electronic device detects a user operation on a satisfactory control, it determines that the volume indicated by the satisfactory control is a volume that the user is satisfied with, and the electronic device can end the hearing test. For example, when the electronic device detects a user operation on the satisfactory control 251 for Volume 2 , it is determined that the volume 2 is the volume that the user is satisfied with, the user interface 26 shown in Figure 12F is displayed, and the hearing test is no longer performed.
  • all volumes include volume 1 to volume 5, with volume 1 being the lowest volume and volume 5 being the highest volume.
  • the electronic device can play presets according to all volumes and display a user interface 23 similar to that shown in Figure 12C for the user to adjust each volume. Select a volume, and end the listening test after detecting that the user has completed selecting all volumes.
  • Step S102 The electronic device determines the user's hearing level based on user operations for different volumes.
  • the electronic device determines the hearing level corresponding to the volume as the user's hearing level. For example, as shown in FIGS. 12A to 12F , when the electronic device detects the user's operation on the satisfaction control 251 on the user interface 25 , it determines the volume 2 as the volume that the user is satisfied with; then the electronic device can determine the hearing volume corresponding to the volume 2 . Level 2 is determined as the user's hearing level.
  • volume 1 to volume 5 are playback volumes from low to high, a user with better hearing may choose volume 1, while a user with poor hearing may choose volume 5.
  • the hearing level corresponding to volume 1 is the hearing level of the user with the worst hearing; the hearing level corresponding to the volume 5 can be the hearing level of the user with the best hearing.
  • Step S103 The electronic device determines a target model from multiple preset models based on the user's hearing level.
  • each listening level corresponds to a preset model.
  • the preset model corresponding to hearing level 2 is preset model 2
  • the electronic device can determine preset model 2 as the target model.
  • the electronic device can be preset with 5 preset models, and the 5 preset models correspond to the hearing levels corresponding to the 5 volumes respectively. Furthermore, when the user selects one of the volumes, the target model is selected from the five preset models.
  • the embodiments of this application do not limit the number of volumes and the number of preset models for the electronic device hearing test.
  • Step S104 When the electronic device detects the user's operation to answer the incoming call, it turns on the top microphone and the bottom microphone of the mobile phone to obtain the noise signal and the downlink signal.
  • top microphone i.e. top microphone
  • bottom microphone the positions of the top microphone (i.e. top microphone) and the bottom microphone (bottom microphone) can be shown in Figure 4.
  • the call interface when the electronic device receives an incoming call, can be displayed; furthermore, when the electronic device detects a user operation to answer the incoming call, the electronic device can respond to the user operation by playing a downlink signal through the earpiece and turning on the top of the mobile phone.
  • Microphone and bottom microphone; electronic equipment can use the signal collected by the top microphone as a downlink signal and the signal collected by the bottom microphone as a noise signal.
  • the signal collected by the top microphone is used as the collected downlink signal.
  • Step S105 The electronic device obtains the feature vector of at least one frame of downlink signal based on the noise signal and the downlink signal.
  • the electronic device can calculate the energy difference between the downlink signal and the noise signal corresponding to the downlink signal of the frame, and use the energy difference as the feature vector of the downlink signal of the frame.
  • the downlink signal of the frame and the noise signal of the frame are the signals collected by the top microphone and the bottom microphone at the same time respectively; the energy difference can be the energy difference of the downlink signal of the frame and the noise signal of the frame in multiple frequency bands.
  • the electronic device can perform frame segmentation and windowing processing on the noise signal and downlink signal collected by the microphone, respectively, to obtain M frames of noise signals and M frames of downlink signals, that is, M sets of audio signals, where M is a positive integer, and each set of audio signals includes downlink signals and noise signals collected at the same time; furthermore, the electronic equipment performs molecular band processing on the downlink signals and noise signals in each set of audio signals to obtain N signal sub-bands of the downlink signals.
  • N N signal sub-bands with and noise signals, where N is an integer greater than 1; furthermore, the electronic device calculates the energy difference between the noise signal and the downlink signal corresponding to each signal sub-band signal in each frame of audio signal, Obtain the N-dimensional feature vector corresponding to each set of audio signals.
  • molecular band processing is to divide a frame signal into multiple signals with different frequency bands, and each sub-band signal has a different frequency band.
  • the M group of audio signals includes the i-th group of audio signals.
  • the following takes the i-th group of audio signals as an example to introduce the process of calculating the feature vector.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of framing and windowing the signals collected by the bottom microphone provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 13, after the electronic equipment divides the signals collected by the bottom microphone into frames and adds windows, M frames of noise signals can be obtained, where the M frames of noise signals include the i-th frame of noise signals, i ⁇ M.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of framing and windowing the signals collected by the top microphone according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 14, after the electronic device divides the signals collected by the top microphone into frames and adds windows, M frames of downlink signals can be obtained, where the M frames of downlink signals include the i-th frame of downlink signals.
  • the electronic device can perform molecular band processing on the noise signal of the i-th frame and the downlink signal of the i-th frame respectively, to obtain the N sub-band signals corresponding to the noise signal of the i-th frame and the downlink signal of the i-th frame. N subband signals.
  • the number of subbands of the noise signal of the i-th frame and the downlink signal of the i-th frame are equal, and the frequency band of a sub-band signal of the noise signal of the i-th frame and the sub-band signal of the downlink signal of the i-th frame are the same, for example, the noise signal of the i-th frame
  • the first sub-band signal of the i-th frame downlink signal has the same frequency band as the first sub-band signal of the i-th frame downlink signal
  • the second sub-band signal of the i-th frame noise signal has the same frequency band as the i-th frame downlink signal
  • the Nth sub-band signal of the i-th frame noise signal is the same as the N-th sub-band signal of the i-th frame downlink signal.
  • the electronic device can respectively subtract the energy of the sub-band signal in the same frequency band of the i-th frame noise signal and the i-th frame downlink signal. For example, subtract the i-th frame noise signal from the energy of the first sub-band signal of the i-th frame noise signal.
  • the energy of the first sub-band signal of the frame downlink signal is d 1
  • the energy of the second sub-band signal of the i-th frame noise signal is subtracted from the energy of the second sub-band signal of the i-th frame downlink signal to get d 2
  • the energy of the N-th sub-band signal of the i-th frame noise signal is subtracted from the energy of the N-th sub-band signal of the i-th frame downlink signal to obtain d N
  • the N-dimensional feature vector of the i-th frame downlink signal can be obtained as [ d 1 ,d 2 ,...,d N ] T .
  • the superscript T represents the transpose of a vector or matrix.
  • Step S106 The electronic device inputs the feature vector of at least one frame of downlink signal into the target model to obtain the output sound level.
  • the sound level of the electronic device includes the output sound level; the sound level is used to adjust the playback volume of the earpiece.
  • the sound level may be the sound pressure level of the downlink signal, for example, in decibels. Among them, the higher the sound level, the louder the playback volume of the earpiece.
  • the volume that can be adjusted by the volume keys on a mobile phone includes 10 levels, that is, the user can press the volume up button 10 times to adjust the phone from the lowest volume to the highest volume; the 10 levels can be respectively sound level 1, sound level 2, and sound level 10. Then the output sound level is a sound level from sound level 1 to sound level 10. Among them, sound level 1 is the lowest and has the smallest playback volume; sound level 10 is the highest and has the largest playback volume.
  • the electronic device can input the feature vector of the frame of downlink signal and the sound level of the earpiece at several moments before the frame of downlink signal.
  • Target model to get the output sound level. For example, if the feature vector of at least one frame of downlink signal is [d 1 , d 2 ,..., d N ] T , the feature vector of the i-th frame downlink signal is [d 1 , d 2 ,..., d N ] T , then the electronic device can input the feature vector of the i-th frame downlink signal into the target model. , get the output sound level.
  • the feature vector of at least one frame of downlink signal includes the feature vector of multiple frames of downlink signals
  • the electronic device can first select the feature vector of one frame of downlink signal from the feature vectors of multiple frames of downlink signals, and then add the feature vector of the frame to the downlink signal.
  • the feature vector of the downlink signal and the sound level of the earpiece at the first few moments of the downlink signal of the frame are input into the target model to obtain the output sound level.
  • the output sound level is the lowest sound level or comfortable sound level predicted by the electronic device that the user can hear clearly in the current environment.
  • the user cannot hear the voice played at volume 1 clearly but can clearly hear the voice played at volume 2.
  • the user selects volume 2.
  • the electronic device determines preset model 2 as the target model. Then the output sound level of preset model 2 is the lowest sound level that the user can hear clearly.
  • the downlink signals and noise signals collected by electronic devices in different environments are different, and the feature vectors input to the target model are different. Therefore, the target model outputs different volumes.
  • the output sound level is the lowest sound that the user can hear clearly in the current environment. level, this method can ensure the security of the user's information during the call and prevent outsiders from hearing the call content.
  • the output sound level of preset model 2 is the user's comfortable sound level.
  • the downlink signals and noise signals collected by electronic devices in different environments are different, and the feature vectors input to the target model are different. Therefore, the target model outputs different volumes.
  • the output sound level is a comfortable sound that the user can hear clearly in the current environment. level, which can improve the user experience during calls.
  • Step S107 The electronic device plays the downlink signal based on the output sound level.
  • the electronic device compares the output sound level with the current sound level of the electronic device playing the downlink signal; when the difference between the output sound level and the current sound level is greater than the preset threshold, Adjust the current sound level to the output sound level, that is, adjust the current sound level to the output sound level.
  • the sound level of electronic equipment includes 10 levels, ranging from sound level 1 to sound level 10 from low to high, and the decibel difference of each sound level is 5 dB.
  • the electronic device adjusts the current sound level from sound level 1 to sound level 3. That is to say, the electronic device can Increase the decibel value of the downlink signal by 10 decibels and play it through the earpiece.
  • the volumes of downlink signals in each frequency band of the same sound level are different.
  • Figure 16 illustrates the downlink signals of some frequency bands.
  • Figure 16 exemplarily shows the downlink signals in three frequency bands.
  • the three triangles located on the ordinate are used to identify the sound pressure levels of the downlink signals in the three frequency bands when the sound level is 1; the three circles located on the ordinate are used to identify the sound pressure levels of the downlink signals in the three frequency bands when the sound level is 1.
  • the sound pressure level of the downlink signals in the three frequency bands when the sound level is 1.
  • Figure 16 exemplarily shows that the downlink signals of three frequency bands have different volumes at the same sound level.
  • the level of sound level 3 is higher than the level of sound level 1; assuming that the difference between each sound level is 5 decibels, then the current sound level
  • the playback volume of the downlink signal in each frequency band increases by 10 decibels. It is understandable that if the electronic device is a mobile phone and the volume button of the mobile phone can adjust the volume to 10 steps, the mobile phone will automatically adjust the current sound level from sound level 1 to sound level 3, and the user will manually press the volume twice to increase the volume. keys have the same effect.
  • the sound level of the electronic device can also be 10 or 15, which is not limited here.
  • the electronic device may adjust the current sound level to the output sound level only when the differences between multiple output sound levels within the preset time period and the current sound level are greater than a preset threshold. Understandably, this method can avoid the negative impact of frequent volume adjustments caused by data fluctuations.
  • the playback volume can be different when playing the same downlink signal at the same sound level.
  • the electronic device plays the downlink signal of frequency band A through sound level 1.
  • the playback volume of the downlink signal is volume 1;
  • the playback volume of the downstream signal is volume 2; the decibel value of volume 1 is not equal to the decibel value of volume 2.
  • the preset model corresponding to the satisfactory volume is the target model. Then, the target model is used to output the lowest sound level that user A can hear clearly in different environments.
  • the electronic device can adjust the earpiece playback volume to the lowest volume that user A can hear clearly in different environments.
  • the electronic device When user A makes calls in different environments, due to the different sizes of noise signals in the environment, the electronic device obtains different feature vectors in different scenarios.
  • the electronic device inputs different feature vectors into the target model to obtain the output sound level. different.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the output sound level changing with the environment according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 takes the downlink signal of frequency band A as an example. After the electronic device adjusts the sound level of the earpiece to sound level 1, the playback volume of the downlink signal of frequency band A is playback volume 1. It can be seen that the decibel value of the playback volume 1 is greater than the masking threshold caused by the first noise signal at this time.
  • the noise signal with the highest decibel value at this time is the second noise signal
  • the second noise signal is The volume
  • the electronic device can The standard model obtains sound level 2, which is specifically used to adjust the playback volume of the downlink signals in each frequency band.
  • Figure 17 takes the downlink signal of frequency band A as an example. After the electronic device adjusts the sound level of the earpiece to sound level 1, the playback volume of the downlink signal of frequency band A is playback volume 2. It can be seen that the decibel value of the playback volume 2 is greater than the masking threshold caused by the second noise signal at this time.
  • the noise volume 2 of the second noise signal is a decibel smaller than the noise volume 1 of the first noise signal, and the playback volume 2 is b decibels smaller than the playback volume 1; the playback volume 1 and playback volume 2 are both higher than the masking threshold in the current environment. It can be seen that when user A is in a quieter environment, the playback volume obtained based on the target model is lower than the playback volume obtained based on the target model in a noisier environment. In other words, the electronic device can play in a quieter environment based on the target model.
  • volume 3 is greater than volume 1.
  • Figure 18 exemplarily shows the downlink signal in frequency band A.
  • the decibels of the playback volume obtained by user A's electronic device based on preset model 3 The value is greater than the decibel value of the playback volume obtained by user B based on preset model 1; the playback volume of user A's electronic device and the playback volume of user B's electronic device are both greater than the masking threshold.
  • the electronic device can obtain a sound level that meets the user's hearing needs based on the preset model selected by the user, and adjust the playback volume of the downlink signal to the sound level. Corresponding playback volume to meet the hearing needs of different groups of people.
  • the electronic device can slowly adjust the volume through the target model when the user is in two environments with a large noise gap.
  • the target model can be found in the description above and will not be described again here.
  • the electronic device can slowly increase the sound level of the downlink signal played by the earpiece until the sound level of the earpiece is raised to the corresponding sound level in the noisy environment; for another example, When the user moves from a noisy environment to a quiet environment during a call, the electronic device can slowly reduce the sound level of the downlink signal played by the earpiece until the sound level of the earpiece is reduced to the corresponding sound level in a quiet environment.
  • FIG 19 illustrates an example of the volume adjustment process during a user's call.
  • the user interface 31, user interface 32 and user interface 33 shown in Figure 19 are respectively interface diagrams displayed on the user's electronic device during the conversation between the user and Bob.
  • user interface 31 is the user interface at 00:07 of the call
  • user interface 32 is the user interface at 00:09 of the call
  • user interface 33 is the user interface at 00:11 of the call.
  • the electronic device can obtain the sound level 2 through the target model based on the downlink signals and noise signals collected in this environment. It can be seen from the user interface 31 that the electronic device plays the downlink signal through sound level 2 when the user is talking at 00:07.
  • the electronic device obtains the sound level 4 through the target model based on the downlink signals and noise signals collected in the noisy environment.
  • the electronic device can first adjust the playback sound level of the earpiece to sound level 3 at 00:09 of the call, as shown in the user interface 32; and then adjust the playback sound level of the earpiece to sound level 4 at 00:11 of the call. As shown in user interface 33. It is understandable that this method can avoid the user's auditory discomfort when the volume of multiple levels is suddenly adjusted.
  • the user interface 31 to 33 is only an exemplary interface provided by the embodiment of the present application, and its purpose is only to clearly display the sound level of the current interface, and should not cause limitations to the embodiment of the present application;
  • the electronic device may not display the volume adjustment portion of the user interface 31 to 33 in Figure 19 during the actual volume adjustment process. In other words, the electronic device may not display the sound level of the earpiece when automatically adjusting the volume.
  • different applications on the electronic device can correspond to different target models; furthermore, the electronic device can adjust the volume of audio played by the application based on the target model corresponding to the application.
  • the electronic device can adjust the volume of audio played by the application based on the target model corresponding to the application.
  • the playback volume of the other party's voice during the call is obtained based on the first target model.
  • the volume of the songs played by the music application is obtained based on the second target model.
  • the playback volume of the other party's voice mentioned above is The volume and the above song volume can be different volumes.
  • FIG. 20 exemplarily shows the sound level adjusted by the electronic device when the user uses different applications through the same electronic device.
  • the following example takes a call application and a music application as examples. It is assumed that the first target application corresponding to the call application is the default model corresponding to the lowest volume that the user can hear clearly; the second target application corresponding to the music application is the most comfortable volume corresponding to the user. default model. It is understandable that the user may believe that the confidentiality of the call content is higher than that of the music, and therefore wants the volume during the call to be as low as possible.
  • the sound level of the earpiece playback volume obtained by the electronic device through the first target application is sound level 3. That is, as shown in the user interface 41, the electronic device plays through sound level 3.
  • the voice of Bob, the other party on the call; under the same environmental conditions as the user interface 41, the electronic device based on the collected downlink signals and noise signals, the sound level of the playing song volume obtained by the second target application is sound level 4, that is, as in the user interface 42
  • the electronic device plays songs in the music application through sound level 4. That is to say, when users use electronic devices to play audio through different applications in the same environment, the volume of the audio they hear is different. For example, when making a call in the same environment, the volume of the other party's voice played by the earpiece is higher than that played by the other party in the same environment. The volume of the music heard through the headphones using the music app is low.
  • user interface 41 to user interface 41 is only an exemplary interface provided by the embodiment of the present application. Its purpose is only to clearly display the sound level of the current interface and should not limit the embodiment of the present application. That is to say, the electronic device may not display the volume adjustment portion of the user interface 41 to 42 in Figure 20 during the actual volume adjustment process. That is, the electronic device may not display the sound level when automatically adjusting the volume.
  • Electronic devices can adjust the target model based on user habits.
  • the electronic device may record user data each time the user manually adjusts the volume during actual use.
  • the data may include feature vectors, adjusted sound levels, and sound levels at several moments before adjustment. etc.; furthermore, the electronic device trains the target model based on the above user data as training data, so that the target model conforms to the user's habits.
  • Figure 21 exemplarily shows part of the application interface for the user to talk to Bob through the electronic device under the first environmental condition on August 1, 2022.
  • the user interface 51 exemplarily shows the sound level 4 of the electronic device after being adjusted by the target model under the first environmental condition; because the user feels that the volume is loud, as shown in the user interface 52 , the user passes Manually press the volume down (-) key in the volume key, and the electronic device responds to the user operation by adjusting the volume of the downlink signal played by the earpiece to sound level 3.
  • the electronic device can determine a piece of training data based on the user data corresponding to the scene shown in Figure 21, such as the feature vector determined at that time, the adjusted sound level and the sound levels at several moments before adjustment, etc., and based on this piece of training data, the target model Conduct training.
  • the electronic device trains the target model based on at least one piece of training data between August 1, 2022, and August 5, 2022, to obtain the trained target model.
  • the user spoke to Bob through the electronic device under the first environmental condition.
  • the electronic device could obtain a sound level of 3 based on the trained target model.
  • the electronic device has adjusted the playback volume of the earpiece to sound level 3 when the user talks to Bob for 00:02 seconds. Therefore, the user does not need to manually adjust the volume. It is understandable that based on usage experience, users may find that the number of times they manually adjust the volume gradually decreases, and the volume played by electronic devices becomes more and more in line with their own usage habits.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes one or more processors and one or more memories; wherein the one or more memories are coupled to the one or more processors, and the one or more memories are used to For storing computer program code, the computer program code includes computer instructions.
  • the electronic device When one or more processors execute the computer instructions, the electronic device causes the electronic device to perform the method described in the above embodiments.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product containing instructions, which when the computer program product is run on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to execute the method described in the above embodiment.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, which includes instructions.
  • the electronic device When the instructions are run on an electronic device, the electronic device causes the electronic device to execute the method described in the above embodiment.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another, e.g., the computer instructions may be transferred from a website, computer, server, or data center Transmission to another website, computer, server or data center through wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains one or more available media integrated.
  • the available media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), optical media (eg, DVD), or semiconductor media (eg, Solid State Disk), etc.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种音量调节方法、电子设备及系统，该方法包括：电子设备响应于开始听力测试的用户操作，分别通过多个音量播放预设音频；多个音量包括第一音量；基于针对第一音量的确定操作，确定用户的听力水平为第一音量对应的第一听力水平；在通过发声装置播放下行信号时，通过至少一个麦克风采集下行信号和环境噪音信号；在采集的下行信号和采集的环境噪音信号中的至少一个改变时，基于第一听力水平将发声装置的播放音量由第一声音等级调节为第二声音等级。实施本申请实施例，电子设备可以基于环境噪音信号、下行信号和用户的听力水平调整发声装置的播放音量，提高用户体验。

Description

一种音量调节方法、电子设备及系统
本申请要求于2022年09月01日提交中国专利局、申请号为202211067066.3、申请名称为“一种音量调节方法、电子设备及系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及终端技术，尤其涉及一种音量调节方法、电子设备及系统。
背景技术
日常生活中，用户使用终端设备(包括但不限于手机、眼镜、开放式耳机等)在公共场景(如电梯、会议室等)通话或者听音乐时，经常会被旁边的人听到通话或者音乐内容，存在个人隐私被泄露或者干扰他人的风险。
如何智能调节终端设备的播放音量是当前及未来的研究方向。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种音量调节方法、电子设备及系统，在该音量调节方法中，该方法可以基于环境噪音信号、下行信号和用户的听力水平调整下行信号的播放音量，提高用户体验。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种音量调节方法，应用于电子设备，电子设备包括发声装置和至少一个麦克风，该方法包括：
电子设备响应于开始听力测试的用户操作，分别通过多个音量播放预设音频；多个音量包括第一音量；
电子设备基于针对第一音量的确定操作，确定用户的听力水平为第一音量对应的第一听力水平；
电子设备在通过发声装置播放下行信号时，通过至少一个麦克风采集下行信号和环境噪音信号；
电子设备在采集的下行信号和采集的环境噪音信号中的至少一个改变时，基于第一听力水平将发声装置的播放音量由第一声音等级调节为第二声音等级。
本申请实施例中，电子设备可以基于用户在听力测试中的确定操作，确定用户的听力水平；进而，基于用户的听力水平，在采集的下行信号和采集的环境噪音信号中的至少一个改变时调节发声装置的播放音量。可见，该播放音量是综合考虑了环境噪音信号、下行信号和用户的听力水平确定的音量，可以满足用户的个体差异性需求以及减少环境噪音的影响，可以提高用户体验感。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，第一音量越大，第二声音等级的等级越高。
本申请实施例中，用户在听力水平测试中选择的第一音量的音量越大，则在用户实际使用电子设备的过程中，电子设备播放下行信号的声音等级越高。该方法可以满足不同用户的听力需求。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，第一音量为用户在当前环境中的舒适音量或者能够听清的最低音量。
本申请实施例中，用户在听力水平测试中可以基于用户个人需求选择第一音量。例如用户希望电子设备播放的下行信号的音量为其感到舒适的音量，则用户可以在将其在当前环境感到舒适音量确定为第一音量；又例如，用户希望电子设备播放的下行信号的音量为其能够听清的最低音量，则用户可以将其在当前环境下能够听清的最低音量确定为第一音量。该方法可以满足用户对音量的不同需求。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，改变后的环境噪音信号的能量越大，第二声音等级的等级越高。
本申请实施例中，电子设备可以在环境噪音信号的能量变化时，自动调节发声装置的声音等级。例如，环境噪音信号的能量变大，也即是噪音增强，则电子设备可以将发声装置的声音等级调节至较高的等级，以避免环境噪音信号使用户听不清下行信号。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，电子设备在下行信号和环境噪音信号中的至少一个改变时，将发声装置的播放音量由第一声音等级调节为第二声音等级，包括：
电子设备在第一声音等级与第二声音等级相差第一预设等级数时，将发声装置的播放音量调整为第 二声音等级。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，电子设备在下行信号和环境噪音信号中的至少一个改变时，将发声装置的播放音量由第一声音等级调节为第二声音等级，包括：
电子设备在第一声音等级与第二声音等级相差第二预设等级数时，将发声装置的播放音量调整为第三声音等级；第三声音等级高于第一声音等级且低于第二声音等级。
在本申请实施例中，电子设备可以在第一声音等级与第二声音等级相差第二预设等级数时，将第一声音等级逐步调节至第二声音等级。假设第一声音等级低于第二声音等级，则电子设备可以先将发声装置的播放音量调整为第三声音等级；第三声音等级高于第一声音等级且低于第二声音等级；再将发声装置的播放音量由第三声音等级调节为第二声音等级。此处仅以第三声音等级作为一次中间调节作为示例性说明，在其他实施例中发声装置由第一声音等级调节至第二声音等级也可以经过多次中间调节。第一声音等级高于第二声音等级的情况与上述调整类似，可以将第一声音等级逐步调低至第二声音等级。该方法可以避免突然的音量调节造成用户的听力体验不适。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，方法还包括
电子设备响应于针对第一应用的用户操作，在第一环境条件下通过发声装置按照第二音量播放第一应用对应的下行信号；
电子设备响应于针对第二应用的用户操作，在第一环境条件下通过发声装置按照第三音量播放第二应用对应的下行信号；
第二音量不等于第三音量。
在本申请实施例中，电子设备可以针对不同的应用有不同的音量调节，该方法可以满足用户对不同应用的听力需求。
例如，不同应用对应不同的目标模型，在同一环境条件时不同目标模型输出的声音等级不同，则电子设备播放的下行信号的音量不同。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，第一应用为通话类应用，第二应用为音乐类应用，第二音量大于第三音量。
本申请实施例中，考虑到用户对通话类应用的听清的需求较高，将通话类应用的下行信号的音量调整的较大，因此，在相同环境下，电子设备针对通话类应用的播放音量大于音乐类应用的播放音量。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，方法还包括：
电子设备将第一听力水平对应的预置模型确定为目标模型；目标模型为通过符合第一听力水平的用户的用户数据训练得到的；用户数据包括第一听力水平的用户在第二环境条件下的目标声音等级，以及第二环境条件下采集的下行信号和环境噪音信号的能量差值；
电子设备将改变后的下行信号和改变后的环境噪音信号的能量差值输入目标模型，得到第二声音等级。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，改变后的下行信号包括N个第一子带信号，改变后的环境噪音信号包括N个第二子带信号，N为正整数；N个第一子带信号与N个第二子带信号一一对应；相互对应的第一子带信号和第二子带信号组成一组信号；
改变后的下行信号和改变后的环境噪音信号的能量差值包括N组信号的能量差值。
本申请实施例中，将改变后的下行信号和改变后的环境噪音信号的能量差值作为目标模型的输入数据，该能量差值可以包括上述噪音信号的分频段信号和上述下行信号的分频段信号的能量差值，下行信号中分频段信号中的任一频段的信号的分贝值大于掩蔽效应中的掩蔽阈值则该下行信号可被用户听到。该方法基于掩蔽效应，可以在调整过程中保证调节后的音量满足人耳的听力需求，避免掩蔽声的干扰。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，用户数据还包括目标声音等级前若干时刻的发声装置播放音量；电子设备将改变后的下行信号和改变后的环境噪音信号的能量差值输入目标模型，得到第二声音等级，包括：
电子设备将改变后的下行信号和改变后的环境噪音信号的能量差值和前若干时刻的发声装置播放音量输入目标模型，得到第二声音等级。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，在将发声装置的播放音量调整为第二声音等级之后，方法还包括：
电子设备响应于用户调节音量键的操作，将发声装置的播放音量调整为目标声音等级；
电子设备存储改变后的下行信号和改变后的环境噪音信号的能量差值和目标声音等级；
电子设备以改变后的下行信号和改变后的环境噪音信号的能量差值和目标声音等级为样本数据训练目标模型。
本申请实施例中，电子设备可以采集用户手动调节音量键的操作时调节的目标声音等级以及上述音量差值作为样本数据对目标模型进行训练。该方法可以使电子设备越来越符合用户习惯，提高用户体验。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，至少一个麦克风包括第一麦克风和第二麦克风，第一麦克风与发声装置的距离小于第二麦克风与发声装置的距离，第一麦克风用于采集下行信号，第二麦克风用于采集环境噪音信号。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了另一种音量调节方法，应用于电子设备，电子设备包括发声装置和至少一个麦克风，方法包括：
电子设备在通过发声装置播放下行信号时，通过至少一个麦克风采集下行信号和环境噪音信号；
电子设备在采集的下行信号和采集的环境噪音信号中的至少一个改变时，基于第一听力水平将发声装置的播放音量由第一声音等级调节为第二声音等级，第一听力水平为电子设备的用户对应的听力水平。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种音量调节装置，装置包括处理模块、发声装置和至少一个麦克风：
发声装置，用于分别通过多个音量播放预设音频；多个音量包括第一音量；
处理模块，用于基于针对第一音量的确定操作，确定用户的听力水平为第一音量对应的第一听力水平；
至少一个麦克风用于，在发声装置播放下行信号时采集下行信号和环境噪音信号；
发声装置，用于在采集的下行信号和采集的环境噪音信号中的至少一个改变时，基于第一听力水平将播放音量由第一声音等级调节为第二声音等级。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，第一音量越大，第二声音等级的等级越高；
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，第一音量为用户在当前环境中能够听清的最低音量或者舒适音量。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，改变后的环境噪音信号的能量越大，第二声音等级的等级越高。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，发声装置，具体用于在第一声音等级与第二声音等级相差第一预设等级数时通过第二声音等级播放下行信号。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，发声装置，具体用于在第一声音等级与第二声音等级相差第二预设等级数时，通过第三声音等级播放下行信号；第三声音等级高于第一声音等级且低于第二声音等级。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，发声装置用于在第一环境条件下通过按照第二音量播放第一应用对应的下行信号；
发声装置用于在第一环境条件下按照第三音量播放第二应用对应的下行信号；第二音量不等于第三音量。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，第一应用为通话类应用，第二应用为音乐类应用，第二音量大于第三音量。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，处理模块，用于：
将第一听力水平对应的预置模型确定为目标模型；目标模型为通过符合第一听力水平的用户的用户数据训练得到的；用户数据包括第一听力水平的用户在第二环境条件下的目标声音等级，以及第二环境条件下采集的下行信号和环境噪音信号的能量差值；
将改变后的下行信号和改变后的环境噪音信号的能量差值输入目标模型，得到第二声音等级。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，改变后的下行信号包括N个第一子带信号，改变后的环境噪音信号包括N个第二子带信号，N为正整数；N个第一子带信号与N个第二子带信号一一对应；相互对应的第一子带信号和第二子带信号组成一组信号；
改变后的下行信号和改变后的环境噪音信号的能量差值包括N组信号的能量差值。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，用户数据还包括目标声音等级前若干时刻的发声装置播放音量；
处理模块，用于：将改变后的下行信号和改变后的环境噪音信号的能量差值和前若干时刻的发声装置播放音量输入目标模型，得到第二声音等级。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，
发声装置用于，响应于用户调节音量键的操作，将发声装置的播放音量调整为目标声音等级；
处理模块用于，存储改变后的下行信号和改变后的环境噪音信号的能量差值和目标声音等级；
处理模块用于，以改变后的下行信号和改变后的环境噪音信号的能量差值和目标声音等级为样本数据训练目标模型。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，至少一个麦克风包括第一麦克风和第二麦克风，第一麦克风与发声装置的距离小于第二麦克风与发声装置的距离，第一麦克风用于采集下行信号，第二麦克风用于采集环境噪音信号。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电子设备，包括一个或多个功能模块，该一个或多个功能模块可用于执行如上述任一方面中或任一方面中任一可能的实现方式中的音量调节方法。
第五方面，本申请提供了一种计算机存储介质，包括计算机指令，当计算机指令在电子设备上运行时，使得通信装置执行上述任一方面中或任一方面中任一可能的实现方式中的音量调节方法。
第六方面，本申请提供了一种计算机程序产品，当计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述任一方面中或任一方面中任一可能的实现方式中的音量调节方法。
第七方面，本申请提供了一种芯片，包括：处理器和接口，所述处理器和接口相互配合，使得所述芯片执行上述任一方面中或任一方面中任一可能的实现方式中的音量调节方法。
可以理解地，上述第四方面提供的电子设备、第五方面提供的计算机可读存储介质、第六方面提供的计算机程序产品、第七方面提供的芯片均用于执行本申请实施例所提供的方法。因此，其所能达到的有益效果可参考对应方法中的有益效果，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种对语音信号加窗的示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种掩蔽效应的示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的电子设备100的硬件结构示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的手机的一种硬件形态示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的眼镜的一种硬件形态示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备100的软件结构框图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种音量调节方法的整体流程示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种预置模型跟听力水平的对应关系图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种预置模型的训练过程的示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的一次训练过程的示意图；
图11是本申请提供的一种音量调节方法的整体流程示意图；
图12A至图12F为本申请实施例示例性示出的用户在电子设备进行听力测试时的一些界面图；
图13是本申请实施例提供的一种对底麦采集的信号进行分帧和加窗的示意图；
图14是本申请实施例提供的一种对顶麦采集的信号进行分帧和加窗的示意图；
图15是本申请实施例提供的一种分子带处理的示意图；
图16是本申请实施例提供的一种声音等级与播放音量的对应关系的示意图；
图17是本申请实施例提供的一种输出声音等级随着环境变化的示意图；
图18是本申请实施例提供的一种不同电子设备在同一环境中通话的播放音量对比图；
图19是本申请实施例提供的一种用户通话过程中的音量调节过程的示意图；
图20是本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备使用不同应用时调节的声音等级的对比图；
图21是本申请实施例提供的电子设备自学习前在第一环境条件下通话的部分应用界面；
图22是本申请实施例提供的电子设备自学习后在第一环境条件下通话的部分应用界面。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、详尽地描述。其中，在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有说明，“/”表示或的意思，例如，A/B可以表示A或B；文本中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况，另外，在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”是指两个或多于两个。
以下，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为暗示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征，在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
本申请以下实施例中的术语“用户界面(user interface，UI)”，是应用程序或操作系统与用户之间进行交互和信息交换的介质接口，它实现信息的内部形式与用户可以接受形式之间的转换。用户界面是通过java、可扩展标记语言(extensible markup language，XML)等特定计算机语言编写的源代码，界面源代码在电子设备上经过解析，渲染，最终呈现为用户可以识别的内容。用户界面常用的表现形式是图形用户界面(graphic user interface，GUI)，是指采用图形方式显示的与计算机操作相关的用户界面。它可以是在电子设备的显示屏中显示的文本、图标、按钮、菜单、选项卡、文本框、对话框、状态栏、导航栏、Widget等可视的界面元素。
以下先介绍本申请实施例涉及的部分技术术语。
1，分帧
通常情况下，语音具备时变的性质，即语音信号特性是随时间变化的，是一个非平稳随机过程。但是，从另一方面来看，语音信号虽然具有时变的性质，在短时间内其特性可以视为是稳定的。因此可以将语音信号分成时间较短的帧，每帧中可将其看做稳态信号。例如帧长一般可以取25毫秒。为了避免相邻两帧的变化过大，可以通过帧之间相互重叠的方式弥补，相邻两帧起始位置的时间差叫帧移。通常，帧移可以取帧长的一半，或固定为取10毫秒。
2，加窗
通常在对语音信号进行分帧后，需要对语音信号进行加窗操作以减轻频谱泄漏。其中，加窗操作即将语音信号与一个窗函数相乘，常用的窗函数有矩形窗、汉明窗和汉宁窗，可根据不同的情况选择不同的窗函数。
请参见图1，图1为示例性示出的对一帧语音信号加窗的示意图。如图1所示，图1中的坐标横轴为时间，纵轴为振幅；图1中的(a)为加窗前的语音信号的波形图；图1中的(b)为窗函数的波形图；图1中的(c)为加窗后的语音信号的波形图。可见，对一帧语音信号进行加窗处理后，该帧语音信号的幅度在两端渐变到0，加窗后一帧语音信号的两端部分被削弱。
3，掩蔽效应
一个较弱的声音(被掩蔽音)的听觉感受被另一个较强的声音(掩蔽音)影响的现象称为人耳的“掩蔽效应”。掩蔽效应是人耳的另一个重要生理特征。如果在一段较窄的频段上存在两种声音信号，当一个强度大于另一个时，则人耳的听觉阈值将提高，人耳朵可以听到大音量的声音信号，而其附近频率小音量的声音信号却听不到，好像是小音量信号被大音量信号掩蔽掉了。其中，人耳的听觉阈值(即可听阈)为声音能被人耳感知到的最低声压级。
请参见图2，图2是本申请实施例提供的一种掩蔽效应的示意图。如图2所示，该坐标系的横轴为频率，单位为赫兹(Hz)，纵轴为声压级，单位为分贝(dB)；图2中以实线代表可听阈，以斜线矩形代表掩蔽声，以虚线代表掩蔽阈值，以空白矩形代表被掩蔽声。在没有掩蔽声的情况下，声音的声压级大于可听阈即可被人耳听见，由图2可见，被掩蔽声的声压级均大于可听阈，因此在没有掩蔽声的情况下，人耳可以听见被掩蔽声；而当掩蔽声出现后，掩蔽声附近频率的声音的声压级需大于掩蔽阈值才可被人耳听见，由图2可见，被掩蔽声的声压级均小于掩蔽阈值，因此当掩蔽声出现后，人耳本来听见的被掩蔽声，变得听不见了。此时，只要被掩蔽声中有声音的声压级大于掩蔽阈值，以图2为例，即三个被掩蔽声中至少一个被掩蔽声的声音大于掩蔽阈值，人耳即可听见被掩蔽声。
图3示出了电子设备100的硬件结构示意图。
下面以电子设备100为例对实施例进行具体说明。应该理解的是，电子设备100可以具有比图中所示的更多的或者更少的部件，可以组合两个或多个的部件，或者可以具有不同的部件配置。图中所示出的各种部件可以在包括一个或多个信号处理和/或专用集成电路在内的硬件、软件、或硬件和软件的组合中实现。
电子设备100可以包括：处理器110，外部存储器接口120，内部存储器121，通用串行总线(universal serial bus，USB)接口130，充电管理模块140，电源管理模块141，电池142，天线1，天线2，移动通信模块150，无线通信模块160，音频模块170，扬声器170A，受话器170B，麦克风170C，耳机接口170D，传感器模块180，按键190，马达191，指示器192，摄像头193，显示屏194以及用户标识模块(subscriber identification module，SIM)卡接口195等。其中传感器模块180可以包括压力传感器180A，陀螺仪传感器180B，气压传感器180C，磁传感器180D，加速度传感器180E，距离传感器180F，接近光传感器180G，指纹传感器180H，温度传感器180J，触摸传感器180K，环境光传感器180L，骨传导传感器180M等。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例示意的结构并不构成对电子设备100的具体限定。在本申请另一些实施例中，电子设备100可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者拆分某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。图示的部件可以以硬件，软件或软件和硬件的组合实现。
处理器110可以包括一个或多个处理单元，例如：处理器110可以包括应用处理器(application processor，AP)，调制解调处理器，图形处理器(graphics processing unit，GPU)，图像信号处理器(image signal processor，ISP)，控制器，存储器，视频编解码器，数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)，基带处理器，和/或神经网络处理器(neural-network processing unit，NPU)等。其中，不同的处理单元可以是独立的器件，也可以集成在一个或多个处理器中。
其中，控制器可以是电子设备100的神经中枢和指挥中心。控制器可以根据指令操作码和时序信号，产生操作控制信号，完成取指令和执行指令的控制。
处理器110中还可以设置存储器，用于存储指令和数据。在一些实施例中，处理器110中的存储器为高速缓冲存储器。该存储器可以保存处理器110刚用过或循环使用的指令或数据。如果处理器110需要再次使用该指令或数据，可从所述存储器中直接调用。避免了重复存取，减少了处理器110的等待时间，因而提高了系统的效率。
在一些实施例中，处理器110可以包括一个或多个接口。接口可以包括集成电路(inter-integrated circuit，I2C)接口，集成电路内置音频(inter-integrated circuit sound，I2S)接口，脉冲编码调制(pulse code modulation，PCM)接口，通用异步收发传输器(universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter，UART)接口，移动产业处理器接口(mobile industry processor interface，MIPI)，通用输入输出(general-purpose input/output，GPIO)接口，用户标识模块(subscriber identity module，SIM)接口，和/或通用串行总线(universal serial bus，USB)接口等。
I2C接口是一种双向同步串行总线，包括一根串行数据线(serial data line，SDA)和一根串行时钟线(derail clock line，SCL)。在一些实施例中，处理器110可以包含多组I2C总线。处理器110可以通过不同的I2C总线接口分别耦合触摸传感器180K，充电器，闪光灯，摄像头193等。例如：处理器110可以通过I2C接口耦合触摸传感器180K，使处理器110与触摸传感器180K通过I2C总线接口通信，实现电子设备100的触摸功能。
I2S接口可以用于音频通信。在一些实施例中，处理器110可以包含多组I2S总线。处理器110可以通过I2S总线与音频模块170耦合，实现处理器110与音频模块170之间的通信。在一些实施例中，音频模块170可以通过I2S接口向无线通信模块160传递音频信号，实现通过蓝牙耳机接听电话的功能。
PCM接口也可以用于音频通信，将模拟信号抽样，量化和编码。在一些实施例中，音频模块170与无线通信模块160可以通过PCM总线接口耦合。在一些实施例中，音频模块170也可以通过PCM接口向无线通信模块160传递音频信号，实现通过蓝牙耳机接听电话的功能。所述I2S接口和所述PCM接口都可以用于音频通信。
UART接口是一种通用串行数据总线，用于异步通信。该总线可以为双向通信总线。它将要传输的数据在串行通信与并行通信之间转换。在一些实施例中，UART接口通常被用于连接处理器110与无线通信模块160。例如：处理器110通过UART接口与无线通信模块160中的蓝牙模块通信，实现蓝牙功能。 在一些实施例中，音频模块170可以通过UART接口向无线通信模块160传递音频信号，实现通过蓝牙耳机播放音乐的功能。
MIPI接口可以被用于连接处理器110与显示屏194，摄像头193等外围器件。MIPI接口包括摄像头串行接口(camera serial interface，CSI)，显示屏串行接口(display serial interface，DSI)等。在一些实施例中，处理器110和摄像头193通过CSI接口通信，实现电子设备100的拍摄功能。处理器110和显示屏194通过DSI接口通信，实现电子设备100的显示功能。
GPIO接口可以通过软件配置。GPIO接口可以被配置为控制信号，也可被配置为数据信号。在一些实施例中，GPIO接口可以用于连接处理器110与摄像头193，显示屏194，无线通信模块160，音频模块170，传感器模块180等。GPIO接口还可以被配置为I2C接口，I2S接口，UART接口，MIPI接口等。
SIM卡接口可以被用于与SIM卡接口195通信，实现传送数据到SIM卡或读取SIM卡中数据的功能。
USB接口130是符合USB标准规范的接口，具体可以是Mini USB接口，Micro USB接口，USB Type C接口等。USB接口130可以用于连接充电器为电子设备100充电，也可以用于电子设备100与外围设备之间传输数据。也可以用于连接耳机，通过耳机播放音频。该接口还可以用于连接其他电子设备，例如AR设备等。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例示意的各模块间的接口连接关系，只是示意性说明，并不构成对电子设备100的结构限定。在本申请另一些实施例中，电子设备100也可以采用上述实施例中不同的接口连接方式，或多种接口连接方式的组合。
充电管理模块140用于从充电器接收充电输入。其中，充电器可以是无线充电器，也可以是有线充电器。
电源管理模块141用于连接电池142，充电管理模块140与处理器110。电源管理模块141接收电池142和/或充电管理模块140的输入，为处理器110，内部存储器121，外部存储器，显示屏194，摄像头193，和无线通信模块160等供电。
电子设备100的无线通信功能可以通过天线1，天线2，移动通信模块150，无线通信模块160，调制解调处理器以及基带处理器等实现。
天线1和天线2用于发射和接收电磁波信号。电子设备100中的每个天线可用于覆盖单个或多个通信频带。不同的天线还可以复用，以提高天线的利用率。例如：可以将天线1复用为无线局域网的分集天线。在另外一些实施例中，天线可以和调谐开关结合使用。
移动通信模块150可以提供应用在电子设备100上的包括2G/3G/4G/5G等无线通信的解决方案。移动通信模块150可以包括至少一个滤波器，开关，功率放大器，低噪声放大器(low noise amplifier，LNA)等。移动通信模块150可以由天线1接收电磁波，并对接收的电磁波进行滤波，放大等处理，传送至调制解调处理器进行解调。移动通信模块150还可以对经调制解调处理器调制后的信号放大，经天线1转为电磁波辐射出去。在一些实施例中，移动通信模块150的至少部分功能模块可以被设置于处理器110中。在一些实施例中，移动通信模块150的至少部分功能模块可以与处理器110的至少部分模块被设置在同一个器件中。
调制解调处理器可以包括调制器和解调器。其中，调制器用于将待发送的低频基带信号调制成中高频信号。解调器用于将接收的电磁波信号解调为低频基带信号。随后解调器将解调得到的低频基带信号传送至基带处理器处理。低频基带信号经基带处理器处理后，被传递给应用处理器。应用处理器通过音频设备(不限于扬声器170A，受话器170B等)输出声音信号，或通过显示屏194显示图像或视频。在一些实施例中，调制解调处理器可以是独立的器件。在另一些实施例中，调制解调处理器可以独立于处理器110，与移动通信模块150或其他功能模块设置在同一个器件中。
无线通信模块160可以提供应用在电子设备100上的包括无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)(如无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wi-Fi)网络)，蓝牙(bluetooth，BT)，全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GNSS)，调频(frequency modulation，FM)，近距离无线通信技术(near field communication，NFC)，红外技术(infrared，IR)等无线通信的解决方案。无线通信模块160可以是集成至少一个通信处理模块的一个或多个器件。无线通信模块160经由天线2接收电磁波，将电磁波信号调频以及滤波处理，将处理后的信号发送到处理器110。无线通信模块160还可以从处理器110接收待发送的信号，对其进行调频，放大，经天线2转为电磁波辐射出去。
在一些实施例中，电子设备100的天线1和移动通信模块150耦合，天线2和无线通信模块160耦合， 使得电子设备100可以通过无线通信技术与网络以及其他设备通信。所述无线通信技术可以包括全球移动通讯系统(global system for mobile communications，GSM)，通用分组无线服务(general packet radio service，GPRS)，码分多址接入(code division multiple access，CDMA)，宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)，时分码分多址(time-division code division multiple access，TD-SCDMA)，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)，BT，GNSS，WLAN，NFC，FM，和/或IR技术等。所述GNSS可以包括全球卫星定位系统(global positioning system，GPS)，全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GLONASS)，北斗卫星导航系统(beidou navigation satellite system，BDS)，准天顶卫星系统(quasi-zenith satellite system，QZSS)和/或星基增强系统(satellite based augmentation systems，SBAS)。
电子设备100通过GPU，显示屏194，以及应用处理器等实现显示功能。GPU为图像处理的微处理器，连接显示屏194和应用处理器。GPU用于执行数学和几何计算，用于图形渲染。处理器110可包括一个或多个GPU，其执行程序指令以生成或改变显示信息。
显示屏194用于显示图像，视频等。显示屏194包括显示面板。显示面板可以采用液晶显示屏(liquid crystal display，LCD)，有机发光二极管(organic light-emitting diode，OLED)，有源矩阵有机发光二极体或主动矩阵有机发光二极体(active-matrix organic light emitting diode，AMOLED)，柔性发光二极管(flex light-emitting diode，FLED)，Miniled，MicroLed，Micro-oLed，量子点发光二极管(quantum dot light emitting diodes，QLED)等。在一些实施例中，电子设备100可以包括1个或N个显示屏194，N为大于1的正整数。
电子设备100可以通过ISP，摄像头193，视频编解码器，GPU，显示屏194以及应用处理器等实现拍摄功能。
ISP用于处理摄像头193反馈的数据。例如，拍照时，打开快门，光线通过镜头被传递到摄像头感光元件上，光信号转换为电信号，摄像头感光元件将所述电信号传递给ISP处理，转化为肉眼可见的图像。ISP还可以对图像的噪点，亮度，肤色进行算法优化。ISP还可以对拍摄场景的曝光，色温等参数优化。在一些实施例中，ISP可以设置在摄像头193中。
摄像头193用于捕获静态图像或视频。物体通过镜头生成光学图像投射到感光元件。感光元件可以是电荷耦合器件(charge coupled device，CCD)或互补金属氧化物半导体(complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor，CMOS)光电晶体管。感光元件把光信号转换成电信号，之后将电信号传递给ISP转换成数字图像信号。ISP将数字图像信号输出到DSP加工处理。DSP将数字图像信号转换成标准的RGB，YUV等格式的图像信号。在一些实施例中，电子设备100可以包括1个或N个摄像头193，N为大于1的正整数。
数字信号处理器用于处理数字信号，除了可以处理数字图像信号，还可以处理其他数字信号。例如，当电子设备100在频点选择时，数字信号处理器用于对频点能量进行傅里叶变换等。
视频编解码器用于对数字视频压缩或解压缩。电子设备100可以支持一种或多种视频编解码器。这样，电子设备100可以播放或录制多种编码格式的视频，例如：动态图像专家组(moving picture experts group，MPEG)1，MPEG2，MPEG3，MPEG4等。
NPU为神经网络(neural-network，NN)计算处理器，通过借鉴生物神经网络结构，例如借鉴人脑神经元之间传递模式，对输入信息快速处理，还可以不断的自学习。通过NPU可以实现电子设备100的智能认知等应用，例如：图像识别，人脸识别，语音识别，文本理解等。
外部存储器接口120可以用于连接外部存储卡，例如Micro SD卡，实现扩展电子设备100的存储能力。外部存储卡通过外部存储器接口120与处理器110通信，实现数据存储功能。例如将音乐，视频等文件保存在外部存储卡中。
内部存储器121可以用于存储计算机可执行程序代码，所述可执行程序代码包括指令。处理器110通过运行存储在内部存储器121的指令，从而执行电子设备100的各种功能应用以及数据处理。内部存储器121可以包括存储程序区和存储数据区。其中，存储程序区可存储操作系统，至少一个功能所需的应用(比如人脸识别功能，指纹识别功能、移动支付功能等)等。存储数据区可存储电子设备100使用过程中所创建的数据(比如人脸信息模板数据，指纹信息模板等)等。此外，内部存储器121可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件，闪存器件，通用闪存存储器(universal flash storage，UFS)等。
电子设备100可以通过音频模块170，扬声器170A，受话器170B，麦克风170C，耳机接口170D，以及应用处理器等实现音频功能。例如音乐播放，录音等。
音频模块170用于将数字音频信息转换成模拟音频信号输出，也用于将模拟音频输入转换为数字音频信号。音频模块170还可以用于对音频信号编码和解码。在一些实施例中，音频模块170可以设置于处理器110中，或将音频模块170的部分功能模块设置于处理器110中。
在本申请实施例中，电子设备可以通过发声装置播放声音信号。其中，发声装置可以为下述扬声器170A，也可以为下述受话器170B，还可以为连接电子设备的外部设备，如耳机和眼镜等，此处不作限定。
扬声器170A，也称“喇叭”，用于将音频电信号转换为声音信号。电子设备100可以通过扬声器170A收听音乐，或收听免提通话。
受话器170B，也称“听筒”，用于将音频电信号转换成声音信号。当电子设备100接听电话或语音信息时，可以通过将受话器170B靠近人耳接听语音。
麦克风170C，也称“话筒”，“传声器”，用于将声音信号转换为电信号。当拨打电话或发送语音信息时，用户可以通过人嘴靠近麦克风170C发声，将声音信号输入到麦克风170C。电子设备100可以设置至少一个麦克风170C。在另一些实施例中，电子设备100可以设置两个麦克风170C，除了采集声音信号，还可以实现降噪功能。在另一些实施例中，电子设备100还可以设置三个，四个或更多麦克风170C，实现采集声音信号，降噪，还可以识别声音来源，实现定向录音功能等。
耳机接口170D用于连接有线耳机。耳机接口170D可以是USB接口130，也可以是3.5mm的开放移动电子设备平台(open mobile terminal platform，OMTP)标准接口，美国蜂窝电信工业协会(cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA，CTIA)标准接口。
压力传感器180A用于感受压力信号，可以将压力信号转换成电信号。在一些实施例中，压力传感器180A可以设置于显示屏194。压力传感器180A的种类很多，如电阻式压力传感器，电感式压力传感器，电容式压力传感器等。电容式压力传感器可以是包括至少两个具有导电材料的平行板。当有力作用于压力传感器180A，电极之间的电容改变。电子设备100根据电容的变化确定压力的强度。当有触摸操作作用于显示屏194，电子设备100根据压力传感器180A检测所述触摸操作强度。电子设备100也可以根据压力传感器180A的检测信号计算触摸的位置。在一些实施例中，作用于相同触摸位置，但不同触摸操作强度的触摸操作，可以对应不同的操作指令。例如：当有触摸操作强度小于第一压力阈值的触摸操作作用于短消息应用图标时，执行查看短消息的指令。当有触摸操作强度大于或等于第一压力阈值的触摸操作作用于短消息应用图标时，执行新建短消息的指令。
陀螺仪传感器180B可以用于确定电子设备100的运动姿态。在一些实施例中，可以通过陀螺仪传感器180B确定电子设备100围绕三个轴(即，x，y和z轴)的角速度。陀螺仪传感器180B可以用于拍摄防抖。示例性的，当按下快门，陀螺仪传感器180B检测电子设备100抖动的角度，根据角度计算出镜头模组需要补偿的距离，让镜头通过反向运动抵消电子设备100的抖动，实现防抖。陀螺仪传感器180B还可以用于导航，体感游戏场景。
气压传感器180C用于测量气压。在一些实施例中，电子设备100通过气压传感器180C测得的气压值计算海拔高度，辅助定位和导航。
磁传感器180D包括霍尔传感器。电子设备100可以利用磁传感器180D检测翻盖皮套的开合。在一些实施例中，当电子设备100是翻盖机时，电子设备100可以根据磁传感器180D检测翻盖的开合。进而根据检测到的皮套的开合状态或翻盖的开合状态，设置翻盖自动解锁等特性。
加速度传感器180E可检测电子设备100在各个方向上(一般为三轴)加速度的大小。当电子设备100静止时可检测出重力的大小及方向。还可以用于识别电子设备姿态，应用于横竖屏切换，计步器等应用。
距离传感器180F，用于测量距离。电子设备100可以通过红外或激光测量距离。在一些实施例中，拍摄场景，电子设备100可以利用距离传感器180F测距以实现快速对焦。
接近光传感器180G可以包括例如发光二极管(LED)和光检测器，例如光电二极管。发光二极管可以是红外发光二极管。电子设备100通过发光二极管向外发射红外光。电子设备100使用光电二极管检测来自附近物体的红外反射光。当检测到充分的反射光时，可以确定电子设备100附近有物体。当检测到不充分的反射光时，电子设备100可以确定电子设备100附近没有物体。电子设备100可以利用接近光传感器180G检测用户手持电子设备100贴近耳朵通话，以便自动熄灭屏幕达到省电的目的。接近光传感器 180G也可用于皮套模式，口袋模式自动解锁与锁屏。
环境光传感器180L用于感知环境光亮度。电子设备100可以根据感知的环境光亮度自适应调节显示屏194亮度。环境光传感器180L也可用于拍照时自动调节白平衡。环境光传感器180L还可以与接近光传感器180G配合，检测电子设备100是否在口袋里，以防误触。
指纹传感器180H用于采集指纹。电子设备100可以利用采集的指纹特性实现指纹解锁，访问应用锁，指纹拍照，指纹接听来电等。
温度传感器180J用于检测温度。在一些实施例中，电子设备100利用温度传感器180J检测的温度，执行温度处理策略。例如，当温度传感器180J上报的温度超过阈值，电子设备100执行降低位于温度传感器180J附近的处理器的性能，以便降低功耗实施热保护。在另一些实施例中，当温度低于另一阈值时，电子设备100对电池142加热，以避免低温导致电子设备100异常关机。在其他一些实施例中，当温度低于又一阈值时，电子设备100对电池142的输出电压执行升压，以避免低温导致的异常关机。
触摸传感器180K，也称“触控面板”。触摸传感器180K可以设置于显示屏194，由触摸传感器180K与显示屏194组成触摸屏，也称“触控屏”。触摸传感器180K用于检测作用于其上或附近的触摸操作。触摸传感器可以将检测到的触摸操作传递给应用处理器，以确定触摸事件类型。可以通过显示屏194提供与触摸操作相关的视觉输出。在另一些实施例中，触摸传感器180K也可以设置于电子设备100的表面，与显示屏194所处的位置不同。
按键190包括开机键，音量键等。按键190可以是机械按键。也可以是触摸式按键。电子设备100可以接收按键输入，产生与电子设备100的用户设置以及功能控制有关的键信号输入。
马达191可以产生振动提示。马达191可以用于来电振动提示，也可以用于触摸振动反馈。例如，作用于不同应用(例如拍照，音频播放等)的触摸操作，可以对应不同的振动反馈效果。作用于显示屏194不同区域的触摸操作，马达191也可对应不同的振动反馈效果。不同的应用场景(例如：时间提醒，接收信息，闹钟，游戏等)也可以对应不同的振动反馈效果。触摸振动反馈效果还可以支持自定义。
指示器192可以是指示灯，可以用于指示充电状态，电量变化，也可以用于合成请求，未接来电，通知等。
SIM卡接口195用于连接SIM卡。SIM卡可以通过插入SIM卡接口195，或从SIM卡接口195拔出，实现和电子设备100的接触和分离。电子设备100可以支持1个或N个SIM卡接口，N为大于1的正整数。SIM卡接口195可以支持Nano SIM卡，Micro SIM卡，SIM卡等。同一个SIM卡接口195可以同时插入多张卡。所述多张卡的类型可以相同，也可以不同。SIM卡接口195也可以兼容不同类型的SIM卡。SIM卡接口195也可以兼容外部存储卡。电子设备100通过SIM卡和网络交互，实现通话以及数据通信等功能。
本申请实施例中，电子设备100可以通过处理器110执行本申请实施例提供的音量调节方法。
本申请实施例中，上述电子设备100可以包括两个麦克风，其中，一个麦克风用于获取噪音信号；另一个麦克风用于获取下行信号。例如，电子设备100可以为图4所示的手机或者图5所示的眼镜。其中，下行信号为电子设备通过发声装置播放的音频；例如在通话中，下行信号为电子设备通过听筒播放的通话对方的声音；又例如在收听歌曲时，下行信号为电子设备播放的歌曲。
请参见图4，图4示例性示出了手机的一种硬件形态。手机可以通过多种播放形式播放下行信号，例如听筒和耳机等，不同的播放形式可以对应不同的预置模型或音量调节方法。以下以听筒为例介绍手机采集下行信号和噪音信号的过程。
如图4所示，手机的一个麦克风位于听筒一侧；手机的另一个麦克风位于听筒对侧。为方便描述，本申请实施例中将位于听筒一侧的麦克风称为顶部麦克风(简称，顶麦)；将位于听筒对侧的麦克风称为底部麦克风(简称，底麦)。可以理解的，顶麦与听筒的位置靠近，可以更好的采集到听筒播放的下行信号。因此，本申请的一些实施例中可以将顶麦采集到的信号作为下行信号，将底麦采集的信号作为噪音信号。
需要说明的是，在本申请的其它一些实施例中，手机可以从顶麦采集的信号中确定下行信号，例如手机从顶麦采集的信号中识别噪音信号并去除噪音信号，得到下行信号；又例如，手机将顶麦采集的信号和底部麦克风采集的信号进行对比，将顶麦采集的信号和底部麦克风采集的信号中的差异部分作为下行信号。
另外，如图4所示，手机还可以包括音量键，其中，标有(+)的一侧为音量键的音量增加键；标有 (-)的一侧为音量键的音量减小键。其中，音量键用于调整听筒或扬声器的声音等级。例如，该手机包括10个声音等级，等级越高则播放音量越大；用户可以通过按音量增加键确定更高等级的声音等级，使得播放音量变大。
请参见图5，图5示例性示出了眼镜的一种硬件形态。如图5所示，眼镜的两个眼镜腿可以分别设置有两个麦克风和听筒。如图5所示，由于第二麦克风与听筒位置较近，因此第二麦克风用于获取下行信号，第一麦克风用于获取噪音信号。
需要说明的是，本申请的一些实施例中可以将第二麦克风采集到的信号作为下行信号，将第一麦克风采集的信号作为噪音信号。在本申请的其它一些实施例中，可以从第二麦克风采集的信号中确定下行信号，例如从第二麦克风采集的信号中识别噪音信号并去除噪音信号，得到下行信号；又例如，将第二麦克风采集的信号和底部麦克风采集的信号进行对比，将第二麦克风采集的信号和底部麦克风采集的信号中的差异部分作为下行信号。
图6为本申请实施例公开的一种电子设备100的软件结构框图。
分层架构将软件分成若干个层，每一层都有清晰的角色和分工。层与层之间通过软件接口通信。在一些实施例中，将系统分为四层，从上至下分别为应用程序层，应用程序框架层，运行时(Runtime)和系统库，以及内核层。
应用程序层可以包括一系列应用程序包。
如图6所示，应用程序层还包括通话防漏音模块，应用程序包可以包括相机，图库，日历，通话，地图，导航，WLAN，蓝牙，音乐，视频，短信息等应用程序(也可以称为应用)。
其中，通话防漏音模块用于通话过程中调节下行信号的播放音量。通话防漏音模块具体可以包括如图7所示的听力水平测试模型、音频计算模块和自学习模块等，其中，听力水平测试模型、音频计算模块和自学习模块等的具体内容可以参见下文中的相关内容，此处不做赘述。
应用程序框架层为应用程序层的应用程序提供应用编程接口(application programming interface，API)和编程框架。应用程序框架层包括一些预先定义的函数。
如图6所示，应用程序框架层可以包括窗口管理器，内容提供器，视图系统，电话管理器，资源管理器，通知管理器等。
窗口管理器用于管理窗口程序。窗口管理器可以获取显示屏大小，判断是否有状态栏，锁定屏幕，截取屏幕等。
内容提供器用来存放和获取数据，并使这些数据可以被应用程序访问。所述数据可以包括视频，图像，音频，拨打和接听的电话，浏览历史和书签，电话簿等。
视图系统包括可视控件，例如显示文字的控件，显示图片的控件等。视图系统可用于构建应用程序。显示界面可以由一个或多个视图组成的。例如，包括短信通知图标的显示界面，可以包括显示文字的视图以及显示图片的视图。
电话管理器用于提供电子设备100的通信功能。例如通话状态的管理(包括接通，挂断等)。
资源管理器为应用程序提供各种资源，比如本地化字符串，图标，图片，布局文件，视频文件等等。
通知管理器使应用程序可以在状态栏中显示通知信息，可以用于传达告知类型的消息，可以短暂停留后自动消失，无需用户交互。比如通知管理器被用于告知下载完成，消息提醒等。通知管理器还可以是以图表或者滚动条文本形式出现在系统顶部状态栏的通知，例如后台运行的应用程序的通知，还可以是以对话界面形式出现在屏幕上的通知。例如在状态栏提示文本信息，发出提示音，电子设备振动，指示灯闪烁等。
运行时(Runtime)包括核心库和虚拟机。Runtime负责系统的调度和管理。
核心库包含两部分：一部分是编程语言(例如，jave语言)需要调用的功能函数，另一部分是系统的核心库。
应用程序层和应用程序框架层运行在虚拟机中。虚拟机将应用程序层和应用程序框架层的编程文件(例如，jave文件)执行为二进制文件。虚拟机用于执行对象生命周期的管理，堆栈管理，线程管理，安全和异常的管理，以及垃圾回收等功能。
系统库可以包括多个功能模块。例如：表面管理器(surface manager)，媒体库(Media Libraries)，三维图形处理库(例如：OpenGL ES)，二维图形引擎(例如：SGL)等。
表面管理器用于对显示子系统进行管理，并且为多个应用程序提供了二维(2-Dimensional，2D)和三维(3-Dimensional，3D)图层的融合。
媒体库支持多种常用的音频，视频格式回放和录制，以及静态图像文件等。媒体库可以支持多种音视频编码格式，例如:MPEG4，H.264，MP3，AAC，AMR，JPG，PNG等。
三维图形处理库用于实现3D图形绘图，图像渲染，合成，和图层处理等。
2D图形引擎是2D绘图的绘图引擎。
内核层是硬件和软件之间的层。内核层至少包含显示驱动，摄像头驱动，音频驱动，传感器驱动，虚拟卡驱动。
下面结合捕获拍照场景，示例性说明电子设备100软件以及硬件的工作流程。
当触摸传感器180K接收到触摸操作，相应的硬件中断被发给内核层。内核层将触摸操作加工成原始输入事件(包括触摸坐标，触摸操作的时间戳等信息)。原始输入事件被存储在内核层。应用程序框架层从内核层获取原始输入事件，识别该输入事件所对应的控件。以该触摸操作是触摸单击操作，该单击操作所对应的控件为相机应用图标的控件为例，相机应用调用应用框架层的接口，启动相机应用，进而通过调用内核层启动摄像头驱动，通过摄像头193捕获静态图像或视频。
首先，结合图7，介绍本申请一些实施例提供的音量调节方法的整体流程。
如图7所示，电子设备可以包括信号获取模块、听力水平测试模块、音量计算模块、自学习模块和音量调节模块。其中，信号获取模块可以包括噪音信号获取器和下行信号获取器，例如该噪音信号获取器和下行信号获取器可以为电子设备100的麦克风；又例如，下行信号获取器可以为图4所示的手机的顶麦，噪音信号获取器可以为图4所示的手机的底麦；又例如，下行信号获取器可以为图5所示的眼镜的第一麦克风，噪音信号获取器可以为图5所示的眼镜的第二麦克风。
音量计算模块可以基于噪音信号获取器获取的噪音信号跟下行信号获取器获取的下行信号的差异，确定特征向量，其中，特征向量可以包括上述噪音信号的分频段信号和上述下行信号的分频段信号的能量差值，下行信号中分频段信号中的任一频段的信号的分贝值大于掩蔽效应中的掩蔽阈值则该下行信号可被用户听到；将该特征向量输入目标模型，可以得到输出声音等级，电子设备的声音等级包括该输出声音等级。其中，目标模型可以是基于播放音频对应的应用、播放音频的播放方式以及用户确定的，具体可参见下文中的相关内容。
音量调整模块可以将电子设备基于输出声音等级调整下行信号的播放音量。其中，声音等级用于调整音频的播放音量；电子设备可以按照不同的声音等级播放音频，电子设备按照不同的声音等级播放音频时音频的播放音量不同，具体可参见图16中的相关描述。
其中，目标模型可以是听力水平测试模块基于用户的听力水平从若干个预置模型中确定的一个预置模型；目标模型也可以播放音频对应的应用对应的预置模型。听力水平测试模块用于测试用户的听力水平，用户的听力水平对应的预置模型即为目标模型。自学习模块用于基于用户的使用数据对目标模型进行训练，以更新目标模型，使该目标模型的输出结果更符合用户的使用习惯。
接下来，介绍预置模型的原理。
请参见图8，图8示例性示出了K个预置模型跟听力水平的对应关系，其中，K为正整数。如图8所示，听力水平测试模块可以将用户的听力水平分为K个听力水平，分别为听力水平1、听力水平2至听力水平K。每一个听力水平与一个预置模型相对应，例如，听力水平1对应的预置模型为预置模型1，听力水平2对应的预置模型为预置模型2，听力水平K对应的预置模型为预置模型K。例如，听力水平1为年龄段1的听力水平，则预置模型1为可以输出满足年龄段1的听力需求的模型；听力水平2为年龄段2的听力水平，则预置模型2为可以输出满足年龄段2的听力需求的模型。
需要说明的是，由于每一个预置模型可以是基于该听力水平对应的用户训练集训练得到的，因此，预置模块可以满足其对应的用户的听力需求。
其中，用户训练集包括多个特征向量和每一个特征向量对应的目标声音等级，每一个特征向量是基于上行信号和噪音信号的差异得到的。其中，该目标声音等级可以为用户的舒适声音等级或用户能听清的最低声音等级。例如，电子设备按照第一声音等级播放音频，用户认为该音频的播放音量舒适，则第一声音等级为用户的舒适声音等级；电子设备按照第一声音等级播放音频，用户觉得该音频的播放音量 为其能听清的最低音量，则第一声音等级为用户能听清的最低声音等级。
可以理解的，若目标声音等级为舒适声音等级，则基于该目标声音等级训练的预置模型的输出声音等级为用户的舒适声音等级。若目标声音等级为用户能听清的最低声音等级，则基于该目标声音等级训练的预置模型的输出声音等级为用户能听清的最低声音等级或较低的声音等级。
以下示例性以舒适声音等级为例介绍用户训练集的获取过程。
首先，可以采集若干人在不同场景下的舒适声音等级以及对应该音量的下行信号和噪音信号。这里所述的场景维度包括环境噪声的大小、类型、播放不同的音源等等。进而，基于下行信号和噪音信号，计算每一个舒适声音等级对应的特征向量，那么，一个舒适声音等级和该舒适声音等级对应的特征向量可以作为用户训练集的一条训练数据，该舒适声音等级即为上述目标声音等级，从而得到用户训练集。需要说明的是，为避免音量的短时波动，还可以对前后两帧语音的舒适声音等级进行平滑处理。
需要说明的是，不同听力水平对应的用户训练集可以基于不同听力水平的用户数据得到的。例如年龄段1的听力水平为听力水平1，则听力水平1对应的用户训练集即是基于年龄段1的舒适声音等级以及对应该音量的下行信号和噪音信号得到的；又例如年龄段2的听力水平为听力水平2，则听力水平2对应的用户训练集即是基于年龄段2的舒适声音等级以及对应该音量的下行信号和噪音信号得到的。
以下示例性以预置模型1为例，介绍预置模型的训练过程。
请参见图9，电子设备可以先获取听力水平1的用户训练集，该用户训练集可以包括多条训练数据，例如多条训练数据包括第j条训练数据，第j条训练数据包括第j帧下行信号的输入数据和目标声音等级。电子设备可以基于每一条训练数据对初始预置模型进行训练，在损失满足预设条件时结束训练，得到预置模型1。
请参见图10，图10以第j条训练数据为例介绍一次训练过程。第j条训练数据包括第j帧下行信号的输入数据和目标声音等级a，其中，第j帧下行信号的输入数据可以包括第j帧下行信号前若干时刻听筒的声音等级和第j帧下行信号的特征向量，第j帧下行信号的特征向量是基于第j帧下行信号和第j帧噪音信号的差异得到的。电子设备将第j条训练数据输入初始预置模型，得到输出声音等级b；电子设备将目标声音等级a和输出声音等级b进行对比，得到目标声音等级a和输出声音等级b的损失；将该损失反馈值初始预置模型。
需要说明的是，在其他一些实施例中，第j帧下行信号的输入数据也可以不包括第j帧下行信号前若干时刻听筒的声音等级。本申请实施例中，输入数据包括前若干时刻听筒的声音等级是为了音量变化平滑，避免突然音量增大过多或降低太多的情况。
可以理解的，上述预置模型只是对用户的音量使用习惯大数据的平均值建模；本申请实施例提供的音量调节方法考虑到实际用户个体之间听力水平和听音习惯差异较大，根据每个用户的使用历史，自适应学习和更新上述预置模型，以达到用户使用越多，音量调节越准的效果，从而满足每个用户个性化的需求。
具体地，电子设备可以在用户实际使用过程中，记录用户每次手动调节音量时的特征向量、调节后的声音等级和调节前若干个时刻的声音等级，其中，特征向量为用户手动调节音量时采集的下行信号和噪音信号的差异；电子设备可以将特征向量、调节后的声音等级和调节前若干个时刻的声音等级作为一条训练数据，存储在自学习训练集中，其中，特征向量和调节前若干个时刻的声音等级为输入数据，调节后的声音等级为目标声音等级。进而，电子设备可以在该自学习训练集中训练数据条数满足预设数量时，在合适的时机(例如夜间时)基于该自学习训练集对目标模型进行训练。例如，电子设备在用户点击图12A所示的用户界面21中的同意控件212时，在用户每次通话过程中，检测用户在通话过程中的音量调节操作，在用户进行音量调节操作时，将该此时的下行信号和噪音信号得到的特征向量、用户调节后的声音等级和调节前若干个时刻的声音等级保存作为一条训练数据。
在另一种实现中，电子设备也可以将目标模型和自学习训练集发送至服务器，由服务器利用该自学习训练集对目标模型进行训练；服务器再将训练后的目标模型发送至电子设备。
在一些实施例中，电子设备上不同的应用可以对应不同的预置模型，例如应用1对应的预置模型为模型1、模型2和模型3，应用2对应的预置模型为模型4、模型5和模型6；进而，电子设备可以基于用户的听力水平从应用对应的预置模型中确定应用对应的目标模型；基于该目标模型对该应用播放的音频 进行音量调节。其中，模型1、模型2和模型3是基于不同听力水平的用户使用应用1时的用户数据训练得到的，模型4、模型5和模型6是基于不同听力水平的用户使用应用2时的用户数据训练得到的，训练过程可以参见上文中的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
其中，应用1可以为通话类应用，该应用具备通话功能，用户可通过该软件与其他用户进行视频通信或者语音通信，例如手机系统自带的通话应用或者畅连等；应用2可以为音乐类应用，该应用具备播放音频的功能，例如手机系统自带的音频软件或华为音乐、华为视频等。可以理解的，一般情况下，用户对通话类应用的保密要求较高，会将通话类应用的下行信号的音量调整的较小，因此，在相同环境下，通话类应用的目标模型输出的声音等级低于音乐类应用输出的声音等级。
在一种实现中，电子设备中的听力测试结果可以用于多个应用，即一个听力水平可以分别对应不同应用的预置模型。例如电子设备在确定用户A的听力水平为听力水平1时，可以确定应用1对应的目标模型为模型1，应用2对应的目标模型为3。
在另一种实现中，电子设备可以针对不同的应用配置有不同的听力水平测试。例如，应用1对应的听力测试为听力测试1，应用2对应的听力测试为听力测试2，假设用户A在听力测试1的测试结果为听力水平3，在听力测试2的测试结果为听力水平2，其中，听力水平3对应的目标模型为模型3，听力水平2对应的目标模型为模型5，则应用1对应的目标模型为模型3，应用2对应的目标模型为模型5。
本申请实施例提供的音量调节方法可以应用于多种场景，例如通话场景，如用户通过手机或眼镜接听来电；或者听歌场景，如用户佩戴眼镜听歌等，此处不做限制。
以下以电子设备为手机，用户通过手机接听来电的场景为例，对本申请实施例提供的音量调节方法进行详细介绍。
请参见图11，图11是本申请提供的一种音量调节方法的整体流程示意图。该方法可以包括以下步骤：
步骤S101:电子设备响应于开始听力测试的用户操作，按照不同音量播放预设音频。
其中，音量可以为播放音量或声音等级；每一个音量与一个预设的听力水平相对应。例如电子设备分别按照5分贝、15分贝、25分贝和35分贝的播放音量播放预设音频，每一个播放音量对应一个听力水平。又例如电子设备按照不同的预设声音等级播放预设音频，如电子设备包括10个声音等级，预设声音等级为10个声音等级中的5个声音等级，5个音频分别与5个听力水平相对应。其中，声音等级越高时听筒播放的音频的响度越大。
在一些实施例中，电子设备的系统设置可以包括通话防漏音功能选项；因此，用户可以通过针对该通话防漏音功能选项的用户操作开启通话防漏音功能，相应的，电子设备在检测到该用户操作时，响应于该用户操作，按照不同音量播放预设音频。其中，预设音频可以为一段新闻或音乐等，此处不作限定。
在一种实现中，电子设备可以按照从低到高的音量播放同一内容的预设音频。需要说明的是，电子设备如果按照从高到低的音量播放同一内容的预设音频，用户由于在高音量播放预设音频时已经听清音频内容，该方法会对用户判断低音量是否能够听清音频内容的准确性造成影响。
请参见图12A至图12F，图12A至图12F为本申请实施例示例性示出的用户在电子设备进行听力测试时的一些界面图。
图12A示例性示出了电子设备的系统设置中的一个用户界面21，该用户界面21包括防漏音开关211和同意控件212。该防漏音开关211用于开启通话防漏音功能，防漏音开关211下面显示有提示信息“为了匹配您的最近听力曲线，开启此功能需要先进行听力水平测试”；同意控件212用于获取用户的音量使用信息，该音量使用信息用于对目标模型的训练。
如图12A所示，电子设备在检测到用户针对防漏音开关211的用户操作时，响应于该用户操作，电子设备可以显示如图12B所示的用户界面22。该用户界面22显示有提示信息“即将按照音量1播放预设语音，请保持日常通话姿势收听听筒播放的语音，并在语音播放结束后确定是否采用该音量”。其中，音量1可以为最低音量。可以理解的，用户在看到用户界面22的提示信息后可以将手机放置耳边，等待语音播放。
进而，电子设备在显示用户界面22的若干秒后可以按照音量1开始播放预设音频；在播放结束后，电子设备可以显示如图12C所示的用户界面23，该用户界面23可以包括满意控件231和不满意控件232。其中，满意控件231用于指示音量1为用户满意的音量；不满意控件232用于指示音量1为用户不满意的音量。可以理解的，用户可以在语音播放结束时，查看手机界面，在看到手机显示如图12C所示的用户 界面23时，基于语音播放过程中的用户体验，选择相应选项。
例如，用户感觉音量1声音太小，则可以点击不满意控件232，那么，电子设备在检测到用户针对不满意控件232的用户操作时，响应于该用户操作，可以显示如图12D所示的用户界面24。用户界面24显示有提示信息“即将按照音量2播放预设语音，请保持日常通话姿势收听听筒播放的语音，并在语音播放结束后确定是否采用该音量”。其中，音量2可以为比音量1音量高一个等级的音量，例如电子设备的音量分为五个等级，音量从低到高分别为音量1、音量2、音量3、音量4、音量5。
进而，电子设备在显示用户界面24的若干秒后可以按照音量2开始播放预设音频；在播放结束后，电子设备可以显示如图12E所示的用户界面25，该用户界面25可以包括满意控件251和不满意控件252。其中，满意控件251用于指示音量2为用户满意的音量；不满意控件252用于指示音量2为用户不满意的音量。
例如，用户感觉音量2符合其听力需求，则可以点击满意控件251，那么，电子设备在检测到用户针对满意控件251的用户操作时，响应于该用户操作，显示如图12F所示的用户界面26。用户界面26显示有提示信息“感谢您的配合，已完成听力测试！将基于音量2对您在通话过程中听筒音量进行智能调节，以保证您的信息安全”。
在一些实施例中，电子设备在检测到针对不满意控件的用户操作时，可以按照下一个音量播放预设音频，例如电子设备在检测到用户针对音量1的不满意控件232的用户操作时，按照音量2播放预设语音继续听力测试。电子设备在检测到针对满意控件的用户操作时，确定该满意控件指示的音量为用户满意的音量，电子设备可以结束听力测试，例如电子设备检测到用户针对音量2的满意控件251的用户操作时，确定音量2为用户满意的音量，显示如图12F所示的用户界面26，不再进行听力测试。
在另一些实施例中，电子设备在检测到针对满意控件的用户操作时，可以继续进行听力测试，完成所有音量的测试。例如所有音量包括音量1至音量5，音量1为最低音量，音量5为最高音量，电子设备可以按照所有音量播放预设，并显示类似于如图12C所示的用户界面23以供用户对每一个音量进行选择，在检测到用户完成所有音量的选择后，结束听力测试。
步骤S102:电子设备基于针对不同音量的用户操作，确定用户的听力水平。
在一些实施例中，电子设备响应于用户对某一音量的满意操作，将该音量对应的听力水平确定为用户的听力水平。例如，如图12A至图12F所示，电子设备检测到用户针对用户界面25上的满意控件251的用户操作时，将音量2确定为用户满意的音量；则电子设备可以将音量2对应的听力水平2确定为用户听力水平。
例如，若音量1至音量5依次为从低到高的播放音量，则听力较佳的用户可能会选择音量1，而听力较差的用户可能会选择音量5。其中，音量1对应的听力水平为听力最差的用户的听力水平；音量5对应的听力水平可以为听力最佳的用户的听力水平。
步骤S103:电子设备基于用户的听力水平，从多个预置模型中确定目标模型。
其中，听力水平和预置模型为一一对应的关系。如图8所示，每一个听力水平对应一个预置模型。例如，听力水平2对应的预置模型为预置模型2，则电子设备在确定用户的听力水平为听力水平2时，电子设备可以将预置模型2确定为目标模型。
例如，假设步骤S101中听力测试中包括5个音量，则电子设备可以预置有5个预置模型，5个预置模型分别对应5个音量对应的听力水平。进而，在用户选中其中一个音量时，也即是从5个预置模型中选中了目标模型。本申请实施例对电子设备听力测试的音量个数以及预置模型的个数不作限定。
可以理解的，上述不同音量用于区分用户的听力水平；用户听力水平用于确定预置模型。
步骤S104:电子设备在检测到接听来电的用户操作时，开启手机的顶部麦克风和底部麦克风，得到噪音信号和下行信号。
其中，顶部麦克风(即顶麦)和底部麦克风(底麦)的位置可以如图4所示。
在一些实施例中，电子设备在接收到来电时，可以显示通话界面；进而，电子设备在检测到接听来电的用户操作时，可以响应于该用户操作，通过听筒播放下行信号，开启手机的顶部麦克风和底部麦克风；电子设备可以将顶麦采集的信号作为下行信号，将底麦采集的信号作为噪音信号。
需要说明的是，由于顶麦和听筒的位置接近，因此，本申请实施例中将顶麦采集的信号作为采集的下行信号。
步骤S105:电子设备基于噪音信号和下行信号，得到至少一帧下行信号的特征向量。
在一些实施例中，电子设备可以计算下行信号和该帧下行信号对应的噪音信号的能量差值，将该能量差值作为该帧下行信号的特征向量。其中，该帧下行信号和该帧噪音信号分别为顶部麦克风和底部麦克风在同一时刻采集的信号；能量差值可以为该帧下行信号和该帧噪音信号在多个频段上的能量差值。
在一种实现中，电子设备可以对麦克风采集的噪声信号和下行信号，分别进行分帧、加窗处理，得到M帧噪音信号和M帧下行信号，也即是M组音频信号，其中，M为正整数，每一组音频信号包括同一时刻采集的下行信号和噪音信号；进而，电子设备分别对每组音频信号中的下行信号和噪音信号进行分子带处理，得到下行信号的N个信号子带和噪音信号的N个信号子带，其中，N为大于1的整数；进而，电子设备计算每一帧音频信号中的每一个信号子带信号对应的噪音信号和下行信号的能量差值，得到每一组音频信号对应的N维的特征向量。其中，分子带处理是将一帧信号分成频段不同的多个信号，每一个子带信号的频段不同。
假设M组音频信号中包括第i组音频信号，以下示例性以第i组音频信号为例介绍计算特征向量的过程。
请参见图13，图13是本申请实施例提供的一种对底麦采集的信号进行分帧和加窗的示意图。如图13所示，电子设备将底麦采集的信号进行分帧和加窗后，可以得到M帧噪音信号，其中，M帧噪音信号包括第i帧噪音信号，i≤M。
请参见图14，图14是本申请实施例提供的一种对顶麦采集的信号进行分帧和加窗的示意图。如图14所示，电子设备将顶麦采集的信号进行分帧和加窗后，可以得到M帧下行信号，其中，M帧下行信号包括第i帧下行信号。
进而，如图15所示，电子设备可以分别将第i帧噪音信号和第i帧下行信号分别进行分子带处理，得到第i帧噪音信号对应的N个子带信号和第i帧下行信号对应的N个子带信号。其中，第i帧噪音信号和第i帧下行信号的子带数相等，第i帧噪音信号的一个子带信号和第i帧下行信号的一个子带信号的频段相同，例如第i帧噪音信号的第一子带信号与第i帧下行信号的第一子带信号频段相同，第i帧噪音信号的第二子带信号与第i帧下行信号的第二子带信号频段相同，以此类推，第i帧噪音信号的第N子带信号与第i帧下行信号的第N子带信号频段相同。
最后，电子设备可以分别将第i帧噪音信号和第i帧下行信号相同频段的子带信号的能量进行相减，例如，将第i帧噪音信号的第一子带信号的能量减去第i帧下行信号的第一子带信号的能量得到d1，将第i帧噪音信号的第二子带信号的能量减去第i帧下行信号的第二子带信号的能量得到d2，以此类推，将第i帧噪音信号的第N子带信号的能量减去第i帧下行信号的第N子带信号的能量得到dN，从而可以得到第i帧下行信号的N维特征向量为[d1,d2,…,dN]T。其中上标T代表向量或者矩阵的转置。
步骤S106:电子设备将至少一帧下行信号的特征向量将输入目标模型，得到输出声音等级。
其中，电子设备的声音等级包括该输出声音等级；声音等级用于调整听筒的播放音量。其中，声音等级可以为下行信号的声压级，例如以分贝为单位。其中，声音等级越高，听筒的播放音量越大。例如手机音量键可以调节的音量包括10挡，即用户将手机从最低音量调整至最高音量可以按10次音量增加键；该10挡依次可以分别为声音等级1、声音等级2直至声音等级10，则输出声音等级为声音等级1至声音等级10中的一个声音等级。其中，声音等级1等级最低，播放音量最小；声音等级10等级最高，播放音量最大。
在一些实施例中，在至少一帧下行信号的特征向量为一帧下行信号的特征向量时，电子设备可以将该帧下行信号的特征向量和该帧下行信号的前若干时刻听筒的声音等级输入目标模型，得到输出声音等级。例如，至少一帧下行信号的特征向量为第i帧下行信号的特征向量为[d1,d2,…,dN]T，那么电子设备可以将第i帧下行信号的特征向量输入目标模型，得到输出声音等级。
在另一些实施例中，至少一帧下行信号的特征向量包括多帧下行信号的特征向量，则电子设备可以先从多帧下行信号的特征向量中选择一帧下行信号的特征向量，将该帧下行信号的特征向量和该帧下行信号的前若干时刻听筒的声音等级输入目标模型，得到输出声音等级。
其中，输出声音等级为电子设备预测的用户在当前环境能够听清的最低声音等级或舒适声音等级。
需要说明的是，在一些实施例中，用户听不清音量1播放的语音，听得清音量2播放的语音，用户选择音量2，相应的，电子设备将预置模型2确定为目标模型，则预置模型2的输出声音等级是用户能听清的最低声音等级。该方法中，电子设备在不同环境中采集的下行信号和噪音信号不同，输入目标模型的特征向量不同，因此目标模型输出不同的音量，该输出声音等级为用户在当前环境能听清的最低声音 等级，该方法可以保证用户通话过程中的信息安全，避免被外人听到通话内容。
在另一些实施例中，用户听得清音量1播放的语音，但是用户认为音量2听起来更舒适，更符合他的音量要求，则预置模型2的输出声音等级是用户的舒适声音等级。该方法中电子设备在不同环境中采集的下行信号和噪音信号不同，输入目标模型的特征向量不同，因此目标模型输出不同的音量，该输出声音等级为用户在当前环境用户能听清的舒适声音等级，可以提高用户通话过程中的用户体验。
步骤S107:电子设备基于输出声音等级播放下行信号。
在一些实施例中，电子设备在得到输出声音等级后，将该输出声音等级与电子设备播放下行信号的当前声音等级进行对比；在输出声音等级与当前声音等级的差值大于预设阈值时，将当前声音等级调整至输出声音等级，也即是，将当前声音等级调整至输出声音等级。
例如电子设备的声音等级包括10个等级，从低到高依次为声音等级1至声音等级10，每个声音等级的分贝差值为5分贝。假设当前声音等级为声音等级1，输出声音等级为声音等级3，预设阈值为2级声音等级，则电子设备将当前声音等级由声音等级1调整至声音等级3，也就是说，电子设备可以将下行信号的分贝值增加10分贝后通过听筒播放。
其中，同一声音等级的各个频段的下行信号的音量不同。
请参见图16，图16示例性示出了部分频段的下行信号。图16示例性示出了三个频段的下行信号，位于纵坐标上的三个三角形用于标识声音等级1时三个频段的下行信号的声压级；位于纵坐标上的三个圆形用于标识声音等级1时三个频段的下行信号的声压级。如图16所示，图16示例性的示出了三个频段的下行信号在同一声音等级时音量不同。
如图16所示，电子设备将当前声音等级由声音等级1调整至声音等级3后，其中，声音等级3的等级高于声音等级1的等级；假设每一个声音等级相差5分贝，则当前声音等级由声音等级1调整至声音等级3时每一个频段的下行信号的播放音量均增高10分贝。可以理解的，若该电子设备为手机，该手机的音量键可以调节的音量为10挡，则手机自动将当前声音等级由声音等级1调整至声音等级3，与用户手动连按两下音量增加键的效果相同。
需要说明的是，电子设备的声音等级还可以为10个或15个，此处不作限定。
在另一些实施例中，电子设备可以在基于预设时长内的多个输出声音等级与当前声音等级的差值均大于预设阈值时，才将当前声音等级调整至输出声音等级。可以理解的，该方法可以避免数据波动导致音量频繁调节带来的负面影响。
需要说明的是，电子设备针对不同听力水平的用户时，按照同一声音等级播放同一下行信号时播放音量可以不同。例如听力水平1的用户使用电子设备时，电子设备通过声音等级1播放频段A的下行信号，此时该下行信号的播放音量为音量1；听力水平2的用户使用电子设备时，电子设备通过声音等级1播放频段A的下行信号，此时该下行信号的播放音量为音量2；音量1的分贝值不等于音量2的分贝值。
以下示例性介绍几个应用场景。
(一)同一用户使用同一电子设备在不同环境中通话。
假设用户A通过如上文所述的听力水平测试，在电子设备上选择了自己能听清的最低音量作为满意音量，该满意音量对应的预置模型即为目标模型。那么，该目标模型用于在不同环境下输出用户A能听清的最低声音等级，该电子设备可以在不同环境中调节听筒播放音量为用户能听清的最低音量。
当用户A在不同环境中进行通话时，由于环境中的噪音信号的大小不同，电子设备在不同场景下得到的特征向量不同，电子设备将不同的特征向量将输入目标模型，得到输出声音等级也不同。
请参见图17，图17为本申请实施例提供的一种输出声音等级随着环境变化的示意图。
如图17中的(A)所示，假设用户A位于嘈杂环境中通过电子设备进行通话时，例如食堂或路上等环境，此时分贝值最高的噪音信号为第一噪音信号，第一噪音信号的音量为噪音音量1，则电子设备可以基于目标模型得到声音等级1，声音等级1具体用于调整各个频段的下行信号的播放音量(分贝值)。图17中示例性的以频段A的下行信号为例进行说明，在电子设备调节听筒的声音等级为声音等级1后，频段A的下行信号的播放音量为播放音量1。可见，播放音量1的分贝值大于此时第一噪音信号造成的掩蔽阈值。
如图17中的(B)所示，假设用户A位于安静环境中通过电子设备进行通话时，例如会议室等环境，此时分贝值最高的噪音信号为第二噪音信号，第二噪音信号的音量为噪音音量2，则电子设备可以基于目 标模型得到声音等级2，声音等级2具体用于调整各个频段的下行信号的播放音量。图17中示例性的以频段A的下行信号为例进行说明，在电子设备调节听筒的声音等级为声音等级1后，频段A的下行信号的播放音量为播放音量2。可见，播放音量2的分贝值大于此时第二噪音信号造成的掩蔽阈值。
对比图17中的(A)和(B)可见，第二噪音信号的噪音音量2比第一噪音信号的噪音音量1小了a分贝，播放音量2比播放音量1小了b分贝；播放音量1和播放音量2均高于当时环境下的掩蔽阈值。可见，在用户A在较安静的环境时基于目标模型得到的播放音量比在较嘈杂的环境时基于目标模型的得到的播放音量低，也就是说，电子设备可以基于目标模型，在较安静环境时调低下行信号的播放音量，在较嘈杂环境时调高下行信号的播放音量，且保持下行信号的播放音量一直高于掩蔽阈值，使得下行信号的播放音量在任何环境下均为用户可听清的最低音量。
(二)不同用户使用不同电子设备在同一环境中通话。
假设用户A为年龄段1，用户A通过如上文所述的听力水平测试，选择了自己能听清的最低音量(如音量3)作为满意音量，该满意音量对应的预置模型为预置模型3；用户B为年龄段2，用户B通过如上文所述的听力水平测试，选择了自己能听清的最低声音等级(如音量1)作为满意音量，该满意音量对应的预置模型为预置模型1。其中，音量3大于音量1。
图18中示例性示出了以频段A的下行信号，如图18所示，当用户A和用户B位于同一环境进行通话时，用户A的电子设备基于预置模型3得到的播放音量的分贝值大于用户B基于预置模型1得到的播放音量的分贝值；用户A的电子设备的播放音量和用户B的电子设备的播放音量均大于掩蔽阈值。
可见，用户可以基于听力水平测试选择满足自身听力需求的预置模型，相应的，电子设备可以基于用户选择的预置模型得到满足用户听力需求的声音等级，将下行信号的播放音量调整至声音等级对应的播放音量，以满足不同人群的听力需求。
(三)用户使用同一电子设备在噪音差距较大的两个环境中通话。
在一些实施例中，电子设备可以在用户分别处于在噪音差距较大的两个环境中时，通过目标模型缓慢调节音量。其中，目标模型可以参见上文中的说明，此处不再赘述。
需要说明的是，以下以通话过程为例进行说明，其他场景例如播放音乐等场景同样适用。
例如，用户在通话过程中，由安静环境移动至嘈杂环境，电子设备可以缓慢升高听筒播放下行信号的声音等级，直至将听筒的声音等级升高至嘈杂环境时对应的声音等级；又例如，用户在通话过程中，由嘈杂环境移动至安静环境，电子设备可以缓慢降低听筒播放下行信号的声音等级，直至将听筒的声音等级降低至安静环境时对应的声音等级。
请参见图19，图19示例性示出了用户通话过程中的音量调节过程。图19所示的用户界面31、用户界面32和用户界面33分别为用户与鲍勃(Bob)通话过程中用户的电子设备上显示的界面图。其中，用户界面31为通话00:07时的用户界面，用户界面32为通话00:09时的用户界面，用户界面33为通话00:11时的用户界面。
由于用户在通话00:07时处于安静环境，因此，电子设备基于该环境下采集的下行信号、噪音信号，通过目标模型可以得到声音等级2。由用户界面31可见，电子设备在用户在通话00:07时通过声音等级2播放下行信号。
用户在通话00:07后环境变得嘈杂，例如用户移动位置或者当前环境开始播放音乐等情况，电子设备基于嘈杂环境下采集的下行信号和噪音信号，通过目标模型得到声音等级4。电子设备可以在通话00:09时先将听筒的播放声音等级调节至声音等级3，如用户界面32所示；进而，再在通话00:11时将听筒的播放声音等级调节至声音等级4，如用户界面33所示。可以理解的，该方法可以避免突然调节多个等级的音量时用户听觉感到不适的情况。
需要说明的是，用户界面31至用户界面33仅为本申请实施例提供的一种示例性界面，其目的仅是为了清楚的展示当前界面的声音等级，不应造成对本申请实施例的限制；电子设备在实际调节音量的过程，也可以不显示如图19中用户界面31至用户界面33中的音量调节部分，也就是说，电子设备可以在自动调节音量时不显示听筒的声音等级。
(四)用户在同一电子设备操作不同的应用。
在一些实施例中，电子设备上不同的应用可以对应不同的目标模型；进而，电子设备可以基于应用对应的目标模型，对该应用播放的音频进行音量调节。例如，电子设备上安装有通话应用和音乐应用；其中，通话应用对应第一目标模型，音乐应用对应第二目标模型，那么，用户在同一环境中使用通话应 用进行通话，通话时通话对方声音的播放音量是基于第一目标模型得到的，而使用音乐应用进行播放时，音乐应用播放的歌曲音量是基于第二目标模型得到的，上述通话对方声音的播放音量和上述歌曲音量可以是不同音量。
请参见图20，图20示例性示出了用户通过同一电子设备使用不同应用时电子设备调节的声音等级。以下示例性以通话应用和音乐应用为例，假设通话应用对应的第一目标应用为用户能听清的最低音量对应的预设模型；音乐应用对应的第二目标应用为用户最舒适的音量对应的预设模型。可以理解的，该用户可能认为通话内容的保密性高于音乐，因此希望通话时的音量尽可能的小。
如图20所示，电子设备基于采集的下行信号和噪音信号，通过第一目标应用得到的听筒播放音量的声音等级为声音等级3，即如用户界面41所示，电子设备通过声音等级3播放通话对方Bob的声音；在与用户界面41同一环境条件下，电子设备基于采集的下行信号和噪音信号，通过第二目标应用得到的播放歌曲音量的声音等级为声音等级4，即如用户界面42所示，电子设备通过声音等级4播放音乐应用中的歌曲。也就是说，用户使用电子设备在同一环境下通过不同的应用播放音频时，听到的音频的音量大小是不同的，例如在同一环境下通话时听到的听筒播放的对方声音比同一环境下使用音乐应用听到的耳机的音乐的音量小。
需要说明的是，用户界面41至用户界面41仅为本申请实施例提供的一种示例性界面，其目的仅是为了清楚的展示当前界面的声音等级，不应造成对本申请实施例的限制。也就是说，电子设备在实际调节音量的过程，也可以不显示如图20中用户界面41至用户界面42中的音量调节部分，即电子设备可以在自动调节音量时不显示声音等级。
(五)电子设备可以基于用户习惯调整目标模型。
在一些实施例中，电子设备可以在用户实际使用过程中，记录用户每次手动调节音量时的用户数据，例如该数据可以包括特征向量、调节后的声音等级和调节前若干个时刻的声音等级等；进而，电子设备基于上述用户数据作为训练数据对目标模型进行训练，以使该目标模型符合用户习惯。
以下以通话过程为例进行说明。假设电子设备通过目标模型在用户通话过程中自动调节音量，但是用户多次都手动将该声音等级调低。
图21示例性示出了2022年8月1日时在第一环境条件下用户通过电子设备与Bob进行通话的部分应用界面。如图21所示，用户界面51示例性示出了电子设备在第一环境条件下通过目标模型调节后的声音等级4；由于用户觉得该音量较大，因此如用户界面52所示，用户通过手动按压音量键中的音量降低(-)键，电子设备响应于该用户操作，将听筒播放下行信号的音量调节至声音等级3。
电子设备可以将图21所示的场景对应的用户数据，如当时确定的特征向量以及调节后的声音等级和调节前若干个时刻的声音等级等确定一条训练数据，基于该条训练数据对目标模型进行训练。
假设电子设备在2022年8月1日至2022年8月5日之间基于至少一条训练数据对目标模型进行训练，得到训练后的目标模型。在2022年8月5日时，用户又在第一环境条件下通过该电子设备与Bob进行通话，电子设备基于训练后的目标模型可以得到声音等级3。如图22所示，电子设备在用户与Bob通话00:02秒时已经将听筒的播放音量调整至声音等级3。因此，用户可以不需要手动调节音量。可以理解的，用户可以基于使用经验，发现自己手动调节音量的次数逐渐减少，电子设备播放的音量越来越符合自己的使用习惯。
需要说明的是，上述五个应用场景可以任意组合或单独出现在使用本申请实施例的音量调节方法的电子设备的使用过程中，此处不做限定。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电子设备，电子设备包括一个或多个处理器和一个或多个存储器；其中，一个或多个存储器与一个或多个处理器耦合，一个或多个存储器用于存储计算机程序代码，计算机程序代码包括计算机指令，当一个或多个处理器执行计算机指令时，使得电子设备执行上述实施例描述的方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当计算机程序产品在电子设备上运行时，使得电子设备执行上述实施例描述的方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，当指令在电子设备上运行时，使得电子设备执行上述实施例描述的方法。
可以理解的是，本申请的各实施方式可以任意进行组合，以实现不同的技术效果。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线)或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘Solid State Disk)等。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，该流程可以由计算机程序来指令相关的硬件完成，该程序可存储于计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法实施例的流程。而前述的存储介质包括：ROM或随机存储记忆体RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可存储程序代码的介质。
总之，以上所述仅为本申请技术方案的实施例而已，并非用于限定本申请的保护范围。凡根据本申请的揭露，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种音量调节方法，其特征在于，应用于电子设备，所述电子设备包括发声装置和至少一个麦克风，所述方法包括：
    所述电子设备响应于开始听力测试的用户操作，分别通过多个音量播放预设音频；所述多个音量包括第一音量；
    所述电子设备基于针对所述第一音量的确定操作，确定用户的听力水平为所述第一音量对应的第一听力水平；
    所述电子设备在通过所述发声装置播放下行信号时，通过所述至少一个麦克风采集下行信号和环境噪音信号；
    所述电子设备在采集的下行信号和采集的环境噪音信号中的至少一个改变时，基于所述第一听力水平将所述发声装置的播放音量由第一声音等级调节为第二声音等级。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一音量越大，所述第二声音等级的等级越高。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一音量为所述用户在当前环境中的舒适音量或者能够听清的最低音量。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，改变后的环境噪音信号的能量越大，所述第二声音等级的等级越高。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电子设备在下行信号和环境噪音信号中的至少一个改变时，将所述发声装置的播放音量由第一声音等级调节为第二声音等级，包括：
    所述电子设备在所述第一声音等级与所述第二声音等级相差第一预设等级数时，将所述发声装置的播放音量调整为所述第二声音等级。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电子设备在下行信号和环境噪音信号中的至少一个改变时，将所述发声装置的播放音量由第一声音等级调节为第二声音等级，包括：
    所述电子设备在所述第一声音等级与所述第二声音等级相差第二预设等级数时，将所述发声装置的播放音量调整为第三声音等级；所述第三声音等级高于所述第一声音等级且低于所述第二声音等级。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述电子设备响应于针对第一应用的用户操作，在第一环境条件下通过所述发声装置按照第二音量播放所述第一应用对应的下行信号；
    所述电子设备响应于针对第二应用的用户操作，在所述第一环境条件下通过所述发声装置按照第三音量播放所述第二应用对应的下行信号；
    所述第二音量不等于所述第三音量。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一应用为通话类应用，所述第二应用为音乐类应用，所述第二音量大于所述第三音量。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述电子设备将所述第一听力水平对应的预置模型确定为目标模型；所述目标模型为通过符合所述第一听力水平的用户的用户数据训练得到的；所述用户数据包括所述第一听力水平的用户在第二环境条件下的目标声音等级，以及所述第二环境条件下采集的下行信号和环境噪音信号的能量差值；
    所述电子设备将改变后的下行信号和所述改变后的环境噪音信号的能量差值输入所述目标模型，得到所述第二声音等级。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，所述改变后的下行信号包括N个第一子带信号，所述改变后的环境噪音信号包括所述N个第二子带信号，所述N为正整数；所述N个第一子带信号与所述N个第二子带信号一一对应；相互对应的第一子带信号和第二子带信号组成一组信号；
    所述改变后的下行信号和所述改变后的环境噪音信号的能量差值包括所述N组信号的能量差值。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户数据还包括所述目标声音等级前若干时刻的发声装置播放音量；所述电子设备将所述改变后的下行信号和所述改变后的环境噪音信号的能量差值输入所述目标模型，得到所述第二声音等级，包括：
    所述电子设备将所述改变后的下行信号和所述改变后的环境噪音信号的能量差值和所述前若干时刻的发声装置播放音量输入所述目标模型，得到所述第二声音等级。
  12. 根据权利要求9-11所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述将所述发声装置的播放音量调整为所述第二声音等级之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述电子设备响应于用户调节音量键的操作，将所述发声装置的播放音量调整为目标声音等级；
    所述电子设备存储所述改变后的下行信号和所述改变后的环境噪音信号的能量差值和所述目标声音等级；
    所述电子设备以所述改变后的下行信号和所述改变后的环境噪音信号的能量差值和所述目标声音等级为样本数据训练所述目标模型。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个麦克风包括第一麦克风和第二麦克风，所述第一麦克风与所述发声装置的距离小于所述第二麦克风与所述发声装置的距离，所述第一麦克风用于采集下行信号，所述第二麦克风用于采集环境噪音信号。
  14. 一种音量调节装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括处理模块、发声装置和至少一个麦克风：
    所述发声装置，用于分别通过多个音量播放预设音频；所述多个音量包括第一音量；
    所述处理模块，用于基于针对所述第一音量的确定操作，确定用户的听力水平为所述第一音量对应的第一听力水平；
    所述至少一个麦克风用于，在所述发声装置播放下行信号时采集下行信号和环境噪音信号；
    所述发声装置，用于在采集的下行信号和采集的环境噪音信号中的至少一个改变时，基于所述第一听力水平将播放音量由第一声音等级调节为第二声音等级。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一音量越大，所述第二声音等级的等级越高。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一音量为所述用户在当前环境中能够听清的最低音量或者舒适音量。
  17. 根据权利要求14-16任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，改变后的环境噪音信号的能量越大，所述第二声音等级的等级越高。
  18. 根据权利要求14-17任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述发声装置，具体用于在所述第一声音等级与所述第二声音等级相差第一预设等级数时通过所述第二声音等级播放下行信号。
  19. 根据权利要求14-18任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述发声装置，具体用于在所述第一声音等级与所述第二声音等级相差第二预设等级数时，通过所述第三声音等级播放下行信号；所述第三声音等级高于所述第一声音等级且低于所述第二声音等级。
  20. 根据权利要求14-19任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述发声装置用于在第一环境条件下通过按照第二音量播放所述第一应用对应的下行信号；
    所述发声装置用于在所述第一环境条件下按照第三音量播放所述第二应用对应的下行信号；所述第二音量不等于所述第三音量。
  21. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括一个或多个处理器和一个或多个存储器；其中，所述一个或多个存储器与所述一个或多个处理器耦合，所述一个或多个存储器用于存储计算机程序代码，所述计算机程序代码包括计算机指令，当所述一个或多个处理器执行所述计算机指令时，使得所述电子设备执行如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的方法。
  22. 一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，其特征在于，当所述指令在电子设备上运行时，使得所述电子设备执行如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的方法。
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