WO2024061320A1 - 带有冷却模块的连接器 - Google Patents

带有冷却模块的连接器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024061320A1
WO2024061320A1 PCT/CN2023/120415 CN2023120415W WO2024061320A1 WO 2024061320 A1 WO2024061320 A1 WO 2024061320A1 CN 2023120415 W CN2023120415 W CN 2023120415W WO 2024061320 A1 WO2024061320 A1 WO 2024061320A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phase change
connector
cooling
cooling module
change material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/120415
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王超
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Changchun Jetty Automotive Parts Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Changchun Jetty Automotive Parts Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Changchun Jetty Automotive Parts Co Ltd filed Critical Changchun Jetty Automotive Parts Co Ltd
Priority to US19/113,280 priority Critical patent/US20260109245A1/en
Priority to EP23867605.0A priority patent/EP4593539A4/en
Publication of WO2024061320A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024061320A1/zh
Priority to MX2025003020A priority patent/MX2025003020A/es
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/302—Cooling of charging equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2039—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating characterised by the heat transfer by conduction from the heat generating element to a dissipating body
    • H05K7/20409—Outer radiating structures on heat dissipating housings, e.g. fins integrated with the housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2039—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating characterised by the heat transfer by conduction from the heat generating element to a dissipating body
    • H05K7/20436—Inner thermal coupling elements in heat dissipating housings, e.g. protrusions or depressions integrally formed in the housing
    • H05K7/20445—Inner thermal coupling elements in heat dissipating housings, e.g. protrusions or depressions integrally formed in the housing the coupling element being an additional piece, e.g. thermal standoff
    • H05K7/20472—Sheet interfaces
    • H05K7/20481—Sheet interfaces characterised by the material composition exhibiting specific thermal properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/46—Bases; Cases
    • H01R13/533—Bases, cases made for use in extreme conditions, e.g. high temperature, radiation, vibration, corrosive environment, pressure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2201/00—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
    • H01R2201/26—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of connectors, and in particular, to a connector with a cooling module.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a connector with a cooling module in which a phase change material unit is arranged.
  • the phase change material unit absorbs the heat generated by the connector during operation through phase change.
  • the phase change material unit The material unit releases heat through phase change to achieve cooling.
  • a connector with a cooling module includes a connector housing and a cooling module.
  • An electrical connection device is provided in the connector housing.
  • the cooling module includes a cooling module that can absorb heat through phase change or A phase change material unit that releases heat through phase change.
  • the phase change material unit is arranged in the connector housing; when the connector with the cooling module is running, the phase change material unit absorbs the electrical connection device through phase change. The heat generated; after the connector with the cooling module stops operating, the phase change material unit releases heat through phase change.
  • the connector with cooling module of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • a cooling module composed of a phase change material unit is provided in the connector housing.
  • the cooling module absorbs the heat generated by the connector during operation through the phase change material. After the connector heats up, it cools The module transfers heat through phase change materials to achieve cooling;
  • the heat released by the phase change of the phase change material unit is quickly dissipated to the outside of the connector housing through the heat dissipation structure.
  • the heat dissipation structure can adopt a variety of methods, and the heat dissipation method is flexible; the heat released by the phase change of the phase change material unit can be dissipated to the outside of the connector housing as quickly as possible through cooling fins, cooling channels and/or thermal conductive polymers, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the heat dissipation efficiency.
  • Figure 1 is an isometric view of the connector with a cooling module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a front view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention with the back cover removed.
  • Figure 3 is an isometric view of the second embodiment of the connector with a cooling module of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 Isometric view of the back cover of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a side view of the back cover of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of A-A in Figure 5.
  • Figure 7 is an isometric view of the connector with a cooling module according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, with the back cover removed.
  • Figure 8 is a front view of the connector with a cooling module according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, with the back cover removed.
  • Figure 9 is the B-B cross-sectional view in Figure 8.
  • it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be an internal connection between two elements. It can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium.
  • the above terms can be understood according to the specific situation. specific meaning.
  • the terms “vertical”, “horizontal”, “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right” and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation manner.
  • the present invention provides a connector 100 with a cooling module, including a connector housing 1 and a cooling module.
  • An electrical connection device 2 is arranged in the connector housing 1.
  • the number of the electrical connection devices 2 is one or more. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the number of the electrical connection devices 2 is two.
  • the electrical connection device 2 is a current or data transmission device that can be connected to at least one current transmission source or pulse transmission source, is placed in a transmission device housing and has a contact element.
  • the electrical connection device 2 uses a terminal, and the terminal uses a row terminal or a cable terminal.
  • the material of the terminal can be a soft material or a hard material, and the specific model is determined according to actual use requirements.
  • the cooling module includes a phase change material unit 5 that can absorb heat through phase change or release heat through phase change.
  • the phase change material unit 5 is arranged in the connector housing 1; when the connector 100 with the cooling module is running, the phase change material unit passes through The phase change absorbs the heat generated by the electrical connection device 2 (when the connector 100 with the cooling module is running, the electrical connection device 2 is connected to the corresponding circuit and generates heat); after the connector 100 with the cooling module stops running, the phase change Variable material units release heat better through phase changes.
  • a phase change material unit 5 is filled inside the connector housing 1, and the phase change material unit fills the internal gap of the connector housing;
  • the phase change material unit may be a solid-liquid phase change material, such as a Organic matter mixed with alkanes, this solid-liquid phase change material has a phase change temperature of 36°C, latent heat of 220KJ/Kg, density of 0.8Kg/m 3 , and a maximum operating temperature of 300°C. It has good insulation and no corrosiveness.
  • the volume of liquid is larger than that of solid. 10% smaller.
  • the basic principle is that when a temperature change occurs, the phase change material will change from one state to another. During the change between different phases, the phase change material will absorb and release a large amount of heat.
  • This process is a reversible process. , so the material can be reused many times and has the advantages of large latent heat of phase change, wide phase change temperature range, and low cost.
  • the temperature is low, the internal energy of the phase change material is low, the constraints between molecules are large, and the range of movement in the free state is also extremely small, showing a solid state. It is an ordered structure with the lowest potential energy. In this state, the interaction between molecules is the strongest, and the positions of the molecules are firmly bound.
  • the phase change material absorbs a large amount of heat, the internal energy of the material increases, the constraints between molecules are relaxed, and the range of activities in the free state is greatly increased, because the molecular motion is violent enough, causing some molecules to always stay restless.
  • the phase change material unit may also be a solid-solid phase change material, or a solid-liquid or solid-solid mixed phase change material.
  • a cooling module composed of a phase change material unit is provided in the connector housing.
  • the cooling module absorbs the heat generated by the connector during operation through the phase change material. After the connector heats up, it cools The module transfers heat through phase change materials to achieve cooling.
  • the connector 100 with the cooling module also includes a heat dissipation structure, and the heat released by the phase change of the phase change material unit is quickly dissipated to the outside of the connector housing through the heat dissipation structure.
  • the heat dissipation structure can be provided with cooling fins on the connector housing, or with cooling channels provided in the connector housing, or with thermally conductive polymers provided on the connector housing, or with A mixture of the above three.
  • the phase change material unit generally uses solid-solid phase change material; as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the heat dissipation The structure includes a first cooling fin group 31 disposed on the outer wall of the connector housing 1.
  • the first cooling fin group 31 may include a plurality of metal cooling fins or non-metal cooling fins. The heat released by the phase change material unit through phase change accelerates heat dissipation through the first cooling fin group 31 to achieve the purpose of cooling.
  • Metal cooling fins can be made of aluminum alloy, and non-metal cooling fins can be made of thermally conductive plastics. They use general plastics or engineering plastics as the base material, add high thermal conductivity composite materials to the plastic base material, blend and compound, and modify it through heat conduction. new high-performance plastics.
  • the main matrix materials are: PPS, PA6/PA66, LCP, TPE, PC, PP, PPA, PEEK, etc.
  • the main fillers are: AlN, SiC, Al2O3, Mg(OH)2, graphite, etc.
  • Thermal conductive plastics have several major advantages: 1. Insulation and flame retardant, high reliability; 2. Easy processing and molding, good mass production; 3. No secondary processing required, more green and environmentally friendly; 4. Light weight, with a density of about that of aluminum of two-thirds.
  • the shell 1 can be made of aluminum alloy or thermally conductive plastic.
  • the cooling fins and the shell can be integrally processed or bonded.
  • Aluminum alloy casting or thermally conductive plastic can be integrally injection molded. If the cooling fins are made of metal, they can also be injection molded in a pre-embedded manner. .
  • the shell 1 and the cooling fins can be made of two-color injection molding.
  • the shell 1 is made of ordinary plastic and the cooling fins are made of thermally conductive plastic to reduce processing costs.
  • one side of the connector housing 1 is provided with an opening, and the opening is detachably connected to the back cover 11, and the outside of the back cover 11
  • a second cooling fin group 32 is provided, and the second cooling fin group 32 includes a plurality of metal cooling fins or non-metal cooling fins.
  • the second cooling fin set 32 can be made of the same material as the first cooling fin set 31 .
  • the metal cooling fins can be made of aluminum alloy, and the non-metal cooling fins can be made of thermally conductive plastic.
  • the second cooling fin group 32 and the first cooling fin group 31 jointly dissipate heat, further improving the heat dissipation effect and facilitating faster heat dissipation of the connector.
  • the phase change material unit generally uses solid-solid phase change material or Solid-liquid phase change materials can also be solid-liquid and solid-solid mixed phase change materials;
  • the heat dissipation structure includes a first cooling channel 12 disposed in the rear cover 11, and an inlet 121 and an outlet 122 of the first cooling channel are both located outside the rear cover 11.
  • the first cooling channel 12 can be a liquid cooling channel or an air cooling channel.
  • a third cooling fin group 33 can be set on the inner side of the rear cover 11 to better conduct heat.
  • the third cooling fin group 33 includes a plurality of metal cooling fins.
  • the heat is conducted to the phase change material unit (solid-liquid phase change material, etc.) through the electrical connection device 2.
  • the phase change material unit absorbs the heat and undergoes phase change.
  • the heat is conducted to the rear cover 11 through the third cooling fin group 33 on the inner side of the rear cover.
  • the heat is released through the first cooling channel 12 in the rear cover 11 and the second cooling fin group 32 on the outer side thereof.
  • the heat dissipation structure of the connector 100 with the cooling module adopts the cooling flow channel for heat dissipation, as shown in Figures 7, 8, and 9, in the third embodiment of the present invention, the heat dissipation structure may also include a heat dissipation device arranged on the connection
  • the conductive structure 4 in the connector housing 1 is provided with a second cooling flow channel.
  • the inlet 41 of the second cooling flow channel and the outlet 42 of the second cooling flow channel are both located outside the connector housing 1 .
  • the second cooling channel may be a liquid cooling channel or an air cooling channel.
  • phase change material unit solid-liquid phase change material, etc.
  • the phase change material unit absorbs the heat and undergoes phase change, and at the same time conducts the heat to the conductive structure 4, and finally passes through the third element in the conductive structure 4.
  • the second cooling flow channel releases heat.
  • the two aforementioned heat dissipation structures have the same principle. They both take away heat through the rapid flow of the medium in the cooling channel.
  • the fluid in the cooling channel can be liquid or gaseous, which speeds up the cooling of the phase change material unit (solid-liquid phase change material, etc.) and better cools the connector.
  • the heat dissipation structure of the connector 100 with a cooling module adopts a thermally conductive polymer heat dissipation method
  • the heat dissipation structure includes a first thermally conductive polymer portion provided on the inner side of the back cover 11 .
  • Thermal conductive polymers are generally filled by injection molding, and their thermal conductivity is much higher than that of air, which can effectively improve heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the heat dissipation structure may also include a second thermally conductive polymer part disposed outside the connector housing.
  • the second thermally conductive polymer part is used to accelerate the dissipation of heat released by the phase change of the phase change material unit.
  • the connector with cooling module of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • a cooling module composed of a phase change material unit is provided in the connector housing.
  • the cooling module absorbs the heat generated by the connector during operation through the phase change material. After the connector heats up, it cools The module transfers heat through phase change materials to achieve cooling;
  • the heat released by the phase change of the phase change material unit is quickly dissipated to the outside of the connector housing through the heat dissipation structure.
  • the heat dissipation structure can adopt a variety of methods, and the heat dissipation method is flexible; the heat released by the phase change of the phase change material unit can be dissipated to the outside of the connector housing as quickly as possible through cooling fins, cooling channels and/or thermal conductive polymers, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
  • Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)

Abstract

本发明为一种带有冷却模块的连接器(100)，包括连接器壳体(1)和冷却模块，连接器壳体(1)内设置电连接装置(2)，冷却模块包括能相变吸收热量或相变释放热量的相变材料单元(5)，相变材料单元(5)设置于连接器壳体(1)内；带有冷却模块的连接器(100)运行时，相变材料单元(5)通过相变吸收电连接装置(2)产生的热量；带有冷却模块的连接器(100)停止运行后，相变材料单元(5)通过相变释放热量。本发明内部设置相变材料单元(5)，相变材料单元(5)通过相变吸收连接器在运行过程中产生的热量，在连接器不运行时，相变材料单元(5)通过相变放出热量，达到冷却的目的。

Description

带有冷却模块的连接器
相关申请
本申请要求专利申请号为202211150042.4、申请日为2022年09月21日、发明名称为“带有冷却模块的连接器”的中国发明专利的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及连接器技术领域，尤其涉及一种带有冷却模块的连接器。
背景技术
电动汽车大功率的快速充电，随着充电效率的提高，电流的增大，产生的热能越多，热能会导致部件内温度升高，持续升温可能会影响部件功能性、安全性，对部件造成损坏，产生的热能成为限制大功率充电系统的阻力，对于大功率快速充电，在连接器位置加入冷却系统是必要的。
由此，本发明人凭借多年从事相关行业的经验与实践，提出一种带有冷却模块的连接器，以克服现有技术的缺陷。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种带有冷却模块的连接器，内部设置相变材料单元，相变材料单元通过相变吸收连接器在运行过程中产生的热量，在连接器不运行时，相变材料单元通过相变放出热量，达到冷却的目的。
本发明的目的是这样实现的，一种带有冷却模块的连接器，包括连接器壳体和冷却模块，所述连接器壳体内设置电连接装置，所述冷却模块包括能相变吸收热量或相变释放热量的相变材料单元，所述相变材料单元设置于所述连接器壳体内；所述带有冷却模块的连接器运行时，所述相变材料单元通过相变吸收电连接装置产生的热量；所述带有冷却模块的连接器停止运行后，所述相变材料单元通过相变释放热量。
由上所述，本发明的带有冷却模块的连接器具有如下有益效果：
本发明的带有冷却模块的连接器中，连接器壳体内设置相变材料单元构成的冷却模块，冷却模块通过相变材料吸收连接器在运行过程中产生的热量，在连接器升温后，冷却模块通过相变材料传递出热量，达到冷却的目的；
本发明的带有冷却模块的连接器中，相变材料单元相变释放的热量通过散热结构加快散发至连接器壳体的外部，散热结构可以采用多种方式，散热方式灵活；相变材料单元相变释放的热量可以通过冷却翅片、冷却流道或/和导热聚合物尽快散发至连接器壳体的外部，达到提高散热效率的目的。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
其中：
图1：为本发明的带有冷却模块的连接器的实施例一的等轴测图。
图2：为本发明的实施例一拆掉后盖的主视图。
图3：为本发明的带有冷却模块的连接器的实施例二的等轴测图。
图4：为本发明的后盖的等轴测图。
图5：为本发明的后盖的侧视图。
图6：为图5中A-A剖视图。
图7：为本发明的带有冷却模块的连接器的实施例三拆掉后盖的等轴测图。
图8：为本发明的带有冷却模块的连接器的实施例三拆掉后盖的主视图。
图9：为图8中的B-B剖视图。
具体实施方式
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解，现对照附图说明本发明的具体实施方式。
在此描述的本发明的具体实施方式，仅用于解释本发明的目的，而不能以任何方式理解成是对本发明的限制。在本发明的教导下，技术人员可以构想基于本发明的任意可能的变形，这些都应被视为属于本发明的范围。需要说明的是，当元件被称为“设置于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例 如，可以是机械连接或电连接，也可以是两个元件内部的连通，可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。本文所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
如图1至图7所示，本发明提供一种带有冷却模块的连接器100，包括连接器壳体1和冷却模块，连接器壳体1内设置电连接装置2，电连接装置2的数量为一个或多个，在本发明的一具体实施例中，电连接装置2的数量为两个；电连接装置2为可连接在至少一个电流传送源或脉冲传送源上的电流或数据传送装置，被安置在一个传送装置壳体内并具有触头元件。在本发明的一具体实施例中，电连接装置2采用端子，端子采用排类端子或线缆类端子，端子的材质可以为软的材料或硬的材料，具体型号根据实际使用需求确定。
冷却模块包括能相变吸收热量或相变释放热量的相变材料单元5，相变材料单元5设置于连接器壳体1内；带有冷却模块的连接器100运行时，相变材料单元通过相变吸收电连接装置2(带有冷却模块的连接器100运行时，电连接装置2与相对应电路导通，产生热量)产生的热量；带有冷却模块的连接器100停止运行后，相变材料单元通过相变更好地释放热量。
如图9所示，在连接器壳体1内部填充相变材料单元5，相变材料单元填满连接器壳体的内部空隙；相变材料单元可以是固-液相变材料，例如一种有机物混合烷烃，此固-液相变材料相变温度36℃，潜热220KJ/Kg，密度0.8Kg/m3，最高使用温度300℃，具有良好的绝缘性，无任何腐蚀性，液体比固体体积小10％。其基本原理是在发生温度变化时，相变材料会从一种状态转变为另外一种状态，在不同相之间变化的过程中相变材料会吸收和释放大量的热，该过程是可逆过程，因此材料可重复多次利用，具有相变潜热大、相变温度范围宽、成本低等优点。在温度低时，相变材料物质内能低，分子之间的约束大，自由状态时活动范围也极小，呈固态， 它是一种有序结构，势能最低的状态。在这种状态下，分子间相互作用力最强，分子的位置就被稳固地束缚起来。温度升高时，相变材料吸收大量热量，物质内能提高了，分子之间的约束放松了，自由状态时活动范围大幅增加，因为分子运动足够剧烈，导致总是有些分子不安分地呆在势阱中。分子间的相互束缚总是快速地断开、连接，导致它们相互滑移。但是这些运动又不够剧烈到它们从相互作用之间逃离，变成自由分子，使得分子会三三两两地聚集成团，由于分子的不断碰撞，这些分子团会呈现出聚集-打散-重新聚集的过程，于是乎形成了流动的状态，产生相变。通过固-液相变的过程吸收连接器在运行过程中产生的热量，固-液相变材料发生相变，由固态变为液态，在连接器不运行时，固-液相变材料放出热量，由液态变为固态。
相变材料单元还可以是固-固相变材料，或者是固-液与固-固混合相变材料。
本发明的带有冷却模块的连接器中，连接器壳体内设置相变材料单元构成的冷却模块，冷却模块通过相变材料吸收连接器在运行过程中产生的热量，在连接器升温后，冷却模块通过相变材料传递出热量，达到冷却的目的。
进一步，带有冷却模块的连接器100还包括散热结构，相变材料单元相变释放的热量通过散热结构加快散发至连接器壳体的外部。
散热结构可以采用连接器壳体上设置冷却翅片散热的方式，还可以采用连接器壳体内设置冷却流道散热的方式，还可以采用连接器壳体上设置导热聚合物散热的方式，或者是上述三者的混合方式。
进一步，带有冷却模块的连接器100的散热结构采用冷却翅片散热的方式时，该散热方式下，相变材料单元一般采用固-固相变材料；如图1、图2所示，散热结构包括设置于连接器壳体1外壁上的第一冷却翅片组31，第一冷却翅片组31可以包括多个金属冷却翅片或非金属冷却翅片。相变材料单元通过相变放出的热量通过第一冷却翅片组31加快散热，达到冷却的目的。
金属冷却翅片可以采用铝合金，非金属冷却翅片可以采用导热塑料，其以通用塑料或工程塑料为基材，将高导热复合材料添加在塑料基材中共混复合、通过热传导改性而成的新型高性能塑料。主要基体材料有:PPS、PA6/PA66、LCP、TPE、PC、PP、PPA、PEEK等，主要填料有:AlN、SiC、Al2O3、Mg(OH)2、石墨等。导热塑料具有的几大优势：1、绝缘阻燃，可靠性高；2、加工成型方便，量产性好；3、无需二次加工，更绿色环保；4、重量轻，密度约为铝材的三分之二。
壳体1可采用铝合金也可采用导热塑料，冷却翅片与壳体可一体加工或可粘接，铝合金铸造或导热塑料一体注塑，若冷却翅片为金属也可采用预埋方式进行注塑。
壳体1和冷却翅片可以采用双色注塑方式，壳体1采用普通塑料，冷却翅片采用导热塑料，以降低加工成本。
如图1、图3、图4、图5所示，本发明的实施例一中，连接器壳体1的一侧呈开口设置，开口处能拆卸地连接后盖11，后盖11的外侧设置第二冷却翅片组32，第二冷却翅片组32包括多个金属冷却翅片或非金属冷却翅片。第二冷却翅片组32可与第一冷却翅片组31材质相同，金属冷却翅片可以采用铝合金，非金属冷却翅片可以采用导热塑料。第二冷却翅片组32和第一冷却翅片组31共同散热，进一步提升散热效果，有利于连接器更快的散热。
进一步，带有冷却模块的连接器100的散热结构采用冷却流道散热的方式时，一般与前述的冷却翅片配合使用；该散热方式下，相变材料单元一般采用固-固相变材料或固-液相变材料，还可以是固-液与固-固混合相变材料；
如图3、图6所示，本发明的实施例二中，散热结构包括后盖11内设置第一冷却流道12，第一冷却流道的入口121和第一冷却流道的出口122均位于后盖11的外侧。第一冷却流道12可以为液冷流道，也可以为风冷流道。
此种散热方式下，可以在后盖11的内侧设置第三冷却翅片组33，以便更好传导热量，第三冷却翅片组33包括多个金属冷却翅片。热量通过电连接装置2传导到相变材料单元(固-液相变材料等)，相变材料单元吸收热量发生相变，同时通过后盖里侧的第三冷却翅片组33将热量传导到后盖11上，最后通过后盖11内的第一冷却流道12及其外侧的第二冷却翅片组32放出热量。
进一步，带有冷却模块的连接器100的散热结构采用冷却流道散热的方式时，如图7、图8、图9所示，本发明的实施例三中，散热结构还可以包括设置于连接器壳体1内的传导结构4，传导结构4内设置第二冷却流道，第二冷却流道的入口41和第二冷却流道的出口42均位于连接器壳体1的外侧。第二冷却流道可以为液冷流道，也可以为风冷流道。
热量通过电连接装置2传导到相变材料单元(固-液相变材料等)，相变材料单元吸收热量发生相变，同时将热量传导到传导结构4上，最后通过传导结构4内的第二冷却流道放出热量。
前述两种散热结构原理相同，都是通过冷却流道中的介质快速流动带走热量， 冷却流道中流体可以是液态或气态，加快相变材料单元(固-液相变材料等)冷却，更好的冷却连接器。
进一步，带有冷却模块的连接器100的散热结构采用导热聚合物散热的方式时，散热结构包括后盖11的内侧设置的第一导热聚合物部。导热聚合物一般采用注塑填充，导热系数远高于空气，能够有效提高散热效率。
该散热方式下，散热结构还可以是包括设置于连接器壳体外侧的第二导热聚合物部，第二导热聚合物部用于加快散出相变材料单元相变释放的热量。
由上所述，本发明的带有冷却模块的连接器具有如下有益效果：
本发明的带有冷却模块的连接器中，连接器壳体内设置相变材料单元构成的冷却模块，冷却模块通过相变材料吸收连接器在运行过程中产生的热量，在连接器升温后，冷却模块通过相变材料传递出热量，达到冷却的目的；
本发明的带有冷却模块的连接器中，相变材料单元相变释放的热量通过散热结构加快散发至连接器壳体的外部，散热结构可以采用多种方式，散热方式灵活；相变材料单元相变释放的热量可以通过冷却翅片、冷却流道或/和导热聚合物尽快散发至连接器壳体的外部，达到提高散热效率的目的。
以上所述仅为本发明示意性的具体实施方式，并非用以限定本发明的范围。任何本领域的技术人员，在不脱离本发明的构思和原则的前提下所作出的等同变化与修改，均应属于本发明保护的范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种带有冷却模块的连接器，其中，包括连接器壳体和冷却模块，所述连接器壳体内设置电连接装置，所述冷却模块包括能相变吸收热量或相变释放热量的相变材料单元，所述相变材料单元设置于所述连接器壳体内；所述带有冷却模块的连接器运行时，所述相变材料单元通过相变吸收电连接装置产生的热量；所述带有冷却模块的连接器停止运行后，所述相变材料单元通过相变释放热量。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的带有冷却模块的连接器，其中，所述相变材料单元包括固-液相变材料，或固-固相变材料，或固-液与固-固混合相变材料。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的带有冷却模块的连接器，其中，所述相变材料单元填满所述连接器壳体的内部空隙。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的带有冷却模块的连接器，其中，还包括散热结构，所述相变材料单元相变释放的热量通过所述散热结构散发至所述连接器壳体的外部。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的带有冷却模块的连接器，其中，所述散热结构包括设置于所述连接器壳体外壁上的第一冷却翅片组。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的带有冷却模块的连接器，其中，所述连接器壳体的一侧呈开口设置，所述开口处能拆卸地连接后盖，所述散热结构还包括设置于所述后盖的外侧的第二冷却翅片组。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的带有冷却模块的连接器，其中，所述散热结构还包括设置于所述后盖内的第一冷却流道，第一冷却流道的入口和第一冷却流道的出口均位于所述后盖的外侧。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的带有冷却模块的连接器，其中，所述第一冷却流道为液冷流道或风冷流道。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的带有冷却模块的连接器，其中，所述散热结构还包括设置于所述后盖的内侧的第三冷却翅片组。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的带有冷却模块的连接器，其中，所述散热结构还包括设置于所述后盖的内侧的第一导热聚合物部。
  11. 如权利要求4或5或6所述的带有冷却模块的连接器，其中，所述散热结构包括设置于所述连接器壳体内的传导结构，所述传导结构内设置第二冷却流道， 第二冷却流道的入口和第二冷却流道的出口均位于所述连接器壳体的外侧。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的带有冷却模块的连接器，其中，所述第二冷却流道为液冷流道或风冷流道。
  13. 如权利要求4所述的带有冷却模块的连接器，其中，所述散热结构包括设置于所述连接器壳体外侧的第二导热聚合物部，所述第二导热聚合物部用于加快散出所述相变材料单元相变释放的热量。
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