WO2024065301A1 - 卷绕式的电极组件、电池单体、电池、用电装置和卷绕设备 - Google Patents

卷绕式的电极组件、电池单体、电池、用电装置和卷绕设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024065301A1
WO2024065301A1 PCT/CN2022/122222 CN2022122222W WO2024065301A1 WO 2024065301 A1 WO2024065301 A1 WO 2024065301A1 CN 2022122222 W CN2022122222 W CN 2022122222W WO 2024065301 A1 WO2024065301 A1 WO 2024065301A1
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Prior art keywords
separator
pole piece
electrode assembly
electrode sheet
positive electrode
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/122222
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘令
黄彩虾
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN202280090612.7A priority Critical patent/CN118679616A/zh
Priority to KR1020247028836A priority patent/KR20240135860A/ko
Priority to PCT/CN2022/122222 priority patent/WO2024065301A1/zh
Priority to EP22959945.1A priority patent/EP4468443A4/en
Priority to JP2024550748A priority patent/JP2025511465A/ja
Publication of WO2024065301A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024065301A1/zh
Priority to US18/899,552 priority patent/US20250023087A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J9/00—Adhesives characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced, e.g. glue sticks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0404—Machines for assembling batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0404—Machines for assembling batteries
    • H01M10/0409—Machines for assembling batteries for cells with wound electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/403—Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/411—Organic material
    • H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
    • H01M50/417—Polyolefins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
    • H01M50/461—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes with adhesive layers between electrodes and separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/471—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01M50/474—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof characterised by their position inside the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/471—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01M50/48—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof characterised by the material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
    • H01M50/497—Ionic conductivity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2203/00—Applications of adhesives in processes or use of adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J2203/33—Applications of adhesives in processes or use of adhesives in the form of films or foils for batteries or fuel cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J2301/40—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the presence of essential components
    • C09J2301/416—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the presence of essential components use of irradiation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J2301/50—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by process specific features
    • C09J2301/502—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by process specific features process for debonding adherents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a wound electrode assembly, a battery cell, a battery, an electrical device and a winding device.
  • lithium precipitation is one of the main factors affecting the electrical and safety performance of the battery. Once lithium precipitation occurs, it will not only reduce the electrical performance of the battery, but also, as the amount of lithium precipitation accumulates, dendrites are likely to form, which may pierce the isolation membrane and cause a short circuit in the battery, causing a safety hazard.
  • the present application provides a wound electrode assembly, a battery cell, a battery, an electrical device and a winding device, which can improve the safety performance of the battery.
  • the present application provides a wound electrode assembly, comprising: a pole piece; and a separator, wherein the separator is attached to the pole piece and is located in a bending region of the pole piece, and the separator loses adhesion to the pole piece within a preset time.
  • a wound electrode assembly includes a pole piece and a separator.
  • the separator is attached to the pole piece and is located in the bending area of the pole piece, so that the ions released from the positive pole piece can be prevented or reduced from being embedded in the negative pole piece through the separator, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of lithium precipitation caused by insufficient vacancies in the negative pole piece.
  • the separator loses its viscosity with the pole piece within a preset time, so that the wrinkling of the pole piece in the subsequent shaping process can be avoided due to the existence of viscosity between the separator and the pole piece. Therefore, the technical solution of the present application can improve the performance of the battery.
  • the bending region of the electrode piece includes a first surface and a second surface that are arranged opposite to each other, and the separator is attached to the first surface and/or the second surface of the bending region of the electrode piece.
  • the position of the separator can be flexibly set according to actual needs, which is conducive to taking into account both the thickness of the electrode assembly and the isolation effect of the separator.
  • the electrode sheet includes a positive electrode sheet
  • the separator is attached to the first surface and/or the second surface of the bending zone of the positive electrode sheet.
  • the negative electrode sheet is closer to the center of the electrode assembly relative to the positive electrode sheet. Therefore, in the bending zone, the positive electrode sheet has a larger area relative to the negative electrode sheet, resulting in the number of ions released from the positive electrode sheet being greater than the number of vacancies in the negative electrode sheet for accommodating ions.
  • the electrode assembly includes N circles of positive electrode sheets, and the separator is disposed at the bending area of 1 to 5 circles of the positive electrode sheet close to the center of the electrode assembly, where N ⁇ 5.
  • the farther away from the center of the electrode assembly the smaller the area difference between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet at the bending area, and the less likely lithium deposition occurs at the bending area of the negative electrode sheet. Therefore, by disposing a separator at the bending area of 1 to 5 circles of the positive electrode sheet close to the center of the electrode assembly, lithium deposition can be avoided and the thickness of the electrode assembly can be reduced, thereby reducing the volume of the electrode assembly, which is beneficial to improving the volume energy density of the battery.
  • the electrode assembly further includes a separator, which is located between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to separate the positive electrode sheet from the negative electrode sheet; and the separator is connected to the separator. That is, the separator is located between the separator and the electrode sheet, and in a position where the separator is not provided, ions can move between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet through the separator, thereby achieving normal operation of the electrode assembly or the battery.
  • the separator is used to prevent the ions released from the positive electrode from passing through the separator, so that the lithium deposition phenomenon in the bending area of the negative electrode can be avoided, thereby improving the safety of the battery.
  • the spacer loses its viscosity within the preset time after being irradiated by light of a preset wavelength. In this way, the spacer can lose its viscosity within the preset time by being irradiated by light of a preset wavelength.
  • the spacer includes a substrate and a time-delay glue coated on the substrate, the time-delay glue is located between the substrate and the pole piece, and the time-delay glue loses its viscosity within the preset time after being irradiated with light of a preset wavelength, so that the spacer loses its viscosity with the pole piece within the preset time.
  • the time-delay glue can be used to achieve the spacer's loss of viscosity within the preset time, and this method is easy to implement.
  • the material of the substrate is at least one of fiber, high molecular polymer, polypropylene, polyethylene, rubber, and non-woven fabric. This material is easy to obtain, thereby facilitating the preparation of the separator.
  • the time-delay glue is ultraviolet time-delay glue or infrared time-delay glue.
  • the glue is easy to obtain, thereby facilitating the preparation of the spacer.
  • the thickness of the separator is 3 ⁇ m to 2 cm. In this way, both the performance of the separator and the volume of the electrode assembly can be taken into consideration.
  • the present application provides a battery cell, comprising the wound electrode assembly in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof and a housing, wherein the housing is used to accommodate the electrode assembly.
  • the present application provides a battery, comprising the battery cell of the second aspect and a box body, wherein the box body is used to accommodate the battery cell.
  • the present application provides an electrical device, comprising the battery of the third aspect, wherein the battery is used to supply power to the electrical device.
  • the present application provides a winding device for preparing a wound electrode assembly, the winding device comprising: a first conveying shaft, the first conveying shaft is used to convey a pole piece, the pole piece is attached with a separator; an irradiation device, the irradiation device is used to irradiate the separator attached to the pole piece, so that the separator loses its stickiness to the pole piece within a preset time.
  • the separator loses its stickiness to the pole piece within a preset time, which can prevent the pole piece from wrinkling due to the presence of stickiness during the subsequent shaping process.
  • the irradiation device is disposed inside the first conveying shaft, and is used to irradiate the spacer when the first conveying shaft conveys the pole piece. In this way, the irradiation device is disposed inside the first conveying shaft, which can save space occupied by the irradiation device.
  • the first transmission axis includes: a first semi-axis, in which the irradiation device is disposed; and a second semi-axis, which is connected to the first semi-axis, and is provided with a light-transmitting area, which is arranged corresponding to the irradiation device so that the light of the irradiation device is emitted through the light-transmitting area.
  • the light emitted by the irradiation device located in the first transmission axis can be emitted through the light-transmitting area, thereby ensuring that the partition can be irradiated by the irradiation device.
  • first semi-shaft and the second semi-shaft are provided with a clamping structure, and the first semi-shaft and the second semi-shaft are clamped by the clamping structure. In this way, the connection between the first semi-shaft and the second semi-shaft is realized without affecting the transmission pole piece of the first transmission shaft.
  • the thickness of the shaft wall of the first semi-shaft and/or the second semi-shaft is 0.5 cm to 18 cm. In this way, both the strength and volume of the first semi-shaft and the second semi-shaft can be taken into consideration.
  • the winding device further includes a control unit and a distance measuring mechanism; the distance measuring mechanism is used to measure a first length, which is the length of the pole piece passing through the first conveying shaft; the control unit is used to control the irradiation device to be turned on or off according to the first length. In this way, it is convenient to detect the spacer in time and irradiate the spacer.
  • the winding device further includes a color sensing mechanism, which is used to sense the color of the spacer or the pole piece; the control unit is used to control the irradiation device to turn on or off according to the color sensed by the color sensing mechanism. In this way, the spacer can be detected in time and irradiated.
  • control unit, the color sensing mechanism and the distance measuring mechanism are arranged in the irradiation device, so that the space occupied by the winding device can be saved and the preparation of the irradiation device is also facilitated.
  • the separator is attached to the surface of the positive electrode sheet, and the first conveying shaft is used to convey the positive electrode sheet. In this way, after the positive electrode sheet, the separator and the negative electrode sheet are wound to form an electrode assembly, lithium plating can be avoided or reduced by providing the separator.
  • the spacer includes a substrate and a time-delay glue coated on the substrate, the time-delay glue is located between the substrate and the pole piece, and the time-delay glue loses its viscosity within the preset time after being irradiated by the irradiation device, so that the spacer loses its viscosity with the pole piece within the preset time.
  • the time-delay glue and the corresponding irradiation device can be used to achieve the spacer losing its viscosity within the preset time, and this method is easy to implement.
  • the irradiation device is an ultraviolet light irradiation device or an infrared light irradiation device, so that it is easy to obtain the irradiation device.
  • the diameter of the first conveying shaft is 1.5 cm to 20 cm. This facilitates the processing of the first conveying shaft and also facilitates the conveying of the pole pieces by the first conveying shaft.
  • the thickness of the separator is 3 ⁇ m to 2 cm. In this way, both the performance of the separator and the volume of the electrode assembly can be taken into consideration.
  • a wound electrode assembly includes a pole piece and a separator.
  • the separator is attached to the pole piece and is located in the bending area of the pole piece, so that the ions released from the positive pole piece can be prevented or reduced from being embedded in the negative pole piece through the separator, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of lithium precipitation caused by insufficient vacancies in the negative pole piece.
  • the separator loses its viscosity with the pole piece within a preset time, so that the wrinkling of the pole piece in the subsequent shaping process can be avoided due to the existence of viscosity between the separator and the pole piece. Therefore, the technical solution of the present application can improve the performance of the battery.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a top view of the electrode assembly in FIG1 ;
  • FIG3 is a front view of the electrode assembly in FIG1 ;
  • FIG4 is a side view of the electrode assembly in FIG1 ;
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of an electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a pole piece with an insulator attached thereto according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a pole piece with an insulator attached thereto according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG12 is a schematic diagram of an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a winding device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a winding device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a winding device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a and/or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • the character "/" in this application generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
  • battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries or magnesium-ion batteries, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • Battery cells may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular or other shapes, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to the packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in the present application may include a battery pack, etc.
  • the battery generally includes a box for encapsulating one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly is composed of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator.
  • the battery cell mainly relies on the movement of metal ions between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the current collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the current collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the current collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer serves as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector may be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material may be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganese oxide, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the current collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer serves as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon, etc. In order to ensure that a large current does not melt, the number of positive electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film can be polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE).
  • the battery may include multiple battery cells, wherein the multiple battery cells may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection, wherein the hybrid connection refers to a mixture of series and parallel connections.
  • multiple battery cells may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection to form a battery module, and multiple battery modules may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection to form a battery.
  • multiple battery cells may be directly formed into a battery, or may be first formed into a battery module, and the battery module may then be formed into a battery.
  • the battery is further disposed in an electrical device to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.
  • the development of battery technology must consider many design factors at the same time, such as performance parameters such as energy density, cycle life, discharge capacity, charge and discharge rate, and battery safety.
  • the precipitation of metal ions in the battery is one of the main factors affecting the electrical and safety performance of the battery. Once lithium precipitation occurs, it will not only reduce the electrical performance of the battery, but also easily form dendrites as the amount of lithium precipitation accumulates. Dendrites may pierce the isolation membrane and cause a short circuit in the battery, causing safety hazards.
  • the curvature of the electrode sheet is large at the bending area of the electrode sheet near the center of the electrode assembly, and lithium deposition and active material shedding are likely to occur at the bending area of the electrode sheet.
  • the gap between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet becomes larger at the bending area, which will further aggravate the formation of lithium deposition and lithium dendrites. The above factors are not conducive to improving the performance of the battery.
  • the present application provides a wound electrode assembly, including: a pole piece; a separator, the separator is attached to the pole piece and is located in the bending area of the pole piece, and the separator loses viscosity with the pole piece within a preset time.
  • a wound electrode assembly including: a pole piece; a separator, the separator is attached to the pole piece and is located in the bending area of the pole piece, and the separator loses viscosity with the pole piece within a preset time.
  • the separator loses viscosity with the pole piece within a preset time, thereby avoiding the wrinkling of the pole piece in the subsequent shaping process due to the existence of viscosity between the separator and the pole piece. Therefore, the technical solution of the present application can improve the performance of the battery.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an electrode assembly of an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG2 is a top view of the electrode assembly in FIG1
  • FIG3 is a front view of the electrode assembly in FIG1
  • FIG4 is a side view of the electrode assembly in FIG1.
  • the present application embodiment provides a wound electrode assembly 10, and the electrode assembly 10 includes a pole piece 11 and a separator 12.
  • the electrode sheet 11 includes a positive electrode sheet 111 and a negative electrode sheet 112 .
  • the separator 12 is attached to the electrode sheet 11 and is located in the bending area 11 b of the electrode sheet 11 , wherein the separator 12 can be attached to the positive electrode sheet 111 or to the negative electrode sheet 112 .
  • the bending area 11b refers to the position where the pole piece 11 is bent when it is wound.
  • the pole piece 11 includes a straight area 11a and a bending area 11b.
  • the pole piece 11 is not bent in the straight area 11a, and the pole piece 11 extends in the straight area 11a along a first direction, such as the y direction; the extension direction of the pole piece 11 changes at both ends of the first direction, that is, the pole piece 11 is bent in the bending area 11b.
  • the spacer 12 is located in the bending area 11b of the pole piece 11, and the spacer 12 may completely cover the pole piece 11 in the bending area 11b, or may partially cover the pole piece 11 in the bending area 11b.
  • the shape of the pole piece 11 in the bending area 11 b may be semicircular, elliptical, or a shape close to a semicircular or elliptical shape.
  • the spacer 12 loses its adhesion to the pole piece 11 within a preset time.
  • the preset time is related to the properties of the spacer 12 itself, and the preset time can also be specifically set according to actual needs.
  • the separator 12 In the process of preparing the wound electrode assembly 10, after the separator 12 is attached to the electrode sheet 11 by the gluing mechanism, the separator, the positive electrode sheet 111, and the negative electrode sheet 112 are wound into a nearly elliptical winding core by the winding mechanism, and then the winding core is shaped by the shaping mechanism, thereby completing the preparation of the wound electrode assembly 10.
  • the preset time can be the time from the separator 12 being attached to the electrode sheet 11 to the completion of the winding core preparation (before the winding core is shaped).
  • the separator 12 and the pole piece 11 Before the pole piece 11 and the separator are wound by the winding mechanism, the separator 12 and the pole piece 11 have adhesion to fix the separator 12 at the corresponding position of the pole piece 11; after the pole piece 11 and the separator are wound by the winding mechanism, the separator 12 and the pole piece 11 lose adhesion.
  • the separator 12 has been fixed in a suitable position, that is, fixed at the bending area 11b between the positive pole piece 111 and the negative pole piece 112. At this time, the separator 12 and the pole piece 11 lose adhesion, and the separator 12 will not fall off the pole piece 11.
  • the preset time may also be the time from when the spacer 12 is attached to the pole piece 11 to when the winding core is formed.
  • the separator 12 loses its stickiness with the pole piece 11 within a preset time, so that the influence of the stickiness on the pole piece 11 can be avoided.
  • the phenomenon of the pole piece 11 wrinkling caused by the uneven shaping or stress of the pole piece 11 due to the stickiness can be avoided.
  • the side reaction between the sticky separator 12 and the electrolyte in the battery can be avoided.
  • the sticky separator 12 can be prevented from adsorbing ions, sodium ions or lithium ions between the separator 12 and the pole piece 11 to which the separator 12 is attached. This is beneficial to improving the service life and energy density of the battery.
  • the electrode assembly 10 further includes a tab 114 , and the tab 114 may be connected to a housing accommodating the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the wound electrode assembly 10 includes a pole piece 11 and a separator 12.
  • the separator 12 is attached to the pole piece 11 and is located in the bending area 11b of the pole piece 11, so that the ions extracted from the positive pole piece 111 can be prevented or reduced from being embedded into the negative pole piece 112 through the separator 12, thereby avoiding the lithium precipitation, sodium precipitation and other phenomena caused by insufficient vacancies in the negative pole piece 112.
  • the separator 12 loses its viscosity with the pole piece 11 within a preset time, so that the wrinkling of the pole piece 11 in the subsequent shaping process due to the existence of viscosity between the separator 12 and the pole piece 11 can be avoided. Therefore, the technical solution of the present application can improve the performance of the battery.
  • the bending region 11 b of the pole piece 11 includes a first surface 1111 and a second surface 1112 oppositely disposed, and the spacer 12 is attached to the first surface 1111 and/or the second surface 1112 of the bending region 11 b of the pole piece 11 .
  • the first surface 1111 and the second surface 1112 are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the electrode sheet 11.
  • the first surface 1111 and the second surface 1112 of the positive electrode sheet 111 are respectively oriented toward the negative electrode sheet 112 adjacent to the positive electrode sheet 111;
  • the first surface 1111 and the second surface 1112 of the negative electrode sheet 112 are respectively oriented toward the positive electrode sheet 111 adjacent to the negative electrode sheet 112.
  • the separator 12 may be attached only to the first surface 1111 of the bending region 11b of the pole piece 11, or only to the second surface of the bending region 11b of the pole piece 11, or may be attached to both the first surface 1111 and the second surface 1112 of the bending region 11b of the pole piece 11. In this way, it is convenient to select the attachment position and quantity of the separator 12 according to actual needs, so as to obtain an electrode assembly 10 of a corresponding thickness according to actual needs and achieve a corresponding isolation effect.
  • the electrode sheet 11 includes a positive electrode sheet 111
  • the separator 12 is attached to the first surface 1111 and/or the second surface 1112 of the bending region 11 b of the positive electrode sheet 111 .
  • the negative electrode sheet 112 is closer to the center of the electrode assembly 10 than the positive electrode sheet 111.
  • the positive electrode sheet 111 of the first turn is farther away from the center of the electrode assembly 10 than the negative electrode sheet 112 of the first turn.
  • the circumference of the positive electrode sheet 111 of the first turn is greater than the circumference of the negative electrode sheet 112 of the first turn.
  • the first surface 1111 of the bending region 11b of the positive electrode sheet 111 may be a convex surface of the positive electrode sheet 111 .
  • the convex surface may be, for the positive electrode sheet 111 and the negative electrode sheet 112 at the same turn position, a surface of the positive electrode sheet 111 away from the negative electrode sheet 112 .
  • the second surface 1112 of the bending area 11b of the positive electrode sheet 111 may be a concave surface of the positive electrode sheet 111 .
  • the concave surface may be, for the positive electrode sheet 111 and the negative electrode sheet 112 at the same turn position, a surface of the positive electrode sheet 111 facing the negative electrode sheet 112 .
  • the positive electrode sheet 111 In the bending area 11b, for the positive electrode sheet 111 and the negative electrode sheet 112 at the same number of turns, the positive electrode sheet 111 has a larger area than the negative electrode sheet 112, resulting in the number of ions extracted from the positive electrode sheet 111 being greater than the number of vacancies for accommodating ions in the negative electrode sheet 112.
  • the separator 12 By arranging the separator 12 at the bending area 11b of the positive electrode sheet 111, ions can be prevented from being embedded in the negative electrode sheet 112 through the separator 12, thereby avoiding the occurrence of lithium precipitation, sodium precipitation and the like.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the separator 12 is attached to the convex surface and the concave surface of the bending area 11b of the positive electrode sheet 111.
  • ions can be more fully prevented from passing through the separator 12.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the separator 12 is attached to the concave surface of the bending area 11b of the positive electrode sheet 111.
  • the separator 12 By arranging the separator 12 on the concave surface of the bending area 11b of the positive electrode sheet 111, lithium or sodium deposition can be avoided in the bending area 11b of the negative electrode sheet 112, and the overall thickness and volume of the electrode assembly 10 can be reduced.
  • the separator 12 may be attached to the concave surface of the bending area 11b of the positive electrode sheet 111, and may also be attached to the convex surface of the bending area 11b of the negative electrode sheet 111.
  • the separator 12 may be attached to the positive electrode sheet 111, or may be attached to both the positive electrode sheet 111 and the negative electrode sheet 112 at the same time, for example, by bonding.
  • the separator 12 is disposed on the convex surface and the concave surface of the bending region 11 b of the negative electrode sheet 112 , that is, the separator 12 is disposed on both surfaces of the negative electrode sheet 112 at the bending region 11 b .
  • the electrode assembly 10 includes N circles of positive electrode sheets 111 , and the separator 12 is disposed at the bending area 11 b of 1 to 5 circles of the positive electrode sheet 111 close to the center of the electrode assembly 10 , where N ⁇ 5.
  • the separator 12 is provided at the bending area 11b of the positive electrode sheet 111 with 1 to 5 turns near the center of the electrode assembly 10, which can not only avoid lithium deposition, but also reduce the thickness of the electrode assembly 10, thereby reducing the volume of the electrode assembly 10, which is beneficial to improve the volume energy density of the battery.
  • the number of turns of the positive electrode sheet 111 and the negative electrode sheet 112 can be set according to actual needs, for example, can be set to 20 to 100 turns.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of an electrode assembly of an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrode assembly 10 further includes a separator 13 , which is located between the positive electrode sheet 111 and the negative electrode sheet 112 to separate the positive electrode sheet 111 and the negative electrode sheet 112 ; the separator 12 is connected to the separator 13 .
  • the separator 13 is provided with gaps, and ions (such as lithium ions and sodium ions) can move between the positive electrode sheet 111 and the negative electrode sheet 112 through the separator 13, thereby achieving normal operation of the electrode assembly 10 or the battery.
  • ions such as lithium ions and sodium ions
  • the separator 12 is connected to the separator 13, and the separator 12 may be located between the separator 13 and the electrode 11.
  • the separator 12 can prevent ions from passing through the separator 12 from the positive electrode 111, and thus the ions will not pass through the separator 13 corresponding to the separator 12.
  • ions can be separated from the positive electrode sheet 111 , and after passing through the isolation film 13 , they can be embedded in the negative electrode sheet 112 .
  • the separator 12 is used to prevent the ions extracted from the positive electrode sheet 111 from passing through the separator 12. In this way, lithium and sodium precipitation can be avoided at the bending area 11b of the negative electrode sheet 112, thereby improving the safety of the battery.
  • the spacer 12 loses its viscosity within a preset time after being irradiated with light of a preset wavelength. In this way, the spacer 12 can lose its viscosity within a preset time by being irradiated with light of a preset wavelength.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a pole piece with an insulator attached thereto according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a pole piece with an insulator attached thereto according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the insulator 12 includes a substrate 121 and a time-delay glue 122 coated on the substrate, the time-delay glue 122 is located between the substrate 121 and the pole piece 11, and the time-delay glue 122 loses its viscosity within a preset time after being irradiated with light of a preset wavelength band, so that the insulator 12 loses its viscosity with the pole piece 11 within a preset time. In this way, the insulator can be made to lose its viscosity within a preset time by using the time-delay glue, and this method is easy to implement.
  • the material of the substrate 121 is at least one of fiber, high molecular polymer, polypropylene, polyethylene, rubber, and non-woven fabric.
  • the material is easy to obtain, so it is easy to prepare the spacer 12.
  • the material of the substrate 121 may be polyester, Teflon, or the like.
  • the substrate 121 is a substrate with a non-porous structure, so that lithium ions and the like cannot enter and pass through the substrate 121 .
  • the substrate 121 may also be a substrate having a certain microporous structure, as long as it can prevent the passage of lithium ions and the like.
  • the time-delay glue 122 is ultraviolet time-delay glue or infrared time-delay glue.
  • the glue is easy to obtain, so it is easy to prepare the spacer 12.
  • the time-delay glue 122 can prevent the passage of lithium ions or other plasma after being cured, that is, after being irradiated with ultraviolet light or infrared light.
  • the thickness d1 of the spacer 12 is 3 ⁇ m to 2 cm.
  • the thickness of the spacer 12 can be 3 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m, 0.2 cm, 1 cm, 2 cm, etc.
  • the thickness d1 of the separator 12 By setting the thickness d1 of the separator 12 to 3 ⁇ m to 2 cm, the complexity of the preparation process caused by the separator 12 being too thin can be avoided, and the thickness of the electrode assembly 10 caused by the separator 12 being too thick can be avoided. In addition, the appropriate thickness of the separator 12 can also ensure the isolation performance of the separator 12.
  • the width k of the spacer 12 is 0.1 cm to 20 cm, and the width of the spacer 12 is the dimension along the bending direction of the pole piece 11.
  • the width of the spacer 12 can be set according to the dimension of the bending area 11b of the pole piece 11 and specific needs.
  • the width of the spacer 12 can be 0.1 cm, 1 cm, 5 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm, 20 cm, etc.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 10 , the present application provides a battery cell 20 , comprising the wound electrode assembly 10 described above and a housing 21 , wherein the housing 21 is used to accommodate the electrode assembly 10 .
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 11 , the present application provides a battery 1 , comprising the battery cell 20 described above and a box 11 , wherein the box 11 is used to accommodate the battery cell 20 .
  • FIG12 is a schematic diagram of an electric device of an embodiment of the present application.
  • the present application provides an electric device 30, including the battery 1 described above, and the battery 1 is used to supply power to the electric device 30.
  • the electric device 30 can be a vehicle, and the vehicle can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • a motor 400, a controller 300 and a battery 1 can be provided inside the vehicle, and the controller 300 is used to control the battery 1 to supply power to the motor 400.
  • a battery 1 can be provided at the bottom or the front or rear of the vehicle.
  • the battery 1 can be used to power the vehicle, for example, the battery 10 can be used as the operating power supply of the vehicle, for the circuit system of the vehicle, for example, for the working power demand during the start, navigation and operation of the vehicle.
  • the battery 1 can not only be used as the operating power supply of the vehicle, but also as the driving power supply of the vehicle, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle.
  • FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a winding device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG13 , the present application provides a winding device 50 for preparing a wound electrode assembly 10.
  • the winding device 50 includes a first conveying shaft 51 and an irradiation device 52.
  • the first conveying shaft 51 is used to convey the pole piece 11 , to which the separator 12 is attached.
  • the first conveying shaft 51 can convey the positive electrode sheet 111 or the negative electrode sheet 112.
  • the length of the first conveying shaft 51 can be specifically set according to the size of the electrode sheet 11, and the present application does not impose any specific limitation on this.
  • the irradiation device 52 is used to irradiate the spacer 12 attached to the pole piece 11 so that the spacer 12 loses its adhesion to the pole piece 11 within a preset time.
  • the insulator 12 is irradiated by the irradiation device 52, and the insulator 12 loses its viscosity with the electrode 11 within a preset time, which can prevent the electrode 11 from wrinkling due to the presence of viscosity during the subsequent shaping process, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the electrode assembly 10 and the battery.
  • FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a winding device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • an irradiation device 52 is disposed inside the first conveying shaft 51, and is used to irradiate the spacer 12 when the first conveying shaft 51 conveys the pole piece 11.
  • the irradiation device 52 is disposed inside the first conveying shaft 51, which can save the space occupied by the irradiation device 52.
  • the first transmission shaft 51 includes a first half shaft 511 and a second half shaft 512 .
  • the irradiation device 52 is disposed in the first semi-axis 511 . That is, the interior of the first semi-axis 511 has a hollow structure for accommodating the irradiation device 511 .
  • the irradiation device 52 may be disposed on a rotatable fixed shaft, and the fixed shaft is disposed inside the first conveying shaft 51 .
  • the first conveying shaft 51 rotates driven by the fixed shaft to convey the pole piece 11 .
  • the irradiation device 52 is connected to the first semi-axis 511 via a snap-fit structure.
  • a snap is provided on the irradiation device 52, and a slot corresponding to the snap is provided on the first semi-axis 511, and the irradiation device 52 is connected to the first semi-axis 511 by the cooperation between the snap and the slot.
  • the irradiation device 52 may also be connected to the first semi-shaft 511 by means of built-in bolts or bonding.
  • the second semi-axis 512 is connected to the first semi-axis 511 .
  • the second semi-axis 512 is provided with a light-transmitting area 513 .
  • the light-transmitting area 513 is provided corresponding to the illuminating device 52 so that the light of the illuminating device 52 is emitted through the light-transmitting area 513 .
  • the light-transmitting area 513 can be made of materials such as polymer, acrylic plate, and organic glass.
  • the second semi-shaft 512 is entirely made of transparent material.
  • the light emitted by the irradiation device 52 located in the first transmission axis 51 can be emitted through the light-transmitting area 513 , thereby ensuring that the spacer 12 can be irradiated by the irradiation device 52 .
  • the first semi-shaft 511 and the second semi-shaft 512 are provided with a clamping structure 514 , and the first semi-shaft 511 and the second semi-shaft 512 are clamped together by the clamping structure 514 .
  • a snap groove 514a is provided on the inner wall of the first half shaft 511, and a snap 514b corresponding to the snap groove 514a is provided on the inner wall of the second half shaft 512.
  • the snap connection between the snap groove 514a and the snap 514b is achieved.
  • connection between the first semi-shaft 511 and the second semi-shaft 512 is achieved through the built-in clamping structure 514 , which will not affect the transmission of the pole piece 11 by the first transmission shaft 51 .
  • first half shaft 511 and the second half shaft 512 are connected by hinge, bonding, bolt connection or the like.
  • the thickness of the shaft wall of the first semi-shaft 5111 and/or the second semi-shaft 512 is 0.5 cm to 18 cm. In this way, the structural strength and volume of the first semi-shaft 511 and the second semi-shaft 512 can be taken into consideration.
  • the thickness d2 of the shaft wall is the maximum distance between the outer wall and the inner wall of the first semi-shaft 511 or the second semi-shaft 512.
  • the outer wall is the outer surface of the first semi-shaft 511 or the second semi-shaft 512 in contact with the pole piece 11
  • the inner wall is the inner surface of the first semi-shaft 511 or the second semi-shaft 512 in contact with the irradiation device 52 or facing the irradiation device 52.
  • the winding device 50 further includes a control unit 53 and a distance measuring mechanism 54 .
  • the distance measuring mechanism 54 is used to measure a first length, which is the length of the pole piece 11 passing through the first transmission axis 51 .
  • the distance measuring mechanism 54 may be disposed on the first conveying shaft 51 , so that the length of the pole piece 11 conveyed by the first conveying shaft 51 may be measured.
  • the distance measuring mechanism 54 is at a certain distance from the first transmission axis 51 , and the length of the pole piece 11 passing through the first transmission axis 51 can be determined based on information measured by the distance measuring mechanism 54 .
  • the distance measuring mechanism 54 can also sense the number of pole lugs and marks on the pole lugs, etc. The distance measuring mechanism 54 can determine the position of the spacer 12 according to the number of pole lugs.
  • the control unit 53 is used to control the irradiation device 52 to be turned on or off according to the first length.
  • the spacer 12 is disposed at a specific position of the pole piece 11 , and whether the spacer 12 is transferred to the corresponding position of the irradiation device 52 can be determined according to the first length.
  • the control unit 53 can determine whether the pole piece portion with the spacer 12 attached has been conveyed to the first conveying shaft 51 or is about to be conveyed to the first conveying shaft 51 according to the first length, so that the control unit 53 controls the opening of the irradiation device 52.
  • the control unit 53 can control the irradiation device 52 to be closed.
  • control unit 53 may control the irradiation device 52 to be turned on or off according to the measurement information of the distance measuring mechanism 54 .
  • the distance measuring mechanism 54 and the control unit 53 are arranged to facilitate timely detection of the spacer 12 and irradiation of the spacer 12 .
  • the shape of the distance measuring mechanism 54 can be cylindrical, cubic, elliptical, etc.
  • the winding device 50 also includes a color sensing mechanism 55, which is used to sense the color of the insulator 12 or the pole piece 11; the control unit 53 is used to control the irradiation device 52 to turn on or off according to the color sensed by the color sensing mechanism 55.
  • the spacer 12 and the pole piece 11 may have different colors, and when the color sensing mechanism 55 senses the color of the spacer 12, the control unit 53 may control the irradiation device 52 to turn on. In this way, by setting the color sensing mechanism 55 and the distance measuring mechanism 54, the accuracy of sensing the spacer 12 can be further improved, so as to control the opening of the irradiation device 52 in a timely manner.
  • control unit 53 can control the irradiation device 52 to be turned off.
  • control unit 53, the color sensing mechanism 55 and the distance measuring mechanism 54 are arranged in the irradiation device 52. It can also be said that the irradiation device 52 is an intelligent irradiation device with distance and color sensing functions. In this way, the space occupied by the winding device 50 can be saved, and the preparation of the irradiation device 52 is also convenient.
  • the irradiation device 52 is an ultraviolet adaptive timing lamp, which can be automatically turned on or off according to a preset time interval.
  • FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a winding device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the separator 12 is attached to the surface of the positive electrode sheet 111 , and the first conveying shaft 51 is used to convey the positive electrode sheet 111 .
  • the winding device 50 is a device that integrates a first conveying shaft 51 and an irradiation device 52.
  • the winding device 50 is used to convey the positive electrode sheet 111. Both surfaces of the positive electrode sheet 111 are attached with separators 12. Through two winding devices 50, the separators 12 on both surfaces of the positive electrode sheet 111 can be irradiated.
  • the separator 12 attached to the positive electrode sheet 111 is irradiated using the winding device 50, the positive electrode sheet 111 attached with the separator 12, the separator 113 and the negative electrode sheet 112 are wound and shaped by the winding needle to form a wound electrode assembly 10.
  • the separator 12 is located in the bending area 11b of the electrode sheet 11.
  • the separator 12 may be provided to avoid or reduce lithium plating.
  • the spacer 12 includes a substrate 121 and a time-delay glue 122 coated on the substrate 121, the time-delay glue 122 is located between the substrate 121 and the pole piece 11, and the time-delay glue 122 loses its viscosity within a preset time after being irradiated by the irradiation device 52, so that the spacer 12 loses its viscosity with the pole piece 11 within a preset time.
  • the time-delay glue 122 and the corresponding irradiation device 52 can be used to achieve the loss of viscosity of the spacer 12 within a preset time, and this method is easy to achieve.
  • the irradiation device 52 is an ultraviolet lamp irradiation device or an infrared lamp irradiation device.
  • a lamp tube 56 is provided in the irradiation device, and the lamp tube can be an ultraviolet lamp tube or an infrared lamp tube.
  • the irradiation device 52 can emit ultraviolet light through the ultraviolet lamp tube and emit infrared light through the infrared lamp tube.
  • the irradiation device 52 is an ultraviolet lamp irradiation device or an infrared lamp irradiation device, which facilitates the acquisition of the irradiation device 52 .
  • the diameter d3 of the first transmission shaft 51 is 1.5 cm to 20 cm.
  • the diameter of the first transmission shaft 51 can be 1.5 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm, 20 cm, etc. In this way, it is convenient to process the first transmission shaft 51, and it is also convenient to set the first transmission shaft 51 according to the size of the pole piece 11, so that the first transmission shaft 51 can transport the pole piece 11.
  • the thickness d1 of the separator 12 is 3 ⁇ m to 2 cm. In this way, the performance of the separator 12 and the volume of the electrode assembly 10 can be taken into consideration.
  • the present application provides a winding device 50, including a first conveying shaft 51 and an irradiation device 52.
  • the first conveying shaft 51 is used to convey the pole piece 11, and the pole piece 11 is attached with a separator 12.
  • the irradiation device 52 is used to irradiate the separator 12 attached to the pole piece 11, so that the separator 12 loses its viscosity with the pole piece 11 within a preset time.
  • the winding device 50 can be used to prepare a wound electrode assembly 10, and the electrode assembly 10 includes a pole piece 11 and a separator 12.
  • the separator 12 is attached to the pole piece 11 and is located in the bending area 11b of the pole piece 11, so that the ions released from the positive pole piece 111 can be embedded into the negative pole piece 112 through the separator, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of lithium precipitation caused by insufficient vacancies in the negative pole piece 112.
  • the separator 12 loses its viscosity with the pole piece 11 within a preset time, so that the wrinkling of the pole piece 11 in the subsequent shaping process caused by the existence of viscosity between the separator 12 and the pole piece 11 can be avoided. Therefore, the technical solution of the present application can improve the performance of the battery.

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Abstract

本申请涉及电池技术领域，提供了一种卷绕式的电极组件、电池单体、电池、用电装置和卷绕设备。卷绕式的电极组件，包括：极片；隔离物，隔离物贴附于极片并位于极片的弯折区，隔离物在预设时间内与极片之间失去粘性。本申请的方案可以提升电池的性能。

Description

卷绕式的电极组件、电池单体、电池、用电装置和卷绕设备 技术领域
本申请涉及技术电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种卷绕式的电极组件、电池单体、电池、用电装置和卷绕设备。
背景技术
随着电池技术的发展，对于电池的各方面的要求也越来越多。例如在考虑能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数的同时，还需要考虑电池的安全性。电池中的金属离子的析出，例如，析锂是影响电池的电性能和安全性能的主要因素的之一。一旦发生析锂，不但会降低电池的电性能，而且随着析锂量的累加，容易形成枝晶，枝晶有可能会刺破隔离膜，而引发电池内短路，造成安全隐患。
因此，如何提供一种电池组件，以提升电池的性能是一项亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种卷绕式的电极组件、电池单体、电池、用电装置和卷绕设备，可以提高电池的安全性能。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种卷绕式的电极组件，包括：极片；隔离物，所述隔离物贴附于所述极片并位于所述极片的弯折区，所述隔离物在预设时间内与所述极片之间失去粘性。
在本申请实施例中，卷绕式的电极组件包括极片和隔离物。隔离物贴附于极片并位于极片的弯折区，这样可以避免或减少正极片的脱嵌的离子通过隔离物嵌入到负极片，从而可以避免负极片的空位不足而导致的析锂等现象。隔离物在预设时间内与极片之间失去粘性，这样可以避免因隔离物与极片之间的粘性的存在而导致的在后续整形等过程中的极片的起皱。因此，本申请的技术方案可以提高电池的性能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述极片的弯折区包括相对设置的第一面和第 二面，所述隔离物贴附于所述极片的所述弯折区的所述第一面和/或所述第二面。这样，便于根据实际需要灵活设置隔离物的位置，有利于兼顾电极组件的厚度和隔离物的隔离效果。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述极片包括正极片，所述隔离物贴附于所述正极片的所述弯折区的所述第一面和/或所述第二面。在卷绕式的电极组件中，对于处于相同圈数位置的正极片和负极片而言，负极片相对于正极片靠近电极组件的中心，因此在弯折区，正极片相对于负极片具有更大的面积，导致从正极片脱嵌的离子的数量多于负极片中用于容纳离子的空位的数量。通过在正极片的弯折区的第一面和/或第二面设置隔离物，可以阻止离子通过隔离物，从而可以避免析锂等现象的发生。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述电极组件包括N圈正极片，所述隔离物设置于所述正极片的靠近所述电极组件的中心的1～5圈的弯折区处，其中，N≥5。距离电极组件的中心位置越远，在弯折区处，正极片与负极片的的面积差越小，负极片的弯折区处越不容易发生析锂。因此，在正极片的靠近所述电极组件的中心的1～5圈的弯折区处设置隔离物，既可以避免析锂，又可以减小电极组件的厚度，从而可以减小电极组件的体积，有利于提高电池的体积能量密度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述电极组件还包括隔离膜，所述隔离膜位于正极片和负极片之间以隔离所述正极片和所述负极片；所述隔离物与所述隔离膜连接。也就是说，隔离物位于隔离膜和极片之间，在未设置隔离物的位置，离子可以通过隔离膜在正极片和负极片之间移动，从而实现电极组件或电池的正常运行。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述隔离物用于阻止从所述正极片的脱嵌的离子通过所述隔离物。这样，可以避免在负极片的弯折区处发生析锂等现象，从而可以提高电池的安全性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述隔离物在预设波段的灯光照射后，在所述预设时间内失去粘性。这样，通过预设波段的灯光的照射，可以使隔离物在预设时间内失去粘性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述隔离物包括基底和涂覆于基底上的延时胶水，所述延时胶水位于所述基底与所述极片之间，所述延时胶水在预设波段的灯光照射后在所述预设时间内失去粘性，以使所述隔离物在所述预设时间内与所述极片之间失去粘性。这样，可以通过延时胶水，实现隔离物在预设时间内的失粘，该方式便于 实现。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述基底的材料为纤维、高分子聚合物、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、橡胶、无纺布中的至少一种。该材料便于获取，从而便于隔离物的制备。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述延时胶水为紫外延时胶水或红外延时胶水。该胶水便于获取，从而便于隔离物的制备。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述隔离物的厚度为3μm～2cm。这样，可以兼顾隔离物的性能和电极组件的体积。
第二方面，本申请提供一种电池单体，包括第一方面及其中任一可能的实现方式中的卷绕式电极组件和外壳，所述外壳用于容纳所述电极组件。
第三方面，本申请提供一种电池，包括第二方面的电池单体和箱体，所述箱体用于容纳所述电池单体。
第四方面，本申请提供一种用电装置，包括第三方面的电池，所述电池用于向所述用电装置供电。
第五方面，本申请提供一种卷绕设备，用于制备卷绕式的电极组件，所述卷绕设备包括：第一传送轴，所述第一传送轴用于传送极片，所述极片贴附有隔离物；照射装置，所述照射装置用于照射贴附于所述极片的所述隔离物，以使所述隔离物在预设时间内与所述极片之间失去粘性。这样，通过照射装置照射隔离物，隔离物在预设时间内与极片之间失去粘性，可以防止在后续整形过程中因为粘性的存在而导致的极片起皱。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述照射装置设置于所述第一传送轴的内部，用于在所述第一传送轴传送所述极片时照射所述隔离物。这样，照射装置设置于第一传送轴内，可以节省照射装置所占用的空间。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一传送轴包括：第一半轴，所述照射装置设置于所述第一半轴内；第二半轴，所述第二半轴与所述第一半轴连接，所述第二半轴设置有透光区域，所述透光区域与所述照射装置对应设置，以使所述照射装置的光通过所述透光区域射出。这样，可以使位于第一传送轴内的照射装置发出的光通过透光区域射出，从而保证隔离物可以受到照射装置的照射。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一半轴和所述第二半轴设置有卡接结 构，所述第一半轴和所述第二半轴通过所述卡接结构卡接。这样，既实现了第一半轴和第二半轴的连接，又不会影响第一传送轴传送极片。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一半轴和/或所述第二半轴的轴壁的厚度为0.5cm～18cm。这样，可以兼顾第一半轴和第二半轴的强度和体积。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述卷绕设备还包括控制单元和测距机构；所述测距机构用于测量第一长度，所述第一长度为经过所述第一传送轴的所述极片的长度；所述控制单元用于根据所述第一长度，控制所述照射装置开启或关闭。这样，便于及时检测到隔离物并对隔离物进行照射。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述卷绕设备还包括颜色感应机构，所述颜色感应机构用于感应所述隔离物或所述极片的颜色；所述控制单元用于根据所述颜色感应机构感应到的颜色，控制所述照射装置开启或关闭。这样，可以及时检测到隔离物并对隔离物进行照射。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制单元、所述颜色感应机构和所述测距机构设置于所述照射装置内。这样，可以节省卷绕设备的占用空间，同时也便于照射装置的制备。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述隔离物贴附于正极片的表面，所述第一传送轴用于传送所述正极片。这样，在正极片、隔离膜和负极片卷绕形成电极组件后，通过隔离物的设置可以避免或减少析锂。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述隔离物包括基底和涂覆于基底上的延时胶水，所述延时胶水位于所述基底与所述极片之间，所述延时胶水在所述照射装置照射后在所述预设时间内失去粘性，以使所述隔离物在所述预设时间内与所述极片之间失去粘性。这样，可以通过延时胶水和相应的照射装置，实现隔离物在预设时间内的失粘，该方式便于实现。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述照射装置为紫外灯照射装置或红外灯照射装置。这样，便于照射装置的获取。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一传送轴的直径为1.5cm～20cm。这样，便于第一传送轴的加工，同时也便于第一传送轴输送极片。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述隔离物的厚度为3μm～2cm。这样，可以兼顾隔离物的性能和电极组件的体积。
在本申请实施例中，卷绕式的电极组件包括极片和隔离物。隔离物贴附于极片并位于极片的弯折区，这样可以避免或减少正极片的脱嵌的离子通过隔离物嵌入到负极片，从而可以避免负极片的空位不足而导致的析锂等现象。隔离物在预设时间内与极片之间失去粘性，这样可以避免因隔离物与极片之间的粘性的存在而导致的在后续整形等过程中的极片的起皱。因此，本申请的技术方案可以提高电池的性能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一实施例的电极组件的示意图；
图2为图1中的电极组件的俯视图；
图3为图1中的电极组件的正视图；
图4为图1中的电极组件的侧视图；
图5为本申请一实施例的电极组件的示意图；
图6为本申请一实施例的电极组件的示意图；
图7为本申请一实施例的电极组件的示意图；
图8为本申请一实施例的贴附有隔离物的极片的示意图；
图9为本申请一实施例的贴附有隔离物的极片的示意图；
图10为本申请一实施例的电池单体的示意图；
图11为本申请一实施例的电池的示意图；
图12为本申请一实施例的用电装置的示意图；
图13为本申请一实施例的卷绕设备的示意图；
图14为本申请一实施例的卷绕设备的示意图；
图15为本申请一实施例的使用卷绕设备的示意图。
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方体方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件由正极片、负极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极片和负极片之间移动来工作。正极片包括正极 集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为聚丙烯(Polypropylene，PP)或聚乙烯(Polyethylene，PE)等。
为了满足不同的电力需求，电池可以包括多个电池单体，其中，多个电池单体之间可以串联或并联或混联，混联是指串联和并联的混合。可选地，多个电池单体可以先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联组成电池。也就是说，多个电池单体可以直接组成电池，也可以先组成电池模块，电池模块再组成电池。电池再进一步设置于用电装置中，为用电装置提供电能。
电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素，例如，能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数，另外，还需要考虑电池的安全性。电池中的金属离子的析出，例如，析锂是影响电池的电性能和安全性能的主要因素的之一。一旦发生析锂，不但会降低电池的电性能，而且随着析锂量的累加，容易形成枝晶，枝晶有可能会刺破隔离膜，而引发电池内短路，造成安全隐患。
申请人发现，在卷绕式的电极组件中，在靠近电极组件的中心的极片弯折区处，极片的曲率较大，容易在极片的弯折区处发生析锂和活性物质的脱落。此外在电极组件整形过程中，在弯折区处，正极片与负极片之间的间隙变大，会进一步加剧析锂及锂枝晶的形成。上述因素均不利于电池的性能的提高。
基于此，本申请提供了一种卷绕式的电极组件，包括：极片；隔离物，隔离物贴附于极片并位于极片的弯折区，隔离物在预设时间内与极片之间失去粘性。这样可以避免或减少正极片的脱嵌的离子通过隔离物嵌入到负极片，从而可以避免负极片的空位不足而导致的析锂等现象。隔离物在预设时间内与极片之间失去粘性，这样可以避免因隔离物与极片之间的粘性的存在而导致的在后续整形等过程中的极片的起 皱。因此，本申请的技术方案可以提高电池的性能。
图1为本申请一实施例的电极组件的示意图，图2为图1中的电极组件的俯视图，图3为图1中的电极组件的正视图，图4为图1中的电极组件的侧视图。如图1至图4所示，本申请实施例提供了一种卷绕式的电极组件10，电极组件10包括极片11和隔离物12。
极片11包括正极片111和负极片112。
隔离物12贴附于极片11并位于极片11的弯折区11b，其中，隔离物12可以贴附于正极片111也可以贴附于负极片112。
弯折区11b指极片11卷绕时发生弯折的位置。例如，极片11包括平直区11a和弯折区11b，极片11在平直区11a不发生弯折，极片11沿第一方向，例如y方向在平直区11a延伸；极片11的延伸方向在第一方向的两端发生改变，即极片11在弯折区11b发生弯折。
需要注意的是，隔离物12位于极片11的弯折区11b，可以为隔离物12完全覆盖弯折区11b的极片11，也可以部分覆盖弯折区11b的极片11。
极片11在弯折区11b的形状可以为半圆形、椭圆形或接近半圆形或椭圆形的形状。
隔离物12在预设时间内与极片11之间失去粘性。预设时间与隔离物12本身的性质有关，预设时间还可以根据实际需要具体设置。
在制备卷绕式的电极组件10的过程中，通过贴胶机构将隔离物12贴在极片11上后，通过卷绕机构将隔离膜、正极片111、负极片112卷绕成近似椭圆形的卷芯，之后通过整形机构对卷芯整形，从而完成对卷绕式电极组件10的制备。预设时间可以为从隔离物12贴在极片11到卷芯制备完成(对卷芯进形整形前)的这段时间。
在通过卷绕机构卷绕极片11和隔离膜之前，隔离物12与极片11之间具有粘性，以便将隔离物12固定在极片11的相应位置处；在通过卷绕机构完成对极片11和隔离膜的卷绕之后，隔离物12与极片11之间失去粘性。通过卷绕机构的卷绕，隔离物12已经被固定在合适的位置，即固定在正极片111和负极片112之间的弯折区11b处。此时，隔离物12与极片11之间失去粘性，隔离物12也不会从极片11脱落。
可选地，预设时间还可以为从隔离物12贴在极片11到卷芯整形完成的这段时间。
隔离物12在预设时间内与极片11之间失去粘性，这样，可以避免粘性对于极片11的影响。例如，可以避免粘性导致的极片11在整形或受力时的不均匀导致的极片起皱等现象。再例如，可以避免具有粘性的隔离物12与电池中的电解液发生副反应。再例如，可以避免具有粘性的隔离物12将离子，钠离子或锂离子等吸附在隔离物12与贴附隔离物12的极片11之间。这均有利于提高电池的使用寿命、能量密度等。
可选地，电极组件10还包括极耳114，极耳114可以与容纳电极组件10的外壳连接。
在本申请实施例中，卷绕式的电极组件10包括极片11和隔离物12。隔离物12贴附于极片11并位于极片11的弯折区11b，这样可以避免或减少正极片111的脱嵌的离子通过隔离物12嵌入到负极片112，从而可以避免负极片112的空位不足而导致的析锂、析钠等现象。隔离物12在预设时间内与极片11之间失去粘性，这样可以避免因隔离物12与极片11之间的粘性的存在而导致的在后续整形等过程中的极片11的起皱。因此，本申请的技术方案可以提高电池的性能。
在本申请一实施例中，极片11的弯折区11b包括相对设置的第一面1111和第二面1112，隔离物12贴附于极片11的弯折区11b的第一面1111和/或第二面1112。
第一面1111和第二面1112沿极片11的厚度方向相对设置。对于正极片111而言，正极片111的第一面1111和第二面1112分别朝向与该正极片111相邻的负极片112，对于负极片112而言，负极片112的第一面1111和第二面1112分别朝向与该负极片112相邻的正极片111。
隔离物12可以仅贴附于极片11的弯折区11b的第一面1111，也可以仅贴附于极片11的弯折区11b的第二面，也可以同时贴附于极片11的弯折区11b的第一面1111和第二面1112。这样，便于根据实际需要选择隔离物12的贴附位置和数量，从而便于根据实际需要得到相应厚度的电极组件10，并实现相应的隔离效果。
在本申请一实施例中，极片11包括正极片111，隔离物12贴附于正极片111的弯折区11b的第一面1111和/或第二面1112。
在卷绕式的电极组件10中，对于处于相同圈数位置的正极片111和负极片112而言，负极片112相对于正极片111靠近电极组件10的中心。例如，第一圈的正极片111相对于第一圈的负极片112远离电极组件10的中心，也可以说，第一圈的正 极片111的周长大于第一圈的负极片112的周长。
正极片111的弯折区11b的第一面1111可以为正极片111的凸面，凸面可以为，对于处于相同圈数位置的正极片111和负极片112而言，正极片111的远离负极片112的表面。
正极片111的弯折区11b的第二面1112可以为正极片111的凹面，凹面可以为，对于处于相同圈数位置的正极片111和负极片112而言，正极片111的朝向负极片112的表面。
在弯折区11b，对于处于相同圈数位置的正极片111和负极片112而言，正极片111相对于负极片112具有更大的面积，导致从正极片111脱嵌的离子的数量多于负极片112中用于容纳离子的空位的数量。通过将隔离物12设置在正极片111的弯折区11b处，可以阻止离子通过隔离物12嵌入负极片112，从而可以避免析锂、析钠等现象的发生。
图5为本申请一实施例的电极组件的示意图。如图5所示，隔离物12贴附于正极片111的弯折区11b的凸面和凹面。通过将隔离物12设置在正极片111的弯折区11b处的凸面和凹面，可以更加充分地阻止离子从隔离物12通过。
图6为本申请一实施例的电极组件的示意图。如图6所示，隔离物12贴附于正极片111的弯折区11b的凹面。通过将隔离物12设置在正极片111的弯折区11b处的凹面，可以避免负极片112的弯折区11b发生析锂或析钠，同时有利于减少电极组件10的整体的厚度和体积。
可选地，隔离物12贴附于正极片111的弯折区11b的凹面的同时，也可以贴附于负极片111的弯折区11b的凸面。也就是说，隔离物12可以与正极片111贴附，也可以与正极片111和负极片112同时贴附，例如，通过粘接的方式贴附。
可选地，隔离物12设置在负极片112的弯折区11b的凸面和凹面，即，负极片112的两个表面在弯折区11b处均设置有隔离物12。
在本申请一实施例中，电极组件10包括N圈正极片111，隔离物12设置于正极片111的靠近电极组件10的中心的1～5圈的弯折区11b处，其中，N≥5。
距离电极组件10的中心越远，在弯折区11b处，正极片111与负极片112的的面积差越小，负极片112的弯折区11b处越不容易发生析锂。因此，在正极片111的靠近电极组件10的中心的1～5圈的弯折区11b处设置隔离物12，既可以避免析锂， 又可以减小电极组件10的厚度，从而可以减小电极组件10的体积，有利于提高电池的体积能量密度。
在电极组件10中，正极片111和负极片112的圈数可以根据实际需要具体设置，例如，可以设置为20～100圈。
图7为本申请一实施例的电极组件的示意图。在本申请一实施例中，如图7所示，电极组件10还包括隔离膜13，隔离膜13位于正极片111和负极片112之间以隔离正极片111和负极片112；隔离物12与隔离膜13连接。
隔离膜13设置有空隙，离子(例如锂离子、钠离子)可以通过隔离膜13在正极片111和负极片112之间移动，从而实现电极组件10或电池的正常运行。
隔离物12与隔离膜13连接，可以为，隔离物12位于隔离膜13和极片11之间。通过隔离物12的设置，可以阻止离子通过从正极片111穿过隔离物12，进而离子也不会穿过与隔离物12对应设置的隔离膜13。
在极片11的非弯折区11b或平直区11a处，离子可以脱离正极片111，经过隔离膜13后，嵌入到负极片112中。
在本申请一实施例中，隔离物12用于阻止从正极片111的脱嵌的离子通过隔离物12。这样，可以避免在负极片112的弯折区11b处发生析锂、析钠等现象，从而可以提高电池的安全性。
在本申请一实施例中，隔离物12在预设波段的灯光照射后，在预设时间内失去粘性。这样，通过预设波段的灯光的照射，可以使隔离物12在预设时间内失去粘性。
图8为本申请一实施例的贴附有隔离物的极片的示意图，图9为本申请一实施例的贴附有隔离物的极片的示意图。在本申请一实施例中，如图8和图9所示，隔离物12包括基底121和涂覆于基底上的延时胶水122，延时胶水122位于基底121与极片11之间，延时胶水122在预设波段的灯光照射后在预设时间内失去粘性，以使隔离物12在预设时间内与极片11之间失去粘性。这样，可以通过延时胶水，实现隔离物在预设时间内的失粘，该方式便于实现。
在本申请一实施例中，基底121的材料为纤维、高分子聚合物、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、橡胶、无纺布中的至少一种。该材料便于获取，从而便于隔离物12的制备。
例如，基底121的材料可以为聚酯类、铁氟龙等。
可选地，基底121为无孔结构的基底，这样，锂离子等离子无法进入及通过基底121。
可选地，基底121也可以为具有一定微孔结构的基底，只要能阻止锂离子等离子的通过即可。
在本申请一实施例中，延时胶水122为紫外延时胶水或红外延时胶水。该胶水便于获取，从而便于隔离物12的制备。
可选地，延时胶水122在固化后，即在紫外光或红外光照射后，可以阻止锂离子等离子的通过。
在本申请一实施例中，隔离物12的厚度d1为3μm～2cm。例如，隔离物12的厚度可以为3μm，100μm，0.2cm，1cm，2cm等。
通过将隔离物12的厚度d1设置在3μm～2cm，即可以避免隔离物12的厚度过小带来的制备工艺的复杂，又可以避免隔离物12的厚度过大导致的电极组件10的厚度过大。此外，隔离物12的合适的厚度还可以保证隔离物12的隔离性能。
可选地，隔离物12的宽度k为0.1cm～20cm，隔离物12的宽度为沿极片11的弯折方向的尺寸。隔离物12的宽度可以根据极片11的弯折区11b的尺寸，以及具体需要设置。例如，隔离物12的宽度可以为0.1cm，1cm，5cm，10cm，15cm，20cm等。
图10为本申请一实施例的电池单体的示意图。如图10所示，本申请提供一种电池单体20，包括上文所述的卷绕式电极组件10和外壳21，外壳21用于容纳电极组件10。
图11为本申请一实施例的电池的示意图。如图11所示，本申请提供一种电池1，包括上文所述电池单体20和箱体11，箱体11用于容纳电池单体20。
图12为本申请一实施例的用电装置的示意图。如图12所示，本申请提供一种用电装置30，包括上文所述的电池1，电池1用于向用电装置30供电。用电装置30可以为车辆，车辆可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆的内部可以设置马达400，控制器300以及电池1，控制器300用来控制电池1为马达400供电。例如，在车辆的底部或车头或车尾可以设置电池1。电池1可以用于车辆的供电，例如，电池10可以作为车辆的操作电源，用于车辆的电路系统，例如，用于车辆的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电 需求。在本申请的另一实施例中，电池1不仅仅可以作为车辆的操作电源，还可以作为车辆的驱动电源，替代或部分地替代燃油或天然气为车辆提供驱动动力。
图13为本申请一实施例的卷绕设备的示意图。如图13所示，本申请提供一种卷绕设备50，用于制备卷绕式的电极组件10。卷绕设备50包括第一传送轴51和照射装置52。
第一传送轴51用于传送极片11，极片11贴附有隔离物12。
第一传送轴51可以传送正极片111，也可以传送负极片112。第一传送轴51的长度可以根据极片11的尺寸具体设置，本申请对此不作具体限制。
照射装置52用于照射贴附于极片11的隔离物12，以使隔离物12在预设时间内与极片11之间失去粘性。
在本申请实施例中，通过照射装置52照射隔离物12，隔离物12在预设时间内与极片11之间失去粘性，可以防止在后续整形过程中因为粘性的存在而导致的极片11起皱，有利于提升电极组件10和电池的性能。
图14为本申请一实施例的卷绕设备的示意图。在本申请一实施例中，如图14所示，照射装置52设置于第一传送轴51的内部，用于在第一传送轴51传送极片11时照射隔离物12。这样，照射装置52设置于第一传送轴51内，可以节省照射装置52所占用的空间。
在本申请一实施例中，第一传送轴51包括第一半轴511和第二半轴512。
照射装置52设置于第一半轴511内。也就是说，第一半轴511的内部具有空心结构，用于容纳照射装置511。
可选地，照射装置52可以设置在可转动的固定轴上，固定轴设置在第一传送轴51的内部，第一传送轴51在固定轴的带动下转动，以传送极片11。
可选地，照射装置52通过卡接结构与第一半轴511连接。例如，照射装置52上设置有卡扣，第一半轴511设置有与卡扣对应的卡槽，通过卡扣与卡槽的配合实现照射装置52与第一半轴511的连接。
可选地，照射装置52还可以通过内置螺栓或粘接的方式与第一半轴511连接。
第二半轴512与第一半轴511连接，第二半轴512设置有透光区域513，透光区域513与照射装置52对应设置，以使照射装置52的光通过透光区域513射出。
透光区域513可以由高聚物、亚克力板、有机玻璃等材质制成。
可选地，第二半轴512全部由透明材料制成。
在该实施例中，可以使位于第一传送轴51内的照射装置52发出的光通过透光区域513射出，从而保证隔离物12可以受到照射装置52的照射。
在本申请一实施例中，第一半轴511和第二半轴512设置有卡接结构514，第一半轴511和第二半轴512通过卡接结构514卡接。
例如，第一半轴511的内壁上设置有卡扣槽514a，第二半轴512的内壁上设置有与卡扣槽514a对应的卡扣514b，通过卡扣槽514a与卡扣514b的卡接实现第一半轴511和第二半轴512的卡接。
在该实施例中，通过内置的卡接结构514实现了第一半轴511和第二半轴512的连接，不会影响第一传送轴51传送极片11。
可选地，第一半轴511和第二半轴512通过铰接、粘接、螺栓连接等方式连接。
在本申请一实施例中，第一半轴5111和/或第二半轴512的轴壁的厚度为0.5cm～18cm。这样，可以兼顾第一半轴511和第二半轴512的结构强度和体积。
在第一半轴511和第二半轴512为空心结构的情况下，轴壁的厚度d2为第一第一半轴511或第二半轴512的外壁和内壁之间的最大距离。其中，外壁为第一半轴511或第二半轴512与极片11接触的外表面，内壁为第一半轴511或第二半轴512与照射装置52接触或朝向照射装置52的内表面。
在本申请一实施例中，卷绕设备50还包括控制单元53和测距机构54。
测距机构54用于测量第一长度，第一长度为经过第一传送轴51的极片11的长度。
测距机构54可以设置在第一传送轴51上，这样，可以测量第一传送轴51所传送的极片11的长度。
可选地，测距机构54距离第一传送轴51一定的距离，根据测距机构54测得的信息，可以确定经过第一传送轴51的极片11的长度。
可选地，测距机构54还可以感测极耳的数量以及极耳上的标记等，测距机构54可以根据极耳的数量确定隔离物12的位置。
控制单元53用于根据第一长度，控制照射装置52开启或关闭。
隔离物12设置在极片11的特定位置处，根据第一长度，可以确定隔离物12是否传送至照射装置52的对应位置处。
例如，在照射装置52设置在第一传送轴51的内部的情况下，控制单元53可以根据第一长度判断贴附有隔离物12的极片部分是否已经被传送到第一传送轴51或即将被传送到第一传送轴51，以便于控制单元53控制照射装置52的开启。在贴附有隔离物12的极片部分已经传送过第一传送轴51的情况下，控制单元53可以控制照射装置52关闭。
再例如，在照射装置52与第一传送轴51设置于不同的位置处的情况下，控制单元53可以根据测距机构54的测量信息，控制照射装置52开启或关闭。
在该实施例中，通过测距机构54和控制单元53的设置，便于及时检测到隔离物12并对隔离物12进行照射。
可选地，测距机构54的形状可以为圆柱形、立方体形、椭圆形等。
在本申请一实施例中，卷绕设备50还包括颜色感应机构55，颜色感应机构55用于感应隔离物12或极片11的颜色；控制单元53用于根据颜色感应机构55感应到的颜色，控制照射装置52开启或关闭。
隔离物12和极片11可以具有不同的颜色，在颜色感应机构55感应到隔离物12的颜色时，控制单元53可以控制照射装置52开启。这样，通过颜色感应机构55和测距机构54的设置，可以进一步提升感测隔离物12的准确性，以便于及时地控制照射装置52的开启。
在颜色感应机构55感应到极片11的颜色时，控制单元53可以控制照射装置52关闭。
在本申请一实施例中，控制单元53、颜色感应机构55和测距机构54设置于照射装置52内。也可以说，照射装置52为具有距离和颜色感应功能的智能照射装置。这样，可以节省卷绕设备50的占用空间，同时也便于照射装置52的制备。
可选地，照射装置52为紫外自适应定时灯，可以根据预先设置好的时间间隔自动开启或关闭。
图15为本申请一实施例的使用卷绕设备的示意图。在本申请一实施例中，如图15所示，隔离物12贴附于正极片111的表面，第一传送轴51用于传送正极片111。
如图15所示，卷绕设备50为第一传送轴51和照射装着52集成为一体的设备。卷绕设备50用于传送正极片111，正极片111的两个表面均贴附有隔离物12，通过两个卷绕设备50，可以对正极片111的两个表面的隔离物12进行照射。
可选地，在使用卷绕设备50对贴附在正极片111的隔离物12照射后，贴附有隔离物12的正极片111，隔离膜113和负极片112经卷针卷绕并整形后，形成卷绕式的电极组件10。可选地，在形成的卷绕式电极组件10中，隔离物12位于极片11的弯折区11b。
在该实施例中，在正极片111、隔离膜113和负极片112卷绕形成电极组件10后，通过隔离物12的设置可以避免或减少析锂。
在本申请一实施例中，隔离物12包括基底121和涂覆于基底121上的延时胶水122，延时胶水122位于基底121与极片11之间，延时胶水122在照射装置52照射后在预设时间内失去粘性，以使隔离物12在预设时间内与极片11之间失去粘性。这样，可以通过延时胶水122和相应的照射装置52，实现隔离物12在预设时间内的失粘，该方式便于实现。
在本申请一实施例中，照射装置52为紫外灯照射装置或红外灯照射装置。例如，照射装置内设置有灯管56，灯管可以为紫外灯管或红外灯管，照射装置52可以通过紫外灯管发射紫外光，通过红外灯管发射红外光。
在该实施例中，照射装置52为紫外灯照射装置或红外灯照射装置，这便于照射装置52的获取。
在本申请一实施例中，第一传送轴51的直径d3为1.5cm～20cm。例如，第一传送轴51的直径可以为1.5cm，2cm，3cm，5cm，10cm，15cm，20cm等。这样，便于第一传送轴51的加工，同时也便于根据极片11的大小设置第一传送轴51，以便于第一传送轴51输送极片11。
在本申请一实施例中，隔离物12的厚度d1为3μm～2cm。这样，可以兼顾隔离物12的性能和电极组件10的体积。
本申请提供一种卷绕设备50，包括第一传送轴51和照射装置52。第一传送轴51用于传送极片11，极片11贴附有隔离物12。照射装置52用于照射贴附于极片11的隔离物12，以使隔离物12在预设时间内与极片11之间失去粘性。通过卷绕设备50可以制备卷绕式的电极组件10，电极组件10包括极片11和隔离物12。隔离物12 贴附于极片11并位于极片11的弯折区11b，这样可以避免或减少正极片111的脱嵌的离子通过隔离物嵌入到负极片112，从而可以避免负极片112的空位不足而导致的析锂等现象。隔离物12在预设时间内与极片11之间失去粘性，这样可以避免因隔离物12与极片11之间的粘性的存在而导致的在后续整形等过程中的极片11的起皱。因此，本申请的技术方案可以提高电池的性能。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (27)

  1. 一种卷绕式的电极组件(10)，其特征在于，包括：
    极片(11)；
    隔离物(12)，所述隔离物(12)贴附于所述极片(11)的弯折区(11b)，所述隔离物(12)在预设时间内与所述极片(11)之间失去粘性。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电极组件(10)，其特征在于，所述极片(11)的弯折区(11b)包括相对设置的第一面(1111)与第二面(1112)，所述隔离物(12)贴附于所述极片(11)的所述弯折区(11b)的所述第一面(1111)和/或所述第二面(1112)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电极组件(10)，其特征在于，所述极片(11)包括正极片(111)，所述隔离物(12)贴附于所述正极片(111)的所述弯折区(11b)的所述第一面(1111)和/或所述第二面(1112)。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电极组件(10)，其特征在于，所述电极组件(10)包括N圈正极片(111)，所述隔离物(12)设置于所述正极片(111)的靠近所述电极组件(10)的中心的1～5圈的弯折区(11b)处，其中，N≥5。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的电极组件(10)，其特征在于，所述电极组件(10)还包括隔离膜(13)，所述隔离膜(13)位于正极片(111)和负极片(112)之间以隔离所述正极片(111)和所述负极片(112)；
    所述隔离物(12)与所述隔离膜(13)连接。
  6. 根据权利要求3-5中任一项所述的电极组件(10)，其特征在于，所述隔离物(12)用于阻止从所述正极片(111)的脱嵌的离子通过所述隔离物(12)。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电极组件(10)，其特征在于，所述隔离物(12)在预设波段的灯光照射后，在所述预设时间内失去粘性。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的电极组件(10)，其特征在于，所述隔离物(12)包括基底(121)和涂覆于基底(121)上的延时胶水(122)，所述延时胶水(122)位于所述基底(121)与所述极片(11)之间，所述延时胶水(122)在预设波段的灯光照射后在所述预设时间内失去粘性，以使所述隔离物(12)在所述预设时间内与所述极片(11)之间失去粘性。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电极组件(10)，其特征在于，所述基底(121)的材料为纤维、高分子聚合物、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、橡胶、无纺布中的至少一种。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的电极组件(10)，其特征在于，所述延时胶水(122)为紫外延时胶水(122)或红外延时胶水(122)。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的电极组件(10)，其特征在于，所述隔离物(12)的厚度(d1)为3μm～2cm。
  12. 一种电池单体(20)，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的电极组件(10)；
    外壳(21)，所述外壳(21)用于容纳所述电极组件(10)。
  13. 一种电池(1)，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求12所述的电池单体(20)；
    箱体(11)，所述箱体用于容纳所述电池单体(20)。
  14. 一种用电装置(30)，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求13所述的电池(1)，所述电池(1)用于向所述用电装置(30)供电。
  15. 一种卷绕设备(50)，其特征在于，用于制备卷绕式的电极组件(10)，所述卷绕设备(50)包括：
    第一传送轴(51)，所述第一传送轴(51)用于传送极片(11)，所述极片(11)贴附有隔离物(12)；
    照射装置(52)，所述照射装置(52)用于照射贴附于所述极片(11)的所述隔离物(12)，以使所述隔离物(12)在预设时间内与所述极片(11)之间失去粘性。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的卷绕设备(50)，其特征在于，所述照射装置(52)设置于所述第一传送轴(51)的内部，用于在所述第一传送轴(51)传送所述极片(11)时照射所述隔离物(12)。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的卷绕设备(50)，其特征在于，所述第一传送轴(51)包括：
    第一半轴(511)，所述照射装置(52)设置于所述第一半轴(511)内；
    第二半轴(512)，所述第二半轴(512)与所述第一半轴(511)连接，所述第二半轴(512)设置有透光区域(513)，所述透光区域(513)与所述照射装置(52)对 应设置，以使所述照射装置(52)的光通过所述透光区域(513)射出。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的卷绕设备(50)，其特征在于，所述第一半轴(511)和所述第二半轴(512)设置有卡接结构(514)，所述第一半轴(511)和所述第二半轴(512)通过所述卡接结构(514)卡接。
  19. 根据权利要求17或18所述的卷绕设备(50)，其特征在于，所述第一半轴(511)和/或所述第二半轴(512)的轴壁的厚度(d2)为0.5cm～18cm。
  20. 根据权利要求15-19中任一项所述的卷绕设备(50)，其特征在于，所述卷绕设备(50)还包括控制单元(53)和测距机构(54)；
    所述测距机构(54)用于测量第一长度，所述第一长度为经过所述第一传送轴(51)的所述极片(11)的长度；
    所述控制单元(53)用于根据所述第一长度，控制所述照射装置(52)开启或关闭。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的卷绕设备(50)，其特征在于，所述卷绕设备(50)还包括颜色感应机构(55)，所述颜色感应机构(55)用于感应所述隔离物(12)或所述极片(11)的颜色；
    所述控制单元(53)用于根据所述颜色感应机构(55)感应到的颜色，控制所述照射装置(52)开启或关闭。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的卷绕设备(50)，其特征在于，所述控制单元(53)、所述颜色感应机构(55)和所述测距机构(54)设置于所述照射装置(52)内。
  23. 根据权利要求15-22中任一项所述的卷绕设备(50)，其特征在于，所述隔离物(12)贴附于正极片(111)的表面，所述第一传送轴(51)用于传送所述正极片(111)。
  24. 根据权利要求15-23中任一项所述的卷绕设备(50)，其特征在于，所述隔离物(12)包括基底(121)和涂覆于基底(121)上的延时胶水(122)，所述延时胶水(122)位于所述基底(121)与所述极片(11)之间，所述延时胶水(122)在所述照射装置(52)照射后在所述预设时间内失去粘性，以使所述隔离物(12)在所述预设时间内与所述极片(11)之间失去粘性。
  25. 根据权利要求15-24中任一项所述的卷绕设备(50)，其特征在于，所述照射 装置(52)为紫外灯照射装置或红外灯照射装置。
  26. 根据权利要求15-25中任一项所述的卷绕设备(50)，其特征在于，所述第一传送轴(51)的直径(d3)为1.5cm～20cm。
  27. 根据权利要求15-26中任一项所述的卷绕设备(50)，其特征在于，所述隔离物(12)的厚度(d1)为3μm～2cm。
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CN118679616A (zh) 2024-09-20
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US20250023087A1 (en) 2025-01-16

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