WO2024091013A1 - 차량용 디스플레이 장치 및 그 제어 방법 - Google Patents
차량용 디스플레이 장치 및 그 제어 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024091013A1 WO2024091013A1 PCT/KR2023/016728 KR2023016728W WO2024091013A1 WO 2024091013 A1 WO2024091013 A1 WO 2024091013A1 KR 2023016728 W KR2023016728 W KR 2023016728W WO 2024091013 A1 WO2024091013 A1 WO 2024091013A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N3/00—Computing arrangements based on biological models
- G06N3/02—Neural networks
- G06N3/08—Learning methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T19/00—Manipulating three-dimensional [3D] models or images for computer graphics
- G06T19/006—Mixed reality
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
- B60K35/20—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
- B60K35/21—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor using visual output, e.g. blinking lights or matrix displays
- B60K35/23—Head-up displays [HUD]
- B60K35/233—Head-up displays [HUD] controlling the size or position in display areas of virtual images depending on the condition of the vehicle or the driver
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
- B60K35/20—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
- B60K35/21—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor using visual output, e.g. blinking lights or matrix displays
- B60K35/23—Head-up displays [HUD]
- B60K35/235—Head-up displays [HUD] with means for detecting the driver's gaze direction or eye points
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
- B60K35/20—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
- B60K35/28—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor characterised by the type of the output information, e.g. video entertainment or vehicle dynamics information; characterised by the purpose of the output information, e.g. for attracting the attention of the driver
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N20/00—Machine learning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N3/00—Computing arrangements based on biological models
- G06N3/02—Neural networks
- G06N3/04—Architecture, e.g. interconnection topology
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06N3/092—Reinforcement learning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
- B60K2360/16—Type of output information
- B60K2360/177—Augmented reality
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
- G02B2027/0183—Adaptation to parameters characterising the motion of the vehicle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
- G02B2027/0187—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed slaved to motion of at least a part of the body of the user, e.g. head, eye
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a vehicle display device, and more specifically, to a vehicle display device capable of implementing an augmented reality-based head-up display by projecting an augmented reality object (or augmented reality image or graphic) to correspond to a target object (or external object). It relates to a display device and its control method.
- a vehicle is a device that moves the user in the desired direction.
- a representative example is a car.
- a vehicle display device is installed inside the vehicle.
- a display is arranged in a cluster etc. to display various information.
- various displays such as AVN (Audio Video Navigation) displays and head-up displays that output projected images on the windshield, in vehicles, separately from the cluster.
- AVN Audio Video Navigation
- head-up displays that output projected images on the windshield, in vehicles, separately from the cluster.
- head-up displays are increasing.
- the vehicle display device may unintentionally project the augmented reality object to an undesired location.
- the external environment may include at least one of the movement of the vehicle, the ground (topography) condition of the road, and the physical condition and movement of the driver (user).
- the present disclosure is proposed to solve the above-described problems, and its purpose is to provide a vehicle display device and a control method that allows augmented reality objects to be projected at a desired location despite changes in the external environment while the vehicle is running. do.
- an image generating unit for outputting an augmented reality object corresponding to a target object, a mirror for reflecting the augmented reality object, and determining a projection position of the augmented reality object. It includes a storage unit that stores an objective function, and a control unit that receives the state of the vehicle and controls the image generation unit to calibrate the image generation unit that outputs the augmented reality object based on the received state of the vehicle and the objective function.
- a display device for a vehicle can be provided.
- the objective function can be generated through reinforcement learning of an artificial intelligence model.
- the objective function may be generated by combining the reinforcement learned artificial intelligence model and the Newton Rapson model.
- the state of the vehicle is at least one of vehicle attitude information, vehicle collision information, vehicle direction information, vehicle location information (GPS information), vehicle angle information, vehicle speed information, vehicle acceleration information, vehicle tilt information, and vehicle forward/backward information. It can contain one.
- the control unit further receives the state of the target object and controls the image generation unit to calibrate the image generation unit that outputs the augmented reality object based on the received state of the target object, the state of the vehicle, and the objective function. You can.
- the state of the target object may include information about at least one of the presence or absence of the target object, the type of the target object, the shape of the target object, the size of the target object, and the movement of the target object.
- the control unit further receives the user's state, and calibrates the image generating unit to output the augmented reality object based on the received user's state, the state of the target object, the state of the vehicle, and the objective function. You can control it to do so.
- the user's status may include information about at least one of the presence or absence of the user and the location of the user's eyebox.
- the vehicle display device further includes a mirror driving unit for performing at least one of movement and rotation of the mirror, and the control unit controls the received state of the user, the state of the target object, the state of the vehicle, and the purpose. Based on the function, the mirror driving unit may be controlled to perform at least one of movement and rotation of the mirror.
- the artificial intelligence model may be based on the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm or the Soft Actor-Critic (SAC) algorithm.
- PPO Proximal Policy Optimization
- SAC Soft Actor-Critic
- the step of receiving the state of the vehicle, and the objective function for determining the projection position of the augmented reality object corresponding to the target object and the received vehicle A method of controlling a display device for a vehicle including a step of calibrating an image generating unit that outputs the augmented reality object based on the state can be provided.
- a vehicle display device can provide a more accurate augmented reality-based head-up display to the user by projecting an augmented reality object to a desired location despite changes in the external environment while the vehicle is running. There is an advantage to being able to do this.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the exterior and interior of a vehicle.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 are diagrams showing various examples of the internal configuration of a vehicle display device related to the present disclosure.
- Figure 4 shows an example of an augmented reality-based vehicle head-up display implemented by a vehicle display device according to one aspect of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining virtual image displacement in the vehicle display device of FIG. 3.
- Figure 6 is a table showing comparison results between predicted values by modeling and regression.
- Figure 7 shows the relationship between normalized domain and range.
- Figure 8 explains the parameters of Equation 10 and Equation 11 of the present disclosure.
- Figure 9 shows parameters for reinforcement learning to increase overlap between augmented reality objects and target objects provided by the vehicle display device according to the present disclosure.
- Figure 10 shows the PSD of several terrains.
- Figure 11 shows simulation class classification according to the degrees of freedom of vehicle, target object, and eyebox.
- Figure 12 shows overlap between an augmented reality object and a target object when there is no projection correction of the augmented reality object.
- Figures 13 and 14 show overlap between an augmented reality object and a target object when projection correction of an augmented reality object is performed in class 1 according to one aspect of the present disclosure.
- Figures 15 and 16 show overlap between an augmented reality object and a target object when projection correction of an augmented reality object is performed in class 2 according to one aspect of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 17 illustrates overlap between an augmented reality object and a target object when projection correction of an augmented reality object is performed in classes 3 and 4 according to an aspect of the present disclosure.
- Figure 18 is a flowchart of generating an objective function for overlap between an augmented reality object and a target object according to one aspect of the present disclosure.
- Figures 19 and 20 show overlap between an augmented reality object and a target object when projection correction of an augmented reality object is performed based on an objective function generated by combining a traditional method and reinforcement learning according to one aspect of the present disclosure.
- 21 is a block diagram of a vehicle according to one aspect of the present disclosure.
- Figure 22 shows a learning processor according to one aspect of the present disclosure.
- Figure 23 is a flowchart of implementation of an augmented reality-based head-up display according to an aspect of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the exterior and interior of a vehicle.
- the vehicle 200 includes a plurality of wheels (103FR, 103FL, 103RL,...) rotated by a power source, and a steering wheel 150 for controlling the moving direction of the vehicle 200. It can be operated by .
- the vehicle 200 may further be equipped with a camera 195 for acquiring images in front of the vehicle.
- the vehicle 200 may be equipped with a plurality of displays 180a, 180b, and 180h for displaying images, information, etc. inside.
- the first display 180a may be a cluster display
- the second display 180b may be an Audio Video Navigation (AVN) display
- the third display 180a may be a cluster display.
- the display 180h may be a head up display (HUD) in which an image is projected onto a predetermined area (Ara) of the windshield (WS).
- the predetermined area (Ara) may correspond to the user's (or driver's) eye area or the user's field of view (Eye Box).
- the vehicle display device of the present disclosure is a device for HUD (180h).
- a black masking area or a frit area Fz may be formed in the lower area of the windshield WS, as shown in the drawing.
- the vehicle 200 described in this specification may be a concept that includes all vehicles including an engine as a power source, a hybrid vehicle having an engine and an electric motor as a power source, and an electric vehicle having an electric motor as a power source. there is.
- the vehicle 200 described in this specification is a concept that includes vehicles for all purposes, such as passenger, commercial, military, and construction purposes.
- 2 and 3 are diagrams showing various examples of the internal configuration of a vehicle display device related to the present disclosure.
- Figure 2 shows an example of a vehicle display device related to the present disclosure.
- a vehicle display device 100x related to the present disclosure is a liquid crystal display panel (or a picture generation unit (PGU) 300x) that outputs a projected image
- the image generating unit includes a fold mirror 315x that reflects the projected image, and a concave mirror 325x that reflects the projected image from the fold mirror 315x to the windshield WS.
- PGU picture generation unit
- the projected image reflected from a predetermined area (Arx) of the windshield (WS) is output to the driver's line of sight area (Ara).
- the concave mirror 325x in the vehicle display device 100x is disposed between the liquid crystal display panel 300x and the driver's gaze area Ara. That is, the concave mirror (325x) is located within two virtual parallel lines passing through the liquid crystal display panel (300x) and the driver's line of sight area (Ara), respectively, at an interval corresponding to the separation distance between the liquid crystal display panel (300x) and the driver's line of sight area (Ara). can be located.
- the concave mirror 325x in the vehicle display device 100x determines the arrangement of the projected image and the position of the light source.
- the size SZx of the vehicle display device 100x can be reduced.
- FIG 3 shows another example of a vehicle display device related to the present disclosure.
- a vehicle display device 100y related to the present disclosure includes a liquid crystal display panel 300y that outputs a projected image, a fold mirror 315y that reflects the projected image from the liquid crystal display panel 300y, and a fold It includes a concave mirror 325y that reflects the projected image from the mirror 315y, and a transparent cover 335y that outputs the projected image from the concave mirror 325y to the windshield WS.
- the projected image reflected from a predetermined area (Ary) of the windshield (WS) is output to the driver's line of sight area (Ara).
- the concave mirror 325y in the vehicle display device 100y is disposed in front of the liquid crystal display panel 300y and the driver's viewing area Ara.
- the liquid crystal display panel 300y in the vehicle display device 100y is disposed between the concave mirror 325y and the driver's gaze area Ara. That is, the liquid crystal display panel 300y is located within two virtual parallel lines passing through the concave mirror 325y and the driver's gaze area Ara, respectively, at an interval corresponding to the separation distance between the concave mirror 325y and the driver's gaze area Ara. can be located
- the concave mirror 325y in the vehicle display device 100y determines the arrangement of the projected image and the position of the light source.
- the size (SZy) of the vehicle display device 100y can be reduced.
- reference numeral “100” will be used to collectively refer to the vehicle display device of FIG. 2 and the vehicle display device of FIG. 3.
- the vehicle head-up display described below is not limited to the vehicle head-up display type shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and can be applied to all types of vehicle head-up displays that view a virtual image reflected on a windshield.
- Figure 4 shows an example of an augmented reality-based vehicle head-up display implemented by a vehicle display device according to one aspect of the present disclosure.
- a vehicle 200 (or head-up display 180h), a driver 300 (or driver eyebox 310), and a subject object. (400) may be considered.
- the vehicle 200 which is a dynamic element, is affected not only by the random inclination and unevenness of the ground 500 and the suspension of the vehicle 200, but also by the number and weight of passengers and tire air pressure. This random dynamic factor makes it difficult to connect between the freeform design of the head-up display 180h for the vehicle display device 100 and the target object 200 targeted by augmented reality.
- the image output from the PGU (300x, 300y) of the vehicle display device 100 is projected as a virtual augmented reality object on the front head-up display (180h) through the intermediate optical system, and the projected augmented reality object (110) Can only be observed in the driver's field of view (Eyebox) 310, which is the range within which both eyes of the driver 300 can move. Due to this specificity, it is virtually impossible to track the location of the virtual image in real time.
- the optical system due to the off-axis design of the vehicle display device 100 reacts sensitively to the decrease in continuity, so even a small error in linear optimization in a narrow section of the EKF method It could be greatly expanded depending on the area it passed through, and therefore showed limitations in maintaining uniformity over the entire area.
- EKF Extended Kalman Filter
- the dimension of the model will be limited to two dimensions and only displacement in the vertical direction will be considered.
- the displacement due to the change in the shape of the vehicle due to force can be ignored because the vehicle is made of a rigid body and is insignificant.
- the displacement of the virtual image obtained in Equation 1 may vary the displacement of the pixel for generating the virtual image on the PGU (300x, 300y) in order to maintain overlap with the target object 400, which is assumed to be in a static state in front. .
- a general optical system constituting the vehicle display device 100 includes the PGU (300x, 300y), the fold (flat) mirror (315x, 315y), and the concave mirror (325x, 325y). and a wind shield (WS).
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining virtual image displacement in the vehicle display device of FIG. 3.
- d1, d2, and d3 which are displacements of virtual images in each of the fold mirror 315y, the concave mirror 325y, and the windshield WS, can be calculated as Equation 2 below.
- Equation 2 dB is equivalent to Equation 3 below.
- Equation 3 dc is equivalent to Equation 4 below.
- Equation 4 da is equivalent to Equation 5 below.
- one goal of the present disclosure is to obtain the value of the displacement (DC) of the pixel on the PGU that satisfies Equation 6 below.
- Figure 6 is a table showing comparison results between predicted values by modeling and regression.
- Figure 7 shows the relationship between normalized domain and range. Through Figure 7, we can see the sensitivity in the relationship between the normalized domain and range.
- EKF Extended Kalman Filter
- Equation 7 state variables can be determined as shown in Equation 7 below.
- Equation 8 the system modeling is as Equation 8 below and the Jacobian matrix is as Equation 9.
- Machine learning refers to the field of defining various problems dealt with in the field of artificial intelligence and researching methodologies to solve them. do.
- Machine learning is also defined as an algorithm that improves the performance of a task through consistent experience.
- ANN Artificial Neural Network
- ANN is a model used in machine learning and can refer to an overall model with problem-solving capabilities that is composed of artificial neurons (nodes) that form a network through the combination of synapses.
- Artificial neural networks can be defined by connection patterns between neurons in different layers, a learning process that updates model parameters, and an activation function that generates output values.
- An artificial neural network may include an input layer, an output layer, and optionally one or more hidden layers. Each layer includes one or more neurons, and the artificial neural network may include synapses connecting neurons. In an artificial neural network, each neuron can output the activation function value for the input signals, weight, and bias input through the synapse.
- Model parameters refer to parameters determined through learning and include the weight of synaptic connections and the bias of neurons.
- Hyperparameters refer to parameters that must be set before learning in a machine learning algorithm, and include learning rate, number of repetitions, mini-batch size, initialization function, etc.
- the purpose of artificial neural network learning can be seen as determining model parameters that minimize the loss function.
- the loss function can be used as an indicator to determine optimal model parameters in the learning process of an artificial neural network.
- Machine learning can be classified into supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning depending on the learning method.
- Supervised learning refers to a method of training an artificial neural network with a label for the learning data given.
- a label is the correct answer (or result value) that the artificial neural network must infer when learning data is input to the artificial neural network. It can mean.
- Unsupervised learning can refer to a method of training an artificial neural network in a state where no labels for training data are given.
- Reinforcement learning can refer to a learning method in which an agent defined within an environment learns to select an action or action sequence that maximizes the cumulative reward in each state.
- machine learning implemented with a deep neural network is also called deep learning, and deep learning is a part of machine learning.
- machine learning is used to include deep learning.
- the above algorithm for artificial intelligence can be learned by the control unit (not shown) of the vehicle 200 for controlling the vehicle display device.
- the algorithm for artificial intelligence as described above may be learned in advance at the time of factory shipment and installed in the control unit of the vehicle 200.
- DRL deep reinforcement learning
- PPO Proximal Policy Optimization
- SAC Soft Actor-Critic
- Equation 10 the state and action are as Equation 10 and Equation 11 below, respectively.
- the compensation function has a negative distance difference between the static target object 400 and the imaging point of the chief ray determined by the focal length, and is expressed in Equation 12 below.
- the vehicle display device 100y has a magnification that means the ratio of the sizes of the PGU 300y and the virtual augmented reality object 110 at the end, and the position of the augmented reality object 110 is the displacement amount of the control variable. It shows the amount of movement magnified by the contrast magnification. Therefore, since the agent's displacement area for minimizing the objective function can be seen as taking up a very small proportion of the entire search area, the area with the highest reliability as a result of performing actions and continuous updates in the search area performed in a wide area The PPO algorithm shown in Equation 13 below was selected to determine the policy.
- VF of the left-hand variable is the error loss of the value function
- S is the entropy weight
- the left-hand variable is the C1 and C2 terms that determine the degree of proxy loss in the Clip term that limits the correlation with the previous policy of the right-hand variable. It can be decided by the sum difference.
- the off-policy SAC Soft Actor-Critic
- Equation 14 the off-policy SAC (Soft Actor-Critic) algorithm adds an entropy measurement term as shown in Equation 14 below, enabling exploration of various potential areas excluding low-probability paths.
- entropy can be observed through the H term on the right-hand side, and the importance of entropy observation can be determined through the weight ⁇ .
- the distance between the target object 140 and the augmented reality object 110 expressed as DAR (Distance of shifted AR)
- DVA dynamic visual acuity
- Figure 9 shows parameters for reinforcement learning to increase overlap between augmented reality objects and target objects provided by the vehicle display device according to the present disclosure.
- Simulation class classification according to degree of freedom is as shown in Figure 11.
- Figure 11 shows simulation class classification according to the degrees of freedom of vehicle, target object, and eyebox.
- FIG. 12 shows overlap between an augmented reality object and a target object when there is no projection correction of the augmented reality object.
- Figures 13 and 14 show overlap between an augmented reality object and a target object when projection correction of an augmented reality object is performed in class 1 according to one aspect of the present disclosure.
- a vehicle state detection unit described later may be used for class 1
- the Newton method shows acceptable performance in both DVR and DAR, it has limitations in increasing complexity due to increased degrees of freedom and randomness above class 2.
- Classes 3 and 4 are the most complex cases due to the added displacement of the driver's field of view. As complexity increased, conflicts between agents were sometimes observed and learning became less stable. Nevertheless, both the driver's field of view and the target object were tracked well even in medium road conditions.
- a vehicle state detection unit, a target object detection unit, and a user detection unit which will be described later, may be used.
- FIG. 17 illustrates overlap between an augmented reality object and a target object when projection correction of an augmented reality object is performed in classes 3 and 4 according to an aspect of the present disclosure.
- Figure 18 is a flowchart of generating an objective function for overlap between an augmented reality object and a target object according to one aspect of the present disclosure.
- At least one of the vehicle state, the target object state, and the user state can be observed [S181].
- the state of the vehicle, the state of the target object, and the user state will be described again later.
- An objective function may be generated using the Newton-Raphson or EFK method based on at least one of the observed state of the vehicle, the state of the target object, and the user state [S182].
- the overlap between the augmented reality object and the target object can be first predicted [S183].
- the generated objective function can be tuned based on the reinforcement learning [S184]
- the overlap between the augmented reality object and the target object can be secondarily predicted, and the secondarily predicted overlap can be used for additional learning of the reinforcement learning. [S185].
- Figures 19 and 20 show overlap between an augmented reality object and a target object when projection correction of an augmented reality object is performed based on an objective function generated by combining a traditional method and reinforcement learning according to one aspect of the present disclosure.
- This disclosure introduces reinforcement learning to maintain the overlap between the virtual image and the target object, which is the purpose of the augmented reality object in the vehicle display device, identifies the relationship between key parameter values and the objective function, and shortens the time to reach the ideal value of the objective function for each condition. presented a methodology for stable learning, and compared the performance of objective functions from traditional methodologies to reinforcement learning.
- FIG. 21 is a block diagram of a vehicle according to one aspect of the present disclosure.
- the vehicle 200 may include a user detection unit 2200, a target object detection unit 2300, a vehicle state detection unit 2120, a vehicle display device 100, and a control unit 2170.
- the vehicle 200 may include many other components.
- the user detection unit 2200 is used to detect the presence and status of the driver and/or other passengers in the vehicle 200, and may include an internal camera 2220 and a biometric detection unit 2230.
- the internal camera 2220 can acquire images inside the vehicle.
- the control unit 2170 can detect the state of the user (driver and/or passenger) based on the image inside the vehicle.
- the control unit 2170 can detect the user's field of view (i.e., eyebox) by obtaining the user's gaze information from the image inside the vehicle.
- the control unit 2170 detects the user's gesture in the image inside the vehicle. can do.
- the biometric detection unit 2230 can acquire the user's biometric information.
- the biometric detection unit 2230 includes a sensor that can acquire the user's biometric information, and can obtain the user's fingerprint information, heart rate information, etc. using the sensor. Biometric information can be used for user authentication.
- the target object detection unit 2300 is a device for detecting various target objects (or external objects) located outside the vehicle 200.
- the target object may be various objects related to the operation of the vehicle 200.
- the target objects may include lanes, other vehicles, pedestrians, two-wheeled vehicles, traffic signals, lights, roads, structures, speed bumps, landmarks, animals, etc.
- the target object may be classified into a moving object and a fixed object.
- the moving object may be a concept that includes other vehicles and pedestrians.
- the fixed object may be a concept including a traffic signal, road, or structure.
- the vehicle state detection unit 2120 can sense the state of the vehicle.
- the vehicle state detector 2120 includes a posture sensor (e.g., yaw sensor, roll sensor, pitch sensor), collision sensor, wheel sensor, and speed sensor. Sensor, tilt sensor, weight sensor, heading sensor, yaw sensor, IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) sensor, gyro sensor, position module, vehicle forward/reverse sensor , a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor based on steering wheel rotation, a temperature sensor inside the vehicle, a humidity sensor inside the vehicle, an ultrasonic sensor, an illumination sensor, an accelerator pedal position sensor, a brake pedal position sensor, etc.
- a posture sensor e.g., yaw sensor, roll sensor, pitch sensor
- Sensor tilt sensor, weight sensor, heading sensor, yaw sensor, IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) sensor, gyro sensor, position module, vehicle forward/reverse sensor , a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire
- the vehicle state detector 2120 includes vehicle posture information, vehicle collision information, vehicle direction information, vehicle location information (GPS information), vehicle angle information, vehicle speed information, vehicle acceleration information, vehicle tilt information, and vehicle forward/backward. Sensing information, battery information, fuel information, tire information, vehicle lamp information, vehicle interior temperature information, vehicle interior humidity information, steering wheel rotation angle, vehicle exterior illumination, pressure applied to the accelerator pedal, pressure applied to the brake pedal, etc. A signal can be obtained.
- the vehicle state detection unit 2120 includes an accelerator pedal sensor, a pressure sensor, an engine speed sensor, an air flow sensor (AFS), an intake air temperature sensor (ATS), a water temperature sensor (WTS), It may further include a throttle position sensor (TPS), TDC sensor, crank angle sensor (CAS), etc.
- the vehicle display device 100 may further include a learning processor 2130, a model storage unit 2231, and a mirror driver 340 in addition to the components described in FIGS. 2 and 3.
- the learning processor 2130 can train a model composed of an artificial neural network using training data.
- the learned artificial neural network or machine learning algorithm may be referred to as a learning model.
- a learning model can be used to infer a result value for new input data other than learning data, and the inferred value can be used as the basis for a decision to perform an operation.
- the learning processor 2130 does not necessarily have to be included in the vehicle 200, but may be provided in a separate external server (not shown).
- the model storage unit 2231 may store a model (or artificial neural network) that is being trained or has been learned through the learning processor 230.
- the learning model stored in the model storage unit 2231 may be being learned or has been learned by the learning processor 2130 in the vehicle 200, or may have been previously learned by the external server.
- the mirror driver 340 may move and/or rotate at least one of the fold mirrors 315x and 315y and the concave mirrors 325x and 325y.
- the control unit 2170 can control the overall operation of each component within the vehicle 200.
- the control unit 2170 can control each component of the vehicle display device 100 as well as each component within the vehicle 200.
- the control unit 2170 may be understood as a component belonging to the vehicle display device 100.
- the control unit 2170 may be understood as including a separate control unit (not shown) for controlling the vehicle display device 100.
- Figure 22 shows a learning processor according to one aspect of the present disclosure.
- the learning processor 2130 may include an environment module 2131 and an agent module 2132.
- the environment module 2131 may be a simulation of overlap between the target object 400 and the augmented reality object 110 while the vehicle 200 is driving.
- the agent module 2132 may be a simulation of the vehicle display device 100.
- the learning processor 2130 can train the artificial intelligence model using a reinforcement learning method.
- the agent module 2132 performs an action (e.g., PGU pixel adjustment and/or mirror driving) on the environment module 2131 and compensates for the action on the environment module 2131.
- the artificial intelligence model can be learned by receiving.
- Figure 23 is a flowchart of implementation of an augmented reality-based head-up display according to an aspect of the present disclosure.
- the control unit 2170 may receive the status of the vehicle 200 from the vehicle status detector 2120 while driving under class 1 or higher conditions [S231].
- the state of the vehicle 200 includes vehicle attitude information, vehicle collision information, vehicle direction information, vehicle location information (GPS information), vehicle angle information, vehicle speed information, vehicle acceleration information, vehicle tilt information, and vehicle forward/backward information. It may include at least one of information, etc. ,
- the control unit 2170 may receive the status of the detected target object from the target object detection sensor 2300 while driving under class 2 or higher conditions [S231].
- the state of the detected target object may include information about at least one of the presence or absence of the target object, the type of the target object, the shape of the target object, the size of the target object, the movement of the target object, etc. there is.
- the control unit 2170 can detect the status of the user (driver and/or passenger) from the user detection unit 2200 while driving under class 3 or higher conditions [S231].
- the user's status may include information about at least one of the presence or absence of the user and the location of the user's eyebox.
- control unit 2170 calibrates the pixels (e.g., at least one of position and size) of the PGU for projection of the augmented reality object based on the state of the vehicle 200 and the objective function. It can be done [S232].
- control unit 2170 may calibrate the pixels of the PGU for projection of the augmented reality object based on the state of the vehicle 200, the state of the target object, and the objective function [S232 ].
- control unit 2170 selects pixels of the PGU for projection of the augmented reality object based on the state of the vehicle 200, the state of the target object, the state of the user, and the objective function.
- the mirror driving unit 340 By calibrating and driving the mirror driving unit 340, the position and direction of at least one of the folder mirror and the concave mirror can be calibrated [S232].
- control unit 2170 can project the augmented reality object through the calibrated pixels of the PGU [S233].
- control unit 2170 may project the augmented reality object through at least one of the calibrated folder mirror and the concave mirror and the calibrated pixels of the PGU [S233].
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Abstract
Description
Claims (20)
- 대상 오브젝트에 대응되는 증강현실 오브젝트를 출력하는 영상 생성 유닛;상기 증강현실 오브젝트를 반사시키는 미러;상기 증강현실 오브젝트의 투사 위치를 결정하기 위한 목적 함수를 저장하는 저장부; 및차량의 상태를 수신하고,상기 수신된 차량의 상태 및 상기 목적 함수에 기반하여 상기 증강현실 오브젝트를 출력하는 상기 영상 생성 유닛을 캘리브레이션하도록 하도록 제어하는 제어부;를 포함하는 차량용 디스플레이 장치.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 목적 함수는,인공지능 모델을 강화학습함으로써 생성되는 것을 특징하는 차량용 디스플레이 장치.
- 제 2 항에 있어서, 상기 목적 함수는상기 강화학습된 인공지능 모델과 뉴턴 랩슨 방식의 모델이 결합되어 생성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 차량용 디스플레이 장치.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 차량의 상태는차량 자세 정보, 차량 충돌 정보, 차량 방향 정보, 차량 위치 정보(GPS 정보), 차량 각도 정보, 차량 속도 정보, 차량 가속도 정보, 차량 기울기 정보, 및 차량 전진/후진 정보 중 적어도 하나를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차량용 디스플레이 장치.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 제어부는,상기 대상 오브젝트의 상태를 더욱 수신하고,상기 수신된 대상 오브젝트의 상태, 상기 차량의 상태, 및 상기 목적 함수에 기반하여 상기 증강현실 오브젝트를 출력하는 상기 영상 생성 유닛을 캘리브레이션하도록 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차량용 디스플레이 장치.
- 제 5 항에 있어서, 상기 대상 오브젝트의 상태는,상기 대상 오브젝트의 존재 유무, 상기 대상 오브젝트의 종류, 상기 대상 오브젝트의 형상, 상기 대상 오브젝트의 크기, 상기 대상 오브젝트의 움직임 중 적어도 하나에 관한 정보를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차량용 디스플레이 장치.
- 제 5 항에 있어서, 상기 제어부는,사용자의 상태를 더욱 수신하고,상기 수신된 사용자의 상태, 상기 대상 오브젝트의 상태, 상기 차량의 상태, 및 상기 목적 함수에 기반하여 상기 증강현실 오브젝트를 출력하는 상기 영상 생성 유닛을 캘리브레이션하도록 하도록 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차량용 디스플레이 장치.
- 제 7 항에 있어서, 상기 사용자의 상태는,상기 사용자의 존재 유무 및 상기 사용자의 아이박스(Eyebox) 위치 중 적어도 하나에 관한 정보를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차량용 디스플레이 장치.
- 제 7 항에 있어서,상기 미러의 이동 및 회전 중 적어도 하나를 수행하기 위한 미러 구동부를 더욱 포함하고, 상기 제어부는,상기 수신된 사용자의 상태, 상기 대상 오브젝트의 상태, 상기 차량의 상태, 및 상기 목적 함수에 기반하여, 상기 미러의 이동 및 회전 중 적어도 하나를 수행하기 위해 상기 미러 구동부를 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차량용 디스플레이 장치.
- 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 인공지능 모델은 PPO(Proximal Policy Optimization) 알고리즘 또는 SAC(Soft Actor-Critic) 알고리즘에 기반한 것을 특징으로 하는 차량용 디스플레이 장치.
- 차량의 상태를 수신하는 단계; 및대상 오브젝트에 대응되는 증강현실 오브젝트의 투사 위치를 결정하기 위한 목적 함수 및 상기 수신된 차량의 상태에 기반하여, 상기 증강현실 오브젝트를 출력하는 영상 생성 유닛을 캘리브레이션하는 단계;를 포함하는 차량용 디스플레이 장치의 제어 방법.
- 제 11 항에 있어서, 상기 목적 함수는,인공지능 모델을 강화학습함으로써 생성되는 것을 특징하는 차량용 디스플레이 장치의 제어 방법.
- 제 12 항에 있어서, 상기 목적 함수는상기 강화학습된 인공지능 모델과 뉴턴 랩슨 방식의 모델이 결합되어 생성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 차량용 디스플레이 장치의 제어 방법.
- 제 11 항에 있어서, 상기 차량의 상태는차량 자세 정보, 차량 충돌 정보, 차량 방향 정보, 차량 위치 정보(GPS 정보), 차량 각도 정보, 차량 속도 정보, 차량 가속도 정보, 차량 기울기 정보, 및 차량 전진/후진 정보 중 적어도 하나를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차량용 디스플레이 장치의 제어 방법.
- 제 11 항에 있어서,상기 대상 오브젝트의 상태를 수신하는 단계; 및상기 수신된 대상 오브젝트의 상태, 상기 차량의 상태, 및 상기 목적 함수에 기반하여 상기 증강현실 오브젝트를 출력하는 상기 영상 생성 유닛을 캘리브레이션하는 단계;를 더욱 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차량용 디스플레이 장치의 제어 방법.
- 제 15 항에 있어서, 상기 대상 오브젝트의 상태는,상기 대상 오브젝트의 존재 유무, 상기 대상 오브젝트의 종류, 상기 대상 오브젝트의 형상, 상기 대상 오브젝트의 크기, 상기 대상 오브젝트의 움직임 중 적어도 하나에 관한 정보를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차량용 디스플레이 장치의 제어 방법.
- 제 15 항에 있어서,사용자의 상태를 수신하는 단계; 및상기 수신된 사용자의 상태, 상기 대상 오브젝트의 상태, 상기 차량의 상태, 및 상기 목적 함수에 기반하여 상기 증강현실 오브젝트를 출력하는 상기 영상 생성 유닛을 캘리브레이션하는 단계;를 더욱 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차량용 디스플레이 장치의 제어 방법.
- 제 17 항에 있어서, 상기 사용자의 상태는,상기 사용자의 존재 유무 및 상기 사용자의 아이박스(Eyebox) 위치 중 적어도 하나에 관한 정보를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차량용 디스플레이 장치의 제어 방법.
- 제 17 항에 있어서,상기 수신된 사용자의 상태, 상기 대상 오브젝트의 상태, 상기 차량의 상태, 및 상기 목적 함수에 기반하여, 상기 증강현실 오브젝트를 반사하는 미러의 이동 및 회전 중 적어도 하나를 수행하기 위해 미러 구동부를 제어하는 단계를 더욱 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차량용 디스플레이 장치의 제어 방법.
- 제 12 항에 있어서,상기 인공지능 모델은 PPO(Proximal Policy Optimization) 알고리즘 또는 SAC(Soft Actor-Critic) 알고리즘에 기반한 것을 특징으로 하는 차량용 디스플레이 장치의 제어 방법.
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| CN119749575A (zh) * | 2024-05-21 | 2025-04-04 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 车辆控制方法、控制器、存储介质和车辆 |
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2023
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- 2023-10-26 KR KR1020257013783A patent/KR20250097824A/ko active Pending
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| EP4586207A4 (en) | 2026-01-28 |
| KR20250097824A (ko) | 2025-06-30 |
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